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Szász I, Koroknai V, Várvölgyi T, Pál L, Szűcs S, Pikó P, Emri G, Janka E, Szabó IL, Ádány R, Balázs M. Identification of Plasma Lipid Alterations Associated with Melanoma Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4251. [PMID: 38673837 PMCID: PMC11050015 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to apply a state-of-the-art quantitative lipidomic profiling platform to uncover lipid alterations predictive of melanoma progression. Our study included 151 melanoma patients; of these, 83 were without metastasis and 68 with metastases. Plasma samples were analyzed using a targeted Lipidyzer™ platform, covering 13 lipid classes and over 1100 lipid species. Following quality control filters, 802 lipid species were included in the subsequent analyses. Total plasma lipid contents were significantly reduced in patients with metastasis. Specifically, levels of two out of the thirteen lipid classes (free fatty acids (FFAs) and lactosylceramides (LCERs)) were significantly decreased in patients with metastasis. Three lipids (CE(12:0), FFA(24:1), and TAG47:2-FA16:1) were identified as more effective predictors of melanoma metastasis than the well-known markers LDH and S100B. Furthermore, the predictive value substantially improved upon combining the lipid markers. We observed an increase in the cumulative levels of five lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC(16:0); LPC(18:0); LPC(18:1); LPC(18:2); LPC(20:4)), each individually associated with an elevated risk of lymph node metastasis but not cutaneous or distant metastasis. Additionally, seventeen lipid molecules were linked to patient survival, four of which (CE(12:0), CE(14:0), CE(15:0), SM(14:0)) overlapped with the lipid panel predicting metastasis. This study represents the first comprehensive investigation of the plasma lipidome of melanoma patients to date. Our findings suggest that plasma lipid profiles may serve as important biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes of melanoma patients, including the presence of metastasis, and may also serve as indicators of patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Szász
- HUN-REN-UD Public Health Research Group, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.S.); (R.Á.)
| | - Viktória Koroknai
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary; (V.K.); (L.P.); (S.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Tünde Várvölgyi
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.V.); (G.E.); (E.J.); (I.L.S.)
| | - László Pál
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary; (V.K.); (L.P.); (S.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Sándor Szűcs
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary; (V.K.); (L.P.); (S.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Péter Pikó
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary; (V.K.); (L.P.); (S.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Gabriella Emri
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.V.); (G.E.); (E.J.); (I.L.S.)
| | - Eszter Janka
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.V.); (G.E.); (E.J.); (I.L.S.)
| | - Imre Lőrinc Szabó
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.V.); (G.E.); (E.J.); (I.L.S.)
| | - Róza Ádány
- HUN-REN-UD Public Health Research Group, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.S.); (R.Á.)
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary; (V.K.); (L.P.); (S.S.); (P.P.)
| | - Margit Balázs
- HUN-REN-UD Public Health Research Group, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.S.); (R.Á.)
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, Hungary; (V.K.); (L.P.); (S.S.); (P.P.)
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Erazo-Oliveras A, Muñoz-Vega M, Salinas ML, Wang X, Chapkin RS. Dysregulation of cellular membrane homeostasis as a crucial modulator of cancer risk. FEBS J 2024; 291:1299-1352. [PMID: 36282100 PMCID: PMC10126207 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cellular membranes serve as an epicentre combining extracellular and cytosolic components with membranous effectors, which together support numerous fundamental cellular signalling pathways that mediate biological responses. To execute their functions, membrane proteins, lipids and carbohydrates arrange, in a highly coordinated manner, into well-defined assemblies displaying diverse biological and biophysical characteristics that modulate several signalling events. The loss of membrane homeostasis can trigger oncogenic signalling. More recently, it has been documented that select membrane active dietaries (MADs) can reshape biological membranes and subsequently decrease cancer risk. In this review, we emphasize the significance of membrane domain structure, organization and their signalling functionalities as well as how loss of membrane homeostasis can steer aberrant signalling. Moreover, we describe in detail the complexities associated with the examination of these membrane domains and their association with cancer. Finally, we summarize the current literature on MADs and their effects on cellular membranes, including various mechanisms of dietary chemoprevention/interception and the functional links between nutritional bioactives, membrane homeostasis and cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Erazo-Oliveras
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Mónica Muñoz-Vega
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Michael L. Salinas
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Robert S. Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Center for Environmental Health Research; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
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Ahmad AF, Caparrós-Martin JA, Gray N, Lodge S, Wist J, Lee S, O'Gara F, Dwivedi G, Ward NC. Gut microbiota and metabolomics profiles in patients with chronic stable angina and acute coronary syndrome. Physiol Genomics 2024; 56:48-64. [PMID: 37811721 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00072.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The gut microbiota and its associated metabolites may be involved in the development and progression of CVD, although the mechanisms and impact on clinical outcomes are not fully understood. This study investigated the gut microbiome profile and associated metabolites in patients with chronic stable angina (CSA) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) compared with healthy controls. Bacterial alpha diversity in stool from patients with ACS or CSA was comparable to healthy controls at both baseline and follow-up visits. Differential abundance analysis identified operational taxonomic units (OTUs) assigned to commensal taxa differentiating patients with ACS from healthy controls at both baseline and follow-up. Patients with CSA and ACS had significantly higher levels of trimethylamine N-oxide compared with healthy controls (CSA: 0.032 ± 0.023 mmol/L, P < 0.01 vs. healthy, and ACS: 0.032 ± 0.023 mmol/L, P = 0.02 vs. healthy, respectively). Patients with ACS had reduced levels of propionate and butyrate (119 ± 4 vs. 139 ± 5.1 µM, P = 0.001, and 14 ± 4.3 vs. 23.5 ± 8.1 µM, P < 0.001, respectively), as well as elevated serum sCD14 (2245 ± 75.1 vs. 1834 ± 45.8 ng/mL, P < 0.0001) and sCD163 levels (457.3 ± 31.8 vs. 326.8 ± 20.7 ng/mL, P = 0.001), compared with healthy controls at baseline. Furthermore, a modified small molecule metabolomic and lipidomic signature was observed in patients with CSA and ACS compared with healthy controls. These findings provide evidence of a link between gut microbiome composition and gut bacterial metabolites with CVD. Future time course studies in patients to observe temporal changes and subsequent associations with gut microbiome composition are required to provide insight into how these are affected by transient changes following an acute coronary event.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The study found discriminative microorganisms differentiating patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) from healthy controls. In addition, reduced levels of certain bacterial metabolites and elevated sCD14 and sCD163 were observed in patients with ACS compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, modified small molecule metabolomic and lipidomic signatures were found in both patient groups. Although it is not known whether these differences in profiles are associated with disease development and/or progression, the findings provide exciting options for potential new disease-related mechanism(s) and associated therapeutic target(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilah F Ahmad
- Department of Advanced Clinical and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jose A Caparrós-Martin
- Wal-Yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicola Gray
- Australian National Phenome Centre and Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Samantha Lodge
- Australian National Phenome Centre and Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Julien Wist
- Australian National Phenome Centre and Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Silvia Lee
- Department of Advanced Clinical and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fergal O'Gara
- Wal-Yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- BIOMERIT Research Centre, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Girish Dwivedi
- Department of Advanced Clinical and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Natalie C Ward
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Cai J, Chong CCY, Cheng CY, Lim CC, Sabanayagam C. Circulating Metabolites and Cardiovascular Disease in Asians with Chronic Kidney Disease. Cardiorenal Med 2023; 13:301-309. [PMID: 37669626 PMCID: PMC10664326 DOI: 10.1159/000533741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing public health problem, with significant burden of cardiovascular disease and mortality. The risk of cardiovascular disease in CKD is elevated beyond that predicted by traditional cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting that other factors may account for this increased risk. Through metabolic profiling, this study aimed to investigate the associations between serum metabolites and prevalent cardiovascular disease in Asian patients with CKD to provide insights into the complex interactions between metabolism, cardiovascular disease and CKD. METHODS This was a single-center cross-sectional study of 1,122 individuals from three ethnic cohorts in the population-based Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Disease (SEED) study (153 Chinese, 262 Indians, and 707 Malays) aged 40-80 years with CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2). Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to quantify 228 metabolites from the participants' serum or plasma. Prevalent cardiovascular disease was defined as self-reported myocardial infarction, angina, or stroke. Multivariate logistic regression identified metabolites independently associated with cardiovascular disease in each ethnic cohort. Metabolites with the same direction of association with cardiovascular disease in all three cohorts were selected and subjected to meta-analysis. RESULTS Cardiovascular disease was present in 275 (24.5%). Participants with cardiovascular disease tend to be male; of older age; with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes; with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP); lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol than those without cardiovascular disease. After adjusting for age, sex, systolic BP, diabetes, total cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol, 10 lipoprotein subclass ratios and 6 other metabolites were significantly associated with prevalent cardiovascular disease in at least one cohort. Meta-analysis with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons found that lower tyrosine, leucine, and valine concentrations and lower cholesteryl esters to total lipid ratio in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) were associated with cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSION In Chinese, Indian, and Malay participants with CKD, prevalent cardiovascular disease was associated with tyrosine, leucine, valine, and cholesteryl esters to total lipid ratios in IDL. Increased cardiovascular risk in CKD patients may be contributed by altered amino acid and lipoprotein metabolism. The presence of CKD and ethnic differences may affect interactions between metabolites in health and disease, hence greater understanding will allow us to better risk stratify patients, and also individualize care with consideration of ethnic disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashen Cai
