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Peng Y, Zhou L, Jin Y, Wu D, Chen N, Zhang C, Liu H, Li C, Ning R, Yang X, Mao Q, Liu J, Zhang P. Calcium bridges built by mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes: potential targets for neural repair in neurological diseases. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:3349-3369. [PMID: 39589178 PMCID: PMC11974651 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The exchange of information and materials between organelles plays a crucial role in regulating cellular physiological functions and metabolic levels. Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes serve as physical contact channels between the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and the mitochondrial outer membrane, formed by various proteins and protein complexes. This microstructural domain mediates several specialized functions, including calcium (Ca 2+ ) signaling, autophagy, mitochondrial morphology, oxidative stress response, and apoptosis. Notably, the dysregulation of Ca 2+ signaling mediated by mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. Certain proteins or protein complexes within these membranes directly or indirectly regulate the distance between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, as well as the transduction of Ca 2+ signaling. Conversely, Ca 2+ signaling mediated by mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes influences other mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane-associated functions. These functions can vary significantly across different neurological diseases-such as ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease-and their respective stages of progression. Targeted modulation of these disease-related pathways and functional proteins can enhance neurological function and promote the regeneration and repair of damaged neurons. Therefore, mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes-mediated Ca 2+ signaling plays a pivotal role in the pathological progression of neurological diseases and represents a significant potential therapeutic target. This review focuses on the effects of protein complexes in mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes and the distinct roles of mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes-mediated Ca 2+ signaling in neurological diseases, specifically highlighting the early protective effects and neuronal damage that can result from prolonged mitochondrial Ca 2+ overload or deficiency. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the various mechanisms of Ca 2+ signaling mediated by mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes in neurological diseases, contributing to the exploration of potential therapeutic targets for promoting neuroprotection and nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Peng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yaju Jin
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Danli Wu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Na Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Chengcai Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Hongpeng Liu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Chunlan Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Rong Ning
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xichen Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qiuyue Mao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- School of Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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Davis XC, McCoin CS, Morris EM, Allen J, Stierwalt HD, Franczak E, Queathem ED, Fulghum KL, Puchalska P, Crawford PA, Thyfault JP. Ketone body-supported respiration in murine isolated brain mitochondria is augmented by alpha-ketoglutarate and is optimized by neuronal SCOT expression. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2025; 328:E822-E832. [PMID: 40244822 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00058.2025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2025] [Revised: 03/05/2025] [Accepted: 04/03/2025] [Indexed: 04/19/2025]
Abstract
Ketone bodies are increasingly examined as an alternative fuel source for the known decreases in glucose utilization that occur with neurodegeneration. Here, we established a protocol to maximize ketone body respiration in isolated brain mitochondria, while quantifying acetyl-CoA and energy charge via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in control mice compared with mice with neuron-specific deletion of succinyl-CoA-3-oxoacid-CoA transferase (SCOT), required for CoA transfer from succinyl-CoA to acetoacetate (AcAc) to support its oxidation. Maximal ADP-dependent AcAc respiration occurred at 1 mM; however, the percent increase above basal was minimal (∼15%). Alpha-ketoglutarate (αKG) substantially increased AcAc-dependent respiration in isolated brain mitochondria, putatively through the generation of succinyl-CoA. Using mice with neuron-specific deletion of SCOT, we also examined brain mitochondrial respiration of AcAc and resulting acetyl CoA and energy charge (cellular energy availability via adenosine nucleotide ratios of ATP, ADP, and AMP). As expected, isolated brain mitochondria from SCOT-knockout (KO) mice had lower AcAc State 3 respiration than control mice. Surprisingly, we did not find differences in mitochondrial energy charge between SCOT control and neuron SCOT-KO mice despite decreased acetyl-CoA level in SCOT-KO mice when AcAc was used as the substrate. In conclusion, we show that αKG enhances ketone-supported respiration rate in isolated brain mitochondria and ketone metabolism in neurons affects acetyl-CoA level in brain mitochondria but not energy charge. Future work will determine whether diet, exercise, sex, or age impacts ketone-supported respiration rates in conjunction with differences in markers of brain health.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This paper established a protocol to maximize ketone body respiration in isolated brain mitochondria while quantifying acetyl-CoA and energy charge in control mice compared with mice with neuron-specific deletion of succinyl-CoA-3-oxoacid-CoA transferase (SCOT) enzyme, required for ketone body oxidation. Findings are that alpha-ketoglutarate substantially increased acetoacetate (AcAc)-dependent respiration and neuron SCOT-KO had lower AcAc state 3 respiration with a decreased acetyl-CoA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin C Davis
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Colin S McCoin
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
| | - E Matthew Morris
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
| | - Julie Allen
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Harrison D Stierwalt
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Edziu Franczak
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Eric D Queathem
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Kyle L Fulghum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Molecular Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Patrycja Puchalska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Molecular Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Peter A Crawford
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Molecular Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - John P Thyfault
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, KU Diabetes Institute, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Research Service, Kansas City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, Children Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
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Zu R, Lu H, Liu W, Shao S, Zheng J, Ying X, Zhou Y, Li Z, Wang W, Li D, Peng Q, Ma H, Zhang Z, Sun Y. Research Progress in the Molecular Mechanism of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Alzheimer's Disease and Regulation by Natural Plant Products. Mol Neurobiol 2025; 62:7296-7312. [PMID: 39875780 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-025-04715-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2025] [Indexed: 01/30/2025]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prominent neurodegenerative disorder affecting the central nervous system in the elderly. Current understanding of AD primarily centers on the gradual decline in cognitive and memory functions, believed to be influenced by factors including mitochondrial dysfunction, β-amyloid aggregation, and neuroinflammation. Emerging research indicates that neuroinflammation plays a significant role in the development of AD, with the inflammasome potentially mediating inflammatory responses that contribute to neurodegeneration. Recent studies in AD pathology have identified a novel form of inflammasome referred to as NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Pathological alterations closely associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation have been observed in the brain tissues of AD patients, transgenic mice, and in vitro neurocyte models. Numerous studies have demonstrated the potent neuroprotective properties of natural plant products (NPPs) against NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated AD pathology. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the NLRP3 inflammasome, its involvement in AD pathology, and the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of NPP targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runru Zu
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases With Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Hao Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Wanting Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Simai Shao
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases With Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Jiayao Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Xiran Ying
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Yangang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases With Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China
| | - Wang Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330052, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Dejuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China
| | - Quekun Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China.
| | - Huifen Ma
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases With Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Diseases With Chinese Medicine, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Yiran Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, PR China.
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Du Y, Duan C, Zhu X, Lyu M, Chen J, Wei Y, Hu Y. Visual Analysis of Research Hotspots and Trends on Mitochondria-Associated Membranes in the Past 20 Years-Focused on Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2025; 62:7144-7159. [PMID: 39964584 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-025-04722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025]
Abstract
The interaction between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum is mediated by mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs), which play a crucial role in regulating intracellular signal transduction and molecular interactions. This study employs bibliometric analysis to examine the research progress on MAMS and identify research hotspots and trends. A total of 1406 publications on MAMs were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection. Software such as CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Scimago Graphica were utilized in the bibliometric analysis process. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of over 20 years of MAM research, identifying the countries, institutions, authors, journals, and publications involved in the field. The number of publications on MAMs has been increasing annually since 2010, exhibiting a steady upward trend. The main contributors to this field are the USA, China, and Italy, with the journal Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology publishing the most publications. Common keywords include "endoplasmic reticulum stress," "Ca2 + ," "mitofusin2," "oxidative stress," "apoptosis," "autophagy," and "Alzheimer's disease." We found that the role of MAMs in neurodegenerative diseases has aroused great interest among researchers. The associations between calcium homeostasis, autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death with MAMs are also considered research hotspots and show broad research prospects. In addition, changes in MAM-resident proteins, including the mitochondria-ER tethering complex, Mfn2, and Sig-1R, have been highlighted as prominent research directions. The findings provide a comprehensive overview of research on MAMs and valuable insights for researchers, which is helpful for exploring future directions and trends in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Du
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenglin Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xueping Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Lyu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiafan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuanhui Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Ashkavand Z, Ryan KC, Laboy JT, Patel R, Geller B, Norman KR. Identification of presenilin mutations that have sufficient gamma-secretase proteolytic activity to mediate Notch signaling but disrupt organelle and neuronal health. Neurobiol Dis 2025; 212:106961. [PMID: 40404063 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2025.106961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2025] [Revised: 05/09/2025] [Accepted: 05/15/2025] [Indexed: 05/24/2025] Open
Abstract
Mutations that cause familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) are predominantly found in the presenilin (PSEN) encoding genes PSEN1 and PSEN2. While the association of PSEN mutations with familial AD have been known for over 20 years, the mechanism underlying the impact these mutations have on disease is not fully understood. PSENs are phylogenetically conserved proteins that are found in diverse multicellular organisms ranging from plants to humans. PSENs form the proteolytic core of gamma-secretase that is required for cleaving type I transmembrane proteins, such as Notch receptors and the amyloid precursor protein. Importantly, familial AD-associated PSEN mutations are broadly distributed and do not clearly define a specific PSEN function essential for neuronal fitness. Here, using C. elegans as a model organism to study the in vivo functions of PSENs, we confirm that C. elegans PSEN plays a pivotal role in gamma-secretase proteolytic activity as well as maintaining neuronal and organelle health. Notably, we demonstrate that these two functions can be genetically uncoupled. Our research identifies several conserved familial AD-like missense mutations in the endogenous sel-12 gene, which encodes C. elegans PSEN. These mutations preserve sufficient gamma-secretase proteolytic activity to mediate Notch signaling but abolish PSEN's role in supporting neuronal and organelle health. Furthermore, we provide evidence that these familial AD-like missense mutations disrupt mitochondrial calcium regulation, ultimately leading to neuronal dysfunction. These results indicate that C. elegans PSEN plays at least two independent roles: one that mediates gamma-secretase proteolytic activity and another that mediates organelle and neuronal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ashkavand
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, NY 12208, USA
| | - Kerry C Ryan
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, NY 12208, USA
| | - Jocelyn T Laboy
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, NY 12208, USA
| | - Ritika Patel
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, NY 12208, USA
| | - Brian Geller
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, NY 12208, USA
| | - Kenneth R Norman
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, NY 12208, USA.
