1
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Roider E, Lakatos AIT, McConnell AM, Wang P, Mueller A, Kawakami A, Tsoi J, Szabolcs BL, Ascsillán AA, Suita Y, Igras V, Lo JA, Hsiao JJ, Lapides R, Pál DMP, Lengyel AS, Navarini A, Okazaki A, Iliopoulos O, Németh I, Graeber TG, Zon L, Giese RW, Kemeny LV, Fisher DE. MITF regulates IDH1, NNT, and a transcriptional program protecting melanoma from reactive oxygen species. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21527. [PMID: 39277608 PMCID: PMC11401838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is a master regulator of melanocyte function, development and plays a significant role in melanoma pathogenesis. MITF genomic amplification promotes melanoma development, and it can facilitate resistance to multiple therapies. Here, we show that MITF regulates a global antioxidant program that increases survival of melanoma cell lines by protecting the cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage. In addition, this redox program is correlated with MITF expression in human melanoma cell lines and patient-derived melanoma samples. Using a zebrafish melanoma model, we show that MITF decreases ROS-mediated DNA damage in vivo. Some of the MITF target genes involved, such as IDH1 and NNT, are regulated through direct MITF binding to canonical enhancer box (E-BOX) sequences proximal to their promoters. Utilizing functional experiments, we demonstrate the role of MITF and its target genes in reducing cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS. Collectively, our data identify MITF as a significant driver of the cellular antioxidant state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Roider
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Alexandra I T Lakatos
- HCEMM-SU Translational Dermatology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alicia M McConnell
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Massachusetts and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Poguang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and Barnett Institute, Bouve College, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alina Mueller
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Akinori Kawakami
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jennifer Tsoi
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA Metabolomics Center, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Botond L Szabolcs
- HCEMM-SU Translational Dermatology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna A Ascsillán
- HCEMM-SU Translational Dermatology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yusuke Suita
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Vivien Igras
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jennifer A Lo
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jennifer J Hsiao
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Rebecca Lapides
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Robert Larner, College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, USA
| | - Dorottya M P Pál
- HCEMM-SU Translational Dermatology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna S Lengyel
- HCEMM-SU Translational Dermatology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexander Navarini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arimichi Okazaki
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Othon Iliopoulos
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - István Németh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Thomas G Graeber
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA Metabolomics Center, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leonard Zon
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Massachusetts and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, USA
| | - Roger W Giese
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, and Barnett Institute, Bouve College, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lajos V Kemeny
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
- HCEMM-SU Translational Dermatology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - David E Fisher
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
- Lancer Professorship of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
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Nawa F, Sai M, Vietor J, Schwarzenbach R, Bitić A, Wolff S, Ildefeld N, Pabel J, Wein T, Marschner JA, Heering J, Merk D. Tuning RXR Modulators for PGC1α Recruitment. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39258574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
The molecular activation mechanism of the nuclear retinoid X receptors (RXRs) crucially involves ligand-induced corepressor release and coactivator recruitment which mediate transcriptional repression or activation. The ability of RXR to bind diverse coactivators suggests that a coregulator-selective modulation by ligands may open an avenue to tissue- or gene-selective RXR activation. Here, we identified strong induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α) binding to RXR by a synthetic agonist but not by the endogenous ligand 9-cis retinoic acid. Structure-guided diversification of this lead resulted in a set of three structurally related RXR agonists with different ability to promote PGC1α recruitment in cell-free and cellular context. These results demonstrate that selective modulation of coregulator recruitment to RXR can be achieved with molecular glues and potentially open new therapeutic opportunities by targeting the ligand-induced RXR-PGC1α interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Nawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Minh Sai
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Vietor
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Roman Schwarzenbach
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Anesa Bitić
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sina Wolff
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Niklas Ildefeld
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jörg Pabel
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Wein
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Julian A Marschner
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Heering
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Merk
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Moradi SY, Piri S, Shiri Varnamkhasti B, Piri S, Khirehgesh MR, Bishayee A, Casarcia N, Bishayee A. Phytochemicals regulate cancer metabolism through modulation of the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:1079. [PMID: 39223494 PMCID: PMC11368033 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the complex pathophysiological mechanisms involved in cancer progression and metastasis, current therapeutic approaches lack efficacy and have significant adverse effects. Therefore, it is essential to establish novel strategies for combating cancer. Phytochemicals, which possess multiple biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, immunomodulatory, antiproliferative, anti-angiogenesis, and antimetastatic properties, can regulate cancer progression and interfere in various stages of cancer development by suppressing various signaling pathways. METHODS The current systematic and comprehensive review was conducted based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) criteria, using electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct, until the end of December 2023. After excluding unrelated articles, 111 related articles were included in this systematic review. RESULTS In this current review, the major signaling pathways of cancer metabolism are highlighted with the promising anticancer role of phytochemicals. This was through their ability to regulate the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) signaling pathway. The AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cancer cell metabolism via targeting energy homeostasis and mitochondria biogenesis, glucose oxidation, and fatty acid oxidation, thereby generating ATP for cell growth. As a result, targeting this signaling pathway may represent a novel approach to cancer treatment. Accordingly, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, terpene/terpenoids, and miscellaneous phytochemicals have been introduced as promising anticancer agents by regulating the AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway. Novel delivery systems of phytochemicals targeting the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway in combating cancer are also highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Seyed Yahya Moradi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Sarina Piri
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Behrang Shiri Varnamkhasti
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Sana Piri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Khirehgesh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | | | - Nicolette Casarcia
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
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Bian Y, Chang X, Hu X, Li B, Song Y, Hu Z, Wang K, Wan X, Lu W. Exosomal CTHRC1 from cancer-associated fibroblasts facilitates endometrial cancer progression via ITGB3/FAK signaling pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35727. [PMID: 39229506 PMCID: PMC11369458 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The emerging tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and constantly evolving entity. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a vital component of the TME with diverse functions. They interact closely with cancer cells through reciprocal signaling and play a crucial role in tumor progression. Exosomes, which contain diverse biological information, are identified as an important mediator of cell-cell communication. This study aimed to investigate how CAF-derived exosomes promote metastasis of endometrial cancer (EC). Our findings revealed that CAF-derived exosomes significantly enhanced EC cell proliferation and migration compared to normal fibroblast-derived exosomes. Quantitative proteomics analysis of CAF/NF-derived exosomes demonstrated differential expression of CTHRC1, a protein overexpressed in multiple tumors, promoting cancer progression through enhanced cell migration and invasion. Exosomal overload of CTHRC1 significantly contributes to EC cell migration. Mechanically, we determined that ITGB3 was immunoprecipitated by CTHRC1 and phosphorylated FAK on Tyr397, which was important for exosomal CTHRC1 mediated migratory ability of EC cells. Overexpression of CTHRC1 in secreted exosomes promotes the metastatic ability of EC cells in mouse models and may be eliminated by Defactinib, an inhibitor of FAK Tyr397 phosphorylation. Moreover, overexpression of CTHRC1 was increased in EC patients, elevating with cancer progression, and correlated with negative tumor prognosis. Our results revealed that CAF mediated endometrial cancer progression is related to high levels of CTHRC1 and exosomal CTHRC1 derived from CAF may be a promising therapeutic strategy for metastatic endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiding Bian
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinwen Chang
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bilan Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfeng Song
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyi Hu
- Clinical and Translational Research Centre, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Clinical and Translational Research Centre, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Wan
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Lu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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5
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Chen B, Deng Y, Ren X, Zhao J, Jiang C. CRISPR/Cas9 screening: unraveling cancer immunotherapy's 'Rosetta Stone'. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:736-749. [PMID: 38763850 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based technology, a powerful toolset for the unbiased functional genomic screening of biological processes, has facilitated several scientific breakthroughs in the biomedical field. Cancer immunotherapy has advanced the treatment of numerous malignancies that previously had restricted treatment options or unfavorable outcomes. In the realm of cancer immunotherapy, the application of CRISPR/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9)-based genetic perturbation screening has enabled the identification of genes, biomarkers, and signaling pathways that govern various cancer immunoreactivities, as well as the development of effective immunotherapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize the advances in CRISPR/Cas9-based screening for cancer immunotherapy and outline the immunotherapeutic targets identified via CRISPR screening based on cancer-type classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxiang Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Yanrong Deng
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xianghai Ren
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jianhong Zhao
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Congqing Jiang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Clinical Center of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases of Hubei Province, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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6
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Zunica ERM, Axelrod CL, Gilmore LA, Gnaiger E, Kirwan JP. The bioenergetic landscape of cancer. Mol Metab 2024; 86:101966. [PMID: 38876266 PMCID: PMC11259816 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioenergetic remodeling of core energy metabolism is essential to the initiation, survival, and progression of cancer cells through exergonic supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and metabolic intermediates, as well as control of redox homeostasis. Mitochondria are evolutionarily conserved organelles that mediate cell survival by conferring energetic plasticity and adaptive potential. Mitochondrial ATP synthesis is coupled to the oxidation of a variety of substrates generated through diverse metabolic pathways. As such, inhibition of the mitochondrial bioenergetic system by restricting metabolite availability, direct inhibition of the respiratory Complexes, altering organelle structure, or coupling efficiency may restrict carcinogenic potential and cancer progression. SCOPE OF REVIEW Here, we review the role of bioenergetics as the principal conductor of energetic functions and carcinogenesis while highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting mitochondrial functions. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial bioenergetics significantly contribute to cancer initiation and survival. As a result, therapies designed to limit oxidative efficiency may reduce tumor burden and enhance the efficacy of currently available antineoplastic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R M Zunica
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Christopher L Axelrod
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - L Anne Gilmore
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | | | - John P Kirwan
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA.
