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Kadamani KL, Rahnamaie-Tajadod R, Eaton L, Bengtsson J, Ojaghi M, Cheng H, Pamenter ME. What can naked mole-rats teach us about ameliorating hypoxia-related human diseases? Ann N Y Acad Sci 2024. [PMID: 39269277 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Ameliorating the deleterious impact of systemic or tissue-level hypoxia or ischemia is key to preventing or treating many human diseases and pathologies. Usefully, environmental hypoxia is also a common challenge in many natural habitats; animals that are native to such hypoxic niches often exhibit strategies that enable them to thrive with limited O2 availability. Studying how such species have evolved to tolerate systemic hypoxia offers a promising avenue of discovery for novel strategies to mitigate the deleterious effects of hypoxia in human diseases and pathologies. Of particular interest are naked mole-rats, which are among the most hypoxia-tolerant mammals. Naked mole-rats that tolerate severe hypoxia in a laboratory setting are also protected against clinically relevant mimics of heart attack and stroke. The mechanisms that support this tolerance are currently being elucidated but results to date suggest that metabolic rate suppression, reprogramming of metabolic pathways, and mechanisms that defend against deleterious perturbations of cellular signaling pathways all provide layers of protection. Herein, we synthesize and discuss what is known regarding adaptations to hypoxia in the naked mole-rat cardiopulmonary system and brain, as these systems comprise both the primary means of delivering O2 to tissues and the most hypoxia-sensitive organs in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Kadamani
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Liam Eaton
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Bengtsson
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohammad Ojaghi
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hang Cheng
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew E Pamenter
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Ramonfaur D, Buckley LF, Arthur V, Yang Y, Claggett BL, Ndumele CE, Walker KA, Austin T, Odden MC, Floyd JS, Sanders-van Wijk S, Njoroge J, Kizer JR, Kitzman D, Konety SH, Schrack J, Liu F, Windham BG, Palta P, Coresh J, Yu B, Shah AM. High Throughput Plasma Proteomics and Risk of Heart Failure and Frailty in Late Life. JAMA Cardiol 2024; 9:649-658. [PMID: 38809565 PMCID: PMC11137660 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2024.1178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Importance Heart failure (HF) and frailty frequently coexist and may share a common pathobiology, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Understanding these mechanisms may provide guidance for preventing and treating both conditions. Objective To identify shared pathways between incident HF and frailty in late life using large-scale proteomics. Design, Setting, and Participants In this cohort study, 4877 aptamers (Somascan v4) were measured among participants in the community-based longitudinal Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) cohort study at visit 3 (V3; 1993-1995; n = 10 638) and at visit 5 (V5; 2011-2013; n = 3908). Analyses were externally replicated among 3189 participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). Data analysis was conducted from February 2022 to June 2023. Exposures Protein aptamers, measured at study V3 and V5. Main Outcomes and Measures Outcomes assessed included incident HF hospitalization after V3 and after V5, prevalent frailty at V5, and incident frailty between V5 and visit 6 (V6; 2016-2017; n = 4131). Frailty was assessed using the Fried criteria. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, race, field center, hypertension, diabetes, smoking status, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, prevalent coronary heart disease, prevalent atrial fibrillation, and history of myocardial infarction. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to assess potential causal effects of candidate proteins on HF and frailty. Results A total of 4877 protein aptamers were measured among 10 638 participants at V3 (mean [SD] age, 60 [6] years; 4886 [46%] men). Overall, 286 proteins were associated with incident HF after V3 (822 events; P < 1.0 × 10-5), 83 of which were also associated with incident after V5 (336 events; P < 1.7 × 10-4). Among HF-free participants at V5 (n = 3908; mean [SD] age, 75 [5] years; 1861 [42%] men), 48 of 83 HF-associated proteins were associated with prevalent frailty (223 cases; P < 6.0 × 10-4), 18 of which were also associated with incident frailty at V6 (152 cases; P < 1.0 × 10-3). These proteins enriched fibrosis and inflammation pathways and demonstrated stronger associations with incident HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) than HF with reduced ejection fraction. All 18 proteins were associated with both prevalent frailty and incident HF in CHS. MR identified potential causal effects of several proteins on frailty and HF. Conclusions and Relevance In this study, the proteins associated with risk of HF and frailty enrich for pathways related to inflammation and fibrosis as well as risk of HFpEF. Several of these proteins could potentially contribute to the shared pathophysiology of frailty and HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Ramonfaur
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Yimin Yang
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Chiadi E. Ndumele
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Keenan A. Walker
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Thomas Austin
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Michelle C. Odden
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - James S. Floyd
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Sandra Sanders-van Wijk
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, the Netherlands
| | - Joyce Njoroge
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California
| | - Jorge R. Kizer
- Division of Cardiology, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, and Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, California
| | - Dalane Kitzman
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | | | - Jennifer Schrack
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Fangyu Liu
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Priya Palta
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill
| | - Josef Coresh
- Departments of Medicine and Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Bing Yu
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston
| | - Amil M. Shah
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
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3
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Banzato R, Pinheiro-Menegasso NM, Novelli FPRS, Olivo CR, Taguchi L, de Oliveira Santos S, Fukuzaki S, Teodoro WPR, Lopes FDTQS, Tibério IFLC, de Toledo-Arruda AC, Prado MAM, Prado VF, Prado CM. Alpha-7 Nicotinic Receptor Agonist Protects Mice Against Pulmonary Emphysema Induced by Elastase. Inflammation 2024; 47:958-974. [PMID: 38227123 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary emphysema is a primary component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a life-threatening disorder characterized by lung inflammation and restricted airflow, primarily resulting from the destruction of small airways and alveolar walls. Cumulative evidence suggests that nicotinic receptors, especially the α7 subtype (α7nAChR), is required for anti-inflammatory cholinergic responses. We postulated that the stimulation of α7nAChR could offer therapeutic benefits in the context of pulmonary emphysema. To investigate this, we assessed the potential protective effects of PNU-282987, a selective α7nAChR agonist, using an experimental emphysema model. Male mice (C57BL/6) were submitted to a nasal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) (50 µl, 0.667 IU) to induce emphysema. Treatment with PNU-282987 (2.0 mg/kg, ip) was performed pre and post-emphysema induction by measuring anti-inflammatory effects (inflammatory cells, cytokines) as well as anti-remodeling and anti-oxidant effects. Elastase-induced emphysema led to an increase in the number of α7nAChR-positive cells in the lungs. Notably, both groups treated with PNU-282987 (prior to and following emphysema induction) exhibited a significant decrease in the number of α7nAChR-positive cells. Furthermore, both groups treated with PNU-282987 demonstrated decreased levels of macrophages, IL-6, IL-1β, collagen, and elastic fiber deposition. Additionally, both groups exhibited reduced STAT3 phosphorylation and lower levels of SOCS3. Of particular note, in the post-treated group, PNU-282987 successfully attenuated alveolar enlargement, decreased IL-17 and TNF-α levels, and reduced the recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells to the lung parenchyma. Significantly, it is worth noting that MLA, an antagonist of α7nAChR, counteracted the protective effects of PNU-282987 in relation to certain crucial inflammatory parameters. In summary, these findings unequivocally demonstrate the protective abilities of α7nAChR against elastase-induced emphysema, strongly supporting α7nAChR as a pivotal therapeutic target for ameliorating pulmonary emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Banzato
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalia M Pinheiro-Menegasso
- Department of Biosciences, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Silva Jardim 136 sala 312, Santos, SP, 11015-020, Brazil
| | | | - Clarice R Olivo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura Taguchi
- Department of Biosciences, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Silva Jardim 136 sala 312, Santos, SP, 11015-020, Brazil
| | - Stheffany de Oliveira Santos
- Department of Biosciences, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Silva Jardim 136 sala 312, Santos, SP, 11015-020, Brazil
| | - Silvia Fukuzaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Walcy Paganelli Rosolia Teodoro
- Rheumatology Division of the Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, FMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda D T Q S Lopes
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iolanda F L C Tibério
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Antônio M Prado
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Vânia F Prado
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Biosciences, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Silva Jardim 136 sala 312, Santos, SP, 11015-020, Brazil.
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4
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Ran B, Qin J, Wu Y, Wen F. Causal role of immune cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Mendelian randomization study. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:413-421. [PMID: 38108202 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2023.2295987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Innate and adaptive immunity play different roles in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, previous studies on the relationship between immune cells and COPD reported inconsistent results. METHODS The causal connection between 731 immune cells and COPD was established using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis through publicly accessible genetic data. The heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropism of the findings were confirmed using sensitivity analysis. RESULTS In the B-cell panel, B-cell activating factor receptor (BAFF-R) on CD20- and CD20 on IgD-CD38bright (OR (95% CI): 0.93 (0.88, 0.99) and 0.97 (0.95, 0.98), respectively) were discovered to be protective. In the cDC panel, CD62L- plasmacytoid DC AC, CD80 on monocytes and CD11c on myeloid DCs (OR (95% CI): 0.94 (0.92, 0.97), 0.97 (0.94, 0.99) and (0.97 (0.95, 0.98), respectively) exerted protective effects. However, unswitched memory AC (OR (95%CI): 1.08 (1.01,1.15)) and CD 19 on IgD- CD 27- (OR (95%CI): 1.06 (1.02,1.10)) were hazardous in the B-cell panel. However, among the 731 immune cell phenotypes, no causal relationship was found for COPD on immune cells. CONCLUSION This study found a potential causal relationship between immune cells in COPD, ruling out reverse causation. This study provides new avenues for studying the mechanisms of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Ran
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Sichuan University. Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiangyue Qin
- Department of General Practice, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Sichuan University. Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuqiang Wen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital and Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Sichuan University. Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Wang M, Song J, Yang H, Wu X, Zhang J, Wang S. Gut microbiota was highly related to the immune status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3241-3256. [PMID: 38349864 PMCID: PMC10929793 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the profile of gut microbiota and immunological state in COPD patients. 80 fecal and blood samples were collected from 40 COPD patients and 40 healthy controls (HC) and analyzed with 16s-rRNA gene sequencing and immunofactor omics analysis to investigate the profile of gut microbiota and immunologic factors (IFs). The linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LefSe) was used to determine the biomarker's taxa. The random forest and LASSO regression analysis were executed to screen IFs and develop an IFscore model. The correlation between gut microbiota and IFs, along with the IFscore and the diversity of gut microbiota, was evaluated with the Spearman analysis. The α and β diversity showed that the composition and distribution of gut microbiota in the COPD group differed from that of the HC group. 7 differential taxa at the phylum level and 17 differential taxa at the genus level were found. LefSe analysis screened out 5 biomarker's taxa. 32 differential IFs (up-regulated 27 IFs and down-regulated 5 IFs) were identified between two groups, and 5 IFs (CCL3, CXCL9, CCL7, IL2, IL4) were used to construct an IFscore model. The Spearman analysis revealed that 29 IFs were highly related to 5 biomarker's taxa and enriched in 16 pathways. Furthermore, the relationship between the IFscore and gut microbiota diversity was very close. The gut microbiota and IFs profile in COPD patients differed from that in healthy individuals. Gut microbiota was highly related to the immune status in COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Zhejiang Jinhua Guangfu Cancer Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Song
- Department of Respiratory, Zhejiang Jinhua Guangfu Cancer Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huizhen Yang
- Department of Respiratory, Zhejiang Jinhua Guangfu Cancer Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Respiratory, Zhejiang Jinhua Guangfu Cancer Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Jinhua Second People’s Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Zhejiang Jinhua Guangfu Cancer Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang, China
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6
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Gueçamburu M, Zysman M. [Biologic agents in COPD management]. Rev Mal Respir 2024; 41:127-138. [PMID: 38129268 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a frequently occurring disease entailing high morbidity and mortality, and relevant therapeutic resources are limited. As is the case with asthma, the current trend consists in the phenotyping of COPD patients so as to develop personalized medicine tailored to a given individual's inflammatory profile. The aim of this review is to summarize the role of biologic agents in the management of COPD, taking into consideration not only COPD pathophysiology, but also the previously published studies and the relatively encouraging prospects for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gueçamburu
- Service des maladies respiratoires, CHU de Bordeaux, Centre François-Magendie, hôpital Haut-Lévêque, hôpital Haut Lévèque, avenue de Magellan, 33604 Pessac, France.
