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Kumakura H, Funada R, Matsuo Y, Iwasaki T, Nakashima K, Tsuboi E, Ichikawa S. Fifteen-year clinical prognosis and cardiovascular or limb event associated with homocysteine levels in peripheral arterial disease. J Cardiol 2023; 82:423-428. [PMID: 37146875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2023.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited reports on the relationship between plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels and long-term all-cause death (ACD), cardiovascular events, or limb events in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). We examined the relationship between plasma Hcy levels and 15-year these events in PAD patients. METHODS We performed a prospective cohort study in 955 PAD patients. The patients were divided into four groups based on plasma Hcy levels with median (interquartile range). The endpoints were cumulative incidences of ACD, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and MACE plus limb events (MACLE). RESULTS The incidences of ACD, MACE, and MACLE were correlated with plasma Hcy levels (P < 0.05). In multiple regression analysis, plasma Hcy had positive correlations with C-reactive protein (CRP), men, and critical limb ischemia (CLI) and negative correlations with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.05). In Cox multivariate analysis, higher Hcy (HR 1.614, 95 % CI 1.229-2.119, p = 0.001), age, CRP, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), D-dimer, lower body mass index, ankle brachial pressure index (ABI), serum albumin, eGFR, CLI, coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease, and diabetes were related to ACD; higher Hcy (HR 1.242, 95 % CI 1.004-1.535, p = 0.045), age, BNP, lower ABI, serum albumin, diabetes, and CHD were related to MACE; and higher Hcy (HR 1.290, 95 % CI 1.057-1.574, p = 0.012), BNP, lower ABI, serum albumin, CHD, and diabetes were related to MACLE (P < 0.05). Statins improved ACD, MACE, and MACLE (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Plasma Hcy was a risk factor for 15-year ACD, MACE, and MACLE in patients with PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisao Kumakura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Gunma, Japan.
| | - Ryuichi Funada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Gunma, Japan
| | - Yae Matsuo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Gunma, Japan
| | - Toshiya Iwasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Gunma, Japan
| | - Kuniki Nakashima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Gunma, Japan
| | - Eitoshi Tsuboi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Gunma, Japan
| | - Shuichi Ichikawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Gunma, Japan
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Associations between Serum Folate Concentrations and Functional Disability in Older Adults. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030619. [PMID: 36978867 PMCID: PMC10045063 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Folate may have beneficial effects on physical function through its antioxidant effect. Thus, we investigated the associations between serum folate and functional disability in older adults. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2018 were used. Serum folate included 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and total folate. Five domains of functional disability, including lower extremity mobility (LEM), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), activities of daily living (ADL), leisure and social activities (LSA), and general physical activities (GPA), were self-reported. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines were employed. 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate was inversely associated with IADL and GPA disability, and the multivariate-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) in the highest versus lowest quartiles were 0.65 (0.46–0.91) and 0.70 (0.50–0.96), respectively. The total folate was also inversely associated with IADL (OR quartile 4vs1 = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.46–0.90) and GPA (OR quartile 3vs1 = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.44–0.99) disability. The dose–response relationships showed a gradual decrease in the risk of IADL and GPA disability as serum folate increased. In the sex, age, BMI, and alcohol consumption subgroup analyses, we saw that the associations were primarily found in females, under 80 years old, normal weight, and non-drinkers. Sensitivity analyses further confirmed the robustness of our results. Our results indicated that serum folate concentrations were negatively associated with IADL and GPA disability, especially in females. In other subgroup analyses, we discovered that these negative associations were primarily prevalent in participants under 80 years old, normal weight, and non-drinkers.
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Vigna L, Tirelli AS, Gaggini M, Di Piazza S, Tomaino L, Turolo S, Moroncini G, Chatzianagnostou K, Bamonti F, Vassalle C. Insulin resistance and cardiometabolic indexes: comparison of concordance in working-age subjects with overweight and obesity. Endocrine 2022; 77:231-241. [PMID: 35665880 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03087-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to evaluate indexes of insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk in a large population of workers with overweight or obesity, in order to identify a possible efficient, cheap and simple strategy to apply in workers' health surveillance. METHODS The evaluation of IR and cardiometabolic risk indexes (HOMA, QUICKI, Ty/HDLC, TyG, insuTAG, Castelli risk indexes 1 and 2, non-HDLC, TRL-C, AIP, and VAI) was performed in a population of 1195 working-age subjects with overweight or obesity (322 males, mean age 49 ± 11 years). RESULTS The prevalence of IR and cardiometabolic risk was higher among males for all indexes. Aging, waist circumference, BMI, blood pressure, glucose, CRP, fibrinogen and uric acid were correlated more frequently with IR/cardiometabolic indexes in women, homocysteine in men. The percentage of the workers identified as insulin resistant (IR+) or at higher cardiometabolic risk greatly vary according to the different index used. CONCLUSION With a small group of biomarkers and anthropometric measures (fasting glucose and insulin, lipid profile, BMI and waist circumference) is possible to calculate a number of IR/cardiometabolic indexes, which, likely reflecting different pathophysiological aspects also related to gender, might help in a personalized evaluation of IR and cardiometabolic risk. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisella Vigna
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico. Occupational Health Unit, Obesity and Work Center, EASO Collaborating Center for Obesity Management, Milan, Italy
| | - Amedea Silvia Tirelli
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Grande Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico. Clinical Chemistry and Microbiology Bacteriology and Virology Units, Milan, Italy
| | - Melania Gaggini
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Salvina Di Piazza
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico. Occupational Health Unit, Obesity and Work Center, EASO Collaborating Center for Obesity Management, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Tomaino
- Emergency Medicine Residency Program, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Turolo
- Fondazione IRCCS Cà Grande Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico. UOC Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Moroncini
- Clinica Medica, Azienda Ospedali Riuniti, Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda ospedaliera Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizia Bamonti
- Former Associate Professor of Clinical Biochemistry, Board Certify in Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Yoo TK, Rhim HC, Lee YT, Yoon KJ, Park CH. Relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and coexisting obesity with low skeletal muscle mass in asymptomatic adult population. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12439. [PMID: 35858996 PMCID: PMC9300668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16401-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and obesity with low skeletal muscle mass (LMM) has not been established. We aim to assess the association between HHcy and the coexistence of obesity and LMM in asymptomatic adult population. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study among asymptomatic individuals who underwent measurements of plasma homocysteine and body composition analysis. HHcy was defined as > 15 umol/L, obesity as body mass index ≥ 25 (kg/m2), and LMM as skeletal muscle index less than 2 SD below the sex-specific mean of young adults. The participants were classified into ‘control’, ‘obesity alone’, ‘LMM alone’, and ‘obesity with LMM’. Among 113,805 participants, the prevalence of HHcy was 8.3% in control, 8.7% in obesity alone, 10.0% in LMM alone, and 13.0% in obesity with LMM (p for trend < 0.001). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, the associations showed a positive trend for HHcy along the groups from obesity alone, to LMM alone, and to obesity with LMM. HHcy was independently associated with the presence of LMM alone (adjusted odds ratio 1.186 [95% confidence interval 1.117–1.259]) and obesity with LMM (1.424 [1.134–1.788]), respectively. This study demonstrated that HHcys was more strongly associated with coexistence of obesity and LMM than either condition alone in the adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kyung Yoo
- Department of Medicine, MetroWest Medical Center/Tufts University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Hye Chang Rhim
- Department of Medicine, MetroWest Medical Center/Tufts University School of Medicine, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Yong-Taek Lee
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunanro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jae Yoon
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunanro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Hyun Park
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunanro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea. .,Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Choi JH, Seo JW, Lee MY, Lee YT, Yoon KJ, Park CH. Association between Elevated Plasma Homocysteine and Low Skeletal Muscle Mass in Asymptomatic Adults. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022; 37:333-343. [PMID: 35144330 PMCID: PMC9081311 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2021.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homocysteine has been drawing attention with a closed linkage with skeletal muscle. However, the association of hyperhomocysteinemia with decreased skeletal muscle mass remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of hyperhomocysteinemia with low skeletal muscle mass (LMM) in asymptomatic adults. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 114,583 community-dwelling adults without cancer, stroke, or cardiovascular diseases who underwent measurements of plasma homocysteine and body composition analysis from 2012 to 2018. Hyperhomocysteinemia was defined as >15 μmol/L. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated based on appendicular muscle mass (kg)/height (m)2. Participants were classified into three groups based on SMI: "normal," "mildly low," and "severely low." RESULTS The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia was the highest in subjects with severely LMM (12.9%), followed by those with mildly LMM (9.8%), and those with normal muscle mass (8.5%) (P for trend <0.001). In a multivariable logistic regression model, hyperhomocysteinemia was significantly associated with having a mildly LMM (odds ratio [OR], 1.305; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.224 to 1.392) and severely LMM (OR, 1.958; 95% CI, 1.667 to 2.286), respectively. One unit increment of log-transformed homocysteine was associated with 1.360 and 2.169 times higher risk of having mildly LMM and severely LMM, respectively. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that elevated homocysteine has an independent association with LMM in asymptomatic adults, supporting that hyperhomocysteinemia itself can be a risk for decline in skeletal musculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyeong Choi
