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Russo C, Valle MS, D’Angeli F, Surdo S, Giunta S, Barbera AC, Malaguarnera L. Beneficial Effects of Manilkara zapota-Derived Bioactive Compounds in the Epigenetic Program of Neurodevelopment. Nutrients 2024; 16:2225. [PMID: 39064669 PMCID: PMC11280255 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gestational diet has a long-dated effect not only on the disease risk in offspring but also on the occurrence of future neurological diseases. During ontogeny, changes in the epigenetic state that shape morphological and functional differentiation of several brain areas can affect embryonic fetal development. Many epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs control brain gene expression, both in the course of neurodevelopment and in adult brain cognitive functions. Epigenetic alterations have been linked to neuro-evolutionary disorders with intellectual disability, plasticity, and memory and synaptic learning disorders. Epigenetic processes act specifically, affecting different regions based on the accessibility of chromatin and cell-specific states, facilitating the establishment of lost balance. Recent insights have underscored the interplay between epigenetic enzymes active during embryonic development and the presence of bioactive compounds, such as vitamins and polyphenols. The fruit of Manilkara zapota contains a rich array of these bioactive compounds, which are renowned for their beneficial properties for health. In this review, we delve into the action of each bioactive micronutrient found in Manilkara zapota, elucidating their roles in those epigenetic mechanisms crucial for neuronal development and programming. Through a comprehensive understanding of these interactions, we aim to shed light on potential avenues for harnessing dietary interventions to promote optimal neurodevelopment and mitigate the risk of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Russo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (C.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Maria Stella Valle
- Section of Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Floriana D’Angeli
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sofia Surdo
- Italian Center for the Study of Osteopathy (CSDOI), 95124 Catania, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Giunta
- Section of Anatomy, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Antonio Carlo Barbera
- Section of Agronomy and Field Crops, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Lucia Malaguarnera
- Section of Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (C.R.); (L.M.)
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2
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Patil R, Telang G, Aswar U, Vyas N. Comparative analyses of anti-inflammatory effects of Resveratrol, Pterostilbene and Curcumin: in-silico and in-vitro evidences. In Silico Pharmacol 2024; 12:38. [PMID: 38706886 PMCID: PMC11065812 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-024-00211-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an adaptive response that involves activation, and recruitment of cells of innate and adaptive immune cells for restoring homeostasis. To safeguard the host from the threat of inflammatory agents, microbial invasion, or damage, the immune system activates the transcription factor NF-κB and produces cytokines such as TNF-α, IL- 6, IL-1β, and α. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) controls the increased amounts of proinflammatory cytokines, which in turn controls inflammation. Three phytoconstituents resveratrol (RES), pterostilbene (PTE), and curcumin (CUR) which are SIRT1- activators and that have marked anti-inflammatory effects (in-vivo), were chosen for the current study. These compounds were compared for their anti-inflammatory potential by in-silico docking studies for IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, and SIRT1 and in-vitro THP-1 cell line studies for IL-6, TNF-α. PTE was found to be more effective than RES and CUR in lowering the concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α in THP-1 cell line studies, and it also showed a favorable docking profile with cytokines and SIRT1. Thus, PTE appears to be a better choice for further research and development as a drug or functional food supplement with the ability to reduce inflammation in metabolic disorders. Graphical abstract Schematic representation of in-silico and in-vitro analysis of Resveratrol, Pterostilbene, and Curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Patil
- Department of Pharmacology Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Paud Road, Erandwane, Pune, Maharashtra 411038 India
| | - Gaurang Telang
- Logical Life Science Pvt. Ltd, Vadgaon Khurd, Pune, Maharashtra 411041 India
| | - Urmila Aswar
- Department of Pharmacology Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Paud Road, Erandwane, Pune, Maharashtra 411038 India
| | - Nishant Vyas
- Logical Life Science Pvt. Ltd, Vadgaon Khurd, Pune, Maharashtra 411041 India
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3
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Lu H. Inflammatory liver diseases and susceptibility to sepsis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024; 138:435-487. [PMID: 38571396 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory liver diseases, particularly alcohol-associated liver disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), have higher incidence of infections and mortality rate due to sepsis. The current focus in the development of drugs for MAFLD is the resolution of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and prevention of progression to cirrhosis. In patients with cirrhosis or alcoholic hepatitis, sepsis is a major cause of death. As the metabolic center and a key immune tissue, liver is the guardian, modifier, and target of sepsis. Septic patients with liver dysfunction have the highest mortality rate compared with other organ dysfunctions. In addition to maintaining metabolic homeostasis, the liver produces and secretes hepatokines and acute phase proteins (APPs) essential in tissue protection, immunomodulation, and coagulation. Inflammatory liver diseases cause profound metabolic disorder and impairment of energy metabolism, liver regeneration, and production/secretion of APPs and hepatokines. Herein, the author reviews the roles of (1) disorders in the metabolism of glucose, fatty acids, ketone bodies, and amino acids as well as the clearance of ammonia and lactate in the pathogenesis of inflammatory liver diseases and sepsis; (2) cytokines/chemokines in inflammatory liver diseases and sepsis; (3) APPs and hepatokines in the protection against tissue injury and infections; and (4) major nuclear receptors/signaling pathways underlying the metabolic disorders and tissue injuries as well as the major drug targets for inflammatory liver diseases and sepsis. Approaches that focus on the liver dysfunction and regeneration will not only treat inflammatory liver diseases but also prevent the development of severe infections and sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, U.S.A
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4
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Chang N, Li J, Lin S, Zhang J, Zeng W, Ma G, Wang Y. Emerging roles of SIRT1 activator, SRT2104, in disease treatment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5521. [PMID: 38448466 PMCID: PMC10917792 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55923-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a NAD+-dependent class III deacetylase that plays important roles in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, positioning it as a prime candidate for therapeutic intervention. Among its modulators, SRT2104 emerges as the most specific small molecule activator of SIRT1, currently advancing into the clinical translation phase. The primary objective of this review is to evaluate the emerging roles of SRT2104, and to explore its potential as a therapeutic agent in various diseases. In the present review, we systematically summarized the findings from an extensive array of literature sources including the progress of its application in disease treatment and its potential molecular mechanisms by reviewing the literature published in databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. We focuses on the strides made in employing SRT2104 for disease treatment, elucidating its potential molecular underpinnings based on preclinical and clinical research data. The findings reveal that SRT2104, as a potent SIRT1 activator, holds considerable therapeutic potential, particularly in modulating metabolic and longevity-related pathways. This review establishes SRT2104 as a leading SIRT1 activator with significant therapeutic promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Chang
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Junyang Li
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Sufen Lin
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Weiqiang Zeng
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.
| | - Guoda Ma
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.
| | - Yajun Wang
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.
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5
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Begum F, Manandhar S, Kumar G, Keni R, Sankhe R, Gurram PC, Beegum F, Teja MS, Nandakumar K, Shenoy RR. Dehydrozingerone promotes healing of diabetic foot ulcers: a molecular insight. J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:673-688. [PMID: 36280629 PMCID: PMC10409929 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-022-00703-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One of the most common problems of diabetes are diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). According to National Institute for Health, initial management of DFUs can decrease the complication of limb amputations and can improve the patient's quality of life. DFU treatment can be optimized with the help of multidisciplinary approach. Based on many studies, control of glucose levels in blood, antioxidant activity, reduction in cytokine levels, re-epithelialization, collagen formation, migration of fibroblasts are major phases involved in managing DFU. Dehydrozingerone (DHZ), has been known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and wound healing properties. METHODOLOGY Three months high-fat diet and low dose of streptozotocin-induced type-II diabetic foot ulcer model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of dehydrozingerone. DHZ was given orally to rats for 15 days post wounding. TNF-α, IL-1β and antioxidant parameters like lipid peroxidation, glutathione reductase were estimated. Immunoblotting was done to investigate the effect of DHZ on the expression of ERK, JNK, HSP-27, P38, SIRT-1, NFκB, SMA, VEGF and MMP-9 in skin tissue. Histopathology was performed for analyzing DHZ effect on migration of fibroblasts, formation of epithelium, granulation tissue formation, angiogenesis and collagen formation. RESULTS DHZ decreased the levels of malondialdehyde, TNF-α, IL-1β and increased glutathione levels in wound tissue. Western blotting results suggested that DHZ activated ERK1/2/JNK/p38 signaling, increased expression of HSP-27, SIRT-1, VEGF, SMA thus facilitating the migration and proliferation of fibroblasts, angiogenesis and decreased inflammation. Masson Trichrome & histopathology showed an increase in collagen, epithelial and granulation tissue formation. CONCLUSION DHZ significantly accelerates the healing of diabetic foot ulcers in high fat diet fed plus low dose streptozotocin induced type-II diabetic Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farmiza Begum
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Suman Manandhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Raghuvir Keni
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Runali Sankhe
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Prasada Chowdari Gurram
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Fathima Beegum
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Meka Sai Teja
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Krishnadas Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Rekha R Shenoy
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Grabowska AD, Wątroba M, Witkowska J, Mikulska A, Sepúlveda N, Szukiewicz D. Interplay between Systemic Glycemia and Neuroprotective Activity of Resveratrol in Modulating Astrocyte SIRT1 Response to Neuroinflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11640. [PMID: 37511397 PMCID: PMC10380505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The flow of substances between the blood and the central nervous system is precisely regulated by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Its disruption due to unbalanced blood glucose levels (hyper- and hypoglycemia) occurring in metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, can lead to neuroinflammation, and increase the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases. One of the most studied natural anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective compounds is resveratrol (RSV). It activates sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a key metabolism regulator dependent on cell energy status. The aim of this study was to assess the astrocyte SIRT1 response to neuroinflammation and subsequent RSV treatment, depending on systemic glycemia. For this purpose, we used an optimized in vitro model of the BBB consisting of endothelial cells and astrocytes, representing microvascular and brain compartments (MC and BC), in different glycemic backgrounds. Astrocyte-secreted SIRT1 reached the highest concentration in hypo-, the lowest in normo-, and the lowest in hyperglycemic backgrounds. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation caused a substantial decrease in SIRT1 in all glycemic backgrounds, as observed earliest in hyperglycemia. RSV partially counterbalanced the effect of LPS on SIRT1 secretion, most remarkably in normoglycemia. Our results suggest that abnormal glycemic states have a worse prognosis for RSV-therapy effectiveness compared to normoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna D. Grabowska
- Laboratory of the Blood-Brain Barrier, Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.); (A.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Mateusz Wątroba
- Laboratory of the Blood-Brain Barrier, Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.); (A.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Joanna Witkowska
- Laboratory of the Blood-Brain Barrier, Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.); (A.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Mikulska
- Laboratory of the Blood-Brain Barrier, Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.); (A.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Nuno Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
- CEAUL—Centro de Estatística e Aplicações da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Dariusz Szukiewicz
- Laboratory of the Blood-Brain Barrier, Department of Biophysics, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.); (A.M.); (D.S.)
