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Peyton MP, Yang TY, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Murray K, Vue C, Parker LL, Lowe DA. Natural aging and ovariectomy induces parallel phosphoproteomic alterations in skeletal muscle of female mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:7362-7380. [PMID: 37580837 PMCID: PMC10457050 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The loss of skeletal muscle strength mid-life in females is associated with the decline of estrogen. Here, we questioned how estrogen deficiency might impact the overall skeletal muscle phosphoproteome after contraction, as force production induces phosphorylation of several muscle proteins. Phosphoproteomic analyses of the tibialis anterior muscle after contraction in two mouse models of estrogen deficiency, ovariectomy (Ovariectomized (Ovx) vs. Sham) and natural aging-induced ovarian senescence (Older Adult (OA) vs. Young Adult (YA)), identified a total of 2,593 and 3,507 phosphopeptides in Ovx/Sham and OA/YA datasets, respectively. Further analysis of estrogen deficiency-associated proteins and phosphosites identified 66 proteins and 21 phosphosites from both datasets. Of these, 4 estrogen deficiency-associated proteins and 4 estrogen deficiency-associated phosphosites were significant and differentially phosphorylated or regulated, respectively. Comparative analyses between Ovx/Sham and OA/YA using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) found parallel patterns of inhibition and activation across IPA-defined canonical signaling pathways and physiological functional analysis, which were similarly observed in downstream GO, KEGG, and Reactome pathway overrepresentation analysis pertaining to muscle structural integrity and contraction, including AMPK and calcium signaling. IPA Upstream regulator analysis identified MAPK1 and PRKACA as candidate kinases and calcineurin as a candidate phosphatase sensitive to estrogen. Our findings highlight key molecular signatures and pathways in contracted muscle suggesting that the similarities identified across both datasets could elucidate molecular mechanisms that may contribute to skeletal muscle strength loss due to estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina P. Peyton
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of Rehabilitation Science, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Tzu-Yi Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Todd W. Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Kevin Murray
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Cha Vue
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of Rehabilitation Science, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Laurie L. Parker
- Department of Computer Science, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Dawn A. Lowe
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of Rehabilitation Science, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of Physical Therapy, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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2
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Chen D, Wirth KM, Kizy S, Muretta JM, Markowski TW, Yong P, Sheka A, Abdelwahab H, Hertzel AV, Ikramuddin S, Yamamoto M, Bernlohr DA. Desmoglein 2 Functions as a Receptor for Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 in Breast Cancer Epithelial Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:836-848. [PMID: 37115197 PMCID: PMC10524127 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is a secreted adipokine linked to obesity and progression of a variety of cancers. Obesity increases extracellular FABP4 (eFABP4) levels in animal models and in obese breast cancer patients compared with lean healthy controls. Using MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer epithelial cells, we show herein that eFABP4 stimulates cellular proliferation in a time and concentration dependent manner while the non-fatty acid-binding mutant, R126Q, failed to potentiate growth. When E0771 murine breast cancer cells were injected into mice, FABP4 null animals exhibited delayed tumor growth and enhanced survival compared with injections into control C57Bl/6J animals. eFABP4 treatment of MCF-7 cells resulted in a significant increase in phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK), transcriptional activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and corresponding gene targets ALDH1A1, CYP1A1, HMOX1, SOD1 and decreased oxidative stress, while R126Q treatment did not show any effects. Proximity-labeling employing an APEX2-FABP4 fusion protein revealed several proteins functioning in desmosomes as eFABP4 receptor candidates including desmoglein (DSG), desmocollin, junction plankoglobin, desomoplankin, and cytokeratins. AlphaFold modeling predicted an interaction between eFABP4, and the extracellular cadherin repeats of DSG2 and pull-down and immunoprecipitation assays confirmed complex formation that was potentiated by oleic acid. Silencing of DSG2 in MCF-7 cells attenuated eFABP4 effects on cellular proliferation, pERK levels, and ALDH1A1 expression compared with controls. IMPLICATIONS These results suggest desmosomal proteins, and in particular desmoglein 2, may function as receptors of eFABP4 and provide new insight into the development and progression of obesity-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Keith M. Wirth
- Department of Surgery, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Scott Kizy
- Department of Surgery, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Joseph M. Muretta
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Peter Yong
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Adam Sheka
- Department of Surgery, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Hisham Abdelwahab
- Department of Surgery, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Ann V. Hertzel
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Sayeed Ikramuddin
- Department of Surgery, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Masato Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
- Department of Masonic Cancer Center, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - David A Bernlohr
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, The University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN USA
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3
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Najt CP, Adhikari S, Heden TD, Cui W, Gansemer ER, Rauckhorst AJ, Markowski TW, Higgins L, Kerr EW, Boyum MD, Alvarez J, Brunko S, Mehra D, Puchner EM, Taylor EB, Mashek DG. Organelle interactions compartmentalize hepatic fatty acid trafficking and metabolism. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112435. [PMID: 37104088 PMCID: PMC10278152 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Organelle interactions play a significant role in compartmentalizing metabolism and signaling. Lipid droplets (LDs) interact with numerous organelles, including mitochondria, which is largely assumed to facilitate lipid transfer and catabolism. However, quantitative proteomics of hepatic peridroplet mitochondria (PDM) and cytosolic mitochondria (CM) reveals that CM are enriched in proteins comprising various oxidative metabolism pathways, whereas PDM are enriched in proteins involved in lipid anabolism. Isotope tracing and super-resolution imaging confirms that fatty acids (FAs) are selectively trafficked to and oxidized in CM during fasting. In contrast, PDM facilitate FA esterification and LD expansion in nutrient-replete medium. Additionally, mitochondrion-associated membranes (MAM) around PDM and CM differ in their proteomes and ability to support distinct lipid metabolic pathways. We conclude that CM and CM-MAM support lipid catabolic pathways, whereas PDM and PDM-MAM allow hepatocytes to efficiently store excess lipids in LDs to prevent lipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles P Najt
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Santosh Adhikari
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Timothy D Heden
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Wenqi Cui
