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Rainey NE, Armand AS, Petit PX. Sodium arsenite and arsenic trioxide differently affect the oxidative stress of lymphoblastoid cells: An intricate crosstalk between mitochondria, autophagy and cell death. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302701. [PMID: 38728286 PMCID: PMC11086853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the toxicity of arsenic depends on its chemical forms, few studies have taken into account the ambiguous phenomenon that sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) acts as a potent carcinogen while arsenic trioxide (ATO, As2O3) serves as an effective therapeutic agent in lymphoma, suggesting that NaAsO2 and As2O3 may act via paradoxical ways to either promote or inhibit cancer pathogenesis. Here, we compared the cellular response of the two arsenical compounds, NaAsO2 and As2O3, on the Burkitt lymphoma cell model, the Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)-positive P3HR1 cells. Using flow cytometry and biochemistry analyses, we showed that a NaAsO2 treatment induces P3HR1 cell death, combined with drastic drops in ΔΨm, NAD(P)H and ATP levels. In contrast, As2O3-treated cells resist to cell death, with a moderate reduction of ΔΨm, NAD(P)H and ATP. While both compounds block cells in G2/M and affect their protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation, As2O3 induces a milder increase in superoxide anions and H2O2 than NaAsO2, associated to a milder inhibition of antioxidant defenses. By electron microscopy, RT-qPCR and image cytometry analyses, we showed that As2O3-treated cells display an overall autophagic response, combined with mitophagy and an unfolded protein response, characteristics that were not observed following a NaAsO2 treatment. As previous works showed that As2O3 reactivates EBV in P3HR1 cells, we treated the EBV- Ramos-1 cells and showed that autophagy was not induced in these EBV- cells upon As2O3 treatment suggesting that the boost of autophagy observed in As2O3-treated P3HR1 cells could be due to the presence of EBV in these cells. Overall, our results suggest that As2O3 is an autophagic inducer which action is enhanced when EBV is present in the cells, in contrast to NaAsO2, which induces cell death. That's why As2O3 is combined with other chemicals, as all-trans retinoic acid, to better target cancer cells in therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Earl Rainey
- CNRS UMR 8003 Paris University, SSPIN, Neuroscience Institute, Team “Mitochondria, Apoptosis and Autophagy Signaling”, Campus Saint-Germain, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Armand
- INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Campus Necker, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Patrice X. Petit
- CNRS UMR 8003 Paris University, SSPIN, Neuroscience Institute, Team “Mitochondria, Apoptosis and Autophagy Signaling”, Campus Saint-Germain, Paris, France
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2
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Katerndahl CDS, Rogers ORS, Day RB, Xu Z, Helton NM, Ramakrishnan SM, Miller CA, Ley TJ. PML::RARA and GATA2 proteins interact via DNA templates to induce aberrant self-renewal in mouse and human hematopoietic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317690121. [PMID: 38648485 PMCID: PMC11067031 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317690121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanism(s) by which the PML::RARA fusion protein initiates acute promyelocytic leukemia is not yet clear. We defined the genomic binding sites of PML::RARA in primary mouse and human hematopoietic progenitor cells with V5-tagged PML::RARA, using anti-V5-PML::RARA chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and CUT&RUN approaches. Most genomic PML::RARA binding sites were found in regions that were already chromatin-accessible (defined by ATAC-seq) in unmanipulated, wild-type promyelocytes, suggesting that these regions are "open" prior to PML::RARA expression. We found that GATA binding motifs, and the direct binding of the chromatin "pioneering factor" GATA2, were significantly enriched near PML::RARA binding sites. Proximity labeling studies revealed that PML::RARA interacts with ~250 proteins in primary mouse hematopoietic cells; GATA2 and 33 others require PML::RARA binding to DNA for the interaction to occur, suggesting that binding to their cognate DNA target motifs may stabilize their interactions. In the absence of PML::RARA, Gata2 overexpression induces many of the same epigenetic and transcriptional changes as PML::RARA. These findings suggested that PML::RARA may indirectly initiate its transcriptional program by activating Gata2 expression: Indeed, we demonstrated that inactivation of Gata2 prior to PML::RARA expression prevented its ability to induce self-renewal. These data suggested that GATA2 binding creates accessible chromatin regions enriched for both GATA and Retinoic Acid Receptor Element motifs, where GATA2 and PML::RARA can potentially bind and interact with each other. In turn, PML::RARA binding to DNA promotes a feed-forward transcriptional program by positively regulating Gata2 expression. Gata2 may therefore be required for PML::RARA to establish its transcriptional program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey D. S. Katerndahl
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Olivia R. S. Rogers
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Ryan B. Day
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Ziheng Xu
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Nichole M. Helton
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Sai Mukund Ramakrishnan
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Christopher A. Miller
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
| | - Timothy J. Ley
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Stem Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO63110
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Dubey S, Mishra N, Shelke R, Varma AK. Mutations at proximal cysteine residues in PML impair ATO binding by destabilizing the RBCC domain. FEBS J 2024; 291:1422-1438. [PMID: 38129745 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by the fusion gene promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor-alpha (PML-RARA) and is conventionally treated with arsenic trioxide (ATO). ATO binds directly to the RING finger, B-box, coiled-coil (RBCC) domain of PML and initiates degradation of the fusion oncoprotein PML-RARA. However, the mutational hotspot at C212-S220 disrupts ATO binding, leading to drug resistance in APL. Therefore, structural consequences of these point mutations in PML that remain uncertain require comprehensive analysis. In this study, we investigated the structure-based ensemble properties of the promyelocytic leukemia-RING-B-box-coiled-coil (PML-RBCC) domains and ATO-resistant mutations. Oligomeric studies reveal that PML-RBCC wild-type and mutants C212R, S214L, A216T, L217F, and S220G predominantly form tetramers, whereas mutants C213R, A216V, L218P, and D219H tend to form dimers. The stability of the dimeric mutants was lower, exhibiting a melting temperature (Tm) reduction of 30 °C compared with the tetrameric mutants and wild-type PML protein. Furthermore, the exposed surface of the C213R mutation rendered it more prone to protease digestion than that of the C212R mutation. The spectroscopic analysis highlighted ATO-induced structural alterations in S214L, A216V, and D219H mutants, in contrast to C213R, L217F, and L218P mutations. Moreover, the computational analysis revealed that the ATO-resistant mutations C213R, A216V, L217F, and L218P caused changes in the size, shape, and flexibility of the PML-RBCC wild-type protein. The mutations C213R, A216V, L217F, and L218P destabilize the wild-type protein structure due to the adaptation of distinct conformational changes. In addition, these mutations disrupt several hydrogen bonds, including interactions involving C212, C213, and C215, which are essential for ATO binding. The local and global structural features induced by these mutations provide mechanistic insight into ATO resistance and APL pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchita Dubey
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Neha Mishra
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Rohan Shelke
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Ashok K Varma
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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4
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Jin W, Dai Y, Chen L, Zhu H, Dong F, Zhu H, Meng G, Li J, Chen S, Chen Z, Fang H, Wang K. Cellular hierarchy insights reveal leukemic stem-like cells and early death risk in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1423. [PMID: 38365836 PMCID: PMC10873341 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45737-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) represents a paradigm for targeted differentiation therapy, with a minority of patients experiencing treatment failure and even early death. We here report a comprehensive single-cell analysis of 16 APL patients, uncovering cellular compositions and their impact on all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) response in vivo and early death. We unveil a cellular differentiation hierarchy within APL blasts, rooted in leukemic stem-like cells. The oncogenic PML/RARα fusion protein exerts branch-specific regulation in the APL trajectory, including stem-like cells. APL cohort analysis establishes an association of leukemic stemness with elevated white blood cell counts and FLT3-ITD mutations. Furthermore, we construct an APL-specific stemness score, which proves effective in assessing early death risk. Finally, we show that ATRA induces differentiation of primitive blasts and patients with early death exhibit distinct stemness-associated transcriptional programs. Our work provides a thorough survey of APL cellular hierarchies, offering insights into cellular dynamics during targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jin
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yuting Dai
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Li Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Honghu Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Fangyi Dong
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hongming Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Guoyu Meng
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Junmin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Saijuan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Hai Fang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Kankan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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5
