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Baker CC, Gallicchio L, Matias NR, Porter DF, Parsanian L, Taing E, Tam C, Fuller MT. Cell-type-specific interacting proteins collaborate to regulate the timing of Cyclin B protein expression in male meiotic prophase. Development 2023; 150:dev201709. [PMID: 37882771 PMCID: PMC10730016 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
During meiosis, germ cell and stage-specific components impose additional layers of regulation on the core cell cycle machinery to set up an extended G2 period termed meiotic prophase. In Drosophila males, meiotic prophase lasts 3.5 days, during which spermatocytes upregulate over 1800 genes and grow 25-fold. Previous work has shown that the cell cycle regulator Cyclin B (CycB) is subject to translational repression in immature spermatocytes, mediated by the RNA-binding protein Rbp4 and its partner Fest. Here, we show that the spermatocyte-specific protein Lut is required for translational repression of cycB in an 8-h window just before spermatocytes are fully mature. In males mutant for rbp4 or lut, spermatocytes enter and exit meiotic division 6-8 h earlier than in wild type. In addition, spermatocyte-specific isoforms of Syncrip (Syp) are required for expression of CycB protein in mature spermatocytes and normal entry into the meiotic divisions. Lut and Syp interact with Fest independent of RNA. Thus, a set of spermatocyte-specific regulators choreograph the timing of expression of CycB protein during male meiotic prophase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine C. Baker
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lorenzo Gallicchio
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Neuza R. Matias
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Douglas F. Porter
- Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lucineh Parsanian
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Emily Taing
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Cheuk Tam
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Margaret T. Fuller
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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2
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Li X, Wang Y, Deng S, Zhu G, Wang C, Johnson NA, Zhang Z, Tirado CR, Xu Y, Metang LA, Gonzalez J, Mukherji A, Ye J, Yang Y, Peng W, Tang Y, Hofstad M, Xie Z, Yoon H, Chen L, Liu X, Chen S, Zhu H, Strand D, Liang H, Raj G, He HH, Mendell JT, Li B, Wang T, Mu P. Loss of SYNCRIP unleashes APOBEC-driven mutagenesis, tumor heterogeneity, and AR-targeted therapy resistance in prostate cancer. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:1427-1449.e12. [PMID: 37478850 PMCID: PMC10530398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Tumor mutational burden and heterogeneity has been suggested to fuel resistance to many targeted therapies. The cytosine deaminase APOBEC proteins have been implicated in the mutational signatures of more than 70% of human cancers. However, the mechanism underlying how cancer cells hijack the APOBEC mediated mutagenesis machinery to promote tumor heterogeneity, and thereby foster therapy resistance remains unclear. We identify SYNCRIP as an endogenous molecular brake which suppresses APOBEC-driven mutagenesis in prostate cancer (PCa). Overactivated APOBEC3B, in SYNCRIP-deficient PCa cells, is a key mutator, representing the molecular source of driver mutations in some frequently mutated genes in PCa, including FOXA1, EP300. Functional screening identifies eight crucial drivers for androgen receptor (AR)-targeted therapy resistance in PCa that are mutated by APOBEC3B: BRD7, CBX8, EP300, FOXA1, HDAC5, HSF4, STAT3, and AR. These results uncover a cell-intrinsic mechanism that unleashes APOBEC-driven mutagenesis, which plays a significant role in conferring AR-targeted therapy resistance in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yunguan Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Su Deng
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Guanghui Zhu
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Choushi Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nickolas A Johnson
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zeda Zhang
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Yaru Xu
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lauren A Metang
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Julisa Gonzalez
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Atreyi Mukherji
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jianfeng Ye
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yuqiu Yang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yitao Tang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mia Hofstad
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhiqun Xie
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Heewon Yoon
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xihui Liu
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sujun Chen
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hong Zhu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Douglas Strand
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ganesh Raj
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Housheng Hansen He
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joshua T Mendell
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA; Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bo Li
- Lyda Hill Department of Bioinformatics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ping Mu
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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3
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Federico A, Pavel A, Möbus L, McKean D, del Giudice G, Fortino V, Niehues H, Rastrick J, Eyerich K, Eyerich S, van den Bogaard E, Smith C, Weidinger S, de Rinaldis E, Greco D. The integration of large-scale public data and network analysis uncovers molecular characteristics of psoriasis. Hum Genomics 2022; 16:62. [PMID: 36437479 PMCID: PMC9703794 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-022-00431-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a growing interest in the characterization of the molecular basis of psoriasis has been observed. However, despite the availability of a large amount of molecular data, many pathogenic mechanisms of psoriasis are still poorly understood. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of 23 public transcriptomic datasets encompassing both lesional and uninvolved skin samples from psoriasis patients. We defined comprehensive gene co-expression network models of psoriatic lesions and uninvolved skin. Moreover, we curated and exploited a wide range of functional information from multiple public sources in order to systematically annotate the inferred networks. The integrated analysis of transcriptomics data and co-expression networks highlighted genes that are frequently dysregulated and show aberrant patterns of connectivity in the psoriatic lesion compared with the unaffected skin. Our approach allowed us to also identify plausible, previously unknown, actors in the expression of the psoriasis phenotype. Finally, we characterized communities of co-expressed genes associated with relevant molecular functions and expression signatures of specific immune cell types associated with the psoriasis lesion. Overall, integrating experimental driven results with curated functional information from public repositories represents an efficient approach to empower knowledge generation about psoriasis and may be applicable to other complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Federico
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Kauppi Campus, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254BioMeditech Institute, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Tampere Institute for Advanced Studies, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Alisa Pavel
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Kauppi Campus, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254BioMeditech Institute, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Lena Möbus
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Kauppi Campus, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254BioMeditech Institute, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - David McKean
- Sanofi Immunology and Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area, Precision Immunology Cluster, Cambridge, Massachusetts USA
| | - Giusy del Giudice
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Kauppi Campus, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254BioMeditech Institute, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Vittorio Fortino
- grid.9668.10000 0001 0726 2490Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hanna Niehues
- grid.461760.20000 0004 0580 1253Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joe Rastrick
- grid.418727.f0000 0004 5903 3819Immunology Therapeutic Area, UCB Pharma, Slough, UK
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany ,grid.24381.3c0000 0000 9241 5705Unit of Dermatology and Venerology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefanie Eyerich
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966ZAUM-Center of Allergy and Environment, Technical University and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ellen van den Bogaard
- grid.461760.20000 0004 0580 1253Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine Smith
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764St. John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- grid.9764.c0000 0001 2153 9986Department of Dermatology, Kiel University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Emanuele de Rinaldis
- Sanofi Immunology and Inflammation Research Therapeutic Area, Precision Immunology Cluster, Cambridge, Massachusetts USA
| | - Dario Greco
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Kauppi Campus, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254BioMeditech Institute, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Finnish Hub for Development and Validation of Integrated Approaches (FHAIVE), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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4
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Qi X, Yan Q, Shang Y, Zhao R, Ding X, Gao SJ, Li W, Lu C. A viral interferon regulatory factor degrades RNA-binding protein hnRNP Q1 to enhance aerobic glycolysis via recruiting E3 ubiquitin ligase KLHL3 and decaying GDPD1 mRNA. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:2233-2246. [PMID: 35538151 PMCID: PMC9613757 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-01011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of host metabolism is a common strategy of viral evasion of host cells, and is essential for successful viral infection and induction of cancer in the context cancer viruses. Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common AIDS-associated cancer caused by KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection. KSHV-encoded viral interferon regulatory factor 1 (vIRF1) regulates multiple signaling pathways and plays an important role in KSHV infection and oncogenesis. However, the role of vIRF1 in KSHV-induced metabolic reprogramming remains elusive. Here we show that vIRF1 increases glucose uptake, ATP production and lactate secretion by downregulating heterogeneous nuclear ribonuclear protein Q1 (hnRNP Q1). Mechanistically, vIRF1 upregulates and recruits E3 ubiquitin ligase Kelch-like 3 (KLHL3) to degrade hnRNP Q1 through a ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Furthermore, hnRNP Q1 binds to and stabilizes the mRNA of glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase domain containing 1 (GDPD1). However, vIRF1 targets hnRNP Q1 for degradation, which destabilizes GDPD1 mRNA, resulting in induction of aerobic glycolysis. These results reveal a novel role of vIRF1 in KSHV metabolic reprogramming, and identifying a potential therapeutic target for KSHV infection and KSHV-induced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, P. R. China
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Qin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, P. R. China
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Yuancui Shang
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Runran Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Xiangya Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, P. R. China
| | - Shou-Jiang Gao
- Tumor Virology Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, and Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Wan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, P. R. China.
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China.
| | - Chun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, P. R. China.
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China.
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5
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Wang J, Sun D, Wang M, Cheng A, Zhu Y, Mao S, Ou X, Zhao X, Huang J, Gao Q, Zhang S, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhu D, Jia R, Chen S, Liu M. Multiple functions of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins in the positive single-stranded RNA virus life cycle. Front Immunol 2022; 13:989298. [PMID: 36119073 PMCID: PMC9478383 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.989298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are a diverse family of RNA binding proteins that are implicated in RNA metabolism, such as alternative splicing, mRNA stabilization and translational regulation. According to their different cellular localization, hnRNPs display multiple functions. Most hnRNPs were predominantly located in the nucleus, but some of them could redistribute to the cytoplasm during virus infection. HnRNPs consist of different domains and motifs that enable these proteins to recognize predetermined nucleotide sequences. In the virus-host interactions, hnRNPs specifically bind to viral RNA or proteins. And some of the viral protein-hnRNP interactions require the viral RNA or other host factors as the intermediate. Through various mechanisms, hnRNPs could regulate viral translation, viral genome replication, the switch of translation to replication and virion release. This review highlights the common features and the distinguish roles of hnRNPs in the life cycle of positive single-stranded RNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingming Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Di Sun
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- *Correspondence: Anchun Cheng,
| | - Yukun Zhu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Sai Mao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Xuming Ou
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu City, China
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6
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Byron A, Griffith BGC, Herrero A, Loftus AEP, Koeleman ES, Kogerman L, Dawson JC, McGivern N, Culley J, Grimes GR, Serrels B, von Kriegsheim A, Brunton VG, Frame MC. Characterisation of a nucleo-adhesome. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3053. [PMID: 35650196 PMCID: PMC9160004 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30556-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to central functions in cell adhesion signalling, integrin-associated proteins have wider roles at sites distal to adhesion receptors. In experimentally defined adhesomes, we noticed that there is clear enrichment of proteins that localise to the nucleus, and conversely, we now report that nuclear proteomes contain a class of adhesome components that localise to the nucleus. We here define a nucleo-adhesome, providing experimental evidence for a remarkable scale of nuclear localisation of adhesion proteins, establishing a framework for interrogating nuclear adhesion protein functions. Adding to nuclear FAK's known roles in regulating transcription, we now show that nuclear FAK regulates expression of many adhesion-related proteins that localise to the nucleus and that nuclear FAK binds to the adhesome component and nuclear protein Hic-5. FAK and Hic-5 work together in the nucleus, co-regulating a subset of genes transcriptionally. We demonstrate the principle that there are subcomplexes of nuclear adhesion proteins that cooperate to control transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Byron
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK.
