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Deng J, Pan T, Wang D, Hong Y, Liu Z, Zhou X, An Z, Li L, Alfano G, Li G, Dolcetti L, Evans R, Vicencio JM, Vlckova P, Chen Y, Monypenny J, Gomes CADC, Weitsman G, Ng K, McCarthy C, Yang X, Hu Z, Porter JC, Tape CJ, Yin M, Wei F, Rodriguez-Justo M, Zhang J, Tejpar S, Beatson R, Ng T. The MondoA-dependent TXNIP/GDF15 axis predicts oxaliplatin response in colorectal adenocarcinomas. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:2080-2108. [PMID: 39103698 PMCID: PMC11393413 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00105-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy, the standard of care treatment for cancer patients with advanced disease, has been increasingly recognized to activate host immune responses to produce durable outcomes. Here, in colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC) we identify oxaliplatin-induced Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein (TXNIP), a MondoA-dependent tumor suppressor gene, as a negative regulator of Growth/Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15). GDF15 is a negative prognostic factor in CRC and promotes the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which inhibit CD8 T-cell activation. Intriguingly, multiple models including patient-derived tumor organoids demonstrate that the loss of TXNIP and GDF15 responsiveness to oxaliplatin is associated with advanced disease or chemotherapeutic resistance, with transcriptomic or proteomic GDF15/TXNIP ratios showing potential as a prognostic biomarker. These findings illustrate a potentially common pathway where chemotherapy-induced epithelial oxidative stress drives local immune remodeling for patient benefit, with disruption of this pathway seen in refractory or advanced cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhai Deng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Medical Pathology Centre (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Centre (CEDTC), Translational Medicine Research Centre (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China
| | - Teng Pan
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), 518172, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Yourae Hong
- Digestive Oncology Unit and Centre for Human Genetics, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xingang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengwen An
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lifeng Li
- Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Giovanna Alfano
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Luigi Dolcetti
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rachel Evans
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Translational Medicine, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jose M Vicencio
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Petra Vlckova
- Cell Communication Lab, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Yue Chen
- Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - James Monypenny
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Gregory Weitsman
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kenrick Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Caitlin McCarthy
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Centre of Excellence for Mass Spectrometry, Proteomics Facility, The James Black Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Zedong Hu
- Digestive Oncology Unit and Centre for Human Genetics, Universitair Ziekenhuis (UZ) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joanna C Porter
- Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London (UCL), Rayne Building, London, UK
| | - Christopher J Tape
- Cell Communication Lab, UCL Cancer Institute, 72 Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Medical Pathology Centre (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Centre (CEDTC), Translational Medicine Research Centre (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengxiang Wei
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), 518172, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Jin Zhang
- 3rd Department of Breast Cancer Prevention, Treatment and Research Centre, Tianjin, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Tianjin, PR China
- Tianjin's Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Tianjin, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China
- National Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Sabine Tejpar
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), 518172, Shenzhen, China
| | - Richard Beatson
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London (UCL), Rayne Building, London, UK.
- Centre for the Tumour Microenvironment, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Tony Ng
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
- Cancer Research UK City of London Centre, London, UK.
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2
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Akdogan O, Ogut B, Sutcuoglu O, Sert A, Gurler F, Akyurek N, Ozdemir N, Ozet A, Yazici O. The impact of the expression level of growth differentiation factor 15 in tumor tissue on the response to immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:954. [PMID: 39103762 PMCID: PMC11301833 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12727-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is overexpressed in various cancers and facilitates immune evasion by inhibiting T-cell activation. GDFATHER-TRIAL's phase 2a results demonstrated promising outcomes when combining the GDF-15 neutralizing antibody visugromab (CTL002) with nivolumab, enhancing the response to immunotherapy. This study evaluated the prognostic significance of GDF-15 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor tissues in terms of immunotherapy response. METHODS This retrospective study included 50 patients with metastatic NSCLC treated with nivolumab at Gazi University Hospital between January 2021 and July 2023. GDF-15 expression was evaluated using immunochemistry staining and categorized based on the intensity of cytoplasmic or membranous staining. Samples were divided into a low expression group (scores 0 and 1) and a high expression group (scores 2 and 3). The primary outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), which were analyzed using Kaplan‒Meier and Cox proportional hazards models. Objective response rates were assessed in secondary outcomes. RESULTS Of the 50 patients, 43 were men (86%), with a median age of 63.9 years. Half of the patients exhibited low GDF-15 expression. High GDF-15 expression correlated with shorter PFS and OS. The median PFS was 7.8 months for the low-expression group versus 4.4 months for the high-expression group (HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.20-0.83; p = 0.013). The median OS was 18.1 months for the low-expression group compared to 11.8 months for the high-expression group (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.16-0.78; p = 0.007). The objective response rate was significantly greater in the low GDF-15 group (52%) than in the high GDF-15 group (24%) (p = 0.040). CONCLUSION Elevated GDF-15 expression in NSCLC tumor tissues is associated with poorer response to nivolumab, suggesting that GDF-15 is a potential prognostic biomarker for immunotherapy efficacy. These findings warrant further validation through prospective studies to optimize treatment strategies for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhun Akdogan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Betul Ogut
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Osman Sutcuoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysenur Sert
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatih Gurler
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nalan Akyurek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Ozdemir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ozet
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozan Yazici
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Li J, Hu X, Xie Z, Li J, Huang C, Huang Y. Overview of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) in metabolic diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116809. [PMID: 38810400 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
GDF15 is a stress response cytokine and a distant member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) superfamily, its levels increase in response to cell stress and certain diseases in the serum. To exert its effects, GDF15 binds to glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor alpha-like (GFRAL), which was firstly identified in 2017 and highly expressed in the brain stem. Many studies have demonstrated that elevated serum GDF15 is associated with anorexia and weight loss. Herein, we focus on the biology of GDF15, specifically how this circulating protein regulates appetite and metabolism in influencing energy homeostasis through its actions on hindbrain neurons to shed light on its impact on diseases such as obesity and anorexia/cachexia syndromes. It works as an endocrine factor and transmits metabolic signals leading to weight reduction effects by directly reducing appetite and indirectly affecting food intake through complex mechanisms, which could be a promising target for the treatment of energy-intake disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Kidney Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Xiangjun Hu
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zichuan Xie
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajin Li
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Health Management Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Health Management Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Chrysafi P, Valenzuela-Vallejo L, Stefanakis K, Kelesidis T, Connelly MA, Mantzoros CS. Total and H-specific GDF-15 levels increase in caloric deprivation independently of leptin in humans. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5190. [PMID: 38890300 PMCID: PMC11189399 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49366-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial-secreted growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) promotes weight loss in animals. Its effects in humans remain unclear, due to limited research and potential measurement interference from the H202D-variant. Our post-hoc analysis investigates total (irrespective of genetic variants) and H-specific GDF-15 (detected only in H202D-variant absence) in humans under acute and chronic energy deprivation, examining GDF-15 interaction with leptin (energy homeostasis regulator) and GDF-15 biologic activity modulation by the H202D-variant. Total and H-specific GDF-15 increased with acute starvation, and total GDF-15 increased with chronic energy deprivation, compared with healthy subjects and regardless of leptin repletion. Baseline GDF-15 positively correlated with triglyceride-rich particles and lipoproteins. During acute metabolic stress, GDF-15 associations with metabolites/lipids appeared to differ in subjects with the H202D-variant. Our findings suggest GDF-15 increases with energy deprivation in humans, questioning its proposed weight loss and suggesting its function as a mitokine, reflecting or mediating metabolic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlina Chrysafi
- Department of Medicine, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Laura Valenzuela-Vallejo
- Department of Medicine, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Konstantinos Stefanakis
- Department of Medicine, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Theodoros Kelesidis
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 02215, USA
| | | | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Department of Medicine, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 90095, USA.
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5
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Boutari C, Stefanakis K, Simati S, Guatibonza-García V, Valenzuela-Vallejo L, Anastasiou IA, Connelly MA, Kokkinos A, Mantzoros CS. Circulating total and H-specific GDF15 levels are elevated in subjects with MASLD but not in hyperlipidemic but otherwise metabolically healthy subjects with obesity. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:174. [PMID: 38762719 PMCID: PMC11102634 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02264-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a mitokine, the role of which, total or H-specific, in modulating energy metabolism and homeostasis in obesity-related diseases, such as metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), has not been fully elucidated in adult humans. We aimed to investigate the fasting and stimulated levels of GDF15, total and H-specific, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and C-peptide, in two physiology interventional studies: one focusing on obesity, and the other on MASLD. METHODS Study 1 investigated individuals with normal weight or with obesity, undergoing a 3-h mixed meal test (MMT); and study 2, examined adults with MASLD and controls undergoing a 120-min oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Exploratory correlations of total and H-specific GDF15 with clinical, hormonal and metabolomic/lipidomic parameters were also performed. RESULTS In study 1, 15 individuals were included per weight group. Fasting and postprandial total and H-specific GDF15 were similar between groups, whereas GIP was markedly higher in leaner individuals and was upregulated following a MMT. Baseline and postprandial C-peptide were markedly elevated in people with obesity compared with lean subjects. GIP was higher in leaner individuals and was upregulated after a MMT, while C-peptide and its overall AUC after a MMT was markedly elevated in people with obesity compared with lean subjects. In study 2, 27 individuals were evaluated. Fasting total GDF15 was similar, but postprandial total GDF15 levels were significantly higher in MASLD patients compared to controls. GIP and C-peptide remained unaffected. The postprandial course of GDF15 was clustered among those of triglycerides and molecules of the alanine cycle, was robustly elevated under MASLD, and constituted the most notable differentiating molecule between healthy and MASLD status. We also present robust positive correlations of the incremental area under the curve of total and H-specific GDF15 with a plethora of lipid subspecies, which remained significant after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSION Serum GDF15 levels do not differ in relation to weight status in hyperlipidemic but otherwise metabolically healthy individuals. In contrast, GDF15 levels are significantly increased in MASLD patients at baseline and they remain significantly higher compared to healthy participants during OGTT, pointing to a role for GDF15 as a mitokine with important roles in the pathophysiology and possibly therapeutics of MASLD. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03986684, NCT04430946.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula Boutari
- Department of Medicine, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, SL418, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Konstantinos Stefanakis
- Department of Medicine, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, SL418, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Stamatia Simati
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Valentina Guatibonza-García
- Department of Medicine, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, SL418, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Laura Valenzuela-Vallejo
- Department of Medicine, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, SL418, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ioanna A Anastasiou
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Alexander Kokkinos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Department of Medicine, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, SL418, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02218, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Boston VA Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA.