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Kalkman HO, Smigielski L. Ceramides may Play a Central Role in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease: a Review of Evidence and Horizons for Discovery. Mol Neurobiol 2025:10.1007/s12035-025-04989-0. [PMID: 40295359 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-025-04989-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2025] [Accepted: 04/19/2025] [Indexed: 04/30/2025]
Abstract
While several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease, none have been entirely satisfactory. Both genetic and non-genetic risk factors, such as infections, metabolic disorders and psychological stress, contribute to this debilitating disease. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that ceramides may be central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Tumor necrosis factor-α, saturated fatty acids and cortisol elevate the brain levels of ceramides, while genetic risk factors, such as mutations in APP, presenilin, TREM2 and APOE ε4, also elevate ceramide synthesis. Importantly, ceramides displace sphingomyelin and cholesterol from lipid raft-like membrane patches that connect the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, disturbing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and energy production. As a consequence, the flattening of lipid rafts alters the function of γ-secretase, leading to increased production of Aβ42. Moreover, ceramides inhibit the insulin-signaling cascade via at least three mechanisms, resulting in the activation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 β. Activation of this kinase has multiple consequences, as it further deteriorates insulin resistance, promotes the transcription of BACE1, causes hyperphosphorylation of tau and inhibits the transcription factor Nrf2. Functional Nrf2 prevents apoptosis, mediates anti-inflammatory activity and improves blood-brain barrier function. Thus, various seemingly unrelated Alzheimer's disease risk factors converge on ceramide production, whereas the elevated levels of ceramides give rise to the well-known pathological features of Alzheimer's disease. Understanding and targeting these mechanisms may provide a promising foundation for the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans O Kalkman
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Lukasz Smigielski
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Bai P, Gomm A, Yoo CH, Mondal P, Lobo FM, Meng H, Zhou Y, Xie W, Wey HY, Tanzi RE, Zhang C, Wang C, Lan Y. Development of Carbon-11 Labeled Pyrimidine Derivatives as Novel Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Agents Enabling Brain Sigma-1 Receptor Imaging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2025:e2414827. [PMID: 40245194 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202414827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2025] [Indexed: 04/19/2025]
Abstract
The sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) is a stress-activated chaperone protein that has emerged as a significant therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disorders. Developing effective positron emission tomography (PET) imaging probes targeting σ1R is crucial for visualizing its distribution and function in the brain, as well as facilitating related drug development. In this study, two novel 11C-labeled PET probes based on the structure of a potent σ1R ligand Lan-0101 are designed and synthesized. PET imaging studies in mice reveal that [11C]CNY-01 exhibits good brain uptake and binding specificity. Subsequent evaluation in non-human primates further demonstrates that [11C]CNY-01 displays favorable brain penetration, slow clearance kinetics, and characteristics of irreversible binding to its target in blockage experiments. To assess the clinical potential of the probe, both in vitro experiments and in vivo PET imaging using [11C]CNY-01 are conducted in Alzheimer's disease (AD) transgenic mouse models. These studies reveal a significant decrease in σ1R expression in the brain under conditions of AD amyloid pathology and microglial activation, highlighting the probe's sensitivity to disease-related receptor changes. This work establishes [11C]CNY-01 as a promising tool for investigating the relationship between σ1R and neurological disorders, potentially advancing the understanding of σ1R's role in disease pathophysiology and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Bai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ashley Gomm
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 114 16th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Chi-Hyeon Yoo
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Prasenjit Mondal
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 114 16th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Fleur Marie Lobo
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 114 16th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Hui Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yanting Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Weiyao Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Hsiao-Ying Wey
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 114 16th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Can Zhang
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 114 16th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Changning Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Yu Lan
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
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Yu W, Li Y, Li Y, Hu J, Wu J, Chen X, Huang Y, Shi X. Connexin43 Contributes to Alzheimer's Disease by Promoting the Mitochondria-Associated Membrane-Related Autophagy Inhibition. Mol Neurobiol 2025; 62:4319-4337. [PMID: 39438345 PMCID: PMC11880138 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04536-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
The perturbed structure and function of mitochondria-associated membranes (MAM), instead of the amyloid cascade, have been gradually proposed to play a basic role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Notably, autophagy inhibition is one of the main mechanisms of MAM dysfunction and plays an important role in neuronal injury. However, the upstream molecular mechanism underlying the MAM dysfunctions remains elusive. Here, we defined an unexpected and critical role of connexin43 (Cx43) in regulating the MAM structure. The expression levels of Cx43 and mitofusin-2 (MFN2, the MAM biomarker) increase significantly in 9-month-old APPswe/PS1dE9 double-transgenic AD model mice, and there is an obvious colocalization relationship. Moreover, both AD mice and cells lacking Cx43 exhibit an evident reduction in the MAM contact sites, which subsequently promotes the conversion from microtubule-associated protein 1 light-chain 3B I (LC3B-I) to LC3B-II via inhibition mTOR-dependent pathway and then initiates the generation of autophagosomes. Autophagosome formation ultimately promotes β-amyloid (Aβ) clearance and attenuates Aβ-associated pathological changes in AD, mainly including astrogliosis and neuronal apoptosis. Our findings not only reveal a previously unrecognized effect of Cx43 on MAM upregulation but also highlight the major player of MAM-induced autophagy inhibition in Cx43-facilitated AD pathogenesis, providing a novel insight into the alternative therapeutic strategies for the early treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Futian District, 1120 Lianhua Road, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Yunong Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Futian District, 1120 Lianhua Road, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Futian District, 1120 Lianhua Road, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Futian District, 1120 Lianhua Road, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Futian District, 1120 Lianhua Road, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Xuhui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Futian District, 1120 Lianhua Road, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Yining Huang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku Street Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Futian District, 1120 Lianhua Road, Shenzhen, 518036, China.
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9
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Zhuang Z, Huang S, Zhang X, Han X, Hua M, Liang Z, Lou N, Lv L, Zheng F, Zhang L, Liu X, Yu S, Chen S, Zhuang X. Lipin1 ameliorates cognitive ability of diabetic encephalopathy via regulating Ca 2+ transfer through mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Int Immunopharmacol 2025; 150:114266. [PMID: 39961213 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2025.114266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2025] [Accepted: 02/06/2025] [Indexed: 03/03/2025]
Abstract
Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a common central nervous system complication resulting from diabetes mellitus (DM). While the exact pathogenesis remains unclear, a homeostatic imbalance of mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAMs) within neurons has been shown to be closely associated with the dysfunctional cognitive pathology of this condition. Our previous work has revealed that phosphatidate phosphatase Lipin1 plays a critical role in the cognitive processes of DE via regulating mitochondrial function. In this study, we reported that the integrity of neuronal MAMs was disrupted in DE mice, which was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of hippocampal Lipin1. With a knock-down of hippocampal Lipin1 in normal mice, ER stress was induced, MAMs structures were impaired and Ca2+ transfer was suppressed. Such effects resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic plasticity impairments, and finally cognitive dysfunctions. In contrast, an up-regulation of hippocampal Lipin1 in the DE model partially alleviated these dysfunctions. These results suggest that Lipin1 may ameliorate the cognitive dysfunctions associated with DE via regulating Ca2+ transfers through MAMs. Therefore, targeting Lipin1 may serve as a therapeutic strategy for the clinical treatment of DE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyun Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Heze Medical College, Heze 274009, China
| | - Xiaolin Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Mengyu Hua
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Zhonghao Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Nengjun Lou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China; Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology of the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Li Lv
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China; Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology of the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Fengjie Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China; Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology of the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China; Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology of the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China.
| | - Shuyan Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Shihong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China; Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology of the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China.
| | - Xianghua Zhuang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China; Multidisciplinary Innovation Center for Nephrology of the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China.
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10
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Mousavi SE, Yu J, Shin HM. Exploring the neurodegenerative potential of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances through an adverse outcome pathway network. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2025; 969:178972. [PMID: 40022984 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2025] [Revised: 02/21/2025] [Accepted: 02/23/2025] [Indexed: 03/04/2025]
Abstract
While emerging evidence links per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to neurotoxicity, their potential role in neurodegeneration remains poorly understood. Moreover, existing neurodegeneration-related adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) available on AOP-Wiki have not yet been integrated into a unified network. To address these gaps, this study aims to develop the first neurodegeneration-related AOP network and utilize it to explore the possible contributions of long-chain legacy PFAS to neurodegeneration, specifically concerning Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. A total of 74 AOPs were screened from AOP-Wiki, of which 13 neurodegeneration-related AOPs met the eligibility criteria and were incorporated into a network. We analyzed the resulting AOP network using topological parameters such as in-degree, out-degree, eccentricity, and betweenness centrality. To elucidate the mechanistic contributions of PFAS exposure to neurodegenerative pathways, we integrated evidence linking PFAS exposure to key events (KEs) within the network. The results highlighted increased intracellular calcium as the network hub with the highest connectivity followed by critical KEs such as neurodegeneration, neuronal apoptosis, oxidative stress, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) overactivation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Consistent with toxicological evidence, the pathways highlighted by the AOP network indicate that PFAS may adversely affect neurotransmitter systems, particularly through NMDA-R overactivation, leading to excitotoxicity. This may result in calcium dyshomeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory-oxidative cascades, neuroinflammation, and neuronal cell death. By providing a mechanistic basis for understanding the neurodegenerative potential of PFAS, this study offers a crucial framework for assessing the risks associated with these chemicals which may inform future regulatory measures and public health strategies. Further experimental validation is needed to confirm the mechanistic contributions of PFAS exposure in neurodegeneration, particularly in animal models or human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Esmaeil Mousavi
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Jimmy Yu
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Hyeong-Moo Shin
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
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11
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Blair K, Martinez-Serra R, Gosset P, Martín-Guerrero SM, Mórotz GM, Atherton J, Mitchell JC, Markovinovic A, Miller CCJ. Structural and functional studies of the VAPB-PTPIP51 ER-mitochondria tethering proteins in neurodegenerative diseases. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2025; 13:49. [PMID: 40045432 PMCID: PMC11881430 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-025-01964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2025] [Indexed: 03/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Signaling between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria regulates many of the seemingly disparate physiological functions that are damaged in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). A number of studies have now demonstrated that ER-mitochondria signaling is perturbed in these diseases and there is evidence that this may be a driving mechanism in disease onset and progression. VAPB and PTPIP51 are ER-mitochondria tethering proteins; VAPB is an ER protein and PTPIP51 is an outer mitochondrial membrane protein and the two proteins interact to enable inter-organelle signaling. The VAPB-PTPIP51 interaction is disrupted in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, FTD and ALS. Here we review the roles of VAPB and PTPIP51 in ER-mitochondria signaling and the mechanisms by which neurodegenerative disease insults may disrupt the VAPB-PTPIP51 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Blair
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England, U.K
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, England, U.K
| | - Raquel Martinez-Serra
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England, U.K
| | - Philippe Gosset
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England, U.K
| | - Sandra M Martín-Guerrero
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England, U.K
| | - Gábor M Mórotz
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England, U.K
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, H-1089, Hungary
| | - Joseph Atherton
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, England, U.K
| | - Jacqueline C Mitchell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England, U.K
| | - Andrea Markovinovic
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England, U.K..
| | - Christopher C J Miller
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England, U.K..
