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Powers CN, Mayo JA, Moriarity DM, Vogler B, Setzer WN, McFeeters RL. Identification of Anticryptococcal Bornyl Compounds from Verbesina turbacensis and Their Structure-Activity Relationships. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:1341-1347. [PMID: 35468649 DOI: 10.1055/a-1792-3214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that has limited treatment options. Natural product plant extracts offer a cost-effective option for the discovery of new anticryptococcal lead compounds. The acetone bark extract of Verbesina turbacensis was found to potently inhibit C. neoformans and was subjected to bioautography. Two compounds that inhibited the growth of C. neoformans were isolated and displayed minimum inhibitory concentration values of 10 and 310 µg/mL. The compounds were identified as the bornyl hydroxycinnamic esters bornyl caffeate and bornyl ferulate, respectively. To better understand initial structure-activity relationships, anticryptococcal activity was characterized for similar compounds. All compounds were further evaluated for mammalian cell toxicity using the MTT assay with MCF-7 and HEK-293 cell lines. Overall, bornyl caffeate demonstrated promising anticryptococcal potential given its potent inhibition of C. neoformans and low mammalian cell toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea N Powers
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - John A Mayo
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Debra M Moriarity
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Bernhard Vogler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Robert L McFeeters
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA
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2
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Li HX, Kang S, Yang SY, Kim YH, Li W. Chemical constituents from Dendropanax morbiferus H. Lév. Stems and leaves and their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2019.103936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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3
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Vithana MD, Singh Z, Johnson SK. Regulation of the levels of health promoting compounds: lupeol, mangiferin and phenolic acids in the pulp and peel of mango fruit: a review. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:3740-3751. [PMID: 30723909 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is a demand for feasible methodologies that can increase/maintain the levels of health-promoting phytochemicals in horticultural produce, due to strong evidence that these compounds can reduce risk of chronic diseases. Mango (Mangifera indica L.), ranks fifth among the most cultivated fruit crops in the world, is naturally rich in phytochemicals such as lupeol, mangiferin and phenolic acids (e.g. gallic acid, chlorogenic acid and vanillic acid). Yet, there is still much scope for up-regulating the levels of these compounds in mango fruit through manipulation of different preharvest and postharvest practices that affect their biosynthesis and degradation. The process of ripening, harvest maturity, physical and chemical elicitor treatments such as low temperature stress, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA) and nitric oxide (NO) and the availability of enzyme cofactors (Mg2+ , Mn2+ and Fe2+ ) required in terpenoid biosynthesis were identified as potential determinants of the concentration of health-promoting compounds in mango fruit. The effectiveness of these preharvest and postharvest approaches in regulating the levels of lupeol, mangiferin and phenolic acids in the pulp and peel of mango fruit will be discussed. In general spray application of 0.2% iron(II) sulphate (FeSO4 ) 30 days before harvest, harvest at sprung stage, storage of mature green fruit at 5 °C for 12 days prior to ripening, fumigation of mature green fruit with 10-5 mol L-1 and/or 10-4 mol L-1 MeJA for 24 h or 20 and/or 40 µL L-1 NO for 2 h upregulate the levels of lupeol, mangiferin and phenolic acids in pulp and peel of ripe mango fruit. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekhala Dk Vithana
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Zora Singh
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Stuart K Johnson
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Abstract
Acetylenic metabolites belong to a class of molecules containing triple bond(s). They are found in plants, fungi, microorganisms, and marine invertebrates. This review presents 139 active acetylenic molecules of plant, fungal, and soil bacterial origin that reveal cytotoxic and/or anticancer activities. Although many compounds of this group possess encouraging characteristics, they have never been evaluated as potential anticancer agents. They are of great interest, especially for the medicine and/or pharmaceutical industries. Here we describe structures and biological activities of acetylenic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery M Dembitsky
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 12065, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Dmitri O Levitsky
- CNRS UMR 6204, Biotechnologie, Biocatalyse et Biorégulation, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, P.O. Box 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
