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Olesk J, Donahue D, Ross J, Sheehan C, Bennett Z, Armknecht K, Kudary C, Hopf J, Ploplis VA, Castellino FJ, Lee SW, Nallathamby PD. Antimicrobial peptide-conjugated phage-mimicking nanoparticles exhibit potent bactericidal action against Streptococcus pyogenes in murine wound infection models. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:1145-1162. [PMID: 38356633 PMCID: PMC10863710 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00620d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes is a causative agent for strep throat, impetigo, and more invasive diseases. The main reason for the treatment failure of streptococcal infections is increased antibiotic resistance. In recent years, infectious diseases caused by pyogenic streptococci resistant to multiple antibiotics have been rising with a significant impact on public health and the veterinary industry. The development of antibiotic resistance and the resulting emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria have become primary threats to the public health system, commonly leading to nosocomial infections. Many researchers have turned their focus to developing alternative classes of antibacterial agent based on various nanomaterials. We have developed an antibiotic-free nanoparticle system inspired by naturally occurring bacteriophages to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Our phage-mimicking nanoparticles (PhaNPs) display structural mimicry of protein-turret distribution on the head structure of bacteriophages. By mimicking phages, we can take advantage of their evolutionary constant shape and high antibacterial activity while avoiding the immune reactions of the human body experienced by biologically derived phages. We describe the synthesis of hierarchically arranged core-shell nanoparticles, with a silica core conjugated with silver-coated gold nanospheres to which we have chemisorbed the synthetic antimicrobial peptide Syn-71 on the PhaNPs surface, and increased the rapidity of the antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles (PhaNP@Syn71). The antibacterial effect of the PhaNP@Syn71 was tested in vitro and in vivo in mouse wound infection models. In vitro, results showed a dose-dependent complete inhibition of bacterial growth (>99.99%). Cytocompatibility testing on HaCaT human skin keratinocytes showed minimal cytotoxicity of PhaNP@Syn71, being comparable to the vehicle cytotoxicity levels even at higher concentrations, thus proving that our design is biocompatible with human cells. There was a minimum cutoff dosage above which there was no evolution of resistance after prolonged exposure to sub-MIC dosages of PhaNP@Syn71. Application of PhaNP@Syn71 to a mouse wound infection model exhibited high biocompatibility in vivo while showing immediate stabilization of the wound size, and infection free wound healing. Our results suggest the robust utility of antimicrobial peptide-conjugated phage-mimicking nanoparticles as a highly effective antibacterial system that can combat bacterial infections consistently while avoiding the emergence of resistant bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Olesk
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA +1 574 631 7868
| | - Deborah Donahue
- W. M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA
| | - Jessica Ross
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA
| | - Conor Sheehan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA
| | - Zach Bennett
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA +1 574 631 7868
| | - Kevin Armknecht
- Department of Pre-Professional Studies, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA
| | - Carlie Kudary
- Berthiaume Institute for Precision Health, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA
| | - Juliane Hopf
- Berthiaume Institute for Precision Health, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA
| | - Victoria A Ploplis
- W. M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA
| | - Francis J Castellino
- W. M. Keck Center for Transgene Research, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA
| | - Shaun W Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA
| | - Prakash D Nallathamby
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA +1 574 631 7868
- Berthiaume Institute for Precision Health, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA
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Aventaggiato M, Valentini F, Caissutti D, Relucenti M, Tafani M, Misasi R, Zicari A, Di Martino S, Virtuoso S, Neri A, Mardente S. Biological Effects of Small Sized Graphene Oxide Nanosheets on Human Leukocytes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:256. [PMID: 38397858 PMCID: PMC10887315 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of graphene, there has been a wide range of the literature dealing with its versatile structure and easy binding of biomolecules as well as its large loading capacity. In the emerging field of immunotherapy, graphene and its derivatives have potential uses as drug delivery platforms directly into tumour sites or as adjuvants in cancer vaccines, as they are internalized by monocytes which in turn may activate adaptive anti-tumoral immune responses. In this study, we expose cells of the innate immune system and a human acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) to low doses of small-sized GO nanosheets functionalized with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), to study their acute response after internalization. We show by flow cytometry, uptake in cells of GO-BSA-FITC reaches 80% and cell viability and ROS production are both unaffected by exposure to nanoparticles. On the contrary, GO-BSA nanosheets seem to have an inhibitory effect on ROS production, probably due to their antioxidant properties. We also provided results on chemotaxis of macrophages derived from peripheral blood monocytes treated with GO-BSA. In conclusion, we showed the size of nanosheets, the concentration used and the degree of functionalization were important factors for biocompatibility of GO in immune cells. Its low cytotoxicity and high adaptability to the cells of the innate immune system make it a good candidate for deployment in immunotherapy, in particular for delivering protein antigens to monocytes which activate adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Aventaggiato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (D.C.); (M.T.); (R.M.); (A.Z.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Federica Valentini
- Department of Sciences and Chemical Technologies, Tor Vergata University, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Daniela Caissutti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (D.C.); (M.T.); (R.M.); (A.Z.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Michela Relucenti
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Alfonso Borelli 50, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marco Tafani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (D.C.); (M.T.); (R.M.); (A.Z.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Roberta Misasi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (D.C.); (M.T.); (R.M.); (A.Z.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Alessandra Zicari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (D.C.); (M.T.); (R.M.); (A.Z.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Sara Di Martino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (D.C.); (M.T.); (R.M.); (A.Z.); (S.D.M.)
| | - Sara Virtuoso
- Higher Institute of Health (ISS), Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Anna Neri
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Viale Montpellier, 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Stefania Mardente
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale Regina Elena, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.A.); (D.C.); (M.T.); (R.M.); (A.Z.); (S.D.M.)
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Alim E, Stone L, Sharma N, McMahon S, Allen Z, Aceto P, Victor P, Mitchell LF, Raulerson A, Schepke C, Grabowski J, Valera R, Kalia K, Fernandez M, Kouba K, Shannon M, Johnson V, Forestal C, Pongo I, Ospina S, Fontanez N, Rosenberg M, Levin M, Martinez D, Betancourt YP, Rhodes LV, Lee KJ. Single Live Cell Imaging of Multidrug Resistance Using Silver Ultrasmall Nanoparticles as Biosensing Probes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4672-4681. [PMID: 37844294 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Silver ultrasmall nanoparticles (Ag UNPs) (size < 5 nm) were used as biosensing probes to analyze the efflux kinetics contributing to multidrug resistance (MDR) in single live triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells by using dark-field optical microscopy to follow their size-dependent localized surface plasmon resonance. TNBC cells lack expression of estrogen (ER-), progesterone (PR-), and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2-) receptors and are more likely to acquire resistance to anticancer drugs due to their ability to transport harmful substances outside the cell. The TNBC cells displayed greater nuclear and cytoplasmic efflux, resulting in less toxicity of Ag UNPs in a concentration-independent manner. In contrast, more Ag UNPs and an increase in cytotoxic effects were observed in the receptor-positive breast cancer cells that have receptors for ER+, PR+, and HER2+ and are known to better respond to anticancer therapies. Ag UNPs accumulated in receptor-positive breast cancer cells in a time-and concentration-dependent mode and caused decreased cellular growth, whereas the TNBC cells due to the efflux were able to continue to grow. The TNBC cells demonstrated a marked increase in survival due to their ability to have MDR determined by efflux of Ag UNPs outside the nucleus and the cytoplasm of the cells. Further evaluation of the nuclear efflux kinetics of TNBC cells with Ag UNPs as biosensing probes is critical to gain a better understanding of MDR and potential for enhancement of cancer drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Alim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Logan Stone
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Naina Sharma
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
| | - Shane McMahon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Zachary Allen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Peter Aceto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Paige Victor
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Luisa F Mitchell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Arial Raulerson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Connor Schepke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Jamie Grabowski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Rebecca Valera
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Karishma Kalia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Mirtha Fernandez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Kalli Kouba
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Matthew Shannon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Victoria Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Christopher Forestal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Immanuelle Pongo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Sebastian Ospina
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Neysha Fontanez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Madison Rosenberg
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Madison Levin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Danna Martinez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Yanel Pena Betancourt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Lyndsay V Rhodes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
| | - Kerry J Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, United States
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32827, United States
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4
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Johnson M, Songkiatisak P, Cherukuri PK, Xu XHN. Toxic Effects of Silver Ions on Early Developing Zebrafish Embryos Distinguished from Silver Nanoparticles. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:40446-40455. [PMID: 36385874 PMCID: PMC9648105 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Currently, effects of nanomaterials and their ions, such as silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) and silver ions (Ag+), on living organisms are not yet fully understood. One of the vital questions is whether nanomaterials have distinctive effects on living organisms from any other conventional chemicals (e.g., their ions), owing to their unique physicochemical properties. Due to various experimental protocols, studies of this crucial question have been inconclusive, which hinders rational design of effective regulatory guidelines for safely handling NPs. In this study, we chronically exposed early developing zebrafish embryos (cleavage-stage, 2 hours post-fertilization, hpf) to a dilution series of Ag+ (0-1.2 μM) in egg water (1 mM NaCl, solubility of Ag+ = 0.18 μM) until 120 hpf. We systematically investigated effects of Ag+ on developing embryos and compared them with our previous studies of effects of purified Ag NPs on developing embryos. We found the concentration- and time-dependent effects of Ag+ on embryonic development, and only half of the embryos developed normally after being exposed to 0.25 μM (27 μg/L) Ag+ until 120 hpf. As the Ag+ concentration increases, the number of embryos that developed normally decreases, while the number of embryos that became dead increases. The number of abnormally developing embryos increases as the Ag+ concentration increases from 0 to 0.3 μM and then decreases as the concentration increases from 0.3 to 1.2 μM because the number of embryos that became dead increases. The concentration-dependent phenotypes were observed, showing fin fold abnormality, tail and spinal cord flexure, and yolk sac edema at low Ag+ concentrations (≤0.2 μM) and head and eye abnormalities along with fin fold abnormality, tail and spinal cord flexure, and yolk sac edema at high concentrations (≥0.3 μM). Severities of phenotypes and the number of abnormally developing embryos were far less than those observed in Ag NPs. The results also show concentration-dependent effects on heart rates and hatching rates of developing embryos, attributing to the dose-dependent abnormally developing embryos. In summary, the results show that Ag+ and Ag NPs have distinctive toxic effects on early developing embryos, and toxic effects of Ag+ are far less severe than those of Ag NPs, which further demonstrates that the toxicity of Ag NPs toward embryonic development is attributed to the NPs themselves and their unique physicochemical properties but not the release of Ag+ from the Ag NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha
S. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry & Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
(Biomedical Engineering), Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Preeyaporn Songkiatisak
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry & Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
(Biomedical Engineering), Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Pavan Kumar Cherukuri
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry & Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
(Biomedical Engineering), Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Xiao-Hong Nancy Xu
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry & Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
(Biomedical Engineering), Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
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Waters M, Hopf J, Tam E, Wallace S, Chang J, Bennett Z, Aquino H, Roeder RK, Helquist P, Stack MS, Nallathamby PD. Biocompatible, Multi-Mode, Fluorescent, T2 MRI Contrast Magnetoelectric-Silica Nanoparticles (MagSiNs), for On-Demand Doxorubicin Delivery to Metastatic Cancer Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1216. [PMID: 36297329 PMCID: PMC9607636 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to improve current cancer treatment regimens to reduce systemic toxicity, to positively impact the quality-of-life post-treatment. We hypothesized the negation of off-target toxicity of anthracyclines (e.g., Doxorubicin) by delivering Doxorubicin on magneto-electric silica nanoparticles (Dox-MagSiNs) to cancer cells. Dox-MagSiNs were completely biocompatible with all cell types and are therapeutically inert till the release of Doxorubicin from the MagSiNs at the cancer cells location. The MagSiNs themselves are comprised of biocompatible components with a magnetostrictive cobalt ferrite core (4−6 nm) surrounded by a piezoelectric fused silica shell of 1.5 nm to 2 nm thickness. The MagSiNs possess T2-MRI contrast properties on par with RESOVIST™ due to their cobalt ferrite core. Additionally, the silica shell surrounding the core was volume loaded with green or red fluorophores to fluorescently track the MagSiNs in vitro. This makes the MagSiNs a suitable candidate for trackable, drug nanocarriers. We used metastatic triple-negative breast cancer cells (MDAMB231), ovarian cancer cells (A2780), and prostate cancer cells (PC3) as our model cancer cell lines. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used as control cell lines to represent blood-vessel cells that suffer from the systemic toxicity of Doxorubicin. In the presence of an external magnetic field that is 300× times lower than an MRI field, we successfully nanoporated the cancer cells, then triggered the release of 500 nM of doxorubicin from Dox-MagSiNs to successfully kill >50% PC3, >50% A2780 cells, and killed 125% more MDAMB231 cells than free Dox.HCl. In control HUVECs, the Dox-MagSiNs did not nanoporate into the HUVECS and did not exhibited any cytotoxicity at all when there was no triggered release of Dox.HCl. Currently, the major advantages of our approach are, (i) the MagSiNs are biocompatible in vitro and in vivo; (ii) the label-free nanoporation of Dox-MagSiNs into cancer cells and not the model blood vessel cell line; (iii) the complete cancellation of the cytotoxicity of Doxorubicin in the Dox-MagSiNs form; (iv) the clinical impact of such a nanocarrier will be that it will be possible to increase the current upper limit for cumulative-dosages of anthracyclines through multiple dosing, which in turn will improve the anti-cancer efficacy of anthracyclines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margo Waters
- Department of Pre-Professional Studies, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- The Berthiaume Institute for Precision Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Juliane Hopf
- The Berthiaume Institute for Precision Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Emma Tam
- The Berthiaume Institute for Precision Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Department of Art, Art History & Design, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Stephanie Wallace
- The Berthiaume Institute for Precision Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Pre-Professional Studies, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Jordan Chang
- Department of Pre-Professional Studies, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- The Berthiaume Institute for Precision Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Zach Bennett
- The Berthiaume Institute for Precision Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Hadrian Aquino
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Ryan K. Roeder
- Bioengineering Graduate Program in the Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Paul Helquist
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - M. Sharon Stack
- The Berthiaume Institute for Precision Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Prakash D. Nallathamby
- The Berthiaume Institute for Precision Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Bioengineering Graduate Program in the Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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Hashemzadeh H, Kelkawi AHA, Allahverdi A, Rothbauer M, Ertl P, Naderi-Manesh H. Fingerprinting Metabolic Activity and Tissue Integrity of 3D Lung Cancer Spheroids under Gold Nanowire Treatment. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030478. [PMID: 35159286 PMCID: PMC8834455 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inadequacy of most animal models for drug efficacy assessments has led to the development of improved in vitro models capable of mimicking in vivo exposure scenarios. Among others, 3D multicellular spheroid technology is considered to be one of the promising alternatives in the pharmaceutical drug discovery process. In addition to its physiological relevance, this method fulfills high-throughput and low-cost requirements for preclinical cell-based assays. Despite the increasing applications of spheroid technology in pharmaceutical screening, its application, in nanotoxicity testing is still in its infancy due to the limited penetration and uptake rates into 3D-cell assemblies. To gain a better understanding of gold nanowires (AuNWs) interactions with 3D spheroids, a comparative study of 2D monolayer cultures and 3D multicellular spheroids was conducted using two lung cancer cell lines (A549 and PC9). Cell apoptosis (live/dead assay), metabolic activity, and spheroid integrity were evaluated following exposure to AuNWs at different dose-time manners. Results revealed a distinct different cellular response between 2D and 3D cell cultures during AuNWs treatment including metabolic rates, cell viability, dose–response curves and, uptake rates. Our data also highlighted further need for more physiologically relevant tissue models to investigate in depth nanomaterial–biology interactions. It is important to note that higher concentrations of AuNWs with lower exposure times and lower concentrations of AuNWs with higher exposure times of 3 days resulted in the loss of spheroid integrity by disrupting cell–cell contacts. These findings could help to increase the understanding of AuNWs-induced toxicity on tissue levels and also contribute to the establishment of new analytical approaches for toxicological and drug screening studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Hashemzadeh
- Nanobiotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-111, Iran; (H.H.); (A.H.A.K.)
| | - Ali Hamad Abd Kelkawi
- Nanobiotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-111, Iran; (H.H.); (A.H.A.K.)
| | - Abdollah Allahverdi
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Biosciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-111, Iran;
| | - Mario Rothbauer
- Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology (TUW), Getreidemarkt 9/163-164, 1060 Vienna, Austria;
- Orthopedic Microsystems Group, Karl Chiari Lab for Orthopedic Biology, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Ertl
- Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology (TUW), Getreidemarkt 9/163-164, 1060 Vienna, Austria;
- Correspondence: (P.E.); (H.N.-M.)
| | - Hossein Naderi-Manesh
- Nanobiotechnology Department, Faculty of Biosciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-111, Iran; (H.H.); (A.H.A.K.)
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Biosciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-111, Iran;
- Correspondence: (P.E.); (H.N.-M.)
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Ghose R, Asaduzzaman AKM, Hasan I, Kabir SR. Hypnea musciformis-mediated Ag/AgCl-NPs inhibit pathogenic bacteria, HCT-116 and MCF-7 cells' growth in vitro and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in vivo in mice. IET Nanobiotechnol 2022; 16:49-60. [PMID: 35015917 PMCID: PMC8918923 DOI: 10.1049/nbt2.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, Ag/AgCl‐NPs were biosynthesised using Hypnea musciformis seaweed extract; NPs synthesis was confirmed by a change of colour and observation of a razor‐sharp peak at 424 nm by UV–visible spectroscopy. Synthesised nanoparticles were characterised by transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Bacterial cell growth inhibition proves that the Ag/AgCl‐NPs have strong antibacterial activity and cell morphological alteration was observed in treated bacterial cells using propidium iodide (PI). Ag/AgCl‐NPs inhibited Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells, colorectal cancer (HCT‐116) and breast cancer (MCF‐7) cell line in vitro with the IC50 values of 40.45, 24.08 and 36.95 μg/ml, respectively. Initiation of apoptosis in HCT‐116 and MCF‐7 cells was confirmed using PI, FITC‐annexin V and Hoechst 33342 dye. No reaction oxygen species generation was observed in both treated and untreated cell lines. A significant increase of ATG‐5 gene expression indicates the possibility of autophagy cell death besides apoptosis in MCF‐7 cells. The initiation of apoptosis in EAC cells was confirmed by observing caspase‐3 protein expression. Ag/AgCl‐NPs inhibited 22.83% and 51% of the EAC cell growth in vivo in mice when administered 1.5 and 3.0 mg/kg/day (i.p.), respectively, for 5 consequent days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Ghose
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - A K M Asaduzzaman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Imtiaj Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Syed Rashel Kabir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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8
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Novikov MA, Titov EA, Sosedova LM, Rukavishnikov VS, Vokina VA, Lakhman OL. Comparative Assessment of Silver Nanocomposites' Biological Effects on the Natural and Synthetic Matrix. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413257. [PMID: 34948053 PMCID: PMC8706262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our investigation was to make a comparative assessment of the biological effects of silver nanoparticles encapsulated in a natural and synthetic polymer matrix. We carried out a comparative assessment of the biological effect of silver nanocomposites on natural (arabinogalactan) and synthetic (poly-1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole) matrices. We used 144 three-month-old white outbred male rats, which were divided into six groups. Substances were administered orally for 9 days at a dose 500 μg/kg. Twelve rats from each group were withdrawn from the experiment immediately after nine days of exposure (early period), and the remaining 12 rats were withdrawn from the experiment 6 months after the end of the nine-day exposure (long-term period). We investigated the parietal–temporal area of the cerebral cortex using histological (morphological assessments of nervous tissue), electron microscopic (calculation of mitochondrial areas and assessment of the quality of the cell nucleus), and immunohistochemical methods (study of the expression of proteins regulating apoptosis bcl-2 and caspase 3). We found that the effect of the nanocomposite on the arabinogalactan matrix causes a disturbance in the nervous tissue structure, an increase in the area of mitochondria, a disturbance of the structure of nerve cells, and activation of the process of apoptosis.