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Shiraishi RN, Bombeiro AL, Castro TCL, Della Via FI, Santos I, Rego EM, Saad STO, Torello CO. PML/RARa leukemia induced murine model for immunotherapy evaluation. Transpl Immunol 2023; 81:101919. [PMID: 37598913 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2023.101919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Even though leukemia murine models are valuable tools for new drug therapy studies, most of these models consist of immunocompromised mice, which do not exhibit immune responses. In order to obtain an adequate leukemia model, we established an acute promyelocytic leukemia transplantation-based model (PML/RARa) in immunocompetent BALB/c mice, thus making it possible to study drug-induced cellular immune responses in leukemia. The development of PML/RARa leukemia was confirmed by leukocytosis (76.27 ± 21.8 vs. 3.40 ± 1.06; P < 0.0001), anemia (7.46 ± 1.86 vs. 15.10 ± 0.96; P < 0.0001), and thrombocytopenia (131.85 ± 39.32 vs. 839.50 ± 171.20; P < 0.0001), and the presence of blasts in the peripheral blood of mice (approximately 50% blasts; P < 0.0001), 15 days after the transplants. These findings were corroborated through differential counts, flow cytometry, and in vivo imaging, which indicated increased number of immature cells in the bone marrow (15.75 ± 3.30 vs 6.69 ± 0.55; P < 0.001), peripheral blood (7.88 ± 2.67 vs 1.22 ± 0.89; P < 0.001), and spleen (35.21 ± 4.12 vs 1.35 ± 0.86; P < 0.0001), as well as promyelocytes in the bone marrow (41.23 ± 4.80 vs 5.73 ± 1.50; P < 0.0001), peripheral blood (46.08 ± 7.52 vs 1.10 ± 0.59; P < 0.0001) and spleen (35.31 ± 8.26 vs 2.49 ± 0.29; P < 0.0001) of PML/RARa mice. Compared to basal conditions of untransplanted mice, the PML/RARa mice exhibited frequencies of T lymphocytes CD4 helper = 14.85 ± 2.91 vs 20.77 ± 2.9 in the peripheral blood (P < 0.05); 12.75 ± 1.33 vs 45.90 ± 2.02 in the spleen (P < 0.0001); CD8 cytotoxic = 11.27 ± 3.44 vs 11.05 ± 1.22 in the peripheral blood (P > 0.05); 10.48 ± 1.16 vs 30.02 ± 1.80 in the spleen (P < 0.0001); natural killer (NK) cells = 3.68 ± 1.35 vs 6.84 ± 0.52 in the peripheral blood (P < 0.001); 4.43 ± 0.57 vs 6.40 ± 1.14 in the spleen (P < 0.05); B cells 2.50 ± 0.60 vs 15.20 ± 5.34 in the peripheral blood (P < 0.001); 17.77 ± 4.39 vs 46.90 ± 5.92 in the spleen (P < 0.0001); neutrophils = 5.97% ± 1.88 vs 31.57 ± 9.14 (P < 0.0001); and monocytes = 6.45 ± 2.97 vs 15.85 ± 2.57 (P < 0.001), selected as classical (3.33 ± 3.40 vs 57.80 ± 16.51, P < 0.0001), intermediate (57.42 ± 10.61 vs 21.75 ± 5.90, P < 0.0001), and non-classical monocytes (37.51 ± 10.85 vs 18.08 ± 7.13, P < 0.05) in the peripheral blood; and as classically activated (M1) within in the bone marrow (3.70 ± 0.94 vs 1.88 ± 0.39, P < 0.05) and spleen 15.19 ± 3.32 vs 9.47 ± 1.61, P < 0.05), in addition to alternatively activated (M2) macrophages within the bone marrow (23.06 ± 5.25 vs 1.76 ± 0.74, P < 0.0001) and spleen (46.51 ± 11.18 vs 30.58 ± 2.64, P < 0.05) compartments. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment of PML/RARa mice reduced blast (immature cells) in the bone marrow (8.62 ± 1.81 vs 15.76 ± 1.25; P < 0.05) and spleen (8.75 ± 1.31 vs 35.21 ± 1.55; P < 0.0001) with no changes in the peripheral blood (10.13 ± 3.33 vs 7.88 ± 1.01; P > 0.05), as well as reduced promyelocytes in the bone marrow (19.79 ± 4.84 vs 41.23 ± 1.81; P < 0.05), peripheral blood (31.65 ± 3.92 vs 46.09 ± 2.84; P < 0.05) and spleen (24.84 ± 2.03 vs 41.46 ± 2.39; P < 0.001), and increased neutrophils of the peripheral blood (35.48 ± 7.24 vs 7.83 ± 1.40; P < 0.05) which was corroborated by reducing of immature cells and increase of neutrophil in the stained smears from PML/RARa mice, thus confirming that this model can be used in drug development studies. Our results show the effective induction of PML/RARa leukemia in BALB/c mice, thus producing a low-priced and reliable tool for investigating cellular immune responses in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo N Shiraishi
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center - Hemocentro, University of Campinas, 13083-878 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André L Bombeiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, 13083-862 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamara C L Castro
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-887 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda I Della Via
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center - Hemocentro, University of Campinas, 13083-878 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irene Santos
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center - Hemocentro, University of Campinas, 13083-878 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Rego
- Hematology and Clinical Oncology Divisions, Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, 14048-900 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sara T O Saad
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center - Hemocentro, University of Campinas, 13083-878 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane O Torello
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center - Hemocentro, University of Campinas, 13083-878 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Li ZF, Feng JK, Zhao XC, Liu W, Gu SA, Li R, Lu YL, Mao RJ, Xia LL, Dong LL, Zhang LW, Ruan JY, Liu J, Li GF, Li T, Sun R, Qiu SL, Zheng ZZ, Dong T. The Extract of Pinellia Ternata-Induced Apoptosis of Leukemia Cells by Regulating the Expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 Protein Expression in Mice. Transplant Proc 2023; 55:2232-2240. [PMID: 37777366 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2023.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to lessen the monetary burden on patients and society by decreasing the price of proprietary drugs used in leukemia therapy. Flow cytometry, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and a patient-derived xenograft mouse model were used to confirm the therapeutic effect of Pinellia ternata extract on leukemia. Three types of leukemia cells (K562, HL-60, and C8166 cell lines) were found to undergo early apoptosis (P ≤ .05) after being exposed to P. ternata extract, as measured by flow cytometry. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results showed that P. ternata extract at both middle (300 μg/mL) and high (500 μg/mL) concentrations was able to down-regulate Bcl-2 and upregulate mRNA expression of Bax and caspase-3. In the patient-derived xenograft mouse model formed by BALB/c-nu/nu nude mice, immunohistochemistry indicated that P. ternata extract effectively suppressed the proliferation of leukemia cells. Therefore, P. ternata extract at 300 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL could effectively inhibit myeloid and lymphocytic leukemia cell proliferation and promote leukemia cell apoptosis by regulating Bax/Bcl-2 and caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Fa Li
- Department of Hematology, Department of Laboratory of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jia-Kun Feng
- Department of Hematology, Department of Laboratory of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Chen Zhao
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Hematology, Department of Laboratory of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shi-An Gu
- Department of Hematology, Department of Laboratory of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Hematology, Department of Laboratory of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang-Liu Lu
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rui-Jiao Mao
- Department of Hematology, Department of Laboratory of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li-Ling Xia
- Department of Hematology, Department of Pathology of Yunnan New Kun Hua Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lu-Lu Dong
- Department of Hematology, Department of Pathology of Yunnan New Kun Hua Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li-Wen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Department of Pathology of Yunnan New Kun Hua Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing-Yan Ruan
- Department of Hematology, Department of Pathology of Yunnan New Kun Hua Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Hematology, Department of Pathology of Yunnan New Kun Hua Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guang-Fen Li
- Department of Hematology, Department of Pathology of Yunnan New Kun Hua Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Hematology, Department of Pathology of Yunnan New Kun Hua Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rong Sun
- Department of Hematology, Department of Pathology of Yunnan New Kun Hua Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shui-Lan Qiu
- Department of Hematology, Department of Pathology of Yunnan New Kun Hua Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | | | - Ting Dong
- Department of Hematology, Department of Laboratory of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province (Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology), Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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7
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Nagai Y, Ambinder AJ. The Promise of Retinoids in the Treatment of Cancer: Neither Burnt Out Nor Fading Away. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3535. [PMID: 37509198 PMCID: PMC10377082 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the introduction of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has become a highly curable malignancy, especially in combination with arsenic trioxide (ATO). ATRA's success has deepened our understanding of the role of the RARα pathway in normal hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis, and it has influenced a generation of cancer drug development. Retinoids have also demonstrated some efficacy in a handful of other disease entities, including as a maintenance therapy for neuroblastoma and in the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas; nevertheless, the promise of retinoids as a differentiating therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) more broadly, and as a cancer preventative, have largely gone unfulfilled. Recent research into the mechanisms of ATRA resistance and the biomarkers of RARα pathway dysregulation in AML have reinvigorated efforts to successfully deploy retinoid therapy in a broader subset of myeloid malignancies. Recent studies have demonstrated that the bone marrow environment is highly protected from exogenous ATRA via local homeostasis controlled by stromal cells expressing CYP26, a key enzyme responsible for ATRA inactivation. Synthetic CYP26-resistant retinoids such as tamibarotene bypass this stromal protection and have shown superior anti-leukemic effects. Furthermore, recent super-enhancer (SE) analysis has identified a novel AML subgroup characterized by high expression of RARα through strong SE levels in the gene locus and increased sensitivity to tamibarotene. Combined with a hypomethylating agent, synthetic retinoids have shown synergistic anti-leukemic effects in non-APL AML preclinical models and are now being studied in phase II and III clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Nagai
- Department of Hematology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe 650-0047, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Alexander J Ambinder
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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Sultana J, Dutta J, Mustarin S, Dey P, Roy A, Mamoon MY. Role of Prophylactic Steroids in Differentiation Syndrome. Cureus 2022; 14:e29531. [PMID: 36312659 PMCID: PMC9595262 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) is defined as a balanced chromosomal translocation between chromosomes 15 and 17 t(15;17)(q24;q21), which results in the formation of promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor-alpha (PML-RARA) fusion protein. A widespread recommendation for APML treatment is combined all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)/arsenic trioxide (ATO) therapy. Differentiation syndrome (DS), or retinoic acid syndrome, is one of the well-known complications of APML treated with ATRA or ATO. The presenting symptoms of APML-induced DS are diverse, and rare symptoms are easily misdiagnosed. However, unexplained fever, dyspnea, weight gain > 5 kg, leukocytosis, acute renal failure, and a chest radiograph demonstrating pleural or pericardial effusion are the most common manifestations of DS. Early recognition and prompt initiation of corticosteroids are key factors in the management of DS. As soon as ATRA/ATO therapy is started, prophylactic treatment with steroids has been recommended to minimize the severity of DS. It is proposed that ATRA/ATO should be stopped or held once the signs and symptoms of DS develop. This case report describes a 45-year-old male who was diagnosed with APML after he developed episodes of hematuria and nose bleeding at home. The patient was also given an empiric steroid along with ATRA/ATO to lessen the intensity of DS. Our study suggests that early initiation of prophylactic steroid treatment can improve the prognosis and mortality of patients with APML-induced DS.
