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Lemche E, Killick R, Mitchell J, Caton PW, Choudhary P, Howard JK. Molecular mechanisms linking type 2 diabetes mellitus and late-onset Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and qualitative meta-analysis. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 196:106485. [PMID: 38643861 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Research evidence indicating common metabolic mechanisms through which type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases risk of late-onset Alzheimer's dementia (LOAD) has accumulated over recent decades. The aim of this systematic review is to provide a comprehensive review of common mechanisms, which have hitherto been discussed in separate perspectives, and to assemble and evaluate candidate loci and epigenetic modifications contributing to polygenic risk linkages between T2DM and LOAD. For the systematic review on pathophysiological mechanisms, both human and animal studies up to December 2023 are included. For the qualitative meta-analysis of genomic bases, human association studies were examined; for epigenetic mechanisms, data from human studies and animal models were accepted. Papers describing pathophysiological studies were identified in databases, and further literature gathered from cited work. For genomic and epigenomic studies, literature mining was conducted by formalised search codes using Boolean operators in search engines, and augmented by GeneRif citations in Entrez Gene, and other sources (WikiGenes, etc.). For the systematic review of pathophysiological mechanisms, 923 publications were evaluated, and 138 gene loci extracted for testing candidate risk linkages. 3 57 publications were evaluated for genomic association and descriptions of epigenomic modifications. Overall accumulated results highlight insulin signalling, inflammation and inflammasome pathways, proteolysis, gluconeogenesis and glycolysis, glycosylation, lipoprotein metabolism and oxidation, cell cycle regulation or survival, autophagic-lysosomal pathways, and energy. Documented findings suggest interplay between brain insulin resistance, neuroinflammation, insult compensatory mechanisms, and peripheral metabolic dysregulation in T2DM and LOAD linkage. The results allow for more streamlined longitudinal studies of T2DM-LOAD risk linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Lemche
- Section of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
| | - Richard Killick
- Section of Old Age Psychiatry, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Jackie Mitchell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neurosciences, Maurice Wohl CIinical Neurosciences Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
| | - Paul W Caton
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Pratik Choudhary
- Diabetes Research Group, Weston Education Centre, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jane K Howard
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
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2
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Shi RR, He TQ, Lin MS, Xu J, Gu JH, Xu H. O-GlcNAcylation in ischemic diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1377235. [PMID: 38783961 PMCID: PMC11113977 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1377235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is an extensively studied field, with the most studied forms being oxygen or nitrogen-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc or N-GlcNAc) glycosylation. Particular residues on proteins are targeted by O-GlcNAcylation, which is among the most intricate post-translational modifications. Significantly contributing to an organism's proteome, it influences numerous factors affecting protein stability, function, and subcellular localization. It also modifies the cellular function of target proteins that have crucial responsibilities in controlling pathways related to the central nervous system, cardiovascular homeostasis, and other organ functions. Under conditions of acute stress, changes in the levels of O-GlcNAcylation of these proteins may have a defensive function. Nevertheless, deviant O-GlcNAcylation nullifies this safeguard and stimulates the advancement of several ailments, the prognosis of which relies on the cellular milieu. Hence, this review provides a concise overview of the function and comprehension of O-GlcNAcylation in ischemia diseases, aiming to facilitate the discovery of new therapeutic targets for efficient treatment, particularly in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Rui Shi
- Nantong Institute of Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tian-Qi He
- Nantong Institute of Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Meng-Si Lin
- Prenatal Screening and Diagnosis Center, Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Nantong Institute of Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jin-Hua Gu
- Nantong Institute of Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Nantong Institute of Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Park JB, Moon GH, Cho A, Kwon M, Park JW, Yi EC, Kim H, Fukuda J, Kwak C, Ko YG, Chun YS. Neddylation of insulin receptor substrate acts as a bona fide regulator of insulin signaling and its implications for cancer cell migration. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:599-611. [PMID: 38272982 PMCID: PMC11016467 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00729-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Irregularities in insulin signaling have significantly increased the risk of various cancers, yet the precise underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Within our study, we observed that inhibiting neddylation enhances cancer cell migration across different cancer types by activating both insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS1 and IRS2), along with the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Notably, in the context of high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) patients, whether they had type 2 diabetes mellitus or not, IRS1 and IRS2 displayed a parallel relationship with each other while exhibiting an inverse relationship with NEDD8. We also identified C-CBL as an E3 ligase responsible for neddylating IRS1 and IRS2, with clinical evidence further confirming a reciprocal relationship between C-CBL and pAKT, thereby reinforcing the tumor suppressive role of C-CBL. Altogether, these findings suggest that neddylation genuinely participates in IRS1 and IRS2-dependent insulin signaling, effectively suppressing cancer cell migration. Thus, caution is advised when considering neddylation inhibitors as a treatment option for cancer patients, particularly those presenting with insulin signaling dysregulations linked to conditions like obesity-related type 2 diabetes or hyperinsulinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Bum Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Ho Moon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ara Cho
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kwon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Wan Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene C Yi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeryoung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Junji Fukuda
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, 240-8501, Japan
| | - Cheol Kwak
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Ko
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang-Sook Chun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Chen X, Cao M, Yuan C, Luo Y, Wang N, Liu K, Chen T, Chen L, Zhang B, Li C, Zhou X. Follicular fluid exosomes inhibit expression of BTG2 and promote glucose uptake in granulosa cells by delivering miR-21-5p. Theriogenology 2024; 218:45-55. [PMID: 38301506 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Glucose metabolism in granulosa cells (GCs) is essential for follicle development and oocyte maturation. Porcine follicular fluid exosomes promote the proliferation of porcine GCs and the synthesis of steroid hormones. However, their role in regulating glucose uptake in GCs is unclear. The objective of this study was to elucidate the effects of porcine follicular fluid exosomes on glucose uptake in porcine GCs and the intrinsic mechanisms involved. First, transcriptome sequencing revealed that glucose metabolism-related pathways were altered in GCs treated with follicular fluid exosomes. Next, in vitro culture experiments showed that glucose uptake was increased and the IRS1/AKT signaling pathway was activated in GCs after treatment with follicular fluid exosomes. Finally, miRNA sequencing of follicular fluid exosomes revealed that miR-21-5p was the most abundant miRNA. Subsequent investigations indicated that miR-21-5p promoted glucose uptake in GCs by targeting BTG2, which activated the IRS1/AKT signaling pathway. In conclusion, the findings of this study indicate that porcine follicular fluid exosomes promote glucose uptake in porcine GCs by delivering miR-21-5p, which inhibits the expression of BTG2, activating the IRS1/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Maosheng Cao
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Chenfeng Yuan
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Yuxin Luo
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Kening Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Tong Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Lu Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Boqi Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Chunjin Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Xu Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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Nelson ZM, Leonard GD, Fehl C. Tools for investigating O-GlcNAc in signaling and other fundamental biological pathways. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105615. [PMID: 38159850 PMCID: PMC10831167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells continuously fine-tune signaling pathway proteins to match nutrient and stress levels in their local environment by modifying intracellular proteins with O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) sugars, an essential process for cell survival and growth. The small size of these monosaccharide modifications poses a challenge for functional determination, but the chemistry and biology communities have together created a collection of precision tools to study these dynamic sugars. This review presents the major themes by which O-GlcNAc influences signaling pathway proteins, including G-protein coupled receptors, growth factor signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, lipid sensing, and cytokine signaling pathways. Along the way, we describe in detail key chemical biology tools that have been developed and applied to determine specific O-GlcNAc roles in these pathways. These tools include metabolic labeling, O-GlcNAc-enhancing RNA aptamers, fluorescent biosensors, proximity labeling tools, nanobody targeting tools, O-GlcNAc cycling inhibitors, light-activated systems, chemoenzymatic labeling, and nutrient reporter assays. An emergent feature of this signaling pathway meta-analysis is the intricate interplay between O-GlcNAc modifications across different signaling systems, underscoring the importance of O-GlcNAc in regulating cellular processes. We highlight the significance of O-GlcNAc in signaling and the role of chemical and biochemical tools in unraveling distinct glycobiological regulatory mechanisms. Collectively, our field has determined effective strategies to probe O-GlcNAc roles in biology. At the same time, this survey of what we do not yet know presents a clear roadmap for the field to use these powerful chemical tools to explore cross-pathway O-GlcNAc interactions in signaling and other major biological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Garry D Leonard
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Charlie Fehl
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
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6
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Hu YJ, Zhang X, Lv HM, Liu Y, Li SZ. Protein O-GlcNAcylation: The sweet hub in liver metabolic flexibility from a (patho)physiological perspective. Liver Int 2024; 44:293-315. [PMID: 38110988 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic, reversible and atypical O-glycosylation that regulates various cellular physiological processes via conformation, stabilisation, localisation, chaperone interaction or activity of target proteins. The O-GlcNAcylation cycle is precisely controlled by collaboration between O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase. Uridine-diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine, the sole donor of O-GlcNAcylation produced by the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, is controlled by the input of glucose, glutamine, acetyl coenzyme A and uridine triphosphate, making it a sensor of the fluctuation of molecules, making O-GlcNAcylation a pivotal nutrient sensor for the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids and nucleotides. O-GlcNAcylation, particularly prevalent in liver, is the core hub for controlling systemic glucose homeostasis due to its nutritional sensitivity and precise spatiotemporal regulation of insulin signal transduction. The pathology of various liver diseases has highlighted hepatic metabolic disorder and dysfunction, and abnormal O-GlcNAcylation also plays a specific pathological role in these processes. Therefore, this review describes the unique features of O-GlcNAcylation and its dynamic homeostasis maintenance. Additionally, it explains the underlying nutritional sensitivity of O-GlcNAcylation and discusses its mechanism of spatiotemporal modulation of insulin signal transduction and liver metabolic homeostasis during the fasting and feeding cycle. This review emphasises the pathophysiological implications of O-GlcNAcylation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatic fibrosis, and focuses on the adverse effects of hyper O-GlcNAcylation on liver cancer progression and metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hong-Ming Lv
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shi-Ze Li
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs of the People's Republic of China, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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Martínez Báez A, Ayala G, Pedroza-Saavedra A, González-Sánchez HM, Chihu Amparan L. Phosphorylation Codes in IRS-1 and IRS-2 Are Associated with the Activation/Inhibition of Insulin Canonical Signaling Pathways. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:634-649. [PMID: 38248343 PMCID: PMC10814773 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS-1 and IRS-2) are signaling adaptor proteins that participate in canonical pathways, where insulin cascade activation occurs, as well as in non-canonical pathways, in which phosphorylation of substrates is carried out by a diverse array of receptors including integrins, cytokines, steroid hormones, and others. IRS proteins are subject to a spectrum of post-translational modifications essential for their activation, encompassing phosphorylation events in distinct tyrosine, serine, and threonine residues. Tyrosine residue phosphorylation is intricately linked to the activation of the insulin receptor cascade and its interaction with SH2 domains within a spectrum of proteins, including PI3K. Conversely, serine residue phosphorylation assumes a different function, serving to attenuate the effects of insulin. In this review, we have identified over 50 serine residues within IRS-1 that have been reported to undergo phosphorylation orchestrated by a spectrum of kinases, thereby engendering the activation or inhibition of different signaling pathways. Furthermore, we delineate the phosphorylation of over 10 distinct tyrosine residues at IRS-1 or IRS-2 in response to insulin, a process essential for signal transduction and the subsequent activation of PI3K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Martínez Báez
- Infection Disease Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (A.M.B.); (G.A.); (A.P.-S.)
