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Aalto AL, Luukkonen V, Meinander A. Ubiquitin signalling in Drosophila innate immune responses. FEBS J 2023. [PMID: 38069549 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Cells respond to invading pathogens and danger signals from the environment by adapting gene expression to meet the need for protective effector molecules. While this innate immune response is required for the cell and the organism to recover, excess immune activation may lead to loss of homeostasis, thereby promoting chronic inflammation and cancer progression. The molecular basis of innate immune defence is comprised of factors promoting survival and proliferation, such as cytokines, antimicrobial peptides and anti-apoptotic proteins. As the molecular mechanisms regulating innate immune responses are conserved through evolution, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster serves as a convenient, affordable and ethical model organism to enhance understanding of immune signalling. Fly immunity against bacterial infection is built up by both cellular and humoral responses, where the latter is regulated by the Imd and Toll pathways activating NF-κB transcription factors Relish, Dorsal and Dif, as well as JNK activation and JAK/STAT signalling. As in mammals, the Drosophila innate immune signalling pathways are characterised by ubiquitination of signalling molecules followed by ubiquitin receptors binding to the ubiquitin chains, as well as by rapid changes in protein levels by ubiquitin-mediated targeted proteasomal and lysosomal degradation. In this review, we summarise the molecular signalling pathways regulating immune responses to pathogen infection in Drosophila, with a focus on ubiquitin-dependent control of innate immunity and inflammatory signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Aalto
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Veera Luukkonen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Annika Meinander
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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2
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Srisawat K, Stead CA, Hesketh K, Pogson M, Strauss JA, Cocks M, Siekmann I, Phillips SM, Lisboa PJ, Shepherd S, Burniston JG. People with obesity exhibit losses in muscle proteostasis that are partly improved by exercise training. Proteomics 2023:e2300395. [PMID: 37963832 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
This pilot experiment examines if a loss in muscle proteostasis occurs in people with obesity and whether endurance exercise positively influences either the abundance profile or turnover rate of proteins in this population. Men with (n = 3) or without (n = 4) obesity were recruited and underwent a 14-d measurement protocol of daily deuterium oxide (D2 O) consumption and serial biopsies of vastus lateralis muscle. Men with obesity then completed 10-weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), encompassing 3 sessions per week of cycle ergometer exercise with 1 min intervals at 100% maximum aerobic power interspersed by 1 min recovery periods. The number of intervals per session progressed from 4 to 8, and during weeks 8-10 the 14-d measurement protocol was repeated. Proteomic analysis detected 352 differences (p < 0.05, false discovery rate < 5%) in protein abundance and 19 (p < 0.05) differences in protein turnover, including components of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. HIIT altered the abundance of 53 proteins and increased the turnover rate of 22 proteins (p < 0.05) and tended to benefit proteostasis by increasing muscle protein turnover rates. Obesity and insulin resistance are associated with compromised muscle proteostasis, which may be partially restored by endurance exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Connor A Stead
- Research Institute for Sport, & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, UK
| | - Katie Hesketh
- Research Institute for Sport, & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mark Pogson
- Research Institute for Sport, & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Matt Cocks
- Research Institute for Sport, & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ivo Siekmann
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Stuart M Phillips
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paulo J Lisboa
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sam Shepherd
- Research Institute for Sport, & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool, UK
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3
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Ma Q, Bao J, Sun N, Yang X, Liu L, Chen Y, Guo W, Gao L. Clinicopathological significance and prognostic implications of Ube2v1 expression in colorectal cancer. MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2023; 3:59. [PMID: 37954522 PMCID: PMC10636623 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2023.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 variant 1 (Ube2v1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its clinical significance. The differential expression of Ube2v1 in CRC tissues and normal intestinal tissues, as well as the association between Ube2v1 expression and the prognosis of patients with CRC were analyzed using bioinformatics analyses. TIMER database analysis revealed higher Ube2v1 expression in CRC tissues than in normal intestinal tissues. Cancerous and normal tissues collected retrospectively from 37 cases of CRC between July, 2022 and June, 2023 were analyzed for Ube2v1 expression using immunohistochemistry, and the associations between Ube2v1 expression and the clinical pathological features of patients with CRC were analyzed. Ube2v1 expression was associated with lymph node metastasis in patients with CRC (P<0.05). However, bioinformatics analysis using the GEPIA2 and HPA database revealed that Ube2v1 was not associated with the overall survival of patients with CRC. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that due to its high expression and association with lymph node metastasis, Ube2v1 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- Department of Pathology, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Jin Bao
- Department of Pathology, Fangzi District People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261200, P.R. China
| | - Naiying Sun
- Department of Pathology, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Xingjie Yang
- Department of Pathology, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Pathology, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Pathology, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Guo
- Department of Pathology, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Lixiang Gao
- Department of Pathology, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
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Yang Z, Wu G, Zhao J, Shi G, Zhou J, Zhou X. UBE2V2 promotes metastasis by regulating EMT and predicts a poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:19850-19865. [PMID: 37755128 PMCID: PMC10587983 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE As a member of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) family, UBE2V2 demonstrates significant tumorigenicity in many cancers. However, the relationship between UBE2V2 expression and the morbidity of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is still unknown. METHODS We detected the mRNA and protein expression of UBE2V2 and analyzed its relationship with clinical parameters as well as survival prognosis based on bioinformatic and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in LUAD. The signaling pathway of UBE2V2 in the development of LUAD was obtained by GSEA. The TIMER database was used to investigate the association between UBE2V2 expression and the level of infiltration of different immune cells. Finally, we explored the effects of UBE2V2 knockdown on the proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of LUAD cells. RESULTS The results showed that UBE2V2 was a potential oncogene and might be considered an independent prognostic molecule for LUAD patients based on TCGA prediction (HR: 1.497 p = 0.012) and IHC (HR:1.864 p = 0.044). IHC showed that UBE2V2 was related to the following clinicopathological factors: gender (p = 0.043), stage (p = 0.042), and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.002). Finally, knockdown of UBE2V2 reduced the migration of LUAD cells by regulating EMT-related proteins. Knockdown of UBE2V2 induced LUAD cells to arrest in the G1 phase. Knockdown of UBE2V2 increased LUAD cell apoptosis and decreased proliferation, which might be related to the downregulation of PCNA and upregulation of P53 and ƳH2AX expression. Interestingly, UBE2V2 is negatively correlated with B cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. CONCLUSION UBE2V2 may be a valuable therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yang
- Department of Respiratory MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Gujie Wu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryZhongshan Hospital Fudan UniversityshanghaiChina
| | - Jianmei Zhao
- Department of PediatricsAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Guanglin Shi
- Department of respiratory medicineThe sixth people's hospital of NantongNantongChina
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Respiratory MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- Department of Respiratory MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
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5
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Tizoxanide Antiviral Activity on Dengue Virus Replication. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030696. [PMID: 36992406 PMCID: PMC10055917 DOI: 10.3390/v15030696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus is an important circulating arbovirus in Brazil responsible for high morbidity and mortality worldwide, representing a huge economic and social burden, in addition to affecting public health. In this study, the biological activity, toxicity, and antiviral activity against dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) of tizoxanide (TIZ) was evaluated in Vero cell culture. TIZ has a broad spectrum of action in inhibiting different pathogens, including bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Cells were infected for 1 h with DENV-2 and then treated for 24 h with different concentrations of the drug. The quantification of viral production indicated the antiviral activity of TIZ. The protein profiles in infected Vero cells treated and not treated with TIZ were analyzed using the label-free quantitative proteomic approach. TIZ was able to inhibit virus replication mainly intracellularly after DENV-2 penetration and before the complete replication of the viral genome. Additionally, the study of the protein profile of infected not-treated and infected-treated Vero cells showed that TIZ interferes with cellular processes such as intracellular trafficking and vesicle-mediated transport and post-translational modifications when added after infection. Our results also point to the activation of immune response genes that would eventually lead to a decrease of DENV-2 production. TIZ is a promising therapeutic molecule for the treatment of DENV-2 infections.