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Green Biosynthesis, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anticancer Activities of Silver Nanoparticles of Luffa acutangula Leaf Extract. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5125681. [PMID: 34631882 PMCID: PMC8494549 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5125681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Studies on green biosynthesis of newly engineered nanoparticles for their prominent medicinal applications are being the torch-bearing concerns of the state-of-the-art research strategies. In this concern, we have engineered the biosynthesized Luffa acutangula silver nanoparticles of flavonoid O-glycosides in the anisotropic form isolated from aqueous leave extracts of Luffa acutangula, a popular traditional and ayurvedic plant in south-east Asian countries. These were structurally confirmed by Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy accessed with attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectral analyses followed by the scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) crystallographic studies and found them with the face-centered cubic (fcc) structure. Medicinally, we have explored their significant antioxidant (DPPH and ABTS assays), antibacterial (disc diffusion assay on E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. fecilis, and S. boydii), and anticancer (MTT assay on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, U87, and DBTRG cell lines) potentialities which augmented the present investigation. The molecular docking analysis of title compounds against 3NM8 (DPPH) and 1DNU (ABTS) proteins for antioxidant activity; 5FGK (Gram-Positive Bacteria) and 1AB4 (Gram-Negative Bacteria) proteins for antibacterial activity; and 4GBD (MCF-7), 5FI2 (MDA-MB-231), 1D5R (U87), and 5TIJ (DBTRG) proteins for anticancer activity has affirmed the promising ligand-protein binding interactions among the hydroxy groups of the title compounds and aspartic acid of the concerned enzymatic proteins. The binding energy varying from -9.1645 to -7.7955 for Cosmosioside (1, Apigenin-7-glucoside) and from -9.2690 to -7.8306 for Cynaroside (2, Luteolin-7-glucoside) implies the isolated compounds as potential bioactive compounds. In addition, the performed studies like QSAR, ADMET, bioactivity properties, drug scores, and toxicity risks confirmed them as potential drug candidates and aspartic acid receptor antagonists. This research auxiliary augmented the existing array of phytological nanomedicines with new drug candidates that are credible with multiple bioactivities.
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Ehsani A, Jodaei A, Barzegar-Jalali M, Fathi E, Farahzadi R, Adibkia K. Nanomaterials and Stem Cell Differentiation Potential: An Overview of Biological Aspects and Biomedical Efficacy. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1804-1823. [PMID: 34254903 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210712193113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) due to their medical applications are widely used. Accordingly, the use of mesenchymal stem cells is one of the most important alternatives in tissue engineering field. NPs play effective roles in stem cells proliferation and differentiation. The combination of NPs and tissue regeneration by stem cells has created new therapeutic approach towards humanity. Of note, the physicochemical properties of NPs determine their biological function. Interestingly, various mechanisms such as modulation of signaling pathways and generation of reactive oxygen species, are involved in NPs-induced cellular proliferation and differentiation. This review summarized the types of nanomaterials effective on stem cell differentiation, the physicochemical features, biomedical application of these materials and relationship between nanomaterials and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ehsani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asma Jodaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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11
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Huy TQ, Huyen PT, Le AT, Tonezzer M. Recent Advances of Silver Nanoparticles in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:1276-1287. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190710121727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are well-known as a promising antimicrobial material;
they have been widely used in many commercial products against pathogenic agents. Despite a growing concern
regarding the cytotoxicity, AgNPs still have attracted considerable interest worldwide to develop a new generation
of diagnostic tool and effective treatment solution for cancer cells.
Objective:
This paper aims to review the advances of AgNPs applied for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Methods:
The database has been collected, screened and analysed through up-to-date scientific articles published
from 2007 to May 2019 in peer-reviewed international journals.
Results:
The findings of the database have been analysed and divided into three parts of the text that deal with
AgNPs in cancer diagnosis, their cytotoxicity, and the role as carrier systems for cancer treatment. Thanks to
their optical properties, high conductivity and small size, AgNPs have been demonstrated to play an essential
role in enhancing signals and sensitivity in various biosensing platforms. Furthermore, AgNPs also can be used
directly or developed as a drug delivery system for cancer treatment.
Conclusion:
The review paper will help readers understand more clearly and systematically the role and advances
of AgNPs in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Q. Huy
- National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE), 1 - Yersin Street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham T.M. Huyen
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Anh-Tuan Le
- Phenikaa University Nano Institute (PHENA), Phenikaa University, Hanoi 12116, Vietnam
| | - Matteo Tonezzer
- IMEM-CNR, Sede di Trento - FBK, Via alla Cascata 56/C, Povo-Trento, Italy
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Songkiatisak P, Ding F, Cherukuri PK, Xu XHN. Size-Dependent Inhibitory Effects of Antibiotic Nanocarriers on Filamentation of E. coli. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:2135-2145. [PMID: 33791510 PMCID: PMC8009294 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00697d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug membrane transporters exist in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, which causes multidrug resistance (MDR) and urgent need of new and more effective therapeutic agencies. In this study, we used three different sized antibiotic nanocarriers to study their mode of actions and their size-dependent inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli (E. coli). The antibiotic nanocarriers (AgMUNH-Oflx NPs) with 8.6×102, 9.4×103 and 6.5×105 Oflx molecules per nanoparticle (NP) were prepared by functionalizing the Ag NPs (2.4 ± 0.7, 13.0 ± 3.1 and 92.6 ± 4.4 nm) with a monolayer of 11-amino-1-undecanethiol (MUNH2) and covalently linking ofloxacin (Oflx) with the amine group of AgMUNH2 NPs, respectively. We designed a modified cell culture medium for nanocarriers to be stable (non-aggregated) over 18 h of cell culture, which enables us to quantitatively study their size and dose dependent inhibitory effects against E. coli. We found that inhibitory effects of Oflx against E. coli highly depend upon dose of Oflx and size of nanocarriers, showing that the equal amount of Oflx delivered by the largest nanocarriers (92.6 ± 4.4 nm) were the most potent with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50) and created the longest and highest percentage of filamentous cells, while the smallest nanocarriers (2.4 ± 0.7) were the least potent with the highest MIC50 and produced the shortest and lowest percentage of filamentous cells. Interestingly, the same amount of Oflx on 2.4 ± 0.7 nm nanocarriers showed the 2x higher MIC and created the 2x shorter filamentous cells than free Oflx, while the Oflx on 13.0 ± 3.1 and 92.6 ± 4.4 nm nanocarriers exhibited 2x and 6x lower MICs, and produced 2x and 3x longer filamentous cell than free Oflx, respectively. Notably, three sized AgMUNH2 NPs (absence of Oflx) showed negligible inhibitory effects and did not create filamentous cells. The results show that the filamentation of E. coli highly depends upon the sizes of nanocarriers, which leads to the size-dependent inhibitory effects of nanocarriers against E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeyaporn Songkiatisak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginia 23529USAhttp://www.odu.edu/∼xhxu+1 (757) 683 5698+1 (757) 683 5698
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginia 23529USAhttp://www.odu.edu/∼xhxu+1 (757) 683 5698+1 (757) 683 5698
| | - Pavan Kumar Cherukuri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginia 23529USAhttp://www.odu.edu/∼xhxu+1 (757) 683 5698+1 (757) 683 5698
| | - Xiao-Hong Nancy Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginia 23529USAhttp://www.odu.edu/∼xhxu+1 (757) 683 5698+1 (757) 683 5698
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Raja G, Jang YK, Suh JS, Kim HS, Ahn SH, Kim TJ. Microcellular Environmental Regulation of Silver Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy: A Critical Review. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E664. [PMID: 32178476 PMCID: PMC7140117 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) play significant roles in various cancer cells such as functional heterogeneity, microenvironmental differences, and reversible changes in cell properties (e.g., chemotherapy). There is a lack of targets for processes involved in tumor cellular heterogeneity, such as metabolic clampdown, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity, which hinders microenvironmental biology. Proteogenomics and chemical metabolomics are important tools that can be used to study proteins/genes and metabolites in cells, respectively. Chemical metabolomics have many advantages over genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics in anticancer therapy. However, recent studies with AgNPs have revealed considerable genomic and proteomic changes, particularly in genes involved in tumor suppression, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Metabolites interact biochemically with energy storage, neurotransmitters, and antioxidant defense systems. Mechanobiological studies of AgNPs in cancer metabolomics suggest that AgNPs may be promising tools that can be exploited to develop more robust and effective adaptive anticancer therapies. Herein, we present a proof-of-concept review for AgNPs-based proteogenomics and chemical metabolomics from various tumor cells with the help of several technologies, suggesting their promising use as drug carriers for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Raja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea;
| | - Yoon-Kwan Jang
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
| | - Jung-Soo Suh
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
| | - Heon-Su Kim
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
| | - Sang Hyun Ahn
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea;
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
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Cherukuri P, Songkiatisak P, Ding F, Jault JM, Xu XHN. Antibiotic Drug Nanocarriers for Probing of Multidrug ABC Membrane Transporter of Bacillus subtilis. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:1625-1633. [PMID: 32010837 PMCID: PMC6990642 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug membrane transporters can extrude a wide range of substrates, which cause multidrug resistance and ineffective treatment of diseases. In this study, we used three different sized antibiotic drug nanocarriers to study their size-dependent inhibitory effects against Bacillus subtilis. We functionalized 2.4 ± 0.7, 13.0 ± 3.1, and 92.6 ± 4.4 nm silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with a monolayer of 11-amino-1-undecanethiol and covalently linked them with antibiotics (ofloxacin, Oflx). The labeling ratios of antibiotics with NPs are 8.6 × 102, 9.4 × 103, and 6.5 × 105 Oflx molecules per NP, respectively. We designed cell culture medium in which both BmrA and ΔBmrA cells grew and functioned normally while ensuring the stabilities of nanocarriers (nonaggregation). These approaches allow us to quantitatively study the dependence of their inhibitory effect against two isogenic strains of B. subtilis, WT (normal expression of BmrA) and ΔBmrA (deletion of bmrA), upon the NP size, antibiotic dose, and BmrA expression. Our results show that the inhibitory effects of nanocarriers highly depend on NP size and antibiotic dose. The same amount of Oflx on 2.4 ± 0.7, 13.0 ± 3.1, and 92.6 ± 4.4 nm nanocarriers shows the 3× lower, nearly the same, and 10× higher inhibitory effects than that of free Oflx, against both WT and ΔBmrA, respectively. Control experiments of the respective sized AgMUNH2 NPs (absence of Oflx) show insignificant inhibitory effects toward both strains. Taken together, the results show multiple factors, such as labeling ratios, multivalent effects, and pharmacodynamics (Oflx localization and distribution), which might play the roles in the size-dependent inhibitory effects on the growth of both WT and ΔBmrA strains. Interestingly, the inhibitory effects of nanocarriers are independent of the expression of BmrA, which could be attributed to the higher efflux of nanocarriers by other membrane transporters in both strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan
Kumar Cherukuri
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion
University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Preeyaporn Songkiatisak
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion
University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Feng Ding
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion
University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
| | - Jean-Michel Jault
- UMR5086
CNRS/UCBLyon I, MMSB-IBCP, 7 Passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon cedex 07, France
| | - Xiao-Hong Nancy Xu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion
University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
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15
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Hopf J, Waters M, Kalwajtys V, Carothers KE, Roeder RK, Shrout JD, Lee SW, Nallathamby PD. Phage-mimicking antibacterial core-shell nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4812-4826. [PMID: 36133139 PMCID: PMC9417579 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00461k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The increasing frequency of nosocomial infections caused by antibiotic-resistant microorganisms concurrent with the stagnant discovery of new classes of antibiotics has made the development of new antibacterial agents a critical priority. Our approach is an antibiotic-free strategy drawing inspiration from bacteriophages to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria. We developed a nanoparticle-based antibacterial system that structurally mimics the protein-turret distribution on the head structure of certain bacteriophages and explored a combination of different materials arranged hierarchically to inhibit bacterial growth and ultimately kill pathogenic bacteria. Here, we describe the synthesis of phage-mimicking antibacterial nanoparticles (ANPs) consisting of silver-coated gold nanospheres distributed randomly on a silica core. The silver-coating was deposited in an anisotropic fashion on the gold nanospheres. Structurally, our nanoparticles mimicked the bacteriophages of the family Microviridae by up to 88%. These phage-mimicking ANPs were tested for bactericidal efficacy against four clinically relevant nosocomial pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus USA300, Pseudomonas aeruginosa FRD1, Enterococcus faecalis, and Corynebacterium striatum) and for biocompatibility with skin cells. Bacterial growth of all four bacteria was inhibited (21% to 90%) as well as delayed (by up to 5 h). The Gram-positive organisms were shown to be more sensitive to the nanoparticle treatment. Importantly, the phage-mimicking ANPs did not show any significant cytotoxic effects against human skin keratinocytes. Our results indicate the potential for phage-mimicking antimicrobial nanoparticles as a highly effective, alternative antibacterial agent, which may be suitable for co-administration with existing available formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Hopf
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA
| | - Margo Waters
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA +1 574 631 7868
| | - Veronica Kalwajtys
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA
| | - Katelyn E Carothers
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA
| | - Ryan K Roeder
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA +1 574 631 7868
- Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NDnano), University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA
| | - Joshua D Shrout
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA
| | - Shaun W Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA
| | - Prakash D Nallathamby
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA +1 574 631 7868
- Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NDnano), University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA
- Center for Advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics (AD&T), University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA
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Singh A, Vaishagya K, K. Verma R, Shukla R. Temperature/pH-Triggered PNIPAM-Based Smart Nanogel System Loaded With Anastrozole Delivery for Application in Cancer Chemotherapy. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:213. [PMID: 31165298 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermo and pH-responsive poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM) polymer has gained interest due to microenvironment targeting potential toward cancer cells. Its exceptional potential of the phase transition at body temperature (37°C) makes it biologically relevant for drug delivery and biosensing. The optimum drug loading and particle size with controlled release at a specific site are essential for critical process parameters (CPP). This study investigates the formulation optimization anastrozole (ANST)-loaded PNIPAM nanoparticle (NPs) prepared by solvent evaporation method for pH- and thermo-responsive drug delivery. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was implemented to observe the effect of selected process parameters on quality attributes product including particle size 110.15 nm, zeta potential - 11.02 mV, PDI 0.175, and drug loading 8.35% (DL). The statistical data was found to fit in the quadratic model and p value is less than 0.005. The thermo-responsive behavior of PNIPAM is evaluated on DLS and UV-Visible spectroscopy at elevated temperature to 60°C that has shown increment in turbidity showed aggregation of the nanoparticles. The TEM and AFM revealed the spherical and smooth surface ANST-PNIPAM NPs. The formulation showed the controlled release of ANST for 48 h at pH 7.4 and triggered release at simulated tumor microenvironment pH 5.0. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the formulation is higher than free ANST and shown dose-dependent cell viability. The higher cell uptake was observed by NPs after 12-h incubation in MCF-7 cell lines using confocal microscopy. Apoptotic evaluation of ANST-PNIPAM NPs exhibited 22.67% in comparison to free ANST where 6% was analyzed on the flow cytometer.
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17
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Silver nanoparticles selectively induce human oncogenic γ-herpesvirus-related cancer cell death through reactivating viral lytic replication. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:392. [PMID: 31113937 PMCID: PMC6529488 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1624-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticle (nAg), which is one of the most common manufactured nanomaterials, has a wide range of biomedical applications. The human oncogenic γ-herpesviruses, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), are etiologically linked to many malignancies. Currently, there are no efficient or specific treatments for these types of tumors, and most patients die because of resistance to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy. Despite nAg having antitumor and antiviral activities, its effects on oncogenic herpesvirus-related cancer cells remain largely unknown. Here, we reveal that nAg presents higher cytotoxicity against KSHV- or EBV-latently infected cells via reactivating viral lytic replication, which relies on the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and autophagy. Moreover, nAg blocks KSHV primary infection by directly destroying virion particles, as well as effectively inhibits colony formation and moderately represses the growth of KSHV-associated tumors in xenograft mouse model. Taken together, these results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of nAg for use in the antiviral infection and treatment of oncogenic herpesvirus-related cancers.
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18
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Wang F, Li Y, Han Y, Ye Z, Wei L, Luo HB, Xiao L. Single-Particle Enzyme Activity Assay with Spectral-Resolved Dark-Field Optical Microscopy. Anal Chem 2019; 91:6329-6339. [PMID: 30978003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In a clinical assay, enzymes are essential biomarkers for human disease diagnosis. In this work, a spectral-resolved single-particle detection (SPD) method is introduced to quantify alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in human serum with a supraparticle (SP) based on MnO2-modified gold nanoparticle (denoted as GNP@MnO2 SP) as the probe. In the presence of ALP, 2-phospho-l-ascorbic acid trisodium salt can be hydrolyzed into l-ascorbic acid, which serves as a good reduction agent to trigger the decomposition of the MnO2 shell on the GNP surface. Given that a trace amount of ALP exists, noticeable scattering color change can be detected at the single-particle level due to the sensitive localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect from GNPs. With spectral-resolved dark-field optical microscopy, a linear dynamic range of 0.06 to 2.48 mU/mL ( R2 = 0.99) and a very low limit of detection of 5.8 μU/mL for the ALP assay are readily achieved, which is more sensitive over the methods based on ensemble sample measurement. As a consequence, this strategy opens a new avenue for the design of an ultrasensitive detection method for disease-correlated biomarker diagnosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan Normal University , Changsha 410081 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Yiliang Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine , The Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Southern Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, The People's Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen , Shenzhen 510530 , China
| | - Yameng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Zhongju Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Lin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan Normal University , Changsha 410081 , China
| | - Hai-Bin Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Lehui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
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Manivannan K, Cheng CC, Anbazhagan R, Tsai HC, Chen JK. Fabrication of silver seeds and nanoparticle on core-shell Ag@SiO 2 nanohybrids for combined photothermal therapy and bioimaging. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 537:604-614. [PMID: 30472636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two core-shell nanohybrids of different morphologies, namely SiO2-coated silver (Ag) with surface-exposed silver seeds (Ag@SiO2@Agseed) and SiO2-coated Ag with surface-exposed Ag nanoparticles (Ag@SiO2@AgNPs), were fabricated using the Stober method. Potential applications in bioimaging and photothermal therapy (PTT) of the two fabricated nanohybrids were also explored. Upon exposure to visible light (400 nm), Ag@SiO2@Agseed with surface-exposed Ag seeds exhibited greater photothermal conversion efficiency than Ag@SiO2@AgNPs. In vitro MTT assays in the dark and subsequent bioimaging using HeLa cells proved the potential biocompatibility of the fabricated core-shell nanohybrids. PTT applications of the two fabricated core-shell nanohybrids were studied by incubating HeLa cells with the nanohybrids, exposure to 400 nm laser, and subsequent staining with annexin V and propidium iodide (PI), and the two core-shell nanohybrids gave distinctively different PI staining results. Interestingly, Ag@SiO2@Agseed caused higher cell death upon light exposure compared to Ag@SiO2@AgNPs as the former generated more heat within the cells. These results demonstrated potential bioimaging and PPT applications of the fabricated core-shell nanohybrids and offer a novel candidate for phototherapy-based biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Manivannan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Applied Research Center for Thin-Film Metallic Glass, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Rajeshkumar Anbazhagan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Hsieh-Chih Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Applied Research Center for Thin-Film Metallic Glass, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
| | - Jem-Kun Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Applied Research Center for Thin-Film Metallic Glass, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
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20