| | - Guadalupe Ayala
- Infection Disease Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (A.M.B.); (G.A.); (A.P.-S.)
| | - Adolfo Pedroza-Saavedra
- Infection Disease Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (A.M.B.); (G.A.); (A.P.-S.)
| | - Hilda M. González-Sánchez
- CONAHCYT—Infection Disease Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico;
| | - Lilia Chihu Amparan
- Infection Disease Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (A.M.B.); (G.A.); (A.P.-S.)
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Niveta JPS, John CM, Arockiasamy S. Monoamine oxidase mediated oxidative stress: a potential molecular and biochemical crux in the pathogenesis of obesity. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 51:29. [PMID: 38142252 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08938-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has become a global health concern with an increasing prevalence as years pass by but the researchers have not come to a consensus on the exact pathophysiological mechanism underlying this disease. In the past three decades, Monoamine Oxidases (MAO), has come into limelight for a possible involvement in orchestrating the genesis of obesity but the exact mechanism is not well elucidated. MAO is essentially an enzyme involved in the catabolism of neurotransmitters and other biogenic amines to form a corresponding aldehyde, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ammonia. This review aims to highlight the repercussions of MAO's catabolic activity on the redox balance, carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism of adipocytes which ultimately leads to obesity. The H2O2 produced by these enzymes seems to be the culprit causing oxidative stress in pre-adipocytes and goes on to mimic insulin's activity independent of its presence via the Protein Kinase B Pathway facilitating glucose influx. The H2O2 activates Sterol regulatory-element binding protein-1c and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma crucial for encoding enzymes like fatty acid synthase, acetyl CoA carboxylase 1, Adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase, phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase etc., which helps promoting lipogenesis at the same time inhibits lipolysis. More reactive oxygen species production occurs via NADPH Oxidases enzymes and is also able activate Nuclear Factor kappa B leading to inflammation in the adipocyte microenvironment. This chronic inflammation is the seed for insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Shirley Niveta
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Cordelia Mano John
- Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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Silva-Aguiar RP, Teixeira DE, Peres RAS, Alves SAS, Novaes-Fernandes C, Dias WB, Pinheiro AAS, Peruchetti DB, Caruso-Neves C. O-Linked GlcNAcylation mediates the inhibition of proximal tubule (Na ++K +)ATPase activity in the early stage of diabetes mellitus. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130466. [PMID: 37742874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). It has been proposed that modifications in the function of proximal tubule epithelial cells (PTECs) precede glomerular damage during the onset of DKD. This study aimed to identify modifications in renal sodium handling in the early stage of DM and its molecular mechanism. METHODS Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic BALB/c mice (STZ group) and LLC-PK1 cells, a model of PTECs, were used. All parameters were assessed in the 4th week after an initial injection of STZ. RESULTS Early stage of DKD was characterized by hyperfiltration and PTEC dysfunction. STZ group exhibited increased urinary sodium excretion due to impairment of tubular sodium reabsorption. This was correlated to a decrease in cortical (Na++K+)ATPase (NKA) α1 subunit expression and enzyme activity and an increase in O-GlcNAcylation. RNAseq analysis of patients with DKD revealed an increase in expression of the glutamine-fructose aminotransferase (GFAT) gene, a rate-limiting step of hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, and a decrease in NKA expression. Incubation of LLC-PK1 cells with 10 μM thiamet G, an inhibitor of O-GlcNAcase, reduced the expression and activity of NKA and increased O-GlcNAcylation. Furthermore, 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON), a GFAT inhibitor, or dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, avoided the inhibitory effect of HG on expression and activity of NKA associated with the decrease in O-GlcNAcylation. CONCLUSION Our results show that the impairment of tubular sodium reabsorption, in the early stage of DM, is due to SGLT2-mediated HG influx in PTECs, increase in O-GlcNAcylation and reduction in NKA expression and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo P Silva-Aguiar
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Douglas E Teixeira
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A S Peres
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sarah A S Alves
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Novaes-Fernandes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wagner B Dias
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Acacia S Pinheiro
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health - NanoSAUDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diogo B Peruchetti
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Celso Caruso-Neves
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health - NanoSAUDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa, INCT-Regenera, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico/MCTIC, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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10
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Jalil AT, Hassan NF, Abdulameer SJ, Farhan ZM, Suleiman AA, Al-Azzawi AK, Zabibah R, Fadhil A. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway and inflammatory bowel disease: Current status and future prospects. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:910-917. [PMID: 36939850 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic life-limiting disease of gastrointestinal tract characterized by widespread enteric inflammation. IBD is a multifactorial disease, and different environmental, microbial, and immune-related factors give rise to the development of disease. Among several factors, the preponderance of pro-inflammatory T helper 17 cells over the anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells augments inflammation in the intestinal mucosa. Prevailing evidence accentuates that PI3K signaling pathway plays a central role in the pathophysiology of the condition by regulating the inflammatory process in the gut mucosa. By recognizing the implications of PI3K in the pathogenesis of IBD, agents that could modulate this pathway have recently been at the focus of research, yielding encouraging results mainly in the experimental IBD models. In this review, we have summarized the recent advances, which may hold the keys to identify novel therapeutic strategies for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neeran Flaeh Hassan
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Sada Jasim Abdulameer
- Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, Wasit University, Kut, Iraq
| | - Zainab Mohammed Farhan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | | | | | - Rahman Zabibah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Ali Fadhil
- College of Medical Technology, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Gonzalez-Rellan MJ, Parracho T, Heras V, Rodriguez A, Fondevila MF, Novoa E, Lima N, Varela-Rey M, Senra A, Chantada-Vazquez MD, Ameneiro C, Bernardo G, Fernandez-Ramos D, Lopitz-Otsoa F, Bilbao J, Guallar D, Fidalgo M, Bravo S, Dieguez C, Martinez-Chantar ML, Millet O, Mato JM, Schwaninger M, Prevot V, Crespo J, Frühbeck G, Iruzubieta P, Nogueiras R. Hepatocyte-specific O-GlcNAc transferase downregulation ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by improving mitochondrial function. Mol Metab 2023:101776. [PMID: 37453647 PMCID: PMC10382944 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a post-translational modification that directly couples the processes of nutrient sensing, metabolism, and signal transduction, affecting protein function and localization, since the O-linked N-acetylglucosamine moiety comes directly from the metabolism of glucose, lipids, and amino acids. De addition and removal of O-GlcNAc of target proteins is mediated by two highly conserved enzymes: O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), respectively. Deregulation of O-GlcNAcylation has been reported to be associated with various human diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The contribution of deregulated O-GlcNAcylation to the progression and pathogenesis of NAFLD remains intriguing, and a better understanding of its roles in this pathophysiological context is required to uncover novel avenues for therapeutic intervention. By using a translational approach, our aim is to describe the role of OGT and O-GlcNAcylation in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. We used primary mouse hepatocytes, human hepatic cell lines and in vivo mouse models of steatohepatitis to manipulate O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). We also studied OGT and O-GlcNAcylation in liver samples from different cohorts of people with NAFLD. O-GlcNAcylation was upregulated in the liver of people and animal models with steatohepatitis. Downregulation of OGT in NAFLD-hepatocytes improved diet-induced liver injury in both in vivo and in vitro models. Proteomics studies revealed that mitochondrial proteins were hyper-O-GlcNAcylated in the liver of mice with steatohepatitis. Inhibition of OGT is able to restore mitochondrial oxidation and decrease hepatic lipid content in in vitro and in vivo models of NAFLD. These results demonstrate that deregulated hyper-O-GlcNAcylation favors NAFLD progression by reducing mitochondrial oxidation and promoting hepatic lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Gonzalez-Rellan
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain.