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6
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Chiariello A, Conte G, Rossetti L, Trofarello L, Salvioli S, Conte M. Different roles of circulating and intramuscular GDF15 as markers of skeletal muscle health. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1404047. [PMID: 38808117 PMCID: PMC11130406 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1404047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) is a mitokine expressed in response to various stresses whose circulating levels increase with age and are associated with numerous pathological conditions, including muscle wasting and sarcopenia. However, the use of circulating GDF15 (c-GDF15) as a biomarker of sarcopenia is still debated. Moreover, the role of GDF15 intracellular precursor, pro-GDF15, in human skeletal muscle (SM-GDF15) is not totally understood. In order to clarify these points, the association of both forms of GDF15 with parameters of muscle strength, body composition, metabolism and inflammation was investigated. Methods the levels of c-GDF15 and SM-GDF15 were evaluated in plasma and muscle biopsies, respectively, of healthy subjects (HS) and patients with lower limb mobility impairment (LLMI), either young (<40 years-old) or old (>70 years-old). Other parameters included in the analysis were Isometric Quadriceps Strength (IQS), BMI, lean and fat mass percentage, Vastus lateralis thickness, as well as circulating levels of Adiponectin, Leptin, Resistin, IGF-1, Insulin, IL6, IL15 and c-PLIN2. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) and Receiving Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis were performed. Results c-GDF15 but not SM-GDF15 levels resulted associated with decreased IQS and IGF-1 levels in both HS and LLMI, while only in LLMI associated with increased levels of Resistin. Moreover, in LLMI both c-GDF15 and SM-GDF15 levels were associated with IL-6 levels, but interestingly SM-GDF15 is lower in LLMI with respect to HS. Furthermore, a discrimination of the four groups of subjects based on these parameters was possible with PCA and CDA. In particular HS, LLMI over 70 years or under 40 years of age were discriminated based on SM-GDF15, c-GDF15 and Insulin levels, respectively. Conclusion our data support the idea that c-GDF15 level could be used as a biomarker of decreased muscle mass and strength. Moreover, it is suggested that c-GDF15 has a different diagnostic significance with respect to SM-GDF15, which is likely linked to a healthy and active state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Chiariello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Conte
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Rossetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre “Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Trofarello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Conte
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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7
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Zhan C, Zhu Y, Fok MR, Jin L, Han B, Lin Y. Proteome-Wide Mendelian Randomisation Identifies Causal Links of Plasma Proteins With Periodontitis. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00123-0. [PMID: 38729796 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontitis is a complex and multifactorial disease and it is challenging to decipher its underlying causes and mechanisms. This study attempted to explore potential circulating proteins in connection to periodontitis through proteome-wide Mendelian randomisation (MR). METHODS We analysed 1722 circulating proteins to identify prospective drug targets for tackling periodontitis, using the genomic dataset from the FinnGen study. Two-sample MR was conducted to evaluate the bidirectional relationship between circulating proteins and periodontitis risk. A dataset from the UK Biobank was used to validate the findings. Single-cell analysis was performed to assess the cellular expression of the identified proteins within gingival tissues. RESULTS MR analyses found that genetically predicted circulating levels of von Willebrand factor A domain-containing 1 (von Willebrand factor A domain containing 1 [VWA1], odds ratios: 0.94, 95% CI 0.92-0.97, P = 1.28 × 10-5) were inversely associated with periodontitis. In contrast, the level of growth differentiation factor 15 (growth differentiation factor 15 [GDF15], odds ratios: 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.07, P = 2.12 × 10-5) might be associated with an increased risk of periodontitis. Single-cell analysis indicated that VWA1 was primarily expressed in endothelial cells of healthy gingival tissues, while the main source of GDF15 was not derived from periodontal cells. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that certain plasma proteins like VWA1 and GDF15 may be potentially indicative of the risk and susceptibility to periodontitis. These proteins could possibly be the potential therapeutic targets for treating periodontitis, and further investigation is highly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoning Zhan
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuexin Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Melissa Rachel Fok
- Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lijian Jin
- Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
| | - Yifan Lin
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Huang Q, Trumpff C, Monzel AS, Rausser S, Haahr R, Devine J, Liu CC, Kelly C, Thompson E, Kurade M, Michelson J, Shaulson ED, Li S, Engelstad K, Tanji K, Lauriola V, Wang T, Wang S, Zuraikat FM, St-Onge MP, Kaufman BA, Sloan R, Juster RP, Marsland AL, Gouspillou G, Hirano M, Picard M. Psychobiological regulation of plasma and saliva GDF15 dynamics in health and mitochondrial diseases. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.19.590241. [PMID: 38659958 PMCID: PMC11042343 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.19.590241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
GDF15 (growth differentiation factor 15) is a marker of cellular energetic stress linked to physical-mental illness, aging, and mortality. However, questions remain about its dynamic properties and measurability in human biofluids other than blood. Here, we examine the natural dynamics and psychobiological regulation of plasma and saliva GDF15 in four human studies representing 4,749 samples from 188 individuals. We show that GDF15 protein is detectable in saliva (8% of plasma concentration), likely produced by salivary glands secretory duct cells. Using a brief laboratory socio-evaluative stressor paradigm, we find that psychosocial stress increases plasma (+3.5-5.9%) and saliva GDF15 (+43%) with distinct kinetics, within minutes. Moreover, saliva GDF15 exhibits a robust awakening response, declining by ~40-89% within 30-45 minutes from its peak level at the time of waking up. Clinically, individuals with genetic mitochondrial OxPhos diseases show elevated baseline plasma and saliva GDF15, and post-stress GDF15 levels in both biofluids correlate with multi-system disease severity, exercise intolerance, and the subjective experience of fatigue. Taken together, our data establish that saliva GDF15 is dynamic, sensitive to psychological states, a clinically relevant endocrine marker of mitochondrial diseases. These findings also point to a shared psychobiological pathway integrating metabolic and mental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhan Huang
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caroline Trumpff
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna S Monzel
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shannon Rausser
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Haahr
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jack Devine
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cynthia C Liu
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Catherine Kelly
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Thompson
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mangesh Kurade
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeremy Michelson
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evan D Shaulson
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shufang Li
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Neuromuscular Medicine Division, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kris Engelstad
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Neuromuscular Medicine Division, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kurenai Tanji
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Neuromuscular Medicine Division, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of pathology and cell biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vincenzo Lauriola
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Faris M Zuraikat
- Division of General Medicine and Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Marie-Pierre St-Onge
- Division of General Medicine and Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Brett A Kaufman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Richard Sloan
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert-Paul Juster
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anna L Marsland
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Gilles Gouspillou
- Département des Sciences de l'Activité Physique, Faculté des Sciences, UQAM, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Michio Hirano
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Neuromuscular Medicine Division, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martin Picard
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, H. Houston Merritt Center, Neuromuscular Medicine Division, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Robert N Butler Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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9
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Crespi BJ. Nausea, vomiting and conflict in pregnancy: The adaptive significance of Growth-Differentiation Factor 15. Evol Med Public Health 2024; 12:75-81. [PMID: 38711789 PMCID: PMC11071683 DOI: 10.1093/emph/eoae008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) is heritable, common and aversive, and its extreme, hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), can be highly deleterious to the mother and fetus. Recent influential studies have demonstrated that HG is caused predominantly by high levels of Growth-Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15), a hormone produced by the placenta in substantial amounts. This work has led to calls for therapeutic modulation of this hormone to reduce GDF15 levels and ameliorate HG risk. I describe three main lines of evidence relevant to the hypothesis that GDF15 production is typically adaptive for the fetus, in the context of enhanced placental invasion, reduced rates of miscarriage and preterm birth and higher birth weight. These considerations highlight the medical implications of maternal-fetal conflict, in the context of tradeoffs between aversive symptoms during gestation, rare disorders of pregnancy with major adverse effects and moderate fitness-enhancing benefits to fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard J Crespi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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10
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Schofield JH, Longo J, Sheldon RD, Albano E, Ellis AE, Hawk MA, Murphy S, Duong L, Rahmy S, Lu X, Jones RG, Schafer ZT. Acod1 expression in cancer cells promotes immune evasion through the generation of inhibitory peptides. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113984. [PMID: 38520689 PMCID: PMC11090053 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is an important component of many immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapeutic approaches. However, ICB is not an efficacious strategy in a variety of cancer types, in part due to immunosuppressive metabolites in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we find that αPD-1-resistant cancer cells produce abundant itaconate (ITA) due to enhanced levels of aconitate decarboxylase (Acod1). Acod1 has an important role in the resistance to αPD-1, as decreasing Acod1 levels in αPD-1-resistant cancer cells can sensitize tumors to αPD-1 therapy. Mechanistically, cancer cells with high Acod1 inhibit the proliferation of naive CD8+ T cells through the secretion of inhibitory factors. Surprisingly, inhibition of CD8+ T cell proliferation is not dependent on the secretion of ITA but is instead a consequence of the release of small inhibitory peptides. Our study suggests that strategies to counter the activity of Acod1 in cancer cells may sensitize tumors to ICB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H Schofield
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Joseph Longo
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Ryan D Sheldon
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Emma Albano
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Abigail E Ellis
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Mark A Hawk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Sean Murphy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Loan Duong
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Sharif Rahmy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Russell G Jones
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Zachary T Schafer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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11
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Khorami-Sarvestani S, Vanaki N, Shojaeian S, Zarnani K, Stensballe A, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Zarnani AH. Placenta: an old organ with new functions. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385762. [PMID: 38707901 PMCID: PMC11066266 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The transition from oviparity to viviparity and the establishment of feto-maternal communications introduced the placenta as the major anatomical site to provide nutrients, gases, and hormones to the developing fetus. The placenta has endocrine functions, orchestrates maternal adaptations to pregnancy at different periods of pregnancy, and acts as a selective barrier to minimize exposure of developing fetus to xenobiotics, pathogens, and parasites. Despite the fact that this ancient organ is central for establishment of a normal pregnancy in eutherians, the placenta remains one of the least studied organs. The first step of pregnancy, embryo implantation, is finely regulated by the trophoectoderm, the precursor of all trophoblast cells. There is a bidirectional communication between placenta and endometrium leading to decidualization, a critical step for maintenance of pregnancy. There are three-direction interactions between the placenta, maternal immune cells, and the endometrium for adaptation of endometrial immune system to the allogeneic fetus. While 65% of all systemically expressed human proteins have been found in the placenta tissues, it expresses numerous placenta-specific proteins, whose expression are dramatically changed in gestational diseases and could serve as biomarkers for early detection of gestational diseases. Surprisingly, placentation and carcinogenesis exhibit numerous shared features in metabolism and cell behavior, proteins and molecular signatures, signaling pathways, and tissue microenvironment, which proposes the concept of "cancer as ectopic trophoblastic cells". By extensive researches in this novel field, a handful of cancer biomarkers has been discovered. This review paper, which has been inspired in part by our extensive experiences during the past couple of years, highlights new aspects of placental functions with emphasis on its immunomodulatory role in establishment of a successful pregnancy and on a potential link between placentation and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Khorami-Sarvestani
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Vanaki
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sorour Shojaeian
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Kayhan Zarnani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Allan Stensballe
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hassan Zarnani
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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von Rauchhaupt E, Klaus M, Ribeiro A, Honarpisheh M, Li C, Liu M, Köhler P, Adamowicz K, Schmaderer C, Lindenmeyer M, Steiger S, Anders HJ, Lech M. GDF-15 Suppresses Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Podocyte Injury by Reducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Glomerular Inflammation. Cells 2024; 13:637. [PMID: 38607075 PMCID: PMC11011265 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
GDF15, also known as MIC1, is a member of the TGF-beta superfamily. Previous studies reported elevated serum levels of GDF15 in patients with kidney disorder, and its association with kidney disease progression, while other studies identified GDF15 to have protective effects. To investigate the potential protective role of GDF15 on podocytes, we first performed in vitro studies using a Gdf15-deficient podocyte cell line. The lack of GDF15 intensified puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress and induced cell death in cultivated podocytes. This was evidenced by elevated expressions of Xbp1 and ER-associated chaperones, alongside AnnexinV/PI staining and LDH release. Additionally, we subjected mice to nephrotoxic PAN treatment. Our observations revealed a noteworthy increase in both GDF15 expression and secretion subsequent to PAN administration. Gdf15 knockout mice displayed a moderate loss of WT1+ cells (podocytes) in the glomeruli compared to wild-type controls. However, this finding could not be substantiated through digital evaluation. The parameters of kidney function, including serum BUN, creatinine, and albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), were increased in Gdf15 knockout mice as compared to wild-type mice upon PAN treatment. This was associated with an increase in the number of glomerular macrophages, neutrophils, inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines in Gdf15-deficient mice. In summary, our findings unveil a novel renoprotective effect of GDF15 during kidney injury and inflammation by promoting podocyte survival and regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress in podocytes, and, subsequently, the infiltration of inflammatory cells via paracrine effects on surrounding glomerular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina von Rauchhaupt
- Department of Medicine IV, Renal Division, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.v.R.); (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (P.K.); (S.S.); (H.-J.A.)
| | - Martin Klaus
- Department of Medicine IV, Renal Division, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.v.R.); (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (P.K.); (S.S.); (H.-J.A.)
| | - Andrea Ribeiro
- Department of Medicine IV, Renal Division, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.v.R.); (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (P.K.); (S.S.); (H.-J.A.)
