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Thomas L, Cuisset L, Papon JF, Tamalet A, Pin I, Abou Taam R, Faucon C, Montantin G, Tissier S, Duquesnoy P, Dastot-Le Moal F, Copin B, Carion N, Louis B, Chantot-Bastaraud S, Siffroi JP, Mitri R, Coste A, Escudier E, Thouvenin G, Amselem S, Legendre M. Skewed X-chromosome inactivation drives the proportion of DNAAF6-defective airway motile cilia and variable expressivity in primary ciliary dyskinesia. J Med Genet 2024; 61:595-604. [PMID: 38408845 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare airway disorder caused by defective motile cilia. Only male patients have been reported with pathogenic mutations in X-linked DNAAF6, which result in the absence of ciliary dynein arms, whereas their heterozygous mothers are supposedly healthy. Our objective was to assess the possible clinical and ciliary consequences of X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) in these mothers. METHODS XCI patterns of six mothers of male patients with DNAAF6-related PCD were determined by DNA-methylation studies and compared with their clinical phenotype (6/6 mothers), as well as their ciliary phenotype (4/6 mothers), as assessed by immunofluorescence and high-speed videomicroscopy analyses. The mutated X chromosome was tracked to assess the percentage of cells with a normal inactivated DNAAF6 allele. RESULTS The mothers' phenotypes ranged from absence of symptoms to mild/moderate or severe airway phenotypes, closely reflecting their XCI pattern. Analyses of the symptomatic mothers' airway ciliated cells revealed the coexistence of normal cells and cells with immotile cilia lacking dynein arms, whose ratio closely mirrored their XCI pattern. CONCLUSION This study highlights the importance of searching for heterozygous pathogenic DNAAF6 mutations in all female relatives of male PCD patients with a DNAAF6 defect, as well as in females consulting for mild chronic respiratory symptoms. Our results also demonstrate that about one-third-ranging from 20% to 50%-normal ciliated airway cells sufficed to avoid severe PCD, a result paving the way for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Thomas
- Childhood Genetic Diseases, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, France
| | - Laurence Cuisset
- Service de Médecine Génomique, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, F-75014, France
| | - Jean-Francois Papon
- Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, AP-HP, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, F-94270, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Inserm U955, CNRS ERL7240, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, F-94010, France
| | - Aline Tamalet
- Département de Pneumologie Pédiatrique, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Respiratoires Rares RespiRare, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau Hospital, Paris, F-75012, France
| | - Isabelle Pin
- Pédiatrie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, F-38500, France
| | - Rola Abou Taam
- Service de Pneumologie et Allergologie Pédiatriques, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, F-75015, France
| | - Catherine Faucon
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Laboratoire de Microscopie Electronique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, F-94000, France
| | - Guy Montantin
- Génétique moléculaire, AP-HP, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, Paris
| | - Sylvie Tissier
- Génétique moléculaire, AP-HP, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, Paris
| | - Philippe Duquesnoy
- Childhood Genetic Diseases, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, France
| | | | - Bruno Copin
- Childhood Genetic Diseases, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, France
- Génétique moléculaire, AP-HP, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, Paris
| | - Nathalie Carion
- Service de Médecine Génomique, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, F-75014, France
| | - Bruno Louis
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Inserm U955, CNRS ERL7240, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, F-94010, France
| | - Sandra Chantot-Bastaraud
- Childhood Genetic Diseases, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, France
- Génétique chromosomique, AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Siffroi
- Childhood Genetic Diseases, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, France
- Génétique chromosomique, AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, France
| | - Rana Mitri
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Laboratoire de Microscopie Electronique, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, F-94000, France
| | - André Coste
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Inserm U955, CNRS ERL7240, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, F-94010, France
- Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, AP-HP, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, F-94000, France
| | - Estelle Escudier
- Childhood Genetic Diseases, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, France
- Génétique moléculaire, AP-HP, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, Paris
| | - Guillaume Thouvenin
- Département de Pneumologie Pédiatrique, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Respiratoires Rares RespiRare, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau Hospital, Paris, F-75012, France
| | - Serge Amselem
- Childhood Genetic Diseases, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, France
- Génétique moléculaire, AP-HP, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, Paris
| | - Marie Legendre
- Childhood Genetic Diseases, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, France
- Génétique moléculaire, AP-HP, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, F-75012, Paris
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Carsuzaa F, Bequignon E, Bartier S, Coste A, Dufour X, Bainaud M, Lecron JC, Louis B, Tringali S, Favot L, Fieux M. Oncostatin M Contributes to Airway Epithelial Cell Dysfunction in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076094. [PMID: 37047067 PMCID: PMC10094365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a typical type-2 inflammation involving several cytokines and is associated with epithelial cell dysfunction. Oncostatin M (OSM) (belonging to the interleukin(IL)-6 family) could be a key driver of epithelial barrier dysfunction. Therefore, we investigated the presence of OSM and IL-6 and the expression pattern of tight junctions (TJs) in the nasal tissue of CRSwNP patients and controls using reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting. Then, their potential role in the epithelial barrier was evaluated in vitro in 27 different primary cultures of human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) by measuring TJ expression and transepithelial electric resistance (TEER) with or without OSM or IL-6 (1, 10, and 100 ng/mL). The effect on ciliary beating efficiency was evaluated by high-speed videomicroscopy and on repair mechanisms with a wound healing model with or without OSM. OSM and IL-6 were both overexpressed, and TJ (ZO-1 and occludin) expression was decreased in the nasal polyps compared to the control mucosa. OSM (100 ng/mL) but not IL-6 induced a significant decrease in TJ expression, TEER, and ciliary beating efficiency in HNECs. After 24 h, the wound repair rate was significantly higher in OSM-stimulated HNECs at 100 ng/mL. These results suggest that OSM could become a new target for monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Carsuzaa
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), UR15560, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France
- Service ORL, Chirurgie Cervico-Maxillo-Faciale et Audiophonologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Emilie Bequignon
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, F-94010 Créteil, France
- CNRS EMR 7000, F-94010 Créteil, France
- INSERM, IMRB, Univ Paris Est Creteil, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Sophie Bartier
- CNRS EMR 7000, F-94010 Créteil, France
- INSERM, IMRB, Univ Paris Est Creteil, F-94010 Créteil, France
- Service d'ORL, de Chirurgie Cervico Faciale, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - André Coste
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, F-94010 Créteil, France
- CNRS EMR 7000, F-94010 Créteil, France
- INSERM, IMRB, Univ Paris Est Creteil, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Xavier Dufour
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), UR15560, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France
- Service ORL, Chirurgie Cervico-Maxillo-Faciale et Audiophonologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Matthieu Bainaud
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), UR15560, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France
- Service Immunologie et Inflammation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, F-86021 Poitiers, France
| | - Jean Claude Lecron
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), UR15560, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France
- Service Immunologie et Inflammation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, F-86021 Poitiers, France
| | - Bruno Louis
- CNRS EMR 7000, F-94010 Créteil, France
- INSERM, IMRB, Univ Paris Est Creteil, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Stéphane Tringali
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Service d'ORL, d'Otoneurochirurgie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, F-69310 Pierre Bénite, France
- Faculté de Médecine et de Maïeutique Lyon Sud-Charles Mérieux, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, F-69003 Lyon, France
- UMR 5305, Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 7 Passage du Vercors, CEDEX 07, F-69367 Lyon, France
| | - Laure Favot
- Laboratoire Inflammation Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), UR15560, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Maxime Fieux
- CNRS EMR 7000, F-94010 Créteil, France
- INSERM, IMRB, Univ Paris Est Creteil, F-94010 Créteil, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Service d'ORL, d'Otoneurochirurgie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, F-69310 Pierre Bénite, France
- Faculté de Médecine et de Maïeutique Lyon Sud-Charles Mérieux, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, F-69003 Lyon, France
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Majidipur A, Morin-Dewaele M, Gaspar Lopes J, Berry F, Fouchet J, Bartier S, Dufros Duval A, Soyeux P, Huet E, Louis B, Coste A, Béquignon É, Saldana C, Le Corvoisier P, Destouches D, Pawlotsky JM, de la Taille A, Vacherot F, Bruscella P, Firlej V. Apalutamide Prevents SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Lung Epithelial Cells and in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36834705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In early 2020, the novel pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China, and rapidly propagated worldwide causing a global health emergency. SARS-CoV-2 binds to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein for cell entry, followed by proteolytic cleavage of the Spike (S) protein by the transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), allowing fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. Interestingly, TMPRSS2 is a key regulator in prostate cancer (PCa) progression which is regulated by androgen receptor (AR) signaling. Our hypothesis is that the AR signaling may regulate the expression of TMPRSS2 in human respiratory cells and thus influence the membrane fusion entry pathway of SARS-CoV-2. We show here that TMPRSS2 and AR are expressed in Calu-3 lung cells. In this cell line, TMPRSS2 expression is regulated by androgens. Finally, pre-treatment with anti-androgen drugs such as apalutamide significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 entry and infection in Calu-3 lung cells but also in primary human nasal epithelial cells. Altogether, these data provide strong evidence to support the use of apalutamide as a treatment option for the PCa population vulnerable to severe COVID-19.
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4
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Morin-Dewaele M, Bartier S, Berry F, Brillet R, López-Molina DS, Nguyễn CT, Maille P, Sereno K, Nevers Q, Softic L, Vaugeois JM, Louis B, Bequignon E, Bruscella P, Coste A, Pawlotsky JM, Jamain S, Ahmed-Belkacem A. Desloratadine, an FDA-approved cationic amphiphilic drug, inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in cell culture and primary human nasal epithelial cells by blocking viral entry. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21053. [PMID: 36473907 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25399-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2019 global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has brought the world to a grinding halt, highlighting the urgent need for therapeutic and preventive solutions to slow the spread of emerging viruses. The objective of this study was to assess the anti-SARS-CoV-2 effectiveness of 8 FDA-approved cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs). SARS-CoV-2-infected Vero cells, Calu-3 cells and primary Human Nasal Epithelial Cells (HNEC) were used to investigate the effects of CADs and revealed their antiviral mode of action. Among the CADs tested, desloratadine, a commonly used antiallergic, well-tolerated with no major side effects, potently reduced the production of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Vero-E6 cells. Interestingly, desloratadine was also effective against HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 showing that it possessed broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus activity. Investigation of its mode of action revealed that it targeted an early step of virus lifecycle and blocked SARS-CoV-2 entry through the endosomal pathway. Finally, the ex vivo kinetic of the antiviral effect of desloratadine was evaluated on primary Human Nasal Epithelial Cells (HNEC), showing a significant delay of viral RNA production with a maximal reduction reached after 72 h of treatment. Thus, this treatment could provide a substantial contribution to prophylaxis and systemic therapy of COVID-19 or other coronaviruses infections and requires further studies.