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Kumasaruge I, Wen R, Wang L, Gao P, Peng G, Xiao W. Systematic characterization of Brassica napus UBC13 genes involved in DNA-damage response and K63-linked polyubiquitination. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:24. [PMID: 36631796 PMCID: PMC9835285 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04035-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ubc13 is the only known ubiquitin conjugating enzyme (Ubc/E2) dedicated to promoting Lys (K)63-linked polyubiquitination, and this process requires a Ubc/E2 variant (UEV). Unlike conventional K48-linked polyubiquitination that targets proteins for degradation, K63-linked polyubiquitination, which is involved in several cellular processes, does not target proteins for degradation but alter their activities. RESULTS In this study we report the identification and functional characterization of 12 Brassica napus UBC13 genes. All the cloned UBC13 gene products were able to physically interact with AtUev1D, an Arabidopsis UEV, to form stable complexes that are capable of catalyzing K63-linked polyubiquitination in vitro. Furthermore, BnUBC13 genes functionally complemented the yeast ubc13 null mutant defects in spontaneous mutagenesis and DNA-damage responses, suggesting that BnUBC13s can replace yeast UBC13 in mediating K63-linked polyubiquitination and error-free DNA-damage tolerance. CONCLUSION Collectively, this study provides convincing data to support notions that B. napus Ubc13s promote K63-linked polyubiquitination and are probably required for abiotic stress response. Since plant Ubc13-UEV are also implicated in other developmental and stress responses, this systematic study sets a milestone in exploring roles of K63-linked polyubiquitination in this agriculturally important crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanthi Kumasaruge
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Rui Wen
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0X2, Canada
| | - Lipu Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - Peng Gao
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0X2, Canada
| | - Gary Peng
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0X2, Canada
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Ng ASN, Zhang S, Mak VCY, Zhou Y, Yuen Y, Sharma R, Lu Y, Zhuang G, Zhao W, Pang HH, Cheung LWT. AKTIP loss is enriched in ERα-positive breast cancer for tumorigenesis and confers endocrine resistance. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111821. [PMID: 36516775 PMCID: PMC9837615 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent deletion of 16q12.2 is observed in luminal breast cancer, yet the causal genomic alterations in this region are largely unknown. In this study, we identify that loss of AKTIP, which is located on 16q12.2, drives tumorigenesis of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-positive, but not ERα-negative, breast cancer cells and is associated with poor prognosis of patients with ERα-positive breast cancer. Intriguingly, AKTIP-depleted tumors have increased ERα protein level and activity. Cullin-associated and neddylation-dissociated protein 1 (CAND1), which regulates the cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases, protects ERα from cullin 2-dependent proteasomal degradation. Apart from ERα signaling, AKTIP loss triggers JAK2-STAT3 activation, which provides an alternative survival signal when ERα is inhibited. AKTIP-depleted MCF7 cells and ERα-positive patient-derived organoids are more resistant to ERα antagonists. Importantly, the resistance can be overcome by co-inhibition of JAK2/STAT3. Together, our results highlight the subtype-specific functional consequences of AKTIP loss and provide a mechanistic explanation for the enriched AKTIP copy-number loss in ERα-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel S N Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shibo Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Victor C Y Mak
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yin Yuen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, Center for PanorOmic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiling Lu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guanglei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Integrative Tumor Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Herbert H Pang
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lydia W T Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Burge RJ, Jameson KH, Wilkinson AJ, Mottram JC. In vitro Di-ubiquitin Formation Assay and E3 Cooperation Assay. Bio Protoc 2022; 12:e4547. [PMID: 36505023 PMCID: PMC9711943 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification conserved across eukaryotic species. It contributes to a variety of regulatory pathways, including proteasomal degradation, DNA repair, and cellular differentiation. The ubiquitination of substrate proteins typically requires three ubiquitination enzymes: a ubiquitin-activating E1, a ubiquitin-conjugating E2, and an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Cooperation between E2s and E3s is required for substrate ubiquitination, but some ubiquitin-conjugating E2s are also able to catalyze by themselves the formation of free di-ubiquitin, independently or in cooperation with a ubiquitin E2 variant. Here, we describe a method for assessing (i) di-ubiquitin formation by an E1 together with an E2 and an E2 variant, and (ii) the cooperation of an E3 with an E1 and E2 (with or without the E2 variant). Reaction products are assessed using western blotting with one of two antibodies: the first detects all ubiquitin conjugates, while the second specifically recognizes K63-linked ubiquitin. This allows unambiguous identification of ubiquitinated species and assessment of whether K63 linkages are present. We have developed these methods for studying ubiquitination proteins of Leishmania mexicana , specifically the activities of the E2, UBC2, and the ubiquitin E2 variant UEV1, but we anticipate the assays to be applicable to other ubiquitination systems with UBC2/UEV1 orthologues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J. Burge
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Katie H. Jameson
- York Biomedical Research Institute & York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
| | - Anthony J. Wilkinson
- York Biomedical Research Institute & York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK
| | - Jeremy C. Mottram
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
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9
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Yang K, Xiao W. Functions and mechanisms of the Ubc13-UEV complex and lysine 63-linked polyubiquitination in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:5372-5387. [PMID: 35640002 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitination is one of the best-known post-translational modifications in eukaryotes, in which different linkage types of polyubiquitination result in different outputs of the target proteins. Distinct from the well-characterized K48-linked polyubiquitination that usually serves as a signal for degradation of the target protein, K63-linked polyubiquitination often requires a unique E2 heterodimer Ubc13-UEV and alters the target protein activity instead of marking it for degradation. This review focuses on recent advances on the roles of Ubc13-UEV-mediated K63-linked polyubiquitination in plant growth, development, and response to environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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10
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Kolobynina KG, Rapp A, Cardoso MC. Chromatin Ubiquitination Guides DNA Double Strand Break Signaling and Repair. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:928113. [PMID: 35865631 PMCID: PMC9294282 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.928113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin is the context for all DNA-based molecular processes taking place in the cell nucleus. The initial chromatin structure at the site of the DNA damage determines both, lesion generation and subsequent activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway. In turn, proceeding DDR changes the chromatin at the damaged site and across large fractions of the genome. Ubiquitination, besides phosphorylation and methylation, was characterized as an important chromatin post-translational modification (PTM) occurring at the DNA damage site and persisting during the duration of the DDR. Ubiquitination appears to function as a highly versatile “signal-response” network involving several types of players performing various functions. Here we discuss how ubiquitin modifiers fine-tune the DNA damage recognition and response and how the interaction with other chromatin modifications ensures cell survival.
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Chua MD, Mineva GM, Guttman JA. Ube2N is present and functions within listeria Actin-rich structures and lamellipodia: A localization and pharmacological inhibition study. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2022; 306:1140-1148. [PMID: 35488878 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton forms much of the structure needed for the intracellular motility of an assortment of microbes as well as entire cells. The co-factor to the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme Ube2N (Ube2V1) has been implicated in both cancer cell metastasis and lysine-63 ubiquitylation of β actin. As this protein complexes with Ube2N, we sought to investigate whether Ube2N itself was involved in actin-based events occurring during the Listeria monocytogenes infections as well as within motile whole cells. Through examination of L. monocytogenes actin clouds, comet tails and membrane protrusions as well as lamellipodia in migrating cells, we show that Ube2N is recruited to actin-rich structures. When pharmacologically inhibited we demonstrate that Ube2N is crucial for the function of actin-rich structures when associated with the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dominic Chua
- Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gabriela Miroslavova Mineva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julian Andrew Guttman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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12
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Zeng C, Xiao W. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of UBC13 and MMS2 from Candida albicans. Gene 2022; 816:146163. [PMID: 34995738 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
To maintain genome stability, eukaryotes have evolved a powerful DNA damage response system called DNA-damage tolerance (DDT) to deal with replication-blocking lesions. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, K63-linked polyubiquitination of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is mediated by a Ubc13-Mms2 heterodimer, leading to error-free DDT. Candida albicans is one of the most studied fungal pathogens and to date no data regarding K63-linked ubiquitination or error-free DDT has been available. Here we report the identification and functional characterization of UBC13 and MMS2 genes from C. albicans. Both genes are highly conserved between S. cerevisiae and C. albicans. However, CaUbc13 differs from all other eukaryotes in that it contains a 21-amino acid tail that appears to attenuate its interaction with CaMms2, suggesting a possible regulatory mechanism in C. albicans. Both CaUBC13 and CaMMS2 genes can functionally rescue the corresponding budding yeast mutants from increased spontaneous mutagenesis and killing by DNA-damaging agents, indicating an error-free DDT pathway in C. albicans. Indeed Caubc13Δ/Δ and Camms2Δ/Δ null mutants were constructed and displayed characteristic sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanwen Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada.
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13
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Zhu Z, Cao C, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Liu L, Wu D, Sun J. UBE2T-mediated Akt ubiquitination and Akt/β-catenin activation promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development by increasing pyrimidine metabolism. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:154. [PMID: 35169125 PMCID: PMC8847552 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04596-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The oncogene protein ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T (UBE2T) is reported to be upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and correlated with poor clinical outcomes of HCC patients. However, the underlying mechanism by which UBE2T exerts its oncogenic function in HCC remains largely unexplored. In this study, in vitro and in vivo experiments suggested that UBE2T promoted HCC development including proliferation and metastasis. GSEA analysis indicated that UBE2T was positively correlated with pyrimidine metabolism, and LC/MS-MS metabolomics profiling revealed that the key products of pyrimidine metabolism were significantly increased in UBE2T-overexpressing cells. UBE2T overexpression led to the upregulation of several key enzymes catalyzing de novo pyrimidine synthesis, including CAD, DHODH, and UMPS. Moreover, the utilization of leflunomide, a clinically approved DHODH inhibitor, blocked the effect of UBE2T in promoting HCC progression. Mechanistically, UBE2T increased Akt K63-mediated ubiquitination and Akt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation. The disruption of UBE2T-mediated ubiquitination on Akt, including E2-enzyme-deficient mutation (C86A) of UBE2T and ubiquitination-site-deficient mutation (K8/14 R) of Akt impaired UBE2T’s effect in upregulating CAD, DHODH, and UMPS. Importantly, we demonstrated that UBE2T was positively correlated with p-Akt, β-catenin, CAD, DHODH, and UMPS in HCC tumor tissues. In summary, our study indicates that UBE2T increases pyrimidine metabolism by promoting Akt K63-linked ubiquitination, thus contributing to HCC development. This work provides a novel insight into HCC development and a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC patients.