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Nephrology, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Mohsen Honarpisheh
- Department of Medicine IV, Renal Division, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.v.R.); (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (P.K.); (S.S.); (H.-J.A.)
| | - Chenyu Li
- Department of Medicine IV, Renal Division, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.v.R.); (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (P.K.); (S.S.); (H.-J.A.)
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Medicine IV, Renal Division, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.v.R.); (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (P.K.); (S.S.); (H.-J.A.)
| | - Paulina Köhler
- Department of Medicine IV, Renal Division, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.v.R.); (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (P.K.); (S.S.); (H.-J.A.)
| | - Karina Adamowicz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology of Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Christoph Schmaderer
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Department of Nephrology, Technical University Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Maja Lindenmeyer
- III Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Stefanie Steiger
- Department of Medicine IV, Renal Division, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.v.R.); (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (P.K.); (S.S.); (H.-J.A.)
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Department of Medicine IV, Renal Division, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.v.R.); (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (P.K.); (S.S.); (H.-J.A.)
| | - Maciej Lech
- Department of Medicine IV, Renal Division, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany; (E.v.R.); (M.K.); (A.R.); (M.H.); (C.L.); (M.L.); (P.K.); (S.S.); (H.-J.A.)
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13
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Batakoushy HA, Hafez HM, Soliman MM, Mohamed TF, Ahmed AB, El Hamd MA. Isoquinoline-based intrinsic fluorescence assessment of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent, Roxadustat (FG-4592), in tablets: applications to content uniformity and human plasma evaluation. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4741. [PMID: 38605268 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, a first validated and green spectrofluorimetric approach for its assessment and evaluation in different matrices was investigated. After using an excitation wavelength of 345 nm, Roxadustat (ROX) demonstrates a highly native fluorescence at an emission of 410 nm. The influences of experimental factors such as pH, diluting solvents, and different organized media were tested, and the most appropriate solvent choice was ethanol. It was confirmed that there was a linear relationship between the concentration of ROX and the relative fluorescence intensity in the range 60.0-1000.0 ng ml-1, with the limit of detection and limit of quantitation, respectively, being 17.0 and 53.0 ng ml-1. The mean recoveries % [±standard deviation (SD), n = 5] for pharmaceutical preparations were 100.11% ± 2.24%, whereas for plasma samples, they were 100.08 ± 1.08% (±SD, n = 5). The results obtained after the application of four greenness criteria, Analytical Eco-Scale metric, NEMI, GAPI, and AGREE metric, confirmed its eco-friendliness. In addition, the whiteness meter (RGB12) confirmed its level of sustainability. The International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) criteria were used to verify the developed method through the study in both spiked plasma samples and content uniformity evaluation. An appropriate standard for various applications in industry and quality control laboratories was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany A Batakoushy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Hani M Hafez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Esraa University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Marwa M Soliman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tahany F Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal B Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El Hamd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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14
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Agić D, Čabarkapa V, Milošević I, Perčić I, Farra AE, Nikolić S, Sekulić B, Vlaisavljević N, Savić A, Urošević I, Popović SL. Is There a Role for Growth and Differentiation Factor-15 in B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Neoplasms? Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2024; 40:213-219. [PMID: 38708149 PMCID: PMC11065822 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-023-01695-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Growth and differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) correlates with worse outcome of many tumours and any cause mortality. Data about its role in lymphoproliferative neoplasms (LPN) are scarce. Our research aimed to reveal the correlation between GDF-15 and standard laboratory parameters of LPN activity, and to get insight into the possible value of this cytokine assessment in lymphoma patients. Prospective research included 40 patients treated for aggressive or indolent LPN, and 31 with indolent LPN on "watch and wait" regimen. Analyses were performed before and after treatment in treated patients and on two separate occasions in the "watch and wait" group. ELISA technique with R&D assays according to the manufacturer manual, from stored sera at - 70 °C was used for GDF-15 level measurement. Statistical analyses were performed by IBM SPSS Statistics 22 using descriptive and inferential statistics. As appropriate, differences between groups were assessed by two tailed t-test, Mann-Whitney or x2 test. Spearman Rank Order Correlation was done to correlate GDF-15 with standard laboratory markers of disease activity. All tests are two-tailed with significance level p < 0. 05. GDF-15 (p = 0.028) and fibrinogen (p = 0.001) concentrations increased after treatment in indolent lymphoma patients while β2 microglobulin decreased (p < 0.001). GDF-15 positively correlated with β2microglobulin before (p < 0.001) and after (p = 0.031) therapy. There were no differences in any of the aforementioned parameters in the "watch and wait" group during observation. A positive correlation between GDF-15 and β2 microglobulin in patients with indolent LPN who need treatment suggests potential value in risk assessment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12288-023-01695-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Agić
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljka 3, Novi Sad, 21000 Serbia
| | - Velibor Čabarkapa
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Pathophysiology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ivana Milošević
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljka 3, Novi Sad, 21000 Serbia
| | - Ivanka Perčić
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljka 3, Novi Sad, 21000 Serbia
| | - Amir El Farra
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljka 3, Novi Sad, 21000 Serbia
| | - Stanislava Nikolić
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Pathophysiology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Borivoj Sekulić
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljka 3, Novi Sad, 21000 Serbia
| | - Nada Vlaisavljević
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Savić
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljka 3, Novi Sad, 21000 Serbia
| | - Ivana Urošević
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljka 3, Novi Sad, 21000 Serbia
| | - Stevan L. Popović
- Clinic for Hematology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljka 3, Novi Sad, 21000 Serbia
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15
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Varzaru VB, Eftenoiu AE, Vlad DC, Vlad CS, Moatar AE, Popescu R, Cobec IM. The Influence of Tumor-Specific Markers in Breast Cancer on Other Blood Parameters. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:458. [PMID: 38672729 PMCID: PMC11051489 DOI: 10.3390/life14040458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women, responsible for the highest number of cancer-related deaths worldwide. There is limited data available related to serum tumor markers in breast cancer and other blood parameters or other glandular laboratory parameters. This study aims to evaluate the correlation of tumor-specific markers for breast cancer with other blood parameters and how these correlations could impact clinical management. MATERIAL AND METHOD This retrospective study represents a data analysis from 1 January 2020 to 31 May 2023, in the County Hospital of Timisoara, Romania. We reviewed all the cases where, in the laboratory analyses, the serum tumor specific biomarkers for breast cancer were analyzed. RESULTS A statistical analysis was performed in order to identify a possible relationship between CA 15-3 and the various biomarkers and blood parameters included in the present study. Values were classified according to reference ranges. The tests revealed no statistically significant associations between CA 15-3 values and the levels of CA125 (χ2(1) = 1.852, p = 0.174), CEA (χ2(1) = 1.139, p = 0.286), AFP (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.341), fT4 (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.310), TSH (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.177), or PTH (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.650). CONCLUSION The findings indicate a lack of strong correlation between CA 15-3 and CA125, CEA, AFP, thyroid function markers, or PTH within this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Bogdan Varzaru
- Doctoral School, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- ANAPATMOL Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anca-Elena Eftenoiu
- Department of Medical Genetics, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daliborca Cristina Vlad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Emergency County Clinical Hospital Pius Brinzeu Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristian Sebastian Vlad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Aurica Elisabeta Moatar
- ANAPATMOL Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Clinic of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, Klinikum Freudenstadt, 72250 Freudenstadt, Germany
| | - Roxana Popescu
- ANAPATMOL Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Emergency County Clinical Hospital Pius Brinzeu Timisoara, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ionut Marcel Cobec
- ANAPATMOL Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum Freudenstadt, 72250 Freudenstadt, Germany
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16
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Kučerka O, Blahutová M, Kosek V, Mináriková P, Horáček JM, Urbánek P, Malý M. Exploring the Role of GDF-15 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case-Controlled Study Comparing Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis with Non-Inflammatory Controls. Metabolites 2024; 14:185. [PMID: 38668313 PMCID: PMC11051727 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14040185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease, encompassing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a persistent immune-mediated inflammatory gastrointestinal disease. This study investigates the role of growth differentiation factor 15 in severe IBD cases, aiming to identify a reliable parameter to assess disease severity and monitor activity. We analyzed plasma samples from 100 patients undergoing biologic therapy for severe IBD and 50 control subjects. Our analysis included evaluations of GDF-15 levels, inflammatory markers, and clinical features. We employed statistical methods such as the Mann-Whitney U test, ANOVA, and Spearman's correlation for an in-depth analysis. Our results demonstrated consistently higher GDF-15 levels in patients with both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis compared to the control group, irrespective of the biologic treatment received. The correlation analysis indicated significant relationships between GDF-15 levels, patient age, fibrinogen, and IL-6 levels. This study positions GDF-15 as a promising biomarker for severe IBD, with notable correlations with age and inflammatory markers. These findings underscore GDF-15's potential in enhancing disease monitoring and management strategies in an IBD context and encourage further research to clarify GDF-15's role in the IBD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Kučerka
- Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Military University Hospital Prague, 169 02 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Military Internal Medicine and Military Hygiene, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, 500 02 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Blahutová
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Military University Hospital, 169 02 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Kosek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, University of Chemistry and Technology, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Mináriková
- Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Military University Hospital Prague, 169 02 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan M Horáček
- Department of Military Internal Medicine and Military Hygiene, Military Faculty of Medicine, University of Defence, 500 02 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Urbánek
- Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Military University Hospital Prague, 169 02 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Malý
- Department of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Military University Hospital Prague, 169 02 Prague, Czech Republic
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Wang SF, Chang YL, Liu TY, Huang KH, Fang WL, Li AFY, Yeh TS, Hung GY, Lee HC. Mitochondrial dysfunction decreases cisplatin sensitivity in gastric cancer cells through upregulation of integrated stress response and mitokine GDF15. FEBS J 2024; 291:1131-1150. [PMID: 37935441 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Gastric neoplasm is a high-mortality cancer worldwide. Chemoresistance is the obstacle against gastric cancer treatment. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed to promote malignant progression. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The mitokine growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a significant biomarker for mitochondrial disorder and is activated by the integrated stress response (ISR) pathway. The serum level of GDF15 was found to be correlated with the poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients. In this study, we found that high GDF15 protein expression might increase disease recurrence in adjuvant chemotherapy-treated gastric cancer patients. Moreover, treatment with mitochondrial inhibitors, especially oligomycin (a complex V inhibitor) and salubrinal (an ISR activator), respectively, was found to upregulate GDF15 and enhance cisplatin insensitivity of human gastric cancer cells. Mechanistically, it was found that the activating transcription factor 4-C/EBP homologous protein pathway has a crucial function in the heightened manifestation of GDF15. In addition, reactive oxygen species-activated general control nonderepressible 2 mediates the oligomycin-induced ISR, and upregulates GDF15. The GDF15-glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor a-like-ISR-cystine/glutamate transporter-enhanced glutathione production was found to be involved in cisplatin resistance. These results suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction might enhance cisplatin insensitivity through GDF15 upregulation, and targeting mitokine GDF15-ISR regulation might be a strategy against cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Fan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Lih Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Liu
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hung Huang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Gastric Cancer Medical Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Liang Fang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Gastric Cancer Medical Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Anna Fen-Yau Li
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Shun Yeh
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Giun-Yi Hung
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chen Lee
