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Bala IA, Nicolescu A, Georgescu F, Dumitrascu F, Airinei A, Tigoianu R, Georgescu E, Constantinescu-Aruxandei D, Oancea F, Deleanu C. Synthesis and Biological Properties of Fluorescent Strigolactone Mimics Derived from 1,8-Naphthalimide. Molecules 2024; 29:2283. [PMID: 38792143 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) have potential to be used in sustainable agriculture to mitigate various stresses that plants have to deal with. The natural SLs, as well as the synthetic analogs, are difficult to obtain in sufficient amounts for practical applications. At the same time, fluorescent SLs would be useful for the mechanistic understanding of their effects based on bio-imaging or spectroscopic techniques. In this study, new fluorescent SL mimics containing a substituted 1,8-naphthalimide ring system connected through an ether link to a bioactive furan-2-one moiety were prepared. The structural, spectroscopic, and biological activity of the new SL mimics on phytopathogens were investigated and compared with previously synthetized fluorescent SL mimics. The chemical group at the C-6 position of the naphthalimide ring influences the fluorescence parameters. All SL mimics showed effects similar to GR24 on phytopathogens, indicating their suitability for practical applications. The pattern of the biological activity depended on the fungal species, SL mimic and concentration, and hyphal order. This dependence is probably related to the specificity of each fungal receptor-SL mimic interaction, which will have to be analyzed in-depth. Based on the biological properties and spectroscopic particularities, one SL mimic could be a good candidate for microscopic and spectroscopic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana-Alexandra Bala
- Bioproducts Team, Bioresources Department, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței Nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Bd. Mărăști Nr. 59, Sector 1, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina Nicolescu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda Nr. 41-A, 700487 Iaşi, Romania
- "Costin D. Nenițescu" Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei Nr. 202B, Sector 6, 060023 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Florea Dumitrascu
- "Costin D. Nenițescu" Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei Nr. 202B, Sector 6, 060023 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anton Airinei
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda Nr. 41-A, 700487 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Radu Tigoianu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda Nr. 41-A, 700487 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Emilian Georgescu
- Research Center Oltchim, St. Uzinei 1, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
| | - Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei
- Bioproducts Team, Bioresources Department, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței Nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florin Oancea
- Bioproducts Team, Bioresources Department, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry-ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței Nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Bd. Mărăști Nr. 59, Sector 1, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Calin Deleanu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda Nr. 41-A, 700487 Iaşi, Romania
- "Costin D. Nenițescu" Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei Nr. 202B, Sector 6, 060023 Bucharest, Romania
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Wang K, Li J, Fan Y, Yang J. Temperature Effect on Rhizome Development in Perennial rice. Rice (N Y) 2024; 17:32. [PMID: 38717687 PMCID: PMC11078906 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-024-00710-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Traditional agriculture is becoming increasingly not adapted to global climate change. Compared with annual rice, perennial rice has strong environmental adaptation and needs fewer natural resources and labor inputs. Rhizome, a kind of underground stem for rice to achieve perenniallity, can grow underground horizontally and then bend upward, developing into aerial stems. The temperature has a great influence on plant development. To date, the effect of temperature on rhizome development is still unknown. Fine temperature treatment of Oryza longistaminata (OL) proved that compared with higher temperatures (28-30 ℃), lower temperature (17-19 ℃) could promote the sprouting of axillary buds and enhance negative gravitropism of branches, resulting in shorter rhizomes. The upward growth of branches was earlier at low temperature than that at high temperature, leading to a high frequency of shorter rhizomes and smaller branch angles. Comparative transcriptome showed that plant hormones played an essential role in the response of OL to temperature. The expressions of ARF17, ARF25 and FucT were up-regulated at low temperature, resulting in prospectively asymmetric auxin distribution, which subsequently induced asymmetric expression of IAA20 and WOX11 between the upper and lower side of the rhizome, further leading to upward growth of the rhizome. Cytokinin and auxin are phytohormones that can promote and inhibit bud outgrowth, respectively. The auxin biosynthesis gene YUCCA1 and cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase gene CKX4 and CKX9 were up-regulated, while cytokinin biosynthesis gene IPT4 was down-regulated at high temperature. Moreover, the D3 and D14 in strigolactones pathways, negatively regulating bud outgrowth, were up-regulated at high temperature. These results indicated that cytokinin, auxins, and strigolactones jointly control bud outgrowth at different temperatures. Our research revealed that the outgrowth of axillary bud and the upward growth of OL rhizome were earlier at lower temperature, providing clues for understanding the rhizome growth habit under different temperatures, which would be helpful for cultivating perennial rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yourong Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
| | - Jiangyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Di X, Wang Q, Zhang F, Feng H, Wang X, Cai C. Advances in the Modulation of Potato Tuber Dormancy and Sprouting. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5078. [PMID: 38791120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The post-harvest phase of potato tuber dormancy and sprouting are essential in determining the economic value. The intricate transition from dormancy to active growth is influenced by multiple factors, including environmental factors, carbohydrate metabolism, and hormonal regulation. Well-established environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and light play pivotal roles in these processes. However, recent research has expanded our understanding to encompass other novel influences such as magnetic fields, cold plasma treatment, and UV-C irradiation. Hormones like abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA), cytokinins (CK), auxin, and ethylene (ETH) act as crucial messengers, while brassinosteroids (BRs) have emerged as key modulators of potato tuber sprouting. In addition, jasmonates (JAs), strigolactones (SLs), and salicylic acid (SA) also regulate potato dormancy and sprouting. This review article delves into the intricate study of potato dormancy and sprouting, emphasizing the impact of environmental conditions, carbohydrate metabolism, and hormonal regulation. It explores how various environmental factors affect dormancy and sprouting processes. Additionally, it highlights the role of carbohydrates in potato tuber sprouting and the intricate hormonal interplay, particularly the role of BRs. This review underscores the complexity of these interactions and their importance in optimizing potato dormancy and sprouting for agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueni Di
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haojie Feng
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiyao Wang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chengcheng Cai
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Guillory A, Lopez-Obando M, Bouchenine K, Le Bris P, Lécureuil A, Pillot JP, Steinmetz V, Boyer FD, Rameau C, de Saint Germain A, Bonhomme S. SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1-LIKE (SMXL) homologs are MAX2-dependent repressors of Physcomitrium patens growth. Plant Cell 2024; 36:1655-1672. [PMID: 38242840 PMCID: PMC11062456 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 (SMAX)1-LIKE (SMXL) proteins are a plant-specific clade of type I HSP100/Clp-ATPases. SMXL genes are present in virtually all land plant genomes. However, they have mainly been studied in angiosperms. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), 3 functional SMXL subclades have been identified: SMAX1/SMXL2, SMXL345, and SMXL678. Of these, 2 subclades ensure endogenous phytohormone signal transduction. SMAX1/SMXL2 proteins are involved in KAI2 ligand (KL) signaling, while SMXL678 proteins are involved in strigolactone (SL) signaling. Many questions remain regarding the mode of action of these proteins, as well as their ancestral roles. We addressed these questions by investigating the functions of the 4 SMXL genes in the moss Physcomitrium patens. We demonstrate that PpSMXL proteins are involved in the conserved ancestral MAX2-dependent KL signaling pathway and negatively regulate growth. However, PpSMXL proteins expressed in Arabidopsis cannot replace SMAX1 or SMXL2 function in KL signaling, whereas they can functionally replace SMXL4 and SMXL5 and restore root growth. Therefore, the molecular functions of SMXL proteins are conserved, but their interaction networks are not. Moreover, the PpSMXLC/D clade positively regulates SL signal transduction in P. patens. Overall, our data reveal that SMXL proteins in moss mediate crosstalk between the SL and KL signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambre Guillory
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
- LIPME, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan 31326, France
| | - Mauricio Lopez-Obando
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes (IBMP), CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Khalissa Bouchenine
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Philippe Le Bris
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Alain Lécureuil
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Jean-Paul Pillot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Vincent Steinmetz
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - François-Didier Boyer
- CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Catherine Rameau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Alexandre de Saint Germain
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Sandrine Bonhomme
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
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Yang SY, Lin WY, Hsiao YM, Chiou TJ. Milestones in understanding transport, sensing, and signaling of the plant nutrient phosphorus. Plant Cell 2024; 36:1504-1523. [PMID: 38163641 PMCID: PMC11062440 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
As an essential nutrient element, phosphorus (P) is primarily acquired and translocated as inorganic phosphate (Pi) by plant roots. Pi is often sequestered in the soil and becomes limited for plant growth. Plants have developed a sophisticated array of adaptive responses, termed P starvation responses, to cope with P deficiency by improving its external acquisition and internal utilization. Over the past 2 to 3 decades, remarkable progress has been made toward understanding how plants sense and respond to changing environmental P. This review provides an overview of the molecular mechanisms that regulate or coordinate P starvation responses, emphasizing P transport, sensing, and signaling. We present the major players and regulators responsible for Pi uptake and translocation. We then introduce how P is perceived at the root tip, how systemic P signaling is operated, and the mechanisms by which the intracellular P status is sensed and conveyed. Additionally, the recent exciting findings about the influence of P on plant-microbe interactions are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and prospects concerning the interplay between P and other nutrients and strategies to enhance P utilization efficiency are discussed. Insights obtained from this knowledge may guide future research endeavors in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yi Yang
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yi Lin
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Min Hsiao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Jen Chiou
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
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Puga MI, Poza-Carrión C, Martinez-Hevia I, Perez-Liens L, Paz-Ares J. Recent advances in research on phosphate starvation signaling in plants. J Plant Res 2024; 137:315-330. [PMID: 38668956 PMCID: PMC11081996 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-024-01545-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus is indispensable for plant growth and development, with its status crucial for determining crop productivity. Plants have evolved various biochemical, morphological, and developmental responses to thrive under conditions of low P availability, as inorganic phosphate (Pi), the primary form of P uptake, is often insoluble in soils. Over the past 25 years, extensive research has focused on understanding these responses, collectively forming the Pi starvation response system. This effort has not only expanded our knowledge of strategies to cope with Pi starvation (PS) but also confirmed their adaptive significance. Moreover, it has identified and characterized numerous components of the intricate regulatory network governing P homeostasis. This review emphasizes recent advances in PS signaling, particularly highlighting the physiological importance of local PS signaling in inhibiting primary root growth and uncovering the role of TORC1 signaling in this process. Additionally, advancements in understanding shoot-root Pi allocation and a novel technique for studying Pi distribution in plants are discussed. Furthermore, emerging data on the regulation of plant-microorganism interactions by the PS regulatory system, crosstalk between the signaling pathways of phosphate starvation, phytohormones and immunity, and recent studies on natural variation in Pi homeostasis are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Puga
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia-CSIC Campus Universidad Autonoma, Darwin 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - César Poza-Carrión
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia-CSIC Campus Universidad Autonoma, Darwin 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Iris Martinez-Hevia
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia-CSIC Campus Universidad Autonoma, Darwin 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Laura Perez-Liens
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia-CSIC Campus Universidad Autonoma, Darwin 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Javier Paz-Ares
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia-CSIC Campus Universidad Autonoma, Darwin 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain.