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Steinberg RL, Johnson BA, Sorkin I, Garbens A, Zhang Z, Haimovich B, Cadeddu J, Olweny EO. Toll-Like Receptor 4 Induction During Renal Ischemia Correlates with Serum Creatinine in a Pig Model. J Endourol 2023; 37:828-833. [PMID: 37221836 DOI: 10.1089/end.2023.0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To determine whether toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a mediator of organ ischemia-reperfusion injury, is overexpressed during warm ischemia in a porcine solitary kidney model, and whether its expression correlates with creatinine, a surrogate for kidney function. Materials and Methods: Eight adult Yorkshire pigs underwent initial laparoscopic nephrectomy. After 1 week, animals were randomized into two groups: group 1 underwent laparoscopic renal hilar dissection, renal ischemia by cross-clamping, and reperfusion (ischemia group); group 2 underwent laparoscopic renal hilar dissection alone (sham group). Animals were survived to day 7 postrandomization. Peripheral blood was sampled for serum creatinine (sCr) and TLR4 expression at the following time points or corresponding intervals: prenephrectomy, 1-week postnephrectomy (preischemia), after 90 minutes of ischemia, 30 minutes postreperfusion, and at sacrifice. Intragroup TLR4 expression changes were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Intergroup TLR4 expression was compared using Mann-Whitney's test. Correlation between sCr and TLR4 was assessed using Spearman's test. Results: Seven animals completed the experiment (four ischemia and three sham). Relative TLR4 expression significantly increased from baseline levels during ischemia, reperfusion, and sacrifice time points only in the ischemia group, and was significantly higher for the ischemia group after 90 minutes of ischemia (p = 0.034). sCr was significantly higher for the ischemia group during the reperfusion phase (p = 0.048). Relative TLR4 expression level significantly correlated with sCr in the overall cohort (Spearman's rho = 0.69) and in the ischemia group (Spearman's rho = 0.82; p < 0.0001 for each). Conclusions: Warm ischemia in a porcine solitary kidney induces acute overexpression of TLR4 in peripheral blood leukocytes, which is detectable. Relative TLR4 expression level strongly correlated with sCr but had an observable change sooner than change in sCr. Pending further investigation, TLR4 overexpression during renal ischemia may represent a sensitive quantitative marker of unilateral renal injury sustained during nephron-sparing surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L Steinberg
- Department of Urology, University of Iowa Healthcare, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Brett A Johnson
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Igor Sorkin
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Alaina Garbens
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical Center, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Beatrice Haimovich
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical Center, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jeffrey Cadeddu
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ephrem O Olweny
- Department of Urology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Xie K, Yang Q, Yan Z, Gao X, Huang X, Wang P, Li J, Li J, Wang Z, Gao Y, Gun S. Overexpression of SIRT1 alleviates oxidative damage and barrier dysfunction in CPB2 toxin-infected IPEC-J2 cells. Microb Pathog 2023:106181. [PMID: 37276895 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) beta2 (CPB2) toxin may induce necrotizing enteritis (NE) in pigs. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) is involved in inflammatory intestinal diseases and affects intestinal barrier function. However, the effects of SIRT1 on piglet intestinal disease caused by CPB2 toxin are unclear. This study revealed the role of pig SIRT1 in CPB2 toxin-exposed intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). Herein, we manifested that SIRT1 was dramatically decreased in IPEC-J2 cells infected with CPB2 toxin. Subsequently, we silenced and overexpressed SIRT1 using siRNA and a overexpression vector in CPB2 toxin-treated IPEC-J2 cells. The results indicated that overexpression of SIRT1 suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) generates, the expression tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and Bax, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB p65), phospho (p)-NF-kB p65 and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and apoptosis in CPB2 toxin-treated IPEC-J2 cells, and increased IL-10, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), Bcl-2, Claudin1 and Occludin levels and cell viability. These results indicated that SIRT1 protects IPEC-J2 cells against CPB2 toxin-induced oxidative damage and tight junction (TJ) disruption, which provides a theoretical basis for further study of the molecular regulatory mechanism of SIRT1 in C. perfringens-infected NE in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihui Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Qiaoli Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zunqiang Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jiyou Li
- Gansu General Station of Animal Husbandry Technology Extension, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zike Wang
- Gansu General Station of Animal Husbandry Technology Extension, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Jilin Rongtai Agricultural Development Co, Ltd, Changchun, Jilin, 130507, China
| | - Shuangbao Gun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China; Gansu Research Center for Swine Production Engineering and Technology, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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9
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Liu X, Yang B, Tan YF, Feng JG, Jia J, Yang CJ, Chen Y, Wang MH, Zhou J. The role of AMPK-Sirt1-autophagy pathway in the intestinal protection process by propofol against regional ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109114. [PMID: 35933747 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R) is a clinical event associated with high morbidity and mortality. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a central cellular energy sensor, is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. However, whether the AMPK is involved in the II/R-induced intestinal injury and the underlying mechanism is yet to be elucidated. Propofol has a protective effect on organs; yet, its specific mechanism of action remains unclear. This study explored the role of the AMPK-Sirt1-autophagy pathway in intestinal injury, and whether propofol could reduce intestinal injury and investigated the mechanisms in a rat model of II/R injury as well as a cell model (IEC-6 cells) of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Propofol, AMPK agonist (AICAR) and AMPK inhibitor (Compound C) were then administered, respectively. The histopathological changes, cell viability and apoptosis were detected. Furthermore, the levels of proinflammatory factors, the activities of oxidative stress, diamine oxidase, and signaling pathway were also analyzed. The results demonstrated that the AMPK-Sirt1-autophagy pathway of intestine was activated after II/R or H/R. Propofol could further activate the pathway, which reduced intestinal injury, inhibited apoptosis, reversed inflammation and oxidative stress, and improved the 24-hour survival rate in II/R rats in vivo, and attenuated H/R-induced IEC-6 cell injury, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in vitro, as fine as changes in AICAR treatment. Compound C abrogated the protective effect of propofol on II/R and H/R-induced injury. These results suggested a crucial effect of AMPK on the mechanism of intestinal injury and might provide a new insight into the mechanism of propofol reducing II/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China; Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China; Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Ya-Fang Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China; Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China; Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China; Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Cheng-Jie Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China; Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China; Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Mao-Hua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China; Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China; Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China.
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10
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Yang Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Chao Y, Zhang J, Jia Y, Tie J, Hu D. Regulation of SIRT1 and Its Roles in Inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:831168. [PMID: 35359990 PMCID: PMC8962665 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.831168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) protein, a highly conserved NAD+-dependent deacetylase belonging to the sirtuin family, is a post-translational regulator that plays a role in modulating inflammation. SIRT1 affects multiple biological processes by deacetylating a variety of proteins including histones and non-histone proteins. Recent studies have revealed intimate links between SIRT1 and inflammation, while alterations to SIRT1 expression and activity have been linked to inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms that regulate SIRT1 expression, including upstream activators and suppressors that operate on the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. We also summarize factors that influence SIRT1 activity including the NAD+/NADH ratio, SIRT1 binding partners, and post-translational modifications. Furthermore, we underscore the role of SIRT1 in the development of inflammation by commenting on the proteins that are targeted for deacetylation by SIRT1. Finally, we highlight the potential for SIRT1-based therapeutics for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yunwei Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yongyi Chao
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jinxin Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanhui Jia
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jun Tie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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11
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Nishigaki A, Tsubokura H, Tsuzuki-Nakao T, Okada H. Hypoxia: Role of SIRT1 and the protective effect of resveratrol in ovarian function. Reprod Med Biol 2021; 21:e12428. [PMID: 34934403 PMCID: PMC8656197 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian function is closely related to the degree of vascular network development surrounding the ovary. Maternal aging‐related construction defects in this vascular network can cause ovarian hypoxia, which impedes oocyte nutrient supply, leading to physiological changes in the ovaries and oocytes. The anti‐aging gene Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) senses and adapts to ambient stress and is associated with hypoxic environments and mitochondrial biogenesis. Methods The present study is a literature review focusing on investigations involving the changes in SIRT1 and mitochondrial expression during hypoxia and the cytoprotective effects of the SIRT1 activator, resveratrol. Main findings Hypoxia suppresses SIRT1 and mitochondrial expression. Resveratrol can reverse the hypoxia‐induced decrease in mitochondrial and SIRT1 activity. Resveratrol suppresses the production of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α and vascular endothelial growth factor proteins. Conclusion Resveratrol exhibits protective activity against hypoxic stress and may prevent hypoxia‐ or aging‐related mitochondrial dysfunction. Resveratrol treatment may be a potential option for infertility therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Nishigaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kansai Medical University Osaka Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tsubokura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kansai Medical University Osaka Japan
| | | | - Hidetaka Okada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kansai Medical University Osaka Japan
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12
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Chen Y, Jiang Y, Yang Y, Huang X, Sun C. SIRT1 Protects Dopaminergic Neurons in Parkinson's Disease Models via PGC-1α-Mediated Mitochondrial Biogenesis. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1393-1404. [PMID: 34251648 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
SIRT1 is a deacetylase with multiple physiological functions by targeting histones and non-histone proteins. It has been shown that SIRT1 activation is involved in neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease (PD) models. In the present study, we provided direct evidences showing the neuroprotective roles of SIRT1 in dopaminergic neurons. Our data showed that increased expression of SIRT1 plays beneficial roles against MPP+ insults in SH-SY5Y cells and primary dopaminergic neurons, including increased cell viability, reduced LDH release, improved the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and attenuated cell apoptosis. On the contrary, knockdown of SIRT1 further aggravated cell injuries induced by MPP+. Moreover, mutated SIRT1 without deacetylase activity (SIRT1 H363Y) failed to protect dopaminergic neurons from MPP+ injuries. Mechanistically, SIRT1 improved PGC-1α expression and mitochondrial biogenesis. Knockdown of PGC-1α almost completely abolished the neuroprotective roles of SIRT1 in SH-SY5Y cells. Collectively, our data indicate that SIRT1 has neuroprotective roles in dopaminergic neurons, which is dependent upon PGC-1α-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis. These findings suggest that SIRT1 may hold great therapeutic potentials for treating dopaminergic neuron loss associated disorders such as PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuhui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, China
| | - Yinuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, China
| | - Xinzhong Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, China.
