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Jiang M, Wu W, Xiong Z, Yu X, Ye Z, Wu Z. Targeting autophagy drug discovery: Targets, indications and development trends. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 267:116117. [PMID: 38295689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy plays a vital role in sustaining cellular homeostasis and its alterations have been implicated in the etiology of many diseases. Drugs development targeting autophagy began decades ago and hundreds of agents were developed, some of which are licensed for the clinical usage. However, no existing intervention specifically aimed at modulating autophagy is available. The obstacles that prevent drug developments come from the complexity of the actual impact of autophagy regulators in disease scenarios. With the development and application of new technologies, several promising categories of compounds for autophagy-based therapy have emerged in recent years. In this paper, the autophagy-targeted drugs based on their targets at various hierarchical sites of the autophagic signaling network, e.g., the upstream and downstream of the autophagosome and the autophagic components with enzyme activities are reviewed and analyzed respectively, with special attention paid to those at preclinical or clinical trials. The drugs tailored to specific autophagy alone and combination with drugs/adjuvant therapies widely used in clinical for various diseases treatments are also emphasized. The emerging drug design and development targeting selective autophagy receptors (SARs) and their related proteins, which would be expected to arrest or reverse the progression of disease in various cancers, inflammation, neurodegeneration, and metabolic disorders, are critically reviewed. And the challenges and perspective in clinically developing autophagy-targeted drugs and possible combinations with other medicine are considered in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Wayne Wu
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Zijie Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Department of Biology, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Zihong Ye
- Department of Biology, China Jiliang University, China
| | - Zhiping Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, China Jiliang University, China.
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Sabbah DA, Hajjo R, Bardaweel SK, Zhong HA. Targeting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in anticancer research: a recent update on inhibitor design and clinical trials (2020-2023). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2024; 34:141-158. [PMID: 38557273 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2024.2338100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent years have witnessed great achievements in drug design and development targeting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase-B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway, a pathway central to cell growth and proliferation. The nearest neighbor protein-protein interaction networks for PI3K and AKT show the interplays between these target proteins which can be harnessed for drug discovery. In this review, we discuss the drug design and clinical development of inhibitors of PI3K/AKT in the past three years. We review in detail the structures, selectivity, efficacy, and combination therapy of 35 inhibitors targeting these proteins, classified based on the target proteins. Approaches to overcoming drug resistance and to minimizing toxicities are discussed. Future research directions for developing combinational therapy and PROTACs of PI3K and AKT inhibitors are also discussed. AREA COVERED This review covers clinical trial reports and patent literature on inhibitors of PI3K and AKT published between 2020 and 2023. EXPERT OPINION To address drug resistance and drug toxicity of inhibitors of PI3K and AKT, it is highly desirable to design and develop subtype-selective PI3K inhibitors or subtype-selective AKT1 inhibitors to minimize toxicity or to develop allosteric drugs that can form covalent bonds. The development of PROTACs of PI3Kα or AKT helps to reduce off-target toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dima A Sabbah
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rima Hajjo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Laboratory for Molecular Modeling, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- National Center for Epidemics and Communicable Disease Control (JCDC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Sanaa K Bardaweel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Haizhen A Zhong
- DSC 309, Department of Chemistry, The University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA
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Hu J, Fu S, Zhan Z, Zhang J. Advancements in dual-target inhibitors of PI3K for tumor therapy: Clinical progress, development strategies, prospects. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116109. [PMID: 38183777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) modify lipids by the phosphorylation of inositol phospholipids at the 3'-OH position, thereby participating in signal transduction and exerting effects on various physiological processes such as cell growth, metabolism, and organism development. PI3K activation also drives cancer cell growth, survival, and metabolism, with genetic dysregulation of this pathway observed in diverse human cancers. Therefore, this target is considered a promising potential therapeutic target for various types of cancer. Currently, several selective PI3K inhibitors and one dual-target PI3K inhibitor have been approved and launched on the market. However, the majority of these inhibitors have faced revocation or voluntary withdrawal of indications due to concerns regarding their adverse effects. This article provides a comprehensive review of the structure and biological functions, and clinical status of PI3K inhibitors, with a specific emphasis on the development strategies and structure-activity relationships of dual-target PI3K inhibitors. The findings offer valuable insights and future directions for the development of highly promising dual-target drugs targeting PI3K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Hu
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Siyu Fu
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zixuan Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Zhong Z, Wang T, Zang R, Zang Y, Feng Y, Yan S, Geng C, Zhu N, Wang Q. Dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PF-04979064 regulates tumor growth in gastric cancer and enhances drug sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to 5-FU. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116086. [PMID: 38159377 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is characterized by high tumor heterogeneity, increased surgical difficulty, and limited chemotherapy efficacy, and it is associated with a poor prognosis. The abnormal proliferation of cells involves abnormal activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Inhibition of this signaling pathway can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis. This study evaluated the effect of PF-04979064, a dual inhibitor of PI3K and mTOR, on human GC cells. PF-04979064 significantly inhibited the proliferation of human gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells and the undifferentiated GC cell line HGC-27, promoting cell apoptosis. Combination treatment with PF-04979064 and the GC first-line clinical drug 5-FU showed synergistic effects, and PF-04979064 markedly increased the sensitivity of GC cells to chemotherapy drugs. Western blot results showed that PF-04979064 significantly inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in GC cells, whereas RNA seq results demonstrated substantial alterations in gene expression profiles upon treatment with PF-04979064. This study provides insight into the effects of PF-04979064, thereby establishing a solid foundation for its potential clinical application in the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Zhong
- School of Medical Laboratory, WeiFang Medical University, No.7166, Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Tengkai Wang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Ruochen Zang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yufei Zang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yaoyao Feng
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Shujun Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266035, China
| | - Congcong Geng
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Na Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266035, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266035, China.
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Izat N, Bolleddula J, Abbasi A, Cheruzel L, Jones RS, Moss D, Ortega-Muro F, Parmentier Y, Peterkin VC, Tian DD, Venkatakrishnan K, Zientek MA, Barber J, Houston JB, Galetin A, Scotcher D. Challenges and Opportunities for In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation of Aldehyde Oxidase-Mediated Clearance: Toward a Roadmap for Quantitative Translation. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1591-1606. [PMID: 37751998 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Underestimation of aldehyde oxidase (AO)-mediated clearance by current in vitro assays leads to uncertainty in human dose projections, thereby reducing the likelihood of success in drug development. In the present study we first evaluated the current drug development practices for AO substrates. Next, the overall predictive performance of in vitro-in vivo extrapolation of unbound hepatic intrinsic clearance (CLint,u) and unbound hepatic intrinsic clearance by AO (CLint,u,AO) was assessed using a comprehensive literature database of in vitro (human cytosol/S9/hepatocytes) and in vivo (intravenous/oral) data collated for 22 AO substrates (total of 100 datapoints from multiple studies). Correction for unbound fraction in the incubation was done by experimental data or in silico predictions. The fraction metabolized by AO (fmAO) determined via in vitro/in vivo approaches was found to be highly variable. The geometric mean fold errors (gmfe) for scaled CLint,u (mL/min/kg) were 10.4 for human hepatocytes, 5.6 for human liver cytosols, and 5.0 for human liver S9, respectively. Application of these gmfe's as empirical scaling factors improved predictions (45%-57% within twofold of observed) compared with no correction (11%-27% within twofold), with the scaling factors qualified by leave-one-out cross-validation. A road map for quantitative translation was then proposed following a critical evaluation on the in vitro and clinical methodology to estimate in vivo fmAO In conclusion, the study provides the most robust system-specific empirical scaling factors to date as a pragmatic approach for the prediction of in vivo CLint,u,AO in the early stages of drug development. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Confidence remains low when predicting in vivo clearance of AO substrates using in vitro systems, leading to de-prioritization of AO substrates from the drug development pipeline to mitigate risk of unexpected and costly in vivo impact. The current study establishes a set of empirical scaling factors as a pragmatic tool to improve predictability of in vivo AO clearance. Developing clinical pharmacology strategies for AO substrates by utilizing mass balance/clinical drug-drug interaction data will help build confidence in fmAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihan Izat
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Jayaprakasam Bolleddula
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Armina Abbasi
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Lionel Cheruzel
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Robert S Jones
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Darren Moss
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Fatima Ortega-Muro
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Yannick Parmentier
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Vincent C Peterkin
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Dan-Dan Tian
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Karthik Venkatakrishnan
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Michael A Zientek
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Jill Barber
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - J Brian Houston
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Aleksandra Galetin
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
| | - Daniel Scotcher
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK (N.I., Ji.B., J.B.H., A.G., D.S.); EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts (Ja.B., K.V.); Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, California (A.A.); Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California (L.C., R.S.J.); Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium (D.M.); GSK R&D, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain (F.O.M.); Technologie Servier, Orléans, France (Y.P.); AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois (V.C.P.); Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana (D.-D.T.); and Takeda Pharmaceuticals Limited, San Diego, California (M.A.Z.)