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Madiraju C, Novack JP, Reed JC, Matsuzawa SI. K63 ubiquitination in immune signaling. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:148-162. [PMID: 35033428 PMCID: PMC8755460 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ubc13-catalyzed K63 ubiquitination is a major control point for immune signaling. Recent evidence has shown that the control of multiple immune functions, including chronic inflammation, pathogen responses, lymphocyte activation, and regulatory signaling, is altered by K63 ubiquitination. In this review, we detail the novel cellular sensors that are dependent on K63 ubiquitination for their function in the immune signaling network. Many pathogens, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), can target K63 ubiquitination to inhibit pathogen immune responses; we describe novel details of the pathways involved and summarize recent clinically relevant SARS-CoV-2-specific responses. We also discuss recent evidence that regulatory T cell (Treg) versus T helper (TH) 1 and TH17 cell subset regulation might involve K63 ubiquitination. Knowledge gaps that merit future investigation and clinically relevant pathways are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey P Novack
- Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, WA, USA
| | - John C Reed
- Sanofi, Paris, France & University of Miami, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Shu-Ichi Matsuzawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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15
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Yao D, Arguez MA, He P, Bent AF, Song J. Coordinated regulation of plant immunity by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation and K63-linked ubiquitination. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:2088-2103. [PMID: 34418551 PMCID: PMC9070964 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a posttranslational modification reversibly catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolases (PARGs) and plays a key role in multiple cellular processes. The molecular mechanisms by which PARylation regulates innate immunity remain largely unknown in eukaryotes. Here we show that Arabidopsis UBC13A and UBC13B, the major drivers of lysine 63 (K63)-linked polyubiquitination, directly interact with PARPs/PARGs. Activation of pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity promotes these interactions and enhances PARylation of UBC13. Both parp1 parp2 and ubc13a ubc13b mutants are compromised in immune responses with increased accumulation of total pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins but decreased accumulation of secreted PR proteins. Protein disulfide-isomerases (PDIs), essential components of endoplasmic reticulum quality control (ERQC) that ensure proper folding and maturation of proteins destined for secretion, complex with PARPs/PARGs and are PARylated upon PAMP perception. Significantly, PARylation of UBC13 regulates K63-linked ubiquitination of PDIs, which may further promote their disulfide isomerase activities for correct protein folding and subsequent secretion. Taken together, these results indicate that plant immunity is coordinately regulated by PARylation and K63-linked ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Yao
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center at Dallas, Texas A&M University System, Dallas, TX 75252, USA
| | - Marcus A Arguez
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center at Dallas, Texas A&M University System, Dallas, TX 75252, USA
| | - Ping He
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Andrew F Bent
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Junqi Song
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center at Dallas, Texas A&M University System, Dallas, TX 75252, USA; Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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16
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Maneekesorn S, Knuepfer E, Green JL, Prommana P, Uthaipibull C, Srichairatanakool S, Holder AA. Deletion of Plasmodium falciparum ubc13 increases parasite sensitivity to the mutagen, methyl methanesulfonate and dihydroartemisinin. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21791. [PMID: 34750454 PMCID: PMC8575778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01267-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The inducible Di-Cre system was used to delete the putative ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 13 gene (ubc13) of Plasmodium falciparum to study its role in ubiquitylation and the functional consequence during the parasite asexual blood stage. Deletion resulted in a significant reduction of parasite growth in vitro, reduced ubiquitylation of the Lys63 residue of ubiquitin attached to protein substrates, and an increased sensitivity of the parasite to both the mutagen, methyl methanesulfonate and the antimalarial drug dihydroartemisinin (DHA), but not chloroquine. The parasite was also sensitive to the UBC13 inhibitor NSC697923. The data suggest that this gene does code for an ubiquitin conjugating enzyme responsible for K63 ubiquitylation, which is important in DNA repair pathways as was previously demonstrated in other organisms. The increased parasite sensitivity to DHA in the absence of ubc13 function indicates that DHA may act primarily through this pathway and that inhibitors of UBC13 may both enhance the efficacy of this antimalarial drug and directly inhibit parasite growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supawadee Maneekesorn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Malaria Parasitology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Ellen Knuepfer
- Malaria Parasitology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Molecular and Cellular Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Judith L Green
- Malaria Parasitology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Parichat Prommana
- Medical Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Chairat Uthaipibull
- Medical Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Thailand Center of Excellence for Life Sciences (TCELS), Phayathai, 10400, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Somdet Srichairatanakool
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Anthony A Holder
- Malaria Parasitology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
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17
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Niu T, Wu Z, Xiao W. Uev1A promotes breast cancer cell migration by up-regulating CT45A expression via the AKT pathway. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:1012. [PMID: 34503444 PMCID: PMC8431945 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08750-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background UEV1A encodes a ubiquitin-E2 variant closely associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis, but its underlying mechanism in promoting metastasis remains to be investigated. Methods In this study, we experimentally manipulated UEV1A and CT45A gene expression and monitored their effects on cancer-related gene expression, cell migration and the signal transduction cascade. Results It was found that UEV1A overexpression induces CT45A family gene expression in breast cancer cells. Indeed, ectopic expression of UEV1A was sufficient to induce CT45A and its downstream genes involved in tumorigenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stemness and metastasis, and to promote cell migration and EMT signaling. Consistently, depletion of CT45A abolished the above effects, indicating that CT45A is a critical downstream effector of Uev1A. The Uev1A-induced cell migration and EMT signaling was dependent on AKT but independent of NF-κB, indicating that CT45A acts downstream of the AKT pathway. Conclusions Based on previous reports and observations in this study, we propose that the Ubc13-Uev1A complex activates AKT through K63-linked polyubiquitination, which leads to enhanced CT45A expression, stimulated cell migration and EMT signaling in breast cells. Since similar effects were also observed in a colorectal cancer cell line, the Ubc13/Uev1A-AKT-CT45A axis may also promote tumorigenesis and metastasis in other tissues. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08750-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Niu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Zhaojia Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Wei Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China. .,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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18
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Zhou Y, Bu Z, Qian J, Cheng Y, Qiao L, Yang S, Cheng S, Wang X, Ren L, Yang Y. Brucella melitensis UGPase inhibits the activation of NF-κB by modulating the ubiquitination of NEMO. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:289. [PMID: 34461896 PMCID: PMC8404259 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02993-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND UTP-glucose-1-phosphoryl transferase (UGPase) catalyzes the synthesis of UDP-glucose, which is essential for generating the glycogen needed for the synthesis of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and capsular polysaccharide, which play important roles in bacterial virulence. However, the molecular function of UGPase in Brucella is still unknown. RESULTS In this study, the ubiquitination modification of host immune-related protein in cells infected with UGPase-deleted or wild-type Brucella was analyzed using ubiquitination proteomics technology. The ubiquitination modification level and type of NF-κB Essential Modulator (NEMO or Ikbkg), a molecule necessary for NF-κB signal activation, was evaluated using Coimmunoprecipitation, Western blot, and dual-Luciferase Assay. We found 80 ubiquitin proteins were upregulated and 203 ubiquitin proteins were downregulated in cells infected with B. melitensis 16 M compared with those of B. melitensis UGPase-deleted strain (16 M-UGPase-). Moreover, the ubiquitin-modified proteins were mostly enriched in the categories of regulation of kinase/NF-κB signaling and response to a bacterium, suggesting Brucella UGPase inhibits ubiquitin modification of related proteins in the host NF-κB signaling pathway. Further analysis showed that the ubiquitination levels of NEMO K63 (K63-Ub) and Met1 (Met1-Ub) were significantly increased in the 16 M-UGPase--infected cells compared with that of the 16 M-infected cells, further confirming that the ubiquitination levels of NF-κB signaling-related proteins were regulated by the bacterial UGPase. Besides, the expression level of IκBα was decreased, but the level of p-P65 was significantly increased in the 16 M-UGPase--infected cells compared with that of the 16 M- and mock-infected cells, demonstrating that B. melitensis UGPase can significantly inhibit the degradation of IκBα and the phosphorylation of p65, and thus suppressing the NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed that Brucella melitensis UGPase inhibits the activation of NF-κB by modulating the ubiquitination of NEMO, which will provide a new scientific basis for the study of immune mechanisms induced by Brucella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 130112, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaoyang Bu
- Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 130112, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Qian
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuening Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 130112, Changchun, China
| | - Lianjiang Qiao
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 130112, Changchun, China
| | - Sen Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 130112, Changchun, China
| | - Shipeng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 130112, Changchun, China
| | - Xinglong Wang
- Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 130112, Changchun, China
| | - Linzhu Ren
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 130062, Changchun, China.
| | - Yanling Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 130112, Changchun, China.