| | - M Zysman
- Service des maladies respiratoires, CHU de Bordeaux, Centre François-Magendie, hôpital Haut-Lévêque, hôpital Haut Lévèque, avenue de Magellan, 33604 Pessac, France; U1045, CIC 1401, Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, 33604 Pessac, France
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7
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Qian Y, Cai C, Sun M, Lv D, Zhao Y. Analyses of Factors Associated with Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Review. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:2707-2723. [PMID: 38034468 PMCID: PMC10683659 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s433183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is the exacerbation of a range of respiratory symptoms during the stable phase of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). AECOPD is thus a dangerous stage and key event in the course of COPD, as its deterioration and frequency seriously affects the quality of life of patients and shortens their survival. Acute exacerbations occur and develop due to many factors such as infection, tobacco smoke inhalation, air pollution, comorbidities, airflow limitation, various biomarkers, history of previous deterioration, natural killer cell abnormalities, immunoglobulin G deficiency, genetics, abnormal muscle and nutritional status, negative psychology, and seasonal temperature changes. There is relatively limited research on the impact of the role of standardized management on the alleviation of AECOPD. However, with the establishment of relevant prevention and management systems and the promotion of artificial intelligence technology and Internet medical approaches, long-term effective and standardized management of COPD patients may help to achieve the quality of life and disease prognosis in COPD patients and reduce the risk of AE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Qian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenting Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengqing Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Lv
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
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de Fays C, Geudens V, Gyselinck I, Kerckhof P, Vermaut A, Goos T, Vermant M, Beeckmans H, Kaes J, Van Slambrouck J, Mohamady Y, Willems L, Aversa L, Cortesi EE, Hooft C, Aerts G, Aelbrecht C, Everaerts S, McDonough JE, De Sadeleer LJ, Gohy S, Ambroise J, Janssens W, Ceulemans LJ, Van Raemdonck D, Vos R, Hackett TL, Hogg JC, Kaminski N, Gayan-Ramirez G, Pilette C, Vanaudenaerde BM. Mucosal immune alterations at the early onset of tissue destruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275845. [PMID: 37915582 PMCID: PMC10616299 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale COPD is characterized by chronic airway inflammation, small airways changes, with disappearance and obstruction, and also distal/alveolar destruction (emphysema). The chronology by which these three features evolve with altered mucosal immunity remains elusive. This study assessed the mucosal immune defense in human control and end-stage COPD lungs, by detailed microCT and RNA transcriptomic analysis of diversely affected zones. Methods In 11 control (non-used donors) and 11 COPD (end-stage) explant frozen lungs, 4 cylinders/cores were processed per lung for microCT and tissue transcriptomics. MicroCT was used to quantify tissue percentage and alveolar surface density to classify the COPD cores in mild, moderate and severe alveolar destruction groups, as well as to quantify terminal bronchioles in each group. Transcriptomics of each core assessed fold changes in innate and adaptive cells and pathway enrichment score between control and COPD cores. Immunostainings of immune cells were performed for validation. Results In mildly affected zones, decreased defensins and increased mucus production were observed, along CD8+ T cell accumulation and activation of the IgA pathway. In more severely affected zones, CD68+ myeloid antigen-presenting cells, CD4+ T cells and B cells, as well as MHCII and IgA pathway genes were upregulated. In contrast, terminal bronchioles were decreased in all COPD cores. Conclusion Spatial investigation of end-stage COPD lungs show that mucosal defense dysregulation with decreased defensins and increased mucus and IgA responses, start concomitantly with CD8+ T-cell accumulation in mild emphysema zones, where terminal bronchioles are already decreased. In contrast, adaptive Th and B cell activation is observed in areas with more advanced tissue destruction. This study suggests that in COPD innate immune alterations occur early in the tissue destruction process, which affects both the alveoli and the terminal bronchioles, before the onset of an adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte de Fays
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vincent Geudens
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Iwein Gyselinck
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieterjan Kerckhof
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Astrid Vermaut
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tinne Goos
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marie Vermant
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanne Beeckmans
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Janne Kaes
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Van Slambrouck
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yousry Mohamady
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lynn Willems
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucia Aversa
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emanuela E. Cortesi
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Hooft
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gitte Aerts
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Celine Aelbrecht
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephanie Everaerts
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - John E. McDonough
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Laurens J. De Sadeleer
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sophie Gohy
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jerome Ambroise
- Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Wim Janssens
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laurens J. Ceulemans
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Van Raemdonck
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robin Vos
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tillie L. Hackett
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James C. Hogg
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart M. Vanaudenaerde
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, BREATHE, Department of CHROMETA, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Ryu S, Lim M, Kim J, Kim HY. Versatile roles of innate lymphoid cells at the mucosal barrier: from homeostasis to pathological inflammation. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1845-1857. [PMID: 37696896 PMCID: PMC10545731 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01022-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are innate lymphocytes that do not express antigen-specific receptors and largely reside and self-renew in mucosal tissues. ILCs can be categorized into three groups (ILC1-3) based on the transcription factors that direct their functions and the cytokines they produce. Their signature transcription factors and cytokines closely mirror those of their Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell counterparts. Accumulating studies show that ILCs are involved in not only the pathogenesis of mucosal tissue diseases, especially respiratory diseases, and colitis, but also the resolution of such diseases. Here, we discuss recent advances regarding our understanding of the biology of ILCs in mucosal tissue health and disease. In addition, we describe the current research on the immune checkpoints by which other cells regulate ILC activities: for example, checkpoint molecules are potential new targets for therapies that aim to control ILCs in mucosal diseases. In addition, we review approved and clinically- trialed drugs and drugs in clinical trials that can target ILCs and therefore have therapeutic potential in ILC-mediated diseases. Finally, since ILCs also play important roles in mucosal tissue homeostasis, we explore the hitherto sparse research on cell therapy with regulatory ILCs. This review highlights various therapeutic approaches that could be used to treat ILC-mediated mucosal diseases and areas of research that could benefit from further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwon Ryu
- Department of Microbiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - MinYeong Lim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jinwoo Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea.
- CIRNO, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea.
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10
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Maetani T, Tanabe N, Sato A, Shiraishi Y, Sakamoto R, Ogawa E, Sakai H, Matsumoto H, Sato S, Date H, Hirai T, Muro S. Association between blood eosinophil count and small airway eosinophils in smokers with and without COPD. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00235-2023. [PMID: 37868149 PMCID: PMC10588801 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00235-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Airway eosinophilic inflammation is a pathological feature in a subgroup of patients with COPD and in some smokers with a high COPD risk. Although blood eosinophil count is used to define eosinophilic COPD, the association between blood eosinophil count and airway eosinophilic inflammation remains controversial. This cross-sectional study tested this association in smokers with and without COPD while considering potential confounders, such as smoking status and comorbidities. Methods Lung specimens were obtained from smokers with and without COPD and non-COPD never-smokers undergoing lung lobectomy. Those with any asthma history were excluded. The infiltration of eosinophils into the small airway wall was quantified on histological sections stained with major basic protein (MBP). Results The number of airway MBP-positive cells was greater in smokers (n=60) than in never-smokers (n=14). Smokers with and without COPD (n=30 each) exhibited significant associations between blood eosinophil count and airway MBP-positive cells (ρ=0.45 and 0.71). When smokers were divided into the high and low airway MBP groups based on their median value, blood eosinophil count was higher in the high-MBP group, with no difference in age, smoking status, comorbidities, emphysema or coronary artery calcification on computed tomography, and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use. The association between greater blood eosinophil count and the high-MBP group was confirmed in multivariable models adjusted for smoking status, airflow limitation and ICS use. Conclusion The blood eosinophil count may reflect eosinophilic inflammation in the small airways in smokers with and without COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Maetani
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Tanabe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsuyasu Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shiraishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Sakamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Emiko Ogawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, Amagasaki, Japan
| | - Hisako Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Susumu Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Date
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeo Muro
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nara Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Nara, Japan
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11
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Booth S, Hsieh A, Mostaco-Guidolin L, Koo HK, Wu K, Aminazadeh F, Yang CX, Quail D, Wei Y, Cooper JD, Paré PD, Hogg JC, Vasilescu DM, Hackett TL. A Single-Cell Atlas of Small Airway Disease in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 208:472-486. [PMID: 37406359 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202303-0534oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Emerging data demonstrate that the smallest conducting airways, terminal bronchioles, are the early site of tissue destruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are reduced by as much as 41% by the time someone is diagnosed with mild (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD] stage 1) COPD. Objectives: To develop a single-cell atlas that describes the structural, cellular, and extracellular matrix alterations underlying terminal bronchiole loss in COPD. Methods: This cross-sectional study of 262 lung samples derived from 34 ex-smokers with normal lung function (n = 10) or GOLD stage 1 (n = 10), stage 2 (n = 8), or stage 4 (n = 6) COPD was performed to assess the morphology, extracellular matrix, single-cell atlas, and genes associated with terminal bronchiole reduction using stereology, micro-computed tomography, nonlinear optical microscopy, imaging mass spectrometry, and transcriptomics. Measurements and Main Results: The lumen area of terminal bronchioles progressively narrows with COPD severity as a result of the loss of elastin fibers within alveolar attachments, which was observed before microscopic emphysematous tissue destruction in GOLD stage 1 and 2 COPD. The single-cell atlas of terminal bronchioles in COPD demonstrated M1-like macrophages and neutrophils located within alveolar attachments and associated with the pathobiology of elastin fiber loss, whereas adaptive immune cells (naive, CD4, and CD8 T cells, and B cells) are associated with terminal bronchiole wall remodeling. Terminal bronchiole pathology was associated with the upregulation of genes involved in innate and adaptive immune responses, the interferon response, and the degranulation of neutrophils. Conclusions: This comprehensive single-cell atlas highlights terminal bronchiole alveolar attachments as the initial site of tissue destruction in centrilobular emphysema and an attractive target for disease modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Booth
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and
| | - Aileen Hsieh
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and
| | - Leila Mostaco-Guidolin
- Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hyun-Kyoung Koo
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and
| | - Keith Wu
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and
| | - Fatemeh Aminazadeh
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and
| | | | - Daniela Quail
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; and
| | - Yuhong Wei
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada; and
| | - Joel D Cooper
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - James C Hogg
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation
- Department of Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Dragoş M Vasilescu
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation
- Department of Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tillie-Louise Hackett
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and
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12
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Kayongo A, Nyiro B, Siddharthan T, Kirenga B, Checkley W, Lutaakome Joloba M, Ellner J, Salgame P. Mechanisms of lung damage in tuberculosis: implications for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1146571. [PMID: 37415827 PMCID: PMC10320222 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1146571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for COPD. Severe lung function impairment has been reported in post-TB patients. Despite increasing evidence to support the association between TB and COPD, only a few studies describe the immunological basis of COPD among TB patients following successful treatment completion. In this review, we draw on well-elaborated Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced immune mechanisms in the lungs to highlight shared mechanisms for COPD pathogenesis in the setting of tuberculosis disease. We further examine how such mechanisms could be exploited to guide COPD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Kayongo
- Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Lung Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Brian Nyiro
- Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Trishul Siddharthan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Bruce Kirenga
- Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Lung Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - William Checkley