| | - Tamara Parracho
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Violeta Heras
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodriguez
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain; Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marcos F Fondevila
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
| | - Eva Novoa
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
| | - Natalia Lima
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marta Varela-Rey
- Gene Regulatory Control in Disease, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Senra
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Dp Chantada-Vazquez
- Proteomic Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, 15705 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Cristina Ameneiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ganeko Bernardo
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - David Fernandez-Ramos
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Fernando Lopitz-Otsoa
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Jon Bilbao
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Diana Guallar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Fidalgo
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Susana Bravo
- Proteomic Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, 15705 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carlos Dieguez
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain
| | - Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio 48160, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Oscar Millet
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology, Spain
| | - Jose M Mato
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160 Derio, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology, Spain
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- University of Lübeck, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Vincent Prevot
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, UMR-S 1172, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID),F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Javier Crespo
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital. Clinical and Translational Digestive Research Group, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain; Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra and IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paula Iruzubieta
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital. Clinical and Translational Digestive Research Group, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Spain; Galicia Agency of Innovation (GAIN), Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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12
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Paneque A, Fortus H, Zheng J, Werlen G, Jacinto E. The Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway: Regulation and Function. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040933. [PMID: 37107691 PMCID: PMC10138107 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) produces uridine diphosphate-N-acetyl glucosamine, UDP-GlcNAc, which is a key metabolite that is used for N- or O-linked glycosylation, a co- or post-translational modification, respectively, that modulates protein activity and expression. The production of hexosamines can occur via de novo or salvage mechanisms that are catalyzed by metabolic enzymes. Nutrients including glutamine, glucose, acetyl-CoA, and UTP are utilized by the HBP. Together with availability of these nutrients, signaling molecules that respond to environmental signals, such as mTOR, AMPK, and stress-regulated transcription factors, modulate the HBP. This review discusses the regulation of GFAT, the key enzyme of the de novo HBP, as well as other metabolic enzymes that catalyze the reactions to produce UDP-GlcNAc. We also examine the contribution of the salvage mechanisms in the HBP and how dietary supplementation of the salvage metabolites glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine could reprogram metabolism and have therapeutic potential. We elaborate on how UDP-GlcNAc is utilized for N-glycosylation of membrane and secretory proteins and how the HBP is reprogrammed during nutrient fluctuations to maintain proteostasis. We also consider how O-GlcNAcylation is coupled to nutrient availability and how this modification modulates cell signaling. We summarize how deregulation of protein N-glycosylation and O-GlcNAcylation can lead to diseases including cancer, diabetes, immunodeficiencies, and congenital disorders of glycosylation. We review the current pharmacological strategies to inhibit GFAT and other enzymes involved in the HBP or glycosylation and how engineered prodrugs could have better therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of diseases related to HBP deregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysta Paneque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Harvey Fortus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Julia Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Guy Werlen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Estela Jacinto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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13
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Brain O-GlcNAcylation: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Phenotype. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 29:255-280. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12390-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Dysregulation of hexosamine biosynthetic pathway wiring metabolic signaling circuits in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2023; 1867:130250. [PMID: 36228878 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Metabolite sensing, a fundamental biological process, plays a key role in metabolic signaling circuit rewiring. Hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) is a glucose metabolic pathway essential for the synthesis of uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), which senses key nutrients and integrally maintains cellular homeostasis. UDP-GlcNAc dynamically regulates protein N-glycosylation and O-linked-N-acetylglucosamine modification (O-GlcNAcylation). Dysregulated HBP flux leads to abnormal protein glycosylation, and contributes to cancer development and progression by affecting protein function and cellular signaling. Furthermore, O-GlcNAcylation regulates cellular signaling pathways, and its alteration is linked to various cancer characteristics. Additionally, recent findings have suggested a close association between HBP stimulation and cancer stemness; an elevated HBP flux promotes cancer cell conversion to cancer stem cells and enhances chemotherapy resistance via downstream signal activation. In this review, we highlight the prominent roles of HBP in metabolic signaling and summarize the recent advances in HBP and its downstream signaling, relevant to cancer.
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15
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Wang HF, Wang YX, Zhou YP, Wei YP, Yan Y, Zhang ZJ, Jing ZC. Protein O-GlcNAcylation in cardiovascular diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:8-18. [PMID: 35817809 PMCID: PMC9813366 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a post-translational modification of protein in response to genetic variations or environmental factors, which is controlled by two highly conserved enzymes, i.e. O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and protein O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Protein O-GlcNAcylation mainly occurs in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and mitochondrion, and it is ubiquitously implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Alterations of O-GlcNAcylation could cause massive metabolic imbalance and affect cardiovascular function, but the role of O-GlcNAcylation in CVD remains controversial. That is, acutely increased O-GlcNAcylation is an adaptive heart response, which temporarily protects cardiac function. While it is harmful to cardiomyocytes if O-GlcNAcylation levels remain high in chronic conditions or in the long run. The underlying mechanisms include regulation of transcription, energy metabolism, and other signal transduction reactions induced by O-GlcNAcylation. In this review, we will focus on the interactions between protein O-GlcNAcylation and CVD, and discuss the potential molecular mechanisms that may be able to pave a new avenue for the treatment of cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yu-Ping Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yun-Peng Wei
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Ze-Jian Zhang
- Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Zhi-Cheng Jing
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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16
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Hu W, Zhang G, Zhou Y, Xia J, Zhang P, Xiao W, Xue M, Lu Z, Yang S. Recent development of analytical methods for disease-specific protein O-GlcNAcylation. RSC Adv 2022; 13:264-280. [PMID: 36605671 PMCID: PMC9768672 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07184c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzymatic modification of protein serine or threonine residues by N-acetylglucosamine, namely O-GlcNAcylation, is a ubiquitous post-translational modification that frequently occurs in the nucleus and cytoplasm. O-GlcNAcylation is dynamically regulated by two enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase, and regulates nearly all cellular processes in epigenetics, transcription, translation, cell division, metabolism, signal transduction and stress. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation has been shown in a variety of diseases, including diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. Deciphering O-GlcNAcylation remains a challenge due to its low abundance, low stoichiometry and extreme lability in most tandem mass spectrometry. Separation or enrichment of O-GlcNAc proteins or peptides from complex mixtures has been of great interest because quantitative analysis of protein O-GlcNAcylation can elucidate their functions and regulatory mechanisms in disease. However, valid and specific analytical methods are still lacking, and efforts are needed to further advance this direction. Here, we provide an overview of recent advances in various analytical methods, focusing on chemical oxidation, affinity of antibodies and lectins, hydrophilic interaction, and enzymatic addition of monosaccharides in conjugation with these methods. O-GlcNAcylation quantification has been described in detail using mass-spectrometric or non-mass-spectrometric techniques. We briefly summarized dysregulated changes in O-GlcNAcylation in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Hu
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China
| | - Guolin Zhang
- Suzhou Institute for Drug ControlSuzhouJiangsu215104China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiang310014China
| | - Jun Xia
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiang310014China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215004China
| | - Wenjin Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215004China
| | - Man Xue
- Suzhou Institute for Drug ControlSuzhouJiangsu215104China
| | - Zhaohui Lu
- Health Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215004China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China
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17
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Zhou Y, Li Z, Xu M, Zhang D, Ling J, Yu P, Shen Y. O-GlycNacylation Remission Retards the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223637. [PMID: 36429065 PMCID: PMC9688300 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disease spectrum associated with insulin resistance (IR), from non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). O-GlcNAcylation is a posttranslational modification, regulated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Abnormal O-GlcNAcylation plays a key role in IR, fat deposition, inflammatory injury, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis. However, the specific mechanisms and clinical treatments of O-GlcNAcylation and NAFLD are yet to be elucidated. The modification contributes to understanding the pathogenesis and development of NAFLD, thus clarifying the protective effect of O-GlcNAcylation inhibition on liver injury. In this review, the crucial role of O-GlcNAcylation in NAFLD (from NAFL to HCC) is discussed, and the effect of therapeutics on O-GlcNAcylation and its potential mechanisms on NAFLD have been highlighted. These inferences present novel insights into the pathogenesis and treatments of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhangwang Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Jitao Ling
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (P.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yunfeng Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (P.Y.); (Y.S.)
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Hu A, Zou H, Chen B, Zhong J. Posttranslational modifications in diabetes: Mechanisms and functions. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:1011-1033. [PMID: 35697961 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09740-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As one of the most widespread chronic diseases, diabetes and its accompanying complications affect approximately one tenth of individuals worldwide and represent a growing cause of morbidity and mortality. Accumulating evidence has proven that the process of diabetes is complex and interactive, involving various cellular responses and signaling cascades by posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Therefore, understanding the mechanisms and functions of PTMs in regulatory networks has fundamental importance for understanding the prediction, onset, diagnosis, progression, and treatment of diabetes. In this review, we offer a holistic summary and illustration of the crosstalk between PTMs and diabetes, including both types 1 and 2. Meanwhile, we discuss the potential use of PTMs in diabetes treatment and provide a prospective direction for deeply understanding the metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, 323 National Road, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Haohong Zou
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, 323 National Road, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, 323 National Road, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jianing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, 323 National Road, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
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Protein O-GlcNAcylation in Metabolic Modulation of Skeletal Muscle: A Bright but Long Way to Go. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100888. [DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is an atypical, dynamic and reversible O-glycosylation that is critical and abundant in metazoan. O-GlcNAcylation coordinates and receives various signaling inputs such as nutrients and stresses, thus spatiotemporally regulating the activity, stability, localization and interaction of target proteins to participate in cellular physiological functions. Our review discusses in depth the involvement of O-GlcNAcylation in the precise regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism, such as glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, tricarboxylic acid cycle and mitochondrial biogenesis. The complex interaction and precise modulation of O-GlcNAcylation in these nutritional pathways of skeletal muscle also provide emerging mechanical information on how nutrients affect health, exercise and disease. Meanwhile, we explored the potential role of O-GlcNAcylation in skeletal muscle pathology and focused on its benefits in maintaining proteostasis under atrophy. In general, these understandings of O-GlcNAcylation are conducive to providing new insights into skeletal muscle (patho) physiology.
