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Ho JPY, Lau ESH, Kwan O C, Fan B, Ko GTC, Kong APS, Ma RCW, Chow EYK, Chan JCN, Luk AOY. One-hour post-load plasma glucose level predicts future type 2 diabetes in a community-based study of Hong Kong Chinese workforce. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 212:111718. [PMID: 38796080 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2024.111718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We compared performance of high 1-hour PG level, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in predicting type 2 diabetes in a longitudinal community-based cohort of Hong Kong Chinese. METHODS Between 2001 and 2003, 472 adults aged 18-55 years without diabetes underwent 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Between 2012 and 2014, progression to diabetes was ascertained by reviewing medical records or repeating OGTT and HbA1c. We defined high 1-hour PG as PG ≥ 8.6 mmol/L at 1-hour. RESULTS In this cohort, 23.5% had normal glucose tolerance and high 1-hour PG, 10.0% had isolated IGT, 4.2% had isolated IFG. Over 12-year follow-up, 9.3% developed type 2 diabetes. In logistic regression, high 1-hour PG was associated with progression to type 2 diabetes with adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) of 4.20 (1.60, 12.40), independent of IFG, IGT and other clinical variables. Areas under ROC (95% CI) for type 2 diabetes were similar between 1-hour (0.84 [0.78, 0.89], 2-hour (0.79 [0.72, 0.86]) and fasting PG (0.79 [0.71, 0.86]). CONCLUSION High 1-hour PG identified young Chinese with 5-fold increased risk of type 2 diabetes independent of other intermediate hyperglycaemia status and clinical factors. 1-hour PG is similar to fasting and 2-hour PG in predicting type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Pui-Ying Ho
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Eric Siu-Him Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Chun Kwan O
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Baoqi Fan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Gary Tin-Choi Ko
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Alice Pik-Shan Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ronald Ching-Wan Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Elaine Yee-Kwan Chow
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Juliana Chung-Ngor Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Andrea On-Yan Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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He J, Fan B, Lau ESH, Chu N, Ng NYH, Leung KHT, Poon EWM, Kong APS, Ma RCW, Luk AOY, Chan JCN, Chow E. Enhanced prediction of abnormal glucose tolerance using an extended non-invasive risk score incorporating routine renal biochemistry. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2024; 12:e003768. [PMID: 38373805 PMCID: PMC10882282 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2023-003768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes is preventable in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance based on 2-hour plasma glucose (2hPG) during 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). We incorporated routine biochemistry to improve the performance of a non-invasive diabetes risk score to identify individuals with abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) defined by 2hPG≥7.8 mmol/L during OGTT. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used baseline data of 1938 individuals from the community-based "Better Health for Better Hong Kong - Hong Kong Family Diabetes Study (BHBHK-HKFDS) Cohort" recruited in 1998-2003. We incorporated routine biochemistry in a validated non-invasive diabetes risk score, and evaluated its performance using area under receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) with internal and external validation. RESULTS The AUROC of the original non-invasive risk score to predict AGT was 0.698 (95% CI, 0.662 to 0.733). Following additional inclusion of fasting plasma glucose, serum potassium, creatinine, and urea, the AUROC increased to 0.778 (95% CI, 0.744 to 0.809, p<0.001). Net reclassification improved by 31.9% (p<0.001) overall, by 30.8% among people with AGT and 1.1% among people without AGT. The extended model showed good calibration (χ2=11.315, p=0.1845) and performance on external validation using an independent data set (AUROC=0.722, 95% CI, 0.680 to 0.764). CONCLUSIONS The extended risk score incorporating clinical and routine biochemistry can be integrated into an electronic health records system to select high-risk subjects for evaluation of AGT using OGTT for prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Baoqi Fan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Eric S H Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Natural Chu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Noel Yat Hey Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kathy Ho Ting Leung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Emily W M Poon
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Alice Pik Shan Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ronald Ching Wan Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Andrea O Y Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Phase 1 Clinical Trial Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Elaine Chow
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
- Phase 1 Clinical Trial Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Wu H, Chen Y, Chang Y. Integrating work into life helps reduce residential greenhouse gas emissions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119974. [PMID: 38160548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Work from home (WFH) creates work-life integration by moving work into traditional life at home, but its influence on residential greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions remains unclear. In this study, an activity-based bottom-up model was developed to analyze the time-use patterns (activity durations and timeline of a typical day) of participants under WFH and traditional home life and to quantify their residential GHG emissions. Under WFH, participants generated an average of 9.03 kg CO2e/person/day, primarily attributed to space heating and cooling, cooking, grooming, work, and watching TV and movies. Notably, the GHG footprints varied across groups (8.08-9.93 kg CO2e/person/day) due to different work and household responsibilities and leisure time and varied with climate region (4.99-10.63 kg CO2e/person/day) because of emission factors of electricity, space heating and cooling, and cooking. Compared with traditional life at home (10.06 kg CO2e/person/day), WFH participants spent less time on almost all major activities (especially sleeping and watching TV and movies) to focus on work, enabling an 11.34% (1.02 kg CO2e/person/day) mitigation of GHG emissions. The reductions also varied by group and climate region, mainly associated with laundry, cooking, and watching TV and movies. Opportunities to reduce GHG emissions under WFH lie in targeting key activities, balancing the time spent on various activities, and developing group- and spatial-specific strategies. This study provides a systematic and high-resolution estimation of residential GHG emissions under WFH and traditional home life, with a complete system boundary, activity-specific considerations, and countrywide understanding. The findings reveal the environmental impact of work-life integration from the residential perspective and can aid residents and policymakers in utilizing decarbonization opportunities to advance low-carbon living under WFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyue Wu
- Construction Automation, Robotics, and Ergonomics (CARE) Lab, School of Construction Management Technology (SCMT), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Construction Automation, Robotics, and Ergonomics (CARE) Lab, School of Construction Management Technology (SCMT), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Yuan Chang
- School of Management Science and Engineering, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Lei T, Li M, Qian H, Yang J, Hu Y, Hua L. The Effect of Sleep on Metabolism, Musculoskeletal Disease, and Mortality in the General US Population: Analysis of Results From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e46385. [PMID: 37934562 PMCID: PMC10664015 DOI: 10.2196/46385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep is an important physiological behavior in humans that is associated with the occurrence and development of various diseases. However, the association of sleep duration with health-related outcomes, including obesity-related factors, musculoskeletal diseases, and mortality because of different causes, has not been systematically reported. OBJECTIVE This study aims to systematically investigate the effect of sleep duration on health-related outcomes. METHODS Overall, 54,664 participants with sleep information from 8 survey cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2020) were included in the analysis. Health-related outcomes comprised obesity-related outcomes (ie, BMI, obesity, waist circumference, and abdominal obesity), metabolism-related outcomes (ie, uric acid, hyperuricemia, and bone mineral density [BMD]), musculoskeletal diseases (ie, osteoarthritis [OA] and rheumatoid arthritis [RA]), and mortality because of different causes. The baseline information of participants including age, sex, race, educational level, marital status, total energy intake, physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes was also collected as covariates. Information about the metabolism index, disease status, and covariates was acquired from the laboratory, examination, and questionnaire data. Survival information, including survival status, duration, and cause of death, was obtained from the National Death Index records. Quantile regression models and Cox regression models were used for association analysis between sleep duration and health-related outcomes. In addition, the threshold effect analysis, along with smooth curve fitting method, was applied for the nonlinear association analysis. RESULTS Participants were divided into 4 groups with different sleep durations. The 4 groups showed significant differences in terms of baseline data (P<.001). The quantile regression analysis indicated that participants with increased sleep duration showed decreased BMI (β=-.176, 95% CI -.220 to -.133; P<.001), obesity (odds ratio [OR] 0.964, 95% CI 0.950-0.977; P<.001), waist circumference (β=-.219, 95% CI -.320 to -.117; P<.001), abdominal obesity (OR 0.975, 95% CI 0.960-0.990; P<.001), OA (OR 0.965, 95% CI 0.942-0.990; P=.005), and RA (OR 0.940, 95% CI 0.912-0.968; P<.001). Participants with increased sleep duration also showed increased BMD (β=.002, 95% CI .001-.003; P=.005), as compared with participants who slept <5.5 hours. A significant saturation effect of sleep duration on obesity, abdominal obesity, and hyperuricemia was detected through smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis (sleep duration>inflection point). In addition, a significant threshold effect of sleep duration on BMD (P<.001); OA (P<.001); RA (P<.001); and all-cause (P<.001), cardiovascular disease-cause (P<.001), cancer-cause (P=.005), and diabetes-cause mortality (P<.001) was found. The inflection point was between 6.5 hours and 9 hours. CONCLUSIONS The double-edged sword effect of sleep duration on obesity-related outcomes, embolism-related diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and mortality because of different causes was detected in this study. These findings provided epidemiological evidence that proper sleep duration may be an important factor in the prevention of multisystem diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingqing Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hu Qian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Junxiao Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long Hua