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19
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Yin P, Bai D, Zhu L, Deng F, Guo X, Li B, Chen L, Li S, Li XJ. Cytoplasmic TDP-43 impairs the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Exp Neurol 2021; 345:113833. [PMID: 34363810 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic inclusions of nuclear TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) are a pathologic hallmark in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTD), and other neurological disorders. We reported that expressing mutant TDP-43(M337V) in rhesus monkeys can mimic the cytoplasmic mislocalization of mutant TDP-43 seen in patient brains. Here we investigated how cytoplasmic mutant TDP-43 mediates neuropathology. We found that C-terminal TDP-43 fragments are primarily localized in the cytoplasm and that the age-dependent elevated UBE2N promotes the accumulation of cytoplasmic C-terminal TDP-43 via K63 ubiquitination. Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry revealed that cytoplasmic mutant TDP-43 interacts with proteasome assembly proteins PSMG2 and PSD13, which might lead to the impairment of the proteasomal activity. Our findings suggest that cytoplasmic TDP-43 may participate in age-dependent accumulation of misfolded proteins in the brain by inhibiting the UPS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Dazhang Bai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Longhong Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fuyu Deng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiangyu Guo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Laiqiang Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shihua Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Xiao-Jiang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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20
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Wolf LM, Lambert AM, Haenlin J, Boutros M. EVI/WLS function is regulated by ubiquitination and linked to ER-associated degradation by ERLIN2. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:271857. [PMID: 34406391 PMCID: PMC8435288 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.257790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT signalling is important for development in all metazoans and is associated with various human diseases. The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) and regulatory endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) have been implicated in the production of WNT proteins. Here, we investigated how the WNT secretory factor EVI (also known as WLS) is ubiquitylated, recognised by ERAD components and subsequently removed from the secretory pathway. We performed a focused immunoblot-based RNAi screen for factors that influence EVI/WLS protein stability. We identified the VCP-binding proteins FAF2 and UBXN4 as novel interaction partners of EVI/WLS and showed that ERLIN2 links EVI/WLS to the ubiquitylation machinery. Interestingly, we also found that EVI/WLS is ubiquitylated and degraded in cells irrespective of their level of WNT production. This K11, K48 and K63-linked ubiquitylation is mediated by the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes UBE2J2, UBE2K and UBE2N, but is independent of the E3 ubiquitin ligases HRD1 (also known as SYVN1) and GP78 (also known as AMFR). Taken together, our study identifies factors that link the UPS to the WNT secretory pathway and provides mechanistic details of the fate of an endogenous substrate of regulatory ERAD in mammalian cells. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper. Summary: The WNT secretory factor EVI/WLS is ubiquitylated and linked to ER-associated degradation by multiple proteins, providing insight into the link between WNT signalling and the ubiquitin–proteasome system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie M Wolf
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Signalling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, BioQuant & Department for Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annika M Lambert
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Signalling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, BioQuant & Department for Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julie Haenlin
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Signalling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, BioQuant & Department for Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Boutros
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Signalling and Functional Genomics and Heidelberg University, BioQuant & Department for Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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21
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Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes in Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061383. [PMID: 34199813 PMCID: PMC8227520 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-mediated degradation system is responsible for controlling various tumor-promoting processes, including DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, migration and invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. The conjugation of ubiquitin to a target protein is mediated sequentially by the E1 (activating)‒E2 (conjugating)‒E3 (ligating) enzyme cascade. Thus, E2 enzymes act as the central players in the ubiquitination system, modulating various pathophysiological processes in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the types and functions of E2s in various types of cancer and discuss the possibility of E2s as targets of anticancer therapeutic strategies.
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22
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DNA-damage tolerance through PCNA ubiquitination and sumoylation. Biochem J 2021; 477:2655-2677. [PMID: 32726436 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA-damage tolerance (DDT) is employed by eukaryotic cells to bypass replication-blocking lesions induced by DNA-damaging agents. In budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, DDT is mediated by RAD6 epistatic group genes and the central event for DDT is sequential ubiquitination of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a DNA clamp required for replication and DNA repair. DDT consists of two parallel pathways: error-prone DDT is mediated by PCNA monoubiquitination, which recruits translesion synthesis DNA polymerases to bypass lesions with decreased fidelity; and error-free DDT is mediated by K63-linked polyubiquitination of PCNA at the same residue of monoubiquitination, which facilitates homologous recombination-mediated template switch. Interestingly, the same PCNA residue is also subjected to sumoylation, which leads to inhibition of unwanted recombination at replication forks. All three types of PCNA posttranslational modifications require dedicated conjugating and ligation enzymes, and these enzymes are highly conserved in eukaryotes, from yeast to human.
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23
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Habu T, Harada KH. UBC13 is an RNF213-associated E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, and Lysine 63-linked ubiquitination by the RNF213-UBC13 axis is responsible for angiogenic activity. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:243-258. [PMID: 33842849 PMCID: PMC8019261 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2019-00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cryptogenic vascular disorder in the intracranial arteries. RING protein 213 (RNF213) is the susceptibility gene for MMD, and encodes a RING domain and a Walker motif. Herein, we identified UBC13 (UBE2N) as an E2 ubiquitin‐conjugating enzyme for RNF213 E3 ubiquitin ligase by yeast two‐hybrid screening with a fragment containing RNF213 RING domain as bait, and the immunocomplex of RNF213‐UBC13 was detected in vivo. Analysis of the ubiquitin chain on RNF213 by monitoring autoubiquitination showed that RNF213 was autoubiquitinated in a K63 chain fashion, but not in a K48 chain fashion. Finally, this RNF213 ubiquitination in a UBC13‐dependent manner was required for cell mobility and invasion activity for HUVEC cells in UBC13 knock‐down and ubiquitination‐dead RNF213 mutant expressing experiments. These findings demonstrated that RNF213 is a K63‐linked E3 ubiquitin ligase, and UBC13 is responsible for RNF213 dependent ubiquitination. The RNF213‐UBC13 axis may be associated with angiogenic activity and MMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Habu
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition School of Food Sciences and Nutrition Mukogawa Women's University Nishinomiya Hyogo Japan
| | - Kouji H Harada
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto Japan
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24
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Burge RJ, Damianou A, Wilkinson AJ, Rodenko B, Mottram JC. Leishmania differentiation requires ubiquitin conjugation mediated by a UBC2-UEV1 E2 complex. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008784. [PMID: 33108402 PMCID: PMC7647121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications such as ubiquitination are important for orchestrating the cellular transformations that occur as the Leishmania parasite differentiates between its main morphological forms, the promastigote and amastigote. 2 E1 ubiquitin-activating (E1), 13 E2 ubiquitin-conjugating (E2), 79 E3 ubiquitin ligase (E3) and 20 deubiquitinating cysteine peptidase (DUB) genes can be identified in the Leishmania mexicana genome but, currently, little is known about the role of E1, E2 and E3 enzymes in this parasite. Bar-seq analysis of 23 E1, E2 and HECT/RBR E3 null mutants generated in promastigotes using CRISPR-Cas9 revealed numerous loss-of-fitness phenotypes in promastigote to amastigote differentiation and mammalian infection. The E2s UBC1/CDC34, UBC2 and UEV1 and the HECT E3 ligase HECT2 are required for the successful transformation from promastigote to amastigote and UBA1b, UBC9, UBC14, HECT7 and HECT11 are required for normal proliferation during mouse infection. Of all ubiquitination enzyme null mutants examined in the screen, Δubc2 and Δuev1 exhibited the most extreme loss-of-fitness during differentiation. Null mutants could not be generated for the E1 UBA1a or the E2s UBC3, UBC7, UBC12 and UBC13, suggesting these genes are essential in promastigotes. X-ray crystal structure analysis of UBC2 and UEV1, orthologues of human UBE2N and UBE2V1/UBE2V2 respectively, reveal a heterodimer with a highly conserved structure and interface. Furthermore, recombinant L. mexicana UBA1a can load ubiquitin onto UBC2, allowing UBC2-UEV1 to form K63-linked di-ubiquitin chains in vitro. Notably, UBC2 can cooperate in vitro with human E3s RNF8 and BIRC2 to form non-K63-linked polyubiquitin chains, showing that UBC2 can facilitate ubiquitination independent of UEV1, but association of UBC2 with UEV1 inhibits this ability. Our study demonstrates the dual essentiality of UBC2 and UEV1 in the differentiation and intracellular survival of L. mexicana and shows that the interaction between these two proteins is crucial for regulation of their ubiquitination activity and function. The post-translational modification of proteins is key for allowing Leishmania parasites to transition between the different life cycle stages that exist in its insect vector and mammalian host. In particular, components of the ubiquitin system are important for the transformation of Leishmania from its insect (promastigote) to mammalian (amastigote) stage and normal infection in mice. However, little is known about the role of the enzymes that generate ubiquitin modifications in Leishmania. Here we characterise 28 enzymes of the ubiquitination pathway and show that many are required for life cycle progression or mouse infection by this parasite. Two proteins, UBC2 and UEV1, were selected for further study based on their importance in the promastigote to amastigote transition. We demonstrate that UBC2 and UEV1 form a heterodimer capable of carrying out ubiquitination and that the structural basis for this activity is conserved between Leishmania, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and humans. We also show that the interaction of UBC2 with UEV1 alters the nature of the ubiquitination activity performed by UBC2. Overall, we demonstrate the important role that ubiquitination enzymes play in the life cycle and infection process of Leishmania and explore the biochemistry underlying UBC2 and UEV1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J. Burge
- York Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biology, University of York, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Damianou
- York Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biology, University of York, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony J. Wilkinson
- York Biomedical Research Institute and York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, United Kingdom
| | - Boris Rodenko
- UbiQ Bio BV, Amsterdam Science Park, the Netherlands
| | - Jeremy C. Mottram
