1
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Beaulieu MO, Thomas ED, Raible DW. Transdifferentiation is uncoupled from progenitor pool expansion during hair cell regeneration in the zebrafish inner ear. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.09.588777. [PMID: 38645220 PMCID: PMC11030336 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.09.588777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Death of mechanosensory hair cells in the inner ear is a common cause of auditory and vestibular impairment in mammals, which have a limited ability to regrow these cells after damage. In contrast, non-mammalian vertebrates including zebrafish can robustly regenerate hair cells following severe organ damage. The zebrafish inner ear provides an understudied model system for understanding hair cell regeneration in organs that are highly conserved with their mammalian counterparts. Here we quantitatively examine hair cell addition during growth and regeneration of the larval zebrafish inner ear. We used a genetically encoded ablation method to induce hair cell death and observed gradual regeneration with correct spatial patterning over two weeks following ablation. Supporting cells, which surround and are a source of new hair cells, divide in response to hair cell ablation, expanding the possible progenitor pool. In parallel, nascent hair cells arise from direct transdifferentiation of progenitor pool cells uncoupled from progenitor division. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism of hair cell regeneration with implications for how hair cells may be encouraged to regenerate in the mammalian ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marielle O. Beaulieu
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Seattle, WA
- Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Seattle, WA
| | - Eric D. Thomas
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Seattle, WA
- Department of Biological Structure University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - David W. Raible
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Seattle, WA
- Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Seattle, WA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Seattle, WA
- Department of Biological Structure University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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2
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Amiri M, Kaviari MA, Rostaminasab G, Barimani A, Rezakhani L. A novel cell-free therapy using exosomes in the inner ear regeneration. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102373. [PMID: 38640600 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Cellular and molecular alterations associated with hearing loss are now better understood with advances in molecular biology. These changes indicate the participation of distinct damage and stress pathways that are unlikely to be fully addressed by conventional pharmaceutical treatment. Sensorineural hearing loss is a common and debilitating condition for which comprehensive pharmacologic intervention is not available. The complex and diverse molecular pathology that underlies hearing loss currently limits our ability to intervene with small molecules. The present review focuses on the potential for the use of extracellular vesicles in otology. It examines a variety of inner ear diseases and hearing loss that may be treatable using exosomes (EXOs). The role of EXOs as carriers for the treatment of diseases related to the inner ear as well as EXOs as biomarkers for the recognition of diseases related to the ear is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Amiri
- Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Kaviari
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN) Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Gelavizh Rostaminasab
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Barimani
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leila Rezakhani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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3
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Xu C, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Du H, Qi J, Tan F, Peng L, Gu X, Li N, Sun Q, Zhang Z, Lu Y, Qian X, Tong B, Sun J, Chai R, Shi Y. Pcolce2 overexpression promotes supporting cell reprogramming in the neonatal mouse cochlea. Cell Prolif 2024:e13633. [PMID: 38528645 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hair cell (HC) damage is a leading cause of sensorineural hearing loss, and in mammals supporting cells (SCs) are unable to divide and regenerate HCs after birth spontaneously. Procollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer 2 (Pcolce2), which encodes a glycoprotein that acts as a functional procollagen C protease enhancer, was screened as a candidate regulator of SC plasticity in our previous study. In the current study, we used adeno-associated virus (AAV)-ie (a newly developed adeno-associated virus that targets SCs) to overexpress Pcolce2 in SCs. AAV-Pcolce2 facilitated SC re-entry into the cell cycle both in cultured cochlear organoids and in the postnatal cochlea. In the neomycin-damaged model, regenerated HCs were detected after overexpression of Pcolce2, and these were derived from SCs that had re-entered the cell cycle. These findings reveal that Pcolce2 may serve as a therapeutic target for the regeneration of HCs to treat hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changling Xu
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoliang Du
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline Laboratory, Nanjing, China
| | - Jieyu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fangzhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Peng
- Otovia Therapeutics Inc, Suzhou, China
| | - Xingliang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nianci Li
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuhan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yicheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline Laboratory, Nanjing, China
| | - Busheng Tong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, School of Medicine, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Neurology, Aerospace Center Hospital, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Southeast University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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4
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Ascanelli C, Dahir R, Wilson CH. Manipulating Myc for reparative regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1357589. [PMID: 38577503 PMCID: PMC10991803 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1357589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The Myc family of proto-oncogenes is a key node for the signal transduction of external pro-proliferative signals to the cellular processes required for development, tissue homoeostasis maintenance, and regeneration across evolution. The tight regulation of Myc synthesis and activity is essential for restricting its oncogenic potential. In this review, we highlight the central role that Myc plays in regeneration across the animal kingdom (from Cnidaria to echinoderms to Chordata) and how Myc could be employed to unlock the regenerative potential of non-regenerative tissues in humans for therapeutic purposes. Mastering the fine balance of harnessing the ability of Myc to promote transcription without triggering oncogenesis may open the door to many exciting opportunities for therapeutic development across a wide array of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Catherine H. Wilson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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5
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Choi SW, Abitbol JM, Cheng AG. Hair Cell Regeneration: From Animals to Humans. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 17:1-14. [PMID: 38271988 PMCID: PMC10933805 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2023.01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cochlear hair cells convert sound into electrical signals that are relayed via the spiral ganglion neurons to the central auditory pathway. Hair cells are vulnerable to damage caused by excessive noise, aging, and ototoxic agents. Non-mammals can regenerate lost hair cells by mitotic regeneration and direct transdifferentiation of surrounding supporting cells. However, in mature mammals, damaged hair cells are not replaced, resulting in permanent hearing loss. Recent studies have uncovered mechanisms by which sensory organs in non-mammals and the neonatal mammalian cochlea regenerate hair cells, and outlined possible mechanisms why this ability declines rapidly with age in mammals. Here, we review similarities and differences between avian, zebrafish, and mammalian hair cell regeneration. Moreover, we discuss advances and limitations of hair cell regeneration in the mature cochlea and their potential applications to human hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Won Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Julia M. Abitbol
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alan G. Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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6
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Tan F, Li X, Li X, Xu M, Shahzad KA, Hou L. GelMA/PEDOT:PSS Composite Conductive Hydrogel-Based Generation and Protection of Cochlear Hair Cells through Multiple Signaling Pathways. Biomolecules 2024; 14:95. [PMID: 38254695 PMCID: PMC10812993 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in cochlear implantology are exemplified by novel functional strategies such as bimodal electroacoustic stimulation, in which the patient has intact low-frequency hearing and profound high-frequency hearing pre-operatively. Therefore, the synergistic restoration of dysfunctional cochlear hair cells and the protection of hair cells from ototoxic insults have become a persistent target pursued for this hybrid system. In this study, we developed a composite GelMA/PEDOT:PSS conductive hydrogel that is suitable as a coating for the cochlear implant electrode for the potential local delivery of otoregenerative and otoprotective drugs. Various material characterization methods (e.g., 1H NMR spectroscopy, FT-IR, EIS, and SEM), experimental models (e.g., murine cochlear organoid and aminoglycoside-induced ototoxic HEI-OC1 cellular model), and biological analyses (e.g., confocal laser scanning microscopy, real time qPCR, flow cytometry, and bioinformatic sequencing) were used. The results demonstrated decent material properties of the hydrogel, such as mechanical (e.g., high tensile stress and Young's modulus), electrochemical (e.g., low impedance and high conductivity), biocompatibility (e.g., satisfactory cochlear cell interaction and free of systemic toxicity), and biosafety (e.g., minimal hemolysis and cell death) features. In addition, the CDR medicinal cocktail sustainably released by the hydrogel not only promoted the expansion of the cochlear stem cells but also boosted the trans-differentiation from cochlear supporting cells into hair cells. Furthermore, hydrogel-based drug delivery protected the hair cells from oxidative stress and various forms of programmed cell death (e.g., apoptosis and ferroptosis). Finally, using large-scale sequencing, we enriched a complex network of signaling pathways that are potentially downstream to various metabolic processes and abundant metabolites. In conclusion, we present a conductive hydrogel-based local delivery of bifunctional drug cocktails, thereby serving as a potential solution to intracochlear therapy of bimodal auditory rehabilitation and diseases beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tan
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China; (X.L.); (M.X.); (K.A.S.)
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China
- Department of ORL-HNS, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of ORL-HNS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, London WC2A 3PE, UK
| | - Xuran Li
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China; (X.L.); (M.X.); (K.A.S.)
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology & Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China; (X.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Maoxiang Xu
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China; (X.L.); (M.X.); (K.A.S.)
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Khawar Ali Shahzad
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China; (X.L.); (M.X.); (K.A.S.)
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Lei Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology & Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China; (X.L.); (L.H.)