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7
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Varuzhanyan G, Chen CC, Freeland J, He T, Tran W, Song K, Wang L, Cheng D, Xu S, Dibernardo GA, Esedebe FN, Bhatia V, Han M, Abt ER, Park JW, Memarzadeh S, Shackelford D, Lee JK, Graeber T, Shirihai O, Witte O. PGC-1α drives small cell neuroendocrine cancer progression towards an ASCL1-expressing subtype with increased mitochondrial capacity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.09.588489. [PMID: 38645232 PMCID: PMC11030384 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.09.588489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Adenocarcinomas from multiple tissues can evolve into lethal, treatment-resistant small cell neuroendocrine (SCN) cancers comprising multiple subtypes with poorly defined metabolic characteristics. The role of metabolism in directly driving subtype determination remains unclear. Through bioinformatics analyses of thousands of patient tumors, we identified enhanced PGC-1α-a potent regulator of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-in various SCN cancers (SCNCs), closely linked with neuroendocrine differentiation. In a patient-derived prostate tissue SCNC transformation system, the ASCL1-expressing neuroendocrine subtype showed elevated PGC-1α expression and increased OXPHOS activity. Inhibition of PGC-1α and OXPHOS reduced the proliferation of SCN lung and prostate cancer cell lines and blocked SCN prostate tumor formation. Conversely, enhancing PGC- 1α and OXPHOS, validated by small-animal Positron Emission Tomography mitochondrial imaging, tripled the SCN prostate tumor formation rate and promoted commitment to the ASCL1 lineage. These results establish PGC-1α as a driver of SCNC progression and subtype determination, highlighting novel metabolic vulnerabilities in SCNCs across different tissues. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Our study provides functional evidence that metabolic reprogramming can directly impact cancer phenotypes and establishes PGC-1α-induced mitochondrial metabolism as a driver of SCNC progression and lineage determination. These mechanistic insights reveal common metabolic vulnerabilities across SCNCs originating from multiple tissues, opening new avenues for pan-SCN cancer therapeutic strategies.
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8
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Yu D, Liang J, Widlund HR, Puigserver P. Feedforward cysteine regulation maintains melanoma differentiation state and limits metastatic spread. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114484. [PMID: 38990725 PMCID: PMC11316253 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The inherent ability of melanoma cells to alter the differentiation-associated transcriptional repertoire to evade treatment and facilitate metastatic spread is well accepted and has been termed phenotypic switching. However, how these facets of cellular behavior are controlled remains largely elusive. Here, we show that cysteine availability, whether from lysosomes (CTNS-dependent) or exogenously derived (SLC7A11-dependent or as N-acetylcysteine), controls melanoma differentiation-associated pathways by acting on the melanocyte master regulator MITF. Functional data indicate that low cysteine availability reduces MITF levels and impairs lysosome functions, which affects tumor ferroptosis sensitivity but improves metastatic spread in vivo. Mechanistically, cysteine-restrictive conditions reduce acetyl-CoA levels to decrease p300-mediated H3K27 acetylation at the melanocyte-restricted MITF promoter, thus forming a cysteine feedforward regulation that controls MITF levels and downstream lysosome functions. These findings collectively suggest that cysteine homeostasis governs melanoma differentiation by maintaining MITF levels and lysosome functions, which protect against ferroptosis and limit metastatic spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyang Yu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jiaxin Liang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hans R Widlund
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Pere Puigserver
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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9
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Park BS, Jeon H, Kim Y, Kwon H, Choi GE, Chi SG, Park HM, Lee H, Kim T. Polyamine and EIF5A hypusination downstream of c-Myc confers targeted therapy resistance in BRAF mutant melanoma. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:136. [PMID: 38965534 PMCID: PMC11223307 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02031-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRAF inhibitors are widely employed in the treatment of melanoma with the BRAF V600E mutation. However, the development of resistance compromises their therapeutic efficacy. Diverse genomic and transcriptomic alterations are found in BRAF inhibitor resistant melanoma, posing a pressing need for convergent, druggable target that reverse therapy resistant tumor with different resistance mechanisms. METHODS CRISPR-Cas9 screens were performed to identify novel target gene whose inhibition selectively targets A375VR, a BRAF V600E mutant cell line with acquired resistance to vemurafenib. Various in vitro and in vivo assays, including cell competition assay, water soluble tetrazolium (WST) assay, live-dead assay and xenograft assay were performed to confirm synergistic cell death. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analyses quantified polyamine biosynthesis and changes in proteome in vemurafenib resistant melanoma. EIF5A hypusination dependent protein translation and subsequent changes in mitochondrial biogenesis and activity were assayed by O-propargyl-puromycin labeling assay, mitotracker, mitoSOX labeling and seahorse assay. Bioinformatics analyses were used to identify the association of polyamine biosynthesis with BRAF inhibitor resistance and poor prognosis in melanoma patient cohorts. RESULTS We elucidate the role of polyamine biosynthesis and its regulatory mechanisms in promoting BRAF inhibitor resistance. Leveraging CRISPR-Cas9 screens, we identify AMD1 (S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase 1), a critical enzyme for polyamine biosynthesis, as a druggable target whose inhibition reduces vemurafenib resistance. Metabolomic and proteomic analyses reveal that polyamine biosynthesis is upregulated in vemurafenib-resistant cancer, resulting in enhanced EIF5A hypusination, translation of mitochondrial proteins and oxidative phosphorylation. We also identify that sustained c-Myc levels in vemurafenib-resistant cancer are responsible for elevated polyamine biosynthesis. Inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis or c-Myc reversed vemurafenib resistance both in vitro cell line models and in vivo in a xenograft model. Polyamine biosynthesis signature is associated with poor prognosis and shorter progression free survival after BRAF/MAPK inhibitor treatment in melanoma cohorts, highlighting the clinical relevance of our findings. CONCLUSIONS Our findings delineate the molecular mechanisms involving polyamine-EIF5A hypusination-mitochondrial respiration pathway conferring BRAF inhibitor resistance in melanoma. These targets will serve as effective therapeutic targets that can maximize the therapeutic efficacy of existing BRAF inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Sun Park
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro-14-Gil, SeongbukGu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 AnamRo, SeongbukGu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeju Jeon
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro-14-Gil, SeongbukGu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 AnamRo, SeongbukGu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonseo Kim
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro- 14-Gil, SeongbukGu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Haejin Kwon
- Advanced Analysis and Data Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro-14-Gil, SeongbukGu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Eun Choi
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro-14-Gil, SeongbukGu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gil Chi
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 AnamRo, SeongbukGu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Mee Park
- Advanced Analysis and Data Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro-14-Gil, SeongbukGu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbeom Lee
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro- 14-Gil, SeongbukGu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Tackhoon Kim
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarangro-14-Gil, SeongbukGu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, 145 AnamRo, SeongbukGu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, Korea University of Science and Technology, 217 GajeongRo YuseongGu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Yang D, Peng M, Fu F, Zhao W, Zhang B. Diosmetin ameliorates psoriasis-associated inflammation and keratinocyte hyperproliferation by modulation of PGC-1α / YAP signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112248. [PMID: 38749332 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis, characterized by aberrant epidermal keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, is a chronic inflammatory immune-related skin disease. Diosmetin (Dios), derived from citrus fruits, exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties. In this study, IL-17A-induced HaCaT cell model and Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model were utilized to investigate the effects of Dios against psoriasis. The morphology and biomarkers of psoriasis were regarded as the preliminary evaluation including PASI score, skin thickness, H&E staining, EdU staining and inflammatory factors. Transcriptomics analysis revealed PGC-1α as a key target for Dios in ameliorating psoriasis. Specifically, Dios, through PGC-1α, suppressed YAP-mediated proliferation and inflammatory responses in psoriatic keratinocytes. In conclusion, Dios shows promise in psoriasis treatment and holds potential for development as targeted medications for application in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dailin Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Mingwei Peng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Fengping Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Baoshun Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China.
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11
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Zhang YW, Gvozdenovic A, Aceto N. A Molecular Voyage: Multiomics Insights into Circulating Tumor Cells. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:920-933. [PMID: 38581442 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-24-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a pivotal role in metastasis, the leading cause of cancer-associated death. Recent improvements of CTC isolation tools, coupled with a steady development of multiomics technologies at single-cell resolution, have enabled an extensive exploration of CTC biology, unlocking insights into their molecular profiles. A detailed molecular portrait requires CTC interrogation across various levels encompassing genomic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolic features. Here, we review how state-of-the-art multiomics applied to CTCs are shedding light on how cancer spreads. Further, we highlight the potential implications of CTC profiling for clinical applications aimed at enhancing cancer diagnosis and treatment. SIGNIFICANCE Exploring the complexity of cancer progression through cutting-edge multiomics studies holds the promise of uncovering novel aspects of cancer biology and identifying therapeutic vulnerabilities to suppress metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wei Zhang
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Gvozdenovic
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Aceto
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland
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12
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Praharaj PP, Patra S, Singh A, Panigrahi DP, Lee HY, Kabir MF, Hossain MK, Patra SK, Patro BS, Patil S, Klionsky DJ, Chae HJ, Bhutia SK. CLU (clusterin) and PPARGC1A/PGC1α coordinately control mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis for oral cancer cell survival. Autophagy 2024; 20:1359-1382. [PMID: 38447939 PMCID: PMC11210931 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2309904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy involves the selective elimination of defective mitochondria during chemotherapeutic stress to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis and sustain cancer growth. Here, we showed that CLU (clusterin) is localized to mitochondria to induce mitophagy controlling mitochondrial damage in oral cancer cells. Moreover, overexpression and knockdown of CLU establish its mitophagy-specific role, where CLU acts as an adaptor protein that coordinately interacts with BAX and LC3 recruiting autophagic machinery around damaged mitochondria in response to cisplatin treatment. Interestingly, CLU triggers class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns3K) activity around damaged mitochondria, and inhibition of mitophagic flux causes the accumulation of excessive mitophagosomes resulting in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent apoptosis during cisplatin treatment in oral cancer cells. In parallel, we determined that PPARGC1A/PGC1α (PPARG coactivator 1 alpha) activates mitochondrial biogenesis during CLU-induced mitophagy to maintain the mitochondrial pool. Intriguingly, PPARGC1A inhibition through small interfering RNA (siPPARGC1A) and pharmacological inhibitor (SR-18292) treatment counteracts CLU-dependent cytoprotection leading to mitophagy-associated cell death. Furthermore, co-treatment of SR-18292 with cisplatin synergistically suppresses tumor growth in oral cancer xenograft models. In conclusion, CLU and PPARGC1A are essential for sustained cancer cell growth by activating mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, respectively, and their inhibition could provide better therapeutic benefits against oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash P. Praharaj
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Srimanta Patra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Amruta Singh
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Debasna P. Panigrahi
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Hwa Y. Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad F. Kabir
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad K. Hossain
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Samir K. Patra
- Laboratory of epigenetics, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Birija S. Patro
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, USA
| | - Daniel J. Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Han J. Chae
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujit K. Bhutia
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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13
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Merteroglu M, Santoro MM. Exploiting the metabolic vulnerability of circulating tumour cells. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:541-556. [PMID: 38580535 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis has a major part in the severity of disease and lethality of cancer. Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) represent a reservoir of metastatic precursors in circulation, most of which cannot survive due to hostile conditions in the bloodstream. Surviving cells colonise a secondary site based on a combination of physical, metabolic, and oxidative stress protection states required for that environment. Recent advances in CTC isolation methods and high-resolution 'omics technologies are revealing specific metabolic pathways that support this selection of CTCs. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of CTC biology and discoveries of adaptations in metabolic pathways during their selection. Understanding these traits and delineating mechanisms by which they confer acquired resistance or vulnerability in CTCs is crucial for developing successful prognostic and therapeutic strategies in cancer.