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Seo
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Yeon Lee
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of R&D Management, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Taek Lee
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Jae Yoon
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul-Hyun Park
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Zhao W, Gao F, Lv L, Chen X. The interaction of hypertension and homocysteine increases the risk of mortality among middle-aged and older population in the United States. J Hypertens 2022; 40:254-263. [PMID: 34475348 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the interaction of hypertension and total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) levels on risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among middle-aged and older population. METHODS This observational cohort study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database (1999-2002 survey cycle). A generalized additive model (GAM) based on Cox proportional hazards models was applied to estimate the relationship of tHcy level with all-cause and CVD mortality. Stratification analyses by sex and renal function were performed. RESULTS Among 5724 individuals aged 40-85, 704 (12.3%) died, with 339 CVD deaths after a median follow-up period of 5.58 years. Mean age was 60.7 ± 13.4 years (49.6% men). In the fully adjusted model, we found that per 1 μmol/l increment of plasma tHcy was associated with 8% increased risk of all-cause mortality and 7% increased risk of CVD mortality in hypertensive participants. The adjusted hazard ratio (95% CIs) for all-cause and CVD mortality were 1.08 (1.06-1.10) and 1.07 (1.04-1.10), respectively. There were pronounced interactive effects between hypertension and tHcy levels on risk of all-cause mortality (P for interaction = 0.031). CONCLUSION Hypertension and tHcy levels can interactively affect the risk of all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older population. Conceivably, hypertension may further enhance the ability of elevated tHcy to provoke the risk of all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faliang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College
| | - Laidi Lv
- Department of General Practice, Hangzhou Zhaohui Jiedao Community Healthcare Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of General Practice
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Zahed H, Johansson M, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Milne RL, Giles GG, Manjer J, Sandsveden M, Langhammer A, Sørgjerd EP, Grankvist K, Johansson M, Freedman ND, Huang WY, Chen C, Prentice R, Stevens VL, Wang Y, Le Marchand L, Wilkens LR, Weinstein SJ, Albanes D, Cai Q, Blot WJ, Arslan AA, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A, Shu XO, Zheng W, Yuan JM, Koh WP, Visvanathan K, Sesso HD, Zhang X, Gaziano JM, Fanidi A, Muller D, Brennan P, Guida F, Robbins HA. Epidemiology of 40 blood biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism, vitamin status, inflammation, and renal and endothelial function among cancer-free older adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13805. [PMID: 34226613 PMCID: PMC8257595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Imbalances of blood biomarkers are associated with disease, and biomarkers may also vary non-pathologically across population groups. We described variation in concentrations of biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism, vitamin status, inflammation including tryptophan metabolism, and endothelial and renal function among cancer-free older adults. We analyzed 5167 cancer-free controls aged 40-80 years from 20 cohorts in the Lung Cancer Cohort Consortium (LC3). Centralized biochemical analyses of 40 biomarkers in plasma or serum were performed. We fit multivariable linear mixed effects models to quantify variation in standardized biomarker log-concentrations across four factors: age, sex, smoking status, and body mass index (BMI). Differences in most biomarkers across most factors were small, with 93% (186/200) of analyses showing an estimated difference lower than 0.25 standard-deviations, although most were statistically significant due to large sample size. The largest difference was for creatinine by sex, which was - 0.91 standard-deviations lower in women than men (95%CI - 0.98; - 0.84). The largest difference by age was for total cysteine (0.40 standard-deviation increase per 10-year increase, 95%CI 0.36; 0.43), and by BMI was for C-reactive protein (0.38 standard-deviation increase per 5-kg/m2 increase, 95%CI 0.34; 0.41). For 31 of 40 markers, the mean difference between current and never smokers was larger than between former and never smokers. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) association with time since smoking cessation was observed for 8 markers, including C-reactive protein, kynurenine, choline, and total homocysteine. We conclude that most blood biomarkers show small variations across demographic characteristics. Patterns by smoking status point to normalization of multiple physiological processes after smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Zahed
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Per M Ueland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Department of Surgery, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Malte Sandsveden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Arnulf Langhammer
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Hunt Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Elin Pettersen Sørgjerd
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Hunt Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Levanger, Norway
| | - Kjell Grankvist
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Umea University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umea University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Ross Prentice
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | | | - Ying Wang
- American Cancer Society, Atlanta, USA
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, USA
| | - Lynne R Wilkens
- University of Hawai'i Cancer Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, USA
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | | | - Alan A Arslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Comprehensive Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
- Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Comprehensive Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA
| | | | - Kala Visvanathan
- Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baltimore, USA
| | - Howard D Sesso
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | | | - David Muller
- Imperial College London School of Public Health, London, UK
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Guida
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Hilary A Robbins
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France.
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Du J, Shao B, Gao Y, Wei Z, Zhang Y, Li H, Wang J, Shi Y, Su J, Liu Q, Liu Y, Wang P, Xie C, Wang C, Guo X, Li G. Associations of long-term exposure to air pollution with blood pressure and homocysteine among adults in Beijing, China: A cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 197:111202. [PMID: 33894236 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the hypertensive effect of long-term exposure to air pollution are mixed, and sparse evidence exists regarding its effects on homocysteine (Hcy), another crucial risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS We collected data from 23,256 participants aged 18-74 years at baseline (years 2017-2018) from a community-based cohort in China. A linear combination of concentrations from monitoring stations at the participants' home and work addresses, weighted by the time, was used to estimate two-year exposures to particulate matter with fine particles≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), aerodynamic diameter≤10 μm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). Generalized linear regressions and logistic regressions were conducted to examine the associations between air pollution and systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Hcy, hypertension and co-occurrence of hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). RESULTS The results showed that each interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5 (16.1 μg/m3), PM10 (19.3 μg/m3) and SO2 (3.9 μg/m3) was significantly associated with SBP (changes: 0.64-1.86 mmHg), DBP (changes: 0.35-0.70 mmHg) and Hcy (changes: 0.77-1.04 μmol/L) in the fully adjusted model. These air pollutants were also statistically associated with the prevalence of co-occurrence of hypertension and HHcy (ORs: 1.22-1.32), which were stronger than associations with the prevalence of hypertension (ORs: 1.09-1.19). The hypertensive effects of exposure to PM2.5, PM10 and SO2 were more pronounced among elder participants, obese participants, those with established CVD or a high 10-year CVD risk and those with a family history of hypertension. However, interaction analyses of Hcy showed different patterns. Additionally, moderate level of physical activity and active travel mode benefited individuals in resisting the health impacts of air pollution on both blood pressure (BP) and Hcy. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports a positive relationship between air pollution and BP and Hcy among adults in Beijing, and close attention to vulnerable populations and healthy lifestyles could effectively benefit further cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Du
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Bing Shao
- Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Yanlin Gao
- Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Zaihua Wei
- Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Zhendui Industry Artificial Intelligence Co. Ltd, Beijing, 518101, China
| | - Hong Li
- Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Yunping Shi
- Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Jianting Su
- Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Chunyan Xie
- Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Xinbiao Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Gang Li
- Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100013, China.
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Concepción Alvarez A, Camayd Viera I, Vento Buigues L, Fernández Martínez Y, Hernández E, Marín Padrón LC, Pérez Rodríguez J, Gámez Torres G. Reference values of plasma homocysteine in Cuban children and adults. J LAB MED 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/labmed-2019-0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Homocysteine (Hcy) is a nonessential amino acid, produced by the demethylation of methionine. High Hcy levels, or hyperhomocysteinemia, have been associated with genetic and multifactorial diseases. Hcy reference values may vary between different populations, as Hcy levels are affected by factors such as sex, age, diet, smoking, and coffee consumption. The estimation reference interval (RI) allows to establish the normal values of this marker in population. At present, these levels are unknown in Cuba. The aim of this work is to estimate the Hcy reference intervals in Cuban children and adults.
Methods
Total Hcy concentration was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in plasma. Hcy levels were evaluated in samples from 507 healthy individuals (260 children, 247 adults).
Results
RIs were estimated by nonparametric methods. We found significant differences between both age groups, but we did not find significant differences between sexes, within these groups. The established ranges were 2.56–14.55 µM and 3.63–17.19 µM for children and adults, respectively. Also, we observed a weak association between Hcy levels and age in both sex groups.
Conclusions
This is the first study that assesses Hcy reference values in Cuban population. Our results will allow the introduction of Hcy as a biochemical marker in laboratory testing.