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6
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Zhang T, Jiang S, Li T, Liu Y, Zhang Y. Identified Isosteric Replacements of Ligands' Glycosyl Domain by Data Mining. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:25165-25184. [PMID: 37483233 PMCID: PMC10357434 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Biologically equivalent replacements of key moieties in molecules rationalize scaffold hopping, patent busting, or R-group enumeration. Yet, this information may depend upon the expert-defined space, and might be subjective and biased toward the chemistries they get used to. Most importantly, these practices are often informatively incomplete since they are often compromised by a try-and-error cycle, and although they depict what kind of substructures are suitable for the replacement occurrence, they fail to explain the driving forces to support such interchanges. The protein data bank (PDB) encodes a receptor-ligand interaction pattern and could be an optional source to mine structural surrogates. However, manual decoding of PDB has become almost impossible and redundant to excavate the bioisosteric know-how. Therefore, a text parsing workflow has been developed to automatically extract the local structural replacement of a specific structure from PDB by finding spatial and steric interaction overlaps between the fragments in endogenous ligands and particular ligand fragments. Taking the glycosyl domain for instance, a total of 49 520 replacements that overlap on nucleotide ribose were identified and categorized based on their SMILE codes. A predominately ring system, such as aliphatic and aromatic rings, was observed; yet, amide and sulfonamide replacements also occur. We believe these findings may enlighten medicinal chemists on the structure design and optimization of ligands using the bioisosteric replacement strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinghao Zhang
- Xi’an
Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute
of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical
University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Shenghao Jiang
- School of
Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical
University, 127 West
Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Ting Li
- Xi’an
Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute
of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical
University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Xi’an
Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute
of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical
University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Yuezhou Zhang
- Xi’an
Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute
of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical
University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
- Ningbo
Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Frontiers Science
Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Key laboratory of Flexible
Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern
Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo 315103, China
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7
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BTEAC Catalyzed Ultrasonic-Assisted Synthesis of Bromobenzofuran-Oxadiazoles: Unravelling Anti-HepG-2 Cancer Therapeutic Potential through In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24033008. [PMID: 36769327 PMCID: PMC9917671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, BTEAC (benzyl triethylammonium chloride) was employed as a phase transfer catalyst in an improved synthesis (up to 88% yield) of S-alkylated bromobenzofuran-oxadiazole scaffolds BF1-9. These bromobenzofuran-oxadiazole structural hybrids BF1-9 were evaluated in vitro against anti-hepatocellular cancer (HepG2) cell line as well as for their in silico therapeutic potential against six key cancer targets, such as EGFR, PI3K, mTOR, GSK-3β, AKT, and Tubulin polymerization enzymes. Bromobenzofuran structural motifs BF-2, BF-5, and BF-6 displayed the best anti-cancer potential and with the least cell viabilities (12.72 ± 2.23%, 10.41 ± 0.66%, and 13.08 ± 1.08%), respectively, against HepG2 liver cancer cell line, and they also showed excellent molecular docking scores against EGFR, PI3K, mTOR, and Tubulin polymerization enzymes, which are major cancer targets. Bromobenzofuran-oxadiazoles BF-2, BF-5, and BF-6 displayed excellent binding affinities with the active sites of EGFR, PI3K, mTOR, and Tubulin polymerization enzymes in the molecular docking studies as well as in MMGBSA and MM-PBSA studies. The stable bindings of these structural hybrids BF-2, BF-5, and BF-6 with the enzyme targets EGFR and PI3K were further confirmed by molecular dynamic simulations. These investigations revealed that 2,5-dimethoxy-based bromobenzofuran-oxadiazole BF-5 (10.41 ± 0.66% cell viability) exhibited excellent cytotoxic therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, computational studies also suggested that the EGFR, PI3K, mTOR, and Tubulin polymerization enzymes were the probable targets of this BF-5 scaffold. In silico approaches, such as molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and DFT studies, displayed excellent association with the experimental biological data of bromobenzofuran-oxadiazoles BF1-9. Thus, in silico and in vitro results anticipate that the synthesized bromobenzofuran-oxadiazole hybrid BF-5 possesses prominent anti-liver cancer inhibitory effects and can be used as lead for further investigation for anti-HepG2 liver cancer therapy.