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Erica R Gansemer
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Adam J Rauckhorst
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Evan W Kerr
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Matthew D Boyum
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jonas Alvarez
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sophia Brunko
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Dushyant Mehra
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Elias M Puchner
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eric B Taylor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Douglas G Mashek
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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4
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Weise DO, Kruk ME, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Jagtap PD, Mehta S, Mickelson A, Parker LL, Wendt CH, Griffin TJ. An optimized workflow for MS-based quantitative proteomics of challenging clinical bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:14. [PMID: 37005570 PMCID: PMC10068177 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09404-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples are rich in biomolecules, including proteins, and useful for molecular studies of lung health and disease. However, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic analysis of BALF is challenged by the dynamic range of protein abundance, and potential for interfering contaminants. A robust, MS-based proteomics compatible sample preparation workflow for BALF samples, including those of small and large volume, would be useful for many researchers. RESULTS We have developed a workflow that combines high abundance protein depletion, protein trapping, clean-up, and in-situ tryptic digestion, that is compatible with either qualitative or quantitative MS-based proteomic analysis. The workflow includes a value-added collection of endogenous peptides for peptidomic analysis of BALF samples, if desired, as well as amenability to offline semi-preparative or microscale fractionation of complex peptide mixtures prior to LC-MS/MS analysis, for increased depth of analysis. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this workflow on BALF samples collected from COPD patients, including for smaller sample volumes of 1-5 mL that are commonly available from the clinic. We also demonstrate the repeatability of the workflow as an indicator of its utility for quantitative proteomic studies. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our described workflow consistently provided high quality proteins and tryptic peptides for MS analysis. It should enable researchers to apply MS-based proteomics to a wide-variety of studies focused on BALF clinical specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle O Weise
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Monica E Kruk
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Pratik D Jagtap
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Subina Mehta
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alan Mickelson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Laurie L Parker
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christine H Wendt
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Timothy J Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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5
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Elton AC, Cedarstrom V, Quraishi A, Wuertz B, Murray K, Markowski TW, Seabloom D, Ondrey FG. Metabolic and Metabolomic Effects of Metformin in Murine Model of Pulmonary Adenoma Formation. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:1014-1027. [PMID: 36688306 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2023.2165692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies of diabetic patients treated with metformin identified significantly lower incidences of cancer. From this, there is growing interest in the use of metformin to treat and prevent cancer. Studies have investigated chemopreventive mechanisms including alterations in calorie intake, cancer metabolism, and cell signaling. Repurposing the drug is challenging due to its metabolic effects and non-uniform effects on different types of cancer. In our previously published studies, we observed that benzo[a]pyrene treated mice receiving metformin significantly reduced lung adenomas; however, mice had reduced weight gain. In this study, we compared chemoprevention diets with and without metformin to evaluate the effects of diet vs. effects of metformin. We also performed tandem mass spectrometry on mouse serum to assess metabolomic alterations associated with metformin treatment. In metformin cohorts, the rate of weight gain was reduced, but weights did not vary between diets. There was no weight difference between diets without metformin. Interestingly, caloric intake was increased in metformin treated mice. Metabolomic analysis revealed metabolite alterations consistent with metformin treatment. Based on these results, we conclude that previous reductions in lung adenomas may have been occurred from anticancer effects of metformin rather than a potentially toxic effect such as calorie restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Elton
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Vannesa Cedarstrom
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Arman Quraishi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Beverly Wuertz
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,AeroCore, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kevin Murray
- Center for Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Center for Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Donna Seabloom
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,AeroCore, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Frank G Ondrey
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,AeroCore, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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6
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Sandri BJ, Kim J, Lubach GR, Lock EF, Guerrero C, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Kling PJ, Georgieff MK, Coe CL, Rao RB. Tandem mass tag proteomic and untargeted metabolomic profiling reveals altered serum and CSF biochemical datasets in iron deficient monkeys. Data Brief 2022; 45:108591. [PMID: 36164307 PMCID: PMC9508431 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2022.108591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of early-life iron deficiency anemia (IDA) extend past the blood and include both short- and long-term adverse effects on many tissues including the brain. Prior to IDA, iron deficiency (ID) can cause similar tissue effects, but a sensitive biomarker of iron-dependent brain health is lacking. To determine serum and CSF biomarkers of ID-induced metabolic dysfunction we performed proteomic and metabolomic analysis of serum and CSF at 4- and 6- months from a nonhuman primate model of infantile IDA. LC/MS/MS analyses identified a total of 227 metabolites and 205 proteins in serum. In CSF, we measured 210 metabolites and 1,560 proteins. Data were either processed from a Q-Exactive (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA) through Progenesis QI with accurate mass and retention time comparisons to a proprietary small molecule database and Metlin or with raw files imported directly from a Fusion Orbitrap (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA) through Sequest in Proteome Discoverer 2.4.0.305 (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA) with peptide matches through the latest Rhesus Macaque HMDB database. Metabolite and protein identifiers, p-values, and q-values were utilized for molecular pathway analysis with Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA). We applied multiway distance weighted discrimination (DWD) to identify a weighted sum of the features (proteins or metabolites) that distinguish ID from IS at 4-months (pre-anemic period) and 6-months of age (anemic).
