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Wang M, Wang X, Huang K, Han B, Li R, Shen Y, Zhuang Z, Wang Z, Wang L, Zhou Y, Jing T. Human Biomonitoring of Environmental Chemicals among Elderly in Wuhan, China: Prioritizing Risks Using EPA's ToxCast Database. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38788169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In line with the "healthy aging" principle, we aim to assess the exposure map and health risks of environmental chemicals in the elderly. Blood samples from 918 elderly individuals in Wuhan, China, were analyzed using the combined gas/liquid-mass spectrometry technology to detect levels of 118 environmental chemicals. Cluster analysis identified exposure profiles, while risk indexes and bioanalytical equivalence percentages were calculated using EPA's ToxCast database. The detection rates for 87 compounds exceeded 70%. DEHP, DiBP, naphthalene, phenanthrene, DnBP, pyrene, anthracene, permethrin, fluoranthene, and PFOS showed the highest concentrations. Fat-soluble pollutants varied across lifestyles. In cluster 2, which was characterized by higher concentrations of fat-soluble substances, the proportion of smokers or drinkers was higher than that of nonsmokers or nondrinkers. Pesticides emerged as the most active environmental chemicals in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma antagonist, thyroid hormone receptor (TR) antagonist, TR agonist, and androgen receptor (AR) agonist activity assays. Additionally, PAEs and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons played significant roles as active contaminants for the corresponding targets of AR antagonists and estrogen receptor alpha. We proposed a list of priority pollutants linked to endocrine-disrupting toxic effects in the elderly, which may provide the groundwork for further research into environmental etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Xiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
- The State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, PR China
| | - Kai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ruifang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhijia Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yikai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Tao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
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Romanowska H, Wilk A, Danko M, Borkowska A, Popińska K, Sibilska M, Żydak J, Marciniak W, Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz A, Książyk J. Evaluation of Arsenic and Cobalt Levels in Pediatric Patients Receiving Long-Term Parenteral Nutrition. Nutrients 2024; 16:1179. [PMID: 38674871 PMCID: PMC11054380 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study continues the research in which we determined the concentration of aluminum in children receiving long-term parenteral nutrition (LPN). Since our results were interesting, we decided to assay arsenic (As) and cobalt (Co) in the collected material, which, like aluminum, constitute contamination in the mixtures used in parenteral nutrition. Excesses of these trace elements in the human body are highly toxic, and deficiencies, particularly in the case of Co, can lead to various complications. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of LPN in children on their serum levels of As and Co, as well as the excretion of these elements in urine, and to compare them with a control group of healthy children. The study group consisted of 83 children receiving home parenteral nutrition from two Polish centers, while the control group included 121 healthy children. In both groups, the levels of As and Co in serum and urine were measured. The elemental compositions of the samples were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). It was demonstrated that the children receiving LPN did not have increased As exposure compared to the controls. Greater exposure compared to the control group was shown for Co. In conclusion, children receiving LPN are not exposed to As, and even though the concentrations of Co in serum and urine were higher in the LPN group than in the healthy controls, neither trace element poses a health threat to children requiring LPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Romanowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolic Diseases and Cardiology of the Developmental Age, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wilk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Mikołaj Danko
- The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.); (K.P.); (M.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Anna Borkowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology and Nutrition, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-803 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.B.); (A.S.-S.)
| | - Katarzyna Popińska
- The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.); (K.P.); (M.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Marta Sibilska
- The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.); (K.P.); (M.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Joanna Żydak
- The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.); (K.P.); (M.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Wojciech Marciniak
- Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology and Nutrition, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-803 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.B.); (A.S.-S.)
| | - Janusz Książyk
- The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.); (K.P.); (M.S.); (J.K.)
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Liu H, Wang J, Tao L, Hao Y. Association between DCP levels and kidney stone prevalence in US female adults based on NHANES data. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6457. [PMID: 38499640 PMCID: PMC10948765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56832-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to evaluate the correlation between levels of 2,4-DCP(2,4-Dichlorophenol) and 2,5-DCP(2,5-Dichlorophenol) and the prevalence of kidney stones in US female adults. Participants were chosen from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database, spanning the years 2007-2016. Dose-response curves were analyzed using logistic regression, subgroup analyses, and other statistical methods to evaluate the relationship between 2,4-DCP and 2,5-DCP levels and the prevalence of kidney stones. The final study included 3220 participants aged over 20 years, with 252 females reporting a history of kidney stones. After accounting for all interfering variables, we found that every 0.1 ug/ml increase in 2.4-DCP correlated with a 1% rise in kidney stone prevalence (OR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.00, 1.01), whereas the same increase in 2.5-DCP was linked to a 27% growth in prevalence (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.01, 1.61). Sensitivity analysis was performed by triangulating 2,4-DCP and 2,5-DCP levels. The dose-response curves demonstrated a linear positive relationship between 2,4-DCP and 2,5-DCP levels and the risk of stone development. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between 2,4-DCP and 2,5-DCP levels and the prevalence of kidney stones in US female adults. This association is of clinical significance; however, a direct causal relationship cannot be definitively established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqian Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City (Affiliated Wuhu Hospital of East China Normal University), Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City (Affiliated Wuhu Hospital of East China Normal University), Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Lingsong Tao
- Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City (Affiliated Wuhu Hospital of East China Normal University), Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Yunwu Hao
- Department of Urology, Lu'an Hospital Affiliated of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, 237000, Anhui, China.
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Qin M, Huang L, Li M, Shao T, Zhang J, Jiang X, Shao C, Zhao C, Pan Y, Zhou Q, Wang Y, Liu XM, Qiu J. Immunotoxicity Evaluation of Trihalophenolic Disinfection By-Products in Mouse and Human Mononuclear Macrophage Systems: The Role of RNA Epitranscriptomic Modification in Mammalian Immunity. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:127023. [PMID: 38157273 PMCID: PMC10756339 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (TCP), 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) and 2,4,6-triiodophenol (TIP) are three widely detected trihalophenolic disinfection by-products (DBPs). Previous studies have mainly focused on the carcinogenic risk and developmental toxicity of 2,4,6-trihalophenols. Very little is known about their immunotoxicity in mammals. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effects of 2,4,6-trihalophenols on mammalian immunity using a mouse macrophage model infected with bacteria or intracellular parasites and aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms from an epitranscriptomic perspective. The identified mechanisms were further validated in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS The mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 and primary mouse peritoneal macrophages were exposed to different concentrations of TCP, TBP, and TIP. The pro-inflammatory marker Ly6C, the survival of the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the parasite burden of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) were assessed. Furthermore, the global gene expression profiling of macrophages following exposure to 2,4,6-trihalophenols was obtained through RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). The effects of 2,4,6-trihalophenols on RNA N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A ) methyltransferases and total RNA m 6 A levels were evaluated using Western blotting and dot blot, respectively. Transcriptome-wide m 6 A methylome was analyzed by m 6 A -seq . In addition, expression of m 6 A regulators and total RNA m 6 A levels in human PBMCs exposed to 2,4,6-trihalophenols were detected using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and dot blot, respectively. RESULTS Mouse macrophages exposed to TCP, TBP, or TIP had lower expression of the pro-inflammatory marker Ly6C, with a greater difference from control observed for TIP-exposed cells. Consistently, macrophages exposed to such DBPs, especially TIP, were susceptible to infection with the bacterium E. coli and the intracellular parasite T. gondii, indicating a compromised ability of macrophages to defend against pathogens. Intriguingly, macrophages exposed to TIP had significantly greater m 6 A levels, which correlated with the greater expression levels of m 6 A methyltransferases. Macrophages exposed to each of the three 2,4,6-trihalophenols exhibited transcriptome-wide redistribution of m 6 A . In particular, the m 6 A peaks in genes associated with immune-related pathways were altered after exposure. In addition, differences in m 6 A were also observed in human PBMCs after exposure to 2,4,6-trihalophenols. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that 2,4,6-trihalophenol exposure impaired the ability of macrophages to defend against pathogens. This response might be associated with notable differences in m 6 A after exposure. To the best of our knowledge, this study presents the first m 6 A landscape across the transcriptome of immune cells exposed to pollutants. However, significant challenges remain in elucidating the mechanisms by which m 6 A mediates immune dysregulation in infected macrophages after 2,4,6-trihalophenol exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11329.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qin
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linyuan Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meishuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianye Shao
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenlu Shao
