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Möller C, Virzi J, Chang YJ, Keidel A, Chao MR, Hu CW, Cooke MS. DNA modifications: Biomarkers for the exposome? ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 108:104449. [PMID: 38636743 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The concept of the exposome is the encompassing of all the environmental exposures, both exogenous and endogenous, across the life course. Many, if not all, of these exposures can result in the generation of reactive species, and/or the modulation of cellular processes, that can lead to a breadth of modifications of DNA, the nature of which may be used to infer their origin. Because of their role in cell function, such modifications have been associated with various major human diseases, including cancer, and so their assessment is crucial. Historically, most methods have been able to only measure one or a few DNA modifications at a time, limiting the information available. With the development of DNA adductomics, which aims to determine the totality of DNA modifications, a far more comprehensive picture of the DNA adduct burden can be gained. Importantly, DNA adductomics can facilitate a "top-down" investigative approach whereby patterns of adducts may be used to trace and identify the originating exposure source. This, together with other 'omic approaches, represents a major tool for unraveling the complexities of the exposome and hence allow a better a understanding of the environmental origins of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Möller
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Jazmine Virzi
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Yuan-Jhe Chang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Alexandra Keidel
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Mu-Rong Chao
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Wen Hu
- Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Marcus S Cooke
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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2
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zheng H, Wei J. Increased mortality risk from airborne exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134714. [PMID: 38820754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential health effects of airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) among general population remained extensively unstudied. This study sought to investigate the association of short-term exposure to low-level total and 7 carcinogenic PAHs with mortality risk. METHODS We conducted an individual-level time-stratified case-crossover study in Jiangsu province of eastern China, by investigating over 2 million death cases during 2016-2019. Daily concentrations of total PAH and its 7 carcinogenic species including benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), chrysene (Chr), dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DahA), and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (IcdP), predicted by well-validated spatiotemporal models, were assigned to death cases according to their residential addresses. We estimated mortality risk associated with short-term exposure to increase of an interquartile range (IQR) for aforementioned PAHs using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS An IQR increase (16.9 ng/m3) in 2-day (the current and prior day) moving average of total PAH concentration was associated with risk increases of 1.90% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.71-2.09) in all-cause mortality, 1.90% (95% CI: 1.70-2.10) in nonaccidental mortality, 2.01% (95% CI: 1.72-2.29) in circulatory mortality, and 2.53% (95% CI: 2.03-3.02) in respiratory mortality. Risk increases of cause-specific mortality ranged between 1.42-1.90% for BaA (IQR: 1.6 ng/m3), 1.94-2.53% for BaP (IQR: 1.6 ng/m3), 2.45-3.16% for BbF (IQR: 2.8 ng/m3), 2.80-3.65% for BkF (IQR: 1.0 ng/m3), 1.36-1.77% for Chr (IQR: 1.8 ng/m3), 0.77-1.24% for DahA (IQR: 0.8 ng/m3), and 2.96-3.85% for IcdP (IQR: 1.7 ng/m3). CONCLUSIONS This study provided suggested evidence for heightened mortality risk in relation to short-term exposure to airborne PAHs in general population. Our findings suggest that airborne PAHs may pose a potential threat to public health, emphasizing the need of more population-based evidence to enhance the understanding of health risk under the low-dose exposure scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunquan Zhang
- Institute of Social Development and Health Management, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Institute of Social Development and Health Management, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Environmental Health, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States.
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Kumar B, Verma VK, Kumar S. Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in India: geographical distribution, sources and associated health risk-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:186. [PMID: 38695998 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01969-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and associated human health risks have been studied in India. However, a comprehensive overview is not available in India, this review highlights the possible sources, and associated cancer risks in people living in different zones of India. Different databases were searched for the scientific literature on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air in India. Database searches have revealed a total of 55 studies conducted at 139 locations in India in the last 14 years between 1996 and 2018. Based on varying climatic conditions in India, the available data was analysed and distributed with four zone including north, east, west/central and south zones. Comparatively higher concentrations were reported for locations in north zone, than east, west/central and south zones. The average concentrations of ∑PAHs is lower in east zone, and concentrations in north, west/central and south zones are higher by 1.67, 1.47, and 1.12 folds respectively than those in east zone. Certain molecular diagnostic ratios and correlation receptor models were used for identification of possible sources, which aided to the conclusion that both pyrogenic and petrogenic activities are the mixed sources of PAH emissions to the Indian environment. Benzo(a)pyrene toxicity equivalency for different zones is estimated and presented. Estimated Chronic daily intake (CDI) due to inhalation of PAHs and subsequently, cancer risk (CR) is found to be ranging from extremely low to low in various geographical zones of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupander Kumar
- Central Pollution Control Board, East Arjun Nagar, Delhi, 110032, India.
