1
|
Ahrens AP, Hyötyläinen T, Petrone JR, Igelström K, George CD, Garrett TJ, Orešič M, Triplett EW, Ludvigsson J. Infant microbes and metabolites point to childhood neurodevelopmental disorders. Cell 2024; 187:1853-1873.e15. [PMID: 38574728 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
This study has followed a birth cohort for over 20 years to find factors associated with neurodevelopmental disorder (ND) diagnosis. Detailed, early-life longitudinal questionnaires captured infection and antibiotic events, stress, prenatal factors, family history, and more. Biomarkers including cord serum metabolome and lipidome, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype, infant microbiota, and stool metabolome were assessed. Among the 16,440 Swedish children followed across time, 1,197 developed an ND. Significant associations emerged for future ND diagnosis in general and for specific ND subtypes, spanning intellectual disability, speech disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism. This investigation revealed microbiome connections to future diagnosis as well as early emerging mood and gastrointestinal problems. The findings suggest links to immunodysregulation and metabolism, compounded by stress, early-life infection, and antibiotics. The convergence of infant biomarkers and risk factors in this prospective, longitudinal study on a large-scale population establishes a foundation for early-life prediction and intervention in neurodevelopment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelica P Ahrens
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro 702 81, Sweden
| | - Joseph R Petrone
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Kajsa Igelström
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Neurobiology, Linköping University, Linköping 58185, Sweden
| | - Christian D George
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Timothy J Garrett
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Matej Orešič
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro 702 81, Sweden; Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland; Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku 20014, Finland
| | - Eric W Triplett
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA.
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Crown Princess Victoria Children's Hospital and Division of Pediatrics, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping 58185, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Krekhno Z, Woodward SE, Serapio-Palacios A, Peña-Díaz J, Moon KM, Foster LJ, Finlay BB. Citrobacter rodentium possesses a functional type II secretion system necessary for successful host infection. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2308049. [PMID: 38299318 PMCID: PMC10841016 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2308049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious diarrheal diseases are the third leading cause of mortality in young children, many of which are driven by Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. To establish successful host infections these pathogens employ a plethora of virulence factors necessary to compete with the resident microbiota, and evade and subvert the host defenses. The type II secretion system (T2SS) is one such conserved molecular machine that allows for the delivery of effector proteins into the extracellular milieu. To explore the role of the T2SS during natural host infection, we used Citrobacter rodentium, a murine enteric pathogen, as a model of human intestinal disease caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli such as Enteropathogenic and Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EPEC and EHEC). In this study, we determined that the C. rodentium genome encodes one T2SS and 22 potential T2SS-secreted protein effectors, as predicted via sequence homology. We demonstrated that this system was functional in vitro, identifying a role in intestinal mucin degradation allowing for its utilization as a carbon source, and promoting C. rodentium attachment to a mucus-producing colon cell line. During host infection, loss of the T2SS or associated effectors led to a significant colonization defect and lack of systemic spread. In mice susceptible to lethal infection, T2SS-deficient C. rodentium was strongly attenuated, resulting in reduced morbidity and mortality in infected hosts. Together these data highlight the important role of the T2SS and its effector repertoire during C. rodentium pathogenesis, aiding in successful host mucosal colonization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Krekhno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - SE Woodward
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Serapio-Palacios
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J Peña-Díaz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - KM Moon
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - LJ Foster