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14
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Kook E, Kim DH. Elucidating the Role of Lipid-Metabolism-Related Signal Transduction and Inhibitors in Skin Cancer. Metabolites 2024; 14:309. [PMID: 38921444 PMCID: PMC11205519 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipids, as multifunctional molecules, play a crucial role in a variety of cellular processes. These include regulating membrane glycoprotein functions, controlling membrane trafficking, influencing apoptotic pathways, and affecting drug transport. In addition, lipid metabolites can alter the surrounding microenvironment in ways that might encourage tumor progression. The reprogramming of lipid metabolism is pivotal in promoting tumorigenesis and cancer progression, with tumors often displaying significant changes in lipid profiles. This review concentrates on the essential factors that drive lipid metabolic reprogramming, which contributes to the advancement and drug resistance in melanoma. Moreover, we discuss recent advances and current therapeutic strategies that employ small-molecule inhibitors to target lipid metabolism in skin cancers, particularly those associated with inflammation and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Do-Hee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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15
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Wang Y, Peng J, Yang D, Xing Z, Jiang B, Ding X, Jiang C, Ouyang B, Su L. From metabolism to malignancy: the multifaceted role of PGC1α in cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1383809. [PMID: 38774408 PMCID: PMC11106418 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1383809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PGC1α, a central player in mitochondrial biology, holds a complex role in the metabolic shifts seen in cancer cells. While its dysregulation is common across major cancers, its impact varies. In some cases, downregulation promotes aerobic glycolysis and progression, whereas in others, overexpression escalates respiration and aggression. PGC1α's interactions with distinct signaling pathways and transcription factors further diversify its roles, often in a tissue-specific manner. Understanding these multifaceted functions could unlock innovative therapeutic strategies. However, challenges exist in managing the metabolic adaptability of cancer cells and refining PGC1α-targeted approaches. This review aims to collate and present the current knowledge on the expression patterns, regulators, binding partners, and roles of PGC1α in diverse cancers. We examined PGC1α's tissue-specific functions and elucidated its dual nature as both a potential tumor suppressor and an oncogenic collaborator. In cancers where PGC1α is tumor-suppressive, reinstating its levels could halt cell proliferation and invasion, and make the cells more receptive to chemotherapy. In cancers where the opposite is true, halting PGC1α's upregulation can be beneficial as it promotes oxidative phosphorylation, allows cancer cells to adapt to stress, and promotes a more aggressive cancer phenotype. Thus, to target PGC1α effectively, understanding its nuanced role in each cancer subtype is indispensable. This can pave the way for significant strides in the field of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianing Peng
- Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dengyuan Yang
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongjie Xing
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Ding
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaoyu Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Ouyang
- Department of Surgery, Nanjing Central Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Su
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Guo M, Zhang J, Han J, Hu Y, Ni H, Yuan J, Sun Y, Liu M, Gao L, Liao W, Ma C, Liu Y, Li S, Li N. VEGFR2 blockade inhibits glioblastoma cell proliferation by enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis. J Transl Med 2024; 22:419. [PMID: 38702818 PMCID: PMC11067099 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is an aggressive brain tumor linked to significant angiogenesis and poor prognosis. Anti-angiogenic therapies with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) inhibition have been investigated as an alternative glioblastoma treatment. However, little is known about the effect of VEGFR2 blockade on glioblastoma cells per se. METHODS VEGFR2 expression data in glioma patients were retrieved from the public database TCGA. VEGFR2 intervention was implemented by using its selective inhibitor Ki8751 or shRNA. Mitochondrial biogenesis of glioblastoma cells was assessed by immunofluorescence imaging, mass spectrometry, and western blot analysis. RESULTS VEGFR2 expression was higher in glioma patients with higher malignancy (grade III and IV). VEGFR2 inhibition hampered glioblastoma cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. Mass spectrometry and immunofluorescence imaging showed that the anti-glioblastoma effects of VEGFR2 blockade involved mitochondrial biogenesis, as evidenced by the increases of mitochondrial protein expression, mitochondria mass, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, all of which play important roles in tumor cell apoptosis, growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and cell senescence. Furthermore, VEGFR2 inhibition exaggerated mitochondrial biogenesis by decreased phosphorylation of AKT and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α), which mobilized PGC1α into the nucleus, increased mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) expression, and subsequently enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis. CONCLUSIONS VEGFR2 blockade inhibits glioblastoma progression via AKT-PGC1α-TFAM-mitochondria biogenesis signaling cascade, suggesting that VEGFR2 intervention might bring additive therapeutic values to anti-glioblastoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Guo
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Junhao Zhang
- Department of Medicine-Solna, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Han
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (NKLFZCD), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingyue Hu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (NKLFZCD), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Ni
- Department of Medicine-Solna, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Juan Yuan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Immunology and Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory, Shandong University Cheeloo Medical College, School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Meijuan Liu
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (NKLFZCD), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lifen Gao
- Department of Immunology and Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory, Shandong University Cheeloo Medical College, School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhong Ma
- Department of Immunology and Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet Collaborative Laboratory, Shandong University Cheeloo Medical College, School of Basic Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yaou Liu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuijie Li
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences and National Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (NKLFZCD), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Nailin Li
- Department of Medicine-Solna, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
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17
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Cheng YW, Lee JH, Chang CH, Tseng TT, Chai CY, Lieu AS, Kwan AL. High PGC-1α Expression as a Poor Prognostic Indicator in Intracranial Glioma. Biomedicines 2024; 12:979. [PMID: 38790941 PMCID: PMC11117502 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. Despite multidisciplinary treatment approaches, the survival rates for patients with malignant glioma have only improved marginally, and few prognostic biomarkers have been identified. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a crucial regulator of cancer metabolism, playing a vital role in cancer cell adaptation to fluctuating energy demands. In this study, the clinicopathological roles of PGC-1α in gliomas were evaluated. Employing immunohistochemistry, cell culture, siRNA transfection, cell viability assays, western blot analyses, and in vitro and in vivo invasion and migration assays, we explored the functions of PGC-1α in glioma progression. High PGC-1α expression was significantly associated with an advanced pathological stage in patients with glioma and with poorer overall survival. The downregulation of PGC-1α inhibited glioma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and altered the expression of oncogenic markers. These results conclusively demonstrated that PGC-1α plays a critical role in maintaining the malignant phenotype of glioma cells and indicated that targeting PGC-1α could be an effective strategy to curb glioma progression and improve patient survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Jia-Hau Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Hui Chang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (T.-T.T.)
| | - Tzu-Ting Tseng
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (T.-T.T.)
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ann-Shung Lieu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (T.-T.T.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Aij-Lie Kwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (T.-T.T.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 23806, USA
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18
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Qian L, Zhu Y, Deng C, Liang Z, Chen J, Chen Y, Wang X, Liu Y, Tian Y, Yang Y. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1) family in physiological and pathophysiological process and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:50. [PMID: 38424050 PMCID: PMC10904817 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01756-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1) family (PGC-1s), consisting of three members encompassing PGC-1α, PGC-1β, and PGC-1-related coactivator (PRC), was discovered more than a quarter-century ago. PGC-1s are essential coordinators of many vital cellular events, including mitochondrial functions, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis, and inflammation. Accumulating evidence has shown that PGC-1s are implicated in many diseases, such as cancers, cardiac diseases and cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, kidney diseases, motor system diseases, and metabolic disorders. Examining the upstream modulators and co-activated partners of PGC-1s and identifying critical biological events modulated by downstream effectors of PGC-1s contribute to the presentation of the elaborate network of PGC-1s. Furthermore, discussing the correlation between PGC-1s and diseases as well as summarizing the therapy targeting PGC-1s helps make individualized and precise intervention methods. In this review, we summarize basic knowledge regarding the PGC-1s family as well as the molecular regulatory network, discuss the physio-pathological roles of PGC-1s in human diseases, review the application of PGC-1s, including the diagnostic and prognostic value of PGC-1s and several therapies in pre-clinical studies, and suggest several directions for future investigations. This review presents the immense potential of targeting PGC-1s in the treatment of diseases and hopefully facilitates the promotion of PGC-1s as new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yanli Zhu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhenxing Liang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Junmin Chen
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710021, China.
