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Carmi YK, Agbarya A, Khamaisi H, Farah R, Shechtman Y, Korobochka R, Gopas J, Mahajna J. Ovarian cancer ascites confers platinum chemoresistance to ovarian cancer cells. Transl Oncol 2024; 44:101939. [PMID: 38489872 PMCID: PMC10955424 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC), the second most common form of gynecologic malignancy, has a poor prognosis and is often discovered in the late stages. Platinum-based chemotherapy is the first line of therapy. Nevertheless, treatment OC has proven challenging due to toxicity and the development of acquired resistance to therapy. Tumor microenvironment (TME) has been associated with platinum chemoresistance. Malignant ascites has been used as OC tumor microenvironment and its ability to induce platinum chemoresistance has been investigated. Our results suggest that exposure to OC ascites induces platinum chemoresistance in 11 of 13 cases (85 %) on OC cells. In contrast, 75 % of cirrhotic ascites (3 of 4) failed to confer platinum chemoresistance to OC cells. Cytokine array analysis revealed that IL -6 and to a lesser extent HGF were enriched in OC ascites, whereas IL -22 was enriched in cirrhotic ascites. Pharmaceutical inhibitors targeting the IL -6/ JAK pathway were mildly effective in overcoming platinum chemoresistance induced by malignant ascites. In contrast, crizotinib, an HGF/c- MET inhibitor, and 2-hydroxyestradiol (2HE2) were effective in restoring platinum chemosensitivity to OC. Our results demonstrate the importance of OC ascites in supporting platinum chemoresistance and the potential of combination therapy to restore chemosensitivity of OC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifat Koren Carmi
- Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, Migal - Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel; Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, and Department of Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Abed Agbarya
- Oncology Department, Bnai Zion MC, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hazem Khamaisi
- Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, Migal - Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Raymond Farah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ziv Medical Center, Safed, Israel
| | | | | | - Jacob Gopas
- Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, and Department of Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, Migal - Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel; Department of Biotechnology, Tel-Hai College, Kiryat Shmona, Israel.
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2
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Zheng W, Guo Y, Kahar A, Bai J, Zhu Q, Huang X, Li Y, Xu B, Jia X, Wu G, Zhang C, Zhu Y. RUNX1-induced upregulation of PTGS2 enhances cell growth, migration and invasion in colorectal cancer cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11670. [PMID: 38778047 PMCID: PMC11111780 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) arises via the progressive accumulation of dysregulation in key genes including oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2, also called COX2) acts as an oncogenic driver in CRC. Here, we explored the upstream transcription factors (TFs) responsible for elevating PTGS2 expression in CRC cells. The results showed that PTGS2 silencing repressed cell growth, migration and invasion in HCT116 and SW480 CRC cells. The two fragments (499-981 bp) and (1053-1434 bp) were confirmed as the core TF binding profiles of the PTGS2 promoter. PTGS2 expression positively correlated with RUNX1 level in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) samples using the TCGA-COAD dataset. Furthermore, RUNX1 acted as a positive regulator of PTGS2 expression by promoting transcriptional activation of the PTGS2 promoter via the 1086-1096 bp binding motif. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that PTGS2 upregulation induced by the TF RUNX1 promotes CRC cell growth, migration and invasion, providing an increased rationale for the use of PTGS2 inhibitors in CRC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
- Hepatobiliary Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Red Star Hospital of the 13th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Hami, 839000, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, China
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Yingchang Guo
- Department of Interventional Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Aihemaiti Kahar
- Hepatobiliary Gastrointestinal Surgery Department, Red Star Hospital of the 13th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Hami, 839000, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, China
| | - Junwei Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Qinhui Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shangcai People's Hospital, Zhumadian, 463800, Henan, China
| | - Xinli Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Suiping People's Hospital, Zhumadian, 463100, Henan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Bingyi Xu
- Weihui People's Hospital, Weihui, 453100, Henan, China
| | - Xueshan Jia
- Development Department, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
| | - Yuanzeng Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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3
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Ma S, Yao H, Si X, Huang Z, Wang R, Wan R, Tang Z, Wang G, Song W. Orally available dextran-aspirin nanomedicine modulates gut inflammation and microbiota homeostasis for primary colorectal cancer therapy. J Control Release 2024; 370:528-542. [PMID: 38705520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Reversing the aggravated immunosuppression hence overgrowth of colorectal cancer (CRC) caused by the gut inflammation and microbiota dysbiosis is pivotal for effective CRC therapy and metastasis inhibition. However, the low delivery efficiency and severe dose-limiting off-target toxicities caused by unsatisfied drug delivery systems remain the major obstacles in precisely modulating gut inflammation and microbiota in CRC therapy. Herein, a multifunctional oral dextran-aspirin nanomedicine (P3C-Asp) was utilized for oral treatment of primary CRC, as it could release salicylic acid (SA) while scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and held great potential in modulating gut microbiota with prebiotic (dextran). Oral P3C-Asp retained in CRC tissues for over 12 h and significantly increased SA accumulation in CRC tissues over free aspirin (10.8-fold at 24 h). The enhanced SA accumulation and ROS scavenging of P3C-Asp cooperatively induced more potent inflammation relief over free aspirin, characterized as lower level of cyclooxygenase-2 and immunosuppressive cytokines. Remarkably, P3C-Asp promoted the microbiota homeostasis and notably increased the relative abundance of strengthening systemic anti-cancer immune response associated microbiota, especially lactobacillus and Akkermansia to 6.66- and 103- fold over the control group. Additionally, a demonstrable reduction in pathogens associated microbiota (among 96% to 79%) including Bacteroides could be detected. In line with our findings, inflammation relief along with enhanced abundance of lactobacillus was positively correlated with CRC inhibition. In primary CRC model, P3C-Asp achieved 2.1-fold tumor suppression rate over free aspirin, with an overall tumor suppression rate of 85%. Moreover, P3C-Asp cooperated with αPD-L1 further reduced the tumor weight of each mouse and extended the median survival of mice by 29 days over αPD-L1 alone. This study unravels the synergistic effect of gut inflammation and microbiota modulation in primary CRC treatment, and unlocks an unconventional route for immune regulation in TME with oral nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Haochen Yao
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xinghui Si
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zichao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ruoyi Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Renming Wan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- Department of Pathogenobiology, The Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Wantong Song
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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4
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Jiao M, Zhang Y, Song X, Xu B. The role and mechanism of TXNDC5 in disease progression. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1354952. [PMID: 38629066 PMCID: PMC11019510 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1354952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin domain containing protein-5 (TXNDC5), also known as endothelial protein-disulfide isomerase (Endo-PDI), is confined to the endoplasmic reticulum through the structural endoplasmic reticulum retention signal (KDEL), is a member of the PDI protein family and is highly expressed in the hypoxic state. TXNDC5 can regulate the rate of disulfide bond formation, isomerization and degradation of target proteins through its function as a protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), thereby altering protein conformation, activity and improving protein stability. Several studies have shown that there is a significant correlation between TXNDC5 gene polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility to inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid, fibrosis and tumors. In this paper, we detail the expression characteristics of TXNDC5 in a variety of diseases, summarize the mechanisms by which TXNDC5 promotes malignant disease progression, and summarize potential therapeutic strategies to target TXNDC5 for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Jiao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Province Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Nephrosis, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yeyong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xie Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Province Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation and Nephrosis, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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5
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Su JY, Wang Y, Wu SS, Li WK, Wang CY, Ma JY, Qiu YT, Zhou MS, Wang Z, Li P, Liu CT, Wu J. Association between new plasma inflammatory markers and risk of colorectal neoplasms in individuals over 50 years old. Carcinogenesis 2023; 44:824-836. [PMID: 37713476 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) The prognostic value of systemic cytokine profiles and inflammatory markers in colorectal cancer were explored by several studies. We want to know more about inflammatory biomarkers in colorectal adenoma and early cancer. METHOD The level of 38 inflammatory markers in the plasma of 112 adenoma patients, 72 Tis-T1 staging of colorectal carcinoma patients, 34 T2-T4 staging of colorectal carcinoma patients and 53 normal subjects were detected and compared. RESULT(S) Eight inflammatory biomarkers (Eotaxin, GCSF, IL-4, IL-5, IL-17E, MCP-1, TNF-α and VEGF-A) have higher plasma concentrations in colorectal adenoma and cancer patients compared with normal participants over 50 years old. CONCLUSION(S) Inflammatory markers may have the prognostic value for colorectal adenoma and early-stage carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Presbyatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shang-Shang Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing 100050, China
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wen-Kun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Cheng-Yao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiu-Yue Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yu-Ting Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Min-Si Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chun-Tao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing 100050, China
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6
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Zhang F, Zhu G, Li Y, Qi Y, Wang Z, Li W. Dual-target inhibitors based on COX-2: a review from medicinal chemistry perspectives. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:2209-2233. [PMID: 38095081 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of COX-2 constitute a class of anti-inflammatory analgesics, showing potential against certain types of cancer. However, such inhibitors are associated with cardiovascular toxicity. Moreover, although single-target molecules possess specificity for particular targets, they often lead to poor safety, low efficacy and drug resistance due to compensatory mechanisms. A new generation of dual-target drugs that simultaneously inhibit COX-2 and another target is showing strong potential to treat cancer or reduce adverse cardiac effects. The present perspective focuses on the structure and functions of COX-2, and its role as a therapeutic target. It also explores the current state and future possibilities for dual-target strategies from a medicinal chemistry perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengmei Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health & Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health & Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yangqian Li
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health & Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yawen Qi
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health & Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhoufeng Wang
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health & Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health & Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
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7