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8
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Occhiuzzi MA, Lico G, Ioele G, De Luca M, Garofalo A, Grande F. Recent advances in PI3K/PKB/mTOR inhibitors as new anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:114971. [PMID: 36462440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The biochemical role of the PI3K/PKB/mTOR signalling pathway in cell-cycle regulation is now well known. During the onset and development of different forms of cancer it becomes overactive reducing apoptosis and allowing cell proliferation. Therefore, this pathway has become an important target for the treatment of various forms of malignant tumors, including breast cancer and follicular lymphoma. Recently, several more or less selective inhibitors targeting these proteins have been identified. In general, drugs that act on multiple targets within the entire pathway are more efficient than single targeting inhibitors. Multiple inhibitors exhibit high potency and limited drug resistance, resulting in promising anticancer agents. In this context, the present survey focuses on small molecule drugs capable of modulating the PI3K/PKB/mTOR signalling pathway, thus representing drugs or drug candidates to be used in the pharmacological treatment of different forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gernando Lico
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Ioele
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Michele De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Antonio Garofalo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
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9
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Gajula SNR, Nathani TN, Patil RM, Talari S, Sonti R. Aldehyde oxidase mediated drug metabolism: an underpredicted obstacle in drug discovery and development. Drug Metab Rev 2022; 54:427-448. [PMID: 36369949 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2022.2144879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aldehyde oxidase (AO) has garnered curiosity as a non-CYP metabolizing enzyme in drug development due to unexpected consequences such as toxic metabolite generation and high metabolic clearance resulting in the clinical failure of new drugs. Therefore, poor AO mediated clearance prediction in preclinical nonhuman species remains a significant obstacle in developing novel drugs. Various isoforms of AO, such as AOX1, AOX3, AOX3L1, and AOX4 exist across species, and different AO activity among humans influences the AO mediated drug metabolism. Therefore, carefully considering the unique challenges is essential in developing successful AO substrate drugs. The in vitro to in vivo extrapolation underpredicts AO mediated drug clearance due to the lack of reliable representative animal models, substrate-specific activity, and the discrepancy between absolute concentration and activity. An in vitro tool to extrapolate in vivo clearance using a yard-stick approach is provided to address the underprediction of AO mediated drug clearance. This approach uses a range of well-known AO drug substrates as calibrators for qualitative scaling new drugs into low, medium, or high clearance category drugs. So far, in vivo investigations on chimeric mice with humanized livers (humanized mice) have predicted AO mediated metabolism to the best extent. This review addresses the critical aspects of the drug discovery stage for AO metabolism studies, challenges faced in drug development, approaches to tackle AO mediated drug clearance's underprediction, and strategies to decrease the AO metabolism of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Nageswara Rao Gajula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, India
| | - Tanaaz Navin Nathani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, India
| | - Rashmi Madhukar Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, India
| | - Sasikala Talari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, India
| | - Rajesh Sonti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, India
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10
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Abohassan M, Alshahrani M, Alshahrani MY, Rajagopalan P. Insilco and Invitro approaches identify novel dual PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitors to control acute myeloid leukemia cell proliferations. Med Oncol 2022; 39:249. [PMID: 36209300 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01846-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by disruption of intracellular signaling due to aberration of extracellular signaling pathways, namely PI3K/AKT cascade, by dysregulating erythropoiesis and myelopoiesis. Therefore, inhibition of PI3K/AKT, either individually, or by dual inhibitors, is shown to be effective in suppression of tumorigenesis. To increase the therapeutic viability and decrease adverse effects, including cytotoxicity due to off-target kinase inhibitions, customized targeted pharmacological agents are needed that would have greater treatment potential. In this work, using an interdisciplinary approach, we have identified dual inhibitors targeted to PI3K and AKT to significantly repress the cell proliferation in AML cancers. Diversity-based high-throughput virtual screening (D-HTVS) technique followed by conventional docking approach identified small molecules from ChemBridge library, having high binding affinity for PI3KCG subunit. Further computational screening of top identified PI3K-specific lead molecules predicts dual inhibitors with high binding affinity for AKT. To rule out the possibility for cross-reaction/off-target effects of identified small molecules, lead compounds having nil or negligible binding to PI3KCA- and PI3KCB subunits were chosen. Computational screening, enzyme inhibition and cell proliferation assays show compound C16,5-{[(1,3-dioxo-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-yl)amino]methylene}-1-phenyl-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione has better affinity for PI3KCG, delta, and AKT kinases compared to their respective known/established inhibitors, and has significant anti-cell proliferation activity in AML cells with a GI50 values of 77.25 nM and 49.65 nM in THP-1 and HL-60 cells, respectively. This work proposes a novel dual inhibitor that selectively targets PI3K/AKT and suppresses cell proliferation in AML cells as a potential lead molecule for treating AML cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abohassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mesfer Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prasanna Rajagopalan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
- Central Research Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
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11
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Wu X, Xu Y, Liang Q, Yang X, Huang J, Wang J, Zhang H, Shi J. Recent Advances in Dual PI3K/mTOR Inhibitors for Tumour Treatment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:875372. [PMID: 35614940 PMCID: PMC9124774 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway is a viable target for cancer treatment and can be used to treat various malignant tumours, including follicular lymphoma and breast cancer. Both enzymes, PI3K and mTOR, are critical in this pathway. Hence, in recent years, an array of inhibitors targeting these two targets have been studied, showing dual PI3K/mTOR inhibition compared with single targeting small molecule inhibitors. Inhibitors not only inhibit cell proliferation but also promote cell apoptosis. These inhibitors show high potency and little drug resistance even at low doses, suggesting that PI3K/mTOR inhibitors are promising cancer drugs. Herein, we summarised the recent research of PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitors—for example, structure-activity relationship, pharmacokinetics, and clinical practice, and briefly commented on them. Clinical Trial Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbo Wu
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yihua Xu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Liang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinwei Yang
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianli Huang
- First Clinical College of Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Wang
- First Clinical College of Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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12
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Zhu J, Li K, Xu L, Cai Y, Chen Y, Zhao X, Li H, Huang G, Jin J. Discovery of novel selective PI3Kγ inhibitors through combining machine learning-based virtual screening with multiple protein structures and bio-evaluation. J Adv Res 2022; 36:1-13. [PMID: 35127160 PMCID: PMC8800018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) has been regarded as a promising drug target for the treatment of various diseases, and the diverse physiological roles of class I PI3K isoforms (α, β, δ, and γ) highlight the importance of isoform selectivity in the development of PI3Kγ inhibitors. However, the high structural conservation among the PI3K family makes it a big challenge to develop selective PI3Kγ inhibitors. Objectives A novel machine learning-based virtual screening with multiple PI3Kγ protein structures was developed to discover novel PI3Kγ inhibitors. Methods A large chemical database was screened using the virtual screening model, the top-ranked compounds were then subjected to a series of bio-evaluations, which led to the discovery of JN-KI3. The selective inhibition mechanism of JN-KI3 against PI3Kγ was uncovered by a theoretical study. Results 49 hits were identified through virtual screening, and the cell-free enzymatic studies found that JN-KI3 selectively inhibited PI3Kγ at a concentration as low as 3,873 nM but had no inhibitory effect on Class IA PI3Ks, leading to the selective cytotoxicity on hematologic cancer cells. Meanwhile, JN-KI3 potently blocked the PI3K signaling, finally led to distinct apoptosis of hematologic cell lines at a low concentration. Lastly, the key residues of PI3Kγ and the structural characteristics of JN-KI3, which both would influence γ isoform-selective inhibition, were highlighted by systematic theoretical studies. Conclusion The developed virtual screening model strongly manifests the robustness to find novel PI3Kγ inhibitors. JN-KI3 displays a specific cytotoxicity on hematologic tumor cells, and significantly promotes apoptosis associated with the inhibition of the PI3K signaling, which depicts PI3Kγ as a potential target for the hematologic tumor therapy. The theoretical results reveal that those key residues interacting with JN-KI3 are less common compared to most of the reported PI3Kγ inhibitors, indicating that JN-KI3 has novel structural characteristics as a selective PIK3γ inhibitor.