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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18
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Crawford J, Calle RA, Collins SM, Weng Y, Lubaczewski SL, Buckeridge C, Wang EQ, Harrington MA, Tarachandani A, Rossulek MI, Revkin JH. A Phase Ib First-In-Patient Study Assessing the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Ponsegromab in Participants with Cancer and Cachexia. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:489-497. [PMID: 37982848 PMCID: PMC10831332 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-1631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cachexia is common in patients with advanced cancer and is associated with elevated serum growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) concentrations. This first-in-patient (phase Ib), 24-week study assessed use of ponsegromab, a mAb against GDF-15, in adults with advanced cancer, cachexia, and elevated GDF-15 serum concentration. PATIENTS AND METHODS Participants (n = 10) received open-label ponsegromab subcutaneous 200 mg every 3 weeks for 12 weeks in addition to standard-of-care anticancer treatment. Ponsegromab safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics were assessed in addition to serum GDF-15 concentrations and exploratory measures of efficacy. RESULTS No treatment-related treatment-emergent adverse events, injection site reactions, or adverse trends in clinical laboratory tests, vital signs, or electrocardiogram parameters attributable to ponsegromab were identified. Median serum unbound GDF-15 concentration at baseline was 2.269 ng/mL. Following initiation of study treatment, median unbound GDF-15 concentrations were below the lower limit of quantification (0.0424 ng/mL) from day 1 (3 hours postdose) through week 15. Increases in body weight were observed at all time points during the treatment and follow-up periods. A least-squares mean (SE) increase of 4.63 (1.98) kg was observed at week 12, an increase of approximately 6.6% relative to baseline. Ponsegromab-mediated improvements in actigraphy-based assessments of physical activity and in quality of life, including appetite as assessed by Functional Assessment of Anorexia-Cachexia Therapy total and subscale scores, were also observed. CONCLUSIONS Ponsegromab was well tolerated, suppressed serum GDF-15 concentrations, and demonstrated preliminary evidence of efficacy. These findings support the continued development of ponsegromab for the treatment of cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Crawford
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Roberto A. Calle
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Susie M. Collins
- Global Biometrics and Data Management, Pfizer R&D UK Ltd, Sandwich, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Weng
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Shannon L. Lubaczewski
- Early Clinical Development Biomedicine Artificial Intelligence, Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania
| | - Clare Buckeridge
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ellen Q. Wang
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | - James H. Revkin
- Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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19
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Mattox AK, Douville C, Wang Y, Popoli M, Ptak J, Silliman N, Dobbyn L, Schaefer J, Lu S, Pearlman AH, Cohen JD, Tie J, Gibbs P, Lahouel K, Bettegowda C, Hruban RH, Tomasetti C, Jiang P, Chan KA, Lo YMD, Papadopoulos N, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B. The Origin of Highly Elevated Cell-Free DNA in Healthy Individuals and Patients with Pancreatic, Colorectal, Lung, or Ovarian Cancer. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:2166-2179. [PMID: 37565753 PMCID: PMC10592331 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-21-1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) concentrations from patients with cancer are often elevated compared with those of healthy controls, but the sources of this extra cfDNA have never been determined. To address this issue, we assessed cfDNA methylation patterns in 178 patients with cancers of the colon, pancreas, lung, or ovary and 64 patients without cancer. Eighty-three of these individuals had cfDNA concentrations much greater than those generally observed in healthy subjects. The major contributor of cfDNA in all samples was leukocytes, accounting for ∼76% of cfDNA, with neutrophils predominating. This was true regardless of whether the samples were derived from patients with cancer or the total plasma cfDNA concentration. High levels of cfDNA observed in patients with cancer did not come from either neoplastic cells or surrounding normal epithelial cells from the tumor's tissue of origin. These data suggest that cancers may have a systemic effect on cell turnover or DNA clearance. SIGNIFICANCE The origin of excess cfDNA in patients with cancer is unknown. Using cfDNA methylation patterns, we determined that neither the tumor nor the surrounding normal tissue contributes this excess cfDNA-rather it comes from leukocytes. This finding suggests that cancers have a systemic impact on cell turnover or DNA clearance. See related commentary by Thierry and Pisareva, p. 2122. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 2109.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin K. Mattox
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Christopher Douville
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Maria Popoli
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Janine Ptak
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Natalie Silliman
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Lisa Dobbyn
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Joy Schaefer
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Steve Lu
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Alexander H. Pearlman
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Joshua D. Cohen
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Jeanne Tie
- Division of Systems Biology and Personalized Medicine, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria 3021, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Peter Gibbs
- Division of Systems Biology and Personalized Medicine, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria 3021, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kamel Lahouel
- Division of Mathematics for Cancer Evolution and Early Detection, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Chetan Bettegowda
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287
| | - Ralph H. Hruban
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Cristian Tomasetti
- Division of Mathematics for Cancer Evolution and Early Detection, Department of Computational and Quantitative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010
| | - Peiyong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Novostics, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K.C. Allen Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Novostics, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuk Ming Dennis Lo
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Novostics, Hong Kong Science Park, Pak Shek Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nickolas Papadopoulos
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Kenneth W. Kinzler
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Bert Vogelstein
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
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20
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Alexopoulou F, Buch-Månson N, Pedersen SL, Vrang N, Fink LN, Strømgaard K. Identification of GDF15 peptide fragments inhibiting GFRAL receptor signaling. Peptides 2023; 168:171063. [PMID: 37495041 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is believed to be a major causative factor for cancer-induced cachexia. Recent elucidation of the central circuits involved in GDF15 function and its signaling through the glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor α-like (GFRAL) has prompted the interest of targeting the GDF15-GFRAL signaling for energy homeostasis and body weight regulation. Here, we applied advanced peptide technologies to identify GDF15 peptide fragments inhibiting GFRAL signaling. SPOT peptide arrays revealed binding of GDF15 C-terminal peptide fragments to the extracellular domain of GFRAL. Parallel solid-phase peptide synthesis allowed for generation of complementary GDF15 peptide libraries and their subsequent functional evaluation in cells expressing the GFRAL/RET receptor complex. We identified a series of C-terminal fragments of GDF15 inhibiting GFRAL activity in the micromolar range. These novel GFRAL peptide inhibitors could serve as valuable tools for further development of peptide therapeutics towards the treatment of cachexia and other wasting disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Alexopoulou
- Gubra Aps, Hørsholm, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Niels Vrang
- Gubra Aps, Hørsholm, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark
| | | | - Kristian Strømgaard
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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21
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Schofield JH, Longo J, Sheldon RD, Albano E, Hawk MA, Murphy S, Duong L, Rahmy S, Lu X, Jones RG, Schafer ZT. Acod1 Expression in Cancer Cells Promotes Immune Evasion through the Generation of Inhibitory Peptides. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.14.557799. [PMID: 37745450 PMCID: PMC10515953 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.14.557799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Targeting PD-1 is an important component of many immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapeutic approaches. However, ICB is not an efficacious strategy in a variety of cancer types, in part due to immunosuppressive metabolites in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we find that αPD-1-resistant cancer cells produce abundant itaconate (ITA) due to enhanced levels of aconitate decarboxylase (Acod1). Acod1 has an important role in the resistance to αPD-1, as decreasing Acod1 levels in αPD-1 resistant cancer cells can sensitize tumors to αPD-1 therapy. Mechanistically, cancer cells with high Acod1 inhibit the proliferation of naïve CD8+ T cells through the secretion of inhibitory factors. Surprisingly, inhibition of CD8+ T cell proliferation is not dependent on secretion of ITA, but is instead a consequence of the release of small inhibitory peptides. Our study suggests that strategies to counter the activity of Acod1 in cancer cells may sensitize tumors to ICB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H. Schofield
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 USA
| | - Joseph Longo
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA
| | - Ryan D. Sheldon
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA
| | - Emma Albano
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 USA
| | - Mark A. Hawk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 USA
| | - Sean Murphy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 USA
| | - Loan Duong
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 USA
| | - Sharif Rahmy
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 USA
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 USA
| | - Russell G. Jones
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA
| | - Zachary T. Schafer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 USA
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22
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Nopp S, Moik F, Kraler S, Englisch C, Preusser M, von Eckardstein A, Pabinger I, Lüscher TF, Ay C. Growth differentiation factor-15 and prediction of cancer-associated thrombosis and mortality: a prospective cohort study. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:2461-2472. [PMID: 37192696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cancer are at increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and arterial thromboembolic/thrombotic events (ATEs). Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) improves cardiovascular risk assessment, but its predictive utility in patients with cancer remains undefined. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of GDF-15 with the risks of VTE, ATE, and mortality in patients with cancer and its predictive utility alongside established models. METHODS The Vienna Cancer and Thrombosis Study (CATS)-a prospective, observational cohort study of patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent cancer-which was followed for 2 years, served as the study framework. Serum GDF-15 levels at study inclusion were measured, and any association with VTE, ATE, and death was determined using competing risk (VTE/ATE) or Cox regression (death) modeling. The added value of GDF-15 to established VTE risk prediction models was assessed using the Khorana and Vienna CATScore. RESULTS Among 1531 included patients with cancer (median age, 62 years; 53% men), median GDF-15 levels were 1004 ng/L (IQR, 654-1750). Increasing levels of GDF-15 were associated with the increased risks of VTE, ATE, and all-cause death ([subdistribution] hazard ratio per doubling, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.03-1.32], 1.30 [95% CI, 1.11-1.53], and 1.57 [95% CI, 1.46-1.69], respectively). After adjustment for clinically relevant covariates, the association only prevailed for all-cause death (hazard ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.10-1.33) and GDF-15 did not improve the performance of the Khorana or Vienna CATScore. CONCLUSION GDF-15 is strongly associated with survival in patients with cancer, independent of the established risk factors. While an association with ATE and VTE was identified in univariable analysis, GDF-15 was not independently associated with these outcomes and failed to improve established VTE prediction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Nopp
- Clinical Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Moik
- Clinical Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. http://www.twitter.com/FlorianMoik
| | - Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. http://www.twitter.com/KralerSimon
| | - Cornelia Englisch
- Clinical Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Clinical Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arnold von Eckardstein
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ingrid Pabinger
- Clinical Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Imperial College, London, UK; School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK. http://www.twitter.com/TomLuscher
| | - Cihan Ay
- Clinical Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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23
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Frick LD, Hankir MK, Borner T, Malagola E, File B, Gero D. Novel Insights into the Physiology of Nutrient Sensing and Gut-Brain Communication in Surgical and Experimental Obesity Therapy. Obes Surg 2023; 33:2906-2916. [PMID: 37474864 PMCID: PMC10435392 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06739-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite standardized surgical technique and peri-operative care, metabolic outcomes of bariatric surgery are not uniform. Adaptive changes in brain function may play a crucial role in achieving optimal postbariatric weight loss. This review follows the anatomic-physiologic structure of the postbariatric nutrient-gut-brain communication chain through its key stations and provides a concise summary of recent findings in bariatric physiology, with a special focus on the composition of the intestinal milieu, intestinal nutrient sensing, vagal nerve-mediated gastrointestinal satiation signals, circulating hormones and nutrients, as well as descending neural signals from the forebrain. The results of interventional studies using brain or vagal nerve stimulation to induce weight loss are also summarized. Ultimately, suggestions are made for future diagnostic and therapeutic research for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas D Frick
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mohammed K Hankir
- Department of Experimental Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tito Borner
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ermanno Malagola
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Irving Cancer Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Bálint File
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Daniel Gero
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zürich, Switzerland.
