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Brogly M, Bistac S, Bindel D. Adsorption and Structuration of PEG Thin Films: Influence of the Substrate Chemistry. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1244. [PMID: 38732713 PMCID: PMC11085855 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates polyethylene glycol (PEG) homopolymer thin film adsorption on gold surfaces of controlled surface chemistry. The conformational states of physisorbed PEG are analyzed through polarization modulation infrared reflection-absorption spectrometry (PM-IRRAS). The PM-IRRAS principle is based on specific optical selection rules allowing the detection of surface-specific FTIR response of thin polymer films on the basis of differential reflectivity at the polymer/substrate interface for p- and s-polarized light. The intensification of the electric field generated at the PEG/substrate interface for p-polarized IR light in comparison with s-polarized light permits the analysis of PEG chain anisotropy and conformational changes induced by the adsorption. Results showed that PEG adsorbs on model substrates having a rather hydrophilic character in a way that the PEG chains spread parallel to the surface. In the case of a very hydrophilic substrate, the adsorbed PEG chains are in a stable thermodynamic state which allows them to arrange and crystallize as stacked crystalline lamellae after adsorption. The surface topography and morphology of the PEG thin films were also investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). While in the bulk state, PEG crystallizes in the form of large spherulites; on substrates whose adsorption is favored by surface chemistry, PEG crystallizes in the form of stacked lamellae with a thickness equal to 20 nm. Conversely, on a hydrophobic substrate, the PEG chains do not crystallize and adsorption occurs in the statistical coil state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Brogly
- Laboratoire de Photochimie et d’Ingénierie Macromoléculaires, Université de Haute Alsace, 3b Rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse, France
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Tammam SN, El Safy S, Ramadan S, Arjune S, Krakor E, Mathur S. Repurpose but also (nano)-reformulate! The potential role of nanomedicine in the battle against SARS-CoV2. J Control Release 2021; 337:258-284. [PMID: 34293319 PMCID: PMC8289726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) has taken the world by surprise. To date, a worldwide approved treatment remains lacking and hence in the context of rapid viral spread and the growing need for rapid action, drug repurposing has emerged as one of the frontline strategies in the battle against SARS-CoV2. Repurposed drugs currently being evaluated against COVID-19 either tackle the replication and spread of SARS-CoV2 or they aim at controlling hyper-inflammation and the rampaged immune response in severe disease. In both cases, the target for such drugs resides in the lungs, at least during the period where treatment could still provide substantial clinical benefit to the patient. Yet, most of these drugs are administered systemically, questioning the percentage of administered drug that actually reaches the lung and as a consequence, the distribution of the remainder of the dose to off target sites. Inhalation therapy should allow higher concentrations of the drug in the lungs and lower concentrations systemically, hence providing a stronger, more localized action, with reduced adverse effects. Therefore, the nano-reformulation of the repurposed drugs for inhalation is a promising approach for targeted drug delivery to lungs. In this review, we critically analyze, what nanomedicine could and ought to do in the battle against SARS-CoV2. We start by a brief description of SARS-CoV2 structure and pathogenicity and move on to discuss the current limitations of repurposed antiviral and immune-modulating drugs that are being clinically investigated against COVID-19. This account focuses on how nanomedicine could address limitations of current therapeutics, enhancing the efficacy, specificity and safety of such drugs. With the appearance of new variants of SARS-CoV2 and the potential implication on the efficacy of vaccines and diagnostics, the presence of an effective therapeutic solution is inevitable and could be potentially achieved via nano-reformulation. The presence of an inhaled nano-platform capable of delivering antiviral or immunomodulatory drugs should be available as part of the repertoire in the fight against current and future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma N. Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt,Corresponding author
| | - Sara El Safy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shahenda Ramadan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo (GUC), 11835 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sita Arjune
- Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Krakor
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, , University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, , University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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Otte A, Sharifi F, Park K. Interfacial tension effects on the properties of PLGA microparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 196:111300. [PMID: 32919245 PMCID: PMC7708423 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Many types of long-acting injectables, including in situ forming implants, preformed implants, and polymeric microparticles, have been developed and ultimately benefited numerous patients. The advantages of using long-acting injectables include greater patient compliance and more steady state drug plasma levels for weeks and months. However, the development of long-acting polymeric microparticles has been hampered by the lack of understanding of the microparticle formation process, and thus, control of the process. Of the many parameters critical to the reproducible preparation of microparticles, the interfacial tension (IFT) effect is an important factor throughout the process. It may influence the droplet formation, solvent extraction, and drug distribution in the polymer matrix, and ultimately drug release kinetics from the microparticles. This mini-review is focused on the IFT effects on drug-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Otte
- Purdue University, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Farrokh Sharifi
- Purdue University, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Kinam Park