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Abdal Dayem A, Lee SB, Cho SG. The Impact of Metallic Nanoparticles on Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E761. [PMID: 30261637 PMCID: PMC6215285 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has a wide range of medical and industrial applications. The impact of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) on the proliferation and differentiation of normal, cancer, and stem cells is well-studied. The preparation of NPs, along with their physicochemical properties, is related to their biological function. Interestingly, various mechanisms are implicated in metallic NP-induced cellular proliferation and differentiation, such as modulation of signaling pathways, generation of reactive oxygen species, and regulation of various transcription factors. In this review, we will shed light on the biomedical application of metallic NPs and the interaction between NPs and the cellular components. The in vitro and in vivo influence of metallic NPs on stem cell differentiation and proliferation, as well as the mechanisms behind potential toxicity, will be explored. A better understanding of the limitations related to the application of metallic NPs on stem cell proliferation and differentiation will afford clues for optimal design and preparation of metallic NPs for the modulation of stem cell functions and for clinical application in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Soo Bin Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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21
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Browning LM, Lee KJ, Cherukuri PK, Huang T, Songkiatisak P, Warren S, Xu XHN. Single gold nanoparticle plasmonic spectroscopy for study of chemical-dependent efflux function of single ABC transporters of single live Bacillus subtilis cells. Analyst 2018; 143:1599-1608. [PMID: 29488517 PMCID: PMC5869163 DOI: 10.1039/c7an01787a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) membrane transporters serve as self-defense transport apparatus in many living organisms and they can selectively extrude a wide variety of substrates, leading to multidrug resistance (MDR). The detailed molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Single nanoparticle plasmonic spectroscopy highly depends upon their sizes, shapes, chemical and surface properties. In our previous studies, we have used the size-dependent plasmonic spectra of single silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to study the real-time efflux kinetics of the ABC (BmrA) transporter and MexAB-OprM transporter in single live cells (Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterium), respectively. In this study, we prepared and used purified, biocompatible and stable (non-aggregated) gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) (12.4 ± 0.9 nm) to study the efflux kinetics of single BmrA membrane transporters of single live Bacillus subtillis cells, aiming to probe chemical dependent efflux functions of BmrA transporters and their potential chemical sensing capability. Similar to those observed using Ag NPs, accumulation of the intracellular Au NPs in single live cells (WT and ΔBmrA) highly depends upon the cellular expression of BmrA and the NP concentration (0.7 and 1.4 nM). The lower accumulation of intracellular Au NPs in WT (normal expression of BmrA) than ΔBmrA (deletion of bmrA) indicates that BmrA extrudes the Au NPs out of the WT cells. The accumulation of Au NPs in the cells increases with NP concentration, suggesting that the Au NPs most likely passively diffuse into the cells, similar to antibiotics. The result demonstrates that such small Au NPs can serve as imaging probes to study the efflux function of the BmrA membrane transporter in single live cells. Furthermore, the dependence of the accumulation rate of intracellular Au NPs in single live cells upon the expression of BmrA and the concentration of the NPs is about twice higher than that of the same sized Ag NPs. This interesting finding suggests the chemical-dependent efflux kinetics of BmrA and that BmrA could distinguish nearly identical sized Au NPs from Ag NPs and might possess chemical sensing machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Browning
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
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22
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Ding F, Songkiatisak P, Cherukuri PK, Huang T, Xu XHN. Size-Dependent Inhibitory Effects of Antibiotic Drug Nanocarriers against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:1231-1243. [PMID: 29399654 PMCID: PMC5793034 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug membrane transporters (efflux pumps) are responsible for multidrug resistance (MDR) and the low efficacy of therapeutic drugs. Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) possess a high surface-area-to-volume ratio and size-dependent plasmonic optical properties, enabling them to serve both as imaging probes to study sized-dependent MDR and as potential drug carriers to circumvent MDR and enhance therapeutic efficacy. To this end, in this study, we synthesized three different sizes of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), 2.4 ± 0.7, 13.0 ± 3.1, and 92.6 ± 4.4 nm, functionalized their surface with a monolayer of 11-amino-1-undecanethiol (AUT), and covalently conjugated them with antibiotics (ofloxacin, Oflx) to prepare antibiotic drug nanocarriers with conjugation ratios of 8.6 × 102, 9.4 × 103, and 6.5 × 105 Oflx molecules per NP, respectively. We purified and characterized the nanocarriers and developed cell culture medium in which the cells grew normally and the nanocarriers were stable (non-aggregated), to quantitatively study the size, dose, and efflux pump (MexAB-OprM) dependent inhibitory effect of the nanocarriers against two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, WT (normal expression of MexAB-OprM) and ΔABM (deletion of MexAB-OprM). We found that the inhibitory effect of these nanocarriers highly depended on the sizes of NPs, the doses of antibiotic, and the expression of MexAB-OprM. The same amount of Oflx on the largest nanocarriers (92.6 ± 4.4 nm) showed the highest inhibitory effect (the lowest minimal inhibitory concentration) against P. aeruginosa. Surprisingly, the smallest nanocarriers (2.4 ± 0.7 nm) exhibited a lower inhibitory effect than free Oflx. The results suggest that size-dependent multivalent effects, the distribution and localization of Oflx (pharmacodynamics), and the efflux of Oflx all play a role in the inhibitory effects. Control experiments using three sizes of AgMUNH2 NPs (absence of Oflx) showed that these NPs do not exhibit any significant inhibitory activity toward both strains. These new findings demonstrate the need for and possibility of designing optimal sized antibiotic nanocarriers to achieve the highest efficacy against P. aeruginosa.
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23
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Impact of surface functionalization on the uptake mechanism and toxicity effects of silver nanoparticles in HepG2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 107:349-361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Park JH, Gurunathan S, Choi YJ, Han JW, Song H, Kim JH. Silver nanoparticles suppresses brain-derived neurotrophic factor-induced cell survival in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. J IND ENG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Browning LM, Lee KJ, Nallathamby PD, Cherukuri PK, Huang T, Warren S, Xu XHN. Single Nanoparticle Plasmonic Spectroscopy for Study of Charge-Dependent Efflux Function of Multidrug ABC Transporters of Single Live Bacillus subtilis Cells. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2016; 120:21007-21016. [PMID: 29662596 PMCID: PMC5899213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b03313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug membrane transporters can selectively extrude a wide variety of structurally and functionally unrelated substrates, and they are responsible for ineffective treatment of a wide range of diseases (e.g., infection and cancer). Their underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we functionalized Ag NPs (11 nm in diameter) with two biocompatible peptides (CALNNK, CALNNE) to prepare positively and negatively charged Ag-peptide NPs (Ag-CALNNK NPs+ζ, Ag-CALNNE NPs-4ζ), respectively. We used them as photostable plasmonic imaging probes to study charge-dependent efflux kinetics of BmrA (ABC) membrane transporter of single live Bacillus (B.) subtilis cells. Two strains of the cells, normal expression of BmrA (WT) or devoid of BmrA (ΔBmrA), were used to study the charge-dependent efflux kinetics of single NPs upon the expression of BmrA. The NPs (1.4 nM) were stable (non-aggregated) in a PBS buffer and biocompatible to the cells. We found the high dependent accumulation of the intracellular NPs in both WT and ΔBmrA upon the charge and concentration of NPs. Notably, the accumulation rates of the positively charged NPs in single live WT cells are nearly identical to those in ΔBmrA cells, showing independence upon the expression of BmrA. In contrast, the accumulation rates of the negatively charged NPs in WT are much lower than in ΔBmrA, showing high dependence upon the expression of BmrA and suggesting that BmrA extrude the negatively charged NPs, but not positively charged NPs, out of the WT. The accumulation of positively charged NPs in both WT and ΔBmrA increases nearly proportionally to the NP concentration. The accumulation of negatively charged NPs in ΔBmrA, but not in WT, also increases nearly proportionally to the NP concentration. These results suggest that both negatively and positively charged NPs enter the cells via passive diffusion driven by concentration gradients across the cellular membrane, and BmrA can only extrude the negatively charged NPs out of the WT. This study shows that single NP plasmon spectroscopy can serve as a powerful tool to identify single plasmonic NPs and to probe the charge-dependent efflux kinetics and function of single membrane transporters in single live cells in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Browning
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Kerry J. Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Prakash D. Nallathamby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Pavan K. Cherukuri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Seth Warren
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Xiao-Hong Nancy Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
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26
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Muhammad Z, Raza A, Ghafoor S, Naeem A, Naz SS, Riaz S, Ahmed W, Rana NF. PEG capped methotrexate silver nanoparticles for efficient anticancer activity and biocompatibility. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 91:251-5. [PMID: 27132812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanocarriers endow tremendous benefits to the drug delivery systems depending upon the specific properties of either component. These benefits include, increase in the drug blood retention time, reduced efflux, additional toxicity and targeted delivery. Methotrexate (MTX) is clinically used for cancer treatment. Higher dosage of MTX results in hepatic and renal toxicity. In this study methotrexate silver nanoparticles (Ag-MTX) coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) are synthesized and characterized. Their anticancer activity and biocompatibility is also evaluated. RESULTS Ag-MTX nanoparticles are synthesized by chemical reduction method. They are characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Average size of PEG coated Ag-MTX nanoparticles (PEG-Ag-MTX nanoparticles) is 12nm. These particles exhibited improved anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell line. Hemolytic activity of these particles was significantly less than MTX. CONCLUSION PEG-Ag-MTX nanoparticles are potential nanocarrier of methotrexate which may offer MTX based cancer treatment with reduced side effects. In-vivo investigations should be carried out to explore them in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarmina Muhammad
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Abida Raza
- Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sana Ghafoor
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Naeem
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Syeda Sohaila Naz
- Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy Institute, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sundus Riaz
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Wajiha Ahmed
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Nosheen Fatima Rana
- School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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27
