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Davoodi F, Azizi S, Aghazadeh S, Dezfoulian O. Effects of linalool on postoperative peritoneal adhesions in rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:5145-5155. [PMID: 38240782 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02943-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The current study examines the effects of linalool in preventing postoperative abdominal adhesions. Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups. (1) Sham: in this group, the abdomen was approached, and without any manipulations, it was sutured. (2) Control: rats in this group underwent a surgical procedure to induce adhesions. This involved making three incisions on the right abdominal side and removing a 1×1-cm piece of the peritoneum on the left abdominal side. (3) Treatment groups: these groups underwent the same surgical procedure as the control group to induce adhesions. Animals in these groups received linalool orally with doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively, for a period of 14 days. Moreover, rats in the sham and control groups received normal saline via gavage for 14 days. The evaluation of TNF-α, TGF-β, VEGF, and caspase 3 was performed using western blot and IHC methods. Furthermore, oxidative stress biomarkers such as MDA, TAC, GSH, and NO were assessed in the peritoneal adhesion tissue. The findings revealed that linalool significantly reduced peritoneal adhesions by reducing TNF-α, TGF-β, VEGF, and caspase 3 levels. Moreover, MDA concentration was significantly decreased, while NO, TAC, and GSH levels were notably increased. Overall, linalool was effective in preventing adhesion formation and reduced inflammation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Therefore, linalool as a potent antioxidant is suggested for reducing postoperative adhesions in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshid Davoodi
- Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Saeed Azizi
- Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Safiyeh Aghazadeh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Omid Dezfoulian
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
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2
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Song X, Kang J, Wei X, Liu L, Liu Y, Wang F. Insights into the antibacterial effectiveness of linalool against Shigella flexneri on pork surface: Changes in bacterial growth and pork quality. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 418:110718. [PMID: 38678956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Shigella flexneri has the ability to contaminate pork and cause foodborne diseases. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of linalool (a natural preservative) against S. flexneri and explore its potential application in contaminated pork. The results showed that linalool was capable of damaging the cell membrane and binding to the DNA of S. flexneri, and inhibiting biofilm formation and disrupting mature biofilms. The antibacterial effectiveness of linalool on the surface of pork was further demonstrated by analyzing the physicochemical properties of the pork (i.e., weight loss rate, pH value, color index, and TVB-N value) and its protein profiles. Linalool did not completely kill S. flexneri in pork at minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) concentration and its antibacterial effect of linalool was stronger during the initial stage of storage. During storage, linalool influenced the abundance of specific proteins in the pork, particularly those involved in pathways related to fat metabolism. These findings offer novel insights into the antibacterial efficacy of linalool and its underlying mechanism in pork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Song
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China; School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jiamu Kang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xingyan Wei
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Liu Liu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China.
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Xi'an Supervision & Inspection Institute of Product Quality, Xi'an 710068, China
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3
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Hosseini SM, Tavakolipour H, Mokhtarian M, Armin M. Co-encapsulation of Shirazi thyme ( Zataria multiflora) essential oil and nisin using caffeic acid grafted chitosan nanogel and the effect of this nanogel as a bio-preservative in Iranian white cheese. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:4385-4398. [PMID: 38873443 PMCID: PMC11167143 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to co-encapsulate Shirazi thyme (Zataria multiflora) essential oil (ZEO) and nisin into chitosan nanogel as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent to enhance the shelf-life of cheese. Chitosan-caffeic acid (CS-CA) nanogel was produced to co-encapsulate Zataria multiflora essential oil and nisin. This nanogel was characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The effect of free (TFZN) and encapsulated ZEO-nisin in chitosan nanogel (TCZN) on the chemical and microbiological properties of Iranian white cheese was assessed. The particle size, polydispersity index value (PDI), zeta potential, antioxidant activity, and encapsulation efficiency of the optimal chitosan-ZEO-nisin nanogel were 421.6 nm, 0.343, 34.0 mV, 71.06%-82.69%, and 41.3 ± 0.5%, 0.79 ± 0.06 mg/mL. respectively. FTIR and XRD approved ZEO and nisin entrapment within chitosan nanogel. The chitosan nanogel showed a highly porous surface with an irregular shape. The bioactive compounds of ZEO and nisin decreased the pH changes in cheese. On the 60th day of storage, the acidity of treated samples was significantly lower than that of control. Although the lowest anisidine index value was observed in samples treated with sodium nitrate (NaNO3) (TS), there was no significant difference between this sample and TCZN. The lowest microbial population was observed in TCZN and TS. After 60 days of ripening, Coliforms were not detected in the culture medium of TCZN and TS. The results can contribute to the development of a natural preservative with the potential for application in the dairy industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sabzevar BranchIslamic Azad UniversitySabzevarIran
| | - Hamid Tavakolipour
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sabzevar BranchIslamic Azad UniversitySabzevarIran
| | - Mohsen Mokhtarian
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Roudehen BranchIslamic Azad UniversityRoudehenIran
| | - Mohammad Armin
- Department of Agronomy, Sabzevar BranchIslamic Azad UniversitySabzevarIran
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Wu YR, Xiong W, Dong YJ, Chen X, Zhong YY, He XL, Wang YJ, Lin QF, Tian XF, Zhou Q. Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Properties of Frankincense: Implications for Anticancer Therapy. Chin J Integr Med 2024:10.1007/s11655-024-4105-x. [PMID: 38816637 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-024-4105-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of novel antitumor agents derived from natural plants is a principal objective of anticancer drug research. Frankincense, a widely recognized natural antitumor medicine, has undergone a systematic review encompassing its species, chemical constituents, and diverse pharmacological activities and mechanisms. The different species of frankincense include Boswellia serrata, Somali frankincense, Boswellia frereana, and Boswellia arabica. Various frankincense extracts and compounds exhibit antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties and antioxidation, memory enhancement, and immunological regulation capabilities. They also have comprehensive effects on regulating flora. Frankincense and its principal chemical constituents have demonstrated promising chemoprophylactic and therapeutic abilities against tumors. This review provides a systematic summary of the mechanism of action underlying the antitumor effects of frankincense and its major constituents, thus laying the foundations for developing effective tumor-combating targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Rong Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Andrology, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 41007, China
| | - Ying-Jing Dong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Xin-Ling He
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yu-Jia Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Qun-Fang Lin
- Department of Andrology, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 41007, China
| | - Xue-Fei Tian
- College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Transformation, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Andrology, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 41007, China.
- Hunan Sexual and Reproductive Health Clinical Medical Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410021, China.