- Purdue University, Department of Pharmaceutics, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Chang JH, Chen PJ, Arul MR, Dutra EH, Nanda R, Kumbar SG, Yadav S. Injectable RANKL sustained release formulations to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement. Eur J Orthod 2020; 42:317-325. [PMID: 31147678 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjz027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) through biologically effective methods, such as increasing osteoclast-mediated alveolar resorption, could effectively shorten treatment time. OBJECTIVE To evaluate an injectable formulation containing receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) on the OTM. MATERIALS AND METHODS We fabricated a RANKL formulation from 100 µl of 100 µg/ml RANKL adsorbed on 10 mg of poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) microspheres embedded in a 10 wt% aqueous hydroxyethyl cellulose carrier gel. We characterized these formulations for the rate of RANKL release, and then tested for bioactivity using in vitro cell culture. In vivo OTM studies were conducted using 15 week old male Wistar rats for 14 days. We injected the RANKL formulations palatal to the left maxillary first molar and accomplished OTM with a nickel-titanium (NiTi) coil spring applying 5-8 g force. Control groups involved the application of NiTi coil spring with and without placebo formulation. The outcome measure included the distance of tooth movement, bone volume fraction, tissue density, and root volume determined with micro-computed tomography. We determined the amount of osteoclast activity using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. RESULTS These formulations were able to sustain the release of RANKL for more than 30 days, and the released RANKL showed a positive effect on mice osteoclast precursor cells (RAW 264.7). Reported injectable RANKL formulations were effective in accelerating OTM compared with other control groups, with 129.2 per cent more tooth movement than no formulation and 71.8 per cent more than placebo formulation, corresponding with a significant increase in the amount of TRAP activity. We did not observe any significant differences in root resorption between the groups. CONCLUSION Our study shows a significant increase in OTM with injectable formulations containing RANKL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy H Chang
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA
| | - Po-Jung Chen
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA
| | - Michael R Arul
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA.,Departments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA.,Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA
| | - Eliane H Dutra
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA
| | - Ravindra Nanda
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA
| | - Sangamesh G Kumbar
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA.,Departments of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA.,Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA
| | - Sumit Yadav
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA
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Su H, Xu F, Sun H, Fu X, Zhao Y. Preparation and Evaluation of BDNF Composite Conduits for Regeneration of Sciatic Nerve Defect in Rats. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:2189-2195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Gutiérrez A, Gomez J, Yarce CJ, Salamanca CH. Pre-formulation studies for water-dispersible powdered beverages using contact angles and wetting properties. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ho MT, Teal CJ, Shoichet MS. A hyaluronan/methylcellulose-based hydrogel for local cell and biomolecule delivery to the central nervous system. Brain Res Bull 2019; 148:46-54. [PMID: 30898580 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine strategies rely on exogenous cell transplantation and/or endogenous cell stimulation. Biomaterials can help to increase the regenerative potential of cells and biomolecules by controlling transplanted cell fate and provide a local, sustained release of biomolecules. In this review, we describe the use of a hyaluronan/methylcellulose (HAMC)-based hydrogel as a delivery vehicle to the brain, spinal cord, and retina to promote cellular survival and tissue repair. We discuss various controlled release strategies to prolong the delivery of factors for neuroprotection. The versatility of this hydrogel for a diversity of applications highlights its potential to enhance cell- and biomolecule-based treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret T Ho
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carter J Teal
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Molly S Shoichet
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Development of bi-polymer lipid hybrid nanocarrier (BLN) to improve the entrapment and stability of insulin for efficient oral delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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9
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Kacar G. Dissipative particle dynamics parameterization and simulations to predict negative volume excess and structure of PEG and water mixtures. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Controlled release of GAG-binding enhanced transduction (GET) peptides for sustained and highly efficient intracellular delivery. Acta Biomater 2017; 57:225-237. [PMID: 28457961 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Controlled release systems for therapeutic molecules are vital to allow the sustained local delivery of their activities which direct cell behaviour and enable novel regenerative strategies. Direct programming of cells using exogenously delivered transcription factors can by-pass growth factor signalling but there is still a requirement to deliver such activity spatio-temporally. We previously developed a technology termed GAG-binding enhanced transduction (GET) to efficiently deliver a variety of cargoes intracellularly, using GAG-binding domains which promote cell targeting, and cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) which allow cell entry. Herein we demonstrate that GET system can be used in controlled release systems to mediate sustained intracellular transduction over one week. We assessed the stability and activity of GET peptides in poly(dl-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles (MPs) prepared using a S/O/W double emulsion method. Efficient encapsulation (∼65%) and tailored protein release profiles could be achieved, however intracellular transduction was significantly inhibited post-release. To retain GET peptide activity we optimized a strategy of co-encapsulation of l-Histidine, which may form a complex with the PLGA degradation products under acidic conditions. Simulations of the polymer microclimate showed that hydrolytic acidic PLGA degradation products directly inhibited GET peptide transduction activity, and use of l-Histidine significantly enhanced released protein delivery. The ability to control the intracellular transduction of functional proteins into cells will facilitate new localized delivery methods and allow approaches to direct cellular behaviour for many regenerative medicine applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The goal for regenerative medicine is to restore functional biological tissue by controlling and augmenting cellular behaviour. Either Transcription (TFs) or growth factors (GFs) can be presented to cells in spatio-temporal gradients for programming cell fate and gene expression. Here, we have created a sustained and controlled release system for GET (Glycosaminoglycan-enhanced transducing)-tagged proteins using S/O/W PLGA microparticle fabrication. We demonstrated that PLGA and its acidic degradants inhibit GET-mediated transduction, which can be overcome by using pH-activated l-Histidine. l-Histidine inhibits the electrostatic interaction of GET/PLGA and allows enhanced intracellular transduction. GET could provide a powerful tool to program cell behaviour either in gradients or with sustained delivery. We believe that our controlled release systems will allow application of GET for tissue regeneration directly by TF cellular programming.