- Nantong Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine in Cardiothoracic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20 Xishi Road, Nantong, China.
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13
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Lio D, Scola L, Giarratana RM, Candore G, Colonna-Romano G, Caruso C, Balistreri CR. SARS CoV2 infection _The longevity study perspectives. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 67:101299. [PMID: 33607290 PMCID: PMC7885677 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Like other infectious diseases, COVID-19 shows a clinical outcome enormously variable, ranging from asymptomatic to lethal. In Italy, like in other countries, old male individuals, with one or more comorbidity, are the most susceptible group, and show, consequently, the highest mortality, and morbidity, including lethal respiratory distress syndrome, as the most common complication. In addition, another extraordinary peculiarity, that is a surprising resistance to COVID-19, characterizes some Italian nonagenarians/centenarians. Despite having the typical COVID-19 signs and/or symptoms, such exceptional individuals show a surprising tendency to recover from illness and complications. On the other hand, long-lived people have an optimal performance of immune system related to an overexpression of anti-inflammatory variants in immune/inflammatory genes, as demonstrated by our and other groups. Consequently, we suggest long-lived people as an optimal model for detecting genetic profiles associated with the susceptibility and/or protection to COVID-19, to utilize as potential pharmacological targets for preventing or reducing viral infection in more vulnerable individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Lio
- Immunosenescence Study Group, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced, Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Letizia Scola
- Immunosenescence Study Group, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced, Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Cellular/Molecular Biology and Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Giarratana
- Cellular/Molecular Biology and Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Immunosenescence Study Group, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced, Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Colonna-Romano
- Immunosenescence Study Group, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced, Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Immunosenescence Study Group, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced, Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carmela Rita Balistreri
- Immunosenescence Study Group, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced, Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Cellular/Molecular Biology and Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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14
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Li Y, Wang Y. Obstructive Sleep Apnea-hypopnea Syndrome as a Novel Potential Risk for Aging. Aging Dis 2021; 12:586-596. [PMID: 33815884 PMCID: PMC7990365 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common sleep disorder, negatively influencing individuals' quality of life and socioeconomic burden. In recent years, OSAHS has been reported in not only constituting an aging-associated disease, but also in accelerating and/or potentiating aging mechanisms. However, the negative impacts of OSAHS on aging are underestimated because of low level of public awareness about this disease and high rates of undiagnosed cases, which are more critical in developing countries or economically disadvantaged regions. Hence, reviewing previously reported observations may assist scholars to better indicate that OSAHS is likely a novel potential risk for aging. Further understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism of OSAHS and its role in procession of aging may markedly highlight the importance of this common sleep disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayong Li
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Yina Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
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15
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Brockmueller A, Sameri S, Liskova A, Zhai K, Varghese E, Samuel SM, Büsselberg D, Kubatka P, Shakibaei M. Resveratrol's Anti-Cancer Effects through the Modulation of Tumor Glucose Metabolism. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020188. [PMID: 33430318 PMCID: PMC7825813 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The prevention and treatment of cancer is an ongoing medical challenge. In the context of personalized medicine, the well-studied polyphenol resveratrol could complement classical tumor therapy. It may affect key processes such as inflammation, angiogenesis, proliferation, metastasis, glucose metabolism, and apoptosis in various cancers because resveratrol acts as a multi-targeting agent by modulating multiple signal transduction pathways. This review article focuses on resveratrol’s ability to modify tumor glucose metabolism and its associated therapeutic capacity. Resveratrol reduces glucose uptake and glycolysis by affecting Glut1, PFK1, HIF-1α, ROS, PDH, and the CamKKB/AMPK pathway. It also inhibits cell growth, invasion, and proliferation by targeting NF-kB, Sirt1, Sirt3, LDH, PI-3K, mTOR, PKM2, R5P, G6PD, TKT, talin, and PGAM. In addition, resveratrol induces apoptosis by targeting integrin, p53, LDH, and FAK. In conclusion, resveratrol has many potentials to intervene in tumor processes if bioavailability can be increased and this natural compound can be used selectively. Abstract Tumor cells develop several metabolic reprogramming strategies, such as increased glucose uptake and utilization via aerobic glycolysis and fermentation of glucose to lactate; these lead to a low pH environment in which the cancer cells thrive and evade apoptosis. These characteristics of tumor cells are known as the Warburg effect. Adaptive metabolic alterations in cancer cells can be attributed to mutations in key metabolic enzymes and transcription factors. The features of the Warburg phenotype may serve as promising markers for the early detection and treatment of tumors. Besides, the glycolytic process of tumors is reversible and could represent a therapeutic target. So-called mono-target therapies are often unsafe and ineffective, and have a high prevalence of recurrence. Their success is hindered by the ability of tumor cells to simultaneously develop multiple chemoresistance pathways. Therefore, agents that modify several cellular targets, such as energy restriction to target tumor cells specifically, have therapeutic potential. Resveratrol, a natural active polyphenol found in grapes and red wine and used in many traditional medicines, is known for its ability to target multiple components of signaling pathways in tumors, leading to the suppression of cell proliferation, activation of apoptosis, and regression in tumor growth. Here, we describe current knowledge on the various mechanisms by which resveratrol modulates glucose metabolism, its potential as an imitator of caloric restriction, and its therapeutic capacity in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranka Brockmueller
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany;
| | - Saba Sameri
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, 6517838678 Hamadan, Iran;
| | - Alena Liskova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Kevin Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Elizabeth Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (K.Z.); (E.V.); (S.M.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 11, D-80336 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-892-1807-2624; Fax: +49-892-1807-2625
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16
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Epigenetic Regulators Involved in Osteoclast Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197080. [PMID: 32992908 PMCID: PMC7583862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Age related changes to the skeleton, such as osteoporosis, increase the risk of fracture and morbidity in the elderly population. In osteoporosis, bone remodeling becomes unbalanced with an increase in bone resorption and a decrease in bone formation. Osteoclasts are large multinucleated cells that secrete acid and proteases to degrade and resorb bone. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate osteoclast differentiation and activity will provide insight as to how hyper-active osteoclasts lead to pathological bone loss, contributing to diseases such as osteoporosis. Reversible modifications to the DNA such as histone acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation and ubiquitylation alters the access of transcriptional machinery to DNA and regulates gene expression and osteoclast differentiation and activity. It is critical for the management of bone related diseases to understand the role of these chromatin modifying proteins during osteoclast differentiation, as potential therapies targeting these proteins are currently under development.