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengsi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Min Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingfan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Dong J, Li X. Lead pollution-related health of children in China: Disparity, challenge, and policy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163383. [PMID: 37068684 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a neurotoxic metal, and no level of lead exposure is safe for children. China has still experienced problems on child lead poisoning even though the Chinese government has phased out leaded gasoline since 2000. The underlying problem affecting the lead pollution-related health of children in China remains to be comprehensively investigated. It is found that although the significant decline of BLLs, as the Geometric Mean (GM), from 91.40 μg/LGM in 2001 to 37.52 μg/LGM in 2018 is observed, the average BLLs of children are still above 50 μg/L or more [average 59.70 (60.50-65.02, 95 % CI) μg/LGM] after phasing out leaded gasoline since 2000 in China. Lead exposure causes 29.67 MID per 1000 children with a loss of 98.23 (59.40-146.21, 95 % CI) DALYs per 1000 in China, which is greater than the levels reported from the Western Pacific Region and other low- and middle-income countries. A significant correlation is observed between the number of child crimes (NoCCs) and the outcomes of long-term lead exposure for children in China. Although the disparities in BLLs in China are strongly influenced by unequal distributions of potential multi-lead related sources (soil lead, PM2.5 lead, dust lead), unbalance development of local industrialization and economies, as well as incorrect health care for younger children, the notable emissions from coal combustion (CC) and non-ferrous metals (NMS) exploitation dominate the crucial sources of low-level lead exposure to children after phasing out leaded gasoline in China currently. Faced with the unequal and disparate distribution of BLLs in China, the big bottleneck is to decrease the BLLs exertions of 36-45 μg/L in the next few decades. The Chinese government needs to make more efforts on developing more strict guidelines, implementing more policy strategies on prevention and management of blood Pb poisoning, and monitoring the nationwide changes in children's BLLs continuously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dong
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China; Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
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Bertram J, Esser A, Thoröe-Boveleth S, Fohn N, Schettgen T, Kraus T. Quantification of 26 metals in human urine samples using ICP-MSMS in a random sample collective of an occupational and environmental health care center in Aachen, Germany. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 78:127161. [PMID: 37001205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Despite several studies on metal exposure in the general population, the knowledge on the background burden of distinct metals is still sparse (e.g. Cu, In, Mn, Pb, Sn, Sr, Ta, Te). While up to date reference values exist for 16 distinct metals as Biological Reference Value (BAR) or the 95th percentile for Al, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Hg, Li, Mo, Ni, Pt, Sb, Se, Tl and U respectively, the background burden of the general population for the remaining elements is unknown or yet no matter of scientific counselling. We established and validated an inductively coupled plasma triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-MSMS) human biomonitoring method (HBM), that enabled us to determine 26 metals in urine. Al, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Ga, Gd, Hg, In, Li, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Ta, Te, Tl, V and Zn were analyzed. The method was applied to 88 urine samples collected in the ambulance of the Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine (IASU) Aachen, Germany. Patients from two major metal processing companies (steel and copper) and a more heterogenous group of occupational exposed and non-exposed persons were defined and distinguished. HBM data from about 88, in general occupationally unexposed persons against certain metals served as a collective representing the general population in first approximation. For these the 95th percentiles are reported. Significant differences of urinary metal concentrations of the employees of the two metal processing companies compared to the third group were observed among others for Cu, Cr, Ni, Mn and are discussed, thus demonstrating the usefulness of the method for both environmental and occupational purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Bertram
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - André Esser
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sven Thoröe-Boveleth
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nina Fohn
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schettgen
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Kraus
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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Nübler S, Esteban López M, Castaño A, Mol HGJ, Müller J, Schäfer M, Haji-Abbas-Zarrabi K, Hajslova J, Pulkrabova J, Dvorakova D, Urbancova K, Koch HM, Antignac JP, Sakhi AK, Vorkamp K, Burkhardt T, Scherer M, Göen T. External Quality Assurance Schemes (EQUASs) and Inter-laboratory Comparison Investigations (ICIs) for human biomonitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) biomarkers in urine as part of the quality assurance programme under HBM4EU. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 250:114169. [PMID: 37099846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were included as priority substances for human biomonitoring (HBM) in the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU), which intended to harmonise and advance HBM across Europe. For this project, a specific Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC) programme applying Inter-laboratory Comparison Investigations (ICIs) and External Quality Assurance Schemes (EQUASs) was developed to ensure the comparability and accuracy of participating analytical laboratories. This paper presents the results of four ICI/EQUAS rounds for the determination of 13 PAH metabolites in urine, i.e. 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2-, 3- and 9-hydroxyfluorene, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene, 1-hydroxypyrene and 3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene. However, 4 PAH metabolites could not be evaluated as the analytical capacity of participating laboratories was too low. Across all rounds and biomarkers, 86% of the participants achieved satisfactory results, although low limits of quantification were required to quantify the urinary metabolites at exposure levels of the general population. Using high-performance liquid or gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS; GC-MS) and isotope dilution for calibration as well as performing an enzymatic deconjugation step proved to be favourable for the accurate determination of PAHs in urine. Finally, the HBM4EU QA/QC programme identified an international network of laboratories providing comparable results in the analysis of urinary PAH biomarkers, although covering all parameters initially selected was still too challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Nübler
- Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Henkestraße 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marta Esteban López
- National Center for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda a Pozuelo Km2,2, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Argelia Castaño
- National Center for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda a Pozuelo Km2,2, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hans G J Mol
- Wageningen Food Safety Research, Part of Wageningen University and Research, Akkermaalsbos 2, 6708 WB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes Müller
- Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Henkestraße 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Moritz Schäfer
- Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Henkestraße 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karin Haji-Abbas-Zarrabi
- Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Henkestraße 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jana Hajslova
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition (VSCHT), Technicka 5, 16028, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Pulkrabova
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition (VSCHT), Technicka 5, 16028, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Darina Dvorakova
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition (VSCHT), Technicka 5, 16028, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Urbancova
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition (VSCHT), Technicka 5, 16028, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Holger M Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jean-Philippe Antignac
- Oniris, INRAE, UMR 1329, Laboratoire D'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants Dans les Aliments (LABERCA), F-44307, Nantes, France
| | | | - Katrin Vorkamp
- Aarhus University, Department of Environmental Science, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Therese Burkhardt
- ABF Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Semmelweisstr. 5, 82152, Planegg, Germany
| | - Max Scherer
- ABF Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Semmelweisstr. 5, 82152, Planegg, Germany
| | - Thomas Göen
- Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Henkestraße 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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Barlow NL, Bradberry SM. Investigation and monitoring of heavy metal poisoning. J Clin Pathol 2023; 76:82-97. [PMID: 36600633 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2021-207793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Historically, heavy metal measurement and interpretation has been a highly specialised area performed only in a handful of centres within the UK. However, recent years have seen a move to more local testing due to the repatriation of referred work into pathology networks and the increased availability of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry technology. While management of significant poisoning is still overseen by tertiary care poisoning specialists, management of milder cases may be undertaken locally.Non-specialist clinical scientists and clinicians need to know when heavy metal testing is appropriate, which samples are required (and any specific requirements around collection) and how to interpret and act on the results.This Best Practice article provides guidance on the investigation and monitoring of the toxic elements most frequently encountered in general medical practice; lead, mercury and arsenic. It is intended as a reference guide for the non-specialist and as a comprehensive summary for clinical toxicologists and clinical scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola L Barlow
- Clinical Biochemistry, Black Country Pathology Services, West Bromwich, UK
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9
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Burkhardt T, Scherer M, Scherer G, Pluym N, Weber T, Kolossa-Gehring M. Time trend of exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons between 1995 and 2019 in Germany - Showcases for successful European legislation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114638. [PMID: 36306878 PMCID: PMC9729507 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Starting in 2002, regulations and legislative amendments in Germany focused on the non-smoker protection with several measures to reduce exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS). The present work aimed to evaluate the relationship between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and SHS exposure and to determine to which extent enforced non-smoking regulations and smoking bans affected the exposure of the non-smoking population in Germany since their implementation in the early 2000s until today. For this purpose, cotinine and selected monohydroxylated PAHs (OH-PAHs) were analyzed by means of (UP)LC-MS/MS in 510 24-h-urine samples of the Environmental Specimen Bank collected over a time span of 24 years from 1995 to 2019. Median urinary cotinine levels were found to steadily and significantly decline by 82% from 1995 to 2019. A significant decrease of urinary 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene (19%), 1-OH-pyrene (39%), 1-naphthol (66%), 1- (17%), 2- (25%), and 3-OH-phenanthrene (22%) was also observed throughout the same time span. The decline in urinary levels of cotinine and several OH-PAHs can most likely be attributed to smoking bans and regulations limiting SHS and PAH exposure. This study therefore emphasizes the relevance of human biomonitoring to investigate the exposure of humans to chemicals of concern, assess the effectiveness of regulatory measures, and help policies to enforce provisions to protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese Burkhardt
- ABF Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Semmelweisstr. 5, 82152, Planegg, Germany
| | - Max Scherer
- ABF Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Semmelweisstr. 5, 82152, Planegg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Scherer
- ABF Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Semmelweisstr. 5, 82152, Planegg, Germany
| | - Nikola Pluym
- ABF Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Semmelweisstr. 5, 82152, Planegg, Germany.