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11
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Development and evaluation of viscosity-enhanced nanocarrier (VEN) for oral insulin delivery. Int J Pharm 2016; 511:462-472. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 06/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Bock N, Dargaville TR, Kirby GTS, Hutmacher DW, Woodruff MA. Growth Factor-Loaded Microparticles for Tissue Engineering: The Discrepancies of In Vitro Characterization Assays. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2016; 22:142-154. [PMID: 26654547 PMCID: PMC4744875 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2015.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient and effective growth factor (GF) delivery is an ongoing challenge for tissue regeneration therapies. The accurate quantification of complex molecules such as GFs, encapsulated in polymeric delivery devices, is equally critical and just as complex as achieving efficient delivery of active GFs. In this study, GFs relevant to bone tissue formation, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7), were encapsulated, using the technique of electrospraying, into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles that contained poly(ethylene glycol) and trehalose to assist GF bioactivity. Typical quantification procedures, such as extraction and release assays using saline buffer, generated a significant degree of GF interactions, which impaired accurate assessment by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). When both dry BMP-7 and VEGF were processed with chloroform, as is the case during the electrospraying process, reduced concentrations of the GFs were detected by ELISA; however, the biological effect on myoblast cells (C2C12) or endothelial cells (HUVECs) was unaffected. When electrosprayed particles containing BMP-7 were cultured with preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1), significant cell differentiation into osteoblasts was observed up to 3 weeks in culture, as assessed by measuring alkaline phosphatase. In conclusion, this study showed how electrosprayed microparticles ensured efficient delivery of fully active GFs relevant to bone tissue engineering. Critically, it also highlights major discrepancies in quantifying GFs in polymeric microparticle systems when comparing ELISA with cell-based assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Bock
- Nanotechnology and Molecular Science Discipline, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
- Biomaterials and Tissue Morphology Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Tim R. Dargaville
- Nanotechnology and Molecular Science Discipline, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Giles T. S. Kirby
- Biomaterials and Tissue Morphology Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Dietmar W. Hutmacher
- Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Maria A. Woodruff
- Biomaterials and Tissue Morphology Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
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Elliott Donaghue I, Shoichet MS. Controlled release of bioactive PDGF-AA from a hydrogel/nanoparticle composite. Acta Biomater 2015; 25:35-42. [PMID: 26257128 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Polymer excipients, such as low molar mass poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), have shown contradictory effects on protein stability when co-encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles. To gain further insight into these effects, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-AA) was encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles with vs. without PEG. PDGF-AA is a particularly compelling protein, as it has been demonstrated to promote cell survival and induce the oligodendrocyte differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) both in vitro and in vivo. Here we show, for the first time, the controlled release of bioactive PDGF-AA from an injectable nanoparticle/hydrogel drug delivery system (DDS). PDGF-AA was encapsulated, with high efficiency, in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles, and its release from the drug delivery system was followed over 21 d. Interestingly, the co-encapsulation of low molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) increased the PDGF-AA loading but, unexpectedly, accelerated the aggregation of PDGF-AA, resulting in reduced activity and detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the absence of PEG, released PDGF-AA remained bioactive as demonstrated with NSPC oligodendrocyte differentiation, similar to positive controls, and significantly different from untreated controls. This work presents a novel delivery method for differentiation factors, such as PDGF-AA, and provides insights into the contradictory effects reported in the literature of excipients, such as PEG, on the loading and release of proteins from polymeric nanoparticles. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Previously, the polymer poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) has been used in many biomaterials applications, from surface coatings to the encapsulation of proteins. In this work, we demonstrate that, unexpectedly, low molecular weight PEG has a deleterious effect on the release of the encapsulated protein platelet-derived growth factor AA (PDGF-AA). We also demonstrate release of bioactive PDGF-AA (in the absence of PEG). Specifically, we demonstrate the differentiation of neural stem and progenitor cells to oligodendrocytes, similar to what is observed with the addition of fresh PDGFAA. A differentiated oligodendrocyte population is a key strategy in central nervous system regeneration. This work is the first demonstration of controlled PDGF-AA release, and also brings new insights to the broader field of protein encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irja Elliott Donaghue
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Molly S Shoichet
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Canada.
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Swed A, Cordonnier T, Dénarnaud A, Boyer C, Guicheux J, Weiss P, Boury F. Sustained release of TGF-β1 from biodegradable microparticles prepared by a new green process in CO2 medium. Int J Pharm 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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15
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Critical attributes of formulation and of elaboration process of PLGA-protein microparticles. Int J Pharm 2015; 480:27-36. [PMID: 25578370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Low drug loading, burst effect during release and drug inactivation account for the main drawbacks of protein microencapsulation in poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) matrix by the water-in oil-in water (W/O/W) solvent evaporation method. Thus, the current study was set to invest the critical attributes of formulation and of elaboration process which determine protein loading into microparticles as well as its further release, using albumin as protein model. NaCl concentration in the external aqueous phase, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentration and mostly viscosity of both the internal aqueous phase and the organic phase were critical attributes for improving drug loading, with polymer molecular weight and hydrophobicity likewise directly related to albumin loading. In such a way, when using 0.5% PVA as internal aqueous phase the highest albumin loading was achieved. Optimized microparticles exhibited a sustained in vitro release of albumin over 130 days. The influence of the microencapsulation process on albumin stability and biological activity was evaluated by carrying out cell proliferation assays on PC12 cells with albumin released from microparticles. Such assay demonstrated that the microencapsulation procedure optimized in this study did not affect the biological stability of the microencapsulated protein.