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Novel inhibitor of hematopoietic cell kinase as a potential therapeutic agent for acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2022; 71:1909-1921. [DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Mas G, Santoro F, Blanco E, Gamarra Figueroa GP, Le Dily F, Frigè G, Vidal E, Mugianesi F, Ballaré C, Gutierrez A, Sparavier A, Marti-Renom MA, Minucci S, Di Croce L. In vivo temporal resolution of acute promyelocytic leukemia progression reveals a role of Klf4 in suppressing early leukemic transformation. Genes Dev 2022; 36:451-467. [PMID: 35450883 PMCID: PMC9067408 DOI: 10.1101/gad.349115.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Mas et al. used primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and leukemic blasts that express the fusion protein PML-RARα as a paradigm to temporally dissect the dynamic changes in the epigenome, transcriptome, and genome architecture induced during oncogenic transformation. Their multiomics-integrated analysis identified Klf4 as an early down-regulated gene in PML-RARα-driven leukemogenesis, and they characterized the dynamic alterations in the Klf4 cis-regulatory network during APL progression and demonstrated that ectopic Klf4 overexpression can suppress self-renewal and reverse the differentiation block induced by PML-RARα. Genome organization plays a pivotal role in transcription, but how transcription factors (TFs) rewire the structure of the genome to initiate and maintain the programs that lead to oncogenic transformation remains poorly understood. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a fatal subtype of leukemia driven by a chromosomal translocation between the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) and retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) genes. We used primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and leukemic blasts that express the fusion protein PML-RARα as a paradigm to temporally dissect the dynamic changes in the epigenome, transcriptome, and genome architecture induced during oncogenic transformation. We found that PML-RARα initiates a continuum of topologic alterations, including switches from A to B compartments, transcriptional repression, loss of active histone marks, and gain of repressive histone marks. Our multiomics-integrated analysis identifies Klf4 as an early down-regulated gene in PML-RARα-driven leukemogenesis. Furthermore, we characterized the dynamic alterations in the Klf4 cis-regulatory network during APL progression and demonstrated that ectopic Klf4 overexpression can suppress self-renewal and reverse the differentiation block induced by PML-RARα. Our study provides a comprehensive in vivo temporal dissection of the epigenomic and topological reprogramming induced by an oncogenic TF and illustrates how topological architecture can be used to identify new drivers of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glòria Mas
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Fabio Santoro
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan 20139, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Enrique Blanco
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | | | - François Le Dily
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Gianmaria Frigè
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan 20139, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Enrique Vidal
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Francesca Mugianesi
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG), Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Cecilia Ballaré
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Arantxa Gutierrez
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Aleksandra Sparavier
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG), Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Marc A Marti-Renom
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Centro Nacional de Análisis Genómico (CNAG), Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan 20139, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Luciano Di Croce
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08003, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain
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11
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Mancuso RI, Azambuja JH, Niemann FS, Congrains A, Foglio MA, Rego EM, Olalla Saad ST. Artemisinins induce endoplasmic reticulum stress in acute leukaemia cells in vitro and in vivo. EJHAEM 2021; 2:818-822. [PMID: 35845184 PMCID: PMC9175883 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Loss of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis leads to ER stress, thus prolonged activation can lead to apoptosis. Herein, artesunate (ART) induced ER stress in leukaemia cells, resulting in eIF2α phosphorylation, activation of transcription factor 4, subsequent CHOP upregulation and XBP1 splicing. Furthermore, in vitro cyclin/CDKs reduction induced G1‐phase arrest. An in vivo xenograft model showed a consistent pattern of ART in reducing tumour burden, supporting roles in the UPR pathway, which we speculate could lead to apoptosis by NOXA activation. Moreover, ART were capable of increasing the survival of mice. Taken together, our data indicate that ART may represent an interesting weapon to fight leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubia Isler Mancuso
- Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Center University of Campinas Campinas Brazil
| | | | | | - Ada Congrains
- Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Center University of Campinas Campinas Brazil
| | - Mary Ann Foglio
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science University of Campinas Campinas Brazil
| | - Eduardo Magalhães Rego
- Center for Cell Based Therapy University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto Brazil
- Haematology Division, LIM31, Faculdade de Medicina University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
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12
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de Almeida LY, Pereira-Martins DA, Weinhäuser I, Ortiz C, Cândido LA, Lange AP, De Abreu NF, Mendonza SES, de Deus Wagatsuma VM, Do Nascimento MC, Paiva HH, Alves-Paiva RM, Bonaldo CCOM, Nascimento DC, Alves-Filho JC, Scheucher PS, Lima ASG, Schuringa JJ, Ammantuna E, Ottone T, Noguera NI, Araujo CL, Rego EM. The Combination of Gefitinib With ATRA and ATO Induces Myeloid Differentiation in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Resistant Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:686445. [PMID: 34650910 PMCID: PMC8506138 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.686445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In approximately 15% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), total and phosphorylated EGFR proteins have been reported to be increased compared to healthy CD34+ samples. However, it is unclear if this subset of patients would benefit from EGFR signaling pharmacological inhibition. Pre-clinical studies on AML cells provided evidence on the pro-differentiation benefits of EGFR inhibitors when combined with ATRA or ATO in vitro. Despite the success of ATRA and ATO in the treatment of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), therapy-associated resistance is observed in 5-10% of the cases, pointing to a clear need for new therapeutic strategies for those patients. In this context, the functional role of EGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitors has never been evaluated in APL. Here, we investigated the EGFR pathway in primary samples along with functional in vitro and in vivo studies using several APL models. We observed that total and phosphorylated EGFR (Tyr992) was expressed in 28% and 19% of blast cells from APL patients, respectively, but not in healthy CD34+ samples. Interestingly, the expression of the EGF was lower in APL plasma samples than in healthy controls. The EGFR ligand AREG was detected in 29% of APL patients at diagnosis, but not in control samples. In vitro, treatment with the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib (ZD1839) reduced cell proliferation and survival of NB4 (ATRA-sensitive) and NB4-R2 (ATRA-resistant) cells. Moreover, the combination of gefitinib with ATRA and ATO promoted myeloid cell differentiation in ATRA- and ATO-resistant APL cells. In vivo, the combination of gefitinib and ATRA prolonged survival compared to gefitinib- or vehicle-treated leukemic mice in a syngeneic transplantation model, while the gain in survival did not reach statistical difference compared to treatment with ATRA alone. Our results suggest that gefitinib is a potential adjuvant agent that can mitigate ATRA and ATO resistance in APL cells. Therefore, our data indicate that repurposing FDA-approved tyrosine-kinase inhibitors could provide new perspectives into combination therapy to overcome drug resistance in APL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Yamamoto de Almeida
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Diego A Pereira-Martins
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Department of Experimental Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Isabel Weinhäuser
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Department of Experimental Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - César Ortiz
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Larissa A Cândido
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Lange
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Nayara F De Abreu
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Sílvia E S Mendonza
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Virgínia M de Deus Wagatsuma
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Mariane C Do Nascimento
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Helder H Paiva
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Raquel M Alves-Paiva
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Daniele C Nascimento
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - José C Alves-Filho
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Priscila S Scheucher
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana Sílvia G Lima
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Jan Jacob Schuringa
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Emanuele Ammantuna
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Tiziana Ottone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Santa Lucia Foundation, I.R.C.C.S., Neuro-Oncohematology, Rome, Italy.,Hematology Division, Laboratórios de Investigação Médica 31 (LIM 31), Faculdade de Medicina, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nelida I Noguera
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Cleide L Araujo
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Rego
- Department of Medical Images, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, University of Sao Paulo at Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Hematology Division, Laboratórios de Investigação Médica 31 (LIM 31), Faculdade de Medicina, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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13
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A novel fusion protein TBLR1-RARα acts as an oncogene to induce murine promyelocytic leukemia: identification and treatment strategies. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:607. [PMID: 34117212 PMCID: PMC8196070 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03889-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by a specific chromosome translocation involving RARα and its fusion partners. For decades, the advent of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) synergized with arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has turned most APL from highly fatal to highly curable. TBLR1-RARα (TR) is the tenth fusion gene of APL identified in our previous study, with its oncogenic role in the pathogenesis of APL not wholly unraveled. In this study, we found the expression of TR in mouse hematopoietic progenitors induces blockade of differentiation with enhanced proliferative capacity in vitro. A novel murine transplantable leukemia model was then established by expressing TR fusion gene in lineage-negative bone marrow mononuclear cells. Characteristics of primary TR mice revealed a rapid onset of aggressive leukemia with bleeding diathesis, which recapitulates human APL more accurately than other models. Despite the in vitro sensitivity to ATRA-induced cell differentiation, neither ATRA monotherapy nor combination with As2O3 confers survival benefit to TR mice, consistent with poor clinical outcome of APL patients with TR fusion gene. Based on histone deacetylation phenotypes implied by bioinformatic analysis, HDAC inhibitors demonstrated significant survival superiority in the survival of TR mice, yielding insights into clinical efficacy against rare types of APL.
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14
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Della Via FI, Shiraishi RN, Santos I, Ferro KP, Salazar-Terreros MJ, Franchi Junior GC, Rego EM, Saad STO, Torello CO. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces apoptosis and differentiation in leukaemia by targeting reactive oxygen species and PIN1. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9103. [PMID: 33907248 PMCID: PMC8079435 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88478-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major active polyphenol extracted from green tea, has been shown to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation, cell invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. Herein, we evaluated the in vivo effects of EGCG in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) using an acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) experimental model (PML/RARα). Haematological analysis revealed that EGCG treatment reversed leucocytosis, anaemia and thrombocytopenia, and prolonged survival of PML/RARα mice. Notably, EGCG reduced leukaemia immature cells and promyelocytes in the bone marrow while increasing mature myeloid cells, possibly due to apoptosis increase and cell differentiation. The reduction of promyelocytes and neutrophils/monocytes increase detected in the peripheral blood, in addition to the increased percentage of bone marrow cells with aggregated promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) bodies staining and decreased expression of PML-RAR oncoprotein corroborates our results. In addition, EGCG increased expression of neutrophil differentiation markers such as CD11b, CD14, CD15 and CD66 in NB4 cells; and the combination of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) plus EGCG yield higher increase the expression of CD15 marker. These findings could be explained by a decrease of peptidyl-prolyl isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1) expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase. EGCG also decreased expression of substrate oncoproteins for PIN1 (including cyclin D1, NF-κB p65, c-MYC, and AKT) and 67 kDa laminin receptor (67LR) in the bone marrow cells. Moreover, EGCG showed inhibition of ROS production in NB4 cells in the presence of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), as well as a partial blockage of neutrophil differentiation and apoptosis, indicating that EGCG-activities involve/or are in response of oxidative stress. Furthermore, apoptosis of spleen cells was supported by increasing expression of BAD and BAX, parallel to BCL-2 and c-MYC decrease. The reduction of spleen weights of PML/RARα mice, as well as apoptosis induced by EGCG in NB4 cells in a dose-dependent manner confirms this assumption. Our results support further evaluation of EGCG in clinical trials for AML, since EGCG could represent a promising option for AML patient ineligible for current mainstay treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Isabel Della Via
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Centre – Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-878 Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Naoto Shiraishi
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Centre – Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-878 Brazil
| | - Irene Santos
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Centre – Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-878 Brazil
| | - Karla Priscila Ferro
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Centre – Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-878 Brazil
| | - Myriam Janeth Salazar-Terreros
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Centre – Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-878 Brazil
| | - Gilberto Carlos Franchi Junior
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Onco-Haematological Child Centre, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Eduardo Magalhães Rego
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Haematology and Clinical Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14048-900 Brazil
| | - Sara Teresinha Olalla Saad
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Centre – Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-878 Brazil
| | - Cristiane Okuda Torello
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Centre – Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-878 Brazil
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15
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Yu X, Weng T, Gu C, Yang H. Comparison of gene regulatory networks to identify pathogenic genes for lymphoma. J Bioinform Comput Biol 2020; 18:2050029. [PMID: 33131362 DOI: 10.1142/s0219720020500298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lymphoma is the most complicated cancer that can be divided into several tens of subtypes. It may occur in any part of body that has lymphocytes, and is closely correlated with diverse environmental factors such as the ionizing radiation, chemocarcinogenesis, and virus infection. All the environmental factors affect the lymphoma through genes. Identifying pathogenic genes for lymphoma is consequently an essential task to understand its complexity in a unified framework. In this paper, we propose a new method to expose high-confident edges in gene regulatory networks (GRNs) for a total of 32 organs, called Filtered GRNs (f-GRNs), comparison of which gives us a proper reference for the Lymphoma, i.e. the B-lymphocytes cells, whose f-GRN is closest with that for the Lymphoma. By using the Gene Ontology and Biological Process analysis we display the differences of the two networks' hubs in biological functions. Matching with the Genecards shows that most of the hubs take part in the genetic information transmission and expression, except a specific gene of Retinoic Acid Receptor Alpha (RARA) that encodes the retinoic acid receptor. In the lymphoma, the genes in the RARA ego-network are involved in two cancer pathways, and the RARA is present only in these cancer pathways. For the lymphoid B cells, however, the genes in the RARA ego-network do not participate in cancer-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- Department of Systems Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Jungong Road No. 516, Shanghai 200093, P. R. China
| | - Tongfeng Weng
- Department of Systems Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Jungong Road No. 516, Shanghai 200093, P. R. China
| | - Changgui Gu
- Department of Systems Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Jungong Road No. 516, Shanghai 200093, P. R. China
| | - Huijie Yang
- Department of Systems Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Jungong Road No. 516, Shanghai 200093, P. R. China
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16
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Schwaller J. Learning from mouse models of MLL fusion gene-driven acute leukemia. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2020; 1863:194550. [PMID: 32320749 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2020.194550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
5-10% of human acute leukemias carry chromosomal translocations involving the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene that result in the expression of chimeric protein fusing MLL to >80 different partners of which AF4, ENL and AF9 are the most prevalent. In contrast to many other leukemia-associated mutations, several MLL-fusions are powerful oncogenes that transform hematopoietic stem cells but also more committed progenitor cells. Here, I review different approaches that were used to express MLL fusions in the murine hematopoietic system which often, but not always, resulted in highly penetrant and transplantable leukemias that closely phenocopied the human disease. Due to its simple and reliable nature, reconstitution of irradiated mice with bone marrow cells retrovirally expressing the MLL-AF9 fusion became the most frequently in vivo model to study the biology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). I review some of the most influential studies that used this model to dissect critical protein interactions, the impact of epigenetic regulators, microRNAs and microenvironment-dependent signals for MLL fusion-driven leukemia. In addition, I highlight studies that used this model for shRNA- or genome editing-based screens for cellular vulnerabilities that allowed to identify novel therapeutic targets of which some entered clinical trials. Finally, I discuss some inherent characteristics of the widely used mouse model based on retroviral expression of the MLL-AF9 fusion that can limit general conclusions for the biology of AML. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The MLL family of proteins in normal development and disease edited by Thomas A Milne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juerg Schwaller
- University Children's Hospital Beider Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland.