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5
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Berry F, Morin‐Dewaele M, Majidipur A, Jamet T, Bartier S, Ignjatovic E, Toniutti D, Gaspar Lopes J, Soyeux‐Porte P, Maillé P, Saldana C, Brillet R, Ahnou N, Softic L, Couturaud B, Huet É, Ahmed‐Belkacem A, Fourati S, Louis B, Coste A, Béquignon É, de la Taille A, Destouches D, Vacherot F, Pawlotsky J, Firlej V, Bruscella P. Proviral role of human respiratory epithelial cell-derived small extracellular vesicles in SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12269. [PMID: 36271885 PMCID: PMC9587708 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Small Extracellular Vesicles (sEVs) are 50-200 nm in diameter vesicles delimited by a lipid bilayer, formed within the endosomal network or derived from the plasma membrane. They are secreted in various biological fluids, including airway nasal mucus. The goal of this work was to understand the role of sEVs present in the mucus (mu-sEVs) produced by human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) in SARS-CoV-2 infection. We show that uninfected HNECs produce mu-sEVs containing SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 and activated protease TMPRSS2. mu-sEVs cleave prefusion viral Spike proteins at the S1/S2 boundary, resulting in higher proportions of prefusion S proteins exposing their receptor binding domain in an 'open' conformation, thereby facilitating receptor binding at the cell surface. We show that the role of nasal mu-sEVs is to complete prefusion Spike priming performed by intracellular furin during viral egress from infected cells. This effect is mediated by vesicular TMPRSS2 activity, rendering SARS-CoV-2 virions prone to entry into target cells using the 'early', TMPRSS2-dependent pathway instead of the 'late', cathepsin-dependent route. These results indicate that prefusion Spike priming by mu-sEVs in the nasal cavity plays a role in viral tropism. They also show that nasal mucus does not protect from SARS-CoV-2 infection, but instead facilitates it.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Berry
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Team “Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Margot Morin‐Dewaele
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Team “Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Amene Majidipur
- Team “Therapeutic Resistance in Prostate Cancer” (TRePCa)Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Thibaud Jamet
- Team “Therapeutic Resistance in Prostate Cancer” (TRePCa)Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Sophie Bartier
- Department of ENT and Cervico‐Facial SurgeryAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de CréteilCréteilFrance,Department of ENT and Cervico‐Facial SurgeryAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri MondorCréteilFrance,Department of PulmonologyAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri MondorCréteilFrance,Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, CNRS EMR 7000, Team “Biomechanics and Respiratory System”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Eva Ignjatovic
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Team “Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Donatella Toniutti
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Team “Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Jeanne Gaspar Lopes
- Team “Therapeutic Resistance in Prostate Cancer” (TRePCa)Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Pascale Soyeux‐Porte
- Team “Therapeutic Resistance in Prostate Cancer” (TRePCa)Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Pascale Maillé
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Team “Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance,Department of PathologyAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri MondorCréteilFrance
| | - Carolina Saldana
- Team “Therapeutic Resistance in Prostate Cancer” (TRePCa)Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance,Department of OncologyAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri MondorCréteilFrance
| | - Rozenn Brillet
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Team “Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Nazim Ahnou
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Team “Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Laurent Softic
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Team “Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Benoit Couturaud
- Institute of Chemistry and Materials (ICMPE)Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS UMR7182CréteilFrance
| | - Éric Huet
- Team “Therapeutic Resistance in Prostate Cancer” (TRePCa)Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Abdelhakim Ahmed‐Belkacem
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Team “Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Slim Fourati
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Team “Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance,Department of VirologyAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri MondorCréteilFrance
| | - Bruno Louis
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, CNRS EMR 7000, Team “Biomechanics and Respiratory System”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - André Coste
- Department of ENT and Cervico‐Facial SurgeryAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de CréteilCréteilFrance,Department of ENT and Cervico‐Facial SurgeryAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri MondorCréteilFrance,Department of PulmonologyAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri MondorCréteilFrance,Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, CNRS EMR 7000, Team “Biomechanics and Respiratory System”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Émilie Béquignon
- Department of ENT and Cervico‐Facial SurgeryAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de CréteilCréteilFrance,Department of ENT and Cervico‐Facial SurgeryAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri MondorCréteilFrance,Department of PulmonologyAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri MondorCréteilFrance,Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, CNRS EMR 7000, Team “Biomechanics and Respiratory System”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Alexandre de la Taille
- Team “Therapeutic Resistance in Prostate Cancer” (TRePCa)Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance,Department of UrologyAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri MondorCréteilFrance
| | - Damien Destouches
- Team “Therapeutic Resistance in Prostate Cancer” (TRePCa)Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Francis Vacherot
- Team “Therapeutic Resistance in Prostate Cancer” (TRePCa)Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Jean‐Michel Pawlotsky
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Team “Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance,Department of VirologyAP‐HP, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri MondorCréteilFrance
| | - Virginie Firlej
- Team “Therapeutic Resistance in Prostate Cancer” (TRePCa)Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
| | - Patrice Bruscella
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM U955, Team “Viruses, Hepatology, Cancer”Univ Paris Est CreteilCréteilFrance
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Hong TU, Park SK. The Roles of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Angiostatin, and Endostatin in Nasal Polyp Development. J Rhinol 2022. [DOI: 10.18787/jr.2021.00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Microvascular remodeling and angiogenesis are elements of tissue remodeling characteristic of chronic inflammatory diseases, including nasal polyps (NPs). Angiogenesis reflects the balance between the actions of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. Many pro-angiogenic factors are known, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). A number of anti-angiogenic factors (e.g., angiostatin and endostatin) also has been identified. Our objective was to assess the roles of VEGF, angiostatin, and endostatin in NP development.Methods: The expression levels of VEGF, angiostatin, and endostatin were measured in NPs harvested during endoscopic endonasal surgery and compared with those in inferior turbinate mucosa (control) samples acquired from patients with hypertrophic rhinitis without allergy. Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all samples.Results: The levels of VEGF and angiostatin were significantly higher in the NP subjects than in the controls. Neither the VEGF/angiostatin ratio nor the endostatin level differed significantly between the two groups. However, the VEGF/endostatin ratio was significantly higher in the NP than in the control group. Both the NP and control tissues were diffusely immunoreactive for VEGF, angiostatin, and endostatin.Conclusion: NP-associated hypoxia can elevate angiostatin level; moreover, an imbalance in the VEGF/endostatin ratio can contribute to NP formation.
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7
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Fieux M, Le Quellec S, Bartier S, Coste A, Louis B, Giroudon C, Nourredine M, Bequignon E. FcRn as a Transporter for Nasal Delivery of Biologics: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126475. [PMID: 34204226 PMCID: PMC8234196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
FcRn plays a major role in regulating immune homeostasis, but it is also able to transport biologics across cellular barriers. The question of whether FcRn could be an efficient transporter of biologics across the nasal epithelial barrier is of particular interest, as it would allow a less invasive strategy for the administration of biologics in comparison to subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous administrations, which are often used in clinical practice. A focused systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. It was registered on the international prospective register of systematic reviews PROSPERO, which helped in identifying articles that met the inclusion criteria. Clinical and preclinical studies involving FcRn and the nasal delivery of biologics were screened, and the risk of bias was assessed across studies using the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT). Among the 12 studies finally included in this systematic review (out of the 758 studies screened), 11 demonstrated efficient transcytosis of biologics through the nasal epithelium. Only three studies evaluated the potential toxicity of biologics’ intranasal delivery, and they all showed that it was safe. This systematic review confirmed that FcRn is expressed in the nasal airway and the olfactory epithelium, and that FcRn may play a role in IgG and/or IgG-derived molecule-transcytosis across the airway epithelium. However, additional research is needed to better characterize the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of biologics after their intranasal delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Fieux
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Service d’ORL, D’otoneurochirurgie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Pierre Bénite, CEDEX, F-69495 Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, F-69003 Lyon, France; (S.L.Q.); (M.N.)
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (A.C.); (B.L.); (E.B.)
- CNRS ERL 7000, F-94010 Créteil, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-7266-6415
| | - Sandra Le Quellec
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, F-69003 Lyon, France; (S.L.Q.); (M.N.)
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Unité D’hémostase Clinique, CEDEX, F-69500 Bron, France
- EA 4609 Hémostase et Cancer, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69372 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Service D’hématologie Biologique, CEDEX, F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Sophie Bartier
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (A.C.); (B.L.); (E.B.)
- CNRS ERL 7000, F-94010 Créteil, France
- Service d’ORL, de Chirurgie Cervico Faciale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, F-94000 Créteil, France
| | - André Coste
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (A.C.); (B.L.); (E.B.)
- CNRS ERL 7000, F-94010 Créteil, France
- Service d’ORL, de Chirurgie Cervico Faciale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Bruno Louis
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (A.C.); (B.L.); (E.B.)
- CNRS ERL 7000, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Caroline Giroudon
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de la Documentation Centrale, CEDEX, F-69424 Lyon, France;
| | - Mikail Nourredine
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, F-69003 Lyon, France; (S.L.Q.); (M.N.)
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Biostatistique et Bioinformatique, F-69003 Lyon, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive UMR 5558, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Emilie Bequignon
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Créteil, France; (S.B.); (A.C.); (B.L.); (E.B.)