| | | | - Sanjay Kumar
- Central Pollution Control Board, East Arjun Nagar, Delhi, 110032, India
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Xiao Y, Liu C, Fu Y, Zhong G, Guan X, Li W, Wang C, Hong S, Fu M, Zhou Y, You Y, Wu T, Zhang X, He M, Li Y, Guo H. Mediation of association between benzo[a]pyrene exposure and lung cancer risk by plasma microRNAs: A Chinese case-control study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:115980. [PMID: 38262095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.115980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have reported the positive relationship of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) exposure with the risk of lung cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying the relationship is still unclear. Plasma microRNA (miRNA) is a typical epigenetic biomarker that was linked to environment exposure and lung cancer development. We aimed to reveal the mediation effect of plasma miRNAs on BaP-related lung cancer. We designed a lung cancer case-control study including 136 lung cancer patients and 136 controls, and measured the adducts of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide-albumin (BPDE-Alb) and sequenced miRNA profiles in plasma. The relationships between BPDE-Alb adducts, normalized miRNA levels and the risk of lung cancer were assessed by linear regression models. The mediation effects of miRNAs on BaP-related lung cancer were investigated. A total of 190 plasma miRNAs were significantly related to lung cancer status at Bonferroni adjusted P < 0.05, among which 57 miRNAs showed different levels with |fold change| > 2 between plasma samples before and after tumor resection surgery at Bonferroni adjusted P < 0.05. Especially, among the 57 lung cancer-associated miRNAs, BPDE-Alb adducts were significantly related to miR-17-3p, miR-20a-3p, miR-135a-5p, miR-374a-5p, miR-374b-5p, miR-423-5p and miR-664a-5p, which could in turn mediate a separate 42.2%, 33.0%, 57.5%, 36.4%, 48.8%, 32.5% and 38.2% of the relationship of BPDE-Alb adducts with the risk of lung cancer. Our results provide non-invasion biomarker candidates for lung cancer, and highlight miRNAs dysregulation as a potential intermediate mechanism by which BaP exposure lead to lung tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenliang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ye Fu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guorong Zhong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wending Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenming Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiru Hong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Fu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingqian You
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianhao Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangkai Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Wohlfahrt J, Verma N, Alsaleh R, Kersch C, Schmitz-Spanke S. A pilot study exploring time- and dose-dependent DNA damage and chromosomal instability caused by benzo[a]pyrene in two urothelial cell types. Mutat Res 2024; 828:111855. [PMID: 38569440 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2024.111855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is associated with adverse health effects in humans. Uncertainty exists regarding the causation of urinary bladder cancer by benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) due to a lack of sufficient data. In this work, we focused on in-vitro DNA damage and the formation of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations as predictors of cancer risk, applying a wide range of dosages and time periods to quantify the onset, intensity, and duration of the response. We chose two urothelial cell types to compare susceptibility and the ability to increase the malignity of a pre-existing bladder cancer: a cancer cell line (T24) and a pooled sample of primary urinary bladder epithelia cells (PUBEC) from pigs. The highest level of DNA damage assessed by comet assay was observed following 24-h treatment in both cell types, whereas PUBEC cells were clearly more susceptible. Even 4-h treatment induced DNA damage in PUBEC cells with benchmark doses of 0.0027 µM B[a]P and 0.00023 µM after 4-h and 24-h exposure, respectively. Nearly no effect was observed for periods of 48 h. The frequency of micronucleus formation increased more markedly in T24 cells, particularly with 24-h treatment. In PUBEC cells, 48-h exposure notably induced the formation of nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds. Even though only one biological replicate was studied due to the sophisticated study design, our results give a strong indication of the potential of B[a]P to induce and increase malignity in human-relevant cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Wohlfahrt
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Nisha Verma
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Rasha Alsaleh
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Christian Kersch
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Simone Schmitz-Spanke
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr. 9-11, Erlangen 91054, Germany.
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6
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Wei Y, Guo X, Li L, Xue W, Wang L, Chen C, Sun S, Yang Y, Yao W, Wang W, Zhao J, Duan X. The role of N6-methyladenosine methylation in PAHs-induced cancers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:118078-118101. [PMID: 37924411 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30710-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are a wide range of environmental toxicants, may act on humans through inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact, resulting in a range of toxic reactions. Epidemiological studies showed that long-term exposure to PAHs in the occupational and living environment results in a substantial rise in the incidence rate of many cancers in the population, so the prevention and treatment of these diseases have become a major worldwide public health problem. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification greatly affects the metabolism of RNA and is implicated in the etiopathogenesis of many kinds of diseases. In addition, m6A-binding proteins have an important role in disease development. The abnormal expression of these can cause the malignant proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis of cancers. Furthermore, a growing number of studies revealed that environmental toxicants are one of the cancer risk factors and are related to m6A modifications. Exposure to environmental toxicants can alter the methylation level of m6A and the expression of the m6A-binding protein, thus promoting the occurrence and development of cancers through diverse mechanisms. m6A may serve as a biomarker for early environmental exposure. Through the study of m6A, we can find the health injury early, thus providing a new sight for preventing and curing environmental health-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaona Guo
- Medical School, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Wenhua Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Longhao Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chengxin Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shilong Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yaqi Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoran Duan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Internet Medical Systems and Applications, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
