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Szymanowska A, Radomska D, Czarnomysy R, Mojzych M, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Bielawski K, Bielawska A. The activity of pyrazolo[4,3- e][1,2,4]triazine and pyrazolo[4,3- e]tetrazolo[1,5- b][1,2,4]triazine sulphonamide derivatives in monolayer and spheroid breast cancer cell cultures. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2343352. [PMID: 38700244 PMCID: PMC11073428 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2343352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, an increasing interest in compounds containing pyrazolo[4,3-e][1,2,4]triazine moiety is observed. Therefore, the aim of the research was to synthesise a novel sulphonyl pyrazolo[4,3-e][1,2,4]triazines (2a, 2b) and pyrazolo[4,3-e]tetrazolo[1,5-b][1,2,4]triazine sulphonamide derivatives (3a, 3b) to assess their anticancer activity. The MTT assay showed that 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b have stronger cytotoxic activity than cisplatin in both breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and exhibited weaker effect on normal breast cells (MCF-10A). The obtained results showed that the most active compound 3b increased apoptosis via caspase 9, caspase 8, and caspase 3/7. It is worth to note that compound 3b suppressed NF-κB expression and promoted p53, Bax, and ROS which play important role in activation of apoptosis. Moreover, our results confirmed that compound 3b triggers autophagy through increased formation of autophagosomes, expression of beclin-1 and mTOR inhibition. Thus, our study defines a possible mechanism underlying 3b-induced anti-cancer activity against breast cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szymanowska
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dominika Radomska
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Robert Czarnomysy
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mariusz Mojzych
- Department of Chemistry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Bielawski
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Bielawska
- Department of Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Zhang Y, He X, Gu L, Li S, Tang J, Ma R, Yang H, Peng Z. Mefunidone ameliorates acute liver failure in mice by inhibiting MKK4-JNK pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116267. [PMID: 38723721 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a critical condition that can lead to substantial liver dysfunction. It is characterized by complex clinical manifestations and rapid progression, presenting significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment. We investigated the protective effect of mefunidone (MFD), a novel antifibrosis pyridone agent, on ALF in mice, and explored its potential mechanism of action. MFD pretreatment can alleviate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and d-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced ALF, reduce hepatocyte apoptosis, and reduce inflammation and oxidative stress. Additionally, MFD alleviated LPS/D-GalN-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell death in AML12 cells. RNA sequencing enrichment analysis showed that MFD significantly affected the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway. In vivo and in vitro experiments showed that MFD inhibited MKK4 and JNK phosphorylation. JNK activation caused by MKK4 and JNK activators could eliminate the therapeutic effect of MFD on AML12. In addition, MFD pretreatment alleviated ConA-induced ALF, reduced inflammation and oxidative stress in mice, and reduced mouse mortality. These results suggest that MFD can potentially protect against ALF, partially by inhibiting the MKK4-JNK pathway, and is a promising new therapeutic drug for ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410008, China; National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410008, China; National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410008, China; National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Shenglan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410008, China; National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410008, China; National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ruixue Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410008, China; National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Huixiang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410008, China; National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Zhangzhe Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Key Lab of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410008, China; National International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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Guo Q, Jin Y, Chen X, Ye X, Shen X, Lin M, Zeng C, Zhou T, Zhang J. NF-κB in biology and targeted therapy: new insights and translational implications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:53. [PMID: 38433280 PMCID: PMC10910037 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
NF-κB signaling has been discovered for nearly 40 years. Initially, NF-κB signaling was identified as a pivotal pathway in mediating inflammatory responses. However, with extensive and in-depth investigations, researchers have discovered that its role can be expanded to a variety of signaling mechanisms, biological processes, human diseases, and treatment options. In this review, we first scrutinize the research process of NF-κB signaling, and summarize the composition, activation, and regulatory mechanism of NF-κB signaling. We investigate the interaction of NF-κB signaling with other important pathways, including PI3K/AKT, MAPK, JAK-STAT, TGF-β, Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog, and TLR signaling. The physiological and pathological states of NF-κB signaling, as well as its intricate involvement in inflammation, immune regulation, and tumor microenvironment, are also explicated. Additionally, we illustrate how NF-κB signaling is involved in a variety of human diseases, including cancers, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, neurological diseases, and COVID-19. Further, we discuss the therapeutic approaches targeting NF-κB signaling, including IKK inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, proteasome inhibitors, nuclear translocation inhibitors, DNA binding inhibitors, TKIs, non-coding RNAs, immunotherapy, and CAR-T. Finally, we provide an outlook for research in the field of NF-κB signaling. We hope to present a stereoscopic, comprehensive NF-κB signaling that will inform future research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270, Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizi Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270, Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med-X Stem Cell Research Center, Shanghai Cancer Institute & Department of Urology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Ye
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxi Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270, Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270, Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270, Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, No. 270, Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Wang Y, Guo D, Winkler R, Lei X, Wang X, Messina J, Luo J, Lu H. Development of novel liver-targeting glucocorticoid prodrugs. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2024; 21:100172. [PMID: 38390434 PMCID: PMC10883687 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2023.100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used in the treatment of inflammatory liver diseases and sepsis, but GC's various side effects on extrahepatic tissues limit their clinical benefits. Liver-targeting GC therapy may have multiple advantages over systemic GC therapy. The purpose of this study was to develop novel liver-targeting GC prodrugs as improved treatment for inflammatory liver diseases and sepsis. Methods A hydrophilic linker or an ultra-hydrophilic zwitterionic linker carboxylic betaine (CB) was used to bridge cholic acid (CA) and dexamethasone (DEX) to generate transporter-dependent liver-targeting GC prodrugs CA-DEX and the highly hydrophilic CA-CB-DEX. The efficacy of liver-targeting DEX prodrugs and DEX were determined in primary human hepatocytes (PHH), macrophages, human whole blood, and/or mice with sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture. Results CA-DEX was moderately water soluble, whereas CA-CB-DEX was highly water soluble. CA-CB-DEX and CA-DEX displayed highly transporter-dependent activities in reporter assays. Data mining found marked dysregulation of many GR-target genes important for lipid catabolism, cytoprotection, and inflammation in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. These key GR-target genes were similarly and rapidly (within 6 h) induced or down-regulated by CA-CB-DEX and DEX in PHH. CA-CB-DEX had much weaker inhibitory effects than DEX on endotoxin-induced cytokines in mouse macrophages and human whole blood. In contrast, CA-CB-DEX exerted more potent anti-inflammatory effects than DEX in livers of septic mice. Conclusions CA-CB-DEX demonstrated good hepatocyte-selectivity in vitro and better anti-inflammatory effects in vivo. Further test of CA-CB-DEX as a novel liver-targeting GC prodrug for inflammatory liver diseases and sepsis is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Dandan Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Rebecca Winkler
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Xiaohong Lei
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Jennifer Messina
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Juntao Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
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5
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Cornice J, Verzella D, Arboretto P, Vecchiotti D, Capece D, Zazzeroni F, Franzoso G. NF-κB: Governing Macrophages in Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:197. [PMID: 38397187 PMCID: PMC10888451 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the major component of the tumor microenvironment (TME), where they sustain tumor progression and or-tumor immunity. Due to their plasticity, macrophages can exhibit anti- or pro-tumor functions through the expression of different gene sets leading to distinct macrophage phenotypes: M1-like or pro-inflammatory and M2-like or anti-inflammatory. NF-κB transcription factors are central regulators of TAMs in cancers, where they often drive macrophage polarization toward an M2-like phenotype. Therefore, the NF-κB pathway is an attractive therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy in a wide range of human tumors. Hence, targeting NF-κB pathway in the myeloid compartment is a potential clinical strategy to overcome microenvironment-induced immunosuppression and increase anti-tumor immunity. In this review, we discuss the role of NF-κB as a key driver of macrophage functions in tumors as well as the principal strategies to overcome tumor immunosuppression by targeting the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Cornice
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (J.C.); (P.A.)
| | - Daniela Verzella
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (D.V.); (D.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Paola Arboretto
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (J.C.); (P.A.)
| | - Davide Vecchiotti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (D.V.); (D.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Daria Capece
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (D.V.); (D.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Francesca Zazzeroni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (D.V.); (D.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Guido Franzoso
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (J.C.); (P.A.)