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of High Incidence Disease Research in Xinjiang, Ministry of Education, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Lee DW, Lee J. The association between long working hours and obstructive sleep apnea assessed by STOP-BANG score: a cross-sectional study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:191-200. [PMID: 36008500 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01914-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationship between night-shift work and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is well known, but that between OSA and long working hours is still unknown. This study explores the association between long working hours and OSA. METHODS Using cross-sectional Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2020 data, we made multiple logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios (ORs) between weekly working hours and STOP-BANG scores for OSA screening. Stratified regression models by night or rotating shift work were also made. RESULTS In an adjusted model of STOP-BANG high-risk versus low-risk groups, the OR in the group exceeding 40 h/wk was higher but not statistically significant, 1.19 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.66-2.15] compared to the group working 40 h/wk (standard working hours) or less. In the group exceeding 52 h/wk, the OR was 2.03 with statistical significance (95% CI 1.08-3.80). In the stratification analysis of daytime and night-shift work, the daytime worker results were similar to those in the non-stratified model. The point estimation values of ORs in the night-shift workers were higher than in the daytime workers; however, we did not observe a statistical significance. CONCLUSION Long working hours can increase the risk of OSA assessed by STOP-BANG scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wook Lee
- Public Healthcare Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongin Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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Fan B, Wu H, Shi M, Yang A, Lau ESH, Tam CHT, Mao D, Lim CKP, Kong APS, Ma RCW, Chow E, Luk AOY, Chan JCN. Associations of the HOMA2-%B and HOMA2-IR with progression to diabetes and glycaemic deterioration in young and middle-aged Chinese. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2022; 38:e3525. [PMID: 35174618 PMCID: PMC9542522 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Insulin deficiency (ID) and resistance (IR) contribute to progression from normal glucose tolerance to diabetes to insulin requirement although their relative contributions in young-onset diabetes is unknown. METHODS We examined the associations of HOMA2 using fasting plasma glucose and C-peptide in Chinese aged 20-50 years with (1) progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in participants without diabetes in a community-based cohort (1998-2013) and (2) glycaemic deterioration in patients with T2D in a clinic-based cohort (1995-2014). We defined ID as HOMA2-%B below median and insulin IR as HOMA2-IR above median. RESULTS During 10-year follow-up, 62 (17.9%) of 347 community-dwelling participants progressed to T2D. After 8.6 years, 291 (48.1%) of 609 patients with T2D had glycaemic deterioration. At baseline, progressors for T2D had higher HOMA2-IR, while in patients with T2D, progressors for glycaemic deterioration had higher HOMA2-IR and lower HOMA2-%B than non-progressors. The non-ID/IR group and the ID/IR group had an adjusted odds ratios of 2.47 (95% CI: 1.28, 4.94) and 5.36 (2.26, 12.79), respectively, for incident T2D versus the ID/non-IR group. In patients with T2D, 50% of the ID/IR group required insulin at 6.7 years versus around 11 years in the non-ID/IR or ID/non-IR, and more than 15 years in the non-ID/non-IR group. Compared with the latter group, the adjusted hazard ratios were 2.74 (1.80, 4.16) in the ID/non-IR, 2.73 (1.78, 4.19) in the non-ID/IR and 4.46 (2.87, 6.91) in the ID/IR group (p-interaction = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS In young Chinese adults, IR and ID contributed to progression to T2D and glycaemic deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqi Fan
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and ObesityThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
| | - Hongjiang Wu
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
| | - Mai Shi
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
| | - Aimin Yang
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and ObesityThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
| | - Eric S. H. Lau
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
| | - Claudia H. T. Tam
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
| | - Dandan Mao
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
| | - Cadmon K. P. Lim
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
| | - Alice P. S. Kong
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and ObesityThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
| | - Ronald C. W. Ma
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and ObesityThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
| | - Elaine Chow
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and ObesityThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
| | - Andrea O. Y. Luk
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and ObesityThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
| | - Juliana C. N. Chan
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and ObesityThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARChina
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Grandner MA. Sleep, Health, and Society. Sleep Med Clin 2022; 17:117-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fan Y, Zhang L, Wang Y, Li C, Zhang B, He J, Guo P, Qi X, Zhang M, Guo C, Guo Y, Zhang M. Gender differences in the association between sleep duration and body mass index, percentage of body fat and visceral fat area among chinese adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:247. [PMID: 34952580 PMCID: PMC8709998 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00913-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between sleep duration and anthropometric indices are still unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between sleep duration and body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (PBF) and visceral fat area (VFA) among Chinese adults, further to explore gender difference in it. METHODS We analyzed part of the baseline data of a cohort study among adult attendees at two health-screening centers in China. Sleep duration was self-reported and categorized into short (< 7 h/day), optimal (7-9 h/day) and long sleep (≥ 9 h/day). BMI, PBF and VFA were assessed by bioelectric impedance analysis. Demographic characteristics, chronic diseases and medication history, physical activity, smoking and alcohol drinking behaviors were measured by an investigator-administrated questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 9059 adult participants (63.08% were females) were included in the analysis. The participants aged from 19 to 91 years with the mean age of 45.0 ± 14.6 years. Short sleep was independently associated with elevated odds of general obesity (defined using BMI) and visceral obesity (defined using VFA) among the total study population, and gender differences were observed in these associations. Among women, short sleep was associated with 62% increased odds of general obesity (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.24-2.12) and 22% increased odds of visceral obesity (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.02-1.45). Among men, long sleep duration was associated with 21% decreased odds of visceral obesity (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64-0.99). No association was observed between sleep duration and PBF in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS Sleep duration was associated with increased odds of general and visceral obesity, and this association differed between men and women. No association was observed between sleep duration and PBF among either males or females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Fan
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94, Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxue Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94, Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunjun Li
- Tianjin People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94, Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiangshan He
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94, Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Pei Guo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94, Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Tianjin People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mianzhi Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Yirui Guo
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Minying Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94, Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China.
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Chan SM, Au-Yeung TC, Wong H, Chung RYN, Chung GKK. Long Working Hours, Precarious Employment and Anxiety Symptoms Among Working Chinese Population in Hong Kong. Psychiatr Q 2021; 92:1745-1757. [PMID: 34373982 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-021-09938-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association between working hours and anxiety of a working population in Hong Kong. We used a cross sectional data from a population-based household survey of Hong Kong Chinese adults. Key measures included employment status, skill level, working hours, length of stay at current job and anxiety level. Symptoms of anxiety were assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). The data were analysed using logistic regression. Chinese adults who had long working hours (≥ 72 h per week) had higher odds of developing symptoms of anxiety than those who worked for ≤ 36 h per week (odds ratio [OR] 5.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.82‒19.41). Compared with short period (< 1 year), long period of stay at current job (≥ 5 years) was found as a protective factor from anxiety (OR 0.38, 95% CI: 0.20‒0.73). We found that a working period of 72 h per week was a significant threshold to cause anxiety to workers. Stable job arrangement was a protective factor to workers from anxiety. Implementation of labour market regulations, such as standard working hour policy and stable job arrangement, was also significant to mitigate risk of anxiety for working people in Hong Kong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu Ming Chan
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences (Social Work), City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Tat Chor Au-Yeung
- Department of Sociology and Social Policy, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hung Wong
- Department of Social Work, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Roger Yat-Nork Chung
- Institute of Health Equity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gary Ka-Ki Chung
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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10
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Hyun MK, Kan MY. The Association Between Work Status and the Use of Healthcare Services Among Women in the Republic of Korea. Saf Health Work 2021; 13:51-58. [PMID: 35936212 PMCID: PMC9346942 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies on occupational health focussed predominately on the occurrence of occupational diseases. Relatively few studies have measured how employment is associated with the use of healthcare services. This study investigates the association between employment and the extent and range of healthcare use, such as medical expenditures, of women in South Korea. Methods We analyze data of the Korean Health Panel, an ongoing longitudinal national representative survey, from 2008 to 2017, to identify the status of economic activity of women by year and age group. We estimate the association between female employment status and medical expenditures by using random effect panel Tobit models. Furthermore, we investigate the association between employment status and the range of healthcare services in biomedicine and traditional Korean medicine (KM) by conducting conditional fixed-effects logistic regression analyses. Results For women aged between 25 and 65 in 2017, the majority of them were employed or self-employed. (The proportion of employment of self-employment equals 64.80%). In addition, working women spent 11.6% less on healthcare than nonworking women, and self-employment lowered the healthcare expenditure by 13.1%. Neither work nor the type of work is related to the types and range of healthcare service use. Being employed or self-employed is negatively associated with women’s expenditure on healthcare. Conclusions The findings show that employment is associated with less spending on healthcare. They imply that employment has a positive impact on women’s health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Hyun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Yee Kan
- Department of Sociology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author. Department of Sociology, University of Oxford, 42-43 Park End Street, Oxford OX1 1JD, United Kingdom.
