1
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Luo Q, Li X, Xie K. Plakophilin 1 in carcinogenesis. Mol Carcinog 2024. [PMID: 38888207 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Plakophilin 1 (PKP1) belongs to the desmosome family as an anchoring junction protein in cellular junctions. It localizes at the interface of the cell membrane and cytoplasm. Although PKP1 is a non-transmembrane protein, it may become associated with the cell membrane via transmembrane proteins such as desmocollins and desmogleins. Homozygous deletion of PKP1 results in ectodermal dysplasia-skin fragility syndrome (EDSF) and complete knockout of PKP1 in mice produces comparable symptoms to EDSF in humans, although mice do not survive more than 24 h. PKP1 is not limited to expression in desmosomal structures, but is rather widely expressed in cytoplasm and nucleus, where it assumes important cellular functions. This review will summarize distinct roles of PKP1 in the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus with an overview of relevant studies on its function in diverse types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Luo
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojia Li
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Keping Xie
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The South China University of Technology Comprehensive Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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2
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Eain HS, Kawai H, Nakayama M, Oo MW, Ohara T, Fukuhara Y, Takabatake K, Shan Q, Soe Y, Ono K, Nakano K, Mizukawa N, Iida S, Nagatsuka H. Double-faced CX3CL1 enhances lymphangiogenesis-dependent metastasis in an aggressive subclone of oral squamous cell carcinoma. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e174618. [PMID: 38775151 PMCID: PMC11141908 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.174618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Because cancer cells have a genetically unstable nature, they give rise to genetically different variant subclones inside a single tumor. Understanding cancer heterogeneity and subclone characteristics is crucial for developing more efficacious therapies. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by high heterogeneity and plasticity. On the other hand, CX3C motif ligand 1 (CX3CL1) is a double-faced chemokine with anti- and pro-tumor functions. Our study reported that CX3CL1 functioned differently in tumors with different cancer phenotypes, both in vivo and in vitro. Mouse OSCC 1 (MOC1) and MOC2 cells responded similarly to CX3CL1 in vitro. However, in vivo, CX3CL1 increased keratinization in indolent MOC1 cancer, while CX3CL1 promoted cervical lymphatic metastasis in aggressive MOC2 cancer. These outcomes were due to double-faced CX3CL1 effects on different immune microenvironments indolent and aggressive cancer created. Furthermore, we established that CX3CL1 promoted cancer metastasis via the lymphatic pathway by stimulating lymphangiogenesis and transendothelial migration of lymph-circulating tumor cells. CX3CL1 enrichment in lymphatic metastasis tissues was observed in aggressive murine and human cell lines. OSCC patient samples with CX3CL1 enrichment exhibited a strong correlation with lower overall survival rates and higher recurrence and distant metastasis rates. In conclusion, CX3CL1 is a pivotal factor that stimulates the metastasis of aggressive cancer subclones within the heterogeneous tumors to metastasize, and our study demonstrates the prognostic value of CX3CL1 enrichment in long-term monitoring in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htoo Shwe Eain
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, and
| | | | - Masaaki Nakayama
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - May Wathone Oo
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine
- Office of Innovative Medicine, Organization for Research Strategy and Development, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Yamin Soe
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine
| | - Kisho Ono
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | | | | | - Seiji Iida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, and
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3
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Li M. Harnessing atomic force microscopy-based single-cell analysis to advance physical oncology. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:631-659. [PMID: 38053519 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell analysis is an emerging and promising frontier in the field of life sciences, which is expected to facilitate the exploration of fundamental laws of physiological and pathological processes. Single-cell analysis allows experimental access to cell-to-cell heterogeneity to reveal the distinctive behaviors of individual cells, offering novel opportunities to dissect the complexity of severe human diseases such as cancers. Among the single-cell analysis tools, atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerful and versatile one which is able to nondestructively image the fine topographies and quantitatively measure multiple mechanical properties of single living cancer cells in their native states under aqueous conditions with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. Over the past few decades, AFM has been widely utilized to detect the structural and mechanical behaviors of individual cancer cells during the process of tumor formation, invasion, and metastasis, yielding numerous unique insights into tumor pathogenesis from the biomechanical perspective and contributing much to the field of cancer mechanobiology. Here, the achievements of AFM-based analysis of single cancer cells to advance physical oncology are comprehensively summarized, and challenges and future perspectives are also discussed. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Achievements of AFM in characterizing the structural and mechanical behaviors of single cancer cells are summarized, and future directions are discussed. AFM is not only capable of visualizing cellular fine structures, but can also measure multiple cellular mechanical properties as well as cell-generated mechanical forces. There is still plenty of room for harnessing AFM-based single-cell analysis to advance physical oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
- Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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4
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Ebrahim T, Ebrahim AS, Kandouz M. Diversity of Intercellular Communication Modes: A Cancer Biology Perspective. Cells 2024; 13:495. [PMID: 38534339 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
From the moment a cell is on the path to malignant transformation, its interaction with other cells from the microenvironment becomes altered. The flow of molecular information is at the heart of the cellular and systemic fate in tumors, and various processes participate in conveying key molecular information from or to certain cancer cells. For instance, the loss of tight junction molecules is part of the signal sent to cancer cells so that they are no longer bound to the primary tumors and are thus free to travel and metastasize. Upon the targeting of a single cell by a therapeutic drug, gap junctions are able to communicate death information to by-standing cells. The discovery of the importance of novel modes of cell-cell communication such as different types of extracellular vesicles or tunneling nanotubes is changing the way scientists look at these processes. However, are they all actively involved in different contexts at the same time or are they recruited to fulfill specific tasks? What does the multiplicity of modes mean for the overall progression of the disease? Here, we extend an open invitation to think about the overall significance of these questions, rather than engage in an elusive attempt at a systematic repertory of the mechanisms at play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanzeela Ebrahim
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Abdul Shukkur Ebrahim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Mustapha Kandouz
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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5
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Hariton WV, Schulze K, Rahimi S, Shojaeian T, Feldmeyer L, Schwob R, Overmiller AM, Sayar BS, Borradori L, Mahoney MG, Galichet A, Müller EJ. A desmosomal cadherin controls multipotent hair follicle stem cell quiescence and orchestrates regeneration through adhesion signaling. iScience 2023; 26:108568. [PMID: 38162019 PMCID: PMC10755723 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) are critical to maintain tissue homeostasis. However, it is currently not known whether signaling through cell junctions protects quiescent epithelial SC reservoirs from depletion during disease-inflicted damage. Using the autoimmune model disease pemphigus vulgaris (PV), this study reveals an unprecedented role for a desmosomal cadherin in governing SC quiescence and regeneration through adhesion signaling in the multipotent mouse hair follicle compartment known as the bulge. Autoantibody-mediated, mechanical uncoupling of desmoglein (Dsg) 3 transadhesion activates quiescent bulge SC which lose their multipotency and stemness, become actively cycling, and finally delaminate from their epithelial niche. This then initiates a self-organized regenerative program which restores Dsg3 function and bulge morphology including SC quiescence and multipotency. These profound changes are triggered by the sole loss of functional Dsg3, resemble major signaling events in Dsg3-/- mice, and are driven by SC-relevant EGFR activation and Wnt modulation requiring longitudinal repression of Hedgehog signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- William V.J. Hariton
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katja Schulze
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Siavash Rahimi
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Taravat Shojaeian
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Feldmeyer
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roman Schwob
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrew M. Overmiller
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Beyza S. Sayar
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luca Borradori
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mỹ G. Mahoney
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Arnaud Galichet
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliane J. Müller
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- DermFocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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6
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Fan X, Yang G, Duru F, Grilli M, Akin I, Zhou X, Saguner AM, Ei-Battrawy I. Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: from Preclinical Models to Genotype-phenotype Correlation and Pathophysiology. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:2683-2708. [PMID: 37731079 PMCID: PMC10661732 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a hereditary myocardial disease characterized by the replacement of the ventricular myocardium with fibrous fatty deposits. ACM is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern with variable penetrance and expressivity, which is mainly related to ventricular tachyarrhythmia and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Importantly, significant progress has been made in determining the genetic background of ACM due to the development of new techniques for genetic analysis. The exact molecular pathomechanism of ACM, however, is not completely clear and the genotype-phenotype correlations have not been fully elucidated, which are useful to predict the prognosis and treatment of ACM patients. Different gene-targeted and transgenic animal models, human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) models, and heterologous expression systems have been developed. Here, this review aims to summarize preclinical ACM models and platforms promoting our understanding of the pathogenesis of ACM and assess their value in elucidating the ACM genotype-phenotype relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/ Mannheim, and Centre for Cardiovascular Acute Medicine Mannheim (ZKAM), Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Partner Site, Heidelberg-Mannheim, Germany
| | - Guoqiang Yang
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Research Unit of Molecular Imaging Probes, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Firat Duru
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Grilli
- Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/ Mannheim, and Centre for Cardiovascular Acute Medicine Mannheim (ZKAM), Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Partner Site, Heidelberg-Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/ Mannheim, and Centre for Cardiovascular Acute Medicine Mannheim (ZKAM), Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Partner Site, Heidelberg-Mannheim, Germany.
- First Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Ardan Muammer Saguner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ibrahim Ei-Battrawy
- European Center for AngioScience (ECAS), German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Heidelberg/ Mannheim, and Centre for Cardiovascular Acute Medicine Mannheim (ZKAM), Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Partner Site, Heidelberg-Mannheim, Germany.
