1
|
Molecular characterization and allergenicity potential of triosephosphate isomerase from Sarcoptes scabiei. Vet Parasitol 2018; 257:40-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
2
|
Chu PY, Sun HL, Ko JL, Ku MS, Lin LJ, Lee YT, Liao PF, Pan HH, Lu HL, Lue KH. Oral fungal immunomodulatory protein-Flammulina velutipes has influence on pulmonary inflammatory process and potential treatment for allergic airway disease: A mouse model. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2015; 50:297-306. [PMID: 26427878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE House dust mite (HDM) is well known as one of the major indoor allergens that trigger allergic inflammation, especially asthma, and accounts for 85% of all cases. So far, asthma has been thought of as a condition of imbalance between T helper (Th)1 and Th2. Fungal immunomodulatory protein-Flammulina velutipes (FIP-fve) has been seemingly demonstrated to modulate the response to Th1 cytokine production. The aim of this study was to investigate if the oral administration of FIP-fve can inhibit HDM-induced asthma inflammation in the mouse model. METHODS We divided the mice (female BALB/c, 4-6 weeks) into four groups: the prevention group, which consisted of mice sensitized by HDM (intraperitoneally on Day 1, Day 7, and Day 14, and intranasally on Day 14, Day 17, Day 21, Day 24, and Day 27) fed with FIP-fve from Day 1 to Day 14; the treatment group, which comprised mice that received treatment from Day 14 to Day 28; the positive control (PC, sensitized by HDM fed without FIP-fve) group; and the negative control group (NC, nonsensitized). Airway hyperresponsiveness induced by methacholine challenge was determined using whole-body barometric plethysmography. In addition, cytokines were analyzed from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum. Histopathological studies and Liu's staining method in mice lungs were also performed. RESULTS The results showed that both pre- and posttreated FIP-fve groups had significantly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness compared with the PC group after methacholine challenge. In addition, a significantly decreased level of HDM-specific immunoglobulin E in serum and decreased production of Th2 cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum were observed in these two FIP-fve fed groups. Moreover, more decreased amounts of infiltrating inflammatory cells were present in the lungs of FIP-fve fed groups than those of the PC group. CONCLUSION Oral FIP-fve had an anti-inflammatory effect on the acute phase of the airway inflammatory process induced by HDM in the mouse model and might have a potentially therapeutic role for allergic airway diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yu Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Pediatrics, Ministry of Health and Welfare Feng-Yuan Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hai-Lun Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jiunn-Liang Ko
- Institute of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Min-Sho Ku
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ling-Jun Lin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Tzu Lee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Fen Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Hsien Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsueh-Lin Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ko-Huang Lue
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; Institute of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lin R, Liu X, Meng Y, Xu M, Guo J. Effects of Laminaria japonica polysaccharides on airway inflammation of lungs in an asthma mouse model. Multidiscip Respir Med 2015; 10:20. [PMID: 26110056 PMCID: PMC4479343 DOI: 10.1186/s40248-015-0017-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is a serious chronic inflammatory disease affecting 300 million people worldwide. This aim of this study to investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic effects of Laminaria japonica extract in the ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse asthma model. Methods A mouse asthma model was established in SPF Kunming mice by OVA-sensitization followed by inhalation of aerosol allergen for two weeks. Laminaria japonica polysaccharides (LJPS) were given by gavage feeding at 50 mg/kg/day during OVA inhalation challenge period, and their effect on asthma was compared with the standard treatment of Budesonide inhalation. The total inflammatory cells and eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined. Histopathological changes in lung tissue were studied and scored to determine the degree of inflammation. Levels of IL-12, IL-13, and TGF-β1 in BALF as well as serum levels of IgE were measured. Expressions of IL-12, IL-13, and TGF-β1 in lung tissues were assessed. Results Highly inflammatory lungs infiltrated with significant increased eosinophils were observed in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. The OVA treated mice presented with a lower level of IL-12 and higher levels of IL-13 and TGF-β1 in BALF and lung tissues, as well as an increased level of the serum IgE. Treatment with LJPS (Group B) significantly decreased the numbers of eosinophils in the BALF (P < 0.05) and alleviated lung inflammation compared to the untreated asthma mice (Group A). It also reduced the serum IgE levels, increased expression of IL-12, and decreased the expression of IL-13 and TGF-β1 in BALF and lung (Both P < 0.05) compared with the group A. Conclusions LJPS can significantly inhibit airway inflammation of asthmatic mice, adjust the balance of cytokines, and improve the pulmonary histopathological condition. Our data suggested that LJPS might be a potential therapeutic reagent for allergic asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongjun Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, People's hospital of Zoucheng city, Jining, 273500 China
| | - Mei Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Central District, Zaozhuang, 277101 China
| | - Jianping Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266011 China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chang YS, Kim YK, Jeon SG, Kim SH, Kim SS, Park HW, Min KU, Kim YY, Cho SH. Influence of the Adjuvants and Genetic Background on the Asthma Model Using Recombinant Der f 2 in Mice. Immune Netw 2013; 13:295-300. [PMID: 24385949 PMCID: PMC3875789 DOI: 10.4110/in.2013.13.6.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Der f 2 is the group 2 major allergen of a house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae) and its function has been recently suggested. To determine the optimal condition of sensitization to recombinant Der f 2 (rDer f 2) in murine model of asthma, we compared the effectiveness with different adjuvants in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Mice from both strains sensitized with rDer f 2 by intraperitoneal injection or subcutaneous injection on days 1 and 14. The dosage was 20 µg. Freund's adjuvants with pertussis toxin (FP) or alum alone were used as adjuvants. On days 28, 29, and 30, mice were challenged intranasally with 0.1% rDer f 2. We evaluated airway hyperresponsivenss, eosinophil proportion in lung lavage, airway inflammation, and serum allergen specific antibody responses. Naive mice were used as controls. Airway hyperresponsiveness was increased in C57BL/6 with FP, and BALB/c with alum (PC200: 13.5±6.3, 13.2±6.7 vs. >50 mg/ml, p<0.05). The eosinophil proportion was increased in all groups; C57BL/6 with FP, BALB/c with FP, C57BL/6 with alum, BALB/c with alum (24.8±3.6, 20.3±10.3, 11.0±6.9, 5.7±2.8, vs. 0.0±0.0%, p<0.05). The serum allergen specific IgE levels were increased in C57BL/6 with FP or alum (OD: 0.8±1.4, 1.1±0.8, vs. 0.0±0.0). C57BL/6 mice were better responders to rDer f 2 and as for adjuvants, Freund's adjuvant with pertussis toxin was better.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Seok Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 463-707, Korea
| | - Yoon-Keun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Seong Gyu Jeon
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Sae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 463-707, Korea
| | - Sun-Sin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Gangnam Healtcare Center, Seoul 135-984, Korea
| | - Heung-Woo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Kyung-Up Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - You-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 110-799, Korea. ; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Gangnam Healtcare Center, Seoul 135-984, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arsenic trioxide alleviates airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilia in a murine model of asthma. Cell Mol Immunol 2010; 7:375-80. [PMID: 20495578 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2010.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common chronic airway inflammatory diseases. The clinical hallmarks of asthma include elevated serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), eosinophilic inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) is considered a carcinogen; however, it has also been used to treat diseases, such as syphilis, in traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Today, As2O3 is used as one of the standard therapies for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Previous studies have indicated that As2O3 can induce apoptosis in eosinophils. However, the effect of As2O3 on asthma has not been investigated. We used ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized mice as a model for asthma and treated mice with As2O3 at doses of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg. The mice were then monitored for OVA-specific IgE production, airway inflammatory cell infiltration and AHR. We found that administration of As2O3 in OVA-immunized mice abrogated airway eosinophil recruitment by downregulating eotaxin expression but did not alter serum IgE or IL-5 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Furthermore, the development of AHR and cellular infiltration into the airway were reduced by treating mice with As2O3. In vitro data suggested that low concentrations of As2O3 could induce only a small degree of apoptosis in primary pulmonary cells but could significantly inhibit the secretion of eotaxin by these cells. These results indicate that the administration of As2O3 to OVA-immunized mice can suppress lung allergic inflammatory responses. As2O3 might therefore have therapeutic potential in treating allergic airway inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