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
| | - Billie G C Griffith
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Ana Herrero
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Cantabria, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Alexander E P Loftus
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Emma S Koeleman
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
- Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Division of Chromatin Networks, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Bioquant, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Linda Kogerman
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - John C Dawson
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Niamh McGivern
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
- Almac Diagnostic Services, 19 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon, BT63 5QD, UK
| | - Jayne Culley
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Graeme R Grimes
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Bryan Serrels
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
- NanoString Technologies, Inc., Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Alex von Kriegsheim
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Valerie G Brunton
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Margaret C Frame
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, UK
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7
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Extracellular Vesicles as Novel Drug-Delivery Systems through Intracellular Communications. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12060550. [PMID: 35736256 PMCID: PMC9230693 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since it has been reported that extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry cargo using cell-to-cell comminication according to various in vivo situations, they are exprected to be applied as new drug-delivery systems (DDSs). In addition, non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), have attracted much attention as potential biomarkers in the encapsulated extracellular-vesicle (EV) form. EVs are bilayer-based lipids with heterogeneous populations of varying sizes and compositions. The EV-mediated transport of contents, which includes proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, has attracted attention as a DDS through intracellular communication. Many reports have been made on the development of methods for introducing molecules into EVs and efficient methods for introducing them into target vesicles. In this review, we outline the possible molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs in exosomes participate in the post-transcriptional regulation of signaling pathways via cell–cell communication as novel DDSs, especially small EVs.
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8
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Snider DL, Park M, Murphy KA, Beachboard DC, Horner SM. Signaling from the RNA sensor RIG-I is regulated by ufmylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2119531119. [PMID: 35394863 PMCID: PMC9169834 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2119531119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein RIG-I is a key initiator of the antiviral innate immune response. The signaling that mediates the antiviral response downstream of RIG-I is transduced through the adaptor protein MAVS and results in the induction of type I and III interferons (IFNs). This signal transduction occurs at endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–mitochondrial contact sites, to which RIG-I and other signaling proteins are recruited following their activation. RIG-I signaling is highly regulated to prevent aberrant activation of this pathway and dysregulated induction of IFN. Previously, we identified UFL1, the E3 ligase of the ubiquitin-like modifier conjugation system called ufmylation, as one of the proteins recruited to membranes at ER–mitochondrial contact sites in response to RIG-I activation. Here, we show that UFL1, as well as the process of ufmylation, promote IFN induction in response to RIG-I activation. We found that following RNA virus infection, UFL1 is recruited to the membrane-targeting protein 14–3-3ε and that this complex is then recruited to activated RIG-I to promote downstream innate immune signaling. Importantly, we found that 14–3-3ε has an increase in UFM1 conjugation following RIG-I activation. Additionally, loss of cellular ufmylation prevents the interaction of 14–3-3ε with RIG-I, which abrogates the interaction of RIG-I with MAVS and thus the downstream signal transduction that induces IFN. Our results define ufmylation as an integral regulatory component of the RIG-I signaling pathway and as a posttranslational control for IFN induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daltry L. Snider
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Moonhee Park
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Kristen A. Murphy
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Dia C. Beachboard
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Stacy M. Horner
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
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9
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Kim B, Tag SH, Nam E, Ham S, Ahn S, Kim J, Cho DW, Lee S, Yang YS, Lee SE, Kim YS, Cho IJ, Kim KP, Han SC, Im HI. SYNCRIP controls miR-137 and striatal learning in animal models of methamphetamine abstinence. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:3281-3297. [PMID: 35967275 PMCID: PMC9366222 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstinence from prolonged psychostimulant use prompts stimulant withdrawal syndrome. Molecular adaptations within the dorsal striatum have been considered the main hallmark of stimulant abstinence. Here we explored striatal miRNA–target interaction and its impact on circulating miRNA marker as well as behavioral dysfunctions in methamphetamine (MA) abstinence. We conducted miRNA sequencing and profiling in the nonhuman primate model of MA abstinence, followed by miRNA qPCR, LC–MS/MS proteomics, immunoassays, and behavior tests in mice. In nonhuman primates, MA abstinence triggered a lasting upregulation of miR-137 in the dorsal striatum but a simultaneous downregulation of circulating miR-137. In mice, aberrant increase in striatal miR-137-dependent inhibition of SYNCRIP essentially mediated the MA abstinence-induced reduction of circulating miR-137. Pathway modeling through experimental deduction illustrated that the MA abstinence-mediated downregulation of circulating miR-137 was caused by reduction of SYNCRIP-dependent miRNA sorting into the exosomes in the dorsal striatum. Furthermore, diminished SYNCRIP in the dorsal striatum was necessary for MA abstinence-induced behavioral bias towards egocentric spatial learning. Taken together, our data revealed circulating miR-137 as a potential blood-based marker that could reflect MA abstinence-dependent changes in striatal miR-137/SYNCRIP axis, and striatal SYNCRIP as a potential therapeutic target for striatum-associated cognitive dysfunction by MA withdrawal syndrome.
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10
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Eliseeva IA, Sogorina EM, Smolin EA, Kulakovskiy IV, Lyabin DN. Diverse Regulation of YB-1 and YB-3 Abundance in Mammals. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:S48-S167. [PMID: 35501986 DOI: 10.1134/s000629792214005x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
YB proteins are DNA/RNA binding proteins, members of the family of proteins with cold shock domain. Role of YB proteins in the life of cells, tissues, and whole organisms is extremely important. They are involved in transcription regulation, pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA translation and stability, mRNA packaging into mRNPs, including stress granules, DNA repair, and many other cellular events. Many processes, from embryonic development to aging, depend on when and how much of these proteins have been synthesized. Here we discuss regulation of the levels of YB-1 and, in part, of its homologs in the cell. Because the amount of YB-1 is immediately associated with its functioning, understanding the mechanisms of regulation of the protein amount invariably reveals the events where YB-1 is involved. Control over the YB-1 abundance may allow using this gene/protein as a therapeutic target in cancers, where an increased expression of the YBX1 gene often correlates with the disease severity and poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Eliseeva
- Institute of Protein Research, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | | | - Egor A Smolin
- Institute of Protein Research, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Ivan V Kulakovskiy
- Institute of Protein Research, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry N Lyabin
- Institute of Protein Research, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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11
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Semino F, Schröter J, Willemsen MH, Bast T, Biskup S, Beck-Woedl S, Brennenstuhl H, Schaaf CP, Kölker S, Hoffmann GF, Haack TB, Syrbe S. Further evidence for de novo variants in SYNCRIP as the cause of a neurodevelopmental disorder. Hum Mutat 2021; 42:1094-1100. [PMID: 34157790 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SYNCRIP encodes for the Synaptotagmin-binding cytoplasmic RNA-interacting protein, involved in RNA-binding and regulation of multiple cellular pathways. It has been proposed as a candidate gene for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability (ID), and epilepsy. We ascertained genetic, clinical, and neuroradiological data of three additional individuals with novel de novo SYNCRIP variants. All individuals had ID. Autistic features were observed in two. One individual showed myoclonic-atonic epilepsy. Neuroradiological features comprised periventricular nodular heterotopia and widening of subarachnoid spaces. Two frameshift variants in the more severely affected individuals, likely result in haploinsufficiency. The third missense variant lies in the conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM) 2 domain likely affecting RNA-binding. Our findings support the importance of RRM domains for SYNCRIP functionality and suggest genotype-phenotype correlations. Our study provides further evidence for a SYNCRIP-associated NDD characterized by ID and ASD sporadically accompanied by malformations of cortical development and myoclonic-atonic epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Semino
- Division of Pediatric Epileptology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Schröter
- Division of Pediatric Epileptology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marjolein H Willemsen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Bast
- Epilepsy Center Kork, Kehl, Germany.,Medical Faculty of the University of Freiburg, Kehl, Germany
| | - Saskia Biskup
- Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,CEGAT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Beck-Woedl
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heiko Brennenstuhl
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Kölker
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg F Hoffmann
- Division of Neuropediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias B Haack
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Center for Rare Diseases, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Steffen Syrbe
- Division of Pediatric Epileptology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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12
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Chen S, Miao B, Chen N, Chen C, Shao T, Zhang X, Chang L, Zhang X, Du Q, Huang Y, Tong D. SYNCRIP facilitates porcine parvovirus viral DNA replication through the alternative splicing of NS1 mRNA to promote NS2 mRNA formation. Vet Res 2021; 52:73. [PMID: 34034820 PMCID: PMC8152309 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-021-00938-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine Parvovirus (PPV), a pathogen causing porcine reproductive disorders, encodes two capsid proteins (VP1 and VP2) and three nonstructural proteins (NS1, NS2 and SAT) in infected cells. The PPV NS2 mRNA is from NS1 mRNA after alternative splicing, yet the corresponding mechanism is unclear. In this study, we identified a PPV NS1 mRNA binding protein SYNCRIP, which belongs to the hnRNP family and has been identified to be involved in host pre-mRNA splicing by RNA-pulldown and mass spectrometry approaches. SYNCRIP was found to be significantly up-regulated by PPV infection in vivo and in vitro. We confirmed that it directly interacts with PPV NS1 mRNA and is co-localized at the cytoplasm in PPV-infected cells. Overexpression of SYNCRIP significantly reduced the NS1 mRNA and protein levels, whereas deletion of SYNCRIP significantly reduced NS2 mRNA and protein levels and the ratio of NS2 to NS1, and further impaired replication of the PPV. Furthermore, we found that SYNCRIP was able to bind the 3'-terminal site of NS1 mRNA to promote the cleavage of NS1 mRNA into NS2 mRNA. Taken together, the results presented here demonstrate that SYNCRIP is a critical molecule in the alternative splicing process of PPV mRNA, while revealing a novel function for this protein and providing a potential target of antiviral intervention for the control of porcine parvovirus disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbiao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bichen Miao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Nannan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Caiyi Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ting Shao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xuezhi Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lingling Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qian Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Dewen Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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13