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Center for Global Non-Communicable Disease Research and Training, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Moses Lutaakome Joloba
- Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Lung Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jerrold Ellner
- Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Padmini Salgame
- Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
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13
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Kheradmand F, Zhang Y, Corry DB. Contribution of adaptive immunity to human COPD and experimental models of emphysema. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1059-1093. [PMID: 36201635 PMCID: PMC9886356 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00036.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the undisputed role of innate immune cells in this condition have dominated the field in the basic research arena for many years. Recently, however, compelling data suggesting that adaptive immune cells may also contribute to the progressive nature of lung destruction associated with COPD in smokers have gained considerable attention. The histopathological changes in the lungs of smokers can be limited to the large or small airways, but alveolar loss leading to emphysema, which occurs in some individuals, remains its most significant and irreversible outcome. Critically, however, the question of why emphysema progresses in a subset of former smokers remained a mystery for many years. The recognition of activated and organized tertiary T- and B-lymphoid aggregates in emphysematous lungs provided the first clue that adaptive immune cells may play a crucial role in COPD pathophysiology. Based on these findings from human translational studies, experimental animal models of emphysema were used to determine the mechanisms through which smoke exposure initiates and orchestrates adaptive autoreactive inflammation in the lungs. These models have revealed that T helper (Th)1 and Th17 subsets promote a positive feedback loop that activates innate immune cells, confirming their role in emphysema pathogenesis. Results from genetic studies and immune-based discoveries have further provided strong evidence for autoimmunity induction in smokers with emphysema. These new findings offer a novel opportunity to explore the mechanisms underlying the inflammatory landscape in the COPD lung and offer insights for development of precision-based treatment to halt lung destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrah Kheradmand
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - David B Corry
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas
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14
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Papazoglou AS, Karagiannidis E, Liatsos A, Bompoti A, Moysidis DV, Arvanitidis C, Tsolaki F, Tsagkaropoulos S, Theocharis S, Tagarakis G, Michaelson JS, Herrmann MD. Volumetric Tissue Imaging of Surgical Tissue Specimens Using Micro-Computed Tomography: An Emerging Digital Pathology Modality for Nondestructive, Slide-Free Microscopy-Clinical Applications of Digital Pathology in 3 Dimensions. Am J Clin Pathol 2023; 159:242-254. [PMID: 36478204 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqac143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a novel, nondestructive, slide-free digital imaging modality that enables the acquisition of high-resolution, volumetric images of intact surgical tissue specimens. The aim of this systematic mapping review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the available literature on clinical applications of micro-CT tissue imaging and to assess its relevance and readiness for pathology practice. METHODS A computerized literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CENTRAL databases. To gain insight into regulatory and financial considerations for performing and examining micro-CT imaging procedures in a clinical setting, additional searches were performed in medical device databases. RESULTS Our search identified 141 scientific articles published between 2000 and 2021 that described clinical applications of micro-CT tissue imaging. The number of relevant publications is progressively increasing, with the specialties of pulmonology, cardiology, otolaryngology, and oncology being most commonly concerned. The included studies were mostly performed in pathology departments. Current micro-CT devices have already been cleared for clinical use, and a Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code exists for reimbursement of micro-CT imaging procedures. CONCLUSIONS Micro-CT tissue imaging enables accurate volumetric measurements and evaluations of entire surgical specimens at microscopic resolution across a wide range of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Efstratios Karagiannidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Liatsos
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreana Bompoti
- Diagnostic Imaging, Peterborough City Hospital, North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Peterborough, UK
| | - Dimitrios V Moysidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Arvanitidis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,LifeWatch ERIC, Sector II-II, Seville, Spain
| | - Fani Tsolaki
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, National and Kapoditrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Tagarakis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - James S Michaelson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Markus D Herrmann
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Kayongo A, Robertson NM, Siddharthan T, Ntayi ML, Ndawula JC, Sande OJ, Bagaya BS, Kirenga B, Mayanja-Kizza H, Joloba ML, Forslund SK. Airway microbiome-immune crosstalk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1085551. [PMID: 36741369 PMCID: PMC9890194 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1085551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has significantly contributed to global mortality, with three million deaths reported annually. This impact is expected to increase over the next 40 years, with approximately 5 million people predicted to succumb to COPD-related deaths annually. Immune mechanisms driving disease progression have not been fully elucidated. Airway microbiota have been implicated. However, it is still unclear how changes in the airway microbiome drive persistent immune activation and consequent lung damage. Mechanisms mediating microbiome-immune crosstalk in the airways remain unclear. In this review, we examine how dysbiosis mediates airway inflammation in COPD. We give a detailed account of how airway commensal bacteria interact with the mucosal innate and adaptive immune system to regulate immune responses in healthy or diseased airways. Immune-phenotyping airway microbiota could advance COPD immunotherapeutics and identify key open questions that future research must address to further such translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Kayongo
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | | | - Trishul Siddharthan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Moses Levi Ntayi
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda,Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Josephine Caren Ndawula
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Obondo J. Sande
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bernard S. Bagaya
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bruce Kirenga
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Harriet Mayanja-Kizza
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Moses L. Joloba
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sofia K. Forslund
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation of Charité - Universitatsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany,Charité-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany,*Correspondence: Sofia K. Forslund,
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16
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Jasemi SV, Khazaei H, Momtaz S, Farzaei MH, Echeverría J. Natural products in the treatment of pulmonary emphysema: Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:153988. [PMID: 35217434 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a class of lung diseases including chronic bronchitis, asthma, and emphysema. Long-time smoking is considered the main reason for developing emphysema. Emphysema can be defined as damage to the walls of the air sacs (alveoli) of the lung. It has been demonstrated that natural compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects can effectively improve or protect the lung against this disease. This paper is dedicated to systematically review the effective natural compounds in the treatment of pulmonary emphysema. PURPOSE This is the first systematic and comprehensive review on the role of plant-derived secondary metabolites in managing and/or treating pulmonary emphysema STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A systematic and comprehensive review was done based on Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases were searched using the "emphysema", "plant", "herb", and "phytochemical" keywords. Non-English, review, and repetitive articles were excluded from the study. Search results were included in the Prisma diagram. RESULTS From a total of 1285 results, finally, 22 articles were included in the present study. The results show that some herbs such as Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Monascus adlay and some phytochemicals such as gallic acid and quercetin and blackboard tree indole alkaloids affect more factors in improving the lung emphysema. Also, some natural compounds such as marijuana smoke and humic acid also play an aggravating role in this disease. It also seems that some of the medicinal plants such as PM014 herbal formula, pomegranate juice and açaí berry sometimes have side effects that are inconsistent with their therapeutic effects. CONCLUSION We concluded that natural compounds can effectively improve pulmonary emphysema due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. However, additional studies are suggested to prove efficacy and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Vahid Jasemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Hosna Khazaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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17
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Zhang Y, Xia R, Lv M, Li Z, Jin L, Chen X, Han Y, Shi C, Jiang Y, Jin S. Machine-Learning Algorithm-Based Prediction of Diagnostic Gene Biomarkers Related to Immune Infiltration in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:740513. [PMID: 35350787 PMCID: PMC8957805 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.740513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to identify clinically relevant diagnostic biomarkers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) while exploring how immune cell infiltration contributes towards COPD pathogenesis. Methods The GEO database provided two human COPD gene expression datasets (GSE38974 and GSE76925; n=134) along with the relevant controls (n=49) for differentially expressed gene (DEG) analyses. Candidate biomarkers were identified using the support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) analysis and the LASSO regression model. The discriminatory ability was determined using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values. These candidate biomarkers were characterized in the GSE106986 dataset (14 COPD patients and 5 controls) in terms of their respective diagnostic values and expression levels. The CIBERSORT program was used to estimate patterns of tissue infiltration of 22 types of immune cells. Furthermore, the in vivo and in vitro model of COPD was established using cigarette smoke extract (CSE) to validated the bioinformatics results. Results 80 genes were identified via DEG analysis that were primarily involved in cellular amino acid and metabolic processes, regulation of telomerase activity and phagocytosis, antigen processing and MHC class I-mediated peptide antigen presentation, and other biological processes. LASSO and SVM-RFE were used to further characterize the candidate diagnostic markers for COPD, SLC27A3, and STAU1. SLC27A3 and STAU1 were found to be diagnostic markers of COPD in the metadata cohort (AUC=0.734, AUC=0.745). Their relevance in COPD were validated in the GSE106986 dataset (AUC=0.900 AUC=0.971). Subsequent analysis of immune cell infiltration discovered an association between SLC27A3 and STAU1 with resting NK cells, plasma cells, eosinophils, activated mast cells, memory B cells, CD8+, CD4+, and helper follicular T-cells. The expressions of SLC27A3 and STAU1 were upregulated in COPD models both in vivo and in vitro. Immune infiltration activation was observed in COPD models, accompanied by the enhanced expression of SLC27A3 and STAU1. Whereas, the knockdown of SLC27A3 or STAU1 attenuated the effect of CSE on BEAS-2B cells. Conclusion STUA1 and SLC27A3 are valuable diagnostic biomarkers of COPD. COPD pathogenesis is heavily influenced by patterns of immune cell infiltration. This study provides a molecular biology insight into COPD occurrence and in exploring new therapeutic means useful in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuepeng Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rongyao Xia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Meiyu Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lingling Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueda Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yaqian Han
- School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Chunpeng Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine- Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine- Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Shoude Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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18
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DI Stefano A, Gnemmi I, Dossena F, Ricciardolo FL, Maniscalco M, Lo Bello F, Balbi B. Pathogenesis of COPD at the cellular and molecular level. Minerva Med 2022; 113:405-423. [PMID: 35138077 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.22.07927-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory responses in the lung of patients with stable mild-to severe forms of COPD play a central role in the definition, comprehension and monitoring of the disease state. A better understanding of the COPD pathogenesis can't avoid a detailed knowledge of these inflammatory changes altering the functional health of the lung during the disease progression. We here summarize and discuss the role and principal functions of the inflammatory cells populating the large, small airways and lung parenchyma of patients with COPD of increasing severity in comparison with healthy control subjects: T and B lymphocytes, NK and Innate Lymphoid cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. The differential inflammatory distribution in large and small airways of patients is also discussed. Furthermore, relevant cellular mechanisms controlling the homeostasis and the "normal" balance of these inflammatory cells and of structural cells in the lung, such as autophagy, apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis are as well presented and discussed in the context of the COPD severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino DI Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Veruno, Novara, Italy -
| | - Isabella Gnemmi
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Veruno, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesca Dossena
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Veruno, Novara, Italy
| | - Fabio L Ricciardolo
- Rare Lung Disease Unit and Severe Asthma Centre, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Gonzaga University Hospital Orbassano, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Divisione di Pneumologia, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Telese, Benevento, Italy
| | - Federica Lo Bello
- Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Bruno Balbi
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Veruno, Novara, Italy
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19