- York Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biology, University of York, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Uev1A amino terminus stimulates poly-ubiquitin chain assembly and is required for NF-κB activation. Cell Signal 2020; 74:109712. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Guo H, Wang L, Hu R, He Y, Xiao W. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of Physcomitrella patens UBC13-UEV1 genes required for Lys63-linked polyubiquitination. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 297:110518. [PMID: 32563457 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ubc13 and Ubc/E2 variant (Uev) form a stable heterodimer to mediate Lys63-linked polyubiquitination. Unicellular eukaryotic genomes often contain single UBC13 and UEV gene; however, multiple homologs were found in higher plants. As initial land plants, Physcomitrella patens occupies a key evolutionary position between green algae and higher plants. In this study, we report the identification and functional characterization of two UBC13 and three UEV1 genes from P. patens. Both PpUbc13s form heterodimers with PpUev1B or PpUev1C, which catalyze Lys63-linked polyubiquitination in vitro and functionally complement the yeast ubc13 mms2 null mutant from killing by DNA-damaging agents. In contrast, PpUev1A is unable to interact with Ubc13s and cannot complement the yeast mms2 mutant. Two single mutations, PpUev1A-D12N and ΔCT, barely have any effect; however, the corresponding double mutation makes PpUev1A functional in both heterodimer formation and complementation. This study identifies a critical Uev residue located in the Ubc13-Uev interface and reveals that mosses began to evolve multiple UBC13 and UEV orthologs in order to adapt to the terrestrial environment. The evolutionary significance of PpUEV1A is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Linxiao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Ruoyang Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yikun He
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Bai Z, Wei M, Li Z, Xiao W. Drosophila Uev1a is dually required for Ben-dependent DNA-damage response and fly mobility. Cell Signal 2020; 74:109719. [PMID: 32702441 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
K63-linked polyubiquitination requires the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc13 and a Ubc/E2 variant Uev. Lower eukaryotic organisms contain one UEV gene required for DNA-damage tolerance, while vertebrates and higher plants contain multiple UEV genes with distinct functions. In contrast, Drosophila contains only one UEV gene designated dUev1a. Here we report that dUev1a forms a stable heterodimer with Ben, the Drosophila Ubc13 ortholog, that dUev1a-F15E completely abolishes the interaction, and that a conserved dUev1a-F15Y substitution severely reduces its interaction with Ben. dUev1a functionally rescues the corresponding yeast mms2 null mutant from killing by various DNA-damaging agents in a Ben-dependent manner, and the heterozygous dUev1a mutant flies are more sensitive to DNA-damaging agent, indicating that the function of UEV in DNA-damage response is conserved throughout eukaryotes. Meanwhile, dUev1a+/- mutant flies displayed reduced mobility characteristic of defects in the central nervous system and reminiscent of the bendless phenotypes, suggesting that dUev1a acts together with Ben in this process. Our observations collectively imply that dUev1a is dually required for DNA-damage response and neurological signaling in Drosophila, and that these processes are mediated by the Ben-dUev1a complex that promotes K63-linked polyubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Min Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhouhua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Renz C, Albanèse V, Tröster V, Albert TK, Santt O, Jacobs SC, Khmelinskii A, Léon S, Ulrich HD. Ubc13-Mms2 cooperates with a family of RING E3 proteins in budding yeast membrane protein sorting. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs.244566. [PMID: 32265276 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.244566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyubiquitin chains linked via lysine (K) 63 play an important role in endocytosis and membrane trafficking. Their primary source is the ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) Rsp5/NEDD4, which acts as a key regulator of membrane protein sorting. The heterodimeric ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), Ubc13-Mms2, catalyses K63-specific polyubiquitylation in genome maintenance and inflammatory signalling. In budding yeast, the only E3 proteins known to cooperate with Ubc13-Mms2 so far is a nuclear RING finger protein, Rad5, involved in the replication of damaged DNA. Here, we report a contribution of Ubc13-Mms2 to the sorting of membrane proteins to the yeast vacuole via the multivesicular body (MVB) pathway. In this context, Ubc13-Mms2 cooperates with Pib1, a FYVE-RING finger protein associated with internal membranes. Moreover, we identified a family of membrane-associated FYVE-(type)-RING finger proteins as cognate E3 proteins for Ubc13-Mms2 in several species, and genetic analysis indicates that the contribution of Ubc13-Mms2 to membrane trafficking in budding yeast goes beyond its cooperation with Pib1. Thus, our results widely implicate Ubc13-Mms2 as an Rsp5-independent source of K63-linked polyubiquitin chains in the regulation of membrane protein sorting.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Renz
- Institute of Molecular Biology gGmbH (IMB), Ackermannweg 4, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Véronique Albanèse
- Institut Jacques Monod, UMR 7592 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Vera Tröster
- Institute of Molecular Biology gGmbH (IMB), Ackermannweg 4, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas K Albert
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 10, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Olivier Santt
- Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, Blanche Lane, South Mimms EN6 3LD, UK
| | - Susan C Jacobs
- Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, Blanche Lane, South Mimms EN6 3LD, UK
| | - Anton Khmelinskii
- Institute of Molecular Biology gGmbH (IMB), Ackermannweg 4, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sébastien Léon
- Institut Jacques Monod, UMR 7592 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Helle D Ulrich
- Institute of Molecular Biology gGmbH (IMB), Ackermannweg 4, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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A role of the 53BP1 protein in genome protection: structural and functional characteristics of 53BP1-dependent DNA repair. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:2488-2511. [PMID: 30996128 PMCID: PMC6519998 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear architecture plays a significant role in DNA repair mechanisms. It is evident that proteins involved in DNA repair are compartmentalized in not only spontaneously occurring DNA lesions or ionizing radiation-induced foci (IRIF), but a specific clustering of these proteins can also be observed within the whole cell nucleus. For example, 53BP1-positive and BRCA1-positive DNA repair foci decorate chromocenters and can appear close to nuclear speckles. Both 53BP1 and BRCA1 are well-described factors that play an essential role in double-strand break (DSB) repair. These proteins are members of two protein complexes: 53BP1-RIF1-PTIP and BRCA1-CtIP, which make a “decision” determining whether canonical nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) or homology-directed repair (HDR) is activated. It is generally accepted that 53BP1 mediates the NHEJ mechanism, while HDR is activated via a BRCA1-dependent signaling pathway. Interestingly, the 53BP1 protein appears relatively quickly at DSB sites, while BRCA1 is functional at later stages of DNA repair, as soon as the Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex is recruited to the DNA lesions. A function of the 53BP1 protein is also linked to a specific histone signature, including phosphorylation of histone H2AX (γH2AX) or methylation of histone H4 at the lysine 20 position (H4K20me); therefore, we also discuss an epigenetic landscape of 53BP1-positive DNA lesions.
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Xu N, Gulick J, Osinska H, Yu Y, McLendon PM, Shay-Winkler K, Robbins J, Yutzey KE. Ube2v1 Positively Regulates Protein Aggregation by Modulating Ubiquitin Proteasome System Performance Partially Through K63 Ubiquitination. Circ Res 2020; 126:907-922. [PMID: 32081062 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Compromised protein quality control can result in proteotoxic intracellular protein aggregates in the heart, leading to cardiac disease and heart failure. Defining the participants and understanding the underlying mechanisms of cardiac protein aggregation is critical for seeking therapeutic targets. We identified Ube2v1 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 variant 1) in a genome-wide screen designed to identify novel effectors of the aggregation process. However, its role in the cardiomyocyte is undefined. OBJECTIVE To assess whether Ube2v1 regulates the protein aggregation caused by cardiomyocyte expression of a mutant αB crystallin (CryABR120G) and identify how Ube2v1 exerts its effect. METHODS AND RESULTS Neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes were infected with adenoviruses expressing either wild-type CryAB (CryABWT) or CryABR120G. Subsequently, loss- and gain-of-function experiments were performed. Ube2v1 knockdown decreased aggregate accumulation caused by CryABR120G expression. Overexpressing Ube2v1 promoted aggregate formation in CryABWT and CryABR120G-expressing neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. Ubiquitin proteasome system performance was analyzed using a ubiquitin proteasome system reporter protein. Ube2v1 knockdown improved ubiquitin proteasome system performance and promoted the degradation of insoluble ubiquitinated proteins in CryABR120G cardiomyocytes but did not alter autophagic flux. Lys (K) 63-linked ubiquitination modulated by Ube2v1 expression enhanced protein aggregation and contributed to Ube2v1's function in regulating protein aggregate formation. Knocking out Ube2v1 exclusively in cardiomyocytes by using AAV9 (adeno-associated virus 9) to deliver multiplexed single guide RNAs against Ube2v1 in cardiac-specific Cas9 mice alleviated CryABR120G-induced protein aggregation, improved cardiac function, and prolonged lifespan in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Ube2v1 plays an important role in protein aggregate formation, partially by enhancing K63 ubiquitination during a proteotoxic stimulus. Inhibition of Ube2v1 decreases CryABR120G-induced aggregate formation through enhanced ubiquitin proteasome system performance rather than autophagy and may provide a novel therapeutic target to treat cardiac proteinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xu
- From the Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology (N.X., J.G., H.O., P.M.M., K.S.-W., J.R., K.E.Y.), Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, OH
| | - James Gulick
- From the Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology (N.X., J.G., H.O., P.M.M., K.S.-W., J.R., K.E.Y.), Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, OH
| | - Hanna Osinska
- From the Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology (N.X., J.G., H.O., P.M.M., K.S.-W., J.R., K.E.Y.), Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, OH
| | - Yang Yu
- Division of Developmental Biology (Y.Y.), Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, OH
| | - Patrick M McLendon
- From the Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology (N.X., J.G., H.O., P.M.M., K.S.-W., J.R., K.E.Y.), Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, OH
| | - Kritton Shay-Winkler
- From the Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology (N.X., J.G., H.O., P.M.M., K.S.-W., J.R., K.E.Y.), Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, OH
| | - Jeffrey Robbins
- From the Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology (N.X., J.G., H.O., P.M.M., K.S.-W., J.R., K.E.Y.), Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, OH
| | - Katherine E Yutzey
- From the Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology (N.X., J.G., H.O., P.M.M., K.S.-W., J.R., K.E.Y.), Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, OH
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31
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Wang Q, Liu M, Zang Y, Xiao W. The C-terminal extension of Arabidopsis Uev1A/B with putative prenylation site plays critical roles in protein interaction, subcellular distribution and membrane association. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 291:110324. [PMID: 31928655 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lysine (K) 63-linked polyubiquitination plays important roles in cellular processes including DNA-damage tolerance (DDT), NF-κB signaling and endocytosis. Compared to yeast and mammals, little is known about K63-linked polyubiquitination in plants. To date, a Uev-Ubc13 complex is the only known Ub-conjugating enzyme to catalyze K63-linked polyubiquitination, in which Uev serves as a regulatory subunit. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains four UEV1 genes that can be classified into two subfamilies (UEV1A/B and UEV1C/D), in which Uev1A/B have a C-terminal extension. Database analysis reveals that all higher plant genomes contain both subfamily UEV1s, which were evolved as early as angiosperm plants. Interestingly, all C-terminal tails in the Uev1A/B subfamily contain a putative prenylation motif, CaaX. Combined experimental results using AtUev1B demonstrated that it is most likely farnesylated and that its C-terminal tail, particularly the catalytic Cys residue in the CaaX motif, plays critical roles in protein-protein interaction, nuclear exclusion and membrane association. Using AtUev1B as bait for a yeast-two-hybrid screen, we identified 14 interaction proteins in a prenylation-dependent manner. These results collectively imply that prenylation of AtUev1A/B plays a critical role in its functional differentiation from AtUev1C/D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China; Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030012, China