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10
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Peng X, Zhou Y, Wu X, Wang X, Bai H, Li Y, Wang Z, Chen X, Wang Y. Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) variant C677T and risk of carotid atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional analysis of 730 Chinese Han adults in Chongqing. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:222. [PMID: 32404177 PMCID: PMC7222312 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncertainty still remains on the correlation of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) variant C677T with risk of carotid atherosclerosis (CAS), and there is a lack of reports on C677T/MTHFR in the Asian population. The association of C677T/MTHFR polymorphisms with CAS in the Chinese Han population in Chongqing was investigated in the present study. METHODS Subjects (n = 730, 214 females and 516 males, Han ethnicity) who provided an informed consent were randomly selected from the general population of Chongqing, China. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and Sanger sequencing genotyping assays were used to determine the MTHFR genotypes. The atherosclerosis index of the intima-media thickness (IMT) was measured by high-resolution ultrasound to evaluate the CAS. Less than 1.0 mm was considered as normal for IMT, 1.0-1.5 mm was considered as thickening, and ≥ 1.5 mm and a local bulge thickened in the lumen was considered as CAS. According to the carotid ultrasonography results, these subjects were divided into two groups: CAS-group (IMT ≥ 1.0 mm) and control group (IMT < 1.0 mm). RESULTS The frequency of C/T heterozygotes, T/T homozygotes genotype was significantly higher in the subjects with CAS (62% vs. 36.9%; 16.2% vs. 9.5%; 47.2% vs. 27.9%, P < 0.05), while the frequency of C/C homozygotes and C allele was significantly lower (21.8% vs. 53.7%; 52.8% vs. 72.1%, P < 0.05), when compared to the control group. The risk of CAS was higher for subjects with C/T heterozygotes and T/T homozygotes (OR = 4.06, 95% CI: 2.76-5.98, P < 0.001 and OR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.73-5.69, P < 0.001, respectively), when compared to the subjects with the C/C genotype. In the model 1 (CT + TT versus CC), C677T/MTHFR was significantly associated with the prevalence of CAS, and the all adjusted OR values for CAS were 3.87 (95% CI, 2.67 to 5.62) in all, 17.18 (95% CI, 7.27 to 40.49) in women and 2.57 (95% CI, 1.65 to 3.99) in men after adjusting for potential confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that a mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene is a risk factor of CAS in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulei Peng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongli Zhou
- Health Management Department, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxing Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huili Bai
- Department of the Clinical molecular Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Emergency Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital Of ChongQing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yonghong Wang
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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11
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Drut A, Soetart N, Bertin C, Le Corff E, Berder C, Thorin C, Nguyen P, Simard G, Mallem MY. Plasma homocysteine concentration in privately owned healthy adult cats: assessment of biological determinants and establishment of a reference interval. J Feline Med Surg 2019; 22:623-630. [PMID: 31422757 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x19868549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The assessment of homocysteine status in diseased cats has indicated high plasma concentrations in chronic kidney disease and yielded conflicting results with respect to cardiovascular disorders. Previous investigations in small populations of normal cats revealed greater-than-expected variability in plasma homocysteine concentration. The purpose of this study was to determine biological determinants and the reference interval (RI) of plasma homocysteine concentration in the feline species, under strict pre-analytical conditions. METHODS In this prospective observational study, privately owned healthy adult cats underwent a complete physical examination, urinalysis and blood testing, in order to rule out any signs of disease. Plasma homocysteine concentration was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Of 151 cats recruited, 30 cats were not included owing to abnormal physical examination or fractious behaviour, and 30 cats were excluded based on abnormalities on blood work or urinalysis. Plasma homocysteine concentrations >28 µmol/l were associated with a dietary protein content >9.3 g/100 kcal metabolisable energy. The RI for plasma homocysteine concentration was determined to be 6.2-52.3 µmol/l. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Normal values for plasma homocysteine concentration in cats have a wide RI, suggesting high inter-individual variability. Whether some healthy cats exhibit impaired homocysteine metabolism remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Drut
- Department of Clinical Science, Oniris - Nantes Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France.,Nutrition, Physiopathology and Pharmacology Unit, Oniris - Nantes Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Soetart
- Department of Biology, Pathology and Food Science, Oniris - Nantes Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Carole Bertin
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Emmanuelle Le Corff
- Department of Clinical Science, Oniris - Nantes Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Caroline Berder
- Nutrition, Physiopathology and Pharmacology Unit, Oniris - Nantes Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France.,Department of Biology, Pathology and Food Science, Oniris - Nantes Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Chantal Thorin
- Nutrition, Physiopathology and Pharmacology Unit, Oniris - Nantes Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Patrick Nguyen
- Nutrition, Physiopathology and Pharmacology Unit, Oniris - Nantes Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Gilles Simard
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - M Yassine Mallem
- Nutrition, Physiopathology and Pharmacology Unit, Oniris - Nantes Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
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12
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Dietary Vitamin B 6 Intake Associated with a Decreased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071484. [PMID: 31261898 PMCID: PMC6682858 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the biological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of vitamin B6 on cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been reported on, epidemiological studies have yielded controversial results, and data on the Korean population are limited. This study examined the association between dietary vitamin B6 intake and CVD incidence in Koreans. A total of 9142 participants of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, aged 40–69 years, who did not have CVD or cancer at the baseline were included in the analysis. Dietary data were assessed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. CVD incidence was assessed using biennial questionnaires and confirmed through repeated personal interviews. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression models. After multivariate adjustment, a higher vitamin B6 intake was significantly associated with a decreased CVD risk in men (HR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.25–0.78); no such association was observed in women. Dose-response analysis confirmed the presence of inverse linearity between vitamin B6 intake and CVD incidence in men (p for nonlinearity = 0.3). A higher dietary intake level of vitamin B6 was associated with a reduced CVD risk in Korean men. These observations require further verification in other populations.
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13
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Metwalley KA, Farghaly HS, Abdelhamid A. Homocysteine Level in Children with Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Relationship to Carotid Intimal Wall Thickness and Left Ventricular Function. Horm Res Paediatr 2019; 90:228-235. [PMID: 30317242 DOI: 10.1159/000492900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Homocysteine is an important and independent risk factor for atherosclerotic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of homocysteine in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and their relation to carotid artery intima-media thickness (CA-IMT) and left ventricular (LV) function. METHODS This study included 36 children with classic CAH and 36 healthy children. All underwent anthropometric evaluation. Measurement of serum levels of total homocysteine was carried out. The LV mass (LVM) and function were assessed using conventional echocardiography. Duplex ultrasonography was used to measure CA-IMT. RESULTS Compared to the controls, the patients had higher homocysteine levels (p = 0.001), a thicker CA-IMT (p = 0.01), a higher LVM index (LVMI) (p = 0.001), and a prolonged mitral deceleration time (DcT) (p = 0.01). Abnormalities were marked in children who were uncontrolled on medical treatment. In multivariate analysis, homocysteine levels were significantly correlated with systolic (OR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.10-1.18; p = 0.01) and diastolic blood pressures (OR = 2.9; 95% CI: 1.45-2.4; p = 0.01), atherogenic index (OR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.33-2.89; p = 0.01), HOMA-IR (OR = 1.3; 95% CI: 1.04-1.34; p = 0.001), LVMI (OR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.1-1.13; p = 0.001), mitral DcT (OR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.15-2.05; p = 0.01), and CA-IMT (OR = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.16-1.57; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Serum total homocysteine was elevated in children with classic CAH, particularly in those with poor control on medical treatment, and it was correlated with CA-IMT, LVMI, and mitral DcT. Measurement of homocysteine in children with CAH may help to identify those at high risk of developing LV dysfunction and subclinical atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hekma Saad Farghaly
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman Abdelhamid
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Qena Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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14
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Vidoni ML, Pettee Gabriel K, Luo ST, Simonsick EM, Day RS. Relationship between Homocysteine and Muscle Strength Decline: The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:546-551. [PMID: 28958086 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Decreased muscle strength is strongly associated with future mobility limitations in older adults. Homocysteine is a risk factor for vascular disease and may exacerbate muscle strength decline. The present study aimed to examine the association between homocysteine levels and muscle strength in adults aged 50 years or older. Methods Data were from 1,101 participants of The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging between December 2004 and March 2015. Muscle strength was measured using grip strength. Mixed effects linear regression was used to estimate the association between homocysteine and muscle strength in men and women, separately. Results Total mean follow-up time was 4.7 ± 3.1 years, range from 0 to 10.1 years. Baseline mean grip strength was 39.9 kg for men and 25.5 kg for women. Grip strength declined over the follow-up time for both men and women. Among women, there was a significant inverse relationship between homocysteine and grip strength, where grip strength declined as a function of increasing homocysteine over time (β = -0.05, p = .031). Among men, an increase of 1 μmol/L in homocysteine was associated with -0.10 kg decrease in grip strength, though not significantly. Conclusions In this study of healthy older adults aged 50 years or older, higher homocysteine was related to lower muscle strength in women. This is the first study to characterize the relationship over a long follow-up period. Future research should focus on assessing homocysteine as a marker of physical function decline and translating the relationship into clinical and public health practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Vidoni
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health in Austin
| | - Sheng T Luo
- Division of Biostatistics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health
| | - Eleanor M Simonsick
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - R Sue Day
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Science, Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health
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15
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Zhang X, Hou C, Liu P, Chen L, Liu Y, Tang P, Li R. Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ( MTHFR) C677T Polymorphism and Subacute Combined Degeneration: Revealing a Genetic Predisposition. Front Neurol 2019; 9:1162. [PMID: 30687218 PMCID: PMC6333660 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.01162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 deficiency is regarded as the prevailing cause of subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord (SCD). Nevertheless, the genetic predisposition to SCD remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and SCD. We investigated MTHFR C677T polymorphism in SCD patients and found that the distribution of MTHFR C677T genotypes was significantly different between SCD patients and age-matched controls. Furthermore, the T allele frequency was markedly increased in SCD compared with the controls. In addition, the plasma homocysteine concentrations in subjects with the TT genotype were significantly elevated compared to those with the CC genotype. Logistic regression analysis results revealed that the MTHFR C677T genotype (TT vs. CT and CC) and vitamin B12 deficiency were risk factors for SCD. Our findings indicate that the T allele of the MTHFR C677T confers a strong genetic predisposition to SCD and provide evidence of an association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and SCD. These data reveal a potential mechanism underlying SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.,Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Hou
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Tang
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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16
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Sadre-Marandi F, Dahdoul T, Reed MC, Nijhout HF. Sex differences in hepatic one-carbon metabolism. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2018; 12:89. [PMID: 30355281 PMCID: PMC6201565 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-018-0621-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background There are large differences between men and women of child-bearing age in the expression level of 5 key enzymes in one-carbon metabolism almost certainly caused by the sex hormones. These male-female differences in one-carbon metabolism are greatly accentuated during pregnancy. Thus, understanding the origin and consequences of sex differences in one-carbon metabolism is important for precision medicine. Results We have created a mathematical model of hepatic one-carbon metabolism based on the underlying physiology and biochemistry. We use the model to investigate the consequences of sex differences in gene expression. We give a mechanistic understanding of observed concentration differences in one-carbon metabolism and explain why women have lower S-andenosylmethionine, lower homocysteine, and higher choline and betaine. We give a new explanation of the well known phenomenon that folate supplementation lowers homocysteine and we show how to use the model to investigate the effects of vitamin deficiencies, gene polymorphisms, and nutrient input changes. Conclusions Our model of hepatic one-carbon metabolism is a useful platform for investigating the mechanistic reasons that underlie known associations between metabolites. In particular, we explain how gene expression differences lead to metabolic differences between males and females. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12918-018-0621-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farrah Sadre-Marandi
- Mathematical Biosciences Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, OH, USA
| | - Thabat Dahdoul
- Department of Mathematics, Cal-State Fullerton, Fullerton, 92831, CA, USA
| | - Michael C Reed
- Department of Mathematics, Duke University, 120 Science Drive, Box 90320, Durham, 27708, NC, USA.