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Suzuki M, Cole JJ, Konno S, Makita H, Kimura H, Nishimura M, Maciewicz RA. Large-scale plasma proteomics can reveal distinct endotypes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severe asthma. Clin Transl Allergy 2021; 11:e12091. [PMID: 34962717 PMCID: PMC8686766 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic airway diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are heterogenous in nature and endotypes within are underpinned by complex biology. This study aimed to investigate the utility of proteomic profiling of plasma combined with bioinformatic mining, and to define molecular endotypes and expand our knowledge of the underlying biology in chronic respiratory diseases. METHODS The plasma proteome was evaluated using an aptamer-based affinity proteomics platform (SOMAscan®), representing 1238 proteins in 34 subjects with stable COPD and 51 subjects with stable but severe asthma. For each disease, we evaluated a range of clinical/demographic characteristics including bronchodilator reversibility, blood eosinophilia levels, and smoking history. We applied modified bioinformatic approaches used in the evaluation of RNA transcriptomics. RESULTS Subjects with COPD and severe asthma were distinguished from each other by 365 different protein abundancies, with differential pathway networks and upstream modulators. Furthermore, molecular endotypes within each disease could be defined. The protein groups that defined these endotypes had both known and novel biology including groups significantly enriched in exosomal markers derived from immune/inflammatory cells. Finally, we observed associations to clinical characteristics that previously have been under-explored. CONCLUSION This investigational study evaluating the plasma proteome in clinically-phenotyped subjects with chronic airway diseases provides support that such a method can be used to define molecular endotypes and pathobiological mechanisms that underpins these endotypes. It provided new concepts about the complexity of molecular pathways that define these diseases. In the longer term, such information will help to refine treatment options for defined groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Suzuki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| | - John J. Cole
- GLAZgo Discovery CentreUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Satoshi Konno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| | - Hironi Makita
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
- Hokkaido Medical Research Institute for Respiratory DiseasesSapporoJapan
| | - Hiroki Kimura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
| | - Masaharu Nishimura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan
- Hokkaido Medical Research Institute for Respiratory DiseasesSapporoJapan
| | - Rose A. Maciewicz
- GLAZgo Discovery CentreUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech UnitAstraZenecaGothenburgSweden
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20
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Kim T, Kim J, Kim JH. Characteristics and Prevalence of Early Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Middle-Aged Population: Results from a Nationwide-Representative Sample. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:3083-3091. [PMID: 34803377 PMCID: PMC8594899 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s338118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Few studies have examined the prevalence and associated factors of early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Asians. Objective To evaluate the prevalence of early COPD and its associated factors among non-institutionalized middle-aged Korean adults. Methods A total of 3195 participants aged 40–49 years from the 2016–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included in this study. Patients (1) aged less than 50 years, (2) with a minimum of 10 pack-years of smoking, and (3) with forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) below the lower limit of normal were diagnosed with early COPD. The prevalence and odds ratio (OR) for early COPD were measured using multivariate logistic regression analysis, and the demographic data, anthropometric measurements, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle factors were considered covariates. Results The overall prevalence of early COPD among the middle-aged Korean population was 2.4% (4.4% in men and 0.4% in women), while that in participants with ≥10 pack-years was 8.2% (8.1% in men and 11.3% in women). A multivariate logistic regression model showed that male sex, urban residence, chronic sputum production, and hypertriglyceridemia were associated with increased ORs for early COPD in middle-aged, non-institutionalized Korean adults. Conclusion Early COPD is prevalent among middle-aged smokers in Korea. Efforts are needed to reduce the potential negative effects of early COPD on public health in Korea and other Asian countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyun Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Armed Forces Goyang Hospital, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Jehun Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jun Hyeong Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Busan Veterans Hospital, Busan, South Korea
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21
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Bompoti A, Papazoglou AS, Moysidis DV, Otountzidis N, Karagiannidis E, Stalikas N, Panteris E, Ganesh V, Sanctuary T, Arvanitidis C, Sianos G, Michaelson JS, Herrmann MD. Volumetric Imaging of Lung Tissue at Micrometer Resolution: Clinical Applications of Micro-CT for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11112075. [PMID: 34829422 PMCID: PMC8625264 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11112075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a promising novel medical imaging modality that allows for non-destructive volumetric imaging of surgical tissue specimens at high spatial resolution. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the clinical applications of micro-CT for the tissue-based diagnosis of lung diseases. This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, aiming to include every clinical study reporting on micro-CT imaging of human lung tissues. A literature search yielded 570 candidate articles, out of which 37 were finally included in the review. Of the selected studies, 9 studies explored via micro-CT imaging the morphology and anatomy of normal human lung tissue; 21 studies investigated microanatomic pulmonary alterations due to obstructive or restrictive lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis; and 7 studies examined the utility of micro-CT imaging in assessing lung cancer lesions (n = 4) or in transplantation-related pulmonary alterations (n = 3). The selected studies reported that micro-CT could successfully detect several lung diseases providing three-dimensional images of greater detail and resolution than routine optical slide microscopy, and could additionally provide valuable volumetric insight in both restrictive and obstructive lung diseases. In conclusion, micro-CT-based volumetric measurements and qualitative evaluations of pulmonary tissue structures can be utilized for the clinical management of a variety of lung diseases. With micro-CT devices becoming more accessible, the technology has the potential to establish itself as a core diagnostic imaging modality in pathology and to enable integrated histopathologic and radiologic assessment of lung cancer and other lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreana Bompoti
- Department of Radiology, Peterborough City Hospital, Northwest Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Peterborough PE3 9GZ, UK;
| | - Andreas S. Papazoglou
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (N.O.); (E.K.); (N.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Dimitrios V. Moysidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (N.O.); (E.K.); (N.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Nikolaos Otountzidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (N.O.); (E.K.); (N.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Efstratios Karagiannidis
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (N.O.); (E.K.); (N.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Nikolaos Stalikas
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (N.O.); (E.K.); (N.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Eleftherios Panteris
- Biomic_AUTh, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center B1.4, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Rd., P.O. Box 8318, GR 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | | | - Thomas Sanctuary
- Respiratory Department, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Kent ME7 5NY, UK;
| | - Christos Arvanitidis
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC), 70013 Heraklion, Greece;
- LifeWatch ERIC, Sector II-II, Plaza de España, 41071 Seville, Spain
| | - Georgios Sianos
- First Department of Cardiology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, St. Kiriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.S.P.); (D.V.M.); (N.O.); (E.K.); (N.S.); (G.S.)
| | - James S. Michaelson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Markus D. Herrmann
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +6-17-724-1896
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22
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Macowan MG, Liu H, Keller MD, Ween M, Hamon R, Tran HB, Hodge S. Interventional low-dose azithromycin attenuates cigarette smoke-induced emphysema and lung inflammation in mice. Physiol Rep 2021; 8:e14419. [PMID: 32652854 PMCID: PMC7354087 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS)‐induced emphysema is an important contributor to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We have shown the efficacy of azithromycin in reducing airway inflammation in COPD and in reducing exacerbations in severe asthma; however, the effects of long‐term azithromycin on emphysema development have not been shown. We employed live animal imaging to monitor emphysema‐like development and the effects of interventional azithromycin treatment in CS‐exposed mice. BALB/c mice (female, 10 weeks; n = 10) were exposed to CS for 1 hr twice daily, 5 days/week, and for 12 weeks (CS). Half were cotreated with low‐dose azithromycin during weeks 7–12 (CS + Azi; 0.2 mg kg−1 day−1). Microcomputed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were acquired longitudinally. Histological examinations were performed post mortem (mean linear intercept (Lm) and leukocyte infiltration). CS increased median Lm (CS: 42.45 µm versus control: 34.7 µm; p = .0317), this was recovered in CS + Azi mice (33.03 µm). Average CT values were reduced in CS mice (CS: −399.5 Hounsfield units (HU) versus control: −384.9 HU; p = .0286) but not in CS + Azi mice (−377.3 HU). CT values negatively correlated with Lm (r = −.7972; p = .0029) and T2‐weighted MRI (r = −.6434; p = .0278). MRI also showed significant CS‐induced inflammatory changes that were attenuated by azithromycin in the lungs, and positively correlated with Lm (r = .7622; p = .0055) and inflammatory foci counts (r = .6503; p = .0257). Monitoring of emphysema development is possible via micro‐CT and MRI. Interventional azithromycin treatment in CS‐exposed mice attenuated the development of pulmonary emphysema‐like changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Macowan
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Marianne D Keller
- Preclinical, Imaging and Research Laboratories (PIRL), South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Miranda Ween
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rhys Hamon
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hai B Tran
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sandra Hodge
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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23
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Kim J, Ryu S, Kim HY. Innate Lymphoid Cells in Tissue Homeostasis and Disease Pathogenesis. Mol Cells 2021; 44:301-309. [PMID: 33972473 PMCID: PMC8175152 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2021.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are the most recently discovered family of innate immune cells. ILCs can be categorized into three groups on the basis of the transcription factors that direct their functions and the cytokines they produce. Notably, these functions parallel the effector functions of T lymphocytes. ILCs play a frontline role in host defense and tissue homeostasis by responding rapidly to environmental factors, conducting effector responses in a tissue-specific manner, and interacting with hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells throughout the body. Moreover, recent studies reveal that ILCs are involved in development of various inflammatory diseases, such as respiratory diseases, autoimmune diseases, or cancer. In this review, we discuss the recent findings regarding the biology of ILCs in health and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Seungwon Ryu
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Korea
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24
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Semenzato U, Biondini D, Bazzan E, Tiné M, Balestro E, Buldini B, Carizzo SJ, Cubero P, Marin-Oto M, Casara A, Baraldo S, Turato G, Gregori D, Marin JM, Cosio MG, Saetta M. Low-Blood Lymphocyte Number and Lymphocyte Decline as Key Factors in COPD Outcomes: A Longitudinal Cohort Study. Respiration 2021; 100:618-630. [PMID: 33902057 DOI: 10.1159/000515180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smokers with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at risk of severe outcomes like exacerbations, cancer, respiratory failure, and decreased survival. The mechanisms for these outcomes are unclear; however, there is evidence that blood lymphocytes (BL) number might play a role. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between BL and their possible decline over time with long-term outcomes in smokers with and without COPD. METHODS In 511 smokers, 302 with COPD (COPD) and 209 without COPD (noCOPD), followed long term, we investigated whether BL number and BL decline over time might be associated with long-term outcomes. Smokers were divided according to BL number in high-BL (≥1,800 cells/µL) and low-BL (<1,800 cells/µL). Clinical features, cancer incidence, and mortality were recorded during follow-up. BL count in multiple samples and BL decline over time were calculated and related to outcomes. RESULTS BL count was lower in COPD (1,880 cells/µL) than noCOPD (2,300 cells/µL; p < 0.001). 43% of COPD and 23% of noCOPD had low-BL count (p < 0.001). BL decline over time was higher in COPD than noCOPD (p = 0.040). 22.5% of the whole cohort developed cancer which incidence was higher in low-BL subjects and in BL decliners than high-BL (31 vs. 18%; p = 0.001) and no decliners (32 vs. 19%; p = 0.002). 26% in the cohort died during follow-up. Furthermore, low-BL count, BL decline, and age were independent risk factors for mortality by Cox regression analysis. CONCLUSION BL count and BL decline are related to worse outcomes in smokers with and without COPD, which suggests that BL count and decline might play a mechanistic role in outcomes deterioration. Insights into mechanisms inducing the fall in BL count could improve the understanding of COPD pathogenesis and point toward new therapeutic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Semenzato
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Biondini
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Erica Bazzan
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mariaenrica Tiné
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Balestro
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Buldini
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Santiago J Carizzo
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IISAragon, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Cubero
- Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, IISAragon, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marta Marin-Oto
- Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, IISAragon, Zaragoza, Spain.,Departamento de Neumología, Clinico Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alvise Casara
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Simonetta Baraldo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Graziella Turato
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Dario Gregori
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Jose M Marin
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, IISAragon, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, IISAragon, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Manuel G Cosio
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Respiratory Division, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marina Saetta
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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25