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany; Institute of Physiology, Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology and Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr- University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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7
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Chen D, Wirth KM, Kizy S, Muretta JM, Markowski TW, Yong P, Sheka A, Abdelwahab H, Hertzel AV, Ikramuddin S, Yamamoto M, Bernlohr DA. Desmoglein 2 Functions as a Receptor for Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 in Breast Cancer Epithelial Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:836-848. [PMID: 37115197 PMCID: PMC10524127 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is a secreted adipokine linked to obesity and progression of a variety of cancers. Obesity increases extracellular FABP4 (eFABP4) levels in animal models and in obese breast cancer patients compared with lean healthy controls. Using MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer epithelial cells, we show herein that eFABP4 stimulates cellular proliferation in a time and concentration dependent manner while the non-fatty acid-binding mutant, R126Q, failed to potentiate growth. When E0771 murine breast cancer cells were injected into mice, FABP4 null animals exhibited delayed tumor growth and enhanced survival compared with injections into control C57Bl/6J animals. eFABP4 treatment of MCF-7 cells resulted in a significant increase in phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK), transcriptional activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and corresponding gene targets ALDH1A1, CYP1A1, HMOX1, SOD1 and decreased oxidative stress, while R126Q treatment did not show any effects. Proximity-labeling employing an APEX2-FABP4 fusion protein revealed several proteins functioning in desmosomes as eFABP4 receptor candidates including desmoglein (DSG), desmocollin, junction plankoglobin, desomoplankin, and cytokeratins. AlphaFold modeling predicted an interaction between eFABP4, and the extracellular cadherin repeats of DSG2 and pull-down and immunoprecipitation assays confirmed complex formation that was potentiated by oleic acid. Silencing of DSG2 in MCF-7 cells attenuated eFABP4 effects on cellular proliferation, pERK levels, and ALDH1A1 expression compared with controls. IMPLICATIONS These results suggest desmosomal proteins, and in particular desmoglein 2, may function as receptors of eFABP4 and provide new insight into the development and progression of obesity-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Keith M. Wirth
- Department of Surgery, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Scott Kizy
- Department of Surgery, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Joseph M. Muretta
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Peter Yong
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Adam Sheka
- Department of Surgery, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Hisham Abdelwahab
- Department of Surgery, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Ann V. Hertzel
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Sayeed Ikramuddin
- Department of Surgery, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Masato Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Masonic Cancer Center, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - David A Bernlohr
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
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8
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Psatha K, Kollipara L, Drakos E, Deligianni E, Brintakis K, Patsouris E, Sickmann A, Rassidakis GZ, Aivaliotis M. Interruption of p53-MDM2 Interaction by Nutlin-3a in Human Lymphoma Cell Models Initiates a Cell-Dependent Global Effect on Transcriptome and Proteome Level. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3903. [PMID: 37568720 PMCID: PMC10417430 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In most lymphomas, p53 signaling pathway is inactivated by various mechanisms independent to p53 gene mutations or deletions. In many cases, p53 function is largely regulated by alterations in the protein abundance levels by the action of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MDM2, targeting p53 to proteasome-mediated degradation. In the present study, an integrating transcriptomics and proteomics analysis was employed to investigate the effect of p53 activation by a small-molecule MDM2-antagonist, nutlin-3a, on three lymphoma cell models following p53 activation. Our analysis revealed a system-wide nutlin-3a-associated effect in all examined lymphoma types, identifying in total of 4037 differentially affected proteins involved in a plethora of pathways, with significant heterogeneity among lymphomas. Our findings include known p53-targets and novel p53 activation effects, involving transcription, translation, or degradation of protein components of pathways, such as a decrease in key members of PI3K/mTOR pathway, heat-shock response, and glycolysis, and an increase in key members of oxidative phoshosphorylation, autophagy and mitochondrial translation. Combined inhibition of HSP90 or PI3K/mTOR pathway with nutlin-3a-mediated p53-activation enhanced the apoptotic effects suggesting a promising strategy against human lymphomas. Integrated omic profiling after p53 activation offered novel insights on the regulatory role specific proteins and pathways may have in lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Psatha
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.P.); (E.D.)
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
- First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece;
- Functional Proteomics and Systems Biology (FunPATh), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Laxmikanth Kollipara
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften–ISAS–e.V., 44139 Dortmund, Germany; (L.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Elias Drakos
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Elena Deligianni
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.P.); (E.D.)
| | - Konstantinos Brintakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, 71110 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Eustratios Patsouris
- First Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece;
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften–ISAS–e.V., 44139 Dortmund, Germany; (L.K.); (A.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK
- Medizinische Fakultät, Medizinische Proteom-Center (MPC), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - George Z. Rassidakis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michalis Aivaliotis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.P.); (E.D.)
- Functional Proteomics and Systems Biology (FunPATh), Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Basic and Translational Research Unit, Special Unit for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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9
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Li J, Lan Z, Liao W, Horner JW, Xu X, Liu J, Yoshihama Y, Jiang S, Shim HS, Slotnik M, LaBella KA, Wu CJ, Dunner K, Hsu WH, Lee R, Khanduri I, Terranova C, Akdemir K, Chakravarti D, Shang X, Spring DJ, Wang YA, DePinho RA. Histone demethylase KDM5D upregulation drives sex differences in colon cancer. Nature 2023; 619:632-639. [PMID: 37344599 PMCID: PMC10529424 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06254-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Sex exerts a profound impact on cancer incidence, spectrum and outcomes, yet the molecular and genetic bases of such sex differences are ill-defined and presumptively ascribed to X-chromosome genes and sex hormones1. Such sex differences are particularly prominent in colorectal cancer (CRC) in which men experience higher metastases and mortality. A murine CRC model, engineered with an inducible transgene encoding oncogenic mutant KRASG12D and conditional null alleles of Apc and Trp53 tumour suppressors (designated iKAP)2, revealed higher metastases and worse outcomes specifically in males with oncogenic mutant KRAS (KRAS*) CRC. Integrated cross-species molecular and transcriptomic analyses identified Y-chromosome gene histone demethylase KDM5D as a transcriptionally upregulated gene driven by KRAS*-mediated activation of the STAT4 transcription factor. KDM5D-dependent chromatin mark and transcriptome changes showed repression of regulators of the epithelial cell tight junction and major histocompatibility complex class I complex components. Deletion of Kdm5d in iKAP cancer cells increased tight junction integrity, decreased cell invasiveness and enhanced cancer cell killing by CD8+ T cells. Conversely, iAP mice engineered with a Kdm5d transgene to provide constitutive Kdm5d expression specifically in iAP cancer cells showed an increased propensity for more invasive tumours in vivo. Thus, KRAS*-STAT4-mediated upregulation of Y chromosome KDM5D contributes substantially to the sex differences in KRAS* CRC by means of its disruption of cancer cell adhesion properties and tumour immunity, providing an actionable therapeutic strategy for metastasis risk reduction for men afflicted with KRAS* CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexi Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhengdao Lan
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wenting Liao
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - James W Horner
- TRACTION Platform, Division of Therapeutics Discovery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xueping Xu
- TRACTION Platform, Division of Therapeutics Discovery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jielin Liu
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yohei Yoshihama
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shan Jiang
- TRACTION Platform, Division of Therapeutics Discovery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hong Seok Shim
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Max Slotnik
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kyle A LaBella
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chang-Jiun Wu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kenneth Dunner
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wen-Hao Hsu
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rumi Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Isha Khanduri
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher Terranova
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kadir Akdemir
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deepavali Chakravarti
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoying Shang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Denise J Spring
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Y Alan Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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10
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Kumar YP, Muthukrishnan A, Rama Rao GR, Pavankumar YS. Role of desmosomal components in the initiation and metastasis of oral cancer-A review. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2023; 27:528-532. [PMID: 38033953 PMCID: PMC10683916 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_8_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Desmosomes are composed of a number of proteins, including cadherins, armadillo proteins and plakoplilins, which are responsible for mediating cell-cell adhesion. Cadherins are transmembrane proteins that bind to each other on adjacent cells, forming a strong adhesive bond between the cells. In normal tissues, desmosomes help to maintain the structural integrity of the tissue by holding the cells together. During carcinogenesis, the structure and function of desmosomes may be altered. For example, in oral cancer, the expression of certain cadherins may be increased, leading to increased cell-cell adhesion and a more cohesive tumour mass. This may contribute to the ability of cancer cells to evade the immune system and resist chemotherapy. In addition to their role in cell adhesion, desmosomes also play a role in cell signaling. The proteins that make up desmosomes can interact with signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation, migration and survival. Dysregulation of these pathways may contribute to the development and progression of oral cancer. There is also evidence that desmosomes may be involved in the process of invasion and metastasis, which is the spread of cancer cells from the primary tumour to other parts of the body. Cancer cells that have disrupted or abnormal desmosomes may be more likely to migrate and invade other tissues. Overall, desmosomes appear to be important in the development and progression of oral cancer. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of these cell-cell junctions in the disease and to identify potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yellarthi Pavan Kumar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Arvind Muthukrishnan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Y. Sandhya Pavankumar
- Department of Periodontics, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
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11
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Xu H, Chai CP, Miao X, Tang H, Hu JJ, Zhang H, Zhou WC. Establishment and characterization of a new human ampullary carcinoma cell line, DPC-X1. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:2642-2656. [PMID: 37213400 PMCID: PMC10198051 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i17.2642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An in-depth study of the pathogenesis and biological characteristics of ampullary carcinoma is necessary to identify appropriate treatment strategies. To date, only eight ampullary cancer cell lines have been reported, and a mixed-type ampullary carcinoma cell line has not yet been reported.
AIM To establish a stable mixed-type ampullary carcinoma cell line originating from Chinese.
METHODS Fresh ampullary cancer tissue samples were used for primary culture and subculture. The cell line was evaluated by cell proliferation assays, clonal formation assays, karyotype analysis, short tandem repeat (STR) analysis and transmission electron microscopy. Drug resistances against oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, gemcitabine and 5-FU were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay. Subcutaneous injection 1 × 106 cells to three BALB/c nude mice for xenograft studies. The hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to detect the pathological status of the cell line. The expression of biomarkers cytokeratin 7 (CK7), cytokeratin 20 (CK20), cytokeratin low molecular weight (CKL), Ki67 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were determined by immunocytochemistry assay.
RESULTS DPC-X1 was continuously cultivated for over a year and stably passaged for more than 80 generations; its population doubling time was 48 h. STR analysis demonstrated that the characteristics of DPC-X1 were highly consistent with those of the patient’s primary tumor. Furthermore, karyotype analysis revealed its abnormal sub-tetraploid karyotype. DPC-X1 could efficiently form organoids in suspension culture. Under the transmission electron microscope, microvilli and pseudopods were observed on the cell surface, and desmosomes were visible between the cells. DPC-X1 cells inoculated into BALB/C nude mice quickly formed transplanted tumors, with a tumor formation rate of 100%. Their pathological characteristics were similar to those of the primary tumor. Moreover, DPC-X1 was sensitive to oxaliplatin and paclitaxel and resistant to gemcitabine and 5-FU. Immunohistochemistry showed that the DPC-X1 cells were strongly positive for CK7, CK20, and CKL; the Ki67 was 50%, and CEA was focally expressed.
