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Wang SY, Wang B, Li LY, Zuo Y, Jin X, Zhang B, Tian SW. Inhibition of the Integrated Stress Response Prevents Natural Forgetting and Corrects Accelerated Forgetting Associated with Epilepsy. Mol Neurobiol 2025; 62:6059-6069. [PMID: 39708234 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04669-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 12/16/2024] [Indexed: 12/23/2024]
Abstract
The neural mechanisms underlying the natural and maladaptive forgetting of established memory remain largely unknown. Brain disease states might hijack the physiological forgetting mechanisms, resulting in maladaptive forgetting such as accelerated forgetting that contributes to cognitive decline in various neurologic conditions including epilepsy. Based on the key role of the integrated stress response (ISR) in memory storage and maintenance, we determined whether the ISR underpins natural and accelerated forgetting. Here, based on the object location recognition (OLR) and novel object recognition (NOR) paradigms in mice, we found that the ISR was activated while an established memory was naturally forgotten, which was denoted by increased levels of phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), and reduced general protein synthesis. Multiple administrations of ISRIB, a small molecule ISR inhibitor, during the memory retention interval attenuated the ISR activation, and prevented the natural forgetting of established OLR and NOR memories. At the same time, a single injection of ISRIB has no effect on natural forgetting and memory retrieval. Moreover, administration of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), an inducer of epileptic seizures, during the memory retention interval provoked the ISR activation and accelerated forgetting, which was corrected by ISRIB treatment. Together, our findings suggest that the ISR is critically involved in natural forgetting and accelerated forgetting associated with epilepsy, and pharmacological inhibition of the ISR may emerge as a novel intervention strategy for accelerated forgetting in patients with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yi Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Lu-Yao Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Yi Zuo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Shao-Wen Tian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, Guangxi, China.
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2
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D’Agostino M, Rol-Moreno J, Bec G, Kuhn L, Ennifar E, Simonetti A. A structural element within the 5'UTR of β-catenin mRNA modulates its translation under hypoxia. Nucleic Acids Res 2025; 53:gkaf321. [PMID: 40309781 PMCID: PMC12044334 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaf321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2025] [Accepted: 04/22/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Tight regulation of translation initiation is crucial for cellular adaptation to environmental changes. Stress conditions like hypoxia trigger translational reprogramming of mRNAs encoding proteins essential for stress recovery and cell survival. Recent studies highlight alternative translation initiation pathways based on specific motifs in mRNA 5' untranslated regions (5'UTRs). Notably, β-catenin is of particular interest since maintaining its translation promotes cancer cell persistence and plasticity. β-Catenin, an oncogenic protein, plays a key role in Wnt signalling. Besides dysregulation of the β-catenin/Wnt pathway, chemotherapy-induced hypoxia leads to abnormal nuclear β-catenin accumulation, modulating gene expression linked to cancer progression and metastasis. However, the mechanism sustaining β-catenin translation in stressed cells remains elusive. To explore how β-catenin mRNA evades global translational blockade in hypoxic cancer cells, we analysed its 5'UTR and identified a translation regulatory element in cellulo. We discovered a GC-rich three-way junction (TWJ) structure within the β-catenin 5'UTR enhancing its hypoxia-driven translation. A polypurine region within the TWJ anchors eIF4B, eIF4A, and eIF4G2. Importantly, the TWJ makes β-catenin mRNA translation eIF4A-dependent and sensitive to silvestrol, a selective eIF4A inhibitor and promising anticancer agent. This study elucidates the 5'UTR-driven β-catenin mechanism under hypoxia, paving the way to inhibit its translation in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia D’Agostino
- Architecture et Réactivité de l’ARN, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 2 Allée Konrad Roetgen, Strasbourg 67084, France
| | - Javier Rol-Moreno
- Architecture et Réactivité de l’ARN, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 2 Allée Konrad Roetgen, Strasbourg 67084, France
- Sanofi-Aventis R&D, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Guillaume Bec
- Architecture et Réactivité de l’ARN, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 2 Allée Konrad Roetgen, Strasbourg 67084, France
| | - Lauriane Kuhn
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Plateforme protéomique Strasbourg-Esplanade, Université de Strasbourg, 2 Allée Konrad Roentgen, Strasbourg 67084, France
| | - Eric Ennifar
- Architecture et Réactivité de l’ARN, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 2 Allée Konrad Roetgen, Strasbourg 67084, France
| | - Angelita Simonetti
- Architecture et Réactivité de l’ARN, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 2 Allée Konrad Roetgen, Strasbourg 67084, France
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3
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Thoenen E, Ranjan A, Parrales A, Nishikawa S, Dixon DA, Oka S, Iwakuma T. Suppression of stress granule formation is a vulnerability imposed by mutant p53. Nat Commun 2025; 16:2365. [PMID: 40064891 PMCID: PMC11894096 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-57539-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Missense mutations in the TP53 (p53) gene have been linked to malignant progression. However, our in-silico analyses reveal that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with mutant p53 (mutp53) have better overall survival compared to those with p53-null (p53null) HCC, unlike other cancer types. Given the historical use of sorafenib (SOR) monotherapy for advanced HCC, we hypothesize that mutp53 increases sensitivity to SOR, a multikinase inhibitor that induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Here we show that mutp53 inhibits stress granule (SG) formation by binding to an ER stress sensor, PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), and a key SG component, GAP SH3 domain-binding protein 1 (G3BP1), contributing to increased sensitivity of SG-competent cells and xenografts to ER stress inducers including SOR. Our study identifies a unique vulnerability imposed by mutp53, suggesting mutp53 as a biomarker for ER stress-inducing agents and highlighting the importance of SG inhibition for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Thoenen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Atul Ranjan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Alejandro Parrales
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Shigeto Nishikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Dan A Dixon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Sugako Oka
- Faculty of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoo Iwakuma
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Children's Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, MO, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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4
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Acosta-Alvear D, Harnoss JM, Walter P, Ashkenazi A. Homeostasis control in health and disease by the unfolded protein response. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2025; 26:193-212. [PMID: 39501044 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00794-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2025]
Abstract
Cells rely on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to fold and assemble newly synthesized transmembrane and secretory proteins - essential for cellular structure-function and for both intracellular and intercellular communication. To ensure the operative fidelity of the ER, eukaryotic cells leverage the unfolded protein response (UPR) - a stress-sensing and signalling network that maintains homeostasis by rebalancing the biosynthetic capacity of the ER according to need. The metazoan UPR can also redirect signalling from cytoprotective adaptation to programmed cell death if homeostasis restoration fails. As such, the UPR benefits multicellular organisms by preserving optimally functioning cells while removing damaged ones. Nevertheless, dysregulation of the UPR can be harmful. In this Review, we discuss the UPR and its regulatory processes as a paradigm in health and disease. We highlight important recent advances in molecular and mechanistic understanding of the UPR that enable greater precision in designing and developing innovative strategies to harness its potential for therapeutic gain. We underscore the rheostatic character of the UPR, its contextual nature and critical open questions for its further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan M Harnoss
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter Walter
- Altos Labs, Inc., Bay Area Institute of Science, Redwood City, CA, USA.
| | - Avi Ashkenazi
- Research Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.
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5
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Firdaus MER, Dukhno E, Kapoor R, Gerlach P. Two Birds With One Stone: RNA Virus Strategies to Manipulate G3BP1 and Other Stress Granule Components. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2025; 16:e70005. [PMID: 40170442 PMCID: PMC11962251 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.70005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2025] [Accepted: 01/30/2025] [Indexed: 04/03/2025]
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are membrane-less organelles forming in the cytoplasm in response to various types of stress, including viral infection. SGs and SG-associated proteins can play either a proviral role, by facilitating viral replication, or an antiviral role, by limiting the translation capacity, sequestering viral RNA, or contributing to the innate immune response of the cell. Consequently, viruses frequently target stress granules while counteracting cellular translation shut-off and the antiviral response. One strategy is to sequester SG components, not only to impair their assembly but also to repurpose and incorporate them into viral replication sites. G3BP1 is a key SG protein, driving its nucleation through protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions. Many cellular proteins, including other SG components, interact with G3BP1 via their ΦxFG motifs. Notably, SARS-CoV N proteins and alphaviral nsP3 proteins contain similar motifs, allowing them to compete for G3BP1. Several SG proteins have been shown to interact with the flaviviral capsid protein, which is primarily responsible for anchoring the viral genome inside the virion. There are also numerous examples of structured elements within coronaviral and flaviviral RNAs recruiting or sponging SG proteins. Despite these insights, the structural and biochemical details of SG-virus interactions remain largely unexplored and are known only for a handful of cases. Exploring their molecular relevance for infection and discovering new examples of direct SG-virus contacts is highly important, as advances in this area will open new possibilities for the design of targeted therapies and potentially broad-spectrum antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moh Egy Rahman Firdaus
- IMol Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
- ReMedy International Research Agenda UnitIMol Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | - Eliana Dukhno
- IMol Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
- ReMedy International Research Agenda UnitIMol Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
| | | | - Piotr Gerlach
- IMol Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
- ReMedy International Research Agenda UnitIMol Polish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland
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6
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Razumova E, Makariuk A, Dontsova O, Shepelev N, Rubtsova M. Structural Features of 5' Untranslated Region in Translational Control of Eukaryotes. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:1979. [PMID: 40076602 PMCID: PMC11900008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26051979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2025] [Revised: 02/19/2025] [Accepted: 02/21/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is a complex process regulated at multiple levels in eukaryotic cells. Translation frequently represents a pivotal step in the control of gene expression. Among the stages of translation, initiation is particularly important, as it governs ribosome recruitment and the efficiency of protein synthesis. The 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of mRNA plays a key role in this process, often exhibiting a complicated and structured landscape. Numerous eukaryotic mRNAs possess long 5' UTRs that contain diverse regulatory elements, including RNA secondary structures, specific nucleotide motifs, and chemical modifications. These structural features can independently modulate translation through their intrinsic properties or by serving as platforms for trans-acting factors such as RNA-binding proteins. The dynamic nature of 5' UTR elements allows cells to fine-tune translation in response to environmental and cellular signals. Understanding these mechanisms is not only fundamental to molecular biology but also holds significant biomedical potential. Insights into 5' UTR-mediated regulation could drive advancements in synthetic biology and mRNA-based targeted therapies. This review outlines the current knowledge of the structural elements of the 5' UTR, the interplay between them, and their combined functional impact on translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Razumova
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia; (E.R.); (O.D.); (N.S.)
| | - Aleksandr Makariuk
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia;
| | - Olga Dontsova
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia; (E.R.); (O.D.); (N.S.)