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Wedel S, Hahnefeld L, Schreiber Y, Namendorf C, Heymann T, Uhr M, Schmidt MV, de Bruin N, Hausch F, Thomas D, Geisslinger G, Sisignano M. SAFit2 ameliorates paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain by reducing spinal gliosis and elevating pro-resolving lipid mediators. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:149. [PMID: 37355700 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02835-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CIPN) describes a pathological pain state that occurs dose-dependently as a side effect and can limit or even impede an effective cancer therapy. Unfortunately, current treatment possibilities for CIPN are remarkably confined and mostly inadequate as CIPN therapeutics themselves consist of low effectiveness and may induce severe side effects, pointing out CIPN as pathological entity with an emerging need for novel treatment targets. Here, we investigated whether the novel and highly specific FKBP51 inhibitor SAFit2 reduces paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain. METHODS In this study, we used a well-established multiple low-dose paclitaxel model to investigate analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of SAFit2. For this purpose, the behavior of the mice was recorded over 14 days and the mouse tissue was then analyzed using biochemical methods. RESULTS Here, we show that SAFit2 is capable to reduce paclitaxel-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in mice. In addition, we detected that SAFit2 shifts lipid levels in nervous tissue toward an anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid profile that counteracts peripheral sensitization after paclitaxel treatment. Furthermore, SAFit2 reduced the activation of astrocytes and microglia in the spinal cord as well as the levels of pain-mediating chemokines. Its treatment also increased anti-inflammatory cytokines levels in neuronal tissues, ultimately leading to a resolution of neuroinflammation. CONCLUSIONS In summary, SAFit2 shows antihyperalgesic properties as it ameliorates paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain by reducing peripheral sensitization and resolving neuroinflammation. Therefore, we consider SAFit2 as a potential novel drug candidate for the treatment of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Wedel
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lisa Hahnefeld
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yannick Schreiber
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christian Namendorf
- Core Unit Analytics and Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Heymann
- Department of Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Manfred Uhr
- Core Unit Analytics and Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Core Unit Analytics and Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Natasja de Bruin
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Felix Hausch
- Department of Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marco Sisignano
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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8
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Nascimento RDPD, Rizzato JS, Polezi G, Moya AMTM, Silva MF, Machado APDF, Franchi Junior GC, Borguini RG, Santiago MCPDA, Paiotti APR, Pereira JA, Martinez CAR, Marostica Junior MR. Freeze-dried jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba (Vell.) O. Berg) peel powder, a rich source of anthocyanins and phenolic acids, mitigates inflammation-driven colorectal cancer in mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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9
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Aru B, Gümüşgöz Çelik G, Harmandar K, Şahin B, Gürek AG, Atilla D, Yanıkkaya Demirel G. Chemo-photodynamic Activity of Silicon Phthalocyanines Bearing Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors on Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:3936-3950. [PMID: 35802827 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer ranks as the third most lethal cancer worldwide, resulting in over 1 million cases and 900 000 deaths per year. According to population-based studies, administration of long-term non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was proven to reduce the risk of a subject developing colorectal cancer. In the present study, the anti-cancer activity of two different NSAIDs, sulindac- (Pc-1) or diclofenac-substituted (Pc-2) asymmetric silicon phthalocyanine derivatives, was evaluated in four different colorectal cancer cell lines bearing various carcinogenic mutations. In this context, the IC50 values of each compound after 24 and 48 h were determined on HCT116, SW480, LoVo, and HT29 cell lines, and the effects of the compounds on programmed cell death pathways apoptosis and autophagy, their impact on cell cycle progression, and the effect of NSAID moieties they bear on COX-1 and COX-2 proteins were analyzed. In addition, the photophysical and photochemical properties of a synthesized Pc derivative bearing axial diclofenac and triethylene glycol groups (Pc-2) have been investigated, and the compound has been characterized by using different analytical techniques. Our results indicated that both compounds inhibit COX protein expression levels, activate apoptosis in all cell lines, and lead to cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, depending on the COX expression profiles of the cell lines, indicating that NSAIDs can be coupled with Pc's to achieve increased anti-cancer activity, especially on cancer cells known to have high COX activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Başak Aru
- Faculty of Medicine, Immunology Department, Yeditepe University, 34755 Ataşehir, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Gümüşgöz Çelik
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Kevser Harmandar
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Belgin Şahin
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Gül Gürek
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Devrim Atilla
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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10
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Yang J, Hu Y, Zhang B, Liang X, Li X. The JMJD Family Histone Demethylases in Crosstalk Between Inflammation and Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:881396. [PMID: 35558079 PMCID: PMC9090529 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.881396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has emerged as a key player in regulating cancer initiation, progression, and therapeutics, acting as a double edged sword either facilitating cancer progression and therapeutic resistance or inducing anti-tumor immune responses. Accumulating evidence has linked the epigenetic modifications of histones to inflammation and cancer, and histone modifications-based strategies have shown promising therapeutic potentials against cancer. The jumonji C domain-containing (JMJD) family histone demethylases have exhibited multiple regulator functions in inflammatory processes and cancer development, and a number of therapeutic strategies targeting JMJD histone demethylases to modulate inflammatory cells and their products have been successfully evaluated in clinical or preclinical tumor models. This review summarizes current understanding of the functional roles and mechanisms of JMJD histone demethylases in crosstalk between inflammation and cancer, and highlights recent clinical and preclinical progress on harnessing the JMJD histone demethylases to regulate cancer-related inflammation for future cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pediatric Nephrology Nursing, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pediatric Nephrology Nursing, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Binjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Pediatric Nephrology Nursing, Development and Related Disease of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Liu X, Yin L, Shen S, Hou Y. Inflammation and cancer: paradoxical roles in tumorigenesis and implications in immunotherapies. Genes Dis 2021; 10:151-164. [PMID: 37013041 PMCID: PMC10066281 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation caused by persistent infections and metabolic disorders is thought to contribute to the increased cancer risk and the accelerated cancer progression. Oppositely, acute inflammation induced by bacteria-based vaccines or that is occurring after cancer selectively inhibits cancer progression and metastasis. However, the interaction between inflammation and cancer may be more complex than the current explanations for the relationship between chronic and acute inflammation and cancer. In this review, we described the impact of inflammation on cancer on the basis of three perspectives, including inflammation with different durations (chronic and acute inflammation), different scopes (systemic and local inflammation) and different occurrence sequences (inflammation occurring after and before cancer). In addition, we also introduced bacteria/virus-based cancer immunotherapies. We perceive that inflammation may be a double-edged sword with cancer-promoting and cancer-suppressing functions in certain cases. We expect to further improve the understanding of the relationship between inflammation and cancer and provide a theoretical basis for further research on their complex interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Lijie Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Sunan Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
- Corresponding author. The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. Fax: +86 25 8968 8441.
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
- Corresponding author. The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China. Fax: +86 25 8968 8441.
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12
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Berbecka M, Forma A, Baj J, Furtak-Niczyporuk M, Maciejewski R, Sitarz R. A Systematic Review of the Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Expression in Rectal Cancer Patients Treated with Preoperative Radiotherapy or Radiochemotherapy. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4443. [PMID: 34640461 PMCID: PMC8509380 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this systematic review is to investigate the expression level of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in rectal cancer treated with either preoperative radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy. In addition, we have summarized the effects of preoperative treatment of rectal cancer with regards to the expression levels of COX-2. A systematic literature review was performed in The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases on 1 January 2021 with the usage of the following search string-(cyclooxygenase-2) OR (COX-2) AND (rectal cancer) AND (preoperative radiochemotherapy) OR (preoperative radiotherapy). Among the 176 included in the analysis, only 13 studies were included for data extraction with a total number of 2095 patients. The results of the analysis are based on the articles concerning the expression of COX-2 in rectal cancer among patients treated with preoperative radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy. A COX-2 expression is an early event involved in rectal cancer development. In cases of negative COX-2 expression, radiotherapy and radiochemotherapy might contribute to the reduction of a local recurrence. Therefore, COX-2 may be considered as a biologic factor while selecting patients for more effective, less time-consuming and less expensive preoperative treatment. However, the utility of the administration of COX-2 inhibitors to patients with COX-2 overexpression, in an attempt to improve the patients' response rate to the neoadjuvant treatment, needs an assessment in further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Berbecka
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Alicja Forma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | | | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Robert Sitarz
- Department of Normal Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
- Department of Surgical Oncology, St. John’s Cancer Center, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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13
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Inflammation and tumor progression: signaling pathways and targeted intervention. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:263. [PMID: 34248142 PMCID: PMC8273155 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 664] [Impact Index Per Article: 221.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer development and its response to therapy are regulated by inflammation, which either promotes or suppresses tumor progression, potentially displaying opposing effects on therapeutic outcomes. Chronic inflammation facilitates tumor progression and treatment resistance, whereas induction of acute inflammatory reactions often stimulates the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and antigen presentation, leading to anti-tumor immune responses. In addition, multiple signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT), toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways, cGAS/STING, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK); inflammatory factors, including cytokines (e.g., interleukin (IL), interferon (IFN), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α), chemokines (e.g., C-C motif chemokine ligands (CCLs) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligands (CXCLs)), growth factors (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β), and inflammasome; as well as inflammatory metabolites including prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxane, and specialized proresolving mediators (SPM), have been identified as pivotal regulators of the initiation and resolution of inflammation. Nowadays, local irradiation, recombinant cytokines, neutralizing antibodies, small-molecule inhibitors, DC vaccines, oncolytic viruses, TLR agonists, and SPM have been developed to specifically modulate inflammation in cancer therapy, with some of these factors already undergoing clinical trials. Herein, we discuss the initiation and resolution of inflammation, the crosstalk between tumor development and inflammatory processes. We also highlight potential targets for harnessing inflammation in the treatment of cancer.