CONCLUSION Here, we have constructed a mixed-type ampullary carcinoma cell line that can be used as an effective model for studying the pathogenesis of ampullary carcinoma and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Chang-Peng Chai
- The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xin Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Huan Tang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jin-Jing Hu
- The Forth Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Wen-Ce Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China
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12
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Müller L, Keil R, Hatzfeld M. Plakophilin 3 facilitates G1/S phase transition and enhances proliferation by capturing RB protein in the cytoplasm and promoting EGFR signaling. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112031. [PMID: 36689330 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Plakophilin 3 (PKP3) is a component of desmosomes and is frequently overexpressed in cancer. Using keratinocytes either lacking or overexpressing PKP3, we identify a signaling axis from ERK to the retinoblastoma (RB) protein and the E2F1 transcription factor that is controlled by PKP3. RB and E2F1 are key components controlling G1/S transition in the cell cycle. We show that PKP3 stimulates the activity of ERK and its target RSK1. This inhibits expression of the transcription factor RUNX3, a positive regulator of the CDK inhibitor CDKN1A/p21, which is also downregulated by PKP3. Elevated CDKN1A prevents RB phosphorylation and E2F1 target gene expression, leading to delayed S phase entry and reduced proliferation in PKP3-depleted cells. Elevated PKP3 expression not only increases ERK activity but also captures phosphorylated RB (phospho-RB) in the cytoplasm to promote E2F1 activity and cell-cycle progression. These data identify a mechanism by which PKP3 promotes proliferation and acts as an oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Müller
- Charles Tanford Protein Research Center, Martin Luther University Halle, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department for Pathobiochemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - René Keil
- Charles Tanford Protein Research Center, Martin Luther University Halle, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department for Pathobiochemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Mechthild Hatzfeld
- Charles Tanford Protein Research Center, Martin Luther University Halle, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department for Pathobiochemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany.
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13
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SAKURAI KOUHEI, NAGAI AKIRA, ANDO TATSUYA, SAKAI YASUHIRO, IDETA YUKA, HAYASHI YUICHIRO, BABA JUNICHI, MITSUDO KENJI, AKITA MASAHARU, YAMAMICHI NOBUTAKE, FUJIGAKI HIDETSUGU, KATO TAKU, ITO HIROYASU. Cytomorphology and Gene Expression Signatures of Anchorage-independent Aggregations of Oral Cancer Cells. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2023; 20:64-74. [PMID: 36581338 PMCID: PMC9806669 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Cancer cells with high anchorage independence can survive and proliferate in the absence of adhesion to the extracellular matrix. Under anchorage-independent conditions, cancer cells adhere to each other and form aggregates to overcome various stresses. In this study, we investigated the cytomorphology and gene expression signatures of oral cancer cell aggregates. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two oral cancer-derived cell lines, SAS and HSC-3 cells, were cultured in a low-attachment plate and their cytomorphologies were observed. The transcriptome between attached and detached SAS cells was examined using gene expression microarrays. Subsequently, gene enrichment analysis and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis were performed. Gene expression changes under attached, detached, and re-attached conditions were measured via RT-qPCR. RESULTS While SAS cells formed multiple round-shaped aggregates, HSC-3 cells, which had lower anchorage independence, did not form aggregates efficiently. Each SAS cell in the aggregate was linked by desmosomes and tight junctions. Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed 1,698 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between attached and detached SAS cells. The DEGs were associated with various functions and processes, including cell adhesion. Moreover, under the detached condition, the expression of some epithelial genes (DSC3, DSP, CLDN1 and OCLN) were up-regulated. The changes in both cytomorphology and epithelial gene expression under the detached condition overall returned to their original ones when cells re-attached. CONCLUSION The results suggest specific cytomorphological and gene expression changes in oral cancer cell aggregates. Our findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying anchorage-independent oral cancer cell aggregation and reveal previously unknown potential diagnostic and therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- KOUHEI SAKURAI
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
| | - AKIRA NAGAI
- Student Researcher Program, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
| | - TATSUYA ANDO
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
| | - YASUHIRO SAKAI
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
| | - YUKA IDETA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - YUICHIRO HAYASHI
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - JUNICHI BABA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - KENJI MITSUDO
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - MASAHARU AKITA
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Kamakura Women’s University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - NOBUTAKE YAMAMICHI
- Center for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan,Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - HIDETSUGU FUJIGAKI
- Department of Advanced Diagnostic System Development, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
| | - TAKU KATO
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
| | - HIROYASU ITO
- Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
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14
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He B, Guo L, Hu Y, Huang H, Wan L, Xu K, Wang F, Wen Z. Desmocollin-2 inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma via the ERK/c-MYC signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:8805-8817. [DOI: 10.18632/aging.204370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Youwen Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Hongyan Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Lijun Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Kedong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Zhili Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
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15
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Sivagurunathan S, Vahabikashi A, Yang H, Zhang J, Vazquez K, Rajasundaram D, Politanska Y, Abdala-Valencia H, Notbohm J, Guo M, Adam SA, Goldman RD. Expression of vimentin alters cell mechanics, cell-cell adhesion, and gene expression profiles suggesting the induction of a hybrid EMT in human mammary epithelial cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:929495. [PMID: 36200046 PMCID: PMC9527304 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.929495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vimentin is a Type III intermediate filament (VIF) cytoskeletal protein that regulates the mechanical and migratory behavior of cells. Its expression is considered to be a marker for the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) that takes place in tumor metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms regulated by the expression of vimentin in the EMT remain largely unexplored. We created MCF7 epithelial cell lines expressing vimentin from a cumate-inducible promoter to address this question. When vimentin expression was induced in these cells, extensive cytoplasmic VIF networks were assembled accompanied by changes in the organization of the endogenous keratin intermediate filament networks and disruption of desmosomes. Significant reductions in intercellular forces by the cells expressing VIFs were measured by quantitative monolayer traction force and stress microscopy. In contrast, laser trapping micro-rheology revealed that the cytoplasm of MCF7 cells expressing VIFs was stiffer than the uninduced cells. Vimentin expression activated transcription of genes involved in pathways responsible for cell migration and locomotion. Importantly, the EMT related transcription factor TWIST1 was upregulated only in wild type vimentin expressing cells and not in cells expressing a mutant non-polymerized form of vimentin, which only formed unit length filaments (ULF). Taken together, our results suggest that vimentin expression induces a hybrid EMT correlated with the upregulation of genes involved in cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suganya Sivagurunathan
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Amir Vahabikashi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Haiqian Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA, United States
| | - Jun Zhang
- Biophysics Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Kelly Vazquez
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Dhivyaa Rajasundaram
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yuliya Politanska
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hiam Abdala-Valencia
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jacob Notbohm
- Biophysics Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA, United States
| | - Stephen A Adam
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Robert D Goldman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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16
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Huang Z, Zhang Z, Zhou C, Liu L, Huang C. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition: The history, regulatory mechanism, and cancer therapeutic opportunities. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e144. [PMID: 35601657 PMCID: PMC9115588 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a program wherein epithelial cells lose their junctions and polarity while acquiring mesenchymal properties and invasive ability. Originally defined as an embryogenesis event, EMT has been recognized as a crucial process in tumor progression. During EMT, cell–cell junctions and cell–matrix attachments are disrupted, and the cytoskeleton is remodeled to enhance mobility of cells. This transition of phenotype is largely driven by a group of key transcription factors, typically Snail, Twist, and ZEB, through epigenetic repression of epithelial markers, transcriptional activation of matrix metalloproteinases, and reorganization of cytoskeleton. Mechanistically, EMT is orchestrated by multiple pathways, especially those involved in embryogenesis such as TGFβ, Wnt, Hedgehog, and Hippo, suggesting EMT as an intrinsic link between embryonic development and cancer progression. In addition, redox signaling has also emerged as critical EMT modulator. EMT confers cancer cells with increased metastatic potential and drug resistant capacity, which accounts for tumor recurrence in most clinic cases. Thus, targeting EMT can be a therapeutic option providing a chance of cure for cancer patients. Here, we introduce a brief history of EMT and summarize recent advances in understanding EMT mechanisms, as well as highlighting the therapeutic opportunities by targeting EMT in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Chengwei Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University Ningbo China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University Ningbo China
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu 610041 China
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17
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Yang T, Jia L, Bian S, Chang X, Zhang Q, Tang Q, Zhu J, Yang Z, Feng Z. TROP2 Down-Regulated DSG2 to Promote Gastric Cancer Cell Invasion and Migration by EGFR/AKT and DSG2/PG/β-Catenin Pathways. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:691-702. [PMID: 35392784 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220407111013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Explore the specific mechanism of TROP2 in promoting cancer in gastric cancer, and provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer. Background Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most commonly found cancer and the second highest cause of cancer related death worldwide, TROP2 overexpression is closely related with many cancers including gastrointestinal tumors, DSG2 is an important protein in cell adhesion and its loss is related to cell migration. OBJECTIVE Explore the specific mechanism of TROP2 in promoting cancer in gastric cancer, and provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer. METHOD DSG2 was identified as an interacting protein of TROP2 in GC cells by co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. The regulated behavior of TROP2 on DSG2 expression was investigated with TROP2 over-expressure or knockdown. Cell-cell adhesion capacity medicated by DSG2 was evaluated by adhesion related assays. Electron microscope observation was utilized for accessing GC tumor desmosome assembly. Proteins in EGFR/AKT and DSG2/PG/β-catenin pathways were evaluated by western blotting. RESULT This study suggests that abundant expression of TROP2 in GC cells lessened DSG2 levels as well as desmosome adhesion, increased cell invasion, migration and promoted malignant progression through EGFR/AKT and DSG2/PG/β-catenin pathways. CONCLUSION TROP2 promotes gastric cancer cell invasion and migration by decreasing DSG2 expression through EGFR/AKT and DSG2/PG/β-catenin pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lizhou Jia
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Susu Bian
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xinxia Chang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Zhiping Yang
- Cancer Center, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, Inner Mongolia 015000, China
| | - Zhenqing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab. of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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18
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Boyero L, Martin-Padron J, Fárez-Vidal ME, Rodriguez MI, Andrades Á, Peinado P, Arenas AM, Ritoré-Salazar F, Alvarez-Perez JC, Cuadros M, Medina PP. PKP1 and MYC create a feedforward loop linking transcription and translation in squamous cell lung cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:323-332. [PMID: 35182388 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00660-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Plakophilin 1 (PKP1) is well-known as an important component of the desmosome, a cell structure specialized in spot-like cell-to-cell adhesion. Although desmosomes have generally been associated with tumor suppressor functions, we recently found that PKP1 is recurrently overexpressed in squamous cell lung cancer (SqCLC) to exert an oncogenic role by enhancing the translation of MYC (c-Myc), a major oncogene. In this study, we aim to further characterize the functional relationship between PKP1 and MYC. METHODS To determine the functional relationship between PKP1 and MYC, we performed correlation analyses between PKP1 and MYC mRNA expression levels, gain/loss of function models, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and promoter mutagenesis followed by luciferase assays. RESULTS We found a significant correlation between the mRNA levels of MYC and PKP1 in SqCLC primary tumor samples. In addition, we found that MYC is a direct transcription factor of PKP1 and binds to specific sequences within its promoter. In agreement with this, we found that MYC knockdown reduced PKP1 protein expression in different SqCLC models, which may explain the PKP1-MYC correlation that we found. Conversely, we found that PKP1 knockdown reduced MYC protein expression, while PKP1 overexpression enhanced MYC expression in these models. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, we propose a feedforward functional relationship in which PKP1 enhances MYC translation in conjunction with the translation initiation complex by binding to the 5'-UTR of MYC mRNA, whereas MYC promotes PKP1 transcription by binding to its promoter. These results suggest that PKP1 may serve as a therapeutic target for SqCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Boyero
- Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, University of Seville), Seville, Spain
| | - Joel Martin-Padron
- Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María Esther Fárez-Vidal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research Ibs. Granada, University Hospital Complex of Granada/University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Rodriguez
- Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research Ibs. Granada, University Hospital Complex of Granada/University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Álvaro Andrades
- Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research Ibs. Granada, University Hospital Complex of Granada/University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Paola Peinado
- Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS) (HUVR, CSIC, University of Seville), Seville, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Alberto M Arenas
- Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Félix Ritoré-Salazar
- Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Alvarez-Perez
- Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research Ibs. Granada, University Hospital Complex of Granada/University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Marta Cuadros
- Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research Ibs. Granada, University Hospital Complex of Granada/University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro P Medina
- Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain.