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17
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Li D, Liu HX, Fang YY, Huo JN, Wu QJ, Wang TR, Zhou YM, Wang XX, Ma XX. Hyperhomocysteinemia in polycystic ovary syndrome: decreased betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase and cystathionine β-synthase-mediated homocysteine metabolism. Reprod Biomed Online 2018; 37:234-241. [PMID: 29804940 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION What are the metabolic characteristics of homocysteine in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)? DESIGN Homocysteine concentrations were determined in serum samples from non-obese and obese control subjects and PCOS patients. Homocysteine metabolism was studied in a rat model of PCOS established using dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) or DHEA in combination with a high-fat diet (HFD). RESULTS It was shown that (i) serum homocysteine concentrations were greater in PCOS patients than in control subjects in the obese group (P < 0.05) and serum homocysteine concentrations were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group, regardless of PCOS status (both P < 0.05); (ii) serum homocysteine concentrations were significantly increased in DHEA + HFD-induced rats compared with controls (P < 0.05); (iii) when compared with the control group, mRNA concentrations of homocysteine metabolic enzymes Bhmt and Cbs were significantly reduced in the liver tissues of DHEA + HFD-induced rats (both P < 0.0001); (iv) when compared with the control group, there was a significant decrease in the methylation concentrations of the Cbs (P < 0.05) and Bhmt (P < 0.05 and P < 0.0001) promoter in the DHEA + HFD group. The methylation patterns, together with previous data, indicate that hypomethylated promoter-mediated transcriptional activation of Bhmt and Cbs might be a defence mechanism against PCOS-related hyperhomocysteinemia. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that decreased liver Bhmt and Cbs-mediated homocysteine metabolism might have a role in hyperhomocysteinemia in PCOS and provides further evidence for a potential role of decreased liver function in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Li
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Hong-Xiang Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fang
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jia-Ning Huo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Qi-Jun Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Tian-Ren Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yi-Ming Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiu-Xia Wang
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Xiao-Xin Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hyperhomocysteineamia (HHcy) has long been suggested as a risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, the association between HHcy and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is still controversial. There is a lack of research on this topic in the Chinese population. This study aims to provide further results. METHODS 240 PAD patients and 240 control subjects were evaluated for both serum total homocysteine levels and ankle brachial indexes (ABIs). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between HHcy and the risk of developing PAD. Interaction and stratified analyses were conducted according to age, sex, smoking status, drinking status, and histories of chronic disease. RESULTS The multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the risk of PAD was significantly associated with serum homocysteine levels. The interaction analysis showed no interactive role in the association between HHcy and PAD, indicating that homocysteine was associated with PAD independently of classical vascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, HHcy is an independent risk factor for PAD in the Chinese Han population. A prospective and randomized clinical trial of homocysteine lowering therapy in the Chinese population is needed to assess the causal nature of the relationship.
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19
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Chen S, Guo X, Dong S, Li Z, Sun Y. Relationship between lifestyle factors and hyperhomocysteinemia in general Chinese population: a cross-sectional study. Postgrad Med 2016; 129:216-223. [PMID: 27797301 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2017.1255126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy) is a known cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. Observational studies had supported the role of lifestyle factors such as physical activity, diet and alcohol consumption in CVD prevention. Our study aimed to determine the relationship between Hhcy and lifestyle factors in general Chinese population. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 7135 adults (3320 men and 3815 women) aged 35 years or older were recruited from the rural Northeast China. Data on lifestyle factors, such as physical activities, sleep duration, current smoking and drinking status, dietary habits and familial factors were collected in interviews and laboratory examinations were performed by well-trained personnel. RESULTS Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) level was higher in men than in women, and greater in the elderly than in other age groups. Subjects with Hhcy were more likely to be current smokers (men: OR 1.328, 95% CI 1.143-1.543, p<0.001; women: OR 1.465, 95% CI 1.214-1.767, p<0.001). Separately, men with Hhcy were more likely to have an education of primary school or below (OR 1.251, 95% CI 1.068-1.465, p=0.006) and less likely to eat more vegetables (OR 0.927, 95% CI 0.863-0.996, p=0.037) than the normal-tHcy participants. In women, participants with Hhcy were more likely to have longer sleeping time (>9h/d) (OR 1.677, 95% CI 1.292-2.177, p<0.001), low physical activity (OR 1.721, 95% CI 1.197-2.475, p=0.044) and increased diet score (OR 1.126, 95% CI 1.007-1.259, p=0.037) and less likely to be current drinkers (OR 0.488, 95% CI 0.297-0.802, p=0.005) than the normal-tHcy participants. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that physical activity and current drinking status were not significantly associated with Hhcy in males, but inversely associated in females. In both genders, current smoking status and dietary habits were significantly associated with Hhcy. Our study supports existing recommendations for Chinese to maintain a physically active behaviors and healthy lifestyle habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Chen
- a Department of Cardiology , The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Xiaofan Guo
- a Department of Cardiology , The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Dong
- b Department of Thoracic Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Zhao Li
- a Department of Cardiology , The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Yingxian Sun
- a Department of Cardiology , The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , P.R. China
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20
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Zeng Q, Li F, Xiang T, Wang W, Ma C, Yang C, Chen H, Xiang H. Influence of food groups on plasma total homocysteine for specific MTHFR C677T genotypes in Chinese population. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 61. [PMID: 27515258 PMCID: PMC5297973 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Scope It has been demonstrated that a mutation of MTHFR C677T increases plasma total homocysteine (Hcy) concentration and decreases folate. Natural foods can improve Hcy levels, but the effect of certain foods remains undetermined. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between food groups and Hcy, and to explore the correlations between Hcy and dietary folate/vitamin (Vit) B12 for genotype‐specific population. Methods and results A total of 4507 adults were enrolled in this study, all of whom underwent physical examinations and genotyping. A dietary recall questionnaire, which assessed the frequency (F) and quantity (Q) of food consumption, was completed by all. For the male CC group, after adjustment for age and BMI, fish (F) was negatively correlated with Hcy; for the male CT group, fish (F) and eggs (F) were negatively associated with Hcy, whereas cereal/wheat (Q) were positively correlated with Hcy; for the male TT group, fish (F), meat (Q), milk (F), and fruits/vegetables (Q) were negatively associated with Hcy, whereas sugar (Q) and salt (Q) were positively associated with Hcy. For the female CC group, fruits/vegetables (Q), eggs (F) and meat (F) were negatively correlated with Hcy, but soy (F) was positively correlated with Hcy; for the female CT group, eggs (F) and meat (Q) were negatively correlated with Hcy, whereas soy (F), fried foods (F) and salt (Q) were positively correlated with Hcy; for the female TT group, fish(F), eggs (F), and fruits/vegetables (F) were negatively associated with Hcy. Furthermore, we found that Hcy was more closely correlated with folate than with Vit B12 for males (CC, CT and TT) and female TT genotype. However, the correlation between Hcy and Vit B12 was stronger for the female CT/CC groups. Conclusion Hcy levels were influenced by food groups to varying degrees, which were based on gender and MTHFR C677T genotypes. Hcy levels were more closely correlated with folate for males (CC, CT and TT) and the female TT group, but it was more closely correlated with Vit B12 for the female CT/CC groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zeng
- Health Management Institute of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Li
- Health Management Institute of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyuan Xiang
- Department of Hyperbaric-Oxygen, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- Health Management Institute of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Ma
- Health Management Institute of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force, Beijing, China
| | - Haixu Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Normal Aging and Geriatrics, Geriatrics Institute of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Xiang
- Health Management Institute of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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The association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotypes with the risk of childhood leukemia in Taiwan. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119776. [PMID: 25793509 PMCID: PMC4368437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most prevalent type of pediatric cancer, the causes of which are likely to involve an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. To evaluate the effects of the genotypic polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) on childhood ALL risk in Taiwan, two well-known polymorphic genotypes of MTHFR, C677T (rs1801133) and A1298C (rs1801131), were analyzed to examine the extent of their associations with childhood ALL susceptibility and to discuss the MTHFR genotypic contribution to childhood ALL risk among different populations. Methodology/Principal Findings In total, 266 patients with childhood ALL and an equal number of non-cancer controls recruited were genotyped utilizing PCR-RFLP methodology. The MTHFR C677T genotype, but not the A1298C, was differently distributed between childhood ALL and control groups. The CT and TT of MTHFR C677T genotypes were significantly more frequently found in controls than in childhood ALL patients (odds ratios=0.60 and 0.48, 95% confidence intervals=0.42–0.87 and 0.24–0.97, respectively). As for gender, the boys carrying the MTHFR C677T CT or TT genotype conferred a lower odds ratio of 0.51 (95% confidence interval=0.32–0.81, P=0.0113) for childhood ALL. As for age, those equal to or greater than 3.5 years of age at onset of disease carrying the MTHFR C677T CT or TT genotype were of lower risk (odds ratio= 0.43 and 95% confidence interval=0.26–0.71, P=0.0016). Conclusions Our results indicated that the MTHFR C677T T allele was a protective biomarker for childhood ALL in Taiwan, and the association was more significant in male patients and in patients 3.5 years of age or older at onset of disease.