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research for Heart Failure, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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19
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Pozniak J, Pedri D, Landeloos E, Van Herck Y, Antoranz A, Vanwynsberghe L, Nowosad A, Roda N, Makhzami S, Bervoets G, Maciel LF, Pulido-Vicuña CA, Pollaris L, Seurinck R, Zhao F, Flem-Karlsen K, Damsky W, Chen L, Karagianni D, Cinque S, Kint S, Vandereyken K, Rombaut B, Voet T, Vernaillen F, Annaert W, Lambrechts D, Boecxstaens V, Saeys Y, van den Oord J, Bosisio F, Karras P, Shain AH, Bosenberg M, Leucci E, Paschen A, Rambow F, Bechter O, Marine JC. A TCF4-dependent gene regulatory network confers resistance to immunotherapy in melanoma. Cell 2024; 187:166-183.e25. [PMID: 38181739 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
To better understand intrinsic resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), we established a comprehensive view of the cellular architecture of the treatment-naive melanoma ecosystem and studied its evolution under ICB. Using single-cell, spatial multi-omics, we showed that the tumor microenvironment promotes the emergence of a complex melanoma transcriptomic landscape. Melanoma cells harboring a mesenchymal-like (MES) state, a population known to confer resistance to targeted therapy, were significantly enriched in early on-treatment biopsies from non-responders to ICB. TCF4 serves as the hub of this landscape by being a master regulator of the MES signature and a suppressor of the melanocytic and antigen presentation transcriptional programs. Targeting TCF4 genetically or pharmacologically, using a bromodomain inhibitor, increased immunogenicity and sensitivity of MES cells to ICB and targeted therapy. We thereby uncovered a TCF4-dependent regulatory network that orchestrates multiple transcriptional programs and contributes to resistance to both targeted therapy and ICB in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pozniak
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Dennis Pedri
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Membrane Trafficking, Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ewout Landeloos
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of General Medical Oncology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Asier Antoranz
- Laboratory of Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven and UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lukas Vanwynsberghe
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ada Nowosad
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Niccolò Roda
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Samira Makhzami
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet Bervoets
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucas Ferreira Maciel
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carlos Ariel Pulido-Vicuña
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lotte Pollaris
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine Group, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ruth Seurinck
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine Group, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fang Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Immunology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Karine Flem-Karlsen
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University, 15 York Street, New Haven, CT 05610, USA
| | - William Damsky
- Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Yale University, 15 York Street, New Haven, CT 05610, USA
| | - Limin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Despoina Karagianni
- Immune Regulation and Tumor Immunotherapy Group, Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Sonia Cinque
- Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sam Kint
- Laboratory of Reproductive Genomics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Institute for Single Cell Omics (LISCO), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katy Vandereyken
- Laboratory of Reproductive Genomics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Institute for Single Cell Omics (LISCO), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Rombaut
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine Group, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thierry Voet
- Laboratory of Reproductive Genomics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Institute for Single Cell Omics (LISCO), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Wim Annaert
- Laboratory for Membrane Trafficking, Center for Brain and Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Yvan Saeys
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine Group, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joost van den Oord
- Laboratory of Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Pathology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Francesca Bosisio
- Laboratory of Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Pathology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Panagiotis Karras
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Hunter Shain
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marcus Bosenberg
- Departments of Dermatology, Pathology and Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 05610, USA
| | - Eleonora Leucci
- Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annette Paschen
- Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Immunology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Florian Rambow
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Applied Computational Cancer Research, Institute for AI in Medicine (IKIM), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Oliver Bechter
- Department of General Medical Oncology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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20
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Fontana F, Macchi C, Anselmi M, Rizzuto AS, Ruscica M, Limonta P. PGC1-α-driven mitochondrial biogenesis contributes to a cancer stem cell phenotype in melanoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166897. [PMID: 37758066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the metabolic regulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in melanoma. Here, we used A375 and WM115 cell lines to dissect the role of mitochondria in conferring CSC traits. Notably, we observed that A375 and WM115 melanospheres, known to be enriched in ABCG2+ CSCs, showed higher mitochondrial mass compared with their adherent counterpart. In particular, they displayed increased PGC1-α expression and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex levels, leading to a metabolic switch characterized by enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen consumption, ATP synthesis and ROS production. Interestingly, PGC1-α silencing resulted in the suppression of CSC features, including clonogenic ability, migration, spheroid formation and ABCG2 enrichment. Similarly, XCT790 and SR-18292, two PGC1-α inhibitors, were able not only to reduce melanoma tumorigenicity and invasion but also to block melanosphere growth and propagation and ABCG2+ cell proliferation. In conclusion, improved mitochondrial biogenesis is associated with a stem-like phenotype in melanoma, and therapeutically targeting the mitochondria-enriched CSC subpopulation might overcome tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Fontana
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Macchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Anselmi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Diseases, Foundation IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Limonta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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21
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Roider E, Lakatos AIT, McConnell AM, Wang P, Mueller A, Kawakami A, Tsoi J, Szabolcs BL, Ascsillán AA, Suita Y, Igras V, Lo JA, Hsiao JJ, Lapides R, Pál DMP, Lengyel AS, Navarini A, Okazaki A, Iliopoulos O, Németh I, Graeber TG, Zon L, Giese RW, Kemeny LV, Fisher DE. MITF regulates IDH1 and NNT and drives a transcriptional program protecting cutaneous melanoma from reactive oxygen species. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.10.564582. [PMID: 38014031 PMCID: PMC10680652 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.10.564582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) plays pivotal roles in melanocyte development, function, and melanoma pathogenesis. MITF amplification occurs in melanoma and has been associated with resistance to targeted therapies. Here, we show that MITF regulates a global antioxidant program that increases survival of melanoma cell lines by protecting the cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage. In addition, this redox program is correlated with MITF expression in human melanoma cell lines and patient-derived melanoma samples. Using a zebrafish melanoma model, we show that MITF decreases ROS-mediated DNA damage in vivo . Some of the MITF target genes involved, such as IDH1 and NNT , are regulated through direct MITF binding to canonical enhancer box (E-BOX) sequences proximal to their promoters. Utilizing functional experiments, we demonstrate the role of MITF and its target genes in reducing cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS. Collectively, our data identify MITF as a significant driver of the cellular antioxidant state. One Sentence Summary MITF promote melanoma survival via increasing ROS tolerance.
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22
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Tanouti IA, Fellah H, El Fihry R, Zerrad C, Abounouh K, Tahiri M, Belkouchi A, Badre W, Pineau P, Benjelloun S, Ezzikouri S. Association of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1 Alpha Coding Variants with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk in the Moroccan Population: A Case-Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:3689-3696. [PMID: 38019226 PMCID: PMC10772742 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.11.3689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A) plays a crucial role in regulating the biogenesis of mitochondria. We aimed to assess the association between PPARGC1A polymorphisms and HCC risk in a Moroccan population. METHODS In this case-control study, 147 patients with HCC and 147 controls without pre-existing liver disease were matched for ethnicity. TaqMan SNP allelic discrimination assays were used for genotyping of PPARGC1A rs8192678 and rs12640088 polymorphisms. RESULTS The result revealed that individuals with the GA/AA genotypes for rs8192678 had a significantly higher risk of HCC compared to those with the GG genotype (OR=6.68; P<0.0001, and OR=9.78; P<0.0001, respectively). In particular, the A allele of rs8192678 was over-represented in HCC patients compared to controls (40% versus 12%, P<0.0001, respectively). With respect to PPARGC1A rs12640088 variant, two genetic models (codominant and dominant) were tested to explore any potential variations in the distribution of SNP A>C among HCC cases and control subjects group. Overall, no significant association between rs12640088 and HCC was found (P>0.05). Interestingly, a significantly higher level of aspartate aminotransferase was observed in HCC patients with GG-GA genotypes (280 IU/L) compared to those with GG genotype (164 IU/L) at rs8192678 (P=0.0019). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the PPARGC1A rs8192678 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of HCC in Moroccan population and may serve as a prognostic marker for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram-Allah Tanouti
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco.
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology Infectious Diseases and Systemic Immunology Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - Hassan Fellah
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology Infectious Diseases and Systemic Immunology Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - Raouia El Fihry
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - Chaimaa Zerrad
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - Karima Abounouh
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco.
| | | | | | | | | | - Soumaya Benjelloun
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - Sayeh Ezzikouri
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco.
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23
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Tian Y, Zhou J, Chai X, Ping Z, Zhao Y, Xu X, Luo C, Sheng J. TCF12 Activates TGFB2 Expression to Promote the Malignant Progression of Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4505. [PMID: 37760480 PMCID: PMC10527220 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most common malignant tumors, melanoma is a serious threat to human health. More than half of melanoma patients have a BRAF mutation, and 90% of them have a BRAF(V600E) mutation. There is a targeted therapy for patients using a BRAF(V600E) inhibitor. However, no response to treatment is generally inevitable due to the heterogeneity of melanoma. Coupled with its high metastatic character, melanoma ultimately leads to poor overall survival. This study aimed to explore the possible mechanisms of melanoma metastasis and identify a more effective method for the treatment of melanoma. In this paper, we report that TCF12 expression is higher in melanoma, especially in metastatic tumors, through analyzing data from TCGA. Then, cell proliferation, colony formation, and transwell assays show that the upregulated expression of TCF12 can promote proliferation and metastasis of melanoma cells in vitro. The same result is confirmed in the subcutaneous tumor formation assay. Moreover, TGFB2 is identified as a direct downstream target of TCF12 by RNA-seq, qPCR, immunoblotting, ChIP, and a dual luciferase reporting assay. Interestingly, depletion of TCF12 can sensitize melanoma to BRAF inhibition both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our results demonstrate that TCF12 promotes melanoma progression and can be a potential tumor therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjia Tian
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; (Y.T.); (X.C.); (Z.P.); (Y.Z.); (X.X.)
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Xinxin Chai
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; (Y.T.); (X.C.); (Z.P.); (Y.Z.); (X.X.)
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Zejun Ping
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; (Y.T.); (X.C.); (Z.P.); (Y.Z.); (X.X.)
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yurong Zhao
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; (Y.T.); (X.C.); (Z.P.); (Y.Z.); (X.X.)
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; (Y.T.); (X.C.); (Z.P.); (Y.Z.); (X.X.)
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Chi Luo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinghao Sheng
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; (Y.T.); (X.C.); (Z.P.); (Y.Z.); (X.X.)
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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24
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Chen W, Zhang Q, Dai X, Chen X, Zhang C, Bai R, Chen Y, Zhang K, Duan X, Qiao Y, Zhao J, Tian F, Liu K, Dong Z, Lu J. PGC-1α promotes colorectal carcinoma metastasis through regulating ABCA1 transcription. Oncogene 2023; 42:2456-2470. [PMID: 37400530 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02762-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly aggressive cancer in which metastasis plays a key role. However, the mechanisms underlying metastasis have not been fully elucidated. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), a regulator of mitochondrial function, has been reported as a complicated factor in cancer. In this study, we found that PGC-1α was highly expressed in CRC tissues and was positively correlated with lymph node and liver metastasis. Subsequently, PGC-1α knockdown was shown to inhibit CRC growth and metastasis in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that PGC-1α regulated ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1) mediated cholesterol efflux. Mechanistically, PGC-1α interacted with YY1 to promote ABCA1 transcription, resulting in cholesterol efflux, which subsequently promoted CRC metastasis through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, the study identified the natural compound isoliquiritigenin (ISL) as an inhibitor that targeted ABCA1 and significantly reduced CRC metastasis induced by PGC-1α. Overall, this study sheds light on how PGC-1α promotes CRC metastasis by regulating ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux, providing a basis for further research to inhibit CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Qiushuang Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoshuo Dai
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xinhuan Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Chengjuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450003, P. R. China
| | - Ruihua Bai
- Department of Pathology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450003, P. R. China
| | - Yihuan Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxuan Duan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yan Qiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Jimin Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Fang Tian
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Ziming Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, P. R. China.