- Institute for Biomedical Research Ibs. Granada, University Hospital Complex of Granada/University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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19
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Hegazy M, Perl AL, Svoboda SA, Green KJ. Desmosomal Cadherins in Health and Disease. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 17:47-72. [PMID: 34425055 PMCID: PMC8792335 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042320-092912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Desmosomal cadherins are a recent evolutionary innovation that make up the adhesive core of highly specialized intercellular junctions called desmosomes. Desmosomal cadherins, which are grouped into desmogleins and desmocollins, are related to the classical cadherins, but their cytoplasmic domains are tailored for anchoring intermediate filaments instead of actin to sites of cell-cell adhesion. The resulting junctions are critical for resisting mechanical stress in tissues such as the skin and heart. Desmosomal cadherins also act as signaling hubs that promote differentiation and facilitate morphogenesis, creating more complex and effective tissue barriers in vertebrate tissues. Interference with desmosomal cadherin adhesive and supra-adhesive functions leads to a variety of autoimmune, hereditary, toxin-mediated, and malignant diseases. We review our current understanding of how desmosomal cadherins contribute to human health and disease, highlight gaps in our knowledge about their regulation and function, and introduce promising new directions toward combatting desmosome-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marihan Hegazy
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Abbey L. Perl
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Sophia A. Svoboda
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Kathleen J. Green
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA,Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, and Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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20
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Troeltzsch M, Künzel V, Haidari S, Troeltzsch M, Otto S, Ehrenfeld M, Probst F, Knösel T. Desmoglein-3 overexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma is associated with metastasis formation and early recurrence: An immunohistochemical study. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2021; 50:281-288. [PMID: 34887169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the expression patterns of specific desmosomal cadherins (desmogleins [DSG] 1/2/3) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and to examine possible associations with clinicopathological parameters and recurrence rates. Changes in desmosomal cadherin assembly may promote tumor metastasis formation. Patients with surgically treated OSCC with 36-60 months of follow-up (median 46 months) qualified for inclusion in this retrospective cohort study. Demographic, clinical and pathohistological data were collected. DSG-1/2/3 expression patterns were determined by an immunohistochemical approach on tissue microarrays. Descriptive and inferential statistics and survival analyses were computed (p ≤ 0.05). The study sample consisted of 88 patients (female: 38; male: 50; average age: 63.02 ± 17.5 years). DSG-3 overexpression was detected in 45 of 88 specimens. The expression rates for DSG-1 (28/88) and DSG-2 (14/88) were low and inconspicuous. DSG-3 overexpression was significantly associated with poor histologic differentiation (G3, p = 0.001), the presence of cervical node metastasis at primary diagnosis (N+ status, p = 0.001) and early recurrence (p = 0.001). Due to its possible relevance for lymph node metastasis formation and early OSCC recurrence, determination of DSG-3 expression in OSCC specimens may be a valuable tool for treatment planning and post-therapeutic risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Troeltzsch
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Center of Oral, Maxillofacial and Facial Reconstructive Surgery, Ansbach, Germany.
| | - Verena Künzel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Selgai Haidari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Troeltzsch
- Center of Oral, Maxillofacial and Facial Reconstructive Surgery, Ansbach, Germany
| | - Sven Otto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Martin-Luther University Halle, Germany
| | - Michael Ehrenfeld
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Probst
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Knösel
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
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21
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Szadai L, Velasquez E, Szeitz B, de Almeida NP, Domont G, Betancourt LH, Gil J, Marko-Varga M, Oskolas H, Jánosi ÁJ, Boyano-Adánez MDC, Kemény L, Baldetorp B, Malm J, Horvatovich P, Szász AM, Németh IB, Marko-Varga G. Deep Proteomic Analysis on Biobanked Paraffine-Archived Melanoma with Prognostic/Predictive Biomarker Read-Out. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6105. [PMID: 34885218 PMCID: PMC8657028 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of novel protein biomarkers in melanoma is crucial. Our introduction of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor protocol provides new opportunities to understand the progression of melanoma and open the possibility to screen thousands of FFPE samples deposited in tumor biobanks and available at hospital pathology departments. In our retrospective biobank pilot study, 90 FFPE samples from 77 patients were processed. Protein quantitation was performed by high-resolution mass spectrometry and validated by histopathologic analysis. The global protein expression formed six sample clusters. Proteins such as TRAF6 and ARMC10 were upregulated in clusters with enrichment for shorter survival, and proteins such as AIFI1 were upregulated in clusters with enrichment for longer survival. The cohort's heterogeneity was addressed by comparing primary and metastasis samples, as well comparing clinical stages. Within immunotherapy and targeted therapy subgroups, the upregulation of the VEGFA-VEGFR2 pathway, RNA splicing, increased activity of immune cells, extracellular matrix, and metabolic pathways were positively associated with patient outcome. To summarize, we were able to (i) link global protein expression profiles to survival, and they proved to be an independent prognostic indicator, as well as (ii) identify proteins that are potential predictors of a patient's response to immunotherapy and targeted therapy, suggesting new opportunities for precision medicine developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Szadai
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.J.J.); (L.K.); (I.B.N.)
| | - Erika Velasquez
- Section for Clinical Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden; (E.V.); (J.M.)
| | - Beáta Szeitz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (B.S.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Natália Pinto de Almeida
- Clinical Protein Science & Imaging, Biomedical Centre, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, BMC D13, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (N.P.d.A.); (M.M.-V.); (G.M.-V.)
- Chemistry Institute Federal, University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janiero 21941-901, Brazil;
| | - Gilberto Domont
- Chemistry Institute Federal, University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janiero 21941-901, Brazil;
| | - Lazaro Hiram Betancourt
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden; (L.H.B.); (J.G.); (H.O.); (B.B.)
| | - Jeovanis Gil
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden; (L.H.B.); (J.G.); (H.O.); (B.B.)
| | - Matilda Marko-Varga
- Clinical Protein Science & Imaging, Biomedical Centre, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, BMC D13, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (N.P.d.A.); (M.M.-V.); (G.M.-V.)
| | - Henriett Oskolas
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden; (L.H.B.); (J.G.); (H.O.); (B.B.)
| | - Ágnes Judit Jánosi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.J.J.); (L.K.); (I.B.N.)
| | - Maria del Carmen Boyano-Adánez
- Department of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcala de Henares, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain;
| | - Lajos Kemény
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.J.J.); (L.K.); (I.B.N.)
- HCEMM-USZ Skin Research Group, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bo Baldetorp
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden; (L.H.B.); (J.G.); (H.O.); (B.B.)
| | - Johan Malm
- Section for Clinical Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden; (E.V.); (J.M.)
| | - Peter Horvatovich
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - A. Marcell Szász
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (B.S.); (A.M.S.)
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Balázs Németh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.J.J.); (L.K.); (I.B.N.)
| | - György Marko-Varga
- Clinical Protein Science & Imaging, Biomedical Centre, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, BMC D13, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; (N.P.d.A.); (M.M.-V.); (G.M.-V.)