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Yu J, Wei X, Zhang L, Fang X, Yang T, Huang F, Liang W. Poly(ethylene glycol)-mediated conformational alteration of α-chymotrypsin prevents inactivation of insulin by stabilizing active intermediates. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:3361-70. [PMID: 24720816 DOI: 10.1021/mp500001n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Proteolytic enzymes in the gut represent one of the biggest barriers against oral delivery of therapeutic proteins and peptides. In the current study, we explored the effect of poly(ethylene glycol) 400 (PEG 400), a commonly used crowding agent, on insulin degradation mediated by α-chymotrypsin (α-CT). Without PEG 400, insulin was quickly cleaved by α-CT to generate inactive degradation products. In comparison, incorporation of PEG 400 resulted in reaction mixtures with retained biological activity. The analysis on the conformation of α-CT and the local environment of the enzyme's active site unraveled that PEG 400 altered the conformation of α-CT to prevent the inactivation of insulin via stabilization of active intermediates. These findings indicated that PEG 400 may provide a promising addition toward oral delivery of insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibing Yu
- Protein & Peptide Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China
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Ramburrun P, Kumar P, Choonara YE, Bijukumar D, du Toit LC, Pillay V. A review of bioactive release from nerve conduits as a neurotherapeutic strategy for neuronal growth in peripheral nerve injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:132350. [PMID: 25143934 PMCID: PMC4131113 DOI: 10.1155/2014/132350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve regeneration strategies employ the use of polymeric engineered nerve conduits encompassed with components of a delivery system. This allows for the controlled and sustained release of neurotrophic growth factors for the enhancement of the innate regenerative capacity of the injured nerves. This review article focuses on the delivery of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) and the importance of the parameters that control release kinetics in the delivery of optimal quantities of NTFs for improved therapeutic effect and prevention of dose dumping. Studies utilizing various controlled-release strategies, in attempt to obtain ideal release kinetics, have been reviewed in this paper. Release strategies discussed include affinity-based models, crosslinking techniques, and layer-by-layer technologies. Currently available synthetic hollow nerve conduits, an alternative to the nerve autografts, have proven to be successful in the bridging and regeneration of primarily the short transected nerve gaps in several patient cases. However, current research emphasizes on the development of more advanced nerve conduits able to simulate the effectiveness of the autograft which includes, in particular, the ability to deliver growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Ramburrun
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Yahya E. Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Divya Bijukumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Lisa C. du Toit
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
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Erdemli Ö, Özen S, Keskin D, Usanmaz A, Batu ED, Atilla B, Tezcaner A. In vitro evaluation of effects of sustained anti-TNF release from MPEG-PCL-MPEG and PCL microspheres on human rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes. J Biomater Appl 2014; 29:524-42. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328214535958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Anti-tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) drugs such as etanercept (ETN) have been mostly used in systemic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. To eliminate the side effects in long-term treatments and to achieve a local sustained anti-inflammatory effect, a controlled drug delivery system is needed for anti-TNFα drugs. This study aims to develop novel injectable microcarriers of ETN that can provide long-term controlled release of this protein drug upon intra-articular application. In this study, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and its copolymer with poly(ethylene glycol), methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone)-methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) microspheres (MPEG-PCL-MPEG) were compared for their prospective success in rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Microspheres with smooth surface of a mean particle diameter of approximately 5 μm were prepared with both polymers. MPEG-PCL-MPEG microspheres had higher encapsulation efficiency than PCL microspheres. The activity of encapsulated ETN within MPEG-PCL-MPEG microspheres also retained while 90% of the activity of ETN within PCL microspheres could retain during 90-day release. MPEG-PCL-MPEG microspheres showed faster ETN release compared to PCL microspheres in various release media. Cumulative amounts of ETN released from both types of microspheres were significantly lower in cell culture medium and in synovial fluids than in phosphate buffered saline. This was mainly due to protein adsorption onto microspheres. Hydrophilic MPEG segment enhanced ETN release while preventing protein adsorption on microspheres compared to PCL. Sustained ETN release from microspheres resulted with a significant decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IFNγ, IL-6, IL-17) and MMP levels (MMP-3, MMP-13), while conserving viability of fibroblast-like synoviocytes compared to the free drug. Results suggest that MPEG-PCL-MPEG is a potential copolymer of PCL that can be used in development of biomedical materials for effective local treatment purposes in chronic inflammatory arthritis owing to enhanced hydrophilicity. Yet, PCL microspheres are also promising systems having good compatibility to synoviocytes and would be especially the choice for treatment approach requiring longer term and slower release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Erdemli
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seza Özen
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Keskin
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center of Excellence, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Usanmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Deniz Batu
- Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bülent Atilla
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Hacettepe University, Turkey
| | - Ayşen Tezcaner
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center of Excellence, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
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19
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Characteristics and release profiles of MPEG-PCL-MPEG microspheres containing immunoglobulin G. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 117:487-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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20
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Bock N, Dargaville TR, Woodruff MA. Controlling microencapsulation and release of micronized proteins using poly(ethylene glycol) and electrospraying. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 87:366-77. [PMID: 24657821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication of tailored microparticles for delivery of therapeutics is a challenge relying upon a complex interplay between processing parameters and materials properties. The emerging use of electrospraying allows better tailoring of particle morphologies and sizes than current techniques, critical to reproducible release profiles. While dry encapsulation of proteins is essential for the release of active therapeutics from microparticles, it is currently uncharacterized in electrospraying. To this end, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was assessed as a micronizing and solubilizing agent for dry protein encapsulation and release from electrosprayed particles made from polycaprolactone (PCL). The physical effect of PEG in protein-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) particles was also studied, for comparison. The addition of 5-15 wt% PEG 6 kDa or 35 kDa resulted in reduced PCL particle sizes and broadened distributions, which could be improved by tailoring the electrospraying processing parameters, namely by reducing polymer concentration and increasing flow rate. Upon micronization, protein particle size was reduced to the micrometer domain, resulting in homogenous encapsulation in electrosprayed PCL microparticles. Microparticle size distributions were shown to be the most determinant factor for protein release by diffusion and allowed specific control of release patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Bock
- Tissue Repair and Regeneration Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Australia; Biomaterials and Tissue Morphology Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Australia; Regenerative Medicine Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Australia.