- Medical School, Huanghe Science and Technology University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Peng B, Dong Q, Li F, Wang T, Qiu X, Zhu T. A Systematic Review of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives: Occurrences, Levels, Biotransformation, Exposure Biomarkers, and Toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:15314-15335. [PMID: 37703436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) derivatives constitute a significant class of emerging contaminants that have been ubiquitously detected in diverse environmental matrixes, with some even exhibiting higher toxicities than their corresponding parent PAHs. To date, compared with parent PAHs, fewer systematic summaries and reanalyses are available for PAH derivatives with great environmental concerns. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the chemical species, levels, biotransformation patterns, chemical analytical methods, internal exposure routes with representative biomarkers, and toxicity of PAH derivatives, primarily focusing on nitrated PAHs (NPAHs), oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs), halogenated PAHs (XPAHs), and alkylated PAHs (APAHs). A collection of 188 compounds from four categories, 44 NPAHs, 36 OPAHs, 56 APAHs, and 52 XPAHs, has been compiled from 114 studies that documented the environmental presence of PAH derivatives. These compounds exhibited weighted average air concentrations that varied from a lower limit of 0.019 pg/m3 to a higher threshold of 4060 pg/m3. Different analytical methods utilizing comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOF-MS), gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS), comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC × GC-QQQ-MS), and Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), that adopted untargeted strategies for the identification of PAH derivatives are also reviewed here. Additionally, an in-depth analysis of biotransformation patterns for each category is provided, including the likelihood of specific biotransformation reaction types. For the toxicity, we primarily summarized key metabolic activation pathways, which could result in the formation of reactive metabolites capable of covalently bonding with DNA and tissue proteins, and potential health outcomes such as carcinogenicity and genotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation and immunotoxicity, and developmental toxicity that might be mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Finally, we pinpoint research challenges and emphasize the need for further studies on identifying PAH derivatives, tracking external exposure levels, evaluating internal exposure levels and associated toxicity, clarifying exposure routes, and considering mixture exposure effects. This review aims to provide a broad understanding of PAH derivatives' identification, environmental occurrence, human exposure, biotransformation, and toxicity, offering a valuable reference for guiding future research in this underexplored area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- SKL-ESPC and College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qianli Dong
- SKL-ESPC and College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fangzhou Li
- SKL-ESPC and College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Teng Wang
- SKL-ESPC and College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- SKL-ESPC and College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- SKL-ESPC and College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Shala NK, Stenehjem JS, Babigumira R, Liu FC, Berge LAM, Silverman DT, Friesen MC, Rothman N, Lan Q, Hosgood HD, Samuelsen SO, Bråtveit M, Kirkeleit J, Andreassen BK, Veierød MB, Grimsrud TK. Exposure to benzene and other hydrocarbons and risk of bladder cancer among male offshore petroleum workers. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:838-851. [PMID: 37464024 PMCID: PMC10449774 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02357-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational exposures constitute the second leading cause of urinary bladder cancer after tobacco smoking. Increased risks have been found in the petroleum industry, but high-quality exposure data are needed to explain these observations. METHODS Using a prospective case-cohort design, we analysed 189 bladder cancer cases (1999-2017) and 2065 randomly drawn non-cases from the Norwegian Offshore Petroleum Workers cohort. Cases were identified in the Cancer Registry of Norway, while work histories (1965-1998) and lifestyle factors were recorded by questionnaire at baseline (1998). Occupational petroleum-related hydrocarbon exposures were assessed by expert-developed job-exposure matrices. Hazard ratios were estimated by weighted Cox-regressions, adjusted for age, tobacco smoking, education, and year of first employment, and with lagged exposures. RESULTS Increased risks were found in benzene-exposed workers, either long-term exposure (≥18.8 years, HR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.14-3.13; p-trend = 0.044) or high-level cumulative benzene exposure (HR = 1.60, 95% CI: 0.97-2.63; p-trend = 0.065), compared with the unexposed. Associations persisted with 20-year exposure lag. No associations were found with skin or inhalation exposure to crude oil, mineral oil (lubrication, hydraulics, turbines, drilling), or diesel exhaust. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that exposures in the benzene fraction of the petroleum stream may be associated with increased bladder cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nita K Shala
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway.
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jo S Stenehjem
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ronnie Babigumira
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fei-Chih Liu
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Leon A M Berge
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Debra T Silverman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Melissa C Friesen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - H Dean Hosgood
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Magne Bråtveit
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jorunn Kirkeleit
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Marit B Veierød
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom K Grimsrud
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
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Huang X, Li Z, Zhang T, Zhu J, Wang X, Nie M, Harada K, Zhang J, Zou X. Research progress in human biological monitoring of aromatic hydrocarbon with emphasis on the analytical technology of biomarkers. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 257:114917. [PMID: 37094484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic hydrocarbons are unsaturated compounds containing carbon and hydrogen that form single aromatic ring, or double, triple, or multiple fused rings. This review focuses on the research progress of aromatic hydrocarbons represented by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (including halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), benzene and its derivatives including toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes (o-, m- and p-), styrene, nitrobenzene, and aniline. Due to the toxicity, widespread coexistence, and persistence of aromatic hydrocarbons in the environment, accurate assessment of exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons is essential to protect human health. The effects of aromatic hydrocarbons on human health are mainly derived from three aspects: different routes of exposure, the duration and relative toxicity of aromatic hydrocarbons, and the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons which should be below the biological exposure limit. Therefore, this review discusses the primary exposure routes, toxic effects on humans, and key populations, in particular. This review briefly summarizes the different biomarker indicators of main aromatic hydrocarbons in urine, since most aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites are excreted via urine, which is more feasible, convenient, and non-invasive. In this review, the pretreatment and analytical techniques are compiled systematically for the qualitative and quantitative assessments of aromatic hydrocarbons metabolites such as gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography with multiple detectors. This review aims to identify and monitor the co-exposure of aromatic hydrocarbons that provides a basis for the formulation of corresponding health risk control measures and guide the adjustment of the exposure dose of pollutants to the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Huang
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhuoya Li
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tianai Zhang
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Manqing Nie
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kouji Harada
