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Rostamani H, Fakhraei O, Zamirinadaf N, Mahjour M. An overview of nasal cartilage bioprinting: from bench to bedside. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:1273-1320. [PMID: 38441976 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2321636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Nasal cartilage diseases and injuries are known as significant challenges in reconstructive medicine, affecting a substantial number of individuals worldwide. In recent years, the advent of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as a promising approach for nasal cartilage reconstruction, offering potential breakthroughs in the field of regenerative medicine. This paper provides an overview of the methods and challenges associated with 3D bioprinting technologies in the procedure of reconstructing nasal cartilage tissue. The process of 3D bioprinting entails generating a digital 3D model using biomedical imaging techniques and computer-aided design to integrate both internal and external scaffold features. Then, bioinks which consist of biomaterials, cell types, and bioactive chemicals, are applied to facilitate the precise layer-by-layer bioprinting of tissue-engineered scaffolds. After undergoing in vitro and in vivo experiments, this process results in the development of the physiologically functional integrity of the tissue. The advantages of 3D bioprinting encompass the ability to customize scaffold design, enabling the precise incorporation of pore shape, size, and porosity, as well as the utilization of patient-specific cells to enhance compatibility. However, various challenges should be considered, including the optimization of biomaterials, ensuring adequate cell viability and differentiation, achieving seamless integration with the host tissue, and navigating regulatory attention. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the potential of 3D bioprinting in the rebuilding of such soft tissues, this paper covers various aspects of the bioprinted tissues to provide insights for the future development of repair techniques appropriate for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosein Rostamani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Fakhraei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Niloufar Zamirinadaf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehran Mahjour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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2
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Fang H, Ju J, Chen L, Zhou M, Zhang G, Hou J, Jiang W, Wang Z, Sun J. Clay Sculpture-Inspired 3D Printed Microcage Module Using Bioadhesion Assembly for Specific-Shaped Tissue Vascularization and Regeneration. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308381. [PMID: 38447173 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
3D bioprinting techniques have enabled the fabrication of irregular large-sized tissue engineering scaffolds. However, complicated customized designs increase the medical burden. Meanwhile, the integrated printing process hinders the cellular uniform distribution and local angiogenesis. A novel approach is introduced to the construction of sizable tissue engineering grafts by employing hydrogel 3D printing for modular bioadhesion assembly, and a poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA)-gelatin-dopamine (PGD) hydrogel, photosensitive and adhesive, enabling fine microcage module fabrication via DLP 3D printing is developed. The PGD hydrogel printed micocages are flexible, allowing various shapes and cell/tissue fillings for repairing diverse irregular tissue defects. In vivo experiments demonstrate robust vascularization and superior graft survival in nude mice. This assembly strategy based on scalable 3D printed hydrogel microcage module could simplify the construction of tissue with large volume and complex components, offering promise for diverse large tissue defect repairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Fang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jingyi Ju
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lifeng Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Muran Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guo Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jinfei Hou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenbin Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiaming Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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3
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Kim J, Lee H, Lee G, Ryu D, Kim G. Fabrication of fully aligned self-assembled cell-laden collagen filaments for tissue engineering via a hybrid bioprinting process. Bioact Mater 2024; 36:14-29. [PMID: 38425743 PMCID: PMC10900255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell-laden structures play a pivotal role in various tissue engineering applications, particularly in tissue restoration. Interactions between cells within bioprinted structures are crucial for successful tissue development and regulation of stem cell fate through intricate cell-to-cell signaling pathways. In this study, we developed a new technique that combines polyethylene glycol (PEG)-infused submerged bioprinting with a stretching procedure. This approach facilitated the generation of fully aligned collagen structures consisting of myoblasts and a low concentration (2 wt%) of collagen to efficiently encourage muscle tissue regeneration. By adjusting several processing parameters, we obtained biologically safe and mechanically stable cell-laden collagen filaments with uniaxial alignment. Notably, the cell filaments exhibited markedly elevated cellular activities compared to those exhibited by conventional bioprinted filaments, even at similar cell densities. Moreover, when we implanted structures containing adipose stem cells into mice, we observed a significantly increased level of myogenesis compared to that in normally bioprinted struts. Thus, this promising approach has the potential to revolutionize tissue engineering by fostering enhanced cellular interactions and promoting improved outcomes in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- JuYeon Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongjin Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyudo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - GeunHyung Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
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Kunwar P, Aryal U, Poudel A, Fougnier D, Geffert ZJ, Xie R, Li Z, Soman P. Droplet bioprinting of acellular and cell-laden structures at high-resolutions. Biofabrication 2024; 16:035019. [PMID: 38749419 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad4c09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Advances in digital light projection(DLP) based (bio) printers have made printing of intricate structures at high resolution possible using a wide range of photosensitive bioinks. A typical setup of a DLP bioprinter includes a vat or reservoir filled with liquid bioink, which presents challenges in terms of cost associated with bioink synthesis, high waste, and gravity-induced cell settling, contaminations, or variation in bioink viscosity during the printing process. Here, we report a vat-free, low-volume, waste-free droplet bioprinting method capable of rapidly printing 3D soft structures at high resolution using model bioinks and model cells. A multiphase many-body dissipative particle dynamics model was developed to simulate the dynamic process of droplet-based DLP printing and elucidate the roles of surface wettability and bioink viscosity. Process variables such as light intensity, photo-initiator concentration, and bioink formulations were optimized to print 3D soft structures (∼0.4-3 kPa) with a typical layer thickness of 50µm, an XY resolution of 38 ± 1.5μm and Z resolution of 237 ± 5.4µm. To demonstrate its versatility, droplet bioprinting was used to print a range of acellular 3D structures such as a lattice cube, a Mayan pyramid, a heart-shaped structure, and a microfluidic chip with endothelialized channels. Droplet bioprinting, performed using model C3H/10T1/2 cells, exhibited high viability (90%) and cell spreading. Additionally, microfluidic devices with internal channel networks lined with endothelial cells showed robust monolayer formation while osteoblast-laden constructs showed mineral deposition upon osteogenic induction. Overall, droplet bioprinting could be a low-cost, no-waste, easy-to-use, method to make customized bioprinted constructs for a range of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puskal Kunwar
- Biomedical, and Chemical Engineering Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
| | - Ujjwal Aryal
- Biomedical, and Chemical Engineering Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
| | - Arun Poudel
- Biomedical, and Chemical Engineering Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
| | - Daniel Fougnier
- Biomedical, and Chemical Engineering Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
| | - Zachary J Geffert
- Biomedical, and Chemical Engineering Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
| | - Rui Xie
- Biomedical, and Chemical Engineering Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, United States of America
| | - Pranav Soman
- Biomedical, and Chemical Engineering Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States of America
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Soliman BG, Longoni A, Major GS, Lindberg GCJ, Choi YS, Zhang YS, Woodfield TBF, Lim KS. Harnessing Macromolecular Chemistry to Design Hydrogel Micro- and Macro-Environments. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300457. [PMID: 38035637 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Cell encapsulation within three-dimensional hydrogels is a promising approach to mimic tissues. However, true biomimicry of the intricate microenvironment, biophysical and biochemical gradients, and the macroscale hierarchical spatial organizations of native tissues is an unmet challenge within tissue engineering. This review provides an overview of the macromolecular chemistries that have been applied toward the design of cell-friendly hydrogels, as well as their application toward controlling biophysical and biochemical bulk and gradient properties of the microenvironment. Furthermore, biofabrication technologies provide the opportunity to simultaneously replicate macroscale features of native tissues. Biofabrication strategies are reviewed in detail with a particular focus on the compatibility of these strategies with the current macromolecular toolkit described for hydrogel design and the challenges associated with their clinical translation. This review identifies that the convergence of the ever-expanding macromolecular toolkit and technological advancements within the field of biofabrication, along with an improved biological understanding, represents a promising strategy toward the successful tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram G Soliman
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Alessia Longoni
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584CX, The Netherlands
| | - Gretel S Major
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Gabriella C J Lindberg
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact Department of Bioengineering, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Yu Suk Choi
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tim B F Woodfield
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Khoon S Lim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
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Xie M, Wang J, Wu S, Yan S, He Y. Microgels for bioprinting: recent advancements and challenges. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1950-1964. [PMID: 38258987 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01733h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Microgels have become a popular and powerful structural unit in the bioprinting field due to their advanced properties, ranging from the tiny size and well-connected hydrogel (nutrient) network to special rheological properties. Different microgels can be fabricated by a variety of fabrication methods including bulk crushing, auxiliary dripping, multiphase emulsion, and lithography technology. Traditionally, microgels can encapsulate specific cells and are used for in vitro disease models and in vivo organ regeneration. Furthermore, microgels can serve as a drug carrier to realize controlled release of drug molecules. Apart from being used as an independent application unit, recently, these microgels are widely applied as a specific bioink component in 3D bioprinting for in situ tissue repair or building special 3D structures. In this review, we introduce different methods used to generate microgels and the microgel-based bioink for bioprinting. Besides, the further tendency of microgel development in future is introduced and predicted to provide guidance for related researchers in exploring more effective ways to fabricate microgels and more potential bioprinting application cases as multifunctional bioink components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Xie
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310014.
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310014.
| | - Sufan Wu
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310014.
| | - Sheng Yan
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310014.