| | - Tim R Dargaville
- Tissue Repair and Regeneration Program, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Maria A Woodruff
- Biomaterials and Tissue Morphology Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Australia
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21
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Controlled release of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor from poly(ε-caprolactone) microspheres. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2014; 4:159-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-013-0189-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Ishimoto T, Jigawa K, Henares TG, Sueyoshi K, Endo T, Hisamoto H. Efficient immobilization of the enzyme and substrate for a single-step caspase-3 inhibitor assay using a combinable PDMS capillary sensor array. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46976j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspase-3 inhibitor assay was successfully integrated into “single-step” by solving the problem of low-activity enzyme immobilization by using a combinable poly(dimethylsiloxane) capillary (CPC) sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Ishimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai City, Japan
| | - Kaede Jigawa
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai City, Japan
| | - Terence G. Henares
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai City, Japan
| | - Kenji Sueyoshi
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai City, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Endo
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai City, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hisamoto
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai City, Japan
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23
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Polyethylene glycol as an alternative polymer solvent for nanoparticle preparation. Int J Pharm 2013; 456:135-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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24
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The protective effect of albumin on bevacizumab activity and stability in PLGA nanoparticles intended for retinal and choroidal neovascularization treatments. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 50:341-52. [PMID: 23933615 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The rapidly growing applications of antibody-based therapeutics requires novel approaches to develop efficient drug delivery systems in which biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles are amongst the best candidates. In the present study bevacizumab loaded PLGA nanoparticles were formulated by water-in-oil-in-water emulsion method. Protein inactivation and aggregation are the major drawbacks of this technique. Therefore protective ability of various stabilizers was studied during entrapment process. Probable changes in VEGF₁₆₅ binding capability of bevacizumab was assayed by ELISA which portrays the antibody's bio-efficiency. Probable breakage of bevacizumab and its secondary and tertiary structural integrity upon entrapment were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and circular dichroism spectroscopy, respectively. In vitro and ex vivo released bevacizumab from the prepared nanoparticles was also investigated. Results revealed that the protein interfacial adsorption is the foremost destabilizing factor in the double emulsion method and incorporation of appropriate concentrations of albumin could protect bevacizumab against entrapment stress. Ex vivo release results, in rabbit vitreous, indicated the ability of prepared nanoparticles in prolonged release of the active antibody. Consequently this approach was an attempt to achieve sustained release PLGA nanoparticle formulation with the aim of protecting integrity and performance of entrapped bevacizumab.
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25
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Functionalized PLGA-doped zirconium oxide ceramics for bone tissue regeneration. Biomed Microdevices 2013; 15:1055-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-013-9797-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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26
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Tran MK, Hassani L, Calvignac B, Beuvier T, Hindré F, Boury F. Lysozyme encapsulation within PLGA and CaCO3 microparticles using supercritical CO2 medium. J Supercrit Fluids 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2013.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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27
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Briggs T, Arinzeh TL. Examining the formulation of emulsion electrospinning for improving the release of bioactive proteins from electrospun fibers. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:674-84. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tonye Briggs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; New Jersey Institute of Technology; University Heights; 614 Fenster Hall Newark New Jersey 07102
| | - Treena Livingston Arinzeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; New Jersey Institute of Technology; University Heights; 614 Fenster Hall Newark New Jersey 07102
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28
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Sun H, Xu F, Guo D, Liu G. In vitro evaluation of the effects of various additives and polymers on nerve growth factor microspheres. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:452-7. [PMID: 23565585 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.767829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of various additives or polymers on the in vitro characteristics of nerve growth factor (NGF) microspheres. MATERIALS AND METHODS NGF microspheres were fabricated using polyethylene glycol (PEG), ovalbumin (OVA), bovine serum albumin (BSA) or glucose as protein protectors, and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) or poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/PLGA blends as encapsulation materials. RESULTS Encapsulation efficiencies of the NGF microspheres with various additives or polymers were not more than 30%. A comparative study revealed that OVA was somewhat superior over others, and was thus chosen as the protective additive in subsequent experiments. Polymer analysis showed that NGF release from 1:1 PLA (η = 0.8):PLGA (75/25, η = 0.45) microspheres lasted for 90 d with a burst release rate of 12.7%. About 40% of the original bioactivity was retained on the 28th day, while 10% was left on the 90th day. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The combination of OVA as an additive and the PLA/PLGA blend as the coating matrix is suitable for encapsulation of NGF in microspheres for extended release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayan Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
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29
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White LJ, Kirby GTS, Cox HC, Qodratnama R, Qutachi O, Rose FRAJ, Shakesheff KM. Accelerating protein release from microparticles for regenerative medicine applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2013; 33:2578-83. [PMID: 23623071 PMCID: PMC3654200 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