- A.N.Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117437, Russia
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Center for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Moscow 121205, Russia
| | - Nikita Shepelev
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia; (E.R.); (O.D.); (N.S.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117437, Russia
| | - Maria Rubtsova
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia; (E.R.); (O.D.); (N.S.)
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117437, Russia
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7
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Wang K, Wen X, Ding Y, Geng Y, Yu Y, Tian W, Li Y, Wang Z. Revealing mechanisms of high protein accumulation in Graesiella emersonii WBG-1 under heterotrophic condition. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2025; 418:131992. [PMID: 39694111 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2024] [Revised: 11/21/2024] [Accepted: 12/15/2024] [Indexed: 12/20/2024]
Abstract
Low protein content under heterotrophic conditions limits the industrial production of proteins by microalgae. In this study, Graesiella emersonii WBG-1 efficiently synthesized and accumulated proteins (64.03%) under heterotrophic conditions, distinguishing it from other microalgae. Integrated transcriptome and proteome analyses revealed that genes and proteins associated with the photosynthetic system were significantly upregulated under heterotrophic culture compared to photoautotrophic and mixotrophic conditions. Nitrogen assimilation was enhanced while carbohydrate and fatty acid biosynthesis were restricted, carbon redirected towards amino acid and protein synthesis. Ribosome biogenesis was strengthened, and translation initiation and elongation factors were upregulated, increasing the translational activity of algal cells and promoting overall protein synthesis. Overall, these findings elucidate the mechanisms underlying efficient protein synthesis in G. emersonii WBG-1 under heterotrophic conditions, offering new insights and complementary perspectives on the regulation of protein synthesis in microalgae across different nutritional modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaobin Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yi Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yahong Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Youzhi Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wenjie Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yeguang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Zhongjie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
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8
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Wu XY, Peng S, Li XT, Chen SW, Wei Y, Ye YT, Zhou CZ, Zhong ZK, Gao LZ, Jin CY, Kong DP, Liu SW, Zhou GQ. PFKP inhibition protects against pathological cardiac hypertrophy by regulating protein synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2025; 1871:167542. [PMID: 39419453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming precedes most alterations during pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (HF). Recent studies have revealed that Phosphofructokinase, platelet (PFKP) has a wealth of metabolic and non-metabolic functions. In this study, we explored the role of PFKP in cardiac hypertrophic growth and HF. The expression level of PFKP was elevated both in pathological cardiac remodeling mouse model challenged by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery and in the neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) stimulated by phenylephrine (PE). In global PFKP knockout (PFKP-KO) mice, cardiac hypertrophy was ameliorated under TAC surgery, while overexpression of PFKP by intravenous injection of adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) under the cardiac troponin T (cTnT) promoter worsened myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. In NRCMs, small interfering RNA (SiRNA) knockdown or adenovirus (Adv) overexpression of PFKP was employed and the intervention of PFKP showed a similar phenotype. Mechanistically, immunoprecipitation combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (IP-MS/MS) analysis was used to identify the interacting proteins of PFKP. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit beta (EIF2S2) was identified as the downstream target of PFKP. In the PE-stimulated NRCM hypertrophy model and mouse TAC model, knocking down EIF2S2 after PFKP overexpression reduced the synthesis of new proteins and alleviated the hypertrophy phenotype. Our findings illuminate that PFKP participates in pathological cardiac hypertrophy partly by regulating protein synthesis through EIF2S2, which provides a new clue for the involvement of metabolic intermediates in signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Shi Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Xin-Tao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Song-Wen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Yu-Tong Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Chang-Zuan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Zi-Kan Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Long-Zhe Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Chen-Yang Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - De-Ping Kong
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Shao-Wen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China.
| | - Gen-Qing Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China.
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9
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Huang H, Liao Y, Li N, Qu X, Li C, Hou J. The translation initiation factor eIF2α regulates lipid homeostasis and metabolic aging. Aging Cell 2025; 24:e14348. [PMID: 39407444 PMCID: PMC11709108 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Aging is usually accompanied by excessive body fat gain, leading to increased susceptibility to comorbidities. This study aimed to explore an unexpected function for the eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α) during aging. Reducing the eIF2α dose led to a reconfiguration of the metabolic equilibrium, promoting catabolism, facilitating lipolysis, and decreasing body fat accumulation while maintaining healthy glucose and lipid metabolism during aging. Specifically, eIF2α enhanced the expression of distinct messenger RNAs encoding mitochondrial electron transport chain proteins at the translation level. The mitochondrial respiration increased in eIF2α heterozygotes, even during aging. Deceleration of translation was demonstrated as a conserved mechanism for promoting longevity across various species. Our findings demonstrated that the restriction of translation by reducing eIF2α expression could fend off multiple tissue damage and improve metabolic homeostasis during aging. Hence, eIF2α was a crucial target for benefiting mammalian aging achieving delayed mammalian aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Huang
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yilie Liao
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ning Li
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xingfan Qu
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chaocan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal EngineeringTianjin Chengjian UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Jiaqi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
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10
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Bhatter N, Ivanov P. A general framework to analyze potential roles of tDRs in mammalian protein synthesis. Methods Enzymol 2024; 711:29-46. [PMID: 39952711 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2024.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2025]
Abstract
tRNA-derived RNAs (tDRs) are a heterogeneous class of small non-coding RNAs that have been implicated in numerous biological processes including the regulation of mRNA translation. A subclass of tDRs called tRNA-derived stress-induced RNAs (tiRNAs) have been shown to participate in translational control under stress where specific tiRNAs repress protein synthesis. Here, we use a prototypical tiRNA (5'-tiRNAAla) that inhibits mRNA translation in vitro and in cells as a model to study potential roles of tDRs in translational control. Specifically, we propose to use commercially available and custom-made in vitro translation systems together with sensitive luciferase-based mRNA reporters as well as transfection studies to determine potential effects of a given tDR on various aspects of protein synthesis. We overview methods to probe the capacity of specific tDRs to target specific steps of mRNA translation initiation, the most regulated step in translational control. Using 5'-tiRNAAla as an example, we analyze its effects on the integrity of the m7GTP (cap)-bound eIF4F complex and phosphorylation of eIF2α, the key regulatory molecule of the Integrated Stress Response. Using transfection studies, we also monitor whether tDRs can promote formation of stress granules (SGs), RNA granules are often formed in response to global translation repression in live cells. This simple workflow offers fast, scalable, and reliable analyses of a potential involvement of specific tDRs in the modulation of protein synthesis and provides initial hints on molecular mechanisms that underline such mRNA translation regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Bhatter
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pavel Ivanov
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's, Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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11
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Karlström V, Sagredo E, Planells J, Welinder C, Jungfleisch J, Barrera-Conde A, Engfors L, Daniel C, Gebauer F, Visa N, Öhman M. ADAR3 modulates neuronal differentiation and regulates mRNA stability and translation. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:12021-12038. [PMID: 39217468 PMCID: PMC11514483 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
ADAR3 is a catalytically inactive member of the family of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs). Here we have investigated its function in the context of the developing mouse brain. The expression of ADAR3 gradually increases throughout embryogenesis and drops after birth. Using primary cortical neurons, we show that ADAR3 is only expressed in a subpopulation of in vitro differentiated neurons, which suggests specific functions rather than being a general regulator of ADAR editing in the brain. The analysis of the ADAR3 interactome suggested a role in mRNA stability and translation, and we show that expression of ADAR3 in a neuronal cell line that is otherwise ADAR3-negative changes the expression and stability of a large number of mRNAs. Notably, we show that ADAR3 associates with polysomes and inhibits translation. We propose that ADAR3 binds to target mRNAs and stabilizes them in non-productive polysome complexes. Interestingly, the expression of ADAR3 downregulates genes related to neuronal differentiation and inhibits neurofilament outgrowth in vitro. In summary, we propose that ADAR3 negatively regulates neuronal differentiation, and that it does so by regulating mRNA stability and translation in an editing-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Karlström
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20C, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Eduardo A Sagredo
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20C, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Jordi Planells
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20C, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Welinder
- Mass Spectrometry, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund SE-221 84, Sweden
| | - Jennifer Jungfleisch
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, ES-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Barrera-Conde
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, ES-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Linus Engfors
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20C, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Chammiran Daniel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20C, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Fátima Gebauer
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology, ES-08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), ES-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Visa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20C, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Marie Öhman
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 20C, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden
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12
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Yang M, Mo Z, Walsh K, Liu W, Guo X. The Integrated Stress Response Suppresses PINK1-dependent Mitophagy by Preserving Mitochondrial Import Efficiency. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.10.16.617214. [PMID: 39463933 PMCID: PMC11507992 DOI: 10.1101/2024.10.16.617214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2024]
Abstract
Mitophagy is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial health, but how its levels adjust to different stress conditions remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of the DELE1-HRI axis of integrated stress response (ISR) in regulating mitophagy, a key mitochondrial stress pathway. Our findings show that the ISR suppresses mitophagy under non-depolarizing mitochondrial stress by positively regulating mitochondrial protein import, independent of ATF4 activation. Mitochondrial protein import is regulated by the rate of protein synthesis under both depolarizing and non-depolarizing stress. Without ISR, increased protein synthesis overwhelms the mitochondrial import machinery, reducing its efficiency. Under depolarizing stress, mitochondrial import is heavily impaired even with active ISR, leading to significant PINK1 accumulation. In contrast, non-depolarizing stress allows more efficient protein import in the presence of ISR, resulting in lower mitophagy. Without ISR, mitochondrial protein import becomes severely compromised, causing PINK1 accumulation to reach the threshold necessary to trigger mitophagy. These findings reveal a novel link between ISR-regulated protein synthesis, mitochondrial import, and mitophagy, offering potential therapeutic targets for diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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13
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Irshad IU, Sharma AK. Understanding the regulation of protein synthesis under stress conditions. Biophys J 2024; 123:3627-3639. [PMID: 39277792 PMCID: PMC11494521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2024.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein synthesis regulation primarily occurs at translation initiation, the first step of gene translation. However, the regulation of translation initiation under various conditions is not fully understood. Specifically, the reason why protein production from certain mRNAs remains resistant to stress while others do not show such resilience. Moreover, why is protein production enhanced from a few transcripts under stress conditions, whereas it is decreased in the majority of transcripts? We address them by developing a Monte Carlo simulation model of protein synthesis and ribosome scanning. We find that mRNAs with strong Kozak contexts exhibit minimal reduction in translation initiation rate under stress conditions. Moreover, these transcripts exhibit even greater resilience to stress when the scanning speed of 43S ribosome subunit is slow, albeit at the cost of reduced initiation rate. This implies a trade-off between initiation rate and the ability of mRNA to withstand stress. We also show that mRNAs featuring an upstream ORF can act as a regulatory switch. This switch elevates protein production from the main ORF under stress conditions; however, minimal to no proteins are produced under the normal condition. Because, in stress, a larger fraction of 43S ribosomes bypasses the upstream ORF due to its weak Kozak context. This, in turn, increases the number of scanning ribosomes reaching the main ORF, whose strong Kozak context can convert them into 80S ribosomes, even under stress conditions. This switching allows an efficient use of cellular resources by producing proteins when they are required. Thus, our computational study provides valuable insights into our understanding of stress-responsive translation-initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ajeet K Sharma
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Jammu, India; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jammu, India.