| | - Till Weber
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Corrensplatz 1, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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10
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Petit JCJ, Maggi P, Pirard C, Charlier C, Ruttens A, Liénard A, Colinet G, Remy S. Human biomonitoring survey (Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Zn, Mo) for urban gardeners exposed to metal contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 312:120028. [PMID: 36030963 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Eighty eight adult gardeners and their relatives volunteered to provide urine and blood samples for a human biomonitoring survey among users of one of the biggest allotment garden from Wallonia, showing high trace metal(oid) concentrations in soils. The purpose was to determine if environmental levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) led to concentrations of potential health concern in the study population. Blood and urine biomarkers were compared to reference and intervention cut-off values selected from the literature. The study population exhibited (i) moderately high blood lead levels with median value of 23.1 μg/L, (ii) high urinary concentrations of speciated As (inorganic arsenic and its metabolites) with a median value of 7.17 μg/g.cr., i.e. twice the median values usually observed in general populations, and (iii) very high Cd levels in urine with a median value of 1.23 μg/L, in the range of 95th-97.5th percentiles measured in general adult populations. Biomarker levels in the study population were also mostly above those measured in adults from local populations living on contaminated soils, as reported in the current literature. All biomarkers of Pb, Cd and As showed weak to strong statistically significant correlations, pointing towards a joint environmental source to these three contaminants as being at least partially responsible for the high exposure levels observed. Urine and blood biomarkers show statistically significant associations with variables related to individual characteristics (age, smoking status, …) and Pb domestic sources (Pb pipes, cosmetics, …) but involves also behavioral and consuming habits related to gardening activities on the contaminated allotment garden. At such levels, owing to co-exposure and additive effects of Cd, As and Pb regarding renal toxicity known from literature, the study strongly suggests that this population of gardeners is at risk with respect to chronic kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme C J Petit
- Scientific Institute of Public Service, Environmental-Health Unit, Rue du Chéra 200, B-4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Patrick Maggi
- FPS Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment, Ecotoxicology Unit from Service Plant Protection and Fertilising Products, 5/2 Avenue Galilée, B-1210, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Pirard
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, CHU of Liege, B35, B-4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Corinne Charlier
- Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, CHU of Liege, B35, B-4000, Liege, Belgium
| | - Ann Ruttens
- Sciensano, Elements-Trace Unit, Leuvensesteenweg 17, B-3080, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Amandine Liénard
- Soil-Water-Plant Exchanges, TERRA, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 2 Passage des Deportes, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Gilles Colinet
- Soil-Water-Plant Exchanges, TERRA, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 2 Passage des Deportes, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Suzanne Remy
- Scientific Institute of Public Service, Environmental-Health Unit, Rue du Chéra 200, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
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11
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Schettgen T, Esser A, Alt A, Randerath I, Kraus T, Ziegler P. Decomposition Products of the Initiator Bis(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)peroxide in the Silicone Industry: Human Biomonitoring in Plasma and Urine of Workers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:8518-8527. [PMID: 35671459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bis(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)peroxide (2,4-DCBP) is used as an initiator for silicone rubber production. During hot curing, 2,4-DCBP decomposes into 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, and the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners PCB-47, PCB-51, and PCB-68. The extent of occupational exposure to these decomposition products has not been investigated yet. We determined for the first time the corresponding internal exposure of employees (n = 104) of a German silicone rubber facility by human biomonitoring in plasma and urine. Collected samples were investigated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for levels of PCBs in plasma and by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry for urinary post-shift levels of 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid (2,4-DCBA) and the metabolites 3,5-dichlorocatechol (3,5-DCK), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), and 3,5-dichlorophenol (3,5-DCP). PCB-47 and PCB-68 levels correlated significantly and were found in >97% of all samples with maximum values of 4.43 and 0.77 μg/L, respectively. 2,4-DCBA, 3,5-DCK, 2,4-DCP, and 3,5-DCP were quantified in >80% of all urine samples with maximum levels of 1.46; 26.92; 7.68; and 0.39 mg/L, respectively. There is a considerable uptake of decomposition products of 2,4-DCBP in workers of a silicone rubber facility, affecting employees in all work areas. Individual levels depended on the work task. Considering the carcinogenic potential of PCBs, the workers' additional exposure to PCB-47 and PCB-68 might be of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schettgen
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - André Esser
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Anne Alt
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Isabella Randerath
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Thomas Kraus
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Patrick Ziegler
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
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12
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Bartel-Steinbach M, Lermen D, Gwinner F, Schäfer M, Göen T, Conrad A, Weber T, von Briesen H, Kolossa-Gehring M. Long-term monitoring of mercury in young German adults: Time trend analyses from the German Environmental Specimen Bank, 1995-2018. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 207:112592. [PMID: 34973943 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As highlighted in the Minamata Convention, Mercury (Hg) in its various forms poses a substantial risk to human health and the environment. The health relevance of Hg is also recognized by the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU), which classifies Hg as a priority substance, since considerable knowledge and data gaps on Hg exposure levels and their changes over time still exist in Europe. The German Environmental Specimen Bank (German ESB) provides valuable policy relevant data and long-term trends of substance exposure on a national level for international comparison and evaluation. In this study we analysed data of the German ESB on Hg exposure of young adults aged 20 to 29 including data on urinary Hg levels from 1995 to 2018 and whole blood Hg levels from 2001 to 2010. Results show a clear decrease in both, about 86% in urine total daily Hg excretion from 1995 (0.76 μg/L) to 2018 (0.11 μg/L) (n = 10,069) and about 57% in blood concentrations of Hg from 2001 (1.76 μg/L) to 2010 (0.77 μg/L) (n = 4085). Over the investigated timeframe only a few values exceeded the toxicologically derived health based guidance value HBM I for blood and urine, with these exceedances decreasing over time in line with the general trend. The factors mostly influencing Hg excretion identified in this study are dental amalgam as well as fish and seafood consumption. Besides other factors (e.g. age and sex), also airborne Hg exposure appears to be a low but evident influencing factor in Germany. Although a considerable decrease in internal Hg exposure is recognized in the last decades, the current low-level exposure may cause adverse health effects especially to vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and children. To further elucidate and evaluate current exposure sources and to reduce human exposure to Hg, continuous environmental and human biomonitoring is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominik Lermen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Sulzbach, Germany
| | - Frederik Gwinner
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Sulzbach, Germany
| | - Moritz Schäfer
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Göen
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - André Conrad
- German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt), Berlin, Germany
| | - Till Weber
- German Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt), Berlin, Germany
| | - Hagen von Briesen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering IBMT, Sulzbach, Germany
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13
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Caron-Beaudoin É, Ayotte P, Aker A, Blanchette C, Ricard S, Gilbert V, Avard E, Lemire M. Exposure to benzene, toluene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Nunavimmiut aged 16 years and over (Nunavik, Canada) - Qanuilirpitaa 2017 survey. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 206:112586. [PMID: 34932977 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There are numerous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that Inuit may be exposed to from combustion, cooking, heating, vehicle exhaust, active and passive smoking and other local sources of contaminants such as oil spills or open-air burning in landfills. To better assess the levels of exposure to these non-persistent chemicals, we measured a suite of benzene, toluene (two VOCs) and PAHs metabolites in pooled urine samples from youth and adults aged 16 years old and over who participated in the Qanuilirpitaa? 2017 Inuit Health Survey (Q2017), a population health survey conducted in Nunavik. A cost-effective pooling strategy was established and 30 different pools from individual urine samples (n = 1266) were created by grouping individual urine samples by sex, age groups and regions. To assess smoking and exposure to second-hand smoke, cotinine levels were measured in individual urine samples. We found that benzene, toluene, all detected PAHs metabolites and cotinine levels were significantly higher in Q2017 compared to adults in the Canadian Health Measure Survey Cycle 4 (2014-2015) or the general U.S population (2015-2016). Moreover, mean levels of one benzene metabolite, S-phenylmercapturic acid, and several PAHs metabolites, 1-naphthol, 2-and 3-hydroxyfluorene, and 4- and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene, known to be associated with smoking habits, were higher in Q2017 compared to reference values (RV95) established for non-smokers in the general Canadian population. Furthermore, benzene and PAHs metabolites were all correlated with cotinine levels. Our results suggest that the high smoking prevalence in Nunavik is an important contributor to the elevated benzene and PAHs exposure. Other local sources may add to that exposure, although we were not able to account for their contribution. These data highlight the importance of regional and community efforts for reducing smoking and to encourage smoke-free homes in Nunavik, while continuing to investigate and reduce other possible local sources of exposure to benzene, toluene and PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Élyse Caron-Beaudoin
- Department of Health and Society, Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Pierre Ayotte
- Axe santé des Populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Centre de toxicologie du Québec, Institut national de santé Publique du Québec, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Amira Aker
- Axe santé des Populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Caty Blanchette
- Axe santé des Populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Ricard
- Nunavik Regional Board of Health and Social Services, Kuujjuaq, QC, Canada
| | | | - Ellen Avard
- Nunavik Research Centre, Makivik Corporation, Kuujjuaq, QC, Canada
| | - Mélanie Lemire
- Axe santé des Populations et pratiques optimales en santé, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Département de médecine sociale et préventive, Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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14
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Paquet F, Leggett RW, Blanchardon E, Bailey MR, Gregoratto D, Smith T, Ratia G, Davesne E, Berkovski V, Harrison JD. Occupational Intakes of Radionuclides: Part 5. Ann ICRP 2022; 51:11-415. [PMID: 35414227 DOI: 10.1177/01466453211028755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Joksić AŠ, Tratnik JS, Mazej D, Kocman D, Stajnko A, Eržen I, Horvat M. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in men and lactating women in Slovenia: Results of the first national human biomonitoring. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2022; 241:113943. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.113943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Ponce G, Valcke M, Bourgault MH, Gagné M, Laouan-Sidi EA, Gagnon F. Determination of a guidance value for the communication of individual-level biomonitoring data for urinary arsenic. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2022; 240:113927. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.113927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wattigney WA, Irvin-Barnwell E, Li Z, Ragin-Wilson A. Biomonitoring of toxic metals, organochlorine pesticides, and polybrominated biphenyl 153 in Michigan urban anglers. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111851. [PMID: 34384752 PMCID: PMC8711253 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The 32-mile Detroit River and surrounding tributaries have been designated as a Great Lakes Area of Concern due to pollution from decades of municipal and industrial discharges, sewer overflows and urban development. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services conducted a biomonitoring study to assess exposures to persistent toxic substances in Detroit urban shoreline anglers who may be at high exposure risk due to consumption of locally caught fish. Using a modified venue-based sampling approach, 287 adult shoreline anglers along the Detroit River were recruited and participated in the program. Study participants provided blood and urine specimens and completed a questionnaire interview. In this report, we examine percentile estimates for blood lead, blood manganese, urine arsenic, urine mercury, urine cadmium, organochlorine pesticides in serum (mirex, hexachlorobenzene, chlordane), and serum polybrominated biphenyl 153 (PBB 153) concentrations among study participants. Multiple linear regression was used to identify predictors of contaminant concentrations. The Detroit urban anglers' blood lead concentrations were 2 times higher than the general adult U.S. population (median (95% CI): 2.9 μg/dL (1.8-2.3) vs. 0.94 μg/dL (0.90-0.98)). PBB 153 levels were 1.8 times higher than the general adult U.S. population at the 95th percentile (95th percentile, 95% CI: 62.7 ng/g of lipid, 53.2-75.2 vs. 34.6 ng/g of lipid, 12.8-66.8). Percentile estimates of the other study pollutants were similar to background levels found in the general U.S. population. Eating more locally caught fish was not associated with increased body burdens for any of the contaminants examined in this report. Higher blood lead was associated with increased age, male sex, current smoking, residing in a home built before 1960, an annual income less than $25,000, and a work history of lead paint removal. Evidence of PBB exposure in our study cohort likely reflects the continued effect of a widespread contamination of livestock feed in 1973 among Michigan's lower peninsula population. These study results help determine if the pollutants examined warrant further consideration in subsequent population-based biomonitoring of frequent consumers of fish from the Detroit River and surrounding waterways. The biomonitoring data from this study also served to inform public health officials regarding the potential need for environmental public health actions to reduce harmful exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy A Wattigney
- Office of Community Health and Hazard Assessment, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States.