- Department of Renal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Medicine Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ching Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cynthia Ciwei Lim
- Department of Renal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore
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Domingues N, Gaifem J, Matthiesen R, Saraiva DP, Bento L, Marques ARA, Soares MIL, Sampaio J, Klose C, Surma MA, Almeida MS, Rodrigues G, Gonçalves PA, Ferreira J, E Melo RG, Pedro LM, Simons K, Pinho E Melo TMVD, Cabral MG, Jacinto A, Silvestre R, Vaz W, Vieira OV. Cholesteryl hemiazelate identified in CVD patients causes in vitro and in vivo inflammation. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100419. [PMID: 37482218 PMCID: PMC10450993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidation of PUFAs in LDLs trapped in the arterial intima plays a critical role in atherosclerosis. Though there have been many studies on the atherogenicity of oxidized derivatives of PUFA-esters of cholesterol, the effects of cholesteryl hemiesters (ChEs), the oxidation end products of these esters, have not been studied. Through lipidomics analyses, we identified and quantified two ChE types in the plasma of CVD patients and identified four ChE types in human endarterectomy specimens. Cholesteryl hemiazelate (ChA), the ChE of azelaic acid (n-nonane-1,9-dioic acid), was the most prevalent ChE identified in both cases. Importantly, human monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, and neutrophils exhibit inflammatory features when exposed to subtoxic concentrations of ChA in vitro. ChA increases the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 and modulates the surface-marker profile of monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophage. In vivo, when zebrafish larvae were fed with a ChA-enriched diet, they exhibited neutrophil and macrophage accumulation in the vasculature in a caspase 1- and cathepsin B-dependent manner. ChA also triggered lipid accumulation at the bifurcation sites of the vasculature of the zebrafish larvae and negatively impacted their life expectancy. We conclude that ChA behaves as an endogenous damage-associated molecular pattern with inflammatory and proatherogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neuza Domingues
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, (NMS, FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Gaifem
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Portugal and ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rune Matthiesen
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, (NMS, FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diana P Saraiva
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, (NMS, FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís Bento
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, (NMS, FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - André R A Marques
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, (NMS, FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria I L Soares
- Department of Chemistry, Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Institute of Molecular Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Manuel S Almeida
- Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Gustavo Rodrigues
- Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Carnaxide, Portugal
| | | | - Jorge Ferreira
- Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Ryan Gouveia E Melo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitario Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís Mendes Pedro
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitario Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Teresa M V D Pinho E Melo
- Department of Chemistry, Coimbra Chemistry Centre, Institute of Molecular Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M Guadalupe Cabral
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, (NMS, FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Antonio Jacinto
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, (NMS, FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Silvestre
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Portugal and ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Winchil Vaz
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, (NMS, FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Otília V Vieira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, (NMS, FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Law SH, Chan HC, Ke GM, Kamatam S, Marathe GK, Ponnusamy VK, Ke LY. Untargeted Lipidomic Profiling Reveals Lysophosphatidylcholine and Ceramide as Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086956. [PMID: 37108120 PMCID: PMC10138920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability and use of numerous cholesterol-lowering drugs, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the leading cause of mortality globally. Many researchers have focused their effort on identifying modified lipoproteins. However, lipid moieties such as lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and ceramide (CER) contribute to atherogenic events. LPC and CER both cause endothelial mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to fatty acid and triglyceride (TG) accumulation. In addition, they cause immune cells to differentiate into proinflammatory phenotypes. To uncover alternative therapeutic approaches other than cholesterol- and TG-lowering medications, we conducted untargeted lipidomic investigations to assess the alteration of lipid profiles in apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE-/-) mouse model, with or without feeding a high-fat diet (HFD). Results indicated that, in addition to hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia, LPC levels were two to four times higher in apoE-/- mice compared to wild-type mice in C57BL/6 background, regardless of whether they were 8 or 16 weeks old. Sphingomyelin (SM) and CER were elevated three- to five-fold in apoE-/- mice both at the basal level and after 16 weeks when compared to wild-type mice. After HFD treatment, the difference in CER levels elevated more than ten-fold. Considering the atherogenic properties of LPC and CER, they may also contribute to the early onset of atherosclerosis in apoE-/- mice. In summary, the HFD-fed apoE-/- mouse shows elevated LPC and CER contents and is a suitable model for developing LPC- and CER-lowering therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hui Law
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Chen Chan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ming Ke
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Swetha Kamatam
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru 570006, India
| | - Gopal Kedihithlu Marathe
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru 570006, India
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Kolb LN, Othman A, Rohrer L, Krützfeldt J, von Eckardstein A. Altered Distribution of Unesterified Cholesterol among Lipoprotein Subfractions of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030497. [PMID: 36979432 PMCID: PMC10046057 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are important tools to improve the early detection of patients at high risk for developing diabetes as well as the stratification of diabetic patients towards risks of complications. In addition to clinical variables, we analyzed 155 metabolic parameters in plasma samples of 51 healthy volunteers and 66 patients with diabetes using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry. Upon elastic net analysis with lasso regression, we confirmed the independent associations of diabetes with branched-chain amino acids and lactate (both positive) as well as linoleic acid in plasma and HDL diameter (both inverse). In addition, we found the presence of diabetes independently associated with lower concentrations of free cholesterol in plasma but higher concentrations of free cholesterol in small HDL. Compared to plasmas of non-diabetic controls, plasmas of diabetic subjects contained lower absolute and relative concentrations of free cholesterol in all LDL and HDL subclasses except small HDL but higher absolute and relative concentrations of free cholesterol in all VLDL subclasses (except very small VLDL). These disbalances may reflect disturbances in the transfer of free cholesterol from VLDL to HDL during lipolysis and in the transfer of cell-derived cholesterol from small HDL via larger HDL to LDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Noemi Kolb
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alaa Othman
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, CH-8049 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Rohrer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Krützfeldt
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zurich, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arnold von Eckardstein
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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Quantitative NMR-Based Lipoprotein Analysis Identifies Elevated HDL-4 and Triglycerides in the Serum of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012472. [PMID: 36293327 PMCID: PMC9604278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly and has been associated with changes in lipoprotein metabolism. We performed quantitative lipoprotein analysis in a local cohort of cognitively impaired elderly and control subjects using standardized nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A commercially available quantitative NMR-based assay covering 112 lipoprotein main and subtype variables was used to investigate blood serum samples from a moderate cohort size of 161 persons (71 female, 90 male), including measures of quality control. Additionally, clinical metadata and cerebrospinal fluid AD biomarkers were collected and used for analysis. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) HDL-4 subfraction levels were mostly high in female individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), followed by AD. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) LDL-2 cholesterol was slightly elevated in male AD patients. HDL-2 apolipoprotein Apo-A1, HDL-2 phospholipids, and HDL-3 triglycerides were highly abundant in AD and MCI women compared to men. When considering clinical biomarkers (Aβ, tau), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) VLDL-1 and intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) triglycerides were substantially higher in AD compared to MCI. In addition, triglyceride levels correlated positively with dementia. Different lipoprotein serum patterns were identified for AD, MCI, and control subjects. Interestingly, HDL-4 and LDL-2 cholesterol parameters revealed strong gender-specific changes in the context of AD-driven dementia. As gender-based comparisons were based on smaller sub-groups with a low n-number, several statistical findings did not meet the significance threshold for multiple comparisons testing. Still, our finding suggests that serum HDL-4 parameters and various triglycerides correlate positively with AD pathology which could be a read-out of extended lipids traveling through the blood-brain barrier, supporting amyloid plaque formation processes. Thereof, we see herein a proof of concept that this quantitative NMR-based lipoprotein assay can generate important and highly interesting data for refined AD diagnosis and patient stratification, especially when larger cohorts are available.