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14
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Labbé K, LeBon L, King B, Vu N, Stoops EH, Ly N, Lefebvre AEYT, Seitzer P, Krishnan S, Heo JM, Bennett B, Sidrauski C. Specific activation of the integrated stress response uncovers regulation of central carbon metabolism and lipid droplet biogenesis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8301. [PMID: 39333061 PMCID: PMC11436933 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52538-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The integrated stress response (ISR) enables cells to cope with a variety of insults, but its specific contribution to downstream cellular outputs remains unclear. Using a synthetic tool, we selectively activate the ISR without co-activation of parallel pathways and define the resulting cellular state with multi-omics profiling. We identify time- and dose-dependent gene expression modules, with ATF4 driving only a small but sensitive subgroup that includes amino acid metabolic enzymes. This ATF4 response affects cellular bioenergetics, rerouting carbon utilization towards amino acid production and away from the tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty acid synthesis. We also find an ATF4-independent reorganization of the lipidome that promotes DGAT-dependent triglyceride synthesis and accumulation of lipid droplets. While DGAT1 is the main driver of lipid droplet biogenesis, DGAT2 plays an essential role in buffering stress and maintaining cell survival. Together, we demonstrate the sufficiency of the ISR in promoting a previously unappreciated metabolic state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren LeBon
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bryan King
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ngoc Vu
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Nina Ly
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jin-Mi Heo
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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15
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Martisova A, Faktor J, Sosolikova T, Klemesova I, Kolarova T, Holcakova J, Hrstka R. Characterization of the AGR2-NPM3 axis uncovers the AGR2 involvement in PD-L1 regulation in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21926. [PMID: 39300184 PMCID: PMC11413233 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72990-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive research, the molecular role of AGR2 in the progression and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been fully characterized. We used quantitative mass spectrometry (SWATH MS) to identify differentially expressed proteins in paired CRC cell models of the SW480 and SW620 cell lines in response to AGR2 protein level manipulation. Relying on the results from SWATH MS and subsequent immunochemical validation, we selected NMP3 as the top candidate protein associated with AGR2 in CRC tumour cells in our screen. RT‒qPCR and immunochemical analysis confirmed the involvement of AGR2-mediated regulation of NPM3 at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Since PD-L1 is a constituent of the NPM3 regulatory axis, we aimed to correlate the changes in PD-L1 to the differential expression of AGR2 in our cell models. We found that AGR2 positively regulates PD-L1 levels in both SW480 and SW620 cell lines; additionally, several different CRC patient transcriptome cohorts confirmed the association of AGR2 with PD-L1. Our work reveals a new AGR2-NPM3 regulatory axis and the involvement of AGR2 in the regulation of PD-L1, which paves the way for the association of AGR2 with immune evasion in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Martisova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty Kopec 7, Brno, 65653, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Faktor
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Kladki 24, Gdansk, 80-822, Poland
| | - Tereza Sosolikova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty Kopec 7, Brno, 65653, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, 117204 Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Klemesova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty Kopec 7, Brno, 65653, Czech Republic
| | - Tamara Kolarova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty Kopec 7, Brno, 65653, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Holcakova
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty Kopec 7, Brno, 65653, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Hrstka
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty Kopec 7, Brno, 65653, Czech Republic.
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16
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Hanson FM, Ribeiro de Oliveira MI, Cross AK, Allen KE, Campbell SG. eIF2B localization and its regulation during the integrated stress response is cell-type specific. iScience 2024; 27:110851. [PMID: 39310746 PMCID: PMC11414691 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) controls translation initiation by recycling inactive eIF2-GDP to active eIF2-GTP. Under cellular stress, the integrated stress response (ISR) is activated inhibiting eIF2B activity resulting in the translation attenuation and reprogramming of gene expression to overcome the stress. The ISR can dictate cell fate wherein chronic activation has pathological outcomes. Vanishing white matter disease (VWMD) is a chronic ISR-related disorder with mutations in eIF2B targeting astrocyte and oligodendrocyte cells. Regulation of eIF2B localization (eIF2B bodies) has been implicated in the ISR. We present evidence that neuronal and glial cell types possess distinct patterns of eIF2B bodies which change in a manner correlating to acute and chronic ISR activation. We also demonstrate that while neural and glial cell types respond similarly to the acute induction of the ISR a chronic ISR exerts cell-type specific differences. These findings provide key insights into neural cell responses and adaptation to cellular stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe M. Hanson
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Industry and Innovation Research Institute (IRI), Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Madalena I. Ribeiro de Oliveira
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Industry and Innovation Research Institute (IRI), Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Alison K. Cross
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Industry and Innovation Research Institute (IRI), Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - K. Elizabeth Allen
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Industry and Innovation Research Institute (IRI), Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Susan G. Campbell
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Industry and Innovation Research Institute (IRI), Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
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17
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Yulyaningsih E, Suh JH, Fanok M, Chau R, Solanoy H, Takahashi R, Bakardjiev AI, Becerra I, Benitez NB, Chiu CL, Davis SS, Dowdle WE, Earr T, Estrada AA, Gill A, Ha C, Haddick PCG, Henne KR, Larhammar M, Leung AWS, Maciuca R, Memarzadeh B, Nguyen HN, Nugent AA, Osipov M, Ran Y, Rebadulla K, Roche E, Sandmann T, Wang J, Lewcock JW, Scearce-Levie K, Kane LA, Sanchez PE. DNL343 is an investigational CNS penetrant eukaryotic initiation factor 2B activator that prevents and reverses the effects of neurodegeneration caused by the integrated stress response. eLife 2024; 12:RP92173. [PMID: 39287504 PMCID: PMC11407769 DOI: 10.7554/elife.92173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The integrated stress response (ISR) is a conserved pathway in eukaryotic cells that is activated in response to multiple sources of cellular stress. Although acute activation of this pathway restores cellular homeostasis, intense or prolonged ISR activation perturbs cell function and may contribute to neurodegeneration. DNL343 is an investigational CNS-penetrant small-molecule ISR inhibitor designed to activate the eukaryotic initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) and suppress aberrant ISR activation. DNL343 reduced CNS ISR activity and neurodegeneration in a dose-dependent manner in two established in vivo models - the optic nerve crush injury and an eIF2B loss of function (LOF) mutant - demonstrating neuroprotection in both and preventing motor dysfunction in the LOF mutant mouse. Treatment with DNL343 at a late stage of disease in the LOF model reversed elevation in plasma biomarkers of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration and prevented premature mortality. Several proteins and metabolites that are dysregulated in the LOF mouse brains were normalized by DNL343 treatment, and this response is detectable in human biofluids. Several of these biomarkers show differential levels in CSF and plasma from patients with vanishing white matter disease (VWMD), a neurodegenerative disease that is driven by eIF2B LOF and chronic ISR activation, supporting their potential translational relevance. This study demonstrates that DNL343 is a brain-penetrant ISR inhibitor capable of attenuating neurodegeneration in mouse models and identifies several biomarker candidates that may be used to assess treatment responses in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jung H Suh
- Denali TherapeuticsSouth San FranciscoUnited States
| | | | - Roni Chau
- Denali TherapeuticsSouth San FranciscoUnited States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chi-Lu Chiu
- Denali TherapeuticsSouth San FranciscoUnited States
| | | | | | - Timothy Earr
- Denali TherapeuticsSouth San FranciscoUnited States
| | | | - Audrey Gill
- Denali TherapeuticsSouth San FranciscoUnited States
| | - Connie Ha
- Denali TherapeuticsSouth San FranciscoUnited States
| | | | - Kirk R Henne
- Denali TherapeuticsSouth San FranciscoUnited States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yingqing Ran
- Denali TherapeuticsSouth San FranciscoUnited States
| | | | - Elysia Roche
- Denali TherapeuticsSouth San FranciscoUnited States
| | | | - Jing Wang
- Denali TherapeuticsSouth San FranciscoUnited States
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18
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Megawati D, Stroup JN, Park C, Clarkson T, Tazi L, Brennan G, Rothenburg S. Tanapox Virus and Yaba Monkey Tumor Virus K3 Orthologs Inhibit Primate Protein Kinase R in a Species-Specific Fashion. Viruses 2024; 16:1095. [PMID: 39066257 PMCID: PMC11281682 DOI: 10.3390/v16071095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Yaba monkey tumor virus (YMTV) and Tanapox virus (TPV) are members of the Yatapoxvirus genus and can infect humans and other primates. Despite the threat posed by yatapoxviruses, the factors determining their host range are poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the ability of YMTV and TPV orthologs of vaccinia virus K3 (called 012 in YMTV and TPV), which share 75% amino acid identity with one another, to inhibit PKR from 15 different primate species. We first used a luciferase-based reporter, and found that YMTV and TPV K3 orthologs inhibited PKR in a species-specific manner and showed distinct PKR inhibition profiles. TPV 012 inhibited PKR from 11 primates, including humans, substantially better than YMTV 012. In contrast, both K3 orthologs inhibited the other four primate PKRs comparably well. Using YMTV 012 and TPV 012 hybrids, we mapped the region responsible for the differential PKR inhibition to the C- terminus of the K3 orthologs. Next, we generated chimeric vaccinia virus strains to investigate whether TPV K3 and YMTV K3 orthologs could rescue the replication of a vaccinia virus strain that lacks PKR inhibitors K3L and E3L. Virus replication in primate-derived cells generally correlated with the patterns observed in the luciferase-based assay. Together, these observations demonstrate that yatapoxvirus K3 orthologs have distinct PKR inhibition profiles and inhibit PKR in a species-specific manner, which may contribute to the differential susceptibility of primate species to yatapoxvirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewi Megawati
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.M.); (J.N.S.); (C.P.); (L.T.)