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17
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Liquori A, Ibañez M, Sargas C, Sanz MÁ, Barragán E, Cervera J. Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: A Constellation of Molecular Events around a Single PML-RARA Fusion Gene. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030624. [PMID: 32182684 PMCID: PMC7139833 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is one of the most characterized forms of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of this disease are still a matter of study. APL is defined by the PML-RARA rearrangement as a consequence of the translocation t(15;17)(q24;q21). However, this abnormality alone is not able to trigger the whole leukemic phenotype and secondary cooperating events might contribute to APL pathogenesis. Additional somatic mutations are known to occur recurrently in several genes, such as FLT3, WT1, NRAS and KRAS, whereas mutations in other common AML genes are rarely detected, resulting in a different molecular profile compared to other AML subtypes. How this mutational spectrum, including point mutations in the PML-RARA fusion gene, could contribute to the 10%–15% of relapsed or resistant APL patients is still unknown. Moreover, due to the uncertain impact of additional mutations on prognosis, the identification of the APL-specific genetic lesion is still the only method recommended in the routine evaluation/screening at diagnosis and for minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment. However, the gene expression profile of genes, such as ID1, BAALC, ERG, and KMT2E, once combined with the molecular events, might improve future prognostic models, allowing us to predict clinical outcomes and to categorize APL patients in different risk subsets, as recently reported. In this review, we will focus on the molecular characterization of APL patients at diagnosis, relapse and resistance, in both children and adults. We will also describe different standardized molecular approaches to study MRD, including those recently developed. Finally, we will discuss how novel molecular findings can improve the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Liquori
- Accredited Research Group in Hematology and Hemotherapy, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (A.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Mariam Ibañez
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (M.I.); (M.Á.S.); (E.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Sargas
- Accredited Research Group in Hematology and Hemotherapy, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (A.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Miguel Ángel Sanz
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (M.I.); (M.Á.S.); (E.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Barragán
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (M.I.); (M.Á.S.); (E.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Cervera
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (M.I.); (M.Á.S.); (E.B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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18
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Ma L, Chen L, Li H, Ge L, Wang S, Zhang Z, Huang H, Shi L, Li T, Gu H, Lyu J, He L. Primaquine phosphate induces the apoptosis of ATRA-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia cells by inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 107:685-693. [PMID: 32125014 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0120-061rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
As a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by a chromosomal translocation, most of which result in the production of a PML-RAR alpha fusion protein. Although the overall survival rate of APL patients has improved dramatically due to all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment, ATRA-resistance remains a clinical challenge in the management of APL. Therefore, alternative agents should be considered for ATRA-resistant APL patients. Here, we report that antimalaria drug primaquine phosphate (PRQ) exhibits an anti-leukemia effect on both ATRA-sensitive cell line NB4 and ATRA-resistant APL cell lines, NB4-LR2, NB4-LR1, and NB4-MR2. Moreover, PRQ significantly inhibited primary colony formation of untreated or relapsed APL patients. Further study showed that PRQ could induce the apoptosis of APL cells by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. The in vivo study showed that PRQ significantly inhibited NB4-LR2 xenograft tumors growth. These results suggest that PRQ is a potential therapeutic agent for ATRA-resistant APL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lianjuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haoying Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lu Ge
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Siheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhida Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- Internal Medicine of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liuzhi Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tong Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haihua Gu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Licai He
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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19
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Abstract
Recurrent chromosomal rearrangements leading to the generation of oncogenic fusion proteins are a common feature of many cancers. These aberrations are particularly prevalent in sarcomas and haematopoietic malignancies and frequently involve genes required for chromatin regulation and transcriptional control. In many cases, these fusion proteins are thought to be the primary driver of cancer development, altering chromatin dynamics to initiate oncogenic gene expression programmes. In recent years, mechanistic insights into the underlying molecular functions of a number of these oncogenic fusion proteins have been discovered. These insights have allowed the design of mechanistically anchored therapeutic approaches promising substantial treatment advances. In this Review, we discuss how our understanding of fusion protein function is informing therapeutic innovations and illuminating mechanisms of chromatin and transcriptional regulation in cancer and normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard L Brien
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Scott A Armstrong
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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20
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The Impact of the Cellular Origin in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Learning From Mouse Models. Hemasphere 2019; 3:e152. [PMID: 31723801 PMCID: PMC6745939 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a genetically heterogeneous disease driven by a limited number of cooperating mutations. There is a long-standing debate as to whether AML driver mutations occur in hematopoietic stem or in more committed progenitor cells. Here, we review how different mouse models, despite their inherent limitations, have functionally demonstrated that cellular origin plays a critical role in the biology of the disease, influencing clinical outcome. AML driven by potent oncogenes such as mixed lineage leukemia fusions often seem to emerge from committed myeloid progenitors whereas AML without any major cytogenetic abnormalities seem to develop from a combination of preleukemic initiating events arising in the hematopoietic stem cell pool. More refined mouse models may serve as experimental platforms to identify and validate novel targeted therapeutic strategies.
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21
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FLT3-ITD impedes retinoic acid, but not arsenic, responses in murine acute promyelocytic leukemias. Blood 2019; 133:1495-1506. [PMID: 30674471 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-07-866095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is often associated with activating FLT3 signaling mutations. These are highly related to hyperleukocytosis, a major adverse risk factor with chemotherapy-based regimens. APL is a model for oncogene-targeted therapies: all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic both target and degrade its ProMyelocytic Leukemia/Retinoic Acid Receptor α (PML/RARA) driver. The combined ATRA/arsenic regimen now cures virtually all patients with standard-risk APL. Although FLT3-internal tandem duplication (ITD) was an adverse risk factor for historical ATRA/chemotherapy regimens, the molecular bases for this effect remain unknown. Using mouse APL models, we unexpectedly demonstrate that FLT3-ITD severely blunts ATRA response. Remarkably, although the transcriptional output of initial ATRA response is unaffected, ATRA-induced PML/RARA degradation is blunted, as is PML nuclear body reformation and activation of P53 signaling. Critically, the combination of ATRA and arsenic fully rescues therapeutic response in FLT3-ITD APLs, restoring PML/RARA degradation, PML nuclear body reformation, P53 activation, and APL eradication. Moreover, arsenic targeting of normal PML also contributes to APL response in vivo. These unexpected results explain the less favorable outcome of FLT3-ITD APLs with ATRA-based regimens, and stress the key role of PML nuclear bodies in APL eradication by the ATRA/arsenic combination.