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20
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Protein O-GlcNAcylation and the regulation of energy homeostasis: lessons from knock-out mouse models. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:64. [PMID: 36058931 PMCID: PMC9443036 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00851-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation corresponds to the addition of N-Acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) on serine or threonine residues of cytosolic, nuclear and mitochondrial proteins. This reversible modification is catalysed by a unique couple of enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). OGT uses UDP-GlcNAc produced in the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway, to modify proteins. UDP-GlcNAc is at the cross-roads of several cellular metabolisms, including glucose, amino acids and fatty acids. Therefore, OGT is considered as a metabolic sensor that post-translationally modifies proteins according to nutrient availability. O-GlcNAcylation can modulate protein–protein interactions and regulate protein enzymatic activities, stability or subcellular localization. In addition, it can compete with phosphorylation on the same serine or threonine residues, or regulate positively or negatively the phosphorylation of adjacent residues. As such, O-GlcNAcylation is a major actor in the regulation of cell signaling and has been implicated in numerous physiological and pathological processes. A large body of evidence have indicated that increased O-GlcNAcylation participates in the deleterious effects of glucose (glucotoxicity) in metabolic diseases. However, recent studies using mice models with OGT or OGA knock-out in different tissues have shown that O-GlcNAcylation protects against various cellular stresses, and indicate that both increase and decrease in O-GlcNAcylation have deleterious effects on the regulation of energy homeostasis.
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21
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O-GlcNAc Modification and Its Role in Diabetic Retinopathy. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080725. [PMID: 36005597 PMCID: PMC9415332 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading complication in type 1 and type 2 diabetes and has emerged as a significant health problem. Currently, there are no effective therapeutic strategies owing to its inconspicuous early lesions and complex pathological mechanisms. Therefore, the mechanism of molecular pathogenesis requires further elucidation to identify potential targets that can aid in the prevention of DR. As a type of protein translational modification, O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification is involved in many diseases, and increasing evidence suggests that dysregulated O-GlcNAc modification is associated with DR. The present review discusses O-GlcNAc modification and its molecular mechanisms involved in DR. O-GlcNAc modification might represent a novel alternative therapeutic target for DR in the future.
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22
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Fenckova M, Muha V, Mariappa D, Catinozzi M, Czajewski I, Blok LER, Ferenbach AT, Storkebaum E, Schenck A, van Aalten DMF. Intellectual disability-associated disruption of O-GlcNAc cycling impairs habituation learning in Drosophila. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010159. [PMID: 35500025 PMCID: PMC9140282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a reversible co-/post-translational modification involved in a multitude of cellular processes. The addition and removal of the O-GlcNAc modification is controlled by two conserved enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAc hydrolase (OGA). Mutations in OGT have recently been discovered to cause a novel Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation (OGT-CDG) that is characterized by intellectual disability. The mechanisms by which OGT-CDG mutations affect cognition remain unclear. We manipulated O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAc hydrolase activity in Drosophila and demonstrate an important role of O-GlcNAcylation in habituation learning and synaptic development at the larval neuromuscular junction. Introduction of patient-specific missense mutations into Drosophila O-GlcNAc transferase using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing leads to deficits in locomotor function and habituation learning. The habituation deficit can be corrected by blocking O-GlcNAc hydrolysis, indicating that OGT-CDG mutations affect cognition-relevant habituation via reduced protein O-GlcNAcylation. This study establishes a critical role for O-GlcNAc cycling and disrupted O-GlcNAc transferase activity in cognitive dysfunction, and suggests that blocking O-GlcNAc hydrolysis is a potential strategy to treat OGT-CDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Fenckova
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Villo Muha
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Mariappa
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Marica Catinozzi
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ignacy Czajewski
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Laura E. R. Blok
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Andrew T. Ferenbach
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Erik Storkebaum
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Annette Schenck
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Daan M. F. van Aalten
- Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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Mannino MP, Hart GW. The Beginner’s Guide to O-GlcNAc: From Nutrient Sensitive Pathway Regulation to Its Impact on the Immune System. Front Immunol 2022; 13:828648. [PMID: 35173739 PMCID: PMC8841346 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.828648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The addition of N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) on the hydroxy group of serine/threonine residues is known as O-GlcNAcylation (OGN). The dynamic cycling of this monosaccharide on and off substrates occurs via O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminase (OGA) respectively. These enzymes are found ubiquitously in eukaryotes and genetic knock outs of the ogt gene has been found to be lethal in embryonic mice. The substrate scope of these enzymes is vast, over 15,000 proteins across 43 species have been identified with O-GlcNAc. OGN has been known to play a key role in several cellular processes such as: transcription, translation, cell signaling, nutrient sensing, immune cell development and various steps of the cell cycle. However, its dysregulation is present in various diseases: cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes. O-GlcNAc is heavily involved in cross talk with other post-translational modifications (PTM), such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination, by regulating each other’s cycling enzymes or directly competing addition on the same substrate. This crosstalk between PTMs can affect gene expression, protein localization, and protein stability; therefore, regulating a multitude of cell signaling pathways. In this review the roles of OGN will be discussed. The effect O-GlcNAc exerts over protein-protein interactions, the various forms of crosstalk with other PTMs, and its role as a nutrient sensor will be highlighted. A summary of how these O-GlcNAc driven processes effect the immune system will also be included.
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Cao M, Bu C, Zhang J, Ren Y, Zhou G, Chen C, Han G, Jiang SW, Wen J. Exosomal Circular RNA hsa_circ_0046060 of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Ameliorates Glucose Metabolism and Insulin Resistance in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus via the miR-338-3p/G6PC2 Axis. Int J Endocrinol 2022; 2022:9218113. [PMID: 35726320 PMCID: PMC9206588 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9218113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity have been linked to the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Exosomes secreted by the umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (UMSCs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) derived from exosomes have been shown to be associated with the progression of GDM-related complications. METHODS UMSCs were isolated from umbilical cords and identified through flow cytometry. Exosomes were isolated from UMSCs and were then characterized. The expression levels of RNA of hsa_circ_0046060, mmu_circ_0002819, and miR-338-3p were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The intracellular glucose intake and glycogen content were measured using a High Sensitivity Glucose Assay Kit and Glycogen Assay Kit, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay were used to validate interactions among hsa_circ_0046060, miR-338-3p, and G6PC2. The expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and its phosphorylated form, (p-IRS-1), as well as G6PC2, was determined through western blotting. RESULTS UMSCs and exosomes were successfully isolated and identified. The upregulation of hsa_circ_0046060 decreased the intracellular glucose content in L-02 cells (43.45 vs. 16.87 pM/mg, P=0.0002), whereas shRNA-mediated downregulation reversed this effect (16.87 vs. 33.16 pM/mg, P=0.0011). Mmu_circ_0002819 in mice aggravated dysregulated glucose metabolism (49.88 vs. 21.69 pM/mg, P=0.0031) and insulin sensitivity (0.20 vs. 0.11 mg/mL, P=0.03) in GDM mice, which was abrogated by the knockdown of mmu_circ_0002819. The results of luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-338-3p and G6PC2 were the potential targets of has_circ_0046060. Western blotting results showed that the reduced activation of IRS-1 induced by GDM (1.25 vs. 0.54, P=0.0001) could be rescued by the administration of si-circ-G-UMSC-EXOs (0.54 vs. 1.17, P=0.0001). CONCLUSION Taken together, the inhibition of hsa_circ_0046060 expression in exosomes from GDM-derived UMSCs can alleviate GDM by reversing abnormal glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkai Cao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Wuxi Matemity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaozhi Bu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, The Affiliated Wuxi Matemity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yongwei Ren
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, The Affiliated Wuxi Matemity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanlun Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Guorong Han
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Shi-Wen Jiang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, The Affiliated Wuxi Matemity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Wen
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, China
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25
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Gonzalez-Rellan MJ, Fondevila MF, Dieguez C, Nogueiras R. O-GlcNAcylation: A Sweet Hub in the Regulation of Glucose Metabolism in Health and Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:873513. [PMID: 35527999 PMCID: PMC9072661 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.873513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a posttranslational modification ruled by the activity of a single pair of enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). These two enzymes carry out the dynamic cycling of O-GlcNAcylation on a wide range of cytosolic, nuclear, and mitochondrial proteins in a nutrient- and stress-responsive manner. To maintain proper glucose homeostasis, a precise mechanism to sense blood glucose levels is required, to adapt cell physiology to fluctuations in nutrient intake to maintain glycemia within a narrow range. Disruptions in glucose homeostasis generates metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. In this review we will discuss and summarize emerging findings that points O-GlcNAcylation as a hub in the control of systemic glucose homeostasis, and its involvement in the generation of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Gonzalez-Rellan