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5
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Kaminski KP, Hoeng J, Goffman F, Schlage WK, Latino D. Opportunities, Challenges, and Scientific Progress in Hemp Crops. Molecules 2024; 29:2397. [PMID: 38792258 PMCID: PMC11124073 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The resurgence of cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) has been propelled by changes in the legal framework governing its cultivation and use, increased demand for hemp-derived products, and studies recognizing the industrial and health benefits of hemp. This has led to the creation of novel high-cannabidiol, low-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol varieties, enabling hemp crop expansion worldwide. This review elucidates the recent implications for hemp cultivation in Europe, with a focus on the legislative impacts on the cultivation practices, prospective breeding efforts, and dynamic scientific landscape surrounding this crop. We also review the current cultivars' cannabinoid composition of the European hemp market and its major differences with that of the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Hoeng
- Vectura Fertin Pharma, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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Yang JJ, Yu H, Wu K, He D, Zhang H, Cui ZX, Chai X, Duan X. Potential Anti-Gouty Arthritis of Citronella Essential Oil and Nutmeg Essential Oil through Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR Activation-Induced NLRP3 Activity. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400448. [PMID: 38498112 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Citronella and Nutmeg are two common spices used for seasoning and medicinal purposes, both of which have significant economic value. This study aimed to investigate whether Citronella essential oil and Nutmeg essential oil (NEO) can ameliorate monosodium urate (MSU)-induced gouty arthritis in rats and the potential mechanisms. The results showed that CEO and NEO reduced swelling and redness at joint sites, inhibited neutrophil infiltration, and limited proinflammatory mediator secretion in mice with MSU-induced gouty arthritis. Based on the results of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and western blotting, CEO and NEO may exert anti-gouty arthritis effects by reducing the expression of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress and downregulating the phosphorylation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the production of the NLRP3 inflammasome and inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, these two essential oils show potential for use as adjuvant treatments for gouty arthritis in specific aromatherapy products or food seasonings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Jin Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongpeng Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kegang Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dong He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Huadan Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Xiang Cui
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghua Chai
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejuan Duan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
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7
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Hedhili L. Ippia Alba Essential Oil: A Promising Complementary Therapy for Breast Cancer. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301510. [PMID: 38261655 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a pressing global health issue, spurring exploration into innovative therapies. This review focuses on Lippia alba (Mill.) essential oil's potential as a complementary breast cancer treatment. With growing interest in natural approaches, Lippia alba shows promise in breast cancer management. The review will explore Lippia alba's multifaceted role in treatment, highlighting its anticancer effects on breast cancer cells, potential synergy with conventional treatments, safety profiles, and existing clinical evidence. It will also address knowledge gaps, stressing the need for further research to unlock Lippia alba's full therapeutic potential in breast cancer therapy. In a field craving novel therapies, this review offers a timely analysis. Despite the lack of existing reviews on this topic, Lippia alba's significance cannot be understated. As research progresses, this article will be a valuable resource for researchers and healthcare practitioners seeking to augment breast cancer management through complementary therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lassaad Hedhili
- Chemistry Department, Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies, University of Monastir, Ibn Eljazzar Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
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8
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Jahanafrooz Z, Mousavi MMH, Akbarzadeh S, Hemmatzadeh M, Maggi F, Morshedloo MR. Anti-breast cancer activity of the essential oil from grapefruit mint (Mentha suaveolens × piperita). Fitoterapia 2024; 174:105875. [PMID: 38417678 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Grapefruit mint (Mentha suaveolens × piperita) is a hybrid, perennial, and aromatic plant widely cultivated all over the world and used in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries mostly for its valuable essential oil. Herein, we evaluated the anticancer activity of the grapefruit mint essential oil, cultivated in Iran. For the chemical composition analysis of essential oil, GC-MS was used. MTT assay was utilized for assessing the cytotoxic activity of the essential oil. The type of cell death was determined by annexin V/PI staining. Essential oil effect on the expression of maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), a regulatory lncRNA involved in cell growth, proliferation, and metastasis, was studied using qRT-PCR. Linalool (43.9%) and linalool acetate (40.1%) were identified as the dominant compounds of essential oil. Compared with MCF-7, the MDA-MB-231 cells were more sensitive to essential oil (IC50 = 7.6 μg/ml in MCF-7 and 5.9 μg/ml in MDA-MB-231 after 48 h). Essential oil induced cell death by apoptosis. Wound healing scratch assay confirmed the anti-invasive effect of essential oil. In addition, essential oil upregulated the tumor suppressor MEG3 in breast cancer cells. These results provide new insights into grapefruit mint essential oil potential application as an anticancer adjuvant in combination treatments for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Jahanafrooz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
| | | | - Soghra Akbarzadeh
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Maedeh Hemmatzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (ChIP) research center, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Mohammad Reza Morshedloo
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
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Baky MH, Elkenawy NM, El-Nashar HAS, Abib B, Farag MA. Comparison of autoclaving and γ-radiation impact on four spices aroma profiles and microbial load using HS-SPME GC-MS and chemometric tools. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5752. [PMID: 38459176 PMCID: PMC10923872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56422-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Herbal spices are widely consumed as food additives owing to their distinct aroma and taste as well as a myriad of economic and health value. The aroma profile of four major spices including bay leaf, black pepper, capsicum, and fennel was tested using HS-SPME/GC-MS and in response to the most widely used spices´ processing methods including autoclaving and γ-radiation at low and high doses. Additionally, the impact of processing on microbial contamination of spices was tested using total aerobic count. GC-MS analysis led to the identification of 22 volatiles in bay leaf, 34 in black pepper, 23 in capsicum, and 24 in fennel. All the identified volatiles belonged to oxides/phenols/ethers, esters, ketones, alcohols, sesquiterpene and monoterpene hydrocarbons. Oxides/phenol/ethers were detected at high levels in all tested spices at ca. 44, 28.2, 48.8, 61.1%, in bay leaves, black pepper, capsicum, and fennel, respectively of the total blend and signifying their typical use as spices. Total oxides/phenol/ethers showed an increase in bay leaf upon exposure to γ-radiation from 44 to 47.5%, while monoterpene hydrocarbons were enriched in black pepper upon autoclaving from 11.4 in control to reach 65.9 and 82.6% for high dose and low dose of autoclaving, respectively. Cineole was detected in bay leaf at 17.9% and upon exposure to autoclaving at high dose and γ-radiation (both doses) its level increased by 29-31%. Both autoclaving and γ-radiation distinctly affected aroma profiles in examined spices. Further, volatile variations in response to processing were assessed using multivariate data analysis (MVA) revealing distinct separation between autoclaved and γ-radiated samples compared to control. Both autoclaving at 115 °C for 15 min and radiation at 10 kGy eliminated detected bioburden in all tested spices i.e., reduced the microbial counts below the detection limit (< 10 cfu/g).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa H Baky
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr CityCairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Nora M Elkenawy
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center of Radiation and Research Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Nasr City, 11787, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba A S El-Nashar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bishoy Abib
- Chemistry Department, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
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10
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Li C, Jiang R, Wang X, Lv Z, Li W, Chen W. Feedback regulation of plant secondary metabolism: Applications and challenges. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 340:111983. [PMID: 38211735 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.111983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites offer resistance to invasion by herbivorous organisms, and are also useful in the chemical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and fragrance industries. There are numerous approaches to enhancing secondary metabolite yields. However, a growing number of studies has indicated that feedback regulation may be critical in regulating secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Here, we review examples of feedback regulation in secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways, phytohormone signal transduction, and complex deposition sites associated with secondary metabolite biosynthesis. We propose a new strategy to enhance secondary metabolite production based on plant feedback regulation. We also discuss challenges in feedback regulation that must be overcome before its application to enhancing secondary metabolite yields. This review discusses recent advances in the field and highlights a strategy to overcome feedback regulation-related obstacles and obtain high secondary metabolite yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuhan Li
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zongyou Lv
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wankui Li
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wansheng Chen
- Research and Development Center of Chinese Medicine Resources and Biotechnology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
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11
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Lu M, Pan J, Hu Y, Ding L, Li Y, Cui X, Zhang M, Zhang Z, Li C. Advances in the study of vascular related protective effect of garlic (Allium sativum) extract and compounds. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 124:109531. [PMID: 37984733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a functional food containing multiple bioactive compounds that find widespread applications in culinary and medicinal practices. It consists of multiple chemical components, including allicin and alliin. This article offers a comprehensive review of the protective effects of garlic extracts and their active constituents on the vascular system. In vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that garlic extracts and their active ingredients possess various bioactive properties. These substances demonstrate beneficial effects on blood vessels by demonstrating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, inhibiting lipid accumulation and migration, preventing lipid peroxidation, promoting angiogenesis, reducing platelet aggregation, enhancing endothelial function, and inhibiting endothelial cell apoptosis. In clinical studies, garlic and its extracts have demonstrated their efficacy in managing vascular system diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, and high cholesterol levels. In summary, these studies highlight the potential therapeutic roles and underlying mechanisms of garlic and its constituents in managing conditions like diabetes, atherosclerosis, ischemic diseases, and other vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengkai Lu
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jinyuan Pan
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanlong Hu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xinhai Cui
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Muxin Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Li
- Innovation Research Institute of traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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12