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24
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Haake M, Haack B, Schäfer T, Harter PN, Mattavelli G, Eiring P, Vashist N, Wedekink F, Genssler S, Fischer B, Dahlhoff J, Mokhtari F, Kuzkina A, Welters MJP, Benz TM, Sorger L, Thiemann V, Almanzar G, Selle M, Thein K, Späth J, Gonzalez MC, Reitinger C, Ipsen-Escobedo A, Wistuba-Hamprecht K, Eichler K, Filipski K, Zeiner PS, Beschorner R, Goedemans R, Gogolla FH, Hackl H, Rooswinkel RW, Thiem A, Roche PR, Joshi H, Pühringer D, Wöckel A, Diessner JE, Rüdiger M, Leo E, Cheng PF, Levesque MP, Goebeler M, Sauer M, Nimmerjahn F, Schuberth-Wagner C, von Felten S, Mittelbronn M, Mehling M, Beilhack A, van der Burg SH, Riedel A, Weide B, Dummer R, Wischhusen J. Tumor-derived GDF-15 blocks LFA-1 dependent T cell recruitment and suppresses responses to anti-PD-1 treatment. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4253. [PMID: 37474523 PMCID: PMC10359308 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39817-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade therapy is beneficial and even curative for some cancer patients. However, the majority don't respond to immune therapy. Across different tumor types, pre-existing T cell infiltrates predict response to checkpoint-based immunotherapy. Based on in vitro pharmacological studies, mouse models and analyses of human melanoma patients, we show that the cytokine GDF-15 impairs LFA-1/β2-integrin-mediated adhesion of T cells to activated endothelial cells, which is a pre-requisite of T cell extravasation. In melanoma patients, GDF-15 serum levels strongly correlate with failure of PD-1-based immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Neutralization of GDF-15 improves both T cell trafficking and therapy efficiency in murine tumor models. Thus GDF-15, beside its known role in cancer-related anorexia and cachexia, emerges as a regulator of T cell extravasation into the tumor microenvironment, which provides an even stronger rationale for therapeutic anti-GDF-15 antibody development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Haake
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- CatalYm GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152, Munich, Germany
| | - Beatrice Haack
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tina Schäfer
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick N Harter
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute), University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Greta Mattavelli
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Eiring
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Neha Vashist
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- CatalYm GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Wedekink
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Birgitt Fischer
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- CatalYm GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Dahlhoff
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Mokhtari
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anastasia Kuzkina
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marij J P Welters
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Tamara M Benz
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lena Sorger
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vincent Thiemann
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Almanzar
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martina Selle
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Klara Thein
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jacob Späth
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Carmen Reitinger
- Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea Ipsen-Escobedo
- Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kilian Wistuba-Hamprecht
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Clinical Bioinformatics, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kristin Eichler
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- CatalYm GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Filipski
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute), University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Pia S Zeiner
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute), University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rudi Beschorner
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Renske Goedemans
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Falk Hagen Gogolla
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hubert Hackl
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Alexander Thiem
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Clinic for Dermatology and Venereology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Paula Romer Roche
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- CatalYm GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152, Munich, Germany
| | - Hemant Joshi
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Dirk Pühringer
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Achim Wöckel
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Joachim E Diessner
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Eugen Leo
- CatalYm GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152, Munich, Germany
| | - Phil F Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, University of Zurich Hospital, Wagistrasse 18, 8952, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mitchell P Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, University of Zurich Hospital, Wagistrasse 18, 8952, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Goebeler
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Sauer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Falk Nimmerjahn
- Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Stefanie von Felten
- oikostat GmbH, Statistical Analyses and Consulting, Lucerne, Switzerland
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- Department of Oncology (DONC), Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Centre of Neuropathology (LCNP), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- National Center of Pathology (NCP), Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Dudelange, Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine (DLSM), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine (FSTM), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Matthias Mehling
- Department of Biomedicine and Neurology Department, University Hospital Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Beilhack
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Riedel
- Mildred Scheel Early Career Center, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Weide
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Wischhusen
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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25
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Wen S, Sun Y, Chen Y, Shi S. Particle Coupling Mechanism inspired Adsorption Optimization in Autonomous in Vivo Computing. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2023; 2023:1-5. [PMID: 38082973 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
While some commercial transceivers are available for capsule millirobots, no one has yet tackled the challenge of wireless communication between nanorobots inside the human body, which could be crucial for the control, and coordination of nanorobots. The Multi-agent system relies on information exchange by physical interactions or chemical secretions to perform complex tasks. Our previous work proposed a swarm coordination mechanism for tumor-target in an autonomous manner. To perform deterministic tasks, the method does not require prior knowledge of tumor location but the nanoparticles (NPs) swarm that follows simple migration principles. The biological gradient field (BGF) generated by tumors allows nanoswarms (NS) to cooperate and passively migrate to potential tumor sites. An autonomous computation strategy in vivo (ACS) is proposed based on particle coupling and adsorption optimization to improve NS aggregation and overall targeting efficiency in vivo. In addition, an evaluation system is established to evaluate the aggregation degree of NS and the drug leakage caused by the dissipation of NPs in complex vascular networks. By increasing the aggregation degree NS and reducing the effect of drug leakage, We are able to achieve an increase in global targeting efficiency to about 95%, which can be helpful in early-tumor detection, which can be helpful in early-tumor detection.Clinical relevance-Our investigation into autonomous swarm coordination and targeting of nanorobots in vivo represents a novel approach for early tumor detection, potentially achieving targeting efficiency of approximately 95% in complex vascular networks.
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Tekin B, Dasari S, Theis JD, Vrana JA, Murray DL, Oglesbee D, Thompson RH, Leibovich BC, Boorjian SA, Whaley RD, Hernandez LH, Jimenez RE, Cheville JC, Karnes RJ, Sukov WR, Gupta S. Mass Spectrometry-Based Assessment of Prostate Cancer-Associated Crystalloids Reveals Enrichment for Growth & Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15). Hum Pathol 2023; 135:35-44. [PMID: 36906183 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Intraluminal crystalloids are a common finding within malignant prostatic acini and are infrequently identified within benign glands. The proteomic composition of these crystalloids remains poorly understood and may provide insight regarding prostate cancer pathogenesis. Laser microdissection assisted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LMD-LC-MS/MS) was performed to compare proteomic composition of corpora amylacea within benign acini (n=9), prostatic adenocarcinoma-associated crystalloids (n=8), benign (n=8), and malignant prostatic acini (n=6). The expression of candidate biomarkers was then measured in urine specimens from patients with (n=8) and without prostate cancer (n=10) using ELISA; and immunohistochemistry-based expression in adjacent prostate cancer and benign glands was assessed in 56 whole-slide sections from radical prostatectomy specimens. LMD-LC-MS/MS revealed enrichment for the C-terminal portion of growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) in prostatic crystalloids. Although urinary GDF15 levels were higher in patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma compared to those without (median: 1561.2 vs 1101.3, arbitrary units), this did not meet statistical significance (p=0.07). Immunohistochemistry for GDF15 revealed occasional positivity in benign glands (median H-score: 30, n=56), and diffuse positivity in prostatic adenocarcinoma (median H-score: 200, n=56, p<0.0001). No significant difference was identified within different prognostic grade groups of prostatic adenocarcinoma, or within malignant glands with large cribriform morphology. Our results show that the C-terminal portion of GDF15 is enriched in prostate cancer-associated crystalloids, and higher GDF15 expression is seen in malignant rather than benign prostatic acini. Improved understanding of the proteomic composition of prostate cancer-associated crystalloids provides the rationale for evaluating GDF15 as a urine-based biomarker of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Tekin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Surendra Dasari
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Jason D Theis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Julie A Vrana
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - David L Murray
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Devin Oglesbee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Rumeal D Whaley
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | | | - Rafael E Jimenez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - John C Cheville
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | | | - William R Sukov
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Sounak Gupta
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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27
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Cheng J, Lyu Y, Mei Y, Chen Q, Liu H, Li Y. Serum growth differentiation factor-15 and non-esterified fatty acid levels in patients with coronary artery disease and hyperuricemia. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:31. [PMID: 36864452 PMCID: PMC9979416 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01792-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High serum NEFA and GDF-15 are risk factors for CAD and have been linked to detrimental cardiovascular events. It has been hypothesized that hyperuricemia causes CAD via the oxidative metabolism and inflammation. The current study sought to clarify the relationship between serum GDF-15/NEFA and CAD in individuals with hyperuricemia. METHODS Blood samples collected from 350 male patients with hyperuricemia(191 patients without CAD and 159 patients with CAD, serum UA > 420 μmol/L) to measure serum GDF-15 and NEFA concentrations with baseline parameters. RESULTS Serum circulating GDF-15 concentrations(pg/dL) [8.48(6.67,12.73)] and NEFA levels(mmol/L) [0.45(0.32,0.60)] were higher in hyperuricemia patients with CAD. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the OR (95% CI) for CAD were 10.476 (4.158, 26.391) and 11.244 (4.740, 26.669) in quartile 4 (highest) respectively. The AUC of the combined serum GDF-15 and NEFA was 0.813 (0.767,0.858) as a predictor of whether CAD occurred in male with hyperuricemia. CONCLUSIONS Circulating GDF-15 and NEFA levels correlated positively with CAD in male patients with hyperuricemia and measurements may be a useful clinical adjunct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Cheng
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Clinical Laboratory,institute of translational medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongnan Lyu
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufeng Mei
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Clinical Laboratory,institute of translational medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Chen
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Clinical Laboratory,institute of translational medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Liu
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Clinical Laboratory,institute of translational medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory,institute of translational medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Growth differentiation factor 15 is required for triple-negative breast cancer cell growth and chemoresistance. Anticancer Drugs 2023; 34:351-360. [PMID: 36729006 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a pleiotropic cytokine, which is involved in the cellular stress response following acute damage. However, the functional role of GDF15 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has not been fully elucidated. ELISA, Western blot, and PCR assays as well as bioinformatics analyses were conducted to observe the expression of GDF15. Cell Counting Kit-8, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and crystal violet staining assays were conducted to evaluate paclitaxel resistance and cell viability. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by Western blotting. Murine xenograft model assay was employed to evaluate tumor growth in vivo . Our data indicate that GDF15 is markedly elevated in paclitaxel-resistant TNBC cells, which is significantly associated with unfavorable prognosis. Silencing of GDF15 robustly inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells and increases their sensitivity to paclitaxel in vitro and in vivo , whereas the treatment of purified GDF15 protein confers breast cancer cells with chemoresistance ability. Moreover, GDF15 activates protein kinase B (AKT) /mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, inhibition of AKT or mTOR reverses the prosurvival effect of GDF15 and enhances the antitumor efficacy of paclitaxel in TNBC cells. Altogether, our study uncovers the role of GDF15 in tumor growth and paclitaxel resistance, implicating a potential therapeutic target for TNBC.