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Li X, Noell G, Tabib T, Gregory AD, Trejo Bittar HE, Vats R, Kaminski TW, Sembrat J, Snyder ME, Chandra D, Chen K, Zou C, Zhang Y, Sundd P, McDyer JF, Sciurba F, Rojas M, Lafyatis R, Shapiro SD, Faner R, Nyunoya T. Single cell RNA sequencing identifies IGFBP5 and QKI as ciliated epithelial cell genes associated with severe COPD. Respir Res 2021; 22:100. [PMID: 33823868 PMCID: PMC8022543 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01675-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Whole lung tissue transcriptomic profiling studies in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have led to the identification of several genes associated with the severity of airflow limitation and/or the presence of emphysema, however, the cell types driving these gene expression signatures remain unidentified. Methods To determine cell specific transcriptomic changes in severe COPD, we conducted single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq) on n = 29,961 cells from the peripheral lung parenchymal tissue of nonsmoking subjects without underlying lung disease (n = 3) and patients with severe COPD (n = 3). The cell type composition and cell specific gene expression signature was assessed. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to identify the specific cell types contributing to the previously reported transcriptomic signatures. Results T-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding and clustering of scRNA seq data revealed a total of 17 distinct populations. Among them, the populations with more differentially expressed genes in cases vs. controls (log fold change >|0.4| and FDR = 0.05) were: monocytes (n = 1499); macrophages (n = 868) and ciliated epithelial cells (n = 590), respectively. Using GSEA, we found that only ciliated and cytotoxic T cells manifested a trend towards enrichment of the previously reported 127 regional emphysema gene signatures (normalized enrichment score [NES] = 1.28 and = 1.33, FDR = 0.085 and = 0.092 respectively). Among the significantly altered genes present in ciliated epithelial cells of the COPD lungs, QKI and IGFBP5 protein levels were also found to be altered in the COPD lungs. Conclusions scRNA seq is useful for identifying transcriptional changes and possibly individual protein levels that may contribute to the development of emphysema in a cell-type specific manner. ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-021-01675-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Guillaume Noell
- Centro Investigación Biomedica en Red (CIBERES), Institut D'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tracy Tabib
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Alyssa D Gregory
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | | | - Ravi Vats
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tomasz W Kaminski
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John Sembrat
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Mark E Snyder
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Divay Chandra
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Kong Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Chunbin Zou
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Prithu Sundd
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John F McDyer
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Frank Sciurba
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Steve D Shapiro
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Rosa Faner
- Centro Investigación Biomedica en Red (CIBERES), Institut D'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toru Nyunoya
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, NW628 UPMC Montefiore, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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26
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Kang HS, Bak SH, Oh HY, Lim MN, Cha YK, Yoon HJ, Kim WJ. Computed tomography-based visual assessment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: comparison with pulmonary function test and quantitative computed tomography. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:1495-1506. [PMID: 33841942 PMCID: PMC8024830 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-3041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has variable subtypes involving mixture of large airway inflammation, small airway disease, and emphysema. This study evaluated the relationship between visually assessed computed tomography (CT) subtypes and clinical/imaging characteristics. Methods In total, 452 participants were enrolled in this study between 2012 and 2017. Seven subtypes were defined by visual evaluation of CT images using Fleischner Society classification: normal, paraseptal emphysema (PSE), bronchial disease, and centrilobular emphysema (trace, mild, moderate and confluent/advanced destructive). The differences in several variables, including clinical, laboratory, spirometric, and quantitative CT features among CT-based visual subtypes, were compared using the chi-square tests and one-way analysis of variance. Results Subjects who had PSE had better forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) (P=0.03) percentage and higher lung density (P<0.05) than those with moderate to confluent/advanced destructive centrilobular emphysema. As the visual grade of centrilobular emphysema worsened, pulmonary function declined and modified Medical Research Council, COPD assessment test (CAT) score, and quantitative assessment (emphysema index and air trapping) increased. The bronchial subtype was associated with higher body mass index (BMI), better lung function and higher lung density. Participants with trace emphysema showed a rapid increase in functional small airway disease. Conclusions Classifying subtypes using visual CT imaging features can reflect heterogeneity and pathological processes of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sol Kang
- Department of Radiology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hyeon Bak
- Department of Radiology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Yeun Oh
- Department of Radiology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Nam Lim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ki Cha
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Environmental Health Center, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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27
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Yang D, Guo X, Huang T, Liu C. The Role of Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Lung Infection and Immunity. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:586471. [PMID: 33718260 PMCID: PMC7947361 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.586471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The lung is constantly exposed to environmental particulates such as aeroallergens, pollutants, or microorganisms and is protected by a poised immune response. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a population of immune cells found in a variety of tissue sites, particularly barrier surfaces such as the lung and the intestine. ILCs play a crucial role in the innate immune system, and they are involved in the maintenance of mucosal homeostasis, inflammation regulation, tissue remodeling, and pathogen clearance. In recent years, group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) have emerged as key mediators of mucosal protection and repair during infection, mainly through IL-17 and IL-22 production. Although research on ILC3s has become focused on the intestinal immunity, the biology and function of pulmonary ILC3s in the pathogenesis of respiratory infections and in the development of chronic pulmonary inflammatory diseases remain elusive. In this review, we will mainly discuss how pulmonary ILC3s act on protection against pathogen challenge and pulmonary inflammation, as well as the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China School of Medicine and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinning Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China School of Medicine and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingxuan Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China School of Medicine and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuntao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China School of Medicine and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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28
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Zatloukal J, Brat K, Neumannova K, Volakova E, Hejduk K, Kocova E, Kudela O, Kopecky M, Plutinsky M, Koblizek V. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - diagnosis and management of stable disease; a personalized approach to care, using the treatable traits concept based on clinical phenotypes. Position paper of the Czech Pneumological and Phthisiological Society. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2020; 164:325-356. [PMID: 33325455 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2020.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This position paper has been drafted by experts from the Czech national board of diseases with bronchial obstruction, of the Czech Pneumological and Phthisiological Society. The statements and recommendations are based on both the results of randomized controlled trials and data from cross-sectional and prospective real-life studies to ensure they are as close as possible to the context of daily clinical practice and the current health care system of the Czech Republic. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable heterogeneous syndrome with a number of pulmonary and extrapulmonary clinical features and concomitant chronic diseases. The disease is associated with significant mortality, morbidity and reduced quality of life. The main characteristics include persistent respiratory symptoms and only partially reversible airflow obstruction developing due to an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles and gases. Oxidative stress, protease-antiprotease imbalance and increased numbers of pro-inflammatory cells (mainly neutrophils) are the main drivers of primarily non-infectious inflammation in COPD. Besides smoking, household air pollution, occupational exposure, low birth weight, frequent respiratory infections during childhood and also genetic factors are important risk factors of COPD development. Progressive airflow limitation and airway remodelling leads to air trapping, static and dynamic hyperinflation, gas exchange abnormalities and decreased exercise capacity. Various features of the disease are expressed unequally in individual patients, resulting in various types of disease presentation, emerging as the "clinical phenotypes" (for specific clinical characteristics) and "treatable traits" (for treatable characteristics) concept. The estimated prevalence of COPD in Czechia is around 6.7% with 3,200-3,500 deaths reported annually. The elementary requirements for diagnosis of COPD are spirometric confirmation of post-bronchodilator airflow obstruction (post-BD FEV1/VCmax <70%) and respiratory symptoms assessement (dyspnoea, exercise limitation, cough and/or sputum production. In order to establish definite COPD diagnosis, a five-step evaluation should be performed, including: 1/ inhalation risk assessment, 2/ symptoms evaluation, 3/ lung function tests, 4/ laboratory tests and 5/ imaging. At the same time, all alternative diagnoses should be excluded. For disease classification, this position paper uses both GOLD stages (1 to 4), GOLD groups (A to D) and evaluation of clinical phenotype(s). Prognosis assessment should be done in each patient. For this purpose, we recommend the use of the BODE or the CADOT index. Six elementary clinical phenotypes are recognized, including chronic bronchitis, frequent exacerbator, emphysematous, asthma/COPD overlap (ACO), bronchiectases with COPD overlap (BCO) and pulmonary cachexia. In our concept, all of these clinical phenotypes are also considered independent treatable traits. For each treatable trait, specific pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies are defined in this document. The coincidence of two or more clinical phenotypes (i.e., treatable traits) may occur in a single individual, giving the opportunity of fully individualized, phenotype-specific treatment. Treatment of COPD should reflect the complexity and heterogeneity of the disease and be tailored to individual patients. Major goals of COPD treatment are symptom reduction and decreased exacerbation risk. Treatment strategy is divided into five strata: risk elimination, basic treatment, phenotype-specific treatment, treatment of respiratory failure and palliative care, and treatment of comorbidities. Risk elimination includes interventions against tobacco smoking and environmental/occupational exposures. Basic treatment is based on bronchodilator therapy, pulmonary rehabilitation, vaccination, care for appropriate nutrition, inhalation training, education and psychosocial support. Adequate phenotype-specific treatment varies phenotype by phenotype, including more than ten different pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies. If more than one clinical phenotype is present, treatment strategy should follow the expression of each phenotypic label separately. In such patients, multicomponental therapeutic regimens are needed, resulting in fully individualized care. In the future, stronger measures against smoking, improvements in occupational and environmental health, early diagnosis strategies, as well as biomarker identification for patients responsive to specific treatments are warranted. New classes of treatment (inhaled PDE3/4 inhibitors, single molecule dual bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory drugs, gene editing molecules or new bronchoscopic procedures) are expected to enter the clinical practice in a very few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromir Zatloukal
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kristian Brat
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Neumannova
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Volakova
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Hejduk
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,National Screening Centre, Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kocova
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Kudela
- Pulmonary Department, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kopecky
- Pulmonary Department, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Plutinsky
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Koblizek
- Pulmonary Department, University Hospital Hradec Kralove and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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29
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Tanabe N, Vasilescu DM, Hague CJ, Ikezoe K, Murphy DT, Kirby M, Stevenson CS, Verleden SE, Vanaudenaerde BM, Gayan-Ramirez G, Janssens W, Coxson HO, Paré PD, Hogg JC. Pathological Comparisons of Paraseptal and Centrilobular Emphysema in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 202:803-811. [PMID: 32485111 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201912-2327oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Although centrilobular emphysema (CLE) and paraseptal emphysema (PSE) are commonly identified on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), little is known about the pathology associated with PSE compared with that of CLE.Objectives: To assess the pathological differences between PSE and CLE in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: Air-inflated frozen lung specimens (n = 6) obtained from patients with severe COPD treated by lung transplantation were scanned with MDCT. Frozen tissue cores were taken from central (n = 8) and peripheral (n = 8) regions of each lung, scanned with micro-computed tomography (microCT), and processed for histology. The core locations were registered to the MDCT, and a percentage of PSE or CLE was assigned by radiologists to each of the regions. MicroCT scans were used to measure number and structural change of terminal bronchioles. Furthermore, microCT-based volume fractions of CLE and PSE allowed classifying cores into mild emphysema, CLE-dominant, and PSE-dominant.Measurements and Main Results: The percentages of PSE measured on MDCT and microCT were positively associated (P = 0.015). The number of terminal bronchioles per milliliter of lung and cross-sectional lumen area were significantly lower and wall area percentage was significantly higher in CLE-dominant regions compared with mild emphysema and PSE-dominant regions (all P < 0.05), whereas no difference was found between PSE-dominant and mild emphysema samples (all P > 0.5). Immunohistochemistry showed significantly higher infiltration of neutrophils (P = 0.002), but not of macrophages, CD4, CD8, or B cells, in PSE compared with CLE regions.Conclusions: The terminal bronchioles are relatively preserved, whereas neutrophilic inflammation is increased in PSE-dominant regions compared with CLE-dominant regions in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Tanabe
- Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, and.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Cameron J Hague