- CNRS ERL 7000, F-94010 Créteil, France
- Service d’ORL, de Chirurgie Cervico Faciale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France
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Bartier S, Coste A, Bequignon E. [Management strategies for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in adults]. Rev Mal Respir 2021; 38:183-198. [PMID: 33541753 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is one of the categories of chronic rhinosinusitis and is defined by the presence of bilateral polyps. It is frequently associated with other conditions (asthma, atopy, aspirin intolerance), which worsen its prognosis. STATE OF ART The pathophysiology of CRSwNP is still poorly understood. The genesis of polyps is thought to be based on an initial epithelial lesion caused by environmental factors in the context of self-maintained chronic local inflammation. Multiple local and general factors can be involved in this inflammation, which is mainly of Th2 type in Europe. Abnormalities of the epithelial barrier and the immune system (eosinophilia, cytokines, T and B lymphocytes), genetic factors and pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, have been incriminated. The treatment of CRSwNP is mainly based on the application of local corticosteroids. Surgery remains an important part of patient management where CRSwNP becomes resistant to topical therapy. The management of CRSwNP may be at a turning point thanks to the arrival of biological therapies (anti-IgE, anti-IL-5, anti-IL-4/IL-13) the initial results of which are promising. PERSPECTIVES/CONCLUSIONS With the new concept of endotypes, current avenues of research are moving towards a better understanding of the inflammatory mechanisms of CRSwNP. Immunotherapy appears to be a promising future for the treatment of CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bartier
- Service d'ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, centre hospitalier intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Service d'ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, CHU Henri-Mondor, 51, avenue du Maréchal-De-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 94000 Créteil, France.
| | - A Coste
- Service d'ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, centre hospitalier intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Service d'ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, CHU Henri-Mondor, 51, avenue du Maréchal-De-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - E Bequignon
- Service d'ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, centre hospitalier intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France; Service d'ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, CHU Henri-Mondor, 51, avenue du Maréchal-De-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 94000 Créteil, France
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Bartier S, Coste A, Béquignon E. Biotherapy and treatment of adult primary chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: Cellular and molecular bases. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2020; 138:355-362. [PMID: 33358657 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The present article reviews the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwCRSwNP) and underlying the action mechanisms of biotherapies. Biotherapy uses substances naturally produced by the organism or their specific antagonists targeting a proinflammatory mechanism. CRSwCRSwNP is a form of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), which is classically subdivided in to 2 types according to the presence of polyps. In recent years, the concept of endotypes emerged, with a more exhaustive definition of the types of CRS according to inflammatory mechanism, with a view to developing personalized treatments. CRSwNP pathophysiology is poorly understood. Polyps arise from a primary epithelial lesion in a context of chronic local inflammation, mainly type 2 in Europe, implicating eosinophils, IgE, Th2 cytokines (IL-4/IL-13, IL-5) and T and B cells. Biotherapy seems promising in CRSwNP. The present review details the various pathophysiological pathways underlying the action mechanisms of biotherapies, and the various published studies, assessing efficacy and mode of action in the treatment of CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bartier
- Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France; Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94000 Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Faculté de Médecine, 94000 Créteil, France; INSERM U955, 94000 Créteil, France; CNRS, ERL 7240, 94000 Créteil, France.
| | - A Coste
- Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France; Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94000 Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Faculté de Médecine, 94000 Créteil, France; INSERM U955, 94000 Créteil, France; CNRS, ERL 7240, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - E Béquignon
- Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France; Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94000 Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), Faculté de Médecine, 94000 Créteil, France; INSERM U955, 94000 Créteil, France; CNRS, ERL 7240, 94000 Créteil, France
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Wu D, Bleier B, Wei Y. Definition and characteristics of acute exacerbation in adult patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: a systematic review. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 49:62. [PMID: 32811568 PMCID: PMC7436990 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-020-00459-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute exacerbations (AE) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) have been increasingly recognized as an important clinical issue. The purpose of this study is to summarize the current definitions and evaluation parameters of AE and then identify and quantify the clinical and immunopathologic characteristics of AE in CRS. Methods A systematic review of the literature was performed on PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases from January 1990 through August 2020 to identify studies relating to AE in CRS. Exclusion criteria included non-English and non-human studies, and case reports. Results The definitions of AE in CRS among all the studies were based on a description of short-term worsening sinonasal symptoms. Patient-reported sinus infection and exacerbation related medical treatment during the preceding 3 months to 1 year were used to evaluate the frequency of AE in CRS. The average decline in 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) score during an exacerbation was 7.83 points relative to baseline. Comorbid asthma, SNOT-22 scores ≥24, allergic rhinitis, eosinophil count ≥150/μL and autoimmune disease were positively associated with an exacerbation-prone CRS phenotype. AE in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) was associated with increased expression of mucus cytokines including myeloperoxidase (percentage increase [PI] = 101%), IL-5 (PI = 125%), and IL-6 (PI = 162%) and could be predicted by the increasing mucus cystatin and periostin. Conclusion The definition of AE in CRS is largely driven by patient-reported symptoms and is associated with several risk factors. Quantitative changes in mucus cytokines associated with AE in CRSwNP and may be used to predict events. The development of a consistent definition of AE in CRS is critical to help define disease control and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Anzhen Road 2, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Benjamin Bleier
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Yongxiang Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Anzhen Road 2, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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11
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Bequignon E, Mangin D, Bécaud J, Pasquier J, Angely C, Bottier M, Escudier E, Isabey D, Filoche M, Louis B, Papon JF, Coste A. Pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: role of IL-6 in airway epithelial cell dysfunction. J Transl Med 2020; 18:136. [PMID: 32209102 PMCID: PMC7092549 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02309-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by an alteration in airway epithelial cell functions including barrier function, wound repair mechanisms, mucociliary clearance. The mechanisms leading to epithelial cell dysfunction in nasal polyps (NPs) remain poorly understood. Our hypothesis was that among the inflammatory cytokines involved in NPs, IL-6 could alter epithelial repair mechanisms and mucociliary clearance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of IL-6 on epithelial repair mechanisms in a wound repair model and on ciliary beating in primary cultures of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells (HNEC). Methods Primary cultures of HNEC taken from 38 patients during surgical procedures for CRSwNP were used in an in vitro model of wound healing. Effects of increasing concentrations of IL-6 (1 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL, and 100 ng/mL) and other ILs (IL-5, IL-9, IL-10) on wound closure kinetics were compared to cultures without IL-modulation. After wound closure, the differentiation process was characterized under basal conditions and after IL supplementation using cytokeratin-14, MUC5AC, and βIV tubulin as immunomarkers of basal, mucus, and ciliated cells, respectively. The ciliated edges of primary cultures were analyzed on IL-6 modulation by digital high-speed video-microscopy to measure: ciliary beating frequency (CBF), ciliary length, relative ciliary density, metachronal wavelength and the ciliary beating efficiency index. Results Our results showed that: (i) IL-6 accelerated airway wound repair in vitro, with a dose–response effect whereas no effect was observed after other ILs-stimulation. After 24 h, 79% of wounded wells with IL6-100 were fully repaired, vs 46% in the IL6-10 group, 28% in the IL6-1 group and 15% in the control group; (ii) specific migration analyses of closed wound at late repair stage (Day 12) showed IL-6 had the highest migration compared with other ILs (iii) The study of the IL-6 effect on ciliary function showed that CBF and metachronal wave increased but without significant modifications of ciliary density, length of cilia and efficiency index. Conclusion The up-regulated epithelial cell proliferation observed in polyps could be induced by IL-6 in the case of prior epithelial damage. IL-6 could be a major cytokine in NP physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Bequignon
- Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie cervico-faciale, AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor et Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94010, Créteil, France. .,INSERM, U955, Equipe 13, Faculte de Medecine, 8 rue du General Sarrail, 94010, Créteil, France. .,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, 94010, Créteil, France. .,CNRS ERL 7000, 94010, Créteil, France.
| | - David Mangin
- Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie cervico-faciale, AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor et Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94010, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955, Equipe 13, Faculte de Medecine, 8 rue du General Sarrail, 94010, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, 94010, Créteil, France.,CNRS ERL 7000, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Justine Bécaud
- Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie cervico-faciale, AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor et Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94010, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955, Equipe 13, Faculte de Medecine, 8 rue du General Sarrail, 94010, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, 94010, Créteil, France.,CNRS ERL 7000, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Jennifer Pasquier
- Nice Breast Institute, 06000, Nice, France.,Stem Cell & Microenvironment Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Christelle Angely
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 13, Faculte de Medecine, 8 rue du General Sarrail, 94010, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, 94010, Créteil, France.,CNRS ERL 7000, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Mathieu Bottier
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 13, Faculte de Medecine, 8 rue du General Sarrail, 94010, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, 94010, Créteil, France.,CNRS ERL 7000, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Estelle Escudier
- Inserm U933, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.,Service de génétique et d'embryologie médicale, AP-HP Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Isabey
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 13, Faculte de Medecine, 8 rue du General Sarrail, 94010, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, 94010, Créteil, France.,CNRS ERL 7000, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Marcel Filoche
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 13, Faculte de Medecine, 8 rue du General Sarrail, 94010, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, 94010, Créteil, France.,CNRS ERL 7000, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Bruno Louis
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 13, Faculte de Medecine, 8 rue du General Sarrail, 94010, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, 94010, Créteil, France.,CNRS ERL 7000, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Jean-François Papon
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 13, Faculte de Medecine, 8 rue du General Sarrail, 94010, Créteil, France.,CNRS ERL 7000, 94010, Créteil, France.,Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie cervico-faciale, AP-HP, Hôpital Bicêtre, 94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, 94275, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - André Coste
- Service d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie cervico-faciale, AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor et Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 94010, Créteil, France.,INSERM, U955, Equipe 13, Faculte de Medecine, 8 rue du General Sarrail, 94010, Créteil, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Est, 94010, Créteil, France.,CNRS ERL 7000, 94010, Créteil, France
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12
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Thomas L, Bouhouche K, Whitfield M, Thouvenin G, Coste A, Louis B, Szymanski C, Bequignon E, Papon JF, Castelli M, Lemullois M, Dhalluin X, Drouin-Garraud V, Montantin G, Tissier S, Duquesnoy P, Copin B, Dastot F, Couvet S, Barbotin AL, Faucon C, Honore I, Maitre B, Beydon N, Tamalet A, Rives N, Koll F, Escudier E, Tassin AM, Touré A, Mitchell V, Amselem S, Legendre M. TTC12 Loss-of-Function Mutations Cause Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia and Unveil Distinct Dynein Assembly Mechanisms in Motile Cilia Versus Flagella. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 106:153-169. [PMID: 31978331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cilia and flagella are evolutionarily conserved organelles whose motility relies on the outer and inner dynein arm complexes (ODAs and IDAs). Defects in ODAs and IDAs result in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a disease characterized by recurrent airway infections and male infertility. PCD mutations in assembly factors have been shown to cause a combined ODA-IDA defect, affecting both cilia and flagella. We identified four loss-of-function mutations in TTC12, which encodes a cytoplasmic protein, in four independent families in which affected individuals displayed a peculiar PCD phenotype characterized by the absence of ODAs and IDAs in sperm flagella, contrasting with the absence of only IDAs in respiratory cilia. Analyses of both primary cells from individuals carrying TTC12 mutations and human differentiated airway cells invalidated for TTC12 by a CRISPR-Cas9 approach revealed an IDA defect restricted to a subset of single-headed IDAs that are different in flagella and cilia, whereas TTC12 depletion in the ciliate Paramecium tetraurelia recapitulated the sperm phenotype. Overall, our study, which identifies TTC12 as a gene involved in PCD, unveils distinct dynein assembly mechanisms in human motile cilia versus flagella.