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Warmadewa University, Denpasar 80239, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Jeannine N. Stroup
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.M.); (J.N.S.); (C.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Chorong Park
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.M.); (J.N.S.); (C.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Taylor Clarkson
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.M.); (J.N.S.); (C.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Loubna Tazi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.M.); (J.N.S.); (C.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Greg Brennan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.M.); (J.N.S.); (C.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Stefan Rothenburg
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (D.M.); (J.N.S.); (C.P.); (L.T.)
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19
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Fan Q, Wen S, Zhang Y, Feng X, Zheng W, Liang X, Lin Y, Zhao S, Xie K, Jiang H, Tang H, Zeng X, Guo Y, Wang F, Yang X. Assessment of circulating proteins in thyroid cancer: Proteome-wide Mendelian randomization and colocalization analysis. iScience 2024; 27:109961. [PMID: 38947504 PMCID: PMC11214373 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The causality between circulating proteins and thyroid cancer (TC) remains unclear. We employed five large-scale circulating proteomic genome-wide association studies (GWASs) with up to 100,000 participants and a TC meta-GWAS (nCase = 3,418, nControl = 292,703) to conduct proteome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) and Bayesian colocalization analysis. Protein and gene expressions were validated in thyroid tissue. Through MR analysis, we identified 26 circulating proteins with a putative causal relationship with TCs, among which NANS protein passed multiple corrections (P BH = 3.28e-5, 0.05/1,525). These proteins were involved in amino acids and organic acid synthesis pathways. Colocalization analysis further identified six proteins associated with TCs (VCAM1, LGMN, NPTX1, PLEKHA7, TNFAIP3, and BMP1). Tissue validation confirmed BMP1, LGMN, and PLEKHA7's differential expression between normal and TC tissues. We found limited evidence for linking circulating proteins and the risk of TCs. Our study highlighted the contribution of proteins, particularly those involved in amino acid metabolism, to TCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Fan
- The School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi, China
| | - Shifeng Wen
- The School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xiuming Feng
- The School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi, China
| | - Wanting Zheng
- The School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaolin Liang
- The School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi, China
| | - Yutong Lin
- The School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi, China
| | - Shimei Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi, China
| | - Kaisheng Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi, China
| | - Hancheng Jiang
- Liuzhou Workers' Hospital, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi, China
| | - Haifeng Tang
- The Second People’s Hospital of Yulin, Yulin 537000, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiangtai Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - You Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Fei Wang
- The School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- The School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi, China
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20
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Yin JZ, Keszei AFA, Houliston S, Filandr F, Beenstock J, Daou S, Kitaygorodsky J, Schriemer DC, Mazhab-Jafari MT, Gingras AC, Sicheri F. The HisRS-like domain of GCN2 is a pseudoenzyme that can bind uncharged tRNA. Structure 2024; 32:795-811.e6. [PMID: 38531363 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
GCN2 is a stress response kinase that phosphorylates the translation initiation factor eIF2α to inhibit general protein synthesis when activated by uncharged tRNA and stalled ribosomes. The presence of a HisRS-like domain in GCN2, normally associated with tRNA aminoacylation, led to the hypothesis that eIF2α kinase activity is regulated by the direct binding of this domain to uncharged tRNA. Here we solved the structure of the HisRS-like domain in the context of full-length GCN2 by cryoEM. Structure and function analysis shows the HisRS-like domain of GCN2 has lost histidine and ATP binding but retains tRNA binding abilities. Hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, site-directed mutagenesis and computational docking experiments support a tRNA binding model that is partially shifted from that employed by bona fide HisRS enzymes. These results demonstrate that the HisRS-like domain of GCN2 is a pseudoenzyme and advance our understanding of GCN2 regulation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Z Yin
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Alexander F A Keszei
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Scott Houliston
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Frantisek Filandr
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jonah Beenstock
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Salima Daou
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Julia Kitaygorodsky
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - David C Schriemer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Mohammad T Mazhab-Jafari
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Frank Sicheri
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
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21
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Lu HJ, Koju N, Sheng R. Mammalian integrated stress responses in stressed organelles and their functions. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1095-1114. [PMID: 38267546 PMCID: PMC11130345 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01225-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The integrated stress response (ISR) triggered in response to various cellular stress enables mammalian cells to effectively cope with diverse stressful conditions while maintaining their normal functions. Four kinases (PERK, PKR, GCN2, and HRI) of ISR regulate ISR signaling and intracellular protein translation via mediating the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 α (eIF2α) at Ser51. Early ISR creates an opportunity for cells to repair themselves and restore homeostasis. This effect, however, is reversed in the late stages of ISR. Currently, some studies have shown the non-negligible impact of ISR on diseases such as ischemic diseases, cognitive impairment, metabolic syndrome, cancer, vanishing white matter, etc. Hence, artificial regulation of ISR and its signaling with ISR modulators becomes a promising therapeutic strategy for relieving disease symptoms and improving clinical outcomes. Here, we provide an overview of the essential mechanisms of ISR and describe the ISR-related pathways in organelles including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. Meanwhile, the regulatory effects of ISR modulators and their potential application in various diseases are also enumerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jun Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Nirmala Koju
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Rui Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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22
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van den Akker GGH, Chabronova A, Housmans BAC, van der Vloet L, Surtel DAM, Cremers A, Marchand V, Motorin Y, Caron MMJ, Peffers MJ, Welting TJM. TGF-β2 Induces Ribosome Activity, Alters Ribosome Composition and Inhibits IRES-Mediated Translation in Chondrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5031. [PMID: 38732249 PMCID: PMC11084827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Alterations in cell fate are often attributed to (epigenetic) regulation of gene expression. An emerging paradigm focuses on specialized ribosomes within a cell. However, little evidence exists for the dynamic regulation of ribosome composition and function. Here, we stimulated a chondrocytic cell line with transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β2) and mapped changes in ribosome function, composition and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) epitranscriptomics. 35S Met/Cys incorporation was used to evaluate ribosome activity. Dual luciferase reporter assays were used to assess ribosomal modus. Ribosomal RNA expression and processing were determined by RT-qPCR, while RiboMethSeq and HydraPsiSeq were used to determine rRNA modification profiles. Label-free protein quantification of total cell lysates, isolated ribosomes and secreted proteins was done by LC-MS/MS. A three-day TGF-β2 stimulation induced total protein synthesis in SW1353 chondrocytic cells and human articular chondrocytes. Specifically, TGF-β2 induced cap-mediated protein synthesis, while IRES-mediated translation was not (P53 IRES) or little affected (CrPv IGR and HCV IRES). Three rRNA post-transcriptional modifications (PTMs) were affected by TGF-β2 stimulation (18S-Gm1447 downregulated, 18S-ψ1177 and 28S-ψ4598 upregulated). Proteomic analysis of isolated ribosomes revealed increased interaction with eIF2 and tRNA ligases and decreased association of eIF4A3 and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (HNRNP)s. In addition, thirteen core ribosomal proteins were more present in ribosomes from TGF-β2 stimulated cells, albeit with a modest fold change. A prolonged stimulation of chondrocytic cells with TGF-β2 induced ribosome activity and changed the mode of translation. These functional changes could be coupled to alterations in accessory proteins in the ribosomal proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guus G. H. van den Akker
- Laboratory of Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research School CAPHRI, Faculty of Healthy Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.C.); (M.M.J.C.); (T.J.M.W.)
| | - Alzbeta Chabronova
- Laboratory of Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research School CAPHRI, Faculty of Healthy Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.C.); (M.M.J.C.); (T.J.M.W.)
- Department of Musculoskeletal Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Bas A. C. Housmans
- Laboratory of Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research School CAPHRI, Faculty of Healthy Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.C.); (M.M.J.C.); (T.J.M.W.)
| | - Laura van der Vloet
- Laboratory of Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research School CAPHRI, Faculty of Healthy Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.C.); (M.M.J.C.); (T.J.M.W.)
| | - Don A. M. Surtel
- Laboratory of Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research School CAPHRI, Faculty of Healthy Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.C.); (M.M.J.C.); (T.J.M.W.)
| | - Andy Cremers
- Laboratory of Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research School CAPHRI, Faculty of Healthy Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.C.); (M.M.J.C.); (T.J.M.W.)
| | - Virginie Marchand
- UAR2008 IBSLor CNRS-INSERM, Université de Lorraine, BioPole, F54000 Nancy, France; (V.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yuri Motorin
- UAR2008 IBSLor CNRS-INSERM, Université de Lorraine, BioPole, F54000 Nancy, France; (V.M.); (Y.M.)