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14
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer has served as a genetic and biological paradigm for the evolution of solid tumors, and these insights have illuminated early detection, risk stratification, prevention, and treatment principles. Employing the hallmarks of cancer framework, we provide a conceptual framework to understand how genetic alterations in colorectal cancer drive cancer cell biology properties and shape the heterotypic interactions across cells in the tumor microenvironment. This review details research advances pertaining to the genetics and biology of colorectal cancer, emerging concepts gleaned from immune and single-cell profiling, and critical advances and remaining knowledge gaps influencing the development of effective therapies for this cancer that remains a major public health burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexi Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xingdi Ma
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Deepavali Chakravarti
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Shabnam Shalapour
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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15
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Cytoguardin: A Tryptophan Metabolite against Cancer Growth and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094490. [PMID: 33925793 PMCID: PMC8123408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoguardin was identified in the conditioned medium of fibroblasts as a tryptophan metabolite, 5-methoxytryptophan (5-MTP). It is synthesized via two enzymatic steps: tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) and hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase (HIOMT). A truncated HIOMT isoform, HIOMT298, catalyzes 5-MTP synthesis. Cancer cells produce scarce 5-MTP due to defective HIOMT298 expression. 5-MTP inhibits cancer cell COX-2 expression and thereby reduces COX-2-mediated cell proliferation and migration. 5-MTP also inhibits MMP-9 expression and thereby reduces cancer cell invasion. 5-MTP exerts its anti-cancer effect by blocking p38 MAPK and p38-mediated NF-κB and p300 HAT activation. The stable transfection of A549 cells with HIOMT298 restores 5-MTP production which renders cancer cells less aggressive. The implantation of HIOMT-transfected A549 into subcutaneous tissues of a murine xenograft tumor model shows that HIOMT-transduced A549 cells form smaller tumors and generate fewer metastatic lung nodules than control A549 cells. HIOMT298 transfection suppresses aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) expression and serotonin production. Serotonin is a cancer-promoting factor. By restoring 5-MTP and suppressing serotonin production, HIOMT298 overexpression converts cancer cells into less malignant phenotypes. The analysis of HIOMT expression in a human cancer tissue array showed reduced HIOMT levels in a majority of colorectal, pancreatic, and breast cancer. HIOMT298 may be a biomarker of human cancer progression. Furthermore, 5-MTP has the potential to be a lead compound in the development of new therapy for the chemoprevention of certain cancers such as hepatocellular cancer.
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16
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Molecular Genetics and the Role of Molecularly Targeted Agents in Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 51:387-400. [PMID: 31273629 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-019-00272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. It is the third most common malignancy and fourth leading cancer-related deaths worldwide. In the USA, CRC is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women. It is caused by genetic components and potential environmental factors such as consumption of processed meat, red meat, animal fats, low fiber intake, and obesity. Despite the utilization of effective screening modalities and guidelines in the USA, a significant number of patients are diagnosed with advanced, metastatic disease at the time of presentation to the physician. Recent advances in the understanding of molecular medicine with subsequent development and incorporation of newer therapeutic agents into current chemotherapeutic regimens have improved outcomes; however, the management of metastatic CRC remains challenging, particularly for the treating oncologists. METHODS We conducted a literature search on CRC mainly related to molecular genetics, targeted biologic agents, and published clinical trials. We also searched and reviewed ongoing clinical trials from Clinicaltrials.gov. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Alterations in several oncogenes are associated with CRC, among those RAS, BRAF, and HER2 are of current clinical importance. Chemotherapy drugs, along with vascular endothelial growth factor or epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies, are proven to be efficient with manageable toxicity profiles in metastatic CRC. Additional researches on Her-2-directed therapy, BRAF-targeted agents, immunotherapeutic, and newer molecularly targeted agents are needed for further improvement in outcome.
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17
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Ala M. The footprint of kynurenine pathway in every cancer: a new target for chemotherapy. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 896:173921. [PMID: 33529725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of cancers has always been a challenge for physicians. Typically, several groups of anti-cancer medications are needed for effective management of an invasive and metastatic cancer. Recently, therapeutic potentiation of immune system markedly improved treatment of cancers. Kynurenine pathway has an interwoven correlation with immune system. Kynurenine promotes T Reg (regulatory) differentiation, which leads to increased production of anti-inflammatory cytokines and suppression of cytotoxic activity of T cells. Overactivation of kynurenine pathway in cancers provides an immunologically susceptible microenvironment for mutant cells to survive and invade surrounding tissues. Interestingly, kynurenine pathway vigorously interacts with other molecular pathways involved in tumorigenesis. For instance, kynurenine pathway interacts with phospoinosisitide-3 kinase (PI3K), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), Wnt/β-catenin, P53, bridging integrator 1 (BIN-1), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and collagen type XII α1 chain (COL12A1). Overactivation of kynurenine pathway, particularly overactivation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) predicts poor prognosis of several cancers such as gastrointestinal cancers, gynecological cancers, hematologic malignancies, breast cancer, lung cancer, glioma, melanoma, prostate cancer and pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, kynurenine increases the invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance of cancer cells. Recently, IDO inhibitors entered clinical trials and successfully passed their safety tests and showed promising therapeutic efficacy for cancers such as melanoma, brain cancer, renal cell carcinoma, prostate cancer and pancreatic cancer. However, a phase III trial of epacadostat, an IDO inhibitor, could not increase the efficacy of treatment with pembrolizumab for melanoma. In this review the expanding knowledge towards kynurenine pathway and its application in each cancer is discussed separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Ala
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Ala M, Kheyri Z. The rationale for selenium supplementation in inflammatory bowel disease: A mechanism-based point of view. Nutrition 2021; 85:111153. [PMID: 33578241 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has always been a challenge for physicians. Current treatment protocols may cause numerous adverse effects. Selenium is known for its putative antiinflammatory properties. Selenium is needed for the biosynthesis of enzymatically active selenoproteins, which contribute to antioxidative defense, and effective function of immune systems. Several studies have shown that patients with IBD have a lower selenium level compared to healthy subjects. Hence, experimental studies mimicking ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease investigated the effect of selenium supplementation on IBD. Previous studies indicated the following: 1) Selenoproteins can curb the inflammatory response and attenuate oxidative stress. This antiinflammatory property caused remission in animal models of colitis. 2) Selenium supports protective gut microbiota, which indirectly improves management of IBD. 3) Selenium may block some of the predominant tumorigenesis pathways proposed in colitis-associated colorectal cancer. 4) Selenium supplementation showed promising results in preliminary clinical studies, particularly in patients with selenium deficiency. While selenium supplementation seems to be beneficial for IBD, clinical studies have remained too preliminary in this regard. Randomized clinical trials are needed to measure the short-term and long-term effects of selenium on both active and quiescent IBD, particularly in patients with IBD who have documented selenium deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Ala
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahedin Kheyri
- Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Jamalan M, Barzegari E, Gholami-Borujeni F. Structure-Based Screening to Discover New Inhibitors for Papain-like Proteinase of SARS-CoV-2: An In Silico Study. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:1015-1026. [PMID: 33350309 PMCID: PMC7770893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) expresses a multifunctional papain-like proteinase (PLpro), which mediates the processing of the viral replicase polyprotein. Inhibition of PLpro has been shown to suppress the viral replication. This study aimed to explore new anti-PLpro candidates by applying virtual screening based on GRL0617, a known PLpro inhibitor of SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The three-dimensional (3D) structure of SARS-CoV-2 PLpro was built by homology modeling, using SARS-CoV PLpro as the template. The model was refined and studied through molecular dynamic simulation. AutoDock Vina was then used to perform virtual screening where 50 chemicals with at least 65% similarity to GRL0617 were docked with the optimized SARS-CoV-2 PLpro. In this screening, 5-(aminomethyl)-2-methyl-N-[(1R)-1-naphthalen-1-ylethyl]benzamide outperformed GRL0617 in terms of binding affinity (-9.7 kcal/mol). Furthermore, 2-(4-fluorobenzyl)-5-nitro-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (previously introduced as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2), 3-nitro-N-[(1r)-1-phenylethyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzamide (inhibitor against Mycobacterium tuberculosis), as well as the recently introduced SARS-CoV-2 PLpro inhibitor 5-acetamido-2-methyl-N-[(1S)-1-naphthalen-1-ylethyl]benzamide showed promising affinity for the viral proteinase. All of the identified compounds demonstrated an acceptable pharmacokinetic profile. In conclusion, our findings represent rediscovery of analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, or antiviral drugs as promising pharmaceutical candidates against the ongoing coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Jamalan
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abadan Faculty of Medical
Sciences, Abadan 6313833177, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Barzegari
- Medical
Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| | - Fathollah Gholami-Borujeni
- Department
of Environmental Health, Mazandaran University
of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran 4815733971, Iran
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20
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Shan S, Wu C, Shi J, Zhang X, Niu J, Li H, Li Z. Inhibitory Effects of Peroxidase from Foxtail Millet Bran on Colitis-Associated Colorectal Carcinogenesis by the Blockage of Glycerophospholipid Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:8295-8307. [PMID: 32657580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal glycerophospholipid (GPL) metabolism represented by phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) has been as a universal metabolic hallmark of cancer, which is involved in tumor progression. Our previous finding showed that peroxidase from foxtail millet bran (FMBP) exhibited significant anticolorectal cancer (CRC) activity in vitro and in nude mice. Presently, the potential of FMBP in clinical application was further evaluated by an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis-associated carcinogenesis (CAC) mice model, revealed the pivotal role of GPL metabolism in anti-CRC effects of FMBP. Excitedly, FMBP significantly reduced the number and volume of CAC polyps of mice and effectively improved physiological indexes of CAC mice. Meanwhile, the elevated expressions of CRC early markers (cyclooxygenase 2, tumor-proliferating nuclear antigen Ki-67, and EGF module-containing mucin-like receptor 1) in CAC mice were efficiently prevented by FMBP treatment. Metabolomics analysis showed that the elevated abundances of PC and PE involved in GPL metabolism in CAC mice were markedly decreased in FMBP-treated groups, which was also verified in human CRC cells. Further, FMBP reduced the expression levels of PE and PC key metabolic enzymes, resulting in the blockage of GPL metabolism and insufficient adenosine triphosphate to maintain CRC growth. Collectively, FMBP has the potential as a preventive and therapeutic candidate for CRC through the blockage of GPL metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Shan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Caihong Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jiangying Shi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jinping Niu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hanqing Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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21