There is a need to control the spatio-temporal release kinetics of growth factors in order to mitigate current usage of high doses. A novel delivery system, capable of providing both structural support and controlled release kinetics, has been developed from PLGA microparticles. The inclusion of a hydrophilic PLGA–PEG–PLGA triblock copolymer altered release kinetics such that they were decoupled from polymer degradation. A quasi zero order release profile over four weeks was produced using 10% w/w PLGA–PEG–PLGA with 50:50 PLGA whereas complete and sustained release was achieved over ten days using 30% w/w PLGA–PEG–PLGA with 85:15 PLGA and over four days using 30% w/w PLGA–PEG–PLGA with 50:50 PLGA. These three formulations are promising candidates for delivery of growth factors such as BMP-2, PDGF and VEGF. Release profiles were also modified by mixing microparticles of two different formulations providing another route, not previously reported, for controlling release kinetics. This system provides customisable, localised and controlled delivery with adjustable release profiles, which will improve the efficacy and safety of recombinant growth factor delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J White
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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30
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Stanwick JC, Baumann MD, Shoichet MS. Enhanced neurotrophin-3 bioactivity and release from a nanoparticle-loaded composite hydrogel. J Control Release 2012; 160:666-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Kuo CF, Tsao N, Chou HH, Liu YL, Hsieh WC. Release of FITC-BSA from poly(l-lactic acid) microspheres analysis using flow cytometry. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 89:271-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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32
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Pinholt C, Hartvig RA, Medlicott NJ, Jorgensen L. The importance of interfaces in protein drug delivery – why is protein adsorption of interest in pharmaceutical formulations? Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:949-64. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.577062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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33
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Tewes F, Tajber L, Corrigan O, Ehrhardt C, Healy A. Development and characterisation of soluble polymeric particles for pulmonary peptide delivery. Eur J Pharm Sci 2010; 41:337-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2010.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Revised: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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34
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Lochmann A, Nitzsche H, von Einem S, Schwarz E, Mäder K. The influence of covalently linked and free polyethylene glycol on the structural and release properties of rhBMP-2 loaded microspheres. J Control Release 2010; 147:92-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Revised: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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Chu Y, Yu D, Wang P, Xu J, Li D, Ding M. Nanotechnology promotes the full-thickness diabetic wound healing effect of recombinant human epidermal growth factor in diabetic rats. Wound Repair Regen 2010; 18:499-505. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-475x.2010.00612.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Soderquist RG, Milligan ED, Harrison JA, Chavez RA, Johnson KW, Watkins LR, Mahoney MJ. PEGylation of interleukin-10 for the mitigation of enhanced pain states. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 93:1169-79. [PMID: 19768789 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) shows promise for the treatment of neuropathic pain, but for IL-10 to be clinically useful as a short-term therapeutic its duration needs to be improved. In this study, IL-10 was covalently modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) with the goal of stabilizing and increasing protein levels in the CSF to improve the efficacy of IL-10 for treating neuropathic pain. Two different PEGylation methods were explored in vitro to identify suitable PEGylated IL-10 products for subsequent in vivo testing. PEGylation of IL-10 by acylation yielded a highly PEGylated product with a 35-fold in vitro biological activity reduction. PEGylation of IL-10 by reductive amination yielded products with a minimal number of PEG molecules attached and in vitro biological activity reductions of approximately 3-fold. In vivo collections of cerebrospinal fluid after intrathecal administration demonstrated that 20 kDa PEG attachment to IL-10 increased the concentration of IL-10 in the cerebrospinal fluid over time. Relative to unmodified IL-10, the 20 kDa PEG-IL-10 product exhibited an increased therapeutic duration and magnitude in an animal model of neuropathic pain. This suggests that PEGylation is a viable strategy for the short-term treatment or, in conjunction with other approaches, the long-term treatment of enhanced pain states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan G Soderquist
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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37
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Ibrahim MA. Assessment of insulin stability inside diblock copolymer PEG-PLA microspheres. Sci Pharm 2010; 78:493-505. [PMID: 21179361 PMCID: PMC3002814 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1002-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-loaded PEG2-PLA40 and PEG5-PLA20 microspheres containing 5% bovine insulin were manufactured using single emulsion and w/o/w multiple emulsion-solvent evaporation techniques. Microspheres were characterized for their insulin encapsulation efficiency and release characteristics in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.4 and 37 °C. Moreover, the stability of the peptide during 18 days of release was evaluated using HPLC and HPLC-MS techniques. The results showed that the loading efficiencies were higher in case of insulin loaded PEG2-PLA40 and PEG5-PLA20 microspheres prepared by single emulsion emulsion-solvent evaporation technique. Insulin release was characterized by an initial burst, which was attributed to the amount of protein located on or close to the microsphere surface. The total ion chromatogram (TIC) of insulin samples extracted after 6, 12 and 18 days of PEG2-PLA40 microspheres erosion showed that insulin was intact inside the eroding microspheres. In addition, only small amounts of protein undergo degradation under these conditions (only 11.69% ± 1.13 of the initially loaded insulin loading were detected as degradation products after 18 days. Mass spectra recorded at these retention times confirmed the presence of insulin with a molar mass of 5734 Da and other two products of molar masses of 5587 Da and 5487 Da.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abbas Ibrahim
- Kayyali Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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38
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Paillard-Giteau A, Tran V, Thomas O, Garric X, Coudane J, Marchal S, Chourpa I, Benoît J, Montero-Menei C, Venier-Julienne M. Effect of various additives and polymers on lysozyme release from PLGA microspheres prepared by an s/o/w emulsion technique. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2010; 75:128-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2009] [Revised: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 03/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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39