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Khudayberdiev S, Soutschek M, Ammann I, Heinze A, Rust MB, Baumeister S, Schratt G. The cytoplasmic SYNCRIP mRNA interactome of mammalian neurons. RNA Biol 2020; 18:1252-1264. [PMID: 33030396 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2020.1830553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
SYNCRIP, a member of the cellular heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) family of RNA binding proteins, regulates various aspects of neuronal development and plasticity. Although SYNCRIP has been identified as a component of cytoplasmic RNA granules in dendrites of mammalian neurons, only little is known about the specific SYNCRIP target mRNAs that mediate its effect on neuronal morphogenesis and function. Here, we present a comprehensive characterization of the cytoplasmic SYNCRIP mRNA interactome using iCLIP in primary rat cortical neurons. We identify hundreds of bona fide SYNCRIP target mRNAs, many of which encode for proteins involved in neurogenesis, neuronal migration and neurite outgrowth. From our analysis, the stabilization of mRNAs encoding for components of the microtubule network, such as doublecortin (Dcx), emerges as a novel mechanism of SYNCRIP function in addition to the previously reported control of actin dynamics. Furthermore, we found that SYNCRIP synergizes with pro-neural miRNAs, such as miR-9. Thus, SYNCRIP appears to promote early neuronal differentiation by a two-tier mechanism involving the stabilization of pro-neural mRNAs by direct 3'UTR interaction and the repression of anti-neural mRNAs in a complex with neuronal miRISC. Together, our findings provide a rationale for future studies investigating the function of SYNCRIP in mammalian brain development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharof Khudayberdiev
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Biochemical-Pharmacological Center Marburg, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Soutschek
- Lab of Systems Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Health Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irina Ammann
- Lab of Systems Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Health Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anika Heinze
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Biochemical-Pharmacological Center Marburg, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Marco B Rust
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry, Biochemical-Pharmacological Center Marburg, Philipps-University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Baumeister
- Fachbereich Biologie - Protein Analytik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schratt
- Lab of Systems Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Health Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
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14
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Streck NT, Zhao Y, Sundstrom JM, Buchkovich NJ. Human Cytomegalovirus Utilizes Extracellular Vesicles To Enhance Virus Spread. J Virol 2020; 94:e00609-20. [PMID: 32522858 PMCID: PMC7394901 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00609-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) manipulates cellular processes associated with secretory pathways within an infected cell to facilitate efficient viral replication. However, little is known about how HCMV infection alters the surrounding cellular environment to promote virus spread to uninfected cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key signaling molecules that are commonly altered in numerous disease states. Previous reports have shown that viruses commonly alter EVs, which can significantly impact infection. This study finds that HCMV modulates EV biogenesis machinery through upregulation of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) proteins. This regulation appears to increase the activity of EV biogenesis, since HCMV-infected fibroblasts have increased vesicle release and altered vesicle size compared to EVs from uninfected cells. EVs generated through ESCRT-independent pathways are also beneficial to virus spread in fibroblasts, as treatment with the EV inhibitor GW4869 slowed the efficiency of HCMV spread. Importantly, the transfer of EVs purified from HCMV-infected cells enhanced virus spread. This suggests that HCMV modulates the EV pathway to transfer proviral signals to uninfected cells that prime the cellular environment for incoming infection and enhance the efficiency of virus spread.IMPORTANCE Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a herpesvirus that leads to serious health consequences in neonatal or immunocompromised patients. Clinical management of infection in these at-risk groups remains a serious concern even with approved antiviral therapies available. It is necessary to increase our understanding of the cellular changes that occur during infection and their importance to virus spread. This may help to identify new targets during infection that will lead to the development of novel treatment strategies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent an important method of intercellular communication in the human host. This study finds that HCMV manipulates this pathway to increase the efficiency of virus spread to uninfected cells. This finding defines a new layer of host manipulation induced by HCMV infection that leads to enhanced virus spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas T Streck
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuanjun Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Sundstrom
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicholas J Buchkovich
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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15
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Protein changes in synaptosomes of Huntington's disease knock-in mice are dependent on age and brain region. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 141:104950. [PMID: 32439598 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular changes at synapses are thought to underly the deficits in motor and cognitive dysfunction seen in Huntington's disease (HD). Previously we showed in synaptosome preparations age dependent changes in levels of selected proteins examined by western blot assay in the striatum of Q140/Q140 HD mice. To assess if CAG repeat length influenced protein changes at the synapse, we examined synaptosomes from 6-month old heterozygote HD mice with CAG repeat lengths ranging from 50 to 175. Analysis of 19 selected proteins showed that increasing CAG repeat length in huntingtin (HTT) increased the number of affected proteins in HD striatal synaptosomes. Moreover, SDS-soluble total HTT (WT plus mutant HTT) and pThr3 HTT were reduced with increasing CAG repeat length, and there was no pSer421 mutant HTT detected in any HD mice. A LC-MS/MS and bioinfomatics study of synaptosomes from 2 and 6-month old striatum and cortex of Q140/Q7 HD mice showed enrichment of synaptic proteins and an influence of age, gender and brain region on the number of protein changes. HD striatum at 6 months had the most protein changes that included many HTT protein interactors, followed by 2-month old HD striatum, 2-month old HD cortex and 6-month HD cortex. SDS-insoluble mutant HTT was detected in HD striatal synaptosomes consistent with the presence of aggregates. Proteins changed in cortex differed from those in striatum. Pathways affected in HD striatal synaptosomes that were not identified in whole striatal lysates of the same HD mouse model included axon guidance, focal adhesion, neurotrophin signaling, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, endocytosis, and synaptic vesicle cycle. Results suggest that synaptosomes prepared from HD mice are highly informative for monitoring protein changes at the synapse and may be preferred for assessing the effects of experimental therapies on synaptic function in HD.
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16
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Prieto C, Kharas MG. RNA Regulators in Leukemia and Lymphoma. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2020; 10:cshperspect.a034967. [PMID: 31615866 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a034967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Posttranscriptional regulation of mRNA is a powerful and tightly controlled process in which cells command the integrity, diversity, and abundance of their protein products. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are the principal players that control many intermediary steps of posttranscriptional regulation. Recent advances in this field have discovered the importance of RBPs in hematological diseases. Herein we will review a number of RBPs that have been determined to play critical functions in leukemia and lymphoma. Furthermore, we will discuss the potential therapeutic strategies that are currently being studied to specifically target RBPs in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Prieto
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Michael G Kharas
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
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17
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Chung HW, Weng JC, King CE, Chuang CF, Chow WY, Chang YC. BDNF elevates the axonal levels of hnRNPs Q and R in cultured rat cortical neurons. Mol Cell Neurosci 2019; 98:97-108. [PMID: 31202892 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Local translation plays important roles in the maintenance and various functions of axons, and dysfunctions of local translation in axons are implicated in various neurological diseases. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are RNA binding proteins with multiple functions in RNA metabolism. Here, we identified 20 hnRNPs in the axons of cultured rat cortical neurons by interrogating published axon mass spectrometric databases with rat protein databases. Among those identified in axons are highly related hnRNPs Q and R. RT-PCR analysis indicated that axons also contained low levels of hnRNPs Q and R mRNAs. We further found that BDNF treatments raised the levels of hnRNPs Q and R proteins in whole neurons and axons. BDNF also increased the level of poly(A) RNA as well as the proportion of poly(A) RNA granules containing hnRNPs Q and R in the axon. However, following severing the connection between the cell bodies and axons, BDNF did not affect the levels of hnRNPs Q and R, the content of poly(A) RNA, or the colocalization of poly(A) RNA and hnRNPs Q and R in the axon any more, although BDNF still stimulated the local translation in severed axons as it did in intact axons. The results are consistent with that BDNF enhances the axonal transport of RNA granules. The results further suggest that hnRNPs Q and R play a role in the mechanism underlying the enhancement of axonal RNA transport by BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wen Chung
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Ju-Chen Weng
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-En King
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Fan Chuang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Yuan Chow
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Chung Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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18
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Gittings LM, Foti SC, Benson BC, Gami-Patel P, Isaacs AM, Lashley T. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins R and Q accumulate in pathological inclusions in FTLD-FUS. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:18. [PMID: 30755280 PMCID: PMC6371513 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0673-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is pathologically subdivided based on the presence of particular pathological proteins that are identified in inclusion bodies observed post-mortem. The FTLD-FUS subgroup is defined by the presence of the fused in sarcoma protein (FUS) in pathological inclusions. FUS is a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) protein and a member of the FET (FUS, EWS, TAF15) protein family. It shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm, and has been implicated in many cellular functions including translation, splicing, and RNA transport. EWS, TAF15 and the nuclear import receptor transportin have been shown to co-accumulate with FUS in neuronal inclusions specifically in FTLD-FUS, with transportin-positive inclusions most frequently observed. Here, we report the identification of hnRNP R and hnRNP Q in neuronal cytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of FTLD-FUS patients, as frequently as transportin. hnRNP R and hnRNP Q were not found in the characteristic pathological inclusions observed in FTLD-TDP (subtypes A-C). Additionally, we studied the expression of hnRNP R in the frontal and temporal cortices from patients with FTLD and found significantly increased expression of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R in several FTLD disease groups. Our identification of the frequent presence of hnRNP R and hnRNP Q in FTLD-FUS inclusions suggests a potential role for these hnRNPs in FTLD-FUS pathogenesis and supports the role of dysfunctional RNA metabolism in FTLD.