- UMR7365 IMoPA, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, BioPole, F54000 Nancy, France
| | - Marjolein M. J. Caron
- Laboratory of Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research School CAPHRI, Faculty of Healthy Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.C.); (M.M.J.C.); (T.J.M.W.)
| | - Mandy J. Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Tim J. M. Welting
- Laboratory of Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research School CAPHRI, Faculty of Healthy Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.C.); (M.M.J.C.); (T.J.M.W.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center +, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
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23
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Bodega-Mayor I, Delgado-Wicke P, Arrabal A, Alegría-Carrasco E, Nicolao-Gómez A, Jaén-Castaño M, Espadas C, Dopazo A, de Luis EV, Martín-Gayo E, Gaspar ML, de Andrés B, Fernández-Ruiz E. Tyrosine kinase 2 modulates splenic B cells through type I IFN and TLR7 signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:199. [PMID: 38683377 PMCID: PMC11058799 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05234-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) is involved in type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling through IFN receptor 1 (IFNAR1). This signaling pathway is crucial in the early antiviral response and remains incompletely understood on B cells. Therefore, to understand the role of TYK2 in B cells, we studied these cells under homeostatic conditions and following in vitro activation using Tyk2-deficient (Tyk2-/-) mice. Splenic B cell subpopulations were altered in Tyk2-/- compared to wild type (WT) mice. Marginal zone (MZ) cells were decreased and aged B cells (ABC) were increased, whereas follicular (FO) cells remained unchanged. Likewise, there was an imbalance in transitional B cells in juvenile Tyk2-/- mice. RNA sequencing analysis of adult MZ and FO cells isolated from Tyk2-/- and WT mice in homeostasis revealed altered expression of IFN-I and Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) signaling pathway genes. Flow cytometry assays corroborated a lower expression of TLR7 in MZ B cells from Tyk2-/- mice. Splenic B cell cultures showed reduced proliferation and differentiation responses after activation with TLR7 ligands in Tyk2-/- compared to WT mice, with a similar response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or anti-CD40 + IL-4. IgM, IgG, IL-10 and IL-6 secretion was also decreased in Tyk2-/- B cell cultures. This reduced response of the TLR7 pathway in Tyk2-/- mice was partially restored by IFNα addition. In conclusion, there is a crosstalk between TYK2 and TLR7 mediated by an IFN-I feedback loop, which contributes to the establishment of MZ B cells and to B cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bodega-Mayor
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
- Immunobiology Unit, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Delgado-Wicke
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Arrabal
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
- Immunobiology Unit, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estíbaliz Alegría-Carrasco
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Nicolao-Gómez
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Jaén-Castaño
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Espadas
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Dopazo
- Genomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Vázquez de Luis
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and IIS-Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Martín-Gayo
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and IIS-Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Gaspar
- Immunobiology Unit, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén de Andrés
- Immunobiology Unit, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Fernández-Ruiz
- Molecular Biology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Research Institute (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain.
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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24
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Ryoo HD. The integrated stress response in metabolic adaptation. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107151. [PMID: 38462161 PMCID: PMC10998230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The integrated stress response (ISR) refers to signaling pathways initiated by stress-activated eIF2α kinases. Distinct eIF2α kinases respond to different stress signals, including amino acid deprivation and mitochondrial stress. Such stress-induced eIF2α phosphorylation attenuates general mRNA translation and, at the same time, stimulates the preferential translation of specific downstream factors to orchestrate an adaptive gene expression program. In recent years, there have been significant new advances in our understanding of ISR during metabolic stress adaptation. Here, I discuss those advances, reviewing among others the ISR activation mechanisms in response to amino acid deprivation and mitochondrial stress. In addition, I review how ISR regulates the amino acid metabolic pathways and how changes in the ISR impact the physiology and pathology of various disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Don Ryoo
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
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25
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Kelly PA, McHugo GP, Scaife C, Peters S, Stevenson ML, McKay JS, MacHugh DE, Saez IL, Breathnach R. Unveiling the Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathways in Canine Demodicosis. Parasite Immunol 2024; 46:e13033. [PMID: 38607285 DOI: 10.1111/pim.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Canine demodicosis is a prevalent skin disease caused by overpopulation of a commensal species of Demodex mite, yet its precise cause remains unknown. Research suggests that T-cell exhaustion, increased immunosuppressive cytokines, induction of regulatory T cells and increased expression of immune checkpoint inhibitors may contribute to its pathogenesis. This study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the molecular changes occurring in canine demodicosis using mass spectrometry and pathway enrichment analysis. The results indicate that endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes canine demodicosis through regulation of three linked signalling pathways: eIF2, mTOR, and eIF4 and p70S6K. These pathways are involved in the modulation of Toll-like receptors, most notably TLR2, and have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of skin diseases in both dogs and humans. Moreover, these pathways are also implicated in the promotion of immunosuppressive M2 phenotype macrophages. Immunohistochemical analysis, utilising common markers of dendritic cells and macrophages, verified the presence of M2 macrophages in canine demodicosis. The proteomic analysis also identified immunological disease, organismal injury and abnormalities and inflammatory response as the most significant underlying diseases and disorders associated with canine demodicosis. This study demonstrates that Demodex mites, through ER stress, unfolded protein response and M2 macrophages contribute to an immunosuppressive microenvironment, thereby assisting in their proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A Kelly
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Gillian P McHugo
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Caitriona Scaife
- Proteomics Core, Mass Spectrometry Resource, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Susan Peters
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - M Lynn Stevenson
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, Bearsden, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - David E MacHugh
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, 4, Ireland
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Irene Lara Saez
- UCD Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Dublin, 4, Ireland
| | - Rory Breathnach
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, 4, Ireland
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26
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Yu Y, Liu S, Yang L, Song P, Liu Z, Liu X, Yan X, Dong Q. Roles of reactive oxygen species in inflammation and cancer. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e519. [PMID: 38576456 PMCID: PMC10993368 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) constitute a spectrum of oxygenic metabolites crucial in modulating pathological organism functions. Disruptions in ROS equilibrium span various diseases, and current insights suggest a dual role for ROS in tumorigenesis and the immune response within cancer. This review rigorously examines ROS production and its role in normal cells, elucidating the subsequent regulatory network in inflammation and cancer. Comprehensive synthesis details the documented impacts of ROS on diverse immune cells. Exploring the intricate relationship between ROS and cancer immunity, we highlight its influence on existing immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint blockade, chimeric antigen receptors, and cancer vaccines. Additionally, we underscore the promising prospects of utilizing ROS and targeting ROS modulators as novel immunotherapeutic interventions for cancer. This review discusses the complex interplay between ROS, inflammation, and tumorigenesis, emphasizing the multifaceted functions of ROS in both physiological and pathological conditions. It also underscores the potential implications of ROS in cancer immunotherapy and suggests future research directions, including the development of targeted therapies and precision oncology approaches. In summary, this review emphasizes the significance of understanding ROS-mediated mechanisms for advancing cancer therapy and developing personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Yu
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shengzhuo Liu
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Luchen Yang
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Pan Song
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhenghuan Liu
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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27
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Tang H, Kang R, Liu J, Tang D. ATF4 in cellular stress, ferroptosis, and cancer. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:1025-1041. [PMID: 38383612 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), a member of the ATF/cAMP response element-binding (CREB) family, plays a critical role as a stress-induced transcription factor. It orchestrates cellular responses, particularly in the management of endoplasmic reticulum stress, amino acid deprivation, and oxidative challenges. ATF4's primary function lies in regulating gene expression to ensure cell survival during stressful conditions. However, when considering its involvement in ferroptosis, characterized by severe lipid peroxidation and pronounced endoplasmic reticulum stress, the ATF4 pathway can either inhibit or promote ferroptosis. This intricate relationship underscores the complexity of cellular responses to varying stress levels. Understanding the connections between ATF4, ferroptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress holds promise for innovative cancer therapies, especially in addressing apoptosis-resistant cells. In this review, we provide an overview of ATF4, including its structure, modifications, and functions, and delve into its dual role in both ferroptosis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Tang
- DAMP Laboratory, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jiao Liu
- DAMP Laboratory, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, China.
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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28
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Lawrence RE, Shoemaker SR, Deal A, Sangwan S, Anand AA, Wang L, Marqusee S, Walter P. A helical fulcrum in eIF2B coordinates allosteric regulation of stress signaling. Nat Chem Biol 2024; 20:422-431. [PMID: 37945896 PMCID: PMC10972756 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01453-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The integrated stress response (ISR) enables cells to survive a variety of acute stresses, but chronic activation of the ISR underlies age-related diseases. ISR signaling downregulates translation and activates expression of stress-responsive factors that promote return to homeostasis and is initiated by inhibition of the decameric guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B. Conformational and assembly transitions regulate eIF2B activity, but the allosteric mechanisms controlling these dynamic transitions and mediating the therapeutic effects of the small-molecule ISR inhibitor ISRIB are unknown. Using hydrogen-deuterium exchange-mass spectrometry and cryo-electron microscopy, we identified a central α-helix whose orientation allosterically coordinates eIF2B conformation and assembly. Biochemical and cellular signaling assays show that this 'switch-helix' controls eIF2B activity and signaling. In sum, the switch-helix acts as a fulcrum of eIF2B conformational regulation and is a highly conserved actuator of ISR signal transduction. This work uncovers a conserved allosteric mechanism and unlocks new therapeutic possibilities for ISR-linked diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie E Lawrence
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Sophie R Shoemaker
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Aniliese Deal
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Altos Laboratories, Bay Area Institute of Science, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Smriti Sangwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aditya A Anand
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Susan Marqusee
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Peter Walter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Altos Laboratories, Bay Area Institute of Science, Redwood City, CA, USA.