6
|
Hsu CY, Liu HE, Sheu FY, Leu SJ, Chiang BL, Hsiao G, Lee YL. Synergistic therapeutic effects of combined adenovirus-mediated interleukin-10 and interleukin-12 gene therapy on airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. J Gene Med 2010; 12:11-21. [PMID: 19866481 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by airway inflammation caused by the dysregulated production of cytokines secreted by allergen-specific type 2 T helper (Th2) cells. Although the Th1-promoting cytokine, interleukin (IL)-12, is capable of inhibiting Th2-driven allergen-induced airway changes in mice, IL-12 also aggravates the Th1-driven inflammatory pulmonary pathology. Further, IL-10 was found to exert both anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities. To avoid the side-effects of IL-12, we hypothesized that the low-dose expression of IL-10 with concomitant IL-12 administration in the airway may represent a more effective therapy for allergic airway diseases. Thus, the present study explored the immunomodulatory and therapeutic effects of IL-10 combined with IL-12 in airway inflammation in allergic asthma. METHODS Adenovirus-expressing murine IL-10 (Ad-IL-10) and IL-12 (Ad-IL-12) were co-administrated in an established murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. RESULTS We found that a single combined treatment of low doses of Ad-IL-10 and Ad-IL-12 efficiently inhibited the development of airway hyper-responsiveness compared to Ad-IL-10 or Ad-IL-12 treatment alone. Moreover, both Ad-IL-10 and Ad-IL-12 treatment reduced pulmonary infiltration of eosinophils and neutrophils. In addition, histological studies showed that combined treatment was able to reduce tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated airway inflammation induced by IL-12 treatment. Suppression of IL-4, IL-5, Keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC) and eotaxin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was also noted in OVA-immunized mice with combined Ad-IL-10 and Ad-IL-12 treatment. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the results obtained in the present study indicate that co-administration of IL-12 and IL-10 may have therapeutic potential for the immunomodulatory treatment of allergic asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yu Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways in which there is an overabundance of eosinophils, mast cells, and activated T helper lymphocytes. These inflammatory cells release mediators that then trigger bronchoconstriction, mucus secretion, and remodeling. The inflammatory mediators that drive this process include cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, lipid mediators, immunoglobulins, and histamine. The inflammation in allergic asthma can be difficult to control. This is mainly due to the development of an adaptive immunity to an allergen, leading to immunological memory. This leads to recall reactions to the allergen, causing persistent inflammation and damage to the airways. Generally, in asthma inflammation is directed by Th2 cytokines, which can act by positive feedback mechanisms to promote the production of more inflammatory mediators including other cytokines and chemokines. This review discusses the role of cytokines and chemokines in the immunobiology of asthma and attempts to relate their expression to morphological and functional abnormalities in the lungs of asthmatic subjects. We also discuss new concepts in asthma immunology, in particular the role of cytokines in airway remodeling and the interaction between cytokines and infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qutayba Hamid
- Meakins-Christie Labs, McGill University, Montreal, Québec H2X 2P2, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang LC, Lin YL, Liang YC, Yang YH, Lee JH, Yu HH, Wu WM, Chiang BL. The effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on the functions of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells. BMC Immunol 2009; 10:39. [PMID: 19604415 PMCID: PMC2724478 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-10-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2008] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Propolis, an ancient herbal medicine, has been reported the beneficial effect both in asthma patients and murine model of asthma, but the mechanism was not clearly understood. In this study, the effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), the most extensively studied components in propolis, on the functions of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) was investigated. Results CAPE significantly inhibited IL-12 p40, IL-12 p70, IL-10 protein expression in mature healthy human MoDCs stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and IL-12 p40, IL-10, IP-10 stimulated by crude mite extract. CAPE significantly inhibited IL-10 and IP-10 but not IL-12 expression in allergic patients' MoDCs stimulated by crude mite extract. In contrast, the upregulation of costimulatory molecules in mature MoDCs was not suppressed by CAPE. Further, the antigen presenting ability of DCs was not inhibited by CAPE. CAPE inhibited IκBα phosphorylation and NF-κB activation but not mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family phosphorylation in human MoDCs. Conclusion These results indicated that CAPE inhibited cytokine and chemokine production by MoDCs which might be related to the NF-κB signaling pathway. This study provided a new insight into the mechanism of CAPE in immune response and the rationale for propolis in the treatment of asthma and other allergic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chieh Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Republic of
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yotsumoto S, Kakiuchi T, Aramaki Y. Enhancement of IFN-gamma production for Th1-cell therapy using negatively charged liposomes containing phosphatidylserine. Vaccine 2007; 25:5256-62. [PMID: 17583394 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2006] [Revised: 05/17/2007] [Accepted: 05/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an efficient method of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) induction for Th1-cell therapy. OVA (ovalbumin)-specific Th1 clone 42-6A cells cocultured with antigen presenting cells (APCs) from spleen resulted in high levels of OVA-specific IFN-gamma production by the treatment of phosphatidylserine (PS), but not phosphatidic acid (PA), liposomes-encapsulated OVA (OVA-liposomes). The IFN-gamma production was increased in a manner dependent on the PS content of the liposomes and inhibited by the addition of annexin V, a PS binding protein. Furthermore, coadministration of Th1 cells plus OVA-liposomes in mice strikingly enhanced IFN-gamma levels in serum and in spleen cells compared with that of Th1 cells plus OVA. In addition, serum levels of IL-12 p70 increased and ongoing OVA-specific IgE immune response was dramatically attenuated. These results first suggest that antigen delivery using negatively charged liposomes containing PS is very useful for the enhancement of IFN-gamma production in Th1-cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yotsumoto
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dietary oxidized oil influences the levels of type 2 T-helper cell-related antibody and inflammatory mediators in mice. Br J Nutr 2007. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114500002543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this present study was to investigate the effect of amount and degree of oxidation of dietary oil on type 2 T-helper cell (TH)-related immune responses. Four groups of BALB/c mice were fed either 50 g soyabean oil/kg (50-S), 50 g oxidized oil/kg (50-O), 150 g soyabean oil/kg (150-S) or 150 g oxidized oil/kg (150-O). After 14 weeks consuming the experimental diets, the mice were immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) plus Al and antigen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E, IgG1 and IgG2a, inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandin (PG) E2 and leukotriene (LT)B4 were determined. Higher hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 was noted in mice fed 150 g oxidized oil/kg compared with those of other groups. OVA-specific IgG1 and IgE were higher in mice fed 150 g oxidized oil/kg compared with those of the other groups. The data suggested the interleukin (IL)-4: interferon (IFN)-γ ratio was higher in mice fed 50 g dietary oxidized oil/kg compared with that of the 50-S group. The IL-5:IFN-γ ratios were higher in the 150-S and 150-O groups than in the 50-S and 50-O groups. PGE2 and LTB4 produced by macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide were highest in mice in the 150 g oxidized oil/kg group. The data suggested that an increased intake of oxidized oil might exert an unfavourable effect on the TH2 response involved in allergic disease.