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11
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Zhu Z, Chen H, Chen J, Ma J, He Y. The Effect of Commuting Time on Job Stress in Obese Men With Different Exercise Frequency in China. Am J Mens Health 2021; 14:1557988320975542. [PMID: 33307953 PMCID: PMC7739097 DOI: 10.1177/1557988320975542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have mainly focused on the independent impact of commuting time, exercise, and stress on people. There are few studies regarding the impact of the combined effect of multiple factors on special populations such as obese people. As obesity has become increasingly widespread in China, we studied the impact of commuting time on work stress on Chinese obese men (who exercise regularly vs. who exercise irregularly). We performed a secondary retrospective analysis of the cross-sectional data from the 2014 China Labor Force Dynamics Survey. We found that long commute times and less exercise have a positive effect on the increase in stress, but the effect is less evident for people who exercise regularly. Commuters traveling on foot are more stressed than those traveling by car. This study also found that commuting time had a significant impact on the perceived work stress of obese men who exercised irregularly. But the relationship between commuting time and work stress was different among groups with different commuting styles. For obese men who commuted on foot or motorcycle, commuting time had a significant impact on their job stress. However, for obese men who commuted by bicycle, bus, or car, commuting time had no significant effect on job stress. Additionally, active and passive commuting have different effects on stress. Active commuters tend to be more stressed, while passive commuters do not show a significant impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjun Zhu
- College of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongsheng Chen
- School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junlan Chen
- School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianxiao Ma
- College of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yudong He
- College of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Cheng F, Ng NYH, Tam CHT, Zhang Y, Lim CKP, Jiang G, Ng ACW, Yau TTL, Cheung LP, Xu A, Chan JCN, Ma RCW. Association between FGF19, FGF21 and lipocalin-2, and diabetes progression in PCOS. Endocr Connect 2021; 10:1243-1252. [PMID: 34473082 PMCID: PMC8494400 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. FGF19, FGF21 and lipocalin-2 have emerged as important markers of metabolic risk. This study aims to compare the levels of FGF19, FGF21 and lipocalin-2 between subjects with or without PCOS, and to investigate the relationship between proteins and diabetes progression. In this nested case-control cohort study, 128 Chinese PCOS women and 128 controls were recruited and followed-up. All subjects underwent the oral glucose tolerance test for the evaluation of glycaemic status. Baseline serum protein levels were measured using ELISA. Compared with controls, PCOS subjects had higher levels of FGF19 (P < 0.001) and FGF21 (P = 0.022), but had lower lipocalin-2 (P < 0.001). In total, 20.8% of PCOS and 9.2% of controls developed diabetes over a mean duration of 10.4 ± 1.2 and 11.3 ± 0.5 years, respectively. Logistic regression analyses suggested FGF19 was positively associated with diabetes progression in controls, after adjusting for age, follow-up duration, waist and fasting glucose (P = 0.026, odds ratio (OR) (95% CI): 7.4 (1.3-43.6)), and the positive relationship between FGF21 and diabetes progression in controls was attenuated by adjusting for age and follow-up duration (P = 0.183). Lipocalin-2 was positively correlated with diabetes progression in PCOS group (P = 0.026, OR (95% CI)): 2.5 (1.1-5.6)); however, this became attenuated after adjusting for waist and fasting glucose (P = 0.081). In conclusion, there is differential expression of FGF19, FGF21, and lipocalin-2 in PCOS. The serum level of FGF19, and FGF21 is associated with diabetes progression in women without PCOS, while lipocalin-2 was related to diabetes progression in PCOS women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Cheng
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Noel Yat Hey Ng
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Claudia Ha Ting Tam
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cadmon King Poo Lim
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Guozhi Jiang
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Alex Chi Wai Ng
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tiffany Tse Ling Yau
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lai Ping Cheung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Correspondence should be addressed to R C W Ma:
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13
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Accelerated progression of waist-to-hip ratio but not body mass index associated with lower socioeconomic position: a cohort study of nonobese early postmenopausal Chinese women. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 27:550-558. [PMID: 32068683 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Menopausal changes are linked to increase in body fat mass and central fat distribution; nonetheless, the impact of socioeconomic position on such changes has rarely been examined. This cohort study assessed the temporal associations of socioeconomic position with changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) among early postmenopausal women. METHODS Between 2002 and 2004, 518 Hong Kong Chinese women aged 50 to 64 and within 10 years since menopause were recruited and followed up at 3 and 5 years. Weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences were measured by trained interviewers at baseline and follow-up interviews. Socioeconomic positions including educational attainment, economic activity status and household income level, and other baseline demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, and mental health status were collected based on a structured questionnaire. In total, 287 and 267 women with no general and abdominal obesity, respectively, at baseline were included in multiple regression analyses. RESULTS Mean intrapersonal increases in BMI and WHR between baseline and 5-year interview were 0.46 kg/m and 2.80%, respectively. Women with no secondary education were 75% more likely to have a greater than-mean WHR increase than their more educated counterparts (P = 0.039). Also, having no secondary education (P = 0.041) and being a homemaker (P = 0.034) had accelerated surge in WHR. Nonetheless, baseline socioeconomic positions were not significantly associated with BMI changes. CONCLUSIONS Socioeconomic patterning was observed for the progression of WHR among nonobese Chinese women soon after menopause. Early postmenopausal stage may be a critical window for prevention of abdominal obesity among women with a lower educational attainment.
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14
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Eum MJ, Jung HS. The interplay of sleep duration, working hours, and obesity in Korean male workers: The 2010-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247746. [PMID: 33651799 PMCID: PMC7924799 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to clarify the odds ratio for association between working hours and obesity in Korean male wage workers and investigate the role of sleep duration. This study is a cross-sectional one using large-scale national data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey collected between 2010 and 2015 to evaluate 2,592 male wage workers (between the ages of 19 and 60 years). Obesity was defined as 25kg/m2 or more and working hours per week were categorized into <40, 40–49, 50–59, and ≥60 hours. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the odds ratio for association between working hours and obesity, after controlling for age, education, income, marital status, smoking, drinking, physical activity, daily energy intake, sleep duration, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, work schedule, and job category. Next, to study the mediating effect of sleep duration on the association between working hours and obesity, an analysis was performed using the Baron and Kenny method and the Sobel test. Results showed that workers with 50 to 59 hours had 1.4 times higher odds (odds ratio [OR] = 1.4, confidence interval [CI]: 1.11–1.85) of obesity and workers with 60 hours or more had 1.4 times higher odds (OR = 1.4, CI: 1.06–1.90) of obesity than workers with less than 40 hours. Sleep was found to have a mediating effect on the association between working time and body mass index. Therefore, the results of this analysis suggest that practitioners should identify potential factors such as working time and sleeping time when preventing work-related obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Jung Eum
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Secho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Sun Jung
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Secho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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15
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Tam CHT, Lim CKP, Luk AOY, Ng ACW, Lee HM, Jiang G, Lau ESH, Fan B, Wan R, Kong APS, Tam WH, Ozaki R, Chow EYK, Lee KF, Siu SC, Hui G, Tsang CC, Lau KP, Leung JYY, Tsang MW, Kam G, Lau IT, Li JKY, Yeung VTF, Lau E, Lo S, Fung S, Cheng YL, Chow CC, Hu M, Yu W, Tsui SKW, Huang Y, Lan H, Szeto CC, Tang NLS, Ng MCY, So WY, Tomlinson B, Chan JCN, Ma RCW. Development of genome-wide polygenic risk scores for lipid traits and clinical applications for dyslipidemia, subclinical atherosclerosis, and diabetes cardiovascular complications among East Asians. Genome Med 2021; 13:29. [PMID: 33608049 PMCID: PMC7893928 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00831-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical utility of personal genomic information in identifying individuals at increased risks for dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases remains unclear. Methods We used data from Biobank Japan (n = 70,657–128,305) and developed novel East Asian-specific genome-wide polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for four lipid traits. We validated (n = 4271) and subsequently tested associations of these scores with 3-year lipid changes in adolescents (n = 620), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in adult women (n = 781), dyslipidemia (n = 7723), and coronary heart disease (CHD) (n = 2374 cases and 6246 controls) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. Results Our PRSs aggregating 84–549 genetic variants (0.251 < correlation coefficients (r) < 0.272) had comparably stronger association with lipid variations than the typical PRSs derived based on the genome-wide significant variants (0.089 < r < 0.240). Our PRSs were robustly associated with their corresponding lipid levels (7.5 × 10− 103 < P < 1.3 × 10− 75) and 3-year lipid changes (1.4 × 10− 6 < P < 0.0130) which started to emerge in childhood and adolescence. With the adjustments for principal components (PCs), sex, age, and body mass index, there was an elevation of 5.3% in TC (β ± SE = 0.052 ± 0.002), 11.7% in TG (β ± SE = 0.111 ± 0.006), 5.8% in HDL-C (β ± SE = 0.057 ± 0.003), and 8.4% in LDL-C (β ± SE = 0.081 ± 0.004) per one standard deviation increase in the corresponding PRS. However, their predictive power was attenuated in T2D patients (0.183 < r < 0.231). When we included each PRS (for TC, TG, and LDL-C) in addition to the clinical factors and PCs, the AUC for dyslipidemia was significantly increased by 0.032–0.057 in the general population (7.5 × 10− 3 < P < 0.0400) and 0.029–0.069 in T2D patients (2.1 × 10− 10 < P < 0.0428). Moreover, the quintile of TC-related PRS was moderately associated with cIMT in adult women (β ± SE = 0.011 ± 0.005, Ptrend = 0.0182). Independent of conventional risk factors, the quintile of PRSs for TC [OR (95% CI) = 1.07 (1.03–1.11)], TG [OR (95% CI) = 1.05 (1.01–1.09)], and LDL-C [OR (95% CI) = 1.05 (1.01–1.09)] were significantly associated with increased risk of CHD in T2D patients (4.8 × 10− 4 < P < 0.0197). Further adjustment for baseline lipid drug use notably attenuated the CHD association. Conclusions The PRSs derived and validated here highlight the potential for early genomic screening and personalized risk assessment for cardiovascular disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13073-021-00831-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia H T Tam
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,CUHK-SJTU Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cadmon K P Lim
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,CUHK-SJTU Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Andrea O Y Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,CUHK-SJTU Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Hong Kong, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alex C W Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Heung-Man Lee
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guozhi Jiang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eric S H Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Baoqi Fan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Raymond Wan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alice P S Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Hung Tam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Risa Ozaki
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Elaine Y K Chow
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Fai Lee
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Yau Ma Tei, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shing-Chung Siu
- Diabetes Centre, Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Grace Hui
- Diabetes Centre, Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chiu-Chi Tsang
- Diabetes and Education Centre, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kam-Piu Lau
- North District Hospital, Sheung Shui, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jenny Y Y Leung
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Ruttonjee Hospital, Wan Chai, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man-Wo Tsang
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Grace Kam