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Xu S, Tao L, Wang J, Zhang X, Huang Z. Rapid in-situ aerobic biodegradation of high salt and oily food waste employing constructed synthetic microbiome. Eng Life Sci 2024; 24:2200067. [PMID: 38708412 PMCID: PMC11065329 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202200067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The high salt content of food waste (FW) severely limits microbial physiological activity and reduces its biodegradability. In this study, a salt-tolerant thermophilic bacterial agent that consists of four different substrate degradation functional strains was evaluated for efficient high salt and oily FW in solid-state aerobic biodegradation disposers. The phy-chemical properties, enzyme activities, microbial community structure, and function during the biodegradation process were evaluated under high salt (5%) stress. The results showed that the agent promoted the degradation rate, increased the matrix temperature, decreased the moisture content (MC), and enhanced enzyme activities without putrid smell. High-throughput sequencing indicated community structure succession between different groups and the positive contribution of the inoculated functional strains. During the FW biodegradation process, the Bacillus sp. inoculated was the dominant genus in the agent group. Furthermore, CCA further confirmed the positive effects of the four inoculated strains on high salt and oily FW aerobic biodegradation. Functional prediction and metabolite results both confirmed that the agent was more efficient in carbon, amino acid, and lipid metabolism, which demonstrated that the synthetic microbial consortium holds a potential advantage for efficiency and subsequent resource utilization for organic fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Xu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic BiologyTianjinChina
| | - Lidan Tao
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic BiologyTianjinChina
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic BiologyTianjinChina
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic BiologyTianjinChina
| | - Zhiyong Huang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjinChina
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic BiologyTianjinChina
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Tang Z, Huang X, Huang K. Strigolactones affect the yield of Tartary buckwheat by regulating endogenous hormone levels. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:320. [PMID: 38654155 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a newly class of endogenous phytohormones, strigolactones (SLs) regulate crop growth and yield formation by interacting with other hormones. However, the physiological mechanism of SLs affect the yield by regulating the balance of endogenous hormones of Tartary buckwheat is still unclear. RESULTS In this study, a 2-year field experiment was conducted on Tartary buckwheat (Jinqiao 2) to study the effects of different concentrations (0, 10, and 20 µmol/L) of artificial synthetic analogs of SLs (rac-GR24) and inhibitor of SL synthesis (Tis-108) on the growth, endogenous-hormone content, and yield of Tartary buckwheat. The main-stem branch number, grain number per plant, grain weight per plant, and yield of Tartary buckwheat continuously decreased with increased rac-GR24 concentration, whereas the main-stem diameter and plant height initially increased and then decreased. Rac-GR24 treatment significantly increased the content of SLs and abscisic acid (ABA) in grains, and it decreased the content of Zeatin (Z) + Zeatin nucleoside (ZR). Conversely, Tis-108 treatment decreased the content of SLs and ABA but increased the content of Z + ZR. Results of correlation analysis showed that the content of ABA and SLs, the ratio of SLs/(Z + ZR), SLs/ABA, and ABA/(Z + ZR) were significantly negatively correlated with the yield of Tartary buckwheat, and that Z + ZR content was significantly positively correlated with the yield. Regression analysis further showed that ABA/ (Z + ZR) can explain 58.4% of the variation in yield. CONCLUSIONS In summary, by adjusting the level of endogenous SLs in Tartary buckwheat, the balance of endogenous hormones in grains can be changed, thereby exerting the effect on yield. The results can provide a new agronomic method for the high-yield cultivation of Tartary buckwheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuolei Tang
- School of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- School of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Kaifeng Huang
- School of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550001, China.
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Awan MJA, Farooq MA, Naqvi RZ, Karamat U, Bukhari SAR, Waqas MAB, Mahmood MA, Buzdar MI, Rasheed A, Amin I, Saeed NA, Mansoor S. Deciphering the differential expression patterns of yield-related negative regulators in hexaploid wheat cultivars and hybrids at different growth stages. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:537. [PMID: 38642174 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hexaploid bread wheat underwent a series of polyploidization events through interspecific hybridizations that conferred adaptive plasticity and resulted in duplication and neofunctionalization of major agronomic genes. The genetic architecture of polyploid wheat not only confers adaptive plasticity but also offers huge genetic diversity. However, the contribution of different gene copies (homeologs) encoded from different subgenomes (A, B, D) at different growth stages remained unexplored. METHODS In this study, hybrid of elite cultivars of wheat were developed via reciprocal crosses (cytoplasm swapping) and phenotypically evaluated. We assessed differential expression profiles of yield-related negative regulators in these cultivars and their F1 hybrids and identified various cis-regulatory signatures by employing bioinformatics tools. Furthermore, the preferential expression patterns of the syntenic triads encoded from A, B, and D subgenomes were assessed to decipher their functional redundancy at six different growth stages. RESULTS Hybrid progenies showed better heterosis such as up to 17% increase in the average number of grains and up to 50% increase in average thousand grains weight as compared to mid-parents. Based on the expression profiling, our results indicated significant dynamic transcriptional expression patterns, portraying the different homeolog-dominance at the same stage in the different cultivars and their hybrids. Albeit belonging to same syntenic triads, a dynamic trend was observed in the regulatory signatures of these genes that might be influencing their expression profiles. CONCLUSION These findings can substantially contribute and provide insights for the selective introduction of better cultivars into traditional and hybrid breeding programs which can be harnessed for the improvement of future wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jawad Akbar Awan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Awais Farooq
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Rubab Zahra Naqvi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Umer Karamat
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sayyad Ali Raza Bukhari
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abu Bakar Waqas
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arslan Mahmood
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ismail Buzdar
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Awais Rasheed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) & CIMMYT-China office, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Imran Amin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasir A Saeed
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Mansoor
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
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10
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Homma M, Uchida K, Wakabayashi T, Mizutani M, Takikawa H, Sugimoto Y. 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases and BAHD acyltransferases drive the structural diversification of orobanchol in Fabaceae plants. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1392212. [PMID: 38699535 PMCID: PMC11063326 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1392212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs), a class of plant apocarotenoids, serve dual roles as rhizosphere-signaling molecules and plant hormones. Orobanchol, a major naturally occurring SL, along with its various derivatives, has been detected in the root exudates of plants of the Fabaceae family. Medicaol, fabacyl acetate, and orobanchyl acetate were identified in the root exudates of barrel medic (Medicago truncatula), pea (Pisum sativum), and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), respectively. Although the biosynthetic pathway leading to orobanchol production has been elucidated, the biosynthetic pathways of the orobanchol derivatives have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we report the identification of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (DOXs) and BAHD acyltransferases responsible for converting orobanchol to these derivatives in Fabaceae plants. First, the metabolic pathways downstream of orobanchol were analyzed using substrate feeding experiments. Prohexadione, an inhibitor of DOX inhibits the conversion of orobanchol to medicaol in barrel medic. The DOX inhibitor also reduced the formation of fabacyl acetate and fabacol, a precursor of fabacyl acetate, in pea. Subsequently, we utilized a dataset based on comparative transcriptome analysis to select a candidate gene encoding DOX for medicaol synthase in barrel medic. Recombinant proteins of the gene converted orobanchol to medicaol. The candidate genes encoding DOX and BAHD acyltransferase for fabacol synthase and fabacol acetyltransferase, respectively, were selected by co-expression analysis in pea. The recombinant proteins of the candidate genes converted orobanchol to fabacol and acetylated fabacol. Furthermore, fabacol acetyltransferase and its homolog in cowpea acetylated orobanchol. The kinetics and substrate specificity analyses revealed high affinity and strict recognition of the substrates of the identified enzymes. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the structural diversity of SLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Homma
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kiyono Uchida
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Wakabayashi
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Mizutani
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hirosato Takikawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Sugimoto
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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11
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Du L, Li X, Ding Y, Ma D, Yu C, Duan L. Design, Synthesis, and Bioactivities of N-Heterocyclic Ureas as Strigolactone Response Antagonists against Parasitic-Weed Seed Germination. J Agric Food Chem 2024. [PMID: 38593208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The pernicious parasitism exhibited by root parasitic weeds such as Orobanche and Striga poses substantial peril to agricultural productivity and global food security. This deleterious phenomenon hinges upon the targeted induction of the signaling molecule strigolactones (SLs). Consequently, the identification of prospective SL antagonists holds significant promise in the realm of mitigating the infection of these pernicious weeds. In this study, we synthesized and characterized D12 based on a potent SL antagonist KK094. In vivo assay results demonstrated that D12 remarkably impedes the germination of Phelipanche aegyptiaca and Striga asiatica seeds, while also alleviating the inhibitory consequence of the SL analogue GR24 on hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. The docking study and ITC assay indicated that D12 can interact strongly with the SL receptor protein, which may interfere with the binding of SL to the receptor protein as a result. In addition, the results of crop safety assessment tests showed that D12 had no adverse effects on rice seed germination and seedling growth and development. The outcomes obtained from the present study suggested that D12 exhibited promise as a prospective antagonist of SL receptors, thereby displaying substantial efficacy in impeding the seed germination process of root parasitic weeds, providing a promising basis for rational design and development of further Striga-specific herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience & Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, MOE, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xingjia Li
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yimin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience & Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, MOE, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dengke Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience & Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, MOE, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chunxin Yu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Liusheng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience & Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, MOE, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
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12
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Du L, Li X, Ding Y, Ma D, Yu C, Zhao H, Wang Y, Liu Z, Duan L. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Phenyl-Substituted Naphthoic Acid Ethyl Ester Derivatives as Strigolactone Receptor Inhibitor. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3902. [PMID: 38612714 PMCID: PMC11012203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are plant hormones that regulate several key agronomic traits, including shoot branching, leaf senescence, and stress tolerance. The artificial regulation of SL biosynthesis and signaling has been considered as a potent strategy in regulating plant architecture and combatting the infection of parasitic weeds to help improve crop yield. DL1b is a previously reported SL receptor inhibitor molecule that significantly promotes shoot branching. Here, we synthesized 18 novel compounds based on the structure of DL1b. We performed rice tillering activity assay and selected a novel small molecule, C6, as a candidate SL receptor inhibitor. In vitro bioassays demonstrated that C6 possesses various regulatory functions as an SL inhibitor, including inhibiting germination of the root parasitic seeds Phelipanche aegyptiaca, delaying leaf senescence and promoting hypocotyl elongation of Arabidopsis. ITC analysis and molecular docking experiments further confirmed that C6 can interact with SL receptor proteins, thereby interfering with the binding of SL to its receptor. Therefore, C6 is considered a novel SL receptor inhibitor with potential applications in plant architecture control and prevention of root parasitic weed infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (Y.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Xingjia Li
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (X.L.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yimin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (Y.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Dengke Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (Y.D.); (D.M.)
| | - Chunxin Yu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (X.L.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Hanqing Zhao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (X.L.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Ye Wang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (X.L.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Ziyan Liu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (X.L.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Liusheng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (Y.D.); (D.M.)
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (X.L.); (C.Y.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.L.)