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22
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Ni X, Hu G, Cai X. The success and the challenge of all-trans retinoic acid in the treatment of cancer. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:S71-S80. [PMID: 30277803 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1509201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, plays important roles in cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and embryonic development. The effects of ATRA are mediated by nuclear retinoid receptors as well as non-genomic signal pathway, such as MAPK and PKA. The great success of differentiation therapy with ATRA in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) not only improved the prognosis of APL but also spurred the studies of ATRA in the treatment of other tumors. Since the genetic and physiopathological simplicity of APL is not common in human malignancies, the combination of ATRA with other agents (chemotherapy, epigenetic modifiers, and arsenic trioxide, etc) had been extensively investigated in a variety of tumors. In this review, we will discuss in details about ATRA and its role in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Ni
- a Department of General Surgery , Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Guohua Hu
- a Department of General Surgery , Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xun Cai
- b Shanghai Institute of Hematology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics , Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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23
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Lucena-Araujo AR, Coelho-Silva JL, Pereira-Martins DA, Thomé C, Scheucher PS, Lange AP, Paiva HH, Hemmelgarn BT, Morais-Sobral MC, Azevedo EA, Franca-Neto PL, Franca RF, Silva CL, Krause A, Rego EM. ΔNp73 overexpression promotes resistance to apoptosis but does not cooperate with PML/RARA in the induction of an APL-leukemic phenotype. Oncotarget 2018; 8:8475-8483. [PMID: 28035072 PMCID: PMC5352415 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we evaluated whether the overexpression of transcriptionally inactive ΔNp73 cooperates with PML/RARA fusion protein in the induction of an APL-leukemic phenotype, as well as its role in vitro in proliferation, myeloid differentiation, and drug-induced apoptosis. Using lentiviral gene transfer, we showed in vitro that ΔNp73 overexpression resulted in increased proliferation in murine bone marrow (BM) cells from hCG-PML/RARA transgenic mice and their wild-type (WT) counterpart, with no accumulation of cells at G2/M or S phases; instead, ΔNp73-expressing cells had a lower rate of induced apoptosis. Next, we evaluated the effect of ΔNp73 on stem-cell self-renewal and myeloid differentiation. Primary BM cells lentivirally infected with human ΔNp73 were not immortalized in culture and did not present significant changes in the percentage of CD11b. Finally, we assessed the impact of ΔNp73 on leukemogenesis or its possible cooperation with PML/RARA fusion protein in the induction of an APL-leukemic phenotype. After 120 days of follow-up, all transplanted mice were clinically healthy and, no evidence of leukemia/myelodysplasia was apparent. Taken together, our data suggest that ΔNp73 had no leukemic transformation capacity by itself and apparently did not cooperate with the PML/RARA fusion protein to induce a leukemic phenotype in a murine BM transplantation model. In addition, the forced expression of ΔNp73 in murine BM progenitors did not alter the ATRA-induced differentiation rate in vitro or induce aberrant cell proliferation, but exerted an important role in cell survival, providing resistance to drug-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio R Lucena-Araujo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carolina Thomé
- Center for Cell Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Ana P Lange
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Helder H Paiva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana C Morais-Sobral
- Department of Microbiology, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Recife, Brazil
| | - Elisa A Azevedo
- Department of Virology, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael F Franca
- Department of Virology, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Recife, Brazil
| | - Cleide L Silva
- Center for Cell Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Krause
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Rego
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Center for Cell Based Therapy, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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24
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Voisset E, Moravcsik E, Stratford EW, Jaye A, Palgrave CJ, Hills RK, Salomoni P, Kogan SC, Solomon E, Grimwade D. Pml nuclear body disruption cooperates in APL pathogenesis and impairs DNA damage repair pathways in mice. Blood 2018; 131:636-648. [PMID: 29191918 PMCID: PMC5805489 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-07-794784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is altered nuclear architecture, with disruption of promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies (NBs) mediated by the PML-retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) oncoprotein. To address whether this phenomenon plays a role in disease pathogenesis, we generated a knock-in mouse model with NB disruption mediated by 2 point mutations (C62A/C65A) in the Pml RING domain. Although no leukemias developed in PmlC62A/C65A mice, these transgenic mice also expressing RARα linked to a dimerization domain (p50-RARα model) exhibited a doubling in the rate of leukemia, with a reduced latency period. Additionally, we found that response to targeted therapy with all-trans retinoic acid in vivo was dependent on NB integrity. PML-RARα is recognized to be insufficient for development of APL, requiring acquisition of cooperating mutations. We therefore investigated whether NB disruption might be mutagenic. Compared with wild-type cells, primary PmlC62A/C65A cells exhibited increased sister-chromatid exchange and chromosome abnormalities. Moreover, functional assays showed impaired homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) repair pathways, with defective localization of Brca1 and Rad51 to sites of DNA damage. These data directly demonstrate that Pml NBs are critical for DNA damage responses, and suggest that Pml NB disruption is a central contributor to APL pathogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- DNA Damage/genetics
- DNA End-Joining Repair/genetics
- DNA Repair/genetics
- Intranuclear Inclusion Bodies/genetics
- Intranuclear Inclusion Bodies/metabolism
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Mutagenesis/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein/genetics
- Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein/physiology
- Signal Transduction/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwige Voisset
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Moravcsik
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eva W Stratford
- Department of Tumor Biology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital/Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Amie Jaye
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Robert K Hills
- Centre for Trials Research, College of Biomedical & Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Scott C Kogan
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center and
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Ellen Solomon
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Grimwade
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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25
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Rejlova K, Musilova A, Kramarzova KS, Zaliova M, Fiser K, Alberich-Jorda M, Trka J, Starkova J. Low HOX gene expression in PML-RARα-positive leukemia results from suppressed histone demethylation. Epigenetics 2018; 13:73-84. [PMID: 29224413 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2017.1413517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeobox (HOX) genes are frequently dysregulated in leukemia. Previous studies have shown that aberrant HOX gene expression accompanies leukemogenesis and affects disease progression and leukemia patient survival. Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) bearing PML-RARα fusion gene have distinct HOX gene signature in comparison to other subtypes of AML patients, although the mechanism of transcription regulation is not completely understood. We previously found an association between the mRNA levels of HOX genes and those of the histone demethylases JMJD3 and UTX in PML-RARα- positive leukemia patients. Here, we demonstrate that the release of the PML-RARα-mediated block in PML-RARα-positive myeloid leukemia cells increased both JMJD3 and HOX gene expression, while inhibition of JMJD3 using the specific inhibitor GSK-J4 reversed the effect. This effect was driven specifically through PML-RARα fusion protein since expression changes did not occur in cells with mutated RARα and was independent of differentiation. We confirmed that gene expression levels were inversely correlated with alterations in H3K27me3 histone marks localized at HOX gene promoters. Furthermore, data from chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing broaden a list of clustered HOX genes regulated by JMJD3 in PML-RARα-positive leukemic cells. Interestingly, the combination of GSK-J4 and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) significantly increased PML-RARα-positive cell apoptosis compared with ATRA treatment alone. This effect was also observed in ATRA-resistant NB4 clones, which may provide a new therapeutic opportunity for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) resistant to current treatment. The results of our study reveal the mechanism of HOX gene expression regulation and contribute to our understanding of APL pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Rejlova
- a CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague.,b Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology , Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Alena Musilova
- a CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague.,b Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology , Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Karolina Skvarova Kramarzova
- a CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague.,b Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology , Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Zaliova
- a CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague.,b Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology , Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Karel Fiser
- a CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague.,b Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology , Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic
| | | | - Jan Trka
- a CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague.,b Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology , Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic.,c University Hospital Motol , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Julia Starkova
- a CLIP - Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague.,b Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology , Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic
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26
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Torello CO, Shiraishi RN, Della Via FI, Castro TCLD, Longhini AL, Santos I, Bombeiro AL, Silva CLA, Queiroz MLDS, Rego EM, Saad STO. Reactive oxygen species production triggers green tea-induced anti-leukaemic effects on acute promyelocytic leukaemia model. Cancer Lett 2017; 414:116-126. [PMID: 29129782 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Green tea (GT) has been consumed as a beverage for thousands of years because of its therapeutic properties observed over time. Because there is no sufficient evidence supporting the protective role of tea intake during the development of acute myeloid leukaemia, we herein study GT extract effects on an acute promyelocytic leukaemia model. Our results demonstrated that GT reduces leucocytosis and immature cells (blasts) in peripheral blood, bone marrow (BM), and spleen of leukaemic mice, parallel with an increase of mature cells in the BM. In addition, GT induces apoptosis of cells in the BM and spleen, confirmed by activation of caspase-3, -8 and -9; GT reduces the malignant clones CD34+ and CD117+ in the BM and reduces CD117+ and Gr1+ immature myeloid cells in the spleen; GT increases intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the BM Gr1+ cells while reducing CD34+ and CD117+ cells; GT reduces CXCR4 expression on CD34+ and CD117+ cells, and reduces the nuclear translocation of HIF-1α. GT has anti-proliferative effects in leukaemia in vivo by inhibiting malignant clone expansion, probably by modulating the intracellular production of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Okuda Torello
- Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Center-Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, CEP 13083-878, Campinas, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, CEP 13083-887, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Naoto Shiraishi
- Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Center-Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, CEP 13083-878, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Isabel Della Via
- Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Center-Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, CEP 13083-878, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Leda Longhini
- Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Center-Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, CEP 13083-878, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Irene Santos
- Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Center-Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, CEP 13083-878, Campinas, Brazil
| | - André Luis Bombeiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, CEP 13083-865, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Cleide Lúcia Araujo Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto and Center for Cell Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, CEP 14048-900, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mary Luci de Souza Queiroz
- Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Center-Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, CEP 13083-878, Campinas, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, CEP 13083-887, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Magalhães Rego
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto and Center for Cell Based Therapy, University of São Paulo, CEP 14048-900, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Sara Teresinha Olalla Saad
- Haematology and Transfusion Medicine Center-Hemocentro, University of Campinas, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Sangue, CEP 13083-878, Campinas, Brazil.