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7
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Peyton MP, Yang TY, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Vue C, Parker LL, Lowe DA. Global phosphoproteomic profiling of skeletal muscle in ovarian hormone-deficient mice. Physiol Genomics 2022; 54:417-432. [PMID: 36062884 PMCID: PMC9639773 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00104.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is important in skeletal muscle development, growth, regeneration, and contractile function. Alterations in the skeletal muscle phosphoproteome due to aging have been reported in males; however, studies in females are lacking. We have demonstrated that estrogen deficiency decreases muscle force, which correlates with decreased myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation. Thus, we questioned whether the decline of estrogen in females that occurs with aging might alter the skeletal muscle phosphoproteome. C57BL/6J female mice (6 mo) were randomly assigned to a sham-operated (Sham) or ovariectomy (Ovx) group to investigate the effects of estrogen deficiency on skeletal muscle protein phosphorylation in a resting, noncontracting condition. After 16 wk of estrogen deficiency, the tibialis anterior muscle was dissected and prepped for label-free nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry phosphoproteomic analysis. We identified 4,780 phosphopeptides in tibialis anterior muscles of ovariectomized (Ovx) and Sham-operated (Sham) control mice. Further analysis revealed 647 differentially regulated phosphopeptides (Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted P value < 0.05 and 1.5-fold change ratio) that corresponded to 130 proteins with 22 proteins differentially phosphorylated (3 unique to Ovx, 2 unique to Sham, 6 upregulated, and 11 downregulated). Differentially phosphorylated proteins associated with the sarcomere, cytoplasm, and metabolic and calcium signaling pathways were identified. Our work provides the first global phosphoproteomic analysis in females and how estrogen deficiency impacts the skeletal muscle phosphoproteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina P Peyton
- Division of Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Department of Computer Science, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Tzu-Yi Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Cha Vue
- Division of Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Laurie L Parker
- Department of Computer Science, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Dawn A Lowe
- Division of Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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8
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Taghizadeh LA, King CJ, Nascene DR, Gupta AO, Orchard PJ, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Nolan EE, Furcich JW, Lund TC. Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GNMPB) as a novel biomarker for cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7985. [PMID: 35568699 PMCID: PMC9107455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11552-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is an X-linked peroxisomal disease caused by a mutation in the ABCD1 gene, producing mutations in the very long chain fatty acid transporter, ALD protein. Cerebral ALD (cALD) is a severe phenotype of ALD with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Elevated levels of Glycoprotein Nonmetastatic Melanoma Protein B (GNMPB) have been recently documented in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Our objective was to measure the levels cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) GNMPB in cALD patients to determine if GNMPB could be a potential biomarker in tracking cALD disease progression. CSF GNMPB levels were significantly higher in cALD patients versus controls (2407 ± 1672 pg/mL vs. 639.5 ± 404 pg/mL, p = 0.0009). We found a positive correlation between CSF GNMPB and MRI disease severity score levels (R2 = 0.3225, p < 0.0001) as well as the gadolinium intensity score (p = 0.0204). Boys with more severe neurologic deficits also had higher levels of CSF GNMPB (p < 0.0001). A positive correlation was shown between CSF GNMPB and another biomarker, chitotriosidase (R2 = 0.2512, p = 0.0244). These data show that GNMPB could be a potential biomarker of cALD disease state and further studies should evaluate it as a predictor of the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla A Taghizadeh
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Carina J King
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - David R Nascene
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, USA
| | - Ashish O Gupta
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Paul J Orchard
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, USA
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, USA
| | - Erin E Nolan
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Justin W Furcich
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Troy C Lund
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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9
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Sandri BJ, Kim J, Lubach GR, Lock EF, Guerrero C, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Kling PJ, Georgieff MK, Coe CL, Rao RB. Multiomic Profiling of Iron Deficient Infant Monkeys Reveals Alterations in Neurologically Important Biochemicals in Serum and CSF Prior to the Onset of Anemia. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 322:R486-R500. [PMID: 35271351 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00235.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of iron deficiency (ID) during infancy extend beyond the hematologic compartment and include short- and long-term adverse effects on many tissues including the brain. However, sensitive biomarkers of iron-dependent brain health are lacking in humans. OBJECTIVE To determine whether serum and CSF biomarkers of ID-induced metabolic dysfunction are concordant in the pre/early anemic stage of ID prior to anemia in a nonhuman primate model of infantile IDA. METHODS Paired serum and CSF specimens were collected from iron-sufficient (IS; n = 12) and ID (n = 7) rhesus infants at 4-months (pre-anemic period) and 6-months of age (anemic). Hematological, metabolomic, and proteomic profiles were generated via HPLC/MS at both time points to discriminate serum bio markers of ID-induced brain metabolic dysfunction. RESULTS We identified 227 metabolites and 205 proteins in serum. Abnormalities indicating altered liver function, lipid dysregulation, and increased acute phase reactants were present in ID. In CSF, we measured 210 metabolites and 1,560 proteins with changes in ID infants indicative of metabolomic and proteomic differences indexing disrupted synaptogenesis. Systemic and CSF proteomic and metabolomic changes were present and concurrent in the pre-anemic and anemic periods. CONCLUSIONS Multiomic serum and CSF profiling uncovered pathways disrupted by ID in both the pre-anemic and anemic stages of infantile IDA, including evidence for hepatic dysfunction and activation of acute phase response. Parallel changes observed in serum and CSF potentially provide measurable serum biomarkers of ID that reflect at-risk brain processes prior to progression to clinical anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Sandri
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Jonathan Kim
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Gabriele R Lubach
- Harlow Center for Biological Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Eric F Lock
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Candace Guerrero
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Pamela J Kling
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Michael K Georgieff
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Christopher L Coe
- Harlow Center for Biological Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Raghavendra B Rao
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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10