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7
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You D, Ni W, Huang Y, Zhou Q, Zhang Y, Jiang T, Chen Y, Li W. The proper timing of Atoh1 expression is pivotal for hair cell subtype differentiation and the establishment of inner ear function. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:349. [PMID: 37930405 PMCID: PMC10628023 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04947-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Atoh1 overexpression is essential for hair cell (HC) regeneration in the sensory epithelium of mammalian auditory and vestibular organs. However, Atoh1 overexpression alone cannot induce fully mature and functional HCs in the mammalian inner ear. In the current study, we investigated the effect of Atoh1 constitutive overexpression in native HCs by manipulating Atoh1 expression at different developmental stages. We demonstrated that constitutive overexpression of Atoh1 in native vestibular HCs did not affect cell survival but did impair vestibular function by interfering with the subtype differentiation of HCs and hair bundle development. In contrast, Atoh1 overexpression in cochlear HCs impeded their maturation, eventually leading to gradual HC loss in the cochlea and hearing dysfunction. Our study suggests that time-restricted Atoh1 expression is essential for the differentiation and survival of HCs in the inner ear, and this is pivotal for both hearing and vestibular function re-establishment through Atoh1 overexpression-induced HC regeneration strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan You
- ENT Institute, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Ni
- ENT Institute, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yikang Huang
- ENT Institute, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhou
- ENT Institute, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- ENT Institute, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Jiang
- ENT Institute, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- ENT Institute, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenyan Li
- ENT Institute, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Chen Y, Lee JH, Li J, Park S, Flores MCP, Peguero B, Kersigo J, Kang M, Choi J, Levine L, Gratton MA, Fritzsch B, Yamoah EN. Genetic and pharmacologic alterations of claudin9 levels suffice to induce functional and mature inner hair cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.08.561387. [PMID: 37873357 PMCID: PMC10592694 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.08.561387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss is the most common form of sensory deficit. It occurs predominantly due to hair cell (HC) loss. Mammalian HCs are terminally differentiated by birth, making HC loss incurable. Here, we show the pharmacogenetic downregulation of Cldn9, a tight junction protein, generates robust supernumerary inner HCs (IHCs) in mice. The putative ectopic IHCs have functional and synaptic features akin to typical IHCs and were surprisingly and remarkably preserved for at least fifteen months >50% of the mouse's life cycle. In vivo, Cldn9 knockdown using shRNA on postnatal days (P) P1-7 yielded analogous functional putative ectopic IHCs that were equally durably conserved. The findings suggest that Cldn9 levels coordinate embryonic and postnatal HC differentiation, making it a viable target for altering IHC development pre- and post-terminal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Chen
- University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno NV 89557
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jeong Han Lee
- University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno NV 89557
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Washington Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Seojin Park
- University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno NV 89557
- Prestige Biopharma, 11-12F, 44, Myongjigukje7-ro, Gangseo-gu, Busan, South Korea 67264
| | - Maria C. Perez Flores
- University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno NV 89557
| | - Braulio Peguero
- Otolaryngology-Head, Neck Surgery, St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63108
| | | | - Mincheol Kang
- University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno NV 89557
- Prestige Biopharma, 11-12F, 44, Myongjigukje7-ro, Gangseo-gu, Busan, South Korea 67264
| | - Jinsil Choi
- University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno NV 89557
| | | | | | | | - Ebenezer N. Yamoah
- University of Nevada, Reno, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno NV 89557
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9
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Li X, Morgan C, Nadar‐Ponniah PT, Kolanus W, Doetzlhofer A. TRIM71 reactivation enhances the mitotic and hair cell-forming potential of cochlear supporting cells. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56562. [PMID: 37492931 PMCID: PMC10481673 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cochlear hair cell loss is a leading cause of deafness in humans. Neighboring supporting cells have some capacity to regenerate hair cells. However, their regenerative potential sharply declines as supporting cells undergo maturation (postnatal day 5 in mice). We recently reported that reactivation of the RNA-binding protein LIN28B restores the hair cell-regenerative potential of P5 cochlear supporting cells. Here, we identify the LIN28B target Trim71 as a novel and equally potent enhancer of supporting cell plasticity. TRIM71 is a critical regulator of stem cell behavior and cell reprogramming; however, its role in cell regeneration is poorly understood. Employing an organoid-based assay, we show that TRIM71 re-expression increases the mitotic and hair cell-forming potential of P5 cochlear supporting cells by facilitating their de-differentiation into progenitor-like cells. Our mechanistic work indicates that TRIM71's RNA-binding activity is essential for such ability, and our transcriptomic analysis identifies gene modules that are linked to TRIM71 and LIN28B-mediated supporting cell reprogramming. Furthermore, our study uncovers that the TRIM71-LIN28B target Hmga2 is essential for supporting cell self-renewal and hair cell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Jun Li
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of NeuroscienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- Present address:
Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710054China
| | - Charles Morgan
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of NeuroscienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Prathamesh T Nadar‐Ponniah
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of NeuroscienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Waldemar Kolanus
- Molecular Immunology and Cell Biology, Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES)University of BonnBonnGermany
| | - Angelika Doetzlhofer
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of NeuroscienceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- Department of Otolaryngology and Center for Hearing and BalanceJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
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10
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Smith-Cortinez N, Hendriksen FGJ, Ramekers D, Stokroos RJ, Versnel H, Straatman LV. Long-term survival of LGR5 expressing supporting cells after severe ototoxic trauma in the adult mouse cochlea. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1236894. [PMID: 37692553 PMCID: PMC10483136 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1236894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) is a tissue resident stem cell marker, which it is expressed in supporting cells (SCs) in the organ of Corti in the mammalian inner ear. These LGR5+ SCs can be used as an endogenous source of progenitor cells for regeneration of hair cells (HCs) to treat hearing loss and deafness. We have recently reported that LGR5+ SCs survive 1 week after ototoxic trauma. Here, we evaluated Lgr5 expression in the adult cochlea and long-term survival of LGR5+ SCs following severe hearing loss. Methods Lgr5GFP transgenic mice and wild type mice aged postnatal day 30 (P30) and P200 were used. P30 animals were deafened with a single dose of furosemide and kanamycin. Seven and 28 days after deafening, auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were recorded. Cochleas were harvested to characterize mature HCs and LGR5+ SCs by immunofluorescence microscopy and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (q-RT-PCR). Results There were no significant age-related changes in Lgr5 expression when comparing normal-hearing (NH) mice aged P200 with P30. Seven and 28 days after ototoxic trauma, there was severe outer HC loss and LGR5 was expressed in the third row of Deiters' cells and in inner pillar cells. Seven days after induction of ototoxic trauma there was an up-regulation of the mRNA expression of Lgr5 compared to the NH condition; 28 days after ototoxic trauma Lgr5 expression was similar to NH levels. Discussion The presence of LGR5+ SCs in the adult mouse cochlea, which persists after severe HC loss, suggests potential regenerative capacity of endogenous cochlear progenitor cells in adulthood. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing not only long-term survival of LGR5+ SCs in the normal and ototoxically damaged cochlea, but also increased Lgr5 expression in the adult mouse cochlea after deafening, suggesting long-term availability of potential target cells for future regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Smith-Cortinez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ferry G. J. Hendriksen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Dyan Ramekers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Robert J. Stokroos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Huib Versnel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Louise V. Straatman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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11
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Brown AD, Hayward T, Portfors CV, Coffin AB. On the value of diverse organisms in auditory research: From fish to flies to humans. Hear Res 2023; 432:108754. [PMID: 37054531 PMCID: PMC10424633 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Historically, diverse organisms have contributed to our understanding of auditory function. In recent years, the laboratory mouse has become the prevailing non-human model in auditory research, particularly for biomedical studies. There are many questions in auditory research for which the mouse is the most appropriate (or the only) model system available. But mice cannot provide answers for all auditory problems of basic and applied importance, nor can any single model system provide a synthetic understanding of the diverse solutions that have evolved to facilitate effective detection and use of acoustic information. In this review, spurred by trends in funding and publishing and inspired by parallel observations in other domains of neuroscience, we highlight a few examples of the profound impact and lasting benefits of comparative and basic organismal research in the auditory system. We begin with the serendipitous discovery of hair cell regeneration in non-mammalian vertebrates, a finding that has fueled an ongoing search for pathways to hearing restoration in humans. We then turn to the problem of sound source localization - a fundamental task that most auditory systems have been compelled to solve despite large variation in the magnitudes and kinds of spatial acoustic cues available, begetting varied direction-detecting mechanisms. Finally, we consider the power of work in highly specialized organisms to reveal exceptional solutions to sensory problems - and the diverse returns of deep neuroethological inquiry - via the example of echolocating bats. Throughout, we consider how discoveries made possible by comparative and curiosity-driven organismal research have driven fundamental scientific, biomedical, and technological advances in the auditory field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Brown
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, 1417 NE 42nd St, Seattle, WA, 98105 USA; Virginia-Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, University of Washington, 1701 NE Columbia Rd, Seattle, WA, 98195 USA.
| | - Tamasen Hayward
- College of Arts and Sciences, Washington State University, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA
| | - Christine V Portfors
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA
| | - Allison B Coffin
- College of Arts and Sciences, Washington State University, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA; School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA; Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, 14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA.