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Key Words
- ADMET, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity
- AKT, protein kinase B
- AUC, area under receiver operations characteristic curve
- Badapple, bioactivity data associative promiscuity pattern learning engine
- CADD, computer-aided drug design
- CDRA, confirmatory dose–response assays
- DMEM, Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium
- DS3.5, discovery studio 3.5
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- GPCR, G protein-coupled receptors
- H-bond, hydrogen bond
- Hematologic malignancies
- IMDM, Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Medium
- Ionic, ionic interactions
- JN-KI3
- MD, molecular dynamics
- MM/GBSA, molecular mechanics/generalized born surface area
- Molecular dynamics simulation
- NBC, naive Bayesian classifier
- PAGE, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- PAINS, pan-assay interference compounds
- PARP, poly ADP-ribose polymerase
- PDB, protein data bank
- PI3K, Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
- PI3Kγ
- PSA, primary screening assays
- REOS, rapid elimination of swill
- RMSD, root-mean-squared-deviation
- RMSF, root-mean-squared-fluctuation
- ROC, receiver operations characteristic
- RTK, receptor tyrosine kinases
- SD, standard deviation
- SMILES, simplified molecular input line entry specification
- SP, standard precision
- Selective inhibitor
- VS, virtual screening
- Virtual screening
- Water Bridge, hydrogen bonds through water molecular bridge
- XP, extra precision
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Kan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Yanfei Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xinling Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Huazhong Li
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 21412 2, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jian Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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13
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Martínez-González S, Alvarez RM, Martín JI, García AB, Riesco-Fagundo C, Varela C, Rodríguez Hergueta A, González Cantalapiedra E, Albarrán MI, Gómez-Casero E, Cebriá A, Aguirre E, Ajenjo N, Cebrián D, Di Geronimo B, Cunningham D, O’Neill M, Dave HPG, Blanco-Aparicio C, Pastor J. Macrocyclization as a Source of Desired Polypharmacology. Discovery of Triple PI3K/mTOR/PIM Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1794-1801. [PMID: 34795869 PMCID: PMC8591745 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR and PIM kinase pathways contribute to the development of several hallmarks of cancer. Cotargeting of these pathways has exhibited promising synergistic therapeutic effects in liquid and solid tumor types. To identify molecules with combined activities, we cross-screened our collection of PI3K/(±mTOR) macrocycles (MCXs) and identified the MCX thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivative 2 as a moderate dual PI3K/PIM-1 inhibitor. We report the medicinal chemistry exploration and biological characterization of a series of thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine MCXs, which led to the discovery of IBL-302 (31), a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable triple PI3K/mTOR/PIM inhibitor. IBL-302, currently in late preclinical development (AUM302), has recently demonstrated efficacy in neuroblastoma and breast cancer xenografts. Additionally, during the course of our experiments, we observed that macrocyclization was essential to obtain the desired multitarget profile. As a matter of example, the open precursors 35-37 were inactive against PIM whereas MCX 28 displayed low nanomolar activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Martínez-González
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Alvarez
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José I. Martín
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belén García
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Riesco-Fagundo
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Varela
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez Hergueta
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther González Cantalapiedra
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. I. Albarrán
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Gómez-Casero
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Cebriá
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enara Aguirre
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Ajenjo
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Cebrián
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Di Geronimo
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Darren Cunningham
- Inflection
Biosciences Ltd., Suite
15, Anglesea 419 House, Carysfort Avenue Blackrock, Dublin A94 VC59, Ireland
| | - Michael O’Neill
- Inflection
Biosciences Ltd., Suite
15, Anglesea 419 House, Carysfort Avenue Blackrock, Dublin A94 VC59, Ireland
| | - Harish P. G. Dave
- AUM
Biosciences, 24-428 16A,
10 Anson Road, International Plaza, Singapore 429 079903
| | - Carmen Blanco-Aparicio
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Pastor
- Experimental
Therapeutics Programme, Spanish National
Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), C/Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Soltani S, Hallaj-Nezhadi S, Rashidi MR. A comprehensive review of in silico approaches for the prediction and modulation of aldehyde oxidase-mediated drug metabolism: The current features, challenges and future perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 222:113559. [PMID: 34119831 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The importance of aldehyde oxidase (AOX) in drug metabolism necessitates the development and application of the in silico rational drug design methods as an integral part of drug discovery projects for the early prediction and modulation of AOX-mediated metabolism. The current study represents an up-to-date and thorough review of in silico studies of AOX-mediated metabolism and modulation methods. In addition, the challenges and the knowledge gap that should be covered have been discussed. The importance of aldehyde oxidase (AOX) in drug metabolism is a hot topic in drug discovery. Different strategies are available for the modulation of the AOX-mediated metabolism of drugs. Application of the rational drug design methods as an integral part of drug discovery projects is necessary for the early prediction of AOX-mediated metabolism. The current study represents a comprehensive review of AOX molecular structure, AOX-mediated reactions, AOX substrates, AOX inhibition, approaches to modify AOX-mediated metabolism, prediction of AOX metabolism/substrates/inhibitors, and the AOX related structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies. Furthermore, an up-to-date and thorough review of in silico studies of AOX metabolism has been carried out. In addition, the challenges and the knowledge gap that should be covered in the scientific literature have been discussed in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaieh Soltani
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Somayeh Hallaj-Nezhadi
- Drug Applied Research Center and Pharmacy Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Rashidi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute and Pharmacy faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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15
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Cheng H, Orr STM, Bailey S, Brooun A, Chen P, Deal JG, Deng YL, Edwards MP, Gallego GM, Grodsky N, Huang B, Jalaie M, Kaiser S, Kania RS, Kephart SE, Lafontaine J, Ornelas MA, Pairish M, Planken S, Shen H, Sutton S, Zehnder L, Almaden CD, Bagrodia S, Falk MD, Gukasyan HJ, Ho C, Kang X, Kosa RE, Liu L, Spilker ME, Timofeevski S, Visswanathan R, Wang Z, Meng F, Ren S, Shao L, Xu F, Kath JC. Structure-Based Drug Design and Synthesis of PI3Kα-Selective Inhibitor (PF-06843195). J Med Chem 2020; 64:644-661. [PMID: 33356246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is a frequently dysregulated pathway in human cancer, and PI3Kα is one of the most frequently mutated kinases in human cancer. A PI3Kα-selective inhibitor may provide the opportunity to spare patients the side effects associated with broader inhibition of the class I PI3K family. Here, we describe our efforts to discover a PI3Kα-selective inhibitor by applying structure-based drug design (SBDD) and computational analysis. A novel series of compounds, exemplified by 2,2-difluoroethyl (3S)-3-{[2'-amino-5-fluoro-2-(morpholin-4-yl)-4,5'-bipyrimidin-6-yl]amino}-3-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (1) (PF-06843195), with high PI3Kα potency and unique PI3K isoform and mTOR selectivity were discovered. We describe here the details of the design and synthesis program that lead to the discovery of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengmiao Cheng
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Suvi T M Orr
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Simon Bailey
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Alexei Brooun
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Ping Chen
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Judith G Deal
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Yali L Deng
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Martin P Edwards
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Gary M Gallego
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Neil Grodsky
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Buwen Huang
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Mehran Jalaie
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Stephen Kaiser
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Robert S Kania
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Susan E Kephart
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jennifer Lafontaine
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Martha A Ornelas
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Mason Pairish
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Simon Planken
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Hong Shen
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Scott Sutton
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Luke Zehnder
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Chau D Almaden
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Shubha Bagrodia
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Matthew D Falk
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Hovhannes J Gukasyan
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Caroline Ho
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Xiaolin Kang
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Rachel E Kosa
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Ling Liu
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Mary E Spilker
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Sergei Timofeevski
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Ravi Visswanathan
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Zhenxiong Wang
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Fanxiu Meng
- Wuxi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Shijian Ren
- Wuxi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Li Shao
- Wuxi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Wuxi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - John C Kath
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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16
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Masdeu C, Fuertes M, Martin-Encinas E, Selas A, Rubiales G, Palacios F, Alonso C. Fused 1,5-Naphthyridines: Synthetic Tools and Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153508. [PMID: 32752070 PMCID: PMC7436086 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds, including fused 1,5-naphthyridines, have versatile applications in the fields of synthetic organic chemistry and play an important role in the field of medicinal chemistry, as many of them have a wide range of biological activities. In this review, a wide range of synthetic protocols for the construction of this scaffold are presented. For example, Friedländer, Skraup, Semmlere-Wolff, and hetero-Diels-Alder, among others, are well known classical synthetic protocols used for the construction of the main 1,5-naphthyridine scaffold. These syntheses are classified according to the nature of the cycle fused to the 1,5-naphthyridine ring: carbocycles, nitrogen heterocycles, oxygen heterocycles, and sulphur heterocycles. In addition, taking into account the aforementioned versatility of these heterocycles, their reactivity is presented as well as their use as a ligand for metal complexes formation. Finally, those fused 1,5-naphthyridines that present biological activity and optical applications, among others, are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Francisco Palacios
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (C.A.); Tel.: +34-945-01-3103 (F.P.); +34-945-01-3087 (C.A.)