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Benmeddour T, Messaoudi K, Flamini G. First investigation of the chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial and larvicidal activities of the essential oil of the subspecies Ononis angustissima Lam. subsp. filifolia Murb. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38247329 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2305211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
This study is the first to explore the essential oil of Ononis angustissima Lam. subsp. filifolia Murb., a subspecies growing in the Algerian northeastern Sahara. The chemical composition was evaluated by GC/GC-EIMS. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using two methods. Thirty-four (91.6%) individual components were identified. The main constituents were linalool (12.6%), hexahydrofarnesylacetone (8.4%), β-eudesmol (6.6%), α-cadinol (6.4%) and T-cadinol (6.1%). The findings provide a chemical basis for understanding relationships between North African subspecies, supporting botanical and genetic classification. The oil exhibited moderate scavenging activity against DPPH radicals (IC50 = 102.30 µg/ml) and high activity in the β-carotene bleaching assay (91.346%). Antimicrobial tests revealed effectiveness against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and ATCC 43300), limited impact on Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922), and good inhibition against Aspergillus niger and Scedosporium apiospermum. A notable larvicidal activity was observed against Date Moth, particularly on L2 larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Benmeddour
- Department of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Biskra, Biskra, Algeria
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biotechnology and Valorization of Bioresources, University of Biskra, Algeria
| | - Khadidja Messaoudi
- Department of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Biskra, Biskra, Algeria
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biotechnology and Valorization of Bioresources, University of Biskra, Algeria
| | - Guido Flamini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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13
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Jasemi SV, Khazaei H, Morovati MR, Joshi T, Aneva IY, Farzaei MH, Echeverría J. Phytochemicals as treatment for allergic asthma: Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155149. [PMID: 37890444 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic asthma is an inflammatory disease caused by the immune system's reaction to allergens, inflammation and narrowing of the airways, and the production of more than normal mucus. One of the main reasons is an increased production of inflammatory cytokines in the lungs that leads to the appearance of symptoms of asthma, including inflammation and shortness of breath. On the other hand, it has been proven that phytochemicals with their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties can be useful in improving allergic asthma. PURPOSE Common chemical treatments for allergic asthma include corticosteroids, which have many side effects and temporarily relieve symptoms but are not a cure. Therefore, taking the help of natural compounds to improve the quality of life of asthmatic patients can be a valuable issue that has been evaluated in the present review. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In this study, three databases (Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane) with the keywords: allergic asthma, phytochemical, plant, and herb were evaluated. The primary result was 5307 articles. Non-English, repetitive, and review articles were deleted from the study. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Finally, after carefully reading the articles, 102 were included in the study (2006-2022). The results of this review state that phytochemicals suppress the inflammatory pathways via inhibition of inflammatory cytokines production/secretion, genes, and proteins involved in the inflammation process, reducing oxidative stress indicators and symptoms of allergic asthma, such as cough and mucus production in the lungs. CONCLUSION With their antioxidant effects, this study concluded that phytochemicals suppress cytokines and other inflammatory indicators and thus can be considered an adjunctive treatment for improving allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Vahid Jasemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Hosna Khazaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Morovati
- Persian Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714869914, Iran
| | - Tanuj Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhimtal, Kumaun University (Nainital), Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ina Yosifova Aneva
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Koriem KMM, El-Qady SWB. Linalool attenuates hypothalamus proteome disturbance facilitated by methamphetamine induced neurotoxicity in rats. Neurotoxicology 2023; 99:70-81. [PMID: 37729970 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most powerful stimulants of the central nervous system is methamphetamine (METH). Linalool has a neuroprotective effect against ischemia injury by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. The present study investigated whether linalool can reverse the hypothalamus neurotoxicity and proteome disturbance in METH-treated rats. BRIEF METHOD A total of 36 male albino rats were split into two equal groups (normal and METH-treated). Three equal subgroups of normal rats were created; Control, Linalool (25 mg/kg), and Linalool (50 mg/kg); Normal rats were given daily oral doses of 1 ml of distilled water, 25 mg/kg linalool, and 50 mg/kg of linalool, respectively. METH groups were divided into 3 equal subgroups; METH-treated rats, Linalool (25 mg/kg)+METH-treated, and Linalool (50 mg/kg)+METH-treated subgroups; METH-treated rats received daily and oral doses of 1 ml distilled water, 25 mg/kg linalool, and 50 mg/kg of linalool, respectively. RESULTS According to the data obtained, METH caused a decrease of the sucrose preference test, travel distance test, and center square entries test, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, NADPH oxidase, interleukin-10 but a rise in the center square duration test, tail suspension test, and forced swimming test, malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, oxidative index, serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, γ-aminobutyric acid, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 levels. When compared to the control group, rats treated with METH had lower sodium/potassium ATPase activity and missing of prothrombin, fibrinogen, and ceruloplasmin protein bands in the hypothalamus. In METH-treated rats, daily and oral co-administration with linalool brought all these parameters back to values that were close to control. SIGNIFICANCE According to obtained data, linalool could protect the hypothalamus against METH-induced neurotoxicity and proteome disturbance probably by modifying oxidative stress, neurotransmitters, inflammation, sodium/potassium-ATPase activity, proteome disturbance, and tissue histology in METH-treated rats where higher dose of linalool was more efficient than lower dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled M M Koriem
- Medical Physiology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Sara W B El-Qady
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Tamilmani P, Sathibabu Uddandrao VV, Chandrasekaran P, Saravanan G, Brahma Naidu P, Sengottuvelu S, Vadivukkarasi S. Linalool attenuates lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease via Sirt1/Akt/PPRA-α/AMPK and Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathways. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2023; 47:102231. [PMID: 37865226 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2023.102231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Linalool is a monoterpene that occurs naturally in various aromatic plants and is identified in our previous study as a potential candidate for protection against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, little is known about its direct effects on hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of linalool against MASLD and the underlying mechanism. METHODS To establish a rat model of MASLD, male Wistar rats were fed HFD for 16 weeks and orally administered linalool (100 mg/kg body weight) for 45 days starting from week 14. RESULTS Linalool significantly reduced HFD-induced liver lipid accumulation and restored altered adipokine levels. Mechanistically, linalool downregulated the mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 and its lipogenesis target genes fatty acid synthase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and upregulated the mRNA expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha [PPAR-α], lipoprotein lipase and protein kinase B [Akt]) as well as the upstream mediators sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the liver of MASLD rats. In addition, linalool also curbed oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant enzymes and activating nuclear erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and its downstream target genes involved in antioxidant properties. CONCLUSION Therefore, this study concludes that linalool attenuates lipid accumulation in the liver by inhibiting de novo lipogenesis, promoting fatty acid oxidation, and attenuating oxidative stress by regulating Sirt1/Akt/PPRA-α/AMPK and Nrf-2/ HO-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Tamilmani
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Namakkal District, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu 637215, India; Department of Biochemistry, PGP College of Arts and Science, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu 637207, India; Department of Biochemistry, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram, Tamil Nadu 637408, India
| | - V V Sathibabu Uddandrao
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Namakkal District, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu 637215, India
| | - P Chandrasekaran
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Namakkal District, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu 637215, India
| | - G Saravanan
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Namakkal District, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu 637215, India
| | - Parim Brahma Naidu
- Animal Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, ICMR-National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research (ICMR-NARFBR), Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - S Sengottuvelu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nandha College of Pharmacy, Erode, Tamil Nadu 638052, India
| | - S Vadivukkarasi
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Namakkal District, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu 637215, India.
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Singh S, Kulshrestha MR, Pathak AK, Srivastava S, Singh A, Tiwari V. Transfluthrin is Associated with High Susceptibility to Asthma in Children with Promoter Variants of Beta Chain of High-Affinity Receptor IgE and Tumour Necrosis Factors-α Genes. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-023-10555-x. [PMID: 37980703 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10555-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the genetic variations in FcεR1β-109 C/T (rs512555) and TNF-α-308 G/A (rs1800629) genes and examines whether the mosquito repellent transfluthrin (TFT) modifies the risk for asthmatic children. A case-control study was conducted involving 130 asthmatic children and 123 age-sex matched controls. Differential leukocyte counts, IgE, and hs-CRP levels were estimated using a five-part haematology analyzer and Beckman Coulter (AU480), respectively. Genetic variations in FcεR1β-109 and TNF-α-308 were analysed using restriction fragment length polymorphism. Serum TFT levels were measured using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Asthmatic children had significantly increased total leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, and basophil counts (p < 0.0001), while their monocyte counts were lower compared to controls (p < 0.0001). TFT levels were higher in asthmatic children (1.38 ± 0.91 vs. control 0.69 ± 0.41µg/L, p < 0.0001), which predominantly induced wheezing. Elevated TFT levels were associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma (OR: 3.08, p < 0.0001). Children with the FcεRIβ TT (OR: 2.39, p < 0.017) and TNF-α GG genotypes (OR: 7.17, p < 0.0001) were more susceptible to asthma. TFT synergistically enhanced the risk of asthma in both FcεRIβ-109 TT (OR: 5.3, p = 0.001) and TNF-α-308 GG (OR: 17.18, p < 0.0001) genotypes. TFT levels were correlated with IgE (r = 0.363; p = 0.006), hs-CRP (r = 0.324; p = 0.049) and eosinophil (r = 0.300; p = 0.038), respectively. IgE and eosinophils were correlated (r = 0.599, p = 0.001) in the FcεRIβ TT genotype-carrying asthmatic children. Similarly, neutrophils and hs-CRP were correlated (r = 0.768, p < 0.0001) in asthmatic children with TNF-α GG genotype. The risk of asthma is inherently higher in children with FcεRIβ TT and TNF-α GG variants. TFT exposure amplifies the risk of asthma in children among all the subgenotypes of both genes. TFT influences IgE and eosinophil in FcεRIβ TT genotype while it influences neutrophils and hs-CRP in TNF-α GG genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226028, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Manish Raj Kulshrestha
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Anumesh K Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Shetanshu Srivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India
| | - Aditi Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226028, India
| | - Vandana Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India.