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17
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Fan L, Cacicedo JM, Ido Y. Impaired nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) metabolism in diabetes and diabetic tissues: Implications for nicotinamide-related compound treatment. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 11:1403-1419. [PMID: 32428995 PMCID: PMC7610120 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the biochemical abnormalities found in diabetic tissues is a decrease in the cytosolic oxidized to reduced forms of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ratio (NAD+/NADH also known as pseudohypoxia) caused by oxidation of excessive substrates (glucose through the polyol pathway, free fatty acids and lactate). Subsequently, a decline in NAD+ levels as a result of the activation of poly adenine nucleotide diphosphate‐ribose polymerase (mainly in type 1 diabetes) or the inhibition of adenine nucleotide monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (in type 2 diabetes). Thus, replenishment of NAD+ levels by nicotinamide‐related compounds could be beneficial. However, these compounds also increase nicotinamide catabolites that cause oxidative stress. This is particularly troublesome for patients with diabetes, because they have impaired nicotinamide salvage pathway reactions at the level of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate, which occurs by the following mechanisms. First, phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthesis from pentose phosphate pathway is compromised by a decrease in plasma thiamine and transketolase activity. Second, nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase expression is decreased because of reduced adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase activity, which occurs in type 2 diabetes. The adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase inhibition is caused by an activation of protein kinase C and D1 as a result of enhanced diacylglycerol synthesis caused by pseudohypoxia and increased fatty acids levels. In this regard, nicotinamide‐related compounds should be given with caution to treat diabetes. To minimize the risk and maximize the benefit, nicotinamide‐related compounds should be taken with insulin sensitizers (for type 2 diabetes), polyphenols, benfotiamine, acetyl‐L‐carnitine and aldose reductase inhibitors. The efficacy of these regimens can be monitored by measuring serum NAD+ and urinary nicotinamide catabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Fan
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jose M Cacicedo
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yasuo Ido
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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18
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de Gregorio E, Colell A, Morales A, Marí M. Relevance of SIRT1-NF-κB Axis as Therapeutic Target to Ameliorate Inflammation in Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3858. [PMID: 32485811 PMCID: PMC7312021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an adaptive response in pursuit of homeostasis reestablishment triggered by harmful conditions or stimuli, such as an infection or tissue damage. Liver diseases cause approximately 2 million deaths per year worldwide and hepatic inflammation is a common factor to all of them, being the main driver of hepatic tissue damage and causing progression from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and, ultimately, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The metabolic sensor SIRT1, a class III histone deacetylase with strong expression in metabolic tissues such as the liver, and transcription factor NF-κB, a master regulator of inflammatory response, show an antagonistic relationship in controlling inflammation. For this reason, SIRT1 targeting is emerging as a potential strategy to improve different metabolic and/or inflammatory pathologies. In this review, we explore diverse upstream regulators and some natural/synthetic activators of SIRT1 as possible therapeutic treatment for liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía de Gregorio
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Anna Colell
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Albert Morales
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, CIBEREHD, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Montserrat Marí
- Department of Cell Death and Proliferation, IIBB-CSIC, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
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19
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Qu B, Ma Z, Zhang Y, Gao Z, Zhang S. Characterization of a novel protein identified by proteomics analysis as a modulator of inflammatory networks in amphioxus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 96:97-106. [PMID: 31805412 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory response is an innate host defense mechanism, and its regulation is essential for the host to get rid of harm by the excessive reactions. We first utilized proteomics approach to identify amphioxus humoral fluid proteins in response to LPS-induced inflammation. A total of 26 differentially expressed proteins, mainly involved in energy metabolism and cytoskeleton rearrangement processes, were identified between LPS-treated and control animals. Furthermore, we found a single uncharacterized protein (termed BjIM1) out of the most up-regulated ones, and examined its role in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. BjIM1 is predominantly expressed in the hepatic caecum, and its promoter sequence includes many binding sites for immune-relevant transcription factors. Importantly, recombinant BjIM1 (rBjIM1) is able to inhibit LPS-induced up-regulation of TLR pathway genes, such as MyD88, IKK, NF-κB1, Rel, p38, JNK and AP-1, indicating that BjIM1 may negatively regulate the TLR signaling pathway in amphioxus. Moreover, rBjIM1 also modulates the expression of genes involved in the interaction network of inflammation, energy metabolism and cytoskeleton rearrangement, including SIRT1, Rac1 and NOX2, in the LPS-induced inflammatory response in amphioxus. Collectively, our studies suggest that BjIM1 is an uncharacterized protein functioning as a modulator of inflammatory networks in amphioxus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhen Qu
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zengyu Ma
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Shicui Zhang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266003, China.
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González-Fernández R, Martín-Ramírez R, Rotoli D, Hernández J, Naftolin F, Martín-Vasallo P, Palumbo A, Ávila J. Granulosa-Lutein Cell Sirtuin Gene Expression Profiles Differ between Normal Donors and Infertile Women. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010295. [PMID: 31906251 PMCID: PMC6981982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are a family of deacetylases that modify structural proteins, metabolic enzymes, and histones to change cellular protein localization and function. In mammals, there are seven sirtuins involved in processes like oxidative stress or metabolic homeostasis associated with aging, degeneration or cancer. We studied gene expression of sirtuins by qRT-PCR in human mural granulosa-lutein cells (hGL) from IVF patients in different infertility diagnostic groups and in oocyte donors (OD; control group). Study 1: sirtuins genes’ expression levels and correlations with age and IVF parameters in women with no ovarian factor. We found significantly higher expression levels of SIRT1, SIRT2 and SIRT5 in patients ≥40 years old than in OD and in women between 27 and 39 years old with tubal or male factor, and no ovarian factor (NOF). Only SIRT2, SIRT5 and SIRT7 expression correlated with age. Study 2: sirtuin genes’ expression in women poor responders (PR), endometriosis (EM) and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Compared to NOF controls, we found higher SIRT2 gene expression in all diagnostic groups while SIRT3, SIRT5, SIRT6 and SIRT7 expression were higher only in PR. Related to clinical parameters SIRT1, SIRT6 and SIRT7 correlate positively with FSH and LH doses administered in EM patients. The number of mature oocytes retrieved in PR is positively correlated with the expression levels of SIRT3, SIRT4 and SIRT5. These data suggest that cellular physiopathology in PR’s follicle may be associated with cumulative DNA damage, indicating that further studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca González-Fernández
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, UD de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (R.G.-F.); (R.M.-R.); (D.R.); (P.M.-V.)
| | - Rita Martín-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, UD de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (R.G.-F.); (R.M.-R.); (D.R.); (P.M.-V.)
| | - Deborah Rotoli
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, UD de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (R.G.-F.); (R.M.-R.); (D.R.); (P.M.-V.)
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), CNR-National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Jairo Hernández
- Centro de Asistencia a la Reproducción Humana de Canarias, 38202 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (J.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Frederick Naftolin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA;
| | - Pablo Martín-Vasallo
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, UD de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (R.G.-F.); (R.M.-R.); (D.R.); (P.M.-V.)
| | - Angela Palumbo
- Centro de Asistencia a la Reproducción Humana de Canarias, 38202 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (J.H.); (A.P.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA;
| | - Julio Ávila
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, UD de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (R.G.-F.); (R.M.-R.); (D.R.); (P.M.-V.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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TLR4 counteracts BVRA signaling in human leukocytes via differential regulation of AMPK, mTORC1 and mTORC2. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7020. [PMID: 31065010 PMCID: PMC6504875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43347-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
TLR4 is implicated in diseases associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, yet homeostatic signaling mechanisms that prevent and/or are affected by chronic TLR4 activation are largely uncharacterized. We recently reported that LPS/TLR4 activates in human leukocytes signaling intermediates (SI), abbreviated TLR4-SI, which include mTORC1-specific effectors and targets, and that leukocytes of patients with T2D or after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) expressed similar SI. Extending these previous findings, here we show that TLR4-SI expression post-CPB was associated with low serum bilirubin and reduced preoperative expression of biliverdin reductase A (BVRA), the enzyme that converts biliverdin to bilirubin, in patient’s leukocytes. Biliverdin inhibited TLR4 signaling in leukocytes and triggered phosphorylation of mTORC2-specific targets, including Akt, PKCζ, AMPKα-LKB1-TSC1/2, and their association with BVRA. Torin, PP242, and a PKCζ inhibitory peptide, but not rapamycin, prevented these biliverdin-induced responses and TLR4 inhibition. In contrast, LPS/TLR4 triggered decreases in BVRA, AMPKα and PKCζ expression, and an increase in haptoglobin, a heme binding protein, in leukocytes in vivo and in vitro, indicating that activated TLR4 may suppress biliverdin/BVRA signaling. Significantly, compared to non-diabetics, BVRA and PKCζ expression was low and haptoglobin was high in T2D patients leukocytes. Sustained TLR4 activation may deregulate homeostatic anti-inflammatory BVRA/mTORC2 signaling and thereby contribute to chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Chen YH, Fu YC, Wu MJ. Does Resveratrol Play a Role in Decreasing the Inflammation Associated with Contrast Induced Nephropathy in Rat Model? J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8020147. [PMID: 30691208 PMCID: PMC6406726 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8020147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Contrast is widely used in invasive image examinations such as computed tomography (CT) and angiography; however, the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is high. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of resveratrol in a rat model of CIN. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: the control group (0.9% saline infusion only); resveratrol group (RSV, resveratrol, 30 mg/kg); contrast media group (CIN); and resveratrol + contrast media group (RCIN, resveratrol 30 mg/kg 60 min before CIN). CIN was induced via an intravenous injection of a single dose of indomethacin (10 mg/kg), one dose of N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (10 mg/kg), and a single dose of contrast medium iopromide (2 g/kg). Blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were higher in the CIN group compared to the other groups. Histopathological tubule injury scores were also higher in the CIN group compared to the other groups (p < 0.01). NLPR3 in kidney tissue were higher in the CIN group compared to the other groups; however, these results were improved by resveratrol in the RCIN group compared with the CIN group. The expressions of IL-1β and the percentage of apoptotic cells were higher in the CIN group than in the control and RSV groups, but they were lower in the RCIN group than in the CIN group. The expression of cleaved caspase-3 was higher in the CIN group than in the control and RSV groups, but lower in the RCIN group than in the CIN group. Resveratrol treatment attenuated both injury processes and apoptosis and inhibited the inflammasome pathway in this rat CIN model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsin Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Department of Nephrology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 907, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Ching Fu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Ju Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
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Zhu X, Meyers A, Long D, Ingram B, Liu T, Yoza BK, Vachharajani V, McCall CE. Frontline Science: Monocytes sequentially rewire metabolism and bioenergetics during an acute inflammatory response. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:215-228. [PMID: 30633362 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3hi0918-373r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism directs the severe acute inflammatory reaction of monocytes to guard homeostasis. This occurs by sequentially activating anabolic immune effector mechanisms, switching to immune deactivation mechanisms and then restoring immunometabolic homeostasis. Nuclear sirtuin 1 and mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase metabolically drive this dynamic and are druggable targets that promote immunometabolic resolution in septic mice and increase survival. We used unbiased metabolomics and a validated monocyte culture model of activation, deactivation, and partial resolution of acute inflammation to sequentially track metabolic rewiring. Increases in glycogenolysis, hexosamine, glycolysis, and pentose phosphate pathways were aligned with anabolic activation. Activation transitioned to combined lipid, protein, amino acid, and nucleotide catabolism during deactivation, and partially subsided during early resolution. Lipid metabolic rewiring signatures aligned with deactivation included elevated n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and increased levels of fatty acid acylcarnitines. Increased methionine to homocysteine cycling increased levels of s-adenosylmethionine rate-limiting transmethylation mediator, and homocysteine and cysteine transsulfuration preceded increases in glutathione. Increased tryptophan catabolism led to elevated kynurenine and de novo biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide from quinolinic acid. Increased branched-chain amino acid catabolism paralleled increases in succinyl-CoA. A rise in the Krebs cycle cis-aconitate-derived itaconate and succinate with decreased fumarate and acetyl-CoA levels occurred concomitant with deactivation and subsided during early resolution. The data suggest that rewiring of metabolic and mitochondrial bioenergetics by monocytes sequentially activates, deactivates, and resolves acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Allison Meyers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Long
- Department of Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brian Ingram
- Metabolon, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tiefu Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Barbara K Yoza
- Department of Surgery/General Surgery and Trauma, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vidula Vachharajani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Charles E McCall
- Department of Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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van Beek AA, Van den Bossche J, Mastroberardino PG, de Winther MPJ, Leenen PJM. Metabolic Alterations in Aging Macrophages: Ingredients for Inflammaging? Trends Immunol 2019; 40:113-127. [PMID: 30626541 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a complex process with an impact on essentially all organs. Declined cellular repair causes increased damage at genomic and proteomic levels upon aging. This can lead to systemic changes in metabolism and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, resulting in low-grade inflammation, or 'inflammaging'. Tissue macrophages, gatekeepers of parenchymal homeostasis and integrity, are prime inflammatory cytokine producers, as well as initiators and regulators of inflammation. In this opinion piece, we summarize intrinsic alterations in macrophage phenotype and function with age. We propose that alternatively activated macrophages (M2-like), which are yet pro-inflammatory, can accumulate in tissues and promote inflammaging. Age-related increases in endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction might be cell-intrinsic forces driving this unusual phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriaan A van Beek