| | - Concepcion Alonso
- Correspondence: (F.P.); (C.A.); Tel.: +34-945-01-3103 (F.P.); +34-945-01-3087 (C.A.)
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17
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Dual-target kinase drug design: Current strategies and future directions in cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 188:112025. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.112025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Manevski N, King L, Pitt WR, Lecomte F, Toselli F. Metabolism by Aldehyde Oxidase: Drug Design and Complementary Approaches to Challenges in Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2019; 62:10955-10994. [PMID: 31385704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aldehyde oxidase (AO) catalyzes oxidations of azaheterocycles and aldehydes, amide hydrolysis, and diverse reductions. AO substrates are rare among marketed drugs, and many candidates failed due to poor pharmacokinetics, interspecies differences, and adverse effects. As most issues arise from complex and poorly understood AO biology, an effective solution is to stop or decrease AO metabolism. This perspective focuses on rational drug design approaches to modulate AO-mediated metabolism in drug discovery. AO biological aspects are also covered, as they are complementary to chemical design and important when selecting the experimental system for risk assessment. The authors' recommendation is an early consideration of AO-mediated metabolism supported by computational and in vitro experimental methods but not an automatic avoidance of AO structural flags, many of which are versatile and valuable building blocks. Preferably, consideration of AO-mediated metabolism should be part of the multiparametric drug optimization process, with the goal to improve overall drug-like properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenad Manevski
- UCB Celltech , 208 Bath Road , Slough SL13WE , United Kingdom
| | - Lloyd King
- UCB Celltech , 208 Bath Road , Slough SL13WE , United Kingdom
| | - William R Pitt
- UCB Celltech , 208 Bath Road , Slough SL13WE , United Kingdom
| | - Fabien Lecomte
- UCB Celltech , 208 Bath Road , Slough SL13WE , United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Toselli
- UCB BioPharma , Chemin du Foriest 1 , 1420 Braine-l'Alleud , Belgium
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19
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Hei YY, Zhang SQ, Feng Y, Wang J, Duan W, Zhang H, Mao S, Sun H, Xin M. Alkylsulfonamide-containing quinazoline derivatives as potent and orally bioavailable PI3Ks inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:114930. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Discovery of 4-phenyl-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one derivatives as potent and orally active PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 178:667-686. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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21
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Anticancer compound XL765 as PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor: A structural insight into the inhibitory mechanism using computational approaches. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219180. [PMID: 31247018 PMCID: PMC6597235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway is often a commonly disrupted pathway in human cancer and, therefore, it is widely exploited for cancer therapy. The inhibitors for the important proteins of the pathway including PI3K and mTOR have been increasingly designed. The dual inhibitors targeting PI3K and mTOR both have proven to be more effective than those targeting single protein only. An orally-active compound XL765 is well established as PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor and have shown in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity against a variety of cancer types and is undergoing clinical trials. The present study explored the exact binding pose and the the interactive forces holding XL765 within the active sites of PI3Kγ and mTOR using molecular docking analyses. The XL765 interacting residues of both the proteins were delineated and the degree of participation in binding was estimated by various methods. In the process, among the interacting residues of PI3Kγ, the Lys-890 and the Met-953 were recognized as the key residues involved in XL765 binding. While, in mTOR case, the Trp-2239 was recognized as the key residue playing role in the XL765 binding. In order to explore the better inhibitors, the study also generated combinatorial chemical library by modifying the scaffold considered from XL765. The virtual screening of the generated compound library led to identification of six novel promising compounds proposed as PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitors. Thus, the present work will through light on the drug inhibitory mechanism of XL765 for PI3K and mTOR, and will also assist in designing novel efficacious drug candidates.
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22
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Identification of small molecule enzyme inhibitors as broad-spectrum anthelmintics. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9085. [PMID: 31235822 PMCID: PMC6591293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45548-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting chokepoint enzymes in metabolic pathways has led to new drugs for cancers, autoimmune disorders and infectious diseases. This is also a cornerstone approach for discovery and development of anthelmintics against nematode and flatworm parasites. Here, we performed omics-driven knowledge-based identification of chokepoint enzymes as anthelmintic targets. We prioritized 10 of 186 phylogenetically conserved chokepoint enzymes and undertook a target class repurposing approach to test and identify new small molecules with broad spectrum anthelmintic activity. First, we identified and tested 94 commercially available compounds using an in vitro phenotypic assay, and discovered 11 hits that inhibited nematode motility. Based on these findings, we performed chemogenomic screening and tested 32 additional compounds, identifying 6 more active hits. Overall, 6 intestinal (single-species), 5 potential pan-intestinal (whipworm and hookworm) and 6 pan-Phylum Nematoda (intestinal and filarial species) small molecule inhibitors were identified, including multiple azoles, Tadalafil and Torin-1. The active hit compounds targeted three different target classes in humans, which are involved in various pathways, including carbohydrate, amino acid and nucleotide metabolism. Last, using representative inhibitors from each target class, we demonstrated in vivo efficacy characterized by negative effects on parasite fecundity in hamsters infected with hookworms.