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19
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The EGF/hnRNP Q1 axis is involved in tumorigenesis via the regulation of cell cycle-related genes. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-14. [PMID: 29884818 PMCID: PMC5994831 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) Q1, an RNA-binding protein, has been implicated in many post-transcriptional processes, including RNA metabolism and mRNA splicing and translation. However, the role of hnRNP Q1 in tumorigenesis remains unclear. We previously performed RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP)-seq analysis to identify hnRNP Q1-interacting mRNAs and found that hnRNP Q1 targets a group of genes that are involved in mitotic regulation, including Aurora-A. Here, we demonstrate that altering the hnRNP Q1 level influences the expression of the Aurora-A protein, but not its mRNA. Stimulation with epidermal growth factor (EGF) enhances both binding between hnRNP Q1 and Aurora-A mRNA as well as the efficacy of the hnRNP Q1-induced translation of Aurora-A mRNA. The EGF/hnRNP Q1-induced translation of Aurora-A mRNA is mediated by the mTOR and ERK pathways. In addition, we show that hnRNP Q1 up-regulates the translation of a group of spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) genes. hnRNP Q1 overexpression is positively correlated with the levels of Aurora-A and the SAC genes in human colorectal cancer tissues. In summary, our data suggest that hnRNP Q1 plays an important role in regulating the expression of a group of cell cycle-related genes. Therefore, it may contribute to tumorigenesis by up-regulating the translation of these genes in colorectal cancer. An RNA-binding protein contributes to cancer by boosting the protein-making potential of various genes involved in the cell cycle and cell division. Researchers in Taiwan led by Liang-Yi Hung from the National Cheng Kung University in Tainan, Taiwan, previously showed that a cancer-causing protein implicated in tumors of the colon and elsewhere gets induced by both an RNA-binding protein called hnRNP Q1 and a growth factor called EGF. Now, they have demonstrated that these two molecules work in concert to boost the efficiency by which the RNA encoding the cancer-causing protein gets translated into the protein. They also showed that hnRNP Q1 serves a similar RNA-modulating function for several genes involved in spindle checkpoint during cell division. Together, the findings point to hnRNP Q1 as a potential target for future anti-cancer drugs.
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20
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Hobor F, Dallmann A, Ball NJ, Cicchini C, Battistelli C, Ogrodowicz RW, Christodoulou E, Martin SR, Castello A, Tripodi M, Taylor IA, Ramos A. A cryptic RNA-binding domain mediates Syncrip recognition and exosomal partitioning of miRNA targets. Nat Commun 2018; 9:831. [PMID: 29483512 PMCID: PMC5827114 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomal miRNA transfer is a mechanism for cell-cell communication that is important in the immune response, in the functioning of the nervous system and in cancer. Syncrip/hnRNPQ is a highly conserved RNA-binding protein that mediates the exosomal partition of a set of miRNAs. Here, we report that Syncrip's amino-terminal domain, which was previously thought to mediate protein-protein interactions, is a cryptic, conserved and sequence-specific RNA-binding domain, designated NURR (N-terminal unit for RNA recognition). The NURR domain mediates the specific recognition of a short hEXO sequence defining Syncrip exosomal miRNA targets, and is coupled by a non-canonical structural element to Syncrip's RRM domains to achieve high-affinity miRNA binding. As a consequence, Syncrip-mediated selection of the target miRNAs implies both recognition of the hEXO sequence by the NURR domain and binding of the RRM domains 5' to this sequence. This structural arrangement enables Syncrip-mediated selection of miRNAs with different seed sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fruzsina Hobor
- Research Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6XA, UK
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Andre Dallmann
- Research Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6XA, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Street 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Neil J Ball
- Macromolecular Structure Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Carla Cicchini
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Roksana W Ogrodowicz
- Structural Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Evangelos Christodoulou
- Structural Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Stephen R Martin
- Structural Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Alfredo Castello
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Marco Tripodi
- Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Ian A Taylor
- Macromolecular Structure Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
| | - Andres Ramos
- Research Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6XA, UK.
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21
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Lo JH, Chen TT. Production of bioactive recombinant human Eb-peptide of pro-IGF-I and identification of binding components from the plasma membrane of human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). Exp Cell Res 2017; 362:235-243. [PMID: 29191552 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
E-peptide of the pro-Insulin-like growth factor-I (pro-IGF-I) is produced from pre-pro-IGF-I by proteolytic cleavage in the post-translational processing. The human Eb-peptide (hEb-peptide), derived from the E domain of pro-IGF-IB isoform, is a bioactive molecule whose exact physiological role remains elusive. Accumulated evidence reported from our laboratory indicated that hEb-peptide possesses activity against multiple hallmark characteristics of solid tumor in different cancer cell types. In human breast carcinoma cells (MDA-MB-231), it was demonstrated that hEb-peptide can promote cell attachment to substratum, inhibit colony formation in a semisolid medium, reduce cancer cell invasion, and inhibit cancer-induced angiogenesis. Like the action of other peptide hormones, these cellular responses triggered by hEb may be initiated through binding to a receptor molecule residing on the surface of the cell. Our laboratory and the others have previously provided evidence demonstrating the existence of hEb-peptide specific binding components residing on the cell membrane. In this study, we report the isolation and identification of eight protein molecules bound reversibly with hEb-peptide from the membrane preparation of MDA-MB-231 cells. Some of the identified proteins are known to be present at cell surface and function as receptors while the others are not. The functions of these molecules reveal strong correlation with the demonstrated activities of hEb-peptide on MDA-MB-231cells, suggesting hEb-peptide activity on cancer cells might be mediated by these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay H Lo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Thomas T Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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22
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Kulkarni S, Ramsuran V, Rucevic M, Singh S, Lied A, Kulkarni V, O'hUigin C, Le Gall S, Carrington M. Posttranscriptional Regulation of HLA-A Protein Expression by Alternative Polyadenylation Signals Involving the RNA-Binding Protein Syncrip. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:3892-3899. [PMID: 29055006 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Genomic variation in the untranslated region (UTR) has been shown to influence HLA class I expression level and associate with disease outcomes. Sequencing of the 3'UTR of common HLA-A alleles indicated the presence of two polyadenylation signals (PAS). The proximal PAS is conserved, whereas the distal PAS is disrupted within certain alleles by sequence variants. Using 3'RACE, we confirmed expression of two distinct forms of the HLA-A 3'UTR based on use of either the proximal or the distal PAS, which differ in length by 100 bp. Specific HLA-A alleles varied in the usage of the proximal versus distal PAS, with some alleles using only the proximal PAS, and others using both the proximal and distal PAS to differing degrees. We show that the short and the long 3'UTR produced similar mRNA expression levels. However, the long 3'UTR conferred lower luciferase activity as compared with the short form, indicating translation inhibition of the long 3'UTR. RNA affinity pull-down followed by mass spectrometry analysis as well as RNA coimmunoprecipitation indicated differential binding of Syncrip to the long versus short 3'UTR. Depletion of Syncrip by small interfering RNA increased surface expression of an HLA-A allotype that uses primarily the long 3'UTR, whereas an allotype expressing only the short form was unaffected. Furthermore, specific blocking of the proximal 3'UTR reduced surface expression without decreasing mRNA expression. These data demonstrate HLA-A allele-specific variation in PAS usage, which modulates their cell surface expression posttranscriptionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Kulkarni
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139; .,Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227
| | - Veron Ramsuran
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139.,Cancer and Inflammation Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702.,KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa.,Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; and
| | | | - Sukhvinder Singh
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227
| | - Alexandra Lied
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Viraj Kulkarni
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139.,Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227
| | - Colm O'hUigin
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Sylvie Le Gall
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Mary Carrington
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139.,Cancer and Inflammation Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702
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23
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Vu LP, Prieto C, Amin EM, Chhangawala S, Krivtsov A, Calvo-Vidal MN, Chou T, Chow A, Minuesa G, Park SM, Barlowe TS, Taggart J, Tivnan P, Deering RP, Chu LP, Kwon JA, Meydan C, Perales-Paton J, Arshi A, Gönen M, Famulare C, Patel M, Paietta E, Tallman MS, Lu Y, Glass J, Garret-Bakelman FE, Melnick A, Levine R, Al-Shahrour F, Järås M, Hacohen N, Hwang A, Garippa R, Lengner CJ, Armstrong SA, Cerchietti L, Cowley GS, Root D, Doench J, Leslie C, Ebert BL, Kharas MG. Functional screen of MSI2 interactors identifies an essential role for SYNCRIP in myeloid leukemia stem cells. Nat Genet 2017; 49:866-875. [PMID: 28436985 PMCID: PMC5508533 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The identity of the RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that govern cancer stem cells remains poorly characterized. The MSI2 RBP is a central regulator of translation of cancer stem cell programs. Through proteomic analysis of the MSI2-interacting RBP network and functional shRNA screening, we identified 24 genes required for in vivo leukemia. Syncrip was the most differentially required gene between normal and myeloid leukemia cells. SYNCRIP depletion increased apoptosis and differentiation while delaying leukemogenesis. Gene expression profiling of SYNCRIP-depleted cells demonstrated a loss of the MLL and HOXA9 leukemia stem cell program. SYNCRIP and MSI2 interact indirectly though shared mRNA targets. SYNCRIP maintains HOXA9 translation, and MSI2 or HOXA9 overexpression rescued the effects of SYNCRIP depletion. Altogether, our data identify SYNCRIP as a new RBP that controls the myeloid leukemia stem cell program. We propose that targeting these RBP complexes might provide a novel therapeutic strategy in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ly P Vu
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Center for Cell Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology, and Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Camila Prieto
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Center for Cell Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology, and Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.,Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elianna M Amin
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Center for Cell Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology, and Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sagar Chhangawala
- Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA.,Computational Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrei Krivtsov
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Nieves Calvo-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Timothy Chou
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Center for Cell Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology, and Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Arthur Chow
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Center for Cell Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology, and Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gerard Minuesa
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Center for Cell Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology, and Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sun Mi Park
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Center for Cell Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology, and Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Trevor S Barlowe
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Center for Cell Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology, and Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - James Taggart
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Center for Cell Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology, and Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Patrick Tivnan
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Center for Cell Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology, and Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Lisa P Chu
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Cem Meydan
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Javier Perales-Paton
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit, Clinical Research Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arora Arshi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mithat Gönen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christopher Famulare
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Minal Patel
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elisabeth Paietta
- Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Martin S Tallman
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yuheng Lu
- Computational Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jacob Glass
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Francine E Garret-Bakelman
- Department of Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ari Melnick
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ross Levine
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fatima Al-Shahrour
- Translational Bioinformatics Unit, Clinical Research Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcus Järås
