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Yang T, Cao T, Yang X, Wang G, Li Y. Elucidation of the key therapeutic targets and potential mechanisms of Andrographolide multi-targets against osteoarthritis via network pharmacological analysis and experimental validation. Gene 2024; 911:148351. [PMID: 38462021 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our purpose is to unveil Andrographolide's potential multi-target and multi-mechanism therapeutic effects in treating OA via systematic network pharmacological analysis and cell experimental validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Initially, we gathered data from Andrographolide and OA-related databases to obtain information on Andrographolide's biological properties and the targets linked with OA. We developed a bioinformatic network about Andrographolide and OA, whereby we analyzed the network to identify potential therapeutic targets and mechanisms of action of Andrographolide. Subsequently, we used molecular docking to analyze the binding sites of Andrographolide to the target proteins. At the same time, SDF-1 was used to construct an OA cell model to verify the therapeutic effect of Andrographolide on OA and its effect on target proteins. RESULTS Our experimental results show that Andrographolide has excellent pharmaceutical properties, by Lipinski's rules for drugs, suggesting that this compound can be considered to have a high therapeutic potential in drug development. 233 targets were preliminarily investigated, the mechanisms through which Andrographolide targets OA primarily involve the TNF signaling pathway, PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and TLR signaling pathway. These mechanisms target OA by influencing immune and inflammatory responses in the joints, regulating apoptosis to prevent chondrocyte death. Finally, TNF-α, STAT3, TP53, IL-6, JUN, IL-1β, HIF-1α, TGF-β1, and AKT1 were identified as 9 key targets of Andrographolide anti-OA. In addition, our molecular docking analyzes with cell experimental validation further confirm the network pharmacology results. According to our molecular docking results, Andrographolide can bind to all the hub target proteins and has a good binding ability (binding energy < -5 kcal/mol), with the strongest binding affinity to AKT1 of -9.2 kcal/ mol. The results of cell experiments showed that Andrographolide treatment significantly increased the cell viability and the expression of COL2A1 and ACAN proteins. Moreover, 30 μM Andrographolide significantly reversed SDF-1-induced increases in the protein expression of TNF-α, STAT3, TP53, IL-6, JUN, IL-1β, HIF-1α, and TGF-β1, and decreases in the protein expression of AKT1. CONCLUSION This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the potential therapeutic targets and mechanisms of action of Andrographolide in OA treatment. Our findings suggest that Andrographolide is a promising candidate for drug development in the management of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyun Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Tingting Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xianguang Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanlin Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.
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2
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Xu S, Deng KQ, Lu C, Fu X, Zhu Q, Wan S, Zhang L, Huang Y, Nie L, Cai H, Wang Q, Zeng H, Zhang Y, Wang F, Ren H, Chen Y, Yan H, Xu K, Zhou L, Lu M, Zhu Y, Liu S, Lu Z. Interleukin-6 classic and trans-signaling utilize glucose metabolism reprogramming to achieve anti- or pro-inflammatory effects. Metabolism 2024; 155:155832. [PMID: 38438106 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-6 has anti- and pro-inflammatory functions, controlled by IL-6 classic and trans-signaling, respectively. Differences in the downstream signaling mechanism between IL-6 classic and trans-signaling have not been identified. Here, we report that IL-6 activates glycolysis to regulate the inflammatory response. IL-6 regulates glucose metabolism by forming a complex containing signal-transducing activators of transcription 3 (STAT3), hexokinase 2 (HK2), and voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1). The IL-6 classic signaling directs glucose flux to oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos), while IL-6 trans-signaling directs glucose flux to anaerobic glycolysis. Classic IL-6 signaling promotes STAT3 translocation into mitochondria to interact with pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 (PDK1), leading to pyruvate dehydrogenase α (PDHA) dissociation from PDK1. As a result, PDHA is dephosphorylated, and STAT3 is phosphorylated at Ser727. By contrast, IL-6 trans-signaling promotes the interaction of sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), leading to the dissociation of STAT3 from SIRT2. As a result, LDHA is deacetylated, and STAT3 is acetylated and phosphorylated at Tyr705. IL-6 classic signaling promotes the differentiation of regulatory T cells via the PDK1/STAT3/PDHA axis, whereas IL-6 trans-signaling promotes the differentiation of Th17 cells via the SIRT2/STAT3/LDHA axis. Conclusion: IL-6 classic signaling generates anti-inflammatory functions by shifting energy metabolism to OxPhos, while IL-6 trans-signaling generates pro-inflammatory functions by shifting energy metabolism to anaerobic glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510530, China.
| | - Ke-Qiong Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Chengbo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qingmei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Shiqi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Longyu Nie
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Huanhuan Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Qiming Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Human Province, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China.
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China.
| | - Fubing Wang
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Affiliated Hospital to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Huan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Mengji Lu
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen 45122, Germany.
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Shi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Virology, Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Human Province, China.
| | - Zhibing Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; Institute of Myocardial Injury and Repair, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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3
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Groza Y, Lacina L, Kuchař M, Rašková Kafková L, Zachová K, Janoušková O, Osička R, Černý J, Petroková H, Mierzwicka JM, Panova N, Kosztyu P, Sloupenská K, Malý J, Škarda J, Raška M, Smetana K, Malý P. Small protein blockers of human IL-6 receptor alpha inhibit proliferation and migration of cancer cells. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:261. [PMID: 38715108 PMCID: PMC11075285 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01630-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that controls the immune response, and its role has been described in the development of autoimmune diseases. Signaling via its cognate IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) complex is critical in tumor progression and, therefore, IL-6R represents an important therapeutic target. METHODS An albumin-binding domain-derived highly complex combinatorial library was used to select IL-6R alpha (IL-6Rα)-targeted small protein binders using ribosome display. Large-scale screening of bacterial lysates of individual clones was performed using ELISA, and their IL-6Rα blocking potential was verified by competition ELISA. The binding of proteins to cells was monitored by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy on HEK293T-transfected cells, and inhibition of signaling function was examined using HEK-Blue IL-6 reporter cells. Protein binding kinetics to living cells was measured by LigandTracer, cell proliferation and toxicity by iCELLigence and Incucyte, cell migration by the scratch wound healing assay, and prediction of binding poses using molecular modeling by docking. RESULTS We demonstrated a collection of protein variants called NEF ligands, selected from an albumin-binding domain scaffold-derived combinatorial library, and showed their binding specificity to human IL-6Rα and antagonistic effect in HEK-Blue IL-6 reporter cells. The three most promising NEF108, NEF163, and NEF172 variants inhibited cell proliferation of malignant melanoma (G361 and A2058) and pancreatic (PaTu and MiaPaCa) cancer cells, and suppressed migration of malignant melanoma (A2058), pancreatic carcinoma (PaTu), and glioblastoma (GAMG) cells in vitro. The NEF binders also recognized maturation-induced IL-6Rα expression and interfered with IL-6-induced differentiation in primary human B cells. CONCLUSION We report on the generation of small protein blockers of human IL-6Rα using directed evolution. NEF proteins represent a promising class of non-toxic anti-tumor agents with migrastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslava Groza
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Lacina
- Institute of Anatomy, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 3, Prague 2, 12800, Czech Republic.
- Department of Dermatovenerology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 2, Prague 2, 12000, Czech Republic.
| | - Milan Kuchař
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Leona Rašková Kafková
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Zachová
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Janoušková
- Centre of Nanomaterials and Biotechnologies, University of J. E. Purkyně in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 3632/15, Ústí nad Labem, 400 96, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Osička
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Bacterial Pathogens, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague, 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Černý
- Laboratory of Structural Bioinformatics of Proteins, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Petroková
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Joanna Maria Mierzwicka
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Natalya Panova
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kosztyu
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Sloupenská
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Malý
- Centre of Nanomaterials and Biotechnologies, University of J. E. Purkyně in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 3632/15, Ústí nad Labem, 400 96, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Škarda
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Raška
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Smetana
- Institute of Anatomy, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 3, Prague 2, 12800, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Malý
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic.
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4
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Scheller J, Ettich J, Wittich C, Pudewell S, Floss DM, Rafii P. Exploring the landscape of synthetic IL-6-type cytokines. FEBS J 2024; 291:2030-2050. [PMID: 37467060 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-type cytokines not only have key immunomodulatory functions that affect the pathogenesis of diseases such as autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions, and cancer, but also fulfill important homeostatic tasks. Even though the pro-inflammatory arm has hindered the development of therapeutics based on natural-like IL-6-type cytokines to date, current synthetic trends might pave the way to overcome these limitations and eventually lead to immune-inert designer cytokines to aid type 2 diabetes and brain injuries. Those synthetic biology approaches include mutations, fusion proteins, and inter-cytokine swapping, and resulted in IL-6-type cytokines with altered receptor affinities, extended target cell profiles, and targeting of non-natural cytokine receptor complexes. Here, we survey synthetic cytokine developments within the IL-6-type cytokine family and discuss potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Ettich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Wittich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Silke Pudewell
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Doreen M Floss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Puyan Rafii
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Dadgar N, Sherry C, Zimmerman J, Park H, Lewis C, Donnenberg A, Zaidi AH, Fan Y, Xiao K, Bartlett D, Donnenberg V, Wagner PL. Targeting interleukin-6 as a treatment approach for peritoneal carcinomatosis. J Transl Med 2024; 22:402. [PMID: 38689325 PMCID: PMC11061933 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05205-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is a complex manifestation of abdominal cancers, with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Recent work identifying high concentrations of the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its soluble receptor (sIL-6-Rα) in the peritoneal cavity of patients with PC has highlighted this pathway as an emerging potential therapeutic target. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the potential role of IL-6 in the development and progression of PC. We discuss mechansims by which the IL-6 pathway may contribute to peritoneal tumor dissemination, mesothelial adhesion and invasion, stromal invasion and proliferation, and immune response modulation. Finally, we review the prospects for targeting the IL-6 pathway in the treatment of PC, focusing on common sites of origin, including ovarian, gastric, pancreatic, colorectal and appendiceal cancer, and mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Dadgar
- Translational Hematology & Oncology Research, Enterprise Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Christopher Sherry
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Jenna Zimmerman
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Hyun Park
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Catherine Lewis
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Albert Donnenberg
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Ali H Zaidi
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Yong Fan
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Kunhong Xiao
- Center for Proteomics & Artificial Intelligence, Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - David Bartlett
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Vera Donnenberg
- University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineDepartment of Cardiothoracic SurgeryUPMC Hillman Cancer Center Wagner, Patrick; Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Patrick L Wagner
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA.