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Bertoia ML, Pai JK, Cooke JP, Joosten MM, Mittleman MA, Rimm EB, Mukamal KJ. Plasma homocysteine, dietary B vitamins, betaine, and choline and risk of peripheral artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2014; 235:94-101. [PMID: 24819748 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few studies have examined the roles of homocysteine and related nutrients in the development of peripheral artery disease (PAD). We examined the associations between plasma homocysteine, dietary B vitamins, betaine, choline, and supplemental folic acid use and incidence of PAD. METHODS We used two cohort studies of 72,348 women in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS, 1990-2010) and 44,504 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS, 1986-2010). We measured plasma homocysteine in nested matched case-control studies of clinically recognized PAD within both cohorts, including 143 PAD cases and 424 controls within the NHS (1990-2010) and 143 PAD cases and 428 controls within the HPFS (1994-2008). We examined the association between diet and risk of incident PAD in the cohorts using a food frequency questionnaire and 790 cases of PAD over 3.1 million person-years of follow-up. RESULTS Higher homocysteine levels were positively associated with risk of PAD in men (adjusted IRR 2.17; 95% CI, 1.08-4.38 for tertile 3 vs. 1). There was no evidence of an association in women (adjusted IRR 1.14; 95% CI, 0.61-2.12). Similarly, higher folate intake, including supplements, was inversely associated with risk of PAD in men (adjusted HR 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.98 for each 250 μg increase) but not women (HR 1.01, 95% CI, 0.88-1.15). Intakes of the other B vitamins, betaine, and choline were not consistently associated with risk of PAD in men or women. CONCLUSION Homocysteine levels were positively associated and dietary folate intake was inversely associated with risk of PAD in men but not in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L Bertoia
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jennifer K Pai
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John P Cooke
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michel M Joosten
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Murray A Mittleman
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth J Mukamal
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Stanger O, Fowler B, Piertzik K, Huemer M, Haschke-Becher E, Semmler A, Lorenzl S, Linnebank M. Homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12in neuropsychiatric diseases: review and treatment recommendations. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 9:1393-412. [DOI: 10.1586/ern.09.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Homocysteine and the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C→T polymorphism in relation to muscle mass and strength, physical performance and postural sway. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67:743-8. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Red cell or serum folate: what to do in clinical practice? Clin Chem Lab Med 2013; 51:555-69. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2012-0639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Swart KMA, van Schoor NM, Heymans MW, Schaap LA, den Heijer M, Lips P. Elevated homocysteine levels are associated with low muscle strength and functional limitations in older persons. J Nutr Health Aging 2013; 17:578-84. [PMID: 23732556 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-013-0047-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to examine homocysteine in relation to different aspects of physical functioning. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional and longitudinal data (3-years follow-up) from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) were used. The study was performed in persons aged ≥ 65 years (N= 1301 after imputation). MEASUREMENTS Different measures of physical functioning, including muscle mass, grip strength, functional limitations, and falling were regarded as outcomes. Gender and serum creatinine level were investigated as effect modifiers. RESULTS Results were stratified by gender. In men, higher homocysteine levels were associated with lower grip strength (Quartile 4: regression coefficient (B)= -3.07 (-4.91; -1.22)), and more functional limitations at baseline (Quartile 4: B= 1.15 (0.16-2.14)). In women, higher homocysteine levels were associated with more functional limitations after 3 years (Quartile 4: B= 1.19 (0.25; 2.13)). Higher homocysteine levels were not associated with low muscle mass or falling. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest an inverse association of homocysteine levels with functional limitations in older men and women, and with muscle strength in older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M A Swart
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpal S Randeva
- Medicine Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
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28
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Marino M, Masella R, Bulzomi P, Campesi I, Malorni W, Franconi F. Nutrition and human health from a sex-gender perspective. Mol Aspects Med 2011; 32:1-70. [PMID: 21356234 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition exerts a life-long impact on human health, and the interaction between nutrition and health has been known for centuries. The recent literature has suggested that nutrition could differently influence the health of male and female individuals. Until the last decade of the 20th century, research on women has been neglected, and the results obtained in men have been directly translated to women in both the medicine and nutrition fields. Consequently, most modern guidelines are based on studies predominantly conducted on men. However, there are many sex-gender differences that are the result of multifactorial inputs, including gene repertoires, sex steroid hormones, and environmental factors (e.g., food components). The effects of these different inputs in male and female physiology will be different in different periods of ontogenetic development as well as during pregnancy and the ovarian cycle in females, which are also age dependent. As a result, different strategies have evolved to maintain male and female body homeostasis, which, in turn, implies that there are important differences in the bioavailability, metabolism, distribution, and elimination of foods and beverages in males and females. This article will review some of these differences underlying the impact of food components on the risk of developing diseases from a sex-gender perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Marino
- Department of Biology, University Roma Tre, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
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29
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Drogan D, Weikert C, Dierkes J, Klipstein-Grobusch K, Buijsse B, Möhlig M, Pfeiffer AFH, Pischon T, Spranger J, Boeing H. Plasma γ-Glutamyltransferase, Cysteinyl-Glycine, and Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30:2053-8. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.209346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective—
To investigate the interrelation between plasma γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity, cysteinyl-glycine (Cys-Gly) (ie, a thiol originating from GGT-mediated cleavage of glutathione), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) with regard to myocardial infarction (MI) risk in a prospective study.
Methods and Results—
Incident cases of MI were identified among European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam participants without prior MI during 6.0 years of follow-up. Baseline levels of Cys-Gly and oxLDL and GGT activity in plasma were measured in a case-cohort study comprising 837 subjects without incident MI and 116 subjects with incident MI. The relation of GGT, Cys-Gly and oxLDL to MI risk was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. After adjustment for established risk factors, hazard ratios associated with a 1-SD unit increase in the log-transformed biomarker were 1.63 (95% CI, 1.30 to 2.05) for GGT, 1.36 (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.72) for Cys-Gly, and 1.37 (95% CI, 1.00 to 1.86) for oxLDL. Cys-Gly and oxLDL accounted for 2.3% of the relation between GGT and MI risk.
Conclusion—
The positive association between GGT activity and MI risk appears to be independent of circulating Cys-Gly and oxLDL levels. With Cys-Gly, we found a potential new predictor of MI risk whose impact needs to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Drogan
- From the Department of Epidemiology (D.D., C.W., K.K.-G., B.B., T.P., and H.B.), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; the Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry (J.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; the Institute of Medicine (J.D.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; the Faculty of Health Sciences (K.K.-G.), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South
| | - Cornelia Weikert
- From the Department of Epidemiology (D.D., C.W., K.K.-G., B.B., T.P., and H.B.), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; the Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry (J.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; the Institute of Medicine (J.D.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; the Faculty of Health Sciences (K.K.-G.), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South
| | - Jutta Dierkes
- From the Department of Epidemiology (D.D., C.W., K.K.-G., B.B., T.P., and H.B.), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; the Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry (J.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; the Institute of Medicine (J.D.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; the Faculty of Health Sciences (K.K.-G.), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South
| | - Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch
- From the Department of Epidemiology (D.D., C.W., K.K.-G., B.B., T.P., and H.B.), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; the Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry (J.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; the Institute of Medicine (J.D.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; the Faculty of Health Sciences (K.K.-G.), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South
| | - Brian Buijsse
- From the Department of Epidemiology (D.D., C.W., K.K.-G., B.B., T.P., and H.B.), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; the Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry (J.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; the Institute of Medicine (J.D.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; the Faculty of Health Sciences (K.K.-G.), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South
| | - Matthias Möhlig
- From the Department of Epidemiology (D.D., C.W., K.K.-G., B.B., T.P., and H.B.), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; the Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry (J.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; the Institute of Medicine (J.D.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; the Faculty of Health Sciences (K.K.-G.), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South
| | - Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer
- From the Department of Epidemiology (D.D., C.W., K.K.-G., B.B., T.P., and H.B.), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; the Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry (J.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; the Institute of Medicine (J.D.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; the Faculty of Health Sciences (K.K.-G.), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South
| | - Tobias Pischon
- From the Department of Epidemiology (D.D., C.W., K.K.-G., B.B., T.P., and H.B.), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; the Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry (J.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; the Institute of Medicine (J.D.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; the Faculty of Health Sciences (K.K.-G.), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South
| | - Joachim Spranger
- From the Department of Epidemiology (D.D., C.W., K.K.-G., B.B., T.P., and H.B.), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; the Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry (J.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; the Institute of Medicine (J.D.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; the Faculty of Health Sciences (K.K.-G.), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South
| | - Heiner Boeing
- From the Department of Epidemiology (D.D., C.W., K.K.-G., B.B., T.P., and H.B.), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; the Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry (J.D.), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; the Institute of Medicine (J.D.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; the Faculty of Health Sciences (K.K.-G.), School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South
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Liu JJ, Gao YT, Du Z, Yang B, Jing X, Wang YJ, Wang FM, Jing L. Relationship between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and the outcome of hepatitis B virus infection. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2010; 18:1555-1562. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v18.i15.1555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the relationship between the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and the outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
METHODS: TaqMan SNP genotyping and sequencing assays were employed to determine the genotypes of MTHFR C677T and the distribution of alleles at this locus in 152 healthy control subjects, 161 self-limited HBV patients, 173 patients with chronic hepatitis B, 138 patients with HBV-induced liver cirrhosis and 181 cases with HBV-related HCC.
RESULTS: Of the 805 subjects, 47.09% had the CT genotype, 30.43% had the TT genotype, and 22.48% had the CC genotype. The frequencies of C and T allele were 46.02% and 53.98%, respectively, which are significantly different from those reported previously. Males with the TT genotype had a reduced risk of liver diseases. The odds ratio (OR) of TT and CT was lowest in the liver cirrhosis group versus the self-limited group (0.675, 95%CI: 0.308-1.479; 0.510, 95%CI: 0.248-1.050). In contrast, females with the TT and CT genotypes had an increased risk of self-limited HBV infection, chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. The liver cirrhosis group had the highest OR value versus the self-limited group (3.542, 95%CI: 0.885-14.171; 3.167, 95% CI: 0.821-12.211; P = 0.022). Females with the TT and CT genotypes had a reduced risk of HCC (OR = 0.638, 95% CI: 0.213-1.904; OR = 0.500, 95%CI: 0.175-1.432).
CONCLUSION: A relatively high frequency of the TT genotype is noted in a Chinese Han population in Tianjin. The MTHFR C677T polymorphism may play a role in influencing disease progression in patients with HBV infection.