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexia Hwang
- RNAi Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ralph Garippa
- RNAi Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christopher J Lengner
- Department of Animal Biology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Schools of Veterinary Medicine and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Scott A Armstrong
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leandro Cerchietti
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Glenn S Cowley
- Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Root
- Broad Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Christina Leslie
- Computational Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin L Ebert
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael G Kharas
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Center for Cell Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology, and Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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24
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Lai CH, Huang YC, Lee JC, Tseng JTC, Chang KC, Chen YJ, Ding NJ, Huang PH, Chang WC, Lin BW, Chen RY, Wang YC, Lai YC, Hung LY. Translational upregulation of Aurora-A by hnRNP Q1 contributes to cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2555. [PMID: 28079881 PMCID: PMC5386382 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
By using RNA-immunoprecipitation assay following next-generation sequencing, a group of cell cycle-related genes targeted by hnRNP Q1 were identified, including Aurora-A kinase. Overexpressed hnRNP Q1 can upregulate Aurora-A protein, but not alter the mRNA level, through enhancing the translational efficiency of Aurora-A mRNA, either in a cap-dependent or -independent manner, by interacting with the 5′-UTR of Aurora-A mRNA through its RNA-binding domains (RBDs) 2 and 3. By ribosomal profiling assay further confirmed the translational regulation of Aurora-A mRNA by hnRNP Q1. Overexpression of hnRNP Q1 promotes cell proliferation and tumor growth. HnRNP Q1/ΔRBD23-truncated mutant, which loses the binding ability and translational regulation of Aurora-A mRNA, has no effect on promoting tumor growth. The expression level of hnRNP Q1 is positively correlated with Aurora-A in colorectal cancer. Taken together, our data indicate that hnRNP Q1 is a novel trans-acting factor that binds to Aurora-A mRNA 5′-UTRs and regulates its translation, which increases cell proliferation and contributes to tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsien Lai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Chang Lee
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
| | - Joseph Ta-Chien Tseng
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Chao Chang
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ju Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Jhu Ding
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Hsuan Huang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Wen Lin
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
| | - Ruo-Yu Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chu Wang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chien Lai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yi Hung
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biosignal Transduction, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.,Institute for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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25
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Tratnjek L, Živin M, Glavan G. Synaptotagmin 7 and SYNCRIP proteins are ubiquitously expressed in the rat brain and co-localize in Purkinje neurons. J Chem Neuroanat 2016; 79:12-21. [PMID: 27771350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Synaptotagmin 7 (SYT7) is ubiquitously expressed calcium sensor, involved in neuronal membrane trafficking. Immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that SYT7 interacts with Synaptotagmin-binding, cytoplasmic RNA-interacting protein (SYNCRIP). SYNCRIP is a component of mRNA granules, which are transported to dendrites and are prerequisite for synaptic plasticity. Given the potential significance of SYT7 regulation in processes of neurodegeneration, which are characterized by high level of synaptic vulnerability, we aimed to analyse and compare the distribution of SYT7 and SYNCRIP proteins in the adult rat striatum, hippocampus, cerebral and cerebellar cortex. We investigated the degree of SYT7-SYNCRIP co-localization in order to examine possible functional interaction of these two proteins. We found that SYT7 is abundantly distributed in neuropil of all examined anatomical areas of the brain, most prominently in axons. On the contrary, SYNCRIP had cytoplasmic somatodendritic pattern of expression, which was most prominent in the hippocampus and cerebellum. In the striatum, hippocampus and cerebral cortex SYT7 and SYNCRIP immunofluorescent signals were mutually excluded, thus diminishing the probability for their physiological interaction. In somata of Purkinje neurons in the cerebellar cortex, both SYT7 and SYNCRIP were expressed and partially co-localized suggesting possible functional connection between SYT7 and SYNCRIP proteins in Purkinje neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Tratnjek
- University of Ljubljana, Medical Faculty, Institute of Pathophysiology, Brain Research Laboratory, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Marko Živin
- University of Ljubljana, Medical Faculty, Institute of Pathophysiology, Brain Research Laboratory, Zaloška 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Gordana Glavan
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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26
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Time-Course Analysis of Brain Regional Expression Network Responses to Chronic Intermittent Ethanol and Withdrawal: Implications for Mechanisms Underlying Excessive Ethanol Consumption. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146257. [PMID: 26730594 PMCID: PMC4701666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Long lasting abusive consumption, dependence, and withdrawal are characteristic features of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Mechanistically, persistent changes in gene expression are hypothesized to contribute to brain adaptations leading to ethanol toxicity and AUD. We employed repeated chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure by vapor chamber as a mouse model to simulate the cycles of ethanol exposure and withdrawal commonly seen with AUD. This model has been shown to induce progressive ethanol consumption in rodents. Brain CIE-responsive expression networks were identified by microarray analysis across five regions of the mesolimbic dopamine system and extended amygdala with tissue harvested from 0-hours to 7-days following CIE. Weighted Gene Correlated Network Analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify gene networks over-represented for CIE-induced temporal expression changes across brain regions. Differential gene expression analysis showed that long-lasting gene regulation occurred 7-days after the final cycle of ethanol exposure only in prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. Across all brain regions, however, ethanol-responsive expression changes occurred mainly within the first 8-hours after removal from ethanol. Bioinformatics analysis showed that neuroinflammatory responses were seen across multiple brain regions at early time-points, whereas co-expression modules related to neuroplasticity, chromatin remodeling, and neurodevelopment were seen at later time-points and in specific brain regions (PFC or HPC). In PFC a module containing Bdnf was identified as highly CIE responsive in a biphasic manner, with peak changes at 0 hours and 5 days following CIE, suggesting a possible role in mechanisms underlying long-term molecular and behavioral response to CIE. Bioinformatics analysis of this network and several other modules identified Let-7 family microRNAs as potential regulators of gene expression changes induced by CIE. Our results suggest a complex temporal and regional pattern of widespread gene network responses involving neuroinflammatory and neuroplasticity related genes as contributing to physiological and behavioral responses to chronic ethanol.
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27
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Williams KR, McAninch DS, Stefanovic S, Xing L, Allen M, Li W, Feng Y, Mihailescu MR, Bassell GJ. hnRNP-Q1 represses nascent axon growth in cortical neurons by inhibiting Gap-43 mRNA translation. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 27:518-34. [PMID: 26658614 PMCID: PMC4751602 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-07-0504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel posttranscriptional mechanism for regulating the neuronal protein GAP-43 is reported. The mRNA-binding protein hnRNP-Q1 represses Gap-43 mRNA translation by a mechanism involving a 5′ untranslated region G-quadruplex structure, which affects GAP-43 function, as demonstrated by a GAP-43–dependent increase in neurite length and number with hnRNP-Q1 knockdown. Posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by mRNA-binding proteins is critical for neuronal development and function. hnRNP-Q1 is an mRNA-binding protein that regulates mRNA processing events, including translational repression. hnRNP-Q1 is highly expressed in brain tissue, suggesting a function in regulating genes critical for neuronal development. In this study, we have identified Growth-associated protein 43 (Gap-43) mRNA as a novel target of hnRNP-Q1 and have demonstrated that hnRNP-Q1 represses Gap-43 mRNA translation and consequently GAP-43 function. GAP-43 is a neuronal protein that regulates actin dynamics in growth cones and facilitates axonal growth. Previous studies have identified factors that regulate Gap-43 mRNA stability and localization, but it remains unclear whether Gap-43 mRNA translation is also regulated. Our results reveal that hnRNP-Q1 knockdown increased nascent axon length, total neurite length, and neurite number in mouse embryonic cortical neurons and enhanced Neuro2a cell process extension; these phenotypes were rescued by GAP-43 knockdown. Additionally, we have identified a G-quadruplex structure in the 5′ untranslated region of Gap-43 mRNA that directly interacts with hnRNP-Q1 as a means to inhibit Gap-43 mRNA translation. Therefore hnRNP-Q1–mediated repression of Gap-43 mRNA translation provides an additional mechanism for regulating GAP-43 expression and function and may be critical for neuronal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn R Williams
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Damian S McAninch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282
| | - Snezana Stefanovic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282
| | - Lei Xing
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Megan Allen
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Wenqi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Yue Feng
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | | | - Gary J Bassell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
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Lee HR, Kim TD, Kim HJ, Jung Y, Lee D, Lee KH, Kim DY, Woo KC, Kim KT. Heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein R regulates arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase synthesis via internal ribosomal entry site-mediated translation in a circadian manner. J Pineal Res 2015; 59:518-29. [PMID: 26444903 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Rhythmic arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) synthesis is a prominent circadian-controlled response that occurs in most mammals. AANAT is the core enzyme in melatonin production; because melatonin participates in many physiological processes, the regulation of AANAT is an important research topic. In this study, we focused on the role of heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein R (hnRNP R) in the translation of AANAT. A novel RNA-binding protein hnRNP R widely interacted with the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of AANAT mRNA and contributed to translation through an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES). Fine-tuning of AANAT protein synthesis occurred in response to knockdown and overexpression of hnRNP R. Nocturnal elevation of AANAT protein was dependent on the rhythmic changes of hnRNP R, whose levels are elevated in the pineal gland during nighttime. Increases in hnRNP R additionally improved AANAT production in rat pinealocytes under norepinephrine (NE) treatment. These results suggest that cap-independent translation of AANAT mRNA plays a role in the rhythmic synthesis of melatonin through the recruitment of translational machinery to hnRNP R-bound AANAT mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Rim Lee
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Tae-Don Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Youngseob Jung
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Dohyun Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ha Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Do-Yeon Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Woo
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
- Newlife Cosmetics R&D Center for Skin Science, Gyeongsansi, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | - Kyong-Tai Kim
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
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Sosińska P, Mikuła-Pietrasik J, Książek K. The double-edged sword of long non-coding RNA: The role of human brain-specific BC200 RNA in translational control, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2015; 766:58-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Kim JK, Lim Y, Lee JO, Lee YS, Won NH, Kim H, Kim HS. PRMT4 is involved in insulin secretion via the methylation of histone H3 in pancreatic β cells. J Mol Endocrinol 2015; 54:315-24. [PMID: 25917831 DOI: 10.1530/jme-14-0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) and insulin synthesis in β cells is not yet well understood. In the present study, we showed that PRMT4 expression was increased in INS-1 and HIT-T15 pancreatic β cells under high-glucose conditions. In addition, asymmetric dimethylation of Arg17 in histone H3 was significantly increased in both cell lines in the presence of glucose. The inhibition or knockdown of PRMT4 suppressed glucose-induced insulin gene expression in INS-1 cells by 81.6 and 79% respectively. Additionally, the overexpression of mutant PRMT4 also significantly repressed insulin gene expression. Consistently, insulin secretion induced in response to high levels of glucose was decreased by both PRMT4 inhibition and knockdown. Moreover, the inhibition of PRMT4 blocked high-glucose-induced insulin gene expression and insulin secretion in primary pancreatic islets. These results indicate that PRMT4 might be a key regulator of high-glucose-induced insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells via H3R17 methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong Kwan Kim
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
| | - Yongchul Lim
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
| | - Jung Ok Lee
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
| | - Young-Sun Lee
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
| | - Nam Hee Won
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
| | - Hyeon Soo Kim