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13
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Zhu Q, Lu YC, Xiong JL, Yang YH, Yang JL, Yang SC, Zhang GH, Sha BC, He SM. Development of a stable genetic transformation system in Erigeron breviscapus: a case study with EbYUC2 in relation to leaf number and flowering time. Planta 2024; 259:98. [PMID: 38522041 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04351-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION A stable genetic transformation system for Erigeron breviscapus was developed. We cloned the EbYUC2 gene and genetically transformed it into Arabidopsis thaliana and E. breviscapus. The leaf number, YUC2 gene expression, and the endogenous auxin content in transgenic plants were significantly increased. Erigeron breviscapus is a prescription drug for the clinical treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The rosette leaves have the highest content of the major active compound scutellarin and are an important component in the yield of E. breviscapus. However, little is known about the genes related to the leaf number and flowering time of E. breviscapus. In our previous study, we identified three candidate genes related to the leaf number and flowering of E. breviscapus by combining resequencing data and genome-wide association study (GWAS). However, their specific functions remain to be characterized. In this study, we cloned and transformed the previously identified full-length EbYUC2 gene into Arabidopsis thaliana, developed the first stable genetic transformation system for E. breviscapus, and obtained the transgenic plants overexpressing EbYUC2. Compared with wild-type plants, the transgenic plants showed a significant increase in the number of leaves, which was correlated with the increased expression of EbYUC2. Consistently, the endogenous auxin content, particularly indole-3-acetic acid, in transgenic plants was also significantly increased. These results suggest that EbYUC2 may control the leaf number by regulating auxin biosynthesis, thereby laying a foundation for revealing the molecular mechanism governing the leaf number and flowering time of E. breviscapus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center On Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ying-Chun Lu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center On Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jing-Lei Xiong
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center On Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yun-Hui Yang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center On Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jian-Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Sheng-Chao Yang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center On Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Guang-Hui Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center On Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ben-Cai Sha
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center On Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Si-Mei He
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center On Gemplasm Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
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14
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Wang JY, Chen GTE, Braguy J, Al-Babili S. Distinguishing the functions of canonical strigolactones as rhizospheric signals. Trends Plant Sci 2024:S1360-1385(24)00055-4. [PMID: 38521698 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) act as regulators of plant architecture as well as signals in rhizospheric communications. Reduced availability of minerals, particularly phosphorus, leads to an increase in the formation and release of SLs that enable adaptation of root and shoot architecture to nutrient limitation and, simultaneously, attract arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for establishing beneficial symbiosis. Based on their chemical structure, SLs are designated as either canonical or non-canonical; however, the question of whether the two classes are also distinguished in their biological functions remained largely elusive until recently. In this review we summarize the latest advances in SL biosynthesis and highlight new findings pointing to rhizospheric signaling as the major function of canonical SLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian You Wang
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Guan-Ting Erica Chen
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; The Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Justine Braguy
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; The Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Al-Babili
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; The Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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15
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Ku W, Su Y, Peng X, Wang R, Li H, Xiao L. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Inhibitory Roles of Strigolactone in Axillary Bud Outgrowth in Ratoon Rice. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:899. [PMID: 38592943 PMCID: PMC10975295 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Axillary bud outgrowth, a key factor in ratoon rice yield formation, is regulated by several phytohormone signals. The regulatory mechanism of key genes underlying ratoon buds in response to phytohormones in ratoon rice has been less reported. In this study, GR24 (a strigolactone analogue) was used to analyze the ratooning characteristics in rice cultivar Huanghuazhan (HHZ). Results show that the elongation of the axillary buds in the first seasonal rice was significantly inhibited and the ratoon rate was reduced at most by up to 40% with GR24 treatment. Compared with the control, a significant reduction in the content of auxin and cytokinin in the second bud from the upper spike could be detected after GR24 treatment, especially 3 days after treatment. Transcriptome analysis suggested that there were at least 742 and 2877 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) within 6 h of GR24 treatment and 12 h of GR24 treatment, respectively. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed that GR24 treatment had a significant effect on the homeostasis and signal transduction of cytokinin and auxin. It is noteworthy that the gene expression levels of OsCKX1, OsCKX2, OsGH3.6, and OsGH3.8, which are involved in cytokinin or auxin metabolism, were enhanced by the 12 h GR24 treatment. Taken overall, this study showed the gene regulatory network of auxin and cytokinin homeostasis to be regulated by strigolactone in the axillary bud outgrowth of ratoon rice, which highlights the importance of these biological pathways in the regulation of axillary bud outgrowth in ratoon rice and would provide theoretical support for the molecular breeding of ratoon rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Ku
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.K.); (Y.S.); (X.P.); (R.W.)
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Dark Tea and Jin-Hua, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413000, China
| | - Yi Su
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.K.); (Y.S.); (X.P.); (R.W.)
| | - Xiaoyun Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.K.); (Y.S.); (X.P.); (R.W.)
- Hunan Provincial Key Lab of Dark Tea and Jin-Hua, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413000, China
| | - Ruozhong Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.K.); (Y.S.); (X.P.); (R.W.)
| | - Haiou Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.K.); (Y.S.); (X.P.); (R.W.)
| | - Langtao Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (W.K.); (Y.S.); (X.P.); (R.W.)
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16
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Liu Y, Xin W, Chen L, Liu Y, Wang X, Ma C, Zhai L, Feng Y, Gao J, Zhang W. Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Effective Tillers in Rice under Different Nitrogen Gradients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2969. [PMID: 38474217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen is a crucial element that impacts rice yields, and effective tillering is a significant agronomic characteristic that can influence rice yields. The way that reduced nitrogen affects effective tillering is a complex quantitative trait that is controlled by multiple genes, and its genetic basis requires further exploration. In this study, 469 germplasm varieties were used for a genome-wide association analysis aiming to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with effective tillering at low (60 kg/hm2) and high (180 kg/hm2) nitrogen levels. QTLs detected over multiple years or under different treatments were scrutinized in this study, and candidate genes were identified through haplotype analysis and spatio-temporal expression patterns. A total of seven genes (NAL1, OsCKX9, Os01g0690800, Os02g0550300, Os02g0550700, Os04g0615700, and Os04g06163000) were pinpointed in these QTL regions, and were considered the most likely candidate genes. These results provide favorable information for the use of auxiliary marker selection in controlling effective tillering in rice for improved yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhuo Liu
- College of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Wei Xin
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Liqiang Chen
- College of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- College of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- College of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Laiyuan Zhai
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Yingying Feng
- College of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jiping Gao
- College of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Wenzhong Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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17
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Liu C, Jiang X, Liu S, Liu Y, Li H, Wang Z, Kan J, Yang Q, Li X. Comprehensive Evolutionary Analysis of the SMXL Gene Family in Rosaceae: Further Insights into Its Origin, Expansion, Diversification, and Role in Regulating Pear Branching. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2971. [PMID: 38474218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
SMXL genes constitute a conserved gene family that is ubiquitous in angiosperms and involved in regulating various plant processes, including branching, leaf elongation, and anthocyanin biosynthesis, but little is known about their molecular functions in pear branching. Here, we performed genome-wide identification and investigation of the SMXL genes in 16 angiosperms and analyzed their phylogenetics, structural features, conserved motifs, and expression patterns. In total, 121 SMXLs genes were identified and were classified into four groups. The number of non-redundant SMXL genes in each species varied from 3 (Amborella trichopoda Baill.) to 18 (Glycine max Merr.) and revealed clear gene expansion events over evolutionary history. All the SMXL genes showed conserved structures, containing no more than two introns. Three-dimensional protein structure prediction revealed distinct structures between but similar structures within groups. A quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed different expressions of 10 SMXL genes from pear branching induced by fruit-thinning treatment. Overall, our study provides a comprehensive investigation of SMXL genes in the Rosaceae family, especially pear. The results offer a reference for understanding the evolutionary history of SMXL genes and provide excellent candidates for studying fruit tree branching regulation, and in facilitating pear pruning and planting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xianda Jiang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Susha Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yilong Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jialiang Kan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Qingsong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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18
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Yao X, Li R, Liu Y, Song P, Wu Z, Yan M, Luo J, Fan F, Wang Y. Feedback regulation of the isoprenoid pathway by SsdTPS overexpression has the potential to enhance plant tolerance to drought stress. Physiol Plant 2024; 176:e14277. [PMID: 38566271 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In order to maintain the dynamic physiological balance, plants are compelled to adjust their energy metabolism and signal transduction to cope with the abiotic stresses caused by complex and changeable environments. The diterpenoid natural compound and secondary metabolites, sclareol, derived from Salvia sclarea, has gained significant attention owing to its economic value as a spice material and diverse physiological activities. Here, we focused on the roles and regulatory mechanisms of the sclareol diterpene synthase gene SsdTPS in the resistance of S. sclarea to abiotic stresses. Our results suggested that abiotic stresses could induce the response and upregulation of SsdTPS expression and isoprenoid pathway in S. sclarea. Ectopic expression of SsdTPS conferred drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis, compared with wild-type. Overexpression of SsdTPS enhanced the transcription of ABA signal transduction synthetic regulators and induced the positive feedback upregulating key regulatory genes in the MEP pathway, thereby promoting the increase of ABA content and improving drought tolerance in transgenic plants. In addition, SsdTPS-overexpressed transgenic Arabidopsis improved the responses of stomatal regulatory genes and ROS scavenging enzyme activities and gene expression to drought stress. This promoted the stomatal closure and ROS reduction, thus enhancing water retention capacity and reducing oxidative stress damage. These findings unveil the potentially positive role of SsdTPS in orchestrating multiple regulatory mechanisms and maintaining homeostasis for improved abiotic stress resistance in S. sclarea, providing a novel insight into strategies for promoting drought resistance and cultivating highly tolerant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shannxi Province, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Northwest University, China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shannxi Province, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Northwest University, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shannxi Province, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Northwest University, China
| | - Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shannxi Province, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Northwest University, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shannxi Province, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Northwest University, China
| | - Meilin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shannxi Province, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Northwest University, China
| | - Jinmei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shannxi Province, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Northwest University, China