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Zhao Y, He K, Zheng H, Sun M, Shi T, Zheng X, Shao D, Zhang H, Guan F, Li J, Chen L. Berberine Inhibits the Apoptosis-Induced Metastasis by Suppressing the iPLA2/LOX-5/LTB4 Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:5223-5230. [PMID: 32606742 PMCID: PMC7294104 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s243357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most malignant cancers around the world. HCC is less sensitive to conventional cytotoxic agents and easily develops into systemic metastases. However, the molecular mechanisms of the metastasis of HCC are poorly understood and need elucidation. Materials and Methods Transwell system of the chemotherapy-challenged and unchallenged HepG2 cells was established. Adhesion assay and scratch-wound assay were utilized to analyze the adhesion and migration of HepG2 cells. iPLA2 and LOX-5 expression were analyzed by Western blot. LTB4 level was analyzed by ELISA. Results Chemotherapeutics are traditionally regarded as a way of killing tumor cells; on the other hand, we proved that the chemotherapeutics-induced tumor cell apoptosis can also change the tumor microenvironment by activating the LOX pathway and subsequently release inflammatory factors such as LTB4 which can stimulate the adhesion and migration of the small number of surviving cells. Berberine can reverse the adhesion and migration of HepG2 cells by inhibiting the expression of LOX-5 and reducing the LTB4 production in the tumor microenvironment. Conclusion Our study sheds light on a novel anti-metastasis strategy that the combination of Berberine and chemotherapy may prevent the chemotherapy-induced metastasis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Kan He
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Huilin Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Madi Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongfei Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Hansi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengying Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China.,School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130020, People's Republic of China
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22
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Altowyan MS, Barakat A, Al-Majid AM, Al-Ghulikah H. Spiroindolone analogues bearing benzofuran moiety as a selective cyclooxygenase COX-1 with TNF-α and IL-6 inhibitors. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1208-1216. [PMID: 32346326 PMCID: PMC7182988 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To design and discover a new compound can used as a COX with TNF-α and IL-6 inhibitors is highly challenge. A series of spiroindolone-bearing benzofuran moieties were resynthesized from the chalcone-based benzo[b]furan with substituted isatin, and amino acids. The requisite spiroindolone analogues were tested for their potential inhibitory activities against lipid metabolizing enzymes such as cyclooxygenase COX-1, COX-2, and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor TNF-α. Among the tested compounds, 5a, 5c, 5h, 5i, 5l, and 5p exhibited COX-1 inhibitor selectively with percent of inhibition 40.81-83.4% and IC50 values ranging from 20.42 µM to 38.24 µM. In addition, all the synthesized target compounds possessed lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α, and IL-6 expression with a varying degree of COX-1 inhibition. Compounds 5d, 5e, 5f, 5g, and 5k markedly inhibited TNF-α, and IL-6 release in WI-38 fibroblast cells. Molecular docking of the most effective and highly selective compounds were investigated and shown important binding mechanisms which could affect pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines via the inhibition of COX-1, COX-2, IL-6, and TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mezna Saleh Altowyan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Abdullah Mohammed Al-Majid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - H.A. Al-Ghulikah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Son HJ, Kim N, Song CH, Lee SM, Lee HN, Surh YJ. 17β-Estradiol reduces inflammation and modulates antioxidant enzymes in colonic epithelial cells. Korean J Intern Med 2020; 35:310-319. [PMID: 30336658 PMCID: PMC7061017 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2018.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Estrogen is known to have protective effect in colorectal cancer development. The aims of this study are to investigate whether estradiol treatment reduces inflammation in CCD841CoN, a female human colonic epithelial cell line and to uncover underlying mechanisms of estradiol effects. METHODS 17β-Estradiol (E2) effect was measured by Western blot after inducing inf lammation of CCD841CoN by tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Expression levels of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1) were also evaluated. RESULTS E2 treatment induced expression of ERβ but did not increase that of ERα. E2 treatment for 48 hours significantly elevated the expression of anti-oxidant enzymes, HO-1 and NQO-1. TNF-α treatment significantly increased the level of activated NF-κB (p < 0.05), and this increase was significantly suppressed by treatment of 10 nM of E2 (p < 0.05). E2 treatment ameliorated TNF-α-induced COX-2 expression and decrease of HO-1 expression. 4-(2-phenyl-5,7-bis(trifluoromethyl) pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-3-yl)phenol (PHTPP), antagonist of ERβ, removed the inhibitory effect of E2 in the TNF-α-induced COX-2 expression (p = 0.05). CONCLUSION Estrogen seems to inhibit inflammation in female human colonic epithelial cell lines, through down-regulation of NF-κB and COX-2 expression and induction of anti-oxidant enzymes such as HO-1 and NQO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jin Son
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Correspondence to Nayoung Kim, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Korea Tel: +82-31-787-7008 Fax: + 82-31-787-4051 E-mail:
| | - Chin-Hee Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sun Min Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Ha-Na Lee
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Ito Y, Ishikawa H, Kihara M, Hirokawa M, Kiyota N, Kasahara T, Miyauchi A. Control of Lung Metastases and Colon Polyposis with Lenvatinib Therapy in a Patient with Cribriform-Morular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and an APC Gene Mutation: A Case Study. Thyroid 2019; 29:1511-1517. [PMID: 31317827 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2019.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: The cribriform-morular variant (CMV) is a rare subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and is often associated with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). This variant is generally indolent, but some aggressive cases have been reported. Patient Findings: We present the case of a 24-year-old woman who underwent total thyroidectomy with prophylactic central lymph node dissection and modified radical neck dissection for CMV-PTC. No distant metastases were identified preoperatively. However, multiple large lung metastases were detected three and half years after surgery. She also had FAP with a germline APC gene mutation. Summary: She was started on lenvatinib because of the metastatic disease. One month after the initiation of lenvatinib (24 mg), her lung metastases reduced significantly. She has continued lenvatinib for 24 months (present dose, 10 mg). The lung metastases have not progressed during this period. Only a few small polyps were newly detected on endoscopy after lenvatinib administration. This number was considerably higher before therapy, when an average of 21-75 polyps were resected at each endoscopy session. Conclusions: This is the first report of the use of lenvatinib for the treatment of distant metastases from CMV-PTC. In addition to the efficacy in treating metastatic lesions of this rare variant of PTC, lenvatinib shows promise in the management of associated FAP. This treatment strategy may be useful in the management of recurrent CMV-PTC and in those with FAP who refuse colectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Naomi Kiyota
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
- Cancer Center, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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25
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Lotfy G, Aziz YMA, Said MM, El Ashry ESH, El Tamany ESH, Barakat A, Ghabbour HA, Yousuf S, Ul‐Haq Z, Choudhary MI. Synthesis of Oxindole Analogues, Biological Activity, and In Silico Studies. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gehad Lotfy
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of PharmacySuez Canal University Ismailia 41522 Egypt
| | - Yasmine M. Abdel Aziz
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of PharmacySuez Canal University Ismailia 41522 Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Said
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of PharmacySuez Canal University Ismailia 41522 Egypt
| | - El Sayed H. El Ashry
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceAlexandria University, P.O. Box 426 Alexandria 21321 Egypt
| | | | - Assem Barakat
- Department of ChemistryCollege of ScienceKing Saud University, P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem A. Ghabbour
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of Mansoura Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Sammer Yousuf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of ChemistryInternational Center for Chemical and Biological SciencesUniversity of Karachi Karachi- 75270 Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul‐Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular medicine and Drug ResearchInternational Center for Chemical and Biological SciencesUniversity of Karachi Karachi- 75270 Pakistan
| | - M. Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of ChemistryInternational Center for Chemical and Biological SciencesUniversity of Karachi Karachi- 75270 Pakistan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular medicine and Drug ResearchInternational Center for Chemical and Biological SciencesUniversity of Karachi Karachi- 75270 Pakistan
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Lysophosphatidic Acid and Autotaxin-associated Effects on the Initiation and Progression of Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070958. [PMID: 31323936 PMCID: PMC6678549 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium interacts dynamically with the immune system to maintain its barrier function to protect the host, while performing the physiological roles in absorption of nutrients, electrolytes, water and minerals. The importance of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and its receptors in the gut has been progressively appreciated. LPA signaling modulates cell proliferation, invasion, adhesion, angiogenesis, and survival that can promote cancer growth and metastasis. These effects are equally important for the maintenance of the epithelial barrier in the gut, which forms the first line of defense against the milieu of potentially pathogenic stimuli. This review focuses on the LPA-mediated signaling that potentially contributes to inflammation and tumor formation in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Chok KC, Ng CH, Koh RY, Ng KY, Chye SM. The potential therapeutic actions of melatonin in colorectal cancer. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2019; 39:hmbci-2019-0001. [DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2019-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and lethal disease worldwide. Melatonin, an indoleamine produced in pineal gland, shows anticancer effects on a variety of cancers, especially CRC. After clarifying the pathophysiology of CRC, the association of circadian rhythm with CRC, and the relationship between shift work and the incidence of CRC is reviewed. Next, we review the role of melatonin receptors in CRC and the relationship between inflammation and CRC. Also included is a discussion of the mechanism of gene regulation, control of cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, antiangiogenesis and immunomodulation in CRC by melatonin. A review of the drug synergy of melatonin with other anticancer drugs suggests its usefulness in combination therapy. In summary, the information compiled may serve as comprehensive reference for the various mechanisms of action of melatonin against CRC, and as a guide for the design of future experimental research and for advancing melatonin as a therapeutic agent for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kian Chung Chok