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27
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Shan ZL, Zhu XY, Ma PP, Wang H, Chen J, Li J, Zhong L, Liu BZ. PML(NLS¯) protein: A novel marker for the early diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5418-5424. [PMID: 28849126 PMCID: PMC5647086 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Promyelocyte leukemia-retinoic acid receptor α (PML-RARα) is known as a fusion gene of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Previous studies have reported that neutrophil elastase (NE) cleaves PML-RARα in early myeloid cells, which leads to the removal of the nuclear localization signal (NLS) in PML and increases the incidence of APL. The resultant PML without the NLS is termed PML(NLS−). The aim of the present study was to verify the existence and location of the PML(NLS−) protein in NB4 cells. NB4 cells underwent electroporation with the pCMV-HA-NE plasmid to form NB4-HA-NE cells, which were then transplanted to produce tumors in nude mice and samples were collected from patients with APL. Western blot analysis, an immunofluorescence assay, confocal laser microscopy and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the expression and localization of the PML(NLS−) protein. The findings demonstrated that PML(NLS−) was detectable in the cytoplasm of NB4-HA-NE cells, the tumors in nude mice and in neutrophils from patients with APL. This indicated that PML(NLS−) may be an effective and novel target for the diagnosis of APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ling Shan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Central Laboratory of Yong‑chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Central Laboratory of Yong‑chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Peng Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Central Laboratory of Yong‑chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Central Laboratory of Yong‑chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Jianbin Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 630014, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Bei-Zhong Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Central Laboratory of Yong‑chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
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28
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29
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Xu T, Yang XQ, Jiang KL, Wang H, Ma PP, Zhong L, Liu BZ. Expression of the promyelocytic leukemia protein without the nuclear localization signal as a novel diagnostic marker for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:986-994. [PMID: 28075463 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor α (PML-RARα) is a fusion protein generated by the t(15;17)(q22;q12) translocation associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). PML-RARα is cleaved by neutrophil elastase, an early myeloid-specific serine protease, leading to translocation of the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of the PML protein to the N-terminal of RARα, and the mutational product PML(NLS-). The present study was designed to analyze the role of the NLS in mediating PML transport into the nucleus and to evaluate the value of measuring NLS translocation in the early diagnosis of APL. PML and PML(NLS-) localization was examined by immunofluorescence (IF). The interaction between PML/PML(NLS-) and importin α was detected by an in vivo binding assay using co-immunoprecipitation and double IF labeling. Twenty-seven untreated APL patients with PML-RARα and 22 non-APL controls were evaluated. PML(NLS-) was detected in primary APL, but not non-APL cells. IF showed that PML was localized to the nucleus, interacted with importin α in vivo, and co-localized in the PML nuclear bodies. PML(NLS-) was primarily localized in the cytoplasm and the interaction with importin α was lost. IF had a sensitivity and specificity of 92.6 and 77.3%, respectively, for diagnosing APL. These data suggest that PML(NLS-) may be a novel diagnostic biomarker for APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qun Yang
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Ling Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Peng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Bei-Zhong Liu
- Central Laboratory of Yong-Chuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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30
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Weng XQ, Sheng Y, Ge DZ, Wu J, Shi L, Cai X. RAF-1/MEK/ERK pathway regulates ATRA-induced differentiation in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells through C/EBPβ, C/EBPε and PU.1. Leuk Res 2016; 45:68-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Rocha-Martins M, Cavalheiro GR, Matos-Rodrigues GE, Martins RAP. From Gene Targeting to Genome Editing: Transgenic animals applications and beyond. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2016; 87:1323-48. [PMID: 26397828 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201520140710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome modification technologies are powerful tools for molecular biology and related areas. Advances in animal transgenesis and genome editing technologies during the past three decades allowed systematic interrogation of gene function that can help model how the genome influences cellular physiology. Genetic engineering via homologous recombination (HR) has been the standard method to modify genomic sequences. Nevertheless, nuclease-guided genome editing methods that were developed recently, such as ZFN, TALEN and CRISPR/Cas, opened new perspectives for biomedical research. Here, we present a brief historical perspective of genome modification methods, focusing on transgenic mice models. Moreover, we describe how new techniques were discovered and improved, present the paradigm shifts and discuss their limitations and applications for biomedical research as well as possible future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Rocha-Martins
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | - Gabriel R Cavalheiro
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
| | | | - Rodrigo A P Martins
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR
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Madan V, Shyamsunder P, Han L, Mayakonda A, Nagata Y, Sundaresan J, Kanojia D, Yoshida K, Ganesan S, Hattori N, Fulton N, Tan KT, Alpermann T, Kuo MC, Rostami S, Matthews J, Sanada M, Liu LZ, Shiraishi Y, Miyano S, Chendamarai E, Hou HA, Malnassy G, Ma T, Garg M, Ding LW, Sun QY, Chien W, Ikezoe T, Lill M, Biondi A, Larson RA, Powell BL, Lübbert M, Chng WJ, Tien HF, Heuser M, Ganser A, Koren-Michowitz M, Kornblau SM, Kantarjian HM, Nowak D, Hofmann WK, Yang H, Stock W, Ghavamzadeh A, Alimoghaddam K, Haferlach T, Ogawa S, Shih LY, Mathews V, Koeffler HP. Comprehensive mutational analysis of primary and relapse acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia 2016; 30:1672-81. [PMID: 27063598 PMCID: PMC4972641 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of myeloid leukemia characterized by differentiation block at the promyelocyte stage. Besides the presence of chromosomal rearrangement t(15;17), leading to the formation of PML-RARA (promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor alpha) fusion, other genetic alterations have also been implicated in APL. Here, we performed comprehensive mutational analysis of primary and relapse APL to identify somatic alterations, which cooperate with PML-RARA in the pathogenesis of APL. We explored the mutational landscape using whole-exome (n=12) and subsequent targeted sequencing of 398 genes in 153 primary and 69 relapse APL. Both primary and relapse APL harbored an average of eight non-silent somatic mutations per exome. We observed recurrent alterations of FLT3, WT1, NRAS and KRAS in the newly diagnosed APL, whereas mutations in other genes commonly mutated in myeloid leukemia were rarely detected. The molecular signature of APL relapse was characterized by emergence of frequent mutations in PML and RARA genes. Our sequencing data also demonstrates incidence of loss-of-function mutations in previously unidentified genes, ARID1B and ARID1A, both of which encode for key components of the SWI/SNF complex. We show that knockdown of ARID1B in APL cell line, NB4, results in large-scale activation of gene expression and reduced in vitro differentiation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Madan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - P Shyamsunder
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L Han
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Mayakonda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y Nagata
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - J Sundaresan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - D Kanojia
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Ganesan
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - N Hattori
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - N Fulton
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - K-T Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - T Alpermann
- Munich Leukemia Laboratory (MLL), Munich, Germany
| | - M-C Kuo
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - S Rostami
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - J Matthews
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Sanada
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - L-Z Liu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y Shiraishi
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Miyano
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - E Chendamarai
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - H-A Hou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, Medical College and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - G Malnassy
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - T Ma
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - M Garg
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L-W Ding
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Q-Y Sun
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - W Chien
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - T Ikezoe
- Department of Hematology and Respiratory Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - M Lill
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A Biondi
- Paediatric Haematology-Oncology Department and 'Tettamanti' Research Centre, Milano-Bicocca University, 'Fondazione MBBM', San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - R A Larson
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - B L Powell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Hematology and Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - M Lübbert
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - W J Chng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore (NCIS), The National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
| | - H-F Tien
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, Medical College and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Heuser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Ganser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - M Koren-Michowitz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - S M Kornblau
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - H M Kantarjian
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D Nowak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - W-K Hofmann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - H Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - W Stock
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Ghavamzadeh
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - K Alimoghaddam
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - T Haferlach
- Munich Leukemia Laboratory (MLL), Munich, Germany
| | - S Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - L-Y Shih
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - V Mathews
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - H P Koeffler
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore (NCIS), The National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore
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Mi JQ, Chen SJ, Zhou GB, Yan XJ, Chen Z. Synergistic targeted therapy for acute promyelocytic leukaemia: a model of translational research in human cancer. J Intern Med 2015; 278:627-42. [PMID: 26058416 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), the M3 subtype of acute myeloid leukaemia, was once a lethal disease, yet nowadays the majority of patients with APL can be successfully cured by molecularly targeted therapy. This dramatic improvement in the survival rate is an example of the advantage of modern medicine. APL is characterized by a balanced reciprocal chromosomal translocation fusing the promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) gene on chromosome 15 with the retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) gene on chromosome 17. It has been found that all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) or arsenic trioxide (ATO) alone exerts therapeutic effect on APL patients with the PML-RARα fusion gene, and the combination of both drugs can act synergistically to further enhance the cure rate of the patients. Here, we provide an insight into the pathogenesis of APL and the mechanisms underlying the respective roles of ATRA and ATO. In addition, treatments that lead to more effective differentiation and apoptosis of APL cells, including leukaemia-initiating cells, and more thorough eradication of the disease will be discussed. Moreover, as a model of translational research, the development of a cure for APL has followed a bidirectional approach of 'bench to bedside' and 'bedside to bench', which can serve as a valuable example for the diagnosis and treatment of other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Q Mi
- State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics and Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Pôle Sino-Français des Sciences du Vivant et Genomique, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S-J Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics and Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Pôle Sino-Français des Sciences du Vivant et Genomique, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G-B Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X-J Yan
- Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Z Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics and Department of Hematology, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Systems Biomedicine, Pôle Sino-Français des Sciences du Vivant et Genomique, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Cole CB, Verdoni AM, Ketkar S, Leight ER, Russler-Germain DA, Lamprecht TL, Demeter RT, Magrini V, Ley TJ. PML-RARA requires DNA methyltransferase 3A to initiate acute promyelocytic leukemia. J Clin Invest 2015; 126:85-98. [PMID: 26595813 DOI: 10.1172/jci82897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA methyltransferases DNMT3A and DNMT3B are primarily responsible for de novo methylation of specific cytosine residues in CpG dinucleotides during mammalian development. While loss-of-function mutations in DNMT3A are highly recurrent in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), DNMT3A mutations are almost never found in AML patients with translocations that create oncogenic fusion genes such as PML-RARA, RUNX1-RUNX1T1, and MLL-AF9. Here, we explored how DNMT3A is involved in the function of these fusion genes. We used retroviral vectors to express PML-RARA, RUNX1-RUNX1T1, or MLL-AF9 in bone marrow cells derived from WT or DNMT3A-deficient mice. Additionally, we examined the phenotypes of hematopoietic cells from Ctsg-PML-RARA mice, which express PML-RARA in early hematopoietic progenitors and myeloid precursors, with or without DNMT3A. We determined that the methyltransferase activity of DNMT3A, but not DNMT3B, is required for aberrant PML-RARA-driven self-renewal ex vivo and that DNMT3A is dispensable for RUNX1-RUNX1T1- and MLL-AF9-driven self-renewal. Furthermore, both the PML-RARA-driven competitive transplantation advantage and development of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) required DNMT3A. Together, these findings suggest that PML-RARA requires DNMT3A to initiate APL in mice.
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35
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Assis PA, De Figueiredo-Pontes LL, Lima ASG, Leão V, Cândido LA, Pintão CT, Garcia AB, Saggioro FP, Panepucci RA, Chahud F, Nagler A, Falcão RP, Rego EM. Halofuginone inhibits phosphorylation of SMAD-2 reducing angiogenesis and leukemia burden in an acute promyelocytic leukemia mouse model. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2015; 34:65. [PMID: 26099922 PMCID: PMC4486128 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Halofuginone (HF) is a low-molecular-weight alkaloid that has been demonstrated to interfere with Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and Tumor Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) function and, to present antiangiogenic, antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties in several solid tumor models. Based on the fact that high levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and increased angiogenesis have been described in acute myeloid leukemia and associated with disease progression, we studied the in vivo effects of HF using an Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) mouse model. Methods NOD/SCID mice were transplanted with leukemic cells from hCG-PML/RARA transgenic mice (TM) and treated with HF 150 μg/kg/day for 21 days. The leukemic infiltration and the percentage of VEGF+ cells were evaluated by morphology and flow cytometry. The effect of HF on the gene expression of several pro- and antiangiogenic factors, phosphorylation of SMAD2 and VEGF secretion was assessed in vitro using NB4 and HUVEC cells. Results HF treatment resulted in hematological remission with decreased accumulation of immature cell and lower amounts of VEGF in BM of leukemic mice. In vitro, HF modulated gene expression of several pro- and antiangiogenic factors, reduced VEGF secretion and phosphorylation of SMAD2, blocking TGF-β-signaling. Conclusion Taken together, our results demonstrate that HF inhibits SMAD2 signaling and reduces leukemia growth and angiogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-015-0181-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Assis
- Hematology and Oncology Divisions of the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049900, Brazil.
| | - Lorena L De Figueiredo-Pontes
- Hematology and Oncology Divisions of the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049900, Brazil.
| | - Ana Silvia G Lima
- Hematology and Oncology Divisions of the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049900, Brazil.
| | - Vitor Leão
- Hematology and Oncology Divisions of the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049900, Brazil.
| | - Larissa A Cândido
- Hematology and Oncology Divisions of the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049900, Brazil.
| | - Carolina T Pintão
- Hematology and Oncology Divisions of the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049900, Brazil.
| | - Aglair B Garcia
- Hematology and Oncology Divisions of the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049900, Brazil.
| | - Fabiano P Saggioro
- Pathology Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049900, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo A Panepucci
- Hematology and Oncology Divisions of the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049900, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Chahud
- Pathology Department, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049900, Brazil.