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23
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Ahmad S, Hussain A, Hussain A, Abdullah I, Ali MS, Froeyen M, Mirza MU. Quantification of Berberine in Berberis vulgaris L. Root Extract and Its Curative and Prophylactic Role in Cisplatin-Induced In Vivo Toxicity and In Vitro Cytotoxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E185. [PMID: 31248160 PMCID: PMC6616455 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8060185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is amongst the most potent chemotherapeutic drugs with applications in more than 50% of cancer treatments, but dose-dependent side effects limit its usefulness. Berberis vulgaris L. (B. vulgaris) has a proven role in several therapeutic applications in the traditional medicinal system. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify berberine, a potent alkaloid in the methanolic root extract of B. vulgaris (BvRE). Berberine chloride in BvRE was found to be 10.29% w/w. To assess the prophylactic and curative protective effects of BvRE on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and hyperlipidemia, in vivo toxicity trials were carried out on 25 healthy male albino Wistar rats (130-180 g). Both prophylactic and curative trials included a single dose of cisplatin (4 mg/kg, i.p.) and nine doses of BvRE (500 mg/kg/day, orally). An array of marked toxicity effects appeared in response to cisplatin dosage evident by morphological condition, biochemical analysis of serum (urea, creatinine, total protein, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, total cholesterol, and triglyceride), and organ tissue homogenates (malondialdehyde and catalase). Statistically-significant (p < 0.05) variations were observed in various parameters. Moreover, histological studies of liver and kidney tissues revealed that the protective effect of BvRE effectively minimized and reversed nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, and hyperlipidemic effects caused by cisplatin in both prophylactic and curative groups with relatively promising ameliorative effects in the prophylactic regimen. The in vitro cell viability effect of cisplatin, BvRE, and their combination was determined on HeLa cells using the tetrazolium (MTT) assay. MTT clearly corroborated that HeLa cells appeared to be less sensitive to cisplatin and berberine individually, while the combination of both at the same concentrations resulted in growth inhibition of HeLa cells in a remarkable synergistic way. The present study validated the use of BvRE as a protective agent in combination therapy with cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarfraz Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Amina Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Aroosha Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Iskandar Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Sajjad Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Matheus Froeyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Muhammad Usman Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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24
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Rehan M, Bajouh OS. Virtual screening of naphthoquinone analogs for potent inhibitors against the cancer-signaling PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1328-1339. [PMID: 30298630 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is one of the most commonly disrupted signaling pathways that plays a role in the development and pathogenicity of multiple cancers. Therefore, the critical proteins of this pathway have been targeted for anticancer therapy. The scientific community has increasingly been realizing the anti-cancer therapeutic potential of naphthoquinone analogs. These compounds constitute a major class of diverse sets of plant metabolites, which include various natural products and synthetic compounds with proven anticancer activity. The current study involved structural computational biology approaches to explore compounds from a diverse pool of naphthoquinone analogs that can inhibit key cancer-signaling proteins phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B, PKB (AKT), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The novel compound identified commonly among the top 10 dock score lists of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR was selected for further study and proposed as a potential inhibitor of the 3 cancer-signaling proteins and an anticancer agent. Further, to check the docking accuracy and potential of the compound, post docking analyses, namely, binding comparison with the native ligand, the role of the interacting residue role in binding, predicted binding energy and dissociation constant calculations, etc., were performed. All these measures showed good-quality binding, and thus provide weight to our prediction of the novel compound as a pan PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitor and an anticancer agent. Finally, to compare the binding and similarity in the active sites of the 3 protein kinases, a ligand-based active site alignment was performed and analyzed. Thus, the study proposed a novel naphthoquinone analog as a potential anticancer drug, and provided comparative structural insight into its binding to the 3 protein kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Rehan
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama S Bajouh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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25
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Garces AE, Stocks MJ. Class 1 PI3K Clinical Candidates and Recent Inhibitor Design Strategies: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. J Med Chem 2018; 62:4815-4850. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aimie E. Garces
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University Park Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Michael J. Stocks
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University Park Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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26
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Wang W, Liao L, Wang Y, Li H, Suo Z, Long K, Tang P. Preclinical evaluation of novel PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor SN202 as potential anti-renal cancer agent. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:1015-1022. [PMID: 29799306 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1470733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The PI3K/mTOR pathway is one of the most frequently aberrantly activated pathways in human malignancies, such as renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and contributes to resistance to antitumor therapies. Thus, PI3K/mTOR is an attractive target for the development of antitumor agents. In this study, we evaluated the preclinical effects of a novel inhibitor SN202. We examined Akt/mTOR activities in renal cancer cells after SN202 treatment. The preclinical effects of SN202 on tumor growth were evaluated in renal cancer cells in vitro and in murine xenografts in vivo. SN202 inhibits PI3Kα, PI3Kγ, and mTOR, the corresponding IC50 values were 3.2, 3.3, and 1.2 nM, respectively. In A498, 786-0, and ACHN renal cancer cell lines, SN202 inhibits cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and significantly inhibits 786-0 cell growth. Western blot analysis revealed that SN202 decreases the phosphorylation of PI3K downstream signaling molecules, Akt and S6K, in 786-0 renal cancer cells. Furthermore, oral administration of SN202 results in significant inhibition in human renal carcinoma xenografts in nude mice and favourable pharmacokinetic properties in rats. These results suggest that SN202 might be a promising therapeutic agent against RCC as a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Wang
- a College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Lidong Liao
- b Sichuan Sinovation Bio-technology Co., LTD , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Yujun Wang
- b Sichuan Sinovation Bio-technology Co., LTD , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Hui Li
- a College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Zili Suo
- a College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Kai Long
- b Sichuan Sinovation Bio-technology Co., LTD , Chengdu , PR China
| | - Peixiao Tang
- a College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China
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27
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Liu L, Shi B, Li X, Wang X, Lu X, Cai X, Huang A, Luo G, You Q, Xiang H. Design and synthesis of benzofuro[3,2-b]pyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives as anti-leukemia agents by inhibiting Btk and PI3Kδ. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4537-4543. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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28
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Fan YH, Ding HW, Liu DD, Song HR, Xu YN, Wang J. Novel 4-aminoquinazoline derivatives induce growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via PI3Kα inhibition. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:1675-1685. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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29
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Liu Y, Wan WZ, Li Y, Zhou GL, Liu XG. Recent development of ATP-competitive small molecule phosphatidylinostitol-3-kinase inhibitors as anticancer agents. Oncotarget 2018; 8:7181-7200. [PMID: 27769061 PMCID: PMC5351699 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinostitol-3-kinase (PI3K) is the potential anticancer target in the PI3K/Akt/ mTOR pathway. Here we reviewed the ATP-competitive small molecule PI3K inhibitors in the past few years, including the pan Class I PI3K inhibitors, the isoform-specific PI3K inhibitors and/or the PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, P. R. China.,Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Zhu Wan
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Guan-Lian Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Guang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
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30
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Generation of tricyclic imidazo[1,2- a ]pyrazines as novel PI3K inhibitors by application of a conformational restriction strategy. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2536-2543. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.03.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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31
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Almond-Thynne J, Blakemore DC, Pryde DC, Spivey AC. Site-selective Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of heteroaryl halides - understanding the trends for pharmaceutically important classes. Chem Sci 2017; 8:40-62. [PMID: 28451148 PMCID: PMC5304707 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02118b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of heteroaryl polyhalides with aryl boronates are surveyed. Drawing on data from literature sources as well as bespoke searches of Pfizer's global chemistry RKB and CAS Scifinder® databases, the factors that determine the site-selectivity of these reactions are discussed with a view to rationalising the trends found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Almond-Thynne
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , South Kensington Campus , London , SW& 2AZ , UK .
| | - David C Blakemore
- Pfizer Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry , The Portway Building, Granta Park, Great Abington , Cambridge , CB21 6GS , UK
| | - David C Pryde
- Pfizer Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry , The Portway Building, Granta Park, Great Abington , Cambridge , CB21 6GS , UK
| | - Alan C Spivey
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , South Kensington Campus , London , SW& 2AZ , UK .