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Makabenta JMV, Nabawy A, Chattopadhyay AN, Park J, Li CH, Goswami R, Luther DC, Huang R, Hassan MA, Rotello VM. Antimicrobial-loaded biodegradable nanoemulsions for efficient clearance of intracellular pathogens in bacterial peritonitis. Biomaterials 2023; 302:122344. [PMID: 37857021 PMCID: PMC10872928 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular pathogenic bacteria use immune cells as hosts for bacterial replication and reinfection, leading to challenging systemic infections including peritonitis. The spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and the added barrier presented by host cell internalization limit the efficacy of standard antibiotic therapies for treating intracellular infections. We present a non-antibiotic strategy to treat intracellular infections. Antimicrobial phytochemicals were stabilized and delivered by polymer-stabilized biodegradable nanoemulsions (BNEs). BNEs were fabricated using different phytochemicals, with eugenol-loaded BNEs (E-BNEs) affording the best combination of antimicrobial efficacy, macrophage accumulation, and biocompatibility. The positively-charged polymer groups of the E-BNEs bind to the cell surface of macrophages, facilitating the entry of eugenol that then kills the intracellular bacteria without harming the host cells. Confocal imaging and flow cytometry confirmed that this entry occurred mainly via cholesterol-dependent membrane fusion. As eugenol co-localized and interacted with intracellular bacteria, antibacterial efficacy was maintained. E-BNEs reversed the immunosuppressive effects of MRSA on macrophages. Notably, E-BNEs did not elicit resistance selection after multiple exposures of MRSA to sub-therapeutic doses. The E-BNEs were highly effective against a murine model of MRSA-induced peritonitis with better bacterial clearance (99 % bacteria reduction) compared to clinically-employed treatment with vancomycin. Overall, these findings demonstrate the potential of E-BNEs in treating peritonitis and other refractory intracellular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessa Marie V Makabenta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Ahmed Nabawy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Aritra Nath Chattopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Jungmi Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Cheng-Hsuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Ritabrita Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - David C Luther
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Muhammad Aamir Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States.
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18
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Burcher JT, DeLiberto LK, Allen AM, Kilpatrick KL, Bishayee A. Bioactive phytocompounds for oral cancer prevention and treatment: A comprehensive and critical evaluation. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:2025-2085. [PMID: 37143373 DOI: 10.1002/med.21969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The high incidence of oral cancer combined with excessive treatment cost underscores the need for novel oral cancer preventive and therapeutic options. The value of natural agents, including plant secondary metabolites (phytochemicals), in preventing carcinogenesis and representing expansive source of anticancer drugs have been established. While fragmentary research data are available on antioral cancer effects of phytochemicals, a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the potential of these agents for the prevention and intervention of human oral malignancies has not been conducted according to our knowledge. This study presents a complete and critical analysis of current preclinical and clinical results on the prevention and treatment of oral cancer using phytochemicals. Our in-depth analysis highlights anticancer effects of various phytochemicals, such as phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, and sulfur-containing compounds, against numerous oral cancer cells and/or in vivo oral cancer models by antiproliferative, proapoptotic, cell cycle-regulatory, antiinvasive, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic effects. Bioactive phytochemicals exert their antineoplastic effects by modulating various signaling pathways, specifically involving the epidermal growth factor receptor, cytokine receptors, toll-like receptors, and tumor necrosis factor receptor and consequently alter the expression of downstream genes and proteins. Interestingly, phytochemicals demonstrate encouraging effects in clinical trials, such as reduction of oral lesion size, cell growth, pain score, and development of new lesions. While most phytochemicals displayed minimal toxicity, concerns with bioavailability may limit their clinical application. Future directions for research include more in-depth mechanistic in vivo studies, administration of phytochemicals using novel formulations, investigation of phytocompounds as adjuvants to conventional treatment, and randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack T Burcher
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Lindsay K DeLiberto
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Andrea M Allen
- School of Dental Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Kaitlyn L Kilpatrick
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
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Wen H, Yang T, Yang W, Yang M, Wang Y, Zhang J. Comparison of Metabolites and Species Classification of Thirteen Zingiberaceae Spices Based on GC-MS and Multi-Spectral Fusion Technology. Foods 2023; 12:3714. [PMID: 37893607 PMCID: PMC10606731 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to a similar plant morphology in the majority of Zingiberaceae spices, substitution and adulteration frequently take place during the sales process. Therefore, it is important to analyze the metabolites and species classification of different Zingiberaceae spices. This study preliminarily explored the differences in the metabolites in thirteen Zingiberaceae spices through untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and combined spectroscopy, establishing models for classifying different Zingiberaceae spices. On one hand, a total of 81 metabolites were successfully identified by GC-MS. Thirty-seven differential metabolites were screened using variable important in projection (VIP ≥ 1). However, the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model established using GC-MS data only explained about 30% of the variation. On the other hand, the partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models with three spectral data fusion strategies were compared, and their classification accuracy reached 100%. Among them, the mid-level data fusion model based on latent variables had the best performance. This study provides a powerful tool for distinguishing different Zingiberaceae spices and assists in reducing the occurrence of substitution and adulteration phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wen
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China; (H.W.); (T.Y.); (W.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.W.)
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Tianmei Yang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China; (H.W.); (T.Y.); (W.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Weize Yang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China; (H.W.); (T.Y.); (W.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Meiquan Yang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China; (H.W.); (T.Y.); (W.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yuanzhong Wang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China; (H.W.); (T.Y.); (W.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China; (H.W.); (T.Y.); (W.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.W.)
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Nomura K, Nakayama M, Okizaki A. Benefits of basil tea for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer during radioiodine therapy: A randomized controlled trial. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20691. [PMID: 37829808 PMCID: PMC10565770 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute sialadenitis is one of the major physical complications of radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). It is considered necessary to pay attention to the psychological impact on the patient as well as the physical influence during RAIT. Objective To find evidence of the benefits of Basil tea on the psychological and physical side effects of RAIT. Methods Forty-four DTC patients after total thyroidectomy were randomly divided into Group A (Basil tea group, n = 22) and Group B (Control group, n = 22). Subjects in Group A drank 180 mL of Basil tea prepared from 2.0 g of Holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum Linn.) leaves after each meal for four days, starting on the day RAIT was performed. Those in Group B drank the same amount of distilled water after each meal for the same period as those in Group A. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to assess anxiety, while the saliva component test, and salivary gland scintigraphy were used to assess the oral cavity. Results The rate of change of the STAI score (both State Anxiety and Trait Anxiety) was significantly lower in Group A than in Group B (P < 0.05). The rates of change of cariogenic bacteria, ammonia, protein, and occult blood were significantly lower in Group A than in Group B (P < 0.05). The rate of change of the washout ratio for salivary gland scintigraphy was significantly lower in Group B than in Group A (P < 0.05). Conclusions Basil tea consumption not only protected against oral mucosal conditions and salivary gland disorders but also significantly relieved the patient's RAIT-related anxiety. Therefore, it was suggested that this tea could be useful for the maintenance of patients' QOL during RAIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Nomura
- Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Atsutaka Okizaki
- Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Hokkaido, Japan
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Wu S, Yin J, Li X, Xie J, Ding H, Han L, Bie S, Li F, Zhu B, Kang L, Song X, Yu H, Li Z. An Exploration of Dynamic Changes in the Mulberry Growth Process Based on UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS, HS-SPME-GC-MS, and HS-GC-IMS. Foods 2023; 12:3335. [PMID: 37761044 PMCID: PMC10529768 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This work was designed to investigate the dynamic changes process of non-volatile organic compounds (n-VOCs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in mulberries during different growth periods using UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS, HS-SPME-GC-MS, and HS-GC-IMS. A total of 166 compounds were identified, including 68 n-VOCs and 98 VOCs. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA), random forest analysis (RFA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to analyze differences in mulberries at different ripening stages. A total of 74 compounds appeared or disappeared at different ripening periods and 24 compounds were presented throughout the growth process. Quantitative analysis and antioxidant experiments revealed that as the mulberries continued to mature, flavonoids and phenolic acids continued to increase, and the best antioxidant activity occurred from stage IV. Conclusively, an effective strategy was established for analyzing the composition change process during different growth periods, which could assist in achieving dynamic change process analysis and quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufang Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (S.W.); (J.Y.); (X.L.); (J.X.); (H.D.); (S.B.); (F.L.); (B.Z.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