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - BB Finlay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen GY, Thorup NR, Miller AJ, Li YC, Ayres JS. Cooperation between physiological defenses and immune resistance produces asymptomatic carriage of a lethal bacterial pathogen. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg8719. [PMID: 37352357 PMCID: PMC10289649 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg8719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Animals evolved two defense strategies to survive infections. Antagonistic strategies include immune resistance mechanisms that operate to kill invading pathogens. Cooperative or physiological defenses mediate host adaptation to the infected state, limiting physiological damage and disease, without killing the pathogen, and have been shown to cause asymptomatic carriage and transmission of lethal pathogens. Here, we demonstrate that physiological defenses cooperate with the adaptive immune response to generate long-term asymptomatic carriage of the lethal enteric murine pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium. Asymptomatic carriage of genetically virulent C. rodentium provided immune resistance against subsequent infections. Immune protection was dependent on systemic antibody responses and pathogen virulence behavior rather than the recognition of specific virulent antigens. Last, we demonstrate that an avirulent strain of C. rodentium in the field has background mutations in genes that are important for LPS structure. Our work reveals insight into how asymptomatic infections can arise mechanistically with immune resistance, mediating exclusion of phenotypically virulent enteric pathogen to promote asymptomatic carriage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grischa Y. Chen
- Molecular and Systems Physiology Lab, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Natalia R. Thorup
- Molecular and Systems Physiology Lab, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Abigail J. Miller
- Molecular and Systems Physiology Lab, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yao-Cheng Li
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Janelle S. Ayres
- Molecular and Systems Physiology Lab, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen GY, Thorup NR, Miller AJ, Li YC, Ayres JS. Cooperation between physiological defenses and immune resistance produces asymptomatic carriage of a lethal bacterial pathogen. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.22.525099. [PMID: 36711884 PMCID: PMC9882269 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.22.525099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Animals have evolved two defense strategies to survive infections. Antagonistic strategies include mechanisms of immune resistance that operate to sense and kill invading pathogens. Cooperative or physiological defenses mediate host adaptation to the infected state, limiting physiological damage and disease, without killing the pathogen, and have been shown to cause asymptomatic carriage and transmission of lethal pathogens. Here we demonstrate that physiological defenses cooperate with the adaptive immune response to generate long-term asymptomatic carriage of the lethal enteric murine pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium. Asymptomatic carriage of genetically virulent C. rodentium provided immune resistance against subsequent infections. Host immune protection was dependent on systemic antibody responses and pathogen virulence behavior, rather than the recognition of specific virulent factor antigens. Finally, we demonstrate that an avirulent strain of C. rodentium in the field has background mutations in two genes that are important for LPS structure. Our work reveals novel insight into how asymptomatic infections can arise mechanistically with immune resistance, mediating exclusion of phenotypically virulent enteric pathogen to promote asymptomatic carriage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grischa Y. Chen
- Molecular and Systems Physiology Lab, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Natalia R. Thorup
- Molecular and Systems Physiology Lab, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Abigail J. Miller
- Molecular and Systems Physiology Lab, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Yao-Cheng Li
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Janelle S. Ayres
- Molecular and Systems Physiology Lab, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Harishankar A, Viswanathan V. Attaching and effacing pathogens modulate host mitochondrial structure and function. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
|
6
|
McGourty K, Vijayakumar R, Wu T, Gagnon A, Kelleher SL. ZnT2 Is Critical for TLR4-Mediated Cytokine Expression in Colonocytes and Modulates Mucosal Inflammation in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911467. [PMID: 36232769 PMCID: PMC9570081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide range of microbial pathogens can enter the gastrointestinal tract, causing mucosal inflammation and infectious colitis and accounting for most cases of acute diarrhea. Severe cases of infectious colitis can persist for weeks, and if untreated, may lead to major complications and death. While the molecular pathogenesis of microbial infections is often well-characterized, host-associated epithelial factors that affect risk and severity of infectious colitis are less well-understood. The current study characterized functions of the zinc (Zn) transporter ZnT2 (SLC30A2) in cultured HT29 colonocytes and determined consequences of ZnT2 deletion in mice on the colonic response to enteric infection with Citrobacter rodentium. ZnT2 in colonocytes transported Zn into vesicles buffering cytoplasmic Zn pools, which was important for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression, activation of pathogen-stimulated NF-κβ translocation and cytokine expression. Additionally, ZnT2 was critical for lysosome biogenesis and bacterial-induced autophagy, both promoting robust host defense and resolution mechanisms in response to enteric pathogens. These findings reveal that ZnT2 is a novel regulator of mucosal inflammation in colonocytes and is critical to the response to infectious colitis, suggesting that manipulating the function of ZnT2 may offer new therapeutic strategies to treat specific intestinal infections.