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12
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Liu X, Li T, Tu X, Xu M, Wang J. Mitochondrial fission and fusion in neurodegenerative diseases:Ca 2+ signalling. Mol Cell Neurosci 2025; 132:103992. [PMID: 39863029 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2025.103992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2024] [Revised: 01/10/2025] [Accepted: 01/16/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a group of disorders characterized by the progressive loss of neuronal structure and function. The pathogenesis is intricate and involves a network of interactions among multiple causes and systems. Mitochondria and Ca2+ signaling have long been considered to play important roles in the development of various NDs. Mitochondrial fission and fusion dynamics are important processes of mitochondrial quality control, ensuring the stability of mitochondrial structure and function. Mitochondrial fission and fusion imbalance and Ca2+ signaling disorders can aggravate the disease progression of NDs. In this review, we explore the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and Ca2+ signaling in AD, PD, ALS, and HD, focusing on the roles of key regulatory proteins (Drp1, Fis1, Mfn1/2, and Opa1) and the association structures between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (MERCs/MAMs). We provide a detailed analysis of their involvement in the pathogenesis of these four NDs. By integrating these mechanisms, we aim to clarify their contributions to disease progression and offer insights into the development of therapeutic strategies that target mitochondrial dynamics and Ca2+ signaling. We also examine the progress in drug research targeting these pathways, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets in the treatment of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Tianjiao Li
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Xinya Tu
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Mengying Xu
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Jianwu Wang
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China.
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13
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Kichuk T, Avalos JL. Shape Matters: The Utility and Analysis of Altered Yeast Mitochondrial Morphology in Health, Disease, and Biotechnology. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:2152. [PMID: 40076772 PMCID: PMC11899761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26052152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2025] [Accepted: 01/30/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are involved in a wide array of critical cellular processes from energy production to cell death. The morphology (size and shape) of mitochondrial compartments is highly responsive to both intracellular and extracellular conditions, making these organelles highly dynamic. Nutrient levels and stressors both inside and outside the cell inform the balance of mitochondrial fission and fusion and the recycling of mitochondrial components known as mitophagy. The study of mitochondrial morphology and its implications in human disease and microbial engineering have gained significant attention over the past decade. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae offers a valuable model system for studying mitochondria due to its ability to survive without respiring, its genetic tractability, and the high degree of mitochondrial similarity across eukaryotic species. Here, we review how the interplay between mitochondrial fission, fusion, biogenesis, and mitophagy regulates the dynamic nature of mitochondrial networks in both yeast and mammalian systems with an emphasis on yeast as a model organism. Additionally, we examine the crucial role of inter-organelle interactions, particularly between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, in regulating mitochondrial dynamics. The dysregulation of any of these processes gives rise to abnormal mitochondrial morphologies, which serve as the distinguishing features of numerous diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. Notably, yeast models have contributed to revealing the underlying mechanisms driving these human disease states. In addition to furthering our understanding of pathologic processes, aberrant yeast mitochondrial morphologies are of increasing interest to the seemingly distant field of metabolic engineering, following the discovery that compartmentalization of certain biosynthetic pathways within mitochondria can significantly improve chemical production. In this review, we examine the utility of yeast as a model organism to study mitochondrial morphology in both healthy and pathologic states, explore the nascent field of mitochondrial morphology engineering, and discuss the methods available for the quantification and classification of these key mitochondrial morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese Kichuk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - José L. Avalos
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Omenn-Darling Bioengineering Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- The Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- High Meadows Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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14
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Chen H, Han Z, Wang S, Zhu M, Wang L, Lin Y, Wang X, Zhang Y, Wang W, Li M, Liu X, Mann S, Huang X. Droplet-supported liquid-liquid lateral phase separation as a step to floating protein heterostructures. Nat Commun 2025; 16:1897. [PMID: 39988593 PMCID: PMC11847946 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-57141-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2025] [Indexed: 02/25/2025] Open
Abstract
Liquid-liquid phase separation plays an important role in many natural and technological processes. Herein, we implement lateral microphase separation at the surface of oil micro-droplets suspended in water to prepare a range of discrete floating protein/polymer continuous two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures with variable interfacial domain structures and dynamics. We show that gel-like domains of bovine serum albumin (BSA) co-exist with fluid-like polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) regions at the oil droplet surface to produce floating heterostructures comprising a 2D phase-separated protein mesh or an array of discrete mobile protein rafts depending on the conditions employed. Enzymes are embedded in the discontinuous BSA domains to produce droplet-supported microphase-separated 2D reaction scaffolds that can be tuned for interfacial catalysis. Taken together, our work has general implications for the structural and functional augmentation of oil droplet interfaces and contributes to the surface engineering and functionality of droplet-based micro-reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixu Chen
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Zhengbin Han
- HIT Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Shengliang Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Mei Zhu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Youping Lin
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yide Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Mei Li
- Max Planck Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology, Centre for Protolife Research and Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Xiaoman Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Stephen Mann
- Max Planck Bristol Centre for Minimal Biology, Centre for Protolife Research and Centre for Organized Matter Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
| | - Xin Huang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
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15
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Liu H, Jiang Y, Cong L, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Pan X, Liu S, Wang R, Cao X. Intranasal insulin administration affecting perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction by regulating calcium transport protein complex IP3R/GRP75/VDAC1 on MAMs. Free Radic Biol Med 2025; 228:240-250. [PMID: 39761768 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2025.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Revised: 12/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2025] [Indexed: 01/11/2025]
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) are common complications following surgery and anesthesia, especially in the elderly. These disorders are associated with disruptions in neuronal energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. This study explores the potential of intranasal insulin administration as a therapeutic strategy to prevent PND by targeting the calcium transport protein complex IP3R/GRP75/VDAC1 on mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs). METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice underwent partial hepatectomy to induce PND and were subsequently treated with either intranasal insulin or saline. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Morris water maze test, and hippocampal tissue was analyzed for calcium transport protein complex IP3R/GRP75/VDAC1 expression and apoptosis markers. In vitro, HT22 and BV2 cell co-cultures were utilized to simulate surgical injury, with IP3R knockdown employed to assess its effects on oxidative stress and apoptosis. RESULTS Intranasal insulin effectively alleviated cognitive impairment as demonstrated by improved performance in the Morris water maze. It significantly reduced neuronal apoptosis and modulated the expression of the IP3R/GRP75/VDAC1 complex, enhancing mitochondrial ATP production and stabilizing MAMs. Furthermore, insulin administration also increased PI3K/AKT signaling, counteracting the impact of surgical stress. In vitro experiments confirmed that IP3R knockdown mitigated inflammation-induced oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis, while insulin's beneficial effects were blocked by inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway. CONCLUSION Intranasal insulin mitigates PND by modulating the IP3R/GRP75/VDAC1 complex and enhancing mitochondrial function through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This study supports the potential of intranasal insulin as a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing and managing PND, potentially leading to improved surgical outcomes for elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanhua Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lianhui Cong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongjian Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sidan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Renyi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuezhao Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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16
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Cheng G, Chang J, Ke S, Dai Z, Gong D, Gong H, Zhou W. The inter-organelle cross-talk finely orchestrated in the amyloidogenic processing of amyloid precursor protein in dendritic arborization neurons of Drosophila. Theranostics 2025; 15:2951-2966. [PMID: 40083942 PMCID: PMC11898278 DOI: 10.7150/thno.104345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2025] [Indexed: 03/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Background: Organelles in neuronal dendrites facilitate local metabolic processes and energy supply, crucial for dendrite development and neurodegenerative diseases. The distinct functions of dendritic organelles have been well studied, however, their crosstalk under physiological and pathological contexts remains elusive. We aimed to establish an in vivo model system of contacts between multi-organelles for investigating the modulation of inter-organelle crosstalk in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: A dendrite model of organelle contacts was developed in Drosophila neurons using a set of proximity-driven probes and four-color Airyscan super-resolution imaging. The systematic modulations among multiple contact sites (CSs) between organelles were examined by manipulating CS tethers and vesicular transporters. Finally, perturbations of these CSs and the dendrite structure in the amyloidogenic processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) were evaluated by introducing three stages of the processing in this model system. Results: A dynamic network, interconnected via CSs and organized with multi-organelle contacts, was presented among Golgi outposts, the endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, and mitochondria (GELM). The CS modulations were found to encompass both their density and motility. Notably, multi-CSs participated in complementary modulations spanning across different cellular pathways. Furthermore, the CS network was revealed to be progressively disturbed in APP amyloidogenic processing, with upregulations in density and motility extending from single- to multi-CSs. These CS perturbations, along with defects in dendrite structural plasticity, could be partially rescued by knocking down Miro. Conclusion: The elucidation of CS modulation modes in the GELM network model reveals a cascaded dysregulation of organelle crosstalk during APP amyloidogenic processing. It expands the mechanisms of inter-organelle communication and provides novel insights into neurodegeneration in AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Cheng
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jin Chang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shanshan Ke
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zimin Dai
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Deyong Gong
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou 215123, China
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17
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Kasi A, Steidl W, Kumar V. Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Crosstalk in Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy: Current Status and Future Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2025; 26:894. [PMID: 39940664 PMCID: PMC11817211 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26030894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2025] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is a progressive and debilitating disorder of the corneal endothelium (CE) that affects approximately 4% of individuals over the age of 40. Despite the burden of the disease, the pathogenesis of FECD remains poorly understood, and treatment options are limited, highlighting the need for deeper investigation into its underlying molecular mechanisms. Over the past decade, studies have indicated independent contributions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial stress to the pathogenesis of FECD. However, there are limited studies suggesting ER-mitochondria crosstalk in FECD. Recently, our lab established the role of chronic ER stress in inducing mitochondrial dysfunction for corneal endothelial cells (CEnCs), indicating the existence of ER-mitochondria crosstalk in FECD. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of how ER and mitochondrial stress contribute to FECD pathogenesis. The paper also reviews the literature on the mechanisms of ER-mitochondria crosstalk in other diseases relevant to FECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anisha Kasi
- Eye and Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA; (A.K.); (W.S.)
| | - William Steidl
- Eye and Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA; (A.K.); (W.S.)
| | - Varun Kumar
- Eye and Vision Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, USA; (A.K.); (W.S.)