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ip-Tim Lau
- Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong, China
| | - June K Y Li
- Department of Medicine, Yan Chai Hospital, Tsuen Wan, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vincent T F Yeung
- Centre for Diabetes Education and Management, Our Lady of Maryknoll Hospital, Wong Tai Sin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Emmy Lau
- Department of Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stanley Lo
- Department of Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong, China
| | - Samuel Fung
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Lai Chi Kok, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuk-Lun Cheng
- Department of Medicine, Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Chung Chow
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Miao Hu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weichuan Yu
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stephen K W Tsui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ma Liu Shui, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ma Liu Shui, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huiyao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheuk-Chun Szeto
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nelson L S Tang
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Maggie C Y Ng
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Wing-Yee So
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brian Tomlinson
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,CUHK-SJTU Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Hong Kong, China.,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,CUHK-SJTU Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Hong Kong, China. .,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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16
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Guner U, Guner N. The relationship between long working hours and weight gain in older workers in Europe. Work 2020; 67:753-759. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-203324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Several studies have been performed on the relationship between working conditions and health. Numerous parameters still require further study, including working hours and obesity among different groups, specifically older workers in national, regional, and international levels. OBJECTIVE: Working hours have considerable effects on the socio-cultural, psychological, and economic aspects of people’s lives and health. While long working hours increases income level and raises living standards, it increases the risk of certain health problems. This study investigated whether working hours are associated with obesity in upper-middle-aged workers. METHODS: The Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) dataset was used for the analyses. Analyses were carried out by means of a Cox regression of the panel dataset created with the data in question, surveyed by European Commission to 12,000 participants. RESULTS: The survey was performed in Austria, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, Denmark, Spain, France, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, the Czech Republic, Poland, and Ireland. We found that in most countries, especially Sweden and the Netherlands, upper-middle-aged employees working > 59 hours per week are more likely to gain weight than their counterparts working < 59 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings raise awareness of obesity in older workers, and highlight the need to regulate working conditions and hours in the European Union and other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umit Guner
- Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policies, Turkey
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17
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Park S, Shin J, Baek S. Analysis of Health-Related Behaviors of Adult Korean Women at Normal BMI with Different Body Image Perceptions: Results from the 2013-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5534. [PMID: 32751821 PMCID: PMC7432878 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The tendency of misperceiving one's body image was found to be higher among those at normal body mass index (BMI). Thus, the present study aims to provide basic data to seek solutions for ideal physical activities and right body image perception by comparing health-related behaviors of women at normal BMI. Among the 39,225 respondents from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES) conducted from 2013 to 2017, 10,798 adult women with World Health Organization (WHO) BMI Classifications of 18.5 ≤ BMI < 25 (Asia-Pacific) were considered, from which pregnant and breast-feeding women and women whose body image perception was not identified were excluded, leading to a total of 9288 women. Data were analyzed utilizing SAS ver. 9.4 for frequency analysis, cross tabulation, GLM (generalized linear model), and logistic regression analysis with complex samples design, in conformity with the guidelines of the KNHNES. The results showed that approximately most (87.6%) of adult Korean women misperceived their body image. Misperception of body image was related to inappropriate health-related behaviors such as smoking, insufficient sleeping, and excessive body weight management; those who had underestimated their body image (≤64 odds ratio (OR) (0.718 (confidence interval (C.I.) 0.594-0.866))) carried out fewer health-related behaviors, while women aged 65 or above engaged in more health-related behaviors when they perceived themselves as obese (OR 1.683 (C.I. 1.260-2.248; overestimation)). To sum up, it was found that lack of health management, inappropriate body weight control, and health-related behaviors are related to body image misperception compared with real BMI. As such, it is necessary to have educational programs to encourage building proper perception of one's body image and body weight, and to carry out health-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyeon Park
- Department of Nursing, Daejeon Health Institute of Technology, 21 Chungjeong-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon 34504, Korea;
| | - Jieun Shin
- Department of Liberal Arts, Woosuk University, 443 Samnye-ro, Samnye-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55338, Korea
| | - Seunghui Baek
- Department of Health Exercise Management, Sungshin Women’s University, Bomun-ro 34da-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02844, Korea
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Di Tecco C, Fontana L, Adamo G, Petyx M, Iavicoli S. Gender differences and occupational factors for the risk of obesity in the Italian working population. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:706. [PMID: 32416721 PMCID: PMC7229582 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08817-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a multifactorial condition and a major risk factor associated with several non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, and with a higher risk of premature death and disability. Sex-specific factors have key roles and must be taken into consideration in studying occupational factors associated with the risk of obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate gender differences in body mass index (BMI) in a large cohort representative of Italian workers and, correlating this index with several demographic and occupational variables, to verify sex- and work-dependent differences in the risk of obesity. METHODS We utilized data from INSuLa, a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey of the Italian worker population conducted in 2013 by the Italian Workers' Compensation Authority to investigate health and safety at work. Analyses were run on a sample of 8000 Italian workers, aged from 16 to 64 years. Logistic regression models were employed to assess gender differences in the relation between occupational characteristics and BMI. We adjusted for age, education, variables related to health protection at work, and chronic conditions and diseases. RESULTS There were several significant differences in the BMI between males and females, linked to some occupational factors. For instance, female shift workers were 1.32 times (95% CI 1.11-1.57) more likely to be overweight or obese than normal-weight workers, and this association was maintained when controlling for confounders. The likelihood of overweight or obesity among women who worked 1-2 night shifts per week was significantly higher - 1.5-1.6 times - than those on day shifts. CONCLUSIONS Gender-specific differences in occupational factors associated with the risk of obesity are useful with a view to characterizing this risk and helping identify workplace-targeted intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Di Tecco
- Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy
| | - L. Fontana
- Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy
| | - G. Adamo
- Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M. Petyx
- Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy
| | - S. Iavicoli
- Italian Workers’ Compensation Authority (INAIL), Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Monte Porzio Catone, 00078 Rome, Italy
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Age and sex differences in the association between sleep duration and general and abdominal obesity at 6-year follow-up: the rural Chinese cohort study. Sleep Med 2020; 69:71-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Eum MJ, Jung HS. Association between Occupational Characteristics and Overweight and Obesity among Working Korean Women: The 2010-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17051585. [PMID: 32121448 PMCID: PMC7084197 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Associations between several occupational characteristics and obesity are not fully elucidated in Korean working populations, especially in females. This study investigated associations between occupational characteristics and overweight/obesity among Korean women. Data on 2090 female workers (the mean age was 38.8 ± 0.2 years), extracted from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys in 2010-2015, were analyzed and showed that 6.8% of subjects were underweight, 50.8% had normal weight, 20.1% were overweight, and 22.2% were individuals with obesity. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine associations between occupational characteristics and overweight/obesity, after controlling for demographic, behavioral, and health-related characteristics. The reference group was normal weight. Working hours were strongly associated with overweight/obesity. The odds ratio (OR) of obesity in women who worked for ≥60 hours per week was 2.68 (95% confidence interval: [CI] 2.13-3.36) compared with those who worked for <40 hours. Night/shift workers were 1.21 times (95% confidence interval: [CI] 1.01-1.45) more likely to experience obesity than day or evening workers. In conclusion, obesity rates increase among female workers with longer working hours and those who work at night or in shifts. Occupational characteristics should be considered in the prevention of obesity among working women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Jung Eum
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Hye-Sun Jung
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2258-7368; Fax: +82-2-532-3820
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Ning X, Lv J, Guo Y, Bian Z, Tan Y, Pei P, Chen J, Yan S, Li H, Fu Z, Chen Y, Du H, Chen Z, Yu C, Li L. Association of Sleep Duration with Weight Gain and General and Central Obesity Risk in Chinese Adults: A Prospective Study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:468-474. [PMID: 31876384 PMCID: PMC7063984 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence on the association between sleep duration and obesity among adults is inconsistent. Prospective studies investigating the association in Chinese adults have been limited. This study aims to prospectively evaluate sleep duration in relation to subsequent weight gain and general and central obesity risk among Chinese adults. METHODS A total of 21,958 participants aged 30 to 79 years reported their daily sleep duration. Obesity indicators were objectively measured; then significant weight gain (≥ 5 kg) and general and central obesity were modeled as the outcome. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% CIs. RESULTS Average sleep duration was 7.5 hours at baseline. During 8.0 ± 0.8 years of follow-up, participants who reported sleeping ≤ 6 hours had higher risk for significant weight gain than those who slept 7 hours (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02-1.29). The association was stronger among those who were physically inactive at baseline (P = 0.04 for interaction). Short sleep duration was also associated with subsequent incident central obesity, with odds ratio of 1.13 (95% CI: 1.00-1.28), but not with incident general obesity (P = 0.31). CONCLUSIONS Compared with those who slept 7 hours per day, short sleepers had an increased risk of significant weight gain and central obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejuan Ning
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zheng Bian
- Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Pei Pei
- Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentBeijingChina
| | - Shichuan Yan
- Department of NCDs Prevention and ControlHeilongjiang CDCHarlinHeilongjiangChina
| | - Huimei Li
- Department of NCDs Prevention and ControlMeilan CDCHaikouChina
| | - Zhifang Fu
- Department of NCDs Prevention and ControlMeilan CDCHaikouChina
| | - Yiping Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU)Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Huaidong Du
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU)Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU)Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