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Chew Hee Ng
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Rhun Yian Koh
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Khuen Yen Ng
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia , Selangor , Malaysia
| | - Soi Moi Chye
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia , Phone: +6032731 7220; Fax: +60386567229
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Monteleone NJ, Moore AE, Iacona JR, Lutz CS, Dixon DA. miR-21-mediated regulation of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase in colon cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5405. [PMID: 30931980 PMCID: PMC6443653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels are observed in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and this increase is associated with poor prognosis. Increased synthesis of PGE2 in CRC has been shown to occur through COX-2-dependent mechanisms; however, loss of the PGE2-catabolizing enzyme, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH, HPGD), in colonic tumors contributes to increased prostaglandin levels and poor patient survival. While loss of 15-PGDH can occur through transcriptional mechanisms, we demonstrate that 15-PGDH can be additionally regulated by a miRNA-mediated mechanism. We show that 15-PGDH and miR-21 are inversely correlated in CRC patients, with increased miR-21 levels associating with low 15-PGDH expression. 15-PGDH can be directly regulated by miR-21 through distinct sites in its 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR), and miR-21 expression in CRC cells attenuates 15-PGDH and promotes increased PGE2 levels. Additionally, epithelial growth factor (EGF) signaling suppresses 15-PGDH expression while simultaneously enhancing miR-21 levels. miR-21 inhibition represses CRC cell proliferation, which is enhanced with EGF receptor (EGFR) inhibition. These findings present a novel regulatory mechanism of 15-PGDH by miR-21, and how dysregulated expression of miR-21 may contribute to loss of 15-PGDH expression and promote CRC progression via increased accumulation of PGE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Monteleone
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University - School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | | | - Joseph R Iacona
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University - School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Carol S Lutz
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, & Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University - School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
| | - Dan A Dixon
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA. .,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.
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29
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Lordan R, Tsoupras A, Zabetakis I. The Potential Role of Dietary Platelet-Activating Factor Inhibitors in Cancer Prevention and Treatment. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:148-164. [PMID: 30721934 PMCID: PMC6370273 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. The role of unresolved inflammation in cancer progression and metastasis is well established. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a key proinflammatory mediator in the initiation and progression of cancer. Evidence suggests that PAF is integral to suppression of the immune system and promotion of metastasis and tumor growth by altering local angiogenic and cytokine networks. Interactions between PAF and its receptor may have a role in various digestive, skin, and hormone-dependent cancers. Diet plays a critical role in the prevention of cancer and its treatment. Research indicates that the Mediterranean diet may reduce the incidence of several cancers in which dietary PAF inhibitors have a role. Dietary PAF inhibitors such as polar lipids have demonstrated inhibitory effects against the physiological actions of PAF in cancer and other chronic inflammatory conditions in vitro and in vivo. In addition, experimental models of radiotherapy and chemotherapy demonstrate that inhibition of PAF as adjuvant therapy may lead to more favorable outcomes. Although promising, there is limited evidence on the potential benefits of dietary PAF inhibitors on cancer prevention or treatment. Therefore, further extensive research is required to assess the effects of various dietary factors and PAF inhibitors and to elucidate the mechanisms in prevention of cancer progression and metastasis at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Lordan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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30
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Khan R, Rehman MU, Khan AQ, Tahir M, Sultana S. Glycyrrhizic acid suppresses 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon tumorigenesis in Wistar rats: Alleviation of inflammatory, proliferation, angiogenic, and apoptotic markers. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:1272-1283. [PMID: 30255981 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colon cancer is the major health disease related with high mortality. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is an active constituent of licorice with anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenesis effects. We investigated the chemopreventive potential of GA against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon tumorigenesis in Wistar rats. METHODS Glycyrrhizic acid was administered orally at the dose of 15 mg/kg b.wt. and DMH was administered at the dose of 20 mg/kg b.wt. once a week for first 15 weeks. All the rats were euthanized after 30 weeks. GA supplementation significantly inhibited the tumor incidence and multiplicity. RESULTS Glycyrrhizic acid treatment reduced the expression of Ki-67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) while enhanced the expression of p53, connexin-43, b-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), survivin, and cleaved caspase-3. Glycyrrhizic acid also significantly ameliorated DMH-induced decreased activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3. Furthermore, GA treatment reduced mast cells infiltration, attenuated the shifting of sialomucin to sulphomucin as well the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION The findings of the study suggest that GA has chemopreventive potential against DMH-induced colon tumorigenesis plausibly through the attenuation of hyperproliferative responses, pro-inflammatory cytokines level, inflammatory and angiogenic markers, and apoptotic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Khan
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Muneeb U Rehman
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Abdul Quaiyoom Khan
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Mir Tahir
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
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31
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Bojaxhiu B, Templeton AJ, Elicin O, Shelan M, Zaugg K, Walser M, Giger R, Aebersold DM, Dal Pra A. Relation of baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to survival and toxicity in head and neck cancer patients treated with (chemo-) radiation. Radiat Oncol 2018; 13:216. [PMID: 30400969 PMCID: PMC6219022 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-018-1159-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a marker of systemic inflammation and together with the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is associated with worse outcomes in several solid tumors. We investigated the prognostic value of NLR and PLR in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with primary or adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy ((C)RT). Methods A retrospective chart review of consecutive patients with HNSCC was performed. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and PLR were computed using complete blood counts (CBCs) performed within 10 days before treatment start. The prognostic role of NLR and PLR was evaluated with univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses adjusting for disease-specific prognostic factors. NLR and PLR were assessed as log-transformed continuous variables (log NLR and log PLR). Endpoints of interest were overall survival (OS), locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS), distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS), and acute toxicity. Results We analyzed 186 patients treated from 2007 to 2010. Primary sites were oropharynx (45%), oral cavity (28%), hypopharynx (14%), and larynx (13%). Median follow-up was 49 months. Higher NLR was associated with OS (adjusted HR per 1 unit higher log NLR = 1.81 (1.16–2.81), p = 0.012), whereas no association could be shown with LRFS (HR = 1.49 (0,83-2,68), p = 0.182), DRFS (HR = 1.38 (0.65–3.22), p = 0.4), or acute toxicity grade ≥ 2. PLR was not associated with outcome, nor with toxicity. Conclusion Our data suggest that in HNSCC patients treated with primary or adjuvant (C)RT, NLR is an independent predictor of mortality, but not disease-specific outcomes or toxicity. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a readily available biomarker that could improve pre-treatment prognostication and may be used for risk-stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beat Bojaxhiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010, Bern, Switzerland. .,Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Arnoud J Templeton
- Department of Medical Oncology, St. Claraspital Basel and Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. .,Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Olgun Elicin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Shelan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Zaugg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stadtspital Triemli, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marc Walser
- Center for Proton Therapy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Roland Giger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel M Aebersold
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alan Dal Pra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
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Morgillo F, Dallio M, Della Corte CM, Gravina AG, Viscardi G, Loguercio C, Ciardiello F, Federico A. Carcinogenesis as a Result of Multiple Inflammatory and Oxidative Hits: a Comprehensive Review from Tumor Microenvironment to Gut Microbiota. Neoplasia 2018; 20:721-733. [PMID: 29859426 PMCID: PMC6014569 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Floriana Morgillo
- Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "F.Magrassi", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Marcello Dallio
- Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "F.Magrassi", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Carminia Maria Della Corte
- Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "F.Magrassi", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Gerarda Gravina
- Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "F.Magrassi", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viscardi
- Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "F.Magrassi", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Carmelina Loguercio
- Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "F.Magrassi", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Fortunato Ciardiello
- Oncologia Medica, Dipartimento di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "F.Magrassi", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Federico
- Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale "F.Magrassi", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Mosallaei M, Simonian M, Ahangari F, Miraghajani M, Mortazavi D, Salehi AR, Khosravi S, Salehi R. Single nucleotide polymorphism rs4648298 in miRNAs hsa-miR21 and hsa-miR590 binding site of COX gene is a strong colorectal cancer determinant. J Gastrointest Oncol 2018; 9:448-457. [PMID: 29998010 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2017.11.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic determinants are considered as driving forces in development colorectal cancer (CRC), a malignancy that ranks as the second cause of cancer death in the world. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), are considered as the main genetic factor in cancers susceptibility. MicroRNAs are critical players in posttranslational gene regulation by binding to their specific recognition sequences located at 3' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNAs. In present study we have elucidated the role of 9,850 A > G (rs4648298), in development of sporadic CRC in Iranian population. Methods A case-control study using 88 CRC patients and 88 noncancerous counterparts was undertaken in order to determine rs4648298 genotypes using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Also, a meta-analysis was performed based on 9 articles accessed via the MEDLINE, Cochrane review, Google Scholar and Scopus databases. Results AA genotype was determined to be associated with significant decreased risk of CRC in our study population [odds ratio (OR) =0.14; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.05-0.34; P<0.001]. In a meta-analysis on 6 risk estimates for the AG versus AA genotype, we found a significant inverse association between AG SNPs and risk of gastric adenocarcinoma, CRC, breast cancer and prostate cancer (OR =0.86; 95% CI, 0.76-0.98; P<0.02). Conclusions Our results suggest significant correlation between rs4648298 polymorphism and CRC risk in Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Mosallaei