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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18
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Wang M, Zhang H, Liang J, Huang J, Wu T, Chen N. Calcium signaling hypothesis: A non-negligible pathogenesis in Alzheimer's disease. J Adv Res 2025:S2090-1232(25)00026-8. [PMID: 39793962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2025.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2024] [Revised: 11/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2025] [Indexed: 01/13/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a significant challenge to global healthcare systems, with an exacerbation by an aging population. Although the plethora of hypotheses are proposed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of AD, from amyloid-beta (Aβ) accumulation and Tau protein aggregation to neuroinflammation, a comprehensive understanding of its pathogenesis remains elusive. Recent research has highlighted the critical role of calcium (Ca2+) signaling pathway in the progression of AD, indicating a complex interplay between Ca2+ dysregulation and various pathological processes. AIM OF REVIEW This review aims to consolidate the current understanding of the role of Ca2+ signaling dysregulation in AD, thus emphasizing its central role amidst various pathological hypotheses. We aim to evaluate the potential of the Ca2+ signaling hypothesis to unify existing theories of AD pathogenesis and explore its implications for developing innovative therapeutic strategies through targeting Ca2+ dysregulation. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW The review focuses on three principal concepts. First, the indispensable role of Ca2+ homeostasis in neuronal function and its disruption in AD. Second, the interaction between Ca2+ signaling dysfunction and established AD hypotheses posited that Ca2+ dysregulation is a unifying pathway. Third, the dual role of Ca2+ in neurodegeneration and neuroprotection, highlighting the nuanced effects of Ca2+ levels on AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Wang
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jiling Liang
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jielun Huang
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Ning Chen
- Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods, Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and Monitoring, College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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19
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Hossain MK, Chae HJ. Calcium balance through mutual orchestrated inter-organelle communication: A pleiotropic target for combating Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2025; 182:105905. [PMID: 39566580 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 11/15/2024] [Accepted: 11/17/2024] [Indexed: 11/22/2024]
Abstract
Dysfunctional intraneuronal organelles in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) propel aberrant calcium handling, triggering molecular miscommunication within organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and lysosomes. This disruption in organelle function not only impairs cellular homeostasis but also exacerbates neurodegenerative processes involving the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau, amplifying the disease's vicious cycle. In this review, the concept of Mutual Orchestrated Inter-organelle Communication (MOIC) proposes potential therapeutic avenues for restoring Ca2+ homeostasis in AD, offering a theoretical framework for developing disease-modifying treatments. The intricate nature of AD necessitates a shift towards combination therapies targeting MOIC-associated pathways, presenting a more effective approach than monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Han Jung Chae
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Navarro E, Montesinos J. Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes in Microglia: One Contact Site to Rule Them all. CONTACT (THOUSAND OAKS (VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.)) 2025; 8:25152564241312807. [PMID: 39881949 PMCID: PMC11775980 DOI: 10.1177/25152564241312807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 12/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2025]
Abstract
Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by monitoring and responding to environmental changes through processes such as phagocytosis, cytokine production or synapse remodeling. Their dynamic nature and diverse functions are supported by the regulation of multiple metabolic pathways, enabling microglia to efficiently adapt to fluctuating signals. A key aspect of this regulation occurs at mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAM), specialized contact sites between the ER and mitochondria. These structures facilitate the exchange of calcium, lipids, and metabolites and serve as metabolic and signaling hubs. This review synthesizes current research on how MAM influence microglial physiology, with an emphasis on their role in immunometabolism, offering new insights into the integration of metabolic and immune functions in the CNS and its impact in the context of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Neurochemistry Research Institute, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Montesinos
- Department of Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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21
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Zhao XY, Xu DE, Wu ML, Liu JC, Shi ZL, Ma QH. Regulation and function of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:6-20. [PMID: 38767472 PMCID: PMC11246128 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum, a key cellular organelle, regulates a wide variety of cellular activities. Endoplasmic reticulum autophagy, one of the quality control systems of the endoplasmic reticulum, plays a pivotal role in maintaining endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis by controlling endoplasmic reticulum turnover, remodeling, and proteostasis. In this review, we briefly describe the endoplasmic reticulum quality control system, and subsequently focus on the role of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy, emphasizing the spatial and temporal mechanisms underlying the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy according to cellular requirements. We also summarize the evidence relating to how defective or abnormal endoplasmic reticulum autophagy contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. In summary, this review highlights the mechanisms associated with the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy and how they influence the pathophysiology of degenerative nerve disorders. This review would help researchers to understand the roles and regulatory mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum-phagy in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Yun Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Neuroscience & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - De-En Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ming-Lei Wu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Neuroscience & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ji-Chuan Liu
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Neuroscience & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zi-Ling Shi
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Neuroscience & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Quan-Hong Ma
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Institute of Neuroscience & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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22
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Larrañaga-SanMiguel A, Bengoa-Vergniory N, Flores-Romero H. Crosstalk between mitochondria-ER contact sites and the apoptotic machinery as a novel health meter. Trends Cell Biol 2025; 35:33-45. [PMID: 39379268 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2024.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites (MERCS) function as transient signaling platforms that regulate essential cellular functions. MERCS are enriched in specific proteins and lipids that connect mitochondria and the ER together and modulate their activities. Dysregulation of MERCS is associated with several human pathologies including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and cancer. BCL-2 family proteins can locate at MERCS and control essential cellular functions such as calcium signaling and autophagy in addition to their role in mitochondrial apoptosis. Moreover, the BCL-2-mediated apoptotic machinery was recently found to trigger cGAS-STING pathway activation and a proinflammatory response, a recognized hallmark of these diseases that requires mitochondria-ER interplay. This review underscores the pivotal role of MERCS in regulating essential cellular functions, focusing on their crosstalk with BCL-2 family proteins, and discusses how their dysregulation is linked to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nora Bengoa-Vergniory
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain; Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre and Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK; Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Hector Flores-Romero
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
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23
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Tonelli E, Malecka J, Barberis E, Romano C, Pessolano E, Talmon M, Genazzani AA, Casali C, Biggiogera M, Manfredi M, Tapella L, Lim D, Dematteis G. Remodelling of Cellular Protein Homeostasis by Enhanced ER-Mitochondrial Tethering. CONTACT (THOUSAND OAKS (VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.)) 2025; 8:25152564251329704. [PMID: 40177215 PMCID: PMC11963730 DOI: 10.1177/25152564251329704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 12/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2025] [Indexed: 04/05/2025]
Abstract
Alterations of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondrial interaction have been associated with different pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by dysregulation of protein homeostasis. However, little is known about how enhanced ER-mitochondrial tethering affects cellular proteostatic machinery. Here, we transiently overexpressed synthetic ER-mitochondrial linkers (EMLs), stabilizing the ER-mitochondrial distance at ≤5 nm (denominated as 5 nm-EML) and ∼10 nm (10 nm-EML), in HeLa cells. No alterations were found in cell growth, although metabolic activity and total ATP were significantly reduced. In EML-expressing cells, global protein synthesis was significantly reduced, accompanied by a reduction of total PERK and eIF2α protein levels, but increased p-eIF2α. Unfolded protein response (UPR) markers ATF4 and ATF6 were upregulated, suggesting that enhanced ER-mitochondrial tethering deranges protein synthesis and induces a low-grade ER stress/UPR. To further investigate ER-mitochondrial tethering-induced protein dyshomeostasis, we performed shotgun mass spectrometry proteomics followed by bioinformatic analysis. Analysis of highly changed proteins and the most significantly overrepresented gene ontology (GO) terms revealed that ≤5 nm tethering preferentially affected the expression of proteins involved in RNA processing and splicing and proteasomal protein degradation, while ∼10 nm tethering preferentially affected protein translation. Both EMLs affected expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics and metabolism, defense against oxidative stress, ER protein homeostasis, signaling and secretion. Finally, lipidomic analysis suggests that 5 nm-EML and 10 nm-EML differentially affect lipid homeostasis. Altogether, our results suggest that enhanced ER-mitochondrial tethering leads to a profound remodeling of cellular protein homeostasis, which may play a key role in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tonelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Justyna Malecka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Elettra Barberis
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Camilla Romano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pessolano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Maria Talmon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Armando A Genazzani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | | | - Marcello Manfredi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Laura Tapella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Dmitry Lim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Dematteis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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24
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Zhuang X, Lin J, Song Y, Ban R, Zhao X, Xia Z, Wang Z, Zhang G. The Interplay Between Accumulation of Amyloid-Beta and Tau Proteins, PANoptosis, and Inflammation in Alzheimer's Disease. Neuromolecular Med 2024; 27:2. [PMID: 39751702 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-024-08815-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 11/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and the vast majority of cases occur in elderly patients. Recently, the accumulation of Aβ and tau proteins has drawn considerable attention in AD research. This review explores the multifaceted interactions between these proteins and their contribution to the pathological landscape of AD, encompassing synaptic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and PANoptosis. PANoptosis is a collective term for programmed cell death (PCD) modalities that encompass elements of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis. The accumulation of Aβ peptides and tau proteins, along with the immune response in brain cells, may trigger PANoptosis, thus advancing the progression of the disease. Recent advancements in molecular imaging and genetics have provided deeper insights into the interactions between Aβ peptides, tau proteins, and the immune response. The review also discusses the role of mitochondrial dysregulation in AD. The exploration of the interplay between neurodegeneration, immune responses, and cell death offers promising avenues for the development of innovative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbo Zhuang
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Jie Lin
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yamin Song
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Ru Ban
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Zhangyong Xia
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, 252000, China.
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- Department of Neurology, the Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Liaocheng, 252000, China.
| | - Guifeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Liaocheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Liaocheng, 252000, China.