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Nieuwe Kanaal 9A, 6709 PA Wageningen, The Netherlands; Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, 6709 PG Wageningen, The Netherlands; Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pier G Mastroberardino
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Experimental Vascular Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Munich, Germany
| | - Pieter J M Leenen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Sarubbo F, Moranta D, Pani G. Dietary polyphenols and neurogenesis: Molecular interactions and implication for brain ageing and cognition. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 90:456-470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Rebelo-Marques A, De Sousa Lages A, Andrade R, Ribeiro CF, Mota-Pinto A, Carrilho F, Espregueira-Mendes J. Aging Hallmarks: The Benefits of Physical Exercise. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:258. [PMID: 29887832 PMCID: PMC5980968 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
World population has been continuously increasing and progressively aging. Aging is characterized by a complex and intraindividual process associated with nine major cellular and molecular hallmarks, namely, genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, a loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication. This review exposes the positive antiaging impact of physical exercise at the cellular level, highlighting its specific role in attenuating the aging effects of each hallmark. Exercise should be seen as a polypill, which improves the health-related quality of life and functional capabilities while mitigating physiological changes and comorbidities associated with aging. To achieve a framework of effective physical exercise interventions on aging, further research on its benefits and the most effective strategies is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Rebelo-Marques
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal
- Dom Henrique Research Centre, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adriana De Sousa Lages
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Center, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Renato Andrade
- Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal
- Dom Henrique Research Centre, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | - Francisco Carrilho
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Center, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Espregueira-Mendes
- Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal
- Dom Henrique Research Centre, Porto, Portugal
- 3B’s Research Group—Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
- Orthopaedics Department of Minho University, Minho, Portugal
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Lidzbarsky G, Gutman D, Shekhidem HA, Sharvit L, Atzmon G. Genomic Instabilities, Cellular Senescence, and Aging: In Vitro, In Vivo and Aging-Like Human Syndromes. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:104. [PMID: 29719834 PMCID: PMC5913290 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As average life span and elderly people prevalence in the western world population is gradually increasing, the incidence of age-related diseases such as cancer, heart diseases, diabetes, and dementia is increasing, bearing social and economic consequences worldwide. Understanding the molecular basis of aging-related processes can help extend the organism’s health span, i.e., the life period in which the organism is free of chronic diseases or decrease in basic body functions. During the last few decades, immense progress was made in the understanding of major components of aging and healthy aging biology, including genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic changes, proteostasis, nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and intracellular communications. This progress has been made by three spear-headed strategies: in vitro (cell and tissue culture from various sources), in vivo (includes diverse model and non-model organisms), both can be manipulated and translated to human biology, and the study of aging-like human syndromes and human populations. Herein, we will focus on current repository of genomic “senescence” stage of aging, which includes health decline, structural changes of the genome, faulty DNA damage response and DNA damage, telomere shortening, and epigenetic alterations. Although aging is a complex process, many of the “hallmarks” of aging are directly related to DNA structure and function. This review will illustrate the variety of these studies, done in in vitro, in vivo and human levels, and highlight the unique potential and contribution of each research level and eventually the link between them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle Gutman
- Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Lital Sharvit
- Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gil Atzmon
- Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Sarubbo F, Esteban S, Miralles A, Moranta D. Effects of Resveratrol and other Polyphenols on Sirt1: Relevance to Brain Function During Aging. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:126-136. [PMID: 28676015 PMCID: PMC5883375 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170703113212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Classically the oxidative stress and more recently inflammatory processes have been identified as the major causes of brain aging. Oxidative stress and inflammation affect each other, but there is more information about the effects of oxidative stress on aging than regarding the contribution of inflammation on it. METHODS In the intense research for methods to delay or mitigate the effects of aging, are interesting polyphenols, natural molecules synthesized by plants (e.g. resveratrol). Their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties make them useful molecules in the prevention of aging. RESULTS The antiaging effects of polyphenols could be due to several related mechanisms, among which are the prevention of oxidative stress, SIRT1 activation and inflammaging modulation, via regulation of some signaling pathways, such as NF-κB. CONCLUSION In this review, we describe the positive effects of polyphenols on the prevention of the changes that occur during aging in the brain and their consequences on cognition, emphasizing the possible modulation of inflammaging by polyphenols through a SIRT1-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Sarubbo
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Biología, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Mallorca, Spain
| | - S. Esteban
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Biología, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Mallorca, Spain
| | - A. Miralles
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Biología, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Mallorca, Spain
| | - D. Moranta
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Departamento de Biología, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Mallorca, Spain
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Souza CO, Teixeira AA, Biondo LA, Silveira LS, Calder PC, Rosa Neto JC. Palmitoleic acid reduces the inflammation in LPS-stimulated macrophages by inhibition of NFκB, independently of PPARs. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 44:566-575. [PMID: 28135761 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Palmitoleic acid (PM, 16:1n-7) has anti-inflammatory properties that could be linked to higher expression of PPARα, an inhibitor of NFκB. Macrophages play a major role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation, however, the effects of PM on macrophages are underexplored. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of PM in activated macrophages as well the role of PPARα. Primary macrophages were isolated from C57BL/6 wild type (WT) and PPARα knockout (KO) mice, cultured under standard conditions and exposed to lipopolysaccharides LPS (2.5 μg/ml) and PM 600 μmol/L conjugated with albumin for 24 hours. The stimulation with LPS increased the production of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β while PM decreased the production of IL-6 in WT macrophages. In KO macrophages, LPS increased the production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-6 and PM decreased the production of TNFα. The expression of inflammatory markers such NFκB and IL1β were increased by LPS and decreased by PM in both WT and KO macrophages. PM reduced the expression of MyD88 and caspase-1 in KO macrophages, and the expression of TLR4 and HIF-1α in both WT and KO macrophages, although LPS had no effect. CD86, an inflammatory macrophage marker, was reduced by PM independently of genotype. PM increased PPARγ and reduced PPARβ gene expression in macrophages of both genotypes, and increased ACOX-1 expression in KO macrophages. In conclusion, PM promotes anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages exposed to LPS through inhibition of inflammasome pathway, which was independent of PPARα, PPARϒ and AMPK, thus the molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory response caused by PM is still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila O Souza
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre As Teixeira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana A Biondo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Loreana S Silveira
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, State University of São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Philip C Calder
- Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - José C Rosa Neto
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Li C, Cheng B, Fang S, Zhou H, Gu Q, Xu J. Design, syntheses and lipid accumulation inhibitory activities of novel resveratrol mimics. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:114-122. [PMID: 29172079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hispidine was initially discovered from Ficus Hispida for cardiovascular protection. In this paper, hispidine derivatives, which contain a novel resveratrol-like scaffold, have been designed, synthesized, and assayed as agents against lipid accumulations in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. Six hispidine derivatives have the activity of reducing TG in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in dosage-dependent manner. The most active compound can reduce the lipid accumulation up to 78.4% at 10 μM qPCR and Western blotting results demonstrate that the two most active compounds inhibit both lipodenesis and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells through (1) increasing the phosphorylations of AMPK and ACC, promoting SIRT1 expression. These three proteins are key regulators for lipogenesis and energy metabolism. (2) Decreasing the expressions of PPARγ, sREBP-1c, and FABP4, which are pivotal regulators for adipogenesis. Overall, this work proves that hispidine derivatives diminish the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cell line by downregulating lipogenic and adipogenic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 East Circle Road at University City, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bao Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 East Circle Road at University City, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sai Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 East Circle Road at University City, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huihao Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 East Circle Road at University City, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiong Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 East Circle Road at University City, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 East Circle Road at University City, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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31
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Chou ST, Jung F, Yang SH, Chou HL, Jow GM, Lin JC. Antofine suppresses endotoxin-induced inflammation and metabolic disorder via AMP-activated protein kinase. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2017; 5. [PMID: 28805975 PMCID: PMC5684866 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of activated macrophages has been used to develop anti-inflammatory agents for therapeutic intervention to human diseases that cause excessive inflammatory responses. Antofine, a phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid, has a potent anti-inflammatory effect. However, the molecular mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory activity have not yet been fully detailed. In this study, we comprehensively explored the anti-inflammatory effects of antofine on endotoxin-induced inflammation in macrophages using cDNA microarray analysis, thereby elucidating the potential mechanism by which antofine suppresses inflammation. Antofine significantly suppressed the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL-1β and the production of iNOS in LPS-activated Raw264.7 macrophage cells. In addition, antofine can suppress the expressions of several inflammation-related genes (such as ARG-1, IL1F9, IL-10, and IL-33) and extracellular matrix genes (such as TNC and HYAL1), as well as a vasopressor gene (EDN1) in activated macrophage cells, that are induced by LPS stimulation. The gene expression profiles analyzed by GeneMANIA software showed that antofine not only contributed anti-inflammatory activity but also modulated the cellular metabolism via AMPK. Furthermore, antofine also modulated the activation of AMPK and caspase-1, the key regulator in inflammasome-mediated IL-1β maturation, in activated macrophage cells. In conclusion, these data indicated that antofine potentially can not only contribute an anti-inflammatory effect but can also attenuate the metabolic disorders induced by inflammation via AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ting Chou
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fang Jung
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsing Yang
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hwei-Ling Chou
- Medical Department, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Mei Jow
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Chen Lin
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Annamanedi M, Varma GYN, Anuradha K, Kalle AM. Celecoxib Enhances the Efficacy of Low-Dose Antibiotic Treatment against Polymicrobial Sepsis in Mice and Clinical Isolates of ESKAPE Pathogens. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:805. [PMID: 28533769 PMCID: PMC5420555 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of multidrug resistant bacterial infections has been a great challenge globally. Previous studies including our study have highlighted the use of celecoxib, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in combination with antibiotic has decreased the minimal inhibitory concentration to limit Staphylococcus aureus infection. However, the efficacy of this combinatorial treatment against various pathogenic bacteria is not determined. Therefore, we have evaluated the potential use of celecoxib in combination with low doses of antibiotic in limiting Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in vivo in murine polymicrobial sepsis developed by cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) method and against clinically isolated human ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species). The in vivo results clearly demonstrated a significant reduction in the bacterial load in different organs and in the inflammatory markers such as COX-2 and NF-κB via activation of SIRT1 in mice treated with imipenem, a choice of antibiotic for polymicrobial sepsis treatment. Combinatorial treatment of ampicillin and celecoxib was effective on clinical isolates of ESKAPE pathogens, 45% of tested clinical isolates showed more than 50% reduction in the colony forming units when compared to ampicillin alone. In conclusion, this non-traditional treatment strategy might be effective in clinic to reduce the dose of antibiotic to treat drug-resistant bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Annamanedi
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of HyderabadHyderabad, India
| | - Gajapati Y N Varma
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of HyderabadHyderabad, India
| | - K Anuradha
- Pathology and Lab Medicine, Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabad, India
| | - Arunasree M Kalle
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of HyderabadHyderabad, India
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Pathogen-Host Defense in the Evolution of Depression: Insights into Epidemiology, Genetics, Bioregional Differences and Female Preponderance. Neuropsychopharmacology 2017; 42:5-27. [PMID: 27629366 PMCID: PMC5143499 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2016.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Significant attention has been paid to the potential adaptive value of depression as it relates to interactions with people in the social world. However, in this review, we outline the rationale of why certain features of depression including its environmental and genetic risk factors, its association with the acute phase response and its age of onset and female preponderance appear to have evolved from human interactions with pathogens in the microbial world. Approaching the relationship between inflammation and depression from this evolutionary perspective yields a number of insights that may reveal important clues regarding the origin and epidemiology of the disorder as well as the persistence of its risk alleles in the modern human genome.
