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Na PJ, Deak JD, Kranzler HR, Pietrzak RH, Gelernter J. Genetic and non-genetic predictors of risk for opioid dependence. Psychol Med 2024; 54:1779-1786. [PMID: 38317430 PMCID: PMC11132928 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723003732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elucidation of the interaction of biological and psychosocial/environmental factors on opioid dependence (OD) risk can inform our understanding of the etiology of OD. We examined the role of psychosocial/environmental factors in moderating polygenic risk for opioid use disorder (OUD). METHODS Data from 1958 European ancestry adults who participated in the Yale-Penn 3 study were analyzed. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) were based on a large-scale multi-trait analysis of genome-wide association studies (MTAG) of OUD. RESULTS A total of 420 (21.1%) individuals had a lifetime diagnosis of OD. OUD PRS were positively associated with OD (odds ratio [OR] 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-1.66). Household income and education were the strongest correlates of OD. Among individuals with higher OUD PRS, those with higher education level had lower odds of OD (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.85-0.98); and those with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were more likely to have OD relative to those without PTSD (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.04-2.35). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest an interplay between genetics and psychosocial environment in contributing to OD risk. While PRS alone do not yet have useful clinical predictive utility, psychosocial factors may help enhance prediction. These findings could inform more targeted clinical and policy interventions to help address this public health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Na
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joseph D. Deak
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Integrated Service Network 4, Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert H. Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Vilar-Ribó L, Cabana-Domínguez J, Alemany S, Llonga N, Arribas L, Grau-López L, Daigre C, Cormand B, Fernàndez-Castillo N, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Soler Artigas M, Ribasés M. Disentangling heterogeneity in substance use disorder: Insights from genome-wide polygenic scores. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:221. [PMID: 38811559 PMCID: PMC11137038 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02923-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Substance use disorder (SUD) is a global health problem with a significant impact on individuals and society. The presentation of SUD is diverse, involving various substances, ages at onset, comorbid conditions, and disease trajectories. Current treatments for SUD struggle to address this heterogeneity, resulting in high relapse rates. SUD often co-occurs with other psychiatric and mental health-related conditions that contribute to the heterogeneity of the disorder and predispose to adverse disease trajectories. Family and genetic studies highlight the role of genetic and environmental factors in the course of SUD, and point to a shared genetic liability between SUDs and comorbid psychopathology. In this study, we aimed to disentangle SUD heterogeneity using a deeply phenotyped SUD cohort and polygenic scores (PGSs) for psychiatric disorders and related traits. We explored associations between PGSs and various SUD-related phenotypes, as well as PGS-environment interactions using information on lifetime emotional, physical, and/or sexual abuse. Our results identify clusters of individuals who exhibit differences in their phenotypic profile and reveal different patterns of associations between SUD-related phenotypes and the genetic liability for mental health-related traits, which may help explain part of the heterogeneity observed in SUD. In our SUD sample, we found associations linking the genetic liability for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with lower educational attainment, the genetic liability for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with higher rates of unemployment, the genetic liability for educational attainment with lower rates of criminal records and unemployment, and the genetic liability for well-being with lower rates of outpatient treatments and fewer problems related to family and social relationships. We also found evidence of PGS-environment interactions showing that genetic liability for suicide attempts worsened the psychiatric status in SUD individuals with a history of emotional physical and/or sexual abuse. Collectively, these data contribute to a better understanding of the role of genetic liability for mental health-related conditions and adverse life experiences in SUD heterogeneity.
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Grants
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III: CP22/00128 Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities: IJC2018-035346-I
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III: FI18/00285
- Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities: RYC2021-031324-I Network Center for Biomedical Research (CIBER)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III: CP22/00026
- Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities: PID2021-1277760B-I100
- Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities: PID2021-1277760B-I100 Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality:PNSD-2020I042
- Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR, 2017SGR-1461, 2021SGR-00840 and 2021-SGR-01093)., European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), the European Union H2020 Programme (H2020/2014-2020) under grant agreements no. 848228 (DISCOvERIE) and no. 2020604 (TIMESPAN), the ECNP Network ‘ADHD across the Lifespan’,“La Marató de TV3” (202228-30 and 202228-31) and ICREA Academia 2021
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vilar-Ribó
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Judit Cabana-Domínguez
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Alemany
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Llonga
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lorena Arribas
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lara Grau-López
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Constanza Daigre
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bru Cormand
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Addiction and Dual Diagnosis Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Soler Artigas
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Marta Ribasés
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Jennings MV, Martínez-Magaña JJ, Courchesne-Krak NS, Cupertino RB, Vilar-Ribó L, Bianchi SB, Hatoum AS, Atkinson EG, Giusti-Rodriguez P, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Gelernter J, Artigas MS, Elson SL, Edenberg HJ, Fontanillas P, Palmer AA, Sanchez-Roige S. A phenome-wide association and Mendelian randomisation study of alcohol use variants in a diverse cohort comprising over 3 million individuals. EBioMedicine 2024; 103:105086. [PMID: 38580523 PMCID: PMC11121167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption is associated with numerous negative social and health outcomes. These associations may be direct consequences of drinking, or they may reflect common genetic factors that influence both alcohol consumption and other outcomes. METHODS We performed exploratory phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) of three of the best studied protective single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding ethanol metabolising enzymes (ADH1B: rs1229984-T, rs2066702-A; ADH1C: rs698-T) using up to 1109 health outcomes across 28 phenotypic categories (e.g., substance-use, mental health, sleep, immune, cardiovascular, metabolic) from a diverse 23andMe cohort, including European (N ≤ 2,619,939), Latin American (N ≤ 446,646) and African American (N ≤ 146,776) populations to uncover new and perhaps unexpected associations. These SNPs have been consistently implicated by both candidate gene studies and genome-wide association studies of alcohol-related behaviours but have not been investigated in detail for other relevant phenotypes in a hypothesis-free approach in such a large cohort of multiple ancestries. To provide insight into potential causal effects of alcohol consumption on the outcomes significant in the PheWAS, we performed univariable two-sample and one-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses. FINDINGS The minor allele rs1229984-T, which is protective against alcohol behaviours, showed the highest number of PheWAS associations across the three cohorts (N = 232, European; N = 29, Latin American; N = 7, African American). rs1229984-T influenced multiple domains of health. We replicated associations with alcohol-related behaviours, mental and sleep conditions, and cardio-metabolic health. We also found associations with understudied traits related to neurological (migraines, epilepsy), immune (allergies), musculoskeletal (fibromyalgia), and reproductive health (preeclampsia). MR analyses identified evidence of causal effects of alcohol consumption on liability for 35 of these outcomes in the European cohort. INTERPRETATION Our work demonstrates that polymorphisms in genes encoding alcohol metabolising enzymes affect multiple domains of health beyond alcohol-related behaviours. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of these effects could have implications for treatments and preventative medicine. FUNDING MVJ, NCK, SBB, SSR and AAP were supported by T32IR5226 and 28IR-0070. SSR was also supported by NIDA DP1DA054394. NCK and RBC were also supported by R25MH081482. ASH was supported by funds from NIAAA K01AA030083. JLMO was supported by VA 1IK2CX002095. JLMO and JJMM were also supported by NIDA R21DA050160. JJMM was also supported by the Kavli Postdoctoral Award for Academic Diversity. EGA was supported by K01MH121659 from the NIMH/NIH, the Caroline Wiess Law Fund for Research in Molecular Medicine and the ARCO Foundation Young Teacher-Investigator Fund at Baylor College of Medicine. MSA was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funded by the European Union Found: Fondo Social Europeo Plus (FSE+) (P19/01224, PI22/00464 and CP22/00128).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela V Jennings
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Orange, West Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Renata B Cupertino
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura Vilar-Ribó
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sevim B Bianchi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexander S Hatoum
- Department of Psychology & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Atkinson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paola Giusti-Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Orange, West Haven, CT, USA; National Center of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- VA CT Healthcare Center, Department Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA; Departments Psychiatry, Genetics, and Neuroscience, Yale Univ. School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - María Soler Artigas
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Abraham A Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Roige
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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4
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Cabrera-Mendoza B, Wendt FR, Pathak GA, Yengo L, Polimanti R. The impact of assortative mating, participation bias and socioeconomic status on the polygenic risk of behavioural and psychiatric traits. Nat Hum Behav 2024; 8:976-987. [PMID: 38366106 PMCID: PMC11161911 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-024-01828-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
To investigate assortative mating (AM), participation bias and socioeconomic status (SES) with respect to the genetics of behavioural and psychiatric traits, we estimated AM signatures using gametic phase disequilibrium and within-spouses and within-siblings polygenic risk score correlation analyses, also performing a SES conditional analysis. The cross-method meta-analysis identified AM genetic signatures for multiple alcohol-related phenotypes, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia and Tourette syndrome. Here, after SES conditioning, we observed changes in the AM genetic signatures for maximum habitual alcohol intake, frequency of drinking alcohol and Tourette syndrome. We also observed significant gametic phase disequilibrium differences between UK Biobank mental health questionnaire responders versus non-responders for major depressive disorder and alcohol use disorder. These results highlight the impact of AM, participation bias and SES on the polygenic risk of behavioural and psychiatric traits, particularly in alcohol-related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Frank R Wendt
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gita A Pathak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Loic Yengo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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5
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Goldberg LR, Baskin BM, Adla Y, Beierle JA, Kelliher JC, Yao EJ, Kirkpatrick SL, Reed ER, Jenkins DF, Luong AM, Luttik KP, Scotellaro JA, Drescher TA, Crotts SB, Yazdani N, Ferris MT, Johnson WE, Mulligan MK, Bryant CD. Atp1a2 and Kcnj9 are candidate genes underlying oxycodone behavioral sensitivity and withdrawal in C57BL/6 substrains. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.16.589731. [PMID: 38798314 PMCID: PMC11123399 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.16.589731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder is heritable, yet its genetic etiology is largely unknown. Analysis of addiction model traits in rodents (e.g., opioid behavioral sensitivity and withdrawal) can facilitate genetic and mechanistic discovery. C57BL/6J and C57BL/6NJ substrains have extremely limited genetic diversity, yet can show reliable phenotypic diversity which together, can facilitate gene discovery. The C57BL/6NJ substrain was less sensitive to oxycodone (OXY)-induced locomotor activity compared to the C57BL/6J substrain. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping in an F2 cross identified a distal chromosome 1 QTL explaining 7-12% of the variance in OXY locomotor sensitivity and anxiety-like withdrawal in the elevated plus maze. We identified a second QTL for withdrawal on chromosome 5 near the candidate gene Gabra2 (alpha-2 subunit of GABA-A receptor) explaining 9% of the variance. Next, we generated recombinant lines from an F2 founder spanning the distal chromosome 1 locus (163-181 Mb), captured the QTL for OXY sensitivity and withdrawal, and fine-mapped a 2.45-Mb region (170.16-172.61 Mb). There were five striatal cis-eQTL transcripts in this region (Pcp4l1, Ncstn, Atp1a2, Kcnj9, Igsf9), two of which were confirmed at the protein level (KCNJ9, ATP1A2). Kcnj9, a.k.a., GIRK3, codes for a potassium channel that is a major effector of mu opioid receptor signaling. Atp1a2 codes for a subunit of a Na+/K+ ATPase enzyme that regulates neuronal excitability and shows adaptations following chronic opioid administration. To summarize, we identified genetic sources of opioid behavioral differences in C57BL/6 substrains, two of the most widely and often interchangeably used substrains in opioid addiction research.
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Wang L, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J, Zhou H. Multi-ancestry Whole-exome Sequencing Study of Alcohol Use Disorder in Two Cohorts. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.04.05.24305412. [PMID: 38645055 PMCID: PMC11030482 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.05.24305412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. There has been substantial progress in identifying genetic variants underlying AUD. However, there are few whole-exome sequencing (WES) studies of AUD. We analyzed WES of 4,530 samples from the Yale-Penn cohort and 469,835 samples from the UK Biobank (UKB). After quality control, 1,420 AUD cases and 619 controls of European ancestry (EUR) and 1,142 cases and 608 controls of African ancestry (AFR) from Yale-Penn were retained for subsequent analyses. WES data from 415,617 EUR samples (12,861 cases), 6,142 AFR samples (130 cases) and 4,607 South Asian (SAS) samples (130 cases) from UKB were also analyzed. Single-variant association analysis identified the well-known functional variant rs1229984 in ADH1B ( P =4.88×10 -31 ) and several other common variants in ADH1C . Gene-based tests identified ADH1B ( P =1.00×10 -31 ), ADH1C ( P =5.23×10 -7 ), CNST ( P =1.19×10 -6 ), and IFIT5 (3.74×10 -6 ). This study extends our understanding of the genetic basis of AUD.