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25
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Liang J, Yu D, Luo C, Bennett C, Jedrychowski M, Gygi SP, Widlund HR, Puigserver P. Epigenetic suppression of PGC1α (PPARGC1A) causes collateral sensitivity to HMGCR-inhibitors within BRAF-treatment resistant melanomas. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3251. [PMID: 37277330 PMCID: PMC10241879 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38968-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While targeted treatment against BRAF(V600E) improve survival for melanoma patients, many will see their cancer recur. Here we provide data indicating that epigenetic suppression of PGC1α defines an aggressive subset of chronic BRAF-inhibitor treated melanomas. A metabolism-centered pharmacological screen further identifies statins (HMGCR inhibitors) as a collateral vulnerability within PGC1α-suppressed BRAF-inhibitor resistant melanomas. Lower PGC1α levels mechanistically causes reduced RAB6B and RAB27A expression, whereby their combined re-expression reverses statin vulnerability. BRAF-inhibitor resistant cells with reduced PGC1α have increased integrin-FAK signaling and improved extracellular matrix detached survival cues that helps explain their increased metastatic ability. Statin treatment blocks cell growth by lowering RAB6B and RAB27A prenylation that reduces their membrane association and affects integrin localization and downstream signaling required for growth. These results suggest that chronic adaptation to BRAF-targeted treatments drive novel collateral metabolic vulnerabilities, and that HMGCR inhibitors may offer a strategy to treat melanomas recurring with suppressed PGC1α expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deyang Yu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chi Luo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Parthenon Therapeutics, Boston, MA, 02135, USA
| | - Christopher Bennett
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Atavistik Bio, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Mark Jedrychowski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steve P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hans R Widlund
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Pere Puigserver
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Wen J, Zellner A, Braun NC, Bajaj T, Gassen NC, Peitz M, Brüstle O. Loss of function of FIP200 in human pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons leads to axonal pathology and hyperactivity. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:143. [PMID: 37137886 PMCID: PMC10156752 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02432-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
FIP200 plays important roles in homeostatic processes such as autophagy and signaling pathways such as focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. Furthermore, genetic studies suggest an association of FIP200 mutations with psychiatric disorders. However, its potential connections to psychiatric disorders and specific roles in human neurons are not clear. We set out to establish a human-specific model to study the functional consequences of neuronal FIP200 deficiency. To this end, we generated two independent sets of isogenic human pluripotent stem cell lines with homozygous FIP200KO alleles, which were then used for the derivation of glutamatergic neurons via forced expression of NGN2. FIP200KO neurons exhibited pathological axonal swellings, showed autophagy deficiency, and subsequently elevated p62 protein levels. Moreover, monitoring the electrophysiological activity of neuronal cultures on multi-electrode arrays revealed that FIP200KO resulted in a hyperactive network. This hyperactivity could be abolished by glutamatergic receptor antagonist CNQX, suggesting a strengthened glutamatergic synaptic activation in FIP200KO neurons. Furthermore, cell surface proteomic analysis revealed metabolic dysregulation and abnormal cell adhesion-related processes in FIP200KO neurons. Interestingly, an ULK1/2-specific autophagy inhibitor could recapitulate axonal swellings and hyperactivity in wild-type neurons, whereas inhibition of FAK signaling was able to normalize the hyperactivity of FIP200KO neurons. These results suggest that impaired autophagy and presumably also disinhibition of FAK can contribute to the hyperactivity of FIP200KO neuronal networks, whereas pathological axonal swellings are primarily due to autophagy deficiency. Taken together, our study reveals the consequences of FIP200 deficiency in induced human glutamatergic neurons, which might, in the end, help to understand cellular pathomechanisms contributing to neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Wen
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Andreas Zellner
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Clinic and Polyclinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn Medical Faculty & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nils Christian Braun
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Bajaj
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Clinic and Polyclinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn Medical Faculty & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nils Christian Gassen
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Clinic and Polyclinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn Medical Faculty & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Peitz
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
- Cell Programming Core Facility, University of Bonn Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Oliver Brüstle
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Faculty & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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PPARs and the Kynurenine Pathway in Melanoma-Potential Biological Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043114. [PMID: 36834531 PMCID: PMC9960262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors involved in various physiological and pathological processes within the skin. PPARs regulate several processes in one of the most aggressive skin cancers, melanoma, including proliferation, cell cycle, metabolic homeostasis, cell death, and metastasis. In this review, we focused not only on the biological activity of PPAR isoforms in melanoma initiation, progression, and metastasis but also on potential biological interactions between the PPAR signaling and the kynurenine pathways. The kynurenine pathway is a major pathway of tryptophan metabolism leading to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) production. Importantly, various tryptophan metabolites exert biological activity toward cancer cells, including melanoma. Previous studies confirmed the functional relationship between PPAR and the kynurenine pathway in skeletal muscles. Despite the fact this interaction has not been reported in melanoma to date, some bioinformatics data and biological activity of PPAR ligands and tryptophan metabolites may suggest a potential involvement of these metabolic and signaling pathways in melanoma initiation, progression, and metastasis. Importantly, the possible relationship between the PPAR signaling pathway and the kynurenine pathway may relate not only to the direct biological effect on melanoma cells but also to the tumor microenvironment and the immune system.
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28
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Lasheras-Otero I, Feliu I, Maillo A, Moreno H, Redondo-Muñoz M, Aldaz P, Bocanegra A, Olias-Arjona A, Lecanda F, Fernandez-Irigoyen J, Santamaria E, Larrayoz IM, Gomez-Cabrero D, Wellbrock C, Vicent S, Arozarena I. The Regulators of Peroxisomal Acyl-Carnitine Shuttle CROT and CRAT Promote Metastasis in Melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:305-316.e5. [PMID: 36058299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells are the key link between a primary tumor and distant metastases, but once in the bloodstream, loss of adhesion induces cell death. To identify the mechanisms relevant for melanoma circulating tumor cell survival, we performed RNA sequencing and discovered that detached melanoma cells and isolated melanoma circulating tumor cells rewire lipid metabolism by upregulating fatty acid (FA) transport and FA beta-oxidation‒related genes. In patients with melanoma, high expression of FA transporters and FA beta-oxidation enzymes significantly correlates with reduced progression-free and overall survival. Among the highest expressed regulators in melanoma circulating tumor cells were the carnitine transferases carnitine O-octanoyltransferase and carnitine acetyltransferase, which control the shuttle of peroxisome-derived medium-chain FAs toward mitochondria to fuel mitochondrial FA beta-oxidation. Knockdown of carnitine O-octanoyltransferase or carnitine acetyltransferase and short-term treatment with peroxisomal or mitochondrial FA beta-oxidation inhibitors thioridazine or ranolazine suppressed melanoma metastasis in mice. Carnitine O-octanoyltransferase and carnitine acetyltransferase depletion could be rescued by medium-chain FA supplementation, indicating that the peroxisomal supply of FAs is crucial for the survival of nonadherent melanoma cells. Our study identifies targeting the FA-based cross-talk between peroxisomes and mitochondria as a potential therapeutic opportunity to challenge melanoma progression. Moreover, the discovery of the antimetastatic activity of the Food and Drug Administration‒approved drug ranolazine carries translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Lasheras-Otero
- Cancer Signaling Unit, Navarrabiomed, University Hospital of Navarra (HUN), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iker Feliu
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Program in Solid Tumors, Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alberto Maillo
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit, Navarrabiomed, University Hospital of Navarra (HUN), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Haritz Moreno
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Program in Solid Tumors, Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Redondo-Muñoz
- Cancer Signaling Unit, Navarrabiomed, University Hospital of Navarra (HUN), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paula Aldaz
- Cancer Signaling Unit, Navarrabiomed, University Hospital of Navarra (HUN), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Bocanegra
- Oncoimmunology Group, Navarrabiomed, Navarrabiomed, University Hospital of Navarra (HUN), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Olias-Arjona
- Cancer Signaling Unit, Navarrabiomed, University Hospital of Navarra (HUN), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fernando Lecanda
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Program in Solid Tumors, Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research Network on Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Joaquin Fernandez-Irigoyen
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, University Hospital of Navarra (HUN), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaria
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, University Hospital of Navarra (HUN), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio M Larrayoz
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Foundation Rioja Salud, Logroño, Spain; Pre-departmental Nursing Unit, University of La Rioja (UR), Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - David Gomez-Cabrero
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Translational Bioinformatics Unit, Navarrabiomed, University Hospital of Navarra (HUN), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain; Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Claudia Wellbrock
- Cancer Signaling Unit, Navarrabiomed, University Hospital of Navarra (HUN), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Silvestre Vicent
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Program in Solid Tumors, Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research Network on Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Imanol Arozarena
- Cancer Signaling Unit, Navarrabiomed, University Hospital of Navarra (HUN), Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
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Martins Pinto M, Paumard P, Bouchez C, Ransac S, Duvezin-Caubet S, Mazat JP, Rigoulet M, Devin A. The Warburg effect and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation: Friends or foes? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148931. [PMID: 36367492 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells display an altered energy metabolism, which was proposed to be the root of cancer. This early discovery was done by O. Warburg who conducted one of the first studies of tumor cell energy metabolism. Taking advantage of cancer cells that exhibited various growth rates, he showed that cancer cells display a decreased respiration and an increased glycolysis proportional to the increase in their growth rate, suggesting that they mainly depend on fermentative metabolism for ATP generation. Warburg's results and hypothesis generated controversies that are persistent to this day. It is thus of great importance to understand the mechanisms by which cancer cells can reversibly regulate the two pathways of their energy metabolism as well as the functioning of this metabolism in cell proliferation. In this review, we discuss of the origin of the decrease in cell respiratory rate, whether the Warburg effect is mandatory for an increased cell proliferation rate, the consequences of this effect on two major players of cell energy metabolism that are ATP and NADH, and the role of the microenvironment in the regulation of cellular respiration and metabolism both in cancer cell and in yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martins Pinto
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CBMN, Allée de Geoffroy St Hilaire Bât, B1433600 Pessac, France; Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - P Paumard
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - C Bouchez
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - S Ransac
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - S Duvezin-Caubet
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - J P Mazat
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - M Rigoulet
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - A Devin
- CNRS, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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30
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Sestrin2 contributes to BRAF inhibitor resistance via reducing redox vulnerability of melanoma cells. J Dermatol Sci 2022; 109:52-60. [PMID: 36858850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment resistance often occurs with BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) therapy for melanoma, bringing in a great challenge to the treatment of melanoma patients harboring mutant BRAF gene. Recent studies revealed redox vulnerability constitutes a novel opportunity to overcome BRAFi resistance. Previously we found Sestrin2 provided protection to metastatic melanoma cells by detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by anoikis, but its defensive role against redox stimuli elicited by BRAFi was unclear. OBJECTIVE In-depth explored the role of Sestrin2 in BRAFi-resistant melanoma. METHODS Vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells were established using 451Lu and UACC62 cell lines carrying BRAFV600E mutation. Mechanistic studies were subsequently performed by transfection of lentiviral vectors encoding an shRNA against SESN2 or embedded with the coding sequences of SESN2 cDNA. RESULTS Elevated Sestrin2 expression was found in vemurafenib-resistance melanoma cells. Further mechanistic studies revealed that BRAFi-resistant melanoma cells employ Sestrin2 to adapt to higher oxidative stress under vemurafenib exposure. It was also demonstrated that mTOR signaling was significantly activated following Sestrin2 knockdown. Given the known promoting role of active mTOR signaling in melanoma proliferation and survival, the effects of mTOR blocker and Sestrin2 ablation on BRAFi-resistant melanoma cells were further tested, and the combination was found to result in enhanced inhibition of melanoma cell growth. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated the contribution of Sestrin2 to the development of BRAFi resistance and the fact that the combination of mTOR blocker assisted Sestrein2 ablation in eliminating BRAFi resistance of melanoma. Therefore, mTOR and Sestrin2 may be novel combinatorial therapeutic targets to overcome BRAFi resistance of melanoma.