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Smutná T, Dumková J, Kristeková D, Laštovičková M, Jedličková A, Vrlíková L, Dočekal B, Alexa L, Kotasová H, Pelková V, Večeřa Z, Křůmal K, Petráš J, Coufalík P, Všianský D, Záchej S, Pinkas D, Vondráček J, Hampl A, Mikuška P, Buchtová M. Macrophage-mediated tissue response evoked by subchronic inhalation of lead oxide nanoparticles is associated with the alteration of phospholipases C and cholesterol transporters. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:52. [PMID: 35922858 PMCID: PMC9351260 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inhalation of lead oxide nanoparticles (PbO NPs), which are emitted to the environment by high-temperature technological processes, heavily impairs target organs. These nanoparticles pass through the lung barrier and are distributed via the blood into secondary target organs, where they cause numerous pathological alterations. Here, we studied in detail, macrophages as specialized cells involved in the innate and adaptive immune response in selected target organs to unravel their potential involvement in reaction to subchronic PbO NP inhalation. In this context, we also tackled possible alterations in lipid uptake in the lungs and liver, which is usually associated with foam macrophage formation. Results The histopathological analysis of PbO NP exposed lung revealed serious chronic inflammation of lung tissues. The number of total and foam macrophages was significantly increased in lung, and they contained numerous cholesterol crystals. PbO NP inhalation induced changes in expression of phospholipases C (PLC) as enzymes linked to macrophage-mediated inflammation in lungs. In the liver, the subchronic inhalation of PbO NPs caused predominantly hyperemia, microsteatosis or remodeling of the liver parenchyma, and the number of liver macrophages also significantly was increased. The gene and protein expression of a cholesterol transporter CD36, which is associated with lipid metabolism, was altered in the liver. The amount of selected cholesteryl esters (CE 16:0, CE 18:1, CE 20:4, CE 22:6) in liver tissue was decreased after subchronic PbO NP inhalation, while total and free cholesterol in liver tissue was slightly increased. Gene and protein expression of phospholipase PLCβ1 and receptor CD36 in human hepatocytes were affected also in in vitro experiments after acute PbO NP exposure. No microscopic or serious functional kidney alterations were detected after subchronic PbO NP exposure and CD68 positive cells were present in the physiological mode in its interstitial tissues. Conclusion Our study revealed the association of increased cholesterol and lipid storage in targeted tissues with the alteration of scavenger receptors and phospholipases C after subchronic inhalation of PbO NPs and yet uncovered processes, which can contribute to steatosis in liver after metal nanoparticles exposure. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-022-00494-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Smutná
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Dumková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Kristeková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Laštovičková
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adriena Jedličková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Vrlíková
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Dočekal
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Alexa
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kotasová
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Pelková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Večeřa
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Křůmal
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Petráš
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Coufalík
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Všianský
- Department of Geological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Dominik Pinkas
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility of the Microscopy Centre, Institute of Molecular Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 612 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Mikuška
- Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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10
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Wang JC, Liu XC, Cao P, Li S, Hu BY, Jia SL, Yan P, Du ZF, Jiang HL. Qualitative Distribution of Endogenous Cholesteryl Esters in Plasma of Humans and Three Rodent Species Using Stepwise UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:692-701. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2577-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Mocciaro G, D’Amore S, Jenkins B, Kay R, Murgia A, Herrera-Marcos LV, Neun S, Sowton AP, Hall Z, Palma-Duran SA, Palasciano G, Reimann F, Murray A, Suppressa P, Sabbà C, Moschetta A, Koulman A, Griffin JL, Vacca M. Lipidomic Approaches to Study HDL Metabolism in Patients with Central Obesity Diagnosed with Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6786. [PMID: 35743227 PMCID: PMC9223701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors characterised by central obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, and changes in the circulating lipidome; the underlying mechanisms that lead to this lipid remodelling have only been partially elucidated. This study used an integrated "omics" approach (untargeted whole serum lipidomics, targeted proteomics, and lipoprotein lipidomics) to study lipoprotein remodelling and HDL composition in subjects with central obesity diagnosed with MetS (vs. controls). Compared with healthy subjects, MetS patients showed higher free fatty acids, diglycerides, phosphatidylcholines, and triglycerides, particularly those enriched in products of de novo lipogenesis. On the other hand, the "lysophosphatidylcholines to phosphatidylcholines" and "cholesteryl ester to free cholesterol" ratios were reduced, pointing to a lower activity of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) in MetS; LCAT activity (directly measured and predicted by lipidomic ratios) was positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance. Moreover, many phosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins were significantly lower in the HDL of MetS patients and strongly correlated with BMI and clinical metabolic parameters. These results suggest that MetS is associated with an impairment of phospholipid metabolism in HDL, partially led by LCAT, and associated with obesity and underlying insulin resistance. This study proposes a candidate strategy to use integrated "omics" approaches to gain mechanistic insights into lipoprotein remodelling, thus deepening the knowledge regarding the molecular basis of the association between MetS and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Mocciaro
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK; (G.M.); (A.M.); (S.N.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Clinica Medica “C. Frugoni”, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (P.S.); (C.S.); (A.M.)
- Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London SE5 9NT, UK
| | - Simona D’Amore
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, “Aldo Moro” University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Benjamin Jenkins
- Welcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (B.J.); (R.K.); (F.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Richard Kay
- Welcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (B.J.); (R.K.); (F.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Antonio Murgia
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK; (G.M.); (A.M.); (S.N.); (Z.H.)
| | - Luis Vicente Herrera-Marcos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Stefanie Neun
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK; (G.M.); (A.M.); (S.N.); (Z.H.)
| | - Alice P. Sowton
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; (A.P.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Zoe Hall
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK; (G.M.); (A.M.); (S.N.); (Z.H.)
- Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Susana Alejandra Palma-Duran
- Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Giuseppe Palasciano
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, “Aldo Moro” University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Frank Reimann
- Welcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (B.J.); (R.K.); (F.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Andrew Murray
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK; (A.P.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Patrizia Suppressa
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Clinica Medica “C. Frugoni”, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (P.S.); (C.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Carlo Sabbà
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Clinica Medica “C. Frugoni”, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (P.S.); (C.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Moschetta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Clinica Medica “C. Frugoni”, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (P.S.); (C.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Albert Koulman
- Welcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (B.J.); (R.K.); (F.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Julian L. Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK; (G.M.); (A.M.); (S.N.); (Z.H.)
- Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
- Rowlett Institute, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Michele Vacca
- Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK; (G.M.); (A.M.); (S.N.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Clinica Medica “C. Frugoni”, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (P.S.); (C.S.); (A.M.)
- Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London SE5 9NT, UK
- Welcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science Metabolic Research Laboratories, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (B.J.); (R.K.); (F.R.); (A.K.)
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12
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Lipidomics in Understanding Pathophysiology and Pharmacologic Effects in Inflammatory Diseases: Considerations for Drug Development. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040333. [PMID: 35448520 PMCID: PMC9030008 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The lipidome has a broad range of biological and signaling functions, including serving as a structural scaffold for membranes and initiating and resolving inflammation. To investigate the biological activity of phospholipids and their bioactive metabolites, precise analytical techniques are necessary to identify specific lipids and quantify their levels. Simultaneous quantification of a set of lipids can be achieved using high sensitivity mass spectrometry (MS) techniques, whose technological advancements have significantly improved over the last decade. This has unlocked the power of metabolomics/lipidomics allowing the dynamic characterization of metabolic systems. Lipidomics is a subset of metabolomics for multianalyte identification and quantification of endogenous lipids and their metabolites. Lipidomics-based technology has the potential to drive novel biomarker discovery and therapeutic development programs; however, appropriate standards have not been established for the field. Standardization would improve lipidomic analyses and accelerate the development of innovative therapies. This review aims to summarize considerations for lipidomic study designs including instrumentation, sample stabilization, data validation, and data analysis. In addition, this review highlights how lipidomics can be applied to biomarker discovery and drug mechanism dissection in various inflammatory diseases including cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, lung disease, and autoimmune disease.