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Goldblum RR, McClellan M, White K, Gonzalez SJ, Thompson BR, Vang HX, Cohen H, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Yang TY, Metzger JM, Gardner MK. Oxidative stress pathogenically remodels the cardiac myocyte cytoskeleton via structural alterations to the microtubule lattice. Dev Cell 2021; 56:2252-2266.e6. [PMID: 34343476 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the failing heart, the cardiac myocyte microtubule network is remodeled, which contributes to cellular contractile failure and patient death. However, the origins of this deleterious cytoskeletal reorganization are unknown. We now find that oxidative stress, a condition characteristic of heart failure, leads to cysteine oxidation of microtubules. Our electron and fluorescence microscopy experiments revealed regions of structural damage within the microtubule lattice that occurred at locations of oxidized tubulin. The incorporation of GTP-tubulin into these damaged, oxidized regions led to stabilized "hot spots" within the microtubule lattice, which suppressed the shortening of dynamic microtubules. Thus, oxidative stress may act inside of cardiac myocytes to facilitate a pathogenic shift from a sparse microtubule network into a dense, aligned network. Our results demonstrate how a disease condition characterized by oxidative stress can trigger a molecular oxidation event, which likely contributes to a toxic cellular-scale transformation of the cardiac myocyte microtubule network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca R Goldblum
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mark McClellan
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kyle White
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Samuel J Gonzalez
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Brian R Thompson
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hluechy X Vang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Houda Cohen
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Tzu-Yi Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Joseph M Metzger
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Melissa K Gardner
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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11
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Orchard PJ, Markowski TW, Higgins L, Raymond GV, Nascene DR, Miller WP, Pierpont EI, Lund TC. Association between APOE4 and biomarkers in cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7858. [PMID: 31133696 PMCID: PMC6536544 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44140-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (cALD) is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease associated with mutation of the ABCD1 gene. Proteomic analysis of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) from young males with active cALD revealed markers of inflammation including APOE4. APOE4 genotype has been associated with an inferior prognosis following acute and chronic neurologic injury. We assessed APOE4 inheritance among 83 consecutive young males with cALD prior to hematopoietic cell transplant and its association with markers of cerebral disease. The allele frequency of APOE4 was not significantly different from that of the general population at 17%. Young males with cALD that were APOE4 carriers had similar CSF protein and chitotriosidase activity to that of non-carriers. In contrast, APOE4 carriers had an increased burden of cerebral disease involvement as determined by MRI severity score (10.5 vs 7.0 points, p = 0.01), higher gadolinium intensity score (2.0 vs 1.3 points, p = 0.007), inferior neurologic function (neurologic function score 2.4 vs 1.0, p = 0.001), and elevated CSF MMP2 levels compared to that of non-carriers (13168 vs 9472 pg/mL, p = 0.01). These are the first data showing that APOE4 is associated with increased severity of cerebral disease in cALD and suggest it may be a modifier of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Orchard
- University of Minnesota, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 55455, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Todd W Markowski
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, 55455, Minneapolis, USA
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, 55455, Minneapolis, USA
| | | | - David R Nascene
- University of Minnesota, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, 55455, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Weston P Miller
- University of Minnesota, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 55455, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Elizabeth I Pierpont
- University of Minnesota, Division of Clinical Behavioral Neuroscience, 55455, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Troy C Lund
- University of Minnesota, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 55455, Minneapolis, USA.
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12
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Orchard PJ, Nascene DR, Gupta A, Taisto ME, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Lund TC. Cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy is associated with loss of tolerance to profilin. Eur J Immunol 2019; 49:947-953. [PMID: 30829395 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201848043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Childhood cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (cALD) is a devastating manifestation of ALD accompanied by demyelination, inflammation, and blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption with shared characteristics of an auto-immune disease. We utilized plasma samples pre- and postdevelopment of cALD to determine the presence of specific auto-antibodies. Mass spectrometry of protein specifically bound with post-cALD plasma antibody identified Profilin1 (PFN1) as the target. In a screen of 94 boys with cALD 48 (51%) had anti-PFN1 antibodies, whereas only 2/29 boys with ALD but without cerebral disease, and 0/30 healthy controls showed anti-PFN1 immunoreactivity. Cerebral spinal fluid from those with cALD showed higher levels of PFN1 protein compared with non-cALD samples (324 ± 634 versus 42 ± 23 pg/mL, p = 0.04). Boys that were anti-PFN positive had a significant increase in the amount of gadolinium signal observed on MRI when compared to boys that were anti-PFN1 negative (p = 0.04) possibly indicating increased BBB disruption. Anti-PFN1 positivity was also associated with elevated levels of very long chain fatty acids (C26 of 1.12 ± 0.41 versus 0.97 ± 0.30 mg/dL, p = 0.03) and increased plasma BAFF (973 ± 277 versus 733 ± 269 pg/mL, p = 0.03). In conclusion, anti-PFN may be a novel biomarker associated with the development of cALD in boys with ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Orchard
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - David R Nascene
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ashish Gupta
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mandy E Taisto
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Troy C Lund
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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13
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Folsom TD, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Griffin TJ, Fatemi SH. Quantitative proteomics of forebrain subcellular fractions in fragile X mental retardation 1 knockout mice following acute treatment with 2-Methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine: Relevance to developmental study of schizophrenia. Synapse 2018; 73:e22069. [PMID: 30176067 DOI: 10.1002/syn.22069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The fragile X mental retardation 1 knockout (Fmr1 KO) mouse replicates behavioral deficits associated with autism, fragile X syndrome, and schizophrenia. Less is known whether protein expression changes are consistent with findings in subjects with schizophrenia. In the current study, we used liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proteomics to determine the protein expression of four subcellular fractions in the forebrains of Fmr1 KO mice vs. C57BL/6 J mice and the effect of a negative allosteric modulator of mGluR5-2-Methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP)-on protein expression. Strain- and treatment-specific differential expression of proteins was observed, many of which have previously been observed in the brains of subjects with schizophrenia. Western blotting verified the direction and magnitude of change for several proteins in different subcellular fractions as follows: neurofilament light protein (NEFL) and 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) in the total homogenate; heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins C1/C2 (HNRNPC) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 (HNRNPD) in the nuclear fraction; excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) and ras-related protein rab 3a (RAB3A) in the synaptic fraction; and ras-related protein rab 35 (RAB35) and neuromodulin (GAP43) in the rough endoplasmic reticulum fraction. Individuals with FXS do not display symptoms of schizophrenia. However, the biomarkers that have been identified suggest that the Fmr1 KO model could potentially be useful in the study of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Folsom