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Hematology Division and Cord Blood Bank, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Hashomer, 6997801, Israel.
| | - Roberto P Falcão
- Hematology and Oncology Divisions of the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049900, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo M Rego
- Hematology and Oncology Divisions of the Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14049900, Brazil.
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Gaillard C, Tokuyasu TA, Rosen G, Sotzen J, Vitaliano-Prunier A, Roy R, Passegué E, de Thé H, Figueroa ME, Kogan SC. Transcription and methylation analyses of preleukemic promyelocytes indicate a dual role for PML/RARA in leukemia initiation. Haematologica 2015; 100:1064-75. [PMID: 26088929 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2014.123018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia is an aggressive malignancy characterized by the accumulation of promyelocytes in the bone marrow. PML/RARA is the primary abnormality implicated in this pathology, but the mechanisms by which this chimeric fusion protein initiates disease are incompletely understood. Identifying PML/RARA targets in vivo is critical for comprehending the road to pathogenesis. Utilizing a novel sorting strategy, we isolated highly purified promyelocyte populations from normal and young preleukemic animals, carried out microarray and methylation profiling analyses, and compared the results from the two groups of animals. Surprisingly, in the absence of secondary lesions, PML/RARA had an overall limited impact on both the transcriptome and methylome. Of interest, we did identify down-regulation of secondary and tertiary granule genes as the first step engaging the myeloid maturation block. Although initially not sufficient to arrest terminal granulopoiesis in vivo, such alterations set the stage for the later, complete differentiation block seen in leukemia. Further, gene set enrichment analysis revealed that PML/RARA promyelocytes exhibit a subtle increase in expression of cell cycle genes, and we show that this leads to both increased proliferation of these cells and expansion of the promyelocyte compartment. Importantly, this proliferation signature was absent from the poorly leukemogenic p50/RARA fusion model, implying a critical role for PML in the altered cell-cycle kinetics and ability to initiate leukemia. Thus, our findings challenge the predominant model in the field and we propose that PML/RARA initiates leukemia by subtly shifting cell fate decisions within the promyelocyte compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coline Gaillard
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris-Diderot UMR 944/7212, France
| | - Taku A Tokuyasu
- Computational Biology Core, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Galit Rosen
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children's Hospital, AZ, USA
| | - Jason Sotzen
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Ritu Roy
- Computational Biology Core, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Passegué
- Department of Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hugues de Thé
- Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris-Diderot UMR 944/7212, France
| | - Maria E Figueroa
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Scott C Kogan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Teo T, Lam F, Yu M, Yang Y, Basnet SKC, Albrecht H, Sykes MJ, Wang S. Pharmacologic Inhibition of MNKs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 88:380-9. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.098012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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38
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Wei S, Kozono S, Kats L, Nechama M, Li W, Guarnerio J, Luo M, You MH, Yao Y, Kondo A, Hu H, Bozkurt G, Moerke NJ, Cao S, Reschke M, Chen CH, Rego EM, LoCoco F, Cantley L, Lee TH, Wu H, Zhang Y, Pandolfi PP, Zhou XZ, Lu KP. Active Pin1 is a key target of all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia and breast cancer. Nat Med 2015; 21:457-66. [PMID: 25849135 PMCID: PMC4425616 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A common key regulator of oncogenic signaling pathways in multiple tumor types is the unique isomerase Pin1. However, available Pin1 inhibitors lack the required specificity and potency for inhibiting Pin1 function in vivo. By using mechanism-based screening, here we find that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)--a therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) that is considered the first example of targeted therapy in cancer, but whose drug target remains elusive--inhibits and degrades active Pin1 selectively in cancer cells by directly binding to the substrate phosphate- and proline-binding pockets in the Pin1 active site. ATRA-induced Pin1 ablation degrades the protein encoded by the fusion oncogene PML-RARA and treats APL in APL cell and animal models as well as in human patients. ATRA-induced Pin1 ablation also potently inhibits triple-negative breast cancer cell growth in human cells and in animal models by acting on many Pin1 substrate oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Thus, ATRA simultaneously blocks multiple Pin1-regulated cancer-driving pathways, an attractive property for treating aggressive and drug-resistant tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Catalysis
- Catalytic Domain
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism
- MCF-7 Cells
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Knockout
- NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/genetics
- Phosphates/chemistry
- Phosphorylation
- Proline/chemistry
- Tretinoin/metabolism
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wei
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shingo Kozono
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lev Kats
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Morris Nechama
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wenzong Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jlenia Guarnerio
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manli Luo
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mi-Hyeon You
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yandan Yao
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Asami Kondo
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hai Hu
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gunes Bozkurt
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nathan J. Moerke
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shugeng Cao
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Markus Reschke
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chun-Hau Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eduardo M. Rego
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Francesco LoCoco
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University and Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Lewis Cantley
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Pier Paolo Pandolfi
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kun Ping Lu
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Establishment of a humanized APL model via the transplantation of PML-RARA-transduced human common myeloid progenitors into immunodeficient mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111082. [PMID: 25369030 PMCID: PMC4219701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in cancer biology have revealed that many malignancies possess a hierarchal system, and leukemic stem cells (LSC) or leukemia-initiating cells (LIC) appear to be obligatory for disease progression. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia characterized by the formation of a PML-RARα fusion protein, leads to the accumulation of abnormal promyelocytes. In order to understand the precise mechanisms involved in human APL leukemogenesis, we established a humanized in vivo APL model involving retroviral transduction of PML-RARA into CD34+ hematopoietic cells from human cord blood and transplantation of these cells into immunodeficient mice. The leukemia well recapitulated human APL, consisting of leukemic cells with abundant azurophilic abnormal granules in the cytoplasm, which expressed CD13, CD33 and CD117, but not HLA-DR and CD34, were clustered in the same category as human APL samples in the gene expression analysis, and demonstrated sensitivity to ATRA. As seen in human APL, the induced APL cells showed a low transplantation efficiency in the secondary recipients, which was also exhibited in the transplantations that were carried out using the sorted CD34− fraction. In order to analyze the mechanisms underlying APL initiation and development, fractionated human cord blood was transduced with PML-RARA. Common myeloid progenitors (CMP) from CD34+/CD38+ cells developed APL. These findings demonstrate that CMP are a target fraction for PML-RARA in APL, whereas the resultant CD34− APL cells may share the ability to maintain the tumor.
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40
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Ablain J, de Thé H. Retinoic acid signaling in cancer: The parable of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Int J Cancer 2014; 135:2262-72. [PMID: 25130873 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Inevitably fatal some 40 years, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) can now be cured in more than 95% of cases. This clinical success story is tightly linked to tremendous progress in our understanding of retinoic acid (RA) signaling. The discovery of retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) was followed by the cloning of the chromosomal translocations driving APL, all of which involve RARA. Since then, new findings on the biology of nuclear receptors have progressively enlightened the basis for the clinical efficacy of RA in APL. Reciprocally, the disease offered a range of angles to approach the cellular and molecular mechanisms of RA action. This virtuous circle contributed to make APL one of the best-understood cancers from both clinical and biological standpoints. Yet, some important questions remain unanswered including how lessons learnt from RA-triggered APL cure can help design new therapies for other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Ablain
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital St. Louis, Paris Cedex 10, France; INSERM U 944, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital St. Louis, Paris Cedex 10, France; CNRS UMR 7212, Hôpital St. Louis, Paris Cedex 10, France
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41
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Lengfelder E, Hofmann WK, Nowak D. Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with arsenic trioxide: clinical results and open questions. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 13:1035-43. [PMID: 24053202 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2013.833681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a rare form of acute myeloid leukemia. The specific translocation t(15;17), which results in the fusion gene PML-RARA is the diagnostic and pathomechanistic hallmark of APL. By combination, treatment consisting of the differentiating agent all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), which targets this molecular lesion, and cytotoxic chemotherapy, cure can be achieved in over 70% of patients. Recently, arsenic trioxide (ATO) has emerged to be the most active single agent in the treatment of APL. Previous studies employing ATO in relapse settings reported average complete remission rates of 85% and a mean overall survival of over 60%. In recent approaches installing ATO in first-line treatment, ATO-induced response rates comparable to previous combination regimen. The results of these newer studies indicate that the backbone of chemotherapy can be dramatically reduced or completely replaced by ATO and ATRA with similar or even better outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Lengfelder
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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42
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Dos Santos GA, Kats L, Pandolfi PP. Synergy against PML-RARa: targeting transcription, proteolysis, differentiation, and self-renewal in acute promyelocytic leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 210:2793-802. [PMID: 24344243 PMCID: PMC3865469 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20131121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pandolfi et al. provide an in-depth discussion on the synergism between all-trans-retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide treatment and their mechanisms of action on acute promyelocytic leukemia. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a hematological malignancy driven by a chimeric oncoprotein containing the C terminus of the retinoic acid receptor-a (RARa) fused to an N-terminal partner, most commonly promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML). Mechanistically, PML-RARa acts as a transcriptional repressor of RARa and non-RARa target genes and antagonizes the formation and function of PML nuclear bodies that regulate numerous signaling pathways. The empirical discoveries that PML-RARa–associated APL is sensitive to both all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO), and the subsequent understanding of the mechanisms of action of these drugs, have led to efforts to understand the contribution of molecular events to APL cell differentiation, leukemia-initiating cell (LIC) clearance, and disease eradication in vitro and in vivo. Critically, the mechanistic insights gleaned from these studies have resulted not only in a better understanding of APL itself, but also carry valuable lessons for other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Augusto Dos Santos
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center; and 2 Department of Medicine and 3 Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
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43