- Department of AnatomyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaDepartment of SurgerySamsung Medical Center, 81, Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul 135-710, KoreaDepartment of PathologyKorea University College of Medicine, 126-1, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, KoreaLee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes InstituteGachon University, Inchon, Kyunggi do, Korea
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31
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Kuchler L, Giegerich AK, Sha LK, Knape T, Wong MSK, Schröder K, Brandes RP, Heide H, Wittig I, Brüne B, von Knethen A. SYNCRIP-dependent Nox2 mRNA destabilization impairs ROS formation in M2-polarized macrophages. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:2483-97. [PMID: 24844655 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS During sepsis, macrophages are alternatively activated toward an M2-like phenotype on contact with apoptotic cells (ACs) or their secretion products. Simultaneously, NADPH oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation is attenuated, thus contributing to immune paralysis. However, the exact mechanism remains elusive. Here, we provide mechanistic insights into diminished mRNA stability of the NADPH oxidase Nox2 on macrophage M2 polarization and therefore reduced ROS formation in sepsis. RESULTS Murine J774A.1 macrophages were stimulated with conditioned medium (CM) of apoptotic T cells, which reduced Nox2 mRNA and protein expression, consequently decreasing ROS production. An mRNA pulldown approach coupled to mass spectrometry analysis identified the RNA-binding protein SYNCRIP attached to the Nox2 mRNA 3' untranslated region (3'UTR). The binding of SYNCRIP to the 3'UTR of Nox2 mRNA is attenuated after treatment with CM of apoptotic T cells, followed by Nox2 mRNA destabilization. In in vivo models of polymicrobial sepsis such as cecal ligation and puncture, SYNCRIP was strongly downregulated, which was associated with a decreased Nox2 expression in peritoneal macrophages. INNOVATION Downregulation of SYNCRIP in macrophages after contact to material of ACs destabilized Nox2 mRNA and impaired ROS formation, thereby contributing to an M2 phenotype shift of macrophages in sepsis. CONCLUSION M2 polarization of macrophages in sepsis results in an attenuated SYNCRIP binding to the 3'UTR of Nox2 mRNA, destabilizing Nox2 mRNA abundance and expression. Consequently, ROS formation needed to fight against recurrent infections is impaired. In conclusion, SYNCRIP-regulated Nox2 mRNA degradation mediates the hypoinflammatory phase of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kuchler
- 1 Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I-Pathobiochemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt , Frankfurt, Germany
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Presynaptic localization of Smn and hnRNP R in axon terminals of embryonic and postnatal mouse motoneurons. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110846. [PMID: 25338097 PMCID: PMC4206449 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by deficiency of the ubiquitously expressed survival motoneuron (SMN) protein. SMN is crucial component of a complex for the assembly of spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) particles. Other cellular functions of SMN are less characterized so far. SMA predominantly affects lower motoneurons, but the cellular basis for this relative specificity is still unknown. In contrast to nonneuronal cells where the protein is mainly localized in perinuclear regions and the nucleus, Smn is also present in dendrites, axons and axonal growth cones of isolated motoneurons invitro. However, this distribution has not been shown invivo and it is not clear whether Smn and hnRNP R are also present in presynaptic axon terminals of motoneurons in postnatal mice. Smn also associates with components not included in the classical SMN complex like RNA-binding proteins FUS, TDP43, HuD and hnRNP R which are involved in RNA processing, subcellular localization and translation. We show here that Smn and hnRNP R are present in presynaptic compartments at neuromuscular endplates of embryonic and postnatal mice. Smn and hnRNP R are localized in close proximity to each other in axons and axon terminals both invitro and invivo. We also provide new evidence for a direct interaction of Smn and hnRNP R invitro and invivo, particularly in the cytosol of motoneurons. These data point to functions of SMN beyond snRNP assembly which could be crucial for recruitment and transport of RNA particles into axons and axon terminals, a mechanism which may contribute to SMA pathogenesis.
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Yoshida N, Karube K, Utsunomiya A, Tsukasaki K, Imaizumi Y, Taira N, Uike N, Umino A, Arita K, Suguro M, Tsuzuki S, Kinoshita T, Ohshima K, Seto M. Molecular characterization of chronic-type adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6129-38. [PMID: 25320005 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a human T-cell leukemia virus type-1-induced neoplasm with four clinical subtypes: acute, lymphoma, chronic, and smoldering. Although the chronic type is regarded as indolent ATL, about half of the cases progress to acute-type ATL. The molecular pathogenesis of acute transformation in chronic-type ATL is only partially understood. In an effort to determine the molecular pathogeneses of ATL, and especially the molecular mechanism of acute transformation, oligo-array comparative genomic hybridization and comprehensive gene expression profiling were applied to 27 and 35 cases of chronic and acute type ATL, respectively. The genomic profile of the chronic type was nearly identical to that of acute-type ATL, although more genomic alterations characteristic of acute-type ATL were observed. Among the genomic alterations frequently observed in acute-type ATL, the loss of CDKN2A, which is involved in cell-cycle deregulation, was especially characteristic of acute-type ATL compared with chronic-type ATL. Furthermore, we found that genomic alteration of CD58, which is implicated in escape from the immunosurveillance mechanism, is more frequently observed in acute-type ATL than in the chronic-type. Interestingly, the chronic-type cases with cell-cycle deregulation and disruption of immunosurveillance mechanism were associated with earlier progression to acute-type ATL. These findings suggested that cell-cycle deregulation and the immune escape mechanism play important roles in acute transformation of the chronic type and indicated that these alterations are good predictive markers for chronic-type ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Yoshida
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan. Department of Cancer Genetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine at Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan. Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Kennosuke Karube
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atae Utsunomiya
- Department of Hematology, Imamura Bun-in Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Tsukasaki
- Department of Hematology, Atomic Bomb Disease and Hibakusha Medicine Unit, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Imaizumi
- Department of Hematology, Atomic Bomb Disease and Hibakusha Medicine Unit, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Naoya Taira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Life Hospital, Nakagusukuson, Japan
| | - Naokuni Uike
- Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Umino
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan. Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Kotaro Arita
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan. Third Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Miyuki Suguro
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinobu Tsuzuki
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kinoshita
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Masao Seto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan. Department of Cancer Genetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine at Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan. Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
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Wigington CP, Williams KR, Meers MP, Bassell GJ, Corbett AH. Poly(A) RNA-binding proteins and polyadenosine RNA: new members and novel functions. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2014; 5:601-22. [PMID: 24789627 PMCID: PMC4332543 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Poly(A) RNA-binding proteins (Pabs) bind with high affinity and specificity to polyadenosine RNA. Textbook models show a nuclear Pab, PABPN1, and a cytoplasmic Pab, PABPC, where the nuclear PABPN1 modulates poly(A) tail length and the cytoplasmic PABPC stabilizes poly(A) RNA in the cytoplasm and also enhances translation. While these conventional roles are critically important, the Pab family has expanded recently both in number and in function. A number of novel roles have emerged for both PAPBPN1 and PABPC that contribute to the fine-tuning of gene expression. Furthermore, as the characterization of the nucleic acid binding properties of RNA-binding proteins advances, additional proteins that show high affinity and specificity for polyadenosine RNA are being discovered. With this expansion of the Pab family comes a concomitant increase in the potential for Pabs to modulate gene expression. Further complication comes from an expansion of the potential binding sites for Pab proteins as revealed by an analysis of templated polyadenosine stretches present within the transcriptome. Thus, Pabs could influence mRNA fate and function not only by binding to the nontemplated poly(A) tail but also to internal stretches of adenosine. Understanding the diverse functions of Pab proteins is not only critical to understand how gene expression is regulated but also to understand the molecular basis for tissue-specific diseases that occur when Pab proteins are altered. Here we describe both conventional and recently emerged functions for PABPN1 and PABPC and then introduce and discuss three new Pab family members, ZC3H14, hnRNP-Q1, and LARP4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callie P. Wigington
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kathryn R. Williams
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael P. Meers
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gary J. Bassell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anita H. Corbett
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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35
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Halstead JM, Lin YQ, Durraine L, Hamilton RS, Ball G, Neely GG, Bellen HJ, Davis I. Syncrip/hnRNP Q influences synaptic transmission and regulates BMP signaling at the Drosophila neuromuscular synapse. Biol Open 2014; 3:839-49. [PMID: 25171887 PMCID: PMC4163661 DOI: 10.1242/bio.20149027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity involves the modulation of synaptic connections in response to neuronal activity via multiple pathways. One mechanism modulates synaptic transmission by retrograde signals from the post-synapse that influence the probability of vesicle release in the pre-synapse. Despite its importance, very few factors required for the expression of retrograde signals, and proper synaptic transmission, have been identified. Here, we identify the conserved RNA binding protein Syncrip as a new factor that modulates the efficiency of vesicle release from the motoneuron and is required for correct synapse structure. We show that syncrip is required genetically and its protein product is detected only in the muscle and not in the motoneuron itself. This unexpected non-autonomy is at least partly explained by the fact that Syncrip modulates retrograde BMP signals from the muscle back to the motoneuron. We show that Syncrip influences the levels of the Bone Morphogenic Protein ligand Glass Bottom Boat from the post-synapse and regulates the pre-synapse. Our results highlight the RNA-binding protein Syncrip as a novel regulator of synaptic output. Given its known role in regulating translation, we propose that Syncrip is important for maintaining a balance between the strength of presynaptic vesicle release and postsynaptic translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Halstead
- Department of Biochemistry, South Parks Road, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Yong Qi Lin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Department of Neuroscience, Program in Developmental Biology, Neurological Research Institute at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA Neuroscience Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Lita Durraine
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Department of Neuroscience, Program in Developmental Biology, Neurological Research Institute at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Russell S Hamilton
- Department of Biochemistry, South Parks Road, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Graeme Ball
- Micron Imaging Facility, Department of Biochemistry, South Parks Road, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Greg G Neely
- Neuroscience Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Department of Neuroscience, Program in Developmental Biology, Neurological Research Institute at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ilan Davis
- Department of Biochemistry, South Parks Road, The University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
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Milochau A, Lagrée V, Benassy MN, Chaignepain S, Papin J, Garcia-Arcos I, Lajoix A, Monterrat C, Coudert L, Schmitter JM, Ochoa B, Lang J. Synaptotagmin 11 interacts with components of the RNA-induced silencing complex RISC in clonal pancreatic β-cells. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2217-22. [PMID: 24882364 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Synaptotagmins are two C2 domain-containing transmembrane proteins. The function of calcium-sensitive members in the regulation of post-Golgi traffic has been well established whereas little is known about the calcium-insensitive isoforms constituting half of the protein family. Novel binding partners of synaptotagmin 11 were identified in β-cells. A number of them had been assigned previously to ER/Golgi derived-vesicles or linked to RNA synthesis, translation and processing. Whereas the C2A domain interacted with the Q-SNARE Vti1a, the C2B domain of syt11 interacted with the SND1, Ago2 and FMRP, components of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Binding to SND was direct via its N-terminal tandem repeats. Our data indicate that syt11 may provide a link between gene regulation by microRNAs and membrane traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valérie Lagrée
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5248, F-33607 Pessac, France
| | | | | | - Julien Papin
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5248, F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - Itsaso Garcia-Arcos
- University of the Basque Country, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Anne Lajoix
- Université Montpellier 1, CNRS FRE 3400, Faculté de Pharmacie, F-34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | | | | | - Begoña Ochoa
- University of the Basque Country, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jochen Lang
- Université de Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5248, F-33607 Pessac, France.