| | - Maoqing Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yuepeng Zang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Qin Q, Wang Y, Huang L, Du F, Zhao X, Li Z, Wang W, Fu B. A U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase OsPUB67 is positively involved in drought tolerance in rice. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:89-107. [PMID: 31768809 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00933-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OsPUB67, a U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase, may interact with two drought tolerance negative regulators (OsRZFP34 and OsDIS1) and improve drought tolerance by enhancing the reactive oxygen scavenging ability and stomatal closure. E3 ubiquitin ligases are major components of the ubiquitination cascade and contribute to the biotic and abiotic stress response in plants. In the present study, we show that a rice drought responsive gene, OsPUB67, encoding the U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase was significantly induced by drought, salt, cold, JA, and ABA, and was expressed in nuclei, cytoplasm, and membrane systems. This distribution of expression suggests a significant role for OsPUB67 in a wide range of biological processes and abiotic stress response. Over-expression of OsPUB67 improved drought stress tolerance by enhancing the reactive oxygen scavenging ability and stomatal closure. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays revealed that a few E2s interacted with OsPUB67 with unique functional implications in different cell components. Further evidence showed that several E3 ubiquitin ligases interacted with OsPUB67, especially OsRZFP34 and OsDIS1, which are negative regulators of drought tolerance. This interaction on the stomata implied OsPUB67 might function as a heterodimeric ubiquitination complex in response to drought stress. Comprehensive transcriptome analysis revealed OsPUB67 participated in regulating genes involved in the abiotic stress response and transcriptional regulation in an ABA-dependent manner. Our findings revealed OsPUB67 mediated a multilayered complex drought stress tolerance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Qin
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinxiao Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liyu Huang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Yunnan, China
| | - Fengping Du
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhao
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhikang Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Wensheng Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
| | - Binying Fu
- Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Romero-Barrios N, Monachello D, Dolde U, Wong A, San Clemente H, Cayrel A, Johnson A, Lurin C, Vert G. Advanced Cataloging of Lysine-63 Polyubiquitin Networks by Genomic, Interactome, and Sensor-Based Proteomic Analyses. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:123-138. [PMID: 31712406 PMCID: PMC6961633 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The lack of resolution when studying the many different ubiquitin chain types found in eukaryotic cells has been a major hurdle to our understanding of their specific roles. We currently have very little insight into the cellular and physiological functions of Lys-63 (K63)-linked ubiquitin chains, although they are the second most abundant forms of ubiquitin in plant cells. To overcome this problem, we developed several large-scale approaches to characterize (1) the E2-E3 ubiquitination machinery driving K63-linked ubiquitin chain formation and (2) K63 polyubiquitination targets to provide a comprehensive picture of K63 polyubiquitin networks in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Our work identified the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) UBC35/36 as the major drivers of K63 polyubiquitin chain formation and highlights the major role of these proteins in plant growth and development. Interactome approaches allowed us to identify many proteins that interact with the K63 polyubiquitination-dedicated E2s UBC35/36 and their cognate E2 variants, including more than a dozen E3 ligases and their putative targets. In parallel, we improved the in vivo detection of proteins decorated with K63-linked ubiquitin chains by sensor-based proteomics, yielding important insights into the roles of K63 polyubiquitination in plant cells. This work strongly increases our understanding of K63 polyubiquitination networks and functions in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natali Romero-Barrios
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS/CEA/Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Dario Monachello
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Ulla Dolde
- Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546 CNRS/Université Toulouse 3, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Aloysius Wong
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS/CEA/Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hélène San Clemente
- Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546 CNRS/Université Toulouse 3, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Anne Cayrel
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS/CEA/Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alexander Johnson
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS/CEA/Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Claire Lurin
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Grégory Vert
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS/CEA/Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546 CNRS/Université Toulouse 3, 31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Zang Y, Gong Y, Wang Q, Guo H, Xiao W. Arabidopsis OTU1, a linkage-specific deubiquitinase, is required for endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 101:141-155. [PMID: 31491807 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) is part of the ER protein quality-control system (ERQC), which is critical for the conformation fidelity of most secretory and membrane proteins in eukaryotic organisms. ERAD is thought to operate in plants with core machineries highly conserved to those in human and yeast; however, little is known about the plant ERAD system. Here we report the characterization of a close homolog of human OTUB1 in Arabidopsis thaliana, designated as AtOTU1. AtOTU1 selectively hydrolyzes several types of ubiquitin chains and these activities depend on its conserved protease domain and/or the unique N-terminus. The otu1 null mutant is sensitive to high salinity stress, and particularly agents that cause protein misfolding. It turns out that AtOTU1 is required for the processing of known plant ERAD substrates such as barley powdery mildew O (MLO) alleles by virtue of its association with the CDC48 complex through its N-terminal region. These observations collectively define AtOTU1 as an OTU domain-containing deubiquitinase involved in Arabidopsis ERAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuepeng Zang
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yingya Gong
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Huiping Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E5, Canada
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35
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Wu Z, Niu T, Xiao W. Uev1A promotes breast cancer cell survival and chemoresistance through the AKT-FOXO1-BIM pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:331. [PMID: 31827405 PMCID: PMC6902549 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme variant UEV1A is required for Ubc13-catalyzed K63-linked poly-ubiquitination that regulates several signaling pathways including NF-κB, MAPK and PI3K/AKT. Previous reports implicate UEV1A as a potential proto-oncogene and have shown that UEV1A promotes breast cancer metastasis through constitutive NF-кB activation. Ubc13-Uev1A along with TARF6 can also ubiquitinate AKT but its downstream events are unclear. Methods In this study, we experimentally manipulated UEV1 expression in two typical breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 under serum starvation conditions and monitored AKT activation and its downstream protein levels, as well as cellular sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. Results We found that overexpression of UEV1A is sufficient to activate the AKT signaling pathway that in turn inhibits FOXO1 and BIM expression to promote cell survival under serum starvation conditions and enhances cellular resistance to chemotherapy. Consistently, experimental depletion of Uev1 in breast cancer cells inhibits AKT signaling and promotes FOXO1 and BIM expression to reduce cell survival under serum starvation stress and enhance chemosensitivity. Conclusions Uev1A promotes cell survival under serum starvation stress through the AKT-FOXO1-BIM axis in breast cancer cells, which unveals a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojia Wu
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5 Canada
| | - Tong Niu
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5 Canada.,2College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048 China
| | - Wei Xiao
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5 Canada
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36
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Valleau D, Quaile AT, Cui H, Xu X, Evdokimova E, Chang C, Cuff ME, Urbanus ML, Houliston S, Arrowsmith CH, Ensminger AW, Savchenko A. Discovery of Ubiquitin Deamidases in the Pathogenic Arsenal of Legionella pneumophila. Cell Rep 2019; 23:568-583. [PMID: 29642013 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila translocates the largest known arsenal of over 330 pathogenic factors, called "effectors," into host cells during infection, enabling L. pneumophila to establish a replicative niche inside diverse amebas and human macrophages. Here, we reveal that the L. pneumophila effectors MavC (Lpg2147) and MvcA (Lpg2148) are structural homologs of cycle inhibiting factor (Cif) effectors and that the adjacent gene, lpg2149, produces a protein that directly inhibits their activity. In contrast to canonical Cifs, both MavC and MvcA contain an insertion domain and deamidate the residue Gln40 of ubiquitin but not Gln40 of NEDD8. MavC and MvcA are functionally diverse, with only MavC interacting with the human E2-conjugating enzyme UBE2N (Ubc13). MavC deamidates the UBE2N∼Ub conjugate, disrupting Lys63 ubiquitination and dampening NF-κB signaling. Combined, our data reveal a molecular mechanism of host manipulation by pathogenic bacteria and highlight the complex regulatory mechanisms integral to L. pneumophila's pathogenic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Valleau
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew T Quaile
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hong Cui
- The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elena Evdokimova
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Changsoo Chang
- Structural Biology Center, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
| | - Marianne E Cuff
- Structural Biology Center, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
| | - Malene L Urbanus
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Scott Houliston
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl H Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexander W Ensminger
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexei Savchenko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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37
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Gemoll T, Miroll E, Klein O, Lischka A, Eravci M, Thorns C, Habermann JK. Spatial UBE2N protein expression indicates genomic instability in colorectal cancers. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:710. [PMID: 31319803 PMCID: PMC6639966 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One major hallmark of colorectal cancers (CRC) is genomic instability with its contribution to tumor heterogeneity and therapy resistance. To facilitate the investigation of intra-sample phenotypes and the de novo identification of tumor sub-populations, imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) provides a powerful technique to elucidate the spatial distribution patterns of peptides and proteins in tissue sections. METHODS In the present study, we analyzed an in-house compiled tissue microarray (n = 60) comprising CRCs and control tissues by IMS. After obtaining protein profiles through direct analysis of tissue sections, two validation sets were used for immunohistochemical evaluation. RESULTS A total of 28 m/z values in the mass range 800-3500 Da distinguished euploid from aneuploid CRCs (p < 0.001, ROC AUC values < 0.385 or > 0.635). After liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry identification, UBE2N could be successfully validated by immunohistochemistry in the initial sample cohort (p = 0.0274, ROC AUC = 0.7937) and in an independent sample set of 90 clinical specimens (p = 0.0070, ROC AUC = 0.6957). CONCLUSIONS The results showed that FFPE protein expression profiling of surgically resected CRC tissue extracts by MALDI-TOF MS has potential value for improved molecular classification. Particularly, the protein expression of UBE2N was validated in an independent clinical cohort to distinguish euploid from aneuploid CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Gemoll
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Elena Miroll
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Oliver Klein
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Lischka
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Murat Eravci
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Thorns
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jens K Habermann
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Biobanking-Lübeck (ICB-L), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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38
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Wang L, Wen R, Wang J, Xiang D, Wang Q, Zang Y, Wang Z, Huang S, Li X, Datla R, Fobert PR, Wang H, Wei Y, Xiao W. Arabidopsis UBC13 differentially regulates two programmed cell death pathways in responses to pathogen and low-temperature stress. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 221:919-934. [PMID: 30218535 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