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
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Vera D, García-Díaz M, Torras N, Castillo Ó, Illa X, Villa R, Alvarez M, Martinez E. A 3D bioprinted hydrogel gut-on-chip with integrated electrodes for transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements. Biofabrication 2024; 16:035008. [PMID: 38574551 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad3aa4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Conventional gut-on-chip (GOC) models typically represent the epithelial layer of the gut tissue, neglecting other important components such as the stromal compartment and the extracellular matrix (ECM) that play crucial roles in maintaining intestinal barrier integrity and function. These models often employ hard, flat porous membranes for cell culture, thus failing to recapitulate the soft environment and complex 3D architecture of the intestinal mucosa. Alternatively, hydrogels have been recently introduced in GOCs as ECM analogs to support the co-culture of intestinal cells inin vivo-like configurations, and thus opening new opportunities in the organ-on-chip field. In this work, we present an innovative GOC device that includes a 3D bioprinted hydrogel channel replicating the intestinal villi architecture containing both the epithelial and stromal compartments of the gut mucosa. The bioprinted hydrogels successfully support both the encapsulation of fibroblasts and their co-culture with intestinal epithelial cells under physiological flow conditions. Moreover, we successfully integrated electrodes into the microfluidic system to monitor the barrier formation in real time via transepithelial electrical resistance measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vera
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - María García-Díaz
- Biomimetic Systems for Cell Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Núria Torras
- Biomimetic Systems for Cell Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Óscar Castillo
- Biomimetic Systems for Cell Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Xavi Illa
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Rosa Villa
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Mar Alvarez
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Elena Martinez
- Biomimetic Systems for Cell Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona 08028, Spain
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Wang Z, Liang W, Wang G, Wu H, Dang W, Zhen Y, An Y. Construction Form and Application of Three-Dimensional Bioprinting Ink Containing Hydroxyapatite. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 38569169 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of bone tissue diseases, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting applied to bone tissue engineering for treatment has received a lot of interests in recent years. The research and popularization of 3D bioprinting in bone tissue engineering require bioinks with good performance, which is closely related to ideal material and appropriate construction form. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is the inorganic component of natural bone and has been widely used in bone tissue engineering and other fields due to its good biological and physicochemical properties. Previous studies have prepared different bioinks containing HAp and evaluated their properties in various aspects. Most bioinks showed significant improvement in terms of rheology and biocompatibility; however, not all of them had sufficiently favorable mechanical properties and antimicrobial activity. The deficiencies in properties of bioink and 3D bioprinting technology limited the applications of bioinks containing HAp in clinical trials. This review article summarizes the construction forms of bioinks containing HAp and its modifications in previous studies, as well as the 3D bioprinting techniques adopted to print bioink containing HAp. In addition, this article summarizes the advantages and underlying mechanisms of bioink containing HAp, as well as its limitations, and suggests possible improvement to facilitate the development of bone tissue engineering bioinks containing HAp in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimo Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanhuier Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huiting Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wanwen Dang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghuan Zhen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zhang Z, Xu C, Xu L, Wan J, Cao G, Liu Z, Ji P, Jin Q, Fu Y, Le Y, Ju J, Hou R, Zhang G. Bioprinted dermis with human adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments promotes wound healing. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:1407-1421. [PMID: 37876343 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered skin is an effective material for treating large skin defects in a clinical setting. However, its use is limited owing to vascular complications. Human adipose tissue-derived microvascular fragments (HaMVFs) are vascularized units that form vascular networks by rapid reassembly. In this study, we designed a vascularized bionic skin tissue using a three-dimensional (3D) bioprinter of HaMVFs and human fibroblasts encapsulated in a hybrid hydrogel composed of GelMA, HAMA, and fibrinogen. Tissues incorporating HaMVFs showed good in vitro vascularization and mechanical properties after UV crosslinking and thrombin exposure. Thus, the tissue could be sutured appropriately to the wound. In vivo, the vascularized 3D bioprinted skin promoted epidermal regeneration, collagen maturation in the dermal tissue, and vascularization of the skin tissue to accelerate wound healing. Overall, vascularized 3D bioprinted skin with HaMVFs is an effective material for treating skin defects and may be clinically applicable to reduce the necrosis rate of skin grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chi Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaming Wan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yangzhou University Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gaobiao Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengxiang Ji
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qianheng Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Le
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihui Ju
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruixing Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangliang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Ruihua Orthopaedic Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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10
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Abbadessa A, Ronca A, Salerno A. Integrating bioprinting, cell therapies and drug delivery towards in vivo regeneration of cartilage, bone and osteochondral tissue. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:858-894. [PMID: 37882983 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The biological and biomechanical functions of cartilage, bone and osteochondral tissue are naturally orchestrated by a complex crosstalk between zonally dependent cells and extracellular matrix components. In fact, this crosstalk involves biomechanical signals and the release of biochemical cues that direct cell fate and regulate tissue morphogenesis and remodelling in vivo. Three-dimensional bioprinting introduced a paradigm shift in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, since it allows to mimic native tissue anisotropy introducing compositional and architectural gradients. Moreover, the growing synergy between bioprinting and drug delivery may enable to replicate cell/extracellular matrix reciprocity and dynamics by the careful control of the spatial and temporal patterning of bioactive cues. Although significant advances have been made in this direction, unmet challenges and open research questions persist. These include, among others, the optimization of scaffold zonality and architectural features; the preservation of the bioactivity of loaded active molecules, as well as their spatio-temporal release; the in vitro scaffold maturation prior to implantation; the pros and cons of each animal model and the graft-defect mismatch; and the in vivo non-invasive monitoring of new tissue formation. This work critically reviews these aspects and reveals the state of the art of using three-dimensional bioprinting, and its synergy with drug delivery technologies, to pattern the distribution of cells and/or active molecules in cartilage, bone and osteochondral engineered tissues. Most notably, this work focuses on approaches, technologies and biomaterials that are currently under in vivo investigations, as these give important insights on scaffold performance at the implantation site and its interaction/integration with surrounding tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Abbadessa
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), IDIS Research Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Alfredo Ronca
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, 80125, Naples, Italy.
| | - Aurelio Salerno
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125, Naples, Italy.
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11
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Herzog J, Franke L, Lai Y, Gomez Rossi P, Sachtleben J, Weuster-Botz D. 3D bioprinting of microorganisms: principles and applications. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:443-461. [PMID: 38296889 PMCID: PMC11003907 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02965-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the ability to create intricate, live tissues and organs has been made possible thanks to three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting. Although tissue engineering has received a lot of attention, there is growing interest in the use of 3D bioprinting for microorganisms. Microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, and algae, are essential to many industrial bioprocesses, such as bioremediation as well as the manufacture of chemicals, biomaterials, and pharmaceuticals. This review covers current developments in 3D bioprinting methods for microorganisms. We go over the bioink compositions designed to promote microbial viability and growth, taking into account factors like nutrient delivery, oxygen supply, and waste elimination. Additionally, we investigate the most important bioprinting techniques, including extrusion-based, inkjet, and laser-assisted approaches, as well as their suitability with various kinds of microorganisms. We also investigate the possible applications of 3D bioprinted microbes. These range from constructing synthetic microbial consortia for improved metabolic pathway combinations to designing spatially patterned microbial communities for enhanced bioremediation and bioprocessing. We also look at the potential for 3D bioprinting to advance microbial research, including the creation of defined microenvironments to observe microbial behavior. In conclusion, the 3D bioprinting of microorganisms marks a paradigm leap in microbial bioprocess engineering and has the potential to transform many application areas. The ability to design the spatial arrangement of various microorganisms in functional structures offers unprecedented possibilities and ultimately will drive innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josha Herzog
- Department of Energy and Process Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Chair of Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Lea Franke
- TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Petersgasse 5, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Yingyao Lai
- TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Petersgasse 5, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Pablo Gomez Rossi
- TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Petersgasse 5, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Janina Sachtleben
- TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Petersgasse 5, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Dirk Weuster-Botz
- Department of Energy and Process Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Chair of Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstraße 15, 85748, Garching, Germany.