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32
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Zhang J, Ma X, Lv X, Li M, Zhao Y, Liu G, Zhan S. Identification of 3-amidoquinoline derivatives as PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitors with potential for cancer therapy. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26971k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of 3-amidoquinoline derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation
- Hangzhou Xixi Hospital
- Hangzhou 310023
- China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine
- Hefei 230031
- China
| | - Xiaoqing Lv
- College of Medicine
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001
- China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Medicine
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001
- China
| | - Yanmei Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation
- Hangzhou Xixi Hospital
- Hangzhou 310023
- China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- College of Medicine
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001
- China
| | - Shuyu Zhan
- College of Medicine
- Jiaxing University
- Jiaxing 314001
- China
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33
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6-Aryl substituted 4-(4-cyanomethyl) phenylamino quinazolines as a new class of isoform-selective PI3K-alpha inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:731-743. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Synthesis and antitumor activity evaluation of 4,6-disubstituted quinazoline derivatives as novel PI3K inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4408-4413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Chen D, Mao C, Zhou Y, Su Y, Liu S, Qi WQ. PF-04691502, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor has potent pre-clinical activity by inducing apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest in aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Int J Oncol 2015; 48:253-60. [PMID: 26549638 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is activated in a variety of human tumors including B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). Targeting this pathway has been validated in solid and hematological tumors. In the present study, we demonstrated that PF-04691502, a novel PI3K/mTOR inhibitor has potent activity in a panel of aggressive B-NHL cell lines including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). MTS analysis showed that PF-04691502 effectively inhibited cell proliferation with IC50 values ranging from 0.12 to 0.55 µM. Cells treated with PF-04691502 exhibited decreased phosphorylation of Akt and S6 ribosomal protein confirming the mechanism of action of a PI3K/mTOR inhibitor. Also, treatment of B-NHL cell lines with PF-04691502 induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, PF-04691502 significantly induced G1 cell cycle arrest associated with a decrease in cyclin D1 which contributed to suppression of cell proliferation. Finally, rituximab enhanced apoptosis induced by PF-04691502. Taken together, our findings provide for the first time that PF-04691502 inhibits the constitutively activated PI3K/mTOR pathway in aggressive B-cell NHL cell lines associated with inhibition of cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and promotion of apoptosis. These findings suggest that PF-04691502 is a novel therapeutic strategy in aggressive B-cell NHL and warrants early phase clinical trial evaluation with and without rituximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyu Chen
- Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Chaoming Mao
- Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yuepeng Zhou
- Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Su
- Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Shenzha Liu
- Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Qing Qi
- Institute of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
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A structural insight into the inhibitory mechanism of an orally active PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor, PKI-179 using computational approaches. J Mol Graph Model 2015; 62:226-234. [PMID: 26500112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway has been identified as an important target for cancer therapy. Attempts are increasingly made to design the inhibitors against the key proteins of this pathway for anti-cancer therapy. The PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitors have proved more effective than the inhibitors against only single protein targets. Recently discovered PKI-179, an orally effective compound, is one such dual inhibitor targeting both PI3K and mTOR. This anti-cancer compound is efficacious both in vitro and in vivo. However, the binding mechanisms and the molecular interactions of PKI-179 with PI3K and mTOR are not yet available. The current study investigated the exact binding mode and the molecular interactions of PKI-179 with PI3Kγ and mTOR using molecular docking and (un)binding simulation analyses. The study identified PKI-179 interacting residues of both the proteins and their importance in binding was ranked by the loss in accessible surface area, number of molecular interactions of the residue, and consistent appearance of the residue in (un)binding simulation analysis. The key residues involved in binding of PKI-179 were Ala-805 in PI3Kγ and Ile-2163 in mTOR as they have lost maximum accessible surface area due to binding. In addition, the residues which played a role in binding of the drug but were away from the catalytic site were also identified using (un)binding simulation analyses. Finally, comparison of the interacting residues in the respective catalytic sites was done for the difference in the binding of the drug to the two proteins. Thus, the pairs of the residues falling at the similar location with respect to the docked drug were identified. The striking similarity in the interacting residues of the catalytic site explains the concomitant inhibition of both proteins by a number of inhibitors. In conclusion, the docking and (un)binding simulation analyses of dual inhibitor PKI-179 with PI3K and mTOR will provide a suitable multi-target model for studying drug-protein interactions and thus help in designing the novel drugs with higher potency.
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Xie XX, Li H, Wang J, Mao S, Xin MH, Lu SM, Mei QB, Zhang SQ. Synthesis and anticancer effects evaluation of 1-alkyl-3-(6-(2-methoxy-3-sulfonylaminopyridin-5-yl)benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)urea as anticancer agents with low toxicity. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6477-85. [PMID: 26321603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As a PI3K and mTOR dual inhibitor, N-(2-chloro-5-(2-acetylaminobenzo[d]thiazol-6-yl)pyridin-3-yl)-4-fluorophenylsulfonamide displays toxicity when orally administrated. In the present study, alkylurea moiety replaced the acetamide group in the compound and a series of 1-alkyl-3-(6-(2,3-disubstituted pyridin-5-yl)benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)urea derivatives were synthesized. The antiproliferative activities of the synthesized compounds in vitro were evaluated against HCT116, MCF-7, U87 MG and A549 cell lines. The compounds with potent antiproliferative activity were tested for their acute oral toxicity and inhibitory activity against PI3Ks and mTORC1. The results indicate that the compound attached a 2-(dialkylamino)ethylurea moiety at the 2-positeion of benzothiazole can retain the antiproliferative activity and inhibitory activity against PI3K and mTOR. In addition, their acute oral toxicity reduced dramatically. Moreover, compound 2f can effectively inhibit tumor growth in a mice S180 homograft model. These findings suggest that 1-(2-dialkylaminoethyl)-3-(6-(2-methoxy-3-sulfonylaminopyridin-5-yl)benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)urea derivatives can serve as potent PI3K inhibitors and anticancer agents with low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Xie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Juan Wang
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, PR China
| | - Shuai Mao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Min-Hang Xin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - She-Min Lu
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Qi-Bing Mei
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, PR China
| | - San-Qi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
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Detchokul S, Frauman AG. Editorial: cell movement. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 171:5459-61. [PMID: 25442220 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cell movement is a fundamental process of normal cellular physiology and pathophysiology. Abnormal regulation of cell migration is a common denominator of many medical disorders, including cancer metastasis, autoimmune disease and inflammation. Increased interest in the targeting of cell migration and invasion, which has potential for therapeutic intervention in many diseases are behind this special themed issue. Thus, the focus of this issue is centred on the control of cellular cytoskeletal dynamics and cellular or tissue microenvironment sensors. Novel therapeutic opportunities targeting regulation of cell migration are discussed including the emerging roles of tetraspanins, phosphoinositides, transient receptor potential cation channels, stromal interaction molecules and calcium release-activated calcium modulators. Better understanding of these regulatory factors will hopefully bring greater attention to strategically targeting aberrant cell migration, which has many therapeutic implications for common human diseases. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Cytoskeleton, Extracellular Matrix, Cell Migration, Wound Healing and Related Topics. To view the other articles in this section visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.2014.171.issue-24
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Affiliation(s)
- S Detchokul
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Unit, Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