| | - Fenggui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shannxi Province, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Northwest University, China
- Shaanxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Food and Drug Safety Monitoring, China
| | - Yingjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shannxi Province, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Northwest University, China
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19
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Wang JY, Chen GTE, Balakrishna A, Jamil M, Berqdar L, Al-Babili S. Strigolactone biosynthesis in rice can occur via a 9-cis-3-OH-10'-apo-β-carotenal intermediate. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:571-578. [PMID: 38373744 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) play a crucial role in regulating plant architecture and mediating rhizosphere interactions. They are synthesized from all-trans-β-carotene converted into the intermediate carlactone (CL) via the intermediate 9-cis-β-apo-10'-carotenal. Recent studies indicate that plants can also synthesize 3-OH-CL from all-trans-β-zeaxanthin via the intermediate 9-cis-3-OH-β-apo-10'-carotenal. However, the question of whether plants can form bioactive SLs from 9-cis-3-OH-β-apo-10'-carotenal remains elusive. In this study, we supplied the 13 C-labeled 9-cis-3-OH-β-apo-10'-carotenal to rice seedlings and monitored the synthesis of SLs using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and Striga bioassay. We further validated the biological activity of 9-cis-3-OH-β-apo-10'-carotenal-derived SLs using the ccd7/d17 SL-deficient mutant, which demonstrated increased Striga seed-germinating activity and partial rescue of tiller numbers and plant height. Our results establish 9-cis-3-OH-β-apo-10'-carotenal as a significant SL biosynthetic intermediate with implications for understanding plant hormonal functions and potential applications in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian You Wang
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Guan-Ting Erica Chen
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- The Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aparna Balakrishna
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Jamil
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamis Berqdar
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Al-Babili
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- The Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Wang H, Li X, Meng B, Fan Y, Khan SU, Qian M, Zhang M, Yang H, Lu K. Exploring silique number in Brassica napus L.: Genetic and molecular advances for improving yield. Plant Biotechnol J 2024. [PMID: 38386569 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Silique number is a crucial yield-related trait for the genetic enhancement of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). The intricate molecular process governing the regulation of silique number involves various factors. Despite advancements in understanding the mechanisms regulating silique number in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (Oryza sativa), the molecular processes involved in controlling silique number in rapeseed remain largely unexplored. In this review, we identify candidate genes and review the roles of genes and environmental factors in regulating rapeseed silique number. We use genetic regulatory networks for silique number in Arabidopsis and grain number in rice to uncover possible regulatory pathways and molecular mechanisms involved in regulating genes associated with rapeseed silique number. A better understanding of the genetic network regulating silique number in rapeseed will provide a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of this trait and genetic resources for the molecular breeding of high-yielding rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Boyu Meng
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yonghai Fan
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Shahid Ullah Khan
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Mingchao Qian
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Minghao Zhang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Haikun Yang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Kun Lu
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, P.R. China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P.R. China
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21
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Zhou J, Han H, Liu S, Ji C, Jiao B, Yang Y, Xi D. miRNAs are involved in regulating the formation of recovery tissues in virus infected Nicotiana tabacum. Mol Genet Genomics 2024; 299:10. [PMID: 38376608 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-024-02106-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
MiRNAs play an important role in regulating plant growth and immune response. Mosaic diseases are recognized as the most important plant diseases in the world, and mosaic symptoms are recovery tissues formed by plants against virus infection. However, the mechanism of the formation of mosaic symptoms remains elusive. In this study, two typical mosaic systems consisting of Nicotiana tabacum-cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and N. tabacum-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) were used to investigate the relevance of miRNAs to the appearance of mosaic symptoms. The results of miRNA-seq showed that there were significant differences in miRNA abundance between dark green tissues and chlorotic tissues in mosaic leaves caused by the infection of CMV or TMV. Compared with healthy tissues, miRNA expression was significantly increased in chlorotic tissues, but slightly increased in dark green tissues. Three miRNAs, namely miR1919, miR390a, and miR6157, were identified to be strongly up-regulated in chlorotic tissues of both mosaic systems. Results of overexpressing or silencing of the three miRNAs proved that they were related to chlorophyll synthesis, auxin response, and small GTPase-mediated immunity pathway, which were corresponding to the phenotype, physiological parameters and susceptibility of the chlorotic tissues in mosaic leaves. Besides, the newly identified novel-miRNA48, novel-miRNA96 and novel-miRNA103 may also be involved in this formation of mosaic symptoms. Taken together, our results demonstrated that miR1919, miR390a and miR6157 are involved in the formation of mosaic symptoms and plant antiviral responses, providing new insight into the role of miRNAs in the formation of recovery tissue and plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongyan Han
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, China
| | - Sucen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Bolei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Dehui Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China.
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22
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Nomura T, Seto Y, Kyozuka J. Unveiling the complexity of strigolactones: exploring structural diversity, biosynthesis pathways, and signaling mechanisms. J Exp Bot 2024; 75:1134-1147. [PMID: 37877933 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactone is the collective name for compounds containing a butenolide as a part of their structure, first discovered as compounds that induce seed germination of root parasitic plants. They were later found to be rhizosphere signaling molecules that induce hyphal branching of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and, finally, they emerged as a class of plant hormones. Strigolactones are found in root exudates, where they display a great variability in their chemical structure. Their structure varies among plant species, and multiple strigolactones can exist in one species. Over 30 strigolactones have been identified, yet the chemical structure of the strigolactone that functions as an endogenous hormone and is found in the above-ground parts of plants remains unknown. We discuss our current knowledge of the synthetic pathways of diverse strigolactones and their regulation, as well as recent progress in identifying strigolactones as plant hormones. Strigolactone is perceived by the DWARF14 (D14), receptor, an α/β hydrolase which originated by gene duplication of KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE 2 (KAI2). D14 and KAI2 signaling pathways are partially overlapping paralogous pathways. Progress in understanding the signaling mechanisms mediated by two α/β hydrolase receptors as well as remaining challenges in the field of strigolactone research are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Nomura
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Seto
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Junko Kyozuka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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23
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Clark J, Bennett T. Cracking the enigma: understanding strigolactone signalling in the rhizosphere. J Exp Bot 2024; 75:1159-1173. [PMID: 37623748 PMCID: PMC10860530 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The rhizosphere is a complex physical and chemical interface between plants and their underground environment, both biotic and abiotic. Plants exude a large number of chemicals into the rhizosphere in order to manipulate these biotic and abiotic components. Among such chemicals are strigolactones, ancient signalling molecules that in flowering plants act as both internal hormones and external rhizosphere signals. Plants exude strigolactones to communicate with their preferred symbiotic partners and neighbouring plants, but at least some classes of parasitic organisms are able to 'crack' these private messages and eavesdrop on the signals. In this review, we examine the intentional consequences of strigolactone exudation, and also the unintentional consequences caused by eavesdroppers. We examine the molecular mechanisms by which strigolactones act within the rhizosphere, and attempt to understand the enigma of the strigolactone molecular diversity synthesized and exuded into the rhizosphere by plants. We conclude by looking at the prospects of using improved understanding of strigolactones in agricultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed Clark
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Tom Bennett
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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24
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Takai T. Potential of rice tillering for sustainable food production. J Exp Bot 2024; 75:708-720. [PMID: 37933683 PMCID: PMC10837021 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Tillering, also known as shoot branching, is a fundamental trait for cereal crops such as rice to produce sufficient panicle numbers. Effective tillering that guarantees successful panicle production is essential for achieving high crop yields. Recent advances in molecular biology have revealed the mechanisms underlying rice tillering; however, in rice breeding and cultivation, there remain limited genes or alleles suitable for effective tillering and high yields. A recently identified quantitative trait locus (QTL) called MORE PANICLES 3 (MP3) has been cloned as a single gene and shown to promote tillering and to moderately increase panicle number. This gene is an ortholog of the maize domestication gene TB1, and it has the potential to increase grain yield under ongoing climate change and in nutrient-poor environments. This review reconsiders the potential and importance of tillering for sustainable food production. Thus, I provide an overview of rice tiller development and the currently understood molecular mechanisms that underly it, focusing primarily on the biosynthesis and signaling of strigolactones, effective QTLs, and the importance of MP3 (TB1). The possible future benefits in using promising QTLs such as MP3 to explore agronomic solutions under ongoing climate change and in nutrient-poor environments are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Takai
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), 305-8686 Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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25
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Yoneyama K, Bennett T. Whispers in the dark: Signals regulating underground plant-plant interactions. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2024; 77:102456. [PMID: 37741801 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants are able to actively detect and respond to the presence in neighboring plants, in order to optimize their physiology to promote survival and reproduction despite the presence of competing organisms. A key but still poorly understood mechanism for neighbor detection is through the perception of root exudates. In this review, we explore recent findings on the role of root exudates in plant-plant interactions, focusing both on general interactions and also the highly specialized example of root parasite-host plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Yoneyama
- Research and Development Bureau, Saitama University, Japan.
| | - Tom Bennett
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, UK
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26
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Yu L, Zhou J, Lin J, Chen M, Liu F, Zheng X, Zhou L, Wang R, Xiao L, Liu Y. Perception of strigolactones and the coordinated phytohormonal regulation on rice ( Oryza sativa) tillering is affected by endogenous ascorbic acid. Funct Plant Biol 2024; 51:FP23148. [PMID: 38326230 DOI: 10.1071/fp23148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Phytohormones play a key role in regulating tiller number. Ascorbic acid (Asc)-phytohormone interaction plays a pivotal role in the regulation of senescence. We analysed the relationship between Asc and the enzyme concentrations and gene transcript abundances related to the signal perception of strigolactones (SLs), the contents of four phytohormones (abscisic acid, ABA; jasmonic acid, JA; indole acetic acid, IAA; cytokinin, CTK), the enzyme concentrations and gene transcript abundances related to the synthesis or transportation of these four phytohormones. Our results showed that Asc deficiency leads to the upregulation of enzyme concentrations, gene transcript abundances related to the SL signal perception, ABA synthesis and IAA transport. The altered level of Asc also leads to a change in the contents of ABA, JA, IAA and CTK. These findings support the conclusion that Asc or Asc/DHA play an important role in the signal perception and transduction of SLs, and Asc may affect the coordinated regulation of SL, IAA and CTK on rice (Oryza sativa ) tillering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yu
- College of Life Science, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong 526061, China
| | - Jiankai Zhou
- College of Life Science, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong 526061, China
| | - Junlong Lin
- College of Life Science, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong 526061, China
| | - Mengwei Chen
- College of Life Science, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong 526061, China