| | - Jiaxin Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (S.W.); (J.Y.); (X.L.); (J.X.); (H.D.); (S.B.); (F.L.); (B.Z.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
| | - Xuejuan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (S.W.); (J.Y.); (X.L.); (J.X.); (H.D.); (S.B.); (F.L.); (B.Z.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
| | - Jingyi Xie
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (S.W.); (J.Y.); (X.L.); (J.X.); (H.D.); (S.B.); (F.L.); (B.Z.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
| | - Hui Ding
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (S.W.); (J.Y.); (X.L.); (J.X.); (H.D.); (S.B.); (F.L.); (B.Z.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
| | - Lifeng Han
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Songtao Bie
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (S.W.); (J.Y.); (X.L.); (J.X.); (H.D.); (S.B.); (F.L.); (B.Z.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Fangyi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (S.W.); (J.Y.); (X.L.); (J.X.); (H.D.); (S.B.); (F.L.); (B.Z.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Beibei Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (S.W.); (J.Y.); (X.L.); (J.X.); (H.D.); (S.B.); (F.L.); (B.Z.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Liping Kang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;
| | - Xinbo Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (S.W.); (J.Y.); (X.L.); (J.X.); (H.D.); (S.B.); (F.L.); (B.Z.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Heshui Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (S.W.); (J.Y.); (X.L.); (J.X.); (H.D.); (S.B.); (F.L.); (B.Z.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; (S.W.); (J.Y.); (X.L.); (J.X.); (H.D.); (S.B.); (F.L.); (B.Z.); (X.S.); (Z.L.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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22
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Barhoumi A, Ryachi K, Belghiti ME, Chafi M, Tounsi A, Syed A, Idrissi ME, Wong LS, Zeroual A. Chromatography Scrutiny, Molecular Docking, Clarifying the Selectivities and the Mechanism of [3 + 2] Cycloloaddition Reaction between Linallol and Chlorobenzene-Nitrile-oxide. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03411-z. [PMID: 37668770 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03411-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Employing the Molecular Electron Density Theory, [3 + 2] cycloaddition processes between 4-chlorobenzenenitrileoxide and linalool, have been applied using the DFT/B3LYP/6-311(d,p) method, activation, reaction energies and the reactivity indices are calculated. In an investigation of conceptual DFT indices, LIL-1 will contribute to this reaction as a nucleophile, whilst NOX-2 will participate as an electrophile. This cyclization is regio, chemo and stereospecific, as demonstrated by the reaction and activation energies, in clear agreement with the experiment's results, in addition, ELF analysis revealed that the mechanism for this cycloaddition occurs in two steps. Furthermore, a docking study was conducted on the products studied, and the interaction with the protein protease COVID-19 (PDB ID: 6LU7), our results indicate that the presence of the -OH group increases the affinity of these products, moreover, adsorption study by chromatography was made on silica gel as support; our outcome reveals that the -OH group creates an intramolecular hydrogen bond in the product P2, while in the product P3 will create a hydrogen bond with the silica gel which makes the two products P2 and P3 are very easy to separate by chromatography, this result is in excellent agreement with the Rf retention value. The study might provide a fundamental for developing natural anti-viral compound in promoting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Barhoumi
- Molecular Modelling and Spectroscopy Research Team, Faculty of Science, Chouaïb Doukkali University, P.O. Box 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Kamal Ryachi
- Agro-Industrial, Environmental and Ecological Processes Team, Faculty of Science and Techniques of Beni Mellal, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Elalaoui Belghiti
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials, Ben M'Sick Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
- Laboratory of Nernest Technology, 163 Willington Street, Sherbrooke, QC J1H5C7, Canada
| | - Mohammed Chafi
- LIPE, Higher School of Technology, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdessamad Tounsi
- Agro-Industrial, Environmental and Ecological Processes Team, Faculty of Science and Techniques of Beni Mellal, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed El Idrissi
- Team of Chemical Processes and Applied Materials, Faculty Polydisciplinary, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni-Mellal, Morocco.
| | - Ling Shing Wong
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Putra Nilai, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Abdellah Zeroual
- Molecular Modelling and Spectroscopy Research Team, Faculty of Science, Chouaïb Doukkali University, P.O. Box 20, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco
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23
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Rinaldi S, Pieper E, Schulz T, Zimmermann R, Luch A, Laux P, Mallock-Ohnesorg N. Oral nicotine pouches with an aftertaste? Part 2: in vitro toxicity in human gingival fibroblasts. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2343-2356. [PMID: 37482550 PMCID: PMC10404181 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03554-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine pouches contain fewer characteristic toxicants than conventional tobacco products. However, the associated risks in terms of toxicity and addiction potential are still unclear. Therefore, endpoints of toxicity and contents of flavoring substances were investigated in this study. The in vitro toxicity of five different nicotine pouches and the reference snus CRP1.1 were studied in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1). Cells were exposed to product extracts (nicotine contents: 0.03-1.34 mg/mL) and sampled at different time points. Cytotoxicity, total cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and changes in the expression levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress genes were assessed. Flavor compounds used in the nicotine pouches were identified by GC-MS. Cytotoxicity was observed in two nicotine pouches. Gene expression of interleukin 6 (IL6) and heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) was upregulated by one and three pouches, respectively. ROS production was either increased or decreased, by one pouch each. CRP1.1 caused an upregulation of IL6 and elevated ROS production. Toxicity was not directly dependent on nicotine concentration and osmolarity. A total of 56 flavorings were detected in the five nicotine pouches. Seven flavorings were classified according to the harmonized hazard classification system as laid down in the European Classification, Labelling and Packaging regulation. Nine flavorings are known cytotoxins. Cytotoxicity, inflammation, and oxidative stress responses indicate that adverse effects such as local lesions in the buccal mucosa may occur after chronic product use. In conclusion, flavorings used in nicotine pouches likely contribute to the toxicity of nicotine pouches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Rinaldi
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589, Berlin, Germany.
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, University of Rostock, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Elke Pieper
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Schulz
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Zimmermann
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre, University of Rostock, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Laux
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadja Mallock-Ohnesorg
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589, Berlin, Germany
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24
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Said AA, Reda RM, Metwally MMM, Abd El-Hady HM. Therapeutic efficacy of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) enriched diets in Oreochromis niloticus: effect on hepatic-renal functions, the antioxidant-immune response and resistance to Aeromonas veronii. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2023; 49:687-709. [PMID: 37438674 PMCID: PMC10415512 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01220-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of Coriandrum sativum to control Aeromonas veronii infection in Oreochromis niloticus were determined. Coriandrum sativum extract (CE) was tested in vitro against A. veronii by the disc diffusion assay. In in vivo, 150 O. niloticus (from El-Abbassa, Sharkia, Egypt, weighing 34.95 ± 1.98 g) was distributed in five groups (with three replications) in glass aquariums (80 × 40 × 30 cm). The first group (control) was intraperitoneally injected with 0.2 ml of sterilized tryptic soya broth. Groups 2-5 were intraperitoneally challenged with 0.2 ml of A. veronii (4.3 × 106). The five groups were administered a basal diet until clinical signs appeared, and then therapeutic feeding (15 days) was followed: the first (CONT) and second (AV) groups were administered a normal basal diet. The third (AV+CP) and fourth (AV+CE) groups were administered diets supplemented with C. sativum powder and extract, respectively, each at 30 mg/kg. The fifth group (AV+OT) was administered a diet supplemented with oxytetracycline at 500 mg/kg diet. The results of the in vitro experiment revealed that CE has a zone of inhibition of 43 mm against A. veronii. The in vivo results showed that fish administered a therapeutic diet supplemented with CE showed a significant improvement in hematological, biochemical, and immunological parameters, as well as antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05) and the pathological findings of the liver and kidney tissues. The current findings supported that the administration of a CE-enriched diet (30 mg/kg) is an eco-friendly strategy for controlling A. veronii in O. niloticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdou Said