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31
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Zhang X, Tai Z, Miao F, Huang H, Zhu Q, Bao L, Chen Z. Metabolism heterogeneity in melanoma fuels deactivation of immunotherapy: Predict before protect. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1046102. [PMID: 36620597 PMCID: PMC9813867 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1046102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is widely acknowledged as the most lethal skin malignancy. The metabolic reprogramming in melanoma leads to alterations in glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), forming a hypoxic, glucose-deficient and acidic tumor microenvironment which inhibits the function of immune cells, resulting in a low response rate to immunotherapy. Therefore, improving the tumor microenvironment by regulating the metabolism can be used to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the metabolism of malignant melanoma are highly heterogeneous. Therefore, understanding and predicting how melanoma regulates metabolism is important to improve the local immune microenvironment of the tumor, and metabolism regulators are expected to increase treatment efficacy in combination with immunotherapy. This article reviews the energy metabolism in melanoma and its regulation and prediction, the integration of immunotherapy and metabolism regulators, and provides a comprehensive overview of future research focal points in this field and their potential application in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China,Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Zongguang Tai
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengze Miao
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quangang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Leilei Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China,Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,*Correspondence: Zhongjian Chen, ; Leilei Bao,
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zhongjian Chen, ; Leilei Bao,
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32
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Lei X, Liu Q, Qin W, Tong Q, Li Z, Xu W, Liu G, Fu J, Zhang J, Kuang T, Shao Y, Liu C, Fang Y, Cao Z, Yan L, Liu Z, Liu S, Yamamoto H, Mori M, Liang XM, Xu X. TRPM8 contributes to liver regeneration via mitochondrial energy metabolism mediated by PGC1α. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:1050. [PMID: 36526620 PMCID: PMC9758188 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05475-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Impairment of liver regeneration leads to severe morbidity in acute and chronic severe liver disease. Transient receptor potential melastain 8 (TRPM8) is involved in a variety of processes, including temperature sensing, ion homeostasis, and cell proliferation. However, whether TRPM8 contributes to liver regeneration is still unclear. We assessed the effect and mechanism of TRPM8 in liver regeneration and hepatocyte proliferation in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we found that TRPM8 deficiency impairs liver regeneration in mice. Mechanistically, the results revealed that mitochondrial energy metabolism was attenuated in livers from TRPM8 knockout (KO) mice. Furthermore, we found that TRPM8 contributes to the proliferation of hepatocytes via PGC1α. Taken together, this study shows that TRPM8 contributes to liver regeneration in mice after hepatectomy. Genetic approaches and pharmacological approaches to regulate TRPM8 activity may be beneficial to the promotion of liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Lei
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Tong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghao Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wendi Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxing Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Fu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Kuang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoli Shao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Fang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Likun Yan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hirofumi Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Xin M Liang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Division of Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital, VA Boston Healthcare System, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xundi Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Disease Research & Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of general surgery. Southern China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
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McGrail K, Granado-Martínez P, Esteve-Puig R, García-Ortega S, Ding Y, Sánchez-Redondo S, Ferrer B, Hernandez-Losa J, Canals F, Manzano A, Navarro-Sabaté A, Bartrons R, Yanes O, Pérez-Alea M, Muñoz-Couselo E, Garcia-Patos V, Recio JA. BRAF activation by metabolic stress promotes glycolysis sensitizing NRAS Q61-mutated melanomas to targeted therapy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7113. [PMID: 36402789 PMCID: PMC9675737 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34907-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
NRAS-mutated melanoma lacks a specific line of treatment. Metabolic reprogramming is considered a novel target to control cancer; however, NRAS-oncogene contribution to this cancer hallmark is mostly unknown. Here, we show that NRASQ61-mutated melanomas specific metabolic settings mediate cell sensitivity to sorafenib upon metabolic stress. Mechanistically, these cells are dependent on glucose metabolism, in which glucose deprivation promotes a switch from CRAF to BRAF signaling. This scenario contributes to cell survival and sustains glucose metabolism through BRAF-mediated phosphorylation of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase-2/3 (PFKFB2/PFKFB3). In turn, this favors the allosteric activation of phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1), generating a feedback loop that couples glycolytic flux and the RAS signaling pathway. An in vivo treatment of NRASQ61 mutant melanomas, including patient-derived xenografts, with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and sorafenib effectively inhibits tumor growth. Thus, we provide evidence for NRAS-oncogene contributions to metabolic rewiring and a proof-of-principle for the treatment of NRASQ61-mutated melanoma combining metabolic stress (glycolysis inhibitors) and previously approved drugs, such as sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley McGrail
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Paula Granado-Martínez
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Rosaura Esteve-Puig
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain ,Present Address: MAJ3 Capital S.L, Barcelona, 08018 Spain
| | - Sara García-Ortega
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Yuxin Ding
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Sara Sánchez-Redondo
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain ,grid.7719.80000 0000 8700 1153Present Address: Microenvironment & Metastasis Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Berta Ferrer
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain ,grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Anatomy Pathology Department, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Javier Hernandez-Losa
- grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Anatomy Pathology Department, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Francesc Canals
- grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Proteomics Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Anna Manzano
- grid.418284.30000 0004 0427 2257Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Barcelona, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aura Navarro-Sabaté
- grid.418284.30000 0004 0427 2257Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Barcelona, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Bartrons
- grid.418284.30000 0004 0427 2257Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Barcelona, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Electronic Engineering, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBER on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mileidys Pérez-Alea
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain ,Present Address: Advance Biodesign, 69800 Saint-Priest, France
| | - Eva Muñoz-Couselo
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain ,grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Clinical Oncology Program, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Vicenç Garcia-Patos
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain ,grid.411083.f0000 0001 0675 8654Dermatology Department, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
| | - Juan A. Recio
- grid.430994.30000 0004 1763 0287Biomedical Research in Melanoma-Animal Models and Cancer Laboratory, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Barcelona-UAB, Barcelona, 08035 Spain
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Shi X, Xu X, Shi N, Chen Y, Fu M. miR-767-3p suppresses melanoma progression by inhibiting ASF1B expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 627:60-67. [PMID: 36007337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma, the type of skin cancer considered as most malignant, and known to be linked with a high incidence as well as high mortality rate. Although the dysregulation of ASF1B and miR-767-3p expression is involved in the progression of various cancers, their biological function in melanoma remains unclear. METHODS Real-time qPCR was the primary source for determining the levels of ASF1B and miR-767-3p in melanoma. For the validation of association among miR-767-3p and ASF1B, luciferase activity assay was used. Quantification of cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration and viability in melanoma cells were carried out by flow cytometry, BrdU, transwell assays, and CCK-8, respectively. Further evaluation of tumor growth was achieved by xenograft in vivo. RESULTS Results showed an increased expression of ASF1B while declined expression of miR-767-3p in melanoma. ASF1B knockdown repressed cell migration, viability, proliferation, and tumor growth whereas boosted apoptosis in A375 as well as in A875 melanoma cells. Moreover, miR-767-3p attenuated the migration and proliferation of melanoma cells and encouraged cell apoptosis by reducing ASF1B levels. CONCLUSION In this study, miR-767-3p was shown to inhibit ASF1B which will attenuate melanoma tumorigenesis, and by this it can be a potential new effective biomarker for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, 435000, Hubei, China
| | - Xidan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, 435000, Hubei, China
| | - Nian Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, 435000, Hubei, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, 435000, Hubei, China
| | - Manni Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, 435000, Hubei, China.
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35
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Sun N, Tian Y, Chen Y, Guo W, Li C. Metabolic rewiring directs melanoma immunology. Front Immunol 2022; 13:909580. [PMID: 36003368 PMCID: PMC9393691 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.909580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma results from the malignant transformation of melanocytes and accounts for the most lethal type of skin cancers. In the pathogenesis of melanoma, disordered metabolism is a hallmark characteristic with multiple metabolic paradigms involved in, e.g., glycolysis, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and autophagy. Under the driving forces of oncogenic mutations, melanoma metabolism is rewired to provide not only building bricks for macromolecule synthesis and sufficient energy for rapid proliferation and metastasis but also various metabolic intermediates for signal pathway transduction. Of note, metabolic alterations in tumor orchestrate tumor immunology by affecting the functions of surrounding immune cells, thereby interfering with their antitumor capacity, in addition to the direct influence on tumor cell intrinsic biological activities. In this review, we first introduced the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment proceedings of melanoma. Then, the components of the tumor microenvironment, especially different populations of immune cells and their roles in antitumor immunity, were reviewed. Sequentially, how metabolic rewiring contributes to tumor cell malignant behaviors in melanoma pathogenesis was discussed. Following this, the proceedings of metabolism- and metabolic intermediate-regulated tumor immunology were comprehensively dissertated. Finally, we summarized currently available drugs that can be employed to target metabolism to intervene tumor immunology and modulate immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyue Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yangzi Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Chunying Li, ; Weinan Guo,
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Chunying Li, ; Weinan Guo,
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36
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Chen JT, Hsu YL, Hsu YC, Tseng YH, Liu MH, Weng CW, Lin CH, Pan SH, Chen JJ, Wang CC. Id2 exerts tumor suppressor properties in lung cancer through its effects on cancer cell invasion and migration. Front Oncol 2022; 12:801300. [PMID: 35982951 PMCID: PMC9379288 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.801300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite advances in prognosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LADC), a notable non–small cell lung cancer subtype, patient outcomes are still unsatisfactory. New insight on novel therapeutic strategies for LADC may be gained from a more comprehensive understanding of cancer progression mechanisms. Such strategies could reduce the mortality and morbidity of patients with LADC. In our previous study, we performed cDNA microarray screening and found an inverse relationship between inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (Id2) expression levels and the invasiveness of LADC cells. Materials and Methods To identify the functional roles of Id2 and its action mechanisms in LADC progression, we successfully established several Id2-overexpressing and Id2-silenced LADC cell clones. Subsequently, we examined in vitro the effects exerted by Id2 on cell morphology, proliferation, colony formation, invasive, and migratory activities and examined in vivo those exerted by Id2 on cell metastasis. The mechanisms underlying the action of Id2 were investigated using RNA-seq and pathway analyses. Furthermore, the correlations of Id2 with its target gene expression and clinical outcomes were calculated. Results Our data revealed that Id2 overexpression could inhibit LADC cells’ migratory, invasive, proliferation, and colony formation capabilities. Silencing Id2 expression in LADC cells reversed the aforementioned inhibitory effects, and knockdown of Id2 increased LADC cells’ metastatic abilities in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that these effects of Id2 on cancer progression might be regulated by focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling and CD44/Twist expression. Furthermore, in online clinical database analysis, patients with LADC whose Id2 expression levels were high and FAK/Twist expression levels were low had superior clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ting Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiung Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Han Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Weng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hao Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Hua Pan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeremy J.W. Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chung Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chi-Chung Wang,
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PGC1α Cooperates with FOXA1 to Regulate Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition through the TCF4-TWIST1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158247. [PMID: 35897813 PMCID: PMC9332154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α) is a critical transcriptional coactivator that maintains metabolic homeostasis and energy expenditure by cooperating with various transcription factors. Recent studies have shown that PGC1α deficiency promotes lung cancer metastasis to the bone through activation of TCF4 and TWIST1-mediated epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is suppressed by the inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1); however, it is not clear which transcription factor participates in PGC1α-mediated EMT and lung cancer metastasis. Here, we identified forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) as a potential transcription factor that coordinates with PGC1α and ID1 for EMT gene expression using transcriptome analysis. Cooperation between FOXA1 and PGC1α inhibits promoter occupancy of TCF4 and TWIST1 on CDH1 and CDH2 proximal promoter regions due to increased ID1, consequently regulating the expression of EMT-related genes such as CDH1, CDH2, VIM, and PTHLH. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1), a major EMT-promoting factor, was found to decrease ID1 due to the suppression of FOXA1 and PGC1α. In addition, ectopic expression of ID1, FOXA1, and PGC1α reversed TGFβ1-induced EMT gene expression. Our findings suggest that FOXA1- and PGC1α-mediated ID1 expression involves EMT by suppressing TCF4 and TWIST1 in response to TGFβ1. Taken together, this transcriptional framework is a promising molecular target for the development of therapeutic strategies for lung cancer metastasis.