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Olive KP, Politi K. Translational therapeutics in genetically engineered mouse models of cancer. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2014; 2014:131-143. [PMID: 24492770 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.top069997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Advances in knowledge of the molecular alterations of human cancers, refinements in technologies for the generation of genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs), and the development of cancer therapies have accelerated in recent years. Progress in these fields provides the foundation for clinically relevant studies to be performed in GEMMs, through which it is possible to glean information on drug efficacy and to identify determinants of sensitivity and resistance to drugs and drug combinations. GEMMs used in pre-, co-, and postclinical studies must closely recapitulate the genetics, histopathology, and response to therapy of the human disease. Prevention and intervention trials can be designed in GEMMs to test the effects of drugs on tumor initiation, regression, and progression. Given their complexity, careful consideration of the infrastructure requirements and practical aspects of each individual experiment, including enrollment, tumor monitoring, and dose and schedule, must be considered in the design of therapeutic studies in GEMMs. Advantages of GEMMs include the ability to rapidly perform drug efficacy studies in a defined genetic background, the ease of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic assessments, and the possibility of experimentally manipulating model systems to address questions that cannot be addressed in patients. In light of these features, GEMMs are useful tools for translational studies to inform clinical trials in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth P Olive
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
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44
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Lunardi A, Nardella C, Clohessy JG, Pandolfi PP. Of model pets and cancer models: an introduction to mouse models of cancer. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2014; 2014:17-31. [PMID: 24371312 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.top069757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The extraordinary endeavor to faithfully model human disorders in mice began in the early 1900s, and in the century since has delivered fundamental advances in our understanding and treatment of human disease. Although it could not be appreciated at the time, 99% of mouse protein-coding genes have an equivalent homolog in the human genome, despite the striking differences in appearance between mouse and man. This remarkable genetic similarity, together with our ability to finely engineer the murine genome, has made the mouse the ideal animal in which to model and analyze human biology and disease. Here we describe this remarkable shared journey between human and mouse, and envisage the next generation of mouse models, which will no doubt prove increasingly sophisticated and even more faithful to human disease. We also address the strategic use of mice in the fight against cancer, and the role they will play in the development of therapies to eradicate this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lunardi
- Cancer Genetics Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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45
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Hu XX, Zhong L, Zhang X, Gao YM, Liu BZ. NLS-RARα promotes proliferation and inhibits differentiation in HL-60 cells. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:247-54. [PMID: 24516348 PMCID: PMC3917113 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.6518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A unique mRNA produced in leukemic cells from a t(15;17) acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patient encodes a fusion protein between the retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) and a myeloid gene product called PML. Studies have reported that neutrophil elastase (NE) cleaves bcr-1-derived PML-RARα in early myeloid cells, leaving only the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of PML attached to RARα. The resultant NLS-RARα fusion protein mainly localizes to, and functions within, the cell nucleus. It is speculated that NLS-RARα may act in different ways from the wild-type RARα, but its biological characteristics have not been reported. This study takes two approaches. Firstly, the NLS-RARα was silenced with pNLS-RARα-shRNA. The mRNA and protein expression of NLS-RARα were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Cell proliferation in vitro was assessed by MTT assay. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect the differentiation of cells. Secondly, the NLS-RARα was over-expressed by preparation of recombinant adenovirus HL-60/pAd-NLS-RARα. The assays of mRNA and protein expression of NLS-RARα, and cell proliferation, were as above. By contrast, cell differentiation was stimulated by all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) (2.5µmol/L) at 24h after virus infection of pAd-NLS-RARα, and then detected by CD11b labeling two days later. The transcription and translation of C-MYC was detected in HL-60/pAd-NLS-RARα cells which treated by ATRA. Our results showed that compared to the control groups, the expression of NLS-RARα was significantly reduced in the HL-60/pNLS-RARα-shRNA cells, and increased dramatically in the HL-60/pAd-NLS-RARα cells. The proliferation was remarkably inhibited in the HL-60/pNLS-RARα-shRNA cells in a time-dependent manner, but markedly promoted in the HL-60/pAd-NLS-RARα cells. FCM outcome revealed the differentiation increased in HL-60/pNLS-RARα-shRNA cells, and decreased in the HL-60/pAd-NLS-RARα cells treated with 2.5µmol/L ATRA. The expression of C-MYC increased strikingly in HL-60/pAd-NLS-RARα cells treated with 2.5µmol/L ATRA. Down-regulation of NLS-RARα expression inhibited the proliferation and induced the differentiation of HL-60 cells. On the contrary, over-expression of NLS-RARα promoted proliferation and reduced the ATRA-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Xiu Hu
- 1. Central Laboratory of Yong-chuan hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China. ; 2. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liang Zhong
- 2. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- 2. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuan-Mei Gao
- 2. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bei-Zhong Liu
- 1. Central Laboratory of Yong-chuan hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China. ; 2. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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46
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Ly T, Ahmad Y, Shlien A, Soroka D, Mills A, Emanuele MJ, Stratton MR, Lamond AI. A proteomic chronology of gene expression through the cell cycle in human myeloid leukemia cells. eLife 2014; 3:e01630. [PMID: 24596151 PMCID: PMC3936288 DOI: 10.7554/elife.01630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Technological advances have enabled the analysis of cellular protein and RNA levels with unprecedented depth and sensitivity, allowing for an unbiased re-evaluation of gene regulation during fundamental biological processes. Here, we have chronicled the dynamics of protein and mRNA expression levels across a minimally perturbed cell cycle in human myeloid leukemia cells using centrifugal elutriation combined with mass spectrometry-based proteomics and RNA-Seq, avoiding artificial synchronization procedures. We identify myeloid-specific gene expression and variations in protein abundance, isoform expression and phosphorylation at different cell cycle stages. We dissect the relationship between protein and mRNA levels for both bulk gene expression and for over ∼6000 genes individually across the cell cycle, revealing complex, gene-specific patterns. This data set, one of the deepest surveys to date of gene expression in human cells, is presented in an online, searchable database, the Encyclopedia of Proteome Dynamics (http://www.peptracker.com/epd/). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01630.001.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Cycle
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Separation/methods
- Cell Size
- Centrifugation
- Chromatography, Liquid
- Databases, Protein
- Gene Expression Profiling/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology
- Phosphorylation
- Proteomics/methods
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Sequence Analysis, RNA
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry
- Time Factors
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Ly
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Yasmeen Ahmad
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Shlien
- Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique Soroka
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Allie Mills
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Michael J Emanuele
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Michael R Stratton
- Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Angus I Lamond
- Centre for Gene Regulation and Expression, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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47
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Ferreira AK, Santana-Lemos BAA, Rego EM, Filho OMR, Chierice GO, Maria DA. Synthetic phosphoethanolamine has in vitro and in vivo anti-leukemia effects. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:2819-28. [PMID: 24201752 PMCID: PMC3844899 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We recently showed that synthetic phosphoethanolamine reduces tumour growth and inhibits lung metastasis in vivo. Here, we investigated its anti-leukaemia effects using acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) as a model. Methods: Cytotoxic effects of Pho-s on leukaemia cells were evaluated by MTT assay. Leukaemic cells obtained from hCG-PML-RARa transgenic mice were transplanted to NOD/SCID mice. After the animals were diagnosed as leukaemic, treatment started with Pho-s using all-trans retinoid acid or daunorubicin as positive control or and saline control. Cell morphology and immunophenotyping were used to detect the undifferentiated blast cells in the spleen, liver and bone marrow. The induction of apoptosis in vitro and in malignant leukaemic clones was evaluated. Results: Synthetic phosphoethanolamine is cytotoxic and induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in vitro to leukaemia cell lines. In vivo Pho-s exhibits anti-proliferative effects in APL model reducing the number of CD117+ and Gr-1+ immature myeloid cells in the BM, spleen and liver. Synthetic phosphoethanolamine impairs the expansion of malignant clones CD34+/CD117+, CD34+ and Gr-1+ in the BM. In addition, Pho-s induces apoptosis of immature cells in the spleen and liver, a notable effect. Conclusion: Synthetic phosphoethanolamine has anti-leukaemic effects in an APL model by inhibiting malignant clone expansion, suggesting that it is an interesting compound for leukaemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Ferreira
- 1] Biochemistry and Biophysical Laboratory, Institute Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil [2] Experimental Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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48
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Lou Y, Suo S, Tong H, Ye X, Wang Y, Chen Z, Qian W, Meng H, Mai W, Huang J, Tong Y, Jin J. Characteristics and prognosis analysis of additional chromosome abnormalities in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with arsenic trioxide as the front-line therapy. Leuk Res 2013; 37:1451-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2013.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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49
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Malaney P, Nicosia SV, Davé V. One mouse, one patient paradigm: New avatars of personalized cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2013; 344:1-12. [PMID: 24157811 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, study of cancer in mouse models has gained popularity. Sophisticated genetic manipulation technologies and commercialization of these murine systems have made it possible to generate mice to study human disease. Given the large socio-economic burden of cancer, both on academic research and the health care industry, there is a need for in vivo animal cancer models that can provide a rationale that is translatable to the clinic. Such a bench-to-bedside transition will facilitate a long term robust strategy that is economically feasible and clinically effective to manage cancer. The major hurdles in considering mouse models as a translational platform are the lack of tumor heterogeneity and genetic diversity, which are a hallmark of human cancers. The present review, while critical of these pitfalls, discusses two newly emerging concepts of personalized mouse models called "Mouse Avatars" and Co-clinical Trials. Development of "Mouse Avatars" entails implantation of patient tumor samples in mice for subsequent use in drug efficacy studies. These avatars allow for each patient to have their own tumor growing in an in vivo system, thereby allowing the identification of a personalized therapeutic regimen, eliminating the cost and toxicity associated with non-targeted chemotherapeutic measures. In Co-clinical Trials, genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) are used to guide therapy in an ongoing human patient trial. Murine and patient trials are conducted concurrently, and information obtained from the murine system is applied towards future clinical management of the patient's tumor. The concurrent trials allow for a real-time integration of the murine and human tumor data. In combination with several molecular profiling techniques, the "Mouse Avatar" and Co-clinical Trial concepts have the potential to revolutionize the drug development and health care process. The present review outlines the current status, challenges and the future potential of these two new in vivo approaches in the field of personalized oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Malaney
- Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Santo V Nicosia
- Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Vrushank Davé
- Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Pollock SL, Rush EA, Redner RL. NPM–RAR, not the RAR–NPM reciprocal t(5;17)(q35;q21) acute promyelocytic leukemia fusion protein, inhibits myeloid differentiation. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 55:1383-7. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.830303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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