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25
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García Casas P, Rossini M, Påvénius L, Saeed M, Arnst N, Sonda S, Fernandes T, D'Arsiè I, Bruzzone M, Berno V, Raimondi A, Sassano ML, Naia L, Barbieri E, Sigismund S, Agostinis P, Sturlese M, Niemeyer BA, Brismar H, Ankarcrona M, Gautier A, Pizzo P, Filadi R. Simultaneous detection of membrane contact dynamics and associated Ca 2+ signals by reversible chemogenetic reporters. Nat Commun 2024; 15:9775. [PMID: 39532847 PMCID: PMC11557831 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52985-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Membrane contact sites (MCSs) are hubs allowing various cell organelles to coordinate their activities. The dynamic nature of these sites and their small size hinder analysis by current imaging techniques. To overcome these limitations, we here design a series of reversible chemogenetic reporters incorporating improved, low-affinity variants of splitFAST, and study the dynamics of different MCSs at high spatiotemporal resolution, both in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that these versatile reporters suit different experimental setups well, allowing one to address challenging biological questions. Using these probes, we identify a pathway in which calcium (Ca2+) signalling dynamically regulates endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria juxtaposition, characterizing the underlying mechanism. Finally, by integrating Ca2+-sensing capabilities into the splitFAST technology, we introduce PRINCESS (PRobe for INterorganelle Ca2+-Exchange Sites based on SplitFAST), a class of reporters to simultaneously detect MCSs and measure the associated Ca2+ dynamics using a single biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma García Casas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Unidad de Excelencia Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), University of Valladolid and CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Michela Rossini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Padua, Italy
| | - Linnea Påvénius
- Science for Life Laboratory,, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mezida Saeed
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nikita Arnst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Sonia Sonda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Padua, Italy
| | - Tânia Fernandes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Irene D'Arsiè
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Bruzzone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Valeria Berno
- ALEMBIC, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Raimondi
- ALEMBIC, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, CH-6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Maria Livia Sassano
- Cell Death Research and Therapy lab, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Center for Cancer Biology-VIB, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luana Naia
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Sara Sigismund
- IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research and Therapy lab, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Center for Cancer Biology-VIB, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mattia Sturlese
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Hjalmar Brismar
- Science for Life Laboratory,, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Ankarcrona
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arnaud Gautier
- Sorbonne Université, École Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Paola Pizzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Padua, Italy.
- Centro Studi per la Neurodegenerazione (CESNE), University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Filadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council (CNR), Padua, Italy.
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26
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Bai Y, Zhou Z, Han B, Xiang X, Huang W, Yao H. Revisiting astrocytic calcium signaling in the brain. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 4:1365-1374. [PMID: 39734522 PMCID: PMC11670731 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes, characterized by complex spongiform morphology, participate in various physiological processes, and abnormal changes in their calcium (Ca2+) signaling are implicated in central nervous system disorders. However, medications targeting the control of Ca2+ have fallen short of the anticipated therapeutic outcomes in clinical applications. This underscores the fact that our comprehension of this intricate regulation of calcium ions remains considerably incomplete. In recent years, with the advancement of Ca2+ labeling, imaging, and analysis techniques, Ca2+ signals have been found to exhibit high specificity at different spatial locations within the intricate structure of astrocytes. This has ushered the study of Ca2+ signaling in astrocytes into a new phase, leading to several groundbreaking research achievements. Despite this, the comprehensive understanding of astrocytic Ca2+ signaling and their implications remains challenging area for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhongqiu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xianyuan Xiang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Molecular Physiology, CIPMM, University of Saarland, Homburg 66421, Germany
| | - Honghong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjig Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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27
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Qi LFR, Liu Y, Liu S, Xiang L, Liu Z, Liu Q, Zhao JQ, Xu X. Phillyrin promotes autophagosome formation in A53T-αSyn-induced Parkinson's disease model via modulation of REEP1. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 134:155952. [PMID: 39178680 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The preservation of autophagosome formation presents a promising strategy for tackling neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAM) serve not only as a focal point linked to various neurological disorders but also play a crucial role in supporting the biogenesis of autophagosomes. PURPOSE This investigation aimed to elucidate the neuroprotective properties of phillyrin against PD and its underlying mechanisms in promoting autophagosome formation. METHODS ER and mitochondria co-localization was assessed via fluorescent staining. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) fluorescence was employed to quantify accessible cardiolipin (CL) on mitochondrial surfaces. The levels of CL within the MAM fraction of SH-SY5Y cells were evaluated using a CL probe assay kit. Monodansylcadaverine staining was utilized to detect autophagosome formation in SH-SY5Y cells. In an A53T-alpha-synuclein (αSyn)-induced PD mouse model, the anti-PD properties of phillyrin were assessed using open field, pole climbing, and rotarod tests, as well as immunohistochemistry staining of TH+ neurons in the brain sections. RESULTS In A53T-αSyn-treated SH-SY5Y cells, phillyrin facilitated autophagosome formation by suppressing CL externalization and restoring MAM integrity. Phillyrin enhanced the localization of receptor expression-enhancing protein 1 (REEP1) within MAM and mitochondria, bolstering MAM formation. Increased REEP1 levels in mitochondria, attributed to phillyrin, enhanced the interaction between REEP1 and NDPK-D, thereby reducing CL externalization. Furthermore, phillyrin exhibited a dose-dependent enhancement of motor function in mice, accompanied by an increase in the abundance of dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra. CONCLUSIONS These findings illuminate phillyrin's ability to enhance MAM formation through upregulation of REEP1 expression within MAM, while concurrently attenuating CL externalization via the REEP1-NDPK-D interaction. These mechanisms bolster autophagosome biogenesis, offering resilience against A53T-αSyn-induced PD. Thus, our study advances the understanding of phillyrin's complex mechanisms and underscores its potential as a therapeutic approach for PD, opening new avenues in natural product pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Feng-Rong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Yuci Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision, and Brain Health) & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision, and Brain Health) & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lin Xiang
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Institute, Jiangsu Yifengrong Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision, and Brain Health) & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qingling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Jin-Quan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision, and Brain Health) & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China; Center for Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine Target and New Drug Research, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China.
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García-Pupo L, Crouzier L, Bencomo-Martínez A, Meunier J, Morilleau A, Delprat B, Carrazana MS, Menéndez Soto del Valle R, Maurice T, Rodríguez-Tanty C. Amylovis-201 is a new dual-target ligand, acting as an anti-amyloidogenic compound and a potent agonist of the σ 1 chaperone protein. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:4345-4359. [PMID: 39525570 PMCID: PMC11544189 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The aggregation of Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides is associated with neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously identified novel naphtalene derivatives, including the lead compound Amylovis-201, able to form thermodynamically stable complexes with Aβ species, peptides and fibrils. As the drug showed a chemical scaffold coherent for an effective interaction with the σ 1 receptor chaperone and as σ 1 agonists are currently developed as potent neuroprotectants in AD, we investigated the pharmacological action of Amylovis-201 on the σ 1 receptor. We report that Amylovis-201 is a potent σ 1 agonist by several in silico, in vitro and in vivo assays and that its anti-amnesic and neuroprotective effects involve a pharmacological action at σ 1 receptors. Furthermore, we show for the first time that classical σ 1 receptor agonist (PRE-084), and antagonist (NE-100) are able to interact and disaggregate Aβ 25-35 fibrils. Interestingly, Amylovis-201 was the only compound inhibiting Aβ 25-35 aggregates formation. Our results therefore highlight a dual action of Amylovis-201 as anti-aggregating agent and σ 1 receptor agonist that could be highly effective in long-term treatment against neurodegeneration in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Pupo
- Department of Neurochemistry, Cuban Center for Neurosciences, Cubanacan, Playa, Havana CP 11600, Cuba
| | - Lucie Crouzier
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier 34095, France
| | - Alberto Bencomo-Martínez
- Department of Neurochemistry, Cuban Center for Neurosciences, Cubanacan, Playa, Havana CP 11600, Cuba
| | - Johann Meunier
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier 34095, France
| | - Axelle Morilleau
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier 34095, France
| | - Benjamin Delprat
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier 34095, France
| | - Marquiza Sablón Carrazana
- Department of Neurochemistry, Cuban Center for Neurosciences, Cubanacan, Playa, Havana CP 11600, Cuba
| | | | - Tangui Maurice
- MMDN, University of Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier 34095, France
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Luo JS, Zhai WH, Ding LL, Zhang XJ, Han J, Ning JQ, Chen XM, Jiang WC, Yan RY, Chen MJ. MAMs and Mitochondrial Quality Control: Overview and Their Role in Alzheimer's Disease. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:2682-2698. [PMID: 39002091 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04205-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most widespread neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by a gradual onset and slow progression, presenting a substantial challenge to global public health. The mitochondrial-associated membrane (MAMs) functions as a crucial center for signal transduction and material transport between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, playing a pivotal role in various pathological mechanisms of AD. The dysregulation of mitochondrial quality control systems is considered a fundamental factor in the development of AD, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent neurodegenerative events. Recent studies have emphasized the role of MAMs in regulating mitochondrial quality control. This review will delve into the molecular mechanisms underlying the imbalance in mitochondrial quality control in AD and provide a comprehensive overview of the role of MAMs in regulating mitochondrial quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Sheng Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Wen-Hu Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Ling-Ling Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Xian-Jie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Jia Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Jia-Qi Ning
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Xue-Meng Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Wen-Cai Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Ru-Yu Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Meng-Jie Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
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Raby A, Missiroli S, Sanatine P, Langui D, Pansiot J, Beaude N, Vezzana L, Saleh R, Marinello M, Laforge M, Pinton P, Buj-Bello A, Burgo A. Spastin regulates ER-mitochondrial contact sites and mitochondrial homeostasis. iScience 2024; 27:110683. [PMID: 39252960 PMCID: PMC11382127 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites (MERCs) emerged to play critical roles in numerous cellular processes, and their dysregulation has been associated to neurodegenerative disorders. Mutations in the SPG4 gene coding for spastin are among the main causes of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP). Spastin binds and severs microtubules, and the long isoform of this protein, namely M1, spans the outer leaflet of ER membrane where it interacts with other ER-HSP proteins. Here, we showed that overexpressed M1 spastin localizes in ER-mitochondria intersections and that endogenous spastin accumulates in MERCs. We demonstrated in different cellular models that downregulation of spastin enhances the number of MERCs, alters mitochondrial morphology, and impairs ER and mitochondrial calcium homeostasis. These effects are associated with reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, oxygen species levels, and oxidative metabolism. These findings extend our knowledge on the role of spastin in the ER and suggest MERCs deregulation as potential causes of SPG4-HSP disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Raby