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Nijkang NP, Anderson L, Markham R, Manconi F. Endometrial polyps: Pathogenesis, sequelae and treatment. SAGE Open Med 2019; 7:2050312119848247. [PMID: 31105939 PMCID: PMC6501471 DOI: 10.1177/2050312119848247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial polyps are overgrowths of endometrial glands that typically protrude into the uterine cavity. Endometrial polyps are benign in nature and affect both reproductive age and postmenopausal women. Although endometrial polyps are relatively common and may be accompanied by abnormally heavy bleeding at menstruation. In asymptomatic women, endometrial polyps may regress spontaneously, in symptomatic women endometrial polyps can be treated safely and efficiently with hysteroscopic excision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Njume Peter Nijkang
- Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lyndal Anderson
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert Markham
- Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Frank Manconi
- Discipline of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Neonatology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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14
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Bequignon E, Dhommée C, Angely C, Thomas L, Bottier M, Escudier E, Isabey D, Coste A, Louis B, Papon JF, Gouilleux-Gruart V. FcRn-Dependent Transcytosis of Monoclonal Antibody in Human Nasal Epithelial Cells In Vitro: A Prerequisite for a New Delivery Route for Therapy? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1379. [PMID: 30893823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are promising therapies to treat airway chronic inflammatory disease (asthma or nasal polyps). To date, no study has specifically assessed, in vitro, the potential function of neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) in IgG transcytosis through the human nasal airway epithelium. The objective of this study was to report the in vitro expression and function of FcRn in nasal human epithelium. FcRn expression was studied in an air–liquid interface (ALI) primary culture model of human nasal epithelial cells (HNEC) from polyps. FcRn expression was characterized by quantitative RT-PCR, western blot, and immunolabeling. The ability of HNECs to support mAb transcytosis via FcRn was assessed by transcytosis assay. This study demonstrates the expression of FcRn mRNA and protein in HNEC. We report a high expression of FcRn in the cytosol of ciliated, mucus, and basal cells by immunohistochemistry with a higher level of FcRn proteins in differentiated HNEC. We also proved in vitro transepithelial delivery of an IgG1 therapeutic mAb with a dose–response curve. This is the first time that FcRn expression and mAb transcytosis has been shown in a model of human nasal respiratory epithelium in vitro. This study is a prerequisite for FcRn-dependent nasal administration of mAbs.
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Bruno E, Bonmassar E, Di Girolamo S, Adamo R, Alessandrini M, Ottaviani F, Rosati F, Franzese O. Evaluation of Telomerase Activity in Nasal Polyps. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 18:197-201. [DOI: 10.1177/194589240401800403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The objective of this study was to assess if nasal polyps express telomerase activity and whether a difference could be found between the polyp and the surrounding mucosa of the middle meatus and between different portions of the polyp itself. Methods Nine patients affected by nasal polyposis were included in this study; four of these patients had recurring polyposis. Telomerase activity was measured by telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay. In six patients, the telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay was performed on the polyp and on the mucosa from the ipsilateral middle meatus. In a polyp, we were able to investigate telomerase activity of its different portions, corresponding to pedicle and fundus. Results Telomerase activity observed in nasal polyps was higher than that observed in samples from the ipsilateral middle meatus mucosa. High or intermediate telomerase activity was found to be related to predominant recurring polyposis. Conclusion Therefore, it could be postulated that telomerase activity could be related with the tendency of polyps to recur.
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Gosepath J, Brieger J, Mann WJ. New Immunohistologic Findings on the Differential Role of Cyclooxygenase 1 and Cyclooxygenase 2 in Nasal Polyposis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/194589240501900201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Cyclooxygenase 1 (Cox-1) plays a key role in arachidonic acid metabolism and in the pathophysiology and immunology of nasal polyposis in patients suffering from aspirin intolerance. We hypothesize that Cox-2 also might be relevant in the etiology of nasal polyps of aspirin-tolerant patients by their effects on inflammatory mediators as well as on microvascular permeability. Methods Fifty-two surgical specimens were immunohistochemically labeled for Cox-1 and Cox-2. Specimens were taken from chronically inflamed mucosa (n = 19) and from nasal polyps (n = 19) during endonasal sinus surgery. Controls were obtained from healthy nasal respiratory mucosa (n = 14), harvested during turbinate surgery in patients with nasal obstruction without inflammatory disease. Staining intensities were semiquantitatively assessed and statistically analyzed. Results In chronically inflamed tissue the expression of Cox-1 and Cox-2 was strongly labeled. However, in nasal polyps the staining pattern of Cox-1 was similar, but Cox-2 expression in epithelial cells was significantly less than in inflamed, nonpolypous specimens. Conclusion These data suggest that while Cox-1 is strongly up-regulated, Cox-2 expression is significantly lower in epithelial cells of nasal polyps than in those of chronic sinusitis without polyps. The relevance of this finding has to be discussed with respect to the regulatory function of Cox on the inflammatory reaction in nasal respiratory mucosa and its hypothetical role in alterations of capillary permeability via vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gosepath
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mainz, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
| | - Juergen Brieger
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mainz, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolf J. Mann
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mainz, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
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Yariktas M, Doner F, Sutcu R, Demirci M, Dogru H, Yasan H. The Effect of Topical Corticosteroid on Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Nasal Polyp Tissue. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/194589240501900306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The etiology of nasal polyposis and pathophysiological mechanisms of polyp formation is still poorly understood. Experimental models have suggested that nasal polyp growth requires extracellular matrix formation and is associated with fibroblast proliferation. Intranasal corticosteroids appear to be useful in reducing nasal polypoid lesions and the likelihood of polyp recurrence after surgery. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a potent angiogenesis factor and is mitogenic for a wide range of cell types. We investigated the alteration of bFGF levels in nasal polyp tissue after administration of topical corticosteroid. Methods Nasal polyp tissues were obtained from 36 patients with diffuse nasal polyposis before and after topical nasal steroid treatment. As a topical nasal steroid mometasone furoate was given for 4 weeks in a dosage of 200 μg/day. The bFGF levels were measured by competitive enzyme immunoassay method. Results The mean levels of tissue bFGF, before and after topical nasal steroid treatment, were 1485 ± 826 ng/mg protein (range, 416–3434 ng/mg) and 1340 ± 749 ng/mg protein (range, 330–3288 ng/mg), respectively. The levels of bFGF in nasal polyps were significantly lower than those before treatment after administration of topical nasal steroid (p = 0.011). Conclusion Administration of topical nasal steroid decreases bFGF levels of nasal polyp. It may be suggested that one of the effects in diminishing the size of nasal polyps is by decreasing the bFGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Yariktas
- Departments of Otorhinolaryngology, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Fehmi Doner
- Departments of Otorhinolaryngology, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Recep Sutcu
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Demirci
- Departments of Clinical Microbiology, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Harun Dogru
- Departments of Otorhinolaryngology, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Hasan Yasan
- Departments of Otorhinolaryngology, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
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Gosepath J, Brieger J, Lehr HA, Mann WJ. Expression, Localization, and Significance of Vascular Permeability/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Nasal Polyps. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/194589240501900102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The exact etiologic mechanisms leading to the formation of nasal polyps have remained largely obscure. A key phenomenon of this specific type of chronic inflammatory disease in nasal respiratory mucosa is remarkable edema. Vascular permeability/vascular endothelial growth factor (VPF/VEGF) plays an important role in inducing angiogenesis and modulating capillary permeability. Objective To study the expression and localization of VPF/VEGF as a putative key factor in nasal polyp development. Methods Specimens of nasal polyps (n = 12) were harvested during endonasal sinus surgery in patients with polypous chronic rhinosinusitis. Specimens of healthy nasal respiratory mucosa (n = 12) served as controls and were obtained from inferior turbinates of patients undergoing surgery for nasal obstruction without signs and symptoms of inflammatory disease. Frozen sections were immunohistochemically stained for VPF/VEGF and quantitatively analyzed, using computer-based image analysis. Results The expression of VPF/VEGF in specimens of nasal polyps was significantly stronger than in specimens of healthy nasal mucosa of controls. VPF/VEGF in polypous tissue was mainly localized in vascular endothelial cells, in basal membranes and perivascular spaces, and in epithelial cells. Conclusion The markedly increased expression in nasal polyps as opposed to healthy nasal mucosa suggests that VPF/VEGF may play a significant role in both the formation of nasal polyps and in the induction of heavy tissue edema. This finding is discussed with respect to the differential expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) isoenzymes-1 and -2 (COX-1 and COX-2) in nasal polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gosepath
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mainz, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
| | - Juergen Brieger
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mainz, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans Anton Lehr
- Institute of Pathology, University of Mainz, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolf J. Mann
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Mainz, School of Medicine, Mainz, Germany
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Xu M, Chen D, Zhou H, Zhang W, Xu J, Chen L. The Role of Periostin in the Occurrence and Progression of Eosinophilic Chronic Sinusitis with Nasal Polyps. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9479. [PMID: 28842563 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08375-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a highly heterogeneous disease with different host defence responses. However, whether periostin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are similarly impaired in patients with eosinophilic CRSwNP (ENP) and those with non-eosinophilic CRSwNP (nENP) remains unclear. We sought to evaluate the expression and possible modulation of periostin and VEGF, regulated on activation normal T expressed and secreted (RANTES) and eotaxin-2 in the polyp tissues from 30 patients with ENP and from 36 patients with nENP and in middle turbinate tissues from 12 control subjects. We found that ENP tissues exhibited a significantly increased expression of periostin and VEGF compared with tissues from patients with nENP and control subjects (P < 0.05, respectively). Accordingly, the expression of VEGF, RANTES, and eotaxin-2 in ENP fibroblasts was significantly up-regulated after stimulation with up-regulated periostin in vitro, but the expression of VEGF and RANTES was significantly inhibited by stimulation with down-regulated periostin. Our findings suggest that periostin might play an important role in the occurrence and progression of ENP and might be a potential therapeutic target.
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Abstract
The oral epithelial barrier separates the host from the environment and provides the first line of defense against pathogens, exogenous substances and mechanical stress. It consists of underlying connective tissue and a stratified keratinized epithelium with a basement membrane, whose cells undergo terminal differentiation resulting in the formation of a mechanically resistant surface. Gingival keratinocytes are connected by various transmembrane proteins, such as tight junctions, adherens junctions and gap junctions, each of which has a specialized structure and specific functions. Periodontal pathogens are able to induce inflammatory responses that lead to attachment loss and periodontal destruction. A number of studies have demonstrated that the characteristics of pathogenic oral bacteria influence the expression and structural integrity of different cell-cell junctions. Tissue destruction can be mediated by host cells following stimulation with cytokines and bacterial products. Keratinocytes, the main cell type in gingival epithelial tissues, express a variety of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin-1alpha, interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Furthermore, the inflammatory mediators that may be secreted by oral keratinocytes are vascular endothelial growth factor, prostaglandin E2 , interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2. The protein family of matrix metalloproteinases is able to degrade all types of extracellular matrix protein, and can process a number of bioactive molecules. Matrix metalloproteinase activities under inflammatory conditions are mostly deregulated and often increased, and those mainly relevant in periodontal disease are matrix metalloproteinases 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 13 and 24. Viral infection may also influence the epithelial barrier. Studies show that the expression of HIV proteins in the mucosal epithelium is correlated with the disruption of epithelial tight junctions, suggesting a possible enhancement of human papilloma virus infection by HIV-associated disruption of tight junctions. Altered expression of matrix metalloproteinases was demonstrated in keratinocytes transformed with human papilloma virus-16 or papilloma virus-18,. To summarize, the oral epithelium is able to react to a variety of exogenous, possibly noxious influences.