| | - Elizabeth Irvin-Barnwell
- Office of Community Health and Hazard Assessment, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States
| | - Zheng Li
- Office of Community Health and Hazard Assessment, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States
| | - Angela Ragin-Wilson
- Office of Associate Director, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA, 30341, United States
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Schmied A, Murawski A, Kolossa-Gehring M, Kujath P. Determination of trace elements in urine by inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry - Biomonitoring of adults in the German capital region. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131425. [PMID: 34246933 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A method was developed and validated for multi-element analyses of human urine samples using inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry. The combination of a simple sample preparation and the state-of-the-art technique allows high-throughput and lowest limits of quantification up to 1 ng/L. Thereby coefficients of variation ranges from 0.4% (V) to 3.7% (Be), and 0.9% (Cd) to 4.8% (Ni) for intraday and interday precision, respectively. The method's performance is demonstrated by successful participation in international interlaboratory comparison programs as external quality assurance. Moreover, the method was applied for the analysis of first-morning void urine samples of adults (N = 77) living in the German capital region. 15 metals and metalloids (Astotal, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, In, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, Tl, V, and Zn) were determined. With exception of indium, all elements were found in urine samples above the limit of quantification, demonstrating the suitability to measure the general population's exposure to these metals and metalloids. The method presented here shall be used for analysis of urine samples collected in the upcoming German Environmental Survey, GerES VI, a cross-sectional, population-representative study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Schmied
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | - Peter Kujath
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Berlin, Germany
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Biomonitoring of Exposure to Metals in a Population Residing in an Industrial Area in Brazil: A Feasibility Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312455. [PMID: 34886190 PMCID: PMC8656667 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Industries are sources of environmental pollutants. However, there are few human biomonitoring (HBM) studies in the vicinity of industrial areas. Thus, we evaluate the feasibility of conducting an HBM study to assess exposure to metals in an industrial area in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted near a steel factory. Adults (exposed = 775; controls = 775) were randomly selected and sex-matched. Subjects were interviewed using a questionnaire and a 24 h dietary recall. Blood samples were collected to analyze metal concentrations, blood count, biochemical parameters, and thyroid hormones. The feasibility of the survey was assessed following guidelines. The descriptive analysis was performed for the first 250 participants (pilot study). Results: Adjustments were made to the survey execution, including age-matching, fieldwork team, questionnaire, blood collection, and research awareness. The complete questionnaire was answered by ≥97% of participants; metals were measured in ≥98% and clinical parameters in ≥89%, except thyroid hormones (13–44%). The average age and family income were of 50 years and USD 575/month, respectively. The participants had equal distribution among sexes: 50% had a medium education level, and 59% were nonwhite. Conclusion: This preliminary HBM study demonstrates feasibility for the total population, with results indicating representativeness of the target population.
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Zhang H, Li H, Green AP, Wang M, Yan F, Li M, He Y, Sun W, Yuan X, Lu J, Sun M, Merriman TR, Li C. Association of low-level environmental exposure to cadmium and lead with gout flare using a cohort study design. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130648. [PMID: 33932909 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are toxic heavy metals with endocrine-disrupting properties. We investigated the associations of low-level environmental exposure to Cd/Pb and gout status (intercritical gout, gout flare and combined gout) in a cohort study. We measured by ICP-MS the levels of Cd and Pb in blood (Cd-B and Pb-B) and urine (Cd-U and Pb-U) from 408 participants with blood and 346 participants with urine samples recruited from a hospital gout clinic. The median levels of Cd-B and Pb-B (in μg/L) in the gout flare group were 0.87 (range 0.41-2.49) and 31.54 (25.38-41.46), respectively, and the median levels of Cd-U and Pb-U in the gout flare group were 1.05 (0.69-1.91) and 3.86 (3.49-4.44), respectively. These medians were significantly higher than those in the control or intercritical groups (P < 0.05). For Cd-B in tertile 2 (T2) and Cd-U in tertile 3, Cd levels were significantly associated with gout flare status compared to the reference tertile 1 (OR = 4.3, P = 0.041 and OR = 25.1, P = 0.002, respectively) after adjustment under Model 3. For Pb-U, the risk of gout flare status was significantly higher in T2 (OR = 51.0, P = 0.002) compared to the T1 under Model 3. Our results show that median levels of Cd-B, Pb-B, Cd-U and Pb-U in the gout flare group were significantly higher than participants without gout or with gout but in the intercritical period. We provide evidence that the risk of gout flare status is associated with increased Cd levels, and that blood and urine levels of Cd are a risk factor for gout flare status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China.
| | - Hailong Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China.
| | | | - Ming Wang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China.
| | - Fei Yan
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China.
| | - Maichao Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China.
| | - Yuwei He
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China.
| | - Wenyan Sun
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China.
| | - Xuan Yuan
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China.
| | - Jie Lu
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China.
| | - Mingshu Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China.
| | - Tony R Merriman
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
| | - Changgui Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases and Qingdao Key Laboratory of Gout, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China.
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21
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Zare Jeddi M, Virgolino A, Fantke P, Hopf NB, Galea KS, Remy S, Viegas S, Mustieles V, Fernandez MF, von Goetz N, Vicente JL, Slobodnik J, Rambaud L, Denys S, St-Amand A, Nakayama SF, Santonen T, Barouki R, Pasanen-Kase R, Mol HGJ, Vermeire T, Jones K, Silva MJ, Louro H, van der Voet H, Duca RC, Verhagen H, Canova C, van Klaveren J, Kolossa-Gehring M, Bessems J. A human biomonitoring (HBM) Global Registry Framework: Further advancement of HBM research following the FAIR principles. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2021; 238:113826. [PMID: 34583227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Data generated by the rapidly evolving human biomonitoring (HBM) programmes are providing invaluable opportunities to support and advance regulatory risk assessment and management of chemicals in occupational and environmental health domains. However, heterogeneity across studies, in terms of design, terminology, biomarker nomenclature, and data formats, limits our capacity to compare and integrate data sets retrospectively (reuse). Registration of HBM studies is common for clinical trials; however, the study designs and resulting data collections cannot be traced easily. We argue that an HBM Global Registry Framework (HBM GRF) could be the solution to several of challenges hampering the (re)use of HBM (meta)data. The aim is to develop a global, host-independent HBM registry framework based on the use of harmonised open-access protocol templates from designing, undertaking of an HBM study to the use and possible reuse of the resulting HBM (meta)data. This framework should apply FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) principles as a core data management strategy to enable the (re)use of HBM (meta)data to its full potential through the data value chain. Moreover, we believe that implementation of FAIR principles is a fundamental enabler for digital transformation within environmental health. The HBM GRF would encompass internationally harmonised and agreed open access templates for HBM study protocols, structured web-based functionalities to deposit, find, and access harmonised protocols of HBM studies. Registration of HBM studies using the HBM GRF is anticipated to increase FAIRness of the resulting (meta)data. It is also considered that harmonisation of existing data sets could be performed retrospectively. As a consequence, data wrangling activities to make data ready for analysis will be minimised. In addition, this framework would enable the HBM (inter)national community to trace new HBM studies already in the planning phase and their results once finalised. The HBM GRF could also serve as a platform enhancing communication between scientists, risk assessors, and risk managers/policy makers. The planned European Partnership for the Assessment of Risk from Chemicals (PARC) work along these lines, based on the experience obtained in previous joint European initiatives. Therefore, PARC could very well bring a first demonstration of first essential functionalities within the development of the HBM GRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zare Jeddi
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Ana Virgolino
- Environmental Health Behaviour Lab, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Peter Fantke
- Quantitative Sustainability Assessment, Department of Technology, Management and Economics, Technical University of Denmark, Produktionstorvet 424, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Nancy B Hopf
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Karen S Galea
- IOM - Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, EH14 4AP, UK
| | - Sylvie Remy
- VITO - Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Health Unit, Mol, Belgium
| | - Susana Viegas
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1600-560, Lisbon, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal; H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, 1500-310, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernandez
- University of Granada, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Joana Lobo Vicente
- EEA - European Environment Agency, Kongens Nytorv 6, 1050, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Jaroslav Slobodnik
- NORMAN Association, Rue Jacques Taffanel - Parc Technologique ALATA, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Loïc Rambaud
- SPF - Santé Publique France, Environmental and Occupational Health Division, France
| | - Sébastien Denys
- SPF - Santé Publique France, Environmental and Occupational Health Division, France
| | - Annie St-Amand
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shoji F Nakayama
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan
| | - Tiina Santonen
- FIOH-Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 40, FI-00032, Työterveyslaitos, Finland
| | - Robert Barouki
- Université de Paris, Inserm Unit 1124, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Robert Pasanen-Kase
- SECO - State Secretariat for Economic Affairs, Labour Directorate Section Chemicals and Work (ABCH), Switzerland
| | - Hans G J Mol
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR) - part of Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo Vermeire
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Kate Jones
- HSE - Health and Safety Executive, Harpur Hill, Buxton, SK17 9JN, UK
| | - Maria João Silva
- INSA - National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Portugal; TOXOMICS - Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Henriqueta Louro
- INSA - National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Portugal; TOXOMICS - Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hilko van der Voet
- Wageningen University & Research, Biometris, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Radu-Corneliu Duca
- Unit Environmental Hygiene and Human Biological Monitoring, Department of Health Protection, National Health Laboratory, Dudelange, Luxembourg; Centre Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Verhagen
- University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK; Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Cristina Canova
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Public Health-University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Jacob van Klaveren
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jos Bessems
- VITO - Flemish Institute for Technological Research, Health Unit, Mol, Belgium
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22