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Chen M, Zhang X, Liang Y, Xue H, Gong Y, Xiong J, He F, Yang Y, Cheng G. Associations between nocturnal sleep duration, midday nap duration and body composition among adults in Southwest China. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223665. [PMID: 31618237 PMCID: PMC6795487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We aim to explore the relationship between nocturnal sleep duration (NSD) and midday nap duration (MND) with body composition among Southwest Chinese adults. Methods Data on sleep duration of 3145 adults in Southwest China (59.4% women) were obtained between 2014 and 2015 through questionnaires. Height, weight, and waist circumference (WC) were measured to calculate body composition (body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (%BF), and fat mass index (FMI)). Linear regression models were used to assess gender-specific associations between NSD and body composition. The relationship between MND with the odds of overweight and central obesity has been evaluated by logistic regression models. Results NSD has the inverse relation with males’ BMI, WC, %BF and FMI after adjusting for all covariates (all P <0.0007), exclusive of females’ (all P >0.4). After adjustment for potential confounders, compared to the subjects in the no midday nap group, the subjects who napped 0.1–1 hour were independently associated with a less prevalence of overweight in both women (OR: 0.72, 95%CI: 0.55–0.95) and men (OR: 0.71, 95%CI: 0.52–0.98). MND was not associated with central obesity. Conclusions Among Southwest Chinese adults, lower NSD might be related to higher BMI, WC, %BF and FMI among men. Additionally, MND is associated with overweight in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Chen
- West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liang
- West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Xue
- College of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Yunhui Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, P. R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Longquanyi District of Chengdu Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Jingyuan Xiong
- West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Fang He
- West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yanfang Yang
- West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Guo Cheng
- West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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Park H, Lee SJ. Working hours and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease according to sleep duration. Chronobiol Int 2019; 36:1671-1680. [PMID: 31581841 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2019.1670671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is no study on the relationship between working hours and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between working hours and NAFLD by sleep duration using a large set of abdominal ultrasonography examination data. Data from 194,625 patients who underwent health examinations from 2015 to 2017 were analyzed. Chi-square tests, linear-by-linear association and ANOVA were performed to compare general characteristics according to working hours. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between working hours and NAFLD by sleep duration. There was no significant relationship between working hours and NAFLD prevalence in the group of short sleep duration of ≤5 hours or the group of long sleep duration of ≥7 hours. The risk of NAFLD in the >52 working hour group was significantly higher (aOR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04-1.14) than that in the 40- to 52-hour working hour group after adjusting for confounding factors in the 5- to 6-hour sleep duration group. There was no significant difference between ≤40 working hours and 40 ~ 52 working hours in the 5 ~ 6 hours sleep duration group (aOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.97-1.06). In general, working hours were significantly related to NAFLD. There was a difference in the relationship between working hours and NAFLD according to sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwanjin Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Progression of glucose intolerance and cardiometabolic risk factors over a decade in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A case-control study. PLoS Med 2019; 16:e1002953. [PMID: 31652273 PMCID: PMC6814217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with increased metabolic risk, though data on long-term follow-up of cardiometabolic traits are limited. We postulated that Chinese women with PCOS would have higher risk of incident diabetes and cardiometabolic abnormalities than those without PCOS during long-term follow-up. METHODS AND FINDINGS One hundred ninety-nine Chinese women with PCOS diagnosed by the Rotterdam criteria and with a mean age of 41.2 years (SD = 6.4) completed a follow-up evaluation after an average of 10.6 ± 1.3 years. Two hundred twenty-five women without PCOS (mean age: 54.1 ± 6.7 years) who underwent baseline and follow-up evaluation over the same period were used for comparison. Progression of glycaemic status of women both with and without PCOS was assessed by using 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) screening with the adoption of 2009 American Diabetes Association diagnostic criteria. The frequency of impaired glucose regulation, hypertension, and hyperlipidaemia of women with PCOS at follow-up has increased from 31.7% (95% CI 25.2%-38.1%) to 47.2% (95% CI 40.3%-54.2%), 16.1% (95% CI 11.0%-21.2%) to 34.7% (95% CI 28.1%-41.3%), and 52.3% (95% CI 45.3%-59.2%) to 64.3% (95% CI 57.7%-71.0%), respectively. The cumulative incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in follow-up women with PCOS is 26.1% (95% CI 20.0%-32.2%), almost double that in the cohort of women without PCOS (p < 0.001). Age-standardised incidence of diabetes among women with PCOS was 22.12 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI 10.86-33.37) compared with the local female population incidence rate of 8.76 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI 8.72-8.80) and 10.09 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI 4.92-15.26, p < 0.001) for women without PCOS in our study. Incidence rate for women with PCOS aged 30-39 years was 20.56 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI 12.57-31.87), which is approximately 10-fold higher than that of the age-matched general female population in Hong Kong (1.88 per 1,000 person-years, [95% CI 1.85-1.92]). The incidence rate of type 2 DM (T2DM) of both normal-weight and overweight women with PCOS was around double that of corresponding control groups (normal weight: 8.96 [95% CI 3.92-17.72] versus 4.86 per 1,000 person-years [95% CI 2.13-9.62], p > 0.05; overweight/obese: 28.64 [95% CI 19.55-40.60] versus 14.1 per 1,000 person-years [95% CI 8.20-22.76], p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified that baseline waist-to-hip ratio (odds ratio [OR] = 1.71 [95% CI 1.08-2.69], p < 0.05) and elevated triglyceride (OR = 6.63 [95% CI 1.23-35.69], p < 0.05) are associated with the progression to T2DM in PCOS. Limitations of this study include moderate sample size with limited number of incident diabetes during follow-up period and potential selection bias. CONCLUSIONS High risk of diabetes and increased cardiovascular disease risk factors among Chinese women with PCOS are highlighted in this long-term follow-up study. Diabetes onset was, on average, 10 years earlier among women with PCOS than in women without PCOS.
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Abstract
Objective: To explore the perceptions of soldiers participating in a US Army Office of The Surgeon General’s worksite health promotion programme (WHPP) on the local food environment within their campus-style workplace. Design: Focus groups were conducted to evaluate the perceived effectiveness of the WHPP implementation. Further exploration of focus group data through thematic analysis focused on perceived contributions of the military campus-style food environment to soldiers’ nutrition behaviours. Setting: Three US Army installations located in the continental USA. Participants: Active duty soldiers (n 366) participating in one of the fifty-eight focus groups. Results: Soldiers shared a common belief of self-discipline and personal responsibility as the foothold to nutrition behaviour change. Soldiers described aspects of the military campus-style food environment as factors impeding achievement of optimal nutrition. Collectively, soldiers perceived the proximity and density of fast-food restaurants, lack of healthy alternatives on the installation and the cost of healthy food as inhibitors to choosing healthy foods. Overwhelmingly, soldiers also perceived time constraints as a factor contributing to unhealthy food choices. Conclusions: Although nutrition behaviour is individually driven, soldiers perceived the military campus-style food environment inhibits healthy decision making. Nutrition programming in military WHPP must integrate food environment changes to improve soldiers’ nutrition behaviour outcomes. Applicable to the military, food choice behaviour studies suggest environmental changes must be appealing to young adults. Considerations for environmental changes should include an increased portion size for healthy options, broadened use of soldiers’ daily food allowances on local produce and increased availability of grab-and-go options.
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Yuen JWM, Chang KKP, Wong FKY, Wong FY, Siu JYM, Ho HC, Wong MS, Ho JYS, Chan KL, Yang L. Influence of Urban Green Space and Facility Accessibility on Exercise and Healthy Diet in Hong Kong. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E1514. [PMID: 31035692 PMCID: PMC6539933 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16091514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background A cross-sectional study using a convenience sampling method was conducted to understand how green space and accessibility of common public open spaces in compact urban areas affect physical activity and healthy diets of residents. Methods A total of 554 residents completed a structured questionnaire on quality of life, physical activity level and healthy eating practice. Particularly, categories of physical activity and durations were obtained by using the short form Chinese International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-C), then the Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET)-minutes/week was calculated using the formulae (walking minutes × walking days × 3.3) + (moderate-intensity activity minutes × moderate days × 4.0) + (vigorous-intensity activity minutes × vigorous-intensity days × 8.0). The percentage of green space was calculated based on a spatial buffer with a 500 m radius from participants' geocoded addresses using a SPOT ('Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terre' in French) satellite image-derived vegetation dataset. Parks, promenade and sports facilities were examples of open spaces. Results The sampled population who lived with green space averaged 10.11% ± 7.95% (ranged 1.56-32.90%), with the majority (90%) performing physical activities at medium and high levels. MET-minutes/week was significantly associated (Pearson r = 0.092; p < 0.05) with the green space percentage. Relatively active residents commonly used open spaces within the district for performing exercise, in particular, parks and promenades were mostly used by older residents, while sports facilities by the younger groups at age 25-44 and <25 years. Conclusions Current findings suggested promotion of exercise could be achieved by the design or redesign of built environment to include more parks accessible to the residents with the increase of vegetation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W M Yuen
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Katherine K P Chang
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Frances K Y Wong
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Fiona Y Wong
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Judy Y M Siu
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - H C Ho
- Department of Urban Planning and Design, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - M S Wong
- Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Janice Y S Ho
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - K L Chan
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Guner U. Is there a relationship between working hours and hypertension? Evidence from the United States. Work 2019; 62:279-285. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-192862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Umit Guner
- Gebze Technical University, Isletme Fakultesi, B223 Gebze, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey. E-mail:
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Ogilvie RP, Bazzano LA, Gustat J, Harville EW, Chen W, Patel SR. Sex and race differences in the association between sleep duration and adiposity: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Sleep Health 2018; 5:84-90. [PMID: 30670172 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short sleep duration has been consistently associated with obesity. However, few studies in adults have assessed whether this association varies by sex and race. METHODS In the 2013-2016 examination of 1116 participants from the biracial Bogalusa Heart Study, habitual sleep duration was measured in categories (<6 hours, 6-7 hours, 7-8 hours, > 8 hours) using self-report. Anthropometry was performed and adiposity was assessed using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. Linear regression models estimated the relationship between sleep duration and adiposity adjusting for age, education, employment, bed partner status, depressive symptoms, smoking status, physical activity, and the use of alcohol and sleeping pills. Effect modification by sex and race was examined using cross-product terms in the models and marginal means were reported. RESULTS Of 1116 participants (mean age 48.2 years), 58.3% were female, and 31.7% were Black. In adjusted analyses, women sleeping <6 hours had a 3.2 (95% CI 1.4, 5.0) kg/m2 greater BMI and 6.1 (1.8, 10.4) cm greater waist circumference compared to women sleeping 7-8 hours. In contrast, men had similar BMIs and waist circumferences regardless of sleep duration (p's for interaction = 0.04 & 0.11). There was no effect modification by race. CONCLUSIONS In this sample, lower habitual sleep duration was associated with greater adiposity among women compared to men. Further research is needed to understand the potential mechanisms of the adverse metabolic effects of short sleep in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel P Ogilvie
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.