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29
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Brito Querido J, Díaz-López I, Ramakrishnan V. The molecular basis of translation initiation and its regulation in eukaryotes. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:168-186. [PMID: 38052923 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00624-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of gene expression is fundamental for life. Whereas the role of transcriptional regulation of gene expression has been studied for several decades, it has been clear over the past two decades that post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, of which translation regulation is a major part, can be equally important. Translation can be divided into four main stages: initiation, elongation, termination and ribosome recycling. Translation is controlled mainly during its initiation, a process which culminates in a ribosome positioned with an initiator tRNA over the start codon and, thus, ready to begin elongation of the protein chain. mRNA translation has emerged as a powerful tool for the development of innovative therapies, yet the detailed mechanisms underlying the complex process of initiation remain unclear. Recent studies in yeast and mammals have started to shed light on some previously unclear aspects of this process. In this Review, we discuss the current state of knowledge on eukaryotic translation initiation and its regulation in health and disease. Specifically, we focus on recent advances in understanding the processes involved in assembling the 43S pre-initiation complex and its recruitment by the cap-binding complex eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) at the 5' end of mRNA. In addition, we discuss recent insights into ribosome scanning along the 5' untranslated region of mRNA and selection of the start codon, which culminates in joining of the 60S large subunit and formation of the 80S initiation complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jailson Brito Querido
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Irene Díaz-López
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - V Ramakrishnan
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
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30
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Wang SF, Chang YL, Liu TY, Huang KH, Fang WL, Li AFY, Yeh TS, Hung GY, Lee HC. Mitochondrial dysfunction decreases cisplatin sensitivity in gastric cancer cells through upregulation of integrated stress response and mitokine GDF15. FEBS J 2024; 291:1131-1150. [PMID: 37935441 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Gastric neoplasm is a high-mortality cancer worldwide. Chemoresistance is the obstacle against gastric cancer treatment. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed to promote malignant progression. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The mitokine growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a significant biomarker for mitochondrial disorder and is activated by the integrated stress response (ISR) pathway. The serum level of GDF15 was found to be correlated with the poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients. In this study, we found that high GDF15 protein expression might increase disease recurrence in adjuvant chemotherapy-treated gastric cancer patients. Moreover, treatment with mitochondrial inhibitors, especially oligomycin (a complex V inhibitor) and salubrinal (an ISR activator), respectively, was found to upregulate GDF15 and enhance cisplatin insensitivity of human gastric cancer cells. Mechanistically, it was found that the activating transcription factor 4-C/EBP homologous protein pathway has a crucial function in the heightened manifestation of GDF15. In addition, reactive oxygen species-activated general control nonderepressible 2 mediates the oligomycin-induced ISR, and upregulates GDF15. The GDF15-glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor a-like-ISR-cystine/glutamate transporter-enhanced glutathione production was found to be involved in cisplatin resistance. These results suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction might enhance cisplatin insensitivity through GDF15 upregulation, and targeting mitokine GDF15-ISR regulation might be a strategy against cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Fan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Lih Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Liu
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hung Huang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Gastric Cancer Medical Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Liang Fang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Gastric Cancer Medical Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Anna Fen-Yau Li
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Shun Yeh
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Giun-Yi Hung
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chen Lee
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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31
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Tidu A, Martin F. The interplay between cis- and trans-acting factors drives selective mRNA translation initiation in eukaryotes. Biochimie 2024; 217:20-30. [PMID: 37741547 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Translation initiation consists in the assembly of the small and large ribosomal subunits on the start codon. This important step directly modulates the general proteome in living cells. Recently, genome wide studies revealed unexpected translation initiation events from unsuspected novel open reading frames resulting in the synthesis of a so-called 'dark proteome'. Indeed, the identification of the start codon by the translation machinery is a critical step that defines the translational landscape of the cell. Therefore, translation initiation is a highly regulated process in all organisms. In this review, we focus on the various cis- and trans-acting factors that rule the regulation of translation initiation in eukaryotes. Recent discoveries have shown that the guidance of the translation machinery for the choice of the start codon require sophisticated molecular mechanisms. In particular, the 5'UTR and the coding sequences contain cis-acting elements that trigger the use of AUG codons but also non-AUG codons to initiate protein synthesis. The use of these alternative start codons is also largely influenced by numerous trans-acting elements that drive selective mRNA translation in response to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonin Tidu
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, CNRS UPR9002, 2, allée Konrad Roentgen, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Franck Martin
- Université de Strasbourg, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, CNRS UPR9002, 2, allée Konrad Roentgen, F-67084 Strasbourg, France.
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32
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Kalinin A, Zubkova E, Menshikov M. Integrated Stress Response (ISR) Pathway: Unraveling Its Role in Cellular Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17423. [PMID: 38139251 PMCID: PMC10743681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a complex process characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest. Senescent cells accumulate with age, promoting disease development, yet the absence of specific markers hampers the development of selective anti-senescence drugs. The integrated stress response (ISR), an evolutionarily highly conserved signaling network activated in response to stress, globally downregulates protein translation while initiating the translation of specific protein sets including transcription factors. We propose that ISR signaling plays a central role in controlling senescence, given that senescence is considered a form of cellular stress. Exploring the intricate relationship between the ISR pathway and cellular senescence, we emphasize its potential as a regulatory mechanism in senescence and cellular metabolism. The ISR emerges as a master regulator of cellular metabolism during stress, activating autophagy and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response, crucial for maintaining mitochondrial quality and efficiency. Our review comprehensively examines ISR molecular mechanisms, focusing on ATF4-interacting partners, ISR modulators, and their impact on senescence-related conditions. By shedding light on the intricate relationship between ISR and cellular senescence, we aim to inspire future research directions and advance the development of targeted anti-senescence therapies based on ISR modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kalinin
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.Z.)
- Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Zubkova
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.Z.)
| | - Mikhail Menshikov
- National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.Z.)
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33
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Huertas-Abril PV, Jurado J, Prieto-Álamo MJ, García-Barrera T, Abril N. Proteomic analysis of the hepatic response to a pollutant mixture in mice. The protective action of selenium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166558. [PMID: 37633382 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Metals and pharmaceuticals contaminate water and food worldwide, forming mixtures where they can interact to enhance their individual toxicity. Here we use a shotgun proteomic approach to evaluate the toxicity of a pollutant mixture (PM) of metals (As, Cd, Hg) and pharmaceuticals (diclofenac, flumequine) on mice liver proteostasis. These pollutants are abundant in the environment, accumulate in the food chain, and are toxic to humans primarily through oxidative damage. Thus, we also evaluated the putative antagonistic effect of low-dose dietary supplementation with the antioxidant trace element selenium. A total of 275 proteins were affected by PM treatment. Functional analyses revealed an increased abundance of proteins involved in the integrated stress response that promotes translation, the inflammatory response, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and the sustained expression of the antioxidative response mediated by NRF2. As a consequence, a reductive stress situation arises in the cell that inhibits the RICTOR pathway, thus activating the early stage of autophagy, impairing xenobiotic metabolism, and potentiating lipid biosynthesis and steatosis. PM exposure-induced hepato-proteostatic alterations were significantly reduced in Se supplemented mice, suggesting that the use of this trace element as a dietary supplement may at least partially ameliorate liver damage caused by exposure to environmental mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula V Huertas-Abril
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan Jurado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - María-José Prieto-Álamo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Tamara García-Barrera
- Research Center of Natural Resources, Health, and the Environment (RENSMA), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Campus El Carmen, University of Huelva, Fuerzas Armadas Ave., 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Nieves Abril
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
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Boone M, Zappa F. Signaling plasticity in the integrated stress response. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1271141. [PMID: 38143923 PMCID: PMC10740175 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1271141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Integrated Stress Response (ISR) is an essential homeostatic signaling network that controls the cell's biosynthetic capacity. Four ISR sensor kinases detect multiple stressors and relay this information to downstream effectors by phosphorylating a common node: the alpha subunit of the eukaryotic initiation factor eIF2. As a result, general protein synthesis is repressed while select transcripts are preferentially translated, thus remodeling the proteome and transcriptome. Mounting evidence supports a view of the ISR as a dynamic signaling network with multiple modulators and feedback regulatory features that vary across cell and tissue types. Here, we discuss updated views on ISR sensor kinase mechanisms, how the subcellular localization of ISR components impacts signaling, and highlight ISR signaling differences across cells and tissues. Finally, we consider crosstalk between the ISR and other signaling pathways as a determinant of cell health.
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35
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Helmold BR, Pauss KE, Ozdinler PH. TDP-43 protein interactome informs about perturbed canonical pathways and may help develop personalized medicine approaches for patients with TDP-43 pathology. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103769. [PMID: 37714405 PMCID: PMC10872580 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Transactive response DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) pathology is a common proteinopathy observed among a broad spectrum of patients with neurodegenerative disease, regardless of the mutation. This suggests that protein-protein interactions of TDP-43 with other proteins may in part be responsible for the pathology. To gain better insights, we investigated TDP-43-binding proteins in each domain and correlated these interactions with canonical pathways. These investigations revealed key cellular events that are involved and are important at each domain and suggested previously identified compounds to modulate key aspects of these canonical pathways. Our approach proposes that personalized medicine approaches, which focus on perturbed cellular mechanisms would be feasible in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Helmold
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Kate E Pauss
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - P Hande Ozdinler
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60611, USA; Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Feinberg School of Medicine, Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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36
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Ke F, Zhang QY. Advances on genomes studies of large DNA viruses in aquaculture: A minireview. Genomics 2023; 115:110720. [PMID: 37757975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Genomic studies of viral diseases in aquaculture have received more and more attention with the growth of the aquaculture industry, especially the emerging and re-emerging viruses whose genome could contain recombination, mutation, insertion, and so on, and may lead to more severe diseases and more widespread infections in aquaculture animals. The present review is focused on aquaculture viruses, which is belonged to two clades, Varidnaviria and Duplodnaviria, and one class Naldaviricetes, and respectively three families: Iridoviridae (ranaviruses), Alloherpesviridae (fish herpesviruses), and Nimaviridae (whispoviruses). The viruses possessed DNA genomes nearly or larger than 100 kbp with gene numbers more than 100 and were considered large DNA viruses. Genome analysis and experimental investigation have identified several genes involved in genome replication, transcription, and virus-host interactions. In addition, some genes involved in virus genetic variation or specificity were also discussed. A summary of these advances would provide reference to future discovery and research on emerging or re-emerging aquaculture viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ke
- Institute of Hydrobiology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qi-Ya Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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37
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Alexander ET, Fahey E, Phanstiel O, Gilmour SK. Loss of Anti-Tumor Efficacy by Polyamine Blocking Therapy in GCN2 Null Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2703. [PMID: 37893077 PMCID: PMC10604246 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
GCN2 is one of the main sensors of amino acid starvation stress, and its activation in the stressful tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in tumor survival and progression. We hypothesized that elevated polyamine biosynthesis and subsequent depletion of precursor arginine activates GCN2, thus rewiring metabolism to support tumor cell survival and drive myeloid immunosuppressive function. We sought to determine if the anti-tumor efficacy of a polyamine blocking therapy (PBT) may be mediated by its effect on GCN2. Unlike wild-type mice, PBT treatment in GCN2 knockout mice bearing syngeneic B16.F10 or EG7 tumors resulted in no tumor growth inhibition and no changes in the profile of infiltrating tumor immune cells. Studies with murine bone marrow cell cultures showed that increased polyamine metabolism and subsequent arginine depletion and GCN2 activation played an essential role in the generation and cytoprotective autophagy of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) as well as the M2 polarization and survival of macrophages, all of which were inhibited by PBT. In all, our data suggest that polyamine-dependent GCN2 signaling in stromal cells promotes tumor growth and the development of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and that the PBT anti-tumor effect is mediated, at least in part, by targeting GCN2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T. Alexander
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA 19096, USA; (E.T.A.)
| | - Erin Fahey
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA 19096, USA; (E.T.A.)
| | - Otto Phanstiel
- Department of Medical Education, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Biomolecular Research Annex, 12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, FL 32826, USA;
| | - Susan K. Gilmour
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA 19096, USA; (E.T.A.)