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Ogunlaja OO, Moodley R, Singh M, Baijnath H, Jonnalagadda SB. Cytotoxic activity of the bioactive principles from Ficus burtt-davyi. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2018; 53:261-275. [PMID: 29278988 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1410385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ficus burtt-davyi (Moraceae) is a medicinal plant species indigenous to Southern Africa. In this study, a phytochemical and cytotoxic investigation on F. burtt-davyi was conducted to evaluate its ethno-medicinal use. The phytochemical study of the fruits yielded triterpenoids (lupeol and α-amyrin). The cytotoxic evaluation was done on the methanolic extracts and selected compounds, lupeol, α-amyrin, lupeol acetate and (+)-catechin isolated from F. burtt-davyi stem bark and fruits. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay was carried out against two human cancer cell lines, breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2), and normal human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293). The methanol extract from the stem bark was significantly cytotoxic to MCF-7 and Caco-2 cell lines (p < 0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 6.6 and 8.1 µg mL-1, respectively relative to the control. Lupeol and (+)-catechin showed cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 22.6 and 29.8 µg mL-1, respectively and greater cytotoxic activity against Caco-2 cell lines with IC50 values of 10.7 and 9.0 µg mL-1, respectively. Data from this study suggests that F. burtt-davyi exhibits cytotoxicity with no significant inhibitory effects against HEK293. The results also indicate that (+)-catechin and lupeol, the most abundant bioactive principles in the stem bark, are responsible for the synergistic cytotoxic effects against tested human cancer cell lines. This study provides evidence on the pharmaceutical potential of the medicinal plant, F. burtt-davyi, as a chemotherapeutic agent against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olumuyiwa O Ogunlaja
- a School of Chemistry and Physics , University of KwaZulu-Natal , KwaZulu-Natal, Durban , South Africa
| | - Roshila Moodley
- a School of Chemistry and Physics , University of KwaZulu-Natal , KwaZulu-Natal, Durban , South Africa
| | - Moganavelli Singh
- b School of Life Sciences , University of KwaZulu-Natal , KwaZulu-Natal, Durban , South Africa
| | - Himansu Baijnath
- b School of Life Sciences , University of KwaZulu-Natal , KwaZulu-Natal, Durban , South Africa
| | - Sreekanth B Jonnalagadda
- a School of Chemistry and Physics , University of KwaZulu-Natal , KwaZulu-Natal, Durban , South Africa
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Antibacterial effect on mature biofilms of oral streptococci and antioxidant activity of 3β,6β,16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene from Combretum leprosum. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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7
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Alam P, Basudan O, Siddiqui N, Al-Rehaily A, Alqasoumi S, Abdel-Kader M, Donia A, Alam P. Development of a densitometric high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for the quantitative analysis of biomarker lupeol in the leaves of different species of genus Ficus. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2015. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.28.2015.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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8
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Bhandari P, Patel NK, Bhutani KK. Synthesis of new heterocyclic lupeol derivatives as nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:3596-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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9
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Zhou Z, He X, Feng L, Liu R, Ren G. Chemical constituents from the roots of Dendropanax chevalieri. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2012.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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10
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Walker TM, Vogler B, Moriarity DM, Haber WA, Setzer WN. A Phytochemical Investigation of Zanthoxylum setulosum. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100601204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The crude bark extract of Zanthoxylum setulosum from Monteverde, Costa Rica was notably cytotoxic (100% kill at 100 μg/mL) to MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468 cells in vitro. Phytochemical studies of the bark extract revealed the triterpenoid lupeol, the lignan sesamin, the sesquiterpene sesquichamaenol, and the xanthone lichexanthone. This is the first report of the isolation of sesquichamaenol and lichexanthone from the bark extract of Z. setulosum. All structures were determined using NMR spectroscopic techniques (1H NMR and 13C NMR) and GCMS and by comparison with literature data. Lupeol proved to be the cytotoxic component of Z. setulosum bark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tameka M. Walker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
| | - Bernhard Vogler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
| | - Debra M. Moriarity
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
| | - William A. Haber
- Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri 63166, USA Apdo. 50-5655, Monteverde, Puntarenas, Costa Rica, Central America
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
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11
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Setzer WN. Drugs from the Cloudforest: The Search for New Medicines from Monteverde, Costa Rica. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100601035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The University of Alabama in Huntsville Natural Products Research Group has been investigating the phytopharmaceutical potential of tropical rainforest higher plants from the Monteverde region of northwestern Costa Rica for the past twenty years. The group has focused primarily on anticancer agents, antimicrobial agents, and antiparasitic agents. This review presents an overview of some of our efforts in natural products drug discovery from Monteverde, Costa Rica.