UBC13 is required for Lys63-linked polyubiquitination and innate immune responses in mammals, but its functions in plant immunity remain to be defined. Here we used genetic and pathological methods to evaluate roles of Arabidopsis UBC13 in response to pathogens and environmental stresses. Loss of UBC13 failed to activate the expression of numerous cold-responsive genes and resulted in hypersensitivity to low-temperature stress, indicating that UBC13 is involved in plant response to low-temperature stress. Furthermore, the ubc13 mutant displayed low-temperature-induced and salicylic acid-dependent lesion mimic phenotypes. Unlike typical lesion mimic mutants, ubc13 did not enhance disease resistance against virulent bacterial and fungal pathogens, but diminished hypersensitive response and compromised effector-triggered immunity against avirulent bacterial pathogens. UBC13 differently regulates two types of programmed cell death in response to low temperature and pathogen. The lesion mimic phenotype in the ubc13 mutant is partially dependent on SNC1. UBC13 interacts with an F-box protein CPR1 that regulates the homeostasis of SNC1. However, the SNC1 protein level was not altered in the ubc13 mutant, implying that UBC13 is not involved in CPR1-regulated SNC1 protein degradation. Taken together, our results revealed that UBC13 is a key regulator in plant response to low temperature and pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5A8
- National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 0W9
| | - Rui Wen
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Jinghe Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Daoquan Xiang
- National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 0W9
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yuepeng Zang
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Shuai Huang
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z4
| | - Raju Datla
- National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 0W9
| | - Pierre R Fobert
- National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 0W9
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Yangdou Wei
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E2
| | - Wei Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5E5
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39
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Dikshit A, Jin YJ, Degan S, Hwang J, Foster MW, Li CY, Zhang JY. UBE2N Promotes Melanoma Growth via MEK/FRA1/SOX10 Signaling. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6462-6472. [PMID: 30224375 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
UBE2N is a K63-specific ubiquitin conjugase linked to various immune disorders and cancer. Here, we demonstrate that UBE2N and its partners UBE2V1 and UBE2V2 are highly expressed in malignant melanoma. Silencing of UBE2N and its partners significantly decreased melanoma cell proliferation and subcutaneous tumor growth. This was accompanied by increased expression of E-cadherin, p16, and MC1R and decreased expression of melanoma malignancy markers including SOX10, Nestin, and ABCB5. Mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomic analysis revealed that UBE2N loss resulted in distinct alterations to the signaling landscape: MEK/ERK signaling was impaired, FRA1 and SOX10 gene regulators were downregulated, and p53 and p16 tumor suppressors were upregulated. Similar to inhibition of UBE2N and MEK, silencing FRA1 decreased SOX10 expression and cell proliferation. Conversely, exogenous expression of active FRA1 increased pMEK and SOX10 expression, and restored anchorage-independent cell growth of cells with UBE2N loss. Systemic delivery of NSC697923, a small-molecule inhibitor of UBE2N, significantly decreased melanoma xenograft growth. These data indicate that UBE2N is a novel regulator of the MEK/FRA1/SOX10 signaling cascade and is indispensable for malignant melanoma growth. Our findings establish the basis for targeting UBE2N as a potential treatment strategy for melanoma.Significance: These findings identify ubiquitin conjugase UBE2N and its variant partners as novel regulators of MAPK signaling and potential therapeutic targets in melanoma. Cancer Res; 78(22); 6462-72. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka Dikshit
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yingai J Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Simone Degan
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jihwan Hwang
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Matthew W Foster
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Chuan-Yuan Li
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer Y Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
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40
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Budhidarmo R, Zhu J, Middleton AJ, Day CL. The RING domain of RING Finger 11 (RNF11) protein binds Ubc13 and inhibits formation of polyubiquitin chains. FEBS Lett 2018. [PMID: 29537486 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The Really Interesting New Gene (RING) Finger protein 11 (RNF11) is a subunit of the A20 ubiquitin-editing complex that ensures the transient nature of inflammatory responses. Although the role of RNF11 as a negative regulator of NF-κB signalling is well-documented, the molecular mechanisms that underpin this function are poorly understood. Here, we show that RNF11 binds both Ubc13 and the Ubc13~ubiquitin conjugate tightly and with similar affinity, but has minimal E3 ligase activity. Remarkably, RNF11 appears to bind Ubc13 so tightly that it outcompetes the E1 and an active E3 ligase. As a consequence, RNF11 may regulate the activity of E3s that rely on Ubc13 for ubiquitin chain assembly by limiting the availability of Ubc13 and its conjugate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhesa Budhidarmo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Adam J Middleton
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Catherine L Day
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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41
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Hormaechea-Agulla D, Kim Y, Song MS, Song SJ. New Insights into the Role of E2s in the Pathogenesis of Diseases: Lessons Learned from UBE2O. Mol Cells 2018; 41:168-178. [PMID: 29562734 PMCID: PMC5881090 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular communication via ubiquitin (Ub) signaling impacts all aspects of cell biology and regulates pathways critical to human development and viability; therefore aberrations or defects in Ub signaling can contribute to the pathogenesis of human diseases. Ubiquitination consists of the addition of Ub to a substrate protein via coordinated action of E1-activating, E2-conjugating and E3-ligating enzymes. Approximately 40 E2s have been identified in humans, and most are thought to be involved in Ub transfer; although little information is available regarding the majority of them, emerging evidence has highlighted their importance to human health and disease. In this review, we focus on recent insights into the pathogenetic roles of E2s (particularly the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2O [UBE2O]) in debilitating diseases and cancer, and discuss the tantalizing prospect that E2s may someday serve as potential therapeutic targets for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hormaechea-Agulla
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030,
USA
| | - Youngjo Kim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151,
Korea
| | - Min Sup Song
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030,
USA
- Cancer Biology Program, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030,
USA
| | - Su Jung Song
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151,
Korea
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42
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Wu Z, Neufeld H, Torlakovic E, Xiao W. Uev1A-Ubc13 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis through regulating CXCL1 expression via NF-кB activation. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15952-15967. [PMID: 29662619 PMCID: PMC5882310 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Uncontrolled growth and distant metastasis are hallmarks of colorectal cancer. However, the precise etiological factors and the mechanisms are diverse and still largely unclear. The potential proto-oncogene UEV1A encodes a ubiquitin conjugating enzyme variant, which is required for Ubc13-catalyzed K63-linked poly-ubiquitination of target proteins and the activation of NF-кB, a transcription factor known to be involved in innate immunity, anti-apoptosis, inflammation and cancer. In order to understand the roles of Uev1A in colon cancer progression, we experimentally manipulated the Uev1A level in HCT116 colon cancer cells and found that UEV1A overexpression alone is sufficient to promote invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo. This process is mediated by NF-κB activation and depends on its physical interaction with Ubc13. No expression of Uev1A was detected in histologically normal human colonic mucosa, but its expression was detected in human colorectal adenocarcinoma, which was closely correlated with nuclear p65 levels, an indicator of NF-κB activation. Uev1A protein was detected in 46% of primary tumors and 79% of metastatic tumors examined. Our experimental data establish that among NF-κB target genes, Uev1A-regulated CXCL1 expression plays a critical role in colon cell invasion and metastasis, a notion supported by the colon adenocarcinoma survey. Furthermore, experimental depletion of Uev1 in HCT116 cells reduces CXCL1 expression, and prevents cell invasion and tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. These results identify Uev1A as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojia Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Heather Neufeld
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Eminao Torlakovic
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Canada.,Current address: Department of Laboratory Hematology, Toronto General Hospital/UHN, Toronto M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Canada
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43
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Zhao Y, Long MJC, Wang Y, Zhang S, Aye Y. Ube2V2 Is a Rosetta Stone Bridging Redox and Ubiquitin Codes, Coordinating DNA Damage Responses. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4. [PMID: 29532025 PMCID: PMC5833000 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are the lingua franca of cellular communication. Most PTMs are enzyme-orchestrated. However, the reemergence of electrophilic drugs has ushered mining of unconventional/non-enzyme-catalyzed electrophile-signaling pathways. Despite the latest impetus toward harnessing kinetically and functionally privileged cysteines for electrophilic drug design, identifying these sensors remains challenging. Herein, we designed "G-REX"-a technique that allows controlled release of reactive electrophiles in vivo. Mitigating toxicity/off-target effects associated with uncontrolled bolus exposure, G-REX tagged first-responding innate cysteines that bind electrophiles under true kcat/Km conditions. G-REX identified two allosteric ubiquitin-conjugating proteins-Ube2V1/Ube2V2-sharing a novel privileged-sensor-cysteine. This non-enzyme-catalyzed-PTM triggered responses specific to each protein. Thus, G-REX is an unbiased method to identify novel functional cysteines. Contrasting conventional active-site/off-active-site cysteine-modifications that regulate target activity, modification of Ube2V2 allosterically hyperactivated its enzymatically active binding-partner Ube2N, promoting K63-linked client ubiquitination and stimulating H2AX-dependent DNA damage response. This work establishes Ube2V2 as a Rosetta-stone bridging redox and ubiquitin codes to guard genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology and Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry
Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Marcus J. C. Long
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology and Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry
Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Yiran Wang
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology and Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry
Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology and Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry
Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Yimon Aye
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology and Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry
Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, United States
- E-mail:
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44
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Bai Z, Li Z, Xiao W. Drosophila bendless catalyzes K63-linked polyubiquitination and is involved in the response to DNA damage. Mutat Res 2018. [PMID: 29518634 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report the identification and functional characterization of the Drosophila ben/ubc13 gene, encoding a unique ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (Ubc or E2), in DNA-damage response. Ben forms a heterodimer with DmUev1a, the only Ubc/E2 variant (Uev) in Drosophila. Ben and DmUev1a act together to catalyze K63-linked polyubiquitination in vitro. ben can functionally rescue the yeast ubc13 null mutant from killing by DNA-damaging agents. We also find that BenP97S, which was previously described to affect the connectivity between the giant fiber and the tergotrochanter motor neuron, fails to interact with the RING protein Chfr but retains interaction with DmUev1a as well as Uevs from other species. The corresponding yeast Ubc13P97S interacts with Mms2 but fails to bind Rad5. Consequently, neither benP97S nor ubc13P97S is able to complement the yeast ubc13 mutant defective in error-free DNA-damage tolerance. More importantly, the benP97S mutant flies are more sensitive to a DNA-damaging agent, suggesting that Ben functions in a manner similar to its yeast and mammalian counterparts. Collectively, our observations imply that Ben-DmUev1a-promoted K63-linked polyubiquitination and involvement in DNA-damage response are highly conserved in eukaryotes including flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Bai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhouhua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada.