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Cedillo-Alcantar DF, Rodriguez-Moncayo R, Maravillas-Montero JL, Garcia-Cordero JL. On-Chip Analysis of Protein Secretion from Single Cells Using Microbead Biosensors. ACS Sens 2023; 8:655-664. [PMID: 36710459 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The profiling of the effector functions of single immune cells─including cytokine secretion─can lead to a deeper understanding of how the immune system operates and to potential diagnostics and therapeutical applications. Here, we report a microfluidic device that pairs single cells and antibody-functionalized microbeads in hydrodynamic traps to quantitate cytokine secretion. The device contains 1008 microchambers, each with a volume of ∼500 pL, divided into six different sections individually addressed to deliver an equal number of chemical stimuli. Integrating microvalves allowed us to isolate cell/bead pairs, preventing cross-contamination with factors secreted by adjacent cells. We implemented a fluorescence sandwich immunoassay on the biosensing microbeads with a limit of detection of 9 pg/mL and were able to detect interleukin-8 (IL-8) secreted by single blood-derived human monocytes in response to different concentrations of LPS. Finally, our platform allowed us to observe a significant decrease in the number of IL-8-secreting monocytes when paracrine signaling becomes disrupted. Overall, our platform could have a variety of applications for which the analysis of cellular function heterogeneity is necessary, such as cancer research, antibody discovery, or rare cell screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana F Cedillo-Alcantar
- Laboratory of Microtechnologies for Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Monterrey 66628, Nuevo León Mexico
| | - Roberto Rodriguez-Moncayo
- Laboratory of Microtechnologies for Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Monterrey 66628, Nuevo León Mexico
| | - Jose L Maravillas-Montero
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Jose L Garcia-Cordero
- Laboratory of Microtechnologies for Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Monterrey 66628, Nuevo León Mexico.,Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering (ITB), Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel 4058, Switzerland
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30
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Joo M, Kim D, Lee MW, Lee HJ, Kim JM. GDF15 Promotes Cell Growth, Migration, and Invasion in Gastric Cancer by Inducing STAT3 Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032925. [PMID: 36769245 PMCID: PMC9917887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) has been reported to play an important role in cancer and is secreted and involved in the progression of various cancers, including ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and thyroid cancer. Nevertheless, the functional mechanism of GDF15 in gastric cancer is still unclear. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to estimate the expression of GDF15 in 178 gastric cancer tissues. The biological role and action mechanism of GDF15 were investigated by examining the effect of GDF15 knockdown in AGS and SNU216 gastric cancer cells. Here, we report that the high expression of GDF15 was associated with invasion depth (p = 0.002), nodal involvement (p = 0.003), stage III/IV (p = 0.01), lymphatic invasion (p = 0.05), and tumor size (p = 0.049), which are related to poor survival in gastric cancer patients. GDF15 knockdown induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and remarkably inhibited cell proliferation and reduced cell motility, migration, and invasion compared to the control. GDF15 knockdown inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating the STAT3 phosphorylation signaling pathways. Taken together, our results indicate that GDF15 expression is associated with aggressive gastric cancer by promoting STAT3 phosphorylation, suggesting that the GDF15-STAT3 signaling axis is a potential therapeutic target against gastric cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Joo
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Won Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (H.J.L.); (J.-M.K.); Tel.: +82-42-280-8369 (H.J.L.); +82-42-580-8237 (J.-M.K.)
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (H.J.L.); (J.-M.K.); Tel.: +82-42-280-8369 (H.J.L.); +82-42-580-8237 (J.-M.K.)
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Selvaraj C, Panwar U, Ramalingam KR, Vijayakumar R, Singh SK. Exploring the macromolecules for secretory pathway in cancer disease. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 133:55-83. [PMID: 36707206 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Secretory proteins play an important role in the tumor microenvironment and are widely distributed throughout tumor tissues. Tumor cells secrete a protein that mediates communication between tumor cells and stromal cells, thereby controlling tumor growth and affecting the success of cancer treatments in the clinic. The cancer secretome is produced by various secretory pathways and has a wide range of applications in oncoproteomics. Secretory proteins are involved in cancer development and tumor cell migration, and thus serve as biomarkers or effective therapeutic targets for a variety of cancers. Several proteomic strategies have recently been used for the analysis of cancer secretomes in order to gain a better understanding and elaborate interpretation. For instance, the development of exosome proteomics, degradomics, and tumor-host cell interaction provide clear information regarding the mechanism of cancer pathobiology. In this chapter, we emphasize the recent advances in secretory protein and the challenges in the field of secretome analysis and their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrabose Selvaraj
- Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Umesh Panwar
- Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthik Raja Ramalingam
- Department of Biotechnology, Division of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajendran Vijayakumar
- Department of Biology, College of Science in Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Design and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Burtscher J, Soltany A, Visavadiya NP, Burtscher M, Millet GP, Khoramipour K, Khamoui AV. Mitochondrial stress and mitokines in aging. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13770. [PMID: 36642986 PMCID: PMC9924952 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitokines are signaling molecules that enable communication of local mitochondrial stress to other mitochondria in distant cells and tissues. Among those molecules are FGF21, GDF15 (both expressed in the nucleus) and several mitochondrial-derived peptides, including humanin. Their responsiveness to mitochondrial stress induces mitokine-signaling in response for example to exercise, following mitochondrial challenges in skeletal muscle. Such signaling is emerging as an important mediator of exercise-derived and dietary strategy-related molecular and systemic health benefits, including healthy aging. A compensatory increase in mitokine synthesis and secretion could preserve mitochondrial function and overall cellular vitality. Conversely, resistance against mitokine actions may also develop. Alterations of mitokine-levels, and therefore of mitokine-related inter-tissue cross talk, are associated with general aging processes and could influence the development of age-related chronic metabolic, cardiovascular and neurological diseases; whether these changes contribute to aging or represent "rescue factors" remains to be conclusively shown. The aim of the present review is to summarize the expanding knowledge on mitokines, the potential to modulate them by lifestyle and their involvement in aging and age-related diseases. We highlight the importance of well-balanced mitokine-levels, the preventive and therapeutic properties of maintaining mitokine homeostasis and sensitivity of mitokine signaling but also the risks arising from the dysregulation of mitokines. While reduced mitokine levels may impair inter-organ crosstalk, also excessive mitokine concentrations can have deleterious consequences and are associated with conditions such as cancer and heart failure. Preservation of healthy mitokine signaling levels can be achieved by regular exercise and is associated with an increased lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Burtscher
- Institute of Sport SciencesUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Afsaneh Soltany
- Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ShirazShirazIran
| | - Nishant P. Visavadiya
- Department of Exercise Science and Health PromotionFlorida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFloridaUSA
| | - Martin Burtscher
- Department of Sport ScienceUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Grégoire P. Millet
- Institute of Sport SciencesUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Kayvan Khoramipour
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, and Afzalipour School of MedicineKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Andy V. Khamoui
- Department of Exercise Science and Health PromotionFlorida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFloridaUSA
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Plasma GDF15 levels associated with circulating immune cells predict the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor treatment and prognosis in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:159-171. [PMID: 36472770 PMCID: PMC9889409 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04500-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although increased plasma growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) levels have been reported in patients with various cancers, the predictive role of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in advanced cancers remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate GDF15 levels as a predictive marker in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and analyze their association with immune cell populations. METHODS This study included 87 patients with advanced NSCLC receiving anti-PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors between March 2018 and May 2020. Blood samples were obtained immediately before and months after PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor administration. RESULTS The objective response rate (ORR) was significantly higher in the low GDF15 than in the high GDF15 group (39.2% vs. 15.3%, P = 0.013). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly longer in the low GDF15 than in the high GDF15 group (13.2 [95% CI 7.6-18.9] vs. 7.2 [95% CI 4.8-9.6] months, P = 0.048). Moreover, plasma GDF15 levels negatively correlated with PD-1+/CD8+ T cells (r = - 0.399, P = 0.003) and positively with PD-1+/Treg cells (r = 0.507, P < 0.001) and PD-1+Treg/CD4+ T cells (r = 0.439, P < 0.001). The ORR was significantly higher in the group with decreased GDF15 from baseline than in the increased GDF15 group (37.2% vs. 10.0%, P = 0.026). The median PFS was significantly longer in the decreased GDF15 group (14.8 [95% CI 10.4-19.2] vs. 5.9 [95% CI 2.8-9.0] months, P = 0.002). Plasma GDF15 levels were associated with PD-1+CD8+ T cells and PD-1+ Treg cells. CONCLUSION Plasma GDF15 could be a potential biomarker for predicting the efficacy and survival benefit of immunotherapy in advanced NSCLC.
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De Paepe B. The Cytokine Growth Differentiation Factor-15 and Skeletal Muscle Health: Portrait of an Emerging Widely Applicable Disease Biomarker. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113180. [PMID: 36361969 PMCID: PMC9654287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a stress-induced transforming growth factor-β superfamily cytokine with versatile functions in human health. Elevated GDF-15 blood levels associate with multiple pathological conditions, and are currently extensively explored for diagnosis, and as a means to monitor disease progression and evaluate therapeutic responses. This review analyzes GDF-15 in human conditions specifically focusing on its association with muscle manifestations of sarcopenia, mitochondrial myopathy, and autoimmune and viral myositis. The use of GDF-15 as a widely applicable health biomarker to monitor muscle disease is discussed, and its potential as a therapeutic target is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boel De Paepe
- Neuromuscular Reference Center, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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35
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Increased Density of Growth Differentiation Factor-15+ Immunoreactive M1/M2 Macrophages in Prostate Cancer of Different Gleason Scores Compared with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194591. [PMID: 36230513 PMCID: PMC9578283 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most diagnosed cancer and cause of death in men worldwide. The main challenge is to discover biomarkers for malignancy to guide the physician towards optimized diagnosis and therapy. There is recent evidence that growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is elevated in cancer patients. Therefore, we aimed to decipher GDF-15+ cell types and their density in biopsies of human PCa patients with Gleason score (GS)6–9 and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Here we show that the density of GDF-15+ cells, mainly identified as interstitial macrophages (MΦ), was higher in GS6–9 than in BPH, and, thus, GDF-15 is intended to differentiate patients with high GS vs. BPH, as well as GS6 vs. GS7 (or even with higher malignancy). Some GDF-15+ MΦ showed a transepithelial migration into the glandular lumen and, thus, might be used for measurement in urine/semen. Taken together, GDF-15 is proposed as a novel tool to diagnose PCa vs. BPH or malignancy (GS6 vs. higher GS) and as a potential target for anti-tumor therapy. GDF-15 in seminal plasma and/or urine could be utilized as a non-invasive biomarker of PCa as compared to BPH. Abstract Although growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is highly expressed in PCa, its role in the development and progression of PCa is unclear. The present study aims to determine the density of GDF-15+ cells and immune cells (M1-/M2 macrophages [MΦ], lymphocytes) in PCa of different Gleason scores (GS) compared to BPH. Immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence were performed on paraffin-embedded human PCa and BPH biopsies with antibodies directed against GDF-15, CD68 (M1 MΦ), CD163 (M2 MΦ), CD4, CD8, CD19 (T /B lymphocytes), or PD-L1. PGP9.5 served as a marker for innervation and neuroendocrine cells. GDF-15+ cell density was higher in all GS than in BPH. CD68+ MΦ density in GS9 and CD163+ MΦ exceeded that in BPH. GDF-15+ cell density correlated significantly positively with CD68+ or CD163+ MΦ density in extratumoral areas. Double immunoreactive GDF-15+/CD68+ cells were found as transepithelial migrating MΦ. Stromal CD68+ MΦ lacked GDF-15+. The area of PGP9.5+ innervation was higher in GS9 than in BPH. PGP9.5+ cells, occasionally copositive for GDF-15+, also occurred in the glandular epithelium. In GS6, but not in BPH, GDF-15+, PD-L1+, and CD68+ cells were found in epithelium within luminal excrescences. The degree of extra-/intra-tumoral GDF-15 increases in M1/M2Φ is proposed to be useful to stratify progredient malignancy of PCa. GDF-15 is a potential target for anti-tumor therapy.