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Miganoosh Simonian
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fateme Ahangari
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Miraghajani
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Deniz Mortazavi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Salehi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sharifeh Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rasoul Salehi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Gerfa Namayesh Azmayesh (GENAZMA) Science & Research Institute, Isfahan, Iran
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Iuliano M, Mangino G, Chiantore MV, Zangrillo MS, Accardi R, Tommasino M, Fiorucci G, Romeo G. Human Papillomavirus E6 and E7 oncoproteins affect the cell microenvironment by classical secretion and extracellular vesicles delivery of inflammatory mediators. Cytokine 2018; 106:182-189. [PMID: 29137858 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The connection between chronic inflammation and risk of cancer has been supported by several studies. The development of cancer might be a process driven by the presence of a specific combination of inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, chemokines and enzymes, in the tumor microenvironment. Virus-induced tumors, like HPV-induced Squamous Cell Carcinomas, represent a paradigmatic example of the interplay between inflammation, as integral part of the innate antiviral response, and malignant transformation. Here, the role of inflammatory microenvironment in the HPV-induced carcinogenesis is addressed, with a specific focus on the involvement of the immune molecules as well as their delivery through the microvesicle cargo possibly correlated to the different HPV genotype. The expression of the inflammatory mediators in HPV positive cells has been analyzed in primary human foreskin keratinocytes and keratinocytes transduced by E6 and E7 from mucosal HPV-16 or cutaneous HPV-38 genotypes. HPV E6 and E7 proteins can modulate the expression of immune mediators in HPV-infected cells and can affect the levels of immune molecules, mainly chemokines, in the extracellular milieu. HPV-16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins have been silenced to confirm the specificity of the modulation of the inflammatory microenvironment. Our results suggest that the expression of HPV oncoproteins allows the modification of the tumor milieu through the synthesis and release of specific pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, affecting the efficacy of the immune response. The microenvironment can also be conditioned by an altered mRNA cargo delivered by extracellular vesicles, thereby efficiently affecting the surrounding cells with possible implication for tumorigenesis and tumor diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Iuliano
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.so della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mangino
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.so della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Maria Vincenza Chiantore
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, V.le Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Simona Zangrillo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.so della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Rosita Accardi
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Gianna Fiorucci
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, V.le Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Palestro 32, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romeo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.so della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy; Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, V.le Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Xu Y, Yang X, Wang T, Yang L, He YY, Miskimins K, Qian SY. Knockdown delta-5-desaturase in breast cancer cells that overexpress COX-2 results in inhibition of growth, migration and invasion via a dihomo-γ-linolenic acid peroxidation dependent mechanism. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:330. [PMID: 29587668 PMCID: PMC5870477 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4250-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the inducible COX form, is a bi-functional membrane-bound enzyme that typically metabolizes arachidonic acid (downstream ω-6 fatty acid) to form 2-series of prostaglandins known to be involved in cancer development. Overexpression of COX-2 has been found in a majority of breast carcinomas, and has also been associated with increased severity and the development of the metastasis. Our lab recently demonstrated that COX-2 can also metabolize dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA, a precursor of ω-6 arachidonic acid) to produce an anti-cancer byproduct, 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid (8-HOA) that can inhibit growth and migration of colon and pancreatic cancer cells. We thus tested whether our strategy of knocking down delta-5-desaturase (D5D, the key enzyme that converts DGLA to arachidonic acid) in breast cancer cells overexpressing COX-2 can also be used to promote 8-HOA formation, thereby suppressing cancer growth, migration, and invasion. Methods SiRNA and shRNA transfection were used to knock down D5D expression in MDA-MB 231 and 4 T1 cells (human and mouse breast cancer cell lines expressing high COX-2, respectively). Colony formation assay, FITC Annexin V/PI double staining, wound healing and transwell assay were used to assess the effect of our strategy on inhibition of cancer growth, migration, and invasion. GC/MS was used to measure endogenous 8-HOA, and western blotting was performed to evaluate the altered key protein expressions upon the treatments. Results We demonstrated that D5D knockdown licenses DGLA to inhibit growth of breast cancer cells via promoting formation of 8-HOA that can inhibit histone deacetylase and activate cell apoptotic proteins, such as procaspase 9 and PARP. Our strategy can also significantly inhibit cancer migration and invasion, associated with altered expression of MMP-2/− 9, E-cadherin, vimentin and snail. In addition, D5D knockdown and DGLA supplementation greatly enhanced the efficacy of 5-fluorouracil on breast cancer growth and migration. Conclusions Consistent to our previous studies on colon and pancreatic cancer, here we demonstrate again that the high level of COX-2 in breast cancer cells can be capitalized on inhibiting cancer growth and migration. The outcome of this translational research could guide us to develop new anti-cancer strategy and/or to improve current chemotherapy for breast cancer treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4250-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Yu-Ying He
- Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Keith Miskimins
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - Steven Y Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA.
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Lu Y, Shi C, Qiu S, Fan Z. Identification and validation of COX-2 as a co-target for overcoming cetuximab resistance in colorectal cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:64766-64777. [PMID: 27074568 PMCID: PMC5323114 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cetuximab, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-blocking antibody, was approved for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer over a decade ago; however, patients' responses to cetuximab vary substantially due to intrinsic and acquired resistance to cetuximab. Here, we report our findings using Affymetrix HG-U133A array to examine changes in global gene expression between DiFi, a human colorectal cancer cell line that is highly sensitive to cetuximab, and two other cell lines: DiFi5, a DiFi subline with acquired resistance to cetuximab, and DiFi-AG, a DiFi subline with acquired resistance to the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG1478 but sensitivity to cetuximab. We identified prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), which encodes cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), as the gene with the greatest difference between the cetuximab-resistant DiFi5 cells and the cetuximab-sensitive DiFi cells and DiFi-AG cells. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting validated upregulation of COX-2 in DiFi5 but not in DiFi or DiFi-AG cells. We developed COX-2 knockdown stable clones from DiFi5 cells and demonstrated that genetic knockdown of COX-2 partially re-sensitized DiFi5 cells to cetuximab. We further confirmed that cetuximab in combination with a COX-2 inhibitor led to cell death via apoptosis or autophagy not only in DiFi5 cells but also in another colorectal cancer cell line naturally resistant to cetuximab. Our findings support further evaluation of the strategy of combining cetuximab and a COX-2 inhibitor for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chunmei Shi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Songbo Qiu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhen Fan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and colorectal cancer: a troublesome twosome for the anti-tumour immune response? Oncotarget 2018; 7:60752-60774. [PMID: 27542276 PMCID: PMC5312417 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumour microenvironment (TME) is an important factor in determining the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer, and can aid tumours by both establishing an immunosuppressive milieu, allowing the tumour avoid immune clearance, and by hampering the efficacy of various therapeutic regimens. The tumour microenvironment is composed of many cell types including tumour, stromal, endothelial and immune cell populations. It is widely accepted that cells present in the TME acquire distinct functional phenotypes that promote tumorigenesis. One such cell type is the mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC). Evidence suggests that MSCs exert effects in the colorectal tumour microenvironment including the promotion of angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. MSCs immunomodulatory capacity may represent another largely unexplored central feature of MSCs tumour promoting capacity. There is considerable evidence to suggest that MSCs and their secreted factors can influence the innate and adaptive immune responses. MSC-immune cell interactions can skew the proliferation and functional activity of T-cells, dendritic cells, natural killer cells and macrophages, which could favour tumour growth and enable tumours to evade immune cell clearance. A better understanding of the interactions between the malignant cancer cell and stromal components of the TME is key to the development of more specific and efficacious therapies for colorectal cancer. Here, we review and explore MSC- mediated mechanisms of suppressing anti-tumour immune responses in the colon tumour microenvironment. Elucidation of the precise mechanism of immunomodulation exerted by tumour-educated MSCs is critical to inhibiting immunosuppression and immune evasion established by the TME, thus providing an opportunity for targeted and efficacious immunotherapy for colorectal cancer growth and metastasis.
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38
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Mandal P. Molecular signature of nitric oxide on major cancer hallmarks of colorectal carcinoma. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 26:331-336. [PMID: 29289998 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0435-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the one of the most important diseases throughout the world. Several aetiological risk factors, viz. sedentary life style, smoking, alcohol intake, less physical activity, red meat, and microbiota, are associated with the development of CRC. Molecular pathophysiology of CRC implies inflammation, metastasis, apotosis and angiogenesis. Inflammation involves interaction between various immune cells, inflammatory cells, chemokines, cytokines, and pro-inflammatory mediators, such as cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways, which may lead to signalling towards, tumour cell proliferation, growth, and invasion whereas nitric oxide (NO) has been associated with metastasis, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Therefore, this review emphasises on the potential molecular mechanisms associated with NO with alteration of cancer biomarkers during development of colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Mandal
- Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, India.