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neuroscience Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Timothy J Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - S Hossein Fatemi
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neuroscience Research, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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14
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Ranade AR, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Glaser N, Kashin D, Bai R, Hong KH, Hamel E, Höfle G, Georg GI. Characterizing the Epothilone Binding Site on β-Tubulin by Photoaffinity Labeling: Identification of β-Tubulin Peptides TARGSQQY and TSRGSQQY as Targets of an Epothilone Photoprobe for Polymerized Tubulin. J Med Chem 2016; 59:3499-514. [PMID: 26986898 PMCID: PMC4845752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Photoaffinity labeling with an epothilone A photoprobe led to the identification of the β-tubulin peptides TARGSQQY and TSRGSQQY as targets of the photoprobe for polymerized tubulin. These peptides represent residues 274-281 in different β-tubulin isotypes. Placing the carbene producing 21-diazo/triazolo moiety of the photoprobe in the vicinity of the TARGSQQY peptide in a homology model of TBB3 predicted a binding pose and conformation of the photoprobe that are very similar to the ones reported for 1) the high resolution cocrystal structure of epothilone A with an α,β-tubulin complex and for 2) a saturation transfer difference NMR and transferred NOESY NMR study of dimeric and polymerized tubulin. Our findings thus provide additional support for these models as physiologically the most relevant among several modes of binding that have been proposed for epothilone A in the taxane pocket of β-tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adwait R. Ranade
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Todd W. Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Nicole Glaser
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dmitry Kashin
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ruoli Bai
- Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Kwon Ho Hong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Gerhard Höfle
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gunda I. Georg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street, SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States
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15
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Rudney JD, Jagtap PD, Reilly CS, Chen R, Markowski TW, Higgins L, Johnson JE, Griffin TJ. Protein relative abundance patterns associated with sucrose-induced dysbiosis are conserved across taxonomically diverse oral microcosm biofilm models of dental caries. Microbiome 2015; 3:69. [PMID: 26684897 PMCID: PMC4684605 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-015-0136-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of dental caries is multifactorial, but frequent consumption of free sugars, notably sucrose, appears to be a major factor driving the supragingival microbiota in the direction of dysbiosis. Recent 16S rRNA-based studies indicated that caries-associated communities were less diverse than healthy supragingival plaque but still displayed considerable taxonomic diversity between individuals. Metagenomic studies likewise have found that healthy oral sites from different people were broadly similar with respect to gene function, even though there was an extensive individual variation in their taxonomic profiles. That pattern may also extend to dysbiotic communities. In that case, shifts in community-wide protein relative abundance might provide better biomarkers of dysbiosis that can be achieved through taxonomy alone. RESULTS In this study, we used a paired oral microcosm biofilm model of dental caries to investigate differences in community composition and protein relative abundance in the presence and absence of sucrose. This approach provided large quantities of protein, which facilitated deep metaproteomic analysis. Community composition was evaluated using 16S rRNA sequencing and metaproteomic approaches. Although taxonomic diversity was reduced by sucrose pulsing, considerable inter-subject variation in community composition remained. By contrast, functional analysis using the SEED ontology found that sucrose induced changes in protein relative abundance patterns for pathways involving glycolysis, lactate production, aciduricity, and ammonia/glutamate metabolism that were conserved across taxonomically diverse dysbiotic oral microcosm biofilm communities. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the concept of using function-based changes in protein relative abundance as indicators of dysbiosis. Our microcosm model cannot replicate all aspects of the oral environment, but the deep level of metaproteomic analysis it allows makes it suitable for discovering which proteins are most consistently abundant during dysbiosis. It then may be possible to define biomarkers that could be used to detect at-risk tooth surfaces before the development of overt carious lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel D Rudney
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Pratik D Jagtap
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
| | - Cavan S Reilly
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Ruoqiong Chen
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
| | - James E Johnson
- University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, 117 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Timothy J Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
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16
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Oliva Chávez AS, Fairman JW, Felsheim RF, Nelson CM, Herron MJ, Higgins L, Burkhardt NY, Oliver JD, Markowski TW, Kurtti TJ, Edwards TE, Munderloh UG. An O-Methyltransferase Is Required for Infection of Tick Cells by Anaplasma phagocytophilum. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005248. [PMID: 26544981 PMCID: PMC4636158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis (HGA), is an obligately intracellular α-proteobacterium that is transmitted by Ixodes spp ticks. However, the pathogen is not transovarially transmitted between tick generations and therefore needs to survive in both a mammalian host and the arthropod vector to complete its life cycle. To adapt to different environments, pathogens rely on differential gene expression as well as the modification of proteins and other molecules. Random transposon mutagenesis of A. phagocytophilum resulted in an insertion within the coding region of an o-methyltransferase (omt) family 3 gene. In wild-type bacteria, expression of omt was up-regulated during binding to tick cells (ISE6) at 2 hr post-inoculation, but nearly absent by 4 hr p.i. Gene disruption reduced bacterial binding to ISE6 cells, and the mutant bacteria that were able to enter the cells were arrested in their replication and development. Analyses of the proteomes of wild-type versus mutant bacteria during binding to ISE6 cells identified Major Surface Protein 4 (Msp4), but also hypothetical protein APH_0406, as the most differentially methylated. Importantly, two glutamic acid residues (the targets of the OMT) were methyl-modified in wild-type Msp4, whereas a single asparagine (not a target of the OMT) was methylated in APH_0406. In vitro methylation assays demonstrated that recombinant OMT specifically methylated Msp4. Towards a greater understanding of the overall structure and catalytic activity of the OMT, we solved the apo (PDB_ID:4OA8), the S-adenosine homocystein-bound (PDB_ID:4OA5), the SAH-Mn2+ bound (PDB_ID:4PCA), and SAM- Mn2+ bound (PDB_ID:4PCL) X-ray crystal structures of the enzyme. Here, we characterized a mutation in A. phagocytophilum that affected the ability of the bacteria to productively infect cells from its natural vector. Nevertheless, due to the lack of complementation, we cannot rule out secondary mutations. Since its discovery in 1994, Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis (HGA) has become the second most commonly diagnosed tick-borne disease in the US, and it is gaining importance in several countries in Europe. HGA is caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a bacterium transmitted by black-legged ticks and their relatives. Whereas several of the molecules and processes leading to infection of human cells have been identified, little is known about their counterparts in the tick. We analyzed the effects of a mutation in a gene encoding an o-methyltransferase that is involved in methylation of an outer membrane protein. The mutation of the OMT appears to be important for the ability of A. phagocytophilum to adhere to, invade, and replicate in tick cells. Several tests including binding assays, microscopic analysis of the infection cycle within tick cells, gene expression assays, and biochemical assays using recombinant OMT strongly suggested that the mutation of the o-methyltransferase gene arrested the growth and development of this bacterium within tick cells. Proteomic analyses identified several possible OMT substrates, and in vitro methylation assays using recombinant o-methyltransferase identified an outer membrane protein, Msp4, as a specifically methyl-modified target. Our results indicated that methylation was important for infection of tick cells by A. phagocytophilum, and suggested possible strategies to block transmission of this emerging pathogen. The solved crystal structure of the o-methyltransferase will further stimulate the search for small molecule inhibitors that could break the tick transmission cycle of A. phagocytophilum in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela S. Oliva Chávez
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - James W. Fairman
- Emerald Bio, Bainbridge Island, Washington, United States of America
- Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Roderick F. Felsheim
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Curtis M. Nelson
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Herron
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Nicole Y. Burkhardt
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jonathan D. Oliver
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Todd W. Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Timothy J. Kurtti
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Thomas E. Edwards
- Emerald Bio, Bainbridge Island, Washington, United States of America
- Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ulrike G. Munderloh
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
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17
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Baldridge GD, Markowski TW, Witthuhn BA, Higgins L, Baldridge AS, Fallon AM. The Wolbachia WO bacteriophage proteome in the Aedes albopictus C/wStr1 cell line: evidence for lytic activity? In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2015; 52:77-88. [PMID: 26427709 PMCID: PMC4701759 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-015-9949-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Wolbachia pipientis (Rickettsiales), an obligate intracellular alphaproteobacterium in insects, manipulates host reproduction to maximize invasion of uninfected insect populations. Modification of host population structure has potential applications for control of pest species, particularly if Wolbachia can be maintained, manipulated, and genetically engineered in vitro. Although Wolbachia maintains an obligate mutualism with genome stability in nematodes, arthropods can be co-infected with distinct Wolbachia strains, and horizontal gene transfer between strains is potentially mediated by WO phages encoded within Wolbachia genomes. Proteomic analysis of a robust, persistent infection of a mosquito cell line with wStr from the planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus, revealed expression of a full array of WO phage genes, as well as nine of ten non-phage genes that occur between two distinct clusters of WOMelB genes in the genome of wMel, which infects Drosophila melanogaster. These non-phage genes encode potential host-adaptive proteins and are expressed in wStr at higher levels than phage structural proteins. A subset of seven of the non-phage genes is flanked by highly conserved non-coding sequences, including a putative promoter element, that are not present in a syntenically arranged array of homologs in plasmids from three tick-associated Rickettsia spp. These studies expand our understanding of wStr in a host cell line derived from the mosquito, Aedes albopictus, and provide a basis for investigating conditions that favor the lytic phase of the WO phage life cycle and recovery of infectious phage particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald D Baldridge
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Bruce A Witthuhn
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Abigail S Baldridge
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Ann M Fallon
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
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18
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Khan SA, Wollaston-Hayden EE, Markowski TW, Higgins L, Mashek DG. Quantitative analysis of the murine lipid droplet-associated proteome during diet-induced hepatic steatosis. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:2260-72. [PMID: 26416795 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m056812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is characterized by the accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs), which are composed of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer embedded with many proteins. Although the LD-associated proteome has been investigated in multiple tissues and organisms, the dynamic changes in the murine LD-associated proteome in response to obesity and hepatic steatosis have not been studied. We characterized the hepatic LD-associated proteome of C57BL/6J male mouse livers following high-fat feeding using isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantification. Of the 1,520 proteins identified with a 5% local false discovery rate, we report a total of 48 proteins that were increased and 52 proteins that were decreased on LDs in response to high-fat feeding. Most notably, ribosomal and endoplasmic reticulum proteins were increased and extracellular and cytosolic proteins were decreased in response to high-fat feeding. Additionally, many proteins involved in fatty acid catabolism or xenobiotic metabolism were enriched in the LD fraction following high-fat feeding. In contrast, proteins involved in glucose metabolism and liver X receptor or retinoid X receptor activation were decreased on LDs of high-fat-fed mice. This study provides insights into unique biological functions of hepatic LDs under normal and steatotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salmaan Ahmed Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | | | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Douglas G Mashek
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
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19