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Li FJ, Long HZ, Zhou ZW, Luo HY, Xu SG, Gao LC. System Xc−/GSH/GPX4 axis: An important antioxidant system for the ferroptosis in drug-resistant solid tumor therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:910292. [PMID: 36105219 PMCID: PMC9465090 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.910292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of ferroptosis is a new effective way to treat drug-resistant solid tumors. Ferroptosis is an iron-mediated form of cell death caused by the accumulation of lipid peroxides. The intracellular imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant due to the abnormal expression of multiple redox active enzymes will promote the produce of reactive oxygen species (ROS). So far, a few pathways and regulators have been discovered to regulate ferroptosis. In particular, the cystine/glutamate antiporter (System Xc−), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and glutathione (GSH) (System Xc−/GSH/GPX4 axis) plays a key role in preventing lipid peroxidation-mediated ferroptosis, because of which could be inhibited by blocking System Xc−/GSH/GPX4 axis. This review aims to present the current understanding of the mechanism of ferroptosis based on the System Xc−/GSH/GPX4 axis in the treatment of drug-resistant solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jiao Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Hui-Zhi Long
- School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Zi-Wei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Hong-Yu Luo
- School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Shuo-Guo Xu
- School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
| | - Li-Chen Gao
- School of Pharmacy, University of South China, Phase I Clinical Trial Centre, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang, China
- *Correspondence: Li-Chen Gao,
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Chianca M, Panichella G, Fabiani I, Giannoni A, L'Abbate S, Aimo A, Del Franco A, Vergaro G, Grigoratos C, Castiglione V, Cipolla CM, Fedele A, Passino C, Emdin M, Cardinale DM. Bidirectional Relationship Between Cancer and Heart Failure: Insights on Circulating Biomarkers. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:936654. [PMID: 35872912 PMCID: PMC9299444 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.936654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer and heart failure are the two leading causes of death in developed countries. These two apparently distinct clinical entities share similar risk factors, symptoms, and pathophysiological mechanisms (inflammation, metabolic disturbances, neuro-hormonal and immune system activation, and endothelial dysfunction). Beyond the well-known cardiotoxic effects of oncological therapies, cancer and heart failure are thought to be tied by a bidirectional relationship, where one disease favors the other and vice versa. In this context, biomarkers represent a simple, reproducible, sensitive and cost-effective method to explore such relationship. In this review, we recapitulate the evidence on cardiovascular and oncological biomarkers in the field of cardioncology, focusing on their role in treatment-naïve cancer patients. Cardioncological biomarkers are useful tools in risk stratification, early detection of cardiotoxicity, follow-up, and prognostic assessment. Intriguingly, these biomarkers might contribute to better understand the common pathophysiology of cancer and heart failure, thus allowing the implementation of preventive and treatment strategies in cardioncological patients
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Chianca
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Iacopo Fabiani
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
- *Correspondence: Iacopo Fabiani
| | - Alberto Giannoni
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena L'Abbate
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Aimo
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Vergaro
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Carlo Maria Cipolla
- Cardioncology Unit, Cardioncology and Second Opinion Division, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Fedele
- Cardioncology Unit, Cardioncology and Second Opinion Division, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Passino
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniela Maria Cardinale
- Cardioncology Unit, Cardioncology and Second Opinion Division, European Institute of Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (I.R.C.C.S.), Milan, Italy
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Hong K, Muralimanoharan S, Kwak YT, Mendelson CR. NRF2 Serves a Critical Role in Regulation of Immune Checkpoint Proteins (ICPs) During Trophoblast Differentiation. Endocrinology 2022; 163:bqac070. [PMID: 35596653 PMCID: PMC9197021 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Using cultured human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs), mid-gestation human trophoblasts in primary culture, and gene-targeted mice, we tested the hypothesis that the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast (SynT) serves a critical role in pregnancy maintenance through production of key immune modulators/checkpoint proteins (ICPs) under control of the O2-regulated transcription factor, NRF2/NFE2L2. These ICPs potentially act at the maternal-fetal interface to protect the hemiallogeneic fetus from rejection by the maternal immune system. Using cultured hTSCs, we observed that several ICPs involved in the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance were markedly upregulated during differentiation of cytotrophoblasts (CytTs) to SynT. These included HMOX1, kynurenine receptor, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, PD-L1, and GDF15. Intriguingly, NRF2, C/EBPβ, and PPARγ were markedly induced when CytTs fused to form SynT in a 20% O2 environment. Notably, when hTSCs were cultured in a hypoxic (2% O2) environment, SynT fusion and the differentiation-associated induction of NRF2, C/EBPβ, aromatase (CYP19A1; SynT differentiation marker), and ICPs were blocked. NRF2 knockdown also prevented induction of aromatase, C/EBPβ and the previously mentioned ICPs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR revealed that temporal induction of the ICPs in hTSCs and mid-gestation human trophoblasts cultured in 20% O2 was associated with increased binding of endogenous NRF2 to putative response elements within their promoters. Moreover, placentas of 12.5 days postcoitum mice with a global Nrf2 knockout manifested decreased mRNA expression of C/ebpβ, Pparγ, Hmox1, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and Nqo1, another direct downstream target of Nrf2, compared with wild-type mice. Collectively, these compelling findings suggest that O2-regulated NRF2 serves as a key regulator of ICP expression during SynT differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
| | | | - Youn-Tae Kwak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
| | - Carole R Mendelson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9032, USA
- Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8511, USA
- North Texas March of Dimes Birth Defects Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9038, USA
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Muniyan S, Pothuraju R, Seshacharyulu P, Batra SK. Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 in cancer: Beyond the cellular phenotype. Cancer Lett 2022; 536:215664. [PMID: 35351601 PMCID: PMC9088220 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite technological advances in diagnostic abilities and improved treatment methods, the burden of cancers remains high, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. One primary reason is that cancer cell secretory factors modulate the tumor microenvironment, supporting tumor growth and circumvents anticancer activities of conventional therapies. Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) is a pleiotropic cytokine elevated in various cancers. MIC-1 regulates various cancer hallmarks, including sustained proliferation, tumor-promoting inflammation, avoiding immune destruction, inducing invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and resisting cell death. Despite these facts, the molecular regulation and downstream signaling of MIC-1 in cancer remain elusive, partly because its receptor (GFRAL) was unknown until recently. Binding of MIC-1 to GFRAL recruits the coreceptor tyrosine kinase RET to execute its downstream signaling. So far, studies have shown that GFRAL expression is restricted to the brain stem and is responsible for MIC-1/GFRAL/RET-mediated metabolic disorders. Nevertheless, abundant levels of MIC-1 expression have been reported in all cancer types and have been proposed as a surrogate biomarker. Given the ubiquitous expression of MIC-1 in cancers, it is crucial to understand both upstream regulation and downstream MIC-1/GFRAL/RET signaling in cancer hallmark traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivel Muniyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
| | - Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Parthasarathy Seshacharyulu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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40
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Rapoport BL, Steel HC, Hlatshwayo N, Theron AJ, Meyer PWA, Nayler S, Benn CA, Smit T, Kwofie LLI, Heyman L, Anderson R. Systemic Immune Dysregulation in Early Breast Cancer Is Associated With Decreased Plasma Levels of Both Soluble Co-Inhibitory and Co-Stimulatory Immune Checkpoint Molecules. Front Immunol 2022; 13:823842. [PMID: 35677046 PMCID: PMC9168983 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.823842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer cells exploit the up-regulation or down-regulation of immune checkpoint proteins to evade anti-tumor immune responses. To explore the possible involvement of this mechanism in promoting systemic immunosuppression, the pre-treatment levels of soluble co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory immune checkpoint molecules, as well as those of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors were measured in 98 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients and compared with those of 45 healthy controls using multiplex bead array and ELISA technologies. Plasma concentrations of the co-stimulatory immune checkpoints, GITR, GITRL, CD27, CD28, CD40, CD80, CD86 and ICOS, as well as the co-inhibitory molecules, PD-L1, CTLA-4 and TIM-3, were all significantly lower in early breast cancer patients compared to healthy controls, as were those of HVEM and sTLR-2, whereas the plasma concentrations of CX3CL1 (fractalkine), CCL5 (RANTES) and those of the growth factors, M-CSF, FGF-21 and GDF-15 were significantly increased. However, when analyzed according to the patients’ breast cancer characteristics, these being triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) vs. non-TNBC, tumor size, stage, nodal status and age, no significant differences were detected between the plasma levels of the various immune checkpoint molecules, cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. Additionally, none of these biomarkers correlated with pathological complete response. This study has identified low plasma levels of soluble co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules in newly diagnosed, non-metastatic breast cancer patients compared to healthy controls, which is a novel finding seemingly consistent with a state of systemic immune dysregulation. Plausible mechanisms include an association with elevated levels of M-CSF and CCL5, implicating the involvement of immune suppressor cells of the M2-macrophage/monocyte phenotype as possible drivers of this state of systemic immune quiescence/dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo L Rapoport
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Medical Oncology Centre of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Helen C Steel
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Nomsa Hlatshwayo
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Immunology, Tshwane Academic Division, National Health Laboratory Service, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Annette J Theron
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Pieter W A Meyer
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Immunology, Tshwane Academic Division, National Health Laboratory Service, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Simon Nayler
- Drs Gritzman & Thatcher Inc. Laboratories, Johannesburg, South Africa.,University of the Witwatersrand Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Teresa Smit
- Medical Oncology Centre of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Luyanda L I Kwofie
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Immunology, Tshwane Academic Division, National Health Laboratory Service, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Liezl Heyman
- Medical Oncology Centre of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ronald Anderson
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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41
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Ayuso JM, Virumbrales-Muñoz M, Lang JM, Beebe DJ. A role for microfluidic systems in precision medicine. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3086. [PMID: 35654785 PMCID: PMC9163169 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30384-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Precision oncology continues to challenge the "one-size-fits-all" dogma. Under the precision oncology banner, cancer patients are screened for molecular tumor alterations that predict treatment response, ideally leading to optimal treatments. Functional assays that directly evaluate treatment efficacy on the patient's cells offer an alternative and complementary tool to improve the accuracy of precision oncology. Unfortunately, traditional Petri dish-based assays overlook much tumor complexity, limiting their potential as predictive functional biomarkers. Here, we review past applications of microfluidic systems for precision medicine and discuss the present and potential future role of functional microfluidic assays as treatment predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Ayuso
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- The University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - María Virumbrales-Muñoz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- The University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Joshua M Lang
- The University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David J Beebe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
- The University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
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Wang Y, Chen C, Chen J, Sang T, Peng H, Lin X, Zhao Q, Chen S, Eling T, Wang X. Overexpression of NAG-1/GDF15 prevents hepatic steatosis through inhibiting oxidative stress-mediated dsDNA release and AIM2 inflammasome activation. Redox Biol 2022; 52:102322. [PMID: 35504134 PMCID: PMC9079118 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress-mediated inflammasome activation play critical roles in the pathogenesis of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-activated gene-1 (NAG-1), or growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15), is associated with many biological processes and diseases, including NAFLD. However, the role of NAG-1/GDF15 in regulating oxidative stress and whether this process is associated with absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome activation in NAFLD are unknown. In this study, we revealed that NAG-1/GDF15 is significantly downregulated in liver tissues of patients with steatosis compared to normal livers using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and in free fatty acids (FFA, oleic acid/palmitic acid, 2:1)-induced HepG2 and Huh-7 cellular steatosis models. Overexpression of NAG-1/GDF15 in transgenic (Tg) mice significantly alleviated HFD-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis, improved lipid homeostasis, enhanced fatty acid β-oxidation and lipolysis, inhibited fatty acid synthesis and uptake, and inhibited AIM2 inflammasome activation and the secretion of IL-18 and IL-1β, as compared to their wild-type (WT) littermates without reducing food intake. Furthermore, NAG-1/GDF15 overexpression attenuated FFA-induced triglyceride (TG) accumulation, lipid metabolism deregulation, and AIM2 inflammasome activation in hepatic steatotic cells, while knockdown of NAG-1/GDF15 demonstrated opposite effects. Moreover, NAG-1/GDF15 overexpression inhibited HFD- and FFA-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage which in turn reduced double-strand DNA (dsDNA) release into the cytosol, while NAG-1/GDF15 siRNA showed opposite effects. The reduced ROS production and dsDNA release may be responsible for attenuated AIM2 activation by NAG-1/GDF15 upon fatty acid overload. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that other than regulating lipid homeostasis, NAG-1/GDF15 protects against hepatic steatosis through a novel mechanism via suppressing oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, dsDNA release, and AIM2 inflammasome activation. NAG-1/GDF15 is downregulated in human steatotic liver and FFA-induced liver cells. NAG-1/GDF15 inhibits hepatic steatosis and improves lipid homeostasis. AIM2 inflammasome is activated in steatosis models and is inhibited by NAG-1/GDF15. NAG-1/GDF15 reduces oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in steatosis models. NAG-1/GDF15 inhibits mitochondrial dsDNA release and thus inhibits AIM2 activation.