- Genethon, 91000 Evry, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, University Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare Research Unit UMR_S951, 91000 Evry, France
| | - Sonia Missiroli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, and Technopole of Ferrara, Laboratory for Advanced Therapies (LTTA), 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Dominique Langui
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Julien Pansiot
- Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Nissai Beaude
- Genethon, 91000 Evry, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, University Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare Research Unit UMR_S951, 91000 Evry, France
| | - Lucie Vezzana
- Genethon, 91000 Evry, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, University Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare Research Unit UMR_S951, 91000 Evry, France
| | - Rachelle Saleh
- Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Martina Marinello
- Genethon, 91000 Evry, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, University Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare Research Unit UMR_S951, 91000 Evry, France
| | - Mireille Laforge
- Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, and Technopole of Ferrara, Laboratory for Advanced Therapies (LTTA), 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ana Buj-Bello
- Genethon, 91000 Evry, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, University Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare Research Unit UMR_S951, 91000 Evry, France
| | - Andrea Burgo
- Genethon, 91000 Evry, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, University Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare Research Unit UMR_S951, 91000 Evry, France
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Serangeli I, Diamanti T, De Jaco A, Miranda E. Role of mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts in neurodegenerative, neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric conditions. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 60:5040-5068. [PMID: 39099373 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts (MERCs) mediate a close and continuous communication between both organelles that is essential for the transfer of calcium and lipids to mitochondria, necessary for cellular signalling and metabolic pathways. Their structural and molecular characterisation has shown the involvement of many proteins that bridge the membranes of the two organelles and maintain the structural stability and function of these contacts. The crosstalk between the two organelles is fundamental for proper neuronal function and is now recognised as a component of many neurological disorders. In fact, an increasing proportion of MERC proteins take part in the molecular and cellular basis of pathologies affecting the nervous system. Here we review the alterations in MERCs that have been reported for these pathologies, from neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders to neurodegenerative diseases. Although mitochondrial abnormalities in these debilitating conditions have been extensively attributed to the high energy demand of neurons, a distinct role for MERCs is emerging as a new field of research. Understanding the molecular details of such alterations may open the way to new paths of therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Serangeli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tamara Diamanti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella De Jaco
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Miranda
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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32
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Xia Y, Zhang J, Chen L. Recent advances in Alzheimer's disease: Mechanisms, clinical trials and new drug development strategies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:211. [PMID: 39174535 PMCID: PMC11344989 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01911-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 140.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as the predominant form of dementia, presenting significant and escalating global challenges. Its etiology is intricate and diverse, stemming from a combination of factors such as aging, genetics, and environment. Our current understanding of AD pathologies involves various hypotheses, such as the cholinergic, amyloid, tau protein, inflammatory, oxidative stress, metal ion, glutamate excitotoxicity, microbiota-gut-brain axis, and abnormal autophagy. Nonetheless, unraveling the interplay among these pathological aspects and pinpointing the primary initiators of AD require further elucidation and validation. In the past decades, most clinical drugs have been discontinued due to limited effectiveness or adverse effects. Presently, available drugs primarily offer symptomatic relief and often accompanied by undesirable side effects. However, recent approvals of aducanumab (1) and lecanemab (2) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) present the potential in disrease-modifying effects. Nevertheless, the long-term efficacy and safety of these drugs need further validation. Consequently, the quest for safer and more effective AD drugs persists as a formidable and pressing task. This review discusses the current understanding of AD pathogenesis, advances in diagnostic biomarkers, the latest updates of clinical trials, and emerging technologies for AD drug development. We highlight recent progress in the discovery of selective inhibitors, dual-target inhibitors, allosteric modulators, covalent inhibitors, proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) modulators. Our goal is to provide insights into the prospective development and clinical application of novel AD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifa Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yinglu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, TN, USA
| | - Yilin Xia
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neuro-system and Multimorbidity and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Arjmand S, Ilaghi M, Sisakht AK, Guldager MB, Wegener G, Landau AM, Gjedde A. Regulation of mitochondrial dysfunction by estrogens and estrogen receptors in Alzheimer's disease: A focused review. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 135:115-132. [PMID: 38801027 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.14035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that primarily manifests itself by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline, thus significantly affecting memory functions and quality of life. In this review, we proceed from the understanding that the canonical amyloid-β hypothesis, while significant, has faced setbacks, highlighting the need to adopt a broader perspective considering the intricate interplay of diverse pathological pathways for effective AD treatments. Sex differences in AD offer valuable insights into a better understanding of its pathophysiology. Fluctuation of the levels of ovarian sex hormones during perimenopause is associated with changes in glucose metabolism, as a possible window of opportunity to further understand the roles of sex steroid hormones and their associated receptors in the pathophysiology of AD. We review these dimensions, emphasizing the potential of estrogen receptors (ERs) to reveal mitochondrial functions in the search for further research and therapeutic strategies for AD pharmacotherapy. Understanding and addressing the intricate interactions of mitochondrial dysfunction and ERs potentially pave the way for more effective approaches to AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokouh Arjmand
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mehran Ilaghi
- Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Karimi Sisakht
- Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Matti Bock Guldager
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gregers Wegener
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne M Landau
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Albert Gjedde
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Liao Z, Zhang Q, Ren N, Zhao H, Zheng X. Progress in mitochondrial and omics studies in Alzheimer's disease research: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic interventions. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1418939. [PMID: 39040111 PMCID: PMC11260616 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1418939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (Alzheimer's disease, AD) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by memory loss and cognitive impairment. It is characterized by the formation of tau protein neurofibrillary tangles and β-amyloid plaques. Recent studies have found that mitochondria in neuronal cells of AD patients exhibit various dysfunctions, including reduced numbers, ultrastructural changes, reduced enzyme activity, and abnormal kinetics. These abnormal mitochondria not only lead to the loss of normal neuronal cell function, but are also a major driver of AD progression. In this review, we will focus on the advances of mitochondria and their multi-omics in AD research, with particular emphasis on how mitochondrial dysfunction in AD drives disease progression. At the same time, we will focus on summarizing how mitochondrial genomics technologies have revealed specific details of these dysfunctions and how therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria may provide new directions for future AD treatments. By delving into the key mechanisms of mitochondria in AD related to energy metabolism, altered kinetics, regulation of cell death, and dysregulation of calcium-ion homeostasis, and how mitochondrial multi-omics technologies can be utilized to provide us with a better understanding of these processes. In the future, mitochondria-centered therapeutic strategies will be a key idea in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuning Liao
- Department of Neurology, Fourth People’s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China
| | - Qiying Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jinan Municipal Government Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Na Ren
- Pharmacy Department, Jinan Municipal People’s Government Organs Outpatient Department, Jinan, China
| | - Haiyan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Qihe County People’s Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Xueyan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinan Second People’s Hospital, Jinan, China
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Jiang T, Ruan N, Luo P, Wang Q, Wei X, Li Y, Dai Y, Lin L, Lv J, Liu Y, Zhang C. Modulation of ER-mitochondria tethering complex VAPB-PTPIP51: Novel therapeutic targets for aging-associated diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102320. [PMID: 38719161 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Aging is a gradual and irreversible natural process. With aging, the body experiences a functional decline, and the effects amplify the vulnerability to a range of age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. Within the aging process, the morphology and function of mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) undergo alterations, particularly in the structure connecting these organelles known as mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). MAMs serve as vital intracellular signaling hubs, facilitating communication between the ER and mitochondria when regulating various cellular events, including calcium homeostasis, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, and apoptosis. The formation of MAMs is partly dependent on the interaction between the vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein-B (VAPB) and protein tyrosine phosphatase-interacting protein-51 (PTPIP51). Accumulating evidence has begun to elucidate the pivotal role of the VAPB-PTPIP51 tether in the initiation and progression of age-related diseases. In this study, we delineate the intricate structure and multifunctional role of the VAPB-PTPIP51 tether and discuss its profound implications in aging-associated diseases. Moreover, we provide a comprehensive overview of potential therapeutic interventions and pharmacological agents targeting the VAPB-PTPIP51-mediated MAMs, thereby offering a glimmer of hope in mitigating aging processes and treating age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Nan Ruan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Pengcheng Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiuxian Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li Lin
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiagao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Ekundayo BE, Obafemi TO, Adewale OB, Obafemi BA, Oyinloye BE, Ekundayo SK. Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis in the Pathology of Alzheimer's Disease. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:457-477. [PMID: 38472715 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) accounts for a major statistic among the class of neurodegenerative diseases. A number of mechanisms have been identified in its pathogenesis and progression which include the amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis. These processes are interconnected and contribute significantly to the loss of neurons, brain mass and consequential memory loss and other cognitive difficulties. Oxidative stress in AD appears to be caused by excess of oxygen free radicals and extracellular Aβ deposits that cause local inflammatory processes and activate microglia, another possible source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ER Stress describes the accumulation of misfolded and unfolded proteins as a result of physiological and pathological stimuli including high protein demand, toxins, inflammatory cytokines, and mutant protein expression that disturbs ER homeostasis. When compared to age-matched controls, postmortem brain tissues from AD patients showed elevated levels of ER stress markers, such as PERK, eIF2α, IRE1α, the chaperone Grp78, and the downstream mediator of cell death CHOP. Apoptosis is in charge of eliminating unnecessary and undesired cells to maintain good health. However, it has been demonstrated that a malfunctioning apoptotic pathway is a major factor in the development of certain neurological and immunological problems and diseases in people, including neurodegenerative diseases. This article highlights and discussed some of the experimentally established mechanisms through which these processes lead to the development as well as the exacerbation of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Blessing Ariyo Obafemi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Afe Babalola University, PMB 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye
- Department of Biochemistry Afe Babalola University, PMB 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