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7
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Galimberti M, Levey DF, Deak JD, Zhou H, Stein MB, Gelernter J. Genetic influences and causal pathways shared between cannabis use disorder and other substance use traits. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02548-y. [PMID: 38580809 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02548-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Cannabis use disorder (CanUD) has increased with the legalization of the use of cannabis. Around 20% of individuals using cannabis develop CanUD, and the number of users has grown with increasing ease of access. CanUD and other substance use disorders (SUDs) are associated phenotypically and genetically. We leveraged new CanUD genomics data to undertake genetically-informed analyses with unprecedented power, to investigate the genetic architecture and causal relationships between CanUD and lifetime cannabis use with risk for developing SUDs and substance use traits. Analyses included calculating local and global genetic correlations, genomic structural equation modeling (genomicSEM), and Mendelian Randomization (MR). Results from the genetic correlation and genomicSEM analyses demonstrated that CanUD and cannabis use differ in their relationships with SUDs and substance use traits. We found significant causal effects of CanUD influencing all the analyzed traits: opioid use disorder (OUD) (Inverse variant weighted, IVW β = 0.925 ± 0.082), problematic alcohol use (PAU) (IVW β = 0.443 ± 0.030), drinks per week (DPW) (IVW β = 0.182 ± 0.025), Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) (IVW β = 0.183 ± 0.052), cigarettes per day (IVW β = 0.150 ± 0.045), current versus former smokers (IVW β = 0.178 ± 0.052), and smoking initiation (IVW β = 0.405 ± 0.042). We also found evidence of bidirectionality showing that OUD, PAU, smoking initiation, smoking cessation, and DPW all increase risk of developing CanUD. For cannabis use, bidirectional relationships were inferred with PAU, smoking initiation, and DPW; cannabis use was also associated with a higher risk of developing OUD (IVW β = 0.785 ± 0.266). GenomicSEM confirmed that CanUD and cannabis use load onto different genetic factors. We conclude that CanUD and cannabis use can increase the risk of developing other SUDs. This has substantial public health implications; the move towards legalization of cannabis use may be expected to increase other kinds of problematic substance use. These harmful outcomes are in addition to the medical harms associated directly with CanUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Galimberti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joseph D Deak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Murray B Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Departments of Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Koller D, Mitjans M, Kouakou M, Friligkou E, Cabrera-Mendoza B, Deak JD, Llonga N, Pathak GA, Stiltner B, Løkhammer S, Levey DF, Zhou H, Hatoum AS, Kember RL, Kranzler HR, Stein MB, Corominas R, Demontis D, Artigas MS, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Gelernter J, Ribasés M, Cormand B, Polimanti R. Genetic contribution to the comorbidity between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and substance use disorders. Psychiatry Res 2024; 333:115758. [PMID: 38335780 PMCID: PMC11157987 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
We characterized the genetic architecture of the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder-substance use disorder (ADHD-SUD) relationship by investigating genetic correlation, causality, pleiotropy, and common polygenic risk. Summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were used to investigate ADHD (Neff = 51,568), cannabis use disorder (CanUD, Neff = 161,053), opioid use disorder (OUD, Neff = 57,120), problematic alcohol use (PAU, Neff = 502,272), and problematic tobacco use (PTU, Neff = 97,836). ADHD, CanUD, and OUD GWAS meta-analyses included cohorts with case definitions based on different diagnostic criteria. PAU GWAS combined information related to alcohol use disorder, alcohol dependence, and the items related to alcohol problematic consequences assessed by the alcohol use disorders identification test. PTU GWAS was generated a multi-trait analysis including information regarding Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence and cigarettes per day. Linkage disequilibrium score regression analyses indicated positive genetic correlation with CanUD, OUD, PAU, and PTU. Genomic structural equation modeling showed that these genetic correlations were related to two latent factors: one including ADHD, CanUD, and PTU and the other with OUD and PAU. The evidence of a causal effect of PAU and PTU on ADHD was stronger than the reverse in the two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Conversely, similar strength of evidence was found between ADHD and CanUD. CADM2 rs62250713 was a pleiotropic SNP between ADHD and all SUDs. We found seven, one, and twenty-eight pleiotropic variants between ADHD and CanUD, PAU, and PTU, respectively. Finally, OUD, CanUD, and PAU PRS were associated with increased odds of ADHD. Our findings demonstrated the contribution of multiple pleiotropic mechanisms to the comorbidity between ADHD and SUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Koller
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CA, USA; Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Marina Mitjans
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia Spain; Sant Joan de Déu Research Institute (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Manuela Kouakou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CA, USA
| | - Eleni Friligkou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CA, USA
| | - Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CA, USA
| | - Joseph D Deak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Llonga
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gita A Pathak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CA, USA
| | - Brendan Stiltner
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CA, USA
| | - Solveig Løkhammer
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CA, USA; NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CA, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CA, USA
| | - Alexander S Hatoum
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rachel L Kember
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Integrated Service Network 4, Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Integrated Service Network 4, Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Murray B Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, La Jolla, USA
| | - Roser Corominas
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia Spain; Sant Joan de Déu Research Institute (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Disorders (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ditte Demontis
- Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark; The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - María Soler Artigas
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CA, USA; Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marta Ribasés
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bru Cormand
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Catalonia Spain; Sant Joan de Déu Research Institute (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Disorders (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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9
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Horwitz TB, Zorina-Lichtenwalter K, Gustavson DE, Grotzinger AD, Stallings MC. Partitioning the Genomic Components of Behavioral Disinhibition and Substance Use (Disorder) Using Genomic Structural Equation Modeling. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.02.20.24303036. [PMID: 38464249 PMCID: PMC10925358 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.20.24303036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Externalizing behaviors encompass manifestations of risk-taking, self-regulation, aggression, sensation-/reward-seeking, and impulsivity. Externalizing research often includes substance use (SU), substance use disorder (SUD), and other (non-SU/SUD) "behavioral disinhibition" (BD) traits. Genome-wide and twin research have pointed to overlapping genetic architecture within and across SUB, SUD, and BD. We created single-factor measurement models-each describing SUB, SUD, or BD traits--based on mutually exclusive sets of European ancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) statistics exploring externalizing variables. We then applied trivariate Cholesky decomposition to these factors in order to identify BD-specific genomic variation and assess the partitioning of BD's genetic covariance with each of the other facets. Even when the residuals for indicators relating to the same substance were correlated across the SUB and SUD factors, the two factors yielded a large zero-order correlation (rg=.803). BD correlated strongly with the SUD (rg=.774) and SUB factors (rg=.778). In our initial decompositions, 33% of total BD variance remained after removing variance associated with SUD and SUB. The majority of covariance between BD and SU and between BD and SUD was shared across all factors. When only nicotine/tobacco, cannabis, and alcohol were included for the SUB/SUD factors, their zero-order correlation increased to rg=.861; in corresponding decompositions, BD-specific variance decreased to 27%. In summary, BD, SU, and SUD were highly genetically correlated at the latent factor level, and a significant minority of genomic BD variation was not shared with SU and/or SUD. Further research can better elucidate the properties of BD-specific variation by exploring its genetic/molecular correlates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya B. Horwitz
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30 St, Boulder, CO, United States of America 80303
- Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Meunzinger D244, 345 UCB, Boulder, CO, United States of America 80303
| | - Katerina Zorina-Lichtenwalter
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30 St, Boulder, CO, United States of America 80303
| | - Daniel E. Gustavson
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30 St, Boulder, CO, United States of America 80303
| | - Andrew D. Grotzinger
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30 St, Boulder, CO, United States of America 80303
- Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Meunzinger D244, 345 UCB, Boulder, CO, United States of America 80303
| | - Michael C. Stallings
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, 1480 30 St, Boulder, CO, United States of America 80303
- Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Meunzinger D244, 345 UCB, Boulder, CO, United States of America 80303
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10
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Cabrera-Mendoza B, Aydin N, Fries GR, Docherty AR, Walss-Bass C, Polimanti R. Estimating the direct effects of the genetic liabilities to bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and behavioral traits on suicide attempt using a multivariable Mendelian randomization approach. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024:10.1038/s41386-024-01833-2. [PMID: 38396255 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are associated with higher odds of suicide attempt (SA). In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of BD and SZ genetic liabilities on SA, also considering the contribution of behavioral traits, socioeconomic factors, and substance use disorders. Leveraging large-scale genome-wide association data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) and the UK Biobank (UKB), we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate the putative causal effect of BD (41,917 cases, 371,549 controls) and SZ (53,386 cases, 77,258 controls) on SA (26,590 cases, 492,022 controls). Then, we assessed the putative causal effect of BD and SZ on behavioral traits, socioeconomic factors, and substance use disorders. Considering the associations identified, we evaluated the direct causal effect of behavioral traits, socioeconomic factors, and substance use disorders on SA using a multivariable MR approach. The genetic liabilities to BD and SZ were associated with higher odds of SA (BD odds ratio (OR) = 1.24, p = 3.88 × 10-12; SZ OR = 1.09, p = 2.44 × 10-20). However, while the effect of mental distress (OR = 1.17, p = 1.02 × 10-4) and risk-taking (OR = 1.52, p = 0.028) on SA was independent of SZ genetic liability, the BD-SA relationship appeared to account for the effect of these risk factors. Similarly, the association with loneliness on SA was null after accounting for the effect of SZ genetic liability. These findings highlight the complex interplay between genetic risk of psychiatric disorders and behavioral traits in the context of SA, suggesting the need for a comprehensive mental health assessment for high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
- VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
| | - Necla Aydin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gabriel R Fries
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, (UTHealth), 77054, Houston, TX, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 77054, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anna R Docherty
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Mental Health Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Consuelo Walss-Bass
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, (UTHealth), 77054, Houston, TX, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 77054, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
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11
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Koller D, Friligkou E, Stiltner B, Pathak GA, Løkhammer S, Levey DF, Zhou H, Hatoum AS, Deak JD, Kember RL, Treur JL, Kranzler HR, Johnson EC, Stein MB, Gelernter J, Polimanti R. Pleiotropy and genetically inferred causality linking multisite chronic pain to substance use disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02446-3. [PMID: 38355787 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02446-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Individuals suffering from chronic pain develop substance use disorders (SUDs) more often than others. Understanding the shared genetic influences underlying the comorbidity between chronic pain and SUDs will lead to a greater understanding of their biology. Genome-wide association statistics were obtained from the UK Biobank for multisite chronic pain (MCP, Neffective = 387,649) and from the Million Veteran Program and the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium meta-analyses for alcohol use disorder (AUD, Neffective = 296,974), cannabis use disorder (CanUD, Neffective = 161,053), opioid use disorder (OUD, Neffective = 57,120), and problematic tobacco use (PTU, Neffective = 270,120). SNP-based heritability was estimated for each of the traits and genetic correlation (rg) analyses were performed to assess MCP-SUD pleiotropy. Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization analyses evaluated possible causal relationships. Finally, to identify and characterize individual loci, we performed a genome-wide pleiotropy analysis and a brain-wide analysis using imaging phenotypes available from the UK Biobank. MCP was positively genetically correlated with AUD (rg = 0.26, p = 7.55 × 10-18), CanUD (rg = 0.37, p = 8.21 × 10-37), OUD (rg = 0.20, p = 1.50 × 10-3), and PTU (rg = 0.29, p = 8.53 × 10-12). Although the MR analyses supported bi-directional relationships, MCP had larger effects on AUD (pain-exposure: beta = 0.18, p = 8.21 × 10-4; pain-outcome: beta = 0.07, p = 0.018), CanUD (pain-exposure: beta = 0.58, p = 2.70 × 10-6; pain-outcome: beta = 0.05, p = 0.014) and PTU (pain-exposure: beta = 0.43, p = 4.16 × 10-8; pain-outcome: beta = 0.09, p = 3.05 × 10-6) than the reverse. The genome-wide analysis identified two SNPs pleiotropic between MCP and all SUD investigated: IHO1 rs7652746 (ppleiotropy = 2.69 × 10-8), and CADM2 rs1248857 (ppleiotropy = 1.98 × 10-5). In the brain-wide analysis, rs7652746 was associated with multiple cerebellum and amygdala imaging phenotypes. When analyzing MCP pleiotropy with each SUD separately, we found 25, 22, and 4 pleiotropic variants for AUD, CanUD, and OUD, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first large-scale study to provide evidence of potential causal relationships and shared genetic mechanisms underlying MCP-SUD comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Koller
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Eleni Friligkou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brendan Stiltner
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gita A Pathak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Solveig Løkhammer
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Dr. Einar Martens Research Group for Biological Psychiatry, Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alexander S Hatoum
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joseph D Deak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rachel L Kember
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Integrated Service Network 4, Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jorien L Treur
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Integrated Service Network 4, Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emma C Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Murray B Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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12
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Suchanecka A, Boroń A, Chmielowiec K, Strońska-Pluta A, Masiak J, Lachowicz M, Chmielowiec J, Janiszewska-Olszowska J, Grzywacz A. The HINT1 Gene rs2526303 Polymorphism and Its Association with Personality Traits in Cigarette Smokers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1218. [PMID: 38279213 PMCID: PMC10816865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of a substance use disorder (SUD) is a multifaceted process influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Recent research has suggested the potential involvement of the HINT1 gene in various aspects of plasticity, mood regulation, anxiety-like behaviour, and stress-coping mechanisms. Moreover, personality traits are also recognised to be instrumental in developing substance dependency. Given these considerations, our study investigated the associations among cigarette smoking, personality traits, and the rs2526303 polymorphism. Additionally, we investigated the interactions between personality traits and rs2526303 in the HINT1 gene. The study group comprised 531 volunteers: 375 cigarette users (mean age = 29.42 ± 10.72; F = 49%, M = 51%) and 156 never-smokers (mean age = 26.93 ± 10.09; F = 79%, M = 21%). Genotyping was conducted using the real-time PCR method, and the NEO Five-Factor Personality Inventory and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were administered. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of rs2526303 genotypes and alleles in the cigarette user group compared to the control group. Compared to the control group, the cigarette users obtained higher scores in the assessment of the NEO-FFI Extraversion scale and lower results for the NEO-FFI Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness scales. Additionally, there was a statistically significant effect of rs2526303 genotype interaction and cigarette-using status on the conscientiousness scale. These outcomes collectively suggest a notable association between cigarette smoking and specific dimensions of personality, particularly highlighting differences in extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Furthermore, the detected interaction effect involving rs2526303 concerning conscientiousness signifies a complex interplay between genetic factors and smoking behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Suchanecka
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.S.-P.)