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xiaoli Zou
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Kim DI, Song MK, Yuk JE, Seo HJ, Lee K. Establishment of an artificial particulate matter-induced lung disease model through analyzing pathological changes and transcriptomic profiles in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5955. [PMID: 37045933 PMCID: PMC10097713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29919-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM), an environmental risk factor, is linked with health risks such as respiratory diseases. This study aimed to establish an animal model of PM-induced lung injury with artificial PM (APM) and identify the potential of APM for toxicological research. APM was generated from graphite at 600 °C and combined with ethylene. We analyzed diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) and APM compositions and compared toxicity and transcriptomic profiling in lungs according to the exposure. For the animal study, C57BL/6 male mice were intratracheally administered vehicle, DEP, or APM. DEP or APM increased relative lung weight, inflammatory cell numbers, and inflammatory protein levels compared with the vehicle control. Histological assessments showed an increase in particle-pigment alveolar macrophages and slight inflammation in the lungs of DEP and APM mice. In the only APM group, granulomatous inflammation, pulmonary fibrosis, and mucous hyperplasia were observed in the lungs of some individuals. This is the first study to compare pulmonary toxicity between DEP and APM in an animal model. Our results suggest that the APM-treated animal model may contribute to understanding the harmful effects of PM in toxicological studies showing that APM can induce various lung diseases according to different doses of APM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Im Kim
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baekhak1-Gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-Do, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Song
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baekhak1-Gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-Do, 56212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Yuk
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baekhak1-Gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-Do, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Seo
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baekhak1-Gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-Do, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuhong Lee
- Jeonbuk Department of Inhalation Research, Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baekhak1-Gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-Do, 56212, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Pan Q, Liu QY, Zheng J, Li YH, Xiang S, Sun XJ, He XS. Volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds in landfill gas: Composition characteristics and health risks. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 174:107886. [PMID: 36989764 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Gas emitted from landfills contains a large quantity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), some of which are carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic, thereby posing a serious threat to the health of landfill workers and nearby residents. However, the global hazards of VOCs and SVOCs in landfill gas to human health remain unclear. To quantify the global risk distributions of these pollutants, we collected the composition and concentration data of VOCs and SVOCs from 72 landfills in 20 countries from the core database of Web of Science and assessed their human health risks as well as analyzed their influencing factors. Organic compounds in landfill gas were found to primarily result from the biodegradation of natural organic waste or the emissions and volatilization of chemical products, with the concentration range of 1 × 10-1-1 × 106 μg/m3. The respiratory system, in particular, lung was the major target organ of VOCs and SVOCs, with additional adverse health impacts ranging from headache and allergies to lung cancer. Aromatic and halogenated compounds were the primary sources of health risk, while ethyl acetate and acetone from the biodegradation of natural organic waste also exceeded the acceptable levels for human health. Overall, VOCs and SVOCs affected residents within 1,000 m of landfills. Air temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, wind direction, and wind speed were the major factors that influenced the health risks of VOCs and SVOCs. Currently, landfill risk assessments of VOCs and SVOCs are primarily based on respiratory inhalation, with health risks due to other exposure routes remaining poorly elucidated. In addition, potential health risks due to the transport and transformation of landfill gas emitted into the atmosphere should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Qing-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Song Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiao-Jie Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Xiao-Song He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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12
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Zhang X, Leng S, Qiu M, Ding Y, Zhao L, Ma N, Sun Y, Zheng Z, Wang S, Li Y, Guo X. Chemical fingerprints and implicated cancer risks of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from fine particulate matter deposited in human lungs. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107845. [PMID: 36871324 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to fine particles (PM2.5) and associated PAHs are frequently linked with lung cancer, which makes the understanding of their occurrence and health risk in human lungs urgently important. Using the ultrasonic treatment and sequencing centrifugation (USC) extraction method coupled with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC - MS/MS) analysis, we revealed the molecular fingerprints of PM-accumulated PAHs in human lungs from a cohort of 68 patients with lung cancer in a typical air-polluted region, China. Sixteen priority PAHs can be grouped by concentrations as ∼ 1 × 104 ng/g (ANT/BkF/ACE/DBA/BgP/PHN/PYR), 2-5 × 103 ng/g (BaP/FLE/NaP/BbF), and ∼ 1 × 103 ng/g (IND/Acy/CHR/FLT/BaA). The sum concentration of 16 PAHs was approximately equaled to 13% of those in atmospheric PM2.5, suggesting significant pulmonary leaching of PAHs deposited in lungs. Low- and high-molecular weight PAHs accounted for ∼ 41.8% and ∼ 45.1% of the total PAHs, respectively, which indicated that atmospheric PM2.5, tobacco and cooking smoke were likely to be important sources of pulmonary PAHs. The evident increasing concentrations of NaP and FLE in pulmonary PM were significantly correlated with smoking history among smokers. The implicated carcinogenic potency of PM-accumulated PAHs among the participants aged 70-80 was 17 times that among participants aged 40-50 on the basis of BaP equivalent concentration (BaPeq) evaluation. The particulate enrichment factor (EFP), the PAH content in pulmonary PM relative to the bulk lung tissue, was equaled to 54 ∼ 835 and averaged at 436. The high value of EFP suggested that PAHs were essentially accumulated in pulmonary PM and exhibited a pattern of "hotspot" distribution in the lungs, which would likely increase the risk of monoclonal tumorigenesis. The chemical characteristics of PM-accumulated PAHs in human lungs together with their implicated lung cancer risks could provide significant information for understanding health effects of particulate pollution in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Siwen Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Mantang Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing 100044, China; Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yifan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Na Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zijie Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shaodong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing 100044, China; Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing 100044, China; Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xuejun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China.