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12
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Loukelis K, Koutsomarkos N, Mikos AG, Chatzinikolaidou M. Advances in 3D bioprinting for regenerative medicine applications. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae033. [PMID: 38845855 PMCID: PMC11153344 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofabrication techniques allow for the construction of biocompatible and biofunctional structures composed from biomaterials, cells and biomolecules. Bioprinting is an emerging 3D printing method which utilizes biomaterial-based mixtures with cells and other biological constituents into printable suspensions known as bioinks. Coupled with automated design protocols and based on different modes for droplet deposition, 3D bioprinters are able to fabricate hydrogel-based objects with specific architecture and geometrical properties, providing the necessary environment that promotes cell growth and directs cell differentiation towards application-related lineages. For the preparation of such bioinks, various water-soluble biomaterials have been employed, including natural and synthetic biopolymers, and inorganic materials. Bioprinted constructs are considered to be one of the most promising avenues in regenerative medicine due to their native organ biomimicry. For a successful application, the bioprinted constructs should meet particular criteria such as optimal biological response, mechanical properties similar to the target tissue, high levels of reproducibility and printing fidelity, but also increased upscaling capability. In this review, we highlight the most recent advances in bioprinting, focusing on the regeneration of various tissues including bone, cartilage, cardiovascular, neural, skin and other organs such as liver, kidney, pancreas and lungs. We discuss the rapidly developing co-culture bioprinting systems used to resemble the complexity of tissues and organs and the crosstalk between various cell populations towards regeneration. Moreover, we report on the basic physical principles governing 3D bioprinting, and the ideal bioink properties based on the biomaterials' regenerative potential. We examine and critically discuss the present status of 3D bioprinting regarding its applicability and current limitations that need to be overcome to establish it at the forefront of artificial organ production and transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Loukelis
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | - Nikos Koutsomarkos
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 70013, Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion 70013, Greece
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13
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Khiari Z. Recent Developments in Bio-Ink Formulations Using Marine-Derived Biomaterials for Three-Dimensional (3D) Bioprinting. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:134. [PMID: 38535475 PMCID: PMC10971850 DOI: 10.3390/md22030134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
3D bioprinting is a disruptive, computer-aided, and additive manufacturing technology that allows the obtention, layer-by-layer, of 3D complex structures. This technology is believed to offer tremendous opportunities in several fields including biomedical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. Several bioprinting processes and bio-ink materials have emerged recently. However, there is still a pressing need to develop low-cost sustainable bio-ink materials with superior qualities (excellent mechanical, viscoelastic and thermal properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability). Marine-derived biomaterials, including polysaccharides and proteins, represent a viable and renewable source for bio-ink formulations. Therefore, the focus of this review centers around the use of marine-derived biomaterials in the formulations of bio-ink. It starts with a general overview of 3D bioprinting processes followed by a description of the most commonly used marine-derived biomaterials for 3D bioprinting, with a special attention paid to chitosan, glycosaminoglycans, alginate, carrageenan, collagen, and gelatin. The challenges facing the application of marine-derived biomaterials in 3D bioprinting within the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields along with future directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zied Khiari
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada
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14
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Huang G, Zhao Y, Chen D, Wei L, Hu Z, Li J, Zhou X, Yang B, Chen Z. Applications, advancements, and challenges of 3D bioprinting in organ transplantation. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1425-1448. [PMID: 38374788 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01934a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
To date, organ transplantation remains an effective method for treating end-stage diseases of various organs. In recent years, despite the continuous development of organ transplantation technology, a variety of problems restricting its progress have emerged one after another, and the shortage of donors is at the top of the list. Bioprinting is a very useful tool that has huge application potential in many fields of life science and biotechnology, among which its use in medicine occupies a large area. With the development of bioprinting, advances in medicine have focused on printing cells and tissues for tissue regeneration and reconstruction of viable human organs, such as the heart, kidneys, and bones. In recent years, with the development of organ transplantation, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has played an increasingly important role in this field, giving rise to many unsolved problems, including a shortage of organ donors. This review respectively introduces the development of 3D bioprinting as well as its working principles and main applications in the medical field, especially in the applications, and advancements and challenges of 3D bioprinting in organ transplantation. With the continuous update and progress of printing technology and its deeper integration with the medical field, many obstacles will have new solutions, including tissue repair and regeneration, organ reconstruction, etc., especially in the field of organ transplantation. 3D printing technology will provide a better solution to the problem of donor shortage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobin Huang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Dong Chen
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Lai Wei
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Junbo Li
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Xi Zhou
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Zhishui Chen
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
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15
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Wei X, Wu Y, Chen K, Wang L, Xu M. Embedded bioprinted multicellular spheroids modeling pancreatic cancer bioarchitecture towards advanced drug therapy. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:1788-1797. [PMID: 38268422 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02913a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The desmoplastic bioarchitecture and microenvironment caused by fibroblasts have been confirmed to be closely related to the drug response behavior of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Despite the extensive progress in developing PDAC models as in vitro drug screening platforms, developing efficient and controllable approaches for the construction of physiologically relevant models remains challenging. In the current study, multicellular spheroid models that emulate pancreatic cancer bioarchitecture and the desmoplastic microenvironment are bioengineered. An extrusion-based embedded dot bioprinting strategy was established to fabricate PDAC spheroids in a one-step process. Cell-laden hydrogel beads were directly deposited into a methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) suspension bath to generate spherical multicellular aggregates (SMAs), which further progressed into dense spheroids through in situ self assembly. By modulating the printing parameters, SMAs, even from multiple cell components, could be manipulated with tunable size and flexible location, achieving tunable spheroid patterns within the hydrogel bath with reproducible morphological features. To demonstrate the feasibility of this printing strategy, we fabricated desmoplastic PDAC spheroids by printing SMAs consisting of tumor cells and fibroblasts within the GelMA matrix bath. The produced hybrid spheroids were further exposed to different concentrations of the drug gemcitabine to verify their potential for use in cell therapy. Beyond providing a robust and facile bioprinting system that enables desmoplastic PDAC bioarchitecture bioengineering, this work introduces an approach for the scalable, flexible and rapid fabrication of cell spheroids or multi-cell-type spheroid patterns as platforms for advanced drug therapy or disease mechanism exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Wei
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Information and 3D Bioprinting of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yiwen Wu
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Keke Chen
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Information and 3D Bioprinting of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Information and 3D Bioprinting of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Mingen Xu
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Information and 3D Bioprinting of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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16
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Hafa L, Breideband L, Ramirez Posada L, Torras N, Martinez E, Stelzer EHK, Pampaloni F. Light Sheet-Based Laser Patterning Bioprinting Produces Long-Term Viable Full-Thickness Skin Constructs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306258. [PMID: 37822216 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering holds great promise for biomedical research and healthcare, offering alternatives to animal models and enabling tissue regeneration and organ transplantation. 3D bioprinting stands out for its design flexibility and reproducibility. Here, an integrated fluorescent light sheet bioprinting and imaging system is presented that combines high printing speed (0.66 mm3 /s) and resolution (9 µm) with light sheet-based imaging. This approach employs direct laser patterning and a static light sheet for confined voxel crosslinking in photocrosslinkable materials. The developed bioprinter enables real-time monitoring of hydrogel crosslinking using fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and brightfield imaging as well as in situ light sheet imaging of cells. Human fibroblasts encapsulated in a thiol-ene click chemistry-based hydrogel exhibited high viability (83% ± 4.34%) and functionality. Furthermore, full-thickness skin constructs displayed characteristics of both epidermal and dermal layers and remained viable for 41 days. The integrated approach demonstrates the capabilities of light sheet bioprinting, offering high speed, resolution, and real-time characterization. Future enhancements involving solid-state laser scanning devices such as acousto-optic deflectors and modulators will further enhance resolution and speed, opening new opportunities in light-based bioprinting and advancing tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levin Hafa
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurosciences (IZN), Buchman Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Louise Breideband
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurosciences (IZN), Buchman Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lucas Ramirez Posada
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurosciences (IZN), Buchman Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Núria Torras
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Elena Martinez
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Ernst H K Stelzer
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurosciences (IZN), Buchman Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Francesco Pampaloni
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurosciences (IZN), Buchman Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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17
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Suwannakot P, Zhu L, Tolentino MAK, Du EY, Sexton A, Myers S, Gooding JJ. Electrostatically Cross-Linked Bioinks for Jetting-Based Bioprinting of 3D Cell Cultures. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:269-283. [PMID: 38113450 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
It has been acknowledged that thousands of drugs that passed two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models and animal studies often fail when entering human clinical trials. Despite the significant development of three-dimensional (3D) models, developing a high-throughput model that can be reproducible on a scale remains challenging. One of the main challenges is precise cell deposition and the formation of a controllable number of spheroids to achieve more reproducible results for drug discovery and treatment applications. Furthermore, when transitioning from manually generated structures to 3D bioprinted structures, the choice of material is limited due to restrictions on materials that are applicable with bioprinters. Herein, we have shown the capability of a fast-cross-linking bioink that can be used to create a single spheroid with varying diameters (660, 1100, and 1340 μm) in a high-throughput manner using a commercialized drop-on-demand bioprinter. Throughout this work, we evaluate the physical properties of printable ink with and without cells, printing optimization, cytocompatibility, cell sedimentation, and homogeneity in ink during the printing process. This work showcases the importance of ink characterization to determine printability and precise cell deposition. The knowledge gained from this work will accelerate the development of next-generation inks compatible with a drop-on-demand 3D bioprinter for various applications such as precision models to mimic diseases, toxicity tests, and the drug development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panthipa Suwannakot
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - M A Kristine Tolentino
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Eric Y Du
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Andrew Sexton
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales 2015, Australia
| | - Sam Myers
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales 2015, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
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18
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Ochieng BO, Zhao L, Ye Z. Three-Dimensional Bioprinting in Vascular Tissue Engineering and Tissue Vascularization of Cardiovascular Diseases. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 37885200 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
In the 21st century, significant progress has been made in repairing damaged materials through material engineering. However, the creation of large-scale artificial materials still faces a major challenge in achieving proper vascularization. To address this issue, researchers have turned to biomaterials and three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting techniques, which allow for the combination of multiple biomaterials with improved mechanical and biological properties that mimic natural materials. Hydrogels, known for their ability to support living cells and biological components, have played a crucial role in this research. Among the recent developments, 3D bioprinting has emerged as a promising tool for constructing hybrid scaffolds. However, there are several challenges in the field of bioprinting, including the need for nanoscale biomimicry, the formulation of hydrogel blends, and the ongoing complexity of vascularizing biomaterials, which requires further research. On a positive note, 3D bioprinting offers a solution to the vascularization problem due to its precise spatial control, scalability, and reproducibility compared with traditional fabrication methods. This paper aims at examining the recent advancements in 3D bioprinting technology for creating blood vessels, vasculature, and vascularized materials. It provides a comprehensive overview of the progress made and discusses the limitations and challenges faced in current 3D bioprinting of vascularized tissues. In addition, the paper highlights the future research directions focusing on the development of 3D bioprinting techniques and bioinks for creating functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Omondi Ochieng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Leqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Biomedical Science and Biochemistry, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Zhiyi Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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19
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Fernandes da Silva JLG, Barroso Gonçalves SM, Plácido da Silva HH, Tavares da Silva MP. Three-dimensional printed exoskeletons and orthoses for the upper limb-A systematic review. Prosthet Orthot Int 2024:00006479-990000000-00211. [PMID: 38175034 DOI: 10.1097/pxr.0000000000000318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review aims to assess and summarize the current landscape in exoskeletons and orthotic solutions developed for upper limb medical assistance, which are partly or fully produced using 3-dimensional printing technologies and contain at least the elbow or the shoulder joints. The initial search was conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, and IEEEXplore, resulting in 92 papers, which were reduced to 72 after removal of duplicates. From the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria and selection questionnaire, 33 papers were included in the review, being divided according to the analyzed joints. The analysis of the selected papers allowed for the identification of different solutions that vary in terms of their target application, actuation type, 3-dimensional printing techniques, and material selection, among others. The results show that there has been far more research on the elbow joint than on the shoulder joint, which can be explained by the relative complexity of the latter. Moreover, the findings of this study also indicate that there is still a gap between the research conducted on these devices and their practical use in real-world conditions. Based on current trends, it is anticipated that the future of 3-dimensional printed exoskeletons will revolve around the use of flexible and high-performance materials, coupled with actuated devices. These advances have the potential to replace the conventional fabrication methods of exoskeletons with technologies based on additive manufacturing.