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Das N, Mukherjee S, Das A, Gupta P, Bandyopadhyay A, Chattopadhyay S. Intra-tumor ROS amplification by melatonin interferes in the apoptosis-autophagy-inflammation-EMT collusion in the breast tumor microenvironment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23870. [PMID: 38226217 PMCID: PMC10788523 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological as well as experimental studies have established that the pineal hormone melatonin has inhibitory effects on different types of cancers. Several mechanisms have been proposed for the anticancer activities of melatonin, but the fundamental molecular pathways still require clarity. We developed a mouse model of breast cancer using Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (injected in the 4th mammary fat pad of female Swiss albino mice) and investigated the possibility of targeting the autophagy-inflammation-EMT colloquy to restrict breast tumor progression using melatonin as intervention. Contrary to its conventional antioxidant role, melatonin was shown to augment intracellular ROS and initiate ROS-dependent apoptosis in our system, by modulating the p53/JNK & NF-κB/pJNK expressions/interactions. Melatonin-induced ROS promoted SIRT1 activity. Interplay between SIRT1 and NF-κB/p65 is known to play a pivotal role in regulating the crosstalk between autophagy and inflammation. Persistent inflammation in the tumor microenvironment and subsequent activation of the IL-6/STAT3/NF-κB feedback loop promoted EMT and suppression of autophagy through activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Melatonin disrupted NF-κB/SIRT1 interactions blocking IL-6/STAT3/NF-κB pathway. This led to reversal of pro-inflammatory bias in the breast tumor microenvironment and augmented autophagic responses. The interactions between p62/Twist1, NF-κB/Beclin1 and NF-κB/Slug were altered by melatonin to strike a balance between autophagy, inflammation and EMT, leading to tumor regression. This study provides critical insights into how melatonin could be utilized in treating breast cancer via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling and differential modulation of SIRT1 and NF-κB proteins, leading to the establishment of apoptotic and autophagic fates in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmal Das
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009, India
| | - Sudeshna Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009, India
- Department of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Amity Institute of Health Allied Sciences, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankur Das
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009, India
| | - Payal Gupta
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009, India
| | - Amit Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009, India
| | - Sreya Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009, India
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CRNN), University of Calcutta, JD-2, Salt Lake, Sector III, Kolkata-700098, India
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7
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Merino-Vico A, van Hamburg JP, Tuijnenburg P, Frazzei G, Al-Soudi A, Bonasia CG, Helder B, Rutgers A, Abdulahad WH, Stegeman CA, Sanders JS, Bergamaschi L, Lyons PA, Bijma T, van Keep L, Wesenhagen K, Jongejan A, Olsson H, de Vries N, Kuijpers TW, Heeringa P, Tas SW. Targeting NF-κB signaling in B cells as a potential new treatment modality for ANCA-associated vasculitis. J Autoimmun 2024; 142:103133. [PMID: 37931331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
B lineage cells are critically involved in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), evidenced by alterations in circulating B cell subsets and beneficial clinical effects of rituximab (anti-CD20) therapy. This treatment renders a long-term, peripheral B cell depletion, but allows for the survival of long-lived plasma cells. Therefore, there is an unmet need for more reversible and full B lineage cell targeting approaches. To find potential novel therapeutic targets, RNA sequencing of CD27+ memory B cells of patients with active AAV was performed, revealing an upregulated NF-κB-associated gene signature. NF-κB signaling pathways act downstream of various B cell surface receptors, including the BCR, CD40, BAFFR and TLRs, and are essential for B cell responses. Here we demonstrate that novel pharmacological inhibitors of NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK, non-canonical NF-κB signaling) and inhibitor-of-κB-kinase-β (IKKβ, canonical NF-κB signaling) can effectively inhibit NF-κB signaling in B cells, whereas T cell responses were largely unaffected. Moreover, both inhibitors significantly reduced B cell proliferation, differentiation and production of antibodies, including proteinase-3 (PR3) autoantibodies, in B lineage cells of AAV patients. These findings indicate that targeting NF-κB, particularly NIK, may be an effective, novel B lineage cell targeted therapy for AAV and other autoimmune diseases with prominent B cell involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Merino-Vico
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Piet van Hamburg
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Tuijnenburg
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Giulia Frazzei
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aram Al-Soudi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carlo G Bonasia
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 EA11, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Boy Helder
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Abraham Rutgers
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 EA11, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wayel H Abdulahad
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 EA11, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 EA11, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Coen A Stegeman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 EA11, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan-Stephan Sanders
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 EA11, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Bergamaschi
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffre Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Paul A Lyons
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffre Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Theo Bijma
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 EA11, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Laura van Keep
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Wesenhagen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Bioinformatics Laboratory, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henric Olsson
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niek de Vries
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Heeringa
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1 EA11, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sander W Tas
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology and immunology Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Ding S, Wang H, Liao Y, Chen R, Hu Y, Wu H, Shen H, Tang S. HPV16 E7 protein antagonizes TNF-α-induced apoptosis of cervical cancer cells via Daxx/JNK pathway. Microb Pathog 2023; 185:106423. [PMID: 37871853 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 protein as an important viral factor was involved in the progression of cervical cancer by mediating the cellular signaling pathways. Daxx (Death domain-associated protein) can interact with a variety of proteins to affect the viral infection process. However, the interaction and its related function between HPV16 E7 and Daxx have not been adequately investigated. Here, it was found that HPV16 E7 can interact with Daxx in HeLa or C33A cells by co-immunoprecipitation. HPV16 E7 protein treatment can up-regulate Daxx protein expression, while the interference in Daxx expression and the agonists for JNK can both reduce the antagonistic effects of HPV16 E7 on TNF-α-induced apoptosis, suggesting that Daxx/JNK pathway may be involved in the anti-apoptotic activity of HPV16 E7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ding
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, University of South China / Hunan Provincial Veterans Administration Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Hanmeng Wang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yaqi Liao
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Ranzhong Chen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Hongrong Wu
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Haiyan Shen
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shuangyang Tang
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
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He W, Wang X, Chen M, Li C, Chen W, Pan L, Cui Y, Yu Z, Wu G, Yang Y, Xu M, Dong Z, Ma K, Wang J, He Z. Metformin reduces hepatocarcinogenesis by inducing downregulation of Cyp26a1 and CD8 + T cells. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1465. [PMID: 37997519 PMCID: PMC10668005 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly heterogeneous cancer with major challenges in both prevention and therapy. Metformin, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator, has been suggested to reduce the incidence of HCC when used for patients with diabetes in preclinical and clinical studies. However, the possible effects of metformin and their mechanisms of action in non-diabetic HCC have not been adequately investigated. METHODS Fah-/- mice were used to construct a liver-injury-induced non-diabetic HCC model for exploring hepatocarcinogenesis and therapeutic potential of metformin. Changes in relevant tumour and biochemical indicators were measured. Bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses were performed to validate the crucial role of proinflammatory/pro-tumour CD8+ T cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to confirm Cyp26a1-related antitumour mechanisms of metformin. RESULTS RNA-sequencing analysis showed that chronic liver injury led to significant changes in AMPK-, glucose- and retinol metabolism-related pathways in Fah-/- mice. Metformin prevented the formation of non-diabetic HCC in Fah-/- mice with chronic liver injury. Cyp26a1 ddexpression in hepatocytes was significantly suppressed after metformin treatment. Moreover, downregulation of Cyp26a1 occurred in conjunction with increased levels of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA), which is involved in the activation of metformin-suppressed hepatocarcinogenesis in Fah-/- mice. In contrast, both CD8+ T-cell infiltration and proinflammatory/pro-tumour cytokines in the liver were significantly upregulated in Fah-/- mice during chronic liver injury, which was notably reversed by either metformin or atRA treatment. Regarding mechanisms, metformin regulated the decrease in Cyp26a1 enzyme expression and increased atRA expression via the AMPK/STAT3/Gadd45β/JNK/c-Jun pathway. CONCLUSIONS Metformin inhibits non-diabetic HCC by upregulating atRA levels and downregulating CD8+ T cells. This is the first reporting that the traditional drug metformin regulates the metabolite atRA via the Cyp26a1-involved pathway. The present study provides a potential application of metformin and atRA in non-diabetic HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhi He
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghaiChina
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, International Co‐Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Institutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghaiChina
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Miaomiao Chen
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Chong Li
- Zhoupu Community Health Service Center of Pudong New AreaShanghaiChina
| | - Wenjian Chen
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lili Pan
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yangyang Cui
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Postgraduate Training Base of Shanghai East HospitalJinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhouLiaoningChina
| | - Zhao Yu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Guoxiu Wu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Mingyang Xu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zhaoxuan Dong
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Keming Ma
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jinghan Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryShanghai East Hospital, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhiying He
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Ji'an Hospital, Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational MedicineShanghaiChina
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Hori T, Yokobori K, Moore R, Negishi M, Sueyoshi T. CAR requires Gadd45β to promote phenobarbital-induced mouse liver tumors in early stage. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1217847. [PMID: 37746289 PMCID: PMC10516603 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1217847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenobarbital (PB) is an archetypal substance used as a mouse hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) promotor in established experimental protocols. Our previous results showed CAR is the essential factor for PB induced HCC promotion. Subsequent studies suggested Gadd45β, which is induced by PB through CAR activation, is collaborating with CAR to repress TNF-α induced cell death. Here, we used Gadd45β null mice (Gadd45β KO) treated with N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at 5 weeks of age and kept the mice with PB supplemented drinking water from 7 to 57 weeks old. Compared with wild type mice, Gadd45β KO mice developed no HCC in the PB treated group. Increases in liver weight were more prominent in wild type mice than KO mice. Microarray analysis of mRNA derived from mouse livers found multiple genes specifically up or down regulated in wild type mice but not null mice in DEN + PB groups. Further qPCR analysis confirmed two genes, Tgfbr2 and irisin/Fndc5, were up-regulated in PB treated wild type mice but no significant increase was observed in Gadd45β KO mice. We focused on these two genes because previous reports showed that hepatic Irisin/Fndc5 expression was significantly higher in HCC patients and that irisin binds to TGF-β receptor complex that includes TGFBR2 subunit. Our results revealed irisin peptide in cell culture media increased the growth rate of mouse hepatocyte-derived AML12 cells. Microarray analysis revealed that irisin-regulated genes in AML12 cells showed a significant association with the genes in the TGF-β pathway. Expression of irisin/Fndc5 and Tgfbr2 induced growth of human HCC cell line HepG2. Thus, Gadd45β plays an indispensable role in mouse HCC development regulating the irisin/Fndc5 and Tgfbr2 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Hori
- Pharmacogenetics Section, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health,
Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
- Department of Biomechanics, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering (IBB), Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yokobori
- Pharmacogenetics Section, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health,
Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Rick Moore
- Pharmacogenetics Section, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health,
Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Masahiko Negishi
- Pharmacogenetics Section, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health,
Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Tatsuya Sueyoshi
- Pharmacogenetics Section, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health,
Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
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Zhang H, Cai D, Bai X. Response to: Correspondence on 'Mechanical overloading promotes chondrocyte senescence and osteoarthritis development through downregulating FBXW7' by Loeser et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2023; 82:e208. [PMID: 35705374 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-222710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daozhang Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Puwei S, Jiali X, Zhuoga D, Kede W, Patel N, Jia A, Jirong Q, Xuming M. Bioinformatic analysis identifies GPR91 as a potential key gene in brain injury after deep hypothermic low flow. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15286. [PMID: 37187908 PMCID: PMC10176032 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Explore the transcription change of brain ischemia and reperfusion injury after deep hypothermic low flow. Method The data from PRJNA739516 and GSE104036 were obtained for the differentially expressed genes identification, functional enrichment analysis, gene set enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction construction and hub gene identification. Oxygen and glucose deprivation model was set to validate the hub gene and explore the detailed brain injury mechanism. Result Interleukin, immunological response, NF-κB signaling pathway, G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway and NLRP inflammatory are functional pathway were enriched in differentially expressed genes analysis. Sucnr1, Casr, Cxcr4, C5ar1, Tas2r41, Tas2r60 and Hcar2 were identified and verified in the OGD model. Knocking down GPR91 reduces the inflammatory response after OGD and GPR91 may be involved in the inflammatory pre-reaction through the synergistic activation of NF-κB, NLRP3, and IL-1β respectively. Conclusion Our study found that Interleukin, immunological response, NF-κB signaling pathway, G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway and NLRP inflammatory are all associated with brain ischemia and reperfusion injury after deep hypothermic low flow and GPR91 can activate NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and trigger the release of IL-1β in this progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Puwei
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xu Jiali
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Deqin Zhuoga
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Wu Kede
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Nishant Patel
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - An Jia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qi Jirong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing Children University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Mo Xuming
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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Yang Z, Wang L. Current, emerging, and potential therapies for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1152042. [PMID: 37063264 PMCID: PMC10097909 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1152042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been identified as the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, with a growing incidence. NAFLD is considered the hepatic manifestation of a metabolic syndrome that emerges from multiple factors (e.g., oxidative stress, metabolic disorders, endoplasmic reticulum stress, cell death, and inflammation). Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an advanced form of NAFLD, has been reported to be a leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatic carcinoma, and it is progressing rapidly. Since there is no approved pharmacotherapy for NASH, a considerable number of therapeutic targets have emerged with the deepening of the research on NASH pathogenesis. In this study, the therapeutic potential and properties of regulating metabolism, the gut microbiome, antioxidant, microRNA, inhibiting apoptosis, targeting ferroptosis, and stem cell-based therapy in NASH are reviewed and evaluated. Since the single-drug treatment of NASH is affected by individual heterogeneous responses and side effects, it is imperative to precisely carry out targeted therapy with low toxicity. Lastly, targeted therapeutic agent delivery based on exosomes is proposed in this study, such that drugs with different mechanisms can be incorporated to generate high-efficiency and low-toxicity individualized medicine.