| | - Agnieszka Boroń
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Chmielowiec
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 28 Zyty St., 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland; (K.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Aleksandra Strońska-Pluta
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.S.-P.)
| | - Jolanta Masiak
- Second Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Głuska St., 20-059 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Milena Lachowicz
- Department of Psychology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Chmielowiec
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, 28 Zyty St., 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland; (K.C.); (J.C.)
| | | | - Anna Grzywacz
- Independent Laboratory of Health Promotion, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (A.S.); (A.S.-P.)
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13
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Duffy EP, Bachtell RK, Ehringer MA. Opioid trail: Tracking contributions to opioid use disorder from host genetics to the gut microbiome. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 156:105487. [PMID: 38040073 PMCID: PMC10836641 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a worldwide public health crisis with few effective treatment options. Traditional genetics and neuroscience approaches have provided knowledge about biological mechanisms that contribute to OUD-related phenotypes, but the complexity and magnitude of effects in the brain and body remain poorly understood. The gut-brain axis has emerged as a promising target for future therapeutics for several psychiatric conditions, so characterizing the relationship between host genetics and the gut microbiome in the context of OUD will be essential for development of novel treatments. In this review, we describe evidence that interactions between host genetics, the gut microbiome, and immune signaling likely play a key role in mediating opioid-related phenotypes. Studies in humans and model organisms consistently demonstrated that genetic background is a major determinant of gut microbiome composition. Furthermore, the gut microbiome is susceptible to environmental influences such as opioid exposure. Additional work focused on gene by microbiome interactions will be necessary to gain improved understanding of their effects on OUD-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamonn P Duffy
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
| | - Ryan K Bachtell
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Marissa A Ehringer
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
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14
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Hoang AT, Corradin O. Epigenetic alterations identify a confluence of genetic vulnerabilities tied to opioid overdose. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:333-334. [PMID: 37587380 PMCID: PMC10700520 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01701-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- An T Hoang
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Olivia Corradin
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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15
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Na P, Zhou H, Montalvo-Ortiz JL, Cabrera-Mendoza B, Petrakis IL, Krystal JH, Polimanti R, Gelernter J, Pietrzak RH. Positive personality traits moderate persistent high alcohol consumption, determined by polygenic risk in U.S. military veterans: results from a 10-year, population-based, observational cohort study. Psychol Med 2023; 53:7893-7901. [PMID: 37642191 DOI: 10.1017/s003329172300199x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the interplay between psychosocial factors and polygenic risk scores (PRS) may help elucidate the biopsychosocial etiology of high alcohol consumption (HAC). This study examined the psychosocial moderators of HAC, determined by polygenic risk in a 10-year longitudinal study of US military veterans. We hypothesized that positive psychosocial traits (e.g. social support, personality traits, optimism, gratitude) may buffer risk of HAC in veterans with greater polygenic liability for alcohol consumption (AC). METHODS Data were analyzed from 1323 European-American US veterans who participated in the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, a 10-year, nationally representative longitudinal study of US military veterans. PRS reflecting genome-wide risk for AC (AUDIT-C) was derived from a Million Veteran Program genome-wide association study (N = 200 680). RESULTS Among the total sample, 328 (weighted 24.8%) had persistent HAC, 131 (weighted 9.9%) had new-onset HAC, 44 (weighted 3.3%) had remitted HAC, and 820 (weighted 62.0%) had no/low AC over the 10-year study period. AUDIT-C PRS was positively associated with persistent HAC relative to no/low AC [relative risk ratio (RRR) = 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.23-1.67] and remitted HAC (RRR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.07-2.50). Among veterans with higher AUDIT-C PRS, greater baseline levels of agreeableness and greater dispositional gratitude were inversely associated with persistent HAC. CONCLUSIONS AUDIT-C PRS was prospectively associated with persistent HAC over a 10-year period, and agreeableness and dispositional gratitude moderated this association. Clinical interventions designed to target these modifiable psychological traits may help mitigate risk of persistent HAC in veterans with greater polygenic liability for persistent HAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Na
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ismene L Petrakis
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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16
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Levey DF, Galimberti M, Deak JD, Wendt FR, Bhattacharya A, Koller D, Harrington KM, Quaden R, Johnson EC, Gupta P, Biradar M, Lam M, Cooke M, Rajagopal VM, Empke SLL, Zhou H, Nunez YZ, Kranzler HR, Edenberg HJ, Agrawal A, Smoller JW, Lencz T, Hougaard DM, Børglum AD, Demontis D, Gaziano JM, Gandal MJ, Polimanti R, Stein MB, Gelernter J. Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of cannabis use disorder yields insight into disease biology and public health implications. Nat Genet 2023; 55:2094-2103. [PMID: 37985822 PMCID: PMC10703690 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01563-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
As recreational use of cannabis is being decriminalized in many places and medical use widely sanctioned, there are growing concerns about increases in cannabis use disorder (CanUD), which is associated with numerous medical comorbidities. Here we performed a genome-wide association study of CanUD in the Million Veteran Program (MVP), followed by meta-analysis in 1,054,365 individuals (ncases = 64,314) from four broad ancestries designated by the reference panel used for assignment (European n = 886,025, African n = 123,208, admixed American n = 38,289 and East Asian n = 6,843). Population-specific methods were applied to calculate single nucleotide polymorphism-based heritability within each ancestry. Statistically significant single nucleotide polymorphism-based heritability for CanUD was observed in all but the smallest population (East Asian). We discovered genome-wide significant loci unique to each ancestry: 22 in European, 2 each in African and East Asian, and 1 in admixed American ancestries. A genetically informed causal relationship analysis indicated a possible effect of genetic liability for CanUD on lung cancer risk, suggesting potential unanticipated future medical and psychiatric public health consequences that require further study to disentangle from other known risk factors such as cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Levey
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Marco Galimberti
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joseph D Deak
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Frank R Wendt
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- Biostatistics Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arjun Bhattacharya
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dora Koller
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Kelly M Harrington
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Quaden
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emma C Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Priya Gupta
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mahantesh Biradar
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Max Lam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Megan Cooke
- Center for Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Veera M Rajagopal
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stefany L L Empke
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yaira Z Nunez
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Crescenz VAMC and Center for Studies of Addiction, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jordan W Smoller
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Precision Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Todd Lencz
- Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - David M Hougaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders D Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte Demontis
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Million Veteran Program Coordinating Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael J Gandal
- Departments of Psychiatry and Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- The Lifespan Brain Institute, Penn Medicine and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Murray B Stein
- Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA.
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17
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Zhou H, Kember RL, Deak JD, Xu H, Toikumo S, Yuan K, Lind PA, Farajzadeh L, Wang L, Hatoum AS, Johnson J, Lee H, Mallard TT, Xu J, Johnston KJA, Johnson EC, Nielsen TT, Galimberti M, Dao C, Levey DF, Overstreet C, Byrne EM, Gillespie NA, Gordon S, Hickie IB, Whitfield JB, Xu K, Zhao H, Huckins LM, Davis LK, Sanchez-Roige S, Madden PAF, Heath AC, Medland SE, Martin NG, Ge T, Smoller JW, Hougaard DM, Børglum AD, Demontis D, Krystal JH, Gaziano JM, Edenberg HJ, Agrawal A, Justice AC, Stein MB, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J. Multi-ancestry study of the genetics of problematic alcohol use in over 1 million individuals. Nat Med 2023; 29:3184-3192. [PMID: 38062264 PMCID: PMC10719093 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02653-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Problematic alcohol use (PAU), a trait that combines alcohol use disorder and alcohol-related problems assessed with a questionnaire, is a leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Here we conducted a large cross-ancestry meta-analysis of PAU in 1,079,947 individuals (European, N = 903,147; African, N = 122,571; Latin American, N = 38,962; East Asian, N = 13,551; and South Asian, N = 1,716 ancestries). We observed a high degree of cross-ancestral similarity in the genetic architecture of PAU and identified 110 independent risk variants in within- and cross-ancestry analyses. Cross-ancestry fine mapping improved the identification of likely causal variants. Prioritizing genes through gene expression and chromatin interaction in brain tissues identified multiple genes associated with PAU. We identified existing medications for potential pharmacological studies by a computational drug repurposing analysis. Cross-ancestry polygenic risk scores showed better performance of association in independent samples than single-ancestry polygenic risk scores. Genetic correlations between PAU and other traits were observed in multiple ancestries, with other substance use traits having the highest correlations. This study advances our knowledge of the genetic etiology of PAU, and these findings may bring possible clinical applicability of genetics insights-together with neuroscience, biology and data science-closer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Section of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Rachel L Kember
- Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph D Deak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sylvanus Toikumo
- Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kai Yuan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Penelope A Lind
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Leila Farajzadeh
- Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alexander S Hatoum
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jessica Johnson
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hyunjoon Lee
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Travis T Mallard
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiayi Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Emma C Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Trine Tollerup Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marco Galimberti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cecilia Dao
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cassie Overstreet
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Enda M Byrne
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nathan A Gillespie
- Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Scott Gordon
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John B Whitfield
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Laura M Huckins
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lea K Davis
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Roige
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pamela A F Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah E Medland
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tian Ge
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Precision Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jordan W Smoller
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Precision Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David M Hougaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders D Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte Demontis
- Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Health Services, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology and Research Information Center (MAVERIC), Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Aging and Preventative Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amy C Justice
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Murray B Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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18
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Hall W, Gartner C, Morphett K. How has the brain disease model of addiction contributed to tobacco control? Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 253:111033. [PMID: 38006672 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.111033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Our paper evaluates the extent to which the brain disease model of addiction (BDMA) has contributed to reducing the prevalence of tobacco smoking and tobacco-related harm over the past 20 years. We discuss the ways in which genetic and neuroscience research on nicotine addiction have contributed to our understanding of tobacco smoking. We then examine the extent to which the BDMA has produced more effective treatments to assist smoking cessation. We also assess the degree to which the BDMA has contributed to the tobacco control policies that have produced substantial reductions in tobacco-related morbidity and mortality in the two decades since the model was first proposed by Alan Leshner. We also assess whether the BDMA has reduced the stigmatisation of people who smoke tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Hall
- The National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, the University of Queensland, Australia.