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20
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Barrulas RV, Corvo MC. Rheology in Product Development: An Insight into 3D Printing of Hydrogels and Aerogels. Gels 2023; 9:986. [PMID: 38131974 PMCID: PMC10742728 DOI: 10.3390/gels9120986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheological characterisation plays a crucial role in developing and optimising advanced materials in the form of hydrogels and aerogels, especially if 3D printing technologies are involved. Applications ranging from tissue engineering to environmental remediation require the fine-tuning of such properties. Nonetheless, their complex rheological behaviour presents unique challenges in additive manufacturing. This review outlines the vital rheological parameters that influence the printability of hydrogel and aerogel inks, emphasising the importance of viscosity, yield stress, and viscoelasticity. Furthermore, the article discusses the latest developments in rheological modifiers and printing techniques that enable precise control over material deposition and resolution in 3D printing. By understanding and manipulating the rheological properties of these materials, researchers can explore new possibilities for applications such as biomedicine or nanotechnology. An optimal 3D printing ink requires strong shear-thinning behaviour for smooth extrusion, forming continuous filaments. Favourable thixotropic properties aid viscosity recovery post-printing, and adequate yield stress and G' are crucial for structural integrity, preventing deformation or collapse in printed objects, and ensuring high-fidelity preservation of shapes. This insight into rheology provides tools for the future of material design and manufacturing in the rapidly evolving field of 3D printing of hydrogels and aerogels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta C. Corvo
- i3N|Cenimat, Department of Materials Science (DCM), NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
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21
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Bontempi M, Marchiori G, Petretta M, Capozza R, Grigolo B, Giavaresi G, Gambardella A. Nanomechanical Mapping of Three Dimensionally Printed Poly-ε-Caprolactone Single Microfibers at the Cell Scale for Bone Tissue Engineering Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:617. [PMID: 38132556 PMCID: PMC10742115 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8080617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) has been widely used in additive manufacturing for the construction of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. However, its use is limited by its lack of bioactivity and inability to induce cell adhesion, hence limiting bone tissue regeneration. Biomimicry is strongly influenced by the dynamics of cell-substrate interaction. Thus, characterizing scaffolds at the cell scale could help to better understand the relationship between surface mechanics and biological response. We conducted atomic force microscopy-based nanoindentation on 3D-printed PCL fibers of ~300 µm thickness and mapped the near-surface Young's modulus at loading forces below 50 nN. In this non-disruptive regime, force mapping did not show clear patterns in the spatial distribution of moduli or a relationship with the topographic asperities within a given region. Remarkably, we found that the average modulus increased linearly with the logarithm of the strain rate. Finally, a dependence of the moduli on the history of nanoindentation was demonstrated on locations of repeated nanoindentations, likely due to creep phenomena capable of hindering viscoelasticity. Our findings can contribute to the rational design of scaffolds for bone regeneration that are capable of inducing cell adhesion and proliferation. The methodologies described are potentially applicable to various tissue-engineered biopolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bontempi
- Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Gregorio Marchiori
- Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Mauro Petretta
- REGENHU SA, Z.I Du Vivier 22, CH-1690 Villaz-St-Pierre, Switzerland;
| | - Rosario Capozza
- School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3DW, UK;
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Alessandro Gambardella
- Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (M.B.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
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22
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Lv H, Deng G, Lai J, Yu Y, Chen F, Yao J. Advances in 3D Bioprinting of Biomimetic and Engineered Meniscal Grafts. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300199. [PMID: 37436941 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The meniscus plays a crucial role in loads distribution and protection of articular cartilage. Meniscal injury can result in cartilage degeneration, loss of mechanical stability in the knee joint and ultimately lead to arthritis. Surgical interventions provide only short-term pain relief but fail to repair or regenerate the injured meniscus. Emerging tissue engineering approaches based on 3D bioprinting provide alternatives to current surgical methods for meniscus repair. In this review, the current bioprinting techniques employed in developing engineered meniscus grafts are summarized and discuss the latest strategies for mimicking the gradient structure, composition, and viscoelastic properties of native meniscus. Recent progress is highlighted in gene-activated matrices for meniscus regeneration as well. Finally, a perspective is provided on the future development of 3D bioprinting for meniscus repair, emphasizing the potential of this technology to revolutionize meniscus regeneration and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyuan Lv
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, International Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guotao Deng
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiaqi Lai
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yin Yu
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, International Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
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23
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Jiang H, Li X, Chen T, Liu Y, Wang Q, Wang Z, Jia J. Bioprinted vascular tissue: Assessing functions from cellular, tissue to organ levels. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100846. [PMID: 37953757 PMCID: PMC10632537 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
3D bioprinting technology is widely used to fabricate various tissue structures. However, the absence of vessels hampers the ability of bioprinted tissues to receive oxygen and nutrients as well as to remove wastes, leading to a significant reduction in their survival rate. Despite the advancements in bioinks and bioprinting technologies, bioprinted vascular structures continue to be unsuitable for transplantation compared to natural blood vessels. In addition, a complete assessment index system for evaluating the structure and function of bioprinted vessels in vitro has not yet been established. Therefore, in this review, we firstly highlight the significance of selecting suitable bioinks and bioprinting techniques as they two synergize with each other. Subsequently, focusing on both vascular-associated cells and vascular tissues, we provide a relatively thorough assessment of the functions of bioprinted vascular tissue based on the physiological functions that natural blood vessels possess. We end with a review of the applications of vascular models, such as vessel-on-a-chip, in simulating pathological processes and conducting drug screening at the organ level. We believe that the development of fully functional blood vessels will soon make great contributions to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyi Li
- Sino-Swiss Institute of Advanced Technology, School of Micro-electronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhong Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai (CHGC) and Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies (SIBPT), Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Jia
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Sino-Swiss Institute of Advanced Technology, School of Micro-electronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Cianciosi A, Stecher S, Löffler M, Bauer-Kreisel P, Lim KS, Woodfield TBF, Groll J, Blunk T, Jungst T. Flexible Allyl-Modified Gelatin Photoclick Resin Tailored for Volumetric Bioprinting of Matrices for Soft Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300977. [PMID: 37699146 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Volumetric bioprinting (VBP) is a light-based 3D printing platform, which recently prompted a paradigm shift for additive manufacturing (AM) techniques considering its capability to enable the fabrication of complex cell-laden geometries in tens of seconds with high spatiotemporal control and pattern accuracy. A flexible allyl-modified gelatin (gelAGE)-based photoclick resin is developed in this study to fabricate matrices with exceptionally soft polymer networks (0.2-1.0 kPa). The gelAGE-based resin formulations are designed to exploit the fast thiol-ene crosslinking in combination with a four-arm thiolated polyethylene glycol (PEG4SH) in the presence of a photoinitiator. The flexibility of the gelAGE biomaterial platform allows one to tailor its concentration spanning from 2.75% to 6% and to vary the allyl to thiol ratio without hampering the photocrosslinking efficiency. The thiol-ene crosslinking enables the production of viable cell-material constructs with a high throughput in tens of seconds. The suitability of the gelAGE-based resins is demonstrated by adipogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASC) after VBP and by the printing of more fragile adipocytes as a proof-of-concept. Taken together, this study introduces a soft photoclick resin which paves the way for volumetric printing applications toward soft tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cianciosi
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Biofabrication and Functional Materials, University of Würzburg and KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Stecher
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maxi Löffler
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Biofabrication and Functional Materials, University of Würzburg and KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Petra Bauer-Kreisel
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Khoon S Lim
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Tim B F Woodfield
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Biofabrication and Functional Materials, University of Würzburg and KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Blunk
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tomasz Jungst
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Biofabrication and Functional Materials, University of Würzburg and KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
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25
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Jing S, Lian L, Hou Y, Li Z, Zheng Z, Li G, Tang G, Xie G, Xie M. Advances in volumetric bioprinting. Biofabrication 2023; 16:012004. [PMID: 37922535 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad0978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technologies are suitable for biomedical applications owing to their ability to manufacture complex and high-precision tissue constructs. However, the slow printing speed of current layer-by-layer (bio)printing modality is the major limitation in biofabrication field. To overcome this issue, volumetric bioprinting (VBP) is developed. VBP changes the layer-wise operation of conventional devices, permitting the creation of geometrically complex, centimeter-scale constructs in tens of seconds. VBP is the next step onward from sequential biofabrication methods, opening new avenues for fast additive manufacturing in the fields of tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, personalized drug testing, and soft robotics, etc. Therefore, this review introduces the printing principles and hardware designs of VBP-based techniques; then focuses on the recent advances in VBP-based (bio)inks and their biomedical applications. Lastly, the current limitations of VBP are discussed together with future direction of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibo Jing
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Lian
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States of America
| | - Yingying Hou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeqing Li
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Zheng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Guosheng Tang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxi Xie
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
| | - Maobin Xie
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, People's Republic of China
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26
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Ahmed S, Hussain R, Khan A, Batool SA, Mughal A, Nawaz MH, Irfan M, Wadood A, Avcu E, Rehman MAU. 3D Printing Assisted Fabrication of Copper-Silver Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles Reinforced Sodium Alginate/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Based Composite Scaffolds: Designed for Skin Tissue Engineering. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:5052-5066. [PMID: 37857344 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (also known as 3D printing) is a promising method for producing patient-specific implants. In the present study, sodium alginate (Na-ALG)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymer blends of varying ratios (1:0, 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3) were used to produce tailored-designed skin scaffolds using a 3D bioprinter. Samples of skin scaffolds were printed at 20 layers with a layer height of 0.15 mm using a needle with an inner diameter of 330 μm while maintaining the extrusion speed, extrusion width, and fill density at 10 mm/s, 0.2 mm, and 85%, respectively. The Na-ALG/PVA blend with a 3:1 ratio showed the best printability due to its good viscosity and minimal nozzle leakage, allowing for the fabrication of skin scaffolds with high fidelity and the desired morphological characteristics. Then, copper-silver doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Cu-Ag MBGNs) were incorporated into the Na-ALG/PVA blend (which had already been prepared by using a Na-ALG:PVA ratio of 3:1) in order to obtain therapeutic (angiogenic and antibacterial) effects. The fabricated Na-ALG/PVA/Cu-Ag MBGNs biocomposite scaffolds with dimensions of 20 mm× 20 × 3 mm3 and pore size of 400 ± 60 μm exhibited a promising fidelity. The presence of chemical bonds attributed to Na-ALG, PVA, and Cu-Ag MBGNs and the uniform distribution of Na, C, and O elements within the microstructure of the scaffolds were confirmed by EDX, SEM, and FTIR analyses. The scaffolds were hydrophilic and exhibited proper swelling and degradation behavior for skin tissue engineering. According to the inhibition halo test, the scaffolds exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The cytocompatibility to human-derived fibroblast cells was confirmed by the WST-8 assay and in vivo Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. In addition, Na-ALG/PVA/Cu-Ag MBGNs showed angiogenic potential, exhibiting favorable wound healing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheraz Ahmed
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Hussain
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Khan
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Ammara Batool
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Awab Mughal
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haseeb Nawaz