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Soltanpour Z, Rasoulzadeh Y, Mohammadian Y. Occupational Exposure to Metal Fumes Among Iranian Welders: Systematic Review and Simulation-Based Health Risk Assessment. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1090-1100. [PMID: 35508890 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There have been numerous reports of welder's worker exposure to metal fumes. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic (neurological, dermal, and etc.) effects are the adverse outcomes of exposure to welding fumes. In this review study, data were collected from previous studies conducted in Iran from 1900 to 2020. The risk of carcinogenicity and non-carcinogenicity due to exposure to welding metal fumes was assessed using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) method based on the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). Results showed mean of metal fume concentration in gas welding was in the range of 1.8248 to 1060.6 (µg/m3) and in arc welding was 54.935 to 4882.72 (µg/m3). The mean concentration of fumes in gas welding is below the recommended American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) standard exposure limit except for manganese, and in the arc welding, all metal fume concentrations are below the standard exposure limit except for manganese and aluminum. The results showed that the risk of carcinogenicity due to exposure to nickel, manganese in both gas and arc welding, and cadmium in gas welding was higher than standard level (hazard quotient (HQ) more than 1). Cancer risk due to exposure to nickel in both gas and arc welding was probable (1 × 10-6 < cancer risk (CR) < 1 × 10-4). Health risk assessment showed that welders are exposed to health risks. Preventive measures should be applied in welding workplaces to reduce the concentrations of metal fumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Soltanpour
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yahya Rasoulzadeh
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yousef Mohammadian
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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14
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Hoyos-Giraldo LS, Ramos-Angulo JV, Reyes-Carvajal I. [Cancer risk evaluation in individuals occupationally exposed to organic solvents]. Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) 2023; 22:265-279. [PMID: 36753151 DOI: 10.15446/rsap.v22n3.80224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the frequency of micronuclei (MNs) and influence of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms as biomarkers of cancer risk in car painters (n=152) compared to unexposed individuals (n=152). METHODS Molecular epidemiology study, cross-sectional analysis of gen and environment interaction. The evaluation of MN and genetic polymorphisms was determined by molecular tests in lymphocytes from subjects involved in the study. RESULTS It was determined that the frequency of MNs is 1.6 higher in the exposed group compared to the reference group (1.39 ± 0.92 versus 0.87 ± 0.78, p<0.0001). There was no increase in the frequency of MNs associated with the polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTT1. CONCLUSIONS The increase of MNs in car painters serves to alert the increased risk of cancer in this population exposed to organic solvents. These results can be used in Occupational Epidemiological Surveillance Programs, as a prevention strategy and policies to regulate and control the use of solvents at a national level and in other countries with a large informal sector of individuals exposed to these chemicals to reduce the risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz S Hoyos-Giraldo
- LH: Bióloga. M. Sc. Salud Ocupacional. Ph. D. Ciencias Biomédicas. Grupo de Investigación en Toxicología Genética y Citogenética. Departamento de Biología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y de la Educación, Universidad del Cauca, Popayán, Colombia.
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15
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Humphreys J, Valdés Hernández MDC. Impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on cognitive function and neurodegeneration in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Neurol 2023; 13:1052333. [PMID: 36703634 PMCID: PMC9871581 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1052333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This article documents an emerging body of evidence concerning the neurological effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure with regard to cognitive function and increased risk of neurodegeneration. Methods Two electronic databases, PubMed and Web of Science, were systematically searched. Results The 37/428 studies selected included outcomes measuring cognitive function, neurobehavioral symptoms of impaired cognition, and pathologies associated with neurodegeneration from pre-natal (21/37 studies), childhood (14/37 studies), and adult (8/37 studies) PAH exposure. Sufficient evidence was found surrounding pre-natal exposure negatively impacting child intelligence, mental development, average overall development, verbal IQ, and memory; externalizing, internalizing, anxious, and depressed behaviors; and behavioral development and child attentiveness. Evidence concerning exposure during childhood and as an adult was scarce and highly heterogeneous; however, the presence of neurodegenerative biomarkers and increased concentrations of cryptic "self" antigens in serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples suggest a higher risk of neurodegenerative disease. Associations with lowered cognitive ability and impaired attentiveness were found in children and memory disturbances, specifically auditory memory, verbal learning, and general memory in adults. Discussion Although evidence is not yet conclusive and further research is needed, the studies included supported the hypothesis that PAH exposure negatively impacts cognitive function and increases the risk of neurodegeneration in humans, and recommends considering the introduction of a variable "rural vs. urban" as covariate for adjusting analyses, where the neurological functions affected (as result of our review) are outcome variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Humphreys
- College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Maria del C. Valdés Hernández
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Maria del C. Valdés Hernández ✉
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SNP-Target Genes Interaction Perturbing the Cancer Risk in the Post-GWAS. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225636. [PMID: 36428729 PMCID: PMC9688512 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer ranks as the second leading cause of death worldwide, and, being a genetic disease, it is highly heritable. Over the past few decades, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many risk-associated loci harboring hundreds of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Some of these cancer-associated SNPs have been revealed as causal, and the functional characterization of the mechanisms underlying the cancer risk association has been illuminated in some instances. In this review, based on the different positions of SNPs and their modes of action, we discuss the mechanisms underlying how SNPs regulate the expression of target genes to consequently affect tumorigenesis and the development of cancer.