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Lund TC, Patrinostro X, Kramer AC, Stadem P, Higgins LA, Markowski TW, Wroblewski MS, Lidke DS, Tolar J, Blazar BR. sdf1 Expression reveals a source of perivascular-derived mesenchymal stem cells in zebrafish. Stem Cells 2015; 32:2767-79. [PMID: 24905975 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have their origin as perivascular cells (PVCs) in vivo, but precisely identifying them has been a challenge, as they have no single definitive marker and are rare. We have developed a fluorescent transgenic vertebrate model in which PVC can be visualized in vivo based upon sdf1 expression in the zebrafish. Prospective isolation and culture of sdf1(DsRed) PVC demonstrated properties consistent with MSC including prototypical cell surface marker expression; mesodermal differentiation into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages; and the ability to support hematopoietic cells. Global proteomic studies performed by two-dimensional liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry revealed a high degree of similarity to human MSC (hMSC) and discovery of novel markers (CD99, CD151, and MYOF) that were previously unknown to be expressed by hMSC. Dynamic in vivo imaging during fin regeneration showed that PVC may arise from undifferentiated mesenchyme providing evidence of a PVC-MSC relationship. This is the first model, established in zebrafish, in which MSC can be visualized in vivo and will allow us to better understand their function in a native environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy C Lund
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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20
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Jing Y, Ni Z, Wu J, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Kaufman DS, Walcheck B. Identification of an ADAM17 cleavage region in human CD16 (FcγRIII) and the engineering of a non-cleavable version of the receptor in NK cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121788. [PMID: 25816339 PMCID: PMC4376770 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CD16a and CD16b are IgG Fc receptors expressed by human natural killer (NK) cells and neutrophils, respectively. Both CD16 isoforms undergo a rapid down-regulation in expression by ADAM17-mediated proteolytic cleavage upon cell activation by various stimuli. We examined soluble CD16 released from activated NK cells and neutrophils by mass spectrometric analysis, and identified three separate cleavage sites in close proximity at P1/P1′ positions alanine195/valine196, valine196/serine197, and threonine198/isoleucine199, revealing a membrane proximal cleavage region in CD16. Substitution of the serine at position 197 in the middle of the cleavage region for a proline (S197P) effectively blocked CD16a and CD16b cleavage in cell-based assays. We also show that CD16a/S197P was resistant to cleavage when expressed in the human NK cell line NK92 and primary NK cells derived from genetically-engineered human induced pluripotent stem cells. CD16a is a potent activating receptor and despite blocking CD16a shedding, the S197P mutation did not disrupt IgG binding by the receptor or its activation of NK92 cells by antibody-treated tumor cells. Our findings provide further characterization of CD16 cleavage by ADAM17 and they demonstrate that a non-cleavable version of CD16a can be expressed in engineered NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawu Jing
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Zhenya Ni
- Department of Medicine, Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jianming Wu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Todd W. Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Dan S. Kaufman
- Department of Medicine, Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Bruce Walcheck
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Palsuledesai CC, Ochocki JD, Markowski TW, Distefano MD. A combination of metabolic labeling and 2D-DIGE analysis in response to a farnesyltransferase inhibitor facilitates the discovery of new prenylated proteins. Mol Biosyst 2014; 10:1094-103. [PMID: 24577581 DOI: 10.1039/c3mb70593e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Protein prenylation is a post-translational modification required for proper cellular localization and activity of many important eukaryotic proteins. Farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) have been explored extensively for their antitumor activity. To assist in identifying potentially new and more useful markers for therapeutic applications, we developed a strategy that uses a combination of metabolic labeling and 2D DIGE (differential gel electrophoresis) to discover new prenylated proteins whose cellular levels are influenced by FTIs. In this approach, metabolic labeling of prenylated proteins was first carried out with an alkyne-modified isoprenoid analog, C15Alk, in the presence or absence of the FTI L-744,832. The resulting alkyne-tagged proteins were then labeled with Cy3-N3 and Cy5-N3 and subjected to 2D-DIGE. Multiple spots having altered levels of labeling in presence of the FTI were observed. Mass spectrometric analysis of some of the differentially labeled spots identified several known prenylated proteins, along with HisRS, PACN-3, GNAI-1 and GNAI-2, which are not known to be prenylated. In vitro farnesylation of a C-terminal peptide sequence derived from GNAI-1 and GNAI-2 produced a farnesylated product, suggesting GNAI-1 and GNAI-2 are potential novel farnesylated proteins. These results suggest that this new strategy could be useful for the identification of prenylated proteins whose level of post-translational modification has been modulated by the presence of an FTI. Additionally, this approach, which decreases sample complexity and thereby facilitates analysis, should be applicable to studies of other post-translational modifications as well.
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22
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Baldridge GD, Baldridge AS, Witthuhn BA, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Fallon AM. Proteomic profiling of a robust Wolbachia infection in an Aedes albopictus mosquito cell line. Mol Microbiol 2014; 94:537-56. [PMID: 25155417 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Wolbachia pipientis, a widespread vertically transmitted intracellular bacterium, provides a tool for insect control through manipulation of host-microbe interactions. We report proteomic characterization of wStr, a Wolbachia strain associated with a strong cytoplasmic incompatibility phenotype in its native host, Laodelphax striatellus. In the Aedes albopictus C/wStr1 mosquito cell line, wStr maintains a robust, persistent infection. MS/MS analyses of gel bands revealed a protein 'footprint' dominated by Wolbachia-encoded chaperones, stress response and cell membrane proteins, including the surface antigen WspA, a peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein and a 73 kDa outer membrane protein. Functional classifications and estimated abundance levels of 790 identified proteins suggested that expression, stabilization and secretion of proteins predominate over bacterial genome replication and cell division. High relative abundances of cysteine desulphurase, serine/glycine hydroxymethyl transferase, and components of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex in conjunction with above average abundances of glutamate dehydrogenase and proline utilization protein A support Wolbachia genome-based predictions for amino acid metabolism as a primary energy source. wStr expresses 15 Vir proteins of a Type IV secretion system and its transcriptional regulator. Proteomic characterization of a robust insect-associated Wolbachia strain provides baseline information that will inform further development of in vitro protocols for Wolbachia manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald D Baldridge
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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23
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Zhang X, DeHaan LR, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Wyse DL, Anderson JA. New insights into high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits and sub-genomes of the perennial crop Thinopyrum intermedium (Triticeae). J Cereal Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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24