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu WJH, Kim M, Chang LC, Assie A, Saldana-Morales FB, Zegarra-Ruiz DF, Norwood K, Samuel BS, Diehl GE. Interleukin-1β secretion induced by mucosa-associated gut commensal bacteria promotes intestinal barrier repair. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2014772. [PMID: 34989321 PMCID: PMC8741296 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.2014772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is essential for maintenance and repair of the intestinal epithelial barrier. As shifts in both intestinal epithelial barrier function and microbiota composition are found in inflammatory bowel disease patients, it is critical to understand the role of distinct bacteria in regulating barrier repair. We identified a mouse commensal E. coli isolate, GDAR2-2, that protects mice from Citrobacter rodentium infection and dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Colonization with GDAR2-2 in mice resulted in expansion of CX3CR1+ mononuclear phagocytes, including CX3CR1+ macrophages/dendritic cells and monocytes, along with IL-22-secreting type 3 innate lymphoid cells and improved epithelial barrier function. In vitro co-culture of macrophages with GDAR2-2 resulted in IL-1β production. In vivo, protection after GDAR2-2 colonization was lost after depletion of CX3CR1+ MNPs, or blockade of IL-1β or IL-22. We further identified human commensal E. coli isolates that similarly protect mice from C. rodentium infection through CX3CR1+ MNP and IL-1β production. Together, these findings demonstrate an unexpected role for commensal bacteria in promoting IL-1β secretion to support intestinal barrier repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Jung H. Wu
- Immunology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Myunghoo Kim
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Present Address: Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Lin-Chun Chang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adrien Assie
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fatima B. Saldana-Morales
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel F. Zegarra-Ruiz
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kendra Norwood
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Buck S. Samuel
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gretchen E. Diehl
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program of the Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stockinger B. T cell subsets and environmental factors in Citrobacter rodentium infection. Curr Opin Microbiol 2021; 63:92-97. [PMID: 34298480 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Infection with Citrobacter rodentium constitutes an attack on the intestinal barrier and results in concerted action by innate and adaptive immune responses to limit bacterial translocation and destroy those bacteria that have breached the intestinal barrier. Among the many immune cell types that are involved in the defence against this infection, Th17 cells as the major producers of the barrier protective cytokine IL-22 during the adaptive phase of the response are most numerous. Their extensive plasticity furthermore results in the production of additional cytokines that previously were ascribed to Th1 cells, such as IFNγ. The timely and coordinated repair of damaged epithelium requires input from environmental factors derived from diet and microbiota metabolism of tryptophan which are transmitted through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Thus, the combination of a robust immune response, coupled with intestinal stem cell differentiation guided by environmental factors, ensures resistance to barrier destruction by intestinal infection.
Collapse
|
9
|
Quin C, Ghosh S, Dai C, Barnett JA, Garner AM, Yoo RKH, Zandberg WF, Botta A, Gorzelak MA, Gibson DL. Maternal Intake of Dietary Fat Pre-Programs Offspring's Gut Ecosystem Altering Colonization Resistance and Immunity to Infectious Colitis in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2000635. [PMID: 33559319 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The transgenerational impact of dietary fat remains unclear. Here, the role of maternal fat consumption as a modulator of gut microbial communities and infectious disease outcomes in their offspring is explored. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6 mice are fed isocaloric high-fat diets throughout breeding, gestation and lactation. Diets contained either milk fat (MF), olive oil (OO) or corn oil (CO), with or without fish oil. The pups born to maternally exposed mice are weaned on to chow and raised into adulthood. At 8 weeks, the offsprings are either euthanized for colonic 16S rRNA analysis or challenged with the enteric pathogen, Citrobacter rodentium. Maternal CO exposure resulted in unique clustering of bacterial communities in offspring compared with MF and OO. Diets rich in CO reduced survival in offspring challenged with C. rodentium. The addition of fish oil did not improve mortality caused by CO and worsened disease outcomes when combined with OO. Unlike the unsaturated diets, MF is protective with and without fish oil. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these data reveal that maternal intake of fatty acids do have transgenerational impacts on their offspring's bacteriome and enteric infection risk. Based on this study, saturated fats should be included in maternal diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Candice Quin