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Science & Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Egemen Avcu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41001, Turkey
- Department of Machine and Metal Technologies, Ford Otosan Ihsaniye Automotive Vocational School, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41650, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Centre of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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27
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Du EY, Jung M, Skhinas J, Tolentino MAK, Noy J, Jamshidi N, Houng JL, Tjandra KC, Engel M, Utama R, Tilley RD, Kavallaris M, Gooding JJ. 3D Bioprintable Hydrogel with Tunable Stiffness for Exploring Cells Encapsulated in Matrices of Differing Stiffnesses. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4603-4612. [PMID: 37844275 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
In vitro cell models have undergone a shift from 2D models on glass slides to 3D models that better reflect the native 3D microenvironment. 3D bioprinting promises to progress the field by allowing the high-throughput production of reproducible cell-laden structures with high fidelity. The current stiffness range of printable matrices surrounding the cells that mimic the extracellular matrix environment remains limited. The work presented herein aims to expand the range of stiffnesses by utilizing a four-armed polyethylene glycol with maleimide-functionalized arms. The complementary cross-linkers comprised a matrix metalloprotease-degradable peptide and a four-armed thiolated polymer which were adjusted in ratio to tune the stiffness. The modularity of this system allows for a simple method of controlling stiffness and the addition of biological motifs. The application of this system in drop-on-demand printing is validated using MCF-7 cells, which were monitored for viability and proliferation. This study shows the potential of this system for the high-throughput investigation of the effects of stiffness and biological motif compositions in relation to cell behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Y Du
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - MoonSun Jung
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Joanna Skhinas
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - M A Kristine Tolentino
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Janina Noy
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales 2015, Australia
| | - Niloufar Jamshidi
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Jacinta L Houng
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Kristel C Tjandra
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| | - Martin Engel
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales 2015, Australia
| | - Robert Utama
- Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales 2015, Australia
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia
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28
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Xiao X, Yang Y, Lai Y, Huang Z, Li C, Yang S, Niu C, Yang L, Feng L. Customization of an Ultrafast Thiol-Norbornene Photo-Cross-Linkable Hyaluronic Acid-Gelatin Bioink for Extrusion-Based 3D Bioprinting. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5414-5427. [PMID: 37883334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Light-based three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has been widely studied in tissue engineering. Despite the fact that free-radical chain polymerization-based bioinks like hyaluronic acid methacrylate (HAMA) and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) have been extensively explored in 3D bioprinting, the thiol-ene hydrogel system has attracted increasing attention for its ability in building hydrogel scaffolds in an oxygen-tolerant and cell-friendly way. Herein, we report a superfast curing thiol-ene bioink composed of norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid (NorHA) and thiolated gelatin (GelSH) for 3D bioprinting. A new facile approach was first introduced in the synthesis of NorHA, which circumvented the cumbersome steps involved in previous works. Additionally, after mixing NorHA with macro-cross-linker GelSH, the customized NorHA/GelSH bioinks exhibited fascinating superiorities over the gold standard GelMA bioinks, such as an ultrafast curing rate (1-5 s), much lowered photoinitiator concentration (0.03% w/v), and flexible physical performances. Moreover, the NorHA/GelSH hydrogel greatly avoided excess ROS generation, which is important for the survival of the encapsulated cells. Last, compared with the GelMA scaffold, the 3D-printed NorHA/GelSH scaffold not only exhibited excellent cell viability but also guaranteed cell proliferation, revealing its superior bioactivity. In conclusion, the NorHA/GelSH system is a promising candidate for 3D bioprinting and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Xiao
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchu Yang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushang Lai
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojie Yang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Niu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Yang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Feng
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
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29
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Wu Y, Qin M, Yang X. Organ bioprinting: progress, challenges and outlook. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:10263-10287. [PMID: 37850299 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01630g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Bioprinting, as a groundbreaking technology, enables the fabrication of biomimetic tissues and organs with highly complex structures, multiple cell types, mechanical heterogeneity, and diverse functional gradients. With the growing demand for organ transplantation and the limited number of organ donors, bioprinting holds great promise for addressing the organ shortage by manufacturing completely functional organs. While the bioprinting of complete organs remains a distant goal, there has been considerable progress in the development of bioprinted transplantable tissues and organs for regenerative medicine. This review article recapitulates the current achievements of organ 3D bioprinting, primarily encompassing five important organs in the human body (i.e., the heart, kidneys, liver, pancreas, and lungs). Challenges from cellular techniques, biomanufacturing technologies, and organ maturation techniques are also deliberated for the broad application of organ bioprinting. In addition, the integration of bioprinting with other cutting-edge technologies including machine learning, organoids, and microfluidics is envisioned, which strives to offer the reader the prospect of bioprinting in constructing functional organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Minghao Qin
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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30
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Sang S, Wang X, Duan J, Cao Y, Shen Z, Sun L, Duan Q, Liu Z. 3D printing to construct in vitro multicellular models of melanoma. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:2853-2864. [PMID: 37227037 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there is a lack of suitable models for in-vitro studies of malignant melanoma and traditional single cell culture models no longer reproduce tumor structure and physiological complexity well. The tumor microenvironment is closely related to carcinogenesis and it is particularly important to understand how tumor cells interact and communicate with surrounding nonmalignant cells. Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro multicellular culture models can better simulate the tumor microenvironment due to their excellent physicochemical properties. In this study, 3D composite hydrogel scaffolds were prepared from gelatin methacrylate and polyethylene glycol diacrylate hydrogels by 3D printing and light curing techniques, and 3D multicellular in vitro tumor culture models were established by inoculating human melanoma cells (A375) and human fibroblasts cells on them. The cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistance of the 3D multicellular in vitro model was evaluated. Compared with the single-cell model, the cells in the multicellular model had higher proliferation activity and migration ability, and were easy to form dense structures. Several tumor cell markers, such as matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), MMP-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor, were highly expressed in the multicellular culture model, which were more favorable for tumor development. In addition, higher cell survival rate was observed after exposure to luteolin. The anticancer drug resistance result of the malignant melanoma cells in the 3D bioprinted construct demonstrated physiological properties, suggesting the promising potential of current 3D printed tumor model in the development of personalized therapy, especially for discovery of more conducive targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbo Sang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Institute of 6D Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Science, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiahui Duan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanyan Cao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Institute of 6D Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Science, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhizhong Shen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Institute of 6D Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Science, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qianqian Duan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zixian Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Micro Nano Sensors & Artificial Intelligence Perception, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
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31
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Torras N, Zabalo J, Abril E, Carré A, García-Díaz M, Martínez E. A bioprinted 3D gut model with crypt-villus structures to mimic the intestinal epithelial-stromal microenvironment. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 153:213534. [PMID: 37356284 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The intestine is a complex tissue with a characteristic three-dimensional (3D) crypt-villus architecture, which plays a key role in the intestinal function. This function is also regulated by the intestinal stroma that actively supports the intestinal epithelium, maintaining the homeostasis of the tissue. Efforts to account for the 3D complex structure of the intestinal tissue have been focused mainly in mimicking the epithelial barrier, while solutions to include the stromal compartment are scarce and unpractical to be used in routine experiments. Here we demonstrate that by employing an optimized bioink formulation and the suitable printing parameters it is possible to produce fibroblast-laden crypt-villus structures by means of digital light projection stereolithography (DLP-SLA). This process provides excellent cell viability, accurate spatial resolution, and high printing throughput, resulting in a robust biofabrication approach that yields functional gut mucosa tissues compatible with conventional testing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Torras
- Biomimetic Systems for Cell Engineering Laboratory, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jon Zabalo
- Biomimetic Systems for Cell Engineering Laboratory, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Abril
- Biomimetic Systems for Cell Engineering Laboratory, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albane Carré
- Biomimetic Systems for Cell Engineering Laboratory, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María García-Díaz
- Biomimetic Systems for Cell Engineering Laboratory, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Elena Martínez
- Biomimetic Systems for Cell Engineering Laboratory, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona (UB), Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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32
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Lim JI. Bio-Physical Properties of Acetylated Chitosan/Poly(ɛ-Caprolactone) Composites for Three-Dimensional Printing Material Applications. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2023; 10:1072-1079. [PMID: 37886411 PMCID: PMC10599435 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2022.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
For three-dimensional (3D) printing material applications in tissue engineering, acetylated chitosan (AC)/poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) composites were prepared by the melt mixing method using the acetylation of chitosan with PCL. The physiochemical properties of the AC/PCL composites were examined by measuring the water contact angles, dispersity of AC on the cross-section using scanning electron microscopy, and temperature stability. In addition, mechanical properties such as tensile strength and bending stress recovery were measured to determine the elasticity of the composite films. The fibroblast cell line NIH-3T3 was used to test the relative cell affinities based on the AC content and cell viability on AC/PCL at various temperatures. There was no difference between the melting points and tensile strengths of the AC/PCL composites and pure PCL. Overall, the AC/PCL composites showed high initial cell adhesion after 4 h of cell culture and increased cell proliferation compared to those of PCL composites used as a control. Based on these tests, an AC of 10.7 wt% was determined to be the optimal composition for the AC/PCL composite. Thus, these composites can be used in various 3D printing material applications in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ik Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin-si, Republic of Korea
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33
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Zhou Z, Tang W, Yang J, Fan C. Application of 4D printing and bioprinting in cardiovascular tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6403-6420. [PMID: 37599608 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00312d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have remained the leading cause of death worldwide for the past 20 years. The current clinical therapeutic measures, including bypass surgery, stent implantation and pharmacotherapy, are not enough to repair the massive loss of cardiomyocytes after myocardial ischemia. Timely replenishment with functional myocardial tissue via biomedical engineering is the most direct and effective means to improve the prognosis and survival rate of patients. It is widely recognized that 4D printing technology introduces an additional dimension of time in comparison with traditional 3D printing. Additionally, in the context of 4D bioprinting, both the printed material and the resulting product are designed to be biocompatible, which will be the mainstream of bioprinting in the future. Thus, this review focuses on the application of 4D bioprinting in cardiovascular diseases, discusses the bottleneck of the development of 4D bioprinting, and finally looks forward to the future direction and prospect of this revolutionary technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, 410011 Changsha, China
| | - Weijie Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, 410011 Changsha, China.
| | - Jinfu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, 410011 Changsha, China.
| | - Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Middle Renmin Road 139, 410011 Changsha, China.