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45
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Hodge CD, Spyracopoulos L, Glover JNM. Ubc13: the Lys63 ubiquitin chain building machine. Oncotarget 2018; 7:64471-64504. [PMID: 27486774 PMCID: PMC5325457 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubc13 is an ubiquitin E2 conjugating enzyme that participates with many different E3 ligases to form lysine 63-linked (Lys63) ubiquitin chains that are critical to signaling in inflammatory and DNA damage response pathways. Recent studies have suggested Ubc13 as a potential therapeutic target for intervention in various human diseases including several different cancers, alleviation of anti-cancer drug resistance, chronic inflammation, and viral infections. Understanding a potential therapeutic target from different angles is important to assess its usefulness and potential pitfalls. Here we present a global review of Ubc13 from its structure, function, and cellular activities, to its natural and chemical inhibition. The aim of this article is to review the literature that directly implicates Ubc13 in a biological function, and to integrate structural and mechanistic insights into the larger role of this critical E2 enzyme. We discuss observations of multiple Ubc13 structures that suggest a novel mechanism for activation of Ubc13 that involves conformational change of the active site loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis D Hodge
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Leo Spyracopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - J N Mark Glover
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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46
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Romero-Barrios N, Vert G. Proteasome-independent functions of lysine-63 polyubiquitination in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 217:995-1011. [PMID: 29194634 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Contents Summary 995 I. Introduction 995 II. The plant Ub machinery 996 III. From Ub to Ub linkage types in plants 997 IV. Increasing analytical resolution for K63 polyUb in plants 998 V. How to build K63 polyUb chains? 998 VI. Cellular roles of K63 polyUb in plants 999 VII. Physiological roles of K63 polyUb in plants 1004 VIII. Future perspectives: towards the next level of the Ub code 1006 Acknowledgements 1006 References 1007 SUMMARY: Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification essential for the regulation of eukaryotic proteins, having an impact on protein fate, function, localization or activity. What originally appeared to be a simple system to regulate protein turnover by the 26S proteasome is now known to be the most intricate regulatory process cells have evolved. Ubiquitin can be arranged in countless chain assemblies, triggering various cellular outcomes. Polyubiquitin chains using lysine-63 from ubiquitin represent the second most abundant type of ubiquitin modification. Recent studies have exposed their common function in proteasome-independent functions in non-plant model organisms. The existence of lysine-63 polyubiquitination in plants is, however, only just emerging. In this review, we discuss the recent advances on the characterization of ubiquitin chains and the molecular mechanisms driving the formation of lysine-63-linked ubiquitin modifications. We provide an overview of the roles associated with lysine-63 polyubiquitination in plant cells in the light of what is known in non-plant models. Finally, we review the crucial roles of lysine-63 polyubiquitin-dependent processes in plant growth, development and responses to environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natali Romero-Barrios
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS/CEA/Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91198, France
| | - Grégory Vert
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CNRS/CEA/Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91198, France
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47
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Abstract
Ubiquitination of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) plays an important role in DNA damage response. Ectopic expression of PCNA fused at either terminus with ubiquitin (Ub) lacking two C-terminal glycine residues induces translesion DNA synthesis which resembles synthesis mediated by PCNA monoubiquitination. PCNA fused with Ub containing the C-terminal Gly residues at the C-terminus can be further polyubiquitinated in a Gly-dependent manner, which inhibits cell proliferation and induces ATR-dependent replication checkpoint. In this study, we surprisingly found that PCNA fused to a head-to-tail linear Ub chain induces apoptosis in a Ub chain length-dependent manner. Further investigation revealed that the apoptotic effect is actually induced by the linear Ub chain independently from PCNA, as the Ub chain fused to GFP or an epitope tag still efficiently induces apoptosis. It is revealed that the artificial linear Ub chain differs from endogenously encoded linear Ub chains in that its Ubs contain a Ub-G76S substitution, making the Ub chain resistant to cleavage by deubiquitination enzymes. We demonstrated in this study that ectopic expression of the artificial Ub chain alone in cultured human cancer cells is sufficient to inhibit tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model, making the linear Ub chain a putative anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoushuai Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Wandong Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Guifen Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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48
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Proteomic features of delayed ocular symptoms caused by exposure to sulfur mustard: As studied by protein profiling of corneal epithelium. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2017; 1865:1445-1454. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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49
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Yang X, Wang J, Wang R, Qian X, Zhang W, Xiao W. Uev1A-Ubc13 catalyzes K63-linked ubiquitination of RHBDF2 to promote TACE maturation. Cell Signal 2017; 42:155-164. [PMID: 29069608 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The TNFα-induced NF-κB signaling pathway plays critical roles in multiple biological processes. Extensive studies have explored the mechanisms regulating this signaling cascade, and identified an E2 complex, Uev1A-Ubc13, that mediates K63-linked poly-Ub chain formation and thus recruits NEMO to activate the signaling transduction. In this study, we demonstrate that the Uev1A-Ubc13 complex simultaneously serves as a repressor of the NF-κB pathway. It was found that cells overexpressing UEV1A silence the signal cascade earlier than control cells. Importantly, UEV1A overexpression enhances TACE maturation to shed the TNFα receptor. The Uev1A-Ubc13 complex interacts with RHBDF2, a key factor promoting TACE maturation, and inhibition of the Uev1A-Ubc13 activity interferes with RHBDF2-promoted TACE maturation. Furthermore, upon TNFα stimulation, the Uev1A-Ubc13 complex cooperates with CHIP to promote K63-linked ubiquitination of RHBDF2, enhancing its activity toward TACE maturation and subsequently blocking TNFα-induced NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yadan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiaoran Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xianghao Qian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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50
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Uev1A facilitates osteosarcoma differentiation by promoting Smurf1-mediated Smad1 ubiquitination and degradation. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2974. [PMID: 28771228 PMCID: PMC5596555 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Malignant bone tumor osteosarcoma (OS) displays high metastasis incidence and poor prognosis. Its stem cell properties could serve to explain tumor recurrence and resistance to conventional treatments. In this study, we identified UEV1A as a novel suppressor of OS. Elevated UEV1A diminishes stem cell properties of OS cells and drives them to terminal differentiation. Importantly, UEV1A-overexpressed OS cells delay proliferation and are more sensitive to chemotherapeutic agents than control cells. Uev1A appears to be involved in the BMP signaling pathway in which it collaborates with a ubiquitin E3 ligase Smurf1 to promote Smad1 degradation in a Ubc13-independent manner. Indeed, Smad1 is identified as a dominant downstream effector of Uev1A, which unravels the mechanism underlying Uev1A-orchestrated tumor suppression in OS. The above findings identify UEV1A as a potential OS tumor suppression gene, and shed lights to future OS diagnosis and treatment.
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