- Chemical Genomics Global Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
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22
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Alsharif S, Sharma P, Bursch K, Milliken R, Lam V, Fallatah A, Phan T, Collins M, Dohlman P, Tiufekchiev S, Nehmetallah G, Raub CB, Chung BM. Keratin 19 maintains E-cadherin localization at the cell surface and stabilizes cell-cell adhesion of MCF7 cells. Cell Adh Migr 2021; 15:1-17. [PMID: 33393839 PMCID: PMC7801129 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2020.1868694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A cytoskeletal protein keratin 19 (K19) is highly expressed in breast cancer but its effects on breast cancer cell mechanics are unclear. In MCF7 cells where K19 expression is ablated,we found that K19 is required to maintain rounded epithelial-like shape and tight cell-cell adhesion. A loss of K19 also lowered cell surface E-cadherin levels. Inhibiting internalization restored cell-cell adhesion of KRT19 knockout cells, suggesting that E-cadherin internalization contributed to defective adhesion. Ultimately, while K19 inhibited cell migration and invasion, it was required for cells to form colonies in suspension. Our results suggest that K19 stabilizes E-cadherin complexes at the cell membrane to maintain cell-cell adhesion which inhibits cell invasiveness but provides growth and survival advantages for circulating tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alsharif
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Pooja Sharma
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Karina Bursch
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Rachel Milliken
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Van Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Arwa Fallatah
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Thuc Phan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Meagan Collins
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Priya Dohlman
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Sarah Tiufekchiev
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Georges Nehmetallah
- Department of Electrical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Christopher B. Raub
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Byung Min Chung
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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23
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Yang Y, Hwang H, Im JE, Lee K, Bhoo SH, Yoo JS, Kim YH, Kim JY. Flashlight into the Function of Unannotated C11orf52 using Affinity Purification Mass Spectrometry. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:5340-5346. [PMID: 34739247 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For an enhanced understanding of the biological mechanisms of human disease, it is essential to investigate protein functions. In a previous study, we developed a prediction method of gene ontology (GO) terms by the I-TASSER/COFACTOR result, and we applied this to uPE1 in chromosome 11. Here, to validate the bioinformatics prediction of C11orf52, we utilized affinity purification and mass spectrometry to identify interacting partners of C11orf52. Using immunoprecipitation methods with three different peptide tags (Myc, Flag, and 2B8) in HEK 293T cell lines, we identified 79 candidate proteins that are expected to interact with C11orf52. The results of a pathway analysis of the GO and STRING database with candidate proteins showed that C11orf52 could be related to signaling receptor binding, cell-cell adhesion, and ribosome biogenesis. Then, we selected three partner candidates of DSG1, JUP, and PTPN11 for verification of the interaction with C11orf52 and confirmed them by colocalization at the cell-cell junctions by coimmunofluorescence experiments. On the basis of this study, we expect that C11orf52 is related to the Wnt signaling pathway via DSG1 from the protein-protein interactions, given the results of a comprehensive analysis of the bioinformatic predictions. The data set is available at the ProteomeXchange consortium via PRIDE repository (PXD026986).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeji Yang
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeyoun Hwang
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Im
- Division of Convergence Technology, Research Institute of National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungha Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hee Bhoo
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Shin Yoo
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Kim
- Division of Convergence Technology, Research Institute of National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea.,Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, The National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
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24
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Saxena M, Hisano M, Neutzner M, Diepenbruck M, Ivanek R, Sharma K, Kalathur RKR, Bürglin TR, Risoli S, Christofori G. The long non-coding RNA ET-20 mediates EMT by impairing desmosomes in breast cancer cells. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:272428. [PMID: 34633031 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of breast cancer-associated deaths are due to metastatic spread of cancer cells, a process aided by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mounting evidence has indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) also contribute to tumor progression. We report the identification of 114 novel lncRNAs that change their expression during TGFβ-induced EMT in murine breast cancer cells (referred to as EMT-associated transcripts; ETs). Of these, the ET-20 gene localizes in antisense orientation within the tenascin C (Tnc) gene locus. TNC is an extracellular matrix protein that is critical for EMT and metastasis formation. Both ET-20 and Tnc are regulated by the EMT master transcription factor Sox4. Notably, ablation of ET-20 lncRNA effectively blocks Tnc expression and with it EMT. Mechanistically, ET-20 interacts with desmosomal proteins, thereby impairing epithelial desmosomes and promoting EMT. A short transcript variant of ET-20 is shown to be upregulated in invasive human breast cancer cell lines, where it also promotes EMT. Targeting ET-20 appears to be a therapeutically attractive lead to restrain EMT and breast cancer metastasis in addition to its potential utility as a biomarker for invasive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Saxena
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mizue Hisano
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Neutzner
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maren Diepenbruck
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert Ivanek
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kirti Sharma
- Proteomics Kymera Therapeutics Basel Cambridge, MA 02472, USA
| | - Ravi K R Kalathur
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, 3052 Parkville, Australia
| | - Thomas R Bürglin
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Risoli
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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25
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Fülle JB, Huppert H, Liebl D, Liu J, Alves de Almeida R, Yanes B, Wright GD, Lane EB, Garrod DR, Ballestrem C. Desmosome dualism - most of the junction is stable, but a plakophilin moiety is persistently dynamic. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:272445. [PMID: 34635908 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Desmosomes, strong cell-cell junctions of epithelia and cardiac muscle, link intermediate filaments to cell membranes and mechanically integrate cells across tissues, dissipating mechanical stress. They comprise five major protein classes - desmocollins and desmogleins (the desmosomal cadherins), plakoglobin, plakophilins and desmoplakin - whose individual contribution to the structure and turnover of desmosomes is poorly understood. Using live-cell imaging together with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and fluorescence loss and localisation after photobleaching (FLAP), we show that desmosomes consist of two contrasting protein moieties or modules: a very stable moiety of desmosomal cadherins, desmoplakin and plakoglobin, and a highly mobile plakophilin (Pkp2a). As desmosomes mature from Ca2+ dependence to Ca2+-independent hyper-adhesion, their stability increases, but Pkp2a remains highly mobile. We show that desmosome downregulation during growth-factor-induced cell scattering proceeds by internalisation of whole desmosomes, which still retain a stable moiety and highly mobile Pkp2a. This molecular mobility of Pkp2a suggests a transient and probably regulatory role for Pkp2a in desmosomes. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith B Fülle
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.,Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency of Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, 138648 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henri Huppert
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.,Institute of Medical Biology, Agency of Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Dr, 138673 Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Liebl
- A*STAR Microscopy Platform, Research Support Centre, Agency of Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis 138673 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jaron Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency of Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Dr, 138673 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rogerio Alves de Almeida
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Bian Yanes
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Graham D Wright
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency of Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, 138648 Singapore, Singapore.,A*STAR Microscopy Platform, Research Support Centre, Agency of Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Biopolis 138673 Singapore, Singapore
| | - E Birgitte Lane
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency of Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-06 Immunos, 138648 Singapore, Singapore
| | - David R Garrod
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Christoph Ballestrem
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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26
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Schamschula E, Lahnsteiner A, Assenov Y, Hagmann W, Zaborsky N, Wiederstein M, Strobl A, Stanke F, Muley T, Plass C, Tümmler B, Risch A. Disease-related blood-based differential methylation in cystic fibrosis and its representation in lung cancer revealed a regulatory locus in PKP3 in lung epithelial cells. Epigenetics 2021; 17:837-860. [PMID: 34415821 PMCID: PMC9423854 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1959976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a monogenic disease, characterized by massive chronic lung inflammation. The observed variability in clinical phenotypes in monozygotic CF twins is likely associated with the extent of inflammation. This study sought to investigate inflammation-related aberrant DNA methylation in CF twins and to determine to what extent acquired methylation changes may be associated with lung cancer. Blood-based genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was performed to compare the DNA methylomes of monozygotic twins, from the European CF Twin and Sibling Study with various degrees of disease severity. Putatively inflammation-related and differentially methylated positions were selected from a large lung cancer case-control study and investigated in blood by targeted bisulphite next-generation-sequencing. An inflammation-related locus located in the Plakophilin-3 (PKP3) gene was functionally analysed regarding promoter and enhancer activity in presence and absence of methylation using luciferase reporter assays. We confirmed in a unique cohort that monozygotic twins, even if clinically discordant, have only minor differences in global DNA methylation patterns and blood cell composition. Further, we determined the most differentially methylated positions, a high proportion of which are blood cell-type-specific, whereas others may be acquired and thus have potential relevance in the context of inflammation as lung cancer risk factors. We identified a sequence in the gene body of PKP3 which is hypermethylated in blood from CF twins with severe phenotype and highly variably methylated in lung cancer patients and controls, independent of known clinical parameters, and showed that this region exhibits methylation-dependent promoter activity in lung epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yassen Assenov
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hagmann
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadja Zaborsky
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Anna Strobl
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Frauke Stanke
- Clinical Research Group, Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and NeonatologyClinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Muley
- Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Plass
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Tümmler
- Clinical Research Group, Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and NeonatologyClinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
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27
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Abula Y, Su Y, Tuniyazi D, Yi C. Desmoglein 3 contributes to tumorigenicity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through activating Src-FAK signaling. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2021; 25:195-202. [PMID: 34262662 PMCID: PMC8253207 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2021.1943707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Desmogleins (DSGs), with the ability to link adjacent cells, have been shown to participate in the development of malignancy. DSG3 was up-regulated in various cancers, including lung, head and neck, and esophagus squamous cell carcinoma, which contributed to the tumor progression. The role of DSG3 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) still remains elusive. Here, the expression of DSG3 was found to be enhanced in pancreatic cancer cell lines in vitro. Functional assays showed that shRNA-mediated knockdown of DSG3 decreased cell viability of pancreatic cancer cells and retarded the cell proliferation, migration and invasion. However, pcDNA-mediated over-expression of DSG3 exhibited reversed effect on pancreatic cancer cell progression. In addition, the in vivo assay demonstrated that transfection of shDSG3 lentiviruses into pancreatic cancer cells repressed the tumorigenicity of PDAC after the cancer cells were transplanted into mice subcutaneously. Elevated DSG3 expression promoted the phosphorylation of Src (p-Src), focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK) and AKT (p-AKT) in vitro, while silence of DSG3 reduced the expression of p-Src, p-FAK and p-AKT both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, DSG3, as an oncogene, contributed to the tumorigenicity of PDAC through activating Src-FAK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimamumaimaitijiang Abula
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yating Su
- Department of Medical, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dilixiati Tuniyazi
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Yi
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People’s Republic of China
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28
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Mezera MA, Li W, Liu L, Meidan R, Peñagaricano F, Wiltbank MC. Effect of natural pre-luteolytic prostaglandin F2α pulses on the bovine luteal transcriptome during spontaneous luteal regression. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:1016-1029. [PMID: 34170313 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The pulsatile pattern of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF) secretion during spontaneous luteolysis is well-documented, with multiple pulses of exogenous PGF necessary to induce regression using physiologic concentrations of PGF. However, during spontaneous regression, the earliest pulses of PGF are small and not associated with detectable changes in circulating progesterone (P4), bringing into question what, if any, role these early, subluteolytic PGF pulses have during physiologic regression. To investigate the effect of small PGF pulses, luteal biopsies were collected throughout natural luteolysis in conjunction with bihourly blood samples to determine circulating P4 and PGF metabolite to retrospectively assign biopsies to early and later regression. Whole transcriptome analysis was conducted on CL biopsies. Early PGF pulses altered the luteal transcriptome, inducing differential expression of 210 genes (Q < 0.05) during early regression, compared to 4615 differentially expressed genes during later regression. In early regression, few of these differentially expressed genes were directly associated with luteolysis, rather there were changes in local steroid and glutathione metabolism. Most (94%) differentially expressed genes from early regression were also differentially expressed during later regression, with 98% of these continuing to be altered in the same direction compared to CL at a similar stage of the cycle that had not yet been exposed to PGF. Thus, early, subluteolytic PGF pulses impact the luteal transcriptome, though not by altering steroidogenesis or causing direct inhibition of cellular function. Rather, small pulses alter pathways resulting in removal of cellular support systems, which may sensitize the CL to later pulses of PGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Mezera
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences and 2Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,USDA Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Wenli Li
- USDA Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Lihe Liu
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences and 2Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Rina Meidan
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | - Francisco Peñagaricano
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences and 2Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Milo C Wiltbank
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences and 2Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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29
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Desmoglein-2 harnesses a PDZ-GEF2/Rap1 signaling axis to control cell spreading and focal adhesions independent of cell-cell adhesion. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13295. [PMID: 34168237 PMCID: PMC8225821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92675-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmosomes have a central role in mediating extracellular adhesion between cells, but they also coordinate other biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and migration. In particular, several lines of evidence have implicated desmosomal proteins in regulating the actin cytoskeleton and attachment to the extracellular matrix, indicating signaling crosstalk between cell–cell junctions and cell–matrix adhesions. In our study, we found that cells lacking the desmosomal cadherin Desmoglein-2 (Dsg2) displayed a significant increase in spreading area on both fibronectin and collagen, compared to control A431 cells. Intriguingly, this effect was observed in single spreading cells, indicating that Dsg2 can exert its effects on cell spreading independent of cell–cell adhesion. We hypothesized that Dsg2 may mediate cell–matrix adhesion via control of Rap1 GTPase, which is well known as a central regulator of cell spreading dynamics. We show that Rap1 activity is elevated in Dsg2 knockout cells, and that Dsg2 harnesses Rap1 and downstream TGFβ signaling to influence both cell spreading and focal adhesion protein phosphorylation. Further analysis implicated the Rap GEF PDZ-GEF2 in mediating Dsg2-dependent cell spreading. These data have identified a novel role for Dsg2 in controlling cell spreading, providing insight into the mechanisms via which cadherins exert non-canonical junction-independent effects.