Collapse
|
11
|
Chaudhry UI, Kingham TP, Plitas G, Katz SC, Raab JR, DeMatteo RP. Combined stimulation with interleukin-18 and CpG induces murine natural killer dendritic cells to produce IFN-gamma and inhibit tumor growth. Cancer Res 2006; 66:10497-504. [PMID: 17079471 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-1908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer dendritic cells (NKDC) are a novel subtype of dendritic cells with natural killer (NK) cell properties. IFN-gamma is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays an important role in the innate immune response to tumors. Based on our previous finding that the combination of Toll-like receptor 9 ligand CpG and interleukin (IL)-4 stimulates NKDC to produce IFN-gamma, we hypothesized that NKDC are the major IFN-gamma-producing dendritic cell subtype and may play a significant role in the host antitumor response. We found that under several conditions in vitro and in vivo NKDC accounted for the majority of IFN-gamma production by murine spleen CD11c(+) cells. IL-18 alone induced NKDC to secrete IFN-gamma, and the combination of IL-18 and CpG resulted in a synergistic increase in IFN-gamma production, both in vitro and in vivo. NK cells made 26-fold less IFN-gamma under the same conditions in vitro, whereas dendritic cells produced a negligible amount. The mechanism of IFN-gamma secretion by NKDC depended on IL-12. NKDC selectively proliferated in vitro and in vivo in response to the combination of IL-18 and CpG. Systemic treatment with IL-18 and CpG reduced the number of B16F10 melanoma lung metastases. The mechanism depended on NK1.1(+) cells, as their depletion abrogated the effect. IL-18 and CpG activated NKDC provided greater tumor protection than NK cells in IFN-gamma(-/-) mice. Thus, NKDC are the major dendritic cell subtype to produce IFN-gamma. The combined use of IL-18 and CpG is a viable strategy to potentiate the antitumor function of NKDC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umer I Chaudhry
- Hepatobiliary Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fu CL, Ye YL, Lee YL, Chiang BL. Effects of overexpression of IL-10, IL-12, TGF-beta and IL-4 on allergen induced change in bronchial responsiveness. Respir Res 2006; 7:72. [PMID: 16677403 PMCID: PMC1479818 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-7-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2005] [Accepted: 05/08/2006] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing prevalence of allergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma, has been noted worldwide. Allergic asthma strongly correlates with airway inflammation caused by the unregulated production of cytokines secreted by allergen-specific type-2 T helper (Th2) cells. This study aims to explore the therapeutic effect of the airway gene transfer of IL-12, IL-10 and TGF-β on airway inflammation in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Methods BALB/c mice were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) by intraperitoneal injections with OVA and challenged by nebulized OVA. Different cytokine gene plasmids or non-coding vector plasmids were instilled daily into the trachea up to one day before the inhalatory OVA challenge phase. Results Intratracheal administration of IL-10, IL-12 or TGF-β can efficiently inhibit antigen-induced airway hyper-responsiveness and is able to largely significantly lower the number of eosinophils and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized and challenged mice during the effector phase. Furthermore, the effect of IL-10 plasmids is more remarkable than any other cytokine gene plasmid. On the other hand, local administration of IL-4 gene plasmids before antigen challenge can induce severe airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) and airway eosinophilia. Conclusion Our data demonstrated that anti- inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-10, have the therapeutic potential for the alleviation of airway inflammation in murine model of asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ling Fu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ling Ye
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yueh-Lun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Bor-Luen Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chuang YH, Suen JL, Chiang BL. Fas-ligand-expressing adenovirus-transfected dendritic cells decrease allergen-specific T cells and airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma. J Mol Med (Berl) 2006; 84:595-603. [PMID: 16565865 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-006-0047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2005] [Revised: 11/08/2005] [Accepted: 01/10/2006] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
T cells expressing a type-2 T helper profile of cytokines (Th2 cells) have been demonstrated to play an important role in the initiation and progression of allergic asthma, and it is well known that Fas ligand (FasL) induces apoptosis when bound to its receptor, Fas. In the present study, we examined the possibility of modulating asthma manifestations by dendritic cells (DCs) genetically engineered to express FasL (DC-FasL), which could deliver a death signal to T cells in an antigen-specific manner. The delivery of DC-FasL into ovalbumin (OVA)-immunized allergic mice decreased the airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). Moreover, we established a mouse model of airway inflammation by using an adoptive transfer of Th2 cells derived from ovalbumin T cell receptor transgenic mice to study the effect of DC-FasL on airway reactivity. The administration of DC-FasL in Th2-cell-induced allergic mice had significantly decreased AHR, airway inflammation, and IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 production. Furthermore, the numbers of OVA-specific T cells were decreased in the lung of mice receiving DC-FasL. These results demonstrate that FasL-expressing dendritic cells might be applied for the modulation of allergic responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hessel EM, Chu M, Lizcano JO, Chang B, Herman N, Kell SA, Wills-Karp M, Coffman RL. Immunostimulatory oligonucleotides block allergic airway inflammation by inhibiting Th2 cell activation and IgE-mediated cytokine induction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 202:1563-73. [PMID: 16314434 PMCID: PMC2213327 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20050631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A single treatment with a CpG-containing immunostimulatory DNA sequence (ISS) given before allergen challenge can inhibit T helper type 2 cell (Th2)–mediated airway responses in animal models of allergic asthma; however, the mechanism of this inhibition remains largely undefined. Here, we demonstrate that airway delivery of ISS before allergen challenge in Th2-primed mice acts in two distinct ways to prevent the allergic responses to this challenge. The first is to prevent induction of cytokines from allergen-specific Th2 cells, as demonstrated by the nearly complete inhibition of Th2 cytokine production, Th2-dependent functional responses, and gene induction patterns. ISS inhibits the Th2 response by rendering lung antigen-presenting cells (APCs) unable to effectively present antigen to Th2 cells, but not to Th1 cells. This loss of APC function correlates with a reduced expression of costimulatory molecules, including programmed cell death ligand (PD-L)1, PD-L2, CD40, CD80, CD86, and inducible T cell costimulator, and of major histocompatibility complex class II on CD11c+APCs from the airways of ISS-treated mice. The second important action of ISS is inhibition of immunoglobulin E–dependent release of Th2 cytokines, especially interleukin 4, from basophils and/or mast cells in the airways of Th2-primed mice. Thus, inhibition by ISS of allergic responses can be explained by two novel mechanisms that culminate in the inhibition of the principal sources of type 2 cytokines in the airways.