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12
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Quan YZ, Wei W, Ergin V, Rameshbabu A, Huang M, Tian C, Saladi S, Indzhykulian A, Chen ZY. Reprogramming by drug-like molecules leads to regeneration of cochlear hair cell-like cells in adult mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2215253120. [PMID: 37068229 PMCID: PMC10151514 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2215253120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Strategies to overcome irreversible cochlear hair cell (HC) damage and loss in mammals are of vital importance to hearing recovery in patients with permanent hearing loss. In mature mammalian cochlea, co-activation of Myc and Notch1 reprograms supporting cells (SC) and promotes HC regeneration. Understanding of the underlying mechanisms may aid the development of a clinically relevant approach to achieve HC regeneration in the nontransgenic mature cochlea. By single-cell RNAseq, we show that MYC/NICD "rejuvenates" the adult mouse cochlea by activating multiple pathways including Wnt and cyclase activator of cyclic AMP (cAMP), whose blockade suppresses HC-like cell regeneration despite Myc/Notch activation. We screened and identified a combination (the cocktail) of drug-like molecules composing of small molecules and small interfering RNAs to activate the pathways of Myc, Notch1, Wnt and cAMP. We show that the cocktail effectively replaces Myc and Notch1 transgenes and reprograms fully mature wild-type (WT) SCs for HC-like cells regeneration in vitro. Finally, we demonstrate the cocktail is capable of reprogramming adult cochlea for HC-like cells regeneration in WT mice with HC loss in vivo. Our study identifies a strategy by a clinically relevant approach to reprogram mature inner ear for HC-like cells regeneration, laying the foundation for hearing restoration by HC regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhou Quan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Necks, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110004, China
| | - Volkan Ergin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
| | - Arun Prabhu Rameshbabu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
| | - Mingqian Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
| | - Chunjie Tian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
| | - Srinivas Vinod Saladi
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA02142
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - Artur A. Indzhykulian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
| | - Zheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA02114
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13
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Smith-Cortinez N, Tan AK, Stokroos RJ, Versnel H, Straatman LV. Regeneration of Hair Cells from Endogenous Otic Progenitors in the Adult Mammalian Cochlea: Understanding Its Origins and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097840. [PMID: 37175547 PMCID: PMC10177935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by damage to sensory hair cells and/or spiral ganglion neurons. In non-mammalian species, hair cell regeneration after damage is observed, even in adulthood. Although the neonatal mammalian cochlea carries regenerative potential, the adult cochlea cannot regenerate lost hair cells. The survival of supporting cells with regenerative potential after cochlear trauma in adults is promising for promoting hair cell regeneration through therapeutic approaches. Targeting these cells by manipulating key signaling pathways that control mammalian cochlear development and non-mammalian hair cell regeneration could lead to regeneration of hair cells in the mammalian cochlea. This review discusses the pathways involved in the development of the cochlea and the impact that trauma has on the regenerative capacity of the endogenous progenitor cells. Furthermore, it discusses the effects of manipulating key signaling pathways targeting supporting cells with progenitor potential to promote hair cell regeneration and translates these findings to the human situation. To improve hearing recovery after hearing loss in adults, we propose a combined approach targeting (1) the endogenous progenitor cells by manipulating signaling pathways (Wnt, Notch, Shh, FGF and BMP/TGFβ signaling pathways), (2) by manipulating epigenetic control, and (3) by applying neurotrophic treatments to promote reinnervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Smith-Cortinez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Katherine Tan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert J Stokroos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Huib Versnel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Louise V Straatman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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14
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Zhang M, Qu T, Liu S, Yu F, Fan L, Lin D, Zhang Q, Song F, Zhang M, Cui B, Zhang S. Ethylbenzene induces hearing loss by triggering mitochondrial impairments and excess apoptosis in cochlear progenitor cells via suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114721. [PMID: 36950984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ethylbenzene (EB) is widely distributed at low levels in the environment from vehicle emissions, industrial discharge, cigarette smoke, and in some food and consumer products. Evidence shows that EB exposure is associated with hearing loss, yet the mechanisms are unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which plays a key role during cochlear development, in EB-induced hearing loss. In vitro, we found that EB treatment decreased the viability of cochlear progenitor cells (CPCs), isolated from the cochleae of neonatal rats and crucial for cochlear hair cells generation and hearing construction, via inducing mitochondrial impairments and excessive apoptosis. These were accompanied by the inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade, as manifested by the decreased levels of related molecules β-catenin, LEF-1 and Lgr5. These findings were further confirmed by knocking down β-catenin and immunofluorescence analysis. Interestingly, adenovirus-mediated β-catenin overexpression activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling network, alleviated mitochondrial impairments, reduced cell apoptosis, therefore promoting CPCs survival under EB treatment conditions. Finally, using adult Sprague-Dawley rats as an in vivo model with EB inhalation for 13 weeks, we found that exposure to EB decreased body weight gain, increased the hearing thresholds at different exposure stages, along with Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway suppression in cochlear tissue. More importantly, cochlear microinjection of recombinant lentivirus expressing β-catenin significantly reversed EB-elicited these deleterious effects. Collectively, our results indicate that EB induces hearing loss by triggering mitochondrial impairments and excess apoptosis in CPCs via suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and provide clues for the possible therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health Comprehensive Management, Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Tengjiao Qu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Fangjin Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lin Fan
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Dafeng Lin
- Department of Occupational Health Comprehensive Management, Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Fangfang Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Meibian Zhang
- National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bo Cui
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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15
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Zhang L, Fang Y, Tan F, Guo F, Zhang Z, Li N, Sun Q, Qi J, Chai R. AAV-Net1 facilitates the trans-differentiation of supporting cells into hair cells in the murine cochlea. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:86. [PMID: 36917323 PMCID: PMC11072078 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Mechanosensitive hair cells (HCs) in the cochlear sensory epithelium are critical for sound detection and transduction. Mammalian HCs in the cochlea undergo cytogenesis during embryonic development, and irreversible damage to hair cells postnatally is a major cause of deafness. During the development of the organ of Corti, HCs and supporting cells (SCs) originate from the same precursors. In the neonatal cochlea, damage to HCs activates adjacent SCs to act as HC precursors and to differentiate into new HCs. However, the plasticity of SCs to produce new HCs is gradually lost with cochlear development. Here, we delineate an essential role for the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Net1 in SC trans-differentiation into HCs. Net1 overexpression mediated by AAV-ie in SCs promoted cochlear organoid formation and HC differentiation under two and three-dimensional culture conditions. Also, AAV-Net1 enhanced SC proliferation in Lgr5-EGFPCreERT2 mice and HC generation as indicated by lineage tracing of HCs in the cochleae of Lgr5-EGFPCreERT2/Rosa26-tdTomatoloxp/loxp mice. We further found that the up-regulation of Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling in AAV-Net1-transduced cochleae might be responsible for the SC proliferation and HC differentiation. Also, Net1 overexpression in SCs enhanced SC proliferation and HC regeneration and survival after HC damage by neomycin. Taken together, our study suggests that Net1 might serve as a potential target for HC regeneration and that AAV-mediated gene regulation may be a promising approach in stem cell-based therapy in hearing restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Fangzhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Fangfang Guo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Nianci Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Qiuhan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Jieyu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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16
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Generation of p27icreER transgenic mice: A tool for inducible gene expression in supporting cells in the cochlea. Hear Res 2023; 431:108727. [PMID: 36905855 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The loss of cochlear hair cells (HCs) is an important cause of sensorineural hearing loss, and finding ways to regenerate HCs would be the ideal way forward for restoring hearing. In this research field, tamoxifen-inducible Cre recombinase (iCreER) transgenic mice and the Cre-loxp system are widely used to manipulate gene expression in supporting cells (SCs), which lie beneath the sensory HCs and are a natural source for HC regeneration. However, many iCreER transgenic lines are of limited utility because they cannot target all subtypes of SCs or they cannot be used in the adult stage. In this study, a new line of iCreER transgenic mice, the p27-P2A-iCreERT2 knock-in mouse strain, was generated by inserting the P2A-iCreERT2 cassette immediately in front of the stop codon of p27, which kept the endogenous expression and function of p27 intact. Using a reporter mouse line with tdTomato fluorescence, we showed that the p27iCreER transgenic line can target all subtypes of cochlear SCs, including Claudius cells. p27-CreER activity in SCs was observed in both the postnatal and the adult stage, suggesting that this mouse strain can be useful for research work in adult cochlear HC regeneration. We then overexpressed Gfi1, Pou4f3, and Atoh1 in p27+ SCs of P6/7 mice using this strain and successfully induced many new Myo7a/tdTomato double-positive cells, further confirming that the p27-P2A-iCreERT2 mouse strain is a new and reliable tool for cochlear HC regeneration and hearing restoration.