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Browning LM, Lee KJ, Cherukuri PK, Nallathamby PD, Warren S, Jault JM, Xu XHN. Single Nanoparticle Plasmonic Spectroscopy for Study of the Efflux Function of Multidrug ABC Membrane Transporters of Single Live Cells. RSC Adv 2016; 6:36794-36802. [PMID: 27570617 DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05895g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) membrane transporters exist in all living organisms and play key roles in a wide range of cellular and physiological functions. The ABC transporters can selectively extrude a wide variety of structurally and functionally unrelated substrates, leading to multidrug resistance. Despite extensive study, their efflux molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we synthesized and characterized purified silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) (97 ± 13 nm in diameter), and used them as photostable optical imaging probes to study efflux kinetics of ABC membrane transporters (BmrA) of single live cells (B. subtillis). The NPs with concentrations up to 3.7 pM were stable (non-aggregated) in a PBS buffer and biocompatible with the cells. We found a high dependence of accumulation of the intracellular NPs in single live cells (WT, Ct-BmrA-EGFP, ΔbmrA) upon the cellular expression level of BmrA and NP concentration (0.93, 1.85 and 3.7 pM), showing the highest accumulation of intracellular NPs in ΔbmrA (deletion of BmrA) and the lowest ones in Ct-BmrA-EGFP (over-expression of BmrA). Interestingly, the accumulation of intracellular NPs in ΔbmrA increases nearly proportionally with the NP concentration, while those in WT and Ct-BrmA-EGFP do not. This suggests that the NPs enter the cells via passive diffusion driven by concentration gradients and are extruded out of cells by BmrA transporters, similar to conventional pump substrates (antibiotics). This study shows that such large substrates (84-100 nm NPs) can enter into the live cells and be extruded out of the cells by BmrA, and the NPs can serve as nm-sized optical imaging probes to study the size-dependent efflux kinetics of membrane transporters in single live cells in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Browning
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Kerry J Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Pavan K Cherukuri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Prakash D Nallathamby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Seth Warren
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Jean-Michel Jault
- UMR5086 CNRS/UCBLyon I, MMSB-IBCP, 7 Passage du Vercors 69367 Lyon cedex 07, France
| | - Xiao-Hong Nancy Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
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28
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Lee KJ, Huang T, Nallathamby PD, Xu XHN. Wavelength dependent specific plasmon resonance coupling of single silver nanoparticles with EGFP. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:17623-17630. [PMID: 26455449 PMCID: PMC4618765 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05234c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) possess unique plasmonic properties, enabling them to serve as sub-diffraction light sources and nano- antennae for a wide range of applications. Here we report the specific interaction of single Ag NPs with single EGFP molecules and a high dependence of their interaction upon localized-surface-plasmon-resonance (LSPR) spectra of single Ag NPs and EGFP. The LSPR spectra of single red Ag NPs show a stunning 60 nm blue-shift during their incubation with EGFP, whereas they remain unchanged during their incubation with bovine serum albumin (BSA). Interestingly, the peak wavelengths of the LSPR spectra of green and blue Ag NPs remain essentially unchanged during their incubation with either EGFP or BSA. These interesting findings suggest that plasmon-resonance-energy-transfer (PRET) from single Ag NPs to EGFP might follow a two-photon excitation mechanism to excite EGFP and the fluorescence of the excited EGFP might couple with the plasmon of single NPs leading to a blue-shift of the red NPs. These distinctive phenomena are only observed by real-time single NP spectroscopic measurements. This study offers exciting new opportunities to design new sensing and imaging tools with high specificity and sensitivity to study long-range molecular interactions and dynamic events in single live cells, and to probe the underlying molecular mechanisms of PRET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry J Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
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29
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Li M, Xiao Y, Zhang Z, Yu J. Bimodal sintered silver nanoparticle paste with ultrahigh thermal conductivity and shear strength for high temperature thermal interface material applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:9157-68. [PMID: 25890996 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A bimodal silver nanoparticle (AgNP) paste has been synthesized via the simple ultrasonic mixing of two types of unimodal AgNPs (10 and 50 nm in diameter). By sintering this paste at 250 °C for 30 min, we obtained an ultrahigh thermal conductivity of 278.5 W m(-1) K(-1), approximately 65% of the theoretical value for bulk Ag. The shear strength before and after thermal cycling at 50-200 °C for 1000 cycles was approximately 41.80 and 28.75 MPa, respectively. The results show that this excellent performance is attributable to the unique sintered structures inside the bimodal AgNP paste, including its low but stable porosity and the high density coherent twins. In addition, we systematically discuss the sintering behavior of this paste, including the decomposition of the organic layers and the formation of the coherent twins. On the basis of these results, we confirm that our bimodal AgNP paste has excellent potential as a thermal interface material for high temperature power device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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30
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Nallathamby PD, Mortensen NP, Palko HA, Malfatti M, Smith C, Sonnett J, Doktycz MJ, Gu B, Roeder RK, Wang W, Retterer ST. New surface radiolabeling schemes of super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for biodistribution studies. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:6545-55. [PMID: 25790032 PMCID: PMC4847546 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr06441k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterial based drug delivery systems allow for the independent tuning of the surface chemical and physical properties that affect their biodistribution in vivo and the therapeutic payloads that they are intended to deliver. Additionally, the added therapeutic and diagnostic value of their inherent material properties often provides extra functionality. Iron based nanomaterials with their magnetic properties and easily tailorable surface chemistry are of particular interest as model systems. In this study the core radius of the iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) was 14.08 ± 3.92 nm while the hydrodynamic radius of the NPs, as determined by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), was between 90-110 nm. In this study, different approaches were explored to create radiolabeled NPs that are stable in solution. The NPs were functionalized with polycarboxylate or polyamine surface functional groups. Polycarboxylate functionalized NPs had a zeta potential of -35 mV and polyamine functionalized NPs had a zeta potential of +40 mV. The polycarboxylate functionalized NPs were chosen for in vivo biodistribution studies and hence were radiolabeled with (14)C, with a final activity of 0.097 nCi mg(-1) of NPs. In chronic studies, the biodistribution profile is tracked using low level radiolabeled proxies of the nanoparticles of interest. Conventionally, these radiolabeled proxies are chemically similar but not chemically identical to the non-radiolabeled NPs of interest. This study is novel as different approaches were explored to create radiolabeled NPs that are stable, possess a hydrodynamic radius of <100 nm and most importantly they exhibit an identical surface chemical functionality as their non-radiolabeled counterparts. Identical chemical functionality of the radiolabeled probes to the non-radiolabeled probes was an important consideration to generate statistically similar biodistribution data sets using multiple imaging and detection techniques. The radiolabeling approach described here is applicable to the synthesis of a large class of nanomaterials with multiple core and surface functionalities. This work combined with the biodistribution data suggests that the radiolabeling schemes carried out in this study have broad implications for use in pharmacokinetic studies for a variety of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash D. Nallathamby
- Battelle Center for Fundamental and Applied Systems Toxicology, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
- Biological and Environmental Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering; Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Ninell P. Mortensen
- Biological and Environmental Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Heather A. Palko
- Battelle Center for Fundamental and Applied Systems Toxicology, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Physical and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Mike Malfatti
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Physical and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Catherine Smith
- Battelle Center for Fundamental and Applied Systems Toxicology, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - James Sonnett
- Battelle Center for Fundamental and Applied Systems Toxicology, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH 43201, USA
| | - Mitchel J. Doktycz
- Biological and Environmental Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Baohua Gu
- Biological and Environmental Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Ryan K. Roeder
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering; Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Biological and Environmental Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Scott T. Retterer
- Biological and Environmental Sciences Divisions, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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31
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Cytotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles in human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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32
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Liang J, Zeng F, Zhang M, Pan Z, Chen Y, Zeng Y, Xu Y, Xu Q, Huang Y. Green synthesis of hyaluronic acid-based silver nanoparticles and their enhanced delivery to CD44+ cancer cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03083h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel hyaluronic acid (HA)-based strategy for the green synthesis of AgNP was developed, in which HA was used as both the reducer and stabilizer, and the HA-modified AgNP can target CD44-overexpressed cancer cells for improved therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Feng Zeng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Meng Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Zhenzhen Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yingzhi Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Yuaner Zeng
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
- School of Chinese Materia Medica
- Guangzhou 501450
- China
| | - Yong Xu
- Hubei Biological Medicine Industrial Technological Institute Co., Ltd
- Wuhan 430075
- China
| | - Qin Xu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
- Tropical Medicine Institute
- Guangzhou 501450
- China
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
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Hu B, Wang N, Han L, Chen ML, Wang JH. Core-shell-shell nanorods for controlled release of silver that can serve as a nanoheater for photothermal treatment on bacteria. Acta Biomater 2015; 11:511-9. [PMID: 25219350 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel bactericidal material comprising rod-shaped core-shell-shell Au-Ag-Au nanorods is constructed as a nanoheater in the near-infrared (NIR) region. The outer Au shell melts under laser irradiation and results in exposure of the inner Ag shell, facilitating the controlled release of the antibacterial Ag shell/layer or Ag(+). This results in the Au-Ag-Au nanorods having a favorable bactericidal ability as it combines the features of physical photothermal ablation sterilization of the outer Au shell and the antibacterial effect of the inner Ag shell or Ag(+) to the surrounding bacteria. The sterilizing ability of Au-Ag-Au nanorods is investigated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 as a model bacterial strain. Under low-power NIR laser irradiation (785 nm, 50 mW cm(-2)), the Au-Ag-Au nanoheater exhibits a higher photothermal conversion efficiency (with a solution temperature of 44°C) with respect to that for the Au-Ag nanorods (39°C). Meanwhile, a much improved stability with respect to Au-Ag nanorods is observed, i.e., 16 successive days of monitoring reveal virtually no change in the ultraviolet-visible spectrum of Au-Ag-Au nanorods, while a significant drop in absorption along with a 92 nm red shift of Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance is recorded for the Au-Ag nanorods. This brings an increasing bactericidal efficiency and long-term stability for the Au-Ag-Au nanorods. At a dosage of 10 μg ml(-1), a killing rate of 100% is reached for the E. coli O157:H7 cells under 20 min of irradiation. The use of Au-Ag-Au nanorods avoids the abuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics and reduces the damage of tissues by alleviating the toxicity of silver under controlled release and by the use of low-power laser irradiation. These features could make the bimetallic core-shell-shell nanorods a favorable nanoheater for in vivo biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Han
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Li Chen
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.