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34
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Su H, Lu B, Li M, Yang X, Qin M, Wu Y. Development of digital light processing-based multi-material bioprinting for fabrication of heterogeneous tissue constructs. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6663-6673. [PMID: 37614165 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01054f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Human tissues and organs have heterogeneous structures with multiple property gradients, which are difficult to restore by single-material bioprinting technology. The advances in multi-material bioprinting technologies have shown great promise in replicating tissue-engineered constructs with one or more functional gradients. In this study, a multi-material 3D printing system based on digital light processing (DLP) was developed, which could efficiently complete multi-material bioprinting tasks. An appropriate concentration of an ultraviolet absorber was selected to improve the printability of channels, and meanwhile, curing parameters were optimized to improve the printing accuracy. The regulation of the mechanical properties of 3D printed constructs was also explored, which offered guidance on the printing of constructs with mechanical anisotropy. In addition, a cell-laden tracheal construct was bioprinted with a biomimetic heterogeneous structure and mechanical gradient, which could support superior cell viability during a 7-day culture. This study showed that the DLP-based process has the capability of building constructs with complex structures and multiple materials, exhibiting the potential to be used in the biofabrication of heterogeneous and functionally-graded tissues and organs for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Su
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Bingxian Lu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Ming Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Minghao Qin
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Yang Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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35
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Frankowski J, Kurzątkowska M, Sobczak M, Piotrowska U. Utilization of 3D bioprinting technology in creating human tissue and organoid models for preclinical drug research - State-of-the-art. Int J Pharm 2023; 644:123313. [PMID: 37579828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapid development of tissue engineering in recent years has increased the importance of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology as novel strategy for fabrication functional 3D tissue and organoid models for pharmaceutical research. 3D bioprinting technology gives hope for eliminating many problems associated with traditional cell culture methods during drug screening. However, there is a still long way to wider clinical application of this technology due to the numerous difficulties associated with development of bioinks, advanced printers and in-depth understanding of human tissue architecture. In this review, the work associated with relatively well-known extrusion-based bioprinting (EBB), jetting-based bioprinting (JBB), and vat photopolymerization bioprinting (VPB) is presented and discussed with the latest advances and limitations in this field. Next we discuss state-of-the-art research of 3D bioprinted in vitro models including liver, kidney, lung, heart, intestines, eye, skin as well as neural and bone tissue that have potential applications in the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Frankowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Matylda Kurzątkowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Piotrowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
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36
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He J, Sun Y, Gao Q, He C, Yao K, Wang T, Xie M, Yu K, Nie J, Chen Y, He Y. Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel, from Standardization, Performance, to Biomedical Application. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300395. [PMID: 37115708 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), a photocurable hydrogel, is widely used in 3D culture, particularly in 3D bioprinting, due to its high biocompatibility, tunable physicochemical properties, and excellent formability. However, as the properties and performances of GelMA vary under different synthetic conditions, there is a lack of standardization, leading to conflicting results. In this study, a uniform standard is established to understand and enhance GelMA applications. First, the basic concept of GelMA and the density of the molecular network (DMN) are defined. Second, two properties, degrees of substitution and ratio of solid content, as the main measurable parameters determining the DMN are used. Third, the mechanisms and relationships between DMN and its performance in various applications in terms of porosity, viscosity, formability, mechanical strength, swelling, biodegradation, and cytocompatibility are theoretically explained. The main questions that are answered: what does performance mean, why is it important, how to optimize the basic parameters to improve the performance, and how to characterize it reasonably and accurately? Finally, it is hoped that this knowledge will eliminate the need for researchers to conduct tedious and repetitive pre-experiments, enable easy communication for achievements between groups under the same standard, and fully explore the potential of the GelMA hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Qing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Engineering for Life Group (EFL), Suzhou, 215101, China
| | - Chanfan He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Ke Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Tongyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, National Laboratory for Clean Energy, 2011-Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Kang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yuewei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Engineering for Life Group (EFL), Suzhou, 215101, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Process and Equipment of Zhejiang Province, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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37
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Gugulothu S, Asthana S, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Chatterjee K. Trends in Photopolymerizable Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting of Tumor Models. JACS AU 2023; 3:2086-2106. [PMID: 37654587 PMCID: PMC10466332 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technologies involving photopolymerizable bioinks (PBs) have attracted enormous attention in recent times owing to their ability to recreate complex structures with high resolution, mechanical stability, and favorable printing conditions that are suited for encapsulating cells. 3D bioprinted tissue constructs involving PBs can offer better insights into the tumor microenvironment and offer platforms for drug screening to advance cancer research. These bioinks enable the incorporation of physiologically relevant cell densities, tissue-mimetic stiffness, and vascularized channels and biochemical gradients in the 3D tumor models, unlike conventional two-dimensional (2D) cultures or other 3D scaffold fabrication technologies. In this perspective, we present the emerging techniques of 3D bioprinting using PBs in the context of cancer research, with a specific focus on the efforts to recapitulate the complexity of the tumor microenvironment. We describe printing approaches and various PB formulations compatible with these techniques along with recent attempts to bioprint 3D tumor models for studying migration and metastasis, cell-cell interactions, cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and drug screening relevant to cancer. We discuss the limitations and identify unexplored opportunities in this field for clinical and commercial translation of these emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram
Bharath Gugulothu
- Department
of Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
| | - Sonal Asthana
- Department
of Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
- Department
of Hepatobiliary and Multi-Organ Transplantation Surgery, Aster CMI Hospital, Bangalore 560024, India
| | - Shervanthi Homer-Vanniasinkam
- Department
of Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Division of Surgery, University College, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department
of Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560012, India
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38
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Ong JJ, Chow YL, Gaisford S, Cook MT, Swift T, Telford R, Rimmer S, Qin Y, Mai Y, Goyanes A, Basit AW. Supramolecular chemistry enables vat photopolymerization 3D printing of novel water-soluble tablets. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123286. [PMID: 37532009 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Vat photopolymerization has garnered interest from pharmaceutical researchers for the fabrication of personalised medicines, especially for drugs that require high precision dosing or are heat labile. However, the 3D printed structures created thus far have been insoluble, limiting printable dosage forms to sustained-release systems or drug-eluting medical devices which do not require dissolution of the printed matrix. Resins that produce water-soluble structures will enable more versatile drug release profiles and expand potential applications. To achieve this, instead of employing cross-linking chemistry to fabricate matrices, supramolecular chemistry may be used to impart dynamic interaction between polymer chains. In this study, water-soluble drug-loaded printlets (3D printed tablets) are fabricated via digital light processing (DLP) 3DP for the first time. Six formulations with varying ratios of an electrolyte acrylate monomer, [2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (TMAEA), and a co-monomer, 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP), were prepared to produce paracetamol-loaded printlets. 1H NMR spectroscopy analysis confirmed the integration of TMAEA and NVP in the polymer, and residual TMAEA monomers were found to be present only in trace amounts (0.71 - 1.37 %w/w). The apparent molecular mass of the photopolymerised polymer was found to exceed 300,000 Da with hydrodynamic radii of 15 - 20 nm, estimated based on 1H DOSY NMR measurements The loaded paracetamol was completely released from the printlets between 45 minutes to 5 hours. In vivo single-dose acute toxicity studies in rats suggest that the printlets did not cause any tissue damage. The findings reported in this study represent a significant step towards the adoption of vat photopolymerization-based 3DP to produce personalised medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jie Ong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Yee Lam Chow
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Simon Gaisford
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Michael T Cook
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Thomas Swift
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Richard Telford
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Stephen Rimmer
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Yujia Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yang Mai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Alvaro Goyanes
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; FabRx Ltd., 3 Romney Road, Ashford, Kent TN24 0RW, UK; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Materiales (iMATUS) and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - Abdul W Basit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK; FabRx Ltd., 3 Romney Road, Ashford, Kent TN24 0RW, UK.