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Weng M, Zhao R, Niu Q, Zeng Y, Wang X, Gao X, Han Z, Bing J, Xi C, Liu J, Xu J, Yang S, Zeng S. Adenovirus-mediated effects of Wnt and Notch signalling pathways on hair cell regeneration in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 658:44-54. [PMID: 37023614 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Some genes are delivered to cochleae by adenoviruses to restore partial hearing function. This provides promising prospects for gene therapies for hearing loss from hair cell damage. To study the adenovirus (AD)-mediated effect of the Wnt and Notch signalling pathways on hair cell regeneration in the mouse cochlea, we constructed a β-catenin-adenovirus (β-catenin-AD) to increase the activity of the Wnt signalling pathway and a NICD (intracellular domain of Notch1)-RNAi-adenovirus to decrease the activity of the Notch signalling pathway (NICD-RNAi-AD). Our study indicated that approximately 40% of supporting cells in the cochleae damaged by gentamicin were infected with the adenoviruses. Following the β-catenin-AD-mediated increase in Wnt signalling pathway activity, mitotic regeneration was increased, while direct transdifferentiation was increased after the NICD-RNAi-AD-mediated decrease in Notch signalling pathway activity. The expected synergistic interaction on hair cell regeneration was not obtained after coinfection of β-catenin-AD and NICD-RNAi-AD into the damaged cochleae, which might be due to the low cotransfection efficiency to supporting cells. Our study indicated that it may be possible to develop AD mediated gene therapies for hearing loss that act by regulating the Wnt and Notch signalling pathways.
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Foster T, Lewkowicz M, Quintas C, Ionescu CM, Jones M, Wagle SR, Kovacevic B, Wong EYM, Mooranian A, Al-Salami H. Novel Nanoencapsulation Technology and its Potential Role in Bile Acid-Based Targeted Gene Delivery to the Inner Ear. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2204986. [PMID: 36538754 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss impacts a large proportion of the global population. Damage to the inner ear, in particular the sensitive hair cells, can impact individuals for the rest of their lives. There are very limited options for interventions after damage to these cells has occurred. Targeted gene delivery may provide an effective means to trigger appropriate differentiation of progenitor cells for effective replacement of these sensitive hair cells. There are several hurdles that need to be overcome to effectively deliver these genes. Nanoencapsulation technology has previously been used for the delivery of pharmaceuticals, proteins and nucleic acids, and may provide an effective means of delivering genes to trigger appropriate differentiation. This review investigates the background of hearing loss, current advancements and pitfalls of gene delivery, and how nanoencapsulation may be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Foster
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Lewkowicz
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Christina Quintas
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Corina Mihaela Ionescu
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Melissa Jones
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Susbin Raj Wagle
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bozica Kovacevic
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elaine Y M Wong
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Armin Mooranian
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, 9016, New Zealand
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Hearing Therapeutics, Ear Science Institute Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands 6009, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Li XJ, Morgan C, Nadar-Ponniah PT, Kolanus W, Doetzlhofer A. Reactivation of the progenitor gene Trim71 enhances the mitotic and hair cell-forming potential of cochlear supporting cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.12.523802. [PMID: 36711735 PMCID: PMC9882147 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.12.523802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cochlear hair cell loss is a leading cause of deafness in humans. Neighboring supporting cells have some capacity to regenerate hair cells. However, their regenerative potential sharply declines as supporting cells undergo maturation (postnatal day 5 in mice). We recently reported that reactivation of the RNA-binding protein LIN28B restores the hair cell-regenerative potential of P5 cochlear supporting cells. Here, we identify the LIN28B target Trim71 as a novel and equally potent enhancer of supporting cell plasticity. TRIM71 is a critical regulator of stem cell behavior and cell reprogramming, however, its role in cell regeneration is poorly understood. Employing an organoid-based assay, we show that TRIM71 reactivation increases the mitotic and hair cell-forming potential of P5 cochlear supporting cells by facilitating their de-differentiation into progenitor-like cells. Our mechanistic work indicates that TRIM71’s RNA-binding activity is essential for such ability, and our transcriptomic analysis identifies gene modules that are linked to TRIM71 and LIN28B-mediated supporting cell reprogramming. Furthermore, our study uncovers that the TRIM71-LIN28B target Hmga2 is essential for supporting cell self-renewal and hair cell formation.
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20
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Wijesinghe P, Sastry A, Hui E, Cogan TA, Zheng B, Ho G, Kakal J, Nunez DA. Adult porcine (Sus scrofa) derived inner ear cells: Characteristics in in-vitro cultures. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023. [PMID: 36598271 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for an animal model that closely parallels human cochlea gestational development. This study aims to document porcine inner ear anatomy, and in vitro porcine derived inner ear cell culture characteristics. Twenty-four temporal bone were harvested from 12 adult pigs (Sus scrofa). Six were formalin fixed and their maximal diameters were measured. The cochlea duct length was determined by the insertion length of a Nucleus 22 cochlear implant in two bones. Four formalin fixed bones were sectioned for histology. Cochlear and vestibular tissues were harvested from non-fixed bones, cultured and characterized at different passages (P). Gene and protein expression of multipotent stem/progenitor (Nestin and Sox2), inner ear hair (Myosin VIIa, Prestin) and supporting (Cytokeratin 18 and Vimentin) cell markers were determined. The porcine cochlea was a 3.5 turn spiral. There was a separate vestibular compartment. The cochlear mean maximal diameter and height was 7.99 and 3.77 mm, respectively. Sphere forming cells were identified on phase-contrast microscopy. The relative mRNA expression levels of KRT18, MYO7A and SLC26A5 were significantly positively correlated in cochlear cultures; and MYO7A and SLC26A5; SOX2 and KRT18; NES and SLC26A5 genes were positively correlated in vestibular cultures (p = .037, Spearman correlation [τ] = .900). Inner ear sensory and stem cell characteristics persist in passaged porcine inner ear cells. Further work is required to establish the usefulness of porcine inner ear cell cultures to the study of human inner ear disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Printha Wijesinghe
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anand Sastry
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Elizabeth Hui
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tristan A Cogan
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Boyuan Zheng
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Germain Ho
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Juzer Kakal
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Desmond A Nunez
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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21
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Wang J, Zheng J, Wang H, He H, Li S, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Xu X, Wang S. Gene therapy: an emerging therapy for hair cells regeneration in the cochlea. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1177791. [PMID: 37207182 PMCID: PMC10188948 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1177791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is typically caused by damage to the cochlear hair cells (HCs) due to external stimuli or because of one's genetic factors and the inability to convert sound mechanical energy into nerve impulses. Adult mammalian cochlear HCs cannot regenerate spontaneously; therefore, this type of deafness is usually considered irreversible. Studies on the developmental mechanisms of HC differentiation have revealed that nonsensory cells in the cochlea acquire the ability to differentiate into HCs after the overexpression of specific genes, such as Atoh1, which makes HC regeneration possible. Gene therapy, through in vitro selection and editing of target genes, transforms exogenous gene fragments into target cells and alters the expression of genes in target cells to activate the corresponding differentiation developmental program in target cells. This review summarizes the genes that have been associated with the growth and development of cochlear HCs in recent years and provides an overview of gene therapy approaches in the field of HC regeneration. It concludes with a discussion of the limitations of the current therapeutic approaches to facilitate the early implementation of this therapy in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jipeng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianwei Zheng
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haoying He
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - You Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: You Wang,
| | - Xiaoxiang Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Xiaoxiang Xu,
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Shuyi Wang,
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22
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Harris RE. Regeneration enhancers: a field in development. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1548-C1554. [PMID: 36252130 PMCID: PMC9829460 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00403.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The ability to regenerate tissues and organs following damage is not equally distributed across metazoans, and even highly related species can vary considerably in their regenerative capacity. Studies of animals with high regenerative potential have shown that factors expressed during normal development are often reactivated upon damage and required for successful regeneration. As such, regenerative potential may not be dictated by the presence or absence of the necessary genes, but whether such genes are appropriately activated following injury. The identification of damage-responsive enhancers that regulate regenerative gene expression in multiple species and tissues provides possible mechanistic insight into this phenomenon. Enhancers that are reused from developmental programs, and those that are potentially unique to regeneration, have been characterized individually and at a genome-wide scale. A better understanding of the regulatory events that, direct and in some cases limit, regenerative capacity is an important step in developing new methods to manipulate and augment regeneration, particularly in tissues that do not have this ability, including those of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin E. Harris
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
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23