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38
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Cunningham J, Sfakianos AP, Kritsiligkou P, Kershaw C, Whitmarsh A, Hubbard S, Ashe M, Grant C. Paralogous translation factors target distinct mRNAs to differentially regulate tolerance to oxidative stress in yeast. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:8820-8835. [PMID: 37449412 PMCID: PMC10484682 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Translation initiation factor 4G (eIF4G) is an integral component of the eIF4F complex which is key to translation initiation for most eukaryotic mRNAs. Many eIF4G isoforms have been described in diverse eukaryotic organisms but we currently have a poor understanding of their functional roles and whether they regulate translation in an mRNA specific manner. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae expresses two eIF4G isoforms, eIF4G1 and eIF4G2, that have previously been considered as functionally redundant with any phenotypic differences arising due to alteration in eIF4G expression levels. Using homogenic strains that express eIF4G1 or eIF4G2 as the sole eIF4G isoforms at comparable expression levels to total eIF4G, we show that eIF4G1 is specifically required to mediate the translational response to oxidative stress. eIF4G1 binds the mRNA cap and remains associated with actively translating ribosomes during oxidative stress conditions and we use quantitative proteomics to show that eIF4G1 promotes oxidative stress-specific proteome changes. eIF4G1, but not eIF4G2, binds the Slf1 LARP protein which appears to mediate the eIF4G1-dependent translational response to oxidative stress. We show similar isoform specific roles for eIF4G in human cells suggesting convergent evolution of multiple eIF4G isoforms offers significant advantages especially where translation must continue under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Cunningham
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Aristeidis P Sfakianos
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Paraskevi Kritsiligkou
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Christopher J Kershaw
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Alan J Whitmarsh
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Simon J Hubbard
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Mark P Ashe
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Chris M Grant
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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39
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Jung DM, Kim KK, Kim EM. Chloromethylisothiazolinone induces ER stress-induced stress granule formation in human keratinocytes. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2023; 27:171-179. [PMID: 37636324 PMCID: PMC10448836 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2023.2250852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chloromethylisothiazolinone (CMIT), a humidifier disinfectant, is known to be toxic to the respiratory system. While the toxic effect of CMIT on the lungs has been widely investigated, its effect on the skin is well unknown. In this study, we examined stress granule (SG) formation to investigate the cytotoxic effects of CMIT on human keratinocytes. We assessed the viability of the cells following CMIT exposure and performed immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblot analyses to determine SG formation and downstream pathways. The IC50 values in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells after CMIT exposure for 1 and 24 h were 11 and 8 μg/mL, respectively, showing no significant difference. As determined using immunofluorescence microscopy, SG formation was effectively induced after CMIT exposure. Moreover, the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α), a translation initiation factor, and protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum (ER) kinase, which plays a role in the ER stress-mediated eIF2α phosphorylation, was confirmed by CMIT exposure. These results suggest that exposure to CMIT can have detrimental effects on the skin, even briefly, by inducing SG formation through ER stress in keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Min Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K. Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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40
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Batjargal T, Zappa F, Grant RJ, Piscopio RA, Chialastri A, Dey SS, Acosta-Alvear D, Wilson MZ. Optogenetic control of the integrated stress response reveals proportional encoding and the stress memory landscape. Cell Syst 2023; 14:551-562.e5. [PMID: 37473728 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The integrated stress response (ISR) is a conserved signaling network that detects aberrations and computes cellular responses. Dissecting these computations has been difficult because physical and chemical inducers of stress activate multiple parallel pathways. To overcome this challenge, we engineered a photo-switchable control over the ISR sensor kinase PKR (opto-PKR), enabling virtual, on-target activation. Using light to control opto-PKR dynamics, we traced information flow through the transcriptome and for key downstream ISR effectors. Our analyses revealed a biphasic, proportional transcriptional response with two dynamic modes, transient and gradual, that correspond to adaptive and terminal outcomes. We then constructed an ordinary differential equation (ODE) model of the ISR, which demonstrated the dependence of future stress responses on past stress. Finally, we tested our model using high-throughput light-delivery to map the stress memory landscape. Our results demonstrate that cells encode information in stress levels, durations, and the timing between encounters. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taivan Batjargal
- Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Francesca Zappa
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Ryan J Grant
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Piscopio
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Alex Chialastri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Siddharth S Dey
- Center for BioEngineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Diego Acosta-Alvear
- Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
| | - Maxwell Z Wilson
- Center for BioEngineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA; Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA; Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
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41
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Zhao N, Li N, Wang T. PERK prevents rhodopsin degradation during retinitis pigmentosa by inhibiting IRE1-induced autophagy. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202208147. [PMID: 37022709 PMCID: PMC10082367 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202208147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is the underlying cause of many degenerative diseases, including autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP). In adRP, mutant rhodopsins accumulate and cause ER stress. This destabilizes wild-type rhodopsin and triggers photoreceptor cell degeneration. To reveal the mechanisms by which these mutant rhodopsins exert their dominant-negative effects, we established an in vivo fluorescence reporter system to monitor mutant and wild-type rhodopsin in Drosophila. By performing a genome-wide genetic screen, we found that PERK signaling plays a key role in maintaining rhodopsin homeostasis by attenuating IRE1 activities. Degradation of wild-type rhodopsin is mediated by selective autophagy of ER, which is induced by uncontrolled IRE1/XBP1 signaling and insufficient proteasome activities. Moreover, upregulation of PERK signaling prevents autophagy and suppresses retinal degeneration in the adRP model. These findings establish a pathological role for autophagy in this neurodegenerative condition and indicate that promoting PERK activity could be used to treat ER stress-related neuropathies, including adRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
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42
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Gupta M, Walters B, Katsara O, Granados Blanco K, Geter P, Schneider R. eIF2Bδ blocks the integrated stress response and maintains eIF2B activity and cancer metastasis by overexpression in breast cancer stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2207898120. [PMID: 37014850 PMCID: PMC10104532 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2207898120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) metastasis involves cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their regulation by micro-RNAs (miRs), but miR targeting of the translation machinery in CSCs is poorly explored. We therefore screened miR expression levels in a range of BC cell lines, comparing non-CSCs to CSCs, and focused on miRs that target translation and protein synthesis factors. We describe a unique translation regulatory axis enacted by reduced expression of miR-183 in breast CSCs, which we show targets the eIF2Bδ subunit of guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B, a regulator of protein synthesis and the integrated stress response (ISR) pathway. We report that reduced expression of miR-183 greatly increases eIF2Bδ protein levels, preventing strong induction of the ISR and eIF2α phosphorylation, by preferential interaction with P-eIF2α. eIF2Bδ overexpression is essential for BC cell invasion, metastasis, maintenance of metastases, and breast CSC expansion in animal models. Increased expression of eIF2Bδ, a site of action of the drug ISRIB that also prevents ISR signaling, is essential for breast CSC maintenance and metastatic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malavika Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Beth A. Walters
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Olga Katsara
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Karol Granados Blanco
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Phillip A. Geter
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
| | - Robert J. Schneider
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
- New York University Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016
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Neill G, Masson GR. A stay of execution: ATF4 regulation and potential outcomes for the integrated stress response. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1112253. [PMID: 36825279 PMCID: PMC9941348 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1112253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
ATF4 is a cellular stress induced bZIP transcription factor that is a hallmark effector of the integrated stress response. The integrated stress response is triggered by phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 complex that can be carried out by the cellular stress responsive kinases; GCN2, PERK, PKR, and HRI. eIF2α phosphorylation downregulates mRNA translation initiation en masse, however ATF4 translation is upregulated. The integrated stress response can output two contradicting outcomes in cells; pro-survival or apoptosis. The mechanism for choice between these outcomes is unknown, however combinations of ATF4 heterodimerisation partners and post-translational modifications have been linked to this regulation. This semi-systematic review article covers ATF4 target genes, heterodimerisation partners and post-translational modifications. Together, this review aims to be a useful resource to elucidate the mechanisms controlling the effects of the integrated stress response. Additional putative roles of the ATF4 protein in cell division and synaptic plasticity are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Neill
- Division of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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Nikonov OS, Nikonova EY, Tarabarova AG, Mikhaylina AO, Kravchenko OV, Nevskaya NA, Nikonov SV. Recognition of γ-Subunit by β-Subunit in Translation Initiation Factor 2. Stabilization of the GTP-Bound State of I/F 2 in Archaea and Eukaryotes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:221-230. [PMID: 37072332 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923020062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic and archaeal translation initiation factor 2 (e/aIF2) functions as a heterotrimeric complex. It consists of three subunits (α, β, γ). α- and β-subunits are bound to γ-subunit by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions, but do not contact each other. Although main functions of the factor are performed by the γ-subunit, reliable formation of αγ and βγ complexes is necessary for its proper functioning. In this work, we introduced mutations in the recognition part of the βγ interface and showed that hydrophobic effect plays a crucial role in the recognition of subunits both in eukaryotes and archaea. Shape and properties of the groove on the surface of γ-subunit facilitates transition of the disordered recognition part of the β-subunit into an α-helix containing approximately the same number of residues in archaea and eukaryotes. In addition, based on the newly obtained data, it was concluded that in archaea and eukaryotes, transition of the γ-subunit to the active state leads to additional contact between the region of switch 1 and C-terminal part of the β-subunit, which stabilizes helical conformation of the switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg S Nikonov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina Yu Nikonova
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Anastasiia G Tarabarova
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Alisa O Mikhaylina
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Olesya V Kravchenko
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Natalia A Nevskaya