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Brisnovali NF, Franco I, Abdelgawwad A, Tsou HLP, Cao TH, Riva A, Rutter GA, Akalestou E. Effects of SGLT2 Ablation or Inhibition on Corticosterone Secretion in High-Fat-Fed Mice: Exploring a Nexus with Cytokine Levels. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.18.590099. [PMID: 38712064 PMCID: PMC11071289 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.18.590099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Despite recent therapeutic advances, achieving optimal glycaemic control remains a challenge in managing Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have emerged as effective treatments by promoting urinary glucose excretion. However, the full scope of their mechanisms extends beyond glycaemic control. At present, their immunometabolic effects remain elusive. To investigate the effects of SGLT2 inhibition or deletion, we compared the metabolic and immune phenotype between high fat diet-fed control, chronically dapagliflozin-treated mice and total-body SGLT2/Slc5a2 knockout mice. SGLT2 null mice exhibited superior glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity compared to control or dapagliflozin-treated mice, independent of glycosuria and body weight. Moreover, SGLT2 null mice demonstrated physiological regulation of corticosterone secretion, with lowered morning levels compared to control mice. Systemic cytokine profiling also unveiled significant alterations in inflammatory mediators, particularly interleukin 6 (IL-6). Furthermore, unbiased proteomic analysis demonstrated downregulation of acute-phase proteins and upregulation of glutathione-related proteins, suggesting a role in the modulation of antioxidant responses. Conversely, IL-6 increased SGLT2 expression in kidney HK2 cells suggesting a role for cytokines in the effects of hyperglycemia. Collectively, our study elucidates a potential interplay between SGLT2 activity, immune modulation, and metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki F. Brisnovali
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Franco
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Amira Abdelgawwad
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hio Lam Phoebe Tsou
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thong Huy Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Leicester van Geest Multi-OMICS facility, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Riva
- The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Guy A. Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Elina Akalestou
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
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7
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Nier A, Ulrich C, Volk C, Wolffgang MC, Brandsch C, Wensch-Dorendorf M, Girndt M, Stangl GI. Effects of a single phosphate-enriched test meal on inflammasome activity and postprandial inflammatory markers in healthy subjects. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:797-807. [PMID: 38175251 PMCID: PMC10948537 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The consumption of highly processed food is often associated with a high intake of inorganic phosphate. Hyperphosphatemia is accompanied by an inflammatory status in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, the immune response to high phosphorus intake in healthy individuals is largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a single phosphate-enriched meal on inflammasome activity and plasma levels of inflammatory markers. METHODS The analysis included 28 participants who received a single dose of either 700 mg phosphorus or a placebo with a test meal. At baseline, 4 and 8 h post-meal, plasma interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-10, c-reactive protein (CRP), soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) and glycoprotein 130 (sgp130) levels were determined. At baseline and 4 h post-meal, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated to assess inflammasome activity. Subsequently, the effect of phosphate with or without glucose on IL-6 and IL-1β gene expression and secretion in U937 monocytes was examined. RESULTS While both groups showed a marked postprandial increase in IL-6 plasma levels, neither plasma levels of IL-6, IL-1β, CRP, IL-10, sIL-6R, and sgp130 nor inflammasome activity were affected by phosphate compared to placebo. In U937 cells, there was also no effect of phosphate on IL-6 expression, but the addition of glucose increased it. Phosphate, however, reduced the IL-1β secretion of these cells. CONCLUSION Postprandial inflammatory markers were not affected by dietary phosphate. However, IL-6 plasma levels were markedly increased post-meal, which appears to be a metabolic rather than a pro-inflammatory phenomenon. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03771924, date of registration: 11th December 2018, retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Nier
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
| | - Christof Ulrich
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Christin Volk
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- Competence Cluster of Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Corinna Brandsch
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Monika Wensch-Dorendorf
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Matthias Girndt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Gabriele I Stangl
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- Competence Cluster of Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany
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Rafii P, Cruz PR, Ettich J, Seibel C, Padrini G, Wittich C, Lang A, Petzsch P, Köhrer K, Moll JM, Floss DM, Scheller J. Engineered interleukin-6-derived cytokines recruit artificial receptor complexes and disclose CNTF signaling via the OSMR. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107251. [PMID: 38569939 PMCID: PMC11039321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) activates cells via the non-signaling α-receptor CNTF receptor (CNTFR) and the two signaling β-receptors glycoprotein 130 (gp130) and leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR). The CNTF derivate, Axokine, was protective against obesity and insulin resistance, but clinical development was halted by the emergence of CNTF antibodies. The chimeric cytokine IC7 used the framework of interleukin (IL-)6 with the LIFR-binding site from CNTF to activate cells via IL-6R:gp130:LIFR complexes. Similar to CNTF/Axokine, IC7 protected mice from obesity and insulin resistance. Here, we developed CNTF-independent chimeras that specifically target the IL-6R:gp130:LIFR complex. In GIL-6 and GIO-6, we transferred the LIFR binding site from LIF or OSM to IL-6, respectively. While GIO-6 signals via gp130:IL-6R:LIFR and gp130:IL-6R:OSMR complexes, GIL-6 selectively activates the IL-6R:gp130:LIFR receptor complex. By re-evaluation of IC7 and CNTF, we discovered the Oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) as an alternative non-canonical high-affinity receptor leading to IL-6R:OSMR:gp130 and CNTFR:OSMR:gp130 receptor complexes, respectively. The discovery of OSMR as an alternative high-affinity receptor for IC7 and CNTF designates GIL-6 as the first truly selective IL-6R:gp130:LIFR cytokine, whereas GIO-6 is a CNTF-free alternative for IC7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puyan Rafii
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patricia Rodrigues Cruz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Ettich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christiane Seibel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Giacomo Padrini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Wittich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Lang
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens M Moll
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Doreen M Floss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Samoilova EV, Korotaeva AА, Zhirov IV, Aksenova YO, Nasonova SN, Tereschenko SN. Interleukin 6 Signalling in Heart Failure With Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction. KARDIOLOGIIA 2024; 64:34-39. [PMID: 38597760 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2024.3.n2534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
AIM Identification of interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling pathways in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). MATERIAL AND METHODS The diversity of IL-6 effects is due to the presence of classical signaling and trans-signaling pathways. The study included 164 patients with CHF hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), of which 129 had reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF), and 35 had preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Blood concentrations of IL-6, soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R), soluble transducer protein gp130 (sgp130), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured. RESULTS Patients with HFpEF had lower concentrations of IL-6 (6.15 [2.78, 10.65] pg/ml) and hsCRP (11.27 [5.84, 24.40] mg/ml) than patients with HFrEF (9.20 [4.70; 15.62] pg/ml and 17.23 [8.70; 34.51 mg/ml], respectively). In contrast, concentrations of rIL-6R were higher in HFpEF (59.06 [40.00; 75.85] ng/ml) than in HFrEF (49.15 [38.20; 64.89] ng/ml). Concentrations of sgp130 were not significantly different. In patients with HFrEF, positive correlations were found between the concentrations of IL-6 and hsCRP, IL-6 and rIL-6R, and IL-6 and sgp130, while in patients with HFpEF, there was a correlation only between IL-6 and hsCRP, which appeared stronger than in patients with HFrEF (r=0.698; p<0.001 and r=0.297; p<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION Classical IL-6 signaling and trans-signaling are expressed to different degrees in patients with HFrEF and HFpEF in ADHF. The results of the study supplement the existing knowledge about the pathogenesis of inflammation in CHF and may contribute to the development of new methods and approaches to the treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Samoilova
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow
| | - A А Korotaeva
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow
| | - I V Zhirov
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow
| | - Yu O Aksenova
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow
| | - S N Nasonova
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow
| | - S N Tereschenko
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow
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10
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González-Castro TB, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Juárez-Rojop IE, Hernández-Díaz Y, López-Narváez ML, Ortiz-Ojeda RF. Effects of IL-6/IL-6R axis alterations in serum, plasma and cerebrospinal fluid with the schizophrenia: an updated review and meta-analysis of 58 studies. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:525-537. [PMID: 37103677 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Studies investigating the association between IL-6/IL-6R axis and schizophrenia (SZ) susceptibility found inconsistent data. To reconcile the results, a systematic review followed by a meta-analysis was performed to assess the associations. This study followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A comprehensive search of the literature was carried out in July 2022 using electronic databases PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, PsychInfo, and Scopus. Study quality was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Pooled standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by fixed-effect or random-effect model analysis. Fifty-eight studies were identified, including 4,200 SZ patients and 4,531 controls. Our meta-analysis results showed an increase of IL-6 levels in plasma, serum, or CSF and decreased IL-6R levels in serum in patients under treatment. Further studies are needed to better elucidate the correlation between the IL-6/IL-6R axis and the schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thelma Beatriz González-Castro
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, México
| | - Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco, Tabasco, México
| | - Isela Esther Juárez-Rojop
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - Yazmín Hernández-Díaz
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, México.
| | | | - Rosa Felicita Ortiz-Ojeda
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Jalpa de Méndez, Tabasco, México
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11
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Jin L, Diaz-Canestro C, Wang Y, Tse MA, Xu A. Exerkines and cardiometabolic benefits of exercise: from bench to clinic. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:432-444. [PMID: 38321233 PMCID: PMC10940599 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00027-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Regular exercise has both immediate and long-lasting benefits on cardiometabolic health, and has been recommended as a cornerstone of treatment in the management of diabetes and cardiovascular conditions. Exerkines, which are defined as humoral factors responsive to acute or chronic exercise, have emerged as important players conferring some of the multiple cardiometabolic benefits of exercise. Over the past decades, hundreds of exerkines released from skeletal muscle, heart, liver, adipose tissue, brain, and gut have been identified, and several exerkines (such as FGF21, IL-6, and adiponectin) have been exploited therapeutically as exercise mimetics for the treatment of various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Recent advances in metagenomics have led to the identification of gut microbiota, a so-called "hidden" metabolic organ, as an additional class of exerkines determining the efficacy of exercise in diabetes prevention, cardiac protection, and exercise performance. Furthermore, multiomics-based studies have shown the feasibility of using baseline exerkine signatures to predict individual responses to exercise with respect to metabolic and cardiorespiratory health. This review aims to explore the molecular pathways whereby exerkine networks mediate the cardiometabolic adaptations to exercise by fine-tuning inter-organ crosstalk, and discuss the roadmaps for translating exerkine-based discovery into the therapeutic application and personalized medicine in the management of the cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Candela Diaz-Canestro
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael Andrew Tse
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Sports and Exercise, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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12
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Zhang X, Wang J, Tan Y, Chen C, Tang S, Zhao S, Qin Q, Huang H, Duan S. Nanobodies in cytokine‑mediated immunotherapy and immunoimaging (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:12. [PMID: 38063273 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are the main regulators of innate and adaptive immunity, mediating communications between the cells of the immune system and regulating biological functions, including cell motility, differentiation, growth and apoptosis. Cytokines and cytokine receptors have been used in the treatment of tumors and autoimmune diseases, and to intervene in cytokine storms. Indeed, the use of monoclonal antibodies to block cytokine‑receptor interactions, as well as antibody‑cytokine fusion proteins has exhibited immense potential for the treatment of tumors and autoimmune diseases. Compared with these traditional types of antibodies, nanobodies not only maintain a high affinity and specificity, but also have the advantages of high thermal stability, a high capacity for chemical manipulation, low immunogenicity, good tissue permeability, rapid clearance and economic production. Thus, nanobodies have extensive potential for use in the diagnosis and treatment of cytokine‑related diseases. The present review summarizes the application of nanobodies in cytokine‑mediated immunotherapy and immunoimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Ying Tan
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Chaoting Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Shimei Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhong Qin
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Hansheng Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Siliang Duan
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
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13
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Kwon SJ, Khan MS, Kim SG. Intestinal Inflammation and Regeneration-Interdigitating Processes Controlled by Dietary Lipids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1311. [PMID: 38279309 PMCID: PMC10816399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a disease of chronic inflammatory conditions of the intestinal tract due to disturbance of the inflammation and immune system. Symptoms of IBD include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bleeding, reduced weight, and fatigue. In IBD, the immune system attacks the intestinal tract's inner wall, causing chronic inflammation and tissue damage. In particular, interlukin-6 and interlukin-17 act on immune cells, including T cells and macrophages, to amplify the immune responses so that tissue damage and morphological changes occur. Of note, excessive calorie intake and obesity also affect the immune system due to inflammation caused by lipotoxicity and changes in lipids supply. Similarly, individuals with IBD have alterations in liver function after sustained high-fat diet feeding. In addition, excess dietary fat intake, along with alterations in primary and secondary bile acids in the colon, can affect the onset and progression of IBD because inflammatory cytokines contribute to insulin resistance; the factors include the release of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and changes in intestinal microflora, which may also contribute to disease progression. However, interfering with de novo fatty acid synthase by deleting the enzyme acetyl-CoA-carboxylase 1 in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) leads to the deficiency of epithelial crypt structures and tissue regeneration, which seems to be due to Lgr5+ intestinal stem cell function. Thus, conflicting reports exist regarding high-fat diet effects on IBD animal models. This review will focus on the pathological basis of the link between dietary lipids intake and IBD and will cover the currently available pharmacological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sang Geon Kim
- Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (S.J.K.); (M.S.K.)