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Chen ZR, Guo JY, He L, Liu S, Xu JY, Yang ZJ, Su W, Liu K, Gong SS, Wang GP. Co-transduction of dual-adeno-associated virus vectors in the neonatal and adult mouse utricles. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1020803. [PMID: 36340687 PMCID: PMC9629838 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1020803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene transfer is an efficient method of gene over-expression in the vestibular end organs. However, AAV has limited usefulness for delivering a large gene, or multiple genes, due to its small packaging capacity (< 5 kb). Co-transduction of dual-AAV vectors can be used to increase the packaging capacity for gene delivery to various organs and tissues. However, its usefulness has not been well validated in the vestibular sensory epithelium. In the present study, we characterized the co-transduction of dual-AAV vectors in mouse utricles following inoculation of two AAV-serotype inner ear (AAV-ie) vectors via canalostomy. Firstly, co-transduction efficiencies were compared between dual-AAV-ie vectors using two different promoters: cytomegalovirus (CMV) and CMV early enhancer/chicken β-actin (CAG). In the group of dual AAV-ie-CAG vectors, the co-transduction rates for striolar hair cells (HCs), extrastriolar HCs, striolar supporting cells (SCs), and extrastriolar SCs were 23.14 ± 2.25%, 27.05 ± 2.10%, 57.65 ± 7.21%, and 60.33 ± 5.69%, respectively. The co-transduction rates in the group of dual AAV-ie-CMV vectors were comparable to those in the dual AAV-ie-CAG group. Next, we examined the co-transduction of dual-AAV-ie-CAG vectors in the utricles of neonatal mice and damaged adult mice. In the neonatal mice, co-transduction rates were 52.88 ± 3.11% and 44.93 ± 2.06% in the striolar and extrastriolar HCs, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in adult mice. In the Pou4f3+/DTR mice, following diphtheria toxin administration, which eliminated most HCs and spared the SCs, the co-transduction rate of SCs was not significantly different to that of normal utricles. Transgene expression persisted for up to 3 months in the adult mice. Furthermore, sequential administration of two AAV-ie-CAG vectors at an interval of 1 week resulted in a higher co-transduction rate in HCs than concurrent delivery. The auditory brainstem responses and swim tests did not reveal any disruption of auditory or vestibular function after co-transduction with dual-AAV-ie vectors. In conclusion, dual-AAV-ie vectors allow efficient co-transduction in the vestibular sensory epithelium and facilitate the delivery of large or multiple genes for vestibular gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Rui Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Ying Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Yi Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zi-Jing Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Peng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Hearing Loss, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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24
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Cui Q, Chen N, Wen C, Xi J, Huang L. Research trends and hotspot analysis of age-related hearing loss from a bibliographic perspective. Front Psychol 2022; 13:921117. [PMID: 36211873 PMCID: PMC9536176 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.921117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundUp-to-date information about the trends of age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and how this varies between countries is essential to plan for an adequate health-system response. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the research hotpots and trends in ARHL and to provide the basis and direction for future research.Materials and methodsThe Web of Science Core Collection database was searched and screened according to the inclusion criteria during 2002–2021. Bibliometric analyses were conducted by CiteSpace (Chaomei Chen, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States) software and VOSviewer (Center for Science and Technology Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands) software.ResultsThe query identified 1,496 publications, which showed a growth trend of this filed. These publications were from 62 countries, the United States of America (United States) showed its tremendous impact on this field in publication outputs, total citations, and international collaborations, China following in second. The Journal of Hearing Research was the most productive journal. Weijia Kong published the most papers, and the most productive institution was Washington University. The keyword “presbycusis” ranked first in research frontiers and appeared earlier, and the keywords “age-related hearing loss,” “risk,” “dementia,” “auditory cortex,” “association,” and “decline” began to appear in recent years.ConclusionThe annual number of publications has grown rapidly in the past two decades and will continue to grow. Epidemiological investigation and laboratory research are lasting hot spots, besides future research will focus on the association between ARHL and cognitive decline, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjia Cui
- Rehabilitation Centre of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Chen
- Rehabilitation Centre of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianing Xi
- Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Jianing Xi,
| | - Lihui Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otolaryngology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lihui Huang,
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25
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Heuermann ML, Matos S, Hamilton D, Cox BC. Regenerated hair cells in the neonatal cochlea are innervated and the majority co-express markers of both inner and outer hair cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:841864. [PMID: 36187289 PMCID: PMC9524252 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.841864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
After a damaging insult, hair cells can spontaneously regenerate from cochlear supporting cells within the first week of life. While the regenerated cells express several markers of immature hair cells and have stereocilia bundles, their capacity to differentiate into inner or outer hair cells, and ability to form new synaptic connections has not been well-described. In addition, while multiple supporting cell subtypes have been implicated as the source of the regenerated hair cells, it is unclear if certain subtypes have a greater propensity to form one hair cell type over another. To investigate this, we used two CreER mouse models to fate-map either the supporting cells located near the inner hair cells (inner phalangeal and border cells) or outer hair cells (Deiters’, inner pillar, and outer pillar cells) along with immunostaining for markers that specify the two hair cell types. We found that supporting cells fate-mapped by both CreER lines responded early to hair cell damage by expressing Atoh1, and are capable of producing regenerated hair cells that express terminal differentiation markers of both inner and outer hair cells. The majority of regenerated hair cells were innervated by neuronal fibers and contained synapses. Unexpectedly, we also found that the majority of the laterally positioned regenerated hair cells aberrantly expressed both the outer hair cell gene, oncomodulin, and the inner hair cell gene, vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGlut3). While this work demonstrates that regenerated cells can express markers of both inner and outer hair cells after damage, VGlut3 expression appears to lack the tight control present during embryogenesis, which leads to its inappropriate expression in regenerated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell L. Heuermann
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
| | - Sophia Matos
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
| | - Deborah Hamilton
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
| | - Brandon C. Cox
- Department of Otolaryngology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Brandon C. Cox,
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26
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Ontogeny of cellular organization and LGR5 expression in porcine cochlea revealed using tissue clearing and 3D imaging. iScience 2022; 25:104695. [PMID: 35865132 PMCID: PMC9294204 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 11% of the world's population experience hearing loss. Although there are promising studies to restore hearing in rodent models, the size, ontogeny, genetics, and frequency range of hearing of most rodents' cochlea do not match that of humans. The porcine cochlea can bridge this gap as it shares many anatomical, physiological, and genetic similarities with its human counterpart. Here, we provide a detailed methodology to process and image the porcine cochlea in 3D using tissue clearing and light-sheet microscopy. The resulting 3D images can be employed to compare cochleae across different ages and conditions, investigate the ontogeny of cochlear cytoarchitecture, and produce quantitative expression maps of LGR5, a marker of cochlear progenitors in mice. These data reveal that hair cell organization, inner ear morphology, cellular cartography in the organ of Corti, and spatiotemporal expression of LGR5 are dynamic over developmental stages in a pattern not previously documented.
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27
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Huang J, Sun X, Wang H, Chen R, Yang Y, Hu J, Zhang Y, Gui F, Huang J, Yang L, Hong Y. Conditional overexpression of neuritin in supporting cells (SCs) mitigates hair cell (HC) damage and induces HC regeneration in the adult mouse cochlea after drug-induced ototoxicity. Hear Res 2022; 420:108515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
It is well established that humans and other mammals are minimally regenerative compared with organisms such as zebrafish, salamander or amphibians. In recent years, however, the identification of regenerative potential in neonatal mouse tissues that normally heal poorly in adults has transformed our understanding of regenerative capacity in mammals. In this Review, we survey the mammalian tissues for which regenerative or improved neonatal healing has been established, including the heart, cochlear hair cells, the brain and spinal cord, and dense connective tissues. We also highlight common and/or tissue-specific mechanisms of neonatal regeneration, which involve cells, signaling pathways, extracellular matrix, immune cells and other factors. The identification of such common features across neonatal tissues may direct therapeutic strategies that will be broadly applicable to multiple adult tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice H. Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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29
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Ma X, Zhang S, Qin S, Guo J, Yuan J, Qiang R, Zhou S, Cao W, Yang J, Ma F, Chai R. Transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses explore the potential role of H3K4me3 in neomycin-induced cochlear Lgr5+ progenitor cell regeneration of hair cells. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1030-1044. [DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00727-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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30
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Lee MP, Waldhaus J. In vitro and in vivo models: What have we learnt about inner ear regeneration and treatment for hearing loss? Mol Cell Neurosci 2022; 120:103736. [PMID: 35577314 PMCID: PMC9551661 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2022.103736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The sensory cells of the inner ear, called hair cells, do not regenerate spontaneously and therefore, hair cell loss and subsequent hearing loss are permanent in humans. Conversely, functional hair cell regeneration can be observed in non-mammalian vertebrate species like birds and fish. Also, during postnatal development in mice, limited regenerative capacity and the potential to isolate stem cells were reported. Together, these findings spurred the interest of current research aiming to investigate the endogenous regenerative potential in mammals. In this review, we summarize current in vitro based approaches and briefly introduce different in vivo model organisms utilized to study hair cell regeneration. Furthermore, we present an overview of the findings that were made synergistically using both, the in vitro and in vivo based tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary P Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Joerg Waldhaus
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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31