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39
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Krishnamachary B, Stasinopoulos I, Kakkad S, Penet MF, Jacob D, Wildes F, Mironchik Y, Pathak AP, Solaiyappan M, Bhujwalla ZM. Breast cancer cell cyclooxygenase-2 expression alters extracellular matrix structure and function and numbers of cancer associated fibroblasts. Oncotarget 2017; 8:17981-17994. [PMID: 28152501 PMCID: PMC5392301 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a critically important mediator of inflammation that significantly influences tumor angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. We investigated the role of COX-2 expressed by triple negative breast cancer cells in altering the structure and function of the extracellular matrix (ECM). COX-2 downregulation effects on ECM structure and function were investigated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy of tumors derived from triple negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, and a derived clone stably expressing a short hairpin (shRNA) molecule downregulating COX-2. MRI of albumin-GdDTPA was used to characterize macromolecular fluid transport in vivo and SHG microscopy was used to quantify collagen 1 (Col1) fiber morphology. COX-2 downregulation decreased Col1 fiber density and altered macromolecular fluid transport. Immunohistochemistry identified significantly fewer activated cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in low COX-2 expressing tumors. Metastatic lung nodules established by COX-2 downregulated cells were infrequent, smaller, and contained fewer Col1 fibers.COX-2 overexpression studies were performed with tumors derived from triple negative SUM-149 breast cancer cells lentivirally transduced to overexpress COX-2. SHG microscopy identified significantly higher Col1 fiber density in COX-2 overexpressing tumors with an increase of CAFs. These data expand upon the roles of COX-2 in shaping the structure and function of the ECM in primary and metastatic tumors, and identify the potential role of COX-2 in modifying the number of CAFs in tumors that may have contributed to the altered ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Krishnamachary
- JHU ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ioannis Stasinopoulos
- JHU ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Samata Kakkad
- JHU ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Marie-France Penet
- JHU ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Desmond Jacob
- JHU ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Flonne Wildes
- JHU ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yelena Mironchik
- JHU ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Arvind P Pathak
- JHU ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Meiyappan Solaiyappan
- JHU ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Zaver M Bhujwalla
- JHU ICMIC Program, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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40
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Mathew B, Hobrath JV, Lu W, Li Y, Reynolds RC. Synthesis and preliminary assessment of the anticancer and Wnt/β-catenin inhibitory activity of small amide libraries of fenamates and profens. Med Chem Res 2017; 26:3038-3045. [PMID: 29104411 PMCID: PMC5656725 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2001-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As part of an ongoing program to study the anticancer activity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) through generating diversity libraries of multiple NSAID scaffolds, we synthesized a series of NSAID amide derivatives and screened these sets against three cancer cell lines (prostate, colon and breast) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The evaluated amide analog libraries show significant anticancer activity/cell proliferation inhibition, and specific members of the sets show inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bini Mathew
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, 2000 Ninth Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35205 USA
| | - Judith V. Hobrath
- Drug Discovery Unit, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH UK
| | - Wenyan Lu
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, 2000 Ninth Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35205 USA
| | - Yonghe Li
- Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research Institute, 2000 Ninth Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35205 USA
| | - Robert C. Reynolds
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294 USA
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Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) mainly progresses in bone marrow (BM). Therefore, signals from the BM microenvironment are thought to play a critical role in maintaining plasma cell growth, migration, and survival. Reciprocal positive and negative interactions between plasma cells and microenvironmental cells, including endothelial cells (ECs) and fibroblasts may occur. The BM neovascularization is a constant hallmark of MM, and goes hand in hand with progression to leukemic phase. Microenvironmental factors induce MMECs and fibroblasts to become functionally different from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) ECs (MGECs), i.e., to acquire an overangiogenic phenotype, and be similar to transformed cells. These alterations play an important role in MM progression and may represent new molecular markers for prognostic stratification of patients and prediction of response to antiangiogenic drugs, as well as new potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Medical School "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
- National Cancer Institute, Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy.
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), Section of Internal Medicine "G. Baccelli", University of Bari Medical School "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
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Kim CK, He P, Bialkowska AB, Yang VW. SP and KLF Transcription Factors in Digestive Physiology and Diseases. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:1845-1875. [PMID: 28366734 PMCID: PMC5815166 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Specificity proteins (SPs) and Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) belong to the family of transcription factors that contain conserved zinc finger domains involved in binding to target DNA sequences. Many of these proteins are expressed in different tissues and have distinct tissue-specific activities and functions. Studies have shown that SPs and KLFs regulate not only physiological processes such as growth, development, differentiation, proliferation, and embryogenesis, but pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer and inflammatory disorders. Consistently, these proteins have been shown to regulate normal functions and pathobiology in the digestive system. We review recent findings on the tissue- and organ-specific functions of SPs and KLFs in the digestive system including the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, pancreas, and liver. We provide a list of agents under development to target these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Kyung Kim
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Ping He
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Agnieszka B. Bialkowska
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY,Corresponding Authors: Vincent W. Yang & Agnieszka B. Bialkowska, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, HSC T-16, Rm. 020; Stony Brook, NY, USA. Tel: (631) 444-2066; Fax: (631) 444-3144; ;
| | - Vincent W. Yang
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY,Corresponding Authors: Vincent W. Yang & Agnieszka B. Bialkowska, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, HSC T-16, Rm. 020; Stony Brook, NY, USA. Tel: (631) 444-2066; Fax: (631) 444-3144; ;
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Jiménez P, Chueca E, Arruebo M, Strunk M, Solanas E, Serrano T, García-González MA, Lanas Á. CD24 Expression Is Increased in 5-Fluorouracil-Treated Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cells. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:321. [PMID: 28611669 PMCID: PMC5447731 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The cancer stem cell (CSC) model suggests that there are subsets of cells within a tumor with increased proliferation and self-renewal capacity, which play a key role in therapeutic resistance. The importance of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in carcinogenesis has been previously established and the use of COX-2 inhibitors as celecoxib has been shown to exert antitumor effects. The present study investigated whether treatment of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) cells with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or the growth of tumor spheres increased the proportion of CSCs and also if treatment with celecoxib was able to reduce the putative CSC markers in this tumor. OE19 and OE33 EAC cells surviving 5-FU exposure exhibited an increase in CSC markers CD24 and ABCG2 and also an increased resistance to apoptosis. EAC cell lines had the capacity to form multiple spheres displaying typical CSC functionalities such as self-renewal and increased CD24 levels. In addition, after the induction of differentiation, cancer cells reached levels of CD24 similar to those observed in the parental cells. Treatment with celecoxib alone or in combination with 5-FU also resulted in a reduction of CD24 expression. Moreover, celecoxib inhibited the growth of tumor spheres. These findings showing a reduction in CSC markers induced by celecoxib suggest that the COX-2 inhibitor might be a candidate for combined chemotherapy in the treatment of EAC. However, additional clinical and experimental studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo Chueca
- CIBERehdMadrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón)Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Arruebo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón)Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mark Strunk
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Aragón, IACS Aragón, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud, Servicio de Secuenciación y Genómica FuncionalZaragoza, Spain
| | - Estela Solanas
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón)Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Trinidad Serrano
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón)Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano BlesaZaragoza, Spain
| | - María A García-González
- CIBERehdMadrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón)Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS)Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ángel Lanas
- CIBERehdMadrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón)Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano BlesaZaragoza, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of ZaragozaZaragoza, Spain
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Binnemars-Postma K, Storm G, Prakash J. Nanomedicine Strategies to Target Tumor-Associated Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E979. [PMID: 28471401 PMCID: PMC5454892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the influence of the tumor microenvironment (TME) on cancer progression has been better understood. Macrophages, one of the most important cell types in the TME, exist in different subtypes, each of which has a different function. While classically activated M1 macrophages are involved in inflammatory and malignant processes, activated M2 macrophages are more involved in the wound-healing processes occurring in tumors. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) display M2 macrophage characteristics and support tumor growth and metastasis by matrix remodeling, neo-angiogenesis, and suppressing local immunity. Due to their detrimental role in tumor growth and metastasis, selective targeting of TAM for the treatment of cancer may prove to be beneficial in the treatment of cancer. Due to the plastic nature of macrophages, their activities may be altered to inhibit tumor growth. In this review, we will discuss the therapeutic options for the modulation and targeting of TAM. Different therapeutic strategies to deplete, inhibit recruitment of, or re-educate TAM will be discussed. Current strategies for the targeting of TAM using nanomedicine are reviewed. Passive targeting using different nanoparticle systems is described. Since TAM display a number of upregulated surface proteins compared to non-TAM, specific targeting using targeting ligands coupled to nanoparticles is discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Binnemars-Postma
- Targeted Therapeutics, Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7522NB Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Gert Storm
- Targeted Therapeutics, Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7522NB Enschede, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht University, 3584CS Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jai Prakash
- Targeted Therapeutics, Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, 7522NB Enschede, The Netherlands.