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14
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Bi Y, Zhu Y, Tang S. Therapeutic Potential of Downregulated Interleukin-6 Signaling for the Treatment of Chronic Pain: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Pain Res 2023; 16:4317-4328. [PMID: 38145035 PMCID: PMC10743722 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s424086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction While numerous studies have emphasized the pivotal involvement of the Interleukin 6 (IL-6) pathway in the development of chronic pain, the causal nature of this relationship remains uncertain. Methods In this study, we opted to include genetic variants situated within the locus of the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) that exhibited associations with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. CRP serves as a downstream effector in the IL-6 pathway. Utilizing these variants as genetic proxies, we aimed to modulate IL-6 signaling. Employing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, we investigated the potential link between the genetic proxy and seven distinct subtypes of chronic pain, categorized based on their corresponding body locations. Moreover, we examined the relationship between chronic pain and an alternative instrument of IL-6 signaling that was weighted based on s-IL-6R levels. Furthermore, we conducted exploratory analyses to estimate the plausible causal association between CRP, gp130, and the subtypes of chronic pain. Results Our analysis showed that genetic proxied downregulation of IL-6 signaling, weighted on CRP levels, was linked to a reduced risk of chronic back and knee pain. The sensitivity analyses across various MR methods confirmed the consistency of the findings and showed no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity. Moreover, the results remained robust with different sets of instrument variables. A genetically increased level of s-IL-6R was also negatively associated with chronic back and knee pain. However, there was no causal relationship between CRP and gp130 with chronic pain. Conclusion Based on our findings, there is evidence to suggest a potential causal relationship between IL-6 signaling and chronic back and knee pain. Consequently, the downregulation of IL-6 signaling holds promise as a potential therapeutic target for addressing chronic back and knee pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodan Bi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingchao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Wu Z, Zhang T, Ma X, Guo S, Zhou Q, Zahoor A, Deng G. Recent advances in anti-inflammatory active components and action mechanisms of natural medicines. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:2901-2937. [PMID: 37947913 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a series of reactions caused by the body's resistance to external biological stimuli. Inflammation affects the occurrence and development of many diseases. Anti-inflammatory drugs have been used widely to treat inflammatory diseases, but long-term use can cause toxic side-effects and affect human functions. As immunomodulators with long-term conditioning effects and no drug residues, natural products are being investigated increasingly for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In this review, we focus on the inflammatory process and cellular mechanisms in the development of diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, and coronavirus disease-2019. Also, we focus on three signaling pathways (Nuclear factor-kappa B, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription-3) to explain the anti-inflammatory effect of natural products. In addition, we also classified common natural products based on secondary metabolites and explained the association between current bidirectional prediction progress of natural product targets and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Wu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agriculture University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Arshad Zahoor
- College of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ganzhen Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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16
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Su R, Zhuang J, Liu S, Liu D, Feng K. EnILs: A General Ensemble Computational Approach for Predicting Inducing Peptides of Multiple Interleukins. J Comput Biol 2023; 30:1289-1304. [PMID: 38010531 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2023.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukins (ILs) are a group of multifunctional cytokines, which play important roles in immune regulations and inflammatory responses. Recently, IL-6 has been found to affect the development of COVID-19, and significantly elevated levels of IL-6 cytokines have been reported in patients with severe COVID-19. IL-10 and IL-17 are anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokines, respectively, which play multiple protective roles in host defense against pathogens. At present, a number of machine learning methods have been proposed to predict ILs inducing peptides, but their predictive performance needs to be further improved, and the inducing peptides of different ILs are predicted separately, rather than using a general approach. In our work, we combine the statistical features of peptide sequence with word embedding to design a general ensemble model named EnILs to predict inducing peptides of different ILs, in which the predictive probabilities of random forest, eXtreme Gradient Boosting and neural network are integrated in an average way. Compared with the state-of-the-art machine learning methods, EnILs shows considerable performance in the prediction of IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17 inducing peptides. In addition, we predict the most promising IL-6 inducing peptides in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 spike protein in the case study for further experimental verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Su
- Department of Statistics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jujuan Zhuang
- Department of Statistics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuhan Liu
- Department of Statistics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Information Science and Technology College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Kexin Feng
- Department of Statistics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Sellin ML, Klinder A, Bergschmidt P, Bader R, Jonitz-Heincke A. IL-6-induced response of human osteoblasts from patients with rheumatoid arthritis after inhibition of the signaling pathway. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:3479-3499. [PMID: 37280473 PMCID: PMC10618393 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL-) 6 is a critical factor in inflammatory processes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This is of high interest as the progression of RA may lead to the implantation of joint endoprostheses, which is associated with a pro-inflammatory increase in IL-6 in the periprosthetic tissue. Biological agents such as sarilumab have been developed to inhibit IL-6-mediated signaling. However, IL-6 signaling blockade should consider the inhibition of inflammatory processes and the regenerative functions of IL-6. This in vitro study investigated whether inhibiting IL-6 receptors can affect the differentiation of osteoblasts isolated from patients with RA. Since wear particles can be generated at the articular surfaces of endoprostheses leading to osteolysis and implant loosening, the potential of sarilumab to inhibit wear particle-induced pro-inflammatory processes should be investigated. Both in monocultures and indirect co-cultures with osteoclast-like cells (OLCs), human osteoblasts were stimulated with 50 ng/mL each of IL-6 + sIL-6R and in combination with sarilumab (250 nM) to characterize cell viability and osteogenic differentiation capacity. Furthermore, the influence of IL-6 + sIL-6R or sarilumab on viability, differentiation, and inflammation was evaluated in osteoblasts exposed to particles. Stimulation with IL-6 + sIL-6R and sarilumab did not affect cell viability. Except for the significant induction of RUNX2 mRNA by IL-6 + sIL-6R and a significant reduction with sarilumab, no effects on cell differentiation and mineralization could be detected. Furthermore, the different stimulations did not affect the osteogenic and osteoclastic differentiation of co-cultured cells. Compared to the osteoblastic monocultures, a decreased release of IL-8 was triggered in the co-culture. Among these, treatment with sarilumab alone resulted in the greatest reduction of IL-8. The co-culture also showed clearly increased OPN concentrations than the respective monocultures, with OPN secretion apparently triggered by the OLCs. Particle exposure demonstrated decreased osteogenic differentiation using different treatment strategies. However, sarilumab administration caused a trend toward a decrease in IL-8 production after stimulation with IL-6 + sIL-6R. The blockade of IL-6 and its pathway have no significant effect on the osteogenic and osteoclastic differentiation of bone cells derived from patients with RA. Nonetheless, observed effects on the reduced IL-8 secretion need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Luise Sellin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, Rostock University Medical Center, Doberaner Strasse 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Annett Klinder
- Department of Orthopaedics, Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, Rostock University Medical Center, Doberaner Strasse 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Philipp Bergschmidt
- Department of Orthopaedics, Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, Rostock University Medical Center, Doberaner Strasse 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany
- Department for Orthopaedic Surgery, Trauma Surgery and Hand Surgery, Suedstadt Hospital Rostock, Suedring 81, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Rainer Bader
- Department of Orthopaedics, Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, Rostock University Medical Center, Doberaner Strasse 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anika Jonitz-Heincke
- Department of Orthopaedics, Research Laboratory for Biomechanics and Implant Technology, Rostock University Medical Center, Doberaner Strasse 142, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
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Jiang X, Chen X. Endometrial cell‑derived exosomes facilitate the development of adenomyosis via the IL‑6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:526. [PMID: 37869633 PMCID: PMC10587878 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-6 upregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis, but the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Exosomes mediate intercellular communication, therefore the present study investigated whether endometrial cell-derived exosomes mediated the crosstalk between the endometrium and the myometrium via IL-6 signaling. Primary adenomyotic myometrial (AM) cells and eutopic endometrial cells were isolated from patients with adenomyosis. Exosomes were obtained from endometrial cells and incubated with AM cells in the presence or absence of tocilizumab (an IL-6 inhibitor). MTT, flow cytometry and wound-healing assays were performed to examine AM cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle distribution and migration. Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR were conducted to determine the expression of the IL-6/Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/STAT3 pathway proteins. Incubation with endometrial cell exosomes suppressed cell apoptosis of AM cells compared with controls, accompanied by increases in IL-6 production and JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation. Endometrial cell exosomes promoted cell proliferation, increased the percentage of S-phase cells and enhanced the migration of AM cells. These effects were completely reversed by tocilizumab, along with substantial decreases in IL-6 production and JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation. Endometrial cell-derived exosomes promote cell proliferation, migration and cell cycle transition of AM cells through IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 activation, facilitating the development of adenomyosis by mediating the crosstalk between the endometrium and the myometrium, and IL-6 targeted therapy could be a complementary approach against adenomyosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchan Jiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510699, P.R. China
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19
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Gesiorowski A, Ettich J, Werner J, Wittich C, Pieper S, Padrini G, Behnke K, Floss DM, Lang PA, Moll JM, Scheller J. Bispecific soluble cytokine receptor-nanobody fusions inhibit Interleukin (IL-)6 trans-signaling and IL-12/23 or tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105343. [PMID: 37838173 PMCID: PMC10652096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
At least 0.5% of people in the Western world develop inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While antibodies that block tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α and Interleukin (IL-)23 have been approved for the treatment of IBD, IL-6 antibodies failed in the phase II clinical trial due to non-tolerable side effects. However, two clinical phase II studies suggest that inhibiting IL-6/soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R)-induced trans-signaling via the cytokine receptor gp130 benefit IBD patients with fewer adverse events. Here we develop inhibitors targeting a combination of IL-6/sIL-6R and TNF or IL-12/IL-23 signaling, named cs130-TNFVHHFc and cs130-IL-12/23VHHFc. Surface plasmon resonance experiments showed that recombinant cs130-TNFVHHFc and cs130-IL-12/23VHHFc bind with high affinity to IL-6/sIL-6R complexes and human TNFα (hTNFα) or IL-12/IL-23, respectively. Immunoprecipitation experiments have verified the higher ordered complex formation of the inhibitors with IL-6/sIL-6R and IL-12. We demonstrated that cs130-TNFVHHFc and cs130-IL-12/23VHHFc block IL-6/sIL-6R trans-signaling-induced proliferation and STAT3 phosphorylation of Ba/F3-gp130 cells, as well as hTNFα- or IL-23-induced signaling, respectively. In conclusion, cs130-TNFVHHFc and cs130-IL-12/23VHHFc represent a class of dimeric and bispecific chimeric cytokine inhibitors that consist of a soluble cytokine receptor fused to anti-cytokine nanobodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Gesiorowski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Ettich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Werner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Wittich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Pieper
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Giacomo Padrini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kristina Behnke
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Doreen M Floss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp A Lang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens M Moll
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; PROvendis GmbH, Muelheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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20
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Hildenbrand K, Bohnacker S, Menon PR, Kerle A, Prodjinotho UF, Hartung F, Strasser PC, Catici DA, Rührnößl F, Haslbeck M, Schumann K, Müller SI, da Costa CP, Esser-von Bieren J, Feige MJ. Human interleukin-12α and EBI3 are cytokines with anti-inflammatory functions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg6874. [PMID: 37878703 PMCID: PMC10599630 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg6874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Interleukins are secreted proteins that regulate immune responses. Among these, the interleukin 12 (IL-12) family holds a central position in inflammatory and infectious diseases. Each family member consists of an α and a β subunit that together form a composite cytokine. Within the IL-12 family, IL-35 remains particularly ill-characterized on a molecular level despite its key role in autoimmune diseases and cancer. Here we show that both IL-35 subunits, IL-12α and EBI3, mutually promote their secretion from cells but are not necessarily secreted as a heterodimer. Our data demonstrate that IL-12α and EBI3 are stable proteins in isolation that act as anti-inflammatory molecules. Both reduce secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and induce the development of regulatory T cells. Together, our study reveals IL-12α and EBI3, the subunits of IL-35, to be functionally active anti-inflammatory immune molecules on their own. This extends our understanding of the human cytokine repertoire as a basis for immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Hildenbrand
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Bioscience, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Sina Bohnacker
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Priyanka Rajeev Menon
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Bioscience, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Anna Kerle
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Bioscience, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Ulrich F. Prodjinotho
- Institute for Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Center for Global Health, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Franziska Hartung
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Patrick C. Strasser
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Bioscience, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Dragana A. M. Catici
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Bioscience, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Florian Rührnößl
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Bioscience, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Martin Haslbeck
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Bioscience, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schumann
- Institute for Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie I. Müller
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Bioscience, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Clarissa Prazeres da Costa
- Institute for Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Center for Global Health, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection and Research (DZIF), partner site Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Esser-von Bieren
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, 80802 Munich, Germany
- Department of Immunobiology, Université de Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Matthias J. Feige
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Department of Bioscience, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
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21
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Di Spigna G, Spalletti Cernia D, Covelli B, Vargas M, Rubino V, Iacovazzo C, Napolitano F, Postiglione L. Interleukin-6 and Its Soluble Receptor Complex in Intensive Care Unit COVID-19 Patients: An Analysis of Second Wave Patients. Pathogens 2023; 12:1264. [PMID: 37887780 PMCID: PMC10610043 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12101264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, a SARS-CoV-2 virus, coined Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), discovered in Wuhan, China, affected the global population, causing more than a million and a half deaths. Since then, many studies have shown that the hyperinflammatory response of the most severely affected patients was primarily related to a higher concentration of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6, which directly correlated with disease severity and high mortality. Our study analyzes IL-6 and its soluble receptor complex (sIL-6R and sgp130) in critically ill COVID-19 patients who suffered severe respiratory failure from the perspective of the second COVID wave of 2020. A chemiluminescent immunoassay was performed for the determination of IL6 in serum together with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect serum levels of sIL-6R and sgp130, which confirmed that the second wave's serum levels of IL-6 were significantly elevated in the more severe patients, as with the first 2019 COVID-19 wave, resulting in adverse clinical outcomes. At present, considering that no specific treatment for severe COVID-19 cases in its later stages exists, these molecules could be considered promising markers for disease progression, illness severity, and risk of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Di Spigna
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.D.S.); (D.S.C.); (V.R.); (F.N.); (L.P.)