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Lv L, Wu C, Sun H, Zhu S, Yang Y, Chen X, Fu H, Bao L. Combined 677CC/1298AC genotypes of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR ) reduce susceptibility to precursor B lymphoblastic leukemia in a Chinese population. Eur J Haematol 2010; 84:506-12. [PMID: 20374270 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2010.01430.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) encodes a major enzyme in folate metabolism. It has been suggested that two MTHFR polymorphisms, 677C>T and 1298A>C, influence risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Most studies on relation of MTHFR polymorphisms to ALL susceptibility have been in pediatric populations because ALL is relatively rare in adults. Here, we report a case-control study of 127 Chinese patients with adult precursor B lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) to examine correlation between the MTHFR polymorphisms and B-ALL susceptibility in adults. Our data show that although the prevalence of genotype 1298CC was significantly higher in the female patients than in the controls (P = 0.04), the differences in distributions of combined genotypes of 1298CC with either 677CC or 677CT between the cases and the controls were statistically insignificant. Haplotype analysis revealed no significant difference between the cases and the controls. The prevalence for joint MTHFR genotypes 677CC/1298AC was significantly lower in the female B-ALL cases than in the controls [odds ratio (OR) = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.00-0.53, P = 0.0033] and no differences among the men [OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.20-2.53, P = 0.55], suggesting that protective effects of combined MTHFR 677CC/1298AC genotypes on susceptibility of adult B-ALL are gender bias toward women with 677CC/1298AC women being at a 17-fold reduced odds to develop B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lv
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Cheng CH, Tsai TP, Chen WS, Huang YC. Serum folate is a reliable indicator of hyperhomocysteinemia and borderline hyperhomocysteinemia in young adults. Nutr Res 2010; 29:743-9. [PMID: 19917455 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Revised: 09/13/2009] [Accepted: 09/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Serum folate has been shown to correlate well with fasting plasma homocysteine; however, erythrocyte folate concentration is a better index of tissue folate stores and probably could be a more reliable indicator for reflecting long-term supply of the vitamin and homocysteine status. The present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that serum folate and erythrocyte folate levels had a different degree of correlation to fasting plasma homocysteine in young Taiwanese adults. This study had a cross-sectional design. Healthy young adults were divided into either a hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy; > or =14.9 micromol/L; n = 13), borderline HHcy (BHcy; fasting homocysteine, 14.9-10.2 micromol/L; n = 52), or normohomocysteinemia (fasting homocysteine, <10.2 micromol/L; n = 65) groups based on fasting homocysteine levels. The concentrations of plasma fasting homocysteine, serum folate, erythrocyte folate, vitamin B(12), and plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate were measured. Fasting homocysteine was only significantly and inversely affected by serum folate (beta = -0.21, P < .05) concentration after adjusting for potential confounders. Only serum folate concentration remained to decrease the risk of fasting HHcy (odds ratio, 0.73; confidence interval, 0.56-0.95) after the other B vitamins were additionally adjusted. Serum folate also had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve to predict the risk of HHcy (AUC, 0.81) and BHcy (AUC, 0.77). Serum folate is a reliable indicator of fasting hyperhyperhomocysteinemia and BHcy in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsiang Cheng
- Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 407 Taichung, Taiwan
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Ozarda Y, Sucu DK, Hizli B, Aslan D. Rate of T alleles and TT genotype at MTHFR 677C->T locus or C alleles and CC genotype at MTHFR 1298A->C locus among healthy subjects in Turkey: impact on homocysteine and folic acid status and reference intervals. Cell Biochem Funct 2010; 27:568-77. [PMID: 19764044 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is important for folate and homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism. MTHFR 677C->T and 1298A->C MTHFR are two most common mutations which can affect folate and total homocysteine (tHcy) status. This study was designed to determine the rate of MTHFR 677C->T and 1298A->C mutations, and their influence on serum folate, Hcy and vitamin B12 status and the reference intervals in 402 healthy Turkish adults. The rate of MTHFR 677C->T or 1298A->C mutations was 50.7% or 54.7%, respectively. The MTHFR 677C->T mutation-specific reference intervals for serum folate and tHcy were characterized by marked shifts in their upper limits. In homozygote subjects for MTHFR 677C->T serum folate concentration was lower and serum tHcy concentration was higher than those in the wild genotype; all subjects had lower serum folate and 54% of the subjects had higher tHcy concentrations than the cutoff values of <or=10 nmol/L and >or=12 micromol/L, respectively. Serum vitamin B12 status was similar in all genotypes. Serum tHcy concentrations were inversely correlated with serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations in all genotypes. These data show that the rate of MTHFR 677C->T and 1298A->C mutations is very high in Turks and serum folate and tHcy status are impaired by these mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesim Ozarda
- Department of Biochemistry, Uludag University Medical School, Bursa, Turkey.
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Genetic susceptibility to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia shows protection in Malay boys: results from the Malaysia-Singapore ALL Study Group. Leuk Res 2009; 34:276-83. [PMID: 19651439 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2009] [Revised: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To study genetic epidemiology of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the Chinese and Malays, we investigated 10 polymorphisms encoding carcinogen- or folate-metabolism and transport. Sex-adjusted analysis showed NQO1 609CT significantly protects against ALL, whilst MTHFR 677CT confers marginal protection. Interestingly, we observed that NQO1 609CT and MTHFR 1298 C-allele have greater genetic impact in boys than in girls. The combination of SLC19A1 80GA heterozygosity and 3'-TYMS -6bp/-6bp homozygous deletion is associated with reduced ALL risk in Malay boys. Our study has suggested the importance of gender and race in modulating ALL susceptibility via the folate metabolic pathway.
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Kerr MA, Livingstone B, Bates CJ, Bradbury I, Scott JM, Ward M, Pentieva K, Mansoor MA, McNulty H. Folate, related B vitamins, and homocysteine in childhood and adolescence: potential implications for disease risk in later life. Pediatrics 2009; 123:627-35. [PMID: 19171631 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2008-1049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Folate and the metabolically related B vitamins are an important priority throughout life, but few studies have examined their status through childhood and adolescence. The aims of the current study were to investigate age, gender, and lifestyle factors as determinants of folate, related B-vitamin status, and homocysteine concentrations among British children and adolescents and to propose age-specific reference ranges for these biomarkers, which, at present, are unavailable. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Data from the National Dietary and Nutritional Survey of 2127 young people aged 4 to 18 years were accessed to provide a representative sample of British children. All of the subjects who provided a blood sample for homocysteine concentrations were included in the current study (n = 840). Of these, laboratory biomarkers of folate (serum and red cell folate: n = 832 and 774, respectively), vitamin B(12) (n = 828), vitamin B(6) (n = 770), and riboflavin (n = 839) were also examined. RESULTS The biomarker status of all 4 of the relevant B vitamins decreased significantly with age. Correspondingly, homocysteine concentrations progressively increased, with median values of 5.6, 6.3, and 7.9 mumol/L for children aged 4 to 10 years, 11 to 14 years, and 15 to 18 years, respectively, and were higher in boys compared with girls (15-18 years only). Independent of age and gender, fortified breakfast cereal intake (consumed by 89% of the sample) was associated with significantly higher B-vitamin status and lower homocysteine concentrations. CONCLUSIONS It is not generally appreciated that the well-established progressive increase in homocysteine from 4 to 18 years reflects decreases in the biomarker status of all 4 metabolically related B vitamins. We suggest age-specific laboratory reference ranges for homocysteine and related B-vitamin concentrations for potential use within a pediatric setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeve A Kerr
- Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland
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Russo GT, Di Benedetto A, Alessi E, Giandalia A, Gaudio A, Ientile R, Horvath KV, Asztalos B, Raimondo G, Cucinotta D. Menopause modulates homocysteine levels in diabetic and non-diabetic women. J Endocrinol Invest 2008; 31:546-51. [PMID: 18591889 DOI: 10.1007/bf03346406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
High total homocysteine (tHcy) plasma levels may contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk of Type 2 diabetic women. However, to date, data on factors modulating tHcy concentration in this population are scarce. Fasting tHcy, vitamin B12, folate plasma levels, and the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotype as well as clinical, biochemical, and lifestyle variables were compared in 91 Type 2 diabetic and 91 matched non-diabetic women (40 pre- and 51 post-menopausal, in each group). Fasting tHcy concentration did not differ between diabetic and control women, even after multivariable adjustment. In both groups, tHcy levels increased after menopause, but the differences were weakened after multivariable adjustment. The MTHFR genotype distribution was in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, with a similar TT frequency in diabetic (22.2 %) and control women (19.8%). Overall, tHcy plasma concentration was higher in TT homozygous compared to other genotypes. We found a menopause-genotype interaction on tHcy levels (p=0.068 for menopause*genotype interaction); overall, the increase of tHcy concentration in TT subjects was limited to pre-menopause (p<0.0001; adjusted p=0.024), and this was confirmed after considering diabetic and control women separately (p=0.001 and p=0.01, respectively). At multivariate analysis, menopause was an independent correlate of tHcy concentration, together with creatinine, folate and MTHFR genotype. Our data show that menopause has a strong influence on tHcy concentration even in Type 2 diabetic women and demonstrate, for the first time, that it may modulate the association between tHcy and the common MTHFR polymorphism both in diabetic and non-diabetic women.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Russo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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Spiroski I, Kedev S, Antov S, Arsov T, Krstevska M, Dzhekova-Stojkova S, Kostovska S, Trajkov D, Petlichkovski A, Strezova A, Efinska-Mladenovska O, Spiroski M. Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR-677 and MTHFR-1298) genetic polymorphisms with occlusive artery disease and deep venous thrombosis in Macedonians. Croat Med J 2008; 49:39-49. [PMID: 18293456 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2008.1.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To analyze the association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms (MTHFR-677 and MTHFR-1298) with occlusive artery disease and deep venous thrombosis in Macedonians. METHODS We examined 83 healthy respondents, 76 patients with occlusive artery disease, and 67 patients with deep venous thrombosis. Blood samples were collected and DNA was isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes. Identification of MTHFR mutations was done with CVD StripAssay (ViennaLab, Labordiagnostika GmbH, Vienna, Austria) and the population genetics analysis package, PyPop, was used for the analysis. Pearson P values, crude odds ratio, and Wald's 95% confidence intervals were calculated. RESULTS The frequency of C alleles of MTHFR-677 was 0.575 in patients with deep venous thrombosis, 0.612 in patients with occlusive artery disease, and 0.645 in healthy participants. The frequency of T allele of MTHFR-677 was lower in healthy participants (0.355) than in patients with occlusive artery disease (0.388) and deep venous thrombosis (0.425). The frequency of A allele for MTHFR-1298 was 0.729 in healthy participants, 0.770 in patients with occlusive artery disease, and 0.746 in patients with deep venous thrombosis. The frequency of C allele of MTHFR-1298 was 0.271 in healthy participants, 0.230 in patients with occlusive artery disease, and 0.425 in patients with deep venous thrombosis. No association of MTHFR-677 and MTHFR-1289 polymorphisms with occlusive artery disease and deep venous thrombosis was found, except for the protective effect of MTHFR/CA:CC diplotype for occlusive artery disease. CONCLUSION We could not confirm a significant association of MTHFR-677 and MTHFR-1289 polymorphisms with occlusive artery disease or deep venous thrombosis in Macedonians, except for the protective effect of MTHFR/CA:CC diplotype against occlusive artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Spiroski
- Institute of Hearth Diseases, University School of Medicine St. Kiril and Metodij, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
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Ingenbleek Y, Young VR. The essentiality of sulfur is closely related to nitrogen metabolism: a clue to hyperhomocysteinaemia. Nutr Res Rev 2007; 17:135-51. [DOI: 10.1079/nrr200489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractN and S metabolisms are closely interwoven throughout both the plant and animal kingdoms. The essentiality of S relates to its participation in the structure of S-containing amino acids (SAA), to its inclusion in many sulfonated molecules, and to a myriad of metabolic and catalytic reactions of vital importance. Methionine (Met) is the indispensable SAA supplied by food proteins and its plasma homeostasis is achieved via a number of highly efficient regulatory mechanisms. In all conditions characterised by a negative body protein balance such as in dietary restriction or cytokine-induced hypercatabolic losses, N and S endogenous pools manifest parallel tissue depletion rates. Adaptive conservation of N and S body stores is reached by a functional restraint of the trans-sulfuration cascade, through the depression of cystathionine β-synthase activity. As a result, upstream accumulation of homocysteine favours its re-methylation conversion to Met which helps maintain metabolic pathways of survival value. In addition to the measurement of vitamin indices, that of plasma transthyretin, a sensitive marker of protein nutritional status, is proposed to identify the fluctuations of the total body N component accountable for the alterations of homocysteine concentrations in body fluids.