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Deka K, Li Y. Transcriptional Regulation during Aberrant Activation of NF-κB Signalling in Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050788. [PMID: 36899924 PMCID: PMC10001244 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The NF-κB signalling pathway is a major signalling cascade involved in the regulation of inflammation and innate immunity. It is also increasingly recognised as a crucial player in many steps of cancer initiation and progression. The five members of the NF-κB family of transcription factors are activated through two major signalling pathways, the canonical and non-canonical pathways. The canonical NF-κB pathway is prevalently activated in various human malignancies as well as inflammation-related disease conditions. Meanwhile, the significance of non-canonical NF-κB pathway in disease pathogenesis is also increasingly recognized in recent studies. In this review, we discuss the double-edged role of the NF-κB pathway in inflammation and cancer, which depends on the severity and extent of the inflammatory response. We also discuss the intrinsic factors, including selected driver mutations, and extrinsic factors, such as tumour microenvironment and epigenetic modifiers, driving aberrant activation of NF-κB in multiple cancer types. We further provide insights into the importance of the interaction of NF-κB pathway components with various macromolecules to its role in transcriptional regulation in cancer. Finally, we provide a perspective on the potential role of aberrant NF-κB activation in altering the chromatin landscape to support oncogenic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalakshi Deka
- School of Biological Sciences (SBS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Yinghui Li
- School of Biological Sciences (SBS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6316-2947
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15
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Li H, Niu X, Zhang D, Qu MH, Yang K. The role of the canonical nf-κb signaling pathway in the development of acute liver failure. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022:1-21. [PMID: 36578157 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2162999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
As a clinical emergency with a high mortality rate, the treatment of acute liver failure has been paid attention to by society. At present, liver transplantation is the most effective treatment for acute liver failure, but there is still an insufficient supply of liver sources and a poor prognosis. In view of the current therapeutic development of this disease, more researchers have turned their attention to the research of drugs related to the NF-κB pathway. The NF-κB canonical pathway has been proven to play a role in a variety of diseases, regulating inflammation, apoptosis, and other physiological processes. More and more evidence shows that the NF-κB canonical pathway regulates the pathogenesis of acute liver failure. In this review, we will summarize the regulation process of the NF-κB canonical pathway on acute liver failure, and develop a new way to treat acute liver failure by targeting the components of the pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyue Li
- Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Shandong Province Colleges and Universities, School of life science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiao Niu
- Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Shandong Province Colleges and Universities, School of life science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Dajin Zhang
- Translational Medical Center, Weifang Second People's Hospital, Weifang Respiratory Disease Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Mei-Hua Qu
- Biopharmaceutical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Shandong Province Colleges and Universities, School of life science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Kunning Yang
- Translational Medical Center, Weifang Second People's Hospital, Weifang Respiratory Disease Hospital, Weifang, China
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Deciphering the Genetic Crosstalk between Microglia and Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells during Demyelination and Remyelination Using Transcriptomic Data. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314868. [PMID: 36499195 PMCID: PMC9738937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Demyelinating disorders show impaired remyelination due to failure in the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes, a process driven by microglia-OPC crosstalk. Through conducting a transcriptomic analysis of microarray studies on the demyelination-remyelination cuprizone model and using human samples of multiple sclerosis (MS), we identified molecules involved in this crosstalk. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of specific regions/cell types were detected in GEO transcriptomic raw data after cuprizone treatment and in MS samples, followed by functional analysis with GO terms and WikiPathways. Additionally, microglia-OPC crosstalk between microglia ligands, OPC receptors and target genes was examined with the NicheNet model. We identified 108 and 166 DEGs in the demyelinated corpus callosum (CC) at 2 and 4 weeks of cuprizone treatment; 427 and 355 DEGs in the remyelinated (4 weeks of cuprizone treatment + 14 days of normal diet) compared to 2- and 4-week demyelinated CC; 252 DEGs in MS samples and 2730 and 12 DEGs in OPC and microglia of 4-week demyelinated CC. At this time point, we found 95 common DEGs in the CC and OPCs, and one common DEG in microglia and OPCs, mostly associated with myelin and lipid metabolism. Crosstalk analysis identified 47 microglia ligands, 43 OPC receptors and 115 OPC target genes, all differentially expressed in cuprizone-treated samples and associated with myelination. Our differential expression pipeline identified demyelination/remyelination transcriptomic biomarkers in studies using diverse platforms and cell types/tissues. Cellular crosstalk analysis yielded novel markers of microglia ligands, OPC receptors and target genes.
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Narrative Review: Glucocorticoids in Alcoholic Hepatitis—Benefits, Side Effects, and Mechanisms. J Xenobiot 2022; 12:266-288. [PMID: 36278756 PMCID: PMC9589945 DOI: 10.3390/jox12040019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic hepatitis is a major health and economic burden worldwide. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the only first-line drugs recommended to treat severe alcoholic hepatitis (sAH), with limited short-term efficacy and significant side effects. In this review, I summarize the major benefits and side effects of GC therapy in sAH and the potential underlying mechanisms. The review of the literature and data mining clearly indicate that the hepatic signaling of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is markedly impaired in sAH patients. The impaired GR signaling causes hepatic down-regulation of genes essential for gluconeogenesis, lipid catabolism, cytoprotection, and anti-inflammation in sAH patients. The efficacy of GCs in sAH may be compromised by GC resistance and/or GC’s extrahepatic side effects, particularly the side effects of intestinal epithelial GR on gut permeability and inflammation in AH. Prednisolone, a major GC used for sAH, activates both the GR and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). When GC non-responsiveness occurs in sAH patients, the activation of MR by prednisolone might increase the risk of alcohol abuse, liver fibrosis, and acute kidney injury. To improve the GC therapy of sAH, the effort should be focused on developing the biomarker(s) for GC responsiveness, liver-targeting GR agonists, and strategies to overcome GC non-responsiveness and prevent alcohol relapse in sAH patients.