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Rasha M Reda
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Heba M Abd El-Hady
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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25
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Bappi MH, Prottay AAS, Kamli H, Sonia FA, Mia MN, Akbor MS, Hossen MM, Awadallah S, Mubarak MS, Islam MT. Quercetin Antagonizes the Sedative Effects of Linalool, Possibly through the GABAergic Interaction Pathway. Molecules 2023; 28:5616. [PMID: 37513487 PMCID: PMC10384931 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sedatives promote calmness or sleepiness during surgery or severely stressful events. In addition, depression is a mental health issue that negatively affects emotional well-being. A group of drugs called anti-depressants is used to treat major depressive illnesses. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effects of quercetin (QUR) and linalool (LIN) on thiopental sodium (TS)-induced sleeping mice and to investigate the combined effects of these compounds using a conventional co-treatment strategy and in silico studies. For this, the TS-induced sleeping mice were monitored to compare the occurrence, latency, and duration of the sleep-in response to QUR (10, 25, 50 mg/kg), LIN (10, 25, 50 mg/kg), and diazepam (DZP, 3 mg/kg, i.p.). Moreover, an in silico investigation was undertaken to assess this study's putative modulatory sedation mechanism. For this, we observed the ability of test and standard medications to interact with various gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor (GABAA) subunits. Results revealed that QUR and LIN cause dose-dependent antidepressant-like and sedative-like effects in animals, respectively. In addition, QUR-50 mg/kg and LIN-50 mg/kg and/or DZP-3 mg/kg combined were associated with an increased latency period and reduced sleeping times in animals. Results of the in silico studies demonstrated that QUR has better binding interaction with GABAA α3, β1, and γ2 subunits when compared with DZP, whereas LIN showed moderate affinity with the GABAA receptor. Taken together, the sleep duration of LIN and DZP is opposed by QUR in TS-induced sleeping mice, suggesting that QUR may be responsible for providing sedation-antagonizing effects through the GABAergic interaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehedi Hasan Bappi
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Shamsh Prottay
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Hossam Kamli
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatema Akter Sonia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nayem Mia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Showkoth Akbor
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Munnaf Hossen
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Samir Awadallah
- Department of Medical Lab Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | | | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
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Tarasova EV, Luchnikova NA, Grishko VV, Ivshina IB. Actinomycetes as Producers of Biologically Active Terpenoids: Current Trends and Patents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:872. [PMID: 37375819 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Terpenes and their derivatives (terpenoids and meroterpenoids, in particular) constitute the largest class of natural compounds, which have valuable biological activities and are promising therapeutic agents. The present review assesses the biosynthetic capabilities of actinomycetes to produce various terpene derivatives; reports the main methodological approaches to searching for new terpenes and their derivatives; identifies the most active terpene producers among actinomycetes; and describes the chemical diversity and biological properties of the obtained compounds. Among terpene derivatives isolated from actinomycetes, compounds with pronounced antifungal, antiviral, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and other effects were determined. Actinomycete-produced terpenoids and meroterpenoids with high antimicrobial activity are of interest as a source of novel antibiotics effective against drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Most of the discovered terpene derivatives are produced by the genus Streptomyces; however, recent publications have reported terpene biosynthesis by members of the genera Actinomadura, Allokutzneria, Amycolatopsis, Kitasatosporia, Micromonospora, Nocardiopsis, Salinispora, Verrucosispora, etc. It should be noted that the use of genetically modified actinomycetes is an effective tool for studying and regulating terpenes, as well as increasing productivity of terpene biosynthesis in comparison with native producers. The review includes research articles on terpene biosynthesis by Actinomycetes between 2000 and 2022, and a patent analysis in this area shows current trends and actual research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina V Tarasova
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Natalia A Luchnikova
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Victoria V Grishko
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Irina B Ivshina
- Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13A Lenina Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State University, 15 Bukirev Str., 614990 Perm, Russia
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27
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Duan WY, Zhang SB, Lei JD, Qin YL, Li YN, Lv YY, Zhai HC, Cai JP, Hu YS. Protection of postharvest grains from fungal spoilage by biogenic volatiles. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:3375-3390. [PMID: 37115251 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12536-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Fungal spoilage of postharvest grains poses serious problems with respect to food safety, human health, and the economic value of grains. The protection of cereal grains from deleterious fungi is a critical aim in postharvest grain management. Considering the bulk volume of grain piles in warehouses or bins and food safety, fumigation with natural gaseous fungicides is a promising strategy to control fungal contamination on postharvest grains. Increasing research has focused on the antifungal properties of biogenic volatiles. This review summarizes the literature related to the effects of biogenic volatiles from microbes and plants on spoilage fungi on postharvest grains and highlights the underlying antifungal mechanisms. Key areas for additional research on fumigation with biogenic volatiles in postharvest grains are noted. The research described in this review supports the protective effects of biogenic volatiles against grain spoilage by fungi, providing a basis for their expanded application in the management of postharvest grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yan Duan
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai-Bing Zhang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun-Dong Lei
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Liang Qin
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Nan Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yong Lv
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan-Chen Zhai
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ping Cai
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Sen Hu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, 100 Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
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28
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Azırak S, Özgöçmen M. Linalool prevents kidney damage by inhibiting rifampicin-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102097. [PMID: 37104973 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Today, kidney diseases are increasing day by day and life quality is decreasing. In hospitalized patients of all ages, acute kidney injury (AKI) is commonly observed and associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Rifampicin (RF) or rifampin is an antibiotic drug from the rifamycin group with a bactericidal effect. RF causes acute kidney injury, often anemia, thrombocytopenia, liver damage and side effect such as cell death. RF causes tissue damage by means of oxidative stress and apoptosis. Thus, in this study, it was examined whether linalool (LN) which had antinociceptive, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, was beneficial for kidney damage in order to eliminate the side effects of RF. NGAL mRNA, creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Caspase 9 (CAS-9) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) levels increased in the group treated with RF compared to the control group, while the levels of albumin, uric acid and total protein were decreased in the RF-treated group. NGAL mRNA, BUN, Cr, CAS-9 and NF-κB levels decreased significantly in RF+LN administered rats, while it was observed that there was an increase in the levels of albumin, uric acid and total protein. From the results obtained, it was observed that LN was determined to be very effective in preventing tissue damage in kidneys caused by oxidative stress by RF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebile Azırak
- Vocational School of Health Services, University of Adıyaman, Adıyaman, Turkey.
| | - Meltem Özgöçmen
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Isparta, Turkey
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29
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Mahmoud MF, Ali N, Mahdi I, Mouhtady O, Mostafa I, El-Shazly AM, Abdelfattah MA, Hasan RA, Sobeh M. Coriander essential oil attenuates dexamethasone-induced acute liver injury through potentiating Nrf2/HO-1 and ameliorating apoptotic signaling. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
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30
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Global metabolic rewiring of the nonconventional yeast Ogataea polymorpha for biosynthesis of the sesquiterpenoid β-elemene. Metab Eng 2023; 76:225-231. [PMID: 36828231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Bioproduction of natural products via microbial cell factories is a promising alternative to traditional plant extraction. Recently, nonconventional microorganisms have emerged as attractive chassis hosts for biomanufacturing. One such microorganism, Ogataea polymorpha is an industrial yeast used for protein expression with numerous advantages, such as thermal-tolerance, a wide substrate spectrum and high-density fermentation. Here, we systematically rewired the cellular metabolism of O. polymorpha to achieve high-level production of the sesquiterpenoid β-elemene by optimizing the mevalonate pathway, enhancing the supply of NADPH and acetyl-CoA, and downregulating competitive pathways. The engineered strain produced 509 mg/L and 4.7 g/L of β-elemene under batch and fed-batch fermentation, respectively. Therefore, this study identified the potential industrial application of O. polymorpha as a good microbial platform for producing sesquiterpenoids.