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Lu W, Ma W, Lu J, Li X, Zhao Y, Chen G. Microwave-assisted synthesis of glycopolymer-functionalized silver nanoclusters: combining the bioactivity of sugar with the fluorescence and cytotoxicity of silver. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:827-33. [PMID: 24519919 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Copolymers of 2-(methacrylamido)glucopyranose (MAG) and methacrylic acid (MAA) are synthesized by RAFT polymerization and then used as templates to prepare glycopolymer-functionalized Ag nanoclusters (Gly-Ag NCs) through microwave irradiation. Polymers and the resulting nanoclusters are characterized by NMR, GPC, UV-Vis, SEM, TEM, AAS and fluorescence spectroscopy. The bio-activity of the fluorescent Gly-Ag NCs are further examined using GLUT-1 over-expressing cancer cells K562. Gly-Ag NCs show efficient binding ability toward K562 cells and inhibit the cell viability in a dose dependent manner (IC50 = 0.65 μg mL(-1)), indicating their potential biological applications for both cancer imaging and targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
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Stępkowski TM, Brzóska K, Kruszewski M. Silver nanoparticles induced changes in the expression of NF-κB related genes are cell type specific and related to the basal activity of NF-κB. Toxicol In Vitro 2014; 28:473-8. [PMID: 24462830 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in industry and medicine but the recent evidence for their cytotoxicity rise a concern about the safety of their use. We have previously shown that human A549 cells are resistant to AgNPs cytotoxicity, as compared with similarly treated HepG2 cells. In order to check for the role of the NF-κB signaling pathway in response of A549 and HepG2 cell lines to the treatment with 20 nm and 200 nm AgNps, we analyzed the expression of 84 key genes related to the functionality of the NF-κB signaling pathway. We observed considerable alternations in gene expression in HepG2 cells treated with 20 nm AgNPs, and minor changes when exposed to 200 nm AgNPs. Surprisingly, no changes in gene expression were observed in A549 cells treated with both size AgNPs. Using the NF-κB luciferase reporter system, we further tested the basal activity and inducibility of the NF-κB pathway in both cell lines and found that the inducibility of NF-κB signaling in A549 cells is approximately 5 times lower than this of HepG2 cells, but the basal activity is approximately 3.5 times higher. In accordance, the NF-κB activation after AgNPs treatment was observed in HepG2 but not in A549. Altogether indicate that NF-kB mediated cellular response to AgNPs is cell type specific and related to the basal activity of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Stępkowski
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - K Brzóska
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - M Kruszewski
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; Institute of Agricultural Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
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36
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Browning LM, Huang T, Xu XHN. Real-time in vivo imaging of size-dependent transport and toxicity of gold nanoparticles in zebrafish embryos using single nanoparticle plasmonic spectroscopy. Interface Focus 2014; 3:20120098. [PMID: 24427540 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2012.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) show distinctive plasmonic optical properties and superior photostability, enabling them to serve as photostable multi-coloured optical molecular probes and sensors for real-time in vivo imaging. To effectively study biological functions in vivo, it is essential that the NP probes are biocompatible and can be delivered into living organisms non-invasively. In this study, we have synthesized, purified and characterized stable (non-aggregated) gold (Au) NPs (86.2 ± 10.8 nm). We have developed dark-field single NP plasmonic microscopy and spectroscopy to study their transport into early developing zebrafish embryos (cleavage stage) and their effects on embryonic development in real-time at single NP resolution. We found that single Au NPs (75-97 nm) passively diffused into the embryos via their chorionic pore canals, and stayed inside the embryos throughout their entire development (120 h). The majority of embryos (96 ± 3%) that were chronically incubated with the Au NPs (0-20 pM) for 120 h developed to normal zebrafish, while an insignificant percentage of embryos developed to deformed zebrafish (1 ± 1)% or dead (3 ± 3)%. Interestingly, we did not observe dose-dependent effects of the Au NPs (0-20 pM) on embryonic development. By comparing with our previous studies of smaller Au NPs (11.6 ± 0.9 nm) and similar-sized Ag NPs (95.4 ± 16.0 nm), we found that the larger Au NPs are more biocompatible than the smaller Au NPs, while the similar-sized Ag NPs are much more toxic than Au NPs. This study offers in vivo assays and single NP microscopy and spectroscopy to characterize the biocompatibility and toxicity of single NPs, and new insights into the rational design of more biocompatible plasmonic NP imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Browning
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Old Dominion University , Norfolk, VA 23529 , USA
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Old Dominion University , Norfolk, VA 23529 , USA
| | - Xiao-Hong Nancy Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Old Dominion University , Norfolk, VA 23529 , USA
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Lin J, Huang Z, Wu H, Zhou W, Jin P, Wei P, Zhang Y, Zheng F, Zhang J, Xu J, Hu Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Gu N, Wen L. Inhibition of autophagy enhances the anticancer activity of silver nanoparticles. Autophagy 2014; 10:2006-20. [PMID: 25484080 PMCID: PMC4502813 DOI: 10.4161/auto.36293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are cytotoxic to cancer cells and possess excellent potential as an antitumor agent. A variety of nanoparticles have been shown to induce autophagy, a critical cellular degradation process, and the elevated autophagy in most of these situations promotes cell death. Whether Ag NPs can induce autophagy and how it might affect the anticancer activity of Ag NPs has not been reported. Here we show that Ag NPs induced autophagy in cancer cells by activating the PtdIns3K signaling pathway. The autophagy induced by Ag NPs was characterized by enhanced autophagosome formation, normal cargo degradation, and no disruption of lysosomal function. Consistent with these properties, the autophagy induced by Ag NPs promoted cell survival, as inhibition of autophagy by either chemical inhibitors or ATG5 siRNA enhanced Ag NPs-elicited cancer cell killing. We further demonstrated that wortmannin, a widely used inhibitor of autophagy, significantly enhanced the antitumor effect of Ag NPs in the B16 mouse melanoma cell model. Our results revealed a novel biological activity of Ag NPs in inducing cytoprotective autophagy, and inhibition of autophagy may be a useful strategy for improving the efficacy of Ag NPs in anticancer therapy.
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Key Words
- ANXA5, annexin A5
- CASP3, caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase
- CTSB, cathepsin B
- DLS, dynamic light scattering
- DMEM, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium
- EGFP-LC3, enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged LC3
- I-MEF, immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblast
- ICP-MS, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
- MDC, monodansylcadaverine
- MTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin
- P-MEF, primary mouse embryonic fibroblast
- PI, propidium iodide
- PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase
- PVP, polyvinylpyrrolidone
- PtdIns3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
- RPS6KB, ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70 kDa
- SQSTM1, sequestosome 1
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- TUNEL, terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase (TDT)-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling
- UV-Vis, ultraviolet visible
- XRD, X-ray diffraction
- autophagy
- autophagy inhibition
- lysosomal function
- s.c., subcutaneously
- silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs)
- tumor therapy
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei, China
| | - Zhihai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei, China
| | - Peipei Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei, China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei, China
| | - Yunjiao Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei, China
| | - Jiqian Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei, China
| | - Yajuan Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei, China
| | - Ning Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing, China
| | - Longping Wen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei, China
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Parida UK, Biswal SK, Bindhani BK. Green Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles: Study of Its Biological Mechanism in Human SUDHL-4 Cell Line. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/abc.2014.46041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lee KJ, Browning LM, Nallathamby PD, Osgood CJ, Xu XHN. Silver nanoparticles induce developmental stage-specific embryonic phenotypes in zebrafish. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:11625-36. [PMID: 24056877 PMCID: PMC3833826 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr03210h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Much is anticipated from the development and deployment of nanomaterials in biological organisms, but concerns remain regarding their biocompatibility and target specificity. Here we report our study of the transport, biocompatibility and toxicity of purified and stable silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs, 13.1 ± 2.5 nm in diameter) upon the specific developmental stages of zebrafish embryos using single NP plasmonic spectroscopy. We find that single Ag NPs passively diffuse into five different developmental stages of embryos (cleavage, early-gastrula, early-segmentation, late-segmentation, and hatching stages), showing stage-independent diffusion modes and diffusion coefficients. Notably, the Ag NPs induce distinctive stage and dose-dependent phenotypes and nanotoxicity, upon their acute exposure to the Ag NPs (0-0.7 nM) for only 2 h. The late-segmentation embryos are most sensitive to the NPs with the lowest critical concentration (CNP,c << 0.02 nM) and highest percentages of cardiac abnormalities, followed by early-segmentation embryos (CNP,c < 0.02 nM), suggesting that disruption of cell differentiation by the NPs causes the most toxic effects on embryonic development. The cleavage-stage embryos treated with the NPs develop into a wide variety of phenotypes (abnormal finfold, tail/spinal cord flexure, cardiac malformation/edema, yolk sac edema, and acephaly). These organ structures are not yet developed in cleavage-stage embryos, suggesting that the earliest determinative events to create these structures are ongoing, and disrupted by NPs, which leads to the downstream effects. In contrast, the hatching embryos are most resistant to the Ag NPs, and majority of embryos (94%) develop normally, and none of them develop abnormally. Interestingly, early-gastrula embryos are less sensitive to the NPs than cleavage and segmentation stage embryos, and do not develop abnormally. These important findings suggest that the Ag NPs are not simple poisons, and they can target specific pathways in development, and potentially enable target specific study and therapy for early embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry J Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
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40
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Guo D, Zhu L, Huang Z, Zhou H, Ge Y, Ma W, Wu J, Zhang X, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Gu N. Anti-leukemia activity of PVP-coated silver nanoparticles via generation of reactive oxygen species and release of silver ions. Biomaterials 2013; 34:7884-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Kang K, Jung H, Lim JS. Cell Death by Polyvinylpyrrolidine-Coated Silver Nanoparticles is Mediated by ROS-Dependent Signaling. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2013; 20:399-405. [PMID: 24009827 PMCID: PMC3762268 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2012.20.4.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used nanoparticles and they are mainly used in antibacterial and personal care products. In this study, we evaluated the effect of AgNPs on cell death induction in the murine dendritic cell line DC2.4. DC2.4 cells exposed to AgNPs showed a marked decrease in cell viability and an induction of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, AgNPs promoted reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent apoptosis and AgNP-induced ROS triggered a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. The activation of the intracellular signal transduction pathway was also observed in cells cultured with AgNPs. Taken together, our data demonstrate that AgNPs are able to induce a cytotoxic effect in DCs through ROS generation. This study provides important information about the safety of AgNPs that may help in guiding the development of nanotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongah Kang