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Verzella D, Cornice J, Arboretto P, Vecchiotti D, Di Vito Nolfi M, Capece D, Zazzeroni F, Franzoso G. The NF-κB Pharmacopeia: Novel Strategies to Subdue an Intractable Target. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2233. [PMID: 36140335 PMCID: PMC9496094 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB transcription factors are major drivers of tumor initiation and progression. NF-κB signaling is constitutively activated by genetic alterations or environmental signals in many human cancers, where it contributes to almost all hallmarks of malignancy, including sustained proliferation, cell death resistance, tumor-promoting inflammation, metabolic reprogramming, tissue invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. As such, the NF-κB pathway is an attractive therapeutic target in a broad range of human cancers, as well as in numerous non-malignant diseases. Currently, however, there is no clinically useful NF-κB inhibitor to treat oncological patients, owing to the preclusive, on-target toxicities of systemic NF-κB blockade. In this review, we discuss the principal and most promising strategies being developed to circumvent the inherent limitations of conventional IκB kinase (IKK)/NF-κB-targeting drugs, focusing on new molecules that target upstream regulators or downstream effectors of oncogenic NF-κB signaling, as well as agents targeting individual NF-κB subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Verzella
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Jessica Cornice
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Paola Arboretto
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Davide Vecchiotti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Mauro Di Vito Nolfi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Daria Capece
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Francesca Zazzeroni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Guido Franzoso
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
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Sultan FA, Sawaya BE. Gadd45 in Neuronal Development, Function, and Injury. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1360:117-148. [PMID: 35505167 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-94804-7_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible (Gadd) 45 proteins have been associated with numerous cellular mechanisms including cell cycle control, DNA damage sensation and repair, genotoxic stress, neoplasia, and molecular epigenetics. The genes were originally identified in in vitro screens of irradiation- and interleukin-induced transcription and have since been implicated in a host of normal and aberrant central nervous system processes. These include early and postnatal development, injury, cancer, memory, aging, and neurodegenerative and psychiatric disease states. The proteins act through a variety of molecular signaling cascades including the MAPK cascade, cell cycle control mechanisms, histone regulation, and epigenetic DNA demethylation. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion of the literature implicating each of the three members of the Gadd45 family in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz A Sultan
- Department of Psychiatry, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Bassel E Sawaya
- Molecular Studies of Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,FELS Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine Institute, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Departments of Neurology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Cancer and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Patel K, Murray MG, Whelan KA. Roles for GADD45 in Development and Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1360:23-39. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-94804-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gadd45 in Normal Hematopoiesis and Leukemia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1360:41-54. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-94804-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Schmitz I. Gadd45 Proteins in Immunity 2.0. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1360:69-86. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-94804-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Tian J, Locker J. Gadd45 in the Liver: Signal Transduction and Transcriptional Mechanisms. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1360:87-99. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-94804-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Hernandez R, Zhou C. Recent Advances in Understanding the Role of IKKβ in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:752337. [PMID: 34957242 PMCID: PMC8692734 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.752337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes, are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Cardiometabolic diseases are associated with many overlapping metabolic syndromes such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and central adiposity. However, the underlying causes of cardiometabolic diseases and associated syndromes remain poorly understood. Within the past couple of decades, considerable progresses have been made to understand the role of inflammatory signaling in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases. The transcription factor, NF-κB, a master regulator of the innate and adaptive immune responses, is highly active in cardiometabolic diseases. IκB kinase β (IKKβ), the predominant catalytic subunit of the IKK complex, is required for canonical activation of NF-κB, and has been implicated as the critical molecular link between inflammation and cardiometabolic diseases. Recent studies have revealed that IKKβ has diverse and unexpected roles in mediating adiposity, insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, vascular function, and atherogenesis through complex mechanisms. IKKβ has been demonstrated as a critical player in the development of cardiometabolic diseases and is implicated as a promising therapeutic target. This review summarizes current knowledge of the functions of IKKβ in mediating the development and progression of cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Hernandez
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
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25
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IκBα is required for full transcriptional induction of some NFκB-regulated genes in response to TNF in MCF-7 cells. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2021; 7:42. [PMID: 34853340 PMCID: PMC8636565 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-021-00204-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory stimuli triggers the degradation of three inhibitory κB (IκB) proteins, allowing for nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) for transcriptional induction of its target genes. Of these three, IκBα is a well-known negative feedback regulator that limits the duration of NFκB activity. We sought to determine whether IκBα's role in enabling or limiting NFκB activation is important for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced gene expression in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Contrary to our expectations, many more TNF-response genes showed reduced induction than enhanced induction in IκBα knockdown cells. Mathematical modeling was used to investigate the underlying mechanism. We found that the reduced activation of some NFκB target genes in IκBα-deficient cells could be explained by the incoherent feedforward loop (IFFL) model. In addition, for a subset of genes, prolonged NFκB activity due to loss of negative feedback control did not prolong their transient activation; this implied a multi-state transcription cycle control of gene induction. Genes encoding key inflammation-related transcription factors, such as JUNB and KLF10, were found to be best represented by a model that contained both the IFFL and the transcription cycle motif. Our analysis sheds light on the regulatory strategies that safeguard inflammatory gene expression from overproduction and repositions the function of IκBα not only as a negative feedback regulator of NFκB but also as an enabler of NFκB-regulated stimulus-responsive inflammatory gene expression. This study indicates the complex involvement of IκBα in the inflammatory response to TNF that is induced by radiation therapy in breast cancer.
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Teixeira Bonfim L, Mota TC, Gomes JJ, da Silva E, Gomes LM, Burbano RMR, Bahia MO. Assessment of the cytoprotective effect of the homeopathic compound Canova® on African green monkey kidney (VERO) cell line exposed to the drug dipyrone sodium. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:761-768. [PMID: 34180377 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1942355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dipyrone or metamizole is one of the most frequently used analgesic worldwide. Despite its widespread use, this drug may exert genotoxic and cytotoxic effects on lymphocytes. Therefore, studies with therapeutic agents that may provide protection against these effects are important. The homeopathic compound Canova® (CA) appears to be a beneficial candidate for preventing DNA damage and cellular lethality, since this compound acts as an immunomodulator associated with cytoprotective actions. Hence, the aim of the present investigation was to determine the potential cytoprotective effects of CA using cell line VERO as a model. VERO cells were incubated with sodium dipyrone and subsequently subject to the comet, apoptosis and immunocytochemistry assays. Data demonstrated that sodium dipyrone induced an increase in DNA damage index (DI) employing the comet assay. However, when VERO cells were co-treated with CA at the three concentrations studied, a significant reduction in DI was observed, indicating an antigenotoxic effect attributed to CA. Further dipyrone induced an elevation in %apoptosis at 24 and 48 hr. However, when dipyrone was co-incubated with CA, a significant reduction in %apoptosis was noted at the three concentrations of CA employed. Results from immunocytochemical analysis showed a rise in the expression of caspase 8 and cytochrome C when cells were exposed to dipyrone. In contrast, co-treatment of dipyrone and CA significantly reduced the effect of dipyrone. Therefore, evidence indicated that CA acted as an anticytotoxic and antigenotoxic agent counteracting damage induced by dipyrone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Teixeira Bonfim
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetic, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Cristina Mota
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetic, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Juliana Gomes
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetic, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Emerson da Silva
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetic, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Lorena Monteiro Gomes
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetic, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Rommel Mario Rodríguez Burbano
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetic, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Oliveira Bahia
- Laboratory of Human Cytogenetic, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém-Pará, Brazil
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27
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Ren Y, Jiang J, Jiang W, Zhou X, Lu W, Wang J, Luo Y. Spata2 Knockdown Exacerbates Brain Inflammation via NF-κB/P38MAPK Signaling and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Rats. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:2262-2275. [PMID: 34075523 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Brain inflammation induced by ischemic stroke is an important cause of secondary brain injury. The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling are believed to drive the progression of brain inflammation. Spermatogenesis-associated protein2 (SPATA2) functions as a partner protein that recruits CYLD, a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling, to signaling complexes. However, the role of SPATA2 in the central nervous system remains unclear and whether it is involved in regulating inflammatory responses remains controversial. Rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion (tMCAO/R) surgery. The expression and localization of SPATA2 in the brain were investigated. The lentivirus-mediated shRNA was employed to inhibit SPATA2 expression. The inflammatory responses and outcomes of Spata2 knockdown were investigated. SPATA2 was co-localized with CYLD in neurons. SPATA2 expression was reduced in tMCAO/R rats. Spata2 knockdown resulted in increased microglia, increased expression of Tnfa, Il-1β, and Il-18, decreased Garcia score, and increased infarct volume. Spata2 knockdown resulted in the activation of P38MAPK and NLRP3 inflammasome and the increased activation of NF-κB signaling. These results suggest that SPATA2 plays a protective role against brain inflammation induced by ischemia/reperfusion injury. Therefore, SPATA2 could be a potential therapeutic target for treating ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jin Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wenxia Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xueling Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wenhao Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Laboratory Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Gu M, Donato M, Guo M, Wary N, Miao Y, Mao S, Saito T, Otsuki S, Wang L, Harper RL, Sa S, Khatri P, Rabinovitch M. iPSC-endothelial cell phenotypic drug screening and in silico analyses identify tyrphostin-AG1296 for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/592/eaba6480. [PMID: 33952674 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aba6480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disorder leading to occlusive vascular remodeling. Current PAH therapies improve quality of life but do not reverse structural abnormalities in the pulmonary vasculature. Here, we used high-throughput drug screening combined with in silico analyses of existing transcriptomic datasets to identify a promising lead compound to reverse PAH. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells generated from six patients with PAH were exposed to 4500 compounds and assayed for improved cell survival after serum withdrawal using a chemiluminescent caspase assay. Subsequent validation of caspase activity and improved angiogenesis combined with data analyses using the Gene Expression Omnibus and Library of Integrated Network-Based Cellular Signatures databases revealed that the lead compound AG1296 was positively associated with an anti-PAH gene signature. AG1296 increased abundance of bone morphogenetic protein receptors, downstream signaling, and gene expression and suppressed PAH smooth muscle cell proliferation. AG1296 induced regression of PA neointimal lesions in lung organ culture and PA occlusive changes in the Sugen/hypoxia rat model and reduced right ventricular systolic pressure. Moreover, AG1296 improved vascular function and BMPR2 signaling and showed better correlation with the anti-PAH gene signature than other tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Specifically, AG1296 up-regulated small mothers against decapentaplegic (SMAD) 1/5 coactivators, cAMP response element-binding protein 3 (CREB3), and CREB5: CREB3 induced inhibitor of DNA binding 1 and downstream genes that improved vascular function. Thus, drug discovery for PAH can be accelerated by combining phenotypic screening with in silico analyses of publicly available datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Gu