| | - Daniela Spalletti Cernia
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.D.S.); (D.S.C.); (V.R.); (F.N.); (L.P.)
| | - Bianca Covelli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.D.S.); (D.S.C.); (V.R.); (F.N.); (L.P.)
| | - Maria Vargas
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (C.I.)
| | - Valentina Rubino
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.D.S.); (D.S.C.); (V.R.); (F.N.); (L.P.)
| | - Carmine Iacovazzo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (C.I.)
| | - Filomena Napolitano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.D.S.); (D.S.C.); (V.R.); (F.N.); (L.P.)
| | - Loredana Postiglione
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.D.S.); (D.S.C.); (V.R.); (F.N.); (L.P.)
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.V.); (C.I.)
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
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22
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Sui C, Lee W. Role of interleukin 6 and its soluble receptor on the diffusion barrier dysfunction of alveolar tissue. Biomed Microdevices 2023; 25:40. [PMID: 37851124 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-023-00680-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
During respiratory infection, barrier dysfunction in alveolar tissue can result from "cytokine storm" caused by overly reactive immune response. Particularly, interleukin 6 (IL-6) is implicated as a key biomarker of cytokine storm responsible for and further progression to pulmonary edema. In this study, alveolar-like tissue was reconstructed in a microfluidic device with: (1) human microvascular lung endothelial cells (HULEC-5a) cultured under flow-induced shear stress and (2) human epithelial cells (Calu-3) cultured at air-liquid interface. The effects of IL-6 and the soluble form of its receptor (sIL-6R) on the permeability, electrical resistance, and morphology of the endothelial and epithelial layers were evaluated. The diffusion barrier properties of both the endothelial and epithelial layers were significantly degraded only when IL-6 treatment was combined with sIL-6R. As suggested by recent review and clinical studies, our results provide unequivocal evidence that the barrier dysfunction occurs through trans-signaling in which IL-6 and sIL-6R form a complex and then bind to the surface of endothelial and epithelial cells, but not by classical signaling in which IL-6 binds to membrane-expressed IL-6 receptor. This finding suggests that the role of both IL-6 and sIL-6R should be considered as important biomarkers in developing strategies for treating cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sui
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point On Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, USA
| | - Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point On Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point On Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, USA.
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23
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Edsfeldt A, Gonçalves I, Vigren I, Jovanović A, Engström G, Shore AC, Natali A, Khan F, Nilsson J. Circulating soluble IL-6 receptor associates with plaque inflammation but not with atherosclerosis severity and cardiovascular risk. Vascul Pharmacol 2023; 152:107214. [PMID: 37634789 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2023.107214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The residual cardiovascular risk in subjects receiving guideline-recommended therapy is related to persistent vascular inflammation and IL-6 represents a target for its treatment. IL-6 binds to receptors on leukocytes and hepatocytes and/or by forming complexes with soluble IL-6 receptors (sIL-6R) binding to gp130 which is present on all cells. Here we aimed to estimate the associations of these two pathways with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS IL-6 and sIL-6R were analyzed using the proximity extension assay. Baseline plasma samples were obtained from participants in the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) study (n = 4661), the SUMMIT VIP study (n = 1438) and the Carotid Plaque Imaging Project (CPIP, n = 285). Incident clinical events were obtained through national registers. Plaques removed at surgery were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and biochemical methods. RESULTS During 23.1 ± 7.0 years follow-up, 575 subjects in the MDC cohort suffered a first myocardial infarction. Subjects in the highest tertile of IL-6 had an increased risk compared to the lowest tertile (HR and 95% CI 2.60 [2.08-3.25]). High plasma IL-6 was also associated with more atherosclerosis, increased arterial stiffness, and impaired endothelial function in SUMMIT VIP, but IL-6 was only weakly associated with plaque inflammation in CPIP. sIL-6R showed no independent association with risk of myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis severity or vascular function, but was associated with plaque inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that sIL-6R is a poor marker of CVD risk and associated vascular changes. However, the observation that sIL-6R reflects plaque inflammation highlights the complexity of the role of IL-6 in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Edsfeldt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Isabel Gonçalves
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Isa Vigren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Anja Jovanović
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Angela C Shore
- Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, University of Exeter Medical School and NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, Exeter, UK
| | - Andrea Natali
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Faisel Khan
- Division of Systems Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Jan Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden.
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24
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Zhu Y, Wang L, Liu R, Ding X, Yin S, Chen Y, Zhu C, Wang Z, Li W. Inhibition of PRMT1 alleviates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in mice by blocking the TGF-β1 and IL-6 trans-signaling pathways. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:1859-1873. [PMID: 37525933 PMCID: PMC10549220 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SI-AKI) causes renal dysfunction and has a high mortality rate. Protein arginine methyltransferase-1 (PRMT1) is a key regulator of renal insufficiency. In the present study, we explored the potential involvement of PRMT1 in SI-AKI. A murine model of SI-AKI was induced by cecal ligation and perforation. The expression and localization of PRMT1 and molecules involved in the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad3 and interleukin (IL)-6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways were detected in mouse kidney tissues by western blot analysis, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. The association of PRMT1 with downstream molecules of the TGF-β1/Smad3 and IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathways was further verified in vitro in mouse renal tubular epithelial cells. Cecal ligation and perforation caused epithelial-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, and inflammation in renal tissues, and this was alleviated by inhibition of PRMT1. Inhibition of PRMT1 in SI-AKI mice decreased the expression of TGF-β1 and phosphorylation of Smad3 in the renal cortex, and downregulated the expression of soluble IL-6R and phosphorylation of STAT3 in the medulla. Knockdown of PRMT1 in mouse renal tubular epithelial cells restricted the expression of Cox-2, E-cadherin, Pro-caspase3, and phosphorylated Smad3 (involved in the TGF-β1-mediated signaling pathway), and also blocked IL-6/soluble IL-6R, inducing the expression of Cox-2 and phosphorylated-STAT3. In conclusion, our findings suggest that inhibition of PRMT1 mitigates SI-AKI by inactivating the TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway in the cortex and the IL-6/STAT3 pathway in the medulla. Our findings may aid in the identification of potential therapeutic target molecules for SI-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Nephrology Department, Shenzhen HospitalUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Guangming)ShenzhenChina
| | - Longmei Wang
- Department of Infectious DiseasesEnze Medical CenterLinhaiChina
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Infectious and Tropical DiseasesThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease ControlHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | | | - Song Yin
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
- Wannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Yuankun Chen
- Department of Infectious and Tropical DiseasesThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease ControlHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Chuanlong Zhu
- Department of Infectious and Tropical DiseasesThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
- Department of Infectious DiseaseThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityChina
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical MedicinePeople's Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityChina
| | - Wenting Li
- Department of Infectious and Tropical DiseasesThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease ControlHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
- Department of Infectious DiseaseThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
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25
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Nenu I, Toadere TM, Topor I, Țichindeleanu A, Bondor DA, Trella ȘE, Sparchez Z, Filip GA. Interleukin-6 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Dualistic Point of View. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2623. [PMID: 37892997 PMCID: PMC10603956 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a pressing health concern, demanding a deep understanding of various mediators' roles in its development for therapeutic progress. Notably, interleukin-6 (IL-6) has taken center stage in investigations due to its intricate and context-dependent functions. This review delves into the dual nature of IL-6 in HCC, exploring its seemingly contradictory roles as both a promoter and an inhibitor of disease progression. We dissect the pro-tumorigenic effects of IL-6, including its impact on tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Concurrently, we examine its anti-tumorigenic attributes, such as its role in immune response activation, cellular senescence induction, and tumor surveillance. Through a comprehensive exploration of the intricate interactions between IL-6 and the tumor microenvironment, this review highlights the need for a nuanced comprehension of IL-6 signaling in HCC. It underscores the importance of tailored therapeutic strategies that consider the dynamic stages and diverse surroundings within the tumor microenvironment. Future research directions aimed at unraveling the multifaceted mechanisms of IL-6 in HCC hold promise for developing more effective treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliana Nenu
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Prof. Dr. O. Fodor" Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Teodora Maria Toadere
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Topor
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andra Țichindeleanu
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela Andreea Bondor
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Șerban Ellias Trella
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Zeno Sparchez
- Department of Gastroenterology, "Prof. Dr. O. Fodor" Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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26
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Song M, Wang Y, Annex BH, Popel AS. Experiment-based computational model predicts that IL-6 classic and trans-signaling exhibit similar potency in inducing downstream signaling in endothelial cells. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2023; 9:45. [PMID: 37735165 PMCID: PMC10514195 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-023-00308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokine mediated responses are important in the development of many diseases that are associated with angiogenesis. Targeting angiogenesis as a prominent strategy has shown limited effects in many contexts such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. One potential reason for the unsuccessful outcome is the mutual dependent role between inflammation and angiogenesis. Inflammation-based therapies primarily target inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) in T cells, macrophages, cancer cells, and muscle cells, and there is a limited understanding of how these cytokines act on endothelial cells. Thus, we focus on one of the major inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, mediated intracellular signaling in endothelial cells by developing a detailed computational model. Our model quantitatively characterized the effects of IL-6 classic and trans-signaling in activating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling to phosphorylate STAT3, extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt, respectively. We applied the trained and validated experiment-based computational model to characterize the dynamics of phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3), Akt (pAkt), and ERK (pERK) in response to IL-6 classic and/or trans-signaling. The model predicts that IL-6 classic and trans-signaling induced responses are IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) dose-dependent. Also, IL-6 classic and trans-signaling showed similar potency in inducing downstream signaling; however, trans-signaling induces stronger downstream responses and plays a dominant role in the overall effects from IL-6 due to the in vitro experimental setting of abundant sIL-6R. In addition, both IL-6 and sIL-6R levels regulate signaling strength. Moreover, our model identifies the influential species and kinetic parameters that specifically modulate the downstream inflammatory and/or angiogenic signals, pSTAT3, pAkt, and pERK responses. Overall, the model predicts the effects of IL-6 classic and/or trans-signaling stimulation quantitatively and provides a framework for analyzing and integrating experimental data. More broadly, this model can be utilized to identify potential targets that influence IL-6 mediated signaling in endothelial cells and to study their effects quantitatively in modulating STAT3, Akt, and ERK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Youli Wang
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Brian H Annex
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Aleksander S Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Amer MF, Mohamed A, Ismail A, Bayoumi LA, Shibel PEE, Elnaggar GN. Possible Role of IL-6R/STAT3/MiRNA-34a Feedback Loop in Osteosarcoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:3269-3274. [PMID: 37774081 PMCID: PMC10762735 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.9.3269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteosarcoma is considered the most common primary malignant tumor that develops from the primary osteoblasts. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that play a key role in tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to detect the possible relationship between expression levels of miRNA-34a and levels of Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) in osteosarcoma and the possible role of this relationship in development of metastases in these patients. METHODS A total of thirty-six (36) bone samples were included in the study. They were divided into 3 groups: Group (I): Twelve normal bone samples as control group. Group (II): Twelve patients with non-metastatic osteosarcoma. Group (III): Twelve patients with metastatic osteosarcoma. MiRNA-34a expression levels were estimated using qRT-PCR. STAT3 and IL-6R levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Expression level of miRNA-34a was downregulated in osteosarcoma groups compared to control group. STAT3 and IL-6R levels were upregulated in osteosarcoma groups compared to control group. This difference in expression levels was found to be more significant in the metastatic group than the non-metastatic one (P<0.001 each). There was a significant positive correlation between STAT3 and IL-6R (r=0.868, P<0.001), and a significant inverse correlation between IL6 and miRNA-34a (r=-0.993, P<0.001). CONCLUSION miRNA-34a, STAT3 and IL-6R feedback loop could be a potential target for treatment of osteosarcoma and can be used as prognostic indicator for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Fathy Amer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abbas Mohamed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abeer Ismail