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Falletta P, Goding CR, Vivas-García Y. Connecting Metabolic Rewiring With Phenotype Switching in Melanoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:930250. [PMID: 35912100 PMCID: PMC9334657 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.930250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a complex and aggressive cancer type that contains different cell subpopulations displaying distinct phenotypes within the same tumor. Metabolic reprogramming, a hallmark of cell transformation, is essential for melanoma cells to adopt different phenotypic states necessary for adaptation to changes arising from a dynamic milieu and oncogenic mutations. Increasing evidence demonstrates how melanoma cells can exhibit distinct metabolic profiles depending on their specific phenotype, allowing adaptation to hostile microenvironmental conditions, such as hypoxia or nutrient depletion. For instance, increased glucose consumption and lipid anabolism are associated with proliferation, while a dependency on exogenous fatty acids and an oxidative state are linked to invasion and metastatic dissemination. How these different metabolic dependencies are integrated with specific cell phenotypes is poorly understood and little is known about metabolic changes underpinning melanoma metastasis. Recent evidence suggests that metabolic rewiring engaging transitions to invasion and metastatic progression may be dependent on several factors, such as specific oncogenic programs or lineage-restricted mechanisms controlling cell metabolism, intra-tumor microenvironmental cues and anatomical location of metastasis. In this review we highlight how the main molecular events supporting melanoma metabolic rewiring and phenotype-switching are parallel and interconnected events that dictate tumor progression and metastatic dissemination through interplay with the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Falletta
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Paola Falletta, ; Colin R. Goding, ; Yurena Vivas-García, ,
| | - Colin R. Goding
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Ludwig Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Paola Falletta, ; Colin R. Goding, ; Yurena Vivas-García, ,
| | - Yurena Vivas-García
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Ludwig Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Paola Falletta, ; Colin R. Goding, ; Yurena Vivas-García, ,
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39
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Luo Q, Di T, Chen Z, Peng J, Sun J, Xia Z, Pan W, Luo F, Lu F, Sun Y, Yang L, Zhang L, Miao‐Zhen Q, Yang D. A novel prognostic model predicts overall survival in colon cancer based on
RNA
splicing regulation gene expression. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3330-3346. [PMID: 35792657 PMCID: PMC9530871 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. Dysregulated RNA splicing factors have been reported to be associated with tumorigenesis and development in colon cancer. In this study, we interrogated clinical and RNA expression data of colon cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Genes regulating RNA splicing correlated with survival in colon cancer were identified and a risk score model was constructed using Cox regression analyses. In the risk model, RNA splicing factor peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1α (PPARGC1) is correlated with a good survival outcome, whereas Cdc2‐like kinase 1(CLK1), CLK2, and A‐kinase anchor protein 8‐like (AKAP8L) with a bad survival outcome. The risk model has a good performance for clinical prognostic prediction both in the TCGA cohort and the other two validation cohorts. In the tumor microenvironment (TME) analysis, the immune score was higher in the low‐risk group, and TME‐related pathway gene expression was also higher in low‐risk group. We further verified the mRNA and protein expression levels of these four genes in the adjacent nontumor, tumor, and liver metastasis tissues of colon cancer patients, which were consistent with bioinformatics analysis. In addition, knockdown of AKAP8L can suppress the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells. Animal studies have also shown that AKAP8L knockdown can inhibit tumor growth in colon cancer in vivo. We established a prognostic risk model for colon cancer based on genes related to RNA splicing regulation and uncovered the role of AKAP8L in promoting colon cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu‐Yun Luo
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen University 518033 Shenzhen China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
| | - Tian Di
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
| | - Zhi‐Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
| | - Jian‐Hong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
| | - Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Clinical Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital 510060 Guangzhou China
| | - Zeng‐Fei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
| | - Wen‐Tao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
| | - Fan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
| | - Fei‐Teng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
| | - Yu‐Ting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
| | - Li‐Qiong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
| | - Qiu Miao‐Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
| | - Da‐Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat‐Sen University Cancer Center 510060 Guangzhou China
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Tang Y, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Qin S, Zhou L, Gao W, Shen Z. Metabolic Adaptation-Mediated Cancer Survival and Progression in Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071324. [PMID: 35883815 PMCID: PMC9311581 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Undue elevation of ROS levels commonly occurs during cancer evolution as a result of various antitumor therapeutics and/or endogenous immune response. Overwhelming ROS levels induced cancer cell death through the dysregulation of ROS-sensitive glycolytic enzymes, leading to the catastrophic depression of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which are critical for cancer survival and progression. However, cancer cells also adapt to such catastrophic oxidative and metabolic stresses by metabolic reprograming, resulting in cancer residuality, progression, and relapse. This adaptation is highly dependent on NADPH and GSH syntheses for ROS scavenging and the upregulation of lipolysis and glutaminolysis, which fuel tricarboxylic acid cycle-coupled OXPHOS and biosynthesis. The underlying mechanism remains poorly understood, thus presenting a promising field with opportunities to manipulate metabolic adaptations for cancer prevention and therapy. In this review, we provide a summary of the mechanisms of metabolic regulation in the adaptation of cancer cells to oxidative stress and the current understanding of its regulatory role in cancer survival and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongquan Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.Q.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.Q.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.Q.); (L.Z.)
| | - Siyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.Q.); (L.Z.)
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; (Z.Z.); (Y.C.); (S.Q.); (L.Z.)
| | - Wei Gao
- Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
- Correspondence: (W.G.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, China
- Correspondence: (W.G.); (Z.S.)
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41
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Ng MF, Simmons JL, Boyle GM. Heterogeneity in Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3030. [PMID: 35740696 PMCID: PMC9221188 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14123030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that tumour heterogeneity has an imperative role in cancer development, evolution and resistance to therapy. Continuing advancements in biomedical research enable tumour heterogeneity to be observed and studied more critically. As one of the most heterogeneous human cancers, melanoma displays a high level of biological complexity during disease progression. However, much is still unknown regarding melanoma tumour heterogeneity, as well as the role it plays in disease progression and treatment response. This review aims to provide a concise summary of the importance of tumour heterogeneity in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Fong Ng
- Cancer Drug Mechanisms Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (M.F.N.); (J.L.S.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Jacinta L. Simmons
- Cancer Drug Mechanisms Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (M.F.N.); (J.L.S.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Glen M. Boyle
- Cancer Drug Mechanisms Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (M.F.N.); (J.L.S.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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42
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Polygonum cuspidatum Extract (Pc-Ex) Containing Emodin Suppresses Lung Cancer-Induced Cachexia by Suppressing TCF4/TWIST1 Complex-Induced PTHrP Expression. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071508. [PMID: 35406121 PMCID: PMC9002362 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cachexia, which is characterised by the wasting of fat and skeletal muscles, is the most common risk factor for increased mortality rates among patients with advanced lung cancer. PTHLH (parathyroid hormone-like hormone) is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of PTHLH expression and the inhibitors of PTHLH have not yet been identified. The PTHLH mRNA levels were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, while the PTHrP (parathyroid hormone-related protein) expression levels were measured using Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The interaction between TCF4 (Transcription Factor 4) and TWIST1 and the binding of the TCF4–TWIST1 complex to the PTHLH promoter were analysed using co-immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation. The results of the mammalian two-hybrid luciferase assay revealed that emodin inhibited TCF4–TWIST1 interaction. The effects of Polygonum cuspidatum extract (Pc-Ex), which contains emodin, on cachexia were investigated in vivo using A549 tumour-bearing mice. Ectopic expression of TCF4 upregulated PTHLH expression. Conversely, TCF4 knockdown downregulated PTHLH expression in lung cancer cells. The expression of PTHLH was upregulated in cells ectopically co-expressing TCF4 and TWIST1 when compared with that in cells expressing TCF4 or TWIST1 alone. Emodin inhibited the interaction between TCF4 and TWIST1 and consequently suppressed the TCF4/TWIST1 complex-induced upregulated mRNA and protein levels of PTHLH and PTHrP. Meanwhile, emodin-containing Pc-Ex significantly alleviated skeletal muscle atrophy and downregulated fat browning-related genes in A549 tumour-bearing mice. Emodin-containing Pc-Ex exerted therapeutic effects on lung cancer-associated cachexia by inhibiting TCF4/TWIST1 complex-induced PTHrP expression.