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Life Science, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong 526061, China
| | - Xinlin Zheng
- College of Life Science, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong 526061, China
| | - Liping Zhou
- College of Life Science, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong 526061, China
| | - Ruozhong Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Langtao Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Yonghai Liu
- College of Life Science, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, Guangdong 526061, China; and Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing, Guangdong 526238, China
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27
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Özbilen A, Sezer F, Taşkin KM. Identification and expression of strigolactone biosynthesis and signaling genes and the in vitro effects of strigolactones in olive ( Olea europaea L.). Plant Direct 2024; 8:e568. [PMID: 38405354 PMCID: PMC10894696 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs), synthesized in plant roots, play a dual role in modulating plant growth and development, and in inducing the germination of parasitic plant seeds and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere. As phytohormones, SLs are crucial in regulating branching and shaping plant architecture. Despite the significant impact of branching strategies on the yield performance of fruit crops, limited research has been conducted on SLs in these crops. In our study, we identified the transcript sequences of SL biosynthesis and signaling genes in olive (Olea europaea L.) using rapid amplification of cDNA ends. We predicted the corresponding protein sequences, analyzed their characteristics, and conducted molecular docking with bioinformatics tools. Furthermore, we quantified the expression levels of these genes in various tissues using quantitative real-time PCR. Our findings demonstrate the predominant expression of SL biosynthesis and signaling genes (OeD27, OeMAX3, OeMAX4, OeMAX1, OeD14, and OeMAX2) in roots and lateral buds, highlighting their importance in branching. Treatment with rac-GR24, an SL analog, enhanced the germination frequency of olive seeds in vitro compared with untreated embryos. Conversely, inhibition of SL biosynthesis with TIS108 increased lateral bud formation in a hard-to-root cultivar, underscoring the role of SLs as phytohormones in olives. These results suggest that modifying SL biosynthesis and signaling pathways could offer novel approaches for olive breeding, with potential applicability to other fruit crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslıhan Özbilen
- Department of BiologyCanakkale Onsekiz Mart UniversityCanakkaleTurkey
| | - Fatih Sezer
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsCanakkale Onsekiz Mart UniversityCanakkaleTurkey
| | - Kemal Melih Taşkin
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsCanakkale Onsekiz Mart UniversityCanakkaleTurkey
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28
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Overlander-Chen M, Carlson CH, Fiedler JD, Yang S. Plastid terminal oxidase is required for chloroplast biogenesis in barley. Plant J 2024; 117:1179-1190. [PMID: 37985448 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast biogenesis is critical for crop biomass and economic yield. However, chloroplast development is a very complicated process coordinated by cross-communication between the nucleus and plastids, and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully revealed. To explore the regulatory machinery for chloroplast biogenesis, we conducted map-based cloning of the Grandpa 1 (Gpa1) gene regulating chloroplast development in barley. The spontaneous mutation gpa1.a caused a variegation phenotype of the leaf, dwarfed growth, reduced grain yield, and increased tiller number. Genetic mapping anchored the Gpa1 gene onto 2H within a gene cluster functionally related to photosynthesis or chloroplast differentiation. One gene (HORVU.MOREX.r3.2HG0213170) in the delimited region encodes a putative plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX) in thylakoid membranes, which is homologous to IMMUTANS (IM) of Arabidopsis. The IM gene is required for chloroplast biogenesis and maintenance of functional thylakoids in Arabidopsis. Using CRISPR technology and gene transformation, we functionally validated that the PTOX-encoding gene, HORVU.MOREX.r3.2HG0213170, is the causal gene of Gpa1. Gene expression and chemical analysis revealed that the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway is suppressed by the gpa1 mutation, rendering mutants vulnerable to photobleaching. Our results showed that the overtillering associated with the gpa1 mutation was caused by the lower accumulation of carotenoid-derived strigolactones (SLs) in the mutant. The cloning of Gpa1 not only improves our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying chloroplast biosynthesis but also indicates that the PTOX activity is conserved between monocots and dicots for the establishment of the photosynthesis factory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Overlander-Chen
- USDA-ARS Cereals Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agriculture Research Center, Fargo, North Dakota, 58102, USA
| | - Craig H Carlson
- USDA-ARS Cereals Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agriculture Research Center, Fargo, North Dakota, 58102, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, North Dakota, 58102, USA
| | - Jason D Fiedler
- USDA-ARS Cereals Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agriculture Research Center, Fargo, North Dakota, 58102, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, North Dakota, 58102, USA
| | - Shengming Yang
- USDA-ARS Cereals Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agriculture Research Center, Fargo, North Dakota, 58102, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, North Dakota, 58102, USA
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, North Dakota, 58102, USA
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29
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Kean-Galeno T, Lopez-Arredondo D, Herrera-Estrella L. The Shoot Apical Meristem: An Evolutionary Molding of Higher Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1519. [PMID: 38338798 PMCID: PMC10855264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to the aerial structure of plants by producing lateral organs and other meristems. The SAM is responsible for plant developmental patterns, thus determining plant morphology and, consequently, many agronomic traits such as the number and size of fruits and flowers and kernel yield. Our current understanding of SAM morphology and regulation is based on studies conducted mainly on some angiosperms, including economically important crops such as maize (Zea mays) and rice (Oryza sativa), and the model species Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, studies in other plant species from the gymnosperms are scant, making difficult comparative analyses that help us understand SAM regulation in diverse plant species. This limitation prevents deciphering the mechanisms by which evolution gave rise to the multiple plant structures within the plant kingdom and determines the conserved mechanisms involved in SAM maintenance and operation. This review aims to integrate and analyze the current knowledge of SAM evolution by combining the morphological and molecular information recently reported from the plant kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Kean-Galeno
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Plant and Soil Science Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.K.-G.); (D.L.-A.)
| | - Damar Lopez-Arredondo
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Plant and Soil Science Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.K.-G.); (D.L.-A.)
| | - Luis Herrera-Estrella
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Plant and Soil Science Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.K.-G.); (D.L.-A.)
- Unidad de Genómica Avanzada/Langebio, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Irapuato 36821, Mexico
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Chen J, Dean TJ, Shukla D. Contribution of Signaling Partner Association to Strigolactone Receptor Selectivity. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:698-705. [PMID: 38194306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c06940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The parasitic plant witchweed, Striga hermonthica, results in agricultural losses of billions of dollars per year. It perceives its host via plant hormones called strigolactones, which act as germination stimulants for witchweed. Strigolactone signaling involves substrate binding to the strigolactone receptor, followed by substrate hydrolysis and a conformational change from an inactive, or open state, to an active, or closed state. In the active state, the receptor associates with a signaling partner, MAX2. Recently, it was shown that this MAX2 association process acts as a strong contributor to the uniquely high signaling activity observed in ShHTL7; however, it is unknown why ShHTL7 has enhanced MAX2 association affinity. Using an umbrella sampling molecular dynamics approach, we characterized the association processes of AtD14, ShHTL7, a mutant of ShHTL7, and ShHTL6 with MAX2 homologue OsD3. From these results, we show that ShHTL7 has an enhanced standard binding free energy of OsD3 compared to those of the other receptors. Additionally, our results suggest that the overall topology of the T2/T3 helix region is likely an important modulator of MAX2 binding. Thus, differences in MAX2 association, modulated by differences in the T2/T3 helix region, are a contributor to differences in signaling activity between different strigolactone receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiming Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Tanner J Dean
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Diwakar Shukla
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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31
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Liu G, Li Y, Si J, Lu R, Hui M. Genetic Model Identification and Major QTL Mapping for Petiole Thickness in Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:802. [PMID: 38255876 PMCID: PMC10815893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Petioles of non-heading Chinese cabbage are not only an important edible part but also a conduit for nutrient transport, holding significant agricultural and research value. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive genetic analysis of petiole-related traits using a segregating population. Modern quantitative genetic approaches were applied to investigate the genetic regulation of petiole thickness. The results indicated that petiole thickness is a quantitative trait, and the identified genetic model was consistent with two pairs of additive-dominant main genes and additive-dominant polygenes (2MG-AD). BSA-seq analysis identified a major effect of QTL controlling petiole thickness on chromosome A09: 42.08-45.09 Mb, spanning 3.01 Mb, designated as QTL-BrLH9. Utilizing InDel markers, the interval was narrowed down to 51 kb, encompassing 14 genes with annotations for 10 of them. Within the interval, four mutated genes were detected. Combined with gene annotation, protein sequence analysis, and homology alignment, it was found that BraA09g063520.3C's homologous gene SMXL6 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh) is an inhibitor of the coding and synthesis of the strigolactone pathway. Strigolactone (SLs) plays an important role in plant growth and development. The cloning results showed that multiple frameshift mutations and non-synonymous mutations occurred on the exon. The qPCR results showed that the expression of the gene was significantly different between the two parents at the adult stage, so it was speculated that it would lead to changes in petiole thickness. BraA09g063520.3C was predicted as the final candidate gene.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maixia Hui
- Vegetables Engineering and Technology Research Center of Shaanxi Province, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.L.); (Y.L.); (J.S.); (R.L.)
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32
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Gao J, Liu Y, Zhao D, Ding Y, Gao L, Su X, Song K, He X. CeO 2NP priming enhances the seed vigor of alfalfa ( Medicago sativa) under salt stress. Front Plant Sci 2024; 14:1264698. [PMID: 38264026 PMCID: PMC10803516 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1264698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinization is a common environmental problem that seriously threatens crop yield and food security, especially through its impact on seed germination. Nanoparticle priming, an emerging seed treatment method, is receiving increasing attention in improving crop yield and stress resistance. This study used alfalfa seeds as materials to explore the potential benefits of cerium oxide nanoparticle (CeO2NP) priming to promote seed germination and improve salt tolerance. CeO2NPs at concentrations up to 500 mg/L were able to significantly alleviate salt stress in alfalfa seeds (200 mM), with 50 mg/L of CeO2NP having the best effect, significantly (P< 0.05) increasing germination potential (from 4.0% to 51.3%), germination rate (from 10.0% to 62.7%), root length (from 8.3 cm to 23.1 cm), and seedling length (from 9.8 cm to 13.7 cm). Priming treatment significantly (P< 0.05) increased seed water absorption by removing seed hardness and also reducing abscisic acid and jasmonic acid contents to relieve seed dormancy. CeO2NP priming increased α-amylase activity and osmoregulatory substance level, decreased reactive oxygen species and malonaldehyde contents and relative conductivity, and increased catalase enzyme activity. Seed priming regulated carotenoid, zeatin, and plant hormone signal transduction pathways, among other metabolic pathways, while CeO2NP priming additionally promoted the enrichment of α-linolenic acid and diterpenoid hormone metabolic pathways under salt stress. In addition, CeO2NPs enhanced α-amylase activity (by 6.55%) in vitro. The optimal tested concentration (50 mg/L) of CeO2NPs was able to improve the seed vigor, enhance the activity of α-amylase, regulate the osmotic level and endogenous hormone levels, and improve the salt tolerance of alfalfa seeds. This study demonstrates the efficacy of a simple seed treatment strategy that can improve crop stress resistance, which is of great importance for reducing agricultural costs and promoting sustainable agricultural development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xueqing He