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Division of Developmental Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Michele Donato
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics) and Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Minzhe Guo
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Neil Wary
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Division of Developmental Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Yifei Miao
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Division of Pulmonary Biology, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Division of Developmental Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Shuai Mao
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Toshie Saito
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shoichiro Otsuki
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lingli Wang
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rebecca L Harper
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Silin Sa
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Purvesh Khatri
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics) and Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marlene Rabinovitch
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. .,Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Lv Z, Xiao L, Tang Y, Chen Y, Chen D. Rb deficiency induces p21cip1 expression and delays retinal degeneration in rd1 mice. Exp Eye Res 2021; 210:108701. [PMID: 34252413 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a major cause of inherited blindness, and there is presently no cure for RP. Rd1 mouse is the most commonly used RP animal model. Re-expression of cell cycle proteins in post-mitotic neurons is considered an important mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases, including RP. The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (Rb) is a major regulator of cell cycle progression, yet its role in rd1 mouse retina and related signaling pathways have never been analyzed. By crossing α-Cre, Rbf/f mice with rd1 mice, p21cip1-/- mice, Cdk1f/f mice and Cdk2f/f mice, we established multiple rd1 mouse models with deletions of Rb gene, Cdkn1a (p21cip1) gene, Cdk1 and Cdk2 gene in the retina. Cdk inhibitor CR8 was injected into the vitreous of rd1 mouse to investigate its effects on photoreceptor survival. Rb gene knockout (KO) induces cell death in excitatory retinal neurons (rods, rod bipolar and ganglions) and ectopic proliferation of retinal cells; but it paradoxically delays the rod death of rd1 mice, which is primarily mediated by the Cdk inhibitor Cdkn1a (p21cip1). Interestingly, p21cip1 protects the ectopic dividing rd1 rod cells by inhibiting Cdk1 and Cdk2. However, inhibiting Cdk1 and Cdk2 in rd1 mice with non-dividing rods only has limited and transient protective effects. Our data suggest that there is no ectopic division of rd1 rod cells, and RbKO induces ectopic division but delays the death of rd1 rod cells. This reveals the important protective role of Rb-p21cip1-Cdk axis in rd1 rod cells. P21cip1 is a potential target for future therapy of RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongping Lv
- The Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; The Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lirong Xiao
- The Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yunjing Tang
- The Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; The Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongjiang Chen
- The School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Danian Chen
- The Research Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; The Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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30
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Comprehensive high-throughput meta-analysis of differentially expressed microRNAs in transcriptomic datasets reveals significant disruption of MAPK/JNK signal transduction pathway in Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Infect Agent Cancer 2021; 16:49. [PMID: 34187521 PMCID: PMC8244200 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-021-00390-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection may lead to the development of Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). To further elucidate the pathophysiology of this aggressive CD4+ T-cell malignancy, we have performed an integrated systems biology approach to analyze previous transcriptome datasets focusing on differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in peripheral blood of ATLL patients. Methods Datasets GSE28626, GSE31629, GSE11577 were used to identify ATLL-specific DEM signatures. The target genes of each identified miRNA were obtained to construct a protein-protein interactions network using STRING database. The target gene hubs were subjected to further analysis to demonstrate significantly enriched gene ontology terms and signaling pathways. Quantitative reverse transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTqPCR) was performed on major genes in certain pathways identified by network analysis to highlight gene expression alterations. Results High-throughput in silico analysis revealed 9 DEMs hsa-let-7a, hsa-let-7g, hsa-mir-181b, hsa-mir-26b, hsa-mir-30c, hsa-mir-186, hsa-mir-10a, hsa-mir-30b, and hsa-let-7f between ATLL patients and healthy donors. Further analysis revealed the first 5 of DEMs were directly associated with previously identified pathways in the pathogenesis of HTLV-1. Network analysis demonstrated the involvement of target gene hubs in several signaling cascades, mainly in the MAPK pathway. RT-qPCR on human ATLL samples showed significant upregulation of EVI1, MKP1, PTPRR, and JNK gene vs healthy donors in MAPK/JNK pathway. Discussion The results highlighted the functional impact of a subset dysregulated microRNAs in ATLL on cellular gene expression and signal transduction pathways. Further studies are needed to identify novel biomarkers to obtain a comprehensive mapping of deregulated biological pathways in ATLL.
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Ying C, Dai J, Fan G, Zhou Z, Gan T, Zhang Y, Song Y, Zhou X. Ras-Related C3 Botulinum Toxin Substrate 1 Combining With the Mixed Lineage Kinase 3- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 7- c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Signaling Module Accelerates Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Physiol 2021; 12:679166. [PMID: 34194338 PMCID: PMC8236718 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.679166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1) activation plays a vital role in diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the exact mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we attempted to elucidate the precise mechanism of how RAC1 aggravates DN through cellular and animal experiments. In this study, DN was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 150mg/kg), and the RAC1 inhibitor NSC23766 was administered by tail vein injection. Biochemical indicators, cell proliferation and apoptosis, and morphological changes in the kidney were detected. The expression of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and cleaved caspase-3 and the interaction between RAC1 and the mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK3)-mitogen-activated protein kinase 7 (MKK7)-JNK signaling module were determined. Furthermore, the colocalization and direct co-interaction of RAC1 and MLK3 were confirmed. Our results showed that RAC1 accelerates renal damage and increases the expression of p-JNK, NF-κB, and cleaved caspase-3. However, inhibition of RAC1 ameliorated DN by downregulating p-JNK, NF-κB, and cleaved caspase-3. Also, RAC1 promoted the assembly of MLK3-MKK7-JNK, and NSC23766 blocked the interaction between RAC1 and MLK3-MKK7-JNK and inhibited the assembly of the MLK3-MKK7-JNK signaling module. Furthermore, RAC1 was combined with MLK3 directly, but the RAC1 Y40C mutant inhibited the interaction between RAC1 and MLK3. We demonstrated that RAC1 combining with MLK3 activates the MLK3-MKK7-JNK signaling module, accelerating DN occurrence and development, and RAC1 Y40 is an important site for binding of RAC1 to MLK3. This study illustrates the cellular and molecular mechanisms of how RAC1 accelerates DN and provides evidence of DN-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang Ying
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jiao Dai
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Gaoxia Fan
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhou
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tian Gan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuanjian Song
- Department of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Department of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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32
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Mohapatra S, Das G, Gupta V, Mondal P, Nitani M, Ie Y, Chatterjee S, Aso Y, Ghosh S. Power of an Organic Electron Acceptor in Modulation of Intracellular Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species: Inducing JNK- and Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis of Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:7815-7828. [PMID: 33778293 PMCID: PMC7992140 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Here, we demonstrate an interesting strategy of modulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) using the organic electron acceptor molecule carbonyl-bridged bithiazole attached with bis-trifluoroacetophenone (BBT). This molecule was found to affect complex I activity. It has the propensity to bind close to the flavin mononucleotide site of complex I of mitochondria where it traps electron released from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and elevates intracellular ROS, which suggests that the bridged carbonyl in BBT plays a crucial role in the acceptance of electron from NADH. We understand that the potential of the NADH/NAD+ redox couple and low-lying LUMO energy level of BBT are compatible with each other, thus favoring its entrapment of released electrons in complex I. This effect of BBT in ROS generation activates JNK and p38 stress-dependent pathways and resulted in mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic cell death with the reduction in expression of several important cyto-protecting factors (Hsp27 and NFκB), indicating its potential in inhibition of cancer cell relapse. Intriguingly, we found that BBT is not a P-glycoprotein substrate, which further reveals its excellent anticancer potential. This study enlightens us on how the power of electron acceptor ability became an emerging strategy for modulation of intracellular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswat Mohapatra
- Organic
and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West
Bengal, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Campus, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Gaurav Das
- Organic
and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West
Bengal, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Campus, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Varsha Gupta
- Organic
and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West
Bengal, India
| | - Prasenjit Mondal
- Organic
and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West
Bengal, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Campus, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Masashi Nitani
- The
Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University, 8-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Yutaka Ie
- The
Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University, 8-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Shreyam Chatterjee
- The
Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University, 8-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Yoshio Aso
- The
Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University, 8-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Surajit Ghosh
- Department
of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian
Institute of Technology Jodhpur, NH 62, Surpura Bypass Road, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India
- Organic
and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West
Bengal, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Campus, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Zhao X, Zhou J, Liang W, Sheng Q, Lu L, Chen T, Chen J, Tan K, Lv Z. Probiotics mixture reinforces barrier function to ameliorate necrotizing enterocolitis by regulating PXR-JNK pathway. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:20. [PMID: 33482929 PMCID: PMC7824920 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00530-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intestinal dysbiosis is believed to be one of the factors inducing neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Probiotics have been employed to treat NEC in a number of animal experiments and clinical trials, and some significant benefits of utilizing probiotics for the prevention or alleviation of NEC have been confirmed. However, the mechanism underlying the efficacy of probiotics in treating NEC has not been elucidated. Results Impairment of the intestinal barrier, which was characterized by the decreased expression of tight junction components, was observed in the pathogenesis of NEC. The probiotic mixture alleviated this intestinal damage by enhancing the function of the barrier. Meanwhile, the probiotics remodeled the composition of the intestinal microbiota in NEC mice. Furthermore, increased expression of the pregnane X receptor (PXR) was observed after treatment with the probiotic mixture, and PXR overexpression in Caco-2 cells protected the barrier from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) damage. Further research showed that PXR could inhibit the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and could increase the expression of tight junction components. Conclusions Our study confirmed that probiotics could ameliorate intestinal lesions by enhancing the function of the mucosal barrier. Specifically, probiotics may target PXR, which may subsequently enhance the expression of tight junction components by inhibiting the phosphorylation of JNK and enhance the function of the barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhao Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Road, Putuo, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Road, Putuo, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhua Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Sheng
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Road, Putuo, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Road, Putuo, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Road, Putuo, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianglong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Road, Putuo, Shanghai, China
| | - Kezhe Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Road, Putuo, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhibao Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Road, Putuo, Shanghai, China.