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- *Correspondence: Maria J. Gonzalez-Rellan, ; Marcos F. Fondevila,
| | - Marcos F. Fondevila
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Maria J. Gonzalez-Rellan, ; Marcos F. Fondevila,
| | - Carlos Dieguez
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- Department of Physiology, CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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26
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Dierschke SK, Dennis MD. Retinal Protein O-GlcNAcylation and the Ocular Renin-angiotensin System: Signaling Cross-roads in Diabetic Retinopathy. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e011121190177. [PMID: 33430751 PMCID: PMC8272735 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817999210111205933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that diabetes and its associated hyperglycemia negatively impact retinal function, yet we know little about the role played by augmented flux through the Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway (HBP). This offshoot of the glycolytic pathway produces UDP-Nacetyl- glucosamine, which serves as the substrate for post-translational O-linked modification of proteins in a process referred to as O-GlcNAcylation. HBP flux and subsequent protein O-GlcNAcylation serve as nutrient sensors, enabling cells to integrate metabolic information to appropriately modulate fundamental cellular processes including gene expression. Here we summarize the impact of diabetes on retinal physiology, highlighting recent studies that explore the role of O-GlcNAcylation- induced variation in mRNA translation in retinal dysfunction and the pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). Augmented O-GlcNAcylation results in wide variation in the selection of mRNAs for translation, in part, due to O-GlcNAcylation of the translational repressor 4E-BP1. Recent studies demonstrate that 4E-BP1 plays a critical role in regulating O-GlcNAcylation-induced changes in the translation of the mRNAs encoding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), a number of important mitochondrial proteins, and CD40, a key costimulatory molecule involved in diabetes-induced retinal inflammation. Remarkably, 4E-BP1/2 ablation delays the onset of diabetes- induced visual dysfunction in mice. Thus, pharmacological interventions to prevent the impact of O-GlcNAcylation on 4E-BP1 may represent promising therapeutics to address the development and progression of DR. In this regard, we discuss the potential interplay between retinal O-GlcNAcylation and the ocular renin-angiotensin system as a potential therapeutic target of future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadie K. Dierschke
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine
| | - Michael D. Dennis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State College of Medicine
- Department of Ophthalmology, Penn State College of Medicine
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, H166, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive Hershey, PA 17033; Tel: (717)531-0003 Ext-282596; Fax: (717)531-7667;
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27
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Kwon OH, Cho YY, Lee JH, Chung S. O-GlcNAcylation Inhibits Endocytosis of Amyloid Precursor Protein by Decreasing Its Localization in Lipid Raft Microdomains. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11120909. [PMID: 34940409 PMCID: PMC8704492 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Like protein phosphorylation, O-GlcNAcylation is a common post-translational protein modification. We already reported that O-GlcNAcylation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in response to insulin signaling reduces neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) production via inhibition of APP endocytosis. Internalized APP is delivered to endosomes and lysosomes where Aβ is produced. However, the molecular mechanism involved in the effect of APP O-GlcNAcylation on APP trafficking remains unknown. To investigate the relationship between APP O-GlcNAcylation and APP endocytosis, we tested the effects of insulin on neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing APP and BACE1, and cultured rat hippocampal neurons. The present study showed that APP O-GlcNAcylation translocated APP from lipid raft to non-raft microdomains in the plasma membrane by using immunocytochemistry and discontinuous sucrose gradients method. By using the biotinylation method, we also found that APP preferentially underwent endocytosis from lipid rafts and that the amount of internalized APP from lipid rafts was specifically reduced by O-GlcNAcylation. These results indicate that O-GlcNAcylation can regulate lipid raft-dependent APP endocytosis via translocation of APP into non-raft microdomains. Our findings showed a new functional role of O-GlcNAcylation for the regulation of APP trafficking, offering new mechanistic insight for Aβ production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh-Hoon Kwon
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (O.-H.K.); (Y.Y.C.)
| | - Yoon Young Cho
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (O.-H.K.); (Y.Y.C.)
| | - Jung Hee Lee
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Korea;
| | - Sungkwon Chung
- Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea; (O.-H.K.); (Y.Y.C.)
- Correspondence:
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28
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Xiao J, Zhang B, Su Z, Liu Y, Shelite TR, Chang Q, Qiu Y, Bei J, Wang P, Bukreyev A, Soong L, Jin Y, Ksiazek T, Gaitas A, Rossi SL, Zhou J, Laposata M, Saito TB, Gong B. Intracellular receptor EPAC regulates von Willebrand factor secretion from endothelial cells in a PI3K-/eNOS-dependent manner during inflammation. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101315. [PMID: 34678311 PMCID: PMC8526113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coagulopathy is associated with both inflammation and infection, including infections with novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, the causative agent Coagulopathy is associated with both inflammation and infection, including infection with novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. Clot formation is promoted via cAMP-mediated secretion of von Willebrand factor (vWF), which fine-tunes the process of hemostasis. The exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) is a ubiquitously expressed intracellular cAMP receptor that plays a regulatory role in suppressing inflammation. To assess whether EPAC could regulate vWF release during inflammation, we utilized our EPAC1-null mouse model and revealed increased secretion of vWF in endotoxemic mice in the absence of the EPAC1 gene. Pharmacological inhibition of EPAC1 in vitro mimicked the EPAC1-/- phenotype. In addition, EPAC1 regulated tumor necrosis factor-α-triggered vWF secretion from human umbilical vein endothelial cells in a manner dependent upon inflammatory effector molecules PI3K and endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Furthermore, EPAC1 activation reduced inflammation-triggered vWF release, both in vivo and in vitro. Our data delineate a novel regulatory role for EPAC1 in vWF secretion and shed light on the potential development of new strategies to control thrombosis during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Ben Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Zhengchen Su
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Yakun Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas R Shelite
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Qing Chang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Yuan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Jiani Bei
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Pingyuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Alexander Bukreyev
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Lynn Soong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Yang Jin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Medical Campus, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas Ksiazek
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Angelo Gaitas
- The Estelle and Daniel Maggin Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shannan L Rossi
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Laposata
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Tais B Saito
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Bin Gong
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
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Lee JB, Pyo KH, Kim HR. Role and Function of O-GlcNAcylation in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215365. [PMID: 34771527 PMCID: PMC8582477 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite the rapid advancement in immunotherapy and targeted agents, many patients diagnosed with cancer have poor prognosis with dismal overall survival. One of the key hallmarks of cancer is the ability of cancer cells to reprogram their energy metabolism. O-GlcNAcylation is an emerging potential mechanism for cancer cells to induce proliferation and progression of tumor cells and resistance to chemotherapy. This review summarizes the mechanism behind O-GlcNAcylation and discusses the role of O-GlcNAcylation, including its function with receptor tyrosine kinase and chemo-resistance in cancer, and immune response to cancer and as a prognostic factor. Further pre-clinical studies on O-GlcNAcylation are warranted to assess the clinical efficacy of agents targeting O-GlcNAcylation. Abstract Cancer cells are able to reprogram their glucose metabolism and retain energy via glycolysis even under aerobic conditions. They activate the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), and the complex interplay of O-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) via deprivation of nutrients or increase in cellular stress results in the proliferation, progression, and metastasis of cancer cells. Notably, cancer is one of the emerging diseases associated with O-GlcNAcylation. In this review, we summarize studies that delineate the role of O-GlcNAcylation in cancer, including its modulation in metastasis, function with receptor tyrosine kinases, and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, such as cisplatin. In addition, we discuss the function of O-GlcNAcylation in eliciting immune responses associated with immune surveillance in the tumor microenvironment. O-GlcNAcylation is increasingly accepted as one of the key players involved in the activation and differentiation of T cells and macrophages. Finally, we discuss the prognostic role of O-GlcNAcylation and potential therapeutic agents such as O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine-transferase inhibitors, which may help overcome the resistance mechanism associated with the reprogramming of glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jii Bum Lee
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea;
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- Department of Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.-H.P.); (H.R.K.); Tel.: +82-2228-0869 (K.-H.P.); +82-2228-8125 (H.R.K.)
| | - Hye Ryun Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.-H.P.); (H.R.K.); Tel.: +82-2228-0869 (K.-H.P.); +82-2228-8125 (H.R.K.)