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Waissbluth S, Maass JC, Sanchez HA, Martínez AD. Supporting Cells and Their Potential Roles in Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:867034. [PMID: 35573297 PMCID: PMC9104564 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.867034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a known ototoxic chemotherapy drug, causing irreversible hearing loss. Evidence has shown that cisplatin causes inner ear damage as a result of adduct formation, a proinflammatory environment and the generation of reactive oxygen species within the inner ear. The main cochlear targets for cisplatin are commonly known to be the outer hair cells, the stria vascularis and the spiral ganglion neurons. Further evidence has shown that certain transporters can mediate cisplatin influx into the inner ear cells including organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) and the copper transporter Ctr1. However, the expression profiles for these transporters within inner ear cells are not consistent in the literature, and expression of OCT2 and Ctr1 has also been observed in supporting cells. Organ of Corti supporting cells are essential for hair cell activity and survival. Special interest has been devoted to gap junction expression by these cells as certain mutations have been linked to hearing loss. Interestingly, cisplatin appears to affect connexin expression in the inner ear. While investigations regarding cisplatin-induced hearing loss have been focused mainly on the known targets previously mentioned, the role of supporting cells for cisplatin-induced ototoxicity has been overlooked. In this mini review, we discuss the implications of supporting cells expressing OCT2 and Ctr1 as well as the potential role of gap junctions in cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Waissbluth
- Department of Otolaryngology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Sofia Waissbluth, ;
| | - Juan Cristóbal Maass
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Helmuth A. Sanchez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Agustín D. Martínez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Chen J, Gao D, Chen J, Hou S, He B, Li Y, Li S, Zhang F, Sun X, Jin Y, Sun L, Yang J. Pseudo-Temporal Analysis of Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Trans-Differentiation Potential of Greater Epithelial Ridge Cells Into Hair Cells During Postnatal Development of Cochlea in Rats. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:832813. [PMID: 35370544 PMCID: PMC8966675 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.832813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The hair cells of the cochlea play a decisive role in the process of hearing damage and recovery, yet knowledge of their regeneration process is still limited. Greater epithelial ridge (GER) cells, a type of cell present during cochlear development that has the characteristics of a precursor sensory cell, disappear at the time of maturation of hearing development. Its development and evolution remain mysterious for many years. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing to profile the gene expression landscapes of rats’ cochlear basal membrane from P1, P7, and P14 and identified eight major subtypes of GER cells. Furthermore, single-cell trajectory analysis for GER cells and hair cells indicated that among the different subtypes of GER, four subtypes had transient cell proliferation after birth and could transdifferentiate into inner and outer hair cells, and two of them mainly transdifferentiated into inner hair cells. The other two subtypes eventually transdifferentiate into outer hair cells. Our study lays the groundwork for elucidating the mechanisms of the key regulatory genes and signaling pathways in the trans-differentiation of GER cell subtypes into hair cells and provides potential clues to understand hair cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dekun Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junmin Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shule Hou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baihui He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuna Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiayu Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulian Jin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yulian Jin,
| | - Lianhua Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Lianhua Sun,
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Ear Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology and Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Jun Yang,
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Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals three sequential phases of gene expression during zebrafish sensory hair cell regeneration. Dev Cell 2022; 57:799-819.e6. [PMID: 35316618 PMCID: PMC9188816 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Loss of sensory hair cells (HCs) in the mammalian inner ear leads to permanent hearing and vestibular defects, whereas loss of HCs in zebrafish results in their regeneration. We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to characterize the transcriptional dynamics of HC regeneration in zebrafish at unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. We uncovered three sequentially activated modules: first, an injury/inflammatory response and downregulation of progenitor cell maintenance genes within minutes after HC loss; second, the transient activation of regeneration-specific genes; and third, a robust re-activation of developmental gene programs, including HC specification, cell-cycle activation, ribosome biogenesis, and a metabolic switch to oxidative phosphorylation. The results are relevant not only for our understanding of HC regeneration and how we might be able to trigger it in mammals but also for regenerative processes in general. The data are searchable and publicly accessible via a web-based interface.
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Deng X, Hu Z. Hearing Recovery Induced by DNA Demethylation in a Chemically Deafened Adult Mouse Model. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:792089. [PMID: 35250483 PMCID: PMC8891629 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.792089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional hair cell regeneration in the adult mammalian inner ear remains challenging. This study aimed to study the function of new hair cells induced by a DNA demethylating agent 5-azacytidine. Adult mice were deafened chemically, followed by injection of 5-azacytidine or vehicle into the inner ear. Functionality of regenerated hair cells was evaluated by expression of hair cell proteins, auditory brainstem response (ABR), and distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) tests for 6 weeks. In the vehicle-treated group, no cells expressed the hair cell-specific protein myosin VIIa in the cochlea, whereas numerous myosin VIIa-expressing cells were found in the 5-azacytidine-treated cochlea, suggesting the regeneration of auditory hair cells. Moreover, regenerated hair cells were co-labeled with functional proteins espin and prestin. Expression of ribbon synapse proteins suggested synapse formation between new hair cells and neurons. In hearing tests, progressive improvements in ABR [5–30 dB sound pressure level (SPL)] and DPOAE (5–20 dB) thresholds were observed in 5-azacytidine-treated mice. In vehicle-treated mice, there were <5 dB threshold changes in hearing tests. This study demonstrated the ability of 5-azacytidine to promote the functional regeneration of auditory hair cells in a mature mouse model via DNA demethylation, which may provide insights into hearing regeneration using an epigenetic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Deng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (HNS), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Zhengqing Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (HNS), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
- John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Zhengqing Hu,
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Langlie J, Finberg A, Bencie NB, Mittal J, Omidian H, Omidi Y, Mittal R, Eshraghi AA. Recent advancements in cell-based models for auditory disorders. BIOIMPACTS 2022; 12:155-169. [PMID: 35411298 PMCID: PMC8905588 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2022.23900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
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Introduction: Cell-based models play an important role in understanding the pathophysiology and etiology of auditory disorders. For the auditory system, models have primarily focused on restoring inner and outer hair cells. However, they have largely underrepresented the surrounding structures and cells that support the function of the hair cells.
Methods: In this article, we will review recent advancements in the evolution of cell-based models of auditory disorders in their progression towards three dimensional (3D) models and organoids that more closely mimic the pathophysiology in vivo.
Results: With the elucidation of the molecular targets and transcription factors required to generate diverse cell lines of the components of inner ear, research is starting to progress from two dimensional (2D) models to a greater 3D approach. Of note, the 3D models of the inner ear, including organoids, are relatively new and emerging in the field. As 3D models of the inner ear continue to evolve in complexity, their role in modeling disease will grow as they bridge the gap between cell culture and in vivo models.
Conclusion: Using 3D cell models to understand the etiology and molecular mechanisms underlying auditory disorders holds great potential for developing more targeted and effective novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake Langlie
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cochlear Implant and Hearing Research Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ariel Finberg
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cochlear Implant and Hearing Research Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Nathalie B. Bencie
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cochlear Implant and Hearing Research Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jeenu Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cochlear Implant and Hearing Research Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Hossein Omidian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Rahul Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cochlear Implant and Hearing Research Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Adrien A. Eshraghi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Cochlear Implant and Hearing Research Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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36
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Li W, Quan Y, Huang M, Wei W, Shu Y, Li H, Chen ZY. A Novel in vitro Model Delineating Hair Cell Regeneration and Neural Reinnervation in Adult Mouse Cochlea. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 14:757831. [PMID: 35082601 PMCID: PMC8785685 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.757831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of an adult mammalian auditory system, such as regeneration, has been hampered by the lack of an in vitro system in which hypotheses can be tested efficiently. This is primarily due to the fact that the adult inner ear is encased in the toughest bone of the body, whereas its removal leads to the death of the sensory epithelium in culture. We hypothesized that we could take advantage of the integral cochlear structure to maintain the overall inner ear architecture and improve sensory epithelium survival in culture. We showed that by culturing adult mouse cochlea with the (surrounding) bone intact, the supporting cells (SCs) survived and almost all hair cells (HCs) degenerated. To evaluate the utility of the explant culture system, we demonstrated that the overexpression of Atoh1, an HC fate-determining factor, is sufficient to induce transdifferentiation of adult SCs to HC-like cells (HCLCs). Transdifferentiation-derived HCLCs resemble developmentally young HCs and are able to attract adult ganglion neurites. Furthermore, using a damage model, we showed that degenerated adult ganglions respond to regenerated HCLCs by directional neurite outgrowth that leads to HCLC-neuron contacts, strongly supporting the intrinsic properties of the HCLCs in establishing HCLC-neuron connections. The adult whole cochlear explant culture is suitable for diverse studies of the adult inner ear including regeneration, HC-neuron pathways, and inner ear drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United States
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhou Quan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mingqian Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Yilai Shu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United States
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huawei Li
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Huawei Li,
| | - Zheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United States
- Zheng-Yi Chen,
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37