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Shi S, Chen Y, Yao X. In Vivo Computing Strategies for Tumor Sensitization and Targeting. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CYBERNETICS 2022; 52:4970-4980. [PMID: 33119523 DOI: 10.1109/tcyb.2020.3025859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Several evolution strategies for in vivo computation are proposed with the aim of realizing tumor sensitization and targeting (TST) by externally manipulable nanoswimmers. In such targeting systems, nanoswimmers assembled by magnetic nanoparticles are externally manipulated to search for the tumor in the high-risk tissue by a rotating magnetic field produced by a coil system. This process can be interpreted as in vivo computation, where the tumor in the high-risk tissue corresponds to the global maximum or minimum of the in vivo optimization problem, the nanoswimmers are seen as the computational agents, the tumor-triggered biological gradient field (BGF) is used for fitness evaluation of the agents, and the high-risk tissue is the search space. Considering that the state-of-the-art magnetic nanoswimmer control method can only actuate all the nanoswimmers heading in the same direction simultaneously, we introduce the orthokinetic movement strategies into the agent location updating in the existing swarm intelligence algorithms. Especially, the gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is revisited and the corresponding in vivo optimization algorithm called orthokinetic GSA (OGSA) is proposed to carry out the TST. Furthermore, to determine the direction of the orthokinetic agent movement in every iteration of the operation, we propose several strategies according to the fitness ranking of the nanoswimmers in the BGF. To verify the superiority of the OGSA and choose the optimal evolution strategy, some numerical experiments are presented and compared with that of the brute-force search, which represents the traditional method for TST. It is found that the TST performance can be improved by the weak priority evolution strategy (WP-ES) in most of the scenarios.
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Xu G, Chen J, Jo S, Grayson TB, Ramanadham S, Koizumi A, Germain-Lee EL, Lee SJ, Shalev A. Deletion of Gdf15 Reduces ER Stress-induced Beta-cell Apoptosis and Diabetes. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6548945. [PMID: 35290443 PMCID: PMC9272264 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to pancreatic beta-cell apoptosis in diabetes, but the factors involved are still not fully elucidated. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress response gene and has been reported to be increased and play an important role in various diseases. However, the role of GDF15 in beta cells in the context of ER stress and diabetes is still unclear. In this study, we have discovered that GDF15 promotes ER stress-induced beta-cell apoptosis and that downregulation of GDF15 has beneficial effects on beta-cell survival in diabetes. Specifically, we found that GDF15 is induced by ER stress in beta cells and human islets, and that the transcription factor C/EBPβ is involved in this process. Interestingly, ER stress-induced apoptosis was significantly reduced in INS-1 cells with Gdf15 knockdown and in isolated Gdf15 knockout mouse islets. In vivo, we found that Gdf15 deletion attenuates streptozotocin-induced diabetes by preserving beta cells and insulin levels. Moreover, deletion of Gdf15 significantly delayed diabetes development in spontaneous ER stress-prone Akita mice. Thus, our findings suggest that GDF15 contributes to ER stress-induced beta-cell apoptosis and that inhibition of GDF15 may represent a novel strategy to promote beta-cell survival and treat diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanlan Xu
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence: Guanlan Xu, PhD, Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1825 University Blvd, Shelby Bldg 1272, Birmingham, AL 35294-2182, USA. E-mail:
| | - Junqin Chen
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - SeongHo Jo
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Truman B Grayson
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sasanka Ramanadham
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Akio Koizumi
- Institute of Public Health and Social Welfare Public Interest Incorporation Associations, Kyoto Hokenkai, Ukyo-ku Kyoto 615-8577, Japan
| | - Emily L Germain-Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Connecticut Children’s Center for Rare Bone Disorders, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Se-Jin Lee
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Anath Shalev
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Rehman AU, Olsson PO, Akhtar A, Padhiar AA, Liu H, Dai Y, Gong Y, Zhou Y, Khan N, Yang H, Tang L. Systematic molecular analysis of the human secretome and membrane proteome in gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3329-3342. [PMID: 35488454 PMCID: PMC9189341 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The human secretome and membrane proteome are a large source of cancer biomarkers. Membrane‐bound and secreted proteins are promising targets for many clinically approved drugs, including for the treatment of tumours. Here, we report a deep systematic analysis of 957 adenocarcinomas of the oesophagus, stomach, colon and rectum to examine the cancer‐associated human secretome and membrane proteome of gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinomas (GIACs). Transcriptomic data from these GIACs were applied to an innovative majority decision‐based algorithm. We quantified significantly expressed protein‐coding genes. Interestingly, we found a consistent pattern in a small group of genes found to be overexpressed in GIACs, which were associated with a cytokine–cytokine interaction pathway (CCRI) in all four cancer subtypes. These CCRI associated genes, which spanned both one secretory and one membrane isoform were further analysed, revealing a putative biomarker, interleukin‐1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP), which indicated a poor overall survival, a positive correlation with cancer stemness and a negative correlation with several kinds of T cells. These results were further validated in vitro through the knockdown of IL1RAP in two human gastric carcinoma cell lines, which resulted in a reduced indication of cellular proliferation, migration and markers of invasiveness. Following IL1RAP silencing, RNA seq results showed a consistent pattern of inhibition related to CCRI, proliferation pathways and low infiltration of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD8 naive cells. The significance of the human secretome and membrane proteome is elucidated by these findings, which indicate IL1RAP as a potential candidate biomarker for cytokine‐mediated cancer immunotherapy in gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Ur Rehman
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Per Olof Olsson
- UAE Biotech Research Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Arshad Ahmed Padhiar
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hanyang Liu
- Charité-University Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Virchow Campus, and Molecular Cancer Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yi Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yu Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Naveed Khan
- CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojun Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Liming Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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Conte M, Giuliani C, Chiariello A, Iannuzzi V, Franceschi C, Salvioli S. GDF15, an emerging key player in human aging. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 75:101569. [PMID: 35051643 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is recently emerging not only as a stress-related mitokine, but also as a key player in the aging process, being one of the most up-regulated protein with age and associated with a variety of age-related diseases (ARDs). Many data indicate that GDF15 has protective roles in several tissues during different stress and aging, thus playing a beneficial role in apparent contrast with the observed association with many ARDs. A possible detrimental role for this protein is then hypothesized to emerge with age. Therefore, GDF15 can be considered as a pleiotropic factor with beneficial activities that can turn detrimental in old age possibly when it is chronically elevated. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the biology of GDF15 during aging. We also propose GDF15 as a part of a dormancy program, where it may play a role as a mediator of defense processes aimed to protect from inflammatory damage and other stresses, according to the life history theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Conte
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre "Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Cristina Giuliani
- Interdepartmental Centre "Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology & Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Chiariello
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Iannuzzi
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology & Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics, Lobachevsky University, Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre "Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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An Electrochemical and Raman Scattering Dual Detection Biosensor for Rapid Screening and Biomolecular Profiling of Cancer Biomarkers. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10030093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Detecting circulating biomarkers sensitively and quantitatively is paramount for cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment selection. Particularly, screening of a panel of circulating protein biomarkers followed by mapping of individual biomarkers could assist better diagnosis and understanding of the cancer progression mechanisms. Herein, we present a miniaturized biosensing platform with dual readout schemes (electrochemical and Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)) for rapid cancer screening and specific biomarker expressional profiling to support cancer management. Our approach utilizes a controlled nanomixing phenomena under alternative current electrohydrodynamic condition to improve the isolation of cancer-associated circulating proteins (i.e., Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), BRAF, Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)) with antibody functionalized sensor surface for rapid and efficient isolation of the targets and subsequent labelling with SERS nanotags. The method employs Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) for rapidly screening for the presence of the circulating proteins on biosensor surface irrespective of their type. Upon positive DPV detection, SERS is applied for sensitive read-out of individual biomarkers biomarker levels. In a proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate the dual detection biosensor for analysing circulating BRAF, EGFR and PDL-1 proteins and successfully screened both ensemble and individual biomarker expressional levels as low as 10 pg (1 ng/mL). Our findings clearly indicate the potential of the proposed method for cancer biomarker analysis which may drive the translation of this dual sensing concept in clinical settings.
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Sun Y, Qing Y, Chen Y. In Vivo Computing for Smart Tumor Targeting in Taxicab-Geometry Vasculature. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2022; 21:445-453. [PMID: 35130166 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2022.3149960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigates the tumor microenvironment regulated by densely interconnected capillaries, resulting in the distribution of tumor-induced biological gradient field (BGF) in taxicab-geometry vasculature (TGV). We aim to improve the efficiency of tumor targeting with the knowledge of BGF in TGV, which is facilitated by a swarm of magnetic nanorobots. An external system observes and records the nanorobot swarm (NS) reaction to the BGF. Then the NS is controlled to move toward the potential tumor location by an external magnetic field. In this way, the BGF formed under the constraint of TGV is the objective function to be optimized, where the tumor center corresponds to the maximum value. The high-risk tissue area is the domain of the objective function, while the NS plays the role of a computing agent. Subsequently, we propose the coordinate gradient descent (CGD) targeting strategy for NS steering. This strategy estimates the BGF in the direction perpendicular to the propagation direction of NS to improve the efficiency of tumor detection. In addition, it considers the limited lifespan of NS in vivo, where a memory step-size mechanism (MSM) is utilized to reduce the targeting time. We use computational experiments to show that the CGD strategy yields higher tumor-targeting probabilities than the brute-force search and the original gradient-descent-inspired targeting strategy for the BGF subject to TGV.
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Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 produced by melanoma cells contributes to melanoma tumor growth and metastasis in vivo by enhancing tumor vascularization. Melanoma Res 2022; 32:1-10. [PMID: 34939980 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1) has been reported to be elevated in various human cancers including melanoma; however, the function of MIC-1 in cancer remains unclear. In this study, we attempt to clarify the role of MIC-1 in tumor pathogenesis by employing the orthotopic B16F1 melanoma mouse model in which serum MIC-1 levels are positively correlated with tumor size. By stably transfecting a MIC-1 expression construct into B16F1 melanoma cells, we increased the expression and secretion levels of MIC-1. This increase in MIC-1 expression significantly enhanced the growth of tumors derived from B16F1 cells in vivo, despite not affecting in vitro cell growth. The elevated MIC-1 expression in B16F1 cells also resulted in lymph node metastasis in B16F1 tumor-bearing mice, significantly increasing mortality. Interestingly, among small melanoma tumors of similar size, tumors derived from the MIC-1-transfected B16F1 cells exhibited enhanced blood vessel formation compared with those of mock transfectant cells. Also, more MIC-1 was found in well-vascularized tumor regions than in poorly vascularized tumor regions. Moreover, conditioned medium (CM) of the MIC-1-transfected melanoma cells enhanced the angiogenic properties of endothelial cells more than CM of mock transfectant cells. Notably, hypoxic culture conditions forced parental B16F1 cells to secrete more endothelial cell-stimulating factors, among which the function of MIC-1 was confirmed by blocking the effects with an anti-MIC-1 antibody. Taken together, these results suggest that the MIC-1 produced by melanoma cells in response to oxygen deprivation promotes tumor vascularization during melanoma development in vivo, leading to enhanced tumor growth and metastasis.
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Anemia with elevation of growth differentiation factor-15 level in linezolid treated multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: Case series of three patients. IDCases 2022; 29:e01591. [PMID: 35957807 PMCID: PMC9358446 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Linezolid is now recommended as a first line drug for Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Previous studies reported hematologic toxicity as one of the main side effects. The mechanism of this toxicity is mitochondrial dysfunction, for which a biomarker is Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15). There is no previous report about GDF-15 and its association with hematologic toxicity from Linezolid in the treatment of MDR-TB. We present three cases of MDR-TB involving severe anemia associated with linezolid who had GDF-15 elevation. These cases highlight the need for more research into the relationship between GDF-15 and hematologic toxicity in MDR-TB patients treated with linezolid.
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