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kohei Ikezoe
- Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, and
| | - Darra T Murphy
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Miranda Kirby
- Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, and.,Department of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher S Stevenson
- Janssen Disease Interception Accelerator, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson and Johnson, Beerse, Belgium; and
| | - Stijn E Verleden
- Department of Chronic Disease, Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart M Vanaudenaerde
- Department of Chronic Disease, Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez
- Department of Chronic Disease, Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Janssens
- Department of Chronic Disease, Metabolism and Aging, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Harvey O Coxson
- Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, and
| | - Peter D Paré
- Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, and
| | - James C Hogg
- Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, and
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30
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Valproic acid inhibits interferon-γ production by NK cells and increases susceptibility to Listeria monocytogenes infection. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17802. [PMID: 33082490 PMCID: PMC7576816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74836-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is a drug commonly used for epileptic seizure control. Recently, it has been shown that VPA alters the activation of several immune cells, including Natural Killer (NK) cells, which play an important role in the containment of viruses and intracellular bacteria. Although VPA can increase susceptibility to extracellular pathogens, it is unknown whether the suppressor effect of VPA could affect the course of intracellular bacterial infection. This study aimed to evaluate the role of VPA during Listeria monocytogenes (L.m) infection, and whether NK cell activation was affected. We found that VPA significantly augmented mortality in L.m infected mice. This effect was associated with increased bacterial load in the spleen, liver, and blood. Concurrently, decreased levels of IFN-γ in serum and lower splenic indexes were observed. Moreover, in vitro analysis showed that VPA treatment decreased the frequency of IFN-γ-producing NK cells within L.m infected splenocytes. Similarly, VPA inhibited the production of IFN-γ by NK cells stimulated with IL-12 and IL-18, which is a crucial system for early IFN-γ production in listeriosis. Finally, VPA decreased the phosphorylation of STAT4, p65, and p38, without affecting the expression of IL-12 and IL-18 receptors. Altogether, our results indicate that VPA increases the susceptibility to Listeria monocytogenes infection and suggest that NK cell is one of the main targets of VPA, but further work is needed to ascertain this effect.
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31
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Freeman CM, Curtis JL. It's Complicated: Lung Dendritic Cells in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 202:479-481. [PMID: 32286855 PMCID: PMC7427380 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202004-0899ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Freeman
- Research ServiceVeterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare SystemAnn Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Internal MedicineMichigan MedicineAnn Arbor, Michigan
- Graduate Program in ImmunologyUniversity of MichiganAnn Arbor, Michiganand
| | - Jeffrey L Curtis
- Department of Internal MedicineMichigan MedicineAnn Arbor, Michigan
- Graduate Program in ImmunologyUniversity of MichiganAnn Arbor, Michiganand
- Medical ServiceVA Ann Arbor Healthcare SystemAnn Arbor, Michigan
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32
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Rao W, Wang S, Duleba M, Niroula S, Goller K, Xie J, Mahalingam R, Neupane R, Liew AA, Vincent M, Okuda K, O'Neal WK, Boucher RC, Dickey BF, Wechsler ME, Ibrahim O, Engelhardt JF, Mertens TCJ, Wang W, Jyothula SSK, Crum CP, Karmouty-Quintana H, Parekh KR, Metersky ML, McKeon FD, Xian W. Regenerative Metaplastic Clones in COPD Lung Drive Inflammation and Fibrosis. Cell 2020; 181:848-864.e18. [PMID: 32298651 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive condition of chronic bronchitis, small airway obstruction, and emphysema that represents a leading cause of death worldwide. While inflammation, fibrosis, mucus hypersecretion, and metaplastic epithelial lesions are hallmarks of this disease, their origins and dependent relationships remain unclear. Here we apply single-cell cloning technologies to lung tissue of patients with and without COPD. Unlike control lungs, which were dominated by normal distal airway progenitor cells, COPD lungs were inundated by three variant progenitors epigenetically committed to distinct metaplastic lesions. When transplanted to immunodeficient mice, these variant clones induced pathology akin to the mucous and squamous metaplasia, neutrophilic inflammation, and fibrosis seen in COPD. Remarkably, similar variants pre-exist as minor constituents of control and fetal lung and conceivably act in normal processes of immune surveillance. However, these same variants likely catalyze the pathologic and progressive features of COPD when expanded to high numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Rao
- Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77003, USA
| | - Shan Wang
- Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77003, USA
| | - Marcin Duleba
- Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77003, USA
| | - Suchan Niroula
- Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77003, USA
| | - Kristina Goller
- Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77003, USA
| | - Jingzhong Xie
- Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77003, USA
| | - Rajasekaran Mahalingam
- Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77003, USA
| | - Rahul Neupane
- Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77003, USA
| | - Audrey-Ann Liew
- Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77003, USA
| | | | - Kenichi Okuda
- Marsico Lung Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Wanda K O'Neal
- Marsico Lung Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Richard C Boucher
- Marsico Lung Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Burton F Dickey
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Omar Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - John F Engelhardt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Tinne C J Mertens
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Soma S K Jyothula
- Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christopher P Crum
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Harry Karmouty-Quintana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kalpaj R Parekh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Mark L Metersky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Frank D McKeon
- Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77003, USA.
| | - Wa Xian
- Stem Cell Center, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77003, USA.
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33
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Brandsma C, Van den Berge M, Hackett T, Brusselle G, Timens W. Recent advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease pathogenesis: from disease mechanisms to precision medicine. J Pathol 2020; 250:624-635. [PMID: 31691283 PMCID: PMC7216938 DOI: 10.1002/path.5364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a devastating lung disease with a high personal and societal burden. Exposure to toxic particles and gases, including cigarette smoke, is the main risk factor for COPD. Together with smoking cessation, current treatment strategies of COPD aim to improve symptoms and prevent exacerbations, but there is no disease-modifying treatment. The biggest drawback of today's COPD treatment regimen is the 'one size fits all' pharmacological intervention, mainly based on disease severity and symptoms and not the individual's disease pathology. To halt the worrying increase in the burden of COPD, disease management needs to be advanced with a focus on personalized treatment. The main pathological feature of COPD includes a chronic and abnormal inflammatory response within the lungs, which results in airway and alveolar changes in the lung as reflected by (small) airways disease and emphysema. Here we discuss recent developments related to the abnormal inflammatory response, ECM and age-related changes, structural changes in the small airways and the role of sex-related differences, which are all relevant to explain the individual differences in the disease pathology of COPD and improve disease endotyping. Furthermore, we will discuss the most recent developments of new treatment strategies using biologicals to target specific pathological features or disease endotypes of COPD. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corry‐Anke Brandsma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical BiologyGroningenThe Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC)GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Maarten Van den Berge
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC)GroningenThe Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary DiseasesGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Tillie‐Louise Hackett
- Centre for Heart Lung InnovationUnive rsity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and TherapeuticsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | - Guy Brusselle
- Department of Respiratory MedicineGhent University HospitalGhentBelgium
- Department of Epidemiology and Respiratory MedicineErasmus Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical BiologyGroningenThe Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC)GroningenThe Netherlands
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34
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Pascual-Guardia S, Ataya M, Ramírez-Martínez I, Yélamos J, Chalela R, Bellido S, López-Botet M, Gea J. Adaptive NKG2C+ natural killer cells are related to exacerbations and nutritional abnormalities in COPD patients. Respir Res 2020; 21:63. [PMID: 32131843 PMCID: PMC7057582 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-1323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and often progressive disorder with a heterogeneous presentation and frequent systemic manifestations. Several aspects like persistence in smoking habit, continuous exacerbations, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and inflammatory-immune response, are involved in the pathophysiology and progression of the disease. However, the role of natural killer (NK) cells remains controversial. Otherwise, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection has been reported to induce an adaptive differentiation and expansion of an NK cell subset which carries the CD94/NKG2C receptor, which may contribute to an upset immune defense. For these reasons, our objective is to assess the distribution of NK cells and their subset in COPD patients and some of its phenotypes. Methods Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 66 COPD patients. HCMV serology and the proportions of total NK cells and the NKG2C+ and NKG2A+ subsets were evaluated by flow cytometry. The NKG2C genotype was also assessed. Results Eighty-eight per cent of COPD patients were HCMV(+), and the proportions of total NK cells were higher in patients with severe-very severe airway obstruction than in those with only mild-moderate involvement. There were no differences in the proportions of NKG2C+ cells between controls and COPD, either among COPD patients classified by severity of the disease. However, the percentage of NKG2C+ cells were higher in COPD patients with frequent exacerbations than in occasional exacerbators, and higher in cases with reduced lean mass (Fat free mass index) than in those with normal nutritional status. Conclusion These results suggest a relationship between levels of NKG2C+ cells in COPD patients and clinical variables closely linked to a poor/worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Pascual-Guardia
- Respiratory Department, Hospital del Mar, Pg. Marítim 27, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain. .,Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Michelle Ataya
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Ramírez-Martínez
- Immunology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Psychiatry department, Hospital Torrecardenas, Almería, Spain
| | - José Yélamos
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Immunology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberto Chalela
- Respiratory Department, Hospital del Mar, Pg. Marítim 27, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.,Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salomé Bellido
- Respiratory Department, Hospital del Mar, Pg. Marítim 27, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel López-Botet
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.,Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Immunology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Gea
- Respiratory Department, Hospital del Mar, Pg. Marítim 27, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERES, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.,Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Respiratory Network, Barcelona, Spain
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35
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Liang X, Liu T, Zhang Z, Yu Z. Airway Inflammation Biomarker for Precise Management of Neutrophil-Predominant COPD. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2204:181-191. [PMID: 32710325 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0904-0_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) course can be divided into stable stage and acute exacerbation. Deepen the understanding to the function and role of airway inflammatory cells in stable COPD is important for developing new therapies to restore airway dysfunction and preventing stable stage COPD progress to acute exacerbation COPD. Neutrophil is a feature of lower airways and lung inflammation in majority COPD patients at stable stage and increased neutrophils usually means COPD patients are in a more serious stage. Neutrophil-predominant COPD always accompanied by increased numbers of macrophages, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells. The composition proportion of different inflammatory cells are changed with disease severity. Recently, neutrophilic inflammation has been proved to be correlated with the disturbance of airway resident microbiota, which promote neutrophil influx and exacerbates inflammation. Consequently, understanding the details of increased neutrophils and dysbacteriosis in COPD is necessary for making precise management strategy against neutrophil-associated COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ting Liu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Yu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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36
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Abstract
It is well known that particulate matter suspended in the earth's atmosphere generated by tobacco smoke, automobile exhaust, industrial processes, and forest fires has been identified as a major risk factor for chronic lung disease. Particulate matter can be divided into large, intermediate, and fine particulates. When inhaled, large particulates develop sufficient momentum to leave the flowing stream of inhaled air and deposit by impaction in the nose, mouth, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, and central bronchi. Intermediate-sized particulates that develop less momentum deposit in the smaller bronchi and larger bronchioles, and the finest particulates that develop the least momentum make it to the distal gas-exchanging tissue, where gas moves solely by diffusion. On the basis of Einstein's classic work on Brownian motion that showed particles suspended in a gas diffuse much more slowly than the gas in which they are suspended, we postulate that the small airways that accommodate the shift from bulk airflow to diffusion become the major site for deposition of fine particles, resulting in a host immune response. Much remains to be learned about the interaction between the deposition of fine particulates and the host immune and tissue responses; the purpose of this review is to examine the hypothesis that the smallest conducting airways and proximal gas-exchanging tissue are the primary sites for the deposition of the finest particulates inhaled into the lungs.