| | - Coral Gartner
- The School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Kylie Morphett
- The School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Australia
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19
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Smolyak D, Humphries EM, Parikh A, Gopalakrishnan M, Aycan F, Bjarnadóttir M, Ament SA, El-Metwally D, Beitelshees A, Agarwal R. Predicting Heterogeneity in Patient Response to Morphine Treatment for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2023; 114:1015-1022. [PMID: 37470135 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.3007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome commonly receive morphine treatment to manage their withdrawal signs. However, the effectiveness of this pharmacotherapy in managing the infants' withdrawal signs vary widely. We sought to understand how information available early in infant monitoring can anticipate this treatment response, focusing on early modified Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring System (FNASS) scores, polygenic risk for opioid dependence (polygenic risk score (PRS)), and drug exposure. Using k-means clustering, we divided the 213 infants in our cohort into 3 groups based on their FNASS scores in the 12 hours before and after the initiation of pharmacotherapy. We found that these groups were pairwise significantly different for risk factors, including methadone exposure, and for in-hospital outcomes, including total morphine received, length of stay, and highest FNASS score. Whereas PRS was not predictive of receipt of treatment, PRS was pairwise significantly different between a subset of the groups. Using tree-based machine learning methods, we then constructed network graphs of the relationships among these groups, FNASS scores, PRS, drug exposures, and in-hospital outcomes. The resulting networks also showed meaningful connection between early FNASS scores and PRS, as well as between both of those and later in-hospital outcomes. These analyses present clinicians with the opportunity to better anticipate infant withdrawal progression and prepare accordingly, whether with expedited morphine treatment or non-pharmacotherapeutic alternative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Smolyak
- Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Humphries
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Program in Molecular Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Abhinav Parikh
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Mathangi Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Practice, Science, and Health Outcomes Research, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Fulden Aycan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Margrét Bjarnadóttir
- Robert H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Seth A Ament
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition and Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dina El-Metwally
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Amber Beitelshees
- University of Maryland - Medicine Institute for Neuroscience Discovery (UM-MIND), Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ritu Agarwal
- Carey Business School, Center for Digital Health and Artificial Intelligence, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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20
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Antón-Galindo E, Cabana-Domínguez J, Torrico B, Corominas R, Cormand B, Fernàndez-Castillo N. The pleiotropic contribution of genes in dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways to addiction and related behavioral traits. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1293663. [PMID: 37937232 PMCID: PMC10627163 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1293663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Co-occurrence of substance use disorders (SUD) and other behavioral conditions, such as stress-related, aggressive or risk-taking behaviors, in the same individual has been frequently described. As dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) have been previously identified as key neurotransmitters for some of these phenotypes, we explored the genetic contribution of these pathways to SUD and these comorbid phenotypes in order to better understand the genetic relationship between them. Methods We tested the association of 275 dopaminergic genes and 176 serotonergic genes with these phenotypes by performing gene-based, gene-set and transcriptome-wide association studies in 11 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) datasets on SUD and related behaviors. Results At the gene-wide level, 68 DA and 27 5-HT genes were found to be associated with at least one GWAS on SUD or related behavior. Among them, six genes had a pleiotropic effect, being associated with at least three phenotypes: ADH1C, ARNTL, CHRNA3, HPRT1, HTR1B and DRD2. Additionally, we found nominal associations between the DA gene sets and SUD, opioid use disorder, antisocial behavior, irritability and neuroticism, and between the 5-HT-core gene set and neuroticism. Predicted gene expression correlates in brain were also found for 19 DA or 5-HT genes. Discussion Our study shows a pleiotropic contribution of dopaminergic and serotonergic genes to addiction and related behaviors such as anxiety, irritability, neuroticism and risk-taking behavior, highlighting a role for DA genes, which could explain, in part, the co-occurrence of these phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Antón-Galindo
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Cabana-Domínguez
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bàrbara Torrico
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Corominas
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bru Cormand
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Pagano R, Salamian A, Skonieczna E, Wojtas B, Gielniewski B, Harda Z, Cały A, Havekes R, Abel T, Radwanska K. Molecular fingerprints in the hippocampus of alcohol seeking during withdrawal. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3337670. [PMID: 37841864 PMCID: PMC10571638 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3337670/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is characterized by pathological motivation to consume alcohol and cognitive inflexibility, leading to excessive alcohol seeking and use. Due to limited understanding of the molecular basis of the disease, there are few pharmacological interventions available to combat AUD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular correlates of impaired extinction of alcohol seeking during alcohol withdrawal using a mouse model of AUD implemented in the automated IntelliCage social system. This model enabled us to distinguish between animals exhibiting AUD-prone and AUD-resistant phenotypes, based on the presence of ≥ 2 or < 2 criteria of AUD, respectively. We utilized new generation RNA sequencing to identify genes that were differentially expressed in the hippocampus and amygdala of mice meeting ≥ 2 or < 2 criteria, as these brain regions are implicated in alcohol motivation, seeking, consumption and the cognitive inflexibility characteristic of AUD. To complement the sequencing studies, we conducted ex vivo electrophysiology experiments. Our findings revealed significant dysregulation of the hippocampal genes associated with the actin cytoskeleton and synaptic function, including actin binding molecule cofilin, during alcohol withdrawal in mice meeting ≥ 2 criteria compared to those meeting < 2 criteria. Moreover, this dysregulation was accompanied by impaired synaptic transmission in the molecular layer of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (ML-DG). Additionally, we demonstrated that overexpression of cofilin in the polymorphic layer of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (PoDG) inhibited ML-DG synapses, increased motivation to seek alcohol, impaired extinction of alcohol seeking and increased correlation between AUD behaviors, resembling the phenotype observed in mice meeting ≥ 2 criteria. Overall, our study uncovers a novel mechanism linking increased hippocampal cofilin expression with the AUD phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Pagano
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Ahmad Salamian
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Edyta Skonieczna
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Bartosz Wojtas
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Bartek Gielniewski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Zofia Harda
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
- current address: Department Molecular Neuropharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Cały
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Robbert Havekes
- Neurobiology expertise group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ted Abel
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kasia Radwanska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
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22
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Thorpe HHA, Fontanillas P, Pham BK, Meredith JJ, Jennings MV, Courchesne-Krak NS, Vilar-Ribó L, Bianchi SB, Mutz J, Elson SL, Khokhar JY, Abdellaoui A, Davis LK, Palmer AA, Sanchez-Roige S. Genome-Wide Association Studies of Coffee Intake in UK/US Participants of European Ancestry Uncover Gene-Cohort Influences. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.09.09.23295284. [PMID: 37745582 PMCID: PMC10516045 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.09.23295284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of coffee intake in US-based 23andMe participants (N=130,153) and identified 7 significant loci, with many replicating in three multi-ancestral cohorts. We examined genetic correlations and performed a phenome-wide association study across thousands of biomarkers and health and lifestyle traits, then compared our results to the largest available GWAS of coffee intake from UK Biobank (UKB; N=334,659). The results of these two GWAS were highly discrepant. We observed positive genetic correlations between coffee intake and psychiatric illnesses, pain, and gastrointestinal traits in 23andMe that were absent or negative in UKB. Genetic correlations with cognition were negative in 23andMe but positive in UKB. The only consistent observations were positive genetic correlations with substance use and obesity. Our study shows that GWAS in different cohorts could capture cultural differences in the relationship between behavior and genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley H A Thorpe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Benjamin K Pham
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John J Meredith
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mariela V Jennings
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Laura Vilar-Ribó
- Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sevim B Bianchi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Julian Mutz
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - 23andMe Research Team
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah L Elson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jibran Y Khokhar
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Abdel Abdellaoui
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lea K Davis
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Abraham A Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Roige
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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23
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Greener MR, Storr SJ. Conflicting theories on addiction aetiology and the strengths and limitations of substance use disorder disease modelling. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1166852. [PMID: 37745284 PMCID: PMC10511750 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1166852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A lack of cross-disciplinary unanimity prevails within addiction research. Theories conceptualizing addiction through the three-stage brain disease model contest other theories that substance use disorder is of behavioural or genetic origin. The reverberations of this lack of consensus are noticeable throughout addiction research and within the foundations of disease modelling. The availability of methods to investigate substance use disorder are inconsistent and sometimes unrepresentative. This review discusses theories of addiction aetiology, available models for addiction research and the strengths and limitations of current practical experimental methods of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan R. Greener
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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24
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Pagano R, Salamian A, Skonieczna E, Wojtas B, Gielniewski B, Harda Z, Cały A, Havekes R, Abel T, Radwanska K. Molecular fingerprints in the hippocampus of alcohol seeking during withdrawal. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554622. [PMID: 37662388 PMCID: PMC10473700 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is characterized by excessive alcohol seeking and use. Here, we investigated the molecular correlates of impaired extinction of alcohol seeking using a multidimentional mouse model of AUD. We distinguished AUD-prone and AUD-resistant mice, based on the presence of ≥ 2 or < 2 criteria of AUD and utilized RNA sequencing to identify genes that were differentially expressed in the hippocampus and amygdala of mice meeting ≥ 2 or < 2 criteria, as these brain regions are implicated in alcohol motivation, seeking, consumption and the cognitive inflexibility characteristic of AUD. Our findings revealed dysregulation of the genes associated with the actin cytoskeleton, including actin binding molecule cofilin, and impaired synaptic transmission in the hippocampi of mice meeting ≥ 2 criteria. Overexpression of cofilin in the polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus (PoDG) inhibited ML-DG synapses, increased motivation to seek alcohol and impaired extinction of alcohol seeking, resembling the phenotype observed in mice meeting ≥ 2 criteria. Overall, our study uncovers a novel mechanism linking increased hippocampal cofilin expression with the AUD phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Pagano
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Ahmad Salamian
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Edyta Skonieczna
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Bartosz Wojtas
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Bartek Gielniewski
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Zofia Harda
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
- current address: Department Molecular Neuropharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Cały
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Robbert Havekes
- Neurobiology expertise group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ted Abel
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kasia Radwanska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., Warsaw 02-093, Poland
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25
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Stiltner B, Pietrzak RH, Tylee DS, Nunez YZ, Adhikari K, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J, Polimanti R. Polysubstance addiction patterns among 7,989 individuals with cocaine use disorder. iScience 2023; 26:107336. [PMID: 37554454 PMCID: PMC10405253 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To characterize polysubstance addiction (PSA) patterns of cocaine use disorder (CoUD), we performed a latent class analysis (LCA) in 7,989 participants with a lifetime DSM-5 diagnosis of CoUD. This analysis identified three PSA subgroups among CoUD participants (i.e., low, 17%; intermediate, 38%; high, 45%). While these subgroups varied by age, sex, and racial-ethnic distribution (p < 0.001), there was no difference with respect to education or income (p > 0.05). After accounting for sex, age, and race-ethnicity, the CoUD subgroup with high PSA had higher odds of antisocial personality disorder (OR = 21.96 vs. 6.39, difference-p = 8.08✕10-6), agoraphobia (OR = 4.58 vs. 2.05, difference-p = 7.04✕10-4), mixed bipolar episode (OR = 10.36 vs. 2.61, difference-p = 7.04✕10-4), posttraumatic stress disorder (OR = 11.54 vs. 5.86, difference-p = 2.67✕10-4), antidepressant medication use (OR = 13.49 vs. 8.02, difference-p = 1.42✕10-4), and sexually transmitted diseases (OR = 5.92 vs. 3.38, difference-p = 1.81✕10-5) than the low-PSA CoUD subgroup. These findings underscore the importance of modeling PSA severity and comorbidities when examining the clinical, molecular, and neuroimaging correlates of CoUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Stiltner
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Robert H. Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Daniel S. Tylee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Yaira Z. Nunez
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Keyrun Adhikari
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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26