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Lamb CR, Sibbing K, Priestnall SL. PATHOLOGIC BASIS FOR RIM ENHANCEMENT OBSERVED IN COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGES OF FELINE NASOPHARYNGEAL POLYPS. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2016; 57:130-6. [DOI: 10.1111/vru.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Lamb
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services; The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms Hertfordshire AL9 7TA UK
| | - Kendall Sibbing
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services; The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms Hertfordshire AL9 7TA UK
| | - Simon L. Priestnall
- Department of Pathology and Pathogen Biology; The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms Hertfordshire AL9 7TA UK
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Divekar RD, Samant S, Rank MA, Hagan J, Lal D, O'Brien EK, Kita H. Immunological profiling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps reveals distinct VEGF and GM-CSF signatures during symptomatic exacerbations. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 45:767-78. [PMID: 25429844 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms and immune pathways associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are not fully understood. Immunological changes during acute exacerbation of CRS may provide valuable clues to the pathogenesis and perpetuation of the disease. OBJECTIVE To characterize local and systemic immune responses associated with acute worsening of sinonasal symptoms during exacerbation in CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) compared to controls. METHODS This was a non-interventional prospective study of individuals with CRSwNP and normal controls. Subjects underwent a baseline visit with collection of nasal secretions, nasal washes, and serum specimens. Within 3 days of acute worsening of sinonasal symptoms, subjects underwent a study visit, followed by a post-visit 2 weeks later. The sinonasal outcome test-22 (SNOT-22) scores and immunological parameters in the specimens were analysed using a novel, unsupervised learning method and by conventional univariate analysis. RESULTS Both CRSwNP patients and control subjects showed a significant increase in SNOT-22 scores during acute exacerbation. Increased nasal levels of IL-6, IL-5, and eosinophil major basic protein were observed in CRSwNP patients. A network analysis of serum specimens revealed changes in a set of immunological parameters, which are distinctly associated with CRSwNP but not with controls. In particular, systemic increases in VEGF and GM-CSF levels were notable and were validated by a conventional analysis. CONCLUSIONS CRSwNP patients demonstrate distinct immunological changes locally and systemically during acute exacerbation. Growth factors VEGF and GM-CSF may be involved in the immunopathogenesis of subjects with CRS and nasal polyps experiencing exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Divekar
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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23
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Yamin M, Holbrook EH, Gray ST, Busaba NY, Lovett B, Hamilos DL. Profibrotic transforming growth factor beta 1 and activin A are increased in nasal polyp tissue and induced in nasal polyp epithelium by cigarette smoke and Toll-like receptor 3 ligation. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2015; 5:573-82. [PMID: 25914020 DOI: 10.1002/alr.21516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism of airway remodeling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) remains unknown. We wished to determine whether profibrotic transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and activin A and their downstream signaling proteins are increased in CRSwNP and if they are regulated in epithelial cells by noxious or inflammatory stimuli. METHODS Frozen tissue from CRSwNP patients, healthy control (HC) middle turbinates, and sinus tissue from CRS without NP (CRSsNP) patients were immunostained for TGF-β1, activin A, and downstream signaling proteins. Primary nasal epithelial cells (PNECs) from HCs and CRSwNP patients were cultured in media, cigarette smoke extract (CSE), or double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) (a ligand for Toll-like receptor-3) and examined for inflammatory and profibrotic genes using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS CRSwNP patients showed increased TGF-β1 and activin A in the stroma, increased TGF-β1 signaling (phosphorylated Smad2/3) in the stroma and epithelium, and increased Smad3-dependent Snail1 in the stroma. Immunostaining for TGF-β1, pSmad2/3, and Snail1 in CRSwNP patients was highly correlated. Immunostaining for pSmad2/3 and Snail1 was similar in CRSwNP and CRSsNP patients. Compared to HCs, PNECs from CRSwNP patients were more responsive to CSE and dsRNA in terms of TGF-β1 and activin A and more strongly induced by dsRNA in terms of chemokines. CONCLUSION Increased TGF-β1 and activin A and increased downstream TGF-β1 signaling is present in CRSwNP patients, primarily in the stroma. This may contribute to features of airway remodeling previously described. PNECs from CRSwNP patients are induced to produce TGF-β1 and activin A by CSE and dsRNA, suggesting that cigarette smoke and viral infection might also contribute to airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moshe Yamin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Eric H Holbrook
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA
| | - Stacey T Gray
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA
| | - Nicolas Y Busaba
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA
| | - Brooke Lovett
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel L Hamilos
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Shin JM, Byun JY, Baek BJ, Lee JY. Cellular proliferation and angiogenesis in nasal polyps of young adult and geriatric patients. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2015; 5:541-6. [PMID: 25732481 DOI: 10.1002/alr.21506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular proliferation and angiogenesis are associated with pathophysiology of nasal polyposis (NP). In a previous report, we showed that patient age is a predictive factor of surgical outcomes among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and NP, and that geriatric patients exhibit better outcomes than pediatric and adult patients. We postulated that better outcomes in the geriatric population may be secondary to decreased proliferation and angiogenesis within polyps. Therefore, we evaluated the cellular proliferation and angiogenesis in young adult and geriatric patients with NP. This was a prospective case-control study. METHODS Twenty patients were divided into 2 groups according to age (20 to 30 years vs ≥65 years of age). NP tissues were sampled during endoscopic sinus surgery and processed for immunohistochemistry. Cellular proliferation was evaluated with proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki67, and angiogenesis was assessed with vascular endothelial growth factor. We also compared objective surgical outcomes using endoscopy scores. RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significantly higher expression and positive reactivity of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki67 in the polyps of young adults than in those of geriatric patients, whereas the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor was similar between the 2 groups. Endoscopy scores were better in the geriatric group. CONCLUSION Geriatric patients have a lower cellular proliferative ability than young adults, and angiogenesis does not significantly differ between the 2 age groups. Cellular proliferation seems to be the cause of the different surgical outcomes between the 2 age groups, whereas angiogenesis has no significant influence on the postoperative course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Min Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jang Yul Byun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Byoung Joon Baek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
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Tengroth L, Arebro J, Kumlien Georén S, Winqvist O, Cardell LO. Deprived TLR9 expression in apparently healthy nasal mucosa might trigger polyp-growth in chronic rhinosinusitis patients. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105618. [PMID: 25133733 PMCID: PMC4136868 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The origin of nasal polyps in chronic rhinosinusitis is unknown, but the role of viral infections in polyp growth is clinically well established. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have recently emerged as key players in our local airway defense against microbes. Among these, TLR9 has gained special interest in viral diseases. Many studies on chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) compare polyp tissue with nasal mucosa from polyp-free individuals. Knowledge about changes in the turbinate tissue bordering the polyp tissue is limited. Objectives To analyse the role of TLR9 mediated microbial defense in tissue bordering the polyp. Methods Nasal polyps and turbinate tissue from 11 patients with CRSwNP and turbinate tissue from 11 healthy controls in total were used. Five biopsies from either group were analysed immediately with flow cytometry regarding receptor expression and 6 biopsies were used for in vitro stimulation with a TLR9 agonist, CpG. Cytokine release was analysed using Luminex. Eight patients with CRSwNP in total were intranasally challenged with CpG/placebo 24 hours before surgery and the biopsies were collected and analysed as above. Results TLR9 expression was detected on turbinate epithelial cells from healthy controls and polyp epithelial cells from patients, whereas TLR9 was absent in turbinate epithelial cells from patients. CpG stimulation increased the percentage cells expressing TLR9 and decreased percentage cells expressing VEGFR2 in turbinate tissue from patients. After CpG stimulation the elevated levels of IL-6, G-CSF and MIP-1β in the turbinate tissue from patients were reduced towards the levels demonstrated in healthy controls. Conclusion Defects in the TLR9 mediated microbial defense in the mucosa adjacent to the anatomic origin of the polyp might explain virus induced polyp growth. CpG stimulation decreased VEGFR2, suggesting a role for CpG in polyp formation. The focus on turbinate tissue in patients with CRSwNP opens new perspectives in CRSwNP-research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Tengroth
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julia Arebro
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanna Kumlien Georén
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ola Winqvist
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Translational Immunology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars-Olaf Cardell
- Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Philippe C, Boussadia Y, Prulière-escabasse V, Papon JF, Clérici C, Isabey D, Coste A, Escudier E, d’Ortho MP. Airway cell involvement in intermittent hypoxia-induced airway inflammation. Sleep Breath 2015; 19:297-306. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-014-1019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Cho JS, Kang JH, Park IH, Lee HM. Steroids inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor expression via TLR4/Akt/NF-κB pathway in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 239:913-921. [DOI: 10.1177/1535370214537742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is elevated in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Steroids have anti-inflammatory properties and are ideal candidates for treating chronic inflammatory airways. The aims of this study were to identify the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of steroids on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced VEGF expression in nasal polyps. Nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts (NPDFs) were stimulated with LPS alone or with both LPS and steroids were used to determine the expression levels of toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 ( MyD88), and VEGF by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). VEGF protein level was analyzed by immunocytochemical staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Small interfering RNA (siRNA) for TLR4 was transfected to down-regulate TLR4 expression. Activation of Akt and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway on VEGF expression was determined by Western blot analysis, immunocytochemical staining, and ELISA. Nasal polyp organ cultures were stimulated with LPS alone or in conjunction with steroids or LPS-RS (TLR4 inhibitor) and accessed the expression of VEGF. Steroids decreased the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, and VEGF mRNA and VEGF protein in LPS-stimulated NPDFs. Steroids inhibited LPS-induced VEGF expression levels in dose-dependent manner. The suppression of TLR4 transcription by siRNA treatment reduced LPS-induced expression of both TLR4 and VEGF in NPDFs. Furthermore, steroids inhibited the production of VEGF by blocking Akt and NF-κB activation and preventing with NF-κB translocation. Also, steroid and TLR4 inhibitor decreased VEGF expression in nasal polyp organ cultures. These results indicate that steroids inhibit LPS-induced VEGF expression through the TLR4/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Sun Cho