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39
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Wang Z, Liang X, Wang G, Wang X, Chen Y. Emerging Bioprinting for Wound Healing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2304738. [PMID: 37566537 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Bioprinting has attracted much attention due to its suitability for fabricating biomedical devices. In particular, bioprinting has become one of the growing centers in the field of wound healing, with various types of bioprinted devices being developed, including 3D scaffolds, microneedle patches, and flexible electronics. Bioprinted devices can be designed with specific biostructures and biofunctions that closely match the shape of wound sites and accelerate the regeneration of skin through various approaches. Herein, a comprehensive review of the bioprinting of smart wound dressings is presented, emphasizing the crucial effect of bioprinting in determining biostructures and biofunctions. The review begins with an overview of bioprinting techniques and bioprinted devices, followed with an in-depth discussion of polymer-based inks, modification strategies, additive ingredients, properties, and applications. The strategies for the modification of bioprinted devices are divided into seven categories, including chemical synthesis of novel inks, physical blending, coaxial bioprinting, multimaterial bioprinting, physical absorption, chemical immobilization, and hybridization with living cells, and examples are presented. Thereafter, the frontiers of bioprinting and wound healing, including 4D bioprinting, artificial intelligence-assisted bioprinting, and in situ bioprinting, are discussed from a perspective of interdisciplinary sciences. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects in this field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune Related Disease, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Urology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Urinary System Diseases, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune Related Disease, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Guanyi Wang
- Department of Urology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Urinary System Diseases, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Urinary System Diseases, Cancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune Related Disease, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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40
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Öztürk-Öncel MÖ, Leal-Martínez BH, Monteiro RF, Gomes ME, Domingues RMA. A dive into the bath: embedded 3D bioprinting of freeform in vitro models. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:5462-5473. [PMID: 37489648 PMCID: PMC10408712 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00626c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Designing functional, vascularized, human scale in vitro models with biomimetic architectures and multiple cell types is a highly promising strategy for both a better understanding of natural tissue/organ development stages to inspire regenerative medicine, and to test novel therapeutics on personalized microphysiological systems. Extrusion-based 3D bioprinting is an effective biofabrication technology to engineer living constructs with predefined geometries and cell patterns. However, bioprinting high-resolution multilayered structures with mechanically weak hydrogel bioinks is challenging. The advent of embedded 3D bioprinting systems in recent years offered new avenues to explore this technology for in vitro modeling. By providing a stable, cell-friendly and perfusable environment to hold the bioink during and after printing, it allows to recapitulate native tissues' architecture and function in a well-controlled manner. Besides enabling freeform bioprinting of constructs with complex spatial organization, support baths can further provide functional housing systems for their long-term in vitro maintenance and screening. This minireview summarizes the recent advances in this field and discuss the enormous potential of embedded 3D bioprinting technologies as alternatives for the automated fabrication of more biomimetic in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Özgen Öztürk-Öncel
- 3B's Research Group I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Baltazar Hiram Leal-Martínez
- 3B's Research Group I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rosa F Monteiro
- 3B's Research Group I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Manuela E Gomes
- 3B's Research Group I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui M A Domingues
- 3B's Research Group I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra Barco, Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Raj R, Dixit AR. Direct Ink Writing of Carbon-Doped Polymeric Composite Ink: A Review on Its Requirements and Applications. 3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2023; 10:828-854. [PMID: 37609584 PMCID: PMC10440670 DOI: 10.1089/3dp.2021.0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Direct Ink Writing (DIW) opens new possibilities in three-dimensional (3D) printing of carbon-based polymeric ink. This is due to its ability in design flexibility, structural complexity, and environmental sustainability. This area requires exhaustive study because of its wide application in different manufacturing sectors. The present article is related to the variant emerging 3D printing techniques and DIW of carbonaceous materials. Carbon-based materials, extensively used for various applications in 3D printing, possess impressive chemical stability, strength, and flexible nanostructure. Fine printable inks consist predominantly of uniform solutions of carbon materials, such as graphene, graphene oxide (GO), carbon fibers (CFs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and solvents. It also contains compatible polymers and suitable additives. This review article elaborately discusses the fundamental requirements of DIW in structuring carbon-doped polymeric inks viz. ink formulation, required ink rheology, extrusion parameters, print fidelity prediction, layer bonding examination, substrate selection, and curing method to achieve fine functional composites. A detailed description of its application in the fields of electronics, medical, and mechanical segments have also been focused in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnesh Raj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India
| | - Amit Rai Dixit
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India
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Chandler C, Porcincula DH, Ford MJ, Kolibaba TJ, Fein-Ashley B, Brodsky J, Killgore JP, Sellinger A. Influence of fluorescent dopants on the vat photopolymerization of acrylate-based plastic scintillators for application in neutron/gamma pulse shape discrimination. ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING 2023; 73:10.1016/j.addma.2023.103688. [PMID: 37719134 PMCID: PMC10502904 DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2023.103688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Plastic scintillators, a class of solid-state materials used for radiation detection, were additively manufactured with vat photopolymerization. The photopolymer resins consisted of a primary dopant and a secondary dopant dissolved in a bisphenol A ethoxylate diacrylate-based matrix. The absorptive dopants significantly influence important print parameters, for example, secondary dopants decrease the light penetration depth by a factor > 12 ×. The primary dopant 2,5-diphenyloxazole had minimal impact on the printing process even when loaded at 25 % by mass of the resin. Working curve measurements, which relate energy dose to cure depth, were performed as a function of feature size to further assess the influence of dopants. Photopatterns smaller than 150 μm width had apparent increases in critical energy dose compared to larger photopatterns, while all resins maintained printed features in line gratings with 50 μm of separation. Printed scintillator monoliths were compared to scintillators cast by traditional molding, demonstrating that the layer-by-layer printing process does not decrease scintillation response. A maximum light output of 31 % of a benchmark plastic scintillator (EJ-200) and successful pulse shape discrimination were achieved with 20 % by mass 2,5-diphenyloxazole as the primary dopant and 0.1 % by mass 9,9-dimethyl-2,7-distyrylfluorene as the secondary dopant in printed scintillator samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Chandler
- Colorado School of Mines, Department of Chemistry, 1500 Illinois St., Golden, CO 80401, United States of America
| | - Dominique H. Porcincula
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Ford
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550, United States of America
| | - Thomas J. Kolibaba
- Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Fein-Ashley
- Colorado School of Mines, Department of Chemistry, 1500 Illinois St., Golden, CO 80401, United States of America
| | - Jason Brodsky
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94550, United States of America
| | - Jason P. Killgore
- Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, United States of America
| | - Alan Sellinger
- Colorado School of Mines, Department of Chemistry, 1500 Illinois St., Golden, CO 80401, United States of America
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43
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Merotto E, Pavan PG, Piccoli M. Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of Naturally Derived Hydrogels for the Production of Biomimetic Living Tissues: Benefits and Challenges. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1742. [PMID: 37371837 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional bioprinting is the process of manipulating cell-laden bioinks to fabricate living structures. Three-dimensional bioprinting techniques have brought considerable innovation in biomedicine, especially in the field of tissue engineering, allowing the production of 3D organ and tissue models for in vivo transplantation purposes or for in-depth and precise in vitro analyses. Naturally derived hydrogels, especially those obtained from the decellularization of biological tissues, are promising bioinks for 3D printing purposes, as they present the best biocompatibility characteristics. Despite this, many natural hydrogels do not possess the necessary mechanical properties to allow a simple and immediate application in the 3D printing process. In this review, we focus on the bioactive and mechanical characteristics that natural hydrogels may possess to allow efficient production of organs and tissues for biomedical applications, emphasizing the reinforcement techniques to improve their biomechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Merotto
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Corso Statu Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Gradenigo 6a, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Piero G Pavan
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Corso Statu Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Gradenigo 6a, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Piccoli
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Corso Statu Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy
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Godoy-Gallardo M, Merino-Gómez M, Mateos-Timoneda MA, Eckhard U, Gil FJ, Perez RA. Advanced Binary Guanosine and Guanosine 5'-Monophosphate Cell-Laden Hydrogels for Soft Tissue Reconstruction by 3D Bioprinting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37319328 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soft tissue defects or pathologies frequently necessitate the use of biomaterials that provide the volume required for subsequent vascularization and tissue formation as autrografts are not always a feasible alternative. Supramolecular hydrogels represent promising candidates because of their 3D structure, which resembles the native extracellular matrix, and their capacity to entrap and sustain living cells. Guanosine-based hydrogels have emerged as prime candidates in recent years since the nucleoside self-assembles into well-ordered structures like G-quadruplexes by coordinating K+ ions and π-π stacking, ultimately forming an extensive nanofibrillar network. However, such compositions were frequently inappropriate for 3D printing due to material spreading and low shape stability over time. Thus, the present work aimed to develop a binary cell-laden hydrogel capable of ensuring cell survival while providing enough stability to ensure scaffold biointegration during soft tissue reconstruction. For that purpose, a binary hydrogel made of guanosine and guanosine 5'-monophosphate was optimized, rat mesenchymal stem cells were entrapped, and the composition was bioprinted. To further increase stability, the printed structure was coated with hyperbranched polyethylenimine. Scanning electron microscopic studies demonstrated an extensive nanofibrillar network, indicating excellent G-quadruplex formation, and rheological analysis confirmed good printing and thixotropic qualities. Additionally, diffusion tests using fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled-dextran (70, 500, and 2000 kDa) showed that nutrients of various molecular weights may diffuse through the hydrogel scaffold. Finally, cells were evenly distributed throughout the printed scaffold, cell survival was 85% after 21 days, and lipid droplet formation was observed after 7 days under adipogenic conditions, indicating successful differentiation and proper cell functioning. To conclude, such hydrogels may enable the 3D bioprinting of customized scaffolds perfectly matching the respective soft tissue defect, thereby potentially improving the outcome of the tissue reconstruction intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Godoy-Gallardo
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain
| | - Maria Merino-Gómez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain
| | - Miguel A Mateos-Timoneda
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain
| | - Ulrich Eckhard
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB), Higher Scientific Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - F Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain
| | - Roman A Perez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain