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Stanislav V Nikonov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
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Stevens SA, Gonzalez Aguiar MK, Toro AL, Yerlikaya EI, Sunilkumar S, VanCleave AM, Pfleger J, Bradley EA, Kimball SR, Dennis MD. PERK/ATF4-dependent expression of the stress response protein REDD1 promotes proinflammatory cytokine expression in the heart of obese mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 324:E62-E72. [PMID: 36383638 PMCID: PMC9870577 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00238.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation are hallmarks of myocardial impairment. Here, we investigated the role of the stress response protein regulated in development and DNA damage 1 (REDD1) as a molecular link between ER stress and inflammation in cardiomyocytes. In mice fed a high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS, 42% kcal fat, 34% sucrose by weight) diet for 12 wk, REDD1 expression in the heart was increased in coordination with markers of ER stress and inflammation. In human AC16 cardiomyocytes exposed to either hyperglycemic conditions or the saturated fatty acid palmitate, REDD1 expression was increased coincident with ER stress and upregulated expression of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα. In cardiomyocytes exposed to hyperglycemic/hyperlipidemic conditions, pharmacological inhibition of the ER kinase protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) or knockdown of the transcription factor ATF4 prevented the increase in REDD1 expression. REDD1 deletion reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression in both cardiomyocytes exposed to hyperglycemic/hyperlipidemic conditions and in the hearts of obese mice. Overall, the findings support a model wherein HFHS diet contributes to the development of inflammation in cardiomyocytes by promoting REDD1 expression via activation of a PERK/ATF4 signaling axis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Interplay between endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation contributes to cardiovascular disease progression. The studies here identify the stress response protein known as REDD1 as a missing molecular link that connects the development of endoplasmic reticulum stress with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines in the hearts of obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaunaci A Stevens
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Maria K Gonzalez Aguiar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Allyson L Toro
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Esma I Yerlikaya
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Siddharth Sunilkumar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Ashley M VanCleave
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Jessica Pfleger
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, Virginia
| | - Elisa A Bradley
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Penn State Health Heart and Vascular Institute, Hershey S. Milton Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Scot R Kimball
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael D Dennis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Aloise C, Schipper JG, de Groot RJ, van Kuppeveld FJM. Move and countermove: the integrated stress response in picorna- and coronavirus-infected cells. Curr Opin Immunol 2022; 79:102254. [PMID: 36274340 PMCID: PMC9515345 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Viruses, when entering their host cells, are met by a fierce intracellular immune defense. One prominent antiviral pathway is the integrated stress response (ISR). Upon activation of the ISR - typically though not exclusively upon detection of dsRNA - translation-initiation factor eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) becomes phosphorylated to act as an inhibitor of guanine nucleotide-exchange factor eIF2B. Thus, with the production of ternary complex blocked, a global translational arrest ensues. Successful virus replication hinges on effective countermeasures. Here, we review ISR antagonists and antagonistic mechanisms employed by picorna- and coronaviruses. Special attention will be given to a recently discovered class of viral antagonists that inhibit the ISR by targeting eIF2B, thereby allowing unabated translation initiation even at exceedingly high levels of phosphorylated eIF2.
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The inhibition of protein translation promotes tumor angiogenic switch. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2022; 3:18. [PMID: 35695994 PMCID: PMC9192909 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-022-00081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The ‘angiogenic switch’ is critical for tumor progression. However, the pathological details and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. In this study, we established mammal xenografts in zebrafish to visually investigate the first vessel growth (angiogenic switch) in real-time, by inoculating tumor cells into the perivitelline space of live optically transparent Transgenic (flk1:EGFP) zebrafish larvae. Using this model, we found that hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling were unnecessary for the angiogenic switch, whereas vascular endothelial growth factor A gene (Vegfa) played a crucial role. Mechanistically, transcriptome analysis showed that the angiogenic switch was characterized by inhibition of translation, but not hypoxia. Phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (Eif2α) and the expression of Vegfa were increased in the angiogenic switch microtumors, and 3D tumor spheroids, and puromycin-treated tumor cells. Vegfa overexpression promoted early onset of the angiogenic switch, whereas Vegfa knockout prevented the first tumor vessel from sprouting. Pretreatment of tumor cells with puromycin promoted the angiogenic switch in vivo similarly to Vegfa overexpression, whereas Vegfa knockdown suppressed the increase. This study provides direc and dynamic in vivo evidences that inhibition of translation, but not hypoxia or HIF signaling promotes the angiogenic switch in tumor by increasing Vegfa transcription.
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48
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Huang C, Zhao Q, Zhou X, Huang R, Duan Y, Haybaeck J, Yang Z. The progress of protein synthesis factors eIFs, eEFs and eRFs in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer pathogenesis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:898966. [PMID: 36387239 PMCID: PMC9659945 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.898966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Colorectal diseases are threatening human health, especially inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). IBD is a group of chronic, recurrent and incurable disease, which may affect the entire gastrointestinal tract, increasing the risk of CRC. Eukaryotic gene expression is a complicated process, which is mainly regulated at the level of gene transcription and mRNA translation. Protein translation in tissue is associated with a sequence of steps, including initiation, elongation, termination and recycling. Abnormal regulation of gene expression is the key to the pathogenesis of CRC. In the early stages of cancer, it is vital to identify new diagnostic and therapeutic targets and biomarkers. This review presented current knowledge on aberrant expression of eIFs, eEFs and eRFs in colorectal diseases. The current findings of protein synthesis on colorectal pathogenesis showed that eIFs, eEFs and eRFs may be potential targets for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conggai Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical College of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ran Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi Duan
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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49
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Li Z, Chen Y, Yao X, Liu Q, Zhu H, Zhang Y, Feng J, Gao H. The Integrated Stress Response Is Tumorigenic and Constitutes a Therapeutic Liability in Somatotroph Adenomas. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113067. [PMID: 36361871 PMCID: PMC9653568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatotroph adenomas are the leading cause of acromegaly, with the nearly sparsely granulated somatotroph subtype belonging to high-risk adenomas, and they are less responsive to medical treatment. The integrated stress response (ISR) is an essential stress-support pathway increasingly recognized as a determinant of tumorigenesis. In this study, we identified the characteristic profiling of the integrated stress response in translocation and translation initiation factor activity in somatotroph adenomas, normal pituitary, or other adenoma subtypes through proteomics. Immunohistochemistry exhibited the differential significance and the priority of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2β (EIF2β) in somatotroph adenomas compared with gonadotroph and corticotroph adenomas. Differentially expressed genes based on the level of EIF2β in somatotroph adenomas were revealed. MetaSape pathways showed that EIF2β was involved in regulating growth and cell activation, immune system, and extracellular matrix organization processes. The correlation analysis showed Spearman correlation coefficients of r = 0.611 (p < 0.001) for EIF2β and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 1 (HRI), r = 0.765 (p < 0.001) for eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2 (PKR), r = 0.813 (p < 0.001) for eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (PERK), r = 0.728 (p < 0.001) for GCN2, and r = 0.732 (p < 0.001) for signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Furthermore, the invasive potential in patients with a high EIF2β was greater than that in patients with a low EIF2β (7/10 vs. 4/18, p = 0.038), with a lower immune-cell infiltration probability (p < 0.05). The ESTIMATE algorithm showed that the levels of activation of the EIF2 pathway were negatively correlated with the immune score in somatotroph adenomas (p < 0.001). In in vitro experiments, the knockdown of EIF2β changed the phenotype of somatotroph adenomas, including cell proliferation, migration, and the secretion ability of growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1. In this study, we demonstrate that the ISR is pivotal in somatotroph adenomas and provide a rationale for implementing ISR-based regimens in future treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenye Li
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yiyuan Chen
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Xiaohui Yao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- Correspondence: (J.F.); (H.G.)
| | - Hua Gao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing 100070, China
- Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury Research, Beijing 100070, China
- Correspondence: (J.F.); (H.G.)
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50
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Liu S, Qiao X, Wu S, Gai Y, Su Y, Edwards H, Wang Y, Lin H, Taub JW, Wang G, Ge Y. c-Myc plays a critical role in the antileukemic activity of the Mcl-1-selective inhibitor AZD5991 in acute myeloid leukemia. Apoptosis 2022; 27:913-928. [PMID: 35943677 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01756-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive disease with a low 5-year overall survival rate of 29.5%. Thus, more effective therapies are in need to prolong survival of AML patients. Mcl-1 is overexpressed in AML and is associated with poor prognosis, representing a promising therapeutic target. The oncoprotein c-Myc is also overexpressed in AML and is a significant prognostic factor. In addition, Mcl-1 is required for c-Myc induced AML, indicating that c-Myc-driven AML harbors a Mcl-1 dependency and co-targeting of Mcl-1 and c-Myc represents a promising strategy to eradicate AML. In this study, we investigated the role of c-Myc in the antileukemic activity of Mcl-1 selective inhibitor AZD5991 and the antileukemic activity of co-targeting of Mcl-1 and c-Myc in preclinical models of AML. We found that c-Myc protein levels negatively correlated with AZD5991 EC50s in AML cell lines and primary patient samples. AZD5991 combined with inhibition of c-Myc synergistically induced apoptosis in AML cell lines and primary patient samples, and cooperatively targeted leukemia progenitor cells. AML cells with acquired resistance to AZD5991 were resensitized to AZD5991 when c-Myc was inhibited. The combination also showed promising and synergistic antileukemic activity in vitro against AML cell lines with acquired resistance to the main chemotherapeutic drug AraC and primary AML cells derived from a patient at relapse post chemotherapy. The oncoprotein c-Myc represents a potential biomarker of AZD5991 sensitivity and inhibition of c-Myc synergistically enhances the antileukemic activity of AZD5991 against AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Xinan Qiao
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuqinq Gai
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Yongwei Su
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 421 E. Canfield, 48201, Detroit, MI, USA.,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Holly Edwards
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 421 E. Canfield, 48201, Detroit, MI, USA.,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jeffrey W Taub
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA.,Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Guan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China.
| | - Yubin Ge
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 421 E. Canfield, 48201, Detroit, MI, USA. .,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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