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30
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Eviston TJ, Minaei E, Mueller SA, Ahmadi N, Ashford B, Clark JR, West N, Zhang P, Gupta R, Ranson M. Gene expression profiling of perineural invasion in head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13192. [PMID: 34162930 PMCID: PMC8222302 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92335-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Perineural invasion (PNI) is frequently associated with aggressive clinical behaviour in head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (HNcSCC) leading to local recurrence and treatment failure. This study evaluates the gene expression profiles of HNcSCC with PNI using a differential expression analysis approach and constructs a tailored gene panel for sensitivity and specificity analysis. 45 cases of HNcSCC were stratified into three groups (Extensive, Focal and Non PNI) based on predefined clinicopathological criteria. Here we show HNcSCC with extensive PNI demonstrates significant up- and down-regulation of 144 genes associated with extracellular matrix interactions, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, cell adhesion, cellular motility, angiogenesis, and cellular differentiation. Gene expression of focal and non PNI cohorts were indistinguishable and were combined for further analyses. There is clinicopathological correlation between gene expression analysis findings and disease behaviour and a tailored panel of 10 genes was able to identify extensive PNI with 96% sensitivity and 95% specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Eviston
- The Sydney Head and Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Elahe Minaei
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Oncology Education and Research Translation (CONCERT), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon A Mueller
- The Sydney Head and Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Navid Ahmadi
- The Sydney Head and Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruce Ashford
- The Sydney Head and Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Oncology Education and Research Translation (CONCERT), Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra and Shoalhaven Local Health District (ISLHD), Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan R Clark
- The Sydney Head and Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Royal Prince Alfred Institute of Academic Surgery, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicholas West
- Systems Biology and Data Science, Griffith Systems Biology Centre, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Ping Zhang
- Systems Biology and Data Science, Griffith Systems Biology Centre, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Ruta Gupta
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marie Ranson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Oncology Education and Research Translation (CONCERT), Sydney, NSW, Australia
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31
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Liu YQ, Zou HY, Xie JJ, Fang WK. Paradoxical Roles of Desmosomal Components in Head and Neck Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060914. [PMID: 34203070 PMCID: PMC8234459 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Desmosomes are intercellular adhesion complexes involved in various aspects of epithelial pathophysiology, including tissue homeostasis, morphogenesis, and disease development. Recent studies have reported that the abnormal expression of various desmosomal components correlates with tumor progression and poor survival. In addition, desmosomes have been shown to act as a signaling platform to regulate the proliferation, invasion, migration, morphogenesis, and apoptosis of cancer cells. The occurrence and progression of head and neck cancer (HNC) is accompanied by abnormal expression of desmosomal components and loss of desmosome structure. However, the role of desmosomal components in the progression of HNC remains controversial. This review aims to provide an overview of recent developments showing the paradoxical roles of desmosomal components in tumor suppression and promotion. It offers valuable insights for HNC diagnosis and therapeutics development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Qiao Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (Y.-Q.L.); (H.-Y.Z.)
| | - Hai-Ying Zou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (Y.-Q.L.); (H.-Y.Z.)
| | - Jian-Jun Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (Y.-Q.L.); (H.-Y.Z.)
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Correspondence: (J.-J.X.); (W.-K.F.)
| | - Wang-Kai Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; (Y.-Q.L.); (H.-Y.Z.)
- Precision Medicine Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Correspondence: (J.-J.X.); (W.-K.F.)
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32
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Liang Y, Lyon RC, Pellman J, Bradford WH, Lange S, Bogomolovas J, Dalton ND, Gu Y, Bobar M, Lee MH, Iwakuma T, Nigam V, Asimaki A, Scheinman M, Peterson KL, Sheikh F. Desmosomal COP9 regulates proteome degradation in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:137689. [PMID: 33857019 PMCID: PMC8159691 DOI: 10.1172/jci137689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated protein degradative pathways are increasingly recognized as mediators of human disease. This mechanism may have particular relevance to desmosomal proteins that play critical structural roles in both tissue architecture and cell-cell communication, as destabilization/breakdown of the desmosomal proteome is a hallmark of genetic-based desmosomal-targeted diseases, such as the cardiac disease arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C). However, no information exists on whether there are resident proteins that regulate desmosomal proteome homeostasis. Here, we uncovered a cardiac constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) desmosomal resident protein complex, composed of subunit 6 of the COP9 signalosome (CSN6), that enzymatically restricted neddylation and targeted desmosomal proteome degradation. CSN6 binding, localization, levels, and function were affected in hearts of classic mouse and human models of ARVD/C affected by desmosomal loss and mutations, respectively. Loss of desmosomal proteome degradation control due to junctional reduction/loss of CSN6 and human desmosomal mutations destabilizing junctional CSN6 were also sufficient to trigger ARVD/C in mice. We identified a desmosomal resident regulatory complex that restricted desmosomal proteome degradation and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Robert C. Lyon
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jason Pellman
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - William H. Bradford
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Stephan Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julius Bogomolovas
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nancy D. Dalton
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yusu Gu
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Marcus Bobar
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Mong-Hong Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tomoo Iwakuma
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Vishal Nigam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute and University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Angeliki Asimaki
- Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, St. George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melvin Scheinman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiac Electrophysiology Section, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kirk L. Peterson
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Farah Sheikh
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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33
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Wesley T, Berzins S, Kannourakis G, Ahmed N. The attributes of plakins in cancer and disease: perspectives on ovarian cancer progression, chemoresistance and recurrence. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:55. [PMID: 34001250 PMCID: PMC8127266 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The plakin family of cytoskeletal proteins play an important role in cancer progression yet are under-studied in cancer, especially ovarian cancer. These large cytoskeletal proteins have primary roles in the maintenance of cytoskeletal integrity but are also associated with scaffolds of intermediate filaments and hemidesmosomal adhesion complexes mediating signalling pathways that regulate cellular growth, migration, invasion and differentiation as well as stress response. Abnormalities of plakins, and the closely related spectraplakins, result in diseases of the skin, striated muscle and nervous tissue. Their prevalence in epithelial cells suggests that plakins may play a role in epithelial ovarian cancer progression and recurrence. In this review article, we explore the roles of plakins, particularly plectin, periplakin and envoplakin in disease-states and cancers with emphasis on ovarian cancer. We discuss the potential role the plakin family of proteins play in regulating cancer cell growth, survival, migration, invasion and drug resistance. We highlight potential relationships between plakins, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) and discuss how interaction of these processes may affect ovarian cancer progression, chemoresistance and ultimately recurrence. We propose that molecular changes in the expression of plakins leads to the transition of benign ovarian tumours to carcinomas, as well as floating cellular aggregates (commonly known as spheroids) in the ascites microenvironment, which may contribute to the sustenance and progression of the disease. In this review, attempts have been made to understand the crucial changes in plakin expression in relation to progression and recurrence of ovarian cancer. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsin Wesley
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Technology Central Park, Suites 23-26, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia.,School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Stuart Berzins
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Technology Central Park, Suites 23-26, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia.,School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - George Kannourakis
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Technology Central Park, Suites 23-26, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia.,School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Nuzhat Ahmed
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Ballarat Technology Central Park, Suites 23-26, 106-110 Lydiard Street South, Ballarat, VIC, 3353, Australia. .,School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Centre for Reproductive Health, The Hudson Institute of Medical Research and Department of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia.
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34
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Emad A, Sinha S. Inference of phenotype-relevant transcriptional regulatory networks elucidates cancer type-specific regulatory mechanisms in a pan-cancer study. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2021; 7:9. [PMID: 33558504 PMCID: PMC7870953 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-021-00169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of transcriptional regulatory networks (TRNs) is a powerful approach to unravel the gene expression programs involved in healthy and disease states of a cell. However, these networks are usually reconstructed independent of the phenotypic (or clinical) properties of the samples. Therefore, they may confound regulatory mechanisms that are specifically related to a phenotypic property with more general mechanisms underlying the full complement of the analyzed samples. In this study, we develop a method called InPheRNo to identify "phenotype-relevant" TRNs. This method is based on a probabilistic graphical model that models the simultaneous effects of multiple transcription factors (TFs) on their target genes and the statistical relationship between the target genes' expression and the phenotype. Extensive comparison of InPheRNo with related approaches using primary tumor samples of 18 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas reveals that InPheRNo can accurately reconstruct cancer type-relevant TRNs and identify cancer driver TFs. In addition, survival analysis reveals that the activity level of TFs with many target genes could distinguish patients with poor prognosis from those with better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Emad
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Saurabh Sinha
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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35
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Yang T, Gu X, Jia L, Guo J, Tang Q, Zhu J, Zhao W, Feng Z. DSG2 expression is low in colon cancer and correlates with poor survival. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:7. [PMID: 33407183 PMCID: PMC7789404 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01588-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Desmoglein2 (DSG2) is a transmembrane protein that helps regulate intercellular connections and contributes to desmosome assembly. Desmosome are associated with cell adhesion junctions, which play an important role in cancer progression specially cancer cell migration and invasion. However, DSG2 expression in colon cancer (CC) and its association with CC patients’ overall survival (OS) are still unclear. Methods We collected 587 CC samples, 41 colitis tissues and 114 pericarcinomatous tissues, as well as corresponding clinicopathological data about the patients who contributed them. All samples were tested immunohistochemically in tissue microarrays. Kaplan–Meier method was used for calculating patient survival. Univariate and multivariate analyses was used for investigating DGS2 link with CC patient’s clinicopathological factors. Bioinformatics analysis was also used in study. Results The results showed that DSG2 expression was lower in CC tissues than in pericarcinomatous tissues (P < 0.001). DSG2 expression was associated with differentiation (P = 0.033), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.045), distant metastasis (P = 0.006) and AJCC stage (P < 0.001). Univariate analysis indicated that poor OS in patients with CC was associated with low DSG2 expression (P < 0.001), tumor size (P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), distant metastasis (P < 0.001), AJCC stage (P < 0.001) and venous invasion (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, low DSG2 expression (P < 0.001), distant metastasis (P < 0.001), AJCC stage (P = 0.002), venous invasion (P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors for CC patients. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that low DSG2 expression affects protein activation, regulates the P53-related pathway in CC, and activates the EGFR pathway. Conclusions The results suggest that low DSG2 expression is associated with poor survival for CC patients. DSG2 could be a prognostic biomarker for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xuan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Lizhou Jia
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jiaojiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.,Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China.