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13
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Zhang R, Han Y, McClements DJ, Xu D, Chen S. Production, Characterization, Delivery, and Cholesterol-Lowering Mechanism of Phytosterols: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:2483-2494. [PMID: 35170307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytosterols are natural plant-based bioactive compounds that can lower blood cholesterol levels and help prevent cardiovascular diseases. Consequently, they are being utilized in functional foods, supplements, and pharmaceutical products designed to improve human health. This paper summarizes different approaches to isolate, purify, and characterize phytosterols. It also discusses the hypolipidemic mechanisms of phytosterols and their impact on cholesterol transportation. Phytosterols have a low water-solubility, poor chemical stability, and limited bioavailability, which limits their utilization and efficacy in functional foods. Strategies are therefore being developed to overcome these shortcomings. Colloidal delivery systems, such as emulsions, oleogels, liposomes, and nanoparticles, have been shown to be effective at improving the water-dispersibility, stability, and bioavailability of phytosterols. These delivery systems can be used to incorporate phytosterols into a broader range of cholesterol-lowering functional foods and beverages. We also discuses several issues that need to be addressed before these phytosterol delivery systems can find widespread commercial utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yahong Han
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Duoxia Xu
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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14
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Silva LMR, Velásquez ZD, López-Osorio S, Hermosilla C, Taubert A. Novel Insights Into Sterol Uptake and Intracellular Cholesterol Trafficking During Eimeria bovis Macromeront Formation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:809606. [PMID: 35223543 PMCID: PMC8878908 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.809606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Apicomplexan parasites are considered as defective in cholesterol synthesis. Consequently, they need to scavenge cholesterol from the host cell by either enhancing the uptake of extracellular cholesterol sources or by upregulating host cellular de-novo biosynthesis. Given that Eimeria bovis macromeront formation in bovine lymphatic endothelial host cells in vivo is a highly cholesterol-demanding process, we here examined host parasite interactions based on host cellular uptake of different low-density lipoprotein (LDL) types, i.e., of non-modified (LDL), oxidized (oxLDL), and acetylated LDL (acLDL). Furthermore, the expression of lipoprotein-oxidized receptor 1 (LOX-1), which mediates acLDL and oxLDL internalization, was monitored throughout first merogony, in vitro and ex vivo. Moreover, the effects of inhibitors blocking exogenous sterol uptake or intracellular transport were studied during E. bovis macromeront formation in vitro. Hence, E. bovis-infected primary bovine umbilical vein endothelial cells (BUVEC) were treated with inhibitors of sterol uptake (ezetimibe, poly-C, poly-I, sucrose) and of intracellular sterol transport and release from endosomes (progesterone, U18666A). As a read-out system, the size and number of macromeronts as well as merozoite I production were estimated. Overall, the internalization of all LDL modifications (LDL, oxLDL, acLDL) was observed in E. bovis-infected BUVEC but to different extents. Supplementation with oxLDL and acLDL at lower concentrations (5 and 10 µg/ml, respectively) resulted in a slight increase of both macromeront numbers and size; however, at higher concentrations (25–50 µg/ml), merozoite I production was diminished. LOX-1 expression was enhanced in E. bovis-infected BUVEC, especially toward the end of merogony. As an interesting finding, ezetimibe treatments led to a highly significant blockage of macromeront development and merozoite I production confirming the relevance of sterol uptake for intracellular parasite development. Less prominent effects were induced by non-specific inhibition of LDL internalization via sucrose, poly-I, and poly-C. In addition, blockage of cholesterol transport via progesterone and U18666A treatments resulted in significant inhibition of parasite development. Overall, current data underline the relevance of exogenous sterol uptake and intracellular cholesterol transport for adequate E. bovis macromeront development, unfolding new perspectives for novel drug targets against E. bovis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana M. R. Silva
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Liliana M. R. Silva,
| | - Zahady D. Velásquez
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sara López-Osorio
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Veterinary Medicine School, CIBAV Investigation Group, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Carlos Hermosilla
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anja Taubert
- Institute of Parasitology, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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15
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Chen F, Liu B. Sleeve gastrectomy suppresses hepatic de novo cholesterogenesis and improves hepatic cholesterol accumulation in obese rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nutrition 2022; 94:111531. [PMID: 34952362 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cholesterol metabolic disturbance increases the risk of various acquired diseases and affects public health. An apparent correlation between hypercholesterolemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was confirmed recently. Bariatric surgery can induce durable and sufficient loss of body weight and T2DM remission. A previous study illustrated a cholesterol-lowering effect of sleeve gastrectomy (SG), but the intrinsic mechanism is still elusive. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of SG on hypercholesterolemia and hepatic cholesterol accumulation in a T2DM rat model. METHODS Obese rats with T2DM were randomly subjected to sham operation, sham operation combined with food restriction, or SG. Body weight, food intake, blood glucose, body composition, and cholesterol level were measured at the indicated time points. Subsequently, hepatic cholesterol content and both protein and transcriptional levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, and low-density lipoprotein receptor were measured at 2 and 4 wk postoperatively. RESULTS SG rapidly reduced blood glucose independent of loss of body weight and food restriction. Rats that underwent SG exhibited lower total cholesterol and free cholesterol in both serum and liver. The cholesterol-lowering effect was independent of loss of body weight and food restriction at just 2 wk postoperatively. Protein and mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, and low-density lipoprotein receptor were inhibited at 2 wk postoperatively and recovered by 4 wk after SG. CONCLUSION SG alleviated hypercholesterolemia and hepatic cholesterol accumulation partially by inhibiting hepatic de novo cholesterogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Bingyang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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16
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Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis of the Serum Metabolic Signature of Childhood Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14010214. [PMID: 35011090 PMCID: PMC8747180 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity rates among children are growing rapidly worldwide, placing massive pressure on healthcare systems. Untargeted metabolomics can expand our understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity and elucidate mechanisms related to its symptoms. However, the metabolic signatures of obesity in children have not been thoroughly investigated. Herein, we explored metabolites associated with obesity development in childhood. Untargeted metabolomic profiling was performed on fasting serum samples from 27 obese Caucasian children and adolescents and 15 sex- and age-matched normal-weight children. Three metabolomic assays were combined and yielded 726 unique identified metabolites: gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HILIC LC–MS/MS), and lipidomics. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed clear discrimination between the untargeted metabolomes of obese and normal-weight children, with 162 significantly differentially expressed metabolites between groups. Children with obesity had higher concentrations of branch-chained amino acids and various lipid metabolites, including phosphatidylcholines, cholesteryl esters, triglycerides. Thus, an early manifestation of obesity pathogenesis and its metabolic consequences in the serum metabolome are correlated with altered lipid metabolism. Obesity metabolite patterns in the adult population were very similar to the metabolic signature of childhood obesity. Identified metabolites could be potential biomarkers and used to study obesity pathomechanisms.
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Lara-Guzmán OJ, Álvarez R, Muñoz-Durango K. Changes in the plasma lipidome of healthy subjects after coffee consumption reveal potential cardiovascular benefits: A randomized controlled trial. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 176:345-355. [PMID: 34648905 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism dysregulation is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Specific oxidized lipids are recognized CVD biomarkers involved in all stages of atherosclerosis, including foam cell formation. Moderate coffee intake is positively associated with cardiovascular health. A randomized, controlled (n = 25) clinical trial was conducted in healthy subjects to assess the changes in lipid species relevant to CVD (main inclusion criteria: coffee drinkers, nonsmokers, with no history and/or diagnosis of chronic disease and not consuming any medications). Volunteers consumed a coffee beverage (400 mL/day) containing either 787 mg (coffee A; n = 24) or 407 mg (coffee B; n = 25) of chlorogenic acids for eight weeks. We measured the total plasma levels of 46 lipids, including fatty acids, sterols, and oxysterols, at baseline and after eight weeks and assessed the effects of chlorogenic and phenolic acids, the major coffee antioxidants, in an in vitro foam cell model via targeted lipidomics. At baseline (n = 74), all participants presented oxysterols and free fatty acids (FFAs) (CVD risk markers), which are closely correlated to among them, but not with the classical clinical variables (lipid profile, waist circumference, and BMI). After eight weeks, the control group lipidome showed an increase in oxysterols (+7 ± 10%) and was strongly correlated with FFAs (e.g., arachidonic acid) and cholesteryl ester reduction (-13 ± 7%). Notably, the coffee group subjects (n = 49) had increased cholesteryl esters (+9 ± 11%), while oxysterols (-71 ± 30%) and FFAs (-29 ± 26%) decreased. No differences were found between the consumption of coffees A and B. Additionally, coffee antioxidants decreased oxysterols and regulated arachidonic acid in foam cells. Our results suggest that coffee consumption modulates the generation of oxidized and inflammatory lipids in healthy subjects, which are fundamental during CVD development. The clinical trial was registered on the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, WHO primary registry (RPCEC00000168).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar J Lara-Guzmán
- Vidarium - Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Nutresa Business Group, Calle 8 Sur No. 50-67, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Rafael Álvarez
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Farmacéuticas-ICIF-CES. Facultad de Ciencias y Biotecnología, Universidad CES, Calle 10A No. 22-04, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas, Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Katalina Muñoz-Durango
- Vidarium - Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Nutresa Business Group, Calle 8 Sur No. 50-67, Medellín, Colombia.