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30
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Kaleem A, Javed S, Rehman N, Abdullah R, Iqtedar M, Aftab MN, Hoessli DC, Haq IU. Phosphorylated and O-GlcNAc Modified IRS-1 (Ser1101) and -2 (Ser1149) Contribute to Human Diabetes Type II. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:333-339. [PMID: 32798372 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200813210407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of the chronic metabolic disorder Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing steadily, and has even turned into an epidemic in some countries. T2DM results from defective responses to insulin and obesity is a major factor behind insulin resistance in T2DM. Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins are adaptor proteins in the insulin receptor signalling pathway. The insulin signalling is controlled through tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and IRS-2, and dysregulation of IRS proteins signalling may lead to glucose intolerance and eventually insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE In this work, we suggest that both glycosylation (O-GlcNAc modification) and phosphorylation of IRS-1 and -2 are involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM. METHODS Phosphorylation and O-GlcNAc modifications (Ser1101 in IRS-1 and Ser1149 in IRS-2) proteins were determined experimentally by sandwich ELISA with specific antibodies and with bioinformatics tools. RESULTS When IRS-1 (on Ser1101) and IRS-2 (Ser1149) become glycosylated following an increase in UDP-GlcNAc pools, it may contribute to insulin resistance. Whereas when the same (IRS-1 on Ser1101 and IRS-2 on Ser1149) are phosphorylated, the insulin signalling is inhibited. DISCUSSION In this work OGlcNAc-modified proteins were specifically detected using O-Glc- NAc-specific antibodies, suggesting that elevated levels of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins are found, independently of their possible involvement in Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs). CONCLUSION This study suggests a mechanism, which is controlled by posttranslational modifications, and may contribute to the pathogenesis of type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Kaleem
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Sabahat Javed
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nayab Rehman
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Roheena Abdullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Iqtedar
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Nauman Aftab
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Daniel C Hoessli
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ikram-Ul Haq
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
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31
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Zhang H, Li Z, Wang Y, Kong Y. O-GlcNAcylation is a key regulator of multiple cellular metabolic pathways. PeerJ 2021. [DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation modifies proteins in serine or threonine residues in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. It regulates a variety of cellular biological processes and abnormal O-GlcNAcylation is associated with diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent evidence has suggested that O-GlcNAcylation acts as a nutrient sensor and signal integrator to regulate metabolic signaling, and that dysregulation of its metabolism may be an important indicator of pathogenesis in disease. Here, we review the literature focusing on O-GlcNAcylation regulation in major metabolic processes, such as glucose metabolism, mitochondrial oxidation, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. We discuss its role in physiological processes, such as cellular nutrient sensing and homeostasis maintenance. O-GlcNAcylation acts as a key regulator in multiple metabolic processes and pathways. Our review will provide a better understanding of how O-GlcNAcylation coordinates metabolism and integrates molecular networks.
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Zuliani I, Lanzillotta C, Tramutola A, Barone E, Perluigi M, Rinaldo S, Paone A, Cutruzzolà F, Bellanti F, Spinelli M, Natale F, Fusco S, Grassi C, Di Domenico F. High-Fat Diet Leads to Reduced Protein O-GlcNAcylation and Mitochondrial Defects Promoting the Development of Alzheimer's Disease Signatures. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073746. [PMID: 33916835 PMCID: PMC8038495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The disturbance of protein O-GlcNAcylation is emerging as a possible link between altered brain metabolism and the progression of neurodegeneration. As observed in brains with Alzheimer's disease (AD), flaws of the cerebral glucose uptake translate into reduced protein O-GlcNAcylation, which promote the formation of pathological hallmarks. A high-fat diet (HFD) is known to foster metabolic dysregulation and insulin resistance in the brain and such effects have been associated with the reduction of cognitive performances. Remarkably, a significant role in HFD-related cognitive decline might be played by aberrant protein O-GlcNAcylation by triggering the development of AD signature and mitochondrial impairment. Our data support the impairment of total protein O-GlcNAcylation profile both in the brain of mice subjected to a 6-week high-fat-diet (HFD) and in our in vitro transposition on SH-SY5Y cells. The reduction of protein O-GlcNAcylation was associated with the development of insulin resistance, induced by overfeeding (i.e., defective insulin signaling and reduced mitochondrial activity), which promoted the dysregulation of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) flux, through the AMPK-driven reduction of GFAT1 activation. Further, we observed that a HFD induced the selective impairment of O-GlcNAcylated-tau and of O-GlcNAcylated-Complex I subunit NDUFB8, thus resulting in tau toxicity and reduced respiratory chain functionality respectively, highlighting the involvement of this posttranslational modification in the neurodegenerative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Zuliani
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Chiara Lanzillotta
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Antonella Tramutola
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Eugenio Barone
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Marzia Perluigi
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Serena Rinaldo
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Alessio Paone
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesca Cutruzzolà
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Matteo Spinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (C.G.)
| | - Francesca Natale
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (C.G.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Fusco
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (C.G.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (C.G.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Liu Y, Yao RZ, Lian S, Liu P, Hu YJ, Shi HZ, Lv HM, Yang YY, Xu B, Li SZ. O-GlcNAcylation: the "stress and nutrition receptor" in cell stress response. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:297-309. [PMID: 33159661 PMCID: PMC7925768 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01177-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is an atypical, reversible, and dynamic glycosylation that plays a critical role in maintaining the normal physiological functions of cells by regulating various biological processes such as signal transduction, proteasome activity, apoptosis, autophagy, transcription, and translation. It can also respond to environmental changes and physiological signals to play the role of "stress receptor" and "nutrition sensor" in a variety of stress responses and biological processes. Even, a homeostatic disorder of O-GlcNAcylation may cause many diseases. Therefore, O-GlcNAcylation and its regulatory role in stress response are reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Zhi Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Lian
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jie Hu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Zhao Shi
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ming Lv
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ying Yang
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Xu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shi-Ze Li
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China.
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Bolanle IO, Riches-Suman K, Williamson R, Palmer TM. Emerging roles of protein O-GlcNAcylation in cardiovascular diseases: Insights and novel therapeutic targets. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105467. [PMID: 33515704 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally. While the major focus of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions has been on targeting disease pathophysiology and limiting predisposing factors, our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CVDs remains incomplete. One mechanism that has recently emerged is protein O-GlcNAcylation. This is a dynamic, site-specific reversible post-translational modification of serine and threonine residues on target proteins and is controlled by two enzymes: O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (OGA). Protein O-GlcNAcylation alters the cellular functions of these target proteins which play vital roles in pathways that modulate vascular homeostasis and cardiac function. Through this review, we aim to give insights on the role of protein O-GlcNAcylation in cardiovascular diseases and identify potential therapeutic targets in this pathway for development of more effective medicines to improve patient outcomes.
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Key Words
- (R)-N-(Furan-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-6-sulfonamido)-N-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)acetamide [OSMI-1] (PubChem CID: 118634407)
- 2-(2-Amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one [PD98059] (PubChem CID: 4713)
- 5H-Pyrano[3,2-d]thiazole-6,7-diol, 2-(ethylamino)-3a,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-5-(hydroxymethyl)-(3aR,5R,6S,7R,7aR) [Thiamet-G] (PubChem CID: 1355663540)
- 6-Diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine [DON] (PubChem CID: 9087)
- Alloxan (PubChem CID: 5781)
- Azaserine (PubChem CID: 460129)
- BADGP, Benzyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-d-galactopyranoside [BADGP] (PubChem CID: 561184)
- Cardiovascular disease
- Methoxybenzene-sulfonamide [KN-93] (PubChem CID: 5312122)
- N-[(5S,6R,7R,8R)-6,7-Dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(2-phenylethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-8-yl]-2-methylpropanamide [GlcNAcstatin] (PubChem CID: 122173013)
- O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosyliden)amino-N-phenylcarbamate [PUGNAc] (PubChem CID: 9576811)
- O-GlcNAc transferase
- O-GlcNAcase
- Protein O-GlcNAcylation
- Streptozotocin (PubCHem CID: 7067772)
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Olapeju Bolanle
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Kirsten Riches-Suman
- School of Chemistry and Bioscience, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Ritchie Williamson
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Timothy M Palmer
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
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Ma J, Wu C, Hart GW. Analytical and Biochemical Perspectives of Protein O-GlcNAcylation. Chem Rev 2021; 121:1513-1581. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Ci Wu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Gerald W. Hart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Zuliani I, Lanzillotta C, Tramutola A, Francioso A, Pagnotta S, Barone E, Perluigi M, Di Domenico F. The Dysregulation of OGT/OGA Cycle Mediates Tau and APP Neuropathology in Down Syndrome. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:340-363. [PMID: 33258073 PMCID: PMC8116370 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00978-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein O-GlcNAcylation is a nutrient-related post-translational modification that, since its discovery some 30 years ago, has been associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases. As reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD), flaws in the cerebral glucose uptake translate into reduced hexosamine biosynthetic pathway flux and subsequently lead to aberrant protein O-GlcNAcylation. Notably, the reduction of O-GlcNAcylated proteins involves also tau and APP, thus promoting their aberrant phosphorylation in AD brain and the onset of AD pathological markers. Down syndrome (DS) individuals are characterized by the early development of AD by the age of 60 and, although the two conditions present the same pathological hallmarks and share the alteration of many molecular mechanisms driving brain degeneration, no evidence has been sought on the implication of O-GlcNAcylation in DS pathology. Our study aimed to unravel for the first time the role of protein O-GlcNacylation in DS brain alterations positing the attention of potential trisomy-related mechanisms triggering the aberrant regulation of OGT/OGA cycle. We demonstrate the disruption of O-GlcNAcylation homeostasis, as an effect of altered OGT and OGA regulatory mechanism, and confirm the relevance of O-GlcNAcylation in the appearance of AD hallmarks in the brain of a murine model of DS. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the neuroprotective effects of brain-targeted OGA inhibition. Indeed, the rescue of OGA activity was able to restore protein O-GlcNAcylation, and reduce AD-related hallmarks and decreased protein nitration, possibly as effect of induced autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Zuliani
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Lanzillotta
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Tramutola
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Francioso
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Pagnotta