Collapse
|
15
|
Jacquet A, Vanderschrick JF, Vandenbranden M, Elouahabi A, Magi M, Garcia L, Ruysschaert JM. Vaccination with the recombinant allergen ProDer p 1 complexed with the cationic lipid DiC14-amidine prevents allergic responses to house dust mite. Mol Ther 2005; 11:960-8. [PMID: 15922967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2004.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2004] [Revised: 12/11/2004] [Accepted: 12/18/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the prophylactic potential of ProDer p 1, the recombinant precursor form of the major mite allergen Der p 1, combined with the cationic lipid diC14-amidine in a murine model of house dust mite allergy. Naive mice vaccinated with the amidine/allergen complex developed a Th1-biased immune response characterized by the absence of specific IgE, the production of specific IgG2a, and the presence of IFN-gamma in splenocyte cultures. In contrast, ProDer p 1 adjuvanted with alum induced typical strictly Th2-biased allergic responses with strong IgG1 and IgE titers and IL-5 secretion. Removal of negatively charged sialic acids in ProDer p 1 or increasing the ionic strength reduced the binding of ProDer p 1 to the cationic liposomes and resulted in a decrease of the allergen immunogenicity, suggesting that complexation is required for triggering an optimal immune response. Finally, prophylactic vaccination with ProDer p 1-diC14-amidine reduced drastically the production of specific IgE and airway eosinophilia following subsequent immunization with Der p 1-alum and challenge with aerosolized house dust mite extracts. In conclusion, recombinant ProDer p 1 complexed with diC14-amidine could represent an efficient prophylactic vaccine against house dust mite allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alain Jacquet
- Service de Génétique Appliquée, Institut de Biologie et de Médecine Moléculaires, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet, 12, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Epstein MM. Targeting memory Th2 cells for the treatment of allergic asthma. Pharmacol Ther 2005; 109:107-36. [PMID: 16081161 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2005] [Accepted: 06/21/2005] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Th2 memory cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Evidence from patients and experimental models indicates that memory Th2 cells reside in the lungs during disease remission and, upon allergen exposure, become activated effectors involved in disease exacerbation. The inhibition of memory Th2 cells or their effector functions in allergic asthma influence disease progression, suggesting their importance as therapeutic targets. They are allergen specific and can potentially be suppressed or eliminated using this specificity. They have distinct activation, differentiation, cell surface phenotype, migration capacity, and effector functions that can be targeted singularly or in combination. Furthermore, memory Th2 cells residing in the lungs can be treated locally. Capitalizing on these unique attributes is important for drug development for allergic asthma. The aim of this review is to present an overview of therapeutic strategies targeting Th2 memory cells in allergic asthma, emphasizing Th2 generation, differentiation, activation, migration, effector function, and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Epstein
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, Lazarettgasse 19, Vienna A-1090, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) was the last of the immunoglobulins discovered. It is present in very low amounts (nano- to micro-gram per ml range) in the serum of normal healthy individuals and normal laboratory mouse strains and has a very short half-life. This contrasts with the other immunoglobulin classes, which are present in much higher concentrations (micro- to milligram per ml range) and form a substantial component of serum proteins. Immunoglobulins play a role in homeostatic mechanisms and they represent the humoral arm of defence against pathogenic organisms. Since IgE antibodies play a key role in allergic disorders, a number of approaches to inhibit IgE antibody production are currently being explored. In the recent past the use of nonanaphylactic, humanized anti-IgE antibodies became a new therapeutic strategy for allergic diseases. The therapeutic rational beyond the idea derives from the ability of the anti-IgE antibodies to bind to the same domains on the IgE molecule that interact with the high-affinity IgE receptor, thereby interfering with the binding of IgE to this receptor without cross-linking the IgE on the receptor (nonanaphylactic anti-IgE antibodies). Treatment with anti-IgE antibodies leads primarily to a decrease in serum IgE levels. As a consequence thereof, the number of high-affinity IgE receptors on mast cells and basophils decreases, leading to a lower excitability of the effector cells reducing the release of inflammatory mediator such as histamine, prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Experimental studies in mice indicate that injection of some monoclonal anti-IgE antibodies also inhibited IgE production in vivo. The biological mechanism behind this reduction remains speculative. A possible explanation may be that these antibodies can also interact with membrane bound IgE on B cells, which could interfere the IgE production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Inführ
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Park BL, Cheong HS, Kim LH, Choi YH, Namgoong S, Park HS, Hong SJ, Choi BW, Lee JH, Park CS, Shin HD. Association analysis of signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) polymorphisms with asthma. J Hum Genet 2005; 50:133-138. [PMID: 15744455 DOI: 10.1007/s10038-005-0232-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2004] [Accepted: 12/24/2004] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) on chromosome 2q32.2-q32.3 is known to be essential for mediating responses to interleukin 12 in lymphocytes and regulating the differentiation of T helper cells. In an effort to discover additional polymorphism(s) in genes in which variant(s) have been implicated in asthma, we investigated the genetic polymorphisms in STAT4 to evaluate it as a potential candidate gene for a host genetic study of asthma. By direct DNA sequencing in 24 individuals, we identified 12 sequence variants within introns and their flanking regions, including the 1.5 kb promoter region of STAT4. Among them, seven common polymorphic sites were selected for genotyping in our asthma cohort (502 asthmatic patients, 164 normal controls). Using logistic regression analysis for association with the risk of asthma, while controlling for age, gender, and smoking status as covariates, no significant associations with the risk of asthma were detected. However, one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in intron 11 (+90089T--> C) and two haplotypes showed positive association (P= 0.03, 0.03 and 0.03, respectively) with production of specific IgE to Dermatophagoides farinae (D.f.) or Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D.p.) among asthmatic patients. The minor allele frequencies of +90089T--> C and BLOCK2-ht1 were higher (0.54 and 0.47, respectively) among individuals who produced specific IgE to D.f. or D.p. than frequencies (0.47 and 0.39, respectively) among individuals who did not produce specific IgE (OR=1.38 and 1.40, respectively). Our findings suggest that polymorphisms in STAT4 might be one of the genetic factors for the risk of production of specific IgE to mite allergens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byung Lae Park
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., 11th Floor, MaeHun B/D, 13 Chongro 4 Ga, Chongro-Gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-834
| | - Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., 11th Floor, MaeHun B/D, 13 Chongro 4 Ga, Chongro-Gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-834
| | - Lyoung Hyo Kim
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., 11th Floor, MaeHun B/D, 13 Chongro 4 Ga, Chongro-Gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-834
| | - Yoo Hyun Choi
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., 11th Floor, MaeHun B/D, 13 Chongro 4 Ga, Chongro-Gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-834
| | - Sohg Namgoong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., 11th Floor, MaeHun B/D, 13 Chongro 4 Ga, Chongro-Gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-834
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Asthma Genome Research Group, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Ajuo University Hospital, Ulsan University Hospital, and Choong-Ang University Hospital, Korea
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Asthma Genome Research Group, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Ajuo University Hospital, Ulsan University Hospital, and Choong-Ang University Hospital, Korea
| | - Byoung Whui Choi
- Asthma Genome Research Group, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Ajuo University Hospital, Ulsan University Hospital, and Choong-Ang University Hospital, Korea
| | - June Hyuk Lee
- Asthma Genome Research Group, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Ajuo University Hospital, Ulsan University Hospital, and Choong-Ang University Hospital, Korea
| | - Choon-Sik Park
- Asthma Genome Research Group, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Ajuo University Hospital, Ulsan University Hospital, and Choong-Ang University Hospital, Korea.