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Lee S, Jang K, Lee H, Jo YS, Kwon D, Park G, Bae S, Kwon YW, Jang J, Oh Y, Lee C, Yoon JH. Multi-proteomic analyses of 5xFAD mice reveal new molecular signatures of early-stage Alzheimer's disease. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14137. [PMID: 38436501 PMCID: PMC11166370 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
An early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is crucial as treatment efficacy is limited to the early stages. However, the current diagnostic methods are limited to mid or later stages of disease development owing to the limitations of clinical examinations and amyloid plaque imaging. Therefore, this study aimed to identify molecular signatures including blood plasma extracellular vesicle biomarker proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease to aid early-stage diagnosis. The hippocampus, cortex, and blood plasma extracellular vesicles of 3- and 6-month-old 5xFAD mice were analyzed using quantitative proteomics. Subsequent bioinformatics and biochemical analyses were performed to compare the molecular signatures between wild type and 5xFAD mice across different brain regions and age groups to elucidate disease pathology. There was a unique signature of significantly altered proteins in the hippocampal and cortical proteomes of 3- and 6-month-old mice. The plasma extracellular vesicle proteomes exhibited distinct informatic features compared with the other proteomes. Furthermore, the regulation of several canonical pathways (including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling) differed between the hippocampus and cortex. Twelve potential biomarkers for the detection of early-stage Alzheimer's disease were identified and validated using plasma extracellular vesicles from stage-divided patients. Finally, integrin α-IIb, creatine kinase M-type, filamin C, glutamine γ-glutamyltransferase 2, and lysosomal α-mannosidase were selected as distinguishing biomarkers for healthy individuals and early-stage Alzheimer's disease patients using machine learning modeling with approximately 79% accuracy. Our study identified novel early-stage molecular signatures associated with the progression of Alzheimer's disease, thereby providing novel insights into its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulah Lee
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research GroupKorea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Kuk‐In Jang
- Cognitive Science Research GroupKorea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Hagyeong Lee
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research GroupKorea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Yeon Suk Jo
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research GroupKorea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
- Department of Brain‐Cognitive ScienceDaegu‐Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Dayoung Kwon
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research GroupKorea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Geuna Park
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research GroupKorea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Sungwon Bae
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research GroupKorea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Yang Woo Kwon
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research GroupKorea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin‐Hyeok Jang
- Department of Brain‐Cognitive ScienceDaegu‐Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Yong‐Seok Oh
- Department of Brain‐Cognitive ScienceDaegu‐Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Chany Lee
- Cognitive Science Research GroupKorea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyuk Yoon
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research GroupKorea Brain Research InstituteDaeguRepublic of Korea
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Meng X, Song Q, Liu Z, Liu X, Wang Y, Liu J. Neurotoxic β-amyloid oligomers cause mitochondrial dysfunction-the trigger for PANoptosis in neurons. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1400544. [PMID: 38808033 PMCID: PMC11130508 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1400544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
As the global population ages, the incidence of elderly patients with dementia, represented by Alzheimer's disease (AD), will continue to increase. Previous studies have suggested that β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition is a key factor leading to AD. However, the clinical efficacy of treating AD with anti-Aβ protein antibodies is not satisfactory, suggesting that Aβ amyloidosis may be a pathological change rather than a key factor leading to AD. Identification of the causes of AD and development of corresponding prevention and treatment strategies is an important goal of current research. Following the discovery of soluble oligomeric forms of Aβ (AβO) in 1998, scientists began to focus on the neurotoxicity of AβOs. As an endogenous neurotoxin, the active growth of AβOs can lead to neuronal death, which is believed to occur before plaque formation, suggesting that AβOs are the key factors leading to AD. PANoptosis, a newly proposed concept of cell death that includes known modes of pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, is a form of cell death regulated by the PANoptosome complex. Neuronal survival depends on proper mitochondrial function. Under conditions of AβO interference, mitochondrial dysfunction occurs, releasing lethal contents as potential upstream effectors of the PANoptosome. Considering the critical role of neurons in cognitive function and the development of AD as well as the regulatory role of mitochondrial function in neuronal survival, investigation of the potential mechanisms leading to neuronal PANoptosis is crucial. This review describes the disruption of neuronal mitochondrial function by AβOs and elucidates how AβOs may activate neuronal PANoptosis by causing mitochondrial dysfunction during the development of AD, providing guidance for the development of targeted neuronal treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jinyu Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Luo Y, Zheng S, Xiao W, Zhang H, Li Y. Pannexins in the musculoskeletal system: new targets for development and disease progression. Bone Res 2024; 12:26. [PMID: 38705887 PMCID: PMC11070431 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-024-00334-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
During cell differentiation, growth, and development, cells can respond to extracellular stimuli through communication channels. Pannexin (Panx) family and connexin (Cx) family are two important types of channel-forming proteins. Panx family contains three members (Panx1-3) and is expressed widely in bone, cartilage and muscle. Although there is no sequence homology between Panx family and Cx family, they exhibit similar configurations and functions. Similar to Cxs, the key roles of Panxs in the maintenance of physiological functions of the musculoskeletal system and disease progression were gradually revealed later. Here, we seek to elucidate the structure of Panxs and their roles in regulating processes such as osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and muscle growth. We also focus on the comparison between Cx and Panx. As a new key target, Panxs expression imbalance and dysfunction in muscle and the therapeutic potentials of Panxs in joint diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiangya Medicine School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Shengyuan Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xiangya Medicine School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Wenfeng Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
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40
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Cheng D, Lei ZG, Chu K, Lam OJH, Chiang CY, Zhang ZJ. N, N-Dimethyltryptamine, a natural hallucinogen, ameliorates Alzheimer's disease by restoring neuronal Sigma-1 receptor-mediated endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria crosstalk. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:95. [PMID: 38693554 PMCID: PMC11061967 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant neuronal Sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1r)-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER)- mitochondria signaling plays a key role in the neuronal cytopathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The natural psychedelic N, N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a Sig-1r agonist that may have the anti-AD potential through protecting neuronal ER-mitochondrial interplay. METHODS 3×TG-AD transgenic mice were administered with chronic DMT (2 mg/kg) for 3 weeks and then performed water maze test. The Aβ accumulation in the mice brain were determined. The Sig-1r level upon DMT treatment was tested. The effect of DMT on the ER-mitochondrial contacts site and multiple mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM)-associated proteins were examined. The effect of DMT on calcium transport between ER and mitochondria and the mitochondrial function were also evaluated. RESULTS chronic DMT (2 mg/kg) markedly alleviated cognitive impairment of 3×TG-AD mice. In parallel, it largely diminished Aβ accumulation in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. DMT restored the decreased Sig-1r levels of 3×TG-AD transgenic mice. The hallucinogen reinstated the expression of multiple MAM-associated proteins in the brain of 3×TG-AD mice. DMT also prevented physical contact and calcium dynamic between the two organelles in in vitro and in vivo pathological circumstances. DMT modulated oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and ATP synthase in the in vitro model of AD. CONCLUSION The anti-AD effects of DMT are associated with its protection of neuronal ER-mitochondria crosstalk via the activation of Sig-1r. DMT has the potential to serve as a novel preventive and therapeutic agent against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Cheng
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital (HKU-SZH), Shenzhen, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhuo-Gui Lei
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kin Chu
- Department of Psychology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Oi Jin Honey Lam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Yuan Chiang
- Digital Centre of State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau, China
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital (HKU-SZH), Shenzhen, China.
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Bai P, Bagdasarian FA, Xu Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Gomm A, Zhou Y, Wu R, Wey HY, Tanzi RE, Zhang C, Lan Y, Wang C. Molecular Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease-Related Sigma-1 Receptor in the Brain via a Novel Ru-Mediated Aromatic 18F-deoxyfluorination Probe. J Med Chem 2024; 67:6207-6217. [PMID: 38607332 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Sigma-1 receptor (σ1R) is an intracellular protein implicated in a spectrum of neurodegenerative conditions, notably Alzheimer's disease (AD). Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of brain σ1R could provide a powerful tool for better understanding the underlying pathomechanism of σ1R in AD. In this study, we successfully developed a 18F-labeled σ1R radiotracer [18F]CNY-05 via an innovative ruthenium (Ru)-mediated 18F-deoxyfluorination method. [18F]CNY-05 exhibited preferable brain uptake, high specific binding, and slightly reversible pharmacokinetics within the PET scanning time window. PET imaging of [18F]CNY-05 in nonhuman primates (NHP) indicated brain permeability, metabolic stability, and safety. Moreover, autoradiography and PET studies of [18F]CNY-05 in the AD mouse model found a significantly decreased brain uptake compared to that in wild-type mice. Collectively, we have provided a novel 18F-radiolabeled σ1R PET probe, which enables visualizing brain σ1R in health and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Bai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Frederick A Bagdasarian
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Yulong Xu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Yanli Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Yongle Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Ashley Gomm
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 114 16th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Yanting Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- The Research Units of West China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hsiao-Ying Wey
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 114 16th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Can Zhang
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 114 16th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Yu Lan
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Changning Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
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42
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Yu N, Pasha M, Chua JJE. Redox changes and cellular senescence in Alzheimer's disease. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103048. [PMID: 38277964 PMCID: PMC10840360 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The redox process and cellular senescence are involved in a range of essential physiological functions. However, they are also implicated in pathological processes underlying age-related neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated as a result of abnormal accumulation of beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ), tau protein, and heme dyshomeostasis and is further aggravated by mitochondria dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Excessive ROS damages vital cellular components such as proteins, DNA and lipids. Such damage eventually leads to impaired neuronal function and cell death. Heightened oxidative stress can also induce cellular senescence via activation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype to further exacerbate inflammation and tissue dysfunction. In this review, we focus on how changes in the redox system and cellular senescence contribute to AD and how they are affected by perturbations in heme metabolism and mitochondrial function. While potential therapeutic strategies targeting such changes have received some attention, more research is necessary to bring them into clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Yu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; LSI Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mazhar Pasha
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; LSI Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - John Jia En Chua
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; LSI Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.