| | - Lydia A Bazzano
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Jeanette Gustat
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Emily W Harville
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Sanjay R Patel
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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Zheng W, Luo XN, Li HY, Ke XY, Dai Q, Zhang CJ, Ng CH, Ungvari GS, Xiang YT, Ning YP. Association of sleep duration with sleep disturbances, quality of life, and sociodemographic factors in general hospital outpatients. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2018; 54:422-427. [PMID: 29770460 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine sleep duration and its demographic and clinical correlates in patients attending outpatient clinics attached to general hospitals. DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 4,399 outpatients participated in the study. Sleep duration (short sleep, <7 h/day; long sleep, >8 h/day; and medium sleep, 7-8 h/day) was assessed. FINDINGS The proportions of short and long sleep duration were 39.5% and 10.3%, respectively. Significant associations between short sleep and any type of sleep disturbances, age, education level, depressive symptoms, and rural residence were found. Long sleep was associated with age, education level, being unemployed, and depressive and anxiety symptoms. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Short sleep duration is common among Chinese general hospital outpatients. Due to its negative effects, screening and interventions for short sleep are needed in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Ni Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yin Ke
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Dai
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Chan-Juan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- University of Notre Dame, Australia & Graylands Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yu-Ping Ning
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China
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The Work Organization of Long-Haul Truck Drivers and the Association With Body Mass Index. J Occup Environ Med 2018; 58:712-7. [PMID: 27206124 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine relationships between work organization features of work hours, work schedules, and job stress with body mass indexes (BMIs) of long-haul truck drivers. METHODS Face-to-face survey data were collected first, followed by collection of anthropometric measures including height and weight (n = 260). Logistic regression (backward stepwise model) was used to identify significant predictors of BMI and to analyze odds ratios. RESULTS Mean BMI was 33.40 kg/m(2), with 64.2% obese (BMI > 30 kg/m(2)) and 18.4% extreme/morbidly obese (BMI > 40 kg/m(2)). Working more than 11 daily hours was associated with statistically significant increased odds for being extreme obese. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that longer work hours (>11 hours daily) have a major influence on odds for obesity among this population. The results align with recent NIOSH calls for integrated approaches to worker health.
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Ha CH, Lee M. The Impact of Daily Sleep Hours on the Health of Korean Middle-Aged Women. Community Ment Health J 2018; 54:166-170. [PMID: 28293799 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-017-0130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association between sleep and health in order to provide useful information to manage the health of obese women in the future. One hundred fifty-five Korean women aged 40-60 years without a previous diagnosis of abnormal glucose metabolism or other health problems and with body fat percentages greater than 30 percent were classified into two groups: a non-obese group and an obese group. Sleep hours exhibited a significant positive correlation with weight, body mass index, muscle mass, and glucose levels in the obese group. Significant differences were found for the body composition except the muscle mass. For physical fitness, all factors were significantly different between two groups. Additionally, there were correlations between sleep hours and weight, body mass index, muscle mass, and glucose level in the obese group. However, sleep hours did not exhibit these correlations in the non-obese group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ho Ha
- Department of Human Performance and Leisure Studies, North Carolina A&T State University, 1601 E. Market Street, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA.
| | - Minyong Lee
- Department of Human Performance and Leisure Studies, North Carolina A&T State University, 1601 E. Market Street, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA
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Hou CL, Zang Y, Ma XR, Cai MY, Li Y, Jia FJ, Lin YQ, Chiu HFK, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, Zhong BL, Cao XL, Tam MI, Xiang YT. The Relationship Between Sleep Patterns, Quality of Life, and Social and Clinical Characteristics in Chinese Patients With Schizophrenia. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2017; 53:342-349. [PMID: 27629985 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to determine the pattern of sleep behavior in schizophrenia patients treated in primary care. DESIGN AND METHODS Altogether 623 schizophrenia patients in 22 primary care services were recruited. Sleep duration and demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. FINDINGS The mean expected total sleep time was 8.8 hr (SD 1.8) and the mean actual total sleep time was 8.2 hr (SD 2.1). The frequency of short, medium, and long sleepers was 18.1, 38.4, and 43.5%, respectively. Major medical conditions and any type of insomnia were independently associated with short sleep, while long sleep was associated with unemployment and use of second-generation antipsychotics. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS More attention should be paid to sleep duration in this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Lan Hou
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Psychological Healthcare & Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital & Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin-Rong Ma
- Ningxia Mental Health Center, Ningxia Ning-An Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Mei-Ying Cai
- Guangzhou Yuexiu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Fu-Jun Jia
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Lin
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Helen F K Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- The University of Notre Dame Australia/Marian Centre, and School of Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bao-Liang Zhong
- Affiliated Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Cao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Psychological Healthcare & Shenzhen Institute of Mental Health, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital & Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Man-Ian Tam
- Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China
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Jayawardana NWIA, Jayalath WATA, Madhujith WMT, Ralapanawa U, Jayasekera RS, Alagiyawanna SASB, Bandara AMKR, Kalupahana NS. Aging and obesity are associated with undiagnosed hypertension in a cohort of males in the Central Province of Sri Lanka: a cross-sectional descriptive study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2017; 17:165. [PMID: 28637427 PMCID: PMC5480166 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-017-0600-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle factors associated with hypertension (HT) in South Asian populations are relatively unknown. The objective of the current study was to investigate the prevalence rates of undiagnosed HT and factors associated with it in a cohort of males from the Central Province of Sri Lanka. METHODS The study group consisted of 2462 males (mean age 31 years, range: 16-72 years) who underwent a routine medical examination at the National Transport Medical Institute, Kandy, Sri Lanka. Participants with previously diagnosed heart disease, diabetes, hypertension or other chronic illnesses were excluded from this study. Dietary and other lifestyle factors were studied using validated self-administered questionnaires. Body Mass Index (BMI) cut-off values for Asians were used to categorize the subjects according to weight status. The association of individual dietary and lifestyle patterns with HT was assessed by fitting into binary logistic regression models. RESULTS The mean systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressures (DBP) of the individuals were 125.9 mmHg and 80.5 mmHg, respectively. The prevalence rate of undiagnosed HT was 31.7%. Both SBP and DBP showed significant positive correlations with age, weight, BMI and waist circumference. After adjusting for potential confounders, HT was associated with older age (p = 0.001) and increased weight status (p < 0.001) with trends of association for level of education (p = 0.058). Level of income, alcohol consumption, sleeping hours, smoking, physical activity level, ethnic difference, consumption of fruits, fish, meat, dairy, sweets or fried snacks were not significantly associated with HT. Obese males were 92.1% [odds ratio: 1.9 (1.4-2.7)] more likely to be hypertensive compared to normal weight males. CONCLUSIONS Undiagnosed HT is prevalent at an alarming rate among adult males in the Central Province of Sri Lanka. Its association with age and BMI (weight status) highlights the importance of routine screening for HT as well as interventions targeted at reducing obesity to curb the rise of this modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. W. I. A. Jayawardana
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
| | - W. A. T. A. Jayalath
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - W. M. T. Madhujith
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - U. Ralapanawa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | - A. M. K. R. Bandara
- Department of Agricultural Systems, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
| | - N. S. Kalupahana
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
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Im HJ, Baek SH, Chu MK, Yang KI, Kim WJ, Park SH, Thomas RJ, Yun CH. Association Between Weekend Catch-up Sleep and Lower Body Mass: Population-Based Study. Sleep 2017; 40:3836093. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsx089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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Cha HS, Park H. [Effects of Auricular Acupressure on Obesity in Women with Abdominal Obesity]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2017; 46:249-59. [PMID: 27182021 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.2016.46.2.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of auricular acupressure on reducing obesity in adult women with abdominal obesity. METHODS The study design was a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Participants were 58 women, aged 20 years or older, assigned to the experimental group (n=30) or control group (n=28). Auricular acupressure using vaccaria seeds was administered to the experimental group. The sessions continued for 8 weeks. Outcome measures included body weight, abdominal circumference, and body mass index, body fat mass, body fat percentage, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum glucose. RESULTS Women in the experimental group showed significant decreases in body weight (t=6.19, p<.001), abdominal circumference (t=4.01, p<.001), and body mass index (t=2.58, p=.006) after 8 weeks compared with those in the control group. CONCLUSION Results show that auricular acupressure using vaccaria seeds was effective in decreasing body weight, abdominal circumference, body mass index, and triglyceride levels in adult women with abdominal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Su Cha
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul·Division of Nursing Science, Seonam University, Namwon, Korea
| | - Hyojung Park
- College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
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Wang S, Li B, Wu Y, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, Fu Y, Kou C, Yu Y, Sun HQ, Xiang YT. Relationship of Sleep Duration with Sociodemographic Characteristics, Lifestyle, Mental Health, and Chronic Diseases in a Large Chinese Adult Population. J Clin Sleep Med 2017; 13:377-384. [PMID: 27998377 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.6484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Pattern of sleep duration and its correlates have rarely been reported in China. This study examined the sleep duration and its relationship with sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, mental health, and chronic diseases in a large Chinese adult population. METHODS This cross-sectional study used multistage stratified cluster sampling. A total of 17,320 participants from Jilin province were selected and interviewed using standardized assessment tools. Basic socio-demographic and clinical data were collected. Sleep duration was classified as short (< 7 h per day), long (> 9 h per day) and medium sleep (7-9 h per day). RESULTS The mean age of the sample was 42.60 ± 10.60 y, with 51.4% being female. The mean sleep duration was 7.31 ± 1.44 h. Short and long sleepers accounted for 30.9% and 6.9% of the sample, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that older age, current smoking, irregular meal pattern, lack of physical exercise, poor mental health, and chronic diseases or multimorbidity were positively associated with short sleep. Being married and living in rural areas were, however, negatively associated with short sleep. In addition, living in rural area, current smoking, current alcohol use and lack of physical exercise were positively associated with long sleep, while older age and lower education were negatively associated with long sleep. CONCLUSION Given the high frequency of short sleep and its negative effect on health, health professionals should pay more attention to sleep patterns in general health care. Nationwide epidemiologic surveys in China are needed to further explore the relationship between sleep duration and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhua Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- University of Notre Dame Australia / Marian Centre, Perth, Australia.,School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yingli Fu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Changgui Kou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yaqin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong-Qiang Sun
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health and Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
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Abstract
Biological needs for sleep are met by engaging in behaviors that are largely influenced by the environment, social norms and demands, and societal influences and pressures. Insufficient sleep duration and sleep disorders such as insomnia and sleep apnea are highly prevalent in the US population. This article outlines some of these downstream factors, including cardiovascular and metabolic disease risk, neurocognitive dysfunction, and mortality, as well as societal factors such as age, sex, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomics. This review also discusses societal factors related to sleep, such as globalization, health disparities, public policy, public safety, and changing patterns of use of technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Grandner
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, 1501 North Campbell Avenue, PO Box 245002, BUMC Suite 7326, Tucson, AZ 85724-5002, USA.