| | - Zhenqing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China. .,Jiangsu Key Lab. of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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36
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Kutova OM, Sencha LM, Pospelov AD, Dobrynina OE, Brilkina AA, Cherkasova EI, Balalaeva IV. Comparative Analysis of Cell-Cell Contact Abundance in Ovarian Carcinoma Cells Cultured in Two- and Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9120446. [PMID: 33291824 PMCID: PMC7761996 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumor resistance to therapy is a crucial problem of today’s oncology. The emerging data indicate that tumor microenvironment is the key participant in the resistance development. One of the most basic aspect of tumor microenvironment is intercellular adhesion. Our data obtained using monolayer culture, matrix-free and matrix-based three-dimensional in vitro models indicate that the abundance of cell-cell contact proteins is varying depending on the microenvironment. These differences coincided with the degree of the resistance to therapeutics. The importance of adhesion proteins in tumor resistance may provide the fundamental basis for improving cancer treatment approaches and must be taken into account when screening candidate drugs. Abstract Tumor resistance to therapy is associated with the 3D organization and peculiarities of the tumor microenvironment, of which intercellular adhesion is a key participant. In this work, the abundance of contact proteins was compared in SKOV-3 and SKOV-3.ip human ovarian adenocarcinoma cell lines, cultivated in monolayers, tumor spheroids and collagen hydrogels. Three-dimensional models were characterized by extremely low expression of basic molecules of adherens junctions E-cadherin and demonstrated a simultaneous decrease in desmosomal protein desmoglein-2, gap junction protein connexin-43 and tight junction proteins occludin and ZO-1. The reduction in the level of contact proteins was most pronounced in collagen hydrogel, accompanied by significantly increased resistance to treatment with doxorubicin and targeted anticancer toxin DARPin-LoPE. Thus, we suggest that 3D models of ovarian cancer, especially matrix-based models, tend to recapitulate tumor microenvironment and treatment responsiveness to a greater extent than monolayer culture, so they can be used as a highly relevant platform for drug efficiency evaluation.
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Nath A, Oak A, Chen KY, Li I, Splichal RC, Portis J, Foster S, Walton SP, Chan C. Palmitate-Induced IRE1-XBP1-ZEB Signaling Represses Desmoplakin Expression and Promotes Cancer Cell Migration. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:240-248. [PMID: 33106375 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Elevated uptake of saturated fatty acid palmitate is associated with metastatic progression of cancer cells; however, the precise signaling mechanism behind the phenomenon is unclear. The loss of cell adhesion proteins, such as desmoplakin (DSP), is a key driving event in the transformation of cancer cells to more aggressive phenotypes. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which palmitate induces the loss of DSP in liver and breast cancer cells. We propose that palmitate activates the IRE1-XBP1 branch of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway to upregulate the ZEB transcription factor, leading to transcriptional repression of DSP. Using liver and breast cancer cells treated with palmitate, we found loss of DSP leads to increased cell migration independent of E-cadherin. We report that the ZEB family of transcription factors function as direct transcriptional repressors of DSP. CRISPR-mediated knockdown of IRE1 confirmed that the transcription of ZEB, loss of DSP, and enhanced migration in the presence of palmitate is dependent on the IRE1-XBP1 pathway. In addition, by analyzing the somatic expression and copy number variation profiles of over 11,000 tumor samples, we corroborate our hypothesis and establish the clinical relevance of DSP loss via ZEB in human cancers. IMPLICATIONS: Provides mechanistic link on palmitate-induced activation of IRE1α to cancer cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritro Nath
- Genetics Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Amrita Oak
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Kevin Y Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Irene Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - R Chauncey Splichal
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Jason Portis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Sean Foster
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - S Patrick Walton
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Christina Chan
- Genetics Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. .,Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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Cochard M, Ledoux F, Landkocz Y. Atmospheric fine particulate matter and epithelial mesenchymal transition in pulmonary cells: state of the art and critical review of the in vitro studies. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2020; 23:293-318. [PMID: 32921295 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2020.1816238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been associated with several diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Mechanisms such as oxidative stress and inflammation are well-documented and are considered as the starting point of some of the pathological responses. However, a number of studies also focused on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is a biological process involved in fibrotic diseases and cancer progression notably via metastasis induction. Up until now, EMT was widely reported in vivo and in vitro in various cell types but investigations dealing with in vitro studies of PM2.5 induced EMT in pulmonary cells are limited. Further, few investigations combined the necessary endpoints for validation of the EMT state in cells: such as expression of several surface, cytoskeleton or extracellular matrix biomarkers and activation of transcription markers and epigenetic factors. Studies explored various cell types, cultured under differing conditions and exposed for various durations to different doses. Such unharmonized protocols (1) might introduce bias, (2) make difficult comparison of results and (3) preclude reaching a definitive conclusion regarding the ability of airborne PM2.5 to induce EMT in pulmonary cells. Some questions remain, in particular the specific PM2.5 components responsible for EMT triggering. The aim of this review is to examine the available PM2.5 induced EMT in vitro studies on pulmonary cells with special emphasis on the critical parameters considered to carry out future research in this field. This clarification appears necessary for production of reliable and comparable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Cochard
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR-CNRS-3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO) , Dunkerque, France
| | - Frédéric Ledoux
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR-CNRS-3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO) , Dunkerque, France
| | - Yann Landkocz
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, UCEIV UR4492, SFR Condorcet FR-CNRS-3417, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO) , Dunkerque, France
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Sheng Z, Han W, Huang B, Shen G. Screening and identification of potential prognostic biomarkers in metastatic skin cutaneous melanoma by bioinformatics analysis. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:11613-11618. [PMID: 32869947 PMCID: PMC7576265 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is a multifactorial disease that presents a poor prognosis due to its rapid progression towards metastasis. This study focused on the identification of prognostic differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between primary and metastatic SKCM. DEGs were obtained using three chip data sets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The protein‐protein interaction network was described by STRING and Cytoscape. Kaplan‐Meier curves were implemented to evaluate survival benefits within distinct groups. A total of 258 DEGs were distinguished as possible candidate biomarkers. Besides, survival curves indicated that DSG3, DSC3, PKP1, EVPL, IVL, FLG, SPRR1A and SPRR1B were of significant value to predict the metastatic transformation of melanoma. To further validate our hypotheses, functional enrichment and significant pathways of the hub genes were performed to indicate that the most involved considerable path. In summary, this study identified substantial DEGs participating in melanoma metastasis. DGS3, DSC3, PKP1, EVPL, IVL, FLG, SPRR1A and SPRR1B may be considered as new biomarkers in the therapeutics of metastatic melanoma, which might help us predict the potential metastatic capability of SKCM patients, thus provide earlier precautionary treatments. However, further experiments are still required to support the specific mechanisms of these hub genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zufeng Sheng
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Surgery, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Surgery, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Biao Huang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Surgery, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guoliang Shen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Surgery, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Negative Expression of DSG1 and DSG2, as Prognostic Biomarkers, Impacts on the Overall Survival in Patients with Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2020; 2020:9831646. [PMID: 32850288 PMCID: PMC7436288 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9831646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To evaluate the expression of DSG1 and DSG2 and investigate their clinicopathological significance in EHCC. Method The protein expression of DSG1 and DSG2 was measured by EnVision immunohistochemistry in 15 normal biliary tract tissues, 10 biliary tract adenoma tissues, 30 peritumoral tissues, and 100 EHCC tumour tissues. Result The expression of the DSG1 and DSG2 proteins was significantly lower in EHCC tumour tissues than in normal biliary tract tissues, biliary tract adenoma, and peritumoral tissues (P < 0.05). Adenoma and peritumoral tissues with negative DSG1 and/or DSG2 protein expression exhibited atypical hyperplasia. DSG1 expression was positively correlated with DSG2 expression in EHCC (P < 0.01). In patients with good differentiation, no invasion, no lymph metastasis, TNM I + II stage, and radical surgery, the positive expression of DSG1 and DSG2 proteins was higher (P < 0.05). In comparison to patients with negative DSG1 and/or DSG2 expression, the average overall survival time of those with positive expression was significantly longer (P = 0.000). Cox multivariate analysis revealed that negative DSG1 and DSG2 expressions were independent of poor prognosis factors in EHCC patients. The AUC calculated for DSG1 was 0.681 (95% confidence interval: 0.594–0.768) and that for DSG2 was 0.645 (95% confidence interval: 0.555–0.734), while that for DSG1 and DSG2 was 0.772 (95% confidence interval: 0.609-0.936). Conclusions Negative protein expression of DSG1 and DSG2 is closely related to the pathogenesis, severe clinicopathological characteristics, aggressive biological behaviours, and dismal prognosis in EHCC.