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Lamiaa Ali Bayoumi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | - Ghada Nabil Elnaggar
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Du X, Liu Z, Tao X, Mei Y, Zhou D, Cheng K, Gao S, Shi H, Song C, Zhang X. Research Progress on the Pathogenesis of Knee Osteoarthritis. Orthop Surg 2023; 15:2213-2224. [PMID: 37435789 PMCID: PMC10475681 DOI: 10.1111/os.13809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic joint bone disease characterized by inflammatory destruction and hyperplasia of bone. Its main clinical symptoms are joint mobility difficulties and pain, severe cases can lead to limb paralysis, which poses major pressure to the quality of life and mental health of patients, but also brings serious economic burden to society. The occurrence and development of KOA is influenced by many factors, including systemic factors and local factors. The joint biomechanical changes caused by aging, trauma and obesity, abnormal bone metabolism caused by metabolic syndrome, the effects of cytokines and related enzymes, genetic and biochemical abnormalities caused by plasma adiponectin, etc. all directly or indirectly lead to the occurrence of KOA. However, there is little literature that systematically and comprehensively integrates macro- and microscopic KOA pathogenesis. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively and systematically summarize the pathogenesis of KOA in order to provide a better theoretical basis for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Du
- Center for Phenomics of Traditional Chinese MedicineThe Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Zi‐yu Liu
- Center for Phenomics of Traditional Chinese MedicineThe Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Xing‐xing Tao
- Center for Phenomics of Traditional Chinese MedicineThe Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Yong‐liang Mei
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone‐setting)The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Da‐qian Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone‐setting)The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Kang Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone‐setting)The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Si‐long Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone‐setting)The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Hou‐yin Shi
- Medical DepartmentThe Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone‐setting)The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐min Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (Trauma and Bone‐setting)The Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouChina
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Farì G, Megna M, Scacco S, Ranieri M, Raele MV, Noya EC, Macchiarola D, Bianchi FP, Carati D, Gnoni A, Inchingolo AD, Qorri E, Scarano A, Scacco A, Arrigoni R, Rapone B. Effects of Terpenes on the Osteoarthritis Cytokine Profile by Modulation of IL-6: Double Face versus Dark Knight? BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1061. [PMID: 37626947 PMCID: PMC10452224 DOI: 10.3390/biology12081061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemp seed oil and terpenes are emerging as a dietary supplement and complementary therapy for patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, the mechanisms and effects induced by these molecules on inflammatory cytokines are not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the cytokine IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α levels from two oral hemp seed oil-based dietary supplements, of which only one included the addition of terpenes, in a population of KOA patients. METHODS Sera from venous blood samples were collected from thirty-eight patients who were divided into two subgroups. The control group underwent a 45-day treatment with a dietary supplement containing only hemp seed oil, while the treatment group assumed a hemp seed oil and terpene-based dietary supplement for the same number of days. A Bio-Plex Human Cytokine assay was performed by a customized human cytokine five-plex panel for IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α. Patients were evaluated before the beginning of the treatment (T0) and soon after it (T1). RESULTS No measurable levels of IL-2 and TNF-α were found in any of the subjects. Low levels of IL-1β were found, which were significantly decreased in the treatment group. No change in IL-1α levels was observed, while treated patients had a significant increase in IL-6 levels. CONCLUSIONS Hemp seed oil and terpene treatment modified the IL-1β and IL-6 levels, counteracting KOA inflammation in this way. In this study, IL-6 revealed its new and alternative action, since it is traditionally known as a pro-inflammatory factor, but it recently has been found to have anti-inflammatory activity in the muscle-derived form, which is the one it assumes as a myokine when activated by terpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Farì
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.R.); (E.C.N.); (D.M.); (A.G.)
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, Piazza Tancredi 7, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Marisa Megna
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.R.); (E.C.N.); (D.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Salvatore Scacco
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.R.); (E.C.N.); (D.M.); (A.G.)
- Mater Dei Hospital C.B.H., 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ranieri
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.R.); (E.C.N.); (D.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Maria Vittoria Raele
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.R.); (E.C.N.); (D.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Enrica Chiaia Noya
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.R.); (E.C.N.); (D.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Dario Macchiarola
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.R.); (E.C.N.); (D.M.); (A.G.)
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Francesco Paolo Bianchi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (F.P.B.); (A.D.I.); (B.R.)
| | - Davide Carati
- Ansce Bio Generic, 73020 Carpignano Salentino, Italy;
| | - Antonio Gnoni
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.); (M.R.); (M.V.R.); (E.C.N.); (D.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (F.P.B.); (A.D.I.); (B.R.)
| | - Erda Qorri
- Dean Faculty of Medical Sciences, Albanian University, Bulevardi Zogu I, 1001 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Antonio Scarano
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Antonio Scacco
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Roberto Arrigoni
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Biagio Rapone
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (F.P.B.); (A.D.I.); (B.R.)
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Song L, Xu R, Cai W, Liang J, Cao N, Gao J, Tang X. IL-6 upregulates the expression of IL-6R through the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway to promote progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Scand J Immunol 2023; 98:e13271. [PMID: 38441314 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) involves multifactor, multistep interactions. High expression of interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumours, but the regulatory mechanism of IL-6R expression and its function in HCC have not been fully defined. Western blot was used to evaluate the phosphorylation of key kinases in the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and the protein expression levels of related proliferation molecules, migration molecules and apoptotic molecules. The antiapoptosis, migration and proliferation of cells of each group were analysed with JC-1 to judge the cell apoptosis rate, the EdU method to determine the proliferation vitality of the cells, clone formation experiments and Transwell experiments. High expression of IL-6R in cell lines, lower protein levels of the apoptotic molecules c-Caspase7 and c-Caspase3 and higher protein levels of the proliferative molecules p-P70S6K and migration molecules MMP9 and MMP2 were consistent with stronger antiapoptosis, proliferation and migration. Interestingly, IL-6 upregulated the expression of IL-6R by activating the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. Also, the expression of IL-6R protein was downregulated after lentivirus knockdown of STAT3. In nude mice bearing subcutaneous tumours, upregulation of IL-6R expression after activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway by IL-6 significantly increased tumour growth. Moreover, the expression of IL-6R protein was downregulated, and the terminal tumour volume was significantly downregulated in the lentiviral STAT3 knockdown group. IL-6 regulated the transcription of IL-6R through the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Song
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, China
| | - Ruyue Xu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, China
| | - Wenpeng Cai
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, China
| | - Jiaojiao Liang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, China
| | - Niandie Cao
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Jiafeng Gao
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Wuhu), Wuhu, China
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Beaudoin JJ, Clemens L, Miedel MT, Gough A, Zaidi F, Ramamoorthy P, Wong KE, Sarangarajan R, Battista C, Shoda LKM, Siler SQ, Taylor DL, Howell BA, Vernetti LA, Yang K. The Combination of a Human Biomimetic Liver Microphysiology System with BIOLOGXsym, a Quantitative Systems Toxicology (QST) Modeling Platform for Macromolecules, Provides Mechanistic Understanding of Tocilizumab- and GGF2-Induced Liver Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119692. [PMID: 37298645 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Biologics address a range of unmet clinical needs, but the occurrence of biologics-induced liver injury remains a major challenge. Development of cimaglermin alfa (GGF2) was terminated due to transient elevations in serum aminotransferases and total bilirubin. Tocilizumab has been reported to induce transient aminotransferase elevations, requiring frequent monitoring. To evaluate the clinical risk of biologics-induced liver injury, a novel quantitative systems toxicology modeling platform, BIOLOGXsym™, representing relevant liver biochemistry and the mechanistic effects of biologics on liver pathophysiology, was developed in conjunction with clinically relevant data from a human biomimetic liver microphysiology system. Phenotypic and mechanistic toxicity data and metabolomics analysis from the Liver Acinus Microphysiology System showed that tocilizumab and GGF2 increased high mobility group box 1, indicating hepatic injury and stress. Tocilizumab exposure was associated with increased oxidative stress and extracellular/tissue remodeling, and GGF2 decreased bile acid secretion. BIOLOGXsym simulations, leveraging the in vivo exposure predicted by physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling and mechanistic toxicity data from the Liver Acinus Microphysiology System, reproduced the clinically observed liver signals of tocilizumab and GGF2, demonstrating that mechanistic toxicity data from microphysiology systems can be successfully integrated into a quantitative systems toxicology model to identify liabilities of biologics-induced liver injury and provide mechanistic insights into observed liver safety signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Beaudoin
- DILIsym Services Division, Simulations Plus Inc., Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Lara Clemens
- DILIsym Services Division, Simulations Plus Inc., Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Mark T Miedel
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Albert Gough
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Christina Battista
- DILIsym Services Division, Simulations Plus Inc., Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Lisl K M Shoda
- DILIsym Services Division, Simulations Plus Inc., Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Scott Q Siler
- DILIsym Services Division, Simulations Plus Inc., Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - D Lansing Taylor
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Brett A Howell
- DILIsym Services Division, Simulations Plus Inc., Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
| | - Lawrence A Vernetti
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Kyunghee Yang
- DILIsym Services Division, Simulations Plus Inc., Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA
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Wu O, Yuan C, Leng J, Zhang X, Liu W, Yang F, Zhang H, Li J, Khederzadeh S, Jiang Z, Fang H, Liu X, Lu X, Xia J. Colorable role of interleukin (IL)-6 in obesity hypertension: A hint from a Chinese adult case-control study. Cytokine 2023; 168:156226. [PMID: 37235887 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and hypertension are major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases that affect millions of people worldwide. Both conditions are associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, which is mediated by cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6). IL-6 is a multifunctional cytokine that can have pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects depending on the context. The exact role of IL-6 in obesity-associated hypertension is unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate how IL-6 affects blood pressure, inflammation, and metabolic function in obesity-hypertension using a Chinese adult case-control study. METHODS A total of 153 participants were sorted into four subgroups according to their body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP): normal healthy group (NH), just obesity group (JO), just-hypertension group (JH), and obesity-hypertension group (OH). Serum IL-6 concentrations were measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and their correlations with anthropometric and laboratory parameters and their differences across the subgroups were examined. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify the predictors of serum IL-6 concentrations in each group. RESULTS Serum IL-6 concentrations were higher in NH group than in JO group and correlated positively with diastolic blood pressure in NH and JO groups, but not in JH and OH groups. Serum IL-6 concentrations also correlated with albumin in NH group, alkaline phosphatase in JO group, serum creatinine and fasting blood glucose in JH group. The influencing factors of serum IL-6 concentrations varied among the four groups, with gender, diastolic blood pressure and albumin being significant predictors in NH group, alkaline phosphatase in JO group, age and serum creatinine in JH group, and none in OH group. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that IL-6 may play diverse effects in the pathogenesis of obesity- hypertension, depending on the presence or absence of obesity and hypertension. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of IL-6 signaling and function in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ou Wu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chengda Yuan
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | - Jianhang Leng
- Department of Central Laboratory/Medical examination center of Hangzhou, The Frist People's Hospital of Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- JFIntelligent Healthcare Technology Co. Ltd, Building No.5-7, No.699 Tianxiang Avenue, Hi-Tech Zone, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Fenfang Yang
- Department of Central Laboratory/Medical examination center of Hangzhou, The Frist People's Hospital of Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated with Medical College of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Saber Khederzadeh
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhizhi Jiang
- ZhaNongKou Street Community Health Service Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hangyan Fang
- Hangzhou Linping District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Hangzhou center for disease control and prevention, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Hangzhou Vocational and Technical College, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiangwei Xia
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing, China.