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34
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Gong L, Cai L, Li G, Cai J, Yi X. GADD45B Facilitates Metastasis of Ovarian Cancer Through Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:255-269. [PMID: 33469306 PMCID: PMC7811469 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s281450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 beta (GADD45B) is overexpressed and is associated with poor clinical outcomes in many human cancers, but the clinical implication of GADD45B in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains unclear. Methods Bioinformatics analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and gene expression omnibus (GEO) cohorts was used to illustrate the relationship between GADD45B expression and metastasis, as well as the survival time of EOC. GADD45B was downregulated by siRNAs in EOC cells, and migration ability was determined by a transwell assay and wound-healing assay. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were conducted to discover the downstream pathway of GADD45B. The regulation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) by GADD45B was verified by Western blotting and qRT-PCR. Finally, the correlation of GADD45B expression with EOC metastasis was investigated in EOC tissues by immunohistochemistry. Results Overexpression of GADD45B indicates shorter overall survival time and progression-free survival time, and it is an independent risk factor for poor survival in EOC patients. Elevated GADD45B is related to venous invasion, lymphatic invasion and peritoneal carcinomatosis. Downregulation of GADD45B decreases the migration of ES2 and SKOV3 cells. Further KEGG enrichment analysis and GSEA revealed that EMT may be the downstream pathway of GADD45B. In addition, reduced GADD45B increases the expression of E-cadherin and decreases that of N-cadherin and vimentin. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis of GADD45B expression revealed that the expression of GADD45B in omental metastatic tissues was higher than that in matched primary ovarian cancer tissues. These results suggest that elevated GADD45B promotes the motility of ovarian cancer cells through EMT and is associated with EOC metastasis. Conclusion GADD45B can promote the motility of ovarian cancer cells through EMT, is associated with EOC metastasis, and may be a new biomarker of metastasis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanqing Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiong Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, People's Republic of China
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35
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Fischer KC, Daunt CP, Tremblay CS, Dias S, Vince JE, Jabbour AM. Deletion of IKK2 in haematopoietic cells of adult mice leads to elevated interleukin-6, neutrophilia and fatal gastrointestinal inflammation. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:28. [PMID: 33414459 PMCID: PMC7791118 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The IκB kinase complex, consisting of IKK1, IKK2 and the regulatory subunit NEMO, is required for NF-κB signalling following the activation of several cell surface receptors, such as members of the Tumour Necrosis Factor Receptor superfamily and the Interleukin-1 Receptor. This is critical for haematopoietic cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and immune responses. To determine the role of IKK in the regulation of haematopoiesis, we used the Rosa26Cre-ERT2 Cre/lox recombination system to achieve targeted, haematopoietic cell-restricted deletion of the genes for IKK1 or IKK2 in vivo. We found that the IKK complex plays a critical role in haematopoietic cell development and function. Deletion of IKK2, but not loss of IKK1, in haematopoietic cells led to an expansion of CD11b/Gr-1-positive myeloid cells (neutrophilia), severe anaemia and thrombocytosis, with reduced numbers of long-term haematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs), short-term haematopoietic stem cells (ST-HSCs) and multipotential progenitor cells (MPPs), increased circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) and severe gastrointestinal inflammation. These findings identify distinct functions for the two IKK catalytic subunits, IKK1 and IKK2, in the haematopoietic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla C. Fischer
- grid.1042.7The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Carmel P. Daunt
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Cédric S. Tremblay
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Sheila Dias
- grid.1042.7The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC Australia
| | - James E. Vince
- grid.1042.7The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia
| | - Anissa M. Jabbour
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
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36
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Engin A. Protein Kinase-Mediated Decision Between the Life and Death. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1275:1-33. [PMID: 33539010 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49844-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases are intracellular signaling enzymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of specific residues in their target substrate proteins. They play important role for regulation of life and death decisions. The complexity of the relationship between death receptors and protein kinases' cell death decision-making mechanisms create many difficulties in the treatment of various diseases. The most of fifteen different cell death pathways, which are reported by Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death (NCCD) are protein kinase signal transduction-mediated negative or positive selections. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as a main player of death pathways is a dual-functioning molecule in that it can promote both cell survival or cell death. All apoptotic and necrotic signal transductions are conveyed through death domain-containing death receptors, which are expressed on the surface of nearly all human cells. In humans, eight members of the death receptor family have been identified. While the interaction of TNF with TNF Receptor 1 (TNFR1) activates various signal transduction pathways, different death receptors activate three main signal transduction pathways: nuclear factor kappa B (NF-ĸB)-mediated differentiation or pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-mediated stress response and caspase-mediated apoptosis. The link between the NF-ĸB and the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways comprise another check-point to regulate cell death. TNF-α also promotes the "receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1" (RIPK1)/RIPK3/ mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL)-dependent necrosis. Thus, necrosome is mainly comprised of MLKL, RIPK3 and, in some cases, RIPK1. In fact, RIPK1 is at the crossroad between life and death, downstream of various receptors as a regulator of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced death. TNFR1 signaling complex (TNF-RSC), which contains multiple kinase activities, promotes phosphorylation of transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), inhibitor of nuclear transcription factor κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) α/IKKβ, IκBα, and NF-κB. IKKs affect cell-survival pathways in NF-κB-independent manner. Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation triggers various signaling pathways dependent on myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD88), Interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)-associated kinase (IRAK1), IRAK2 and IRAK4, lead to post-translational activation of nucleotide and oligomerization domain (NLRP3). Thereby, cell fate decisions following TLR signaling is parallel with death receptor signaling. Inhibition of IKKα/IKKβ or its upstream activators sensitize cells to death by inducing RIPK1-dependent apoptosis or necroptosis. During apoptosis, several kinases of the NF-κB pathway, including IKK1 and NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO), are cleaved by cellular caspases. This event can terminate the NF-κB-derived survival signals. In both canonical and non-canonical pathways, IKK is key to NF-κB activation. Whereas, the activation process of IKK, the functions of NEMO ubiquitination, IKK-related non-canonical pathway and the nuclear transportation of NEMO and functions of IKKα are still debated in cell death. In addition, cluster of differentiation 95 (CD95)-mediated non-apoptotic signaling and CD95- death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) interactions are waiting for clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Engin
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey.
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37
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Burn injury induces elevated inflammatory traffic: the role of NF-κB. Inflamm Res 2020; 70:51-65. [PMID: 33245371 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01426-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A burn insult generally sustains a hypovolemic shock due to a significant loss of plasma from the vessels. The burn injury triggers the release of various mediators, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokines, and inflammatory mediators. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), stemming from foreign microbial discharge and damaged tissue or necrotic cells from the burn-injured site, enter the systemic circulation, activate toll-like receptors (TLRs), and trigger the excessive secretion of cytokines and inflammatory mediators. Inflammation plays a vital role in remodeling an injured tissue, detoxifying toxins, and helps in the healing process. A transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), contributes to a variety of physiological and pathological conditions, including immune response, cell death, cell survival, and inflammatory processes. During the pathogenesis of a burn wound, upregulation of various cytokines and growth factors lead to undesirable tissue inflammation. Thus, NF-κB, a dominant moderator of inflammation, needs to be altered to prove beneficial to the treatment of burns or other inflammation-associated diseases. This review addresses the relationship between NF-κB and elevated inflammation in a burn condition that could potentially be altered to induce an early wound-healing mechanism of burn wounds.
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38
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Messeha SS, Zarmouh NO, Asiri A, Soliman KFA. Rosmarinic acid-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 885:173419. [PMID: 32750370 PMCID: PMC7541730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a polyphenolic compound with various pharmacological properties, including, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective, as well as having antioxidant and anticancer activities. This study evaluated the effects and mechanisms of RA in two racially different triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines. Results obtained show that RA significantly caused cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects in both cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Remarkably, RA induced cell cycle arrest-related apoptosis and altered the expression of many apoptosis-involved genes differently. In MDA-MB-231 cells, RA arrested the cells in the G0/G1 phase. In contrast, the data suggest that RA causes S-phase arrest in MDA-MB-468 cells, leading to a 2-fold increase in the apoptotic effect compared to MDA-MB-231 cells. Further, in MDA-MB-231 cells, RA significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of three genes: harakiri (HRK), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 25 (TNFRSF25), and BCL-2 interacting protein 3 (BNIP3). In contrast, in the MDA-MB-468 cell line, the compound induced a significant transcription activation in three genes, including TNF, growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45 alpha (GADD45A), and BNIP3. Furthermore, RA repressed the expression of TNF receptor superfamily 11B (TNFRSF11B) in MDA-MB-231 cells in comparison to the ligand TNF superfamily member 10 (TNFSF10) and baculoviral IAP repeat-containing 5 (BIRC5) in MDA-MB-468 cells. In conclusion, the data suggest that the polyphenol RA may have a potential role in TNBC therapies, particularly in MDA-MB-468 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia S Messeha
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, 1415 ML King Blvd, Room G 134 H New Pharmacy Building, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, United States
| | - Najla O Zarmouh
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, 1415 ML King Blvd, Room G 134 H New Pharmacy Building, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, United States
| | - Abrar Asiri
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, 1415 ML King Blvd, Room G 134 H New Pharmacy Building, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, United States
| | - Karam F A Soliman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, 1415 ML King Blvd, Room G 134 H New Pharmacy Building, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, United States.