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He Z, Ding Y, Mu Y, Xu X, Kong W, Chai R, Chen X. Stem Cell-Based Therapies in Hearing Loss. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:730042. [PMID: 34746126 PMCID: PMC8567027 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.730042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, neural stem cell transplantation has received widespread attention as a new treatment method for supplementing specific cells damaged by disease, such as neurodegenerative diseases. A number of studies have proved that the transplantation of neural stem cells in multiple organs has an important therapeutic effect on activation and regeneration of cells, and restore damaged neurons. This article describes the methods for inducing the differentiation of endogenous and exogenous stem cells, the implantation operation and regulation of exogenous stem cells after implanted into the inner ear, and it elaborates the relevant signal pathways of stem cells in the inner ear, as well as the clinical application of various new materials. At present, stem cell therapy still has limitations, but the role of this technology in the treatment of hearing diseases has been widely recognized. With the development of related research, stem cell therapy will play a greater role in the treatment of diseases related to the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhong He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanyan Ding
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yurong Mu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijia Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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38
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Li G, Yin Y, Zhang Y, Wu J, Sun S. Electrospun regenerated silk fibroin is a promising biomaterial for the maintenance of inner ear progenitors in vitro. J Biomater Appl 2021; 36:1164-1172. [PMID: 34708663 DOI: 10.1177/08853282211051501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the biocompatibility of electrospun regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) mats with inner ear progenitors, especially their effect on the differentiation of inner ear progenitors into hair cells. METHODS Neonatal mouse cochleae (n = 20) were collected and digested and allowed to form spheres over several days. Cells digested from the spheres were then seeded onto aligned or random RSF mats, with laminin-coated coverslips serving as controls. The inner ear progenitor cell mortality was examined by TUNEL labeling, and the adhesion of cells to the RSF mats or coverslip was determined by scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the number of hair cells that differentiated from inner ear progenitors was determined by Myosin7a expression. Unpaired Student's t-tests and one-way ANOVA followed by a Dunnett's multiple comparisons test were used in this study (p < 0.05). RESULTS After 5 days of culture, the inner ear progenitors had good adhesion to both the aligned and random RSF mats and there was no significant difference in TUNEL+ cells between the mats compared to the coverslip (p > 0.05). After 7 days of in vitro differentiation culture, the percentage of differentiated hair cells on the control, aligned, and random RSF mats was 2.5 ± 0.5%, 2.7 ± 0.4%, and 2.4 ± 0.2%, respectively, and there was no significant difference between Myosin7a+ cells on either RSF mat compared to controls (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The aligned and random RSF mats had excellent biocompatibility with inner ear progenitors and helped the inner ear progenitors maintain their stemness. Our results thus indicate that RSF mats represent a useful scaffold for the development of new strategies for inner ear tissue engineering research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfei Li
- 159395ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yanbo Yin
- 159395ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yaopeng Zhang
- 12475State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingfang Wu
- 159395ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shan Sun
- 159395ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
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39
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Smith-Cortinez N, Yadak R, Hendriksen FGJ, Sanders E, Ramekers D, Stokroos RJ, Versnel H, Straatman LV. LGR5-Positive Supporting Cells Survive Ototoxic Trauma in the Adult Mouse Cochlea. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:729625. [PMID: 34675775 PMCID: PMC8523910 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.729625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is mainly caused by irreversible damage to sensory hair cells (HCs). A subgroup of supporting cells (SCs) in the cochlea express leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), a marker for tissue-resident stem cells. LGR5+ SCs could be used as an endogenous source of stem cells for regeneration of HCs to treat hearing loss. Here, we report long-term presence of LGR5+ SCs in the mature adult cochlea and survival of LGR5+ SCs after severe ototoxic trauma characterized by partial loss of inner HCs and complete loss of outer HCs. Surviving LGR5+ SCs (confirmed by GFP expression) were located in the third row of Deiters' cells. We observed a change in the intracellular localization of GFP, from the nucleus in normal-hearing to cytoplasm and membrane in deafened mice. These data suggests that the adult mammalian cochlea possesses properties essential for regeneration even after severe ototoxic trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Smith-Cortinez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rana Yadak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ferry G J Hendriksen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Eefje Sanders
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Dyan Ramekers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Robert J Stokroos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Huib Versnel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Louise V Straatman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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40
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Hu Z, Singh A, Bojrab D, Sim N. Insights into the molecular mechanisms regulating mammalian hair cell regeneration. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 29:400-406. [PMID: 34374666 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To give an overview of recent advances in mammalian auditory hair cell regeneration. RECENT FINDINGS Supporting cells act as progenitors to regenerate hair cells in the prehearing mammalian cochlea but not in the mature cochlea. To overcome this developmental obstacle, manipulation of multiple genes and intracellular pathways has been investigated, which has obtained promising data. This review focuses on recent advances in auditory hair cell regeneration, including synergic gene regulation associated with Atoh1 and Notch signaling, epigenetics, and functional recovery of regenerated hair cells. Co-manipulation of genes critical for hair cell development and cell cycle re-entry, including Atoh1, Isl1, Pou4f3, Gata3, Gfi1, P27kip1, RB, Myc, and Notch-signaling genes, has generated hair cell-like cells in the adult cochlea both in vitro and in vivo. The epigenetic mechanism has been studied in hair cell development and regeneration. Regeneration of hair cell function has a very limited progress, which lacks in-vitro and in-vivo electrophysiology data. SUMMARY Regeneration of adult auditory hair cells remains a major challenge. Manipulation of multiple genes and pathways together with epigenetic regulation might potentially regenerate functional hair cells in the adult mammalian cochlea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqing Hu
- John D. Dingell VA Medical Center
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit
| | - Aditi Singh
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit
| | - Dennis Bojrab
- Michigan Ear Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA
| | - Nathan Sim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit
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41
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Enhancer decommissioning imposes an epigenetic barrier to sensory hair cell regeneration. Dev Cell 2021; 56:2471-2485.e5. [PMID: 34331868 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Adult mammalian tissues such as heart, brain, retina, and the sensory structures of the inner ear do not effectively regenerate, although a latent capacity for regeneration exists at embryonic and perinatal times. We explored the epigenetic basis for this latent regenerative potential in the mouse inner ear and its rapid loss during maturation. In perinatal supporting cells, whose fate is maintained by Notch-mediated lateral inhibition, the hair cell enhancer network is epigenetically primed (H3K4me1) but silenced (active H3K27 de-acetylation and trimethylation). Blocking Notch signaling during the perinatal period of plasticity rapidly eliminates epigenetic silencing and allows supporting cells to transdifferentiate into hair cells. Importantly, H3K4me1 priming of the hair cell enhancers in supporting cells is removed during the first post-natal week, coinciding with the loss of transdifferentiation potential. We hypothesize that enhancer decommissioning during cochlear maturation contributes to the failure of hair cell regeneration in the mature organ of Corti.
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42
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Yang Q, Shi H, Quan Y, Chen Q, Li W, Wang L, Wang Y, Ji Z, Yin SK, Shi HB, Xu H, Gao WQ. Stepwise Induction of Inner Ear Hair Cells From Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts via Mesenchymal- to-Epithelial Transition and Formation of Otic Epithelial Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:672406. [PMID: 34222247 PMCID: PMC8248816 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.672406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells are able to differentiate into inner ear hair cells (HCs), they have drawbacks limiting their clinical application, including a potential risk of tumourigenicity. Direct reprogramming of fibroblasts to inner ear HCs could offer an alternative solution to this problem. Here, we present a stepwise guidance protocol to induce mouse embryonic fibroblasts to differentiate into inner ear HC-like cells (HCLs) via mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition and then acquisition of otic sensory epithelial cell traits by overexpression of three key transcription factors. These induced HCLs express multiple HC-specific proteins, display protrusions reminiscent of ciliary bundle structures, respond to voltage stimulation, form functional mechanotransduction channels, and exhibit a transcriptional profile of HC signature. Together, our work provides a new method to produce functional HCLs in vitro, which may have important implications for studies of HC development, drug discovery, and cell replacement therapy for hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haosong Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhou Quan
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongzhong Ji
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan-Kai Yin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Bo Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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43
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Cortada M, Levano S, Bodmer D. mTOR Signaling in the Inner Ear as Potential Target to Treat Hearing Loss. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126368. [PMID: 34198685 PMCID: PMC8232255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss affects many people worldwide and occurs often as a result of age, ototoxic drugs and/or excessive noise exposure. With a growing number of elderly people, the number of people suffering from hearing loss will also increase in the future. Despite the high number of affected people, for most patients there is no curative therapy for hearing loss and hearing aids or cochlea implants remain the only option. Important treatment approaches for hearing loss include the development of regenerative therapies or the inhibition of cell death/promotion of cell survival pathways. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is a central regulator of cell growth, is involved in cell survival, and has been shown to be implicated in many age-related diseases. In the inner ear, mTOR signaling has also started to gain attention recently. In this review, we will emphasize recent discoveries of mTOR signaling in the inner ear and discuss implications for possible treatments for hearing restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Cortada
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (M.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Soledad Levano
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (M.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Daniel Bodmer
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; (M.C.); (S.L.)