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Xia X, Yu H, Li Y, Liang Y, Li G, Huang F. Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Management of Psoriasis Complicated with Depression. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:1287-1301. [PMID: 37223217 PMCID: PMC10202145 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s413887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease, and the mechanism that links psoriasis to depression is still elusive. Hence, this study aimed to elucidate the potential pathogenesis of psoriasis and depression comorbidity. Methods The gene expression profiles of psoriasis (GSE34248, GSE78097 and GSE161683) and depression (GSE39653) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) DataSets. Functional annotation, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and module construction, and hub gene identification and co-expression analysis were performed, following identification of the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of psoriasis and depression. Results A total of 115 common DEGs (55 up-regulated and 60 down-regulated) were identified between psoriasis and depression. Functional analysis indicated that T cell activation and differentiation were predominantly implicated in the potential pathogenesis of these two diseases. In addition, Th17 cell differentiation and cytokines is closely related to both. Finally, 17 hub genes were screened, including CTLA4, LCK, ITK, IL7R, CD3D, SOCS1, IL4R, PRKCQ, SOCS3, IL23A, PDGFB, PAG1, TGFA, FGFR1, RELN, ITGB5 and TNXB, which re-emphasized the importance of the immune system in psoriasis and depression. Conclusion Our study reveals the common pathogenesis of psoriasis and depression. These common pathways and hub genes may apply to a molecular screening tool for depression in psoriasis patients, which could help dermatologists optimize patient management in routine care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichun Xia
- Department of Dermatology, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519050, People’s Republic of China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Health Science Center (School of Medicine), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanxiang Li
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Health Science Center (School of Medicine), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunting Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangqiang Li
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Health Science Center (School of Medicine), Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519050, People’s Republic of China
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Ulhaq ZS, Istifiani LA, Pamungkas SA. Evaluation of systemic IL-6 trans-signalling in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. J Fr Ophtalmol 2023:S0181-5512(23)00143-2. [PMID: 37095023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2022.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate systemic trans-signalling of interleukin (IL)-6 in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS Fifty-one POAG patients and 47 matched healthy controls were enrolled. Serum concentrations of IL-6, sIL-6R, and sgp130 were quantified. RESULTS Serum levels of IL-6, sIL-6R, and IL-6/sIL-6R ratios in the POAG group were significantly higher than those in control group, while only the sgp130/sIL-6R/IL-6 ratio was decreased. Among POAG subjects, advanced-stage patients exhibited significantly higher intraocular pressure (IOP), serum IL-6 and sgp130 levels, and IL-6/sIL-6R ratio than those in the early to moderate stage. The ROC curve analysis revealed that the IL-6 level and IL-6/sIL-6R ratio performed better than other parameters in diagnosing POAG and discriminating POAG severity. Serum IL-6 level was moderately correlated with IOP and C/D ratio, while a weak correlation was observed between sIL-6R levels with C/D ratio. IL-6 and sIL-6R levels were correlated with each other in POAG patients but not in healthy controls. CONCLUSION Overstimulation of systemic IL-6 trans-signalling has been implicated in POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z S Ulhaq
- Research Center for Pre-Clinical and Clinical Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Cibinong, Indonesia; Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology, Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - L A Istifiani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - S A Pamungkas
- Al-Falah Social Fund Foundation Clinic (YDSF), Malang, Indonesia
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Rafii P, Seibel C, Weitz HT, Ettich J, Minafra AR, Petzsch P, Lang A, Floss DM, Behnke K, Köhrer K, Moll JM, Scheller J. Cytokimera GIL-11 rescued IL-6R deficient mice from partial hepatectomy-induced death by signaling via non-natural gp130:LIFR:IL-11R complexes. Commun Biol 2023; 6:418. [PMID: 37061565 PMCID: PMC10105715 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04768-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
All except one cytokine of the Interleukin (IL-)6 family share glycoprotein (gp) 130 as the common β receptor chain. Whereas Interleukin (IL-)11 signal via the non-signaling IL-11 receptor (IL-11R) and gp130 homodimers, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) recruits gp130:LIF receptor (LIFR) heterodimers. Using IL-11 as a framework, we exchange the gp130-binding site III of IL-11 with the LIFR binding site III of LIF. The resulting synthetic cytokimera GIL-11 efficiently recruits the non-natural receptor signaling complex consisting of gp130, IL-11R and LIFR resulting in signal transduction and proliferation of factor-depending Ba/F3 cells. Besides LIF and IL-11, GIL-11 does not activate receptor complexes consisting of gp130:LIFR or gp130:IL-11R, respectively. Human GIL-11 shows cross-reactivity to mouse and rescued IL-6R-/- mice following partial hepatectomy, demonstrating gp130:IL-11R:LIFR signaling efficiently induced liver regeneration. With the development of the cytokimera GIL-11, we devise the functional assembly of the non-natural cytokine receptor complex of gp130:IL-11R:LIFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puyan Rafii
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christiane Seibel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hendrik T Weitz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Ettich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Rita Minafra
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Patrick Petzsch
- Biological and Medical Research Center (BMFZ), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Lang
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Doreen M Floss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kristina Behnke
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl Köhrer
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens M Moll
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Krizanac M, Mass Sanchez PB, Schröder SK, Weiskirchen R, Asimakopoulos A. Lipid-Independent Regulation of PLIN5 via IL-6 through the JAK/STAT3 Axis in Hep3B Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087219. [PMID: 37108378 PMCID: PMC10138877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Perilipin 5 (PLIN5) is a lipid droplet coat protein that is highly expressed in oxidative tissues such as those of muscles, the heart and the liver. PLIN5 expression is regulated by a family of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and modulated by the cellular lipid status. So far, research has focused on the role of PLIN5 in the context of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and specifically in lipid droplet formation and lipolysis, where PLIN5 serves as a regulator of lipid metabolism. In addition, there are only limited studies connecting PLIN5 to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), where PLIN5 expression is proven to be upregulated in hepatic tissue. Considering that HCC development is highly driven by cytokines present throughout NAFLD development and in the tumor microenvironment, we here explore the possible regulation of PLIN5 by cytokines known to be involved in HCC and NAFLD progression. We demonstrate that PLIN5 expression is strongly induced by interleukin-6 (IL-6) in a dose- and time-dependent manner in Hep3B cells. Moreover, IL-6-dependent PLIN5 upregulation is mediated by the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway, which can be blocked by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Furthermore, IL-6-mediated PLIN5 upregulation changes when IL-6 trans-signaling is stimulated through the addition of soluble IL-6R. In sum, this study sheds light on lipid-independent regulation of PLIN5 expression in the liver, making PLIN5 a crucial target for NAFLD-induced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinela Krizanac
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Paola Berenice Mass Sanchez
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sarah K Schröder
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Anastasia Asimakopoulos
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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Martinez GS, Ostadgavahi AT, Al-Rafat AM, Garduno A, Cusack R, Bermejo-Martin JF, Martin-Loeches I, Kelvin D. Model-interpreted outcomes of artificial neural networks classifying immune biomarkers associated with severe infections in ICU. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1137850. [PMID: 36969221 PMCID: PMC10034398 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1137850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionMillions of deaths worldwide are a result of sepsis (viral and bacterial) and septic shock syndromes which originate from microbial infections and cause a dysregulated host immune response. These diseases share both clinical and immunological patterns that involve a plethora of biomarkers that can be quantified and used to explain the severity level of the disease. Therefore, we hypothesize that the severity of sepsis and septic shock in patients is a function of the concentration of biomarkers of patients.MethodsIn our work, we quantified data from 30 biomarkers with direct immune function. We used distinct Feature Selection algorithms to isolate biomarkers to be fed into machine learning algorithms, whose mapping of the decision process would allow us to propose an early diagnostic tool.ResultsWe isolated two biomarkers, i.e., Programmed Death Ligand-1 and Myeloperoxidase, that were flagged by the interpretation of an Artificial Neural Network. The upregulation of both biomarkers was indicated as contributing to increase the severity level in sepsis (viral and bacterial induced) and septic shock patients.DiscussionIn conclusion, we built a function considering biomarker concentrations to explain severity among sepsis, sepsis COVID, and septic shock patients. The rules of this function include biomarkers with known medical, biological, and immunological activity, favoring the development of an early diagnosis system based in knowledge extracted from artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Sganzerla Martinez
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Izaak Walton Killan (IWK) Health Center, CCfV, Halifax, NS, Canada
- *Correspondence: David Kelvin, ; Gustavo Sganzerla Martinez,
| | - Ali Toloue Ostadgavahi
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Izaak Walton Killan (IWK) Health Center, CCfV, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Abdullah Mahmud Al-Rafat
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Izaak Walton Killan (IWK) Health Center, CCfV, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Alexis Garduno
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rachael Cusack
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jesus Francisco Bermejo-Martin
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León, Paseo de San Vicente, Salamanca, Spain
- Universidad de Salamanca, C. Alfonso X el Sabio, s/n, Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), CB22/06/00035, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Avenida de Monforte de Lemos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - David Kelvin
- Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Izaak Walton Killan (IWK) Health Center, CCfV, Halifax, NS, Canada
- *Correspondence: David Kelvin, ; Gustavo Sganzerla Martinez,