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Bertram JP, Rauch MF, Chang K, Lavik EB. Using polymer chemistry to modulate the delivery of neurotrophic factors from degradable microspheres: delivery of BDNF. Pharm Res 2009; 27:82-91. [PMID: 19921405 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-009-0009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in neuroprotection and repair, but long-term delivery from polymer systems has been challenging. We investigated the role the chemistry of the polymer played in loading and delivery of BDNF via microspheres, which are suitable for minimally invasive administration. METHODS We synthesized polymers based on PLGA and PEG to determine what components augmented loading and delivery. We characterized microspheres fabricated from these polymers using a battery of tests, including sizing, in vitro release, and bioactivity of the BDNF using PC12 cells engineered to express the trkB receptor. RESULTS We found that a triblock polymer of PLGA, PLL, and PEG led to the delivery of BDNF for periods of time greater than 60 days and that the BDNF delivered was bioactive. The microsphere size was amendable to injection via a 30 gauge needle, allowing minimally invasive delivery. CONCLUSIONS PLGA-PLL-PEG leads to greater loading and longer-term delivery of BDNF than PLGA or a blend of the polymers. We hypothesize that the introduction of an amphiphilic PLGA-based polymer increases the interaction of the BDNF with the polymer and leads to release that more closely correlates with the degradation of the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Bertram
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, 55 Prospect Street, Malone Engineering Center, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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40
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Malzert-Fréon A, Schönhammer K, Benoît JP, Boury F. Interactions between poly(ethylene glycol) and protein in dichloromethane/water emulsions. 2. Conditions required to obtain spontaneous emulsification allowing the formation of bioresorbable poly(D,L lactic acid) microparticles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2009; 73:66-73. [PMID: 19427379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2009.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Revised: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
From microscopic observations, it was established that an oil-in-water emulsion with droplets of a size in the micrometer range can spontaneously form at room temperature without additional external stirring as soon as a solvent that is only partly miscible to water-like dichloromethane (DCM) is put in contact with an aqueous mixture of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and a protein. Experimental results show that emulsification only occurs if the system simultaneously includes PEG with middle chain, an organic solvent partly miscible to water and for which PEG affinity is sufficiently high, and a protein. From adsorption kinetics, it appears that this spontaneous emulsification process is related to the rapid diffusion of DCM towards water through the formation of interfacial turbulences, once the accumulation of PEG close to the DCM/water interface occurs. The oil droplets formed would be then stabilized by adsorbed protein molecules. Since the presence of polylactic acid in the organic phase did not prevent the emulsion formation, we studied the feasibility of formulating microparticles using this polymer. From results, it appears that microcapsules with a polymeric shell, with a homogeneous size of about 50 microm and able to encapsulate a model hydrophobic drug, such as amiodarone, can be obtained by using this spontaneous emulsification method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Malzert-Fréon
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, UPRES EA 4258, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, Bd Becquerel, 14032 Caen, France.
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41
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Emami J, Hamishehkar H, Najafabadi AR, Gilani K, Minaiyan M, Mahdavi H, Nokhodchi A. A Novel Approach to Prepare Insulin-Loaded Poly (Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Microcapsules and the Protein Stability Study. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:1712-31. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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42
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Effects of ionizing radiation sterilization on microparticulate drug delivery systems based on poly-α-hydroxyacids: an overview. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(09)50017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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43
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44
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Dorati R, Patrini M, Perugini P, Pavanetto F, Stella A, Modena T, Genta I, Conti B. Surface characterization by atomic force microscopy of sterilized PLGA microspheres. J Microencapsul 2008; 23:123-33. [PMID: 16754370 DOI: 10.1080/02652040500435220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is recognized a suitable and powerful technique for surface and morphological analysis. Even if until now this technique has not been frequently used in the pharmaceutical field, it can contribute to an accurate morphologic characterization of microspheres and nanospheres. In this work, atomic force microscopy has been used to perform the surface characterization of sterilized microspheres. The aim is to investigate the morphologic modifications induced by gamma irradiation on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres loaded with ovalbumin and to compare the results obtained by AFM to those obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results obtained show that, with respect to SEM, AFM can give some additional information regarding the modifications induced by gamma-irradiation on microspheres surface morphology. The significant changes in surface roughness after irradiation are indicative of damage due to gamma-irradiation. The unchanged surface roughness values calculated for microspheres containing PEG in their matrix, suggest that this polymer exerts a protective effect towards gamma-irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Dorati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Jiang HL, Jin JF, Hu YQ, Zhu KJ. Improvement of protein loading and modulation of protein release from poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres by complexation of proteins with polyanions. J Microencapsul 2008; 21:615-24. [PMID: 15762319 DOI: 10.1080/02652040400000538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel method was proposed to incorporate and modulate protein release from poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres by a modified w/o/w emulsion solvent evaporation technique with poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA)/insulin complex suspension as the inner aqueous phase instead of the neat protein solution. It was found that a reversible, water-insoluble complex could be formed between PMAA and insulin by electrostatic interactions. A great increase in insulin entrapment efficiency was observed as the PMAA/insulin complex was adopted to prepare PLGA microspheres. A large number of the complex particles adsorbed at the surface of the microspheres, resulting in the more rapid insulin release. The complexation and microencapsulation processes have little effect on insulin bioactivity, which was revealed by examination of the plasma glucose levels of the diabetic rats administrated with the microspheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China.