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Lahari Z, van Boerdonk S, Omoboye OO, Reichelt M, Höfte M, Gershenzon J, Gheysen G, Ullah C. Strigolactone deficiency induces jasmonate, sugar and flavonoid phytoalexin accumulation enhancing rice defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae. New Phytol 2024; 241:827-844. [PMID: 37974472 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are carotenoid-derived phytohormones that regulate plant growth and development. While root-secreted SLs are well-known to facilitate plant symbiosis with beneficial microbes, the role of SLs in plant interactions with pathogenic microbes remains largely unexplored. Using genetic and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate a negative role of SLs in rice (Oryza sativa) defense against the blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae (syn. Magnaporthe oryzae). We found that SL biosynthesis and perception mutants, and wild-type (WT) plants after chemical inhibition of SLs, were less susceptible to P. oryzae. Strigolactone deficiency also resulted in a higher accumulation of jasmonates, soluble sugars and flavonoid phytoalexins in rice leaves. Likewise, in response to P. oryzae infection, SL signaling was downregulated, while jasmonate and sugar content increased markedly. The jar1 mutant unable to synthesize jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine, and the coi1-18 RNAi line perturbed in jasmonate signaling, both accumulated lower levels of sugars. However, when WT seedlings were sprayed with glucose or sucrose, jasmonate accumulation increased, suggesting a reciprocal positive interplay between jasmonates and sugars. Finally, we showed that functional jasmonate signaling is necessary for SL deficiency to induce rice defense against P. oryzae. We conclude that a reduction in rice SL content reduces P. oryzae susceptibility by activating jasmonate and sugar signaling pathways, and flavonoid phytoalexin accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zobaida Lahari
- Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Sarah van Boerdonk
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany
| | - Olumide Owolabi Omoboye
- Department of Plants and Crops, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 220005, Nigeria
| | - Michael Reichelt
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany
| | - Monica Höfte
- Department of Plants and Crops, Laboratory of Phytopathology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Gershenzon
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany
| | | | - Chhana Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, 07745, Germany
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34
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Li S, Baldwin G, Yang C, Lu R, Meng S, Huang J, Wang M, Baldwin IT. Field-work reveals a novel function for MAX2 in a native tobacco's high-light adaptions. Plant Cell Environ 2024; 47:230-245. [PMID: 37750501 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory studies have revealed that strigolatone (SL) and karrikin (KAR) signalling mediate responses to abiotic and biotic stresses, and reshape branching architecture that could increase reproductive performance and crop yields. To understand the ecological function of SL and KAR signalling, transgenic lines of wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata, silenced in SL/KAR biosynthesis/signalling were grown in the glasshouse and in two field plots in the Great Basin Desert in Utah over four field seasons. Of the lines silenced in SL and KAR signalling components (irMAX2, irD14, irKAI2 and irD14 × irKAI2 plants), which exhibited the expected increases in shoot branching, only irMAX2 plants showed a strong leaf-bleaching phenotype when grown in the field. In the field, irMAX2 plants had lower sugar and higher leaf amino acid contents, lower lifetime fitness and were more susceptible to herbivore attack compared to wild-type plants. These irMAX2 phenotypes were not observed in glasshouse-grown plants. Transcriptomic analysis revealed dramatic responses to high-light intensity in irMAX2 leaves in the field: lutein contents decreased, and transcriptional responses to high-intensity light, singlet oxygen and hydrogen peroxide increased. PAR and UV-B manipulations in the field revealed that the irMAX2 bleaching phenotype is reversed by decreasing PAR, but not UV-B fluence. We propose that NaMAX2 functions in high-light adaptation and fitness optimisation by regulating high-light responses independently of its roles in the SL and KAR signalling pathways. The work provides another example of the value of studying the function of genes in the complex environments in which plants evolved, namely nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhua Li
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Gundega Baldwin
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Caiqiong Yang
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Ruirui Lu
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuaishuai Meng
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianbei Huang
- Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ian T Baldwin
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
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Mansoor S, Mir MA, Karunathilake EMBM, Rasool A, Ştefănescu DM, Chung YS, Sun HJ. Strigolactones as promising biomolecule for oxidative stress management: A comprehensive review. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 206:108282. [PMID: 38147706 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones, which are a group of plant hormones, have emerged as promising biomolecules for effectively managing oxidative stress in plants. Oxidative stress occurs when the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeds the plant's ability to detoxify or scavenge these harmful molecules. An elevation in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels often occurs in response to a range of stressors in plants. These stressors encompass both biotic factors, such as fungal, viral, or nematode attacks, as well as abiotic challenges like intense light exposure, drought, salinity, and pathogenic assaults. This ROS surge can ultimately lead to cellular harm and damage. One of the key ways in which strigolactones help mitigate oxidative stress is by stimulating the synthesis and accumulation of antioxidants. These antioxidants act as scavengers of ROS, neutralizing their harmful effects. Additionally, strigolactones also regulate stomatal closure, which reduces water loss and helps alleviate oxidative stress during conditions of drought stress or water deficiencies. By understanding and harnessing the capabilities of strigolactones, it becomes possible to enhance crop productivity and enable plants to withstand environmental stresses in the face of a changing climate. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth exploration of the various roles of strigolactones in plant growth, development, and response to various stresses, with a specific emphasis on their involvement in managing oxidative stress. Strigolactones also play a critical role in detoxifying ROS while regulating the expression of genes related to antioxidant defense pathways, striking a balance between ROS detoxification and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Mansoor
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mudasir A Mir
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - E M B M Karunathilake
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Aatifa Rasool
- Department of Fruit Sciences, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K, 190025, India
| | - Dragoş Mihail Ştefănescu
- Department of Biology and Environmental Engineering, University of Craiova, A.I.Cuza 13, 200585, Craiova, Romania
| | - Yong Suk Chung
- Department of Plant Resources and Environment, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Sun
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
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36
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Miura C, Furui Y, Yamamoto T, Kanno Y, Honjo M, Yamaguchi K, Suetsugu K, Yagame T, Seo M, Shigenobu S, Yamato M, Kaminaka H. Autoactivation of mycorrhizal symbiosis signaling through gibberellin deactivation in orchid seed germination. Plant Physiol 2023; 194:546-563. [PMID: 37776523 PMCID: PMC10756758 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Orchids parasitically depend on external nutrients from mycorrhizal fungi for seed germination. Previous findings suggest that orchids utilize a genetic system of mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, in which the plant hormone gibberellin (GA) negatively affects fungal colonization and development, to establish parasitic symbiosis. Although GA generally promotes seed germination in photosynthetic plants, previous studies have reported low sensitivity of GA in seed germination of mycoheterotrophic orchids where mycorrhizal symbiosis occurs concurrently. To elucidate the connecting mechanisms of orchid seed germination and mycorrhizal symbiosis at the molecular level, we investigated the effect of GA on a hyacinth orchid (Bletilla striata) seed germination and mycorrhizal symbiosis using asymbiotic and symbiotic germination methods. Additionally, we compared the transcriptome profiles between asymbiotically and symbiotically germinated seeds. Exogenous GA negatively affected seed germination and fungal colonization, and endogenous bioactive GA was actively converted to the inactive form during seed germination. Transcriptome analysis showed that B. striata shared many of the induced genes between asymbiotically and symbiotically germinated seeds, including GA metabolism- and signaling-related genes and AM-specific marker homologs. Our study suggests that orchids have evolved in a manner that they do not use bioactive GA as a positive regulator of seed germination and instead autoactivate the mycorrhizal symbiosis pathway through GA inactivation to accept the fungal partner immediately during seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Miura
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yuki Furui
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yuri Kanno
- Dormancy and Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masaya Honjo
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Katsushi Yamaguchi
- Functional Genomics Facility, NIBB Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Suetsugu
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | | | - Mitsunori Seo
- Dormancy and Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Nakagami-gun 903-0213, Japan
| | - Shuji Shigenobu
- Functional Genomics Facility, NIBB Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Masahide Yamato
- Faculty of Education, Chiba University, Chiba 271-8510, Japan
| | - Hironori Kaminaka
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Unused Bioresource Utilization Center, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
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Park YJ, Nam BE, Park CM. Environmentally adaptive reshaping of plant photomorphogenesis by karrikin and strigolactone signaling. J Integr Plant Biol 2023. [PMID: 38116738 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Coordinated morphogenic adaptation of growing plants is critical for their survival and propagation under fluctuating environments. Plant morphogenic responses to light and warm temperatures, termed photomorphogenesis and thermomorphogenesis, respectively, have been extensively studied in recent decades. During photomorphogenesis, plants actively reshape their growth and developmental patterns to cope with changes in light regimes. Accordingly, photomorphogenesis is closely associated with diverse growth hormonal cues. Notably, accumulating evidence indicates that light-directed morphogenesis is profoundly affected by two recently identified phytochemicals, karrikins (KARs) and strigolactones (SLs). KARs and SLs are structurally related butenolides acting as signaling molecules during a variety of developmental steps, including seed germination. Their receptors and signaling mediators have been identified, and associated working mechanisms have been explored using gene-deficient mutants in various plant species. Of particular interest is that the KAR and SL signaling pathways play important roles in environmental responses, among which their linkages with photomorphogenesis are most comprehensively studied during seedling establishment. In this review, we focus on how the phytochemical and light signals converge on the optimization of morphogenic fitness. We also discuss molecular mechanisms underlying the signaling crosstalks with an aim of developing potential ways to improve crop productivity under climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Joon Park
- Department of Smart Farm Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Bo Eun Nam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Chung-Mo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
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Seto Y. Latest knowledge on strigolactone biosynthesis and perception. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 88:1-7. [PMID: 37881025 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are a class of terpenoid lactones initially identified as seed germination stimulants for root parasitic plants more than 50 years ago. Long after this initial discovery, SLs were re-characterized as the symbiotic signals for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that supply inorganic nutrients, such as phosphate, to their host plants. In 2008, SLs were found to be endogenous plant hormones that regulate shoot branching in plants. The discovery of SLs as a new class of plant hormones has significantly advanced research in this field. Studies over the past 15 years have elucidated almost the entire pathway of SL biosynthesis and the overall mechanism of its signaling. This review summarizes research on the SL biosynthetic pathway, and the current state of knowledge of the SL perception mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiya Seto
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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39
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Chen Z, Chen Y, Shi L, Wang L, Li W. Interaction of Phytohormones and External Environmental Factors in the Regulation of the Bud Dormancy in Woody Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17200. [PMID: 38139028 PMCID: PMC10743443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bud dormancy and release are essential phenomena that greatly assist in adapting to adverse growing conditions and promoting the holistic growth and development of perennial plants. The dormancy and release process of buds in temperate perennial trees involves complex interactions between physiological and biochemical processes influenced by various environmental factors, representing a meticulously orchestrated life cycle. In this review, we summarize the role of phytohormones and their crosstalk in the establishment and release of bud dormancy. External environmental factors, such as light and temperature, play a crucial role in regulating bud germination. We also highlight the mechanisms of how light and temperature are involved in the regulation of bud dormancy by modulating phytohormones. Moreover, the role of nutrient factors, including sugar, in regulating bud dormancy is also discussed. This review provides a foundation for enhancing our understanding of plant growth and development patterns, fostering agricultural production, and exploring plant adaptive responses to adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Weixing Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.C.); (Y.C.); (L.S.); (L.W.)