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Lu Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Huang Y, Liu X, Zhang S, Zhong S, Li Y, Li B, Sun J, Fang S, Zhou H. M1-Like Macrophages Modulate Fibrosis and Inflammation of Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves' Orbitopathy: Potential Relevance to Soluble Interleukin-6 Receptor. Thyroid 2023; 33:338-350. [PMID: 36617890 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2022.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background: Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is a disfiguring and sight-threatening autoimmune disease. Previous studies have shown the infiltration of macrophages in GO orbital connective tissues. However, the immunophenotypes of macrophages and their modulatory effects on orbital fibroblasts (OFs) have not been examined so far. In this study, we sought to determine the pathophysiology of macrophages in GO. Methods: In this case-control study, orbital connective tissues collected from 40 GO patients and 20 healthy controls were immunohistochemically stained for cytokines and macrophage cell surface antigens. The polarization of orbital-infiltrating macrophages was investigated by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. Effects of interleukin (IL)-6 combined with soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) on the proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation of different OF subsets were examined by CCK-8, Western blotting, and Luminex assays, respectively. The antigen-presenting abilities of different OF subsets under IL-6/sIL-6R signaling were studied by proteomics. Finally, the differentiation of CD8+ IL-17A-producing T cells by sIL-6R was tested. Results: GO orbital connective tissues displayed increased IL-6, sIL-6R, STAT3, and IL-17A levels. CD86+ M1-like macrophages were predominant in active GO patients, while stable GO patients tended to have more CD163+ M2-like macrophages. The expression of IL-6 was higher in M1-like macrophages, and the expression of transforming growth factor-β was higher in M2-like macrophages both in GO orbital connective tissues in situ in vivo and in cell culture system in vitro. The IL-6/sIL-6R stimulation promoted the fibrosis of both CD34+ and CD34- OFs. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression was also induced by IL-6/sIL-6R stimulation in both OF subsets. IL-6/sIL-6R stimulation enhanced the antigen processing of CD34+ OFs through upregulating the intact major histocompatibility complex I and antigen transporters. However, the protein expressions of the thyrotropin receptor and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor could not be directly increased by IL-6/sIL-6R stimulation in CD34+ OFs. Furthermore, sIL-6R was conducive to the differentiation of CD8+ IL-17A-producing T cells. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated the immunophenotypes of orbital-infiltrating macrophages that may activate OFs depending on the IL-6/sIL-6R signaling in GO. Our preclinical findings implicate, at least in part, the molecular rationale for blocking sIL-6R as a promising therapeutic agent for GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yazhuo Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingtong Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Sisi Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinwei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijie Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
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Song M, Wang Y, Annex BH, Popel AS. Experiment-based Computational Model Predicts that IL-6 Trans-Signaling Plays a Dominant Role in IL-6 mediated signaling in Endothelial Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.03.526721. [PMID: 36778489 PMCID: PMC9915676 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.03.526721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokine mediated responses are important in the development of many diseases that are associated with angiogenesis. Targeting angiogenesis as a prominent strategy has shown limited effects in many contexts such as peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and cancer. One potential reason for the unsuccessful outcome is the mutual dependent role between inflammation and angiogenesis. Inflammation-based therapies primarily target inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) in T cells, macrophages, cancer cells, muscle cells, and there is a limited understanding of how these cytokines act on endothelial cells. Thus, we focus on one of the major inflammatory cytokines, IL-6, mediated intracellular signaling in endothelial cells by developing a detailed computational model. Our model quantitatively characterized the effects of IL-6 classic and trans-signaling in activating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling to phosphorylate STAT3, extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt, respectively. We applied the trained and validated experiment-based computational model to characterize the dynamics of phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3), Akt (pAkt), and extracellular regulated kinase (pERK) in response to IL-6 classic and/or trans-signaling. The model predicts that IL-6 classic and trans-signaling induced responses are IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) dose-dependent. Also, IL-6 trans-signaling induces stronger downstream signaling and plays a dominant role in the overall effects from IL-6. In addition, both IL-6 and sIL-6R levels regulate signaling strength. Moreover, our model identifies the influential species and kinetic parameters that specifically modulate the pSTAT3, pAkt, and pERK responses, which represent potential targets for inflammatory cytokine mediated signaling and angiogenesis-based therapies. Overall, the model predicts the effects of IL-6 classic and/or trans-signaling stimulation quantitatively and provides a framework for analyzing and integrating experimental data. More broadly, this model can be utilized to identify targets that influence inflammatory cytokine mediated signaling in endothelial cells and to study the effects of angiogenesis- and inflammation-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA 21205
| | - Youli Wang
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA 30912
| | - Brian H. Annex
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, USA 30912
| | - Aleksander S. Popel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA 21205
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40
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Nickle RA, DeOca KB, Garcia BL, Mannie MD. Soluble CD25 imposes a low-zone IL-2 signaling environment that favors competitive outgrowth of antigen-experienced CD25 high regulatory and memory T cells. Cell Immunol 2023; 384:104664. [PMID: 36642016 PMCID: PMC10257407 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on soluble (s)CD25-mediated regulation of IL-2 signaling in murine and human CD4+ T cells. Recombinant sCD25 reversibly sequestered IL-2 to limit acute maximal proliferative responses while preserving IL-2 bioavailability to subsequently maintain low-zone IL-2 signaling during prolonged culture. By inhibiting IL-2 signaling during acute activation, sCD25 suppressed T-cell growth and inhibited IL-2-evoked transmembrane CD25 expression, thereby resulting in lower prevalence of CD25high T cells. By inhibiting IL-2 signaling during quiescent IL-2-mediated growth, sCD25 competed with transmembrane CD25, IL2Rβγ, and IL2Rαβγ receptors for limited pools of IL-2 such that sCD25 exhibited strong or weak inhibitory efficacy in IL-2-stimulated cultures of CD25low or CD25high T cells, respectively. Preferential blocking of IL-2 signaling in CD25low but not CD25high T cells caused competitive enrichment of CD25high memory/effector and regulatory FOXP3+ subsets. In conclusion, sCD25 modulates IL-2 bioavailability to limit CD25 expression during acute activation while enhancing CD25highT-cell dominance during low-zone homeostatic IL-2-mediated expansion, thereby 'flattening' the inflammatory curve over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Nickle
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
| | - Kayla B DeOca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
| | - Brandon L Garcia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
| | - Mark D Mannie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
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Mourtzi N, Georgakis M, Ntanasi E, Hatzimanolis A, Ramirez A, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Grenier-Boley B, Lambert J, Yannakoulia M, Kosmidis M, Dardiotis E, Hadjigeorgiou G, Sakka P, Scarmeas N. Genetically downregulated Interleukin-6 signalling is associated with a lower risk of frailty. Age Ageing 2023; 52:7008635. [PMID: 36729470 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND numerous studies point towards a critical role of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) pathway in frailty pathogenesis yet the causal relationship between the two remains elusive. METHODS we selected genetic variants near the IL-6 receptor locus (IL-6R) associated with reduced C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, a downstream effector of IL-6 pathway, and we used them as genetic proxies of IL-6 signalling downregulation. We then performed a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) to investigate the association with frailty status, as defined by the Frailty Index (FI) in 11,171 individuals from the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Ageing and Diet (HELIAD) study. MR analysis was repeated after excluding depression or cognition-related FI items as well as following age or sex stratification. Association with frailty was also examined using an alternative instrument, weighted on s-IL-6R levels. Replication was attempted in UK Biobank dataset. RESULTS genetic predisposition to IL-6 signalling downregulation, weighted on CRP levels, was associated with lower risk of frailty, inserted either as categorical (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 0.15 [-3.39, -0.40], P = 0.013) or continuous variable (beta [se] = -0.09 [0.003], P = 0.0009). Sensitivity analyses revealed similar estimates across different MR methods with no evidence for horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity. Results remained robust after exclusion of depression or cognition-related FI items and following sex or age stratification. Genetically increased s-IL-6R levels were negatively correlated with frailty and this finding remained significant in a meta-analysis of UK Biobank and HELIAD cohorts. CONCLUSION our results support a potential causal effect of IL-6 signalling on frailty and further suggest that downregulation of IL-6 levels may reduce frailty risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Mourtzi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens 11528, Greece
| | - Mariosk Georgakis
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02142, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA 02142, USA.,Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Eva Ntanasi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens 11528, Greece.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens 176768, Greece
| | - Alexandros Hatzimanolis
- Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Aiginition Hospital, Athens 11528, Greece.,Neurobiology Research Institute, Theodor-Theohari Cozzika Foundation, Athens 11521, Greece
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Medical Faculty, Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne 50923, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE Bonn), Bonn 53127, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Stephanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany
| | | | - Jeanc Lambert
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille 59800, France
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens 17676, Greece
| | - Mary Kosmidis
- Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 5412415, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41110, Greece
| | | | - Paraskevi Sakka
- Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Marousi 11636, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens 11528, Greece.,Department of Neurology, The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Yoo A, Lee S. Neuronal growth regulator 1 may modulate interleukin-6 signaling in adipocytes. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1148521. [PMID: 37187893 PMCID: PMC10175572 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1148521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays both anti- and pro-inflammatory roles. Due to the restricted expression of membrane IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), most pro-inflammatory functions of IL-6 are attributed to its association with soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R). Neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) is a brain-enriched membrane protein that has recently been recognized as a risk factor for many human diseases including obesity, depression, and autism. In the present study, we report that the expression levels of IL-6 and IL-6R, as well as the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3, were significantly elevated in white adipose tissues of Negr1 knockout mice. Elevated levels of circulating IL-6 and sIL-6R have also been observed in Negr1 -/- mice. Furthermore, NEGR1 interacted with IL-6R, which was supported by subcellular fractionation and an in situ proximity ligation assay. Importantly, NEGR1 expression attenuated the phosphorylation of STAT3 by sIL-6R, suggesting that NEGR1 negatively regulates IL-6 trans-signaling. Taken together, we propose that NEGR1 may play a regulatory role in IL-6 signaling by interacting with IL-6R, which may contribute to a molecular link underlying obesity, inflammation, and the depression cycle.