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Jayawardana NWIA, Jayalath WATA, Madhujith WMT, Ralapanawa U, Jayasekera RS, Alagiyawanna SASB, Bandara AMKR, Kalupahana NS. Lifestyle factors associated with obesity in a cohort of males in the central province of Sri Lanka: a cross-sectional descriptive study. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:27. [PMID: 28056898 PMCID: PMC5217224 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3963-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has become a global epidemic. The prevalence of obesity has also increased in the South Asian region in the last decade. However, dietary and lifestyle factors associated with obesity in Sri Lankan adults are unclear. The objective of the current study was to investigate the association of dietary and lifestyle patterns with overweight and obesity in a cohort of males from the Central Province of Sri Lanka. METHODS A total of 2469 males aged between 16 and 72 years ([Formula: see text]) were included in the study. The sample comprised individuals who presented for a routine medical examination at the National Transport Medical Institute, Kandy, Sri Lanka. The Body Mass Index (BMI) cutoff values for Asians were used to categorize the participants into four groups as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese. The data on dietary and lifestyle patterns such as level of physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, sleeping hours and other socio demographic data were obtained using validated self-administered questionnaires. Multinomial logistic regression model was fitted to assess the associations of individual lifestyle patterns with overweight and obesity. RESULTS The mean BMI of the study group was 22.7 kg m-2 and prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 31.8 and 12.3%, respectively. Mean waist circumference of the participants was 78.6 cm with 17.1% of them being centrally obese. After adjusting for potential confounders, weight status was associated with older age (P < 0.0001), ethnicity (P = 0.0033) and higher income (P = 0.0006). While higher physical activity showed a trend for being associated with lower odds of being obese (odds ratio: 0.898 - confidence interval: 0.744-1.084), alcohol intake, consumption of fruits, level of education, sleeping hours, smoking, consumption of fish, meat, dairy, sweets or fried snacks were not significantly associated with the weight status. CONCLUSION The high prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in working-age males is a threatening sign for Sri Lanka. Since the prevalence rate is higher in certain ethnic groups and higher-income groups, targeted interventions for these groups may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- N W I A Jayawardana
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
| | - W A T A Jayalath
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - W M T Madhujith
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - U Ralapanawa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | | | - S A S B Alagiyawanna
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - A M K R Bandara
- Department of Agricultural Systems, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
| | - N S Kalupahana
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
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Wong JYH, Chan MMK, Lok KYW, Ngai VFW, Pang MTH, Chan CKY, Yau JHY, Choi EPH, Fong SSM. Chinese women health ambassadors programme: A process evaluation. J Clin Nurs 2016; 26:2976-2985. [PMID: 27862523 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess a community-women health ambassadors programme and report the areas that were successful and those that required improvement. The objectives were to assess the feasibility, effectiveness, implementation and sustainability of the programme. BACKGROUND Health promotion for the prevention of chronic diseases has always been the top priority in the health sector. To ensure that the relevant health messages are well received in local communities, a health promotion programme must be accessible, acceptable and culturally relevant. DESIGN We conducted and evaluated a women health ambassador programme based on the lay health advisor model for health promotion in Hong Kong during November 2014 to February 2015. Health needs and the subsequent focus of the programme were determined by underprivileged Chinese women. METHODS University health educators from different disciplines trained the women (N = 80) to be health ambassadors through mini-lectures and training workshops. The trained women raised awareness about the importance of health within their families and social networks. The programme was evaluated through attendance rates, questionnaires and quizzes, changes in knowledge and behaviour, as well as qualitative discussion. RESULTS While the majority of participants found the programme valuable and useful, retention rates were unideal. A statistically significant improvement was found in eating habits, but no significant change was identified for other knowledge and behaviour assessments. CONCLUSIONS The programme empowered underprivileged women to reflect on the importance of health, take responsibility for their own health and actively promote health to their families and personal communities. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Our study supports that health promotion programmes based on the lay health advisor model are effective and encourage large-scale programmes of this nature. Our results also support that future health promotion efforts should deliver brief, clear and simple content as opposed to intricate information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Yuen Ha Wong
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Maggie Mee Kie Chan
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kris Yuet Wan Lok
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vivian Fei Wan Ngai
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michelle Tsz Ha Pang
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Claudia Kor Yee Chan
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jessie Ho Yin Yau
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Edmond Pui Hang Choi
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shirley Siu Ming Fong
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Abstract
Collectively, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies on self-reported sleep duration and obesity do not show a clear pattern of association with some showing a negative linear relationship, some showing a U-shaped relationship, and some showing no relationship. Associations between sleep duration and obesity seem stronger in younger adults. Cross-sectional studies using objectively measured sleep duration (actigraphy or polysomnography (PSG)) also show this mixed pattern whereas all longitudinal studies to date using actigraphy or PSG have failed to show a relationship with obesity/weight gain. It is still too early and a too easy solution to suggest that changing the sleep duration will cure the obesity epidemic. Given novel results on emotional stress and poor sleep as mediating factors in the relationship between sleep duration and obesity, detection and management of these should become the target of future clinical efforts as well as future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Theorell-Haglöw
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Eva Lindberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Kim BM, Lee BE, Park HS, Kim YJ, Suh YJ, Kim JY, Shin JY, Ha EH. Long working hours and overweight and obesity in working adults. Ann Occup Environ Med 2016; 28:36. [PMID: 27555918 PMCID: PMC4994388 DOI: 10.1186/s40557-016-0110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have identified a link between gender and the various risk factors associated with obesity. We examined obesity risk factors in working adults to identify the effects of differences in body mass index (BMI) and percentage body fat (PBF) between women and men. Methods A total of 1,120 adults agreed to participate in the study. Data from 711 participants, including 411 women and 300 men, were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the effects of risk factors on obesity and being overweight. In addition, the least-squares (LS) means of both BMI and PBF were estimated by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in a generalized linear model. Results Increases in BMI and PBF were significantly related to an age > 50 years and long working hours in women after compensating for confounding factors. Using the PBF criterion, the odds ratio (OR) of being overweight or obese in women > 50 years of age who worked for > 9 h a day was 3.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–11.00). For BMI, women who were > 50 years of age and worked for > 9 h a day were 3.82 times (95% CI, 1.31–11.14) more likely to be overweight or obese than those who were < 50 years of age and worked for < 9 h a day. Conclusion Obesity in working adults was associated with > 50 years of age and long working hours in women. Further studies are needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of this relationship and its potential implications for the prevention and management of excess weight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Mi Kim
- National cancer control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Bo-Eun Lee
- Environmental Health Research Division, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Sook Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Ju Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Ju Suh
- Department of Biostatistics, Inha University Hospital and Center for Advanced Medical Education by BK21 project, College of Medicine, Inha University, Shinheung-dong 3ga, Chung-gu, Incheon, Korea ; Chronic Diseases Research Division, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Youn Kim
- Worker Health Protection Division, Occupational safety and health Bureau, Ministry of labor Government Complex III, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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Lin CL, Lin CP, Chen SW, Wu HC, Tsai YH. The association between sleep duration and overweight or obesity in Taiwanese adults: A cross-sectional study. Obes Res Clin Pract 2016; 12:384-388. [PMID: 27520850 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE The effect of eating habits and sedentary lifestyle on obesity has been extensively examined and supported; however, few studies have examined the association of sleep duration with obesity in Taiwan. To redress this gap, this study investigated the association of sleep duration with overweight and obesity in community-dwelling Taiwanese adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed using the 2005-2008 Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (NAHSIT). A logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association of sleep duration with overweight and obesity. Nightly sleep duration was divided into three groups: >6 to <9h (normal), ≤6h (short), and ≥9h (long). RESULTS A total of 1548 adults aged 20-64 years were examined in this study. The adjusted ORs of obesity for short and long sleep duration relative to a normal sleep duration were 1.31 (95% CI 1.01, 1.76) and 1.64 (95% CI 1.04, 2.61), respectively. No significant association of sleep duration with overweight was observed. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that both short and long sleep duration are associated with obesity risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ling Lin
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ping Lin
- Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wen Chen
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Ching Wu
- Department of Nursing, Hsin Sheng College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsia Tsai
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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An FR, Qi YK, Zeng JY, Ding YM, Chiu HFK, Ungvari GS, Newhouse R, Yu DSF, Lai KYC, Xiang YT. The Prevalence of Insomnia, Its Demographic Correlates, and Treatment in Nurses Working in Chinese Psychiatric and General Hospitals. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2016; 52:88-94. [PMID: 25639858 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the prevalence of insomnia and its socio-demographic correlates in Chinese nurses. DESIGN AND METHODS Up to 799 nurses were examined. Demographic data, total sleep time (TST), and insomnia were collected. FINDINGS The mean expected and actual TST were 8.3 ± 1.5 and 6.1 ± 1.1 hr, respectively. The prevalence of at least one type of reported sleep disturbance was 69.7%; the rates of difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, and early morning awakening were 54.6%, 54.7%, and 55.9%, respectively. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS There is a large discrepancy of actual and expected sleep duration, and insomnia is common among nurses in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Rong An
- Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Ke Qi
- Shenzhen Mental Health Centre, Shenzhen Key Lab for Psychological Healthcare, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiao-Ying Zeng
- Shenzhen Mental Health Centre, Shenzhen Key Lab for Psychological Healthcare, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan-Ming Ding
- First Hospital of Peking University, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Helen F K Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- University of Notre Dame Australia/Marian Centre, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robin Newhouse
- University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Doris S F Yu
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelly Y C Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically over the past decade. Although an imbalance between caloric intake and physical activity is considered a key factor responsible for the increase, there is emerging evidence suggesting that other factors may be important contributors to weight gain, including inadequate sleep. Overall research evidence suggests that inadequate sleep is associated with obesity. Importantly, the strength and trajectory of the association seem to be influenced by multiple factors including age. Although limited, the emerging evidence suggests young adults might be at the center of a "perfect health storm," exposing them to the highest risk for obesity and inadequate sleep. Unfortunately, the methods necessary for elucidating the complex relationship between sleep and obesity are lacking. Uncovering the underlying factors and trajectories between inadequate sleep and weight gain in different populations may help to identify the windows of susceptibility and to design targeted interventions to prevent the negative impact of obesity and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla A Vargas
- New College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Arizona State University, 4701 W Thunderbird Rd, MC 3051, Glendale, AZ, 85306, USA.