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 1174, Jung Dong, Wonmi Ku, Bucheon, Gyeonggi Do, Korea, 420-021.
| | - Hyoung Doo Shin
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., 11th Floor, MaeHun B/D, 13 Chongro 4 Ga, Chongro-Gu, Seoul, Korea, 110-834
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nishikubo K, Murata Y, Tamaki S, Sugama K, Imanaka-Yoshida K, Yuda N, Kai M, Takamura S, Sebald W, Adachi Y, Yasutomi Y. A single administration of interleukin-4 antagonistic mutant DNA inhibits allergic airway inflammation in a mouse model of asthma. Gene Ther 2004; 10:2119-25. [PMID: 14625566 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is essential for the switching of B cells to IgE antibody production and for the maturation of T helper (Th) cells toward the Th2 phenotype. These mechanisms are thought to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the allergic airway inflammation observed in asthma. In the present study, we examined the anti-inflammatory effects of DNA administration of murine IL-4 mutant Q116D/Y119D (IL-4 double mutant, IL-4DM), which binds to the IL-4 receptor alpha and is an antagonist for IL-4. Immunization of BALB/c mice with alum-adsorbed ovalbumin (OVA) followed by aspiration with aerosolized OVA resulted in the development of allergic airway inflammation. A single administration of IL-4DM DNA before the aerosolized OVA challenge protected the mice from the subsequent induction of allergic airway inflammation. Serum IgE level and extent of eosinophil infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from IL-4DM DNA-administered mice were significantly lower than those in BAL from control plasmid-immunized mice. In our study, IL-4 or IL-4 mutants were not detected in sera from mice that had received a single administration of IL-4DM DNA. The results of this study provide evidence for the potential utility of IL-4 mutant antagonist DNA inoculation as an approach to gene therapy for asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Nishikubo
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Ferreira
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Strong P, Townsend P, Mackay R, Reid KBM, Clark HW. A recombinant fragment of human SP-D reduces allergic responses in mice sensitized to house dust mite allergens. Clin Exp Immunol 2003; 134:181-7. [PMID: 14616775 PMCID: PMC1808860 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2003.02281.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
C57Bl6 mice sensitized to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and challenged with D. pteronyssinus allergen extract given intranasally followed by treatment with intranasal applications of a 60-kDa truncated, trimeric recombinant form of human SP-D (rfhSP-D) showed a significant reduction in serum IgE, IgG1, peripheral blood eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness compared to saline or bovine serum albumin-treated controls. Intracellular cytokine staining of lung and spleen homogenates showed increases in interleukin (IL)-12 production in lung tissue and normalization of IL-12 and interferon (IFN)-gamma in spleen tissue. In previous studies we demonstrated the effectiveness of native SP-D and rfhSP-D in down-regulating allergic responses to allergens of Aspergillus fumigatus. The results reported here indicate that rfhSP-D can suppress the development of allergic symptoms in sensitized mice challenged with allergens of the common house dust mite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Strong
- Medical Research Council Immunochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Du WY, Liao JW, Fan CK, Su KE. Combined treatment with interleukin-12 and mebendazole lessens the severity of experimental eosinophilic meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis in ICR mice. Infect Immun 2003; 71:3947-53. [PMID: 12819081 PMCID: PMC161979 DOI: 10.1128/iai.71.7.3947-3953.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2003] [Revised: 02/17/2003] [Accepted: 04/17/2003] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the major cause of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis cases in Taiwan. Mice were orally infected with 35 infective larvae. One group of mice were given a single dose of mebendazole (20 mg/kg of body weight) per os at various times and examined at 14 days postinfection (dpi) for worm recovery rate and pathological studies. A 94 to 97% reduction in worm recovery was observed when medication was given at 4 to 5 dpi. Sections of the brains revealed that untreated infected mice developed typical severe eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. Meninges of these mice were thickened by massive infiltration of eosinophils, whereas only moderate pathological change was observed in the brains of mice that were treated with mebendazole at 4 dpi. Infected mice that received daily injections of 10 ng of interleukin-12 (IL-12) only for various numbers of days also exhibited moderate pathological changes in the brain. Eosinophil infiltration in the brains of these mice was low, and severe mechanical injuries in the parenchyma were observed. Treatment with mebendazole in combination with IL-12, however, resulted in low levels of worm recovery and dramatic lessening of the eosinophilic meningitis. A reverse transcriptase PCR assay of mRNA expression in the brain also revealed that the use of IL-12 had shifted the immune response of the mouse from Th2 type to Th1 type. This study could be used in developing strategies for the treatment of human angiostrongylosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yuan Du
- Division of Parasitology, Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei. Pesticide Toxicology Department, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
|
24
|
Raman K, Kaplan MH, Hogaboam CM, Berlin A, Lukacs NW. STAT4 signal pathways regulate inflammation and airway physiology changes in allergic airway inflammation locally via alteration of chemokines. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2003; 170:3859-65. [PMID: 12646654 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.170.7.3859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Mice homozygous for the STAT4-null mutation were sensitized to cockroach Ag, challenged intratracheally 21 days later, and compared with STAT4-competent allergic mice. The STAT4(-/-) mice showed significant decreases in airway hyperreactivity (AHR) and peribronchial eosinophils compared with wild-type controls. In addition, pulmonary levels of chemokines were decreased in the STAT4(-/-) mice, including CC chemokine ligand (CCL)5, CCL6, CCL11, and CCL17. However, levels of Th2-type cytokines, such as IL-4 and IL-13, as well as serum IgE levels were similar in the two groups. Transfer of splenic lymphocytes from sensitized wild-type mice into sensitized STAT4(-/-) mice did not restore AHR in the mutant mice. Furthermore, chemokine production and peribronchial eosinophilia were not restored during the cellular transfer experiments. Thus, it appears that STAT4 expression contributes to a type 2 process such as allergen-induced chemokine production and AHR. In additional studies, competent allergic mice were treated with anti-IL-12 locally in the airways at the time of allergen rechallenge. These latter studies also demonstrated a decrease in AHR. Altogether, these data suggest that STAT4-mediated pathways play a role locally within the airway for the exacerbation of the allergen-induced responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Raman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pollock KGJ, McNeil KS, Mottram JC, Lyons RE, Brewer JM, Scott P, Coombs GH, Alexander J. The Leishmania mexicana cysteine protease, CPB2.8, induces potent Th2 responses. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2003; 170:1746-53. [PMID: 12574338 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.170.4.1746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We have previously identified that Leishmania mexicana cysteine proteases (CPs) are virulence factors. We have now produced a recombinant L. mexicana CP, CPB2.8, which has similar enzymatic activity to native enzyme. Inoculation of CPB2.8 (< or =5 microg) into the footpads of BALB/c mice not only up-regulated mRNA transcripts for IL-4 and IL-4 production in the draining popliteal lymph nodes, but also polarized splenocyte anti-CD3 stimulated responses toward a Th2 bias as measured by increased IL-5 production compared with controls. In agreement with promoting a Th2 response, CPB2.8 also induced strong specific IgE responses in treated mice as well as increasing whole IgE levels. Inhibition of the enzyme activity of CPB2.8 by treatment with E-64 ablated the enzyme's ability to induce IgE. Significantly, infection of mice with CPB-deficient parasites failed to stimulate production of IgE, unlike infection with wild-type parasites. Furthermore, enzymatically active (<0.1 U/ml) but not E-64-inactivated CPB2.8 was able to proteolytically cleave CD23 and CD25, although not B220 or CD4 from murine lymphocytes. These properties are similar to those demonstrated by the house dust mite allergen Der p I and provide an explanation for the immunomodulatory activity of the CPB2.8 virulence factor. Vaccination with CPB2.8 enhanced L. mexicana lesion growth compared with control animals. Nevertheless, vaccination with IL-12 and CPB2.8 resulted in a degree of protection associated with inhibition of lesion growth and a Th1 response. Thus, CPB2.8 is a potent Th2-inducing molecule capable of significant vaccine potential if administered with a suitable adjuvant.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/administration & dosage