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Basel Hospital, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-61-328-76-03
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44
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Elliott KL, Pavlinkova G, Chizhikov VV, Yamoah EN, Fritzsch B. Neurog1, Neurod1, and Atoh1 are essential for spiral ganglia, cochlear nuclei, and cochlear hair cell development. Fac Rev 2021; 10:47. [PMID: 34131657 PMCID: PMC8170689 DOI: 10.12703/r/10-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We review the molecular basis of three related basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) genes (Neurog1, Neurod1, and Atoh1) and upstream regulators Eya1/Six1, Sox2, Pax2, Gata3, Fgfr2b, Foxg1, and Lmx1a/b during the development of spiral ganglia, cochlear nuclei, and cochlear hair cells. Neuronal development requires early expression of Neurog1, followed by its downstream target Neurod1, which downregulates Atoh1 expression. In contrast, hair cells and cochlear nuclei critically depend on Atoh1 and require Neurod1 and Neurog1 expression for various aspects of development. Several experiments show a partial uncoupling of Atoh1/Neurod1 (spiral ganglia and cochlea) and Atoh1/Neurog1/Neurod1 (cochlear nuclei). In this review, we integrate the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate the development of auditory system and provide novel insights into the restoration of hearing loss, beyond the limited generation of lost sensory neurons and hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Elliott
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Gabriela Pavlinkova
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Victor V Chizhikov
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Ebenezer N Yamoah
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Bernd Fritzsch
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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45
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Elliott KL, Pavlínková G, Chizhikov VV, Yamoah EN, Fritzsch B. Development in the Mammalian Auditory System Depends on Transcription Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084189. [PMID: 33919542 PMCID: PMC8074135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the molecular basis of several transcription factors (Eya1, Sox2), including the three related genes coding basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH; see abbreviations) proteins (Neurog1, Neurod1, Atoh1) during the development of spiral ganglia, cochlear nuclei, and cochlear hair cells. Neuronal development requires Neurog1, followed by its downstream target Neurod1, to cross-regulate Atoh1 expression. In contrast, hair cells and cochlear nuclei critically depend on Atoh1 and require Neurod1 expression for interactions with Atoh1. Upregulation of Atoh1 following Neurod1 loss changes some vestibular neurons’ fate into “hair cells”, highlighting the significant interplay between the bHLH genes. Further work showed that replacing Atoh1 by Neurog1 rescues some hair cells from complete absence observed in Atoh1 null mutants, suggesting that bHLH genes can partially replace one another. The inhibition of Atoh1 by Neurod1 is essential for proper neuronal cell fate, and in the absence of Neurod1, Atoh1 is upregulated, resulting in the formation of “intraganglionic” HCs. Additional genes, such as Eya1/Six1, Sox2, Pax2, Gata3, Fgfr2b, Foxg1, and Lmx1a/b, play a role in the auditory system. Finally, both Lmx1a and Lmx1b genes are essential for the cochlear organ of Corti, spiral ganglion neuron, and cochlear nuclei formation. We integrate the mammalian auditory system development to provide comprehensive insights beyond the limited perception driven by singular investigations of cochlear neurons, cochlear hair cells, and cochlear nuclei. A detailed analysis of gene expression is needed to understand better how upstream regulators facilitate gene interactions and mammalian auditory system development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L. Elliott
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Gabriela Pavlínková
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 25250 Vestec, Czechia;
| | - Victor V. Chizhikov
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Ebenezer N. Yamoah
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA;
| | - Bernd Fritzsch
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Correspondence:
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46
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Abdul-Aziz D, Hathiramani N, Phung L, Sykopetrites V, Edge ASB. HIC1 Represses Atoh1 Transcription and Hair Cell Differentiation in the Cochlea. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:797-809. [PMID: 33770497 PMCID: PMC8072069 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Across species, expression of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor ATOH1 promotes differentiation of cochlear supporting cells to sensory hair cells required for hearing. In mammals, this process is limited to development, whereas nonmammalian vertebrates can also regenerate hair cells after injury. The mechanistic basis for this difference is not fully understood. Hypermethylated in cancer 1 (HIC1) is a transcriptional repressor known to inhibit Atoh1 in the cerebellum. We therefore investigated its potential role in cochlear hair cell differentiation. We find that Hic1 is expressed throughout the postnatal murine cochlear sensory epithelium. In cochlear organoids, Hic1 knockdown induces Atoh1 expression and promotes hair cell differentiation, while Hic1 overexpression hinders differentiation. Wild-type HIC1, but not the DNA-binding mutant C521S, suppresses activity of the Atoh1 autoregulatory enhancer and blocks its responsiveness to β-catenin activation. Our findings reveal the importance of HIC1 repression of Atoh1 in the cochlea, which may be targeted to promote hair cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunia Abdul-Aziz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Eaton Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Lauren Phung
- Eaton Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vittoria Sykopetrites
- Eaton Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA; Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Albert S B Edge
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Eaton Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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47
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Hearing Loss Caused by HCMV Infection through Regulating the Wnt and Notch Signaling Pathways. Viruses 2021; 13:v13040623. [PMID: 33917368 PMCID: PMC8067389 DOI: 10.3390/v13040623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is one of the most prevalent sensory disabilities worldwide with huge social and economic burdens. The leading cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in children is congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Though the implementation of universal screening and early intervention such as antiviral or anti-inflammatory ameliorate the severity of CMV-associated diseases, direct and targeted therapeutics is still seriously lacking. The major hurdle for it is that the mechanism of CMV induced SNHL has not yet been well understood. In this review, we focus on the impact of CMV infection on the key players in inner ear development including the Wnt and Notch signaling pathways. Investigations on these interactions may gain new insights into viral pathogenesis and reveal novel targets for therapy.
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48
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Gao J, Fan L, Zhao L, Su Y. The interaction of Notch and Wnt signaling pathways in vertebrate regeneration. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 10:11. [PMID: 33791915 PMCID: PMC8012441 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-020-00072-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration is an evolutionarily conserved process in animal kingdoms, however, the regenerative capacities differ from species and organ/tissues. Mammals possess very limited regenerative potential to replace damaged organs, whereas non-mammalian species usually have impressive abilities to regenerate organs. The regeneration process requires proper spatiotemporal regulation from key signaling pathways. The canonical Notch and Wnt signaling pathways, two fundamental signals guiding animal development, have been demonstrated to play significant roles in the regeneration of vertebrates. In recent years, increasing evidence has implicated the cross-talking between Notch and Wnt signals during organ regeneration. In this review, we summarize the roles of Notch signaling and Wnt signaling during several representative organ regenerative events, emphasizing the functions and molecular bases of their interplay in these processes, shedding light on utilizing these two signaling pathways to enhance regeneration in mammals and design legitimate therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Gao
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.,College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Lixia Fan
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.,College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Long Zhao
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China. .,College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.
| | - Ying Su
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China. .,College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.
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49
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Chen Y, Gu Y, Li Y, Li GL, Chai R, Li W, Li H. Generation of mature and functional hair cells by co-expression of Gfi1, Pou4f3, and Atoh1 in the postnatal mouse cochlea. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109016. [PMID: 33882317 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian cochlea cannot regenerate functional hair cells (HCs) spontaneously. Atoh1 overexpression as well as other strategies are unable to generate functional HCs. Here, we simultaneously upregulated the expression of Gfi1, Pou4f3, and Atoh1 in postnatal cochlear supporting cells (SCs) in vivo, which efficiently converted SCs into HCs. The newly regenerated HCs expressed HC markers Myo7a, Calbindin, Parvalbumin, and Ctbp2 and were innervated by neurites. Importantly, many new HCs expressed the mature and terminal marker Prestin or vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (vGlut3), depending on the subtypes of the source SCs. Finally, our patch-clamp analysis showed that the new HCs in the medial region acquired a large K+ current, fired spikes transiently, and exhibited signature refinement of ribbon synapse functions, in close resemblance to native wild-type inner HCs. We demonstrated that co-upregulating Gfi1, Pou4f3, and Atoh1 enhances the efficiency of HC generation and promotes the functional maturation of new HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yuyan Gu
- ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yige Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Geng-Lin Li
- ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenyan Li
- ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Huawei Li
- ENT institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China; The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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50
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Fernández-Hernández I, Marsh EB, Bonaguidi MA. Mechanosensory neuron regeneration in adult Drosophila. Development 2021; 148:dev.187534. [PMID: 33597190 DOI: 10.1242/dev.187534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Auditory and vestibular mechanosensory hair cells do not regenerate following injury or aging in the adult mammalian inner ear, inducing irreversible hearing loss and balance disorders for millions of people. Research on model systems showing replacement of mechanosensory cells can provide mechanistic insights into developing new regenerative therapies. Here, we developed lineage tracing systems to reveal the generation of mechanosensory neurons in the Johnston's organ (JO) of intact adult Drosophila, which are the functional counterparts to hair cells in vertebrates. New JO neurons develop cilia and target central brain circuitry. Unexpectedly, mitotic recombination clones point to JO neuron self-replication as a likely source of neuronal plasticity. This mechanism is further enhanced upon treatment with experimental and ototoxic compounds. Our findings introduce a new platform to expedite research on mechanisms and compounds mediating mechanosensory cell regeneration, with nascent implications for hearing and balance restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Fernández-Hernández
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Evan B Marsh
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Michael A Bonaguidi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.,Department of Gerontology, Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.,Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
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