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37
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Lyabin DN, Nigmatullina LF, Doronin AN, Eliseeva IA, Ovchinnikov LP. Identification of proteins specifically interacting with YB-1 mRNA 3' UTR and the effect of hnRNP Q on YB-1 mRNA translation. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2014; 78:651-9. [PMID: 23980891 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297913060102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, proteins specifically interacting with the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNA of the multifunctional Y-box-binding protein 1 (YB-1) were identified. One of these, hnRNP Q, was shown to specifically interact with the regulatory element (RE) in YB-1 mRNA 3' UTR and to inhibit translation of this mRNA. Its binding to the RE was accompanied by displacement from this element of the poly(A)-binding protein (PABP), a positive regulator of YB-1 mRNA translation, and by enhanced binding of the negative YB-1 mRNA translation regulator - YB-1 itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Lyabin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
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Svitkin YV, Yanagiya A, Karetnikov AE, Alain T, Fabian MR, Khoutorsky A, Perreault S, Topisirovic I, Sonenberg N. Control of translation and miRNA-dependent repression by a novel poly(A) binding protein, hnRNP-Q. PLoS Biol 2013; 11:e1001564. [PMID: 23700384 PMCID: PMC3660254 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Q2 competitively binds mRNA poly(A) tails to regulate translational and miRNA-related functions of PABP. Translation control often operates via remodeling of messenger ribonucleoprotein particles. The poly(A) binding protein (PABP) simultaneously interacts with the 3′ poly(A) tail of the mRNA and the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G (eIF4G) to stimulate translation. PABP also promotes miRNA-dependent deadenylation and translational repression of target mRNAs. We demonstrate that isoform 2 of the mouse heterogeneous nuclear protein Q (hnRNP-Q2/SYNCRIP) binds poly(A) by default when PABP binding is inhibited. In addition, hnRNP-Q2 competes with PABP for binding to poly(A) in vitro. Depleting hnRNP-Q2 from translation extracts stimulates cap-dependent and IRES-mediated translation that is dependent on the PABP/poly(A) complex. Adding recombinant hnRNP-Q2 to the extracts inhibited translation in a poly(A) tail-dependent manner. The displacement of PABP from the poly(A) tail by hnRNP-Q2 impaired the association of eIF4E with the 5′ m7G cap structure of mRNA, resulting in the inhibition of 48S and 80S ribosome initiation complex formation. In mouse fibroblasts, silencing of hnRNP-Q2 stimulated translation. In addition, hnRNP-Q2 impeded let-7a miRNA-mediated deadenylation and repression of target mRNAs, which require PABP. Thus, by competing with PABP, hnRNP-Q2 plays important roles in the regulation of global translation and miRNA-mediated repression of specific mRNAs. The regulation of mRNA translation and stability is of paramount importance for almost every cellular function. In eukaryotes, the poly(A) binding protein (PABP) is a central regulator of both global and mRNA-specific translation. PABP simultaneously interacts with the 3′ poly(A) tail of the mRNA and the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G (eIF4G). These interactions circularize the mRNA and stimulate translation. PABP also regulates specific mRNAs by promoting miRNA-dependent deadenylation and translational repression. A key step in understanding PABP's functions is to identify factors that affect its association with the poly(A) tail. Here we show that the cytoplasmic isoform of the mouse heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Q (hnRNP-Q2/SYNCRIP), which exhibits binding preference to poly(A), interacts with the poly(A) tail by default when PABP binding is inhibited. In addition, hnRNP-Q2 competes with PABP for binding to the poly(A) tail. Depleting hnRNP-Q2 stimulates translation in cell-free extracts and in cultured cells, in agreement with its function as translational repressor. In addition, hnRNP-Q2 impeded miRNA-mediated deadenylation and repression of target mRNAs, which requires PABP. Thus, competition from hnRNP-Q2 provides a novel mechanism by which multiple functions of PABP are regulated. This regulation could play important roles in various biological processes, such as development, viral infection, and human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri V. Svitkin
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Akiko Yanagiya
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexey E. Karetnikov
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tommy Alain
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc R. Fabian
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Arkady Khoutorsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sandra Perreault
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ivan Topisirovic
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Østrup O, Olbricht G, Østrup E, Hyttel P, Collas P, Cabot R. RNA profiles of porcine embryos during genome activation reveal complex metabolic switch sensitive to in vitro conditions. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61547. [PMID: 23637850 PMCID: PMC3639270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertilization is followed by complex changes in cytoplasmic composition and extensive chromatin reprogramming which results in the abundant activation of totipotent embryonic genome at embryonic genome activation (EGA). While chromatin reprogramming has been widely studied in several species, only a handful of reports characterize changing transcriptome profiles and resulting metabolic changes in cleavage stage embryos. The aims of the current study were to investigate RNA profiles of in vivo developed (ivv) and in vitro produced (ivt) porcine embryos before (2-cell stage) and after (late 4-cell stage) EGA and determine major metabolic changes that regulate totipotency. The period before EGA was dominated by transcripts responsible for cell cycle regulation, mitosis, RNA translation and processing (including ribosomal machinery), protein catabolism, and chromatin remodelling. Following EGA an increase in the abundance of transcripts involved in transcription, translation, DNA metabolism, histone and chromatin modification, as well as protein catabolism was detected. The further analysis of members of overlapping GO terms revealed that despite that comparable cellular processes are taking place before and after EGA (RNA splicing, protein catabolism), different metabolic pathways are involved. This strongly suggests that a complex metabolic switch accompanies EGA. In vitro conditions significantly altered RNA profiles before EGA, and the character of these changes indicates that they originate from oocyte and are imposed either before oocyte aspiration or during in vitro maturation. IVT embryos have altered content of apoptotic factors, cell cycle regulation factors and spindle components, and transcription factors, which all may contribute to reduced developmental competence of embryos produced in vitro. Overall, our data are in good accordance with previously published, genome-wide profiling data in other species. Moreover, comparison with mouse and human embryos showed striking overlap in functional annotation of transcripts during the EGA, suggesting conserved basic mechanisms regulating establishment of totipotency in mammalian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Østrup
- Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo and Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo, Norway.
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Abstract
The responses to numerous stress signals are important for cellular growth and survival. The p53 tumor-suppressor protein is stabilized under stress conditions and induces transcription of several genes to regulate cell cycle and apoptosis. Regarding p53 protein accumulation, inhibition of proteasomal degradation of p53 protein, which is mainly mediated by Mdm2, has received much attention. Here, we demonstrate that regulation of translation initiation is also crucial for p53 protein accumulation. Furthermore, we report that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) Q binds to the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) of mouse p53 mRNA and regulates translation efficiency of p53 and apoptosis progression. We also suggest that changes in cytosolic hnRNP Q levels contribute to cell cycle-dependent translational differences in p53 mRNA.
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Abstract
The RNA-binding protein hnRNP Q has been implicated in neuronal mRNA metabolism. Here, we show that knockdown of hnRNP Q increased neurite complexity in cultured rat cortical neurons and induced filopodium formation in mouse neuroblastoma cells. Reexpression of hnRNP Q1 in hnRNP Q-depleted cells abrogated the morphological changes of neurites, indicating a specific role for hnRNP Q1 in neuronal morphogenesis. A search for mRNA targets of hnRNP Q1 identified functionally coherent sets of mRNAs encoding factors involved in cellular signaling or cytoskeletal regulation and determined its preferred binding sequences. We demonstrated that hnRNP Q1 bound to a set of identified mRNAs encoding the components of the actin nucleation-promoting Cdc42/N-WASP/Arp2/3 complex and was in part colocalized with Cdc42 mRNA in granules. Using subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence, we showed that knockdown of hnRNP Q reduced the level of some of those mRNAs in neurites and redistributed their encoded proteins from neurite tips to soma to different extents. Overexpression of dominant negative mutants of Cdc42 or N-WASP compromised hnRNP Q depletion-induced neurite complexity. Together, our results suggest that hnRNP Q1 may participate in localization of mRNAs encoding Cdc42 signaling factors in neurites, and thereby may regulate actin dynamics and control neuronal morphogenesis.