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Aslam I, Roeffaers MBJ. Carbonaceous Nanoparticle Air Pollution: Toxicity and Detection in Biological Samples. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12223948. [PMID: 36432235 PMCID: PMC9698098 DOI: 10.3390/nano12223948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Among the different air pollutants, particulate matter (PM) is of great concern due to its abundant presence in the atmosphere, which results in adverse effects on the environment and human health. The different components of PM can be classified based on their physicochemical properties. Carbonaceous particles (CPs) constitute a major fraction of ultrafine PM and have the most harmful effects. Herein, we present a detailed overview of the main components of CPs, e.g., carbon black (CB), black carbon (BC), and brown carbon (BrC), from natural and anthropogenic sources. The emission sources and the adverse effects of CPs on the environment and human health are discussed. Particularly, we provide a detailed overview of the reported toxic effects of CPs in the human body, such as respiratory effects, cardiovascular effects, neurodegenerative effects, carcinogenic effects, etc. In addition, we also discuss the challenges faced by and limitations of the available analytical techniques for the qualitative and quantitative detection of CPs in atmospheric and biological samples. Considering the heterogeneous nature of CPs and biological samples, a detailed overview of different analytical techniques for the detection of CPs in (real-exposure) biological samples is also provided. This review provides useful insights into the classification, toxicity, and detection of CPs in biological samples.
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18
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Olsson A, Guha N, Bouaoun L, Kromhout H, Peters S, Siemiatycki J, Ho V, Gustavsson P, Boffetta P, Vermeulen R, Behrens T, Brüning T, Kendzia B, Guénel P, Luce D, Karrasch S, Wichmann HE, Consonni D, Landi MT, Caporaso NE, Merletti F, Mirabelli D, Richiardi L, Jöckel KH, Ahrens W, Pohlabeln H, Tardón A, Zaridze D, Field JK, Lissowska J, Świątkowska B, McLaughlin JR, Demers PA, Bencko V, Foretova L, Janout V, Pándics T, Fabianova E, Mates D, Forastiere F, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Schüz J, Straif K. Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Lung Cancer Risk: Results from a Pooled Analysis of Case-Control Studies (SYNERGY). Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:1433-1441. [PMID: 35437574 PMCID: PMC9377765 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) occurs widely in occupational settings. We investigated the association between occupational exposure to PAH and lung cancer risk and joint effects with smoking within the SYNERGY project. METHODS We pooled 14 case-control studies with information on lifetime occupational and smoking histories conducted between 1985 and 2010 in Europe and Canada. Exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was used as a proxy of PAH and estimated from a quantitative general population job-exposure matrix. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression models, adjusted for smoking and exposure to other occupational lung carcinogens, estimated ORs, and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS We included 16,901 lung cancer cases and 20,965 frequency-matched controls. Adjusted OR for PAH exposure (ever) was 1.08 (CI, 1.02-1.15) in men and 1.20 (CI, 1.04-1.38) in women. When stratified by smoking status and histologic subtype, the OR for cumulative exposure ≥0.24 BaP μg/m3-years in men was higher in never smokers overall [1.31 (CI, 0.98-1.75)], for small cell [2.53 (CI, 1.28-4.99)] and squamous cell cancers [1.33 (CI, 0.80-2.21)]. Joint effects between PAH and smoking were observed. Restricting analysis to the most recent studies showed no increased risk. CONCLUSIONS Elevated lung cancer risk associated with PAH exposure was observed in both sexes, particularly for small cell and squamous cell cancers, after accounting for cigarette smoking and exposure to other occupational lung carcinogens. IMPACT The lack of association between PAH and lung cancer in more recent studies merits further research under today's exposure conditions and worker protection measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Olsson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Neela Guha
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California
| | - Liacine Bouaoun
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Peters
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jack Siemiatycki
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vikki Ho
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Per Gustavsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Behrens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kendzia
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Center for research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Exposome and Heredity team, Inserm U1018, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Danièle Luce
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Stefan Karrasch
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heinz-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institut für Medizinische Informatik Biometrie Epidemiologie, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dario Consonni
- Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Franco Merletti
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Dario Mirabelli
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Statistics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Hermann Pohlabeln
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Department of Public Health, University of Oviedo. ISPA and CIBERESP, Oviedo, Spain
| | - David Zaridze
- Department of cancer epidemiology and Prevention, N.N. Blokhin National Research Centre of oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - John K Field
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Epidemiology Unit, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Świątkowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, The Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - John R McLaughlin
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul A Demers
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Ontario Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vladimir Bencko
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Vladimir Janout
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | | | - Eleonora Fabianova
- Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
- Faculty of Health, Catholic University, Ružomberok, Slovakia
| | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Former senior scientist, Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Joachim Schüz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Boston College, Massachusetts
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19
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Lee E, Ahn H, Park S, Kim G, Kim H, Noh MG, Kim Y, Yeon JS, Park H. Staphylococcus epidermidis WF2R11 Suppresses PM 2.5-Mediated Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in HaCaT Keratinocytes. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 14:915-933. [PMID: 35727505 PMCID: PMC9474527 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09922-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The skin supports a diverse microbiome whose imbalance is related to skin inflammation and diseases. Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), a major air pollutant, can adversely affect the skin microbiota equilibrium. In this study, the effect and mechanism of PM2.5 exposure in HaCaT keratinocytes were investigated. PM2.5 stimulated the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HaCaT cells, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis. We observed that the culture medium derived from a particular skin microbe, Staphylococcus epidermidis WF2R11, remarkably reduced oxidative stress in HaCaT cells caused by PM2.5-mediated activation of the AhR pathway. Staphylococcus epidermidis WF2R11 also exhibited inhibition of ROS-induced inflammatory cytokine secretion. Herein, we demonstrated that S. epidermidis WF2R11 could act as a suppressor of AhRs, affect cell proliferation, and inhibit apoptosis. Our results highlight the importance of the clinical application of skin microbiome interventions in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eulgi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeok Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinyoung Park
- Genome and Company, Pangyo-ro 253, Bundang-gu, Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihyeon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Giun Noh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Yeon
- Genome and Company, Pangyo-ro 253, Bundang-gu, Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansoo Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea. .,Genome and Company, Pangyo-ro 253, Bundang-gu, Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13486, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Bukowska B, Mokra K, Michałowicz J. Benzo[a]pyrene—Environmental Occurrence, Human Exposure, and Mechanisms of Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116348. [PMID: 35683027 PMCID: PMC9181839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is the main representative of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and has been repeatedly found in the air, surface water, soil, and sediments. It is present in cigarette smoke as well as in food products, especially when smoked and grilled. Human exposure to B[a]P is therefore common. Research shows growing evidence concerning toxic effects induced by this substance. This xenobiotic is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP P450) to carcinogenic metabolite: 7β,8α-dihydroxy-9α,10α-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (BPDE), which creates DNA adducts, causing mutations and malignant transformations. Moreover, B[a]P is epigenotoxic, neurotoxic, and teratogenic, and exhibits pro-oxidative potential and causes impairment of animals’ fertility. CYP P450 is strongly involved in B[a]P metabolism, and it is simultaneously expressed as a result of the association of B[a]P with aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), playing an essential role in the cancerogenic potential of various xenobiotics. In turn, polymorphism of CYP P450 genes determines the sensitivity of the organism to B[a]P. It was also observed that B[a]P facilitates the multiplication of viruses, which may be an additional problem with the widespread COVID-19 pandemic. Based on publications mainly from 2017 to 2022, this paper presents the occurrence of B[a]P in various environmental compartments and human surroundings, shows the exposure of humans to this substance, and describes the mechanisms of its toxicity.