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/deficiency
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/immunology
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/physiology
- Disease Progression
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Enzyme Activation/immunology
- Enzyme Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Female
- Hydrolysis
- Immunoglobulin E/biosynthesis
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Interleukin-12/administration & dosage
- Interleukin-12/immunology
- Leishmania mexicana/enzymology
- Leishmania mexicana/genetics
- Leishmania mexicana/immunology
- Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/enzymology
- Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/etiology
- Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/immunology
- Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/prevention & control
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred CBA
- Protozoan Proteins/administration & dosage
- Protozoan Proteins/genetics
- Protozoan Proteins/immunology
- Protozoan Proteins/physiology
- Protozoan Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Protozoan Vaccines/immunology
- Receptors, IgE/metabolism
- Receptors, Interleukin-2/metabolism
- Th1 Cells/enzymology
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Th1 Cells/metabolism
- Th1 Cells/parasitology
- Th2 Cells/enzymology
- Th2 Cells/immunology
- Th2 Cells/metabolism
- Th2 Cells/parasitology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin G J Pollock
- Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jacquet A, Magi M, Haumont M, Jurado M, Garcia L, Bollen A. Absence of immunoglobulin E synthesis and airway eosinophilia by vaccination with plasmid DNA encoding ProDer p 1. Clin Exp Allergy 2003; 33:218-25. [PMID: 12580915 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01584.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various studies have shown that immunization with naked DNA encoding allergens induces T helper 1(Th1)-biased non-allergic responses. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the polarization of the immune responses induced by vaccinations with plasmid DNA encoding the major mite allergen precursor ProDer p 1. METHODS A DNA vaccine was constructed on the basis of a synthetic cDNA encoding ProDer p 1 with optimized codon usage. The immunogenicity of ProDer p 1 DNA in CBA/J mice was compared with that of purified natural Der p 1 or recombinant ProDer p 1 adjuvanted with alum. Vaccinated mice were subsequently exposed to aerosolized house dust mite extracts to provoke airway inflammation. The presence of inflammatory cells was examined in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids and allergen-specific T cell reactivity was measured. RESULTS Naive mice immunized with ProDer p 1 DNA developed Th1 immune responses characterized by high titres of specific IgG2a antibodies, low titres of specific IgG1 and, remarkably, the absence of anti-ProDer p 1 IgE. No specific responses were observed in animals vaccinated with the blank DNA vector. By contrast, natural Der p 1 or recombinant ProDer p 1 adsorbed to alum induced pronounced Th2 allergic responses with strong specific IgG1 and IgE titres. Spleen cells from DNA ProDer p 1-vaccinated mice secreted high levels of IFN-gamma and low production of IL-5. Conversely, both adjuvanted allergens stimulated typical Th2-type cytokine profile characterized by high and low levels of IL-5 and IFN-gamma, respectively. Whereas BAL eosinophilia was clearly observed in Der p 1-immunized animals, ProDer p 1 DNA as well as ProDer p 1 vaccinations prevented airway eosinophil infiltrations. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that vaccination with DNA encoding ProDer p 1 effectively fails to induce the allergen-induced IgE synthesis and airway cell infiltration. Plasmid DNA encoding ProDer p 1 may provide a novel approach for the treatment of house dust mite allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Jacquet
- Service de Génétique Appliquée, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut de Biologie et de Médecine Moléculaires, Gosselies, Belgium.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Asthma continues to be a significant health care problem, as reflected by the increasing rise in disease morbidity and mortality. Because steroids are relatively safe, clinically effective, and easy to administer, they remain the gold standard of treatment. After many decades of use, however, it is apparent that inhaled corticosteroids have failed to halt the progression of the asthma epidemic. Newer, more effective drugs are being developed to combat this disease, and the interest in developing new medications to treat allergic disease and asthma has increased exponentially. The financial burden of asthma has also been a significant motivating factor in the development of new medications. It is estimated that in 1998 the total cost of asthma on society was $11 billion [175]. This consideration has further intensified the quest to develop more effective asthma medications. Table 1 reviews the wide array of drugs currently being investigated. With the development and approval of novel asthma treatments, millions of asthma sufferers will undoubtedly have increased therapeutic options for control of their disease in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Leonard
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, MRB 8.104, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ye YL, Huang WC, Lee YL, Chiang BL. Interleukin-12 inhibits eotaxin secretion of cultured primary lung cells and alleviates airway inflammation in vivo. Cytokine 2002; 19:76-84. [PMID: 12182842 DOI: 10.1006/cyto.2002.1950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms that cause the inflammation of airway and lung tissue in asthma have been studied extensively. It is noted that type 1T helper cell (Th1)-related cytokines could decrease the accumulation of eosinophils in lung tissue and relieve airway constriction. But the therapeutic mechanisms of Th1 cytokines remain unclear. In this study, interleukin-12 (IL-12) DNA plasmid as a therapeutic reagent was delivered intravenously. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids were collected from IL-12 treated and control mice, and analyzed for cell composition and eotaxin level. The results showed that IL-12 DNA plasmid could effectively inhibit eosinophilia and airway inflammation in vivo. The level of eotaxin in BAL fluid also decreased. To further investigate the effect of Th1-related cytokines such as IL-12 or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on the eotaxin level produced by lung cells, primary lung cell culture was established. The results demonstrated that both IL-12 and IFN-gamma could suppress eotaxin secretion from IL-13 or IL-4 stimulated primary lung cell culture. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of IL-12 could not be reversed by the administration of anti-IFN-gamma antibody. All the evidences suggested that IL-12 could regulate airway inflammation by suppressing the eotaxin secretion of lung tissue through an IFN-gamma independent mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ling Ye
- Departments of Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our study goal was to examine polysomnography, indices of sleep and allergy, and serum and nasal cytokines in allergic and nonallergic subjects. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING In this descriptive, exploratory study, 4 allergic and 4 nonallergic subjects underwent 2 nights of polysomnographic recording with serial measurements of cytokines and completed measures of sleep quality and allergic symptoms. RESULTS Three serum cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1beta, IL-4, and IL-10) were higher in allergic subjects and were termed proallergic. Three serum cytokines (IL-1ra, IL-2, and IL-12) were higher in nonallergic subjects and were termed allergy inhibitory. Proallergic serum cytokines correlated with increased latency to rapid eye movement sleep, decreased time in rapid eye movement sleep, and decreased latency to sleep onset. Low levels of allergy-inhibitory serum cytokines were associated with increased allergic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Differences in serum cytokines between allergic and nonallergic individuals are associated with variations in polysomnography and allergic symptoms. SIGNIFICANCE Understanding these mechanisms may suggest novel approaches to alleviating drowsiness and other symptoms in allergic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helene J Krouse