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45
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Takahashi H, Kawaguchi M, Kitamura K, Narumiya S, Kawamura M, Tengan I, Nishimoto S, Hanamure Y, Majima Y, Tsubura S, Teruya K, Shirahata S. An Exploratory Study on the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Fucoidan in Relation to Quality of Life in Advanced Cancer Patients. Integr Cancer Ther 2017. [PMID: 28627320 PMCID: PMC6041928 DOI: 10.1177/1534735417692097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Conventional anticancer therapies still cause difficulties with selective eradication and accompanying side effects that reduce patients’ quality of life (QOL). Fucoidan is extracted from seaweeds and has already exhibited broad bioactivities, including anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties, in basic studies. It is expected to enhance therapeutic efficacy and minimize side effects in cancer patients; however, despite its potential benefits, there are very few clinical trials using fucoidans. Therefore, we performed an exploratory clinical study for advanced cancer patients to examine the efficacy of fucoidans, especially focusing on inflammation in relation to QOL scores. Methods. We conducted a prospective, open-label clinical study for advanced cancer patients using fucoidans via oral administration; 20 advanced cancer patients with metastases were recruited and were given 400 mL/d fucoidan (10 mg/mL) for at least 4 weeks. Inflammatory biomarkers, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and various cytokines, and QOL scores were monitored before treatment, after 2 weeks, and after 4 weeks of fucoidan ingestion. Results. The main proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were significantly reduced after 2 weeks of fucoidan ingestion. QOL scores, including fatigue, stayed almost stable without significant changes during the study period. The univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that the responsiveness of IL-1β was a significant independent prognostic factor. Conclusion. This is the first study providing evidence of the anti-inflammatory effects of fucoidans for advanced cancer patients. In future studies, larger blinded, controlled trials are required to establish the efficacy of fucoidan as supportive care for cancer patients, especially those undergoing chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Takahashi
- 1 University of the Ryukyus Hospital, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa, Japan.,2 Seren Clinic Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan.,3 Clinic Ginowan, Ginowan-shi, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yasuo Hanamure
- 9 Hanamure Hospital, Ichikikushikino-shi, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yasuo Majima
- 10 Majima Digestive Organ Clinic, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shuichi Tsubura
- 11 Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Hamaura-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
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46
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Suwannalert P, Payuhakrit W, Koomsang T. Anti-Oxidant, Pro-Oxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Unpolished Rice Relevant to Colorectal Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:5047-5056. [PMID: 28122433 PMCID: PMC5454635 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2016.17.12.5047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major worldwide health problem owing to its high prevalence and mortality rates. Carcinogenesis in the colon is a multistage and multifactorial process. An imbalance between free radical exposure and anti-oxidant defense systems may leads to oxidative stress and attack of macromolecules which can alter signal transduction pathways and gene expression. Consequently, oxidative damage can lead to cellular dysfunction and contribute to pathophysiological processes in a variety of diseases including CRC. One factor tightly associated with CRC is chronic inflammation, which can be present from the earliest stage of tumor onset. Unpolished rice is an attractive chemoprevention in CRC due to their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this paper is to review evidence linking oxidative stress and inflammation to CRC and to provide essential background information for understanding future research on oxidative stress and inflammation on CRC. Mechanisms of action of unpolished rice in CRC carcinogenesis are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasit Suwannalert
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. prasit.
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47
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Yang L, Xia L, Wang Y, Hong S, Chen H, Liang S, Peng P, Chen Y. Low Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) Predicts Unfavorable Distant Metastasis-Free Survival in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158853. [PMID: 27399281 PMCID: PMC4939954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Poor nutritional status is associated with progression and advanced disease in patients with cancer. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) may represent a simple method of assessing host immunonutritional status. This study was designed to investigate the prognostic value of the PNI for distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods A training cohort of 1,168 patients with non-metastatic NPC from two institutions was retrospectively analyzed. The optimal PNI cutoff value for DMFS was identified using the online tool “Cutoff Finder”. DMFS was analyzed using stratified and adjusted analysis. Propensity score-matched analysis was performed to balance baseline characteristics between the high and low PNI groups. Subsequently, the prognostic value of the PNI for DMFS was validated in an external validation cohort of 756 patients with NPC. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was calculated to compare the discriminatory ability of different prognostic scores. Results The optimal PNI cutoff value was determined to be 51. Low PNI was significantly associated with poorer DMFS than high PNI in univariate analysis (P<0.001) as well as multivariate analysis (P<0.001) before propensity score matching. In subgroup analyses, PNI could also stratify different risks of distant metastases. Propensity score-matched analyses confirmed the prognostic value of PNI, excluding other interpretations and selection bias. In the external validation cohort, patients with high PNI also had significantly lower risk of distant metastases than those with low PNI (Hazards Ratios, 0.487; P<0.001). The PNI consistently showed a higher AUC value at 1-year (0.780), 3-year (0.793) and 5-year (0.812) in comparison with other prognostic scores. Conclusion PNI, an inexpensive and easily assessable inflammatory index, could aid clinicians in developing individualized treatment and follow-up strategies for patients with non-metastatic NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangping Xia
- Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaodong Hong
- Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Peijian Peng
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University cancer center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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48
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Xu Y, Yang X, Zhao P, Yang Z, Yan C, Guo B, Qian SY. Knockdown of delta-5-desaturase promotes the anti-cancer activity of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy in colon cancer cells expressing COX-2. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 96:67-77. [PMID: 27101738 PMCID: PMC4912402 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase (COX), commonly overexpressed in cancer cells, is a major lipid peroxidizing enzyme that metabolizes polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3s and ω-6s). The COX-catalyzed free radical peroxidation of arachidonic acid (ω-6) can produce deleterious metabolites (e.g. 2-series prostaglandins) that are implicated in cancer development. Thus, COX inhibition has been intensively investigated as a complementary therapeutic strategy for cancer. However, our previous study has demonstrated that a free radical-derived byproduct (8-hydroxyoctanoic acid) formed from COX-catalyzed peroxidation of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA, the precursor of arachidonic acid) can inhibit colon cancer cell growth. We thus hypothesize that the commonly overexpressed COX in cancer (~90% of colon cancer patients) can be taken advantage to suppress cell growth by knocking down delta-5-desaturase (D5D, a key enzyme that converts DGLA to arachidonic acid). In addition, D5D knockdown along with DGLA supplement may enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. After knocking down D5D in HCA-7 colony 29 cells and HT-29 cells (human colon cancer cell lines with high and low COX levels, respectively), the antitumor activity of DGLA was significantly enhanced along with the formation of a threshold range (~0.5-1.0μM) of 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid. In contrast, DGLA treatment did not inhibit cell growth when D5D was not knocked down and only limited amount of 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid was formed. D5D knockdown along with DGLA treatment also enhanced the cytotoxicities of various chemotherapeutic drugs, including 5-fluorouracil, regorafenib, and irinotecan, potentially through the activation of pro-apoptotic proteins, e.g. p53 and caspase 9. For the first time, we have demonstrated that the overexpressed COX in cancer cells can be utilized in suppressing cancer cell growth. This finding may provide a new option besides COX inhibition to optimize cancer therapy. The outcome of this translational research will guide us to develop a novel ω-6-based diet-care strategy in combination with current chemotherapy for colon cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Pinjing Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Zhongyu Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Changhui Yan
- Department of Computer Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
| | - Steven Y Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.
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Stetson LC, Dazard JE, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Protein Markers Predict Survival in Glioma Patients. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:2356-65. [PMID: 27143410 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.060657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a genomically complex and aggressive primary adult brain tumor, with a median survival time of 12-14 months. The heterogeneous nature of this disease has made the identification and validation of prognostic biomarkers difficult. Using reverse phase protein array data from 203 primary untreated GBM patients, we have identified a set of 13 proteins with prognostic significance. Our protein signature predictive of glioblastoma (PROTGLIO) patient survival model was constructed and validated on independent data sets and was shown to significantly predict survival in GBM patients (log-rank test: p = 0.0009). Using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards, we have shown that our PROTGLIO model is distinct from other known GBM prognostic factors (age at diagnosis, extent of surgical resection, postoperative Karnofsky performance score (KPS), treatment with temozolomide (TMZ) chemoradiation, and methylation of the MGMT gene). Tenfold cross-validation repetition of our model generation procedure confirmed validation of PROTGLIO. The model was further validated on an independent set of isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type (IDHwt) lower grade gliomas (LGG)-a portion of these tumors progress rapidly to GBM. The PROTGLIO model contains proteins, such as Cox-2 and Annexin 1, involved in inflammatory response, pointing to potential therapeutic interventions. The PROTGLIO model is a simple and effective predictor of overall survival in glioblastoma patients, making it potentially useful in clinical practice of glioblastoma multiforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay C Stetson
- From §Case Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Jean-Eudes Dazard
- From §Case Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- From §Case Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106
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50
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Fu S, Fan XG. Pathophysiological implications of hepatitis B X protein in tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:1477-1484. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i10.1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B X protein (HBx), encoded by hepatitis B virus (HBV), is a multifunctional and potentially oncogenic protein that has significant functions during the progression from chronic hepatitis B to cirrhosis and eventually to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Over the past decades, it has been widely established that chronic inflammation orchestrates a tumor-supporting microenvironment. HCC is a typical chronic inflammation-related cancer and inflammation is the main risk factor for the progression of HCC. As a major viral transactivator, HBx is thought to play a pivotal role in the activation and maintenance of hepatic inflammatory process through interaction with various components of the tumor microenvironment including tumor cell and surrounding peritumoral stroma. Complex interactions between HBx and these cell types in this microenvironment will regulate tumor growth, progression, metastasis, and angiogenesis. In this review, we mainly summarize the current understanding of HBx and its contribution to the inflammatory tumor microenvironment of HBV-related HCC.
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