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Mizuno Y, Masuoka H, Kibe M, Kosaka S, Natsuhara K, Hirayama K, Inthavong N, Kounnavong S, Tomita S, Umezaki M. Impact of modernization on urinary concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and selenium in rural residents of Northern Laos. Am J Hum Biol 2021; 34:e23685. [PMID: 34564914 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The impacts of modernization on toxic heavy metal exposure and essential trace element intake in indigenous populations of subsistence societies are unknown. We assessed urinary trace element concentrations in rural residents of Northern Laos and examined associations with levels of modernization. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted comprising 380 residents of three villages in Northern Laos with different levels of modernization. We surveyed general characteristics and measured the weight and height of 341 participants. Arsenic, cadmium, lead, and selenium concentrations were measured in spot urine samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We examined associations between urinary trace element concentrations and variables related to modernization (village, roofing material, possessions index [total number of possessions], and body mass index [BMI]) using multilevel analyses with household as a random effect, after adjusting for sex, age, and smoking status. RESULTS Urinary concentrations of arsenic and cadmium were high, while those of lead and selenium were low in comparison to previous reports of populations in non-contaminated regions or without excess/deficiency. We observed associations between urinary trace element concentrations and village-level modernization: lead and selenium concentrations were higher in more modernized villages and cadmium concentration was highest in the least modernized village. Urinary arsenic concentration was not predicted by the modernization level of a village, although we observed significant differences among villages. In addition, urinary selenium concentration was higher in participants inhabiting more modernized houses. CONCLUSION Modernization of villages may impact toxic heavy metal exposure and selenium intake in rural residents of Northern Laos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Mizuno
- Department of Human Ecology, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Masuoka
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mihoko Kibe
- Department of Human Ecology, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Kosaka
- Department of Human Ecology, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kazuhiro Hirayama
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nouhak Inthavong
- Ministry of Health, Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute, Vientiane, Laos
| | | | - Shinsuke Tomita
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masahiro Umezaki
- Department of Human Ecology, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Di Maria F, Mastrantonio M, Uccelli R. The life cycle approach for assessing the impact of municipal solid waste incineration on the environment and on human health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 776:145785. [PMID: 33647657 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The impact of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) on the environment and on human health was assessed by a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. Even if risk assessment and epidemiologic analyses are specifically indicated for the investigation of the health outcomes, they resulted costly, time intensive and generally focused only on the effects caused by pollutant compounds directly emitted by the facility. Differently, LCA approaches are less time and cost intensive and able to account also for other indirect and direct emission of MSWI. However, results returned by LCA are based on average pollutant diffusion and individual exposure models limiting their representativeness for the specific context investigated. Furthermore, LCA is not able to return information about the final health outcomes caused by the pollutants emitted. The LCA performed for the Italian MSWI detected avoided impacts of about -0.11 kgPM2,5eq/tonne of MSW and of about -2.5 × 10-3 kgSbeq/tonne MSW for particulate matters and resource depletion, respectively. Positive impacts of about 900 kgCO2eq/tonne MSW and about 15,000 CTUe/tonne MSW were detected for global warming and freshwater ecotoxicity indicators, respectively. Avoided impacts of about -1 × 10-6 CTUh/tonne MSW and of about -2 × 10-4 DALY/tonne MSW were also detected for human toxicity cancer and human health indicators, respectively. Epidemiologic studies referred to different Italian and EU reported some correlations among MSWI and some specific cancer and non-cancer health outcomes. By the way, these resulted affected by some methodological limitation preventing the definitive identification of causal nexus. In any case, a general coherence between LCA and epidemiologic approaches was detected. Furthermore, a particular correspondence was found between LCA results and biomonitoring studies concerning the concentration of heavy metals in blood and urinary samples of exposed individuals. All this highlighted the important role that LCA can have in supporting health impact assessment of MSWI in combination with epidemiologic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Maria
- LAR(5) Laboratory - Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Perugia, via G. Duranti 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Marina Mastrantonio
- ENEA, National Agency for New technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Laboratory of Health and Environment, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Uccelli
- ENEA, National Agency for New technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Laboratory of Health and Environment, Rome, Italy
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24
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Anual ZF, Mohammad Sham N, Ambak R, Othman F, Shaharudin R. Urinary Concentrations of Metals and Metalloids in Malaysian Adults. EXPOSURE AND HEALTH 2021; 13:391-401. [PMID: 34722950 PMCID: PMC8550151 DOI: 10.1007/s12403-021-00390-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental pollutants in humans can be conducted through direct measurement of biological media such as blood, urine or hair. Assessment studies of metals and metalloids in Malaysia is very scarce although cross-sectional nationwide human biomonitoring surveys have been established by the USA, Canada, Germany, Spain, France, and Korea. This study aims to assess urinary metal levels namely cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) among Malaysian adults. This was a cross-sectional study involving 1440 adults between the age of 18 and 88 years old. After excluding those with 24 h urine samples of less than 500 ml, urine creatinine levels < 0.3 or > 3.0 g/L and those who refuse to participate in the study, a total of 817 respondents were included for analysis. A questionnaire with socio-demographic information such as age, gender, occupation, ethnic, academic qualification and medical history was administered to the respondents. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected in a container before being transported at 4 °C to the laboratory. Samples were then aliquoted into 15 ml tubes and kept at - 80 °C until further analysis. Urine was diluted ten-fold with ultrapure water, filtered and analysed for metals and metalloids using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The geometric mean of urinary As, Ni, Cd and Pb concentrations among adults in Malaysia was 48.21, 4.37, 0.32, and 0.80 µg/L, respectively. Males showed significantly higher urinary metal concentrations compared to females for As, Cd and Pb except for Ni. Those who resided in rural areas exhibited significantly higher As, Cd and Pb urinary concentrations than those who resided in urban areas. As there are no nationwide data on urinary metals, findings from this study could be used to identify high exposure groups, thus enabling policy makers to improve public health strategically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zurahanim Fasha Anual
- Environmental Health Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, 40170 Malaysia
| | - Noraishah Mohammad Sham
- Environmental Health Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, 40170 Malaysia
| | - Rashidah Ambak
- Centre for Nutrition Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, 40170 Malaysia
| | - Fatimah Othman
- Dietetic and Food Service Department, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Ministry of Health, Johor Bahru, 80000 Malaysia
| | - Rafiza Shaharudin
- Environmental Health Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, 40170 Malaysia
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25
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Bimonte VM, Besharat ZM, Antonioni A, Cella V, Lenzi A, Ferretti E, Migliaccio S. The endocrine disruptor cadmium: a new player in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1363-1377. [PMID: 33501614 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a highly toxic heavy metal, is found in soil, environment and contaminated water and food. Moreover, Cd is used in various industrial activities, such as electroplating, batteries production, fertilizers, while an important non-occupational source is represented by cigarette smoking, as Cd deposits in tobacco leaves. Since many years it is clear a strong correlation between Cd body accumulation and incidence of many diseases. Indeed, acute exposure to Cd can cause inflammation and affect many organs such as kidneys and liver. Furthermore, the attention has focused on its activity as environmental pollutant and endocrine disruptor able to interfere with metabolic and energy balance of living beings. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that the Cd-exposure is related to metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes and osteoporosis even if human studies are still controversial. Recent data show that Cd-exposure is associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension and endothelial damage that are responsible for cardiovascular diseases. Due to the large environmental diffusion of Cd, in this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning the role of Cd in the incidence of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Bimonte
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Section of Health Sciences, Foro Italico University, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Rome, Italy
| | - Z M Besharat
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Food Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viiale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Antonioni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Food Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viiale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - V Cella
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Section of Health Sciences, Foro Italico University, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Rome, Italy
| | - A Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Food Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viiale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - E Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Endocrinology and Food Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viiale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - S Migliaccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Section of Health Sciences, Foro Italico University, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, 00195, Rome, Italy.
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26
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Metal exposure of workers during recycling of electronic waste: a cross-sectional study in sheltered workshops in Germany. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021; 94:935-944. [PMID: 33486553 PMCID: PMC8238705 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01651-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives In Germany, the initial step of electronic waste (e-waste) recycling frequently takes place in sheltered workshops for physically and mentally handicapped workers (Werkstätten für behinderte Menschen (WfbM), in german language). E-waste recycling involves a potential risk of exposure to toxic metals. Therefore, we assessed the occupational exposure of recycling workers to toxic metals to identify potential health risks and insufficient protective measures. Methods We used a combined air- and bio-monitoring approach to determine exposure of recycling workers to toxic metals. Air and urine samples were collected in five sheltered workshops in Germany and were analysed for their content of aluminium, antimony, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, mercury and nickel. Results were compared to German and international occupational limit values and to metal exposures of workers in conventional e-waste recycling firms.
Results Exposure of recycling workers in five German sheltered workshops to the studied metals and their compounds was below German and international occupational limit values across all facilities studied considering both air and urine samples. Workers in the present study were not exposed to higher amounts of toxic metals than workers in conventional e-waste recycling firms. Conclusion This is the first study on toxic metal exposure of recycling workers in sheltered workshops. The results of this study revealed a low occupational exposure of e-waste recycling workers to toxic metals in this type of enterprises. Current work methods and safety measures provide the workers with adequate protection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00420-021-01651-9.