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Abstract
Background Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a potent health marker, the improvement of which is associated with a reduced incidence of non-communicable diseases and all-cause mortality. Identifying metabolic signatures associated with CRF could reveal how CRF fosters human health and lead to the development of novel health-monitoring strategies. Objective This article systematically reviewed reported associations between CRF and metabolites measured in human tissues and body fluids. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched from database inception to 3 June, 2021. Metabolomics studies reporting metabolites associated with CRF, measured by means of cardiopulmonary exercise test, were deemed eligible. Backward and forward citation tracking on eligible records were used to complement the results of database searching. Risk of bias at the study level was assessed using QUADOMICS. Results Twenty-two studies were included and 667 metabolites, measured in plasma (n = 619), serum (n = 18), skeletal muscle (n = 16), urine (n = 11), or sweat (n = 3), were identified. Lipids were the metabolites most commonly positively (n = 174) and negatively (n = 274) associated with CRF. Specific circulating glycerophospholipids (n = 85) and cholesterol esters (n = 17) were positively associated with CRF, while circulating glycerolipids (n = 152), glycerophospholipids (n = 42), acylcarnitines (n = 14), and ceramides (n = 12) were negatively associated with CRF. Interestingly, muscle acylcarnitines were positively correlated with CRF (n = 15). Conclusions Cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with circulating and muscle lipidome composition. Causality of the revealed associations at the molecular species level remains to be investigated further. Finally, included studies were heterogeneous in terms of participants’ characteristics and analytical and statistical approaches. PROSPERO Registration Number CRD42020214375. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40279-021-01590-y.
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Surendran A, Atefi N, Zhang H, Aliani M, Ravandi A. Defining Acute Coronary Syndrome through Metabolomics. Metabolites 2021; 11:685. [PMID: 34677400 PMCID: PMC8540033 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11100685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As an emerging platform technology, metabolomics offers new insights into the pathomechanisms associated with complex disease conditions, including cardiovascular diseases. It also facilitates assessing the risk of developing the disease before its clinical manifestation. For this reason, metabolomics is of growing interest for understanding the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS), finding new biomarkers of ACS, and its associated risk management. Metabolomics-based studies in ACS have already demonstrated immense potential for biomarker discovery and mechanistic insights by identifying metabolomic signatures (e.g., branched-chain amino acids, acylcarnitines, lysophosphatidylcholines) associated with disease progression. Herein, we discuss the various metabolomics approaches and the challenges involved in metabolic profiling, focusing on ACS. Special attention has been paid to the clinical studies of metabolomics and lipidomics in ACS, with an emphasis on ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Surendran
- Cardiovascular Lipidomics Laboratory, St. Boniface Hospital, Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (A.S.); (N.A.); (H.Z.)
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Core Facility, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Negar Atefi
- Cardiovascular Lipidomics Laboratory, St. Boniface Hospital, Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (A.S.); (N.A.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hannah Zhang
- Cardiovascular Lipidomics Laboratory, St. Boniface Hospital, Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (A.S.); (N.A.); (H.Z.)
| | - Michel Aliani
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
| | - Amir Ravandi
- Cardiovascular Lipidomics Laboratory, St. Boniface Hospital, Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada; (A.S.); (N.A.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
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McGranaghan P, Kirwan JA, Garcia-Rivera MA, Pieske B, Edelmann F, Blaschke F, Appunni S, Saxena A, Rubens M, Veledar E, Trippel TD. Lipid Metabolite Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease: Discovery and Biomechanism Translation from Human Studies. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090621. [PMID: 34564437 PMCID: PMC8470800 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids represent a valuable target for metabolomic studies since altered lipid metabolism is known to drive the pathological changes in cardiovascular disease (CVD). Metabolomic technologies give us the ability to measure thousands of metabolites providing us with a metabolic fingerprint of individual patients. Metabolomic studies in humans have supported previous findings into the pathomechanisms of CVD, namely atherosclerosis, apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance. The most widely studied classes of lipid metabolite biomarkers in CVD are phospholipids, sphingolipids/ceramides, glycolipids, cholesterol esters, fatty acids, and acylcarnitines. Technological advancements have enabled novel strategies to discover individual biomarkers or panels that may aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of CVD, with sphingolipids/ceramides as the most promising class of biomarkers thus far. In this review, application of metabolomic profiling for biomarker discovery to aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of CVD as well as metabolic abnormalities in CVD will be discussed with particular emphasis on lipid metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter McGranaghan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (P.M.); (B.P.); (F.E.); (F.B.)
- Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL 33143, USA; (A.S.); (M.R.); (E.V.)
| | - Jennifer A. Kirwan
- Metabolomics Platform, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.A.K.); (M.A.G.-R.)
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Research, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Mariel A. Garcia-Rivera
- Metabolomics Platform, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (J.A.K.); (M.A.G.-R.)
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Research, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (P.M.); (B.P.); (F.E.); (F.B.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- German Heart Center Berlin, Department of Cardiology, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Edelmann
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (P.M.); (B.P.); (F.E.); (F.B.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), 13353 Berlin, Germany
- German Heart Center Berlin, Department of Cardiology, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Blaschke
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (P.M.); (B.P.); (F.E.); (F.B.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandeep Appunni
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala 673008, India;
| | - Anshul Saxena
- Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL 33143, USA; (A.S.); (M.R.); (E.V.)
| | - Muni Rubens
- Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL 33143, USA; (A.S.); (M.R.); (E.V.)
| | - Emir Veledar
- Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL 33143, USA; (A.S.); (M.R.); (E.V.)
- Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Tobias Daniel Trippel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany; (P.M.); (B.P.); (F.E.); (F.B.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-450-553765
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21
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Cheng ZB, Huang L, Xiao X, Sun JX, Zou ZK, Jiang JF, Lu C, Zhang HY, Zhang C. Irisin in atherosclerosis. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 522:158-166. [PMID: 34425103 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Irisin, a novel exercise-induced myokine, has been shown to play important roles in increasing white adipose tissue browning, regulating energy metabolism and improving insulin resistance. Growing evidence suggests a direct role for irisin in preventing atherosclerosis (AS) by inhibiting oxidative stress, improving dyslipidemia, facilitating anti-inflammation, reducing cellular damage and recovering endothelial function. In addition, some studies have noted that serum irisin levels play an essential role in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk prediction, highlighting that irisin has the potential to be a useful predictive marker and therapeutic target of AS, especially in monitoring therapeutic efficacy. This review summarizes the understanding of irisin-mediated regulation in essential biological pathways and functions in atherosclerosis and prompts further exploitation of the biological properties of irisin in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Bin Cheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Stomatology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Huang
- Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xiang Sun
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Kai Zou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie-Feng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Lu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ya Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Research Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Matthiesen R, Lauber C, Sampaio JL, Domingues N, Alves L, Gerl MJ, Almeida MS, Rodrigues G, Araújo Gonçalves P, Ferreira J, Borbinha C, Pedro Marto J, Neves M, Batista F, Viana-Baptista M, Alves J, Simons K, Vaz WLC, Vieira OV. Shotgun mass spectrometry-based lipid profiling identifies and distinguishes between chronic inflammatory diseases. EBioMedicine 2021; 70:103504. [PMID: 34311325 PMCID: PMC8330692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Localized stress and cell death in chronic inflammatory diseases may release tissue-specific lipids into the circulation causing the blood plasma lipidome to reflect the type of inflammation. However, deep lipid profiles of major chronic inflammatory diseases have not been compared. Methods Plasma lipidomes of patients suffering from two etiologically distinct chronic inflammatory diseases, atherosclerosis-related vascular disease, including cardiovascular (CVD) and ischemic stroke (IS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), were screened by a top-down shotgun mass spectrometry-based analysis without liquid chromatographic separation and compared to each other and to age-matched controls. Lipid profiling of 596 lipids was performed on a cohort of 427 individuals. Machine learning classifiers based on the plasma lipidomes were used to distinguish the two chronic inflammatory diseases from each other and from the controls. Findings Analysis of the lipidomes enabled separation of the studied chronic inflammatory diseases from controls based on independent validation test set classification performance (CVD vs control - Sensitivity: 0.94, Specificity: 0.88; IS vs control - Sensitivity: 1.0, Specificity: 1.0; SLE vs control – Sensitivity: 1, Specificity: 0.93) and from each other (SLE vs CVD ‒ Sensitivity: 0.91, Specificity: 1; IS vs SLE - Sensitivity: 1, Specificity: 0.82). Preliminary linear discriminant analysis plots using all data clearly separated the clinical groups from each other and from the controls, and partially separated CVD severities, as classified into five clinical groups. Dysregulated lipids are partially but not fully counterbalanced by statin treatment. Interpretation Dysregulation of the plasma lipidome is characteristic of chronic inflammatory diseases. Lipid profiling accurately identifies the diseases and in the case of CVD also identifies sub-classes. Funding Full list of funding sources at the end of the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune Matthiesen
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Chris Lauber
- Lipotype GmbH, Tatzberg 47, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Neuza Domingues
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Liliana Alves
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Manuel S Almeida
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Av. Prof. Dr. Reinaldo dos Santos, 2790-134 Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Gustavo Rodrigues
- Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Av. Prof. Dr. Reinaldo dos Santos, 2790-134 Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Pedro Araújo Gonçalves
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal; Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Av. Prof. Dr. Reinaldo dos Santos, 2790-134 Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Jorge Ferreira
- Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Av. Prof. Dr. Reinaldo dos Santos, 2790-134 Carnaxide, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Borbinha
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Rua da Junqueira 126 1349-019 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Marto
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Rua da Junqueira 126 1349-019 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marisa Neves
- Hospital Dr. Fernando da Fonseca, IC 19, 2720-276 Amadora, Portugal
| | | | - Miguel Viana-Baptista
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Rua da Junqueira 126 1349-019 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jose Alves
- Hospital Dr. Fernando da Fonseca, IC 19, 2720-276 Amadora, Portugal
| | - Kai Simons
- Lipotype GmbH, Tatzberg 47, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Winchil L C Vaz
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Otilia V Vieira
- iNOVA4Health, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, NMS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Lipidomics study of plasma from patients suggest that ALS and PLS are part of a continuum of motor neuron disorders. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13562. [PMID: 34193885 PMCID: PMC8245424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor neuron disorders (MND) include a group of pathologies that affect upper and/or lower motor neurons. Among them, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by progressive muscle weakness, with fatal outcomes only in a few years after diagnosis. On the other hand, primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), a more benign form of MND that only affects upper motor neurons, results in life-long progressive motor dysfunction. Although the outcomes are quite different, ALS and PLS present with similar symptoms at disease onset, to the degree that both disorders could be considered part of a continuum. These similarities and the lack of reliable biomarkers often result in delays in accurate diagnosis and/or treatment. In the nervous system, lipids exert a wide variety of functions, including roles in cell structure, synaptic transmission, and multiple metabolic processes. Thus, the study of the absolute and relative concentrations of a subset of lipids in human pathology can shed light into these cellular processes and unravel alterations in one or more pathways. In here, we report the lipid composition of longitudinal plasma samples from ALS and PLS patients initially, and after 2 years following enrollment in a clinical study. Our analysis revealed common aspects of these pathologies suggesting that, from the lipidomics point of view, PLS and ALS behave as part of a continuum of motor neuron disorders.
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Plasma lipidome is dysregulated in Alzheimer's disease and is associated with disease risk genes. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:344. [PMID: 34092785 PMCID: PMC8180517 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipidomics research could provide insights of pathobiological mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease. This study explores a battery of plasma lipids that can differentiate Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients from healthy controls and determines whether lipid profiles correlate with genetic risk for AD. AD plasma samples were collected from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (MAS) Sydney, Australia (aged range 75-97 years; 51.2% male). Untargeted lipidomics analysis was performed by liquid chromatography coupled-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We found that several lipid species from nine lipid classes, particularly sphingomyelins (SMs), cholesterol esters (ChEs), phosphatidylcholines (PCs), phosphatidylethanolamines (PIs), phosphatidylinositols (PIs), and triglycerides (TGs) are dysregulated in AD patients and may help discriminate them from healthy controls. However, when the lipid species were grouped together into lipid subgroups, only the DG group was significantly higher in AD. ChEs, SMs, and TGs resulted in good classification accuracy using the Glmnet algorithm (elastic net penalization for the generalized linear model [glm]) with more than 80% AUC. In general, group lipids and the lipid subclasses LPC and PE had less classification accuracy compared to the other subclasses. We also found significant increases in SMs, PIs, and the LPE/PE ratio in human U251 astroglioma cell lines exposed to pathophysiological concentrations of oligomeric Aβ42. This suggests that oligomeric Aβ42 plays a contributory, if not causal role, in mediating changes in lipid profiles in AD that can be detected in the periphery. In addition, we evaluated the association of plasma lipid profiles with AD-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and polygenic risk scores (PRS) of AD. We found that FERMT2 and MS4A6A showed a significantly differential association with lipids in all lipid classes across disease and control groups. ABCA7 had a differential association with more than half of the DG lipids (52.63%) and PI lipids (57.14%), respectively. Additionally, 43.4% of lipids in the SM class were differentially associated with CLU. More than 30% of lipids in ChE, PE, and TG classes had differential associations with separate genes (ChE-PICALM, SLC24A4, and SORL1; PE-CLU and CR1; TG-BINI) between AD and control group. These data may provide renewed insights into the pathobiology of AD and the feasibility of identifying individuals with greater AD risk.
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Bisht V, Nash K, Xu Y, Agarwal P, Bosch S, Gkoutos GV, Acharjee A. Integration of the Microbiome, Metabolome and Transcriptomics Data Identified Novel Metabolic Pathway Regulation in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5763. [PMID: 34071236 PMCID: PMC8198673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrative multiomics data analysis provides a unique opportunity for the mechanistic understanding of colorectal cancer (CRC) in addition to the identification of potential novel therapeutic targets. In this study, we used public omics data sets to investigate potential associations between microbiome, metabolome, bulk transcriptomics and single cell RNA sequencing datasets. We identified multiple potential interactions, for example 5-aminovalerate interacting with Adlercreutzia; cholesteryl ester interacting with bacterial genera Staphylococcus, Blautia and Roseburia. Using public single cell and bulk RNA sequencing, we identified 17 overlapping genes involved in epithelial cell pathways, with particular significance of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway and the ACAT1 gene that indirectly regulates the esterification of cholesterol. These findings demonstrate that the integration of multiomics data sets from diverse populations can help us in untangling the colorectal cancer pathogenesis as well as postulate the disease pathology mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vartika Bisht
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK; (V.B.); (Y.X.); (G.V.G.)
- MRC Health Data Research UK (HDR UK), Midlands B15 2TT, UK
| | - Katrina Nash
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Yuanwei Xu
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK; (V.B.); (Y.X.); (G.V.G.)
- MRC Health Data Research UK (HDR UK), Midlands B15 2TT, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS, Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Prasoon Agarwal
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Science for Life Laboratory, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Sofie Bosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, AG&M research institute, Amsterdam UMC, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Georgios V. Gkoutos
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK; (V.B.); (Y.X.); (G.V.G.)
- MRC Health Data Research UK (HDR UK), Midlands B15 2TT, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS, Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
- NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Animesh Acharjee
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK; (V.B.); (Y.X.); (G.V.G.)