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Dhonukshe-Rutten RAM, de Vries JHM, de Bree A, van der Put N, van Staveren WA, de Groot LCPGM. Dietary intake and status of folate and vitamin B12 and their association with homocysteine and cardiovascular disease in European populations. Eur J Clin Nutr 2007; 63:18-30. [PMID: 17851461 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Folate and vitamin B12 have been suggested to play a role in chronic diseases like cardiovascular diseases. The objectives are to give an overview of the actual intake and status of folate and vitamin B12 in general populations in Europe, and to evaluate these in view of the current vitamin recommendations and the homocysteine concentration. METHODS Searches in Medline with 'folic acid', 'folate' and 'vitamin B12', 'B12' or 'cobalamin' as key words were combined with the names of the European countries. Populations between 18 and 65 years were included. RESULTS Sixty-three articles reporting on studies from 15 European countries were selected. Low folate intakes were observed in Norway, Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands. Low intakes of vitamin B12 were not common and only seen in one small Greek study. In the countries with a low intake of folate, the recommended levels were generally not achieved, which was also reflected in the folate status. Vitamin B12 intake was not strongly associated with the vitamin B12 status, which can explain why in the Netherlands and Germany the vitamin B12 status was inadequate, despite sufficient intake levels. In countries with a low folate intake in particular, the Hcy concentration was higher than ideal. CONCLUSIONS Populations from the Nordic countries, the Netherlands, Germany and Greece may need to improve their intakes of folic acid, B12 or both to either meet the recommendations or to optimize their statuses. This could be achieved via a food-based approach, food fortification or supplements.
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Garofolo L, Barros N, Miranda F, D'Almeida V, Cardien LC, Ferreira SR. Association of Increased Levels of Homocysteine and Peripheral Arterial Disease in a Japanese-Brazilian Population. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2007; 34:23-8. [PMID: 17482486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2007.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2006] [Accepted: 02/13/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to evaluate the possible association between homocysteine levels and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in a population-based study of Japanese-Brazilians. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was derived from a population-based survey on the prevalence of diabetes and associated diseases conducted in Japanese-Brazilians. A total of 1330 male and female subjects aged>or=30 years were submitted to clinical examination and laboratory procedures including homocysteine measurement. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) was calculated; subjects with ABI values <0.9 were diagnosed with PAD. The evaluable population included 1008 subjects. Logistic regression was used taking PAD as the dependent variable. RESULTS Mean age of the population was 56.5 years and overall prevalence of PAD was 20%. A worse cardiovascular profile was found in male patients, including significantly higher homocysteine levels (11.9+/-1.8 vs. 9.1+/-1.1micromol/L, p<0.001). Men with PAD had higher prevalence rates of hyperhomocysteinemia compared to women (22.7% vs 7.6%). Univariate analysis showed an odds ratio of hyperhomocysteinemia for PAD of 1.51 [1.02-2.25] in men and 1.69 [1.06-2.68] in women. After adjustment for other cardiovascular risk factors, higher levels of homocysteine were only significantly related to PAD in men. CONCLUSION In a Japanese-Brazilian population, elevated levels of homocysteine are associated with PAD in men. Prospective studies are necessary to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Garofolo
- Post-Graduation Course on Cardiac, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Surgery Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Götze T, Röcken C, Röhl FW, Wex T, Hoffmann J, Westphal S, Malfertheiner P, Ebert MPA, Dierkes J. Gene polymorphisms of folate metabolizing enzymes and the risk of gastric cancer. Cancer Lett 2007; 251:228-36. [PMID: 17208363 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2006.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2006] [Revised: 11/21/2006] [Accepted: 11/22/2006] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiple studies have reported an association between disturbances of folate metabolism and increased risk of gastric cancer, including low intake of folate, low levels of folate in blood or genetic factors affecting folate metabolism. Among the genetic factors, in particular a common polymorphism in the gene encoding for 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T) has been linked to gastric cancer. Other polymorphisms in folate-metabolising genes have been less frequently investigated. Therefore, we analyzed this polymorphism, the glutamate carboxypeptidase (GCP) II C1561T and the reduced folate carrier (RFC) G80A in a case-control study involving 106 patients with histologically confirmed and characterized gastric cancer with adjustment for other established risk factors for gastric cancer in comparison to 106 age- and sex-matched controls. Neither the MTHFR nor the GCP gene polymorphisms showed an association to cancer diagnosis, to tumor stage, grade of differentiation or Lauren type. However, non-cardia cancers were more likely to exhibit the 80GA and 80AA RFC genotypes, compared to cancers of the gastric cardia (adjusted OR 0.28; 95% CI=0.11-0.71). Thus, gene polymorphisms of the RFC gene might contribute to an increased risk of developing distal gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Götze
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, D-81675 Munich, Germany
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Rodríguez JJV, Santolaria F, Martínez-Riera A, González-Reimers E, de la Vega Prieto MJ, Valls MRA, Gaspar MR. Clinical significance of homocysteine in elderly hospitalized patients. Metabolism 2006; 55:620-7. [PMID: 16631438 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2005.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2005] [Accepted: 12/19/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Serum homocysteine levels, which increase with age, are now recognized as a vascular risk factor and are related to the development of heart failure and dementia in the elderly. However, relatively low serum homocysteine levels have also been reported to be an adverse prognostic factor in dialysis patients. The objective of the study was to analyze the prevalence, clinical significance, and prognostic value of serum homocysteine levels in patients older than 65 years, admitted to a general internal medicine hospitalization unit. We studied 337 hospitalized patients, 184 males and 153 females, aged 77.2+/-0.4 years, whose admission was not determined by an acute vascular event. We recorded past vascular events and vascular risk factors. We determined the body mass index (weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters), and cholesterol, triglyceride, folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine levels. We also studied 36 control subjects (18 males and 18 females) of similar age. After discharge, we assessed the survival status of 301 patients by telephone recall. Survival curves were plotted by the method of Kaplan and Meier. Median survival was 1186 days. The 15th (9.6 micromol/L) and 50th (14.4 micromol/L) percentiles, as the lowest and highest cut-off points, were empirically defined as those related to a shorter survival. Serum homocysteine concentration was significantly positively correlated with age and serum creatinine and albumin concentrations, and negatively correlated with serum cobalamin and folate concentrations. The average serum homocysteine concentration for the patients group, as a whole, was 16.5+/-0.5 micromol/L, not significantly different from the control group, but with a much greater dispersion, as patients with congestive heart failure or cognitive impairment had higher serum homocysteine concentrations, and patients with sepsis, leukocytosis, and hypoalbuminemia had lower concentrations. Malnutrition was associated both with abnormally high and low homocysteine concentrations, and abnormally low and abnormally high homocysteine concentrations were both associated with higher mortality. In conclusion, low homocysteine levels in elderly non-vitamin-supplemented hospitalized patients should not be interpreted as a protective factor in some individuals. Instead, it may be considered as an effect of an inflammatory-malnutrition process associated with a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Juan Viña Rodríguez
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife 38320, Spain
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Simić-Ogrizović S, Radivojević D, Radovic M, Lezaic V, Mirković D, Babić D, Dukanović L. Factors associated with hyperhomocysteinemia after renal transplantation. Ren Fail 2006; 28:57-62. [PMID: 16526320 DOI: 10.1080/08860220500461260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies show that clinically stable renal transplant recipients have an increased prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (hyperHcy), but the mechanism of this disorder has not yet been elucidated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the factors associated with hyperHcy after a successful renal transplantation. In 106 stable renal transplant recipients, total serum Hcy level (tHcy), folate, total protein, serum creatinine concentration, creatinine clearance, lipid status, body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), and body fat (BF) were determined. The mean doses of cyclosporine, prednisolone, and azathioprine (mg/kg/day) were recorded. The mean serum tHcy level was significantly higher in renal transplant patients than in healthy controls (22.02 +/- 8.02 versus 13.0 +/- 3.3 micromol/ L; p < 0.001), and the incidence of patients with hyperHcy was 82%. Comparison of the group of 20 patients with tHcy level <15 micromol/L and the group of 86 patients with tHcy level >15 micromol/L revealed that the latter was significantly older, heavier, had been longer on dialysis before renal transplantation, and had older donors and poorer renal graft function. Significant correlation was found between tHcy level and recipient age, dialysis duration, BW, creatinine clearance, serum creatinine, and folate concentration. However, multivariate analysis indicated that creatinine clearance (p = 0.025) and BW (p = 0.03) were the only determinants of elevated total Hcy level in renal transplant recipients. HyperHcy persists after successful kidney transplantation in the majority of renal transplant recipients, and its appearance is primarily associated with creatinine clearance and body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Simić-Ogrizović
- Clinic of Nephrology, Institute of Urology and Nephrology, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro.