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Cabrera-Mendoza B, Aydin N, Fries GR, Docherty AR, Walss-Bass C, Polimanti R. Estimating the direct effects of the genetic liabilities to bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and behavioral traits on suicide attempt using a multivariable Mendelian randomization approach. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.08.14.23294083. [PMID: 37645805 PMCID: PMC10462224 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.14.23294083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are associated with higher odds of suicide attempt (SA). In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of BD and SZ genetic liabilities on SA, also considering the contribution of behavioral traits, socioeconomic factors, and substance use disorders. Leveraging large-scale genome-wide association data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) and the UK Biobank (UKB), we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate the putative causal effect of BD (41,917 cases, 371,549 controls) and SZ (53,386 cases, 77,258 controls) on SA (26,590 cases, 492,022 controls). Then, we assessed the putative causal effect of BD and SZ on behavioral traits, socioeconomic factors, and substance use disorders. Considering the associations identified, we evaluated the direct causal effect of behavioral traits, socioeconomic factors, and substance use disorders on SA using a multivariable MR approach. The genetic liabilities to BD and SZ were associated with higher odds of SA (BD odds ratio (OR)=1.24, p=3.88×10-12; SZ OR=1.09, p=2.44×10-20). However, while the effect of mental distress (OR=1.17, p=1.02×10-4) and risk-taking (OR=1.52, p=0.028) on SA was independent of SZ genetic liability, the BD-SA relationship appeared to account for the effect of these risk factors. Similarly, the association with loneliness on SA was null after accounting for the effect of SZ genetic liability. These findings highlight the complex interplay between genetic risk of psychiatric disorders and behavioral traits in the context of SA, suggesting the need for a comprehensive mental health assessment for high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Cabrera-Mendoza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Necla Aydin
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey
| | - Gabriel R. Fries
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, (UTHealth), 77054 Houston, Texas, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 77054 Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anna R. Docherty
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Mental Health Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Consuelo Walss-Bass
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, (UTHealth), 77054 Houston, Texas, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 77054 Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
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27
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Dipietro L, Gonzalez-Mego P, Ramos-Estebanez C, Zukowski LH, Mikkilineni R, Rushmore RJ, Wagner T. The evolution of Big Data in neuroscience and neurology. JOURNAL OF BIG DATA 2023; 10:116. [PMID: 37441339 PMCID: PMC10333390 DOI: 10.1186/s40537-023-00751-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Neurological diseases are on the rise worldwide, leading to increased healthcare costs and diminished quality of life in patients. In recent years, Big Data has started to transform the fields of Neuroscience and Neurology. Scientists and clinicians are collaborating in global alliances, combining diverse datasets on a massive scale, and solving complex computational problems that demand the utilization of increasingly powerful computational resources. This Big Data revolution is opening new avenues for developing innovative treatments for neurological diseases. Our paper surveys Big Data's impact on neurological patient care, as exemplified through work done in a comprehensive selection of areas, including Connectomics, Alzheimer's Disease, Stroke, Depression, Parkinson's Disease, Pain, and Addiction (e.g., Opioid Use Disorder). We present an overview of research and the methodologies utilizing Big Data in each area, as well as their current limitations and technical challenges. Despite the potential benefits, the full potential of Big Data in these fields currently remains unrealized. We close with recommendations for future research aimed at optimizing the use of Big Data in Neuroscience and Neurology for improved patient outcomes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40537-023-00751-2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Gonzalez-Mego
- Spaulding Rehabilitation/Neuromodulation Lab, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Timothy Wagner
- Highland Instruments, Cambridge, MA USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA USA
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28
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Als TD, Kurki MI, Grove J, Voloudakis G, Therrien K, Tasanko E, Nielsen TT, Naamanka J, Veerapen K, Levey DF, Bendl J, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Zeng B, Demontis D, Rosengren A, Athanasiadis G, Bækved-Hansen M, Qvist P, Bragi Walters G, Thorgeirsson T, Stefánsson H, Musliner KL, Rajagopal VM, Farajzadeh L, Thirstrup J, Vilhjálmsson BJ, McGrath JJ, Mattheisen M, Meier S, Agerbo E, Stefánsson K, Nordentoft M, Werge T, Hougaard DM, Mortensen PB, Stein MB, Gelernter J, Hovatta I, Roussos P, Daly MJ, Mors O, Palotie A, Børglum AD. Depression pathophysiology, risk prediction of recurrence and comorbid psychiatric disorders using genome-wide analyses. Nat Med 2023; 29:1832-1844. [PMID: 37464041 PMCID: PMC10839245 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a common psychiatric disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of six datasets, including >1.3 million individuals (371,184 with depression) and identified 243 risk loci. Overall, 64 loci were new, including genes encoding glutamate and GABA receptors, which are targets for antidepressant drugs. Intersection with functional genomics data prioritized likely causal genes and revealed new enrichment of prenatal GABAergic neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocyte lineages. We found depression to be highly polygenic, with ~11,700 variants explaining 90% of the single-nucleotide polymorphism heritability, estimating that >95% of risk variants for other psychiatric disorders (anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) were influencing depression risk when both concordant and discordant variants were considered, and nearly all depression risk variants influenced educational attainment. Additionally, depression genetic risk was associated with impaired complex cognition domains. We dissected the genetic and clinical heterogeneity, revealing distinct polygenic architectures across subgroups of depression and demonstrating significantly increased absolute risks for recurrence and psychiatric comorbidity among cases of depression with the highest polygenic burden, with considerable sex differences. The risks were up to 5- and 32-fold higher than cases with the lowest polygenic burden and the background population, respectively. These results deepen the understanding of the biology underlying depression, its disease progression and inform precision medicine approaches to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Als
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Mitja I Kurki
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jakob Grove
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Georgios Voloudakis
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 2 South), James J Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Karen Therrien
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 2 South), James J Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa Tasanko
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Trine Tollerup Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Joonas Naamanka
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kumar Veerapen
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jaroslav Bendl
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Biao Zeng
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ditte Demontis
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders Rosengren
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Capital Region of Denmark, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Georgios Athanasiadis
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Capital Region of Denmark, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marie Bækved-Hansen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Qvist
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Katherine L Musliner
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- National Centre for Register-Based Research (NCRR), Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Veera M Rajagopal
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Leila Farajzadeh
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Janne Thirstrup
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bjarni J Vilhjálmsson
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - John J McGrath
- National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Sandra Meier
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Esben Agerbo
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- National Centre for Register-Based Research (NCRR), Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, CIRRAU, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Capital Region of Denmark, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Sciences and GLOBE Institute, LF Center for GeoGenetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David M Hougaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Preben B Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- National Centre for Register-Based Research (NCRR), Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Integrated Register-based Research, CIRRAU, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Murray B Stein
- Psychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Iiris Hovatta
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Panos Roussos
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 2 South), James J Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Mark J Daly
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital-Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anders D Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark.
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29
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Philibert R, Moody J, Philibert W, Dogan MV, Hoffman EA. The Reversion of the Epigenetic Signature of Coronary Heart Disease in Response to Smoking Cessation. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1233. [PMID: 37372412 PMCID: PMC10297911 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. However, current diagnostic tools for CHD, such as coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), are poorly suited for monitoring treatment response. Recently, we have introduced an artificial-intelligence-guided integrated genetic-epigenetic test for CHD whose core consists of six assays that determine methylation in pathways known to moderate the pathogenesis of CHD. However, whether methylation at these six loci is sufficiently dynamic to guide CHD treatment response is unknown. To test that hypothesis, we examined the relationship of changes in these six loci to changes in cg05575921, a generally accepted marker of smoking intensity, using DNA from a cohort of 39 subjects undergoing a 90-day smoking cessation intervention and methylation-sensitive digital PCR (MSdPCR). We found that changes in epigenetic smoking intensity were significantly associated with reversion of the CHD-associated methylation signature at five of the six MSdPCR predictor sites: cg03725309, cg12586707, cg04988978, cg17901584, and cg21161138. We conclude that methylation-based approaches could be a scalable method for assessing the clinical effectiveness of CHD interventions, and that further studies to understand the responsiveness of these epigenetic measures to other forms of CHD treatment are in order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Philibert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.M.); (W.P.)
- Cardio Diagnostics Inc., Chicago, IL 60642, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Joanna Moody
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.M.); (W.P.)
| | - Willem Philibert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (J.M.); (W.P.)
| | - Meeshanthini V. Dogan
- Cardio Diagnostics Inc., Chicago, IL 60642, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Eric A. Hoffman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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30
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Cały A, Ziółkowska M, Pagano R, Salamian A, Śliwińska MA, Sotoudeh N, Bernaś T, Radwanska K. Autophosphorylation of αCaMKII regulates alcohol consumption by controlling sedative effects of alcohol and alcohol-induced loss of excitatory synapses. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13276. [PMID: 37186439 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is a key enzyme at the glutamatergic synapses. CAMK2A gene variants have been linked with alcohol use disorder (AUD) by an unknown mechanism. Here, we looked for the link between αCaMKII autophosphorylation and the AUD aetiology. Autophosphorylation-deficient heterozygous αCaMKII mutant mice (T286A+/- ) were trained in the IntelliCages to test the role of αCaMKII activity in AUD-related behaviours. The glutamatergic synapses morphology in CeA was studied in the animals drinking alcohol using 3D electron microscopy. We found that T286A+/- mutants consumed less alcohol and were more sensitive to sedating effects of alcohol, as compared to wild-type littermates (WT). After voluntary alcohol drinking, T286A+/- mice had less excitatory synapses in the CeA, as compared to alcohol-naive animals. This change correlated with alcohol consumption was not reversed after alcohol withdrawal and not observed in WT mice. Our study suggests that αCaMKII autophosphorylation affects alcohol consumption by controlling sedative effects of alcohol and preventing synaptic loss in the individuals drinking alcohol. This finding advances our understanding of the molecular processes that regulate alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cały
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Behavior, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ziółkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Behavior, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roberto Pagano
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Behavior, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ahmad Salamian
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Behavior, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata A Śliwińska
- Laboratory of Imaging Tissue Structure and Function, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Narges Sotoudeh
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Behavior, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tytus Bernaś
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Kasia Radwanska
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Behavior, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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31
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Maes HH, Neale MC, Ohlsson H, Sundquist J, Sundquist K, Kendler KS. Genetic and Cultural Transmission of Alcohol Use Disorder in Swedish Twin Pedigrees. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2023; 84:368-377. [PMID: 36971731 PMCID: PMC10364785 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.22-00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using Swedish nationwide registry data, we investigated the contribution of genetic and environmental risk factors to the etiology of alcohol use disorder (AUD) by extended twin pedigree modeling. METHOD AUD was defined using public inpatient, outpatient, prescription, and criminal records. Three-generational pedigrees were selected for index individuals born between 1980 and 1990, obtained from the national twin and genealogical registers, whose parents were twins. Relatives of the twins included in the pedigrees were their parents, siblings, spouses, and children. Genetic structural equation modeling was applied to the population-based data on AUD, using OpenMx, with age used as a covariate. RESULTS Analyses including up to 162,469 individuals in 18,971 pedigrees estimated AUD prevalence at 5%-12% in men and 2%-5% in women. Results indicated substantial heritability (about 50%-60%), of which a portion upwards of 5% was attributable to the consequences of assortative mating. Contributions of shared environmental factors to AUD, which represent a mix of within- and cross-generational effects, appeared to be moderate (about 10%-20%). Unique environment accounted for the remaining variance (about 20%-30%). Sex differences in the magnitude of the variance components suggested higher heritability in men and correspondingly higher shared environmental contributions in women. CONCLUSIONS Using objective registry data, we found that AUD is highly heritable. Furthermore, shared environmental factors contributed significantly to the liability of AUD in both men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermine H. Maes
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Michael C. Neale
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Henrik Ohlsson
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Kenneth S. Kendler
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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32
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Brick LA, Benca-Bachman CE, Johnson EC, Gustavson DE, Carper M, Palmer RHC. Genetic associations among internalizing and externalizing traits with polysubstance use among young adults. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.04.04.23287779. [PMID: 37066212 PMCID: PMC10104191 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.04.23287779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Though most genetic studies of substance use focus on specific substances in isolation or generalized vulnerability across multiple substances, few studies to date focus on the concurrent use of two or more substances within a specified time frame (i.e., polysubstance use; PSU). We evaluated whether distinct genetic factors underlying internalizing and externalizing traits were associated with past 30-day PSU above variance shared across general psychopathology and substance use (SU). Using Genomic Structural Equation Modeling, we constructed theory-driven, multivariate genetic factors of 16 internalizing, externalizing, and SU traits using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics. Next, we fit a model with a higher order SU-related psychopathology factor as well as genetic variance specific to externalizing and internalizing (i.e., residual genetic variance not explained by SU or general psychopathology). GWAS-by-subtraction was used to obtain single nucleotide polymorphism effects on each of these factors. Polygenic scores (PGS) were then created in an independent target sample with data on PSU, the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. To evaluate the effect of genetic variance due to internalizing and externalizing traits independent of variance related to SU, we regressed PSU on the PGSs, controlling for sex, age, and genetic principal components. PGSs for SU-related psychopathology and non-SU externalizing traits were associated with higher PSU factor scores, while the non-SU internalizing PGS was not significantly associated with PSU. In total, the three PGSs accounted for an additional 4% of the variance in PSU above and beyond a null model with only age, sex, and genetic principal components as predictors. These findings suggest that there may be unique genetic variance in externalizing traits contributing to liability for PSU that is independent of the genetic variance shared with SU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie A Brick