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31
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Nowacka M, Kowalewska A, Rygala A, Kregiel D, Kaczorowski W. Hybrid Bio-Based Silicone Coatings with Anti-adhesive Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1381. [PMID: 36837011 PMCID: PMC9961570 DOI: 10.3390/ma16041381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid polysiloxanes and polysilsesquioxanes grafted with naturally occurring bioactive phytochemicals: eugenol and linalool, were synthesized and investigated with regard to their structure and properties. The two series of materials, differing in the type of inorganic structure and the content of active groups, were coated onto the surface of glass plates, and their antibiofilm activities against bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila were assessed by luminometry and fluorescence microscopy. Bioactivity was correlated with specific properties of the hybrid coatings (chemical structure, surface free energy and adhesiveness). The functionalized polysilsesquioxanes exhibited the most favorable anti-adhesive effects. Cell adhesion after 6 days of incubation, expressed as RLU/cm2, was significantly reduced (44 and 67 for, respectively, Z-E-100 and Z-L-100, compared to 517 for the control glass carrier). The surface stickiness of polysiloxane films deteriorated their anti-adhesion properties, despite the presence of a large amount of bioactive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nowacka
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Anna Kowalewska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland
| | - Anna Rygala
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska 171/173, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Dorota Kregiel
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska 171/173, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Witold Kaczorowski
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 1/15, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
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Corrêa PG, Moura LGS, Amaral ACF, Almeida MMHD, Souza FDCDA, Aguiar JPL, Aleluia RL, Silva JRDA. Evaluation of the Amazonian fruit Ambelania acida: Chemical and nutritional studies. J Food Sci 2023; 88:757-771. [PMID: 36633002 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ambelania acida is native to the Amazon region, with few published studies of its fruits. We examined the proximate composition of its fruits, including minerals, fatty acids, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), as well as its antioxidant capacity. The protein contents (2.61%) of the pulp and seeds (13.6%) were higher than observed in other taxa of the family or in other tropical fruits. Peel and pulp showed high contents of potassium, calcium, and magnesium, and the potassium content in the pulp was 1125 mg/100 g. The peel had higher contents of total phenolics, tannins, and ortho-diphenols than the pulp, as well as better antioxidant activity as evidenced by 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and Fe2+ chelating activity assays. GC-MS analyses identified 42 VOCs in the peel and pulp, with more than 90% being classified as terpenes. Eleven types of fatty acids were identified in the lipid fractions of the peel, pulp, and seeds. Linoleic acid, an essential fatty acid for humans, was the principal fatty acid in the edible portion of the fruit, therefore, evidencing its nutritionally significant profile for the fruits when considering the relationship among polyunsaturated, saturated, and monounsaturated fatty acids. The information gathered here indicates that this native fruit is a healthy food source and its cultivation and consumption should be stimulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pollyane Gomes Corrêa
- Chromatography Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Claudia Fernandes Amaral
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plants and Derivatives, Department of Chemistry of Natural Products, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maíra Martins H de Almeida
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plants and Derivatives, Department of Chemistry of Natural Products, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Francisca das Chagas do Amaral Souza
- Brazilian National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Coordination Society of Environment and Health (COSAS) and Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Food (LFQA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Jaime Paiva Lopes Aguiar
- Brazilian National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Coordination Society of Environment and Health (COSAS) and Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Food (LFQA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Renê Lemos Aleluia
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
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Essential Oil from Coriandrum sativum: A review on Its Phytochemistry and Biological Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020696. [PMID: 36677754 PMCID: PMC9864992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils are hydrophobic liquids produced as secondary metabolites by specialized secretory tissues in the leaves, seeds, flowers, bark and wood of the plant, and they play an important ecological role in plants. Essential oils have been used in various traditional healing systems due to their pharmaceutical properties, and are reported to be a suitable replacement for chemical and synthetic drugs that come with adverse side effects. Thus, currently, various plant sources for essential oil production have been explored. Coriander essential oil, obtained from the leaf and seed oil of Coriandrum sativum, has been reported to have various biological activities. Apart from its application in food preservation, the oil has many pharmacological properties, including allelopathic properties. The present review discusses the phytochemical composition of the seed and leaf oil of coriander and the variation of the essential oil across various germplasms, accessions, at different growth stages and across various regions. Furthermore, the study explores various extraction and quantification methods for coriander essential oils. The study also provides detailed information on various pharmacological properties of essential oils, such as antimicrobial, anthelmintic, insecticidal, allelopathic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticonvulsive, antidepressant, and hepatoprotective properties, as well as playing a major role in maintaining good digestive health. Coriander essential oil is one of the most promising alternatives in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Li X, Wang Q, Li H, Wang X, Zhang R, Yang X, Jiang Q, Shi Q. Revealing the Mechanisms for Linalool Antifungal Activity against Fusarium oxysporum and Its Efficient Control of Fusarium Wilt in Tomato Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010458. [PMID: 36613902 PMCID: PMC9820380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (Forl) is a destructive soil-borne phytopathogenic fungus that causes Fusarium crown and root rot (FCRR) of tomato, leading to considerable field yield losses. In this study, we explored the antifungal capability of linalool, a natural plant volatile organic component, against Forl and its role in controlling FCRR symptoms in tomatoes. Our results showed that Forl mycelial growth was inhibited by the linalool treatment and that the linalool treatment damaged cell membrane integrity, enhanced reactive oxygen species levels, depleted glutathione, and reduced the activities of many antioxidant enzymes in Forl. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses demonstrated that linalool also downregulated metabolic biosynthetic pathways at the transcript and protein levels, including redox, transporter activity, and carbohydrate metabolism in Forl. Moreover, linalool significantly decreased the expression of many Forl pathogenic genes, such as cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) and G proteins, which is likely how a Forl infection was prevented. Importantly, exogenously applied linalool activated the salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) defensive pathways to improve disease resistance and relieved the negative effects of Forl on plant growth. Taken together, we report that linalool is an effective fungicide against Forl and will be a promising green chemical agent for controlling FCRR.
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Gu I, Brownmiller C, Howard L, Lee SO. Chemical Composition of Volatile Extracts from Black Raspberries, Blueberries, and Blackberries and Their Antiproliferative Effect on A549 Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12122056. [PMID: 36556421 PMCID: PMC9784840 DOI: 10.3390/life12122056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Berry volatiles are responsible for the berry aroma but there is limited information available on the health-promoting activities of berry volatiles. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the chemical composition of volatile extracts from black raspberries, blueberries, and blackberries and investigate their antiproliferative effect and apoptotic mechanisms on A549 lung cancer cells. The chemical composition of three berry volatile extracts (BVEs) was identified by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Cells were treated with different dilutions of three BVEs for 48 h and determined for cell proliferation and apoptosis. Total volatiles in BVEs were 1.6−3.2 mg/L. Two-fold diluted BVEs significantly inhibited cell proliferation after 48 h, inducing apoptosis (p < 0.05). Blackberry volatile extract significantly reduced the inactive form of apoptotic proteins, including poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP), procaspase-9, and procaspase-3 compared to the control (p < 0.05). Blueberry volatile extract showed higher apoptotic cell death (p < 0.05) with a slightly higher cell population in G0/G1 phase than other berries. These results showed that volatile extracts from three berries have the antiproliferative effect on human lung adenocarcinoma cells partially via apoptosis, suggesting that volatiles from three berries may have potential anti-cancer activity through apoptosis in lung cancer.
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A Rapid Procedure for the Simultaneous Determination of Eugenol, Linalool and Fatty Acid Composition in Basil Leaves. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213315. [DOI: 10.3390/foods11213315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eugenol and linalool are often the most abundant volatile compounds found in basil (Ocimum basilicum L., Lamiaceae) leaves, and they are interesting for the aroma they provide and for their numerous beneficial bioactivities. Their determination is thus needed for several purposes. In the present study, to avoid the previous isolation of essential oil, the direct solvent extraction is proposed coupled with a transmethylation to convert acyl lipids into fatty acids methyl esters (FAMEs), thus assessing the possible simultaneous analysis of eugenol and linalool with FAMEs by gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The method has been validated and applied to ten basil leaves samples in which eugenol and linalool were found in mean concentrations of 2.80 ± 0.15 and 1.01 ± 0.04 g kg−1 (dry weight), respectively. FAMEs composition was dominated by linolenic acid (52.1–56.1%) followed by palmitic acid (19.3–22.4%) and linoleic acid (9.6–11.3%). The ratio of n6-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)/n3-PUFAs was in the range of 0.17–0.20 in the investigated samples. The proposed method exploits a rapid procedure requiring 40 min, making use of a small amount of solvent and allowing the simultaneous determination of molecules contributing to assess the quality of this worldwide appreciated herb.
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Romano R, De Luca L, Aiello A, Pagano R, Di Pierro P, Pizzolongo F, Masi P. Basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.) Leaves as a Source of Bioactive Compounds. Foods 2022; 11:3212. [PMCID: PMC9602197 DOI: 10.3390/foods11203212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an annual spicy plant generally utilized as a flavouring agent for food. Basil leaves also have pharmaceutical properties due to the presence of polyphenols, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. In this work, carbon dioxide was employed to extract bioactive compounds from basil leaves. Extraction with supercritical CO2 (p = 30 MPa; T = 50 °C) for 2 h using 10% ethanol as a cosolvent was the most efficient method, with a yield similar to that of the control (100% ethanol) and was applied to two basil cultivars: “Italiano Classico” and “Genovese”. Antioxidant activity, phenolic acid content, and volatile organic compounds were determined in the extracts obtained by this method. In both cultivars, the supercritical CO2 extracts showed antiradical activity (ABTS●+ assay), caffeic acid (1.69–1.92 mg/g), linalool (35–27%), and bergamotene (11–14%) contents significantly higher than those of the control. The polyphenol content and antiradical activity measured by the three assays were higher in the “Genovese” cultivar than in the “Italiano Classico” cultivar, while the linalool content was higher (35.08%) in the “Italiano Classico” cultivar. Supercritical CO2 not only allowed us to obtain extracts rich in bioactive compounds in an environmentally friendly way but also reduced ethanol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Romano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Lucia De Luca
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Alessandra Aiello
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pagano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Prospero Di Pierro
- CAISIAL, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 133, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Fabiana Pizzolongo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-2539447
| | - Paolo Masi
- CAISIAL, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 133, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
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Insights into the Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Superfamily in Osmanthus fragrans and the Role of OfCYP142 in Linalool Synthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012150. [PMID: 36293004 PMCID: PMC9602793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osmanthus fragrans flowers have long been used as raw materials in food, tea, beverage, and perfume industries due to their attractive and strong fragrance. The P450 superfamily proteins have been reported to widely participate in the synthesis of plant floral volatile organic compounds (VOCs). To investigate the potential functions of P450 superfamily proteins in the fragrance synthesis of O. fragrans, we investigated the P450 superfamily genome wide. A total of 276 P450 genes were identified belonging to 40 families. The RNA-seq data suggested that many OfCYP genes were preferentially expressed in the flower or other organs, and some were also induced by multiple abiotic stresses. The expression patterns of seven flower-preferentially expressed OfCYPs during the five different flower aroma content stages were further explored using quantitative real-time PCR, showing that the CYP94C subfamily member OfCYP142 had the highest positive correlation with linalool synthesis gene OfTPS2. The transient expression of OfCYP142 in O. fragrans petals suggested that OfCYP142 can increase the content of linalool, an important VOC of the O. fragrans floral aroma, and a similar result was also obtained in flowers of OfCYP142 transgenic tobacco. Combined with RNA-seq data of the transiently transformed O. fragrans petals, we found that the biosynthesis pathway of secondary metabolites was significantly enriched, and many 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway genes were also upregulated. This evidence indicated that the OfCYP proteins may play critical roles in the flower development and abiotic response of O. fragrans, and that OfCYP142 can participate in linalool synthesis. This study provides valuable information about the functions of P450 genes and a valuable guide for studying further functions of OfCYPs in promoting fragrance biosynthesis of ornamental plants.