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Meyer M, Czachurski D, Tran TH, Hien T, Opelz G, Mytilineos J. A new PCR-SSP typing method for six single-nucleotide polymorphisms impairing the blood-clotting cascade as well as T-cell stimulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 66:650-5. [PMID: 16305681 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2005.00493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the genes of factor V (FV) (G1691A; exon 10), prothrombin (FII) (G20210A; 3'untranslated - region) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) (C677T; exon 4) are associated with hypercoagulability, and systematic screening of individuals being at higher risk of thrombosis has been suggested. SNPs in the 2q33 region within the genes of CD28 (+17T/C; intron 3) and CTLA4 (-318C/T; promoter and +49A/G; exon 1) are likely to affect T-cell proliferation and antigen presentation signaling, which may lead to altered sensitivity of allograft or self-tissue recognition and affect the incidence of autoimmune diseases. We developed primers that allow specific amplification of these six SNPs at test conditions identical with those used for HLA typing with the CTS PCR-SSP reagents. One hundred ninety-six healthy German Caucasian individuals were tested for the six SNPs. The genotype frequencies for all SNPs were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There was no significant difference in the distribution of genotypes when compared to other published studies in which these SNPs were tested. The described PCR-SSP method can be used to screen large numbers of patients for these SNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Meyer
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Papoutsakis C, Yiannakouris N, Manios Y, Papaconstantinou E, Magkos F, Schulpis KH, Zampelas A, Matalas AL. The effect of MTHFR(C677T) genotype on plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy children is influenced by gender. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 60:155-62. [PMID: 16234842 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the influence of gender, together with folate status, on the relation between the common methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations in healthy children. DESIGN Cross-sectional study by face-to-face interview. SETTING AND SUBJECTS A total of 186 sixth-grade students participated from twelve randomly selected primary schools in Volos, Greece. METHODS Fasting tHcy, folate, and vitamin B(12) were measured in plasma. The MTHFR genotypes were determined. Anthropometric and dietary intake data by 24-h recall were collected. RESULTS Geometric means for plasma tHcy, plasma folate and energy-adjusted dietary folate did not differ between females and males. The homozygous mutant TT genotype was associated with higher tHcy only in children with lower plasma folate concentrations (<19.9 nmol/l, P = 0.012). As a significant gender interaction was observed (P = 0.050), we stratified the lower plasma folate group by gender and found that the association between the genotype and tHcy was restricted to males (P = 0.026). Similar results were obtained when folate status was based on estimated dietary folate. Specifically, only TT males that reported lower dietary folate consumption (<37 microg/MJ/day) had tHcy that was significantly higher than tHcy levels of C-allele carriers (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Under conditions of lower folate status (as estimated by either plasma concentration or reported dietary consumption), gender modifies the association of the MTHFR(C677T) polymorphism with tHcy concentrations in healthy children. SPONSORSHIP Kellog Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Papoutsakis
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
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Sofi F, Vecchio S, Giuliani G, Martinelli F, Marcucci R, Gori AM, Fedi S, Casini A, Surrenti C, Abbate R, Gensini GF. Dietary habits, lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors in a clinically healthy Italian population: the 'Florence' diet is not Mediterranean. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 59:584-91. [PMID: 15741987 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate dietary habits and lifestyle of Italian subjects, to provide current data on adequacy of the nutritional guidelines and recommendations especially in relation to primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and to assess the influence of dietary habits on lipid profile and homocysteine levels. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Population-based study. SUBJECTS A sample of 520 clinically healthy subjects (211 males, 309 females) with a mean age of 46 y, living in Florence area, Italy. INTERVENTIONS Dietary pattern was assessed by trained dietitians through a semiquantitative food questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were drawn for assessment of lipid profile, homocysteine and circulating vitamins. RESULTS Contribution from total fats was over 30% in about 70% of subjects and intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) was above the recommended values in at least 40% of the study population. Furthermore, almost the whole (99.6%) population reported low intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). High levels of total cholesterol were present in over 40% of the study population, whereas abnormal values of LDL-cholesterol were observed in about 30%. High levels of homocysteine were found in 11.7% of the study population. An extremely high percentage of subjects reported low intake of vitamins, especially with regard to folic acid (89%), vitamin B(6) (70.1%) and vitamin E (99.6%). In a multiple linear regression model, circulating levels of vitamin B(12) and folic acid, and intake of alcohol and vitamin C resulted in being independently associated with homocysteine plasma levels. CONCLUSIONS In a typical Mediterranean country, general outlines of Mediterranean diet are not completely followed, especially concerning total fats, SFA, PUFA and vitamins' intake. SPONSORSHIP Ministero della Salute (Italy) - 'Progetto per la Salute e la Prevenzione di Malattia' 2001-2003.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sofi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Critical Care, Thrombosis Centre, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 85, Florence, Italy.
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Diakoumopoulou E, Tentolouris N, Kirlaki E, Perrea D, Kitsou E, Psallas M, Doulgerakis D, Katsilambros N. Plasma homocysteine levels in patients with type 2 diabetes in a Mediterranean population: relation with nutritional and other factors. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2005; 15:109-117. [PMID: 15871859 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2004.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2003] [Accepted: 01/16/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Hyperhomocysteinemia is a major and independent risk factor for atherothrombotic vascular disease. It may be promoted by genetic factors, nutritional deficiencies of the vitamin cofactors required for homocysteine metabolism, and other modifiable factors. This cross-sectional study investigated the effect of dietary habits and lifestyle on plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes in a Mediterranean population. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 126 diabetic and 76 healthy subjects were interviewed using a food-frequency questionnaire. Information consisted of dietary and smoking habits, coffee and alcohol consumption and physical activity recording, during the month prior to enrollment. Measurements included blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), plasma tHcy, folate, vitamin B12, lipids, HbA(1c), creatinine, uric acid, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Plasma tHcy levels were not different between diabetic and control subjects (11.49+/-3.68 vs 12.67+/-3.79 micromol/l respectively, P = 0.40). Diabetic subjects had significantly higher plasma folate levels and consumed more fish, fruit and vegetables, in comparison with controls. Controls consumed more red meat, coffee, and alcohol. Multivariate analysis in diabetic subjects, after controlling for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, duration of diabetes, GFR, plasma uric acid levels, and the amount of the weekly consumption of fruit and vegetables, demonstrated that age, GFR and the weekly amount of fruit and vegetable consumption were independently associated with plasma tHcy concentrations [regression coefficient (B) = 0.11, SE (B) = 0.03, P = 0.001, B = -0.07, SE (B) = 0.01, P < 0.0001, and B = -0.05, SE (B) = 0.02, P = 0.04, respectively]. The weekly amount of coffee, alcohol and red meat consumption, and physical activity level were not related with plasma tHcy levels in either study group. CONCLUSIONS 1) Plasma tHcy levels were not different in the diabetic group as compared to the control group. 2) In patients with type 2 diabetes age, GFR and the consumption of fruit and vegetables were strong and independent determinants of plasma tHcy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Diakoumopoulou
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko Hospital, 5 Doryleou street, 115 21 Athens, Greece
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Wettergren Y, Odin E, Nilsson S, Willen R, Carlsson G, Gustavsson B. Low expression of reduced folate carrier-1 and folylpolyglutamate synthase correlates with lack of a deleted in colorectal carcinoma mRNA splice variant in normal-appearing mucosa of colorectal carcinoma patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 29:348-55. [PMID: 16122883 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdp.2005.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular folate deficiency leads to DNA strand breaks, mutations, and aberrant methylation and might be a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). The putative tumor suppressor gene deleted in colorectal carcinoma (DCC) is one of several genes the expression of which seems to be affected by the folate concentration at the tissue level. Decreased expression of DCC may be caused by LOH or hypermethylation, i.e. by events that might be linked to folate deficiency. The purpose of this study was to analyze if the folate level and the gene expression levels of reduced folate carrier (RFC-1) and folylpolyglutamate synthase (FPGS) had impact on the expression of DCC splice variants. METHODS Quantification of RFC-1 and FPGS expression in mucosa of 53 CRC patients was performed using real-time PCR whereas DCC splicing variants were detected by automated capillary gel electrophoresis. Total reduced folate concentration was measured with the FdUMP-binding assay (n = 22). RESULTS Significantly higher expression levels of RFC-1 (p = 0.026) and FPGS (p = 0.05) were found in mucosa expressing the splice variant DCC342 compared to mucosa that did not. Furthermore, multivariate analysis showed that RFC-1 and FPGS (r = 0.49, p = 0.01) as well as folate and RFC-1 (r = 0.56, p = 0.023) were correlated only in mucosa expressing DCC342. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the present study points to a potential influence of folates in regulating DCC expression at multiple levels involving post-transcriptional pathways. The results may provide a basis for a detailed investigation of molecular mechanisms involved in folate regulation of DCC expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Wettergren
- Department of General Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Goteborg University, S-416 85 Goteborg, Sweden.
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Anderson CAM, Jorgensen AL, Deeb S, McLerran D, Beresford SAA, Motulsky AG. Equal proportion of adult male and female homozygous for the 677C ? T mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 134A:97-9. [PMID: 15704130 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Drogan D, Klipstein-Grobusch K, Wans S, Luley C, Boeing H, Dierkes J. Plasma folate as marker of folate status in epidemiological studies: the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam study. Br J Nutr 2004; 92:489-96. [PMID: 15469653 DOI: 10.1079/bjn20041211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Folate deficiency is often discussed as a potential risk factor for CVD and some cancers. Reliable assessment of folate status in large-scale epidemiological studies is therefore of major importance. The present study assessed the value of plasma folate (PF) compared with erythrocyte folate (EF) as a marker of folate status in 363 participants in the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort. EF and PF, total homocysteine (tHcy), pyridoxine, cobalamin, creatinine, total protein and packed cell volume were determined; glutamate carboxypeptidase (GCP) C1561T, reduced folate carrier (RFC) G80A and methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHFR) C677T polymorphisms were analysed. Anthropometric measurements were taken and dietary intake was assessed with the EPIC-Potsdam food-frequency questionnaire. Comparison of EF and PF with factors that may modulate their concentrations was performed. Cross-classification of blood folates in quintile categories resulted in correct classification into the same or adjacent category of 75.5 % of all subjects. Age, BMI, pyridoxine and cobalamin, fruit and vegetable intake, and vitamin supplementation 24 h before blood draw were positively associated with EF and with PF. For tHcy an inverse association was found. Participants with the MTHFR 677TT genotype showed significantly elevated EF concentrations compared with those with 677CT genotype; EF and PF were more strongly correlated (r 0.78, P<0.0001) for participants with MTHFR 677TT genotype than for those with the 677CC or 677CT genotype. In summary, our present results indicate that plasma folate seems to be a suitable marker for assessment of folate status for use in large-scale epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Drogan
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany
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