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Kim YM, Park EJ, Kim JH, Park SW, Kim HJ, Chang KC. Ethyl pyruvate inhibits the acetylation and release of HMGB1 via effects on SIRT1/STAT signaling in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 41:98-105. [PMID: 27865166 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a cytokine present in the late phase of sepsis, may be a potential target for the treatment of sepsis. For HMGB1 to be actively secreted from macrophages during infections, it must be post-translationally modified. Although ethyl pyruvate (EP), a simple aliphatic ester derived from pyruvic acid, has been shown to inhibit the release of HMGB1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells, the underlying mechanism(s) are not yet clear. We investigated the hypothesis that the upregulation of SIRT1 by EP might promote the deacetylation of HMGB1, which reduces HMGB1 release in LPS-activated macrophages. Our results show that EP induced the expression of the SIRT1 protein in RAW264.7 cells and that it significantly inhibited the LPS-induced acetylation of HMGB1. Transfection with a SIRT1-overexpressing vector resulted in a significant decrease in the acetylation of HMGB1 in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells relative to control cells. The genetic ablation or the pharmacological inhibition of SIRT1 by sirtinol increased LPS-induced HMGB1 acetylation. Moreover, EP inhibited the acetylation of HMGB1 in peritoneal macrophages treated with LPS. Interestingly, EP significantly reduced the LPS-induced phosphorylation of STAT1, which was significantly reversed by siSIRT1 transfection in RAW264.7 cells, indicating that SIRT1 negatively regulates the phosphorylation of STAT1. Overall, the results show that EP promotes the deacetylation of HMGB1 via the inhibition of STAT1 phosphorylation through the upregulation of SIRT1, which reduces HMGB1 release in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. In conclusion, EP might be useful in the treatment of diseases that target HMGB1, such as sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Min Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Churl Chang
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang Z, Amorosa LF, Coyle SM, Macor MA, Birnbaum MJ, Lee LY, Haimovich B. Insulin-Dependent Regulation of mTORC2-Akt-FoxO Suppresses TLR4 Signaling in Human Leukocytes: Relevance to Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 2016; 65:2224-34. [PMID: 27207509 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte signaling in patients with systemic insulin resistance is largely unexplored. We recently discovered the presence of multiple Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling intermediates in leukocytes from patients with type 2 diabetes or acute insulin resistance associated with cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. We extend this work to show that in addition to matrix metalloproteinase 9, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, and cleaved AMPKα, patient leukocytes also express IRS-1 phosphorylated on Ser(312), Akt phosphorylated on Thr(308), and elevated TLR4 expression. Similar signaling intermediates were detected in leukocytes and neutrophils treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a ligand of TLR4, in vitro. In contrast, insulin, but not LPS, induced mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2)-dependent phosphorylation of Akt on Ser(473) and FoxO1/O3a on Thr(24/32) in leukocytes and neutrophils. Insulin suppressed LPS-induced responses in a dose- and time-dependent manner. AS1842856, a FoxO1 inhibitor, also suppressed TLR4 signaling. We propose that insulin is a homeostatic regulator of leukocyte responses to LPS/TLR4 and that the signaling intermediates expressed in leukocytes of patients with type 2 diabetes indicate TLR4 signaling dominance and deficient insulin signaling. The data suggest that insulin suppresses LPS/TLR4 signals in leukocytes through the mTORC2-Akt-FoxO signaling axis. Better understanding of leukocyte signaling in patients with type 2 diabetes may shed new light on disease causation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Louis F Amorosa
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Susette M Coyle
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Marie A Macor
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Morris J Birnbaum
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Leonard Y Lee
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Beatrice Haimovich
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
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Farías JG, Carrasco-Pozo C, Carrasco Loza R, Sepúlveda N, Álvarez P, Quezada M, Quiñones J, Molina V, Castillo RL. Polyunsaturated fatty acid induces cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion through the inhibition of NF-kappaB and induction of Nrf2. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 242:1104-1114. [PMID: 27190274 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216649263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic evidence to support the cardioprotective effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are controversial. The aim was to test cardioprotective mechanisms induced by PUFA supplementation against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Ten-week-old male Wistar rats (225 ± 14 g, n = 14) were divided in two groups: rats without supplementation ( n = 7) and a PUFA group, supplemented by PUFA (0.6 g/kg/day; DHA:EPA = 3:1) for eight weeks ( n = 7). Hearts were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer for 20 min (control conditions); others were subjected to control conditions, 30 min of global ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion (IR group). Infarct size (IS) and left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) were measured at 120 min of reperfusion. Oxidative stress biomarkers (TBARS, total carbonyls), antioxidant status (CAT, catalase; SOD, superoxide dismutase; GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase activity and GSH/GSSG ratio), myeloperoxidase activity, ATP levels and nuclear transcription factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) were determined in both experimental conditions. At the end of reperfusion, hearts supplemented with PUFA showed lower IS and a higher LVDP compared with the nonsupplemented rats. Hearts in the group supplemented with PUFA showed lower levels of oxidative stress markers and higher antioxidant activity, decreased MPO activity and NF-κB and Nrf2 activation compared with the nonsupplemented group. Cardioprotective effects of PUFA are exerted through induction of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanism at tissue level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge G Farías
- 1 Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Catalina Carrasco-Pozo
- 2 Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Carrasco Loza
- 3 Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina Oriente, Hospital del Salvador, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7500922, Chile
| | - Néstor Sepúlveda
- 4 Laboratorio de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Pedro Álvarez
- 5 Servicio Anestesiología, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Mauricio Quezada
- 6 Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago 7501015, Chile.,7 Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - John Quiñones
- 4 Laboratorio de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Víctor Molina
- 8 Hospital de Niños, Roberto del Río, Santiago 8380418, Chile
| | - Rodrigo L Castillo
- 7 Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
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Zhang Z, Haimovich B, Kwon YS, Lu T, Fyfe-Kirschner B, Olweny EO. Unilateral Partial Nephrectomy with Warm Ischemia Results in Acute Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1-Alpha (HIF-1α) and Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Overexpression in a Porcine Model. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154708. [PMID: 27149666 PMCID: PMC4858142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) during partial nephrectomy (PN) contributes to acute kidney injury (AKI), which is inaccurately assessed using existent clinical markers of renal function. We evaluated I/R-related changes in expression in hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), within kidney tissue and peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) in a porcine model of PN. Materials and Methods Three adult pigs each underwent unilateral renal hilar cross clamping for 180 min followed by a 15 min reperfusion. The contralateral kidney served as control. Biopsies of clamped kidneys were obtained at baseline (time 0), every 60 min during the hypoxic phase, and post-reperfusion. Control kidneys were biopsied once at 180 min. Peripheral blood was sampled at time 0, every 30 min during the hypoxic phase, and post-reperfusion. HIF-1α and TLR4 expression in kidney tissue and PBL were analyzed by Western blotting. I/R-related histological changes were assessed. Results Expression of HIF-1α in clamped kidneys and PBL was below detection level at baseline, rising to detectable levels after 60 min of hypoxia, and continuing to rise throughout the hypoxic and reperfusion phases. Expression of TLR-4 in clamped kidneys followed a similar trend with initial detection after 30–60 min of hypoxia. Control kidneys exhibited no change in HIF-1α or TLR-4 expression. I/R-related histologic changes were minimal, primarily mild tubular dilatation. Conclusions In a porcine model of PN, HIF-1α and TLR4 exhibited robust, I/R-related increases in expression in kidney tissue and PBL. Further studies investigating these molecules as potential markers of AKI are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zhang
- Division of Urology and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - Beatrice Haimovich
- Division of Urology and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - Young Suk Kwon
- Division of Urology and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - Tyler Lu
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - Billie Fyfe-Kirschner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
| | - Ephrem Odoy Olweny
- Division of Urology and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sirtuins Link Inflammation and Metabolism. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:8167273. [PMID: 26904696 PMCID: PMC4745579 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8167273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRT), first discovered in yeast as NAD+ dependent epigenetic and metabolic regulators, have comparable activities in human physiology and disease. Mounting evidence supports that the seven-member mammalian sirtuin family (SIRT1–7) guard homeostasis by sensing bioenergy needs and responding by making alterations in the cell nutrients. Sirtuins play a critical role in restoring homeostasis during stress responses. Inflammation is designed to “defend and mend” against the invading organisms. Emerging evidence supports that metabolism and bioenergy reprogramming direct the sequential course of inflammation; failure of homeostasis retrieval results in many chronic and acute inflammatory diseases. Anabolic glycolysis quickly induced (compared to oxidative phosphorylation) for ROS and ATP generation is needed for immune activation to “defend” against invading microorganisms. Lipolysis/fatty acid oxidation, essential for cellular protection/hibernation and cell survival in order to “mend,” leads to immune repression. Acute/chronic inflammations are linked to altered glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation, at least in part, by NAD+ dependent function of sirtuins. Therapeutically targeting sirtuins may provide a new class of inflammation and immune regulators. This review discusses how sirtuins integrate metabolism, bioenergetics, and immunity during inflammation and how sirtuin-directed treatment improves outcome in chronic inflammatory diseases and in the extreme stress response of sepsis.