- Department of Biological Science and the Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
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42
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Stensberg MC, Madangopal R, Yale G, Wei Q, Ochoa-Acuña H, Wei A, Mclamore ES, Rickus J, Porterfield DM, Sepúlveda MS. Silver nanoparticle-specific mitotoxicity inDaphnia magna. Nanotoxicology 2013; 8:833-42. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2013.832430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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43
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Meng J, Ji Y, Liu J, Cheng X, Guo H, Zhang W, Wu X, Xu H. Using gold nanorods core/silver shell nanostructures as model material to probe biodistribution and toxic effects of silver nanoparticles in mice. Nanotoxicology 2013; 8:686-96. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2013.822593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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44
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Lee KJ, Browning LM, Nallathamby PD, Xu XHN. Study of charge-dependent transport and toxicity of peptide-functionalized silver nanoparticles using zebrafish embryos and single nanoparticle plasmonic spectroscopy. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:904-17. [PMID: 23621491 DOI: 10.1021/tx400087d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials possess unusually high surface area-to-volume ratios and surface-determined physicochemical properties. It is essential to understand their surface-dependent toxicity in order to rationally design biocompatible nanomaterials for a wide variety of applications. In this study, we have functionalized the surfaces of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs, 11.7 ± 2.7 nm in diameter) with three biocompatible peptides (CALNNK, CALNNS, CALNNE) to prepare positively (Ag-CALNNK NPs(+ζ)), negatively (Ag-CALNNS NPs(-2ζ)), and more negatively charged NPs (Ag-CALNNE NPs(-4ζ)), respectively. Each peptide differs in a single amino acid at its C-terminus, which minimizes the effects of peptide sequences and serves as a model molecule to create positive, neutral, and negative charges on the surface of the NPs at pH 4-10. We have studied their charge-dependent transport into early developing (cleavage-stage) zebrafish embryos and their effects on embryonic development using dark-field optical microscopy and spectroscopy (DFOMS). We found that all three Ag-peptide NPs passively diffused into the embryos via their chorionic pore canals, and stayed inside the embryos throughout their entire development (120 h), showing charge-independent diffusion modes and charge-dependent diffusion coefficients. Notably, the NPs create charge-dependent toxic effects on embryonic development, showing that the Ag-CALNNK NPs(+ζ) (positively charged) are the most biocompatible while the Ag-CALNNE NPs(-4ζ) (more negatively charged) are the most toxic. By comparing with our previous studies of the same sized citrated Ag and Au NPs, the Ag-peptide NPs are much more biocompatible than the citrated Ag NPs, and nearly as biocompatible as the Au NPs, showing the dependence of nanotoxicity upon the surface charges, surface functional groups, and chemical compositions of the NPs. This study also demonstrates powerful applications of single NP plasmonic spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of single NPs in vivo and in tissues, and reveals the possibility of rational design of biocompatible NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry J Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
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45
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Satapathy SR, Mohapatra P, Preet R, Das D, Sarkar B, Choudhuri T, Wyatt MD, Kundu CN. Silver-based nanoparticles induce apoptosis in human colon cancer cells mediated through p53. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 8:1307-22. [PMID: 23514434 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The authors have systematically investigated the anticancer potentiality of silver-based nanoparticles (AgNPs) and the mechanism underlying their biological activity in human colon cancer cells. MATERIALS & METHODS Starch-capped AgNPs were synthesized, characterized and their biological activity evaluated through multiple biochemical assays. RESULTS AgNPs decreased the growth and viability of HCT116 colon cancer cells. AgNP exposure increased apoptosis, as demonstrated by an increase in 4´,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-stained apoptotic nuclei, BAX/BCL-XL ratio, cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, p53, p21 and caspases 3, 8 and 9, and by a decrease in the levels of AKT and NF-κB. The cell population in the G1 phase decreased, and the S-phase population increased after AgNP treatment. AgNPs caused DNA damage and reduced the interaction between p53 and NF-κB. Interestingly, no significant alteration was noted in the levels of p21, BAX/BCL-XL and NF-κB after AgNP treatment in a p53-knockout HCT116 cell line. CONCLUSION AgNPs are bona fide anticancer agents that act in a p53-dependent manner. Original submitted 16 March 2012; Revised submitted 25 August 2012; Published online 21 March 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakti Ranjan Satapathy
- Cancer Biology Division, KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
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Kruszewski M, Grądzka I, Bartłomiejczyk T, Chwastowska J, Sommer S, Grzelak A, Zuberek M, Lankoff A, Dusinska M, Wojewódzka M. Oxidative DNA damage corresponds to the long term survival of human cells treated with silver nanoparticles. Toxicol Lett 2013; 219:151-9. [PMID: 23518319 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We examined the relation between DNA damage and the clonogenic potential of 3 human cell lines, HepG2, HT29 and A549, treated with bare 20 nm or 200 nm silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The endpoints examined were the DNA breakage estimated by the comet assay, the oxidative base damage recognized by formamido-pyrimidine glycosylase (FPG) and estimated with the FPG+comet assay, and the frequencies of histone γH2AX foci and micronuclei. Each cell line studied had a different pattern of DNA breakage and base damage versus the NPs concentration and time of treatment. The overall pattern of DNA breakage and base damage induction corresponded to the intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species. There was no increase in the frequencies of histone γH2AX foci and micronuclei as compared to those in the untreated cells. The reported experiments suggest that only the oxidative DNA damage corresponds to the loss of the clonogenic ability of cells treated with AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Kruszewski
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warszawa, Poland.
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47
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Cheng X, Zhang W, Ji Y, Meng J, Guo H, Liu J, Wu X, Xu H. Revealing silver cytotoxicity using Au nanorods/Ag shell nanostructures: disrupting cell membrane and causing apoptosis through oxidative damage. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra23131j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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48
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Guo D, Zhang X, Huang Z, Zhou X, Zhu L, Zhao Y, Gu N. Comparison of cellular responses across multiple passage numbers in Ba/F3-BCR-ABL cells induced by silver nanoparticles. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2012; 55:898-905. [PMID: 23108867 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-012-4382-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology and increasingly broad bio-application of engineered nanomaterials, their biohazards have become a serious public concern. It is believed that the chemical nature, particle size, morphology, and surface chemistry of nanomaterials are key parameters that influence their toxicity. Although cultured cells have been widely used to evaluate nanomaterial toxicity, it remains unclear whether the passage of these cells affects the evaluation results. In the present study, Ba/F3 cells transfected with the BCR-ABL gene were subcultured to study the effect of passage number on cell stability and their cellular responses upon exposure to nanomaterials. The results demonstrated that proliferation, cellular senescence, BCR-ABL gene expression, cell cycle and apoptosis were stable across multiple passages. Senescence and BCR-ABL gene expression of cells from different passage cells were unchanged when treated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). In addition, the cells at multiple passage numbers were all arrested in the G(2)/M phase and apoptosis was induced by the AgNPs. These nanoparticles could enter cells via endocytosis and localize in the endosomes, which were also not influenced by passage number. These data suggest that short-term passage would not affect cultured cell stability and toxicity assessment using these cells would be consistent when maintained appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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Di Corato R, Palumberi D, Marotta R, Scotto M, Carregal-Romero S, Rivera Gil P, Parak WJ, Pellegrino T. Magnetic nanobeads decorated with silver nanoparticles as cytotoxic agents and photothermal probes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:2731-2742. [PMID: 22730166 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201200230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A versatile method for decorating magnetic nanobeads (being composite materials from polymers and superparamagnetic nanoparticles) with silver nanoparticles of 3-6 nm size is presented. Control over the silver nanoparticle coverage at the nanobead surface is achieved by changing the reaction parameters. Moreover, the silver-decorated magnetic nanobeads (Ag-MNBs) are studied with respect to their in vitro cytotoxicity on two distinct tumour cell lineages under different parameters, i.e., dose, incubation time, magnetic field applied during the culturing, silver ion leakage, and colloidal stability. It is found that enhanced magnetically mediated cellular uptake and silver ion leakage from the Ag-MNBs surface are the main factors which affect the toxicity of the Ag-MNBs and allow the half-maximal inhibitory dose of silver to be reduced to only 32 μg mL(-1) . Furthermore, a synergic cytotoxicity induced by photo-activation of silver nanoparticles was also found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Di Corato
- Nanoscience Institute of CNR, National Nanotechnology Laboratory, Lecce, Italy
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Lee KJ, Nallathamby PD, Browning LM, Desai T, Cherukuri PK, Xu XHN. Single nanoparticle spectroscopy for real-time in vivo quantitative analysis of transport and toxicity of single nanoparticles in single embryos. Analyst 2012; 137:2973-86. [PMID: 22563577 DOI: 10.1039/c2an35293a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials exhibit distinctive physicochemical properties and promise a wide range of applications from nanotechnology to nanomedicine, which raise serious concerns about their potential environmental impacts on ecosystems. Unlike any conventional chemicals, nanomaterials are highly heterogeneous, and their properties can alter over time. These unique characteristics underscore the importance of study of their properties and effects on living organisms in real time at single nanoparticle (NP) resolution. Here we report the development of single-NP plasmonic microscopy and spectroscopy (dark-field optical microscopy and spectroscopy, DFOMS) and ultrasensitive in vivo assay (cleavage-stage zebrafish embryos, critical aquatic species) to study transport and toxicity of single silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs, 95.4 ± 16.0 nm) on embryonic developments. We synthesized and characterized purified and stable (non-aggregation) Ag NPs, determined their sizes and doses (number), and their transport mechanisms and effects on embryonic development in vivo in real time at single-NP resolution. We found that single Ag NPs passively entered the embryos through their chorionic pores via random Brownian diffusion and stayed inside the embryos throughout their entire development (120 h), suggesting that the embryos can bio-concentrate trace NPs from their environment. Our studies show that higher doses and larger sizes of Ag NPs cause higher toxic effects on embryonic development, demonstrating that the embryos can serve as ultrasensitive in vivo assays to screen biocompatibility and toxicity of the NPs and monitor their potential release into aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry J Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
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