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37
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Exome Sequencing Reveals Immune Genes as Susceptibility Modifiers in Individuals with α 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13088. [PMID: 31511551 PMCID: PMC6739380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49409-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a genetic disorder associated to early onset emphysema, mainly imputable to Pi*ZZ genotype. In spite of the serious potential effects, many AATD individuals do not develop emphysema. To identify genes/variants potentially involved in emphysema development we studied 4 AATD families. Each family had at least one affected sibling with emphysema and one non-affected. Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) was performed on genomic DNA isolated from 9 individuals with AATD (4 affected/5 non-affected). Genetic variants confirmed at least in three families were prioritized using QueryOR and network analysis was used to verify enriched pathways. In affected subjects: 14 genes (57% immune-related) segregated in a recessive model and 21 (29% immune-related) in a dominant model. In non-affected subjects: 21 genes (43% immune-related) segregated in a recessive model and 50 (24% immune-related) in a dominant model. In affected siblings immune genes had an activating function, while where immune-suppressing in non-affected siblings involving antigen processing, MHC-I presentation, TCR and PD-1 signalling. This study describes possible genetic susceptibility factors for emphysema development in AATD, and suggests that gene variants involved in regulation of immune homeostasis and maintenance of self-tolerance contribute to the development or suppression of the disease.
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38
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Saetta M, Turato G, Cosio MG. Natural Killer Cell: Looks Like a Sniper but Is Part of the Team. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 198:1109-1110. [PMID: 29768023 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201805-0841ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Saetta
- 1 Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, and Vascular Sciences University of Padova Padova, Italy
| | - Graziella Turato
- 1 Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, and Vascular Sciences University of Padova Padova, Italy
| | - Manuel G Cosio
- 2 Meakins-Christie Laboratories and.,3 Respiratory Division McGill University Montreal, Canada
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39
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van Eeden SF, Hogg JC. Immune-Modulation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Current Concepts and Future Strategies. Respiration 2019; 99:550-565. [PMID: 31480060 DOI: 10.1159/000502261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is caused by the chronic inhalation of toxic particles and gases that are primarily but not exclusively derived from cigarette smoke that may be either actively or passively inhaled, which initiates a persistent innate and adaptive immune response in the lung. This immune response is associated with an aberrant tissue repair and remodeling process that results in varying degrees of chronic inflammation with excess production of mucus in the central airways and permanent destruction of the smaller conducting airways and gas exchanging surface in the peripheral lung. Currently, the primary aims of treatment in COPD are bronchodilation (inhaled short- and long-acting β-agonist and antimuscarinic therapies), to control symptoms and nonspecific broad-acting anti-inflammatory agents (inhaled and oral corticosteroids, phosphor-di-esterase inhibitors, and macrolides). That provide symptomatic relief but have little or no impact on either disease progression or mortality. As our understanding of the immune pathogenesis of the COPD improves, available immune modulation therapies have the potential to alter or interfere with damaging immune pathways, thereby slowing relentless progression of lung tissue destruction. The purpose of this brief review is to discuss our current understanding of the immune pathogenesis of both the airways and parenchymal injury as well as the dysfunctional tissue repair process to propose immune modulating interventions in an attempt to stabilize or return these pathological changes to their normal state. The ultimate goal of the immune modulation therapy is to improve both morbidity and mortality associated with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan F van Eeden
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, .,Pacific Lung Health Centre, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada,
| | - James C Hogg
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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40
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Zhang WZ, Gomi K, Mahjour SB, Martinez FJ, Shaykhiev R. Update in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 2017. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 197:1534-1539. [PMID: 29688027 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201801-0113up] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- William Z Zhang
- 1 Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; and.,2 New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kazunori Gomi
- 1 Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; and
| | - Seyed Babak Mahjour
- 1 Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; and
| | - Fernando J Martinez
- 1 Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; and
| | - Renat Shaykhiev
- 1 Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; and
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41
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Brightling C, Greening N. Airway inflammation in COPD: progress to precision medicine. Eur Respir J 2019; 54:13993003.00651-2019. [PMID: 31073084 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00651-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing. Airway inflammation is a consistent feature of COPD and is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of COPD, but anti-inflammatory therapy is not first-line treatment. The inflammation has many guises and phenotyping this heterogeneity has revealed different patterns. Neutrophil-associated COPD with activation of the inflammasome, T1 and T17 immunity is the most common phenotype with eosinophil-associated T2-mediated immunity in a minority and autoimmunity observed in more severe disease. Biomarkers have enabled targeted anti-inflammatory strategies and revealed that corticosteroids are most effective in those with evidence of eosinophilic inflammation, whereas, in contrast to severe asthma, response to anti-interleukin-5 biologicals in COPD has been disappointing, with smaller benefits for the same intensity of eosinophilic inflammation questioning its role in COPD. Biological therapies beyond T2-mediated inflammation have not demonstrated benefit and in some cases increased risk of infection, suggesting that neutrophilic inflammation and inflammasome activation might be largely driven by bacterial colonisation and dysbiosis. Herein we describe current and future biomarker approaches to assess inflammation in COPD and how this might reveal tractable approaches to precision medicine and unmask important host-environment interactions leading to airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Brightling
- Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Dept of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Neil Greening
- Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Dept of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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42
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Borger JG, Lau M, Hibbs ML. The Influence of Innate Lymphoid Cells and Unconventional T Cells in Chronic Inflammatory Lung Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1597. [PMID: 31354734 PMCID: PMC6637857 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The lungs are continuously subjected to environmental insults making them susceptible to infection and injury. They are protected by the respiratory epithelium, which not only serves as a physical barrier but also a reactive one that can release cytokines, chemokines, and other defense proteins in response to danger signals, and can undergo conversion to protective mucus-producing goblet cells. The lungs are also guarded by a complex network of highly specialized immune cells and their mediators to support tissue homeostasis and resolve integrity deviation. This review focuses on specialized innate-like lymphocytes present in the lung that act as key sensors of lung insults and direct the pulmonary immune response. Included amongst these tissue-resident lymphocytes are innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which are classified into five distinct subsets (natural killer, ILC1, ILC2, ILC3, lymphoid tissue-inducer cells), and unconventional T cells including natural killer T (NKT) cells, mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, and γδ-T cells. While ILCs and unconventional T cells together comprise only a small proportion of the total immune cells in the lung, they have been found to promote lung homeostasis and are emerging as contributors to a variety of chronic lung diseases including pulmonary fibrosis, allergic airway inflammation, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A particularly intriguing trait of ILCs that has recently emerged is their plasticity and ability to alter their gene expression profiles and adapt their function in response to environmental cues. The malleable nature of these cells may aid in rapid responses to pathogen but may also have downstream pathological consequences. The role of ILC2s in Th2 allergic airway responses is becoming apparent but the contribution of other ILCs and unconventional T cells during chronic lung inflammation is poorly described. This review presents an overview of our current understanding of the involvement of ILCs and unconventional T cells in chronic pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica G Borger
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Maverick Lau
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Lung Health Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Margaret L Hibbs
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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43
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Morrow JD, Chase RP, Parker MM, Glass K, Seo M, Divo M, Owen CA, Castaldi P, DeMeo DL, Silverman EK, Hersh CP. RNA-sequencing across three matched tissues reveals shared and tissue-specific gene expression and pathway signatures of COPD. Respir Res 2019; 20:65. [PMID: 30940135 PMCID: PMC6446359 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1032-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple gene expression studies have been performed separately in peripheral blood, lung, and airway tissues to study COPD. We performed RNA-sequencing gene expression profiling of large-airway epithelium, alveolar macrophage and peripheral blood samples from the same subset of COPD cases and controls from the COPDGene study who underwent bronchoscopy at a single center. Using statistical and gene set enrichment approaches, we sought to improve the understanding of COPD by studying gene sets and pathways across these tissues, beyond the individual genomic determinants. METHODS We performed differential expression analysis using RNA-seq data obtained from 63 samples from 21 COPD cases and controls (includes four non-smokers) via the R package DESeq2. We tested associations between gene expression and variables related to lung function, smoking history, and CT scan measures of emphysema and airway disease. We examined the correlation of differential gene expression across the tissues and phenotypes, hypothesizing that this would reveal preserved and private gene expression signatures. We performed gene set enrichment analyses using curated databases and findings from prior COPD studies to provide biological and disease relevance. RESULTS The known smoking-related genes CYP1B1 and AHRR were among the top differential expression results for smoking status in the large-airway epithelium data. We observed a significant overlap of genes primarily across large-airway and macrophage results for smoking and airway disease phenotypes. We did not observe specific genes differentially expressed in all three tissues for any of the phenotypes. However, we did observe hemostasis and immune signaling pathways in the overlaps across all three tissues for emphysema, and amyloid and telomere-related pathways for smoking. In peripheral blood, the emphysema results were enriched for B cell related genes previously identified in lung tissue studies. CONCLUSIONS Our integrative analyses across COPD-relevant tissues and prior studies revealed shared and tissue-specific disease biology. These replicated and novel findings in the airway and peripheral blood have highlighted candidate genes and pathways for COPD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrett D Morrow
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Robert P Chase
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Margaret M Parker
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kimberly Glass
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Minseok Seo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Miguel Divo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Caroline A Owen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Peter Castaldi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Craig P Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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44
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Recent Developments in mRNA-Based Protein Supplementation Therapy to Target Lung Diseases. Mol Ther 2019; 27:803-823. [PMID: 30905577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein supplementation therapy using in vitro-transcribed (IVT) mRNA for genetic diseases contains huge potential as a new class of therapy. From the early ages of synthetic mRNA discovery, a great number of studies showed the versatile use of IVT mRNA as a novel approach to supplement faulty or absent protein and also as a vaccine. Many modifications have been made to produce high expressions of mRNA causing less immunogenicity and more stability. Recent advancements in the in vivo lung delivery of mRNA complexed with various carriers encouraged the whole mRNA community to tackle various genetic lung diseases. This review gives a comprehensive overview of cells associated with various lung diseases and recent advancements in mRNA-based protein replacement therapy. This review also covers a brief summary of developments in mRNA modifications and nanocarriers toward clinical translation.