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lukacs NW, Berlin A, Schols D, Skerlj RT, Bridger GJ. AMD3100, a CxCR4 antagonist, attenuates allergic lung inflammation and airway hyperreactivity. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2002; 160:1353-60. [PMID: 11943720 PMCID: PMC1867206 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)62562-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The role of specific chemokine receptors during allergic asthmatic responses has been relatively undefined. A number of receptors are preferentially expressed on Th2 cells, including CCR4, CCR8, and CxCR4. In the present study, we have examined the role of CxCR4 in the development of cockroach allergen-induced inflammation and airway hyperreactivity in a mouse model of asthma. Using a specific inhibitor of CxCR4, AMD3100, our results indicate that blocking this receptor has a significant effect in down-regulating the inflammation and pathophysiology of the allergen-induced response. Treatment of allergic mice with AMD3100 significantly reduced airway hyperreactivity, peribronchial eosinophilia, and the overall inflammatory responses. In addition, there was a shift in the cytokine profile that was observed in the AMD3100-treated animals. Specifically, there was a significant reduction in interleukin-4 and interleukin-5 levels and a significant increase in interleukin-12 and interferon-gamma levels within the lungs of treated allergic mice. Furthermore, there was a significant alteration in the local chemokine production of CCL22 (MDC) and CCL17 (TARC), two chemokines previously shown to be important in Th2-type allergen responses. Overall, specifically blocking CxCR4 using AMD3100 reduced a number of pathological parameters related to asthmatic-type inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W Lukacs
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0602, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lee YL, Ye YL, Yu CI, Wu YL, Lai YL, Ku PH, Hong RL, Chiang BL. Construction of single-chain interleukin-12 DNA plasmid to treat airway hyperresponsiveness in an animal model of asthma. Hum Gene Ther 2001; 12:2065-79. [PMID: 11747597 DOI: 10.1089/10430340152677412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is strongly associated with the airway inflammation caused by the dysregulated production of cytokines secreted by the allergen-specific type-2 T helper (Th2) cells. Interleukin (IL)-12 is a heterodimeric cytokine, which strongly promotes the differentiation of naive CD4(+) T cells to the type-1 T helper (Th1) phenotype and suppresses the expression of Th2 cytokines. Therefore, immunotherapy with IL-12 has been suggested as a possible therapy for asthma. In previous studies, we developed a murine model of airway inflammation based on the purified, house dust-mite allergen Der p 1 (Dermatophagodies pteronyssinus) as a clinically relevant allergen. We hypothesized that the expression of IL-12 in the airway may represent an effective therapy for allergic airway diseases. In this study, we investigate whether the local transfer of the IL-12 gene to respiratory tissues modifies allergic inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) in our disease model. To enhance the in vivo delivery of the IL-12 gene, we expressed the murine single-chain IL-12 protein from a nonviral vector to which the two IL-12 subunits (p35 and p40) were linked by a 14- to 18-amino-acid linker. One of these single-chain IL-12s, containing an 18 amino-acid polypeptide linker, was stably expressed and had a high level of biological activity comparable to that of native IL-12 in vitro. In mice with Der p 1-induced asthma, the local administration of this IL-12 fusion gene into the lungs significantly prevented the development of AHR, abrogated airway eosinophilia, and inhibited type-2 cytokine production. These findings indicate that the local transfer of the single-chain IL-12 gene is effective in modulating pulmonary allergic responses and may be a convenient method for future applications of DNA vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y L Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Allergen immunotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of allergic diseases and asthma. This article is a brief review of the current approaches, including patient and allergen selection, routes of administration, and use of standardized allergen vaccines. New approaches offering potentially useful strategies based on recent studies of T-cell epitopes, cytokines, and anti-IgE and DNA vaccines also are considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R E Esch
- Greer Laboratories, PO Box 800, 639 Nuway Circle, Lenoir, NC 28645, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Tekkanat KK, Maassab H, Berlin AA, Lincoln PM, Evanoff HL, Kaplan MH, Lukacs NW. Role of interleukin-12 and stat-4 in the regulation of airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in respiratory syncytial virus infection. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2001; 159:631-8. [PMID: 11485921 PMCID: PMC1850534 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)61734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a respiratory pathogen that can cause significant morbidity in infants and young children. Interestingly, the majority of children who acquire a RSV infection do not exhibit severe symptoms. Development of a Th1 response has been associated with resolution of symptoms in viral infections and may explain mild RSV illness. The current study investigated the cytokine response observed in mild disease in C57BL/6 mice that had low airway resistance and mucus production with little pulmonary inflammation. RSV infection in these mice was accompanied by a fourfold increase in interleukin-12(IL-12). Treatment of RSV-infected mice with anti-IL-12 resulted in an increase in airway hyperreactivity, mucus production, and airway inflammation (eosinophilia). Since IL-12 activation is dependent on Stat-4-mediated intracellular signal transduction, similar experiments were performed in Stat-4 deficient mice and demonstrated similar results to those obtained from anti-IL-12 treated mice. Again, there was an increase in airway hyperreactivity and mucus production, and goblet cell hypertrophy. These studies support the importance of IL-12 in the immune response to RSV infection resulting in resolution of disease and protection from inappropriate inflammatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K K Tekkanat
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, 1301 Catherine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0602, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Tournoy KG, Kips JC, Pauwels RA. Counterbalancing of TH2-driven allergic airway inflammation by IL-12 does not require IL-10. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 107:483-91. [PMID: 11240949 DOI: 10.1067/mai.2001.112693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is characterized by allergen-induced airway inflammation orchestrated by TH2 cells. The TH1-promoting cytokine IL-12 is capable of inhibiting the TH2-driven allergen-induced airway changes in mice and is therefore regarded as an interesting strategy for treating asthma. OBJECTIVE The antiallergic effects of IL-12 are only partially dependent of IFN-gamma. Because IL-12 is a potent inducer of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, the aim of the present study was to investigate in vivo whether the antiallergic effects of IL-12 are mediated through IL-10. METHODS C57BL/6J-IL-10 knock-out (IL-10(-/-)) mice were sensitized intraperitoneally to ovalbumin (OVA) and subsequently exposed from day 14 to day 21 to aerosolized OVA (1%). IL-12 was administered intraperitoneally during sensitization, subsequent OVA exposure, or both. RESULTS IL-12 inhibited the OVA-induced airway eosinophilia, despite the absence of IL-10. Moreover, a shift from a TH2 inflammatory pattern toward a TH1 reaction was observed, with concomitant pronounced mononuclear peribronchial inflammation after IL-12 treatment. Allergen-specific IgE synthesis was completely suppressed only when IL-12 was administered along with the allergen sensitization. Furthermore, treating the animals with IL-12 at the time of the secondary allergen challenge resulted not only in a significant suppression of the airway responsiveness but also in an important IFN-gamma-associated toxicity. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that IL-12 is able to inhibit allergen-induced airway changes, even in the absence of IL-10. In addition, our results raise concerns regarding the redirection of TH2 inflammation by TH1-inducing therapies because treatment with IL-12 resulted not only in a disappearance of the TH2 inflammation but also in a TH1-driven inflammatory pulmonary pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K G Tournoy
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
|
36
|
Rempel JD, Wang MD, HayGlass KT. Failure of rIL-12 administration to inhibit established IgE responses in vivo is associated with enhanced IL-4 synthesis by non-B/non-T cells. Int Immunol 2000; 12:1025-34. [PMID: 10882414 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/12.7.1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Administration of rIL-12 offers a widely successful tactic for preferential induction of type 1 immune responses in vivo. Its use to modulate ongoing cytokine or effector responses has proven to be substantially more difficult. Immediate hypersensitivity is the most common human immunologic disease. Here, rIL-12 was administered to C57Bl/6 and outbred CD1 mice with ongoing ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgE responses in an attempt to redirect established type 2 cytokine and antibody production. Despite use of a broad range of treatment protocols for >4 months following initial immunization, recall IgE responses were consistently unaffected. rIL-12-treated mice exhibited strong in vivo and in vitro IFN-gamma responses, increased approximately 40-fold relative to controls, but also markedly enhanced (15- to 20-fold) OVA-specific IL-4 production. CD4 T cell function was successfully transformed from a type 2- to a type 1-dominated pattern following long-term IL-12 administration in vivo, as measured by strongly reduced IL-4 and IL-10 responses in antigen-stimulated primary culture, and 5-fold reductions in the frequencies of IL-4- and IL-10-producing OVA-specific CD4 T cells. However, chronically rIL-12-treated mice exhibited increased numbers of non-B/non-T cells that when re-stimulated with specific allergen, produce IL-4 at levels 20-fold higher than did CD4 T cells while IL-13 responses are unaffected. Collectively, the data indicate that even effectively shifting CD4 T cell activation from a type 2- to a type 1-dominated response does not in itself lead to altered effector (IgE) responses upon antigen re-exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D Rempel