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21
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LeHuray A. A Review of Hazard Classifications of PAH-Containing Substances Illustrates the Need for Quantitative Assessment Methods. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2020.1830812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne LeHuray
- Chemical Management Associates, LLC, Alexandria, Virginia, USA
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22
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Air quality in a hospital dental department. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:1350-1355. [PMID: 35784142 PMCID: PMC9236934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Documented studies demonstrated that particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) are relatively high in dental clinics. However, the PM2.5 composition is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the dental department's air quality in a teaching hospital. Materials and methods The SKC AirChek XR5000 pumps and canister samplers were used to collect PM2.5 and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The PM2.5 composition analysis (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and metals) was conducted, and in the dental clinic and waiting room, the air quality comparison was investigated. Moreover, the dental clinic's air quality was compared before and after air purifier use. Results In the dental clinic and waiting room, the results revealed high PM2.5 concentration exceeding the standard of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (35 μg/m3); the values were 41.08–108.23 μg/m3 and 17.89–62.72 μg/m3, respectively. In both investigated locations, VOCs had no significant difference. Among 16 priority PAHs, the result indicated high level of benzo(b)fluoranthene (B(b)f), benzo(k)fluoranthene (B(k)f), benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)p), and indenopyrene (IP). B(b)f and B(k)f and lead (Pb) concentrations were detected with a significant difference in the clinic as compared to the waiting room. In addition, after air purifier use, the B(b)f concentration in the dental clinic reduced from 0.08 to 0.42 ug/m3 to 0.06–0.18 ug/m3 (P < 0.05). Conclusion For dental practitioners, an appropriated air quality regulation needs to be considered, due to high air pollutant concentration. In addition, using air purifier can efficiently reduce air pollutants.
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23
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Xu Q, Hu L, Chen S, Fu X, Gong P, Huang Z, Miao W, Jin C, Jin Y. Parental exposure 3-methylcholanthrene disturbed the enterohepatic circulation in F1 generation of mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131681. [PMID: 34346331 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
3-methylcholanthrene (3 MC) is an environmental compound belonging to the PAHs and is reportedly thought to be a risk factor for the prevalence of hepatic function disorder. Here, a dose of 0.5 mg/kg of 3 MC was given to 4-week-old male and female mice (F0) in their diet for 6 weeks. After exposure, then the mice were mated between different groups. The first filial (F1) generation offspring of exposed or unexposed parental mice were sacrificed at the age of 5 weeks (F1-5 W), and the potential effects on the F0 and F1 offspring were evaluated. The results showed that the total bile acids (TBAs) in the serum and feces in F0 females and female F1-5 W individuals born from female mice exposed to 3 MC decreased, while the TBAs in the liver increased. The transcriptional levels of major genes participating in synthesis, regulation, transportation and apical uptake was also altered correspondingly. In addition, the transcription of some genes related to inflammation was enhanced in these mice. Further investigation revealed that in addition to distinct changes in the mucus secretion, tight junction proteins and ion transport were induced, and antimicrobial peptides were also disrupted in the intestine of F0 mice and F1-5 W female offspring of maternal mice exposed to 3 MC. Our results suggested that exposure to 3 MC, but not male exposure, had the potential to interfere with BAs metabolism, affecting gut barrier function. Females were more seriously affected than males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihao Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingyu Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyong Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Gong
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zeyao Huang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenyu Miao
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cuiyuan Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, Zhejiang, China.