- Biomedical Science, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
- Institute for Medical Devices Clinical Trial Center, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
| | - Ju-Hyung Kang
- Biomedical Science, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
| | - Il-Ho Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
| | - Heung-Man Lee
- Biomedical Science, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
- Institute for Medical Devices Clinical Trial Center, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
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Bobic S, Hox V, Callebaut I, Vinckier S, Jonckx B, Stassen JM, Jorissen M, Gevaert P, Carmeliet P, Bachert C, Ceuppens JL, Hellings PW. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 expression in nasal polyp tissue. Allergy 2014; 69:237-45. [PMID: 24127643 DOI: 10.1111/all.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Edema represents a key feature of nasal polyp (NP) disease. Members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family may be involved, but the precise role of VEGF-A, VEGF-B, placental growth factor (PlGF), and their receptors VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 in NP edema formation remains elusive. OBJECTIVE Exploring the expression of VEGF family members and their receptors and their correlation with clinical, radiological, and edema markers in NP. METHODS The expression of VEGF-A, VEGF-B, PlGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 was measured in NP (n = 23) and control tissue (n = 22) at mRNA and protein level. Edema was evaluated by measuring albumin levels and wet/dry ratios. Computed tomography (CT) scans were scored using the Lund-Mackay scoring system. IL-5 mRNA expression was determined by real-time RT-PCR. Cell suspensions from NP (n = 10) and control tissue (n = 12) were stimulated in vitro with IL-1β or TNFα. RESULTS mRNA expression of VEGFR1 and VEGF-B was significantly higher in NP compared with control tissue. Expression levels of VEGF-B and VEGFR1 significantly correlated with NP albumin content (VEGF-B: P = 0.0208; VEGFR1: P = 0.0293), CT scan scores (VEGF-B: P = 0.0075; VEGFR1: P = 0.0068), and IL-5 mRNA (VEGF-B: P = 0.0027; VEGFR1: P = 0.0001). In vitro stimulation of control and NP tissue cell suspensions with IL-1β or TNFα significantly reduced the expression of VEGFR2 in control tissue, without altering VEGFR1 and VEGF-B expression. hVEGF-B induced nitric oxide production in NP macrophages (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Expression levels of VEGFR1 and VEGF-B correlate with edema and clinical markers of NP disease and therefore represent potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Bobic
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology; Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - V. Hox
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology; Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - I. Callebaut
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology; Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - S. Vinckier
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link; Vesalius Research Center (VRC); VIB; Leuven Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link; Vesalius Research Center (VRC); Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | | | | | - M. Jorissen
- Clinical Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Catholic University Hospitals; Leuven Belgium
| | - P. Gevaert
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology; Upper Airway Research Laboratory (URL); Ghent University Hospital; Ghent Belgium
| | - P. Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link; Vesalius Research Center (VRC); VIB; Leuven Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link; Vesalius Research Center (VRC); Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - C. Bachert
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology; Upper Airway Research Laboratory (URL); Ghent University Hospital; Ghent Belgium
| | - J. L. Ceuppens
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology; Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - P. W. Hellings
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology; Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Catholic University of Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Clinical Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery; Catholic University Hospitals; Leuven Belgium
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Yazici D, Tuncer Ü, Uğuz A. The effect of corticosteroid therapy on cyclooxygenase 2, vascular endothelial growth factor, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression levels in nasal polyposis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 271:1541-7. [PMID: 24077870 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-013-2718-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nasal and oral corticosteroid therapy is the ultimate treatment for sinonasal polyposis. Although there are numerous clinical studies regarding the factors associated with the formation of nasal polyposis, there is not enough literature on how these factors are influenced by steroid treatment. Twenty-one patients that had no prior medical therapy for nasal polyposis or had received medical therapy at least 6 months earlier were included in the study. Patients were treated with oral and nasal corticosteroid therapy. Nasal polyp biopsies were taken before and after medical treatment and immunohistochemical staining for cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were applied to the specimens. In this study, we tried to demonstrate the effects of corticosteroid therapy on nasal polyposis tissue immunohistochemically. There was no change at immunohistochemical expression level of COX-2; however, the decline of immunohistochemical expression levels of VEGF and iNOS was statistically significant. Short-term steroid therapy does not affect COX-2 level of the nasal polyposis tissue, but has an influence on iNOS and VEGF levels. Our findings were harmonious with those of the previous studies of the literature. Further studies are needed to demonstrate the long-term effects with a larger patient group.
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Cho JS, Kang JH, Han IH, Um JY, Lee HM. Activation of TLR4 induces VEGF expression via Akt pathway in nasal polyps. Clin Exp Allergy 2013; 43:1038-47. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - J.-H. Kang
- Biomedical Science; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul; Korea
| | - I.-H. Han
- Biomedical Science; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul; Korea
| | - J.-Y. Um
- Biomedical Science; Korea University College of Medicine; Seoul; Korea
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Fang R, Jiang JJ, Smith BL, Wu D. Expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelia growth factor in vocal polyps. Laryngoscope 2013; 123:2184-8. [PMID: 23821497 DOI: 10.1002/lary.23743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Fang
- EENT Hospital of Fudan University; Shanghai; People's Republic of China
| | | | - Benjamin L. Smith
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; Madison; Wisconsin; U.S.A
| | - Daquan Wu
- EENT Hospital of Fudan University; Shanghai; People's Republic of China
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Han DY, Cho JS, Moon YM, Lee HR, Lee HM, Lee BD, Baek BJ. Effect of prostaglandin e2 on vascular endothelial growth factor production in nasal polyp fibroblasts. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2013; 5:224-31. [PMID: 23814676 PMCID: PMC3695237 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2013.5.4.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Angiogenesis is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. We aimed to investigate the effects of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production, the role of E-prostanoid (EP) 4 receptors, and the signal transduction pathway mediating VEGF production in nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts (NPDFs). METHODS Eight primary NPDF cultures were established from nasal polyps, which were incubated with or without PGE2. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplification of EP receptors (EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4) and immunofluorescence staining for VEGF production were performed. VEGF production via the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS All EP receptors were expressed in NPDFs. PGE2 significantly increased VEGF production concentration- and time dependently, and VEGF production was regulated by an EP4 receptor. Activation of intracellular cAMP regulated VEGF production. VEGF production was decreased by PKA and PI3K inhibitors via intracellular cAMP. CONCLUSIONS PGE2 stimulates VEGF production via the EP4 receptor in NPDFs. These results indicate that PGE2-induced VEGF production is mediated, at least partially, through cAMP-dependent signaling pathways. Therapies targeting the EP4 receptor may be effective in inhibiting the development of nasal polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yeol Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
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Yukitatsu Y, Hata M, Yamanegi K, Yamada N, Ohyama H, Nakasho K, Kojima Y, Oka H, Tsuzuki K, Sakagami M, Terada N. Decreased expression of VE-cadherin and claudin-5 and increased phosphorylation of VE-cadherin in vascular endothelium in nasal polyps. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 352:647-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1583-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Liu JG, Zhao HJ, Liu YJ, Liu YW, Wang XL. Effect of two selenium sources on hepatocarcinogenesis and several angiogenic cytokines in diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinoma rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2012; 26:255-61. [PMID: 22425635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2012.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Revised: 12/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was designed to compare the effect of two selenium sources at the dosage of therapeutic level on hepatocarcinogenesis and angiogenic cytokines in DEN-induced hepatocarcinoma rats to further approach their possible anticancer's mechanism. One hundred and seventy-eight Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (average weight being 100-120g) were randomly divided into 5 groups (I-V). Animals in group I, group II and group III served as the negative control, sodium selenite control (SS) and positive controls respectively, and received 0.1, 3.0, and 0.1mg/kg selenium from sodium selenite supplemented diets during the whole experimental time. Rats in group IV and group V were fed with selenium from selenium-enriched malt (SEM) and sodium selenite (SS) supplemented diets (3mg/kg respectively). To balance the nutritional content among each group, normal malt which was not treated with selenium was added into the diets of the challenge groups. The nutrition contents, except the selenium of the diet in each group, were similar and in accordance with NRC standards. Rats in groups III-V were treated by aqueous diethylnitrosamine solution (100mg/L) at the dosage of 10mg/kg body weight every day for 16 weeks to induce hepatocarcinoma, and drank sterilized water for an additional two weeks. Rats in group I and group II drank sterilized water throughout the experiment. At 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th week, five rats in each group were then sacrificed by cervical decapitation. At the termination of the study, at 18th week, the surplus rats were sacrificed by cervical decapitation. Feed was withheld from the rats for 12h before sampling. The number of hepatoma nodules in liver and mortality of rats were calculated. The values of the following items, including α-fetoprotein (AFP), gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), insulin-like growth factors-II (IGF-II), nitric oxide (NO) and total nitric oxide synthase (T-NOS) in plasma were determined. At the same time, the positive numbers of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and protein kinase C-α (PKCα) staining cells in tumor tissue were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using the Envision two step methods with a kit. The results indicated that SEM could significantly decrease the mortality of rats and the number of hepatoma nodules, values of GGT and AFP, and the levels of IGF-II, NO and NOS and lessen the positive numbers of VEGF and PKCα staining cells in tumor tissue. Moreover, SEM could increase the levels of TNF-α in the initiated time of hepatocarcinogenesis, whereas, decrease the levels of TNF-α in the progressive time of hepatocarcinogenesis. SS could only significantly inhibit the positive numbers of PKCα staining cells in tumor tissue, decrease the levels of GGT, AFP and TNF-α at minority sampling times, and increase the levels of NO. In conclusion, SEM could reduce the mortality. It might be related to deaden significantly the lesion of liver, delay the cause of hepatocarcinogenesis, and inhibit the progress of angiogenesis to increase the livability of DEN-induced hepatocarcinoma rats. SS at the same therapeutic dosage had less effect on the hepatocarcinogenesis by inhibiting angiogenesis and relative cytokines to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Guo Liu