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Zou S, Ye J, Wei Y, Xu J. Characterization of 3D-Bioprinted In Vitro Lung Cancer Models Using RNA-Sequencing Techniques. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:667. [PMID: 37370598 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10060667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To construct an in vitro lung cancer model using 3D bioprinting and evaluate the feasibility of the model. Transcriptome sequencing was used to compare the differential genes and functions of 2D and 3D lung cancer cells. METHODS 1. A549 cells were mixed with sodium alginate/gelatine/fibrinogen as 3D-printed biological ink to construct a hydrogel scaffold for the in vitro model of lung cancer; 2. A hydrogel scaffold was printed using a extrusion 3D bioprinter; 3. The printed lung cancer model was evaluated in vitro; and 4. A549 cells cultured in 2D and 3D tumour models in vitro were collected, and RNA-seq conducted bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS 1. The in vitro lung cancer model printed using 3D-bioprinting technology was a porous microstructure model, suitable for the survival of A549 cells. Compared with the 2D cell-line model, the 3D model is closer to the fundamental human growth environment; 2. There was no significant difference in cell survival rate between the 2D and 3D groups; 3. In the cell proliferation rate measurement, it was found that the cells in the 2D group had a speedy growth rate in the first five days, but after five days, the growth rate slowed down. Cell proliferation showed a declining process after the ninth day of cell culture. However, cells in the 3D group showed a slow growth process at the beginning, and the growth rate reached a peak on the 12th day. Then, the growth rate showed a downward trend; and 4. RNA-seq compared A549 cells from 2D and 3D lung cancer models. A total of 3112 genes were differentially expressed, including 1189 up-regulated and 1923 down-regulated genes, with p-value ≤ 0.05 and |Log2Ratio| ≥ 1 as screening conditions. After functional enrichment analysis of differential genes, these differential genes affect the biological regulation of A549 cells, thus promoting lung cancer progression. CONCLUSION This study uses 3D-bioprinting technology to construct a tumour model of lung cancer that can grow sustainably in vitro. Three-dimensional bioprinting may provide a new research platform for studying the lung cancer TME mechanism and anticancer drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330030, China
| | - Jiayue Ye
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330030, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330030, China
| | - Jianjun Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330030, China
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Mau R, Eickner T, Jüttner G, Gao Z, Wei C, Fiedler N, Senz V, Lenarz T, Grabow N, Scheper V, Seitz H. Micro Injection Molding of Drug-Loaded Round Window Niche Implants for an Animal Model Using 3D-Printed Molds. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1584. [PMID: 37376033 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel approach for the long-term medical treatment of the inner ear is the diffusion of drugs through the round window membrane from a patient-individualized, drug-eluting implant, which is inserted in the middle ear. In this study, drug-loaded (10 wt% Dexamethasone) guinea pig round window niche implants (GP-RNIs, ~1.30 mm × 0.95 mm × 0.60 mm) were manufactured with high precision via micro injection molding (µIM, Tmold = 160 °C, crosslinking time of 120 s). Each implant has a handle (~3.00 mm × 1.00 mm × 0.30 mm) that can be used to hold the implant. A medical-grade silicone elastomer was used as implant material. Molds for µIM were 3D printed from a commercially available resin (TG = 84 °C) via a high-resolution DLP process (xy resolution of 32 µm, z resolution of 10 µm, 3D printing time of about 6 h). Drug release, biocompatibility, and bioefficacy of the GP-RNIs were investigated in vitro. GP-RNIs could be successfully produced. The wear of the molds due to thermal stress was observed. However, the molds are suitable for single use in the µIM process. About 10% of the drug load (8.2 ± 0.6 µg) was released after 6 weeks (medium: isotonic saline). The implants showed high biocompatibility over 28 days (lowest cell viability ~80%). Moreover, we found anti-inflammatory effects over 28 days in a TNF-α-reduction test. These results are promising for the development of long-term drug-releasing implants for human inner ear therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Mau
- Microfluidics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Eickner
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Gábor Jüttner
- Kunststoff-Zentrum in Leipzig gGmbH (KUZ), Erich-Zeigner-Allee 44, 04229 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ziwen Gao
- Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Chunjiang Wei
- Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicklas Fiedler
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Volkmar Senz
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Thomas Lenarz
- Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Niels Grabow
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Rostock, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4, 18119 Rostock, Germany
- Department Life, Light & Matter, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Verena Scheper
- Lower Saxony Center for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hermann Seitz
- Microfluidics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Department Life, Light & Matter, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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47
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Liu C, Tong YW. Interfacial Polyelectrolyte Complexation-Inspired Bioprinting of Vascular Constructs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:20712-20725. [PMID: 37071430 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Bioprinting is a precise layer-by-layer manufacturing technology utilizing biomaterials, cells, and sometimes growth factors for the fabrication of customized three-dimensional (3D) biological constructs. In recent years, it has gained considerable interest in various biomedical studies. However, the translational application of bioprinting is currently impeded by the lack in efficient techniques for blood vessel fabrications. In this report, by systematically studying the previously reported phenomenon, interfacial polyelectrolyte complexation, an efficient blood vessel bioprinting technique based on the phenomenon, was proposed and subsequently investigated. In this technique, anionic hyaluronate and cationic lysine-based peptide amphiphiles were placed concentrically to bioprint with human umbilical endothelial cells for the fabrication of biological tubular constructs. These constructs demonstrated clear vascular features, which made them highly resemble blood vessels. In addition, to optimize the bioactivity of the printed constructs, this report also, for the first time, studied peptide sequencing's effect on the biocompatibility of the polyelectrolyte-peptide amphiphile complex. All these studies conducted in the report are highly relevant and interesting for research in vascular structure fabrication, which will eventually be beneficial for translational application development of bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chixuan Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585
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48
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Arif ZU, Khalid MY, Noroozi R, Hossain M, Shi HH, Tariq A, Ramakrishna S, Umer R. Additive manufacturing of sustainable biomaterials for biomedical applications. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100812. [PMID: 37274921 PMCID: PMC10238852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopolymers are promising environmentally benign materials applicable in multifarious applications. They are especially favorable in implantable biomedical devices thanks to their excellent unique properties, including bioactivity, renewability, bioresorbability, biocompatibility, biodegradability and hydrophilicity. Additive manufacturing (AM) is a flexible and intricate manufacturing technology, which is widely used to fabricate biopolymer-based customized products and structures for advanced healthcare systems. Three-dimensional (3D) printing of these sustainable materials is applied in functional clinical settings including wound dressing, drug delivery systems, medical implants and tissue engineering. The present review highlights recent advancements in different types of biopolymers, such as proteins and polysaccharides, which are employed to develop different biomedical products by using extrusion, vat polymerization, laser and inkjet 3D printing techniques in addition to normal bioprinting and four-dimensional (4D) bioprinting techniques. This review also incorporates the influence of nanoparticles on the biological and mechanical performances of 3D-printed tissue scaffolds. This work also addresses current challenges as well as future developments of environmentally friendly polymeric materials manufactured through the AM techniques. Ideally, there is a need for more focused research on the adequate blending of these biodegradable biopolymers for achieving useful results in targeted biomedical areas. We envision that biopolymer-based 3D-printed composites have the potential to revolutionize the biomedical sector in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zia Ullah Arif
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Management & Technology Lahore, Sialkot Campus 51041, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Khalid
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reza Noroozi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mokarram Hossain
- Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering (ZCCE), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK
| | - HaoTian Harvey Shi
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Western University, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Ali Tariq
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Management & Technology Lahore, Sialkot Campus 51041, Pakistan
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Rehan Umer
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
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Liu Q, Yang J, Wang Y, Wu T, Liang Y, Deng K, Luan G, Chen Y, Huang Z, Yue K. Direct 3D Bioprinting of Tough and Antifatigue Cell-Laden Constructs Enabled by a Self-Healing Hydrogel Bioink. Biomacromolecules 2023. [PMID: 37115848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) extrusion bioprinting has emerged as one of the most promising biofabrication technologies for preparing biomimetic tissue-like constructs. The successful construction of cell-laden constructs majorly relies on the development of proper bioinks with excellent printability and cytocompatibility. Bioinks based on gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) have been widely explored due to the excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability and the presence of the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) sequences for cell adhesion. However, such bioinks usually require low-temperature or ionic cross-linking systems to solidify the extruded hydrogel structures, which results in complex processes and limitations to certain applications. Moreover, many current hydrogel-based bioinks, even after chemical cross-linking, hardly possess the required strength to resist the mechanical loads during the implantation procedure. Herein, we report a self-healing hydrogel bioink based on GelMA and oxidized dextran (OD) for the direct printing of tough and fatigue-resistant cell-laden constructs at room temperature without any template or cross-linking agents. Enabled by dynamic Schiff base chemistry, the mixed GelMA/OD solution showed the characteristics of a dynamic hydrogel with shear-thinning and self-supporting behavior, which allows bridging the 5 mm gap and efficient direct bioprinting of complex constructs with high shape fidelity. After photo-cross-linking, the resulting tissue constructs exhibited excellent low cell damage, high cell viability, and enhanced mechanical strength. Moreover, the GelMA/OD construct could resist up to 95% compressive deformation without any breakage and was able to maintain 80% of the original Young's modulus during long-term loading (50 cycles). It is believed that our GelMA/OD bioink would expand the potential of GelMA-based bioinks in applications such as tissue engineering and pharmaceutical screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jingzhou Yang
- Shenzhen Dazhou Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Tianhao Wu
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuting Liang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Keqi Deng
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guifang Luan
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yutong Chen
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhenkai Huang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- School of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Kan Yue
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Shenzhen Dazhou Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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50
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Kim J. Characterization of Biocompatibility of Functional Bioinks for 3D Bioprinting. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10040457. [PMID: 37106644 PMCID: PMC10135811 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10040457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting with suitable bioinks has become a critical tool for fabricating 3D biomimetic complex structures mimicking physiological functions. While enormous efforts have been devoted to developing functional bioinks for 3D bioprinting, widely accepted bioinks have not yet been developed because they have to fulfill stringent requirements such as biocompatibility and printability simultaneously. To further advance our knowledge of the biocompatibility of bioinks, this review presents the evolving concept of the biocompatibility of bioinks and standardization efforts for biocompatibility characterization. This work also briefly reviews recent methodological advances in image analyses to characterize the biocompatibility of bioinks with regard to cell viability and cell-material interactions within 3D constructs. Finally, this review highlights a number of updated contemporary characterization technologies and future perspectives to further advance our understanding of the biocompatibility of functional bioinks for successful 3D bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinku Kim
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
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