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43
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Ceylan B, Düz E, Çakir T. Personalized Protein-Protein Interaction Networks Towards Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2120-2135. [PMID: 37855983 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03690-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly heterogenous neurodegenerative disease, and several omic-based datasets were generated in the last decade from the patients with the disease. However, the vast majority of studies evaluate these datasets in bulk by considering all the patients as a single group, which obscures the molecular differences resulting from the heterogeneous nature of the disease. In this study, we adopted a personalized approach and analyzed the transcriptome data from 403 patients individually by mapping the data on a human protein-protein interaction network. Patient-specific subnetworks were discovered and analyzed in terms of the genes in the subnetworks, enriched functional terms, and known AD genes. We identified several affected pathways that could not be captured by the bulk comparison. We also showed that our personalized findings point to patterns of alterations consistent with the recently suggested AD subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Ceylan
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Elif Düz
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Tunahan Çakir
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
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44
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Alberti C, Rizzo F, Anastasia A, Comi G, Corti S, Abati E. Charcot-Marie-tooth disease type 2A: An update on pathogenesis and therapeutic perspectives. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 193:106467. [PMID: 38452947 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding MFN2 have been identified as associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A (CMT2A), a neurological disorder characterized by a broad clinical phenotype involving the entire nervous system. MFN2, a dynamin-like GTPase protein located on the outer mitochondrial membrane, is well-known for its involvement in mitochondrial fusion. Numerous studies have demonstrated its participation in a network crucial for various other mitochondrial functions, including mitophagy, axonal transport, and its controversial role in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria contacts. Considerable progress has been made in the last three decades in elucidating the disease pathogenesis, aided by the generation of animal and cellular models that have been instrumental in studying disease physiology. A review of the literature reveals that, up to now, no definitive pharmacological treatment for any CMT2A variant has been established; nonetheless, recent years have witnessed substantial progress. Many treatment approaches, especially concerning molecular therapy, such as histone deacetylase inhibitors, peptide therapy to increase mitochondrial fusion, the new therapeutic strategies based on MF1/MF2 balance, and SARM1 inhibitors, are currently in preclinical testing. The literature on gene silencing and gene replacement therapies is still limited, except for a recent study by Rizzo et al.(Rizzo et al., 2023), which recently first achieved encouraging results in in vitro and in vivo models of the disease. The near-future goal for these promising therapies is to progress to the stage of clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Alberti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Rizzo
- Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Anastasia
- Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Comi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Abati
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
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45
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Wilson EL, Yu Y, Leal NS, Woodward JA, Patikas N, Morris JL, Field SF, Plumbly W, Paupe V, Chowdhury SR, Antrobus R, Lindop GE, Adia YM, Loh SHY, Prudent J, Martins LM, Metzakopian E. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen shows that loss of GET4 increases mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contact sites and is neuroprotective. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:203. [PMID: 38467609 PMCID: PMC10928201 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06568-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Organelles form membrane contact sites between each other, allowing for the transfer of molecules and signals. Mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contact sites (MERCS) are cellular subdomains characterized by close apposition of mitochondria and ER membranes. They have been implicated in many diseases, including neurodegenerative, metabolic, and cardiac diseases. Although MERCS have been extensively studied, much remains to be explored. To uncover novel regulators of MERCS, we conducted a genome-wide, flow cytometry-based screen using an engineered MERCS reporter cell line. We found 410 genes whose downregulation promotes MERCS and 230 genes whose downregulation decreases MERCS. From these, 29 genes were selected from each population for arrayed screening and 25 were validated from the high population and 13 from the low population. GET4 and BAG6 were highlighted as the top 2 genes that upon suppression increased MERCS from both the pooled and arrayed screens, and these were subjected to further investigation. Multiple microscopy analyses confirmed that loss of GET4 or BAG6 increased MERCS. GET4 and BAG6 were also observed to interact with the known MERCS proteins, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) and glucose-regulated protein 75 (GRP75). In addition, we found that loss of GET4 increased mitochondrial calcium uptake upon ER-Ca2+ release and mitochondrial respiration. Finally, we show that loss of GET4 rescues motor ability, improves lifespan and prevents neurodegeneration in a Drosophila model of Alzheimer's disease (Aβ42Arc). Together, these results suggest that GET4 is involved in decreasing MERCS and that its loss is neuroprotective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Wilson
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Clifford Albutt building, Cambridge biomedical campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, The Keith Peters building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Yizhou Yu
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Nuno S Leal
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK
| | - James A Woodward
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Nikolaos Patikas
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Clifford Albutt building, Cambridge biomedical campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Jordan L Morris
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, The Keith Peters building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Sarah F Field
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Clifford Albutt building, Cambridge biomedical campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - William Plumbly
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Clifford Albutt building, Cambridge biomedical campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Vincent Paupe
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, The Keith Peters building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Suvagata R Chowdhury
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, The Keith Peters building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Robin Antrobus
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, The Keith Peters Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Georgina E Lindop
- Cambridge Advanced Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Anatomy Building, Downing Site, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Yusuf M Adia
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Samantha H Y Loh
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK
| | - Julien Prudent
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, The Keith Peters building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.
| | - L Miguel Martins
- MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Gleeson Building, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QR, UK.
| | - Emmanouil Metzakopian
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Clifford Albutt building, Cambridge biomedical campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK.
- bit bio, The Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3FH, UK.
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Delfino G, Briand JB, Oullier T, Nienkemper L, Greig J, Véziers J, Neunlist M, Derkinderen P, Paillusson S. Characterization of mitochondria-associated ER membranes in the enteric nervous system under physiological and pathological conditions. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G330-G343. [PMID: 38226933 PMCID: PMC11211041 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00224.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Alterations in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria associations and in mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) behavior have been reported in the brain in several neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the emerging role of the gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative disorders, the biology of MAM in the enteric nervous system (ENS) has not previously been studied. Therefore, we set out to characterize the MAM in the distal colon of wild-type C57BL/6J mice and senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8), a mouse model of age-related neurodegeneration. We showed for the first time that MAMs are widely present in enteric neurons and that their association is altered in SAMP8 mice. We then examined the functions of MAMs in a primary culture model of enteric neurons and showed that calcium homeostasis was altered in SAMP8 mice when compared with control animals. These findings provide the first detailed characterization of MAMs in the ENS under physiological conditions and during age-associated neurodegeneration. Further investigation of MAM modifications in the ENS in disease may provide valuable information about the possible role of enteric MAMs in neurodegenerative diseases.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our work shows for the first time the presence of contacts between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria in the enteric neurons and that the dynamic of these contacts is affected in these cells from an age-related neurodegeneration mouse model. It provides new insights into the potential role of enteric mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Delfino
- Nantes Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Nantes, France
| | - Jean Baptiste Briand
- Nantes Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Nantes, France
| | - Thibauld Oullier
- Nantes Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Nantes, France
| | - Léa Nienkemper
- Nantes Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Nantes, France
| | - Jenny Greig
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie, Nantes, France
| | - Joëlle Véziers
- INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Nantes Université, Oniris, Univ Angers, RMeS, Nantes, France
| | - Michel Neunlist
- Nantes Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Nantes, France
| | - Pascal Derkinderen
- Nantes Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Nantes, France
| | - Sébastien Paillusson
- Nantes Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Disorders, Nantes, France
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47
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Golzari-Sorkheh M, Liyanage I, Reed MA, Weaver DF. Alzheimer's Disease and COVID-19 Pathogenic Overlap: Implications for Drug Repurposing. Can J Neurol Sci 2024; 51:161-172. [PMID: 36991574 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2023.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
As COVID-19 continues, a safe, cost-effective treatment strategy demands continued inquiry. Chronic neuroinflammatory disorders may appear to be of little relevance in this regard; often indolent and progressive disorders characterized by neuroinflammation (such as Alzheimer's disease (AD)) are fundamentally dissimilar in etiology and symptomology to COVID-19's rapid infectivity and pathology. However, the two disorders share extensive pathognomonic features, including at membrane, cytoplasmic, and extracellular levels, culminating in analogous immunogenic destruction of their respective organ parenchyma. We hypothesize that these mechanistic similarities may extent to therapeutic targets, namely that it is conceivable an agent against AD's immunopathy may have efficacy against COVID-19 and vice versa. It is notable that while extensively investigated, no agent has yet demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy against AD's cognitive and memory declines. Yet this very failure has driven the development of numerous agents with strong mechanistic potential and clinical characteristics. Having already approved for clinical trials, these agents may be an expedient starting point in the urgent search for an effective COVID-19 therapy. Herein, we review the overlapping Alzheimer's/ COVID-19 targets and theorize several initial platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imindu Liyanage
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark A Reed
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Donald F Weaver
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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48
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Markovinovic A, Martín-Guerrero SM, Mórotz GM, Salam S, Gomez-Suaga P, Paillusson S, Greig J, Lee Y, Mitchell JC, Noble W, Miller CCJ. Stimulating VAPB-PTPIP51 ER-mitochondria tethering corrects FTD/ALS mutant TDP43 linked Ca 2+ and synaptic defects. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:32. [PMID: 38395965 PMCID: PMC10885568 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01742-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are clinically linked major neurodegenerative diseases. Notably, TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP43) accumulations are hallmark pathologies of FTD/ALS and mutations in the gene encoding TDP43 cause familial FTD/ALS. There are no cures for FTD/ALS. FTD/ALS display damage to a broad range of physiological functions, many of which are regulated by signaling between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. This signaling is mediated by the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethering proteins that serve to recruit regions of ER to the mitochondrial surface so as to facilitate inter-organelle communications. Several studies have now shown that disrupted ER-mitochondria signaling including breaking of the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethers are features of FTD/ALS and that for TDP43 and other familial genetic FTD/ALS insults, this involves activation of glycogen kinase-3β (GSK3β). Such findings have prompted suggestions that correcting damage to ER-mitochondria signaling and the VAPB-PTPIP51 interaction may be broadly therapeutic. Here we provide evidence to support this notion. We show that overexpression of VAPB or PTPIP51 to enhance ER-mitochondria signaling corrects mutant TDP43 induced damage to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor delivery of Ca2+ to mitochondria which is a primary function of the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethers, and to synaptic function. Moreover, we show that ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), an FDA approved drug linked to FTD/ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases therapy and whose precise therapeutic target is unclear, corrects TDP43 linked damage to the VAPB-PTPIP51 interaction. We also show that this effect involves inhibition of TDP43 mediated activation of GSK3β. Thus, correcting damage to the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethers may have therapeutic value for FTD/ALS and other age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Markovinovic
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK.
| | - Sandra M Martín-Guerrero
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Gábor M Mórotz
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Shaakir Salam
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Patricia Gomez-Suaga
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Sebastien Paillusson
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Jenny Greig
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Younbok Lee
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Jacqueline C Mitchell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Wendy Noble
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK
| | - Christopher C J Miller
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, SE5 9RX, London, UK.
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49
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Qu S, Lin H, Pfeiffer N, Grus FH. Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Mitochondria-Associated Autoantibodies: A Review of the Specific Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1624. [PMID: 38338904 PMCID: PMC10855900 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a severe retinal disease that causes irreversible visual loss and blindness in elderly populations worldwide. The pathological mechanism of AMD is complex, involving the interactions of multiple environmental and genetic factors. A poor understanding of the disease leads to limited treatment options and few effective prevention methods. The discovery of autoantibodies in AMD patients provides an opportunity to explore the pathogenesis and treatment direction of the disease. This review focuses on the mitochondria-associated autoantibodies and summarizes the functional roles of mitochondria under physiological conditions and their alterations during the pathological states. Additionally, it discusses the crosstalk between mitochondria and other organelles, as well as the mitochondria-related therapeutic strategies in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Franz H. Grus
- Department of Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (S.Q.); (H.L.)
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50
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Ronayne CT, Latorre-Muro P. Navigating the landscape of mitochondrial-ER communication in health and disease. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1356500. [PMID: 38323074 PMCID: PMC10844478 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1356500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracellular organelle communication enables the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and health through synchronized adaptive processes triggered by environmental cues. Mitochondrial-Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) communication sustains cellular fitness by adjusting protein synthesis and degradation, and metabolite and protein trafficking through organelle membranes. Mitochondrial-ER communication is bidirectional and requires that the ER-components of the Integrated Stress Response signal to mitochondria upon activation and, likewise, mitochondria signal to the ER under conditions of metabolite and protein overload to maintain proper functionality and ensure cellular survival. Declines in the mitochondrial-ER communication occur upon ageing and correlate with the onset of a myriad of heterogeneous age-related diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cancer, or neurodegenerative pathologies. Thus, the exploration of the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial-ER signaling and regulation will provide insights into the most fundamental cellular adaptive processes with important therapeutical opportunities. In this review, we will discuss the pathways and mechanisms of mitochondrial-ER communication at the mitochondrial-ER interface and their implications in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor T. Ronayne
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pedro Latorre-Muro
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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