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40
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Chen R, Luo L, Li K, Li Q, Li W, Wang X. Dormancy-Associated Gene 1 (OsDRM1) as an axillary bud dormancy marker: Retarding Plant Development, and Modulating Auxin Response in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Plant Physiol 2023; 291:154117. [PMID: 37924628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Dormancy-Associated Genes 1/Auxin-Repressed Proteins (DRM1/ARP) are associated with bud dormancy, repression of plant growth, and responsiveness to hormones. To further explore the function of DRM1 proteins in rice, we isolated a dormancy-associated gene1 (OsDRM1) through microarray analysis. In situ hybridization analyses revealed that OsDRM1 is predominantly expressed in dormant axillary buds, while it is weakly expressed in growing buds, indicating that OsDRM1 gene can be used as a molecular marker for bud dormancy in rice. Overexpression of OsDRM1 in transgenic plants delayed axillary bud outgrowth by suppressing cell division within the buds. Further studies in OsDRM1-overexpressing transgenic plants showed a reduction in plant height, inhibition of root and hypocotyl elongation, and delayed heading time. Under auxin treatment, overexpression of OsDRM1 in transgenic lines partially rescued the shortened length of the primary and crown root. Taken together, these results indicated that OsDRM1 delayed bud growth by arresting the cell cycle and act as a growth repressor affect rice development by modulated auxin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihong Chen
- Horticultural Science Research Center, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Le Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kun Li
- College of Forest, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Qian Li
- Horticultural Science Research Center, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Horticultural Science Research Center, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Su C, Kokosza A, Xie X, Pěnčík A, Zhang Y, Raumonen P, Shi X, Muranen S, Topcu MK, Immanen J, Hagqvist R, Safronov O, Alonso-Serra J, Eswaran G, Venegas MP, Ljung K, Ward S, Mähönen AP, Himanen K, Salojärvi J, Fernie AR, Novák O, Leyser O, Pałubicki W, Helariutta Y, Nieminen K. Tree architecture: A strigolactone-deficient mutant reveals a connection between branching order and auxin gradient along the tree stem. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308587120. [PMID: 37991945 PMCID: PMC10691325 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308587120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their long lifespan, trees and bushes develop higher order of branches in a perennial manner. In contrast to a tall tree, with a clearly defined main stem and branching order, a bush is shorter and has a less apparent main stem and branching pattern. To address the developmental basis of these two forms, we studied several naturally occurring architectural variants in silver birch (Betula pendula). Using a candidate gene approach, we identified a bushy kanttarelli variant with a loss-of-function mutation in the BpMAX1 gene required for strigolactone (SL) biosynthesis. While kanttarelli is shorter than the wild type (WT), it has the same number of primary branches, whereas the number of secondary branches is increased, contributing to its bush-like phenotype. To confirm that the identified mutation was responsible for the phenotype, we phenocopied kanttarelli in transgenic BpMAX1::RNAi birch lines. SL profiling confirmed that both kanttarelli and the transgenic lines produced very limited amounts of SL. Interestingly, the auxin (IAA) distribution along the main stem differed between WT and BpMAX1::RNAi. In the WT, the auxin concentration formed a gradient, being higher in the uppermost internodes and decreasing toward the basal part of the stem, whereas in the transgenic line, this gradient was not observed. Through modeling, we showed that the different IAA distribution patterns may result from the difference in the number of higher-order branches and plant height. Future studies will determine whether the IAA gradient itself regulates aspects of plant architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Su
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Andrzej Kokosza
- Mathematics and Computer Science, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań61-614, Poland
| | - Xiaonan Xie
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya321-8505, Japan
| | - Aleš Pěnčík
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Faculty of Science of Palacký University, OlomoucCZ-78371, Czech Republic
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm14476, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Pasi Raumonen
- Mathematics, Tampere University, Tampere33720, Finland
| | - Xueping Shi
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan430070, China
| | - Sampo Muranen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Melis Kucukoglu Topcu
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Juha Immanen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
- Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki00790, Finland
| | - Risto Hagqvist
- Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki00790, Finland
| | - Omid Safronov
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Juan Alonso-Serra
- Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Lyon69342, France
| | - Gugan Eswaran
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Mirko Pavicic Venegas
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN37830
- National Plant Phenotyping Infrastructure, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Biocenter Finland, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Karin Ljung
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sally Ward
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 1LR, United Kingdom
| | - Ari Pekka Mähönen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Kristiina Himanen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
- National Plant Phenotyping Infrastructure, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Biocenter Finland, Helsinki00014, Finland
| | - Jarkko Salojärvi
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore637551, Singapore
| | - Alisdair R. Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm14476, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Faculty of Science of Palacký University, OlomoucCZ-78371, Czech Republic
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Olomouc78371, Czech Republic
| | - Ottoline Leyser
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 1LR, United Kingdom
| | - Wojtek Pałubicki
- Mathematics and Computer Science, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań61-614, Poland
| | - Ykä Helariutta
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 1LR, United Kingdom
| | - Kaisa Nieminen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki00014, Finland
- Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki00790, Finland
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Li X, Lu J, Zhu X, Dong Y, Liu Y, Chu S, Xiong E, Zheng X, Jiao Y. AtMYBS1 negatively regulates heat tolerance by directly repressing the expression of MAX1 required for strigolactone biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Plant Commun 2023; 4:100675. [PMID: 37608548 PMCID: PMC10721535 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress caused by global warming requires the development of thermotolerant crops to sustain yield. It is necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms that underlie heat tolerance in plants. Strigolactones (SLs) are a class of carotenoid-derived phytohormones that regulate plant development and responses to abiotic or biotic stresses. Although SL biosynthesis and signaling processes are well established, genes that directly regulate SL biosynthesis have rarely been reported. Here, we report that the MYB-like transcription factor AtMYBS1/AtMYBL, whose gene expression is repressed by heat stress, functions as a negative regulator of heat tolerance by directly inhibiting SL biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of AtMYBS1 led to heat hypersensitivity, whereas atmybs1 mutants displayed increased heat tolerance. Expression of MAX1, a critical enzyme in SL biosynthesis, was induced by heat stress and downregulated in AtMYBS1-overexpression (OE) plants but upregulated in atmybs1 mutants. Overexpression of MAX1 in the AtMYBS1-OE background reversed the heat hypersensitivity of AtMYBS1-OE plants. Loss of MAX1 function in the atmyb1 background reversed the heat-tolerant phenotypes of atmyb1 mutants. Yeast one-hybrid assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation‒qPCR, and transgenic analyses demonstrated that AtMYBS1 directly represses MAX1 expression through the MYB binding site in the MAX1 promoter in vivo. The atmybs1d14 double mutant, like d14 mutants, exhibited hypersensitivity to heat stress, indicating the necessary role of SL signaling in AtMYBS1-regulated heat tolerance. Our findings provide new insights into the regulatory network of SL biosynthesis, facilitating the breeding of heat-tolerant crops to improve crop production in a warming world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China; Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Jianhua Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xuling Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yanqi Dong
- Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Shanshan Chu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Erhui Xiong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Xu Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Yongqing Jiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China.
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Chen GTE, Wang JY, Votta C, Braguy J, Jamil M, Kirschner GK, Fiorilli V, Berqdar L, Balakrishna A, Blilou I, Lanfranco L, Al-Babili S. Disruption of the rice 4-DEOXYOROBANCHOL HYDROXYLASE unravels specific functions of canonical strigolactones. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306263120. [PMID: 37819983 PMCID: PMC10589652 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306263120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) regulate many developmental processes, including shoot-branching/tillering, and mediate rhizospheric interactions. SLs originate from carlactone (CL) and are structurally diverse, divided into a canonical and a noncanonical subfamily. Rice contains two canonical SLs, 4-deoxyorobanchol (4DO) and orobanchol (Oro), which are common in different plant species. The cytochrome P450 OsMAX1-900 forms 4DO from CL through repeated oxygenation and ring closure, while the homologous enzyme OsMAX1-1400 hydroxylates 4DO into Oro. To better understand the biological function of 4DO and Oro, we generated CRISPR/Cas9 mutants disrupted in OsMAX1-1400 or in both OsMAX1-900 and OsMAX1-1400. The loss of OsMAX1-1400 activity led to a complete lack of Oro and an accumulation of its precursor 4DO. Moreover, Os1400 mutants showed shorter plant height, panicle and panicle base length, but no tillering phenotype. Hormone quantification and transcriptome analysis of Os1400 mutants revealed elevated auxin levels and changes in the expression of auxin-related, as well as of SL biosynthetic genes. Interestingly, the Os900/1400 double mutant lacking both Oro and 4DO did not show the observed Os1400 architectural phenotypes, indicating their being a result of 4DO accumulation. Treatment of wild-type plants with 4DO confirmed this assumption. A comparison of the Striga seed germinating activity and the mycorrhization of Os900, Os900/1400, and Os1400 loss-of-function mutants demonstrated that the germination activity positively correlates with 4DO content while disrupting OsMAX1-1400 has a negative impact on mycorrhizal symbiosis. Taken together, our paper deciphers the biological function of canonical SLs in rice and reveals their particular contributions to establishing architecture and rhizospheric communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Ting Erica Chen
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- The Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jian You Wang
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Cristina Votta
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino10125, Italy
| | - Justine Braguy
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Jamil
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gwendolyn K. Kirschner
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Plant Cell and Developmental Biology, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Valentina Fiorilli
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino10125, Italy
| | - Lamis Berqdar
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aparna Balakrishna
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ikram Blilou
- The Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, Plant Cell and Developmental Biology, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luisa Lanfranco
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino10125, Italy
| | - Salim Al-Babili
- The BioActives Lab, Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- The Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Shi Y, Feng J, Wang L, Liu Y, He D, Sun Y, Luo Y, Jin C, Zhang Y. OsMDH12: A Peroxisomal Malate Dehydrogenase Regulating Tiller Number and Salt Tolerance in Rice. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3558. [PMID: 37896021 PMCID: PMC10610416 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is an important environmental factor influencing crop growth and yield. Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) catalyses the reversible conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to malate. While many MDHs have been identified in various plants, the biochemical function of MDH in rice remains uncharacterised, and its role in growth and salt stress response is largely unexplored. In this study, the biochemical function of OsMDH12 was determined, revealing its involvement in regulating tiller number and salt tolerance in rice. OsMDH12 localises in the peroxisome and is expressed across various organs. In vitro analysis confirmed that OsMDH12 converts OAA to malate. Seedlings of OsMDH12-overexpressing (OE) plants had shorter shoot lengths and lower fresh weights than wild-type (WT) plants, while osmdh12 mutants displayed the opposite. At maturity, OsMDH12-OE plants had fewer tillers than WT, whereas osmdh12 mutants had more, suggesting OsMDH12's role in tiller number regulation. Moreover, OsMDH12-OE plants were sensitive to salt stress, but osmdh12 mutants showed enhanced salt tolerance. The Na+/K+ content ratio increased in OsMDH12-OE plants and decreased in osmdh12 mutants, suggesting that OsMDH12 might negatively affect salt tolerance through influencing the Na+/K+ balance. These findings hint at OsMDH12's potential as a genetic tool to enhance rice growth and salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Shi
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (Y.S.); (J.F.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (D.H.); (Y.S.); (C.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Jiahui Feng
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (Y.S.); (J.F.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (D.H.); (Y.S.); (C.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (Y.S.); (J.F.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (D.H.); (Y.S.); (C.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Yanchen Liu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (Y.S.); (J.F.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (D.H.); (Y.S.); (C.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Dujun He
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (Y.S.); (J.F.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (D.H.); (Y.S.); (C.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Yangyang Sun
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (Y.S.); (J.F.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (D.H.); (Y.S.); (C.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Yuehua Luo
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Cheng Jin
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (Y.S.); (J.F.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (D.H.); (Y.S.); (C.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (Y.S.); (J.F.); (L.W.); (Y.L.); (D.H.); (Y.S.); (C.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
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Sanchez-Corrionero A, Sánchez-Vicente I, Arteaga N, Manrique-Gil I, Gómez-Jiménez S, Torres-Quezada I, Albertos P, Lorenzo O. Fine-tuned nitric oxide and hormone interface in plant root development and regeneration. J Exp Bot 2023; 74:6104-6118. [PMID: 36548145 PMCID: PMC10575706 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant root growth and developmental capacities reside in a few stem cells of the root apical meristem (RAM). Maintenance of these stem cells requires regenerative divisions of the initial stem cell niche (SCN) cells, self-maintenance, and proliferative divisions of the daughter cells. This ensures sufficient cell diversity to guarantee the development of complex root tissues in the plant. Damage in the root during growth involves the formation of a new post-embryonic root, a process known as regeneration. Post-embryonic root development and organogenesis processes include primary root development and SCN maintenance, plant regeneration, and the development of adventitious and lateral roots. These developmental processes require a fine-tuned balance between cell proliferation and maintenance. An important regulator during root development and regeneration is the gasotransmitter nitric oxide (NO). In this review we have sought to compile how NO regulates cell rate proliferation, cell differentiation, and quiescence of SCNs, usually through interaction with phytohormones, or other molecular mechanisms involved in cellular redox homeostasis. NO exerts a role on molecular components of the auxin and cytokinin signaling pathways in primary roots that affects cell proliferation and maintenance of the RAM. During root regeneration, a peak of auxin and cytokinin triggers specific molecular programs. Moreover, NO participates in adventitious root formation through its interaction with players of the brassinosteroid and cytokinin signaling cascade. Lately, NO has been implicated in root regeneration under hypoxia conditions by regulating stem cell specification through phytoglobins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Sanchez-Corrionero
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Sánchez-Vicente
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Noelia Arteaga
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Isabel Manrique-Gil
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sara Gómez-Jiménez
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Isabel Torres-Quezada
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo Albertos
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Oscar Lorenzo
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
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Popa DG, Georgescu F, Dumitrascu F, Shova S, Constantinescu-Aruxandei D, Draghici C, Vladulescu L, Oancea F. Novel Strigolactone Mimics That Modulate Photosynthesis and Biomass Accumulation in Chlorella sorokiniana. Molecules 2023; 28:7059. [PMID: 37894539 PMCID: PMC10609326 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In terrestrial plants, strigolactones act as multifunctional endo- and exo-signals. On microalgae, the strigolactones determine akin effects: induce symbiosis formation with fungi and bacteria and enhance photosynthesis efficiency and accumulation of biomass. This work aims to synthesize and identify strigolactone mimics that promote photosynthesis and biomass accumulation in microalgae with biotechnological potential. Novel strigolactone mimics easily accessible in significant amounts were prepared and fully characterized. The first two novel compounds contain 3,5-disubstituted aryloxy moieties connected to the bioactive furan-2-one ring. In the second group of compounds, a benzothiazole ring is connected directly through the cyclic nitrogen atom to the bioactive furan-2-one ring. The novel strigolactone mimics were tested on Chlorella sorokiniana NIVA-CHL 176. All tested strigolactones increased the accumulation of chlorophyll b in microalgae biomass. The SL-F3 mimic, 3-(4-methyl-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-yl)-3H-benzothiazol-2-one (7), proved the most efficient. This compound, applied at a concentration of 10-7 M, determined a significant biomass accumulation, higher by more than 15% compared to untreated control, and improved the quantum yield efficiency of photosystem II. SL-F2 mimic, 5-(3,5-dibromophenoxy)-3-methyl-5H-furan-2-one (4), applied at a concentration of 10-9 M, improved protein production and slightly stimulated biomass accumulation. Potential utilization of the new strigolactone mimics as microalgae biostimulants is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Gabriela Popa
- Bioproducts Team, Bioresources Department, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței Nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (D.G.P.); (D.C.-A.)
- Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Bd. Mărăști Nr. 59, Sector 1, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florentina Georgescu
- Enpro Soctech Com., Str. Elefterie Nr. 51, Sector 5, 050524 Bucharest, Romania; (F.G.); (L.V.)
| | - Florea Dumitrascu
- “Costin D. Nenițescu” Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei Nr. 202B, Sector 6, 060023 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Sergiu Shova
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda Nr. 41-A, 700487 Iaşi, Romania;
| | - Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei
- Bioproducts Team, Bioresources Department, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței Nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (D.G.P.); (D.C.-A.)
| | - Constantin Draghici
- “Costin D. Nenițescu” Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Splaiul Independentei Nr. 202B, Sector 6, 060023 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Lucian Vladulescu
- Enpro Soctech Com., Str. Elefterie Nr. 51, Sector 5, 050524 Bucharest, Romania; (F.G.); (L.V.)
| | - Florin Oancea
- Bioproducts Team, Bioresources Department, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței Nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (D.G.P.); (D.C.-A.)
- Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Bd. Mărăști Nr. 59, Sector 1, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
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47
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Drummond RSM, Lee HW, Luo Z, Dakin JF, Janssen BJ, Snowden KC. Varying the expression pattern of the strigolactone receptor gene DAD2 results in phenotypes distinct from both wild type and knockout mutants. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1277617. [PMID: 37900765 PMCID: PMC10600376 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1277617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The action of the petunia strigolactone (SL) hormone receptor DAD2 is dependent not only on its interaction with the PhMAX2A and PhD53A proteins, but also on its expression patterns within the plant. Previously, in a yeast-2-hybrid system, we showed that a series of a single and double amino acid mutants of DAD2 had altered interactions with these binding partners. In this study, we tested the mutants in two plant systems, Arabidopsis and petunia. Testing in Arabidopsis was enabled by creating a CRISPR-Cas9 knockout mutant of the Arabidopsis strigolactone receptor (AtD14). We produced SL receptor activity in both systems using wild type and mutant genes; however, the mutants had functions largely indistinguishable from those of the wild type. The expression of the wild type DAD2 from the CaMV 35S promoter in dad2 petunia produced plants neither quite like the dad2 mutant nor the V26 wild type. These plants had greater height and leaf size although branch number and the plant shape remained more like those of the mutant. These traits may be valuable in the context of a restricted area growing system such as controlled environment agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revel S. M. Drummond
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | - Kimberley C. Snowden
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
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48
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Wang X, Li Z, Shi Y, Liu Z, Zhang X, Gong Z, Yang S. Strigolactones promote plant freezing tolerance by releasing the WRKY41-mediated inhibition of CBF/DREB1 expression. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112999. [PMID: 37622245 PMCID: PMC10548171 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold stress is a major abiotic stress that adversely affects plant growth and crop productivity. The C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR/DRE BINDING FACTOR 1 (CBF/DREB1) transcriptional regulatory cascade plays a key role in regulating cold acclimation and freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Here, we show that max (more axillary growth) mutants deficient in strigolactone biosynthesis and signaling display hypersensitivity to freezing stress. Exogenous application of GR245DS , a strigolactone analog, enhances freezing tolerance in wild-type plants and strigolactone-deficient mutants and promotes the cold-induced expression of CBF genes. Biochemical analysis showed that the transcription factor WRKY41 serves as a substrate for the F-box E3 ligase MAX2. WRKY41 directly binds to the W-box in the promoters of CBF genes and represses their expression, negatively regulating cold acclimation and freezing tolerance. MAX2 ubiquitinates WRKY41, thus marking it for cold-induced degradation and thereby alleviating the repression of CBF expression. In addition, SL-mediated degradation of SMXLs also contributes to enhanced plant freezing tolerance by promoting anthocyanin biosynthesis. Taken together, our study reveals the molecular mechanism underlying strigolactones promote the cold stress response in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhuoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yiting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ziyan Liu
- College of Plant Science and TechnologyBeijing University of AgricultureBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Shuhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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49
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Mongès A, Yaakoub H, Bidon B, Glévarec G, Héricourt F, Carpin S, Chauderon L, Drašarová L, Spíchal L, Binder BM, Papon N, Rochange S. Are Histidine Kinases of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Involved in the Response to Ethylene and Cytokinins? Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2023; 36:656-665. [PMID: 37851914 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-05-23-0056-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Signals are exchanged at all stages of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis between fungi and their host plants. Root-exuded strigolactones are well-known early symbiotic cues, but the role of other phytohormones as interkingdom signals has seldom been investigated. Here we focus on ethylene and cytokinins, for which candidate receptors have been identified in the genome of the AM fungus Rhizophagus irregularis. Ethylene is known from the literature to affect asymbiotic development of AM fungi, and in the present study, we found that three cytokinin forms could stimulate spore germination in R. irregularis. Heterologous complementation of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant strain with the candidate ethylene receptor RiHHK6 suggested that this protein can sense and transduce an ethylene signal. Accordingly, its N-terminal domain expressed in Pichia pastoris displayed saturable binding to radiolabeled ethylene. Thus, RiHHK6 displays the expected characteristics of an ethylene receptor. In contrast, the candidate cytokinin receptor RiHHK7 did not complement the S. cerevisiae mutant strain or Medicago truncatula cytokinin receptor mutants and seemed unable to bind cytokinins, suggesting that another receptor is involved in the perception of these phytohormones. Taken together, our results support the hypothesis that AM fungi respond to a range of phytohormones and that these compounds bear multiple functions in the rhizosphere beyond their known roles as internal plant developmental regulators. Our analysis of two phytohormone receptor candidates also sheds new light on the possible perception mechanisms in AM fungi. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla Mongès
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, INP Toulouse, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Hajar Yaakoub
- UNIV Angers, IRF, SFR 4208 ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France
| | | | - Gaëlle Glévarec
- EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - François Héricourt
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans, INRAE USC1328, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Sabine Carpin
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans, INRAE USC1328, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Lucie Chauderon
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, INP Toulouse, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Lenka Drašarová
- Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, 1083, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Spíchal
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc CZ-783 71, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Brad M Binder
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular & Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, U.S.A
| | - Nicolas Papon
- UNIV Angers, IRF, SFR 4208 ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France
| | - Soizic Rochange
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, INP Toulouse, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
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50
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Van Dingenen J, De Keyser A, Desmet S, Clarysse A, Beullens S, Michiels J, Planque M, Goormachtig S. Strigolactones repress nodule development and senescence in pea. Plant J 2023; 116:7-22. [PMID: 37608631 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones are a class of phytohormones that are involved in many different plant developmental processes, including the rhizobium-legume nodule symbiosis. Although both positive and negative effects of strigolactones on the number of nodules have been reported, the influence of strigolactones on nodule development is still unknown. Here, by means of the ramosus (rms) mutants of Pisum sativum (pea) cv Terese, we investigated the impact of strigolactone biosynthesis (rms1 and rms5) and signaling (rms3 and rms4) mutants on nodule growth. The rms mutants had more red, that is, functional, and larger nodules than the wild-type plants. Additionally, the increased nitrogen fixation and senescence zones with consequently reduced meristematic and infection zones indicated that the rms nodules developed faster than the wild-type nodules. An enhanced expression of the nodule zone-specific molecular markers for meristem activity and senescence supported the enlarged, fast maturing nodules. Interestingly, the master nodulation regulator, NODULE INCEPTION, NIN, was strongly induced in nodules of all rms mutants but not prior to inoculation. Determination of sugar levels with both bulk and spatial metabolomics in roots and nodules, respectively, hints at slightly increased malic acid levels early during nodule primordia formation and reduced sugar levels at later stages, possibly the consequence of an increased carbon usage of the enlarged nodules, contributing to the enhanced senescence. Taken together, these results suggest that strigolactones regulate the development of nodules, which is probably mediated through NIN, and available plant sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Van Dingenen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annick De Keyser
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandrien Desmet
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Metabolomics Core, VIB, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alexander Clarysse
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Serge Beullens
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Michiels
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mélanie Planque
- Spatial Metabolomics Expertise Center, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Goormachtig
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
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