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorder in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Oliveira CR, O'Brien RT, Matheson JS, Carrera I. COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF FELINE NASOPHARYNGEAL POLYPS. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2012; 53:406-11. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2012.01931.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Sitarek P, Zielinska-Blizniewska H, Dziki L, Milonski J, Przybylowska K, Mucha B, Olszewski J, Majsterek I. Association of the -14C/G MET and the -765G/C COX-2 gene polymorphisms with the risk of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in a Polish population. DNA Cell Biol 2012; 31:1258-66. [PMID: 22416915 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2011.1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is strongly associated with other diseases, including asthma and allergy. The following study tested the association of the -765 G/C polymorphism of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) encoding gene and the -14C/G polymorphism of protooncogen MET (MET) encoding gene with a risk of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in a Polish population. One hundred ninety-five patients of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps as well as 200 sex-, age-, and ethnicity-matched control subjects without chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps were enrolled in this study. Among the group of patients, 63 subjects were diagnosed with allergy and 65 subjects with asthma, respectively. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients as well as controls, and gene polymorphisms were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR). Ten percent of the samples have been confirmed by a second method single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP)-PCR. We reported that the -765 G/C COX-2 (odds ratio [OR] 7.79; 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.88-12.4, p<0.001) and the -14C/G MET (OR 2.83; 95% CI 1.74-4.61, p<0.001) were associated with an increased risk of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps among analyzed group of patients. Moreover, the group of patients without allergy or asthma indicated the association of the -765 C/G (OR 7.25; 95% CI 4.38-12.1, p<0.001 and OR 7.61; 95% CI 4.47-12.6, p<0.001) genotype of the COX-2 as wells as the -14C/G (OR 2.47; 95% CI 1.46-4.17, p<0.001 and OR 2.59; 95% CI 1.54-4.37, p<0.001) genotype of MET with an increased risk of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Finally, it was also found that the selected group of patients with allergy or asthma indicated a very strong association of the -765 G/C (OR 5.64; 95% CI 2.91-10.9 and OR 4.74; 95% CI 2.49-9.03, p<0.001, respectively) genotype of the COX-2 with an increased risk of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Thus, our results suggest that COX-2 and MET gene polymorphisms may have deep impact on the risk of rhinosinusitis nasal polyp formation, which may also depend on asthma or allergy. Our results showed that the -765 G/C polymorphism of COX-2 gene and the -14C/G polymorphism of the MET gene may be associated with the risk of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in a Polish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemyslaw Sitarek
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz , Lodz, Poland
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Jeanson L, Kelly M, Coste A, Guerrera IC, Fritsch J, Nguyen-Khoa T, Baudouin-Legros M, Papon JF, Zadigue P, Prulière-Escabasse V, Amselem S, Escudier E, Edelman A. Oxidative stress induces unfolding protein response and inflammation in nasal polyposis. Allergy 2012; 67:403-12. [PMID: 22188019 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02769.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasal polyposis, a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the upper airways, is a valuable and accessible model to investigate the mechanisms underlying chronic inflammation. The main objective of this study was to investigate a potential involvement of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the context of oxidative stress and inflammation in nasal epithelial cells from nasal polyps (NP). METHODS Epithelial cells from NP (n = 20) and normal mucosa (Controls, n = 15) in primary culture were analyzed by global proteomic approach and cell biology techniques for the glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), the spliced X-box-binding protein 1 (sXBP-1), the glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94), and the calreticulin (immunoblot, mass spectrometry, immunocytochemistry). RESULTS Proteomics analysis of human nasal epithelial cells in culture revealed the activation of the unfolded protein response in NP. Systematic cell biology and biochemical analysis of two markers (GRP78, sXBP-1) in the presence and absence of oxidative stress in NP showed a susceptibility of the unfolded protein response to oxidative stress compared to controls at least partially linked to an abnormal redox state of the protein disulfide-isomerase 4. This unfolded protein response was correlated with mitochondrial depolarization and secretion of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and was prevented by mitochondrial antioxidant. CONCLUSIONS We show the existence of UPR in nasal epithelial cells that is linked to oxidative stress leading to IL-8 and LTB4 secretions. These mechanisms may participate in chronic inflammation in nasal polyposis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Kelly
- INSERM; U845; Université Paris Descartes; Paris; France
| | | | | | - J. Fritsch
- INSERM; U845; Université Paris Descartes; Paris; France
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Park SK, Kim HI, Yang YI, Hur DY. Effects of methotrexate on vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin 1, and angiopoietin 2 in nasal polyps. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2011; 25:e129-32. [PMID: 21819747 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2011.25.3618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methotrexate (MTX) is a very effective treatment for chronic inflammatory diseases, which are often associated with increased angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is dependent on a perfectly coordinated balance between endogenous-positive and -negative regulatory factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the angiopoietins (Ang). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of MTX on levels of VEGF, Ang-1, and Ang-2 in organ-cultured nasal polyps (NPs). METHODS To determine the effects of MTX, NP tissues were cultured using an air-liquid interface method. Cultures were maintained in the absence or presence of MTX (10 or 100 micromoles) for 24 hours. Hematoxylin and eosin, and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase [Tdt]-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling) staining were performed to observe apoptosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to quantify tissue concentrations of VEGF, Ang-1, and Ang-2. RESULTS MTX treatment resulted in marked alterations in inflammatory cells, especially eosinophils. In contrast, the mucosal epithelium, microvessels including arterioles, veins and capillaries, and fibroblasts maintained their structure. TUNEL(+) cells (apoptotic cells) were seen in the MTX-treated specimens. The more induction of TUNEL(+) cells was observed 100-micromolar MTX-treated specimens. VEGF and Ang-1 levels were significantly lower, and Ang-2 levels were significantly higher in NPs treated with 100-micromolar MTX than in nontreated NPs (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION MTX may inhibit the growth of NPs via local regulation of VEGF, Ang-1, and Ang-2 protein levels. We suggest that MTX can be used to treat NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Kook Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Inje University School of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea.
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Shimizu S, Gabazza EC, Ogawa T, Tojima I, Hoshi E, Kouzaki H, Shimizu T. Role of thrombin in chronic rhinosinusitis-associated tissue remodeling. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2011; 25:7-11. [PMID: 21711961 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2011.25.3535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombin, the effector enzyme of the coagulation system, has been reported to promote inflammatory responses in nasal diseases through its protease-activated receptors (PARs). Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is characterized by increased deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, tissue remodeling, and formation of nasal polyps. The role of thrombin in chronic nasal inflammation-associated tissue remodeling still has not been appraised. This study was conducted to elucidate the role of thrombin in the pathogenesis of CRS. METHODS Nasal secretion was collected from patients with CRS with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) with asthma (n = 9), CRSwNP without asthma (n = 10), allergic rhinitis (n = 7), and control patients (n = 3). The concentrations of thrombin, thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) complex, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were evaluated by enzyme immunoassays. The concentration of thrombin and TAT complex was measured in nasal secretion from each group of patients, and VEGF was measured in culture medium from airway epithelial cells treated with thrombin or thrombin receptor agonist peptide. RESULTS Thrombin and TAT complex were significantly increased in nasal secretion of patients with CRSwNPs with asthma compared with the control group. Thrombin and PAR-1 agonist peptide significantly stimulated VEGF secretion from cultured human airway epithelial cells. CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that there is increased activation of the coagulation system in the nasal mucosa of CRS patients and that thrombin may play a role in nasal polyp formation by stimulating VEGF production from airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shino Shimizu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.
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Eloy P, Poirrier AL, De Dorlodot C, Van Zele T, Watelet JB, Bertrand B. Actual concepts in rhinosinusitis: a review of clinical presentations, inflammatory pathways, cytokine profiles, remodeling, and management. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2011; 11:146-62. [PMID: 21274665 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-011-0180-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rhinosinusitis (RS) is a heterogeneous group of diseases. It is a significant and increasing health problem that affects about 15% of the population in Western countries. It has a substantial impact on patients’ health-related quality of life and daily functioning and represents a huge financial burden to society and the health care system as a result of the direct and indirect costs. In addition, RS is not well-understood, and little is known about the etiology and pathophysiology. In the past decade, many papers have been published that have changed our understanding of RS. RS is commonly classified into acute and chronic RS based on symptom duration. In acute RS, an inflammatory reaction initiated by a viral infection characterizes most uncomplicated, mild to moderate cases. Therefore, the first line of treatment for these cases are intranasal steroids and not antibiotics. In severe and complicated cases, antibiotics combined with topical steroids remain the treatment of choice. On the other hand, chronic RS is actually subdivided into two distinct entities (chronic rhinosinusitis with and without polyps), as growing evidence indicates that these entities have specific inflammatory pathways and cytokine profiles. The authors review recent data regarding the clinical presentations, cytokine profiles, tissue remodeling, and modalities of treatment for each form of RS.