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Grandner MA, Williams NJ, Knutson KL, Roberts D, Jean-Louis G. Sleep disparity, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic position. Sleep Med 2016; 18:7-18. [PMID: 26431755 PMCID: PMC4631795 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sleep represents a set of biological functions necessary for the maintenance of life. Performing these functions, though, requires that an individual engage in behaviors, which are affected by social and environmental factors. Race/ethnicity and socioeconomic position represent categories of factors that likely play a role in the experience of sleep in the community. Previous studies have suggested that racial/ethnic minorities and the socioeconomically disadvantaged may be more likely to experience sleep patterns that are associated with adverse health outcomes. It is possible that disparities in sleep represent a pathway by which larger disparities in health emerge. This review (1) contextualizes the concept of race/ethnicity in biomedical research, (2) summarizes previous studies that describe patterns of sleep attainment across race/ethnicity groups, (3) discusses several pathways by which race/ethnicity may be associated with sleep, (4) introduces the potential role of socioeconomic position in the patterning of sleep, and (5) proposes future research directions to address this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Grandner
- Behavioral Sleep Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Natasha J Williams
- Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Division of Health and Behavior, Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Dorothy Roberts
- University of Pennsylvania Law School, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Africana Studies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Girardin Jean-Louis
- Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Division of Health and Behavior, Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Yoon CG, Kang MY, Bae KJ, Yoon JH. Do Working Hours and Type of Work Affect Obesity in South Korean Female Workers? Analysis of the Korean Community Health Survey. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2016; 25:173-80. [DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2014.5161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Gyo Yoon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Armed Forces Medical Command, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Mo-Yeol Kang
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Ulsan, South Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu-Jung Bae
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Armed Forces Medical Command, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Grandner MA, Schopfer EA, Sands-Lincoln M, Jackson N, Malhotra A. Relationship between sleep duration and body mass index depends on age. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2015; 23:2491-8. [PMID: 26727118 PMCID: PMC4700549 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep duration is associated with obesity and cardiometabolic disease. It is unclear, though, how these relationship differs across age groups. METHODS Data from 2007 to 2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used, including respondents aged 16+ with complete data (N = 5,607). Sleep duration and age were evaluated by self-report, and body mass index (BMI) was assessed objectively. Sleep duration was evaluated continuously and categorically [very short (≤4 h), short (5-6 h), and long (≥9 h) versus average (7-8 h)]. Age was also evaluated continuously and categorically [adolescent (16-17 years), young adult (18-29 years), early middle age (30-49 years), late middle age (50-64 years), and older adult (≥65 years)]. RESULTS There was a significant interaction with age for both continuous (Pinteraction = 0.014) and categorical (Pinteraction = 0.035) sleep duration. A pseudo-linear relationship was seen among the youngest respondents, with the highest BMI associated with the shortest sleepers and the lowest BMI associated with the longest sleepers. This relationship became U-shaped in middle-age, and less of a relationship was seen among the oldest respondents. CONCLUSIONS These findings may provide insights for clinical recommendations and could help to guide mechanistic research regarding the sleep-obesity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Grandner
- Behavioral Sleep Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Michael A. Grandner PhD, Behavioral Sleep Medicine Program, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 670, Philadelphia, PA 19104, Phone: 215-615-1756, Fax: 215-701-1831,
| | - Elizabeth A. Schopfer
- Behavioral Sleep Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Nicholas Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Atul Malhotra
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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McGlynn N, Kirsh VA, Cotterchio M, Harris MA, Nadalin V, Kreiger N. Shift Work and Obesity among Canadian Women: A Cross-Sectional Study Using a Novel Exposure Assessment Tool. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137561. [PMID: 26376050 PMCID: PMC4573513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives It has been suggested that the association between shift work and chronic disease is mediated by an increase in obesity. However, investigations of the relationship between shift work and obesity reveal mixed findings. Using a recently developed exposure assessment tool, this study examined the association between shift work and obesity among Canadian women from two studies: a cohort of university alumni, and a population-based study. Methods Self-administered questionnaire data were used from healthy, currently employed females in a population-based study, the Ontario Women’s Diet and Health case-control study (n = 1611 controls), and from a subset of a of university alumni from the Canadian Study of Diet, Lifestyle, and Health (n = 1097) cohort study. Overweight was defined as BMI≥25 to <30, and obesity as BMI≥30. Reported occupation was converted to occupational codes and linked to a probability of shift work value derived from Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics data. Regular evenings, nights, or rotating work comprised shift work. Polytomous logistic regression estimated the association between probability of shift work, categorized as near nil, low, medium, and high probability of shift work, on overweight and obesity, controlling for detected confounders. Results In the population-based sample, high probability of shift work was associated with obesity (reference = near nil probability of shift work, OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.01–3.51, p = 0.047). In the alumni cohort, no significant association was detected between shift work and overweight or obesity. Conclusions As these analyses found a positive association between high probability of shift work exposure and obesity in a population-based sample, but not in an alumni cohort, it is suggested that the relationship between shift work and obesity is complex, and may be particularly susceptible to occupational and education-related factors within a given population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie McGlynn
- Surveillance and Epidemiology Unit, Performance and Standards, Toronto Public Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Victoria A. Kirsh
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle Cotterchio
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M. Anne Harris
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victoria Nadalin
- Prevention and Cancer Control, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nancy Kreiger
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Sperry SD, Scully ID, Gramzow RH, Jorgensen RS. Sleep Duration and Waist Circumference in Adults: A Meta-Analysis. Sleep 2015; 38:1269-76. [PMID: 25581918 PMCID: PMC4507732 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.4906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has demonstrated a relation between insufficient sleep and overall obesity. Waist circumference (WC), a measure of central adiposity, has been demonstrated to improve prediction of health risk. However, recent research on the relation of insufficient sleep duration to WC in adults has yielded inconsistent findings. OBJECTIVES To assess the magnitude and the consistency of the relation of insufficient sleep and WC. METHODS A systematic search of Internet and research databases using Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed, and PsycINFO through July 2013 was conducted. All articles in English with adult human subjects that included measurements of WC and sleep duration were reviewed. A random effects meta-analysis and regression analyses were performed. Heterogeneity and publication bias were checked. Results are expressed as Pearson correlations (r; 95% confidence interval). RESULTS Of 1,376 articles, 30 met inclusion criteria and 21 studies (22 samples for a total of 56,259 participants) provided sufficient data for meta-analysis. Results showed a significant negative relation between sleep duration and WC (r = -0.10, P < 0.0001) with significant heterogeneity related to sleep comparison method. Potential moderators of the relation between sleep duration and WC were not significant. Funnel plots showed no indication of publication bias. In addition, a fail-safe N calculation indicated that 418 studies with null effects would be necessary to bring the overall mean effect size to a trivial value of r = -0.005. CONCLUSIONS Internationally, cross-sectional studies demonstrate a significant negative relation between sleep duration and waist circumference, indicating shorter sleep durations covary with central adiposity. Future research should include prospective studies.
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