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, 626-730 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0W3, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yokouchi Y, Nukaga Y, Shibasaki M, Noguchi E, Kimura K, Ito S, Nishihara M, Yamakawa-Kobayashi K, Takeda K, Imoto N, Ichikawa K, Matsui A, Hamaguchi H, Arinami T. Significant evidence for linkage of mite-sensitive childhood asthma to chromosome 5q31-q33 near the interleukin 12 B locus by a genome-wide search in Japanese families. Genomics 2000; 66:152-60. [PMID: 10860660 DOI: 10.1006/geno.2000.6201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Childhood-onset asthma is frequently found in association with atopy. Although asthmatic children may develop IgE antibodies against variety of allergens, asthma is associated primarily with allergy to house-dust mites, molds, or other allergens. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide linkage search in 47 Japanese families (197 members) with more than two mite-sensitive atopic asthmatics (65 affected sib-pairs) using 398 markers. Multipoint linkage analysis was carried out for atopic asthma as a qualitative trait using the MAPMAKER/SIB program. We observed significant evidence for linkage with maximum lod scores (MLS) of 4.8 near the interleukin 12 B gene locus on chromosome 5q31-q33. In addition, suggestive evidence on 4q35 with MLS = 2.7 and on 13q11 with MLS = 2.4 was obtained. The other possible linkage regions included 6p22-p21.3 (MLS = 2.1), 12q21-q23 (MLS = 1.9), and 13q14.1-q14.3 (MLS = 2.0). Many of the linkage loci suggested in this study were at or close to those suggested by genome-wide studies for asthma in Caucasian populations. The present study suggests the contribution of the interleukin 12 B gene or nearby gene(s) to mite-sensitive atopic asthma and a considerable number of genetic variants common across Caucasians and Japanese populations contributing to asthma, although the relative importance of various variants may differ between the groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yokouchi
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Papp Z, Middleton DM, Røntved CM, Foldvari M, Gordon JR, Baca-Estrada ME. Transtracheal administration of interleukin-12 induces neutrophil responses in the murine lung. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2000; 20:191-5. [PMID: 10714555 DOI: 10.1089/107999000312603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the roles of interleukin-12 (IL-12) in the immunomodulation of antigen-specific responses are well characterized, the effects of IL-12 on the respiratory tract following mucosal administration are not well defined. Therefore, we investigated changes in the murine lung shortly after intranasal (i.n.) administration of murine IL-12. We showed that IL-12 induced neutrophil influx to the murine lung in both C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Histologic examination revealed that intranasal administration of IL-12 with liposomes induced focal neutrophil infiltration into the alveoli and a significant increase in neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids when compared with administration of liposomes alone. In vitro chemotaxis assays indicated that the observed pulmonary neutrophil response induced by IL-12 could have been due in part to the direct chemotactic activity of IL-12 for murine neutrophils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Papp
- Veterinary Infectious Disease Organization, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
De Wit D, Amraoui Z, Vincart B, Michel O, Michils A, Van Overvelt L, Willems F, Goldman M. Helper T-cell responses elicited by Der p 1-pulsed dendritic cells and recombinant IL-12 in atopic and healthy subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000; 105:346-52. [PMID: 10669857 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-6749(00)90086-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental allergens, such as Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus group 1 antigen (Der p 1), induce T(H2)-type responses in atopic patients, whereas healthy individuals have T(H1)-type responses to the same antigens. Because of their efficient synthesis of IL-12, dendritic cells (DCs) are potent inducers of T(H1)-type immune responses. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether DCs would skew allergen-specific T(H2)-type responses from atopic individuals. METHODS Purified CD4(+) T cells from healthy donors or atopic individuals were cultured in the absence or presence of recombinant (r)IL-12 with DCs derived from PBMCs and pulsed with Der p 1. Supernatants of DC-T cell cocultures were assayed by ELISA for IL-5 and IFN-gamma. RESULTS A T(H1)-type response developed in purified CD4(+) T cells from healthy donors in response to Der p 1-pulsed DCs, as indicated by high levels of IFN-gamma in culture supernatants. In contrast, CD4(+) T cells from atopic donors displayed a T(H2)-type profile characterized by high levels of IL-5 and low levels of IFN-gamma. The addition of rIL-12 (10 ng/mL) to DC-T cell cocultures resulted in the induction of IFN-gamma secretion by Der p 1-specific CD4(+) T cells from atopic patients, whereas their production of IL-5 was not inhibited. Using flow cytometry after intracytoplasmic staining, we found that IFN-gamma and IL-5 were secreted by distinct CD4(+) T-cell subpopulations. CONCLUSION The cytokine profile of Der p 1-specific T(H2)-like cells from atopic individuals is maintained when the allergen is presented by DCs, even in the presence of exogenous rIL-12.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D De Wit
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and Centre de recherche Inter-Universitaire en Vaccinologie (C.R.I.V), Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Increased levels of free 5-HT have been shown to be present in the plasma of symptomatic asthmatic patients compared with levels in asymptomatic patients. In addition, free 5-HT has been shown to correlate positively with clinical status and negatively with pulmonary function. These findings suggest that 5-HT might play a role in the pathophysiology of acute asthma. Accordingly, modifiers of the 5-HT transmitter system such as compounds that affect the 5-HT transporter, prejunctional 5-HT receptors or postsynaptic 5-HT receptors might represent a novel treatment of asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Cazzola
- Cardarelli Hospital, Via del Parco Margherita 24, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tournoy KG, Kips JC, Schou C, Pauwels RA. Airway eosinophilia is not a requirement for allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. Clin Exp Allergy 2000; 30:79-85. [PMID: 10606934 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2000.00772.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND House dust mites (HDMs) are the major source of perennial allergens causing human allergic asthma. Animal models mimicking as closely as possible the allergic features observed in human asthma are therefore interesting tools for studying the immunological and pathophysiological mechanisms involved. Especially the role of eosinophils and allergen-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E in the pathophysiology of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) remains a subject of intense debate. OBJECTIVE To develop a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness based on the use of purified house dust mite allergen (Der p 1) as clinical relevant allergen. Furthermore, we studied the effects of low dose allergen exposure on the airway eosinophilia and AHR. METHODS On day 0, C57Bl/6 mice were immunized with purified Der p 1 intraperitoneally. From day 14-20, the mice were exposed daily to a 30-min aerosol of different concentrations of house dust mite extract. RESULTS Mice, actively immunized with Der p 1 and subsequently exposed to HDM aerosols, developed AHR, eosinophil infiltration of the airways and allergen-specific IgE. Moreover, lowering the concentration of the HDM aerosol also induced AHR and IgE without apparent eosinophil influx into the airways. Der p 1-sensitized mice exposed to PBS produced IgE, but did not show AHR or eosinophil influx. CONCLUSION This in vivo model of HDM-induced allergic airway changes suggests that AHR is not related to either eosinophil influx or allergen-specific serum IgE, thereby reducing the importance of these factors as essential elements for allergic AHR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K G Tournoy
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital Gent, Gent, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|