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27
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Sedlacko EM, Chaparro JM, Heuberger AL, Cath TY, Higgins CP. Effect of produced water treatment technologies on irrigation-induced metal and salt accumulation in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 740:140003. [PMID: 32559533 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Produced water (PW), a wastewater resulting from hydraulic fracturing and oil and gas production, has been utilized in arid regions for irrigation purposes and potentially presents a new water source for crop irrigation in areas of increasing water scarcity. However, there is a potential for both synthetic and geogenic contaminants in these waters to accumulate in irrigated food crops. This study assessed how water treatment technologies targeted at removal of salinity (i.e., total dissolved solids) and organic chemical content (i.e., dissolved organic carbon) from PW to achieve agricultural irrigation standards altered the impact of inorganic contaminants and nutrient uptake on two salt-tolerant food crops, sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and wheat (Triticum aestivum). The impacts of the treatment technologies on inorganic contaminant loadings in the irrigated soils were also assessed. Treatment technologies to improve PW quality decreased the adverse impacts on plant health; however, plant health was more affected by dilutions of PW than by the treatment technologies employed. Phenotypically, plants irrigated with 90% dilution (low) treatment groups, regardless of treatment technology, were comparable to controls; however, plants watered with high proportions (50%) of raw or treated PW displayed stunted growth, with reduced height and leaf area, and sunflower seed saw 100% yield loss. Although phenotypically similar, plants of the low treatment groups exhibited changes in the ionome, illustrating the influence of PW on plant uptake, translocation, and accumulation of metals, salts, and micronutrients. In addition, bioavailability of metals and nutrients was impacted by the unique and complex PW matrix: bioconcentration factors traditionally used to evaluate risk may therefore over or underestimate accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Sedlacko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Chaparro
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Adam L Heuberger
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Tzahi Y Cath
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Christopher P Higgins
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
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Medina-Reyes EI, Rodríguez-Ibarra C, Déciga-Alcaraz A, Díaz-Urbina D, Chirino YI, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Food additives containing nanoparticles induce gastrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and alterations in animal behavior: The unknown role of oxidative stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 146:111814. [PMID: 33068655 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Food additives such as titanium dioxide (E171), iron oxides and hydroxides (E172), silver (E174), and gold (E175) are highly used as colorants while silicon dioxide (E551) is generally used as anticaking in ultra-processed foodstuff highly used in the Western diets. These additives contain nanosized particles (1-100 nm) and there is a rising concern since these nanoparticles could exert major adverse effects due to they are not metabolized but are accumulated in several organs. Here, we analyze the evidence of gastrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and the impact of microbiota on gut-brain and gut-liver axis induced by E171, E172, E174, E175 and E551 and their non-food grade nanosized counterparts after oral consumption. Although, no studies using these food additives have been performed to evaluate neurotoxicity or alterations in animal behavior, their non-food grade nanosized counterparts have been associated with stress, depression, cognitive and eating disorders as signs of animal behavior alterations. We identified that these food additives induce gastrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and alterations in gut microbiota and most evidence points out oxidative stress as the main mechanism of toxicity, however, the role of oxidative stress as the main mechanism needs to be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefany I Medina-Reyes
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Carolina Rodríguez-Ibarra
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de Los Barrios No. 1, Tlalnepantla de Baz, CP 54090, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Déciga-Alcaraz
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de Los Barrios No. 1, Tlalnepantla de Baz, CP 54090, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Daniel Díaz-Urbina
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología de La Alimentación. Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de Los Barrios No. 1, Tlalnepantla de Baz, CP 54090, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Yolanda I Chirino
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Av. de Los Barrios No. 1, Tlalnepantla de Baz, CP 54090, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Kirichuk AA, Skalny AA, Rusakov AI, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV. Arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead levels in hair and urine in first-year RUDN University students of different geographic origins. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:34348-34356. [PMID: 32557050 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09683-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to assess the markers of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead exposure in first-year RUDN University students of different geographic origins. A total of 274 first-year students of the RUDN University originating from Russia (n = 65), Asia (n = 57), Middle East (n = 84), Africa (n = 40), and Latin America (n = 28) were enrolled in the present study. Evaluation of As, Cd, Hg, and Pb levels in urine and hair was performed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The obtained data demonstrate that hair As levels in foreign students exceed that in Russian examinees. The highest Cd and Pb levels were detected in subjects from Africa and Latin America, whereas hair Hg content was significantly higher in Latin America students. Urinary Cd levels in foreign students exceeded those in Russian counterparts. In turn, the highest Hg concentration in urine was revealed in students originating from Middle East and especially Latin America. Urinary Pb levels were found to be the highest in students from Africa. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that Asian, African, and Latin American origins were considered as a significant predictor of hair Hg content. Higher urinary Hg levels were associated with Asia, Middle East, and Latin American origins. Prior habitation in Africa and Asia was considered as predictor of higher hair Pb and urinary Cd levels. The observed difference may be indicative of geographic difference in toxic metal exposure patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly A Kirichuk
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia, 117198
| | - Andrey A Skalny
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia, 117198
| | | | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia, 117198
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia, 150003
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia, 119146
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia, 117198.
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia, 119146.
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agro-technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia, 460000.
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Li X, Huang Y, Xing Y, Hu C, Zhang W, Tang Y, Su W, Huo X, Zhou A, Xia W, Xu S, Chen D, Li Y. Association of urinary cadmium, circulating fatty acids, and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A nested case-control study in China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 137:105527. [PMID: 32007690 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have observed that cadmium (Cd) exposure of pregnant women was associated with increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the potential mechanism still remains unclear. In addition, various animal studies have suggested that Cd exposure could affect fatty acids (FAs) metabolism, but data on humans are scant. OBJECTIVES We conducted a nested case-control study to investigate the associations of urinary Cd concentrations with levels of circulating FAs and risk of GDM in pregnant women, and further to examine the role of FAs in mediating the relationship between Cd exposure and risk of GDM. METHODS A total of 305 GDM cases were matched to 305 controls on pregnant women's age (±2 years) and infant's gender from a birth cohort study conducted in Wuhan, China. Urinary Cd concentrations and levels of plasma FAs between 10 and 16 gestational weeks were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. Conditional logistic regressions models were used to estimate the associations of Cd concentrations and levels of FAs with the risk of GDM. Multiple linear regression models were applied to estimate the associations between Cd concentrations and levels of FAs. Mediation analysis was used to assess the mediating role of FAs in the association of Cd with the risk of GDM. RESULTS Urinary concentrations of Cd in cases (median: 0.69 μg/L) were significantly higher than controls (median: 0.59 μg/L, P < 0.05). Cd concentrations were positively associated with the risk of GDM (Ptrend = 0.003). Compared to the first tertile of Cd, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of GDM risk were 2.08 (1.29, 3.36) for the second tertile and 2.09 (1.32, 3.33) for the third tertile. Cd concentrations were positively correlated with levels of eicosadienoic acid and arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid ratio, but negatively correlated with levels of stearic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, total odd-chain saturated fatty acids, total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and n-3 PUFAs/n-6 PUFAs ratio. We did not observe evidence that the association of Cd exposure and risk of GDM was mediated through FAs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirmed the association of higher Cd exposure with increased risk of GDM in pregnant women, and provided forceful epidemiological evidence for the relation of Cd concentrations and levels of FAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yichao Huang
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Xing
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Su
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Huo
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aifen Zhou
- Wuhan Medical & Healthcare Center for Women and Children, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Chen
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Iamiceli AL, Abate V, Abballe A, Bena A, De Filippis SP, De Luca S, Fulgenzi AR, Iacovella N, Ingelido AM, Marra V, Miniero R, Farina E, Gandini M, Orengia M, De Felip E. Biomonitoring of the adult population in the area of turin waste incinerator: Baseline levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 181:108903. [PMID: 31806290 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was assessed in a cohort of 394 subjects, 198 residing in three small municipalities near a new waste-to-energy (WTE) incinerator located in the Turin area, and 196 residing in neighbouring control areas in the town (of Turin). The assessment of exposure to PAHs was part of a human biomonitoring study aimed at assessing potential incremental exposure to pollutants related to incineration activities through the analysis of such pollutants before the plant start-up, and after one and three years of operation. The exposure assessment described in this study was carried out before the start-up of the WTE incinerator. Ten monohydroxy-PAHs (OH-PAHs) were analyzed in urine samples, consisting in the principal metabolites of naphthalene (NAP), fluorene (FLU), phenanthrene (PHE), and pyrene (PYR). Concentrations of the sum of OH-PAHs (Σ10OH-PAHs) were in the range of 525-85200 ng/g creatinine, with P50 equal to 6770 ng/g creatinine. Metabolites of naphthalene were found at the highest concentrations (P50 values of 892 and 4300 ng/g creatinine for 1- and 2-OH-NAP, respectively) followed by the three OH-FLUs (P50 values of individual compounds in the range of 58.2-491 ng/g creatinine), the four OH-PHEs (P50 values in the range of 30.5-145 ng/g creatinine), and 1-OH-PYR (P50 value of 82.8 ng/g creatinine). Concentrations of 1-OH-NAP, 9-OH-FLU, 1-, 2-, 3, 4-OH-PHE, and 1-OH-PYR were significantly lower in subjects living near the WTE plant compared to those living in the town of Turin, with differences between the two groups in the range 14-31%. Smoking habits markedly influence the urinary concentrations OH-PAHs. Median concentrations of the single metabolites in smokers were from 1.4 fold (for 4-OH-PHE) to 14 fold higher (for 3-OH-FLU) than those observed in non-smokers. The heating system used also resulted to be a major contributor to PAH exposure. Concentrations of OH-PAHs were generally comparable with those observed in other industrialized countries. The profile pattern was consistent with those reported in the literature. Concentrations of OH-PAHs assessed in this study may be considered indicative of the background exposure to PAHs for adult population living in an urban and industrialized area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Laura Iamiceli
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Abate
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Abballe
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Bena
- Department of Epidemiology, ASL TO3, Via Sabaudia 164, 10095, Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Stefania P De Filippis
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia De Luca
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Fulgenzi
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Iacovella
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Ingelido
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Marra
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Miniero
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Farina
- Department of Epidemiology, ASL TO3, Via Sabaudia 164, 10095, Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Martina Gandini
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Regional Environmental Protection Agency, Via Pio VII 9, 10135, Turin, Italy
| | - Manuela Orengia
- Department of Epidemiology, ASL TO3, Via Sabaudia 164, 10095, Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Elena De Felip
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