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39
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Nakano R, Kitanaka T, Namba S, Kitanaka N, Suwabe Y, Konno T, Yamazaki J, Nakayama T, Sugiya H. Non-Transcriptional and Translational Function of Canonical NF- κB Signaling in Activating ERK1/2 in IL-1 β-Induced COX-2 Expression in Synovial Fibroblasts. Front Immunol 2020; 11:579266. [PMID: 33117381 PMCID: PMC7576893 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.579266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 1β (IL-1β) induces the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 by upregulating cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the synovial tissue of individuals with autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). IL-1β-mediated stimulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling is important for the pathogenesis of RA; however, crosstalk(s) between NF-κB and MAPK signaling remains to be understood. In this study, we established a model for IL-1β-induced synovitis and investigated the role of NF-κB and MAPK signaling in synovitis. We observed an increase in the mRNA and protein levels of COX-2 and prostaglandin E2 release in cells treated with IL-1β. NF-κB and ERK1/2 inhibitors significantly reduced IL-1β-induced COX-2 expression. IL-1β induced the phosphorylation of canonical NF-κB complex (p65 and p105) and degradation of IκBα. IL-1β also induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation but did not affect the phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK and JNK. IL-1β failed to induce COX-2 expression in cells transfected with siRNA for p65, p105, ERK1, or ERK2. Notably, NF-κB inhibitors reduced IL-1β-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation; however, the ERK1/2 inhibitor had no effect on the phosphorylation of the canonical NF-κB complex. Although transcription and translation inhibitors had no effect on IL-1β-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation, the silencing of canonical NF-κB complex in siRNA-transfected fibroblasts prevented IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Taken together, our data indicate the importance of the non-transcriptional/translational activity of canonical NF-κB in the activation of ERK1/2 signaling involved in the IL-1β-induced development of autoimmune diseases affecting the synovial tissue, such as RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Nakano
- Laboratory for Cellular Function Conversion Technology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Taku Kitanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Shinichi Namba
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Nanako Kitanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Yoko Suwabe
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Konno
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Jun Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakayama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan.,Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
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40
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Lu H, Merfeld-Clauss S, Jawed Y, March KL, Coleman ME, Bogatcheva NV. Distinct Factors Secreted by Adipose Stromal Cells Protect the Endothelium From Barrier Dysfunction and Apoptosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:584653. [PMID: 33102487 PMCID: PMC7554254 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.584653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have shown previously that adipose stromal cell (ASC)-derived conditioned media (CM) limited lung injury, endothelial barrier dysfunction, and apoptosis. Here, we used endothelial hyperpermeability and apoptosis assays to investigate how concentration processes affect endothelium-directed bioactivity of ASC-CM and to gain information on the nature of bioactive factors. Comparison of ASC-CM concentrated with differential molecular weight (MW) cutoff filters showed that endothelial barrier protection depended on the species-specific factors in ASC-CM fractionated with MW > 50 kDa. Known barrier regulators-keratin growth factor (KGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-were detected in ASC-CM fraction of > 100 kDa. Pretreatment of endothelial monolayers with concentrations of KGF, VEGF, and HGF detected in ASC-CM showed that only KGF and HGF protect the endothelium from barrier dysfunction. Depletion of KGF and HGF from ASC-CM attenuated ASC-CM's ability to protect the endothelial barrier. In contrast to barrier-protective factors, apoptosis-protective factors fractionated with MW < 3 kDa and were not species-specific. Application of donors of apoptosis-mitigating gases showed that the CO donor carbon monoxide-releasing molecule 2 (CORM2) protected the endothelium from apoptosis, while the H2S donor NaSH did not. Knockdown of CO-generating heme oxygenase 1 in ASC attenuated ASC-CM's ability to protect the endothelium from apoptosis. We have shown that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-induced apoptosis in endothelium is c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-dependent, and JNK activation is inhibited by ASC-CM pretreatment of endothelial cells. ASC-CM from heme oxygenase 1-depleted ASC displayed attenuated ability to suppress endothelial JNK activation, suggesting that CO-mediated protection of the endothelium from apoptosis is achieved by the downregulation of the JNK pathway. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the concentration of ASC-CM with low MW cutoff filters significantly reduces its anti-apoptotic activity while preserving its barrier-protective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Lu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine and Vascular and Cardiac Adult Stem Cell Therapy Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Roudebush Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Stephanie Merfeld-Clauss
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine and Vascular and Cardiac Adult Stem Cell Therapy Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Roudebush Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Yameena Jawed
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine and Vascular and Cardiac Adult Stem Cell Therapy Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Roudebush Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Keith L March
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine and Vascular and Cardiac Adult Stem Cell Therapy Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Roudebush Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | | | - Natalia V Bogatcheva
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Indiana Center for Vascular Biology and Medicine and Vascular and Cardiac Adult Stem Cell Therapy Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Roudebush Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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41
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Li J, Tang RS, Shi Z, Li JQ. Nuclear factor‐κB in rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Rheum Dis 2020; 23:1627-1635. [PMID: 32965792 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong-Shuang Tang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhou Shi
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Qi Li
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China & department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
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42
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Moon SJ, Kim JH, Choi YK, Lee CH, Hwang JH. Ablation of Gadd45β ameliorates the inflammation and renal fibrosis caused by unilateral ureteral obstruction. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8814-8825. [PMID: 32570293 PMCID: PMC7412396 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth arrest and DNA damage‐inducible beta (Gadd45β) protein have been associated with various cellular functions, but its role in progressive renal disease is currently unknown. Here, we examined the effect of Gadd45β deletion on cell proliferation and apoptosis, inflammation, and renal fibrosis in an early chronic kidney disease (CKD) mouse model following unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Wild‐type (WT) and Gadd45β‐knockout (KO) mice underwent either a sham operation or UUO and the kidneys were sampled eight days later. A histological assay revealed that ablation of Gadd45β ameliorated UUO‐induced renal injury. Cell proliferation was higher in Gadd45β KO mouse kidneys, but apoptosis was similar in both genotypes after UUO. Expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines after UUO was down‐regulated in the kidneys from Gadd45β KO mice, whereas UUO‐mediated immune cell infiltration remained unchanged. The expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in response to LPS stimulation decreased in bone marrow‐derived macrophages from Gadd45β KO mice compared with that in WT mice. Importantly, UUO‐induced renal fibrosis was ameliorated in Gadd45β KO mice unlike in WT mice. Gadd45β was involved in TGF‐β signalling pathway regulation in kidney fibroblasts. Our findings demonstrate that Gadd45β plays a crucial role in renal injury and may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Je Moon
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea.,University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young-Keun Choi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea.,University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Hwang
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea.,University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
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43
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Zhang Y, Zhen C, Yang Q, Ji B. Mathematical modelling of the role of GADD45β in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:192152. [PMID: 32537207 PMCID: PMC7277253 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.192152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease with relatively high morbidity and mortality rates. Great efforts were made to develop nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-targeted therapies against MM disease. However, these treatments influence MM cells as well as normal cells, inevitably causing serious side effects. Further research showed that NF-κB signalling promotes the survival of MM cells by interacting with JNK signalling through growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible beta (GADD45β), the downstream module of NF-κB signalling. The GADD45β-targeted intervention was suggested to be an effective and MM cell-specific treatment. However, the underlying mechanism through which GADD45β promotes the survival of MM cells is usually ignored in the previous models. A mathematical model of MM is built in this paper to investigate how NF-κB signalling acts along with JNK signalling through GADD45β and MKK7 to promote the survival of MM cells. The model cannot only mimic the variations in bone cells, the bone volume and MM cells with time, but it can also examine how the NF-κB pathway acts with the JNK pathway to promote the development of MM cells. In addition, the model also investigates the efficacies of GADD45β- and NF-κB-targeted treatments, suggesting that GADD45β-targeted therapy is more effective but has no apparent side effects. The simulation results match the experimental observations. It is anticipated that this model could be employed as a useful tool to initially investigate and even explore potential therapies involving the NF-κB and JNK pathways in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhang
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China
| | - Changqing Zhen
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Ji
- School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China
- Author for correspondence: Bing Ji e-mail:
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Sandomenico A, Caporale A, Doti N, Cross S, Cruciani G, Chambery A, De Falco S, Ruvo M. Synthetic Peptide Libraries: From Random Mixtures to In Vivo Testing. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:997-1016. [PMID: 30009695 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180716110833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Combinatorially generated molecular repertoires have been largely used to identify novel bioactive compounds. Ever more sophisticated technological solutions have been proposed to simplify and speed up such process, expanding the chemical diversity space and increasing the prospect to select new molecular entities with specific and potent activities against targets of therapeutic relevance. In this context, random mixtures of oligomeric peptides were originally used and since 25 years they represent a continuous source of bioactive molecules with potencies ranging from the sub-nM to microM concentration. Synthetic peptide libraries are still employed as starting "synthetic broths" of structurally and chemically diversified molecular fragments from which lead compounds can be extracted and further modified. Thousands of studies have been reported describing the application of combinatorial mixtures of synthetic peptides with different complexity and engrafted on diverse structural scaffolds for the identification of new compounds which have been further developed and also tested in in vivo models of relevant diseases. We briefly review some of the most used methodologies for library preparation and screening and the most recent case studies appeared in the literature where compounds have reached at least in vivo testing in animal or similar models. Recent technological advancements in biotechnology, engineering and computer science have suggested new options to facilitate the discovery of new bioactive peptides. In this instance, we anticipate here a new approach for the design of simple but focused tripeptide libraries against druggable cavities of therapeutic targets and its complementation with existing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Sandomenico
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini del CNR and CIRPeB, Universita Federico II di Napoli, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Caporale
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini del CNR and CIRPeB, Universita Federico II di Napoli, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Nunzianna Doti
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini del CNR and CIRPeB, Universita Federico II di Napoli, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Simon Cross
- Molecular Discovery Ltd, Unit 501 Centennial Park, Centennial Avenue Elstree, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire WD6 3FG, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele Cruciani
- Molecular Discovery Ltd, Unit 501 Centennial Park, Centennial Avenue Elstree, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire WD6 3FG, United Kingdom.,Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Angela Chambery
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Vivaldi, 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Sandro De Falco
- Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica del CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Menotti Ruvo
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini del CNR and CIRPeB, Universita Federico II di Napoli, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy
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45
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Life, death, and autophagy in cancer: NF-κB turns up everywhere. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:210. [PMID: 32231206 PMCID: PMC7105474 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Escaping programmed cell death is a hallmark of cancer. NF-κB transcription factors are key regulator of cell survival and aberrant NF-κB signaling has been involved in the pathogenesis of most human malignancies. Although NF-κB is best known for its antiapoptotic role, other processes regulating the life/death balance, such as autophagy and necroptosis, seem to network with NF-κB. This review discusses how the reciprocal regulation of NF-κB, autophagy and programmed cell death affect cancer development and progression.