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Xing L, Yao X, Williams KR, Bassell GJ. Negative regulation of RhoA translation and signaling by hnRNP-Q1 affects cellular morphogenesis. Mol Biol Cell 2012; 23:1500-9. [PMID: 22357624 PMCID: PMC3327311 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e11-10-0867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The small GTPase RhoA has critical functions in regulating actin dynamics affecting cellular morphogenesis through the RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK) signaling cascade. RhoA signaling controls stress fiber and focal adhesion formation and cell motility in fibroblasts. RhoA signaling is involved in several aspects of neuronal development, including neuronal migration, growth cone collapse, dendrite branching, and spine growth. Altered RhoA signaling is implicated in cancer and neurodegenerative disease and is linked to inherited intellectual disabilities. Although much is known about factors regulating RhoA activity and/or degradation, little is known about molecular mechanisms regulating RhoA expression and the subsequent effects on RhoA signaling. We hypothesized that posttranscriptional control of RhoA expression may provide a mechanism to regulate RhoA signaling and downstream effects on cell morphology. Here we uncover a cellular function for the mRNA-binding protein heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) Q1 in the control of dendritic development and focal adhesion formation that involves the negative regulation of RhoA synthesis and signaling. We show that hnRNP-Q1 represses RhoA translation and knockdown of hnRNP-Q1 induced phenotypes associated with elevated RhoA protein levels and RhoA/ROCK signaling. These morphological changes were rescued by ROCK inhibition and/or RhoA knockdown. These findings further suggest that negative modulation of RhoA mRNA translation can provide control over downstream signaling and cellular morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xing
- Departments of Cell Biology and Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Poly(C)-binding protein 2 interacts with sequences required for viral replication in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) 5' untranslated region and directs HCV RNA replication through circularizing the viral genome. J Virol 2011; 85:7954-64. [PMID: 21632751 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00339-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequences in the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA is important for modulating both translation and RNA replication. The translation of the HCV genome depends on an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) located within the 341-nucleotide 5'UTR, while RNA replication requires a smaller region. A question arises whether the replication and translation functions require different regions of the 5'UTR and different sets of RNA-binding proteins. Here, we showed that the 5'-most 157 nucleotides of HCV RNA is the minimum 5'UTR for RNA replication, and it partially overlaps with the IRES. Stem-loops 1 and 2 of the 5'UTR are essential for RNA replication, whereas stem-loop 1 is not required for translation. We also found that poly(C)-binding protein 2 (PCBP2) bound to the replication region of the 5'UTR and associated with detergent-resistant membrane fractions, which are the sites of the HCV replication complex. The knockdown of PCBP2 by short hairpin RNA decreased the amounts of HCV RNA and nonstructural proteins. Antibody-mediated blocking of PCBP2 reduced HCV RNA replication in vitro, indicating that PCBP2 is directly involved in HCV RNA replication. Furthermore, PCBP2 knockdown reduced IRES-dependent translation preferentially from a dual reporter plasmid, suggesting that PCBP2 also regulated IRES activity. These findings indicate that PCBP2 participates in both HCV RNA replication and translation. Moreover, PCBP2 interacts with HCV 5'- and 3'UTR RNA fragments to form an RNA-protein complex and induces the circularization of HCV RNA, as revealed by electron microscopy. This study thus demonstrates the mechanism of the participation of PCBP2 in HCV translation and replication and provides physical evidence for HCV RNA circularization through 5'- and 3'UTR interaction.
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Decreased Lin7b expression in layer 5 pyramidal neurons may contribute to impaired corticostriatal connectivity in huntington disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2010; 69:880-95. [PMID: 20720508 DOI: 10.1097/nen.0b013e3181ed7a41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and regional cortical atrophy indicate cerebral cortical involvement in Huntington disease (HD). To address the hypothesis that abnormal corticostriatal connectivity arises from polyglutamine-related alterations in cortical gene expression, we isolated layer 5 cortical neurons by laser-capture microdissection and analyzed transcriptome-wide mRNA changes in them. Enrichment of transcription factor mRNAs including foxp2, tbr1, and neuroD6, and neurotransmission- and plasticity-related RNAs including sema5A, pclo, ntrk2, cntn1, and Lin7b were observed. Layer 5 motor cortex neurons of transgenic R6/2 HD mice also demonstrated numerous transcriptomic changes, including decreased expression of mRNAs encoding the Lin7 homolog b ([Lin7b] also known as veli-2 and mals2). Decreases in LIN7B and CNTN1 RNAs were also detected in human HD layer 5 motor cortex neurons. Lin7 homolog b, a scaffold protein implicated in synaptic plasticity, neurite outgrowth, and cellular polarity, was decreased at the protein level in layer 5 cortical neurons in R6/2 mice and human HD brains. Decreases in Lin7b and Lin7a mRNAs were detected in R6/2 cortex as early as 6 weeks of age, suggesting that this is an early pathogenetic event. Thus, decreased cortical LIN7 expression may contribute to abnormal corticostriatal connectivity in HD.
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Abstract
The hnRNPs (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins) are RNA-binding proteins with important roles in multiple aspects of nucleic acid metabolism, including the packaging of nascent transcripts, alternative splicing and translational regulation. Although they share some general characteristics, they vary greatly in terms of their domain composition and functional properties. Although the traditional grouping of the hnRNPs as a collection of proteins provided a practical framework, which has guided much of the research on them, this approach is becoming increasingly incompatible with current knowledge about their structural and functional divergence. Hence, we review the current literature to examine hnRNP diversity, and discuss how this impacts upon approaches to the classification of RNA-binding proteins in general.
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Galán C, Sola I, Nogales A, Thomas B, Akoulitchev A, Enjuanes L, Almazán F. Host cell proteins interacting with the 3' end of TGEV coronavirus genome influence virus replication. Virology 2009; 391:304-14. [PMID: 19580983 PMCID: PMC7118768 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2009.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Revised: 05/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus RNA synthesis is performed by a multienzymatic replicase complex together with cellular factors. This process requires the specific recognition of RNA cis-acting signals located at the ends of the viral genome. To identify cellular proteins involved in coronavirus RNA synthesis, transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (TGEV) genome ends, harboring essential cis-acting signals for replication, were used as baits for RNA affinity protein purification. Ten proteins were preferentially pulled down with either the 5' or 3' ends of the genome and identified by proteomic analysis. Nine of them, including members of the heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein family of proteins (hnRNPs), the poly(A)-binding protein (PABP), the p100 transcriptional co-activator protein and two aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, showed a preferential binding to the 3' end of the genome, whereas only the polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB) was preferentially pulled down with the 5' end of the genome. The potential function of the 3' end-interacting proteins in virus replication was studied by analyzing the effect of their silencing using a TGEV-derived replicon and the infectious virus. Gene silencing of PABP, hnRNP Q, and glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS) caused a significant 2 to 3-fold reduction of viral RNA synthesis. Interestingly, the silencing of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), initially used as a control gene, caused a 2 to 3-fold increase in viral RNA synthesis in both systems. These data suggest that PABP, hnRNP Q, and EPRS play a positive role in virus infection that could be mediated through their interaction with the viral 3' end, and that GAPDH has a negative effect on viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Galán
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, C/Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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SYNCRIP (synaptotagmin-binding, cytoplasmic RNA-interacting protein) is a host factor involved in hepatitis C virus RNA replication. Virology 2009; 386:249-56. [PMID: 19232660 PMCID: PMC3099193 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2009.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Revised: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 01/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA replication requires viral nonstructural proteins as well as cellular factors. Recently, a cellular protein, synaptotagmin-binding, cytoplasmic RNA-interacting protein (SYNCRIP), also known as NSAP1, was found to bind HCV RNA and enhance HCV IRES-dependent translation. We investigate whether this protein is also involved in the HCV RNA replication. We found that SYNCRIP was associated with detergent-resistant membrane fractions and colocalized with newly-synthesized HCV RNA. Knock-down of SYNCRIP by siRNA significantly decreased the amount of HCV RNA in the cells containing a subgenomic replicon or a full-length viral RNA. Lastly, an in vitro replication assay after immunodepletion of SYNCRIP showed that SYNCRIP was directly involved in HCV RNA replication. These findings indicate that SYNCRIP has dual functions, participating in both RNA replication and translation in HCV life cycle.
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Ando H, Mizutani A, Mikoshiba K. An IRBIT homologue lacks binding activity to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor due to the unique N-terminal appendage. J Neurochem 2009; 109:539-50. [PMID: 19220705 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05979.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
IRBIT is an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptor (IP(3)R)-binding protein that inhibits the activation of IP(3)R by competing with IP(3) for the common binding site on IP(3)R. In this study, we characterize an IRBIT homologue, termed Long-IRBIT. Long-IRBIT is highly homologous to IRBIT ( approximately 88%) and heteromerizes with IRBIT. In spite of complete conservation of critical amino acids required for the interaction with IP(3)R and comparable phosphorylations on critical four Ser residues for IP(3)R-binding, Long-IRBIT retains little ability to interact with IP(3)R. Deletion mutagenesis analysis revealed that this low affinity to IP(3)R is attributable to an inhibitory effect of the Long-IRBIT specific N-terminal appendage (LISN domain). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the distinct distribution of Long-IRBIT and IRBIT in mouse cerebellar cortex, that is, Long-IRBIT is mainly expressed in interneurons such as basket cells, while IRBIT is mainly expressed in glial cells. Furthermore, Long-IRBIT, but not IRBIT, underwent phosphorylation during neuronal differentiation in neuroblastoma cells and this phosphorylation was dependent on the LISN domain. These results suggest that Long-IRBIT has a different function from IRBIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Ando
- International Cooperative Research Project-Solution Oriented Research for Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
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Rossoll W, Bassell GJ. Spinal muscular atrophy and a model for survival of motor neuron protein function in axonal ribonucleoprotein complexes. Results Probl Cell Differ 2009; 48:289-326. [PMID: 19343312 PMCID: PMC3718852 DOI: 10.1007/400_2009_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neurodegenerative disease that results from loss of function of the SMN1 gene, encoding the ubiquitously expressed survival of motor neuron (SMN) protein, a protein best known for its housekeeping role in the SMN-Gemin multiprotein complex involved in spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) assembly. However, numerous studies reveal that SMN has many interaction partners, including mRNA binding proteins and actin regulators, suggesting its diverse role as a molecular chaperone involved in mRNA metabolism. This review focuses on studies suggesting an important role of SMN in regulating the assembly, localization, or stability of axonal messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complexes. Various animal models for SMA are discussed, and phenotypes described that indicate a predominant function for SMN in neuronal development and synapse formation. These models have begun to be used to test different therapeutic strategies that have the potential to restore SMN function. Further work to elucidate SMN mechanisms within motor neurons and other cell types involved in neuromuscular circuitry hold promise for the potential treatment of SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Rossoll
- Departments of Cell Biology and Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Iwasaki H. Involvement of PRMT1 in hnRNPQ activation and internalization of insulin receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 372:314-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2008] [Accepted: 05/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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