- MRC Health Data Research UK (HDR UK), Midlands B15 2TT, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS, Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre, University Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK
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Carrard J, Gallart-Ayala H, Infanger D, Teav T, Wagner J, Knaier R, Colledge F, Streese L, Königstein K, Hinrichs T, Hanssen H, Ivanisevic J, Schmidt-Trucksäss A. Metabolic View on Human Healthspan: A Lipidome-Wide Association Study. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11050287. [PMID: 33946321 PMCID: PMC8146132 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11050287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As ageing is a major risk factor for the development of non-communicable diseases, extending healthspan has become a medical and societal necessity. Precise lipid phenotyping that captures metabolic individuality could support healthspan extension strategies. This study applied ‘omic-scale lipid profiling to characterise sex-specific age-related differences in the serum lipidome composition of healthy humans. A subset of the COmPLETE-Health study, composed of 73 young (25.2 ± 2.6 years, 43% female) and 77 aged (73.5 ± 2.3 years, 48% female) clinically healthy individuals, was investigated, using an untargeted liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry approach. Compared to their younger counterparts, aged females and males exhibited significant higher levels in 138 and 107 lipid species representing 15 and 13 distinct subclasses, respectively. Percentage of difference ranged from 5.8% to 61.7% (females) and from 5.3% to 46.0% (males), with sphingolipid and glycerophophospholipid species displaying the greatest amplitudes. Remarkably, specific sphingolipid and glycerophospholipid species, previously described as cardiometabolically favourable, were found elevated in aged individuals. Furthermore, specific ether-glycerophospholipid and lyso-glycerophosphocholine species displayed higher levels in aged females only, revealing a more favourable lipidome evolution in females. Altogether, age determined the circulating lipidome composition, while lipid species analysis revealed additional findings that were not observed at the subclass level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Carrard
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Hector Gallart-Ayala
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Quartier UNIL-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 19, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.G.-A.); (T.T.)
| | - Denis Infanger
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Tony Teav
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Quartier UNIL-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 19, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.G.-A.); (T.T.)
| | - Jonathan Wagner
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Raphael Knaier
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Flora Colledge
- Division of Sports Science, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Lukas Streese
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Karsten Königstein
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Timo Hinrichs
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Henner Hanssen
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Quartier UNIL-CHUV, Rue du Bugnon 19, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; (H.G.-A.); (T.T.)
- Correspondence: (J.I.); (A.S.-T.)
| | - Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel, Switzerland; (J.C.); (D.I.); (J.W.); (R.K.); (L.S.); (K.K.); (T.H.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: (J.I.); (A.S.-T.)
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Going "Green" in the Prevention and Management of Atherothrombotic Diseases: The Role of Dietary Polyphenols. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10071490. [PMID: 33916712 PMCID: PMC8038361 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the 20th century processed and ready-to-eat foods became routinely consumed resulting in a sharp rise of fat, salt, and sugar intake in people's diets. Currently, the global incidence of obesity, raised blood lipids, hypertension, and diabetes in an increasingly aged population contributes to the rise of atherothrombotic events and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) mortality. Drug-based therapies are valuable strategies to tackle and help manage the socio-economic impact of atherothrombotic disorders though not without adverse side effects. The inclusion of fresh fruits and vegetables rich in flavonoids to human diets, as recommended by WHO offers a valuable nutritional strategy, alternative to drug-based therapies, to be explored in the prevention and management of atherothrombotic diseases at early stages. Though polyphenols are mostly associated to color and taste in foods, food flavonoids are emerging as modulators of cholesterol biosynthesis, appetite and food intake, blood pressure, platelet function, clot formation, and anti-inflammatory signaling, supporting the health-promoting effects of polyphenol-rich diets in mitigating the impact of risk factors in atherothrombotic disorders and CVD events. Here we overview the current knowledge on the effect of polyphenols particularly of flavonoid intake on the atherothrombotic risk factors and discuss the caveats and challenges involved with current experimental cell-based designs.
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Positive allosteric modulators of lecithin: Cholesterol acyltransferase adjust the orientation of the membrane-binding domain and alter its spatial free energy profile. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1008426. [PMID: 33720934 PMCID: PMC7993845 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase protein (LCAT) promotes the esterification reaction between cholesterol and phospholipid-derived acyl chains. Positive allosteric modulators have been developed to treat LCAT deficiencies and, plausibly, also cardiovascular diseases in the future. The mechanism of action of these compounds is poorly understood. Here computational docking and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were utilized to study the interactions between LCAT and the activating compounds. Results indicate that all drugs bind to the allosteric binding pocket in the membrane-binding domain in a similar fashion. The presence of the compounds in the allosteric site results in a distinct spatial orientation and sampling of the membrane-binding domain (MBD). The MBD’s different spatial arrangement plausibly affects the lid’s movement from closed to open state and vice versa, as suggested by steered molecular dynamics simulations. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles play a crucial role in reverse cholesterol transport, whose efficiency is linked to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD), a global health threat showing an increased prevalence in industrial as well as in developing countries. While many drugs for treating CHD exist, e.g., the cholesterol-lowering statins, a substantial residual vascular risk remains, thus calling for novel therapeutic interventions. One of these approaches is to elevate the activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) enzyme by, e.g., positive allosteric modulators. However, although modulators’ allosteric binding site is known, it is not understood how these compounds can promote the activity LCAT. Therefore, in this article, we aimed to clarify how a set of positive allosteric modulators affect the structural and dynamical properties of LCAT utilizing atomistic molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations. Shortly, our findings suggest that the reorientation and the different energetic landscape of the MBD induced by the allosteric compounds may facilitate the lid’s opening, therefore providing a plausible explanation of why the set of positive allosteric modulators promote the activity of LCAT. Besides, this finding is also insightful when deciphering how apoA-I, the principal LCAT activating apolipoprotein in HDL particles, facilitates the activation of LCAT.
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Morris G, Puri BK, Bortolasci CC, Carvalho A, Berk M, Walder K, Moreira EG, Maes M. The role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A and paraoxonase-1 in the pathophysiology of neuroprogressive disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 125:244-263. [PMID: 33657433 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lowered high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol has been reported in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, first episode of psychosis, and schizophrenia. HDL, its major apolipoprotein component, ApoA1, and the antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase (PON)1 (which is normally bound to ApoA1) all have anti-atherogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory roles, which are discussed in this paper. The paper details the pathways mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of HDL, ApoA1 and PON1 and describes the mechanisms leading to compromised HDL and PON1 levels and function in an environment of chronic inflammation. The molecular mechanisms by which changes in HDL, ApoA1 and PON1 might contribute to the pathophysiology of the neuroprogressive disorders are explained. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory actions of ApoM-mediated sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signalling are reviewed as well as the deleterious effects of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress on ApoM/S1P signalling. Finally, therapeutic interventions specifically aimed at improving the levels and function of HDL and PON1 while reducing levels of inflammation and oxidative stress are considered. These include the so-called Mediterranean diet, extra virgin olive oil, polyphenols, flavonoids, isoflavones, pomegranate juice, melatonin and the Mediterranean diet combined with the ketogenic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Chiara C Bortolasci
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Andre Carvalho
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, The Department of Psychiatry and The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Deakin University, CMMR Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Estefania G Moreira
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Serum Acylcarnitines Associated with High Short-Term Mortality in Patients with Alcoholic Hepatitis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020281. [PMID: 33672832 PMCID: PMC7917657 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related liver disease is one of the most prevalent liver diseases in the United States. Early stages of alcohol-related liver disease are characterized by accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes. Alcoholic hepatitis is a severe form of alcohol-related liver disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We sought to identify patients who are at greatest risk of death using serum lipids. First, we performed lipidomics analysis on serum samples collected from 118 patients with alcoholic hepatitis to identify lipid markers that are associated with high risk of death. Next, we performed gene set enrichment analysis on liver transcriptomics data to identify dysregulated lipid metabolism in patients who received liver transplantation. Finally, we built a random forest model to predict 30-day mortality using serum lipids. A total of 277 lipids were annotated in the serum of patients with alcoholic hepatitis, among which 25 were significantly different between patients in the deceased and alive groups. Five chemical clusters were significantly altered between the two groups. In particular, acylcarnitine cluster was enriched in the deceased group. Several hepatic lipid metabolism pathways were dysregulated in patients with alcoholic hepatitis who received liver transplantation. The mRNA expression of genes involved in the fatty acid transport into mitochondria and β-oxidation were also dysregulated. When predicting 30-day mortality in alcoholic hepatitis patients using serum lipids, we found that the area under the curve achieved 0.95. Serum lipids such as acylcarnitines may serve as biomarkers to identify alcoholic hepatitis patients at the greatest risk of death.