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Nash D, Hughes MG, Butcher L, Aicheler R, Smith P, Cullen T, Webb R. IL-6 signaling in acute exercise and chronic training: Potential consequences for health and athletic performance. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:4-19. [PMID: 36168944 PMCID: PMC10092579 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is involved in a diverse set of physiological processes. Traditionally, IL-6 has been thought of in terms of its inflammatory actions during the acute phase response and in chronic conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and obesity. However, IL-6 is also an important signaling molecule during exercise, being acutely released from working muscle fibers with increased exercise duration, intensity, and muscle glycogen depletion. In this context, IL-6 enables muscle-organ crosstalk, facilitating a coordinated response to help maintain muscle energy homeostasis, while also having anti-inflammatory actions. The range of actions of IL-6 can be explained by its dichotomous signaling pathways. Classical signaling involves IL-6 binding to a cell-surface receptor (mbIL-6R; present on only a small number of cell types) and is the predominant signaling mechanism during exercise. Trans-signaling involves IL-6 binding to a soluble version of its receptor (sIL-6R), with the resulting complex having a much greater half-life and the ability to signal in all cell types. Trans-signaling drives the inflammatory actions of IL-6 and is the predominant pathway in disease. A single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2228145) on the IL-6R gene can modify the classical/trans-signaling balance through increasing the levels of sIL-6R. This SNP has clinical significance, having been linked to inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes, as well as to the severity of symptoms experienced with COVID-19. This review will describe how acute exercise, chronic training and the rs2228145 SNP can modify the IL-6 signaling pathway and the consequent implications for health and athletic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Nash
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael G Hughes
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Lee Butcher
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rebecca Aicheler
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Paul Smith
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Tom Cullen
- Research Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Richard Webb
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
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Guo C, Dai H, Zhang M, Liao H, Zhang R, Chen B, Han J, Liu H. Molecular networking assisted discovery and combinatorial biosynthesis of new antimicrobial pleuromutilins. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 243:114713. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wang X, Tang G, Liu Y, Zhang L, Chen B, Han Y, Fu Z, Wang L, Hu G, Ma Q, Sheng S, Wang J, Hu X, Shao S. The role of IL-6 in coronavirus, especially in COVID-19. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1033674. [PMID: 36506506 PMCID: PMC9727200 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1033674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects both people and animals and may cause significant respiratory problems, including lung illness: Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Swabs taken from the throat and nose of people who have the illness or are suspected of having it have shown this pathogenic virus. When SARS-CoV-2 infects the upper and lower respiratory tracts, it may induce moderate to severe respiratory symptoms, as well as the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 6 (IL-6). COVID-19-induced reduction of IL-6 in an inflammatory state may have a hitherto undiscovered therapeutic impact. Many inflammatory disorders, including viral infections, has been found to be regulated by IL-6. In individuals with COVID-19, one of the primary inflammatory agents that causes inflammatory storm is IL-6. It promotes the inflammatory response of virus infection, including the virus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, and provides a new diagnostic and therapeutic strategy. In this review article, we highlighted the functions of IL-6 in the coronavirus, especially in COVID-19, showing that IL-6 activation plays an important function in the progression of coronavirus and is a rational therapeutic goal for inflammation aimed at coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guozheng Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lu’an Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu’an, Anhui, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affifiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bangjie Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yanxun Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affifiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ziyue Fu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Liuning Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guangzhi Hu
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qing Ma
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shuyan Sheng
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jianpeng Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xinyang Hu
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Song Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lu’an Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu’an, Anhui, China,*Correspondence: Song Shao,
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Wang J, Sun Q, Wu J, Tian W, Wang H, Liu H. Identification of four STAT3 isoforms and functional investigation of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 135:104484. [PMID: 35764161 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a major regulator of immune response and chronic inflammatory, which can be activated by interleukin-6 (IL-6). In mammals, STAT3 has multiple isoforms, and its function has been well studied. In teleost, a single stat3 has been cloned and identified in several species, but studies on its function are limited. In the present study, four stat3 isoforms including mastat3α1, mastat3α2, mastat3β1 and mastat3β2 were identified from blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). The results of quantitative PCR (qPCR) showed that four mastat3 transcripts were ubiquitously expressed in all 10 tissues examined. After Aeromonas hydrophila challenge, the expression patterns of mastat3a1, mastat3a2 and mastat3β2 were similar, but significantly different from that of mastat3β1. In addition, western blot showed that rmaIL-6+rmasIL-6R (IL-6 trans-signaling) significantly up-regulated phosphorylation levels of the four maSTAT3 isoforms and mRNA levels of the il-10, il-11, tnf-a, socs3a and socs3b genes, while rmaIL-6 (IL-6 classical signaling) only significantly up-regulated phosphorylation levels of the two maSTAT3α isoforms and mRNA levels of the il-10, socs3a and socs3b genes. Meanwhile, overexpression or inhibition of JAK2 could significantly change the STAT3 phosphorylation. Finally, JAK2 and STAT3 inhibitors could significantly inhibit the up-regulation of il-10, il-11, tnf-a, socs3a and socs3b induced by rmaIL-6+rmasIL-6R or rmaIL-6. To sum up, this study reveals the functional distinctions and overlaps among the four maSTAT3 isoforms in blunt snout bream and reveals the differential regulation of IL-6 classical signaling and trans-signaling on downstream immune genes via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, enriching our knowledge of fish's defense mechanisms against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiu Wang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qianhui Sun
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wanping Tian
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huanling Wang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Rarani FZ, Rashidi B, Jafari Najaf Abadi MH, Hamblin MR, Reza Hashemian SM, Mirzaei H. Cytokines and microRNAs in SARS-CoV-2: What do we know? MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:219-242. [PMID: 35782361 PMCID: PMC9233348 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic constitutes a global health emergency. Currently, there are no completely effective therapeutic medications for the management of this outbreak. The cytokine storm is a hyperinflammatory medical condition due to excessive and uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients suffering from severe COVID-19, leading to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and even mortality. Understanding the pathophysiology of COVID-19 can be helpful for the treatment of patients. Evidence suggests that the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 are dramatically different between mild and severe patients, so they may be important contributors to the cytokine storm. Several serum markers can be predictors for the cytokine storm. This review discusses the cytokines involved in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, focusing on interferons (IFNs) and ILs, and whether they can be used in COVID-19 treatment. Moreover, we highlight several microRNAs that are involved in these cytokines and their role in the cytokine storm caused by COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Zamani Rarani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahman Rashidi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Seyed Mohammad Reza Hashemian
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR, Iran
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Groza Y, Jemelkova J, Kafkova LR, Maly P, Raska M. IL-6 and its role in IgA nephropathy development. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2022; 66:1-14. [PMID: 35527168 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
IL-6 is considered one of the well characterized cytokines exhibiting homeostatic, pro- and anti-inflammatory activities, depending on the receptor variant and the induced intracellular cis- or trans-signaling responses. IL-6-activated pathways are involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and cell metabolism changes. Deviations in IL-6 levels or abnormal response to IL-6 signaling are associated with several autoimmune diseases including IgA nephropathy (IgAN), one of most frequent primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. IgAN is associated with increased plasma concentration of IL-6 and increased plasma concentration of aberrantly galactosylated IgA1 immunoglobulin (Gd-IgA1). Gd-IgA1 is specifically recognized by autoantibodies, leading to the formation of circulating immune complexes (CIC) with nephritogenic potential, since CIC deposited in the glomerular mesangium induce mesangial cells proliferation and glomerular injury. Infection of the upper respiratory or digestive tract enhances IL-6 production and in IgAN patients is often followed by the macroscopic hematuria. This review recapitulates general aspects of IL-6 signaling and summarizes experimental evidences about IL-6 involvement in the etiopathogenesis of IgA nephropathy through the production of Gd-IgA1 and regulation of mesangial cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslava Groza
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Jemelkova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Leona Raskova Kafkova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Maly
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Raska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic.
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He Y, Hu C, Liu S, Xu M, Liang G, Du D, Liu T, Cai F, Chen Z, Tan Q, Deng L, Xia Q. Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Shenmai Injection in Treating Acute Pancreatitis: Network Pharmacology Analysis and Experimental Verification. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:2479-2495. [PMID: 35941928 PMCID: PMC9356589 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s364352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disorder of the exocrine pancreas without specific treatment. Shenmai injection (SMI) was reported to eliminate the severity of experimental AP. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying the synergistic protective effects of SMI on AP based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. Methods Network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking based on identified components were performed to construct the potential therapeutic targets and pathways. The principal components of SMI were detected via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS). Effect of SMI and the identified components on cellular injury and IL6/STAT3 signaling was assessed on mouse pancreatic acinar cell line 266–6 cells. Finally, 4% sodium taurocholate (NaT) was used to induce AP model to assess the effects of SMI in treating AP and validate the potential molecular mechanisms. Results By searching the TCMSP and ETCM databases, 119 candidate components of SMI were obtained. UHPLC-QTOF/MS analysis successfully determined the representative components of SMI: ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, and ophiopogonin D. Fifteen hub targets and eight related pathways were obtained to establish the main pharmacology network. Subnetwork analysis and molecular docking indicated that the effects of these four main SMI components were mostly related to the interleukin (IL) 6/STAT3 pathway. In vitro, SMI, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, and ophiopogonin D increased the cell viability of NaT-stimulated mouse pancreatic acinar 266–6 cells and decreased IL6 and STAT3 expression. In vivo, 10 mL/kg SMI significantly alleviated the pancreatic histopathological changes and the expression of IL6 and STAT3 in the AP mice. Conclusion This study demonstrated SMI may exert anti-inflammatory effects against AP by suppressing IL6/STAT3 activation, thus providing a basis for its potential use in clinical practice and further study in treating AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu He
- Pancreatitis Centre, Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Pancreatitis Centre, Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- Pancreatitis Centre, Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Xu
- Pancreatitis Centre, Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ge Liang
- Laboratory of Clinical Proteomics and Metabolomics, Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Du
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Pancreatitis Centre, Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Cai
- Pancreatitis Centre, Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyao Chen
- Pancreatitis Centre, Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingyuan Tan
- Pancreatitis Centre, Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihui Deng
- Pancreatitis Centre, Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Lihui Deng, Pancreatitis Centre, Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Qing Xia
- Pancreatitis Centre, Department and Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Liao Y, Ren Y, Luo X, Mirando AJ, Long JT, Leinroth A, Ji RR, Hilton MJ. Interleukin-6 signaling mediates cartilage degradation and pain in posttraumatic osteoarthritis in a sex-specific manner. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabn7082. [PMID: 35881692 PMCID: PMC9382892 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abn7082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) and posttraumatic OA (PTOA) are caused by an imbalance in catabolic and anabolic processes in articular cartilage and proinflammatory changes throughout the joint, leading to joint degeneration and pain. We examined whether interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling contributed to cartilage degradation and pain in PTOA. Genetic ablation of Il6 in male mice decreased PTOA-associated cartilage catabolism, innervation of the knee joint, and nociceptive signaling without improving PTOA-associated subchondral bone sclerosis or chondrocyte apoptosis. These effects were not observed in female Il6-/- mice. Compared with wild-type mice, the activation of the IL-6 downstream mediators STAT3 and ERK was reduced in the knees and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of male Il6-/- mice after knee injury. Janus kinases (JAKs) were critical for STAT and ERK signaling in cartilage catabolism and DRG pain signaling in tissue explants. Whereas STAT3 signaling was important for cartilage catabolism, ERK signaling mediated neurite outgrowth and the activation of nociceptive neurons. These data demonstrate that IL-6 mediates both cartilage degradation and pain associated with PTOA in a sex-specific manner and identify tissue-specific contributions of downstream effectors of IL-6 signaling, which are potential therapeutic targets for disease-modifying OA drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Liao
- Departments of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke Orthopaedic Cellular, Developmental, and Genome Laboratories, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Yinshi Ren
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke Orthopaedic Cellular, Developmental, and Genome Laboratories, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Xin Luo
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Anthony J. Mirando
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke Orthopaedic Cellular, Developmental, and Genome Laboratories, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Jason T. Long
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke Orthopaedic Cellular, Developmental, and Genome Laboratories, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Abigail Leinroth
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke Orthopaedic Cellular, Developmental, and Genome Laboratories, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ru-Rong Ji
- Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Matthew J. Hilton
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke Orthopaedic Cellular, Developmental, and Genome Laboratories, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA,Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA,Corresponding author.
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