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Affiliation(s)
- William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
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12
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Masibo M, He Q. Mango Bioactive Compounds and Related Nutraceutical Properties—A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/87559120903153524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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13
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Ahmad SF, Pandey A, Kour K, Bani S. Downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines by lupeol measured using cytometric bead array immunoassay. Phytother Res 2009; 24:9-13. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Richmond JD, Agius BR, Wright BS, Haber WA, Moriarity DM, Setzer WN. Essential Oil Compositions and Cytotoxic Activities of Dendropanax capillaris, Oreopanax Nubigenus, and Schefflera Rodrigueziana from Monteverde, Costa Rica. Nat Prod Commun 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0900400221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaf essential oils of Dendropanax capillaris, Oreopanax nubigenus and Schefflera rodrigueziana (Araliaceae) were isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. The leaf oil of Dendropanax capillaris was composed of only four compounds, β-pinene (25.3%), δ-3-carene (44.7%), daucene (17.1%), and dauca-5,8-diene (12.9%). Oreopanax nubigenus leaf oil was dominated by the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons germacrene D (70.1%) and β-caryophyllene (11.8%), while Schefflera rodrigueziana leaf oil was made up entirely of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, mostly germacrene D (27.6%), β-cubebene (27.2%), β-caryophyllene (12.2%), α-cubebene (11.1%), and α-copaene (10.8%). Both O. nubigenus and S. rodrigueziana leaf oils showed notable in-vitro cytotoxicity on MDA-MB-231 cells, which may be attributable to the relatively high concentrations of germacrene D and β-caryophyllene in those oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin D. Richmond
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
| | - Brittany R. Agius
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
| | - Brenda S. Wright
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
| | - William A. Haber
- Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO 63166, USA; Apdo. 50-5655, Monteverde, Puntarenas, Costa Rica, Central America
| | - Debra M. Moriarity
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA
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15
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Rabi T, Gupta S. Dietary terpenoids and prostate cancer chemoprevention. FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE : A JOURNAL AND VIRTUAL LIBRARY 2008; 13:3457-69. [PMID: 18508447 PMCID: PMC4019960 DOI: 10.2741/2940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer chemoprevention by phytochemicals may be one of the most feasible approaches for cancer control. Phytochemicals obtained from vegetables, fruits, spices, teas, herbs and medicinal plants, such as terpenoids and other phenolic compounds, have been proven to suppress experimental carcinogenesis in various organs in pre-clinical models. Recent studies have indicated that mechanisms underlying chemopreventive potential may be a combination of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune-enhancing, and hormone modulation effects, with modification of drug metabolizing enzymes, influence on cell cycle and cell differentiation, induction of apoptosis, suppression of proliferation and angiogenesis playing roles in the initiation and secondary modification stages of neoplastic development. Specific features of prostate cancer, such as high prevalence and long latency period provides ample opportunities for chemopreventive agents to work at various stages of disease progression. Finally, suitable populations with appropriate risk factors, including the presence of pre-malignant lesions and genetic predispositions, need to be well characterized for future chemopreventive interventions. Here we review naturally occurring dietary terpenoids as useful agents for prostate cancer chemoprevention with reference to their classes and sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangaiyan Rabi
- Department of Urology & Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology & Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
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Nigam N, Prasad S, Shukla Y. Preventive effects of lupeol on DMBA induced DNA alkylation damage in mouse skin. Food Chem Toxicol 2007; 45:2331-5. [PMID: 17637493 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2007] [Revised: 05/11/2007] [Accepted: 06/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mutations that occur through DNA strand breaks are the precursors of the variety of genetic disorders including cancer. Life style and dietary habits are considered as major determinants in causation and prevention of genetic diseases. Epidemiological and laboratory studies suggest that plant derived compounds have the potential to prevent a number of genetic diseases. Therefore, use of nutraceuticals can be an important and convenient tool for chemoprevention. Polyphenolic phytochemicals such as epigallocatechin gallate flavonoids quercetin, genistein, curcumin and resveratrol constitute a class of nutraceuticals with notable efficacy in preclinical models of carcinogenesis. Lupeol, a pentacyclic triterpene present in mango, is a biologically active compound that has been reported to possess a number of pharmacological properties in the in vivo and in vitro studies. In the present study, we investigated the effects of lupeol on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), induced DNA strand breaks in mouse skin, using an alkaline unwinding assay. Increasing doses of lupeol (50-200 microg/mouse) were given topically, prior or after the single topical application of DMBA (100 microg/mouse) with the sampling time of 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. Both pre and post treatment of lupeol showed significant (p<0.001) preventive effects in DMBA induced DNA strand breaks in dose and time dependent manner. The pre-treatment of lupeol at the dose of 200 microg/mouse showed 56.05% prevention, and post-treatment at the same dose showed 43.26% prevention, at 96 h time interval, against DMBA induced DNA strand breakage. The results suggest preventive effects of lupeol on DMBA induced DNA alkylation damage in Swiss albino mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Nigam
- Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, P.O. Box 80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
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Wada SI, Tanaka R. Isolation, DNA topoisomerase-II inhibition, and cytotoxicity of three new terpenoids from the bark of Macaranga tanarius. Chem Biodivers 2007; 3:473-9. [PMID: 17193283 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200690050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
One new pimarane-type diterpenoid (1) and two new taraxerane-based triterpenoids (2 and 3) were isolated from the bark of Macaranga tanarius, along with seven known compounds. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods including NMR and MS analyses. Compounds 1-5 were tested for their in vitro inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II, as well as for their cytotoxicities against human lung carcinoma A549 cells (Table 3). The triterpenoids 2-5 showed strong activities in both assays, but the diterpenoid 1 was only moderately active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-ichi Wada
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
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Abstract
This review is a comprehensive survey of acetylenic lipids and their derivatives, obtained from living organisms, that have anticancer activity. Acetylenic metabolites belong to a class of molecules containing triple bond(s). They are found in plants, fungi, microorganisms, and marine invertebrates. Although acetylenes are common as components of terrestrial plants, fungi, and bacteria, it is only within the last 30 years that biologically active polyacetylenes having unusual structural features have been reported from plants, cyanobacteria, algae, invertebrates, and other sources. Naturally occurring aquatic acetylenes are of particular interest since many of them display important biological activities and possess antitumor, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antifouling, antifungal, pesticidal, phototoxic, HIV-inhibitory, and immunosuppressive properties. There is no doubt that they are of great interest, especially for the medicinal and/or pharmaceutical industries. This review presents structures and describes cytotoxic and anticancer activities only for more than 300 acetylenic lipids and their derivatives isolated from living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery M Dembitsky
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 12065, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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19
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Gauthier C, Legault J, Lebrun M, Dufour P, Pichette A. Glycosidation of lupane-type triterpenoids as potent in vitro cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:6713-25. [PMID: 16787747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.05.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2006] [Revised: 05/26/2006] [Accepted: 05/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The weak hydrosolubility of betulinic acid (3) hampers the clinical development of this natural anticancer agent. In order to circumvent this problem and to enhance the pharmacological properties of betulinic acid (3) and the lupane-type triterpenes lupeol (1), betulin (2), and methyl betulinate (7), glycosides (beta-D-glucosides, alpha-L-rhamnosides, and alpha-D-arabinosides) were synthesized and in vitro tested for cytotoxicity against three cancerous (A-549, DLD-1, and B16-F1) and one healthy (WS1) cell lines. The addition of a sugar moiety at the C-3 or C-28 position of betulin (2) resulted in a loss of cytotoxicity. In contrast, the 3-O-beta-D-glucosidation of lupeol (1) improved the activity by 7- to 12-fold (IC50 14-15.0 microM). Moreover, the results showed that cancer cell lines are 8- to 12-fold more sensitive to the 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside derivative of betulinic acid (IC50 2.6-3.9 microM, 22) than the healthy cells (IC50 31 microM). Thus, this study indicates that 3-O-glycosides of lupane-type triterpenoids represent an interesting class of potent in vitro cytotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Gauthier
- Laboratoire LASEVE, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, UQAC, Chicoutimi, Québec, Canada G7H 2B1
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Abstract
This review will detail progress made in the previous decade on the chemistry and bioactivity of birch bark extractive products. Current and future applications of birch bark natural products in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and dietary supplements for the prevention and treatment of cancer, HIV,and other human pathogens are reviewed. Current developments in the technology of birch bark processing are discussed. New approaches for the synthesis of potentially valuable birch bark triterpenoid derivatives are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A Krasutsky
- University of Minnesota-Duluth, Natural Resources Research Institute, 5013 Miller Trunk Highway, Duluth, Minnesota 55811-1442, USA.