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Behavioral Genetics of Addiction Laboratory, Department of Psychology at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Chelsie E Benca-Bachman
- Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Behavioral Genetics of Addiction Laboratory, Department of Psychology at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Emma C Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Daniel E. Gustavson
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Matthew Carper
- Department of Clinical Psychology, William James College, Newton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rohan HC Palmer
- Providence VA Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
- Behavioral Genetics of Addiction Laboratory, Department of Psychology at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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33
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Hatoum AS, Colbert SM, Johnson EC, Huggett SB, Deak JD, Pathak G, Jennings MV, Paul SE, Karcher NR, Hansen I, Baranger DA, Edwards A, Grotzinger A, Tucker-Drob EM, Kranzler HR, Davis LK, Sanchez-Roige S, Polimanti R, Gelernter J, Edenberg HJ, Bogdan R, Agrawal A. Multivariate genome-wide association meta-analysis of over 1 million subjects identifies loci underlying multiple substance use disorders. NATURE MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 1:210-223. [PMID: 37250466 PMCID: PMC10217792 DOI: 10.1038/s44220-023-00034-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Genetic liability to substance use disorders can be parsed into loci that confer general or substance-specific addiction risk. We report a multivariate genome-wide association meta-analysis that disaggregates general and substance-specific loci for published summary statistics of problematic alcohol use, problematic tobacco use, cannabis use disorder, and opioid use disorder in a sample of 1,025,550 individuals of European descent and 92,630 individuals of African descent. Nineteen independent SNPs were genome-wide significant (P < 5e-8) for the general addiction risk factor (addiction-rf), which showed high polygenicity. Across ancestries, PDE4B was significant (among other genes), suggesting dopamine regulation as a cross-substance vulnerability. An addiction-rf polygenic risk score was associated with substance use disorders, psychopathologies, somatic conditions, and environments associated with the onset of addictions. Substance-specific loci (9 for alcohol, 32 for tobacco, 5 for cannabis, 1 for opioids) included metabolic and receptor genes. These findings provide insight into genetic risk loci for substance use disorders that could be leveraged as treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Hatoum
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of
Psychiatry, Saint Louis, USA
| | - Sarah M.C. Colbert
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of
Psychiatry, Saint Louis, USA
| | - Emma C. Johnson
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of
Psychiatry, Saint Louis, USA
| | | | - Joseph D. Deak
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale
School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven,
CT, USA
| | - Gita Pathak
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale
School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mariela V. Jennings
- UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry,
San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sarah E. Paul
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences,
Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Nicole R. Karcher
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of
Psychiatry, Saint Louis, USA
| | - Isabella Hansen
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences,
Washington University in St. Louis
| | - David A.A. Baranger
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of
Psychiatry, Saint Louis, USA
| | - Alexis Edwards
- Virginia Institute of Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Andrew Grotzinger
- University of Colorado-Boulder, Institute for Behavioral
Genetics, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Elliot M. Tucker-Drob
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Psychology and
Population Research Center, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Center for Studies of Addiction, Department of
Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia,
PA, USA
- VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lea K. Davis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine,
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt
University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Roige
- UC San Diego School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry,
San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine,
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale
School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven,
CT, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale
School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Psychology and
Population Research Center, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New
Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New
Haven, CT, USA
| | - Howard J. Edenberg
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana
University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana
University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ryan Bogdan
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences,
Washington University in St. Louis
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of
Psychiatry, Saint Louis, USA
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34
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Stiltner B, Pietrzak RH, Tylee DS, Nunez YZ, Adhikari K, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J, Polimanti R. Polysubstance addiction and psychiatric, somatic comorbidities among 7,989 individuals with cocaine use disorder: a latent class analysis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.02.08.23285653. [PMID: 36798273 PMCID: PMC9934788 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.08.23285653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Aims We performed a latent class analysis (LCA) in a sample ascertained for addiction phenotypes to investigate cocaine use disorder (CoUD) subgroups related to polysubstance addiction (PSA) patterns and characterized their differences with respect to psychiatric and somatic comorbidities. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting United States. Participants Adult participants aged 18-76, 39% female, 47% African American, 36% European American with a lifetime DSM-5 diagnosis of CoUD (N=7,989) enrolled in the Yale-Penn cohort. The control group included 2,952 Yale-Penn participants who did not meet for alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, opioid, or tobacco use disorders. Measurements Psychiatric disorders and related traits were assessed via the Semi-structured Assessment for Drug Dependence and Alcoholism. These features included substance use disorders (SUD), family history of substance use, sociodemographic information, traumatic events, suicidal behaviors, psychopathology, and medical history. LCA was conducted using diagnoses and diagnostic criteria of alcohol, cannabis, opioid, and tobacco use disorders. Findings Our LCA identified three subgroups of PSA (i.e., low, 17%; intermediate, 38%; high, 45%) among 7,989 CoUD participants. While these subgroups varied by age, sex, and racial-ethnic distribution (p<0.001), there was no difference on education or income (p>0.05). After accounting for sex, age, and race-ethnicity, the CoUD subgroup with high PSA had higher odds of antisocial personality disorder (OR=21.96 vs. 6.39, difference-p=8.08×10 -6 ), agoraphobia (OR=4.58 vs. 2.05, difference-p=7.04×10 -4 ), mixed bipolar episode (OR=10.36 vs. 2.61, difference-p=7.04×10 -4 ), posttraumatic stress disorder (OR=11.54 vs. 5.86, difference-p=2.67×10 -4 ), antidepressant medication use (OR=13.49 vs. 8.02, difference-p=1.42×10 -4 ), and sexually transmitted diseases (OR=5.92 vs. 3.38, difference-p=1.81×10 -5 ) than the low-PSA CoUD subgroup. Conclusions We found different patterns of PSA in association with psychiatric and somatic comorbidities among CoUD cases within the Yale-Penn cohort. These findings underscore the importance of modeling PSA severity and comorbidities when examining the clinical, molecular, and neuroimaging correlates of CoUD.
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Andreassen OA, Hindley GFL, Frei O, Smeland OB. New insights from the last decade of research in psychiatric genetics: discoveries, challenges and clinical implications. World Psychiatry 2023; 22:4-24. [PMID: 36640404 PMCID: PMC9840515 DOI: 10.1002/wps.21034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric genetics has made substantial progress in the last decade, providing new insights into the genetic etiology of psychiatric disorders, and paving the way for precision psychiatry, in which individual genetic profiles may be used to personalize risk assessment and inform clinical decision-making. Long recognized to be heritable, recent evidence shows that psychiatric disorders are influenced by thousands of genetic variants acting together. Most of these variants are commonly occurring, meaning that every individual has a genetic risk to each psychiatric disorder, from low to high. A series of large-scale genetic studies have discovered an increasing number of common and rare genetic variants robustly associated with major psychiatric disorders. The most convincing biological interpretation of the genetic findings implicates altered synaptic function in autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. However, the mechanistic understanding is still incomplete. In line with their extensive clinical and epidemiological overlap, psychiatric disorders appear to exist on genetic continua and share a large degree of genetic risk with one another. This provides further support to the notion that current psychiatric diagnoses do not represent distinct pathogenic entities, which may inform ongoing attempts to reconceptualize psychiatric nosology. Psychiatric disorders also share genetic influences with a range of behavioral and somatic traits and diseases, including brain structures, cognitive function, immunological phenotypes and cardiovascular disease, suggesting shared genetic etiology of potential clinical importance. Current polygenic risk score tools, which predict individual genetic susceptibility to illness, do not yet provide clinically actionable information. However, their precision is likely to improve in the coming years, and they may eventually become part of clinical practice, stressing the need to educate clinicians and patients about their potential use and misuse. This review discusses key recent insights from psychiatric genetics and their possible clinical applications, and suggests future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guy F L Hindley
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Oleksandr Frei
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav B Smeland
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Zhou H, Kember RL, Deak JD, Xu H, Toikumo S, Yuan K, Lind PA, Farajzadeh L, Wang L, Hatoum AS, Johnson J, Lee H, Mallard TT, Xu J, Johnston KJ, Johnson EC, Galimberti M, Dao C, Levey DF, Overstreet C, Byrne EM, Gillespie NA, Gordon S, Hickie IB, Whitfield JB, Xu K, Zhao H, Huckins LM, Davis LK, Sanchez-Roige S, Madden PAF, Heath AC, Medland SE, Martin NG, Ge T, Smoller JW, Hougaard DM, Børglum AD, Demontis D, Krystal JH, Gaziano JM, Edenberg HJ, Agrawal A, Justice AC, Stein MB, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J. Multi-ancestry study of the genetics of problematic alcohol use in >1 million individuals. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.01.24.23284960. [PMID: 36747741 PMCID: PMC9901058 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.24.23284960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Problematic alcohol use (PAU) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. To improve our understanding of the genetics of PAU, we conducted a large cross-ancestry meta-analysis of PAU in 1,079,947 individuals. We observed a high degree of cross-ancestral similarity in the genetic architecture of PAU and identified 110 independent risk variants in within- and cross-ancestry analyses. Cross-ancestry fine-mapping improved the identification of likely causal variants. Prioritizing genes through gene expression and/or chromatin interaction in brain tissues identified multiple genes associated with PAU. We identified existing medications for potential pharmacological studies by drug repurposing analysis. Cross-ancestry polygenic risk scores (PRS) showed better performance in independent sample than single-ancestry PRS. Genetic correlations between PAU and other traits were observed in multiple ancestries, with other substance use traits having the highest correlations. The analysis of diverse ancestries contributed significantly to the findings, and fills an important gap in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Rachel L. Kember
- Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Joseph D. Deak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sylvanus Toikumo
- Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kai Yuan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Penelope A. Lind
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Leila Farajzadeh
- Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alexander S. Hatoum
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jessica Johnson
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hyunjoon Lee
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Travis T. Mallard
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiayi Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Emma C. Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marco Galimberti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cecilia Dao
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Daniel F. Levey
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cassie Overstreet
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Enda M. Byrne
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nathan A. Gillespie
- Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Scott Gordon
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ian B. Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - John B. Whitfield
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Laura M. Huckins
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lea K. Davis
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Roige
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pamela A. F. Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrew C. Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah E. Medland
- Psychiatric Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicholas G. Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tian Ge
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Precision Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jordan W. Smoller
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David M. Hougaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark
- Center for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders D. Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ditte Demontis
- Department of Biomedicine - Human Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - John H. Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- National Center for PTSD, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - J. Michael Gaziano
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology and Research Information Center (MAVERIC), Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Aging and Preventative Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Howard J. Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Amy C. Justice
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Murray B. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, Psychiatry Service, San Diego, CA, USA
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- These authors jointly supervised this work
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- These authors jointly supervised this work
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Jarczak J, Miszczak M, Radwanska K. Is DNA methylation in the brain a mechanism of alcohol use disorder? Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:957203. [PMID: 36778133 PMCID: PMC9908583 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.957203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a worldwide problem. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanisms of alcohol misuse are still poorly understood, therefore successful therapeutic approaches are limited. Accumulating data indicate that the tendency for compulsive alcohol use is inherited, suggesting a genetic background as an important factor. However, the probability to develop AUD is also affected by life experience and environmental factors. Therefore, the epigenetic modifications that are altered over lifetime likely contribute to increased risk of alcohol misuse. Here, we review the literature looking for the link between DNA methylation in the brain, a common epigenetic modification, and AUD-related behaviors in humans, mice and rats. We sum up the main findings, identify the existing gaps in our knowledge and indicate future directions of the research.