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Zhang X, Liu C, Yuan Y, Zhang S, Shan X, Sheng Y, Xu F. Key parameters affecting the initial leaky effect of hemoglobin-loaded nanoparticles as blood substitutes. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2008; 19:2463-2470. [PMID: 18219559 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-007-3358-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 12/28/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In order to realize long-term carrying/delivering oxygen and minimize the adverse effects of free hemoglobin (Hb) in vivo, Hb is desired to be confined in Hb-loaded nanoparticles (HbP), a novel blood substitute with potential clinical applications, and thus functions as the native red blood cells (RBCs). However, the initial burst release of Hb ("leaky effect") greatly underscores the significance of this work. The study described here wants to disclose the key preparative parameters, including polymer, excipients in the inner aqueous phase and solvent profile, affecting the Hb release behavior (the initial 24 h) from HbP fabricated by commonly used solvent diffusion/evaporation double emulsion technique. The results demonstrate that PEGlytated polymers, regardless of two- or tri-block copolymers show slower release compared with the corresponding non-PEGlytated ones. The higher polymer concentration yields lower initial release. PEG200, added as excipient facilitates Hb burst effect to about 38.4%, almost 17% increase compared to the control ( approximately 21%), whereas, PVA and Poloxamer188, due to amphiphilic nature, can effectively attenuate this leakage to about 13.0 and 5.1%, respectively. The diffusion/extraction rate from oil phase and the subsequent evaporation rate from the aqueous continuous phase of solvents impose different influences on Hb release. To reduce the burst effect, the initial diffusion/extraction rate should be slow, whereas, the concomitant evaporation rate should be as fast as possible. The results obtained here will be guidance's for the future tailored design of more desirable polymersome nanoparticle blood substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Role of a novel multifunctional excipient poly(ethylene glycol)-block-oligo(vinyl sulfadimethoxine) in controlled release of lysozyme from PLGA microspheres. Int J Pharm 2008; 358:50-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2007] [Revised: 02/04/2008] [Accepted: 02/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Giteau A, Venier-Julienne M, Aubert-Pouëssel A, Benoit J. How to achieve sustained and complete protein release from PLGA-based microparticles? Int J Pharm 2008; 350:14-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Revised: 11/06/2007] [Accepted: 11/08/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Teixidó M, Giralt E. The role of peptides in blood-brain barrier nanotechnology. J Pept Sci 2008; 14:163-73. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Tan EYM, Law JWS, Wang CH, Lee AYW. Development of a cell transducible RhoA inhibitor TAT-C3 transferase and its encapsulation in biocompatible microspheres to promote survival and enhance regeneration of severed neurons. Pharm Res 2007; 24:2297-308. [PMID: 17899323 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-007-9454-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2007] [Accepted: 09/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neurons in post-traumatized mammalian central nervous system show only limited degree of regeneration, which can be attributed to the presence of neurite outgrowth inhibitors in damaged myelin and glial scar, and to the apoptosis of severed central neurons and glial cells during secondary Wallerian degeneration. RhoA GTPase has been implicated as the common denominator in these counter-regeneration events, which shows significant and persistent up-regulation for weeks in injured spinal cord and cerebral infarct after stroke. While the exoenzyme C3 transferase is a potent RhoA inhibitor, its extremely low efficiency of cell entry and degradation in vivo has restricted the therapeutic value. This study aims to circumvent these problems by developing a membrane-permeating form of C3 transferase and a biopolymer-based microsphere depot system for sustainable controlled release of the protein. MATERIALS AND METHODS A membrane-permeating form of C3 transferase was developed by fusing a Tat (trans-activating transcription factor) transduction domain of human immunodeficiency virus to its amino terminal using standard molecular cloning techniques. After confirming efficient cell entry into epithelial and neuroblastoma cells, the resulting recombinant protein TAT-C3 was encapsulated in biocompatible polymer poly(D,L -lactide-co-glycolide) in the form of microspheres by a water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion method. By blending capped and uncapped form of the polymer at different ratios, TAT-C3 protein release profile was modified to suit the expression pattern of endogenous RhoA during CNS injuries. Bioactivity of TAT-C3 released from microspheres was assessed by RhoA ribosylation assay. RESULTS In contrast to wild-type C3 transferase, the modified TAT-C3 protein was found to efficiently enter NIH3T3 and N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells as early as 6 hours of incubation. The fusion of TAT sequence to C3 transferase imposed no appreciable effects on its biological activity in promoting neurite outgrowth through RhoA inhibition. Characterization of TAT-C3 encapsulation in various blends of capped/uncapped PLGA polymer revealed the 30:70 formulation to be optimal in attaining a mild initial burst release of 25%, followed by a subsequent average daily release of 2.3% of encapsulated protein over one month, matching the change in RhoA level in severed brain and spinal cord. Importantly, TAT-C3 released from the microspheres remained active up to the first three weeks of incubation. CONCLUSION Enhanced cell entry of TAT-C3 circumvents the need to administer high dose of the protein to site of injury. The encapsulation of TAT-C3 in different blends of capped/uncapped PLGA microspheres allows adjustment of protein release profile to suit the pattern of RhoA expression in injured CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Y M Tan
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Block MD9, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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