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Barone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Perluigi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Ning J, Yang H. O-GlcNAcylation in Hyperglycemic Pregnancies: Impact on Placental Function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:659733. [PMID: 34140929 PMCID: PMC8204080 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.659733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic cycling of N-acetylglucosamine, termed as O-GlcNAcylation, is a post-translational modification of proteins and is involved in the regulation of fundamental cellular processes. It is controlled by two essential enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase. O-GlcNAcylation serves as a modulator in placental tissue; furthermore, increased levels of protein O-GlcNAcylation have been observed in women with hyperglycemia during pregnancy, which may affect the short-and long-term development of offspring. In this review, we focus on the impact of O-GlcNAcylation on placental functions in hyperglycemia-associated pregnancies. We discuss the following topics: effect of O-GlcNAcylation on placental development and its association with hyperglycemia; maternal-fetal nutrition transport, particularly glucose transport, via the mammalian target of rapamycin and AMP-activated protein kinase pathways; and the two-sided regulatory effect of O-GlcNAcylation on inflammation. As O-GlcNAcylation in the placental tissues of pregnant women with hyperglycemia influences near- and long-term development of offspring, research in this field has significant therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ning
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal Foetal Medicine of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Beijing, China
- Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huixia Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maternal Foetal Medicine of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Beijing, China
- Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Huixia Yang,
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Flax J, Wilkins HM, Miller R, Griffith S, Cork GK, Qiang A, Thompson J, Swerdlow RH, Slawson C. OGA Inhibition Alters Energetics and Nutrient Sensing in Alzheimer's Disease Cytoplasmic Hybrids. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 78:1743-1753. [PMID: 33285636 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) features reductions in key bioenergetic fluxes and perturbed mitochondrial function. Cytoplasmic hybrids (cybrids) generated through the transfer of AD subject mitochondria to mtDNA-depleted SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells recapitulate some of these features in an in vitro setting. OBJECTIVE For this study, we used the AD cybrid model to assess the impact of a nutrient-excess like-state via increasing O-GlcNAcylation on whole cell and mitochondrial homeostasis. METHODS We induced increased O-GlcNAc by treating AD and control cybrid cell lines with Thiamet G (TMG), an inhibitor of the O-GlcNAcase enzyme that mediates removal of the nutrient-dependent O-GlcNAc modification. RESULTS Relative to control cybrid cell lines, AD cybrid lines showed a blunted response to TMG-induced O-GlcNAcylation. At baseline, AD cybrid cell line mitochondria showed partial activation of several proteins that help maintain bioenergetic homeostasis such as AMP-Regulated Kinase suggesting that AD mitochondria initiate a state of nutrient stress promoting energetic compensation; however, this compensation reduces the capacity of cells to respond to additional nutrient-related stresses such as TMG treatment. Also, TMG caused disruptions in acetylation and Sirtuin 3 expression, while lowing total energetic output of the cell. CONCLUSION Together, these findings suggest that modulation of O-GlcNAc is essential for proper energetic function of the mitochondria, and AD mitochondrial capacity to handle nutrient-excess is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod Flax
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Heather M Wilkins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Reegan Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Sarah Griffith
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Gentry K Cork
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Amy Qiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jeffrey Thompson
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Chad Slawson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Arneth B. Insulin gene mutations and posttranslational and translocation defects: associations with diabetes. Endocrine 2020; 70:488-497. [PMID: 32656694 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02413-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of diabetes is complex and poorly understood. Recent investigations have revealed that insulin gene mutations can lead to the development of specific subtypes of diabetes. This systematic review aimed to explore the associations of insulin gene mutations and insulin translocation defects with diabetes. This review was generated using articles from PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Search terms and phrases such as "diabetes," "mutations," "insulin," "preproinsulin," "INS gene," "role," "VNTR polymorphisms," and "INS promotor" were used to identify articles relevant to the research topic. The gathered data showed the significant role of insulin gene mutations and insulin translocation defects during diabetes development and progression. Genetic changes can adversely affect the development of various types of diabetes, such as neonatal diabetes mellitus and MIDY. Genetic alterations can affect insulin production, thus compromising the regulation of glucose utilization by tissues. Targeting insulin gene mutations is a potential new avenue for diagnosing and managing diabetes. There are specific subcategories of diabetes, such as MIDY and neonatal diabetes mellitus, caused by insulin gene mutations and defects in posttranslational modification. Further investigations are needed to examine the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of mutation-based biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borros Arneth
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Feulgenstr 12, 35332, Giessen, Germany.
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40
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Sánchez-Sarasúa S, Ribes-Navarro A, Beltrán-Bretones MT, Sánchez-Pérez AM. AAV delivery of shRNA against IRS1 in GABAergic neurons in rat hippocampus impairs spatial memory in females and male rats. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 226:163-178. [PMID: 33245394 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Brain insulin resistance is a major factor leading to impaired cognitive function and it is considered as the onset of Alzheimer´s disease. Insulin resistance is intimately linked to inflammatory conditions, many studies have revealed how pro-inflammatory cytokines lead to insulin resistance, by inhibiting IRS1 function. Thus, the dysfunction of insulin signaling is concomitant with inflammatory biomarkers. However, the specific effect of IRS1 impaired function in otherwise healthy brain has not been dissected out. So, we decided in our study, to study the specific role of IRS1 in the hippocampus, in the absence of comorbidities. To that end, shRNA against rat and human IRS1 was designed and tested in cultured HEK cells to evaluate mRNA levels and specificity. The best candidate sequence was encapsulated in an AAV vector (strain DJ8) under the control of the cytomegalovirus promoter and together with the green fluorescent protein gene as a reporter. AAV-CMV-shIRS1-EGFP and control AAV-CMV-EGFP were inoculated into the dorsal hippocampus of female and male Wistar rats. One month later, animals undertook a battery of behavioral paradigms evaluating spatial and social memory and anxiety. Our results suggest that females displayed increased susceptibility to AAV-shIRS1 in the novel recognition object paradigm; whereas both females and males show impaired performance in the T maze when infected with AAV-shIRS1 compared to control. Anxiety parameters were not affected by AAV-shIRS1 infection. We observed specific fluorescence within the hilum of the dentate gyrus, in immuno-characterized parvalbumin and somatostatin neurons. AAV DJ8 did not enter astrocytes. Intense green fibers were found in the fornix, mammillary bodies, and in the medial septum indicating that hippocampal efferent had been efficiently targeted by the AAV DJ8 infection. We observed that AAV-shIRS1 reduced significantly synaptophysin labeling in hippocampal-septal projections compared to controls. These results support that, small alterations in the insulin/IGF1 pathway in specific hippocampal circuitries can underlie alterations in synaptic plasticity and affect behavior, in the absence of inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Ribes-Navarro
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain.,Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
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41
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Xu Y, Sheng X, Zhao T, Zhang L, Ruan Y, Lu H. O-GlcNAcylation of MEK2 promotes the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. Glycobiology 2020; 31:571-581. [PMID: 33226073 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases are an important part of evolutionary conserved signaling modules that are involved in a variety of cellular processes in response to environmental stimuli. Among them, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 (MEK2) is the most crucial upstream signaling pathway of ERK1/2 cascade as a therapeutic target for overcoming Ras-driven cancers. However, the mechanisms of MEK2 regulation during tumor progression remain not fully elucidated. Herein, we identified that MEK2 was post-translationally regulated by O-GlcNAcylation. We found that MEK2 associated with OGT and was modified by O-GlcNAc. Mass spectrometry analysis further verified that O-GlcNAcylation of MEK2 occurred at Thr13, which was in the docking domain for specifically identifying its target proteins. While total O-GlcNAcylation stimulated the protein stability and phosphorylation of MEK2, Thr13 O-GlcNAcylation of MEK2 specifically enhanced its Thr394 phosphorylation as well as downstream ERK1/2 activation. Genetic ablation of MEK2 O-GlcNAcylation at Thr13 abrogated its ability to promote the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. Together, our data demonstrate that O-GlcNAcylation of MEK2 might be a key regulatory mechanism during tumorigenesis and is a potential therapeutic target for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Xu
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiangying Sheng
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ruan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haojie Lu
- Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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42
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Tian JL, Gomeshtapeh FI. Potential Roles of O-GlcNAcylation in Primary Cilia- Mediated Energy Metabolism. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111504. [PMID: 33139642 PMCID: PMC7693894 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium, an antenna-like structure on most eukaryotic cells, functions in transducing extracellular signals into intracellular responses via the receptors and ion channels distributed along it membrane. Dysfunction of this organelle causes an array of human diseases, known as ciliopathies, that often feature obesity and diabetes; this indicates the primary cilia's active role in energy metabolism, which it controls mainly through hypothalamic neurons, preadipocytes, and pancreatic β-cells. The nutrient sensor, O-GlcNAc, is widely involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Not only does O-GlcNAc regulate ciliary length, but it also modifies many components of cilia-mediated metabolic signaling pathways. Therefore, it is likely that O-GlcNAcylation (OGN) plays an important role in regulating energy homeostasis in primary cilia. Abnormal OGN, as seen in cases of obesity and diabetes, may play an important role in primary cilia dysfunction mediated by these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie L. Tian
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-706-583-5551
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43
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Xiao J, Zhang B, Su Z, Liu Y, Shelite TR, Chang Q, Wang P, Bukreyev A, Soong L, Jin Y, Ksiazek T, Gaitas A, Rossi SL, Zhou J, Laposata M, Saito TB, Gong B. EPAC regulates von Willebrand factor secretion from endothelial cells in a PI3K/eNOS-dependent manner during inflammation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2020. [PMID: 32908983 DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.04.282806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Coagulopathy is associated with both inflammation and infection, including infection with the novel SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Endothelial cells (ECs) fine tune hemostasis via cAMP-mediated secretion of von Willebrand factor (vWF), which promote the process of clot formation. The e xchange p rotein directly a ctivated by c AMP (EPAC) is a ubiquitously expressed intracellular cAMP receptor that plays a key role in stabilizing ECs and suppressing inflammation. To assess whether EPAC could regulate vWF release during inflammation, we utilized our EPAC1 -null mouse model and revealed an increased secretion of vWF in endotoxemic mice in the absence of the EPAC1 gene. Pharmacological inhibition of EPAC1 in vitro mimicked the EPAC1 -/- phenotype. EPAC1 regulated TNFα-triggered vWF secretion from human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-dependent manner. Furthermore, EPAC1 activation reduced inflammation-triggered vWF release, both in vivo and in vitro . Our data delineate a novel regulatory role of EPAC1 in vWF secretion and shed light on potential development of new strategies to controlling thrombosis during inflammation. Key Point PI3K/eNOS pathway-mediated, inflammation-triggered vWF secretion is the target of the pharmacological manipulation of the cAMP-EPAC system.