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Chitre AS, Hebda-Bauer EK, Blandino P, Bimschleger H, Nguyen KM, Maras P, Li F, Ozel AB, Pan Y, Polesskaya O, Cheng R, Flagel SB, Watson SJ, Li J, Akil H, Palmer AA. Genome-wide association study in a rat model of temperament identifies multiple loci for exploratory locomotion and anxiety-like traits. Front Genet 2023; 13:1003074. [PMID: 36712851 PMCID: PMC9873817 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1003074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Common genetic factors likely contribute to multiple psychiatric diseases including mood and substance use disorders. Certain stable, heritable traits reflecting temperament, termed externalizing or internalizing, play a large role in modulating vulnerability to these disorders. To model these heritable tendencies, we selectively bred rats for high and low exploration in a novel environment [bred High Responders (bHR) vs. Low Responders (bLR)]. To identify genes underlying the response to selection, we phenotyped and genotyped 538 rats from an F2 cross between bHR and bLR. Several behavioral traits show high heritability, including the selection trait: exploratory locomotion (EL) in a novel environment. There were significant phenotypic and genetic correlations between tests that capture facets of EL and anxiety. There were also correlations with Pavlovian conditioned approach (PavCA) behavior despite the lower heritability of that trait. Ten significant and conditionally independent loci for six behavioral traits were identified. Five of the six traits reflect different facets of EL that were captured by three behavioral tests. Distance traveled measures from the open field and the elevated plus maze map onto different loci, thus may represent different aspects of novelty-induced locomotor activity. The sixth behavioral trait, number of fecal boli, is the only anxiety-related trait mapping to a significant locus on chromosome 18 within which the Pik3c3 gene is located. There were no significant loci for PavCA. We identified a missense variant in the Plekhf1 gene on the chromosome 1:95 Mb QTL and Fancf and Gas2 as potential candidate genes that may drive the chromosome 1:107 Mb QTL for EL traits. The identification of a locomotor activity-related QTL on chromosome 7 encompassing the Pkhd1l1 and Trhr genes is consistent with our previous finding of these genes being differentially expressed in the hippocampus of bHR vs. bLR rats. The strong heritability coupled with identification of several loci associated with exploratory locomotion and emotionality provide compelling support for this selectively bred rat model in discovering relatively large effect causal variants tied to elements of internalizing and externalizing behaviors inherent to psychiatric and substance use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apurva S. Chitre
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Elaine K. Hebda-Bauer
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Peter Blandino
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Hannah Bimschleger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Khai-Minh Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Pamela Maras
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Fei Li
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - A. Bilge Ozel
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yanchao Pan
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Oksana Polesskaya
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Riyan Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Shelly B. Flagel
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Stanley J. Watson
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Huda Akil
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Abraham A. Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Abraham A. Palmer,
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Bogdan R, Hatoum AS, Johnson EC, Agrawal A. The Genetically Informed Neurobiology of Addiction (GINA) model. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:40-57. [PMID: 36446900 PMCID: PMC10041646 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-022-00656-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Addictions are heritable and unfold dynamically across the lifespan. One prominent neurobiological theory proposes that substance-induced changes in neural circuitry promote the progression of addiction. Genome-wide association studies have begun to characterize the polygenic architecture undergirding addiction liability and revealed that genetic loci associated with risk can be divided into those associated with a general broad-spectrum liability to addiction and those associated with drug-specific addiction risk. In this Perspective, we integrate these genomic findings with our current understanding of the neurobiology of addiction to propose a new Genetically Informed Neurobiology of Addiction (GINA) model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Bogdan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Alexander S Hatoum
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Emma C Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Epigenetic and Proteomic Biomarkers of Elevated Alcohol Use Predict Epigenetic Aging and Cell-Type variation Better Than Self-Report. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101888. [PMID: 36292773 PMCID: PMC9601579 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption (EAC) has a generally accepted effect on morbidity and mortality, outcomes thought to be reflected in measures of epigenetic aging (EA). As the association of self-reported EAC with EA has not been consistent with these expectations, underscoring the need for readily employable non-self-report tools for accurately assessing and monitoring the contribution of EAC to accelerated EA, newly developed alcohol consumption DNA methylation indices, such as the Alcohol T Score (ATS) and Methyl DetectR (MDR), may be helpful. To test that hypothesis, we used these new indices along with the carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT), concurrent as well as past self-reports of EAC, and well-established measures of cigarette smoking to examine the relationship of EAC to both accelerated EA and immune cell counts in a cohort of 437 young Black American adults. We found that MDR, CDT, and ATS were intercorrelated, even after controlling for gender and cotinine effects. Correlations between EA and self-reported EAC were low or non-significant, replicating prior research, whereas correlations with non-self-report indices were significant and more substantial. Comparing non-self-report indices showed that the ATS predicted more than four times as much variance in EA, CDT4 cells and B-cells as for both the MDR and CDT, and better predicted indices of accelerated EA. We conclude that each of the non-self-report indices have differing predictive capacities with respect to key alcohol-related health outcomes, and that the ATS may be particularly useful for clinicians seeking to understand and prevent accelerated EA. The results also underscore the likelihood of substantial underestimates of problematic use when self-report is used and a reduction in correlations with EA and variance in cell-types.
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Bel-Bahar TS, Khan AA, Shaik RB, Parvaz MA. A scoping review of electroencephalographic (EEG) markers for tracking neurophysiological changes and predicting outcomes in substance use disorder treatment. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:995534. [PMID: 36325430 PMCID: PMC9619053 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.995534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUDs) constitute a growing global health crisis, yet many limitations and challenges exist in SUD treatment research, including the lack of objective brain-based markers for tracking treatment outcomes. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a neurophysiological technique for measuring brain activity, and although much is known about EEG activity in acute and chronic substance use, knowledge regarding EEG in relation to abstinence and treatment outcomes is sparse. We performed a scoping review of longitudinal and pre-post treatment EEG studies that explored putative changes in brain function associated with abstinence and/or treatment in individuals with SUD. Following PRISMA guidelines, we identified studies published between January 2000 and March 2022 from online databases. Search keywords included EEG, addictive substances (e.g., alcohol, cocaine, methamphetamine), and treatment related terms (e.g., abstinence, relapse). Selected studies used EEG at least at one time point as a predictor of abstinence or other treatment-related outcomes; or examined pre- vs. post-SUD intervention (brain stimulation, pharmacological, behavioral) EEG effects. Studies were also rated on the risk of bias and quality using validated instruments. Forty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. More consistent findings included lower oddball P3 and higher resting beta at baseline predicting negative outcomes, and abstinence-mediated longitudinal decrease in cue-elicited P3 amplitude and resting beta power. Other findings included abstinence or treatment-related changes in late positive potential (LPP) and N2 amplitudes, as well as in delta and theta power. Existing studies were heterogeneous and limited in terms of specific substances of interest, brief times for follow-ups, and inconsistent or sparse results. Encouragingly, in this limited but maturing literature, many studies demonstrated partial associations of EEG markers with abstinence, treatment outcomes, or pre-post treatment-effects. Studies were generally of good quality in terms of risk of bias. More EEG studies are warranted to better understand abstinence- or treatment-mediated neural changes or to predict SUD treatment outcomes. Future research can benefit from prospective large-sample cohorts and the use of standardized methods such as task batteries. EEG markers elucidating the temporal dynamics of changes in brain function related to abstinence and/or treatment may enable evidence-based planning for more effective and targeted treatments, potentially pre-empting relapse or minimizing negative lifespan effects of SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik S. Bel-Bahar
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anam A. Khan
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Riaz B. Shaik
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Muhammad A. Parvaz
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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Gaddis N, Mathur R, Marks J, Zhou L, Quach B, Waldrop A, Levran O, Agrawal A, Randesi M, Adelson M, Jeffries PW, Martin NG, Degenhardt L, Montgomery GW, Wetherill L, Lai D, Bucholz K, Foroud T, Porjesz B, Runarsdottir V, Tyrfingsson T, Einarsson G, Gudbjartsson DF, Webb BT, Crist RC, Kranzler HR, Sherva R, Zhou H, Hulse G, Wildenauer D, Kelty E, Attia J, Holliday EG, McEvoy M, Scott RJ, Schwab SG, Maher BS, Gruza R, Kreek MJ, Nelson EC, Thorgeirsson T, Stefansson K, Berrettini WH, Gelernter J, Edenberg HJ, Bierut L, Hancock DB, Johnson EO. Multi-trait genome-wide association study of opioid addiction: OPRM1 and beyond. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16873. [PMID: 36207451 PMCID: PMC9546890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid addiction (OA) is moderately heritable, yet only rs1799971, the A118G variant in OPRM1, has been identified as a genome-wide significant association with OA and independently replicated. We applied genomic structural equation modeling to conduct a GWAS of the new Genetics of Opioid Addiction Consortium (GENOA) data together with published studies (Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Million Veteran Program, and Partners Health), comprising 23,367 cases and effective sample size of 88,114 individuals of European ancestry. Genetic correlations among the various OA phenotypes were uniformly high (rg > 0.9). We observed the strongest evidence to date for OPRM1: lead SNP rs9478500 (p = 2.56 × 10-9). Gene-based analyses identified novel genome-wide significant associations with PPP6C and FURIN. Variants within these loci appear to be pleiotropic for addiction and related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Gaddis
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Ravi Mathur
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jesse Marks
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Linran Zhou
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Bryan Quach
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Alex Waldrop
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Orna Levran
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matthew Randesi
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miriam Adelson
- Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Clinic for Drug Abuse, Treatment and Research, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Paul W Jeffries
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Leah Wetherill
- Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Dongbing Lai
- Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kathleen Bucholz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Bernice Porjesz
- Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Bradley Todd Webb
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Richard C Crist
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard Sherva
- Genome Science Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gary Hulse
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dieter Wildenauer
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Erin Kelty
- School of Population and Global Health, Population and Public Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - John Attia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Holliday
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark McEvoy
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Rodney J Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Sibylle G Schwab
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Brion S Maher
- Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard Gruza
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mary Jeanne Kreek
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elliot C Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reyjavik, Iceland
| | - Wade H Berrettini
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Genetics, & Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Laura Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dana B Hancock
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Eric Otto Johnson
- GenOmics, Bioinformatics, and Translational Research Center, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
- Fellow Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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Deak JD, Levey DF, Wendt FR, Zhou H, Galimberti M, Kranzler HR, Gaziano JM, Stein MB, Polimanti R, Gelernter J. Genome-Wide Investigation of Maximum Habitual Alcohol Intake in US Veterans in Relation to Alcohol Consumption Traits and Alcohol Use Disorder. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2238880. [PMID: 36301540 PMCID: PMC9614582 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.38880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Alcohol genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have generally focused on alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorder (AUD); few have examined habitual drinking behaviors like maximum habitual alcohol intake (MaxAlc). Objectives To identify genetic loci associated with MaxAlc and to elucidate the genetic architecture across alcohol traits. Design, Setting, and Participants This MaxAlc genetic association study was performed among Million Veteran Program participants enrolled from January 10, 2011, to September 30, 2020. Ancestry-specific GWASs were conducted in participants with European (n = 218 623) and African (n = 29 132) ancestry, then meta-analyzed (N = 247 755). Linkage-disequilibrium score regression was used to estimate single nucleotide variant (SNV)-heritability and genetic correlations (rg) with other alcohol and psychiatric traits. Genomic structural equation modeling (gSEM) was used to evaluate genetic associations between MaxAlc and other alcohol traits. Mendelian randomization was used to examine potential causal relationships between MaxAlc and liver enzyme levels. MTAG (multitrait analysis of GWAS) was used to analyze MaxAlc and problematic alcohol use (PAU) jointly. Exposures Genetic associations. Main Outcomes and Measures MaxAlc was defined from the following survey item: "in a typical month, what is/was the largest number of drinks of alcohol you may have had in one day?" with ordinal responses from 0 to 15 or more drinks. Results GWASs were conducted on sample sizes of as many as 247 455 US veterans. Participants were 92.68% male and had mean (SD) age of 65.92 (11.70) years. The MaxAlc GWAS resulted in 15 genome-wide significant loci. Top associations in European-ancestry and African-ancestry participants were with known functional variants in the ADH1B gene, namely rs1229984 (P = 3.12 × 10-101) and rs2066702 (P = 6.30 × 10-17), respectively. Novel associations were also found. SNV-heritability was 6.65% (SE, 0.41) in European-ancestry participants and 3.42% (SE, 1.46) in African-ancestry participants. MaxAlc was positively correlated with PAU (rg = 0.79; P = 3.95 × 10-149) and AUD (rg = 0.76; P = 1.26 × 10-127) and had negative rg with the UK Biobank "alcohol usually taken with meals" (rg = -0.53; P = 1.40 × 10-50). For psychiatric traits, MaxAlc had the strongest genetic correlation with suicide attempt (rg = 0.40; P = 3.02 × 10-21). gSEM supported a 2-factor model with MaxAlc loading on a factor with PAU and AUD and other alcohol consumption measures loading on a separate factor. Mendelian randomization supported an association between MaxAlc and the liver enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (β = 0.012; P = 2.66 × 10-10). MaxAlc MTAG resulted in 31 genome-wide significant loci. Conclusions and Relevance The findings suggest that MaxAlc closely aligns genetically with PAU traits. This study improves understanding of the mechanisms associated with normative alcohol consumption vs problematic habitual use and AUD as well as how MaxAlc relates to psychiatric and medical conditions genetically and biologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D. Deak