- Department of Biology Okanagan campus, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sanjoy Ghosh
- Department of Biology Okanagan campus, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chuanbin Dai
- Department of Biology Okanagan campus, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jacqueline A Barnett
- Department of Biology Okanagan campus, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alexander M Garner
- Department of Chemistry Okanagan campus, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rachael K H Yoo
- Department of Chemistry Okanagan campus, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wesley F Zandberg
- Department of Chemistry Okanagan campus, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amy Botta
- Department of Biology Okanagan campus, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Monika A Gorzelak
- Department of Biology Okanagan campus, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Deanna L Gibson
- Department of Biology Okanagan campus, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Slater SL, Frankel G. Advances and Challenges in Studying Type III Secretion Effectors of Attaching and Effacing Pathogens. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:337. [PMID: 32733819 PMCID: PMC7358347 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina L Slater
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gad Frankel
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Carson D, Barry R, Hopkins EGD, Roumeliotis TI, García-Weber D, Mullineaux-Sanders C, Elinav E, Arrieumerlou C, Choudhary JS, Frankel G. Citrobacter rodentium induces rapid and unique metabolic and inflammatory responses in mice suffering from severe disease. Cell Microbiol 2019; 22:e13126. [PMID: 31610608 PMCID: PMC7003488 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The mouse pathogen Citrobacter rodentium is used to model infections with enterohaemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EHEC and EPEC). Pathogenesis is commonly modelled in mice developing mild disease (e.g., C57BL/6). However, little is known about host responses in mice exhibiting severe colitis (e.g., C3H/HeN), which arguably provide a more clinically relevant model for human paediatric enteric infection. Infection of C3H/HeN mice with C. rodentium results in rapid colonic colonisation, coinciding with induction of key inflammatory signatures and colonic crypt hyperplasia. Infection also induces dramatic changes to bioenergetics in intestinal epithelial cells, with transition from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to aerobic glycolysis and higher abundance of SGLT4, LDHA, and MCT4. Concomitantly, mitochondrial proteins involved in the TCA cycle and OXPHOS were in lower abundance. Similar to observations in C57BL/6 mice, we detected simultaneous activation of cholesterol biogenesis, import, and efflux. Distinctly, however, the pattern recognition receptors NLRP3 and ALPK1 were specifically induced in C3H/HeN. Using cell‐based assays revealed that C. rodentium activates the ALPK1/TIFA axis, which is dependent on the ADP‐heptose biosynthesis pathway but independent of the Type III secretion system. This study reveals for the first time the unfolding intestinal epithelial cells' responses during severe infectious colitis, which resemble EPEC human infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Carson
- Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rachael Barry
- Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Eve G D Hopkins
- Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Theodoros I Roumeliotis
- Functional Proteomics Group, Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Diego García-Weber
- Inserm U1016, Institute Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Mullineaux-Sanders
- Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Eran Elinav
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Cécile Arrieumerlou
- Inserm U1016, Institute Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 8104, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Jyoti S Choudhary
- Functional Proteomics Group, Chester Beatty Laboratories, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Gad Frankel
- Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Citrobacter rodentium-host-microbiota interactions: immunity, bioenergetics and metabolism. Nat Rev Microbiol 2019; 17:701-715. [PMID: 31541196 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-019-0252-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Citrobacter rodentium is an extracellular enteric mouse-specific pathogen used to model infections with human pathogenic Escherichia coli and inflammatory bowel disease. C. rodentium injects type III secretion system effectors into intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to target inflammatory, metabolic and cell survival pathways and establish infection. While the host responds to infection by activating innate and adaptive immune signalling, required for clearance, the IECs respond by rapidly shifting bioenergetics to aerobic glycolysis, which leads to oxygenation of the epithelium, an instant expansion of mucosal-associated commensal Enterobacteriaceae and a decline of obligate anaerobes. Moreover, infected IECs reprogramme intracellular metabolic pathways, characterized by simultaneous activation of cholesterol biogenesis, import and efflux, leading to increased serum and faecal cholesterol levels. In this Review we summarize recent advances highlighting the intimate relationship between C. rodentium pathogenesis, metabolism and the gut microbiota.