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Gnanandarajah JS, Gillis PA, Hernandez-Alvarado N, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Sung H, Lumley S, Schleiss MR. Identification by mass spectrometry and immune response analysis of guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) pentameric complex proteins GP129, 131 and 133. Viruses 2014; 6:727-51. [PMID: 24531333 PMCID: PMC3939480 DOI: 10.3390/v6020727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of a vaccine against congenital infection with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a major public health priority. A potential vaccine target receiving considerable recent attention is the pentameric complex (PC) of HCMV proteins consisting of gL, gH, UL128, UL130, and UL131, since some antibodies against these target proteins are capable of potently neutralizing virus at epithelial and endothelial cell surfaces. Recently, homologous proteins have been described for guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV), consisting of gH, gL, and the GPCMV proteins GP129, GP131, and GP133. To investigate these proteins as potential vaccine targets, expression of GP129-GP133 transcripts was confirmed by reverse-transcriptase PCR. Mass spectrometry combined with western blot assays demonstrated the presence of GP129, GP131, and GP133 proteins in virus particles. Recombinant proteins corresponding to these PC proteins were generated in baculovirus, and as GST fusion proteins. Recombinant proteins were noted to be immunoreactive with convalescent sera from infected animals, suggesting that these proteins are recognized in the humoral immune response to GPCMV infection. These analyses support the study of PC-based recombinant vaccines in the GPCMV congenital infection model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine S Gnanandarajah
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Peter A Gillis
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Nelmary Hernandez-Alvarado
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Heungsup Sung
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Sheila Lumley
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Mark R Schleiss
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 2001 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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Beckmann JF, Markowski TW, Witthuhn BA, Fallon AM. Detection of the Wolbachia-encoded DNA binding protein, HU beta, in mosquito gonads. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 43:272-279. [PMID: 23287400 PMCID: PMC3578164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Wolbachia are obligate intracellular bacteria that cause cytoplasmic incompatibility in mosquitoes. In an incompatible cross, eggs of uninfected females fail to hatch when fertilized by sperm from infected males. We used polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and tandem mass spectrometry to identify Wolbachia proteins in infected mosquito gonads. These included surface proteins with masses of 25 and 18 kDa and the DNA binding protein, HU beta. Using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, we showed that the HU gene is transcribed in Wolbachia-infected Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. We sequenced HU genes from four Wolbachia strains and compared deduced protein sequences with additional homologs from the databases. Among the Rickettsiales, Wolbachia HU has distinct N- and C-terminal basic/acidic amino acid motifs as well as a pair of conserved, cysteine residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Beckmann
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
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26
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Kim YC, Jahren N, Stone MD, Udeshi ND, Markowski TW, Witthuhn BA, Shabanowitz J, Hunt DF, Olszewski NE. Identification and origin of N-linked β-D-N-acetylglucosamine monosaccharide modifications on Arabidopsis proteins. Plant Physiol 2013; 161:455-64. [PMID: 23144189 PMCID: PMC3532274 DOI: 10.1104/pp.112.208900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Many plant proteins are modified with N-linked oligosaccharides at asparagine-X-serine/threonine sites during transit through the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi. We have identified a number of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) proteins with modifications consisting of an N-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine monosaccharide (N-GlcNAc). Electron transfer dissociation mass spectrometry analysis of peptides bearing this modification mapped the modification to asparagine-X-serine/threonine sites on proteins that are predicted to transit through the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. A mass labeling method was developed and used to study N-GlcNAc modification of two thioglucoside glucohydrolases (myrosinases), TGG1 and TGG2 (for thioglucoside glucohydrolase). These myrosinases are also modified with high-mannose (Man)-type glycans. We found that N-GlcNAc and high-Man-type glycans can occur at the same site. It has been hypothesized that N-GlcNAc modifications are generated when endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (ENGase) cleaves N-linked glycans. We examined the effects of mutations affecting the two known Arabidopsis ENGases on N-GlcNAc modification of myrosinase and found that modification of TGG2 was greatly reduced in one of the single mutants and absent in the double mutant. Surprisingly, N-GlcNAc modification of TGG1 was not affected in any of the mutants. These data support the hypothesis that ENGases hydrolyze high-Man glycans to produce some of the N-GlcNAc modifications but also suggest that some N-GlcNAc modifications are generated by another mechanism. Since N-GlcNAc modification was detected at only one site on each myrosinase, the production of the N-GlcNAc modification may be regulated.
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Andersen JD, Boylan KLM, Xue FS, Anderson LB, Witthuhn BA, Markowski TW, Higgins L, Skubitz APN. Identification of candidate biomarkers in ovarian cancer serum by depletion of highly abundant proteins and differential in-gel electrophoresis. Proteomics Clin Appl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201090055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Andersen JD, Boylan KLM, Xue FS, Anderson LB, Witthuhn BA, Markowski TW, Higgins L, Skubitz APN. Identification of candidate biomarkers in ovarian cancer serum by depletion of highly abundant proteins and differential in-gel electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:599-610. [PMID: 20162585 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death for women in the US, yet survival rates are over 90% when it is diagnosed at an early stage, highlighting the need for biomarkers for early detection. To enhance the discovery of tumor-specific proteins that could represent novel serum biomarkers for ovarian cancer, we depleted serum of highly abundant proteins which can mask the detection of proteins present in serum at low concentrations. Three commercial immunoaffinity columns were used in parallel to deplete the highly abundant proteins in serum from 60 patients with serous ovarian carcinoma and 60 non-cancer controls. Medium and low abundance serum proteins from each serum pool were then evaluated by the quantitative proteomic technique of differential in-gel electrophoresis. The number of protein spots that were elevated in ovarian cancer sera by at least twofold ranged from 36 to 248, depending upon the depletion and separation methods. From the 33 spots picked for MS analysis, nine different proteins were identified, including the novel candidate ovarian cancer biomarkers leucine-rich alpha2 glycoprotein-1 and ficolin 3. Western blotting validated the relative increases in serum protein levels for three of the proteins identified, demonstrating the utility of this approach for the identification of novel serum biomarkers for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Andersen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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