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Yao Y, Wang D, Ma H, Li C, Chang X, Low P, Hammond SK, Turyk ME, Wang J, Liu S. The impact on T-regulatory cell related immune responses in rural women exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in household air pollution in Gansu, China: A pilot investigation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 173:306-317. [PMID: 30951957 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies found associations between impairments of immune functions and exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ambient air pollution in the U. S. and China. However, the results remain inconclusive due to the limitations of these studies. In this study, we aimed to examine the direction and magnitude of immune changes related to PAH exposure from household air pollution among rural women living in Gansu, China. Healthy village women (n = 34) were recruited and enrolled in the study. Questionnaires were administered. Blood and urine samples were collected and analyzed during non-heating (September 2017, "summer") and heating (January 2018, "winter") seasons. Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) was quantified as the biomarker of PAH exposure. To evaluate Treg cell related immune functions, we examined immunoglobulin E (IgE), percent of T-regulatory (Treg) cells, and gene expression of following: forkhead box transcription factor 3 (Foxp3), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interleukin 10 (IL-10), and interleukin 35 (IL-35), composed of interleukin-12 alpha (IL-12α) and Epstein-Barr-virus-induced gene 3 (EBi3). Urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was measured to evaluate oxidative DNA damage. The results showed that the concentration of 1-OHP increased from 0.90 to 17.4 μmol mol-Cr -1 from summer to winter (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, average percent of Treg cells decreased from 5.01% to 1.15% (p < 0.001); IgE and mRNA expressions of Foxp3, TGF-β, IL-10, IL-12α and EBi3 all significantly decreased (p < 0.001); Urinary 8-OHdG increased from 12.7 to 30.3 ng mg-Cr -1 (p < 0.001). The changes in 8-OHdG, Foxp3 and TGF-β were significantly associated with the increase of 1-OHP. The results suggested that we observed a substantial increase of PAH exposure in winter, which was significantly associated with the repression on Treg cell function and oxidative DNA damage. Exposure to PAHs in household air pollution possibly induced immune impairments among rural women in northwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueli Yao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Haitao Ma
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chengyun Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoru Chang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Patrick Low
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - S Katharine Hammond
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Mary Ellen Turyk
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Junling Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
| | - Sa Liu
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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33
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Lermen D, Bartel-Steinbach M, Gwinner F, Conrad A, Weber T, von Briesen H, Kolossa-Gehring M. Trends in characteristics of 24-h urine samples and their relevance for human biomonitoring studies – 20 years of experience in the German Environmental Specimen Bank. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 222:831-839. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Results of the first national human biomonitoring in Slovenia: Trace elements in men and lactating women, predictors of exposure and reference values. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 222:563-582. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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35
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Koller M, Böhlandt A, Haberl C, Nowak D, Schierl R. Environmental and biological monitoring on an oncology ward during a complete working week. Toxicol Lett 2018; 298:158-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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De Craemer S, Baeyens W, Leermakers M. Biomonitoring of total mercury in urine: method validation and sample stability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/bimo-2018-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Biomonitoring of mercury (Hg) in urine can provide valuable information on environmental exposure to inorganic and elemental Hg. However, this requires a method with a sufficiently low detection limit, and in addition, sample stability during storage needs to be addressed. We adapted a method described in the literature to obtain lower detection limits by decreasing dilution and optimizing the amount of reagents used, while also investigating matrix effects, within- and between measurement variability, and accuracy. We tested Hg stability in urine under different storage conditions and using different stabilizers suggested in the literature. A five-fold dilution of the urine sample with addition of optimized amounts of BrCl gave the best results regarding detection limits, which could be further improved by using a gold amalgamation preconcentration step (Autrap). Application of the method in a biomonitoring study allowed detection of Hg in 95% of the samples without Au trap, and resulted in mercury levels that were comparable to similar populations and influenced by expected variables (age, dental amalgam). Regardless of the sample storage conditions of urine samples in polypropylene bottles, Hg decreased during the first days of storage, then slowly regained or exceeded the originally measured concentration. From these experiments, it appears that storage of the samples frozen at -20°C for several weeks prior to analysis, without the addition of additives is the preferred method.
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Göen T, Lermen D, Hildebrand J, Bartel-Steinbach M, Weber T, Kolossa-Gehring M. Discovering time-trends of the German populations exposure to contaminants by analysis of human samples of the German Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB). Toxicol Lett 2018; 298:194-200. [PMID: 29906498 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The German Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB) is a monitoring instrument of the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety. The permanent biobank facility is run since 1981 containing environmental and human samples from Germany. All samples are collected according to standard operating procedures (SOP). An standardized annual collection of human samples at four different regional sites of the country has been established since 1997. Routine sampling is done once a year, recruiting healthy non occupationally exposed students aged 20-29 years, in an equal gender distribution. The number of participants recruited is approximately 120 students per site and year. Directly after the annual sampling process, the human samples are analyzed for selected environmental chemicals. The time-trends of lead in blood, mercury and pentachlorophenol in 24 h-urine and polychlorinated biphenyls in plasma demonstrated a decrease of exposure during the last two decades by about 40-90 percent. In parallel retrospective studies using cryo-archived samples revealed increasing time trends of emerging chemicals used as substitutes for regulated toxicants. The data demonstrates the great relevance of the ESB for the health related environmental monitoring and shows the importance of human biomonitoring as a tool in information based policy making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Göen
- Institute and Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine (IPASUM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Dominik Lermen
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, IBMT, Sulzbach, Germany
| | - Jörg Hildebrand
- Institute and Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine (IPASUM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Till Weber
- German Environment Agency, UBA, Berlin, Germany
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Kabdaşlı I, Tünay O. Nutrient recovery by struvite precipitation, ion exchange and adsorption from source-separated human urine – a review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/21622515.2018.1473504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Işık Kabdaşlı
- Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, İstanbul Technical University, Sarıyer, İstanbul, Republic of Turkey
| | - Olcay Tünay
- Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, İstanbul Technical University, Sarıyer, İstanbul, Republic of Turkey
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39
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Khoury C, Werry K, Haines D, Walker M, Malowany M. Human biomonitoring reference values for some non-persistent chemicals in blood and urine derived from the Canadian Health Measures Survey 2009–2013. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2018; 221:684-696. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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40
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Dietary exposure to cadmium and health risk assessment in children – Results of the French infant total diet study. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 115:358-364. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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41
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Tisch M, Faulde MK, Maier H. Genotoxic Effects of Pentachlorophenol, Lindane, Transfluthrin, Cyfluthrin, and Natural Pyrethrum on Human Mucosal Cells of the Inferior and Middle Nasal Conchae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/194589240501900206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Animal experiments and epidemiological studies suggest that pentachlorophenol (PCP) and γ-hexachlorocyclo-hexane (lindane) should be classified as possible human carcinogens. In the past, both have had a variety of applications in the civilian and military sectors and in forestry. They have, e.g., been used to impregnate and treat uniforms and other fabrics and to control human lice. Animal experiments indicate that PCP in particular causes mutations and chromosome aberrations and thus DNA damage. Studies on whether or not this also applies to newer substances and especially to natural type I and type II pyrethroids still are not available. What is particularly lacking are data on the genotoxic effects of these substances on human target cells. Our study describes the genotoxic effects of PCP, lindane, transfluthrin, cyfluthrin, and natural pyrethrum on human mucosal cells of the inferior and middle nasal conchae. Methods Epithelial cells were isolated from nasal mucosa, which was removed in the surgical treatment of chronic sinusitis and nasal concha hyperplasia. After the cells had been tested for vitality using the trypan blue exclusion test, the short-term culture method was used. The material was incubated with PCP (0.3, 0.75, and 1.2 mmol), lindane (0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 mmol), transfluthrin (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 mmol), cyfluthrin (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 mmol), natural pyrethrum (0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 mmol), and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine for 60 minutes. Substance-induced DNA damage (single-strand and double-strand breaks) were determined using single-cell microgel electrophoresis. A fluorescence microscope was used together with an image processing system to analyze the results obtained. Results After exposure to all tested substances, a high percentage of the cells of the middle nasal concha in particular were found to have severely fragmented DNA as a result of strong genotoxic effects. Although the reaction of the cells of the inferior nasal concha was significantly less strong (p < 0.001), the tested substances were nevertheless found to have a notable genotoxic effect on these cells too. Conclusions Our study strongly suggests that exposure to PCP, lindane, transfluthrin, cyfluthrin, and natural pyrethrum has a genotoxic effect on the epithelial cells of human nasal mucosa. In addition, we have shown that nasal structures differ in susceptibility to the various pesticides used in the tests. Thus, the study provides new evidence supporting the biological plausibility of PCP- and lindane-induced effects, thereby helping evaluate potential PCP- and lindane-induced mucous membrane carcinomas of these parts of the nose. In addition, our study shows that other substances that today are widely used for controlling pests have a considerable genotoxic effect on human target cells. The results obtained indicate the need for additional studies on the genotoxicity of these substances and their adverse effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Tisch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Bundeswehr Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael K. Faulde
- Department of Medical Zoology, Central Institute of the Bundeswehr Medical Service, Koblenz, Germany
| | - Heinz Maier
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Bundeswehr Hospital, Ulm, Germany
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Park H, Kim K. Concentrations of 2,4-Dichlorophenol and 2,5-Dichlorophenol in Urine of Korean Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15040589. [PMID: 29587398 PMCID: PMC5923631 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15040589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to the environmental pollutants 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and 2,5-dichlorophenol (2,5-DCP) through air, the use of water and the consumption of products. In this study, we evaluated the urinary concentrations of these compounds in Korean people between the ages of 18 to 69 years, by making use of data from the Korean National Human Biomonitoring Survey that was completed in 2009. Of 1865 representative Koreans, 63.4% and 97.9% were found to have concentrations of 2,4-DCP and 2,5-DCP > 0.05 μg/L (limit of detection) in their urine, respectively. The geometric mean of urinary concentrations was 0.14 μg/L (confidence interval of 95% = 0.13–0.16) and 0.44 μg/L (confidence interval = 0.41–0.48), respectively. It was found that the adjusted proportional changes in 2,4-DCP concentrations were significantly associated with body mass index, whereas those of 2,5-DCP concentrations were influenced by place of residence. From these findings, it is evident that most adults in Korea have levels of 2,4-DCP and 2,5-DCP that are detectable in their urine and the burden of these compounds on their bodies varies depending on numerous demographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Park
- Department of International Healthcare Administration, Daegu Catholic University, Kyungbuk 38430, Korea.
| | - Kisok Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea.