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Roberts O, Paraoan L. PERP-ing into diverse mechanisms of cancer pathogenesis: Regulation and role of the p53/p63 effector PERP. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188393. [PMID: 32679166 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The tetraspan plasma membrane protein PERP (p53 apoptosis effector related to PMP22) is a lesser-known transcriptional target of p53 and p63. A member of the PMP22/GAS3/EMP membrane protein family, PERP was originally identified as a p53 target specifically trans-activated during apoptosis, but not during cell-cycle arrest. Several studies have since shown downregulation of PERP expression in numerous cancers, suggesting that PERP is a tumour suppressor protein. This review focusses on the important advances made in elucidating the mechanisms regulating PERP expression and its function as a tumour suppressor in diverse human cancers, including breast cancer and squamous cell carcinoma. Investigating PERP's role in clinically-aggressive uveal melanoma has revealed that PERP engages a positive-feedback loop with p53 to regulate its own expression, and that p63 is required beside p53 to achieve pro-apoptotic levels of PERP in this cancer. Furthermore, the recent discovery of the apoptosis-mediating interaction of PERP with SERCA2b at the plasma membrane-endoplasmic reticulum interface demonstrates a novel mechanism of PERP stabilisation, and how PERP can mediate Ca2+ signalling to facilitate apoptosis. The multi-faceted role of PERP in cancer, involving well-documented functions in mediating apoptosis and cell-cell adhesion is discussed, alongside PERP's emerging roles in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and PERP crosstalk with inflammation signalling pathways, and other signalling pathways. The potential for restoring PERP expression as a means of cancer therapy is also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owain Roberts
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Luminita Paraoan
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
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42
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Dominiak A, Chełstowska B, Olejarz W, Nowicka G. Communication in the Cancer Microenvironment as a Target for Therapeutic Interventions. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1232. [PMID: 32422889 PMCID: PMC7281160 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex system composed of multiple cells, such as non-cancerous fibroblasts, adipocytes, immune and vascular cells, as well as signal molecules and mediators. Tumor cells recruit and reprogram other cells to produce factors that maintain tumor growth. Communication between cancerous and surrounding cells is a two-way process and engages a diverse range of mechanisms that, in consequence, can lead to rapid proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance, or can serve as a tumors-suppressor, e.g., through tumor-immune cell interaction. Cross-talk within the cancer microenvironment can be direct by cell-to-cell contact via adhesion molecules, electrical coupling, and passage through gap junctions, or indirect through classical paracrine signaling by cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular vesicles. Therapeutic approaches for modulation of cell-cell communication may be a promising strategy to combat tumors. In particular, integrative approaches targeting tumor communication in combination with conventional chemotherapy seem reasonable. Currently, special attention is paid to suppressing the formation of open-ended channels as well as blocking exosome production or ablating their cargos. However, many aspects of cell-to-cell communication have yet to be clarified, and, in particular, more work is needed in regard to mechanisms of bidirectional signal transfer. Finally, it seems that some interactions in TEM can be not only cancer-specific, but also patient-specific, and their recognition would help to predict patient response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Dominiak
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (W.O.); (G.N.)
- Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Chełstowska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-140 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Wioletta Olejarz
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (W.O.); (G.N.)
- Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grażyna Nowicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (W.O.); (G.N.)
- Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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Bioinformatics Analysis to Screen the Key Prognostic Genes in Tumor Microenvironment of Bladder Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6034670. [PMID: 32149116 PMCID: PMC7048919 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6034670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the fifth most common cancer and has the features of low survival rate and high morbidity and mortality. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) is a pool of global gene expression profile and contains huge amounts of cancer genomics data, which makes it possible to inquire the relationship between gene expression and prognosis of a series of malignant tumors including BLCA. Immune and stromal cells are two major components of tumor microenvironment (TME) which play an important role in judging the prognosis of tumor and influencing the progression of malignant, inflammatory, and metabolic disorders. In our study, we conducted a quantitative analysis of immune and stromal elements based on the ESTIMATE algorithm and thus divided BLCA cases into high and low groups. Then the differentially expressed genes closely related to tumor prognosis between groups were identified and had been shown to correlate with immune response and stromal alterations, which was further confirmed by functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction networks. We validated those genes through BLCA dates downloaded from ArrayExpress and thus got the marker genes to predict prognosis of BLCA. Additionally, immune cell infiltration analysis explored the correlation between the verified genes and immune cells. In conclusion, we identified a series of TME-related genes that assess the prognosis and explored the interaction between TME and tumor prognosis to guide clinical individualized treatment.
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Green KJ, Jaiganesh A, Broussard JA. Desmosomes: Essential contributors to an integrated intercellular junction network. F1000Res 2019; 8. [PMID: 31942240 PMCID: PMC6944264 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.20942.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of adhesive connections between cells was critical for the evolution of multicellularity and for organizing cells into complex organs with discrete compartments. Four types of intercellular junction are present in vertebrates: desmosomes, adherens junctions, tight junctions, and gap junctions. All are essential for the development of the embryonic layers and organs as well as adult tissue homeostasis. While each junction type is defined as a distinct entity, it is now clear that they cooperate physically and functionally to create a robust and functionally diverse system. During evolution, desmosomes first appeared in vertebrates as highly specialized regions at the plasma membrane that couple the intermediate filament cytoskeleton at points of strong cell–cell adhesion. Here, we review how desmosomes conferred new mechanical and signaling properties to vertebrate cells and tissues through their interactions with the existing junctional and cytoskeletal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen J Green
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Avinash Jaiganesh
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joshua A Broussard
- Departments of Pathology and Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Plakophilin 1 enhances MYC translation, promoting squamous cell lung cancer. Oncogene 2019; 39:5479-5493. [PMID: 31822797 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Plakophilin 1 (PKP1) is a member of the arm-repeat (armadillo) and plakophilin gene families and it is an essential component of the desmosomes. Although desmosomes have generally been associated with tumor suppressor functions, we have consistently observed that PKP1 is among the top overexpressed proteins in squamous cell lung cancer. To explore this paradox, we developed in vivo and in vitro functional models of PKP1 gain/loss in squamous cell lung cancer. CRISPR-Cas9 PKP1 knockout severely impaired cell proliferation, but it increased cell dissemination. In addition, PKP1 overexpression increased cell proliferation, cell survival, and in vivo xenograft engraftment. We further investigated the molecular mechanism of the mainly oncogenic function of PKP1 by combining transcriptomics, proteomics, and protein-nucleic acid interaction assays. Interestingly, we found that PKP1 enhances MYC translation in collaboration with the translation initiation complex by binding to the 5'-UTR of MYC mRNA. We propose PKP1 as an oncogene in SqCLC and a novel posttranscriptional regulator of MYC. PKP1 may be a valuable diagnostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for SqCLC. Importantly, PKP1 inhibition may indirectly target MYC, a primary anticancer target.
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Sawant S, Dongre H, Kanojia D, Jamghare S, Borges A, Vaidya M. Role of Electron Microscopy in Early Detection of Altered Epithelium During Experimental Oral Carcinogenesis. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2019; 25:1367-1375. [PMID: 30867083 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927619000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Early detection of altered epithelium can help in controlling the further progression by timely intervention. Alterations in cellular adhesion are one of the hallmarks of cancer progression, which can be detected at the intracellular level using high-resolution electron microscopy. This study aimed to evaluate the role of electron microscopy in the establishment of ultrastructural markers for early detection of altered epithelium using tissues from 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide (4NQO) induced rat tongue carcinogenesis. Our previous study using light microscopy displayed no histopathological alterations in 4NQO treated tissues until 40 days of treatment, while dysplasia, papilloma and carcinoma were detected at 80/120, 160 and 200 days, respectively. However, electron microscopy detected alterations such as detachment of desmosomes from cell membranes and their clustering in the cytoplasm, increased tonofilaments, keratohyaline granules and thickened corneum in 40 days treated corresponding tissues. These alterations are apparent with hyperkeratosis/hyperplasia but remained undetected using light microscopy. Further, in dysplasia, papilloma and carcinoma, gradual and significant loss of desmosomes, leading to the significant widening of intercellular spaces, was observed using iTEM software. These parameters may serve as indicators for progression of oral cancer. Our results highlight the importance of electron microscopy in the early detection of subcellular changes in the altered epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharada Sawant
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harsh Dongre
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, N-5021, Norway
| | - Deepak Kanojia
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Sayli Jamghare
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anita Borges
- Department of Histopathology, Asian Institute of Oncology, S. L. Raheja Hospital, Mahim, Mumbai-4000116, Maharashtra, India
| | - Milind Vaidya
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 210, Maharashtra, India
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Elimination of KLK5 inhibits early skin tumorigenesis by reducing epidermal proteolysis and reinforcing epidermal microstructure. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:165520. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Ma M, Fu Y, Zhou X, Guan F, Wang Y, Li X. Functional roles of fucosylated and O-glycosylated cadherins during carcinogenesis and metastasis. Cell Signal 2019; 63:109365. [PMID: 31352008 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Reduced cellular adhesiveness as a result of cadherin dysfunction is a defining feature of cancer and the mechanism involved in many aspects. Glycosylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications to cadherin. Major changes of glycosylation on cadherins can affect its stability, trafficking, and cell-adhesion properties. It has been reported that the different glycoforms of cadherins are promising biomarkers in cancer, with potential clinical application to constitute targets for the development of new therapies. Among the various glycoforms of cadherins, fucosylated and O-glycosylated cadherins are attracting more attention for their important roles in regulating cadherin functions during carcinogenesis. This review will discuss the most recent insights of the functional roles of fucosylated and O-glycosylated cadherins and their regulation mechanisms during carcinogenesis and metastasis. In summary, more understanding of fucosylated and O-glycosylated cadherins will lead to development of novel therapeutic approaches targeted to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxing Ma
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Glycobiology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Department of Oncology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Yutong Fu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Glycobiology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoman Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Feng Guan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Glycobiology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Glycobiology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China; Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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Chen BJ, Tang YJ, Tang YL, Liang XH. What makes cells move: Requirements and obstacles for leader cells in collective invasion. Exp Cell Res 2019; 382:111481. [PMID: 31247191 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Most recently, mounting evidence has shown that cancer cells can invade as a cohesive and multicellular group with coordinated movement, which is called collective invasion. In this cohesive cancer cell group, cancer cells at the front of collective invasion are defined as leader cell that are responsible for many aspects of collective invasion, including sensing the microenvironment, determining the invasion direction, modifying the path of invasion and transmitting information to other cells. To fulfill their dispensable roles, leader cells are required to embark on some specific phenotypes with unusual expression of some proteins and it's very important to investigate into these proteins as they may serve as potential therapeutic targets. Here, in this review we will summarize current knowledge on four emerging proteins highly expressed in leader cells including K14, ΔNp63α, Dll4 and cysteine protease cathepsin B (CTSB), with a focus on their important roles in collective invasion and special mechanisms by which they promote collective invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China.
| | - Ya-Jie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China.
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University.China.
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, China.
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Sun C, Wang L, Yang XX, Jiang YH, Guo XL. The aberrant expression or disruption of desmocollin2 in human diseases. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:378-386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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