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Perniola G, Marchetti C, Caradio F, Tomao F, Benedetti Panici P. Epistaxis in Weekly Paclitaxel Regimen: Is it Really Related to Schedule? Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2011; 108:77-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2010.00641.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Background Eosinophils are involved in various inflammatory processes including allergic inflammation during which angiogenesis has been documented. Angiogenesis is most likely connected to the hypoxia which characterizes inflamed tissues. Eosinophils produce VEGF and are pro-angiogenic. However, to the best of our knowledge no study has been performed to verify the existence of a direct link between eosinophils, hypoxia and angiogenesis in allergic inflammation. Objective To characterize eosinophil function and angiogenic potential under hypoxic conditions. Methods Human peripheral blood eosinophils were cultured in normoxic or hypoxic conditions with or without cytokines. Viability and apoptosis were assessed by Annexin V/PI staining. Anti- or pro-apoptotic protein levels, HIF-1α levels and MAPK phosphorylation were analyzed by immunoblot analysis. Angiogenic mediator release was evaluated by ELISA. Results Hypoxic eosinophils were more viable than normoxic ones after up to three days. In addition in hypoxia, anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL protein levels increased more than pro-apoptotic Bax levels. Hypoxia increased VEGF and IL-8 release. In hypoxic eosinophils high levels of HIF-1α were observed, particularly in the presence of GM-CSF. MAPK, particularly ERK1/2 inhibitors, decreased hypoxia-mediated VEGF release and HIF-1α expression. Conclusion Eosinophils respond to hypoxia by up-regulation of survival and of some of their pro-angiogenic functions indicating a correlation between eosinophilic inflammation and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon H Nissim Ben Efraim
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Castano R, Bossé Y, Endam LM, Filali-Mouhim A, Desrosiers M. c-MET pathway involvement in chronic rhinosinusitis: a genetic association analysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010; 142:665-71.e1-2. [PMID: 20416453 DOI: 10.1016/j.otohns.2010.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Revised: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The c-MET receptor and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has been shown to be overexpressed in tissue from chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients with nasal polyps compared with that from controls. We assessed the genetic association of polymorphisms in the met proto-oncogene (MET) gene with CRS. STUDY DESIGN Case-control genetic association study. SETTING Tertiary-care university hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 206 unrelated Canadian patients with CRS and 196 control subjects were enrolled. Subjects were genotyped for 33 polymorphisms in the MET gene. RESULTS The allelic association analysis showed eight single nucleotide polymorphisms in the MET gene (rs38850, rs38855, rs38857, rs2237717, rs2402118, rs193688, rs1621, rs42336) with a statistically significant association with CRS. The rs38850 T allele showed the strongest association and the highest risk for CRS (P = 0.004; odds ratio 1.65, 95% confidence interval 1.18-2.32); the association did not reach statistical significance after adjustment for genomic control (P = 0.06). The haplotype TGG constructed of markers rs38850, rs38855, and rs38857 represented a risk haplotype, resulting in a P value of 0.003 that remained significant after correction for multiple testing (P = 0.018). CONCLUSION These data suggest that polymorphisms in the MET gene may play a role in the susceptibility to develop CRS. Study findings apply to patients with severe CRS unresponsive to surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Castano
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Liu JG, Zhao HJ, Liu YJ, Wang XL. Effect of selenium-enriched malt on VEGF and several relevant angiogenic cytokines in diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinoma rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2010; 24:52-7. [PMID: 20122581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2009.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2007] [Revised: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 10/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and ninety-three Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (average body weight 100-120g) were randomly divided into five groups (I-V). Groups I and II rats served as the negative and positive controls respectively and both received 0.1mg/kg Se from sodium selenite supplemented diets for the 18-week experimental period. Groups III-V rats were fed Se from SEM supplemented diets (0.3, 1 and 3mg/kg respectively). To induce hepatocarcinoma, groups II-V rats received diethylnitrosamine solution (100mg/L) at the dosage of 10mg/kg body weight in drinking water daily for 16 weeks, followed by sterilized water for a further 2 weeks. Group I rats received sterilized water throughout. At weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16 five rats in each group were sacrificed by cervical decapitation. At the termination of the study, at week 18, the surplus rats were sacrificed by cervical decapitation. Feed was withheld from the rats for 12 h before sampling. The following items including TNF-alpha, IGF-II, NO and T-NOS levels in plasma were tested using kit techniques. At the same time the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tumor tissue was analyzed by immunohistochemistry using the envision two-step methods with a kit. The results indicated that SEM could increase the levels of TNF-alpha in the early stages of hepatocarcinoma formation, however there was a decrease in the later stage of hepatocarcinogenesis. SEM could also significantly decrease the levels of IGF-II and NO, and inhibit the expression of VEGF in tumor tissue. SEM delayed the development of hepatocarcinoma in rats and that could be partially attributed to inhibition of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Guo Liu
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorder in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210095, China
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Lazard DS, Moore A, Hupertan V, Martin C, Escabasse V, Dreyfus P, Burgel PR, Amselem S, Escudier E, Coste A. Muco-ciliary differentiation of nasal epithelial cells is decreased after wound healing in vitro. Allergy 2009; 64:1136-43. [PMID: 19245428 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial damage and modifications of cell differentiation are frequent in airway diseases with chronic inflammation, in which transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) plays an important role. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differentiation of human nasal epithelial cells (HNEC) after wound healing and the potential effects of TGF-beta1. METHODS Basal, mucus, and ciliated cells were characterized by cytokeratin-14, MUC5AC, and betaIV tubulin immunodetection, respectively. Their expression was evaluated in situ in nasal polyps and in an in vitro model of wound healing in primary cultures of HNEC after wound closure, under basal conditions and after TGF-beta1 supplementation. Using RT-PCR, the effects of TGF-beta1 on MUC5AC and DNAI1 genes, specifically transcribed in mucus and ciliated cells, were evaluated. RESULTS In situ, high TGF-beta1 expression was associated with low MUC5AC and betaIV tubulin expression. In vitro, under basal conditions, MUC5AC expression remained stable, cytokeratin-14 expression was strong and decreased with time, while betaIV tubulin expression increased. Transforming growth factor-beta1 supplementation downregulated MUC5AC and betaIV tubulin expression as well as MUC5AC and DNAI1 transcripts. CONCLUSION After a wound, differentiation into mucus and ciliated cells was possible and partially inhibited in vitro by TGF-beta1, a cytokine that may be involved in epithelial remodeling observed in chronic airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Lazard
- INSERM U955 and Université Paris 12, Créteil, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
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Xu Q, Izumi K, Tobita T, Nakanishi Y, Feinberg SE. Constitutive release of cytokines by human oral keratinocytes in an organotypic culture. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009; 67:1256-64. [PMID: 19446213 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2009.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2008] [Accepted: 02/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Food and Drug Administration requires an accurate determination of the dose and potency of tissue-engineered or combination products as is required for drugs. This needs to be done as a rapid, quantitative, and noninvasive measurement of biologic function/activity in a way so as not to perturb the tissue-engineered product being developed. The aim of this study was to correlate constitutive release of cytokine(s) from unstimulated cells, at different stages of development, within a 3-dimensional (3D) organotypic ex vivo produced oral mucosa equivalent (EVPOME) to be used for intraoral grafting, with oral keratinocyte cell viability of the EVPOME. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tissue culture medium was assayed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from monolayer culture of oral keratinocytes and a 3D EVPOME to determine the constitutive release of interleukin (IL) 1alpha, IL-6, IL-8, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF messenger ribonucleic acid expression by oral keratinocytes within the 3D EVPOME was detected by in situ hybridization at days 4, 7, and 11. The number of viable oral keratinocytes within the EVPOME was extrapolated from VEGF release by use of a modified MTT assay. RESULTS Both VEGF release level and the number of viable cells in the monolayer cultures and 3D EVPOME as measured by MTT assay significantly increased in a time-dependent manner (P < .001, r = 0.743). CONCLUSION These results suggest that the increasing detectable levels of VEGF associated with the increasing number of viable cells in the EVPOME may provide a useful noninvasive/nondestructive means of assessing both cellular viability (dose) and biologic function/activity (potency) of a combination cell-based device such as the EVPOME.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To determine the roles of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Angiopoietin (Ang)-1, and Ang-2 in nasal polyps (NPs) by assaying expression patterns and evaluating the effects of dexamethasone (DEX) on these factors in organ cultured NPs. STUDY DESIGN Prospective. METHODS Expression patterns of VEGF, Ang-1, and Ang-2 in NPs were compared with those in inferior turbinate mucosa samples. Tissue samples were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescent staining methods. To determine the effects of DEX, NP tissues were cultured using an air-liquid interface method. Cultures were maintained in the absence or presence of DEX (10 microM or 100 microM) for 24 hours, and tissue samples analyzed with ELISA. RESULTS VEGF and Ang-1 levels were significantly higher, whereas the Ang-2 level was significantly lower in NPs, compared to inferior turbinate mucosa (P < .05). In NPs, VEGF and Ang-1 were detected in glandular epithelial, vascular endothelial, as well as stromal inflammatory cells, whereas Ang-2 was detected only in stromal inflammatory cells. VEGF and Ang-1 levels were significantly lower, while Ang-2 levels were significantly higher in 100 microM DEX-treated group than nontreated group (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Imbalance among VEGF, Ang 1, and Ang 2 may be important in the angiogenesis of NPs. Moreover, DEX can control the expression of these factors in NPs. We suggest that VEGF and Ang-1 act as positive regulatory factors, and Ang-2 functions as a negative regulatory factor of angiogenesis in NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Kook Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inje University School of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Pusanjin-Ku, Busan, Korea.
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Park SK, Jang WH, Yang Y. Expression of pro-angiogenic cytokines and their inhibition by dexamethasone in an ex vivo model of nasal polyps. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 379:255-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2008] [Accepted: 12/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Prulière-Escabasse V, Escudier E, Balheda R, Soria JC, Coste A, Massard C. Rhinitis and epistaxis in patients treated by anti-angiogenic therapy. Invest New Drugs 2008; 27:285-6. [PMID: 18754078 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-008-9168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 07/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapies have a particular drug-related toxicity profile including hypertension, thrombosis, haemorrhages, and proteinuria. Moreover, patients treated by angiogenesis inhibitors present nasal symptoms including symptomatic rhinitis and epistaxis. For the first time, a new entity of "atrophic rhinitis" induced by angiogenesis inhibitors is described and revealed that angiogenesis inhibitors alter the differentiation of nasal epithelium. VEGF may act on epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation in nasal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Prulière-Escabasse
- Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Hôpitaux H. Mondor (Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris) et Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Paris, France
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Rostkowska-Nadolska B, Kapral M, Mazurek U, Gawron W, Bochnia M, Preś K. [The profile of expression of transforming growth factor beta1 and TGFbetaRI, TGFbetaRII and TGFbetaRIII genes in nasal polyps]. Otolaryngol Pol 2008; 61:944-50. [PMID: 18546940 DOI: 10.1016/s0030-6657(07)70558-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) plays an important role in cells proliferation and differentiation as well as in local immunological response. OBJECTIVES An evaluation of genes expression profile for TGF-beta1 and its receptors TGF-betaRI, TGF-beta RII and TGF-beta betaRIII as well as their potential role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps in eosynophilic and neutrophilic polyps and in normal nasal mucosa. MATERIAL Material consisted of 22 patients. Nasal polyps were removed during standard polypectomy or FESS. In the histopathological evaluation there were 16 eosynophilic polyps and 5 neutrophilic ones. The control group consisted of 8 healthy patients from whom healthy nasal mucosa was taken during nasal septoplasty. METHODS The expression of the genes coding TGF-beta and its receptors was evaluated with the use of RT-PCR technique. RESULTS TGF-beta1 mRNA was present in 10 eosynophilic polyps out of 16. In neutrophilic polyps group (n = 6) mRNA TGFbeta-1 was present in 3 samples. TGFbeta-1 isoform was present in all the tissues of the control group. It was significantly larger expression of TGFbeta-1 gene in normal mucosa in comparison with eosinophilic and neutrophilic polyps (p < 0.05). The expression of genes coding TGFbetaRI, TGF-betaRII and TGF-betaRIII receptors was obtained in all the polyps and healthy tissues. There was no significant differences in the transcription activity of the receptors in polyps and in the healthy tissue. CONCLUSIONS Considering regulative function of TGFbeta1 in inflammation processes, its low concentration in nasal polyps tissue may influence on migration and survival of inflammation cells. The high expression of genes coding TGFbetaRI, TGF-betaRII and TGF-betaRIII receptors in all the polyps and healthy tissues, show readiness to transduction of TGFbeta. It may suggest that, less intensive TGFbeta1 expression in nasal polyps may be connected with the presence of other than first TGFbeta isoforms. This problem needs further investigations to set precise role of individual TGFbeta isoforms and other growth factors in the pathogenesis of NSP as their interactions with local cytokines. It may help to work out more effective and specific therapeutic methods in nasal polyps therapy.
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