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Rentschler G, Rodushkin I, Cerna M, Chen C, Harari F, Harari R, Horvat M, Hruba F, Kasparova L, Koppova K, Krskova A, Krsnik M, Laamech J, Li YF, Löfmark L, Lundh T, Lundström NG, Lyoussi B, Mazej D, Osredkar J, Pawlas K, Pawlas N, Prokopowicz A, Skerfving S, Snoj Tratnik J, Spevackova V, Spiric Z, Sundkvist A, Strömberg U, Vadla D, Wranova K, Zizi S, Bergdahl IA. Platinum, palladium, rhodium, molybdenum and strontium in blood of urban women in nine countries. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2018; 221:223-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Urinary Arsenic in Human Samples from Areas Characterized by Natural or Anthropogenic Pollution in Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15020299. [PMID: 29425136 PMCID: PMC5858368 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is ubiquitous and has a potentially adverse impact on human health. We compared the distribution of concentrations of urinary inorganic arsenic plus methylated forms (uc(iAs+MMA+DMA)) in four Italian areas with other international studies, and we assessed the relationship between uc(iAs+MMA+DMA) and various exposure factors. We conducted a human biomonitoring study on 271 subjects (132 men) aged 20-44, randomly sampled and stratified by area, gender, and age. Data on environmental and occupational exposure and dietary habits were collected through a questionnaire. Arsenic was speciated using chromatographic separation and inductively coupled mass spectrometry. Associations between uc(iAs+MMA+DMA) and exposure factors were evaluated using the geometric mean ratio (GMR) with a 90% confidence interval by stepwise multiple regression analysis. The 95th percentile value of uc(iAs+MMA+DMA) for the whole sample (86.28 µg/L) was higher than other national studies worldwide. A statistical significant correlation was found between uc(iAs+MMA+DMA) and occupational exposure (GMR: 2.68 [1.79-4.00]), GSTT gene (GMR: 0.68 [0.52-0.80]), consumption of tap water (GMR: 1.35 [1.02-1.77]), seafood (GMR: 1.44 [1.11-1.88]), whole milk (GMR: 1.34 [1.04-1.73]), and fruit/vegetables (GMR: 1.37 [1.03-1.82]). This study demonstrated the utility of uc(iAs+MMA+DMA) as a biomarker to assess environmental exposure. In a public health context, this information could be used to support remedial action, to prevent individuals from being further exposed to environmental arsenic sources.
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Bochud M, Jenny-Burri J, Pruijm M, Ponte B, Guessous I, Ehret G, Petrovic D, Dudler V, Haldimann M, Escher G, Dick B, Mohaupt M, Paccaud F, Burnier M, Péchère-Bertschi A, Martin PY, Vogt B, Ackermann D. Urinary Cadmium Excretion Is Associated With Increased Synthesis of Cortico- and Sex Steroids in a Population Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:748-758. [PMID: 29077874 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Urinary cadmium (Cd) excretion is associated with cancer and cardiovascular morbidity. A potential mechanism could be disturbance of steroidogenesis in gonads and adrenal glands. OBJECTIVE We tested whether urinary excretion of Cd is correlated with that of cortico- and sex steroid metabolites in the general adult population. SETTING The Swiss Kidney Project on Genes in Hypertension is a multicentric, family-based population study. MEASURES Urinary excretions of steroid hormone metabolites and Cd were measured with separate day and night collections. Associations were analyzed by mixed linear models. RESULTS Urinary Cd and testosterone excretions in men were significantly correlated (respective day and night β values [standard error (SE)], 1.378 [0.242], P < 0.0005; and 1.440 [0.333], P < 0.0005), but not in women [0.333(0.257), P = 0.2; and 0.674 (0.361), P = 0.06]. Urinary Cd and cortisol excretions were positively associated in both sexes [day: β = 0.475 (SE, 0.157), P = 0.0025, and 0.877 (SE, 0.194), P < 0.0005, respectively; night: β = 0.875 (SE, 0.253), P < 0.0005 and 1.183 (SE, 0.277), P = 0.00002, respectively]. Cd excretion was correlated with mineralocorticoid metabolites excretion, except tetrahydroaldosterone, in both sexes (P < 0.01). There was an independent effect of Cd on sex hormone and corticosteroid synthesis and an interdependent effect on gluco- and mineralcorticoid production. CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence for a global stimulating effect on steroid synthesis already at low-dose Cd exposure. These findings might explain the association of Cd with diseases such as steroid-sensitive cancers or metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murielle Bochud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Judith Jenny-Burri
- Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office, Risk Assessment Division, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Menno Pruijm
- Service of Nephrology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Belen Ponte
- Service of Nephrology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Idris Guessous
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Georg Ehret
- Cardiology, Department of Specialties of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dusan Petrovic
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Dudler
- Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office, Risk Assessment Division, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Max Haldimann
- Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office, Risk Assessment Division, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Geneviève Escher
- Department for Nephrology and Hypertension, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Dick
- Department for Nephrology and Hypertension, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Mohaupt
- Department for Nephrology and Hypertension, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fred Paccaud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Burnier
- Service of Nephrology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antoinette Péchère-Bertschi
- Service of Endocrinology, Department of Specialties of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Yves Martin
- Service of Nephrology, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Vogt
- Department for Nephrology and Hypertension, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ackermann
- Department for Nephrology and Hypertension, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Honda M, Kannan K. Biomonitoring of chlorophenols in human urine from several Asian countries, Greece and the United States. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 232:487-493. [PMID: 28966025 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophenols (CPs) are used in the production of pesticides and preservatives. Although human exposure to CPs has been known for years, current exposure levels to these chemicals in Asian countries are not known. In this study, we analyzed concentrations of eight CPs in 300 human urine samples collected from nine countries. Of these CPs, 2,5-dichlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol were found at the highest median concentrations (median for all nine countries: 1.78 and 0.34 ng/mL, respectively). Pentachlorophenol was found in 59% of the samples analyzed at a median concentration of 0.07 ng/mL. Urine samples from Japan had the highest concentration of total CPs (median: 16.7 ng/mL) with 2,5-dichlorophenol accounting for 93.1% of the total concentration. The estimated daily intake (DI) for precursors of dichlorophenols varied widely, but several samples showed values higher than the acceptable DI recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These results suggest that CP exposure, especially to dichlorophenols, is prevalent in several countries, particularly in Asia, suggesting a pressing need for further assessment of the global sources and potential health effects of these chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Honda
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201-0509, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12201-0509, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York at Albany, NY 12201-0509, USA.
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Lepage N, Canal-Raffin M, Villa A. Propositions pour la mise en œuvre d’une surveillance biologique de l’exposition professionnelle aux médicaments anticancéreux. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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48
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Exposition de la population française aux substances chimiques de l’environnement – Étude ENNS 2006–2007. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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49
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Eom SY, Seo MN, Lee YS, Park KS, Hong YS, Sohn SJ, Kim YD, Choi BS, Lim JA, Kwon HJ, Kim H, Park JD. Low-Level Environmental Cadmium Exposure Induces Kidney Tubule Damage in the General Population of Korean Adults. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 73:401-409. [PMID: 28819681 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-017-0443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is the most potent nephrotoxic heavy metal and may affect bone; it also has a long biological half-life in the human body. This study was designed to assess the effect of environmental low-level Cd exposure on kidney function and bone in the general population. The subjects of this cross-sectional study were 1907 healthy Korean adults who had not been exposed to Cd occupationally. We analyzed the concentrations of Cd in the urine, markers of renal tubule damage, such as β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity in the urine, calculated the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using serum creatinine, and measured bone mineral density (BMD). Also, we analyzed malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the urine. The geometric mean concentration of Cd in urine was higher in women (1.36 μg/g creatinine) than in men (0.82 μg/g creatinine). Urinary Cd was significantly positively correlated with urinary β2-MG and NAG activity, whereas it was negatively correlated with eGFR and BMD. The risk of renal tubule damage was significantly associated with urine Cd level, and the association remained significant after controlling for various confounding variables. However, no association was observed between urinary Cd level and glomerular dysfunction or bone damage. The concentration of MDA was increased with urinary Cd level in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that low-level environmental Cd exposure may cause microscopic damage to renal tubules through oxidative stress but might not impair kidney glomeruli or bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yong Eom
- College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Mi-Na Seo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 156-756, Korea
| | - Young-Sub Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 156-756, Korea
| | - Kyung-Su Park
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Seok-Joon Sohn
- College of Medicine, Chonnam University, Kwangju, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Dae Kim
- College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Byung-Sun Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 156-756, Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Lim
- College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ho-Jang Kwon
- College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Heon Kim
- College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jung-Duck Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heukseok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul, 156-756, Korea.
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Huang K, Li H, Zhang B, Zheng T, Li Y, Zhou A, Du X, Pan X, Yang J, Wu C, Jiang M, Peng Y, Huang Z, Xia W, Xu S. Prenatal cadmium exposure and preterm low birth weight in China. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2017; 27:491-496. [PMID: 27436694 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2016.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Early studies have investigated the effect of prenatal cadmium (Cd) exposure on birth outcomes, such as preterm birth and low birth weight, although the results of these studies are inconsistent. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between prenatal exposure to Cd and the risk of preterm low birth weight (PLBW). A total of 408 mother-infant pairs (102 PLBW cases and 306 pair matched controls) were selected from the participants enrolled in the Healthy Baby Cohort (HBC) study between 2012 and 2014 in Hubei province, China. Concentrations of Cd in maternal urine collected before delivery were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and adjusted by creatinine. A significant association was observed between higher maternal urinary Cd levels and risk of PLBW (adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.75 for the medium tertile, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88, 3.47; adjusted OR=2.51 for the highest tertile, 95% CI: 1.24, 5.07; P trend=0.03). The association was more pronounced among female infants than male infants. Our study suggested that prenatal exposure to Cd at the current level encountered in China may potentially increase the risk of delivering PLBW infants, particularly for female infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown Universtiy, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Aifen Zhou
- Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofu Du
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuansha Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Minmin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education &Ministry of Environmental Protection (HUST) and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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