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Lim KS, Yong ZWE, Wang H, Tan TZ, Huang RYJ, Yamamoto D, Inaki N, Hazawa M, Wong RW, Oshima H, Oshima M, Ito Y, Voon DCC. Inflammatory and mitogenic signals drive interleukin 23 subunit alpha (IL23A) secretion independent of IL12B in intestinal epithelial cells. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:6387-6400. [PMID: 32209656 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The heterodimeric cytokine interleukin-23 (IL-23 or IL23A/IL12B) is produced by dendritic cells and macrophages and promotes the proinflammatory and regenerative activities of T helper 17 (Th17) and innate lymphoid cells. A recent study has reported that IL-23 is also secreted by lung adenoma cells and generates an inflammatory and immune-suppressed stroma. Here, we observed that proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling strongly induce IL23A expression in intestinal epithelial cells. Moreover, we identified a strong crosstalk between the NF-κB and MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) pathways, involving the formation of a transcriptional enhancer complex consisting of proto-oncogene c-Jun (c-Jun), RELA proto-oncogene NF-κB subunit (RelA), RUNX family transcription factor 1 (RUNX1), and RUNX3. Collectively, these proteins induced IL23A secretion, confirmed by immunoprecipitation of endogenous IL23A from activated human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell culture supernatants. Interestingly, IL23A was likely secreted in a noncanonical form, as it was not detected by an ELISA specific for heterodimeric IL-23 likely because IL12B expression is absent in CRC cells. Given recent evidence that IL23A promotes tumor formation, we evaluated the efficacy of MAPK/NF-κB inhibitors in attenuating IL23A expression and found that the MEK inhibitor trametinib and BAY 11-7082 (an IKKα/IκB inhibitor) effectively inhibited IL23A in a subset of human CRC lines with mutant KRAS or BRAFV600E mutations. Together, these results indicate that proinflammatory and mitogenic signals dynamically regulate IL23A in epithelial cells. They further reveal its secretion in a noncanonical form independent of IL12B and that small-molecule inhibitors can attenuate IL23A secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kee Siang Lim
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599.,WPI Nano-Life Science Institute (Nano-LSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Zachary Wei Ern Yong
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Huajing Wang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138669
| | - Tuan Zea Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599
| | - Ruby Yun-Ju Huang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore 119228
| | - Daisuke Yamamoto
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Ishikawa 920-8530, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Inaki
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba 279-0021, Japan
| | - Masaharu Hazawa
- Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.,Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Richard W Wong
- WPI Nano-Life Science Institute (Nano-LSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.,Faculty of Natural System, Institute of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.,Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroko Oshima
- WPI Nano-Life Science Institute (Nano-LSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.,Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masanobu Oshima
- WPI Nano-Life Science Institute (Nano-LSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.,Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ito
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599
| | - Dominic Chih-Cheng Voon
- Division of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan .,Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
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Rubira RJG, Camacho SA, Martin CS, Mejía-Salazar JR, Reyes Gómez F, da Silva RR, de Oliveira Junior ON, Alessio P, Constantino CJL. Designing Silver Nanoparticles for Detecting Levodopa (3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine, L-Dopa) Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS). SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 20:E15. [PMID: 31861443 PMCID: PMC6982777 DOI: 10.3390/s20010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Detection of the drug Levodopa (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, L-Dopa) is essential for the medical treatment of several neural disorders, including Parkinson's disease. In this paper, we employed surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with three shapes of silver nanoparticles (nanostars, AgNS; nanospheres, AgNP; and nanoplates, AgNPL) to detect L-Dopa in the nanoparticle dispersions. The sensitivity of the L-Dopa SERS signal depended on both nanoparticle shape and L-Dopa concentration. The adsorption mechanisms of L-Dopa on the nanoparticles inferred from a detailed analysis of the Raman spectra allowed us to determine the chemical groups involved. For instance, at concentrations below/equivalent to the limit found in human plasma (between 10-7-10-8 mol/L), L-Dopa adsorbs on AgNP through its ring, while at 10-5-10-6 mol/L adsorption is driven by the amino group. At even higher concentrations, above 10-4 mol/L, L-Dopa polymerization predominates. Therefore, our results show that adsorption depends on both the type of Ag nanoparticles (shape and chemical groups surrounding the Ag surface) and the L-Dopa concentration. The overall strategy based on SERS is a step forward to the design of nanostructures to detect analytes of clinical interest with high specificity and at varied concentration ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Jesus Gonçalves Rubira
- School of Technology and Applied Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900 SP, Brazil; (C.S.M.); (P.A.); (C.J.L.C.)
| | - Sabrina Alessio Camacho
- School of Sciences, Humanities and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis 19806-900 SP, Brazil;
| | - Cibely Silva Martin
- School of Technology and Applied Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900 SP, Brazil; (C.S.M.); (P.A.); (C.J.L.C.)
| | | | - Faustino Reyes Gómez
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo (USP), P.O. Box 369, São Carlos 13560-970 SP, Brazil; (F.R.G.); (R.R.d.S.)
| | - Robson Rosa da Silva
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo (USP), P.O. Box 369, São Carlos 13560-970 SP, Brazil; (F.R.G.); (R.R.d.S.)
| | | | - Priscila Alessio
- School of Technology and Applied Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900 SP, Brazil; (C.S.M.); (P.A.); (C.J.L.C.)
| | - Carlos José Leopoldo Constantino
- School of Technology and Applied Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900 SP, Brazil; (C.S.M.); (P.A.); (C.J.L.C.)
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48
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The Influence of Light on Reactive Oxygen Species and NF-кB in Disease Progression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120640. [PMID: 31842333 PMCID: PMC6943569 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important secondary metabolites that play major roles in signaling pathways, with their levels often used as analytical tools to investigate various cellular scenarios. They potentially damage genetic material and facilitate tumorigenesis by inhibiting certain tumor suppressors. In diabetic conditions, substantial levels of ROS stimulate oxidative stress through specialized precursors and enzymatic activity, while minimum levels are required for proper wound healing. Photobiomodulation (PBM) uses light to stimulate cellular mechanisms and facilitate the removal of oxidative stress. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) generates ROS to induce selective tumor destruction. The regulatory roles of PBM via crosstalk between ROS and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-кB) are substantial for the appropriate management of various conditions.
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49
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Wang Y, Dattmore DA, Wang W, Pohnert G, Wolfram S, Zhang J, Yang R, Decker EA, Lee KSS, Zhang G. trans, trans-2,4-Decadienal, a lipid peroxidation product, induces inflammatory responses via Hsp90- or 14-3-3ζ-dependent mechanisms. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 76:108286. [PMID: 31918337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids leads to the formation of a large array of lipid-derived electrophiles (LDEs), many of which are important signaling molecules involved in the pathogenesis of human diseases. Previous research has shown that one of such LDEs, trans, trans-2,4-decadienal (tt-DDE), increases inflammation, however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here we used click chemistry-based proteomics to identify the cellular targets which are required for the pro-inflammatory effects of tt-DDE. We found that treatment with tt-DDE increased cytokine production, JNK phosphorylation, and activation of NF-κB signaling in macrophage cells, and increased severity of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colonic inflammation in mice, demonstrating its pro-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. Using click chemistry-based proteomics, we found that tt-DDE directly interacts with Hsp90 and 14-3-3ζ, which are two important proteins involved in inflammation and tumorigenesis. Furthermore, siRNA knockdown of Hsp90 or 14-3-3ζ abolished the pro-inflammatory effects of tt-DDE in macrophage cells. Together, our results support that tt-DDE increases inflammatory responses via Hsp90- and 14-3-3ζ-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Devon A Dattmore
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Weicang Wang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Georg Pohnert
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Stefanie Wolfram
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Jianan Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Ran Yang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Eric A Decker
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
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Gadd45β promotes regeneration after injury through TGFβ-dependent restitution in experimental colitis. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-14. [PMID: 31666502 PMCID: PMC6821912 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0335-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated immune responses and impaired function in intestinal epithelial cells contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45 beta (Gadd45β) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory symptoms. However, the role of Gadd45β in IBD is completely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the role of Gadd45β in IBD. Gadd45β-KO mice exhibited drastically greater susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and mortality than C57BL/6J mice. Bone marrow transplantation experiments revealed that Gadd45β functions predominantly in the intestinal epithelium and is critical during the recovery phase. Gadd45β regulates the TGF-β signaling pathway in colon tissue and epithelial cells by inhibiting Smurf-mediated degradation of TGF-β receptor type 1 via competitive binding to the N-terminal domain of Smad7. Furthermore, these results indicate that the Gadd45β-regulated TGF-β signaling pathway is involved in wound healing by enhancing epithelial restitution. These results expand the current understanding of the function of Gadd45β and its therapeutic potential in ulcerative colitis. A signaling molecule that prevents inflammatory damage in an animal model of ulcerative colitis offers a promising therapeutic target. The molecular drivers of this form of inflammatory bowel disease remain poorly understood, but the associated damage to the intestinal epithelium is primarily due to uncontrolled immune cell activity. Jung Hwan Hwang of the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, and coworkers have now demonstrated that a protein called Gadd45β helps to reduce inflammatory damage to the epithelial barrier. They showed that a mouse model of chemically induced ulcerative colitis exhibited more severe disease symptoms and higher mortality when these animals also lacked Gadd45β. This protein is generally known to modulate immune cell activity response, but in this disease model, the authors primarily observed activity within intestinal epithelial cells, where it appears to facilitate wound healing.
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