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Reis A, de Freitas V, Sanchez-Quesada JL, Barros AS, Diaz SO, Leite-Moreira A. Lipidomics in Cardiovascular Diseases. SYSTEMS MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.11598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Exploratory analysis of large-scale lipidome in large cohorts: are we any closer of finding lipid-based markers suitable for CVD risk stratification and management? Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1142:189-200. [PMID: 33280696 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the biggest cause of deaths worldwide and a major socio-economic impact to society. In this work, we conducted an unbiased exploratory analysis of the large-scale lipidome in human plasma samples from patients with fatal and non-fatal CVD from large cohorts. The exploratory analysis included data from 10,349 individuals from 20 countries in Asia, Australasia, Europe and North America (ADVANCE cohort), and thus representative of the worldwide population. Through the analysis of hazard ratios (HR), we found 306 lipids relevant in CV Death and 294 lipids relevant in CV Events of which 262 lipids were common to fatal and non-fatal events followed over time (3, 5 and 8 years). Our exploratory analysis reveals that, over time, the plasma lipid signature found in non-fatal CVD events is similar to that preceding CVD death. Among the common lipid signature, we found that sphingolipids (HexCer, SM, Cer and other glycosphingolipids) and phospholipids (PC and PE) were strongly associated with CVD events outcome, while polyunsaturated plasmenyl PC and PE lipids were inversely associated with CV outcome. The restricted panel of specific lipids has the potential to improve CVD risk stratification and management, and significantly reduce the time involved in the analysis and data treatment in low-resolution MS instruments making plasma lipidomics a cost-efficient approach for clinical scenario. In our view, once standardized clinical, analytical and data reporting guidelines are implemented worldwide, lipid-based discriminators can be routinely applied in the CVD risk stratification and improve the performance of current clinical, biochemical and imaging diagnostic tools assisting the decision-making process particularly in patients with multiple co-morbidities.
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Franco J, Rajwa B, Ferreira CR, Sundberg JP, HogenEsch H. Lipidomic Profiling of the Epidermis in a Mouse Model of Dermatitis Reveals Sexual Dimorphism and Changes in Lipid Composition before the Onset of Clinical Disease. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10070299. [PMID: 32708296 PMCID: PMC7408197 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10070299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial disease associated with alterations in lipid composition and organization in the epidermis. Multiple variants of AD exist with different outcomes in response to therapies. The evaluation of disease progression and response to treatment are observational assessments with poor inter-observer agreement highlighting the need for molecular markers. SHARPIN-deficient mice (Sharpincpdm) spontaneously develop chronic proliferative dermatitis with features similar to AD in humans. To study the changes in the epidermal lipid-content during disease progression, we tested 72 epidermis samples from three groups (5-, 7-, and 10-weeks old) of cpdm mice and their WT littermates. An agnostic mass-spectrometry strategy for biomarker discovery termed multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM)-profiling was used to detect and monitor 1,030 lipid ions present in the epidermis samples. In order to select the most relevant ions, we utilized a two-tiered filter/wrapper feature-selection strategy. Lipid categories were compressed, and an elastic-net classifier was used to rank and identify the most predictive lipid categories for sex, phenotype, and disease stages of cpdm mice. The model accurately classified the samples based on phospholipids, cholesteryl esters, acylcarnitines, and sphingolipids, demonstrating that disease progression cannot be defined by one single lipid or lipid category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackeline Franco
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | - Bartek Rajwa
- Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Correspondence: (B.R.); (H.H.)
| | - Christina R. Ferreira
- Metabolite Profiling Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| | | | - Harm HogenEsch
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Correspondence: (B.R.); (H.H.)
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Characterisation of the dynamic nature of lipids throughout the lifespan of genetically identical female and male Daphnia magna. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5576. [PMID: 32221338 PMCID: PMC7101400 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62476-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids play a significant role in regulation of health and disease. To enhance our understanding of the role of lipids in regulation of lifespan and healthspan additional studies are required. Here, UHPLC-MS/MS lipidomics was used to measure dynamic changes in lipid composition as a function of age and gender in genetically identical male and female Daphnia magna with different average lifespans. We demonstrate statistically significant age-related changes in triglycerides (TG), diglycerides (DG), phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, ceramide and sphingomyelin lipid groups, for example, in males, 17.04% of TG lipid species decline with age whilst 37.86% increase in relative intensity with age. In females, 23.16% decrease and 25.31% increase in relative intensity with age. Most interestingly, the rate and direction of change can differ between genetically identical female and male Daphnia magna, which could be the cause and/or the consequence of the different average lifespans between the two genetically identical genders. This study provides a benchmark dataset to understand how lipids alter as a function of age in genetically identical female and male species with different average lifespan and ageing rate.
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Kobos LM, Alqatani S, Ferreira CR, Aryal UK, Hedrick V, Sobreira TJP, Shannahan JH. An Integrative Proteomic/Lipidomic Analysis of the Gold Nanoparticle Biocorona in Healthy and Obese Conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 5:150-166. [PMID: 32292798 DOI: 10.1089/aivt.2019.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: When nanoparticles (NPs) enter a physiological environment, a coating of biomolecules or biocorona (BC) forms on the surface. Formation of the NP-BC is dependent on NP properties, the physiological environment, and time. The BC influences NP properties and biological interactions such as cellular internalization, immune responses, biodistribution, and others, leading to pharmacological and toxicological consequences. To date, examination of the NP-BC has focused primarily on protein components and healthy conditions. Therefore, we evaluated the protein and lipid content of BCs that formed on physicochemically distinct gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) under healthy and obese conditions. A comprehensive understanding of the NP-BC is necessary for the translation of in vitro toxicity assessments to clinical applications. Materials and Methods: AuNPs with two coatings (poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone [PVP] or citrate) and diameters (20 or 100 nm) were incubated in pooled human serum, and an integrated proteomic/lipidomic approach was used to evaluate BC composition. Macrophages were utilized to evaluate differential immune responses due to variations in the AuNP-BC. Results: AuNPs form distinct BCs based on physicochemical properties and the surrounding environment, with the obese BC containing more proteins and fewer lipids than the healthy BC. Differential macrophage inflammatory responses were observed based on AuNP properties and BC composition. Discussion and Conclusion: Overall, these findings demonstrate that AuNP size and coating, as well as physiological environment, influence the protein and lipid composition of the BC, which impacts cellular responses following exposure. These findings demonstrate that incorporation of BCs representing distinct physiological conditions may enhance the translatability of nanosafety in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Kobos
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Saeed Alqatani
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.,National Center for Pharmaceuticals, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christina R Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Uma K Aryal
- Purdue Proteomics Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Discovery Park, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Victoria Hedrick
- Purdue Proteomics Facility, Bindley Bioscience Center, Discovery Park, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Tiago J P Sobreira
- Computational Life Sciences and Informatics, Bindley Bioscience Center, Discovery Park, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jonathan H Shannahan
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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36
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Uzunoğlu G, Çimen D, Bereli N, Çetin K, Denizli A. Cholesterol removal from human plasma with biologically modified cryogels. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:1276-1290. [PMID: 31156065 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1627652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, low molecular weight heparin immobilized P(HEMA) cryogels were fabricated for the removal of LDL-C in hypercholesterolemic human plasma. After characterization studies for P(HEMA) cryogels, effects of the parameters including medium pH, CNBr concentration, heparin concentration and contact time on heparin immobilization were investigated. Blood compatibility and cell adhesion tests were also performed, and platelet and leucocyte loss for P(HEMA)-Hp cryogels were found to be 2.95% and 4.91%, respectively. Maximum adsorption capacity for LDL-C from hypercholesterolemic human plasma was found to be 26.7 mg/g for P(HEMA)-Hp cryogel while it was only 1.67 mg/g for bare P(HEMA) cryogel. The P(HEMA)-Hp cryogels exhibit high desorption ratios up to 96% after 10 adsorption-desorption cycles with no significant decrease in the adsorption capacity. The findings indicated that these reusable P(HEMA)-based cryogels proposed good alternative adsorbents for removal of LDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Uzunoğlu
- a Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Duygu Çimen
- a Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nilay Bereli
- a Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Kemal Çetin
- b Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Necmettin Erbakan University , Konya , Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- a Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
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