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39
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The Interplay of Reactive Oxygen Species, Hypoxia, Inflammation, and Sirtuins in Cancer Initiation and Progression. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:3907147. [PMID: 26798421 PMCID: PMC4699039 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3907147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The presence of ROS is a constant feature in living cells metabolizing O2. ROS concentration and compartmentation determine their physiological or pathological effects. ROS overproduction is a feature of cancer cells and plays several roles during the natural history of malignant tumor. ROS continuously contribute to each step of cancerogenesis, from the initiation to the malignant progression, acting directly or indirectly. In this review, we will (a) underline the role of ROS in the pathway leading a normal cell to tumor transformation and progression, (b) define the multiple roles of ROS during the natural history of a tumor, (c) conciliate many conflicting data about harmful or beneficial effects of ROS, (d) rethink the importance of oncogene and tumor suppressor gene mutations in relation to the malignant progression, and (e) collocate all the cancer hallmarks in a mechanistic sequence which could represent a "physiological" response to the initial growth of a transformed stem/pluripotent cell, defining also the role of ROS in each hallmark. We will provide a simplified sketch about the relationships between ROS and cancer. The attention will be focused on the contribution of ROS to the signaling of HIF, NFκB, and Sirtuins as a leitmotif of cancer initiation and progression.
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40
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The role of natural polyphenols in cell signaling and cytoprotection against cancer development. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 32:1-19. [PMID: 27142731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cytoprotective and anticancer action of dietary in-taken natural polyphenols has for long been attributed only to their direct radical scavenging activities. Currently it is well supported that those compounds display a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological outcomes mediated by their complex metabolism, interaction with gut microbiota as well as direct interactions of their metabolites with key cellular signaling proteins. The beneficial effects of natural polyphenols and their synthetic derivatives are extensively studied in context of cancer prophylaxis and therapy. Herein we focus on cell signaling to explain the beneficial role of polyphenols at the three stages of cancer development: we review the recent proceedings about the impact of polyphenols on the cytoprotective antioxidant response and their proapoptotic action at the premalignant stage, and finally we present data showing how phenolic acids (e.g., caffeic, chlorogenic acids) and flavonols (e.g., quercetin) hamper the development of metastatic cancer.
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41
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Poulose N, Raju R. Sirtuin regulation in aging and injury. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:2442-55. [PMID: 26303641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins or Sir2 family of proteins are a class of NAD(+) dependent protein deacetylases which are evolutionarily conserved from bacteria to humans. Some sirtuins also exhibit mono-ADP ribosyl transferase, demalonylation and desuccinylation activities. Originally identified in the yeast, these proteins regulate key cellular processes like cell cycle, apoptosis, metabolic regulation and inflammation. Humans encode seven sirtuin isoforms SIRT1-SIRT7 with varying intracellular distribution. Apart from their classic role as histone deacetylases regulating transcription, a number of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial targets of sirtuins have also been identified. Sirtuins have been implicated in longevity and accumulating evidence indicate their role in a spectrum of diseases like cancer, diabetes, obesity and neurodegenerative diseases. A number of studies have reported profound changes in SIRT1 expression and activity linked to mitochondrial functional alterations following hypoxic-ischemic conditions and following reoxygenation injury. The SIRT1 mediated deacetylation of targets such as PGC-1α, FOXO3, p53 and NF-κb has profound effect on mitochondrial function, apoptosis and inflammation. These biological processes and functions are critical in life-span determination and outcome following injury. Aging is reported to be characterized by declining SIRT1 activity, and its increased expression or activation demonstrated prolonged life-span in lower forms of animals. A pseudohypoxic state due to declining NAD(+) has also been implicated in aging. In this review we provide an overview of studies on the role of sirtuins in aging and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninu Poulose
- Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - Raghavan Raju
- Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA 30912, United States.
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42
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Zhang Z, Amorosa LF, Coyle SM, Macor MA, Lubitz SE, Carson JL, Birnbaum MJ, Lee LY, Haimovich B. Proteolytic Cleavage of AMPKα and Intracellular MMP9 Expression Are Both Required for TLR4-Mediated mTORC1 Activation and HIF-1α Expression in Leukocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:2452-60. [PMID: 26232429 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
LPS-induced TLR4 activation alters cellular bioenergetics and triggers proteolytic cleavage of AMPKα and HIF-1α expression in leukocytes. In human leukocytes, and more specifically neutrophils, AMPKα cleavage yields 55- and 35-kDa protein fragments. In this study, we address the mechanism by which AMPKα is cleaved and its relevance to human health. Our data indicate that AMPKα cleavage is linked to MMP9 expression and that both are required for mammalian target of rapamycin complex-1 and S6K1 activation and HIF-1α expression in LPS-stimulated human and mice leukocytes. Three key observations support this conclusion. First, no changes in AMPKα and TLR4 signaling intermediates (mammalian target of rapamycin complex-1/S6 kinase 1/HIF-1α) were detected in LPS-stimulated MMP9-deficient mice leukocytes. Second, rMMP9 cleaved human AMPKα ex vivo, producing degradation products similar in size to those detected following LPS stimulation. Third, MMP9 inhibitors prevented AMPKα degradation and HIF-1α expression in LPS-activated human leukocytes, whereas AMPK activators blocked MMP9 and HIF-1α expression. Significantly, AMPKα degradation, MMP9, and TLR4 signaling intermediates were all detected in leukocytes from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and patients following cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Plasma from these two patient cohorts induced AMPKα cleavage and TLR4 signaling intermediates in healthy donor leukocytes and either a TLR4 inhibitor or polymyxin prevented these outcomes. Detection of AMPKα degradation, MMP9 expression, and TLR4 signaling intermediates described in this study in leukocytes, the most readily available human cells for clinical investigation, may provide a powerful tool for further exploring the role of TLR4 signaling in human diseases and lead to identification of new, context-specific therapeutic modalities for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08903
| | - Louis F Amorosa
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; and
| | - Susette M Coyle
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08903
| | - Marie A Macor
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08903
| | - Sara E Lubitz
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; and
| | - Jeffrey L Carson
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08903; and
| | - Morris J Birnbaum
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Leonard Y Lee
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08903
| | - Beatrice Haimovich
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08903;
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43
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Targeting sirtuin to modulate human inflammation. Crit Care Med 2015; 43:1348-9. [PMID: 25978168 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000001030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Chen X, Lu Y, Zhang Z, Wang J, Yang H, Liu G. Intercellular interplay between Sirt1 signalling and cell metabolism in immune cell biology. Immunology 2015; 145:455-67. [PMID: 25890999 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are evolutionarily conserved class III histone deacetylases that have been the focus of intense scrutiny and interest since the discovery of Sir2 as a yeast longevity factor. Early reports demonstrated an important role of Sirt1 in aging and metabolism, but its critical regulatory role in the immune system has only been unveiled in recent years. In this review we discuss the latest advances in understanding the regulatory role of Sirt1 in immune responses as well as how Sirt1 translates metabolic cues to immune signals, which would bring new insights into both pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies of a variety of immune-related diseases, such as cancer, microbial infection, autoimmune diseases and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biotherapy Research Centre and Institute of Immunobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biotherapy Research Centre and Institute of Immunobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengguo Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biotherapy Research Centre and Institute of Immunobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biotherapy Research Centre and Institute of Immunobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biotherapy Research Centre and Institute of Immunobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangwei Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biotherapy Research Centre and Institute of Immunobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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45
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Hato T, Winfree S, Kalakeche R, Dube S, Kumar R, Yoshimoto M, Plotkin Z, Dagher PC. The macrophage mediates the renoprotective effects of endotoxin preconditioning. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 26:1347-62. [PMID: 25398784 PMCID: PMC4446880 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014060561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Preconditioning is a preventative approach, whereby minimized insults generate protection against subsequent larger exposures to the same or even different insults. In immune cells, endotoxin preconditioning downregulates the inflammatory response and yet, preserves the ability to contain infections. However, the protective mechanisms of preconditioning at the tissue level in organs such as the kidney remain poorly understood. Here, we show that endotoxin preconditioning confers renal epithelial protection in various models of sepsis in vivo. We also tested the hypothesis that this protection results from direct interactions between the preconditioning dose of endotoxin and the renal tubules. This hypothesis is on the basis of our previous findings that endotoxin toxicity to nonpreconditioned renal tubules was direct and independent of immune cells. Notably, we found that tubular protection after preconditioning has an absolute requirement for CD14-expressing myeloid cells and particularly, macrophages. Additionally, an intact macrophage CD14-TRIF signaling pathway was essential for tubular protection. The preconditioned state was characterized by increased macrophage number and trafficking within the kidney as well as clustering of macrophages around S1 proximal tubules. These macrophages exhibited increased M2 polarization and upregulation of redox and iron-handling molecules. In renal tubules, preconditioning prevented peroxisomal damage and abolished oxidative stress and injury to S2 and S3 tubules. In summary, these data suggest that macrophages are essential mediators of endotoxin preconditioning and required for renal tissue protection. Preconditioning is, therefore, an attractive model to investigate novel protective pathways for the prevention and treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Momoko Yoshimoto