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Saleem M, Kweon MH, Yun JM, Adhami VM, Khan N, Syed DN, Mukhtar H. A novel dietary triterpene Lupeol induces fas-mediated apoptotic death of androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells and inhibits tumor growth in a xenograft model. Cancer Res 2006; 65:11203-13. [PMID: 16322271 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In prostate cancer, a fine balance between cell proliferation and apoptotic death is lost, resulting in increased cellular mass and tumor progression. One approach to redress this imbalance and control this malignancy is its preventive intervention through the use of dietary natural agents. Here, we investigated the growth-inhibitory effect and associated mechanisms of Lupeol, a triterpene present in fruits and vegetables, in androgen-sensitive human prostate cancer cells. Lupeol treatment resulted in significant inhibition of cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and caused apoptotic death of prostate cancer cells. Lupeol was found to induce the cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase protein and degradation of acinus protein with a significant increase in the expression of FADD protein. Among all death receptor targets examined, Lupeol specifically caused a significant increase in the expression of Fas receptor. The small interfering RNA-mediated silencing of the Fas gene and inhibition of caspase-6, caspase-8, and caspase-9 by their specific inhibitors confirmed that Lupeol specifically activates the Fas receptor-mediated apoptotic pathway in androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells. The treatment of cells with a combination of anti-Fas monoclonal antibody and Lupeol resulted in higher cell death compared with the additive effect of the two compounds alone, suggesting a synergistic effect. Lupeol treatment resulted in a significant inhibition in growth of tumors with concomitant reduction in prostate-specific antigen secretion in athymic nude mice implanted with CWR22Rnu1 cells. Because early clinical prostate cancer growth is an androgen-dependent response, the results of the present study suggest that Lupeol may have a potential to be an effective agent against prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saleem
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Saleem M, Afaq F, Adhami VM, Mukhtar H. Lupeol modulates NF-kappaB and PI3K/Akt pathways and inhibits skin cancer in CD-1 mice. Oncogene 2004; 23:5203-14. [PMID: 15122342 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1207641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chemoprevention has become an effective cancer control modality; however, the search for novel agent(s) for the armamentarium of cancer chemoprevention continues. We argue that agents capable for inhibition of promotion stage of tumorigenesis with the ability to intervene at several critical pathways in the tumorigenesis process will have greater advantage over other single-target agents. Lupeol, a triterpene, is the principal constituent of common fruit plants such as olive, mango, fig and medicinal herbs that have been used to treat skin aliments. Lupeol has been reported to possess a wide range of medicinal properties that include strong antioxidant, antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic effects. In the present study, we show that Lupeol possesses antitumor-promoting effects in a mouse skin tumorigenesis model. We first determined the effect of topical application of Lupeol to CD-1 mouse against 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced conventional markers and other novel markers of skin tumor promotion. We found that topical application of Lupeol (1-2 mg/mouse) 30 min prior to TPA (3.2 nmol/mouse) application onto the skin of CD-1 mice afforded significant inhibition, in a time- and dose-dependent manner, against TPA-mediated increase in (i) skin edema and hyperplasia, (ii) epidermal ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity, and (iii) protein expression of ODC, cyclo-oxygenase-2 and nitric oxide synthase. As of the role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling in tumor promotion, we next determined the effect of topical application of Lupeol to mouse skin against these signaling pathways. We found that Lupeol treatment to mouse skin resulted in the inhibition of TPA-induced (i) activation of PI3K, (ii) phosphorylation of Akt at