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Wang XM, Xin MH, Xu J, Kang BR, Li Y, Lu SM, Zhang SQ. Synthesis and antitumor activities evaluation of m-(4-morpholinoquinazolin-2-yl)benzamides in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 96:382-95. [PMID: 25911625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a series of m-(4-morpholinoquinazolin-2-yl)benzamides were designed, synthesized and characterized. The antiproliferative activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against two human cell lines (HCT-116 and MCF-7). Compounds with IC50 values below 4 μM were further evaluated against U-87 MG and A549 cell lines. Among these evaluated compounds, compound T10 displayed a remarkable antiproliferative effect in vitro. The hoechst staining assay showed that compound T10 caused morphological changes. The cell cycle and apoptosis assay further indicated that compound T10 can arrest HCT-116 cells in G2/M and G0/G1 phase and induce apoptosis. PI3K enzyme assays indicated that compounds T7 and T10 selectively inhibit PI3Kα. A Western bolt assay further suggested that compound T10 can block the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Moreover, compound T10 inhibited tumor growth on a mice S180 homograft model. These findings directly identify m-(4-morpholinoquinazolin-2-yl)benzamide derivatives as novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Meng Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Min-Hang Xin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Bo-Rui Kang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - She-Min Lu
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi 710061, PR China
| | - San-Qi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
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Wang XM, Xu J, Xin MH, Lu SM, Zhang SQ. Design, synthesis and antiproliferative activity evaluation of m -(4-morpholinyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)benzamides in vitro. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:1730-1735. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Watanabe M, Kasai M, Tomizawa H, Aoki M, Eiho K, Isobe Y, Asano S. Dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines: Selective Toll-Like Receptor 9 Antagonists from Scaffold Morphing Efforts. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:1235-9. [PMID: 25408837 DOI: 10.1021/ml5003184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play important roles in the innate immune system. In fact, recognition of endogenous immune complexes containing self-nucleic acids as pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns contributes to certain autoimmune diseases, and inhibition of these recognition signals is expected to have therapeutic value. We identified dihydropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as novel selective TLR9 antagonists with high aqueous solubility. A structure-activity relationship study of a known TLR9 antagonist led to the promising compound 18, which showed potent TLR9 antagonistic activity, sufficient aqueous solubility for parenteral formulation, and druggable properties. Compound 18 suppressed the production of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 in CpG-induced mouse model. It is therefore believed that compound 18 has great potential in the treatment of TLR9-mediated systemic uncontrollable inflammatory response like sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Watanabe
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade Naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Mai Kasai
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade Naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tomizawa
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade Naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Aoki
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade Naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Kazuo Eiho
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade Naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Isobe
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugade Naka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Asano
- Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., 33-94 Enoki-cho, Suita, Osaka 564-0053, Japan
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Li H, Wang XM, Wang J, Shao T, Li YP, Mei QB, Lu SM, Zhang SQ. Combination of 2-methoxy-3-phenylsulfonylaminobenzamide and 2-aminobenzothiazole to discover novel anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3739-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Seixas JD, Luengo-Arratta SA, Diaz R, Saldivia M, Rojas-Barros DI, Manzano P, Gonzalez S, Berlanga M, Smith TK, Navarro M, Pollastri MP. Establishment of a structure-activity relationship of 1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinoline-based kinase inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 as a lead for African sleeping sickness. J Med Chem 2014; 57:4834-48. [PMID: 24805946 PMCID: PMC4099174 DOI: 10.1021/jm500361r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Compound
NVP-BEZ235 (1) is a potent inhibitor of human
phospoinositide-3-kinases and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)
that also showed high inhibitory potency against Trypanosoma
brucei cultures. With an eye toward using 1 as a starting point for anti-trypanosomal drug discovery, we report
efforts to reduce host cell toxicity, to improve the physicochemical
properties, and to improve the selectivity profile over human kinases.
In this work, we have developed structure–activity relationships
for analogues of 1 and have prepared analogues of 1 with improved solubility properties and good predicted central
nervous system exposure. In this way, we have identified 4e, 9, 16e, and 16g as the most
promising leads to date. We also report cell phenotype and phospholipidomic
studies that suggest that these compounds exert their anti-trypanosomal
effects, at least in part, by inhibition of lipid kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- João D Seixas
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Jamal MS, Parveen S, Beg MA, Suhail M, Chaudhary AGA, Damanhouri GA, Abuzenadah AM, Rehan M. Anticancer compound plumbagin and its molecular targets: a structural insight into the inhibitory mechanisms using computational approaches. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87309. [PMID: 24586269 PMCID: PMC3937309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) is a naphthoquinone derivative from the roots of plant Plumbago zeylanica and belongs to one of the largest and diverse groups of plant metabolites. The anticancer and antiproliferative activities of plumbagin have been observed in animal models as well as in cell cultures. Plumbagin exerts inhibitory effects on multiple cancer-signaling proteins, however, the binding mode and the molecular interactions have not yet been elucidated for most of these protein targets. The present study is the first attempt to provide structural insights into the binding mode of plumbagin to five cancer signaling proteins viz. PI3Kγ, AKT1/PKBα, Bcl-2, NF-κB, and Stat3 using molecular docking and (un)binding simulation analysis. We validated plumbagin docking to these targets with previously known important residues. The study also identified and characterized various novel interacting residues of these targets which mediate the binding of plumbagin. Moreover, the exact modes of inhibition when multiple mode of inhibition existed was also shown. Results indicated that the engaging of these important interacting residues in plumbagin binding leads to inhibition of these cancer-signaling proteins which are key players in the pathogenesis of cancer and thereby ceases the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S. Jamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadma Parveen
- Bareilly College, M.J.P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, U.P., India
| | - Mohd A. Beg
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Suhail
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeel G. A. Chaudhary
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A. Damanhouri
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel M. Abuzenadah
- KACST Technology Innovation Center in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Rehan
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
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Shao T, Wang J, Chen JG, Wang XM, Li H, Li YP, Li Y, Yang GD, Mei QB, Zhang SQ. Discovery of 2-methoxy-3-phenylsulfonamino-5-(quinazolin-6-yl or quinolin-6-yl)benzamides as novel PI3K inhibitors and anticancer agents by bioisostere. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 75:96-105. [PMID: 24530495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
2-Substituted-3-sulfonamino-5-(quinazolin-6-yl or quinolin-6-yl)benzamides have been proposed as novel structures of PI3K inhibitors and anticancer agents based on bioisostere. In the present study, 2-substituted-3-sulfonamino-5-(4-morpholinoquinazolin-6-yl)benzamides and 2-methoxy-3-sulfonamino-5-(4-morpholinoquinolin-6-yl)benzamides were synthesized. Their antiproliferative activities in vitro were evaluated via MTT assay against four human cancer cell lines, including A549, HCT-116, U-87 MG and KB. The SAR of the title compounds was preliminarily discussed. Compound 1a with potent antiproliferative activity was tested for its inhibitory activity against PI3K and mTOR and its effect on the AKT and p-AKT(473). The anticancer effect of 1a was evaluated in established nude mice U-87 MG xenograft model. The results suggest that compound 1a can significantly inhibit PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and tumor growth. These findings strongly support the assumption that title compounds are potent PI3K inhibitors and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Shao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Juan Wang
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, PR China
| | - Jian-Gang Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Xiao-Meng Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Guang-De Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Qi-Bing Mei
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, PR China.
| | - San-Qi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China.
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46
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Park H, Choe H, Hong S. Virtual screening and biochemical evaluation to identify new inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 24:835-8. [PMID: 24393580 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a promising target for the development of anticancer medicines. Here, we report the first example for a successful application of the structure-based virtual screening to identify new mTOR inhibitors. Using the scoring function improved by implementing the ligand solvation effects on protein-ligand association, six novel mTOR inhibitors are found with IC50 values ranging from 8 to 60 μM. Because these new inhibitors are also computationally screened for having desirable physicochemical properties as a drug candidate, they deserve consideration for further development by structure-activity relationship studies to optimize the inhibitory and anticancer activities. Structural features relevant to the stabilization of the inhibitors in the ATP-binding site of mTOR are addressed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwangseo Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 98 Kunja-Dong, Kwangjin-Ku, Seoul 143-747, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeonjeong Choe
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
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