- Pediatrics and The Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
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46
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Smith LM, Wells JD, Vachharajani VT, Yoza BK, McCall CE, Hoth JJ. SIRT1 mediates a primed response to immune challenge after traumatic lung injury. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2015; 78:1034-8. [PMID: 25909427 PMCID: PMC4410426 DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000000598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary contusion (PC) is a common, potentially lethal injury that results in priming for exaggerated inflammatory responses to subsequent immune challenge like infection (second hit). The molecular mechanism of priming and the second hit phenomenon after PC remain obscure. With the use of a mouse model of PC, this study explores the role of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, in priming for a second hit after injury. METHODS With the use of a mouse model of PC, injury-primed second-hit host responses were tested at 24 hours after PC by (1) in vivo infectious challenge of injured mice or (2) ex vivo inflammatory challenge of isolated immune cells from injured mice. SIRT activators or repressors were used to test for SIRT1 participation in these second-hit responses. RESULTS PC-injured mice given an in vivo infectious challenge by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) had significantly increased mortality compared with injury or infectious challenge alone. Isolated bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells from injured mice given an ex vivo inflammatory challenge with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) had increased levels of tumor necrosis factor α messenger RNA compared with uninjured mice. We found that PC reduced SIRT1 protein, messenger RNA, and SIRT1 enzymatic activity in injured lung tissue. We also found decreased SIRT1 protein levels in BAL cells from injured mice. We further found that injured mice treated with a SIRT1 activator, resveratrol, showed significantly decreased polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in the BAL in response to intratracheal LPS and increased survival from CLP. CONCLUSION These results showed that PC decreased SIRT1 levels in the lung correlated with enhanced responses to infectious or inflammatory stimuli in injured mice. Treatment of injured mice with a SIRT1 activator, resveratrol, decreased LPS inflammatory response and increased survival after CLP. Our results suggest that SIRT1 participates in the second-hit response after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lane M. Smith
- Department of Emergency Medicine (LS), the Department of General Surgery (JH, JW, BY), the Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care (VV), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine (CM), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Jonathan D. Wells
- Department of Emergency Medicine (LS), the Department of General Surgery (JH, JW, BY), the Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care (VV), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine (CM), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Vidula T. Vachharajani
- Department of Emergency Medicine (LS), the Department of General Surgery (JH, JW, BY), the Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care (VV), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine (CM), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Barbara K. Yoza
- Department of Emergency Medicine (LS), the Department of General Surgery (JH, JW, BY), the Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care (VV), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine (CM), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Charles E. McCall
- Department of Emergency Medicine (LS), the Department of General Surgery (JH, JW, BY), the Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care (VV), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine (CM), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - J. Jason Hoth
- Department of Emergency Medicine (LS), the Department of General Surgery (JH, JW, BY), the Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care (VV), and the Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine (CM), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
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Rousset CI, Leiper FC, Kichev A, Gressens P, Carling D, Hagberg H, Thornton C. A dual role for AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) during neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury in mice. J Neurochem 2015; 133:242-52. [PMID: 25598140 PMCID: PMC4855681 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) occurs in 1–2 in every 1000 term infants and the devastating consequences range from cerebral palsy, epilepsy and neurological deficit to death. Cellular damage post insult occurs after a delay and is mediated by a secondary neural energy failure. AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular stress resulting from ATP depletion and/or calcium dysregulation, hallmarks of the neuronal cell death observed after HIE. AMPK activation has been implicated in the models of adult ischaemic injury but, as yet, there have been no studies defining its role in neonatal asphyxia. Here, we find that in an in vivo model of neonatal hypoxia–ischaemic and in oxygen/glucose deprivation in neurons, there is pathological activation of the calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ)‐AMPKα1 signalling pathway. Pharmacological inhibition of AMPK during the insult promotes neuronal survival but, conversely, inhibiting AMPK activity prior to the insult sensitizes neurons, exacerbating cell death. Our data have pathological relevance for neonatal HIE as prior sensitization such as exposure to bacterial infection (reported to reduce AMPK activity) produces a significant increase in injury.
![]() We show that in an in vivo model of neonatal hypoxia–ischaemic and in oxygen/glucose deprivation in neurons, there is a pathological activation of the CaMKKβ‐AMPKα1 signalling pathway. Inhibiting AMPK during OGD promotes neuronal survival; conversely, inhibiting AMPK prior to OGD exacerbates cell death. Our data have clinical relevance as prior sensitization (e.g. exposure to bacterial infection reducing AMPK activity) increases injury. AMPK, AMP‐activated protein kinase; HI, hypoxia–ischaemia; OGD, oxygen–glucose deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine I Rousset
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, King's Health Partners, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
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Hasima N, Ozpolat B. Regulation of autophagy by polyphenolic compounds as a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1509. [PMID: 25375374 PMCID: PMC4260725 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy, a lysosomal degradation pathway for cellular constituents and organelles, is an adaptive and essential process required for cellular homeostasis. Although autophagy functions as a survival mechanism in response to cellular stressors such as nutrient or growth factor deprivation, it can also lead to a non-apoptotic form of programmed cell death (PCD) called autophagy-induced cell death or autophagy-associated cell death (type II PCD). Current evidence suggests that cell death through autophagy can be induced as an alternative to apoptosis (type I PCD), with therapeutic purpose in cancer cells that are resistant to apoptosis. Thus, modulating autophagy is of great interest in cancer research and therapy. Natural polyphenolic compounds that are present in our diet, such as rottlerin, genistein, quercetin, curcumin, and resveratrol, can trigger type II PCD via various mechanisms through the canonical (Beclin-1 dependent) and non-canonical (Beclin-1 independent) routes of autophagy. The capacity of these compounds to provide a means of cancer cell death that enhances the effects of standard therapies should be taken into consideration for designing novel therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on the autophagy- and cell death-inducing effects of these polyphenolic compounds in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hasima
- 1] Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 422, Houston, TX 77030, USA [2] Institute Science Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia [3] Center for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - B Ozpolat
- 1] Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 422, Houston, TX 77030, USA [2] Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs - Red and Charline McCombs Institute for the Early Detection and Treatment of Cancer, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 422, Houston, TX, USA
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Harries LW. MicroRNAs as Mediators of the Ageing Process. Genes (Basel) 2014; 5:656-70. [PMID: 25140888 PMCID: PMC4198923 DOI: 10.3390/genes5030656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human ageing is a complex and integrated gradual deterioration of cellular processes. There are nine major hallmarks of ageing, that include changes in DNA repair and DNA damage response, telomere shortening, changes in control over the expression and regulation of genes brought about by epigenetic and mRNA processing changes, loss of protein homeostasis, altered nutrient signaling, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, premature cellular senescence and altered intracellular communication. Like practically all other cellular processes, genes associated in features of ageing are regulated by miRNAs. In this review, I will outline each of the features of ageing, together with examples of specific miRNAs that have been demonstrated to be involved in each one. This will demonstrate the interconnected nature of the regulation of transcripts involved in human ageing, and the role of miRNAs in this process. Definition of the factors involved in degeneration of organismal, tissue and cellular homeostasis may provide biomarkers for healthy ageing and increase understanding of the processes that underpin the ageing process itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna W Harries
- RNA-Mediated Mechanisms of Disease Group, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK.
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50
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Annamanedi M, Kalle AM. Celecoxib sensitizes Staphylococcus aureus to antibiotics in macrophages by modulating SIRT1. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99285. [PMID: 24950067 PMCID: PMC4064976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that celecoxib in combination with an antibiotic, increase the bacterial sensitivity to antibiotics. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remained elusive. Efficacy of the combinatorial treatment of celecoxib and ampicillin in vitro was evaluated on macrophage-phagocytosed S. aureus. To elucidate the mechanism, signaling pathway of infection and inflammation involving TLR2, JNK, SIRT1 and NF-κB was studied by FACS, Western blot, ELISA and activity assays. Combinatorial treatment of ampicillin and celecoxib reduced the bacterial load in the macrophages. Further studies clearly suggested the activation of the master regulator of oxidative stress and inflammation SIRT1, by celecoxib when used alone and/or in combination with ampicillin. Also, the results indicated that celecoxib inhibited JNK phosphorylation thereby stabilizing and activating SIRT1 protein that inhibited the COX-2 gene transcription with a significant decrease in the levels of protein inflammatory cytokines like IL-6, MIP-1α and IL-1β via inhibition of NF-κB. SIRT1 activation by celecoxib also resulted in increase of catalase and peroxidase activity with a decrease in Nitric oxide levels. In conclusion, we demonstrate a novel role of celecoxib in controlling inflammation as an enhancer of antibiotic activity against bacteria by modulating SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Annamanedi
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Arunasree M. Kalle
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
- * E-mail:
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