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Zheng K, Chen S, Hu X. Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator-1 Alpha: A Double-Edged Sword in Prostate Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:541-559. [PMID: 35362394 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220330194149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α/PPARGC1A) is a pivotal transcriptional coactivator involved in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism, including biogenesis and oxidative metabolism. PGC-1α is finely regulated by AMP-activated protein kinases (AMPKs), the role of which in tumors remains controversial to date. In recent years, a growing amount of research on PGC-1α and tumor metabolism has emphasized its importance in a variety of tumors, including prostate cancer (PCA). Compelling evidence has shown that PGC-1α may play dual roles in promoting and inhibiting tumor development under certain conditions. Therefore, a better understanding of the critical role of PGC-1α in PCA pathogenesis will provide new insights into targeting PGC-1α for the treatment of this disease. In this review, we highlight the procancer and anticancer effects of PGC-1α in PCA and aim to provide a theoretical basis for targeting AMPK/PGC-1α to inhibit the development of PCA. In addition, our recent findings provide a candidate drug target and theoretical basis for targeting PGC-1α to regulate lipid metabolism in PCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zheng
- Department of urology, Shanghai Sixth People\'s Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
| | - Suzhen Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People\'s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People\'s Hospital, China
| | - Xiaoyong Hu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People\'s Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
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Understanding Molecular Mechanisms of Phenotype Switching and Crosstalk with TME to Reveal New Vulnerabilities of Melanoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071157. [PMID: 35406721 PMCID: PMC8997563 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma cells are notorious for their high plasticity and ability to switch back and forth between various melanoma cell states, enabling the adaptation to sub-optimal conditions and therapeutics. This phenotypic plasticity, which has gained more attention in cancer research, is proposed as a new paradigm for melanoma progression. In this review, we provide a detailed and deep comprehensive recapitulation of the complex spectrum of phenotype switching in melanoma, the key regulator factors, the various and new melanoma states, and corresponding signatures. We also present an extensive description of the role of epigenetic modifications (chromatin remodeling, methylation, and activities of long non-coding RNAs/miRNAs) and metabolic rewiring in the dynamic switch. Furthermore, we elucidate the main role of the crosstalk between the tumor microenvironment (TME) and oxidative stress in the regulation of the phenotype switching. Finally, we discuss in detail several rational therapeutic approaches, such as exploiting phenotype-specific and metabolic vulnerabilities and targeting components and signals of the TME, to improve the response of melanoma patients to treatments.
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Long noncoding RNA LINC00518 contributes to proliferation and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma via the miR-335-3p/CTHRC1 Axis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:98. [PMID: 35246517 PMCID: PMC8897435 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00905-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Long intergenic nonprotein coding RNA 518 (LINC00518) is recognized to impart cancer proliferation and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the study about the relationship between LINC00518 and LUAD is shallow so far. In our work, LINC00518 was predicted to be a negative regulator in LUAD based on the TCGA database. It was further verified that the cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of LUAD could be obviously inhibited by the knockdown of LINC00518. Moreover, miR-335-3p/CTHRC1 axis was intensively possible to be a critical regulator in the effect of LINC00518 on LUAD via visual ceRNA network. Importantly the progress of LUAD was relevant to the active CTHRC1 which was realized by the target of LINC00518 to miR-335-3p. Furthermore, the knockdown of LINC00518 exhibited a synergistic effect with VS6063, an inhibitor of FAK protein, in the suppression of LUAD indicating that miR-335-3p/CTHRC1 axis was potentially exploitable as a targeted intervention to integrin β3/FAK signal pathway in LUAD. All the collective results demonstrated that LINC00518 could be a promising biomarker of the prognosis of LUAD and possibly a therapeutic target via miR-335-3p/CTHRC1 axis.
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Zhang X, Chen M, Yan E, Wang Y, Ma C, Zhang P, Yin J. Dietary Malic Acid Supplementation Induces Skeletal Muscle Fiber-Type Transition of Weaned Piglets and Further Improves Meat Quality of Finishing Pigs. Front Nutr 2022; 8:825495. [PMID: 35145985 PMCID: PMC8821922 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.825495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate effects of dietary malic acid supplementation on skeletal muscle fiber-type transition during nursery period and the subsequent meat quality of finishing pigs. Results showed that malic acid supplementation for 28 days increased oxidative fiber percentage of weaned piglets, accompanied by the increased aerobic oxidation in serum and longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle. Additionally, activities of total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase in serum were increased. Moreover, dietary malic acid supplementation during nursery period tended to increase pH24h and significantly decreased drip loss in LT muscle of finishing pigs. The content of total saturated fatty acid (SFA) and total monounsaturated fatty acid in LT muscle was significantly decreased, whereas the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acid to SFA tended to increase. Together, dietary malic acid supplementation during nursery period can effectively increase antioxidant capacity and oxidative fibers percentage of weaned piglets, and further improve water holding capacity and nutritional values of pork in finishing pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Meixia Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Enfa Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenghong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingdong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jingdong Yin
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Targeting PGC1α to wrestle cancer: a compelling therapeutic opportunity. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:767-774. [PMID: 35032216 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03912-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic adaptation is an emerging hallmark of cancer, as it provides tumor cells sufficient energy and metabolic intermediates. Although tumor cells are believed to highly rely on Warburg effect to satisfy their energy demand, more studies have pointed out that various types of tumor cells are highly dependent on oxidative phosphorylation to drive the tumorigenesis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-c coactivator 1α (PGC1α), the crucial member of PGC1 family, is aberrantly expressed in several cancer types, implicating its role in tumor proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance. Numerous studies have reported that PGC1α participates in the regulation of tumor development by altering the transcriptional programs as well as the metabolic phenotypes. Thus, PGC1α-targeted therapy is therapeutically exploitable to target the metabolic vulnerabilities in tumor cells. This review mainly focuses on the current underlying mechanisms for its roles in regulating metabolic adaptation of tumor cells and its upstream regulators; how PGC1α participates in the regulation of the tumor proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, therapy resistance; and the feasibility of PGC1α-targeted therapy for cancer treatment.
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Sebestyén A, Dankó T, Sztankovics D, Moldvai D, Raffay R, Cervi C, Krencz I, Zsiros V, Jeney A, Petővári G. The role of metabolic ecosystem in cancer progression — metabolic plasticity and mTOR hyperactivity in tumor tissues. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 40:989-1033. [PMID: 35029792 PMCID: PMC8825419 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-10006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite advancements in cancer management, tumor relapse and metastasis are associated with poor outcomes in many cancers. Over the past decade, oncogene-driven carcinogenesis, dysregulated cellular signaling networks, dynamic changes in the tissue microenvironment, epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, protein expression within regulatory pathways, and their part in tumor progression are described in several studies. However, the complexity of metabolic enzyme expression is considerably under evaluated. Alterations in cellular metabolism determine the individual phenotype and behavior of cells, which is a well-recognized hallmark of cancer progression, especially in the adaptation mechanisms underlying therapy resistance. In metabolic symbiosis, cells compete, communicate, and even feed each other, supervised by tumor cells. Metabolic reprogramming forms a unique fingerprint for each tumor tissue, depending on the cellular content and genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironmental alterations of the developing cancer. Based on its sensing and effector functions, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase is considered the master regulator of metabolic adaptation. Moreover, mTOR kinase hyperactivity is associated with poor prognosis in various tumor types. In situ metabolic phenotyping in recent studies highlights the importance of metabolic plasticity, mTOR hyperactivity, and their role in tumor progression. In this review, we update recent developments in metabolic phenotyping of the cancer ecosystem, metabolic symbiosis, and plasticity which could provide new research directions in tumor biology. In addition, we suggest pathomorphological and analytical studies relating to metabolic alterations, mTOR activity, and their associations which are necessary to improve understanding of tumor heterogeneity and expand the therapeutic management of cancer.
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Identification of Core Genes and Pathways in Melanoma Metastasis via Bioinformatics Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020794. [PMID: 35054979 PMCID: PMC8775799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of melanoma-related mortality. Current therapies are rarely curative for metastatic melanoma, revealing the urgent need to identify more effective preventive and therapeutic targets. This study aimed to screen the core genes and molecular mechanisms related to melanoma metastasis. A gene expression profile, GSE8401, including 31 primary melanoma and 52 metastatic melanoma clinical samples, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between melanoma metastases and primary melanoma were screened using GEO2R tool. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) analyses of DEGs were performed using the Database for Annotation Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and Cytoscape with Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plug-in tools were utilized to detect the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network among DEGs. The top 10 genes with the highest degrees of the PPI network were defined as hub genes. In the results, 425 DEGs, including 60 upregulated genes and 365 downregulated genes, were identified. The upregulated genes were enriched in ECM–receptor interactions and the regulation of actin cytoskeleton, while 365 downregulated genes were enriched in amoebiasis, melanogenesis, and ECM–receptor interactions. The defined hub genes included CDK1, COL17A1, EGFR, DSG1, KRT14, FLG, CDH1, DSP, IVL, and KRT5. In addition, the mRNA and protein levels of the hub genes during melanoma metastasis were verified in the TCGA database and paired post- and premetastatic melanoma cells, respectively. Finally, KRT5-specific siRNAs were utilized to reduce the KRT5 expression in melanoma A375 cells. An MTT assay and a colony formation assay showed that KRT5 knockdown significantly promoted the proliferation of A375 cells. A Transwell assay further suggested that KRT5 knockdown significantly increased the cell migration and cell invasion of A375 cells. This bioinformatics study provided a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms of melanoma metastasis. The in vitro experiments showed that KRT5 played the inhibitory effects on melanoma metastasis. Therefore, KRT5 may serve important roles in melanoma metastasis.
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Abstract
Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer that originates from the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Although melanoma has long been regarded as a cancerous malignancy with few therapeutic options, increased biological understanding and unprecedented innovations in therapies targeting mutated driver genes and immune checkpoints have substantially improved the prognosis of patients. However, the low response rate and inevitable occurrence of resistance to currently available targeted therapies have posed the obstacle in the path of melanoma management to obtain further amelioration. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying melanoma pathogenesis more comprehensively, which might lead to more substantial progress in therapeutic approaches and expand clinical options for melanoma therapy. In this review, we firstly make a brief introduction to melanoma epidemiology, clinical subtypes, risk factors, and current therapies. Then, the signal pathways orchestrating melanoma pathogenesis, including genetic mutations, key transcriptional regulators, epigenetic dysregulations, metabolic reprogramming, crucial metastasis-related signals, tumor-promoting inflammatory pathways, and pro-angiogenic factors, have been systemically reviewed and discussed. Subsequently, we outline current progresses in therapies targeting mutated driver genes and immune checkpoints, as well as the mechanisms underlying the treatment resistance. Finally, the prospects and challenges in the development of melanoma therapy, especially immunotherapy and related ongoing clinical trials, are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 of West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huina Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 of West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127 of West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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