Collapse
|
13
|
Mukherjee T, Balaji KN. The WNT Framework in Shaping Immune Cell Responses During Bacterial Infections. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1985. [PMID: 31497020 PMCID: PMC6712069 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A large proportion of the world is inflicted with health concerns arising from infectious diseases. Moreover, there is a widespread emergence of antibiotic resistance among major infectious agents, partially stemming from their continuous dialog with the host, and their enormous capacity to remodel the latter toward a secure niche. Among the several infection-driven events, moderation of WNT signaling pathway has been identified to be strategically tuned during infections to govern host-pathogen interactions. Primarily known for its role in arbitrating early embryonic developmental events; aberrant activation of the WNT pathway has also been associated with immunological consequences during diverse patho-physiological conditions. Here, we review the different mechanisms by which components of WNT signaling pathways are exploited by discrete bacterial agents for their pathogenesis. Furthermore, recent advances on the cross-talk of WNT with other signaling pathways, the varied modes of WNT-mediated alteration of gene expression, and WNT-dependent post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation of the immune landscape during distinct bacterial infections would be highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Mukherjee
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Martins R, Carlos AR, Braza F, Thompson JA, Bastos-Amador P, Ramos S, Soares MP. Disease Tolerance as an Inherent Component of Immunity. Annu Rev Immunol 2019; 37:405-437. [PMID: 30673535 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-042718-041739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic organisms exert a negative impact on host health, revealed by the clinical signs of infectious diseases. Immunity limits the severity of infectious diseases through resistance mechanisms that sense and target pathogens for containment, killing, or expulsion. These resistance mechanisms are viewed as the prevailing function of immunity. Under pathophysiologic conditions, however, immunity arises in response to infections that carry health and fitness costs to the host. Therefore, additional defense mechanisms are required to limit these costs, before immunity becomes operational as well as thereafter to avoid immunopathology. These are tissue damage control mechanisms that adjust the metabolic output of host tissues to different forms of stress and damage associated with infection. Disease tolerance is the term used to define this defense strategy, which does not exert a direct impact on pathogens but is essential to limit the health and fitness costs of infection. Under this argument, we propose that disease tolerance is an inherent component of immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Martins
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | | | - Faouzi Braza
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | | | | | - Susana Ramos
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kang E, Crouse A, Chevallier L, Pontier SM, Alzahrani A, Silué N, Campbell-Valois FX, Montagutelli X, Gruenheid S, Malo D. Enterobacteria and host resistance to infection. Mamm Genome 2018; 29:558-576. [PMID: 29785663 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-018-9749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Enterobacteriaceae are a large family of Gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacteria. Although many species exist as part of the natural flora of animals including humans, some members are associated with both intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. In this review, we focus on members of this family that have important roles in human disease: Salmonella, Escherichia, Shigella, and Yersinia, providing a brief overview of the disease caused by these bacteria, highlighting the contribution of animal models to our understanding of their pathogenesis and of host genetic determinants involved in susceptibility or resistance to infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Kang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill Research Center on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alanna Crouse
- McGill Research Center on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lucie Chevallier
- U955 - IMRB, Team 10 - Biology of the neuromuscular system, Inserm, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, UPEC, Maisons-Alfort, France
- Mouse Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie M Pontier
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Chemical and Synthetic Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ashwag Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Chemical and Synthetic Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Navoun Silué
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Chemical and Synthetic Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - François-Xavier Campbell-Valois
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Chemical and Synthetic Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Xavier Montagutelli
- U955 - IMRB, Team 10 - Biology of the neuromuscular system, Inserm, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, UPEC, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Samantha Gruenheid
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill Research Center on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Danielle Malo
- McGill Research Center on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|