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45
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Curtis JL. B Cells Caught in the Act: Class Switching to IgA in Lung Lymphoid Follicles in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199:548-550. [PMID: 30352169 PMCID: PMC6396857 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201810-1907ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Curtis
- 1 Medical Service VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System Ann Arbor, Michigan and
- 2 Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Division University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan
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46
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Lin CR, Bahmed K, Criner GJ, Marchetti N, Tuder RM, Kelsen S, Bolla S, Mandapati C, Kosmider B. S100A8 Protects Human Primary Alveolar Type II Cells against Injury and Emphysema. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 60:299-307. [PMID: 30277795 PMCID: PMC6397980 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0144oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary emphysema is characterized by alveolar wall destruction, and cigarette smoking is the main risk factor in this disease development. S100A8 is a member of the S100 protein family, with an oxidative stress-related and antiinflammatory role. The mechanisms of human alveolar type II (ATII) cell injury contributing to emphysema pathophysiology are not completely understood. We wanted to determine whether S100A8 can protect ATII cells against injury induced by cigarette smoke and this disease development. We used freshly isolated ATII cells from nonsmoking and smoking organ donors, as well as patients with emphysema to determine S100A8 function. S100A8 protein and mRNA levels were low in individuals with this disease and correlated with its severity as determined by using lung tissue from areas with mild and severe emphysema obtained from the same patient. Its expression negatively correlated with high oxidative stress as observed by 4-hydroxynonenal levels. We also detected decreased serine phosphorylation within S100A8 by PKAα in this disease. This correlated with increased S100A8 ubiquitination by SYVN1. Moreover, we cultured ATII cells isolated from nonsmokers followed by treatment with cigarette smoke extract. We found that this exposure upregulated S100A8 expression. We also confirmed the cytoprotective role of S100A8 against cell injury using gain- and loss-of-function approaches in vitro. S100A8 knockdown sensitized cells to apoptosis induced by cigarette smoke. In contrast, S100A8 overexpression rescued cell injury. Our results suggest that S100A8 protects ATII cells against injury and cigarette smoke-induced emphysema. Targeting S100A8 may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ru Lin
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, and
| | - Karim Bahmed
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, and
| | - Gerard J. Criner
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, and
| | - Nathaniel Marchetti
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, and
| | - Rubin M. Tuder
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Steven Kelsen
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, and
| | | | | | - Beata Kosmider
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery
- Center for Inflammation, Translational and Clinical Lung Research, and
- Department of Physiology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
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47
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Ardain A, Porterfield JZ, Kløverpris HN, Leslie A. Type 3 ILCs in Lung Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:92. [PMID: 30761149 PMCID: PMC6361816 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The lungs represent a complex immune setting, balancing external environmental signals with a poised immune response that must protect from infection, mediate tissue repair, and maintain lung function. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play a central role in tissue repair and homeostasis, and mediate protective immunity in a variety of mucosal tissues, including the lung. All three ILC subsets are present in the airways of both mice and humans; and ILC2s shown to have pivotal roles in asthma, airway hyper-responsiveness, and parasitic worm infection. The involvement of ILC3s in respiratory diseases is less well-defined, but they are known to be critical in homeostasis, infection and inflammation at other mucosal barriers, such as the gut. Moreover, they are important players in the IL17/IL22 axis, which is key to lung health. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of ILC3s in the context of infectious and inflammatory lung diseases, with a focus on data from human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Ardain
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - James Zachary Porterfield
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Henrik N. Kløverpris
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alasdair Leslie
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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48
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Soriano JB, Polverino F, Cosio BG. What is early COPD and why is it important? Eur Respir J 2018; 52:13993003.01448-2018. [PMID: 30309976 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01448-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the origins of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as it is envisaged that preventive efforts and treatment can modify its clinical course. The concept of early COPD is not new, but it has recently regained interest, given new population data, recent cellular and molecular advances and insights from clinical trials. To date, many knowledge gaps in the nature of early COPD still exist, mainly because COPD has always been considered a disease of the elderly, and little attention has been paid to the pathological changes occurring in the lungs of individuals at risk before they develop clinically evident COPD. Future studies should focus on identifying early pathological manifestations of COPD in order to prevent its progression in susceptible individuals. In this review, we aim to summarise what is known on early COPD, from the epidemiological, cellular and clinical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan B Soriano
- Instituto de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa (IISP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Polverino
- Asthma and Airway Disease Research Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.,Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Borja G Cosio
- CIBER-Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Son Espases-IdISBa, Palma, Spain
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49
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Mostafavi B, Diaz S, Piitulainen E, Stoel BC, Wollmer P, Tanash HA. Lung function and CT lung densitometry in 37- to 39-year-old individuals with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:3689-3698. [PMID: 30510411 PMCID: PMC6231508 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s167497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a hereditary disorder that predisposes to emphysema. A cohort of severe (PiZZ) and moderate (PiSZ) AAT-deficient newborn infants was identified by the Swedish national neonatal AAT screening program in 1972-1974 and has been followed-up since birth. Our aim was to study whether the cohort has signs of emphysema in pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and computed tomography (CT) densitometry at 38 years of age in comparison with an age-matched control group, randomly selected from the population registry. METHODS Forty-one PiZZ, 18 PiSZ, and 61 control subjects (PiMM) underwent complete PFTs, measurement of resistance and reactance in the respiratory system by impulse oscillometry (IOS)/forced oscillation technique (FOT), and CT densitometry. The results were related to self-reported smoking habits. RESULTS The total lung capacity (TLC) % of the predicted value was significantly higher in the PiZZ ever-smokers than in the PiZZ never-smokers (P<0.05), PiSZ never-smokers (P=0.01) and the PiMM never-smokers (P=0.01). The residual volume (RV) % of the predicted value was significantly higher in the PiZZ ever-smokers compared to the PiMM never-smokers (P<0.01). The PiZZ ever-smokers had a significantly lower carbon monoxide transfer coefficient (Kco) than the PiSZ never-smokers (P<0.01) and PiMM never-smokers (P<0.01). Respiratory system resistance at 5 Hz (P<0.01), at 20 Hz (P<0.01), and the area of low reactance (Alx; P<0.05) were significantly lower and respiratory system reactance at 5 Hz (P<0.05) was significantly higher in PiZZ subjects compared to the PiMM subjects. No statistically significant differences in the CT densitometry parameters were found between the Pi subgroups. CONCLUSION The physiological parameters in the PiZZ ever-smokers showed evidence of hyperinflation and emphysema before the age of 40 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrouz Mostafavi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Malmö, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden,
| | - Sandra Diaz
- Department of Clinical Physiology Malmö, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Eeva Piitulainen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Malmö, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden,
| | - Berend C Stoel
- Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Per Wollmer
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hanan A Tanash
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Malmö, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden,
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Finch DK, Stolberg VR, Ferguson J, Alikaj H, Kady MR, Richmond BW, Polosukhin VV, Blackwell TS, McCloskey L, Curtis JL, Freeman CM. Lung Dendritic Cells Drive Natural Killer Cytotoxicity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease via IL-15Rα. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 198:1140-1150. [PMID: 29676596 PMCID: PMC6221577 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201712-2513oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Lung natural killer cells (NKs) kill a greater percentage of autologous lung parenchymal cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) than in nonobstructed smokers. To become cytotoxic, NKs require priming, typically by dendritic cells (DCs), but whether priming occurs in the lungs in COPD is unknown. METHODS We used lung tissue and in some cases peripheral blood from patients undergoing clinically indicated resections to determine in vitro killing of CD326+ lung epithelial cells by isolated lung CD56+ NKs. We also measured the cytotoxicity of unprimed blood NKs after preincubation with lung DCs. To investigate mechanisms of DC-mediated priming, we used murine models of COPD induced by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure or by polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) deficiency, and blocked IL-15Rα (IL-15 receptor α subunit) trans-presentation by genetic and antibody approaches. RESULTS Human lung NKs killed isolated autologous lung epithelial cells; cytotoxicity was increased (P = 0.0001) in COPD, relative to smokers without obstruction. Similarly, increased lung NK cytotoxicity compared with control subjects was observed in CS-exposed mice and pIgR-/- mice. Blood NKs both from smokers without obstruction and subjects with COPD showed minimal epithelial cell killing, but in COPD, preincubation with lung DCs increased cytotoxicity. NKs were primed by CS-exposed murine DCs in vitro and in vivo. Inhibiting IL-15Rα trans-presentation eliminated NK priming both by murine CS-exposed DCs and by lung DCs from subjects with COPD. CONCLUSIONS Heightened NK cytotoxicity against lung epithelial cells in COPD results primarily from lung DC-mediated priming via IL-15 trans-presentation on IL-15Rα. Future studies are required to test whether increased NK cytotoxicity contributes to COPD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna K. Finch
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune Ltd., Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie R. Stolberg
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - John Ferguson
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity, MedImmune Ltd., Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Henrih Alikaj
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Mohamed R. Kady
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Bradley W. Richmond
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Timothy S. Blackwell
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lisa McCloskey
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jeffrey L. Curtis
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Section, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Christine M. Freeman
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
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