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44
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Tan ZW, Fei G, Paulo JA, Bellaousov S, Martin SES, Duveau DY, Thomas CJ, Gygi SP, Boutz PL, Walker S. O-GlcNAc regulates gene expression by controlling detained intron splicing. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:5656-5669. [PMID: 32329777 PMCID: PMC7261177 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Intron detention in precursor RNAs serves to regulate expression of a substantial fraction of genes in eukaryotic genomes. How detained intron (DI) splicing is controlled is poorly understood. Here, we show that a ubiquitous post-translational modification called O-GlcNAc, which is thought to integrate signaling pathways as nutrient conditions fluctuate, controls detained intron splicing. Using specific inhibitors of the enzyme that installs O-GlcNAc (O-GlcNAc transferase, or OGT) and the enzyme that removes O-GlcNAc (O-GlcNAcase, or OGA), we first show that O-GlcNAc regulates splicing of the highly conserved detained introns in OGT and OGA to control mRNA abundance in order to buffer O-GlcNAc changes. We show that OGT and OGA represent two distinct paradigms for how DI splicing can control gene expression. We also show that when DI splicing of the O-GlcNAc-cycling genes fails to restore O-GlcNAc homeostasis, there is a global change in detained intron levels. Strikingly, almost all detained introns are spliced more efficiently when O-GlcNAc levels are low, yet other alternative splicing pathways change minimally. Our results demonstrate that O-GlcNAc controls detained intron splicing to tune system-wide gene expression, providing a means to couple nutrient conditions to the cell's transcriptional regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Tan
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - George Fei
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stanislav Bellaousov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Sara E S Martin
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Damien Y Duveau
- National Institutes of Health Chemical Genomics Center, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Craig J Thomas
- National Institutes of Health Chemical Genomics Center, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paul L Boutz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.,Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.,Center for Biomedical Informatics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.,Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Suzanne Walker
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Chatham JC, Zhang J, Wende AR. Role of O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine Protein Modification in Cellular (Patho)Physiology. Physiol Rev 2020; 101:427-493. [PMID: 32730113 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00043.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mid-1980s, the identification of serine and threonine residues on nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins modified by a N-acetylglucosamine moiety (O-GlcNAc) via an O-linkage overturned the widely held assumption that glycosylation only occurred in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and secretory pathways. In contrast to traditional glycosylation, the O-GlcNAc modification does not lead to complex, branched glycan structures and is rapidly cycled on and off proteins by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), respectively. Since its discovery, O-GlcNAcylation has been shown to contribute to numerous cellular functions, including signaling, protein localization and stability, transcription, chromatin remodeling, mitochondrial function, and cell survival. Dysregulation in O-GlcNAc cycling has been implicated in the progression of a wide range of diseases, such as diabetes, diabetic complications, cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review will outline our current understanding of the processes involved in regulating O-GlcNAc turnover, the role of O-GlcNAcylation in regulating cellular physiology, and how dysregulation in O-GlcNAc cycling contributes to pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Chatham
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Adam R Wende
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; and Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
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Abstract
The skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the body, by mass. It is also the regulator of glucose homeostasis, responsible for 80% of postprandial glucose uptake from the circulation. Skeletal muscle is essential for metabolism, both for its role in glucose uptake and its importance in exercise and metabolic disease. In this article, we give an overview of the importance of skeletal muscle in metabolism, describing its role in glucose uptake and the diseases that are associated with skeletal muscle metabolic dysregulation. We focus on the role of skeletal muscle in peripheral insulin resistance and the potential for skeletal muscle-targeted therapeutics to combat insulin resistance and diabetes, as well as other metabolic diseases like aging and obesity. In particular, we outline the possibilities and pitfalls of the quest for exercise mimetics, which are intended to target the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolic disease. We also provide a description of the molecular mechanisms that regulate skeletal muscle glucose uptake, including a focus on the SNARE proteins, which are essential regulators of glucose transport into the skeletal muscle. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:785-809, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla E. Merz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, California, USA
- The Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Debbie C. Thurmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, California, USA
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ZNF322A-mediated protein phosphorylation induces autophagosome formation through modulation of IRS1-AKT glucose uptake and HSP-elicited UPR in lung cancer. J Biomed Sci 2020; 27:75. [PMID: 32576196 PMCID: PMC7310457 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-020-00668-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background ZNF322A is an oncogenic transcription factor that belongs to the Cys2His2-type zinc-finger protein family. Accumulating evidence suggests that ZNF322A may contribute to the tumorigenesis of lung cancer, however, the ZNF322A-mediated downstream signaling pathways remain unknown. Methods To uncover ZNF322A-mediated functional network, we applied phosphopeptide enrichment and isobaric labeling strategies with mass spectrometry-based proteomics using A549 lung cancer cells, and analyzed the differentially expressed proteins of phosphoproteomic and proteomic profiles to determine ZNF322A-modulated pathways. Results ZNF322A highlighted a previously unidentified insulin signaling, heat stress, and signal attenuation at the post-translational level. Consistently, protein-phosphoprotein-kinase interaction network analysis revealed phosphorylation of IRS1 and HSP27 were altered upon ZNF322A-silenced lung cancer cells. Thus, we further investigated the molecular regulation of ZNF322A, and found the inhibitory transcriptional regulation of ZNF322A on PIM3, which was able to phosphorylate IRS1 at serine1101 in order to manipulate glucose uptake via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, ZNF322A also affects the unfolded protein response by phosphorylation of HSP27S82 and eIF2aS51, and triggers autophagosome formation in lung cancer cells. Conclusions These findings not only give new information about the molecular regulation of the cellular proteins through ZNF322A at the post-translational level, but also provides a resource for the study of lung cancer therapy.
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Liu Y, Smith CE, Parnell LD, Lee YC, An P, Straka RJ, Tiwari HK, Wood AC, Kabagambe EK, Hidalgo B, Hopkins PN, Province MA, Arnett DK, Tucker KL, Ordovas JM, Lai CQ. Salivary AMY1 Copy Number Variation Modifies Age-Related Type 2 Diabetes Risk. Clin Chem 2020; 66:718-726. [PMID: 32337541 PMCID: PMC7192522 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copy number variation (CNV) in the salivary amylase gene (AMY1) modulates salivary α-amylase levels and is associated with postprandial glycemic traits. Whether AMY1-CNV plays a role in age-mediated change in insulin resistance (IR) is uncertain. METHODS We measured AMY1-CNV using duplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in two studies, the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS, n = 749) and the Genetics of Lipid-Lowering Drug and Diet Network study (GOLDN, n = 980), and plasma metabolomic profiles in the BPRHS. We examined the interaction between AMY1-CNV and age by assessing the relationship between age with glycemic traits and type 2 diabetes (T2D) according to high or low copy numbers of the AMY1 gene. Furthermore, we investigated associations between metabolites and interacting effects of AMY1-CNV and age on T2D risk. RESULTS We found positive associations of IR with age among subjects with low AMY1-copy-numbers in both studies. T2D was marginally correlated with age in participants with low AMY1-copy-numbers but not with high AMY1-copy-numbers in the BPRHS. Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis identified the pentose metabolic pathway based on metabolites that were associated with both IR and the interactions between AMY1-CNV and age. Moreover, in older participants, high AMY1-copy-numbers tended to be associated with lower levels of ribonic acid, erythronic acid, and arabinonic acid, all of which were positively associated with IR. CONCLUSIONS We found evidence supporting a role of AMY1-CNV in modifying the relationship between age and IR. Individuals with low AMY1-copy-numbers tend to have increased IR with advancing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Liu
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caren E Smith
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Laurence D Parnell
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Yu-Chi Lee
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
| | - Ping An
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Robert J Straka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Hemant K Tiwari
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Bertha Hidalgo
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Paul N Hopkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Michael A Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Donna K Arnett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA
| | - Jose M Ordovas
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
- IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Chao-Qiang Lai
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA
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Alhowail AH, Alfawzan GS, Aldubayan MA, S. Alsalam L. Effect of Acute Chemotherapy on Glucose Levels in Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2020. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2020.276.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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50
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Abstract
O-Linked N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a protein modification found on thousands of nuclear, cytosolic, and mitochondrial proteins. Many O-GlcNAc sites occur in proximity to protein sites that are likewise modified by phosphorylation. While several studies have uncovered crosstalk between these two signaling modifications on individual proteins and pathways, an understanding of the role of O-GlcNAc in regulating kinases, the enzymes that install the phosphate modification, is still emerging. Here we review recent methods to profile the O-GlcNAc modification on a global scale that have revealed more than 100 kinases are modified by O-GlcNAc and highlight existing studies about regulation of these kinases by O-GlcNAc. Continuing efforts to profile the O-GlcNAc proteome and understand the role of O-GlcNAc on kinases will reveal new mechanisms of regulation and potential avenues for manipulation of the signaling mechanisms at the intersection of O-GlcNAc and phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Schwein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Christina M. Woo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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