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Wang XD, Xu CY, Zheng YJ, Wu YF, Zhang YT, Zhang T, Xiong ZY, Yang HK, Li J, Fu C, Qiu FY, Dai XY, Liu XL, He XS, Zhou SS, Li SX, Fu T, Xie H, Chen YL, Zhang QQ, Wang HQ, Wang YD, Zhou C, Jiang XM. Chromosome-level genome assembly and resequencing of camphor tree ( Cinnamomum camphora) provides insight into phylogeny and diversification of terpenoid and triglyceride biosynthesis of Cinnamomum. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac216. [PMID: 36479586 PMCID: PMC9720445 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamomum species attract attentions owing to their scents, medicinal properties, and ambiguous relationship in the phylogenetic tree. Here, we report a high-quality genome assembly of Cinnamomum camphora, based on which two whole-genome duplication (WGD) events were detected in the C. camphora genome: one was shared with Magnoliales, and the other was unique to Lauraceae. Phylogenetic analyses illustrated that Lauraceae species formed a compact sister clade to the eudicots. We then performed whole-genome resequencing on 24 Cinnamomum species native to China, and the results showed that the topology of Cinnamomum species was not entirely consistent with morphological classification. The rise and molecular basis of chemodiversity in Cinnamomum were also fascinating issues. In this study, six chemotypes were classified and six main terpenoids were identified as major contributors of chemodiversity in C. camphora by the principal component analysis. Through in vitro assays and subcellular localization analyses, we identified two key terpene synthase (TPS) genes (CcTPS16 and CcTPS54), the products of which were characterized to catalyze the biosynthesis of two uppermost volatiles (i.e. 1,8-cineole and (iso)nerolidol), respectively, and meditate the generation of two chemotypes by transcriptional regulation and compartmentalization. Additionally, the pathway of medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) biosynthesis in Lauraceae was investigated for the first time. Synteny analysis suggested that the divergent synthesis of MCT and long-chain triglyceride (LCT) in Lauraceae kernels was probably controlled by specific medium-chain fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase (FatB), type-B lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (type-B LPAAT), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2b (DGAT 2b) isoforms during co-evolution with retentions or deletions in the genome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yue-Ting Zhang
- Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Lab for Plant Biotechnology, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Xiong
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Lab for Plant Biotechnology, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hai-Kuan Yang
- Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Chao Fu
- Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Feng-Ying Qiu
- Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Dai
- Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Xin-Liang Liu
- Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Xiao-San He
- Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Song-Song Zhou
- Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Sheng-Xing Li
- Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Tao Fu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Han Xie
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | | | | | - Hong-Qi Wang
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
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Fabrication and bacterial inhibitory activity of essential oil linalool loaded biocapsules against Escherichia coli. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Zhai R, Ma J, An Y, Wen Z, Liu Y, Sun Q, Xie P, Zhao S. Ultra-stable Linalool/water Pickering Emulsions: A Combined Experimental and Simulation Study. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Di Vito M, Vergari L, Mariotti M, Proto MR, Barbanti L, Garzoli S, Sanguinetti M, Sabatini L, Peduzzi A, Bellardi MG, Mattarelli P, Bugli F, De Luca D. Anti-Mold Effectiveness of a Green Emulsion Based on Citrus aurantium Hydrolate and Cinnamomum zeylanicum Essential Oil for the Modern Paintings Restoration. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020205. [PMID: 35208660 PMCID: PMC8880513 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A modern painting is characterized by multi-material bases extremely exposed to biodeteriogenic attacks. The aim of this work was to test the antifungal effectiveness of a natural, eco-friendly, and safe emulsion based on Citrus aurantium L. var. amara hydrolate and Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume (from bark) essential oil, named “Zeylantium green emulsion” (Zege), on modern paintings. Colored unaged and aged canvas samples, performed with modern techniques (acrylic, vinylic and alkyd), were used to test in vitro both the antifungal effectiveness of Zege and its impact on the chemical–physical characteristics. Microbiological tests were performed according to the EUCAST international guidelines. pH measurements and colorimetric analysis were performed on unaged and aged canvases before and after Zege spray treatment. Finally, in situ tests were performed using the spray emulsion on canvas samples obtained from Ilaria Margutti’s modern artwork, which had been colonized by molds. Microbiological tests on canvas prototypes showed a time- and dose-dependent effectiveness of the Zege spray. None of the techniques underwent relevant changes in pH. Only the acrylic colors were unaffected in the colorimetric analysis, among all colored unaged or aged canvases. Tests made with modern artwork samples confirmed the in situ antifungal effectiveness. The Zege spray showed encouraging results in regard to the use of this formulation in the restoration of modern paintings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Di Vito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-30154964
| | - Lara Vergari
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza della Repubblica, 13, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (L.V.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Melinda Mariotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Maria Rita Proto
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 42, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.P.); (L.B.); (M.G.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Barbanti
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 42, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.P.); (L.B.); (M.G.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Stefania Garzoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigia Sabatini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Sezione di Farmacologia e Igiene, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Alice Peduzzi
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Bellardi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 42, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.P.); (L.B.); (M.G.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Paola Mattarelli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 42, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.R.P.); (L.B.); (M.G.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Francesca Bugli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Daphne De Luca
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA), University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza della Repubblica, 13, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (L.V.); (D.D.L.)
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Nissen L, Casciano F, Babini E, Gianotti A. The Exploitation of a Hempseed Byproduct to Produce Flavorings and Healthy Food Ingredients by a Fermentation Process. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122418. [PMID: 34946020 PMCID: PMC8707447 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the One Health principles in food science, the challenge to valorize byproducts from the industrial sector is open. Hemp (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa) is considered an important icon of sustainability and as an alternative food source. Hemp seed bran, in particular, is a byproduct of industrial hemp seed processing, which is not yet valorized. The success, and a wider market diffusion of hemp seed for food applications, is hindered by its unpleasant taste, which is produced by certain compounds that generally overwhelm the pleasant bouquet of the fresh product. This research concerns the exploration of hemp seed bran through fermentation using beneficial lactobacilli, focusing on the sensorial and bioactive traits of the products when they are subjected to bacterial transformation. By studying of the aromatic profile formation during the fermentation process the aim was to modulate it in order to reduce off-odors without affecting the presence of healthy volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Applying multivariate analyses, it was possible to target the contribution of processing parameters to the generation of flavoring and bioactive compounds. To conclude, the fermentation process proposed was able to reduce unpleasant VOCs, whilst at the same time keeping the healthy ones, and it also improved nutritional quality, depending on time and bacterial starters. The fermentation proposed was a sustainable biotechnological approach that fitted perfectly with the valorization of hemp byproducts from the perspective of a green-oriented industrial process that avoids synthetic masking agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Nissen
- CIRI (Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-Food Industrial Research), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, P.za Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (L.N.); (E.B.)
- DISTAL (Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, V. le Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Flavia Casciano
- DISTAL (Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, V. le Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Elena Babini
- CIRI (Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-Food Industrial Research), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, P.za Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (L.N.); (E.B.)
- DISTAL (Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences), Campus of Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, P.za Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Andrea Gianotti
- CIRI (Interdepartmental Centre of Agri-Food Industrial Research), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, P.za Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy; (L.N.); (E.B.)
- DISTAL (Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences), Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, V. le Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
- DISTAL (Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences), Campus of Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, P.za Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy
- Correspondence:
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