Thr(308), (iii) activation of NF-kappaB and IKKalpha, and (iv) degradation and phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha. The animals pretreated with Lupeol showed significantly reduced tumor incidence, lower tumor body burden and a significant delay in the latency period for tumor appearance. At the termination of the experiment at 28 weeks, 100% of the animals in TPA-treated group exhibited seven to eight tumors/mouse, whereas only 53% of the mice receiving Lupeol prior to TPA treatment exhibited one to three tumors/mouse. These results for the first time provide evidence that Lupeol possesses antiskin tumor-promoting effects in CD-1 mouse and inhibits conventional as well as novel biomarkers of tumor promotion. We suggest that Lupeol is an attractive antitumor-promoting agent that must be evaluated in tumor models other than skin carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saleem
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Determination of the absolute stereochemistry of lupane triterpenoids by fucofuranoside method and ORD spectrum. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.02.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Tomosaka H, Koshino H, Tajika T, Omata S. Lupeol esters from the twig bark of Japanese pear (Pyrus serotina Rehd.) cv. Shinko. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2001; 65:1198-201. [PMID: 11440139 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.65.1198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Five new lupeol esters, lup-20(29)-ene-3beta-yl eicosanoate, docosanoate, tetracosanoate, hexacosanoate and octacosanoate, were isolated as a mixture from the twig bark of Japanese pear (Pyrus serotina Rehd.) cv. Shinko, together with lupeol and epifriedelinol. Their structures were determined by spectral analyses including 2D-NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tomosaka
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Gunma National College of Technology, Maebashi, Japan.
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25
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Setzer WN, Shen X, Bates RB, Burns JR, McClure KJ, Zhang P, Moriarity DM, Lawton RO. A phytochemical investigation of Alchornea latifolia. Fitoterapia 2000; 71:195-8. [PMID: 10727820 DOI: 10.1016/s0367-326x(99)00133-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation of the chloroform leaf extract of Alchornea latifolia has been undertaken. Along with the triterpenoids taraxerone, friedelin, epifriedelinol, and taraxerol, the plant also contains seco-3,4-friedelin (dihydroputranjivic acid) (1) and seco-3,4-taraxerone (2). These A-ring-opened triterpenoids show in vitro cytotoxic activity against Hep-G2 and A-431 human cancer cell lines and are potent inhibitors of topoisomerase II.
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Affiliation(s)
- W N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA.
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26
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Duarte DS, Dolabela MF, Salas CE, Raslan DS, Oliveiras AB, Nenninger A, Wiedemann B, Wagner H, Lombardi J, Lopes MT. Chemical characterization and biological activity of Macfadyena unguis-cati (Bignoniaceae). J Pharm Pharmacol 2000; 52:347-52. [PMID: 10757425 DOI: 10.1211/0022357001773904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) has been widely used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antimalarial and antivenereal. The purpose of this study was to chemically characterize the main plant components, and to evaluate the biological properties of some of the fractions derived from leaves (MACb) and liana (MACa) of this plant. Chemical characterization allowed the identification of the compounds corymboside, vicenin-2, quercitrin, chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid, lupeol, beta-sitosterol, beta-sitosterylglucoside, allantoin and lapachol. The biological screening of fractions and/or purified substances derived from fractions revealed antitumoral and antitrypanosomal activities in fractions MACa/lapachol and MACb/MACb21, respectively. The anti-lipoxygenase and anti-cyclooxygenase effect seen in fractions MACa and MACb showed a partial correlation with the anti-inflammatory property attributed to this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Duarte
- Departamento de Física/Química, CECET, UNIVALE, Brasil
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