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Daniel F. Levey
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Frank R. Wendt
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Hang Zhou
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Marco Galimberti
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia
- Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - J. Michael Gaziano
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology and Research Information Center (MAVERIC), Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Boston
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Aging and Preventative Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Murray B. Stein
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
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Topiwala A, Taschler B, Ebmeier KP, Smith S, Zhou H, Levey DF, Codd V, Samani NJ, Gelernter J, Nichols TE, Burgess S. Alcohol consumption and telomere length: Mendelian randomization clarifies alcohol's effects. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4001-4008. [PMID: 35879401 PMCID: PMC9718662 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01690-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol's impact on telomere length, a proposed marker of biological aging, is unclear. We performed the largest observational study to date (in n = 245,354 UK Biobank participants) and compared findings with Mendelian randomization (MR) estimates. Two-sample MR used data from 472,174 participants in a recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) of telomere length. Genetic variants were selected on the basis of associations with alcohol consumption (n = 941,280) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) (n = 57,564 cases). Non-linear MR employed UK Biobank individual data. MR analyses suggested a causal relationship between alcohol traits, more strongly for AUD, and telomere length. Higher genetically-predicted AUD (inverse variance-weighted (IVW) β = -0.06, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.10 to -0.02, p = 0.001) was associated with shorter telomere length. There was a weaker association with genetically-predicted alcoholic drinks weekly (IVW β = -0.07, CI: -0.14 to -0.01, p = 0.03). Results were consistent across methods and independent from smoking. Non-linear analyses indicated a potential threshold relationship between alcohol and telomere length. Our findings indicate that alcohol consumption may shorten telomere length. There are implications for age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Topiwala
- Nuffield Department Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
| | - B Taschler
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - K P Ebmeier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
| | - S Smith
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - H Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - D F Levey
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - V Codd
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - N J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - J Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - T E Nichols
- Nuffield Department Population Health, Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - S Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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Using Local and Global Genetic Correlation Approaches to Help Elucidate the Shared Genetic Etiology of Psychiatric and Substance Use Traits. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 92:e31-e33. [PMID: 36075672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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46
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Deak JD, Zhou H, Galimberti M, Levey DF, Wendt FR, Sanchez-Roige S, Hatoum AS, Johnson EC, Nunez YZ, Demontis D, Børglum AD, Rajagopal VM, Jennings MV, Kember RL, Justice AC, Edenberg HJ, Agrawal A, Polimanti R, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J. Genome-wide association study in individuals of European and African ancestry and multi-trait analysis of opioid use disorder identifies 19 independent genome-wide significant risk loci. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:3970-3979. [PMID: 35879402 PMCID: PMC9718667 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01709-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the large toll of opioid use disorder (OUD), genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of OUD to date have yielded few susceptibility loci. We performed a large-scale GWAS of OUD in individuals of European (EUR) and African (AFR) ancestry, optimizing genetic informativeness by performing MTAG (Multi-trait analysis of GWAS) with genetically correlated substance use disorders (SUDs). Meta-analysis included seven cohorts: the Million Veteran Program, Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, iPSYCH, FinnGen, Partners Biobank, BioVU, and Yale-Penn 3, resulting in a total N = 639,063 (Ncases = 20,686;Neffective = 77,026) across ancestries. OUD cases were defined as having a lifetime OUD diagnosis, and controls as anyone not known to meet OUD criteria. We estimated SNP-heritability (h2SNP) and genetic correlations (rg). Based on genetic correlation, we performed MTAG on OUD, alcohol use disorder (AUD), and cannabis use disorder (CanUD). A leave-one-out polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis was performed to compare OUD and OUD-MTAG PRS as predictors of OUD case status in Yale-Penn 3. The EUR meta-analysis identified three genome-wide significant (GWS; p ≤ 5 × 10-8) lead SNPs-one at FURIN (rs11372849; p = 9.54 × 10-10) and two OPRM1 variants (rs1799971, p = 4.92 × 10-09; rs79704991, p = 1.11 × 10-08; r2 = 0.02). Rs1799971 (p = 4.91 × 10-08) and another OPRM1 variant (rs9478500; p = 1.95 × 10-08; r2 = 0.03) were identified in the cross-ancestry meta-analysis. Estimated h2SNP was 12.75%, with strong rg with CanUD (rg = 0.82; p = 1.14 × 10-47) and AUD (rg = 0.77; p = 6.36 × 10-78). The OUD-MTAG resulted in a GWAS Nequivalent = 128,748 and 18 independent GWS loci, some mapping to genes or gene regions that have previously been associated with psychiatric or addiction phenotypes. The OUD-MTAG PRS accounted for 3.81% of OUD variance (beta = 0.61;s.e. = 0.066; p = 2.00 × 10-16) compared to 2.41% (beta = 0.45; s.e. = 0.058; p = 2.90 × 10-13) explained by the OUD PRS. The current study identified OUD variant associations at OPRM1, single variant associations with FURIN, and 18 GWS associations in the OUD-MTAG. The genetic architecture of OUD is likely influenced by both OUD-specific loci and loci shared across SUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Deak
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hang Zhou
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marco Galimberti
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Frank R Wendt
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Roige
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Emma C Johnson
- Washington University St. Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yaira Z Nunez
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ditte Demontis
- Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders D Børglum
- Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Veera M Rajagopal
- Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Rachel L Kember
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy C Justice
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Arpana Agrawal
- Washington University St. Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- VA Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA.
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Dong GH, Potenza MN. Considering gender differences in the study and treatment of internet gaming disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 153:25-29. [PMID: 35793576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is a multifaceted and complex addictive disorder characterized by poor impulse control and altered reward sensitivities, among other features. IGD is a male-predominant condition, and gender-related differences may contribute importantly to the development and maintenance of, and recovery from, IGD. METHODS The current manuscript proposes a framework that incorporates gender-related considerations at different stages of IGD and proposes potential strategies for the prevention and treatment of IGD. RESULTS At the development stage, high impulsivity, impaired inhibitory control, and aggressive behaviors have been more frequently observed among males than females, suggesting potential risk factors for the development of IGD. Loneliness and other emotional dysregulation have been more frequently noted among females (than among males) with IGD. At the maintenance stage, males may be more sensitive to gaming-related rewards than females, and acute gaming behaviors may elicit higher cravings among males than among females and thus weaken their inhibitory control. In recovery, females with IGD have reported more negative mood states than males, and females' gaming behaviors have been linked with affective disorders. DISCUSSIONS The model proposed here highlights gender-related differences in modulating the behavioral and neural systems that contribute to a three-stage framework of IGD. Additional investigation into gender-related differences in IGD may further advance the field by uncovering complex relationships that may underlie vulnerability and provide insights into the development of gender-specific prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Heng Dong
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders, School of Clinical Medicine and the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA; Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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48
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Zhou H, Kalayasiri R, Sun Y, Nuñez YZ, Deng HW, Chen XD, Justice AC, Kranzler HR, Chang S, Lu L, Shi J, Sanichwankul K, Mutirangura A, Malison RT, Gelernter J. Genome-wide meta-analysis of alcohol use disorder in East Asians. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:1791-1797. [PMID: 35094024 PMCID: PMC9372033 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01265-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified ~30 AUD risk genes in European populations, but many fewer in East Asians. We conducted GWAS and genome-wide meta-analysis of AUD in 13,551 subjects with East Asian ancestry, using published summary data and newly genotyped data from five cohorts: (1) electronic health record (EHR)-diagnosed AUD in the Million Veteran Program (MVP) sample; (2) DSM-IV diagnosed alcohol dependence (AD) in a Han Chinese-GSA (array) cohort; (3) AD in a Han Chinese-Cyto (array) cohort; and (4) two AD Thai cohorts. The MVP and Thai samples included newly genotyped subjects from ongoing recruitment. In total, 2254 cases and 11,297 controls were analyzed. An AUD polygenic risk score was analyzed in an independent sample with 4464 East Asians (Genetic Epidemiology Research in Adult Health and Aging (GERA)). Phenotypes from survey data and ICD-9-CM diagnoses were tested for association with the AUD PRS. Two risk loci were detected: the well-known functional variant rs1229984 in ADH1B and rs3782886 in BRAP (near the ALDH2 gene locus) are the lead variants. AUD PRS was significantly associated with days per week of alcohol consumption (beta = 0.43, SE = 0.067, p = 2.47 × 10-10) and nominally associated with pack years of smoking (beta = 0.09, SE = 0.05, p = 4.52 × 10-2) and ever vs. never smoking (beta = 0.06, SE = 0.02, p = 1.14 × 10-2). This is the largest GWAS of AUD in East Asians to date. Building on previous findings, we were able to analyze pleiotropy, but did not identify any new risk regions, underscoring the importance of recruiting additional East Asian subjects for alcohol GWAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rasmon Kalayasiri
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yan Sun
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaira Z Nuñez
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Xiang-Ding Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Amy C Justice
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Suhua Chang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shi
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Apiwat Mutirangura
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Diseases, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Robert T Malison
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
- Departments of Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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49
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Lei MK, Gibbons FX, Gerrard M, Beach SRH, Dawes K, Philibert R. Digital methylation assessments of alcohol and cigarette consumption account for common variance in accelerated epigenetic ageing. Epigenetics 2022; 17:1991-2005. [PMID: 35866695 PMCID: PMC9665121 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2022.2100684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking and Heavy Alcohol Consumption (HAC) are established risk factors for myriad complex disorders of ageing. Yet many prior studies of Epigenetic Ageing (EA) have shown only modest effects of smoking and drinking on accelerated ageing. One potential reason for this conundrum might be the reliance of some prior EA studies on self-reported substance use, which may be unreliable in many samples. To test whether novel, non-self-reported indices would show a stronger association of smoking and HAC to EA, we used methylation sensitive digital PCR (MSdPCR) and data from 437 African American subjects from Wave 7 of the Family and Community Health Study Offspring Cohort to examine the effects of subjective and objective measures of smoking and HAC on 7 indices of EA. Because of limited overall correlations between the various EA indices, we examined patterns of association separately for each index. Consistent with expectations, MSdPCR assessments of smoking and HAC, but not self-reported alcohol consumption, were strongly correlated with accelerated EA. MSdPCR assessments of smoking and HAC accounted for 57% of GrimAge acceleration and the shared variance in GrimAge and DunedinPOAM accelerated EA. We conclude that MSdPCR assessments of smoking and HAC are valuable tools for understanding EA, represent directly targetable conditions for the prevention of premature ageing, and substantially improve upon self-reported assessment of smoking and HAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Kit Lei
- Department of Sociology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Frederick X Gibbons
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Meg Gerrard
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Steven R H Beach
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kelsey Dawes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Robert Philibert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Behavioral Diagnostics LLC, Coralville, IA, USA
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50
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Banna FKE, Otto JM, Mulloy SM, Tsai W, McElroy SM, Wong AL, Cutts G, Vrieze SI, Lee AM. Back-translating GWAS findings to animal models reveals a role for Hgfac and Slc39a8 in alcohol and nicotine consumption. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9336. [PMID: 35661789 PMCID: PMC9167284 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13283-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol and tobacco are the most commonly used addictive substances, with high comorbidity rates between alcohol use disorder and tobacco use disorder. Risk for alcohol and nicotine addiction is highly heritable, and they share common genetic factors. A GWAS in over 1 million individuals has revealed 566 genetic variants in 406 loci associated with multiple stages of alcohol and tobacco use. Three novel genes-SLC39A8, GRK4 and HGFAC-within loci associated with altered alcoholic drinks per week (ADW) or cigarettes per day (CPD) were selected to further study their role in alcohol and tobacco use disorder. The role of these genes was assessed using the two-bottle choice addiction paradigm in transgenic mice for each of the genes. We found significant decreases in chronic alcohol consumption and preference in female Hgfac knockout (KO) mice, and decreased nicotine preference in male Hgfac KO compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Additionally, male Slc39a8 hypomorph mice showed greater overall nicotine preference compared with WT mice, while no differences were detected for Grk4 KO mice in alcohol or nicotine consumption and preference in either sex. Thus, this study implicates Hgfac and Slc39a8 in alcohol and tobacco use in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- F K El Banna
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J M Otto
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - S M Mulloy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - W Tsai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - S M McElroy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A L Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - G Cutts
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - S I Vrieze
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A M Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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