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24
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Jin L, Griffith SM, Sun Z, Yu JZ, Chan W. On the Flip Side of Mask Wearing: Increased Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds and a Risk-Reducing Solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:14095-14104. [PMID: 34596392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Surgical masks have been worn by the public worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet hazardous chemicals in the petroleum-derived polymer layer of masks are currently ignored and unregulated. These organic compounds pose potential health risks to the mask wearer through dermal contact or inhalation. Here, we show that surgical masks from around the world are loaded with semivolatile and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalate esters, and reactive carbonyls at ng to μg/mask levels. Naphthalene was the most abundant mask-borne PAH, accounting for over 80% of total PAH levels; acrolein, a mutagenic carbonyl, was detected in most of the mask samples, and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, an androgen antagonist, was detected in one-third of the samples. Furthermore, there is large mask-to-mask variability of the residue VOCs, revealing the uneven quality of masks. We confirm that masks containing more residue VOCs lead to significantly higher exposure levels and associated disease risks to the wearer, which should warrant the attention of the general public and regulatory agencies. We find that heating the masks at 50 °C for as short as 60 min lowers the total VOC content by up to 80%, providing a simple method to limit our exposure to mask-borne VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Environment, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Stephen M Griffith
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Zhihan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Environment, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jian Zhen Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Environment, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wan Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Division of Environment, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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25
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Marques M, Maitre A, Choisnard L, Demeilliers C, Persoons R. Simultaneous analysis of PAH urinary mono- and dihydroxylated metabolites by GC-MS-MS following SPE and two-stage derivatization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:6823-6835. [PMID: 34494123 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03638-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A new gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of mono- and dihydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites (OH-PAHs and diol-PAHs) in urine was developed and validated. Various sample preparation procedures were compared, namely liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), dispersive solid-phase extraction (dSPE), and SPE, alone or combined. A novel two-stage derivatization approach using 2 silylation reagents was developed, and an experimental procedure design was used to optimize the programmed temperature vaporization-solvent vent injection (PTV-SV) GC parameters. The method focused on 11 target compounds resulting from four- to five-ring suspected carcinogenic PAHs. SPE was identified as an acceptable and more convenient extraction method for all tested metabolites, with extraction rates ranging from 63 to 86% and relative standard deviations lower than 20%. The two-stage derivatization approach successfully allowed first the derivatization of OH-PAHs by MTBSTFA (N-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide) and then diol-PAHs by BSTFA (N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide) in a single run. The limits of quantification were in the range of 0.01-0.02 μg l-1 for OH-PAHs and 0.02-0.2 μg l-1 for diol-PAHs. The intra- and interday precisions were lower than 10%. The method was applied to determine PAH metabolites in urine collected at the beginning and at the end of the working week from 6 workers involved in aluminum production. The mean diol-PAH levels at the end of the week were 10 to 20 times higher (0.86-2.34 μg g-1 creatinine) than those of OH-PAHs (0.03-0.30 μg g-1). These results confirmed the usefulness of this new analytical technique for detecting and characterizing metabolic patterns of PAHs in urine and assessing carcinogenic occupational exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Marques
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Maitre
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Luc Choisnard
- Département de Pharmachimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 5063, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Christine Demeilliers
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Renaud Persoons
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS Grenoble INP, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC, 38000, Grenoble, France.
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26
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Taghizadeh SF, Azizi M, Rezaee R, Giesy JP, Karimi G. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, and metals in olive: analysis and probabilistic risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:39723-39741. [PMID: 33759105 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13348-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, levels of 22 pesticides, eight metals, and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 1800 Iranian olive samples (20 cultivars from six different cultivation zones), were determined; then, health risk posed by oral consumption of the olive samples to Iranian consumers was assessed. Quantification of PAHs and pesticides was done by chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and metal levels were determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). There were no significant differences among the cultivars and zones in terms of the levels of the tested compounds. Target hazard quotients (THQ) were <1.0 for all pesticides, and total hazard indices (HI) indicated di minimis risk. At the 25th or 95th centiles, Incremental Life Time Cancer Risks (ILCRs) for carcinogenic elements, arsenic, and lead and noncarcinogenic metals did not exhibit a significant hazard (HI <1.0 for both cases). At the 25th or 95th centiles, ILCR and margins of exposure (MoE) for PAHs indicated di minimis risk. Sensitivity analysis showed that concentrations of contaminants had the most significant effect on carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Faezeh Taghizadeh
- Department of Horticultural Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box, 1365-91775, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Azizi
- Department of Horticultural Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
- Department of Zoology and Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box, 1365-91775, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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27
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Golka K, Böthig R, Jungmann O, Forchert M, Zellner ME, Schöps W. [Occupational cancers in urology]. Urologe A 2021; 60:1061-1072. [PMID: 34241641 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-021-01597-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancers can be triggered by occupational causes. In the field of urology, bladder cancer is by far the most frequent occupationally induced tumor disease. Causes are particularly carcinogenic aromatic amines and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The frequency of this disease has shifted over the last decades from the classical hazard in the chemical industry to the users. Among a variety of hazardous occupations, hairdressers and painters are the best known. Rarely, renal cell carcinoma can be triggered by high trichloroethylene exposure and mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis by asbestos. If a disease that can be caused by occupational activities has been confirmed (e.g. urinary bladder cancer), the risk factors must be recorded by a complete occupational history from the first employment on in order to be able to report a suspected occupational disease. In addition, spinal cord injury due to occupational and commuting accidents can lead to urinary bladder cancer over the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Golka
- Leibniz-Institut für Arbeitsforschung an der TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Deutschland.
| | - Ralf Böthig
- Abteilung Neuro-Urologie, BG Klinikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Olaf Jungmann
- Urologische Klinik Lindenthal, Malteser Krankenhaus St. Hildegardis, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Martin Forchert
- Stabsstelle UV-Recht, Berufsgenossenschaft Holz und Metall, Bielefeld, Deutschland
| | - Micha El Zellner
- Abteilung Urologie und Neurourologie, Johannesbad Fachklinik, Bad Füssing, Deutschland
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28
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Sun S, Mao W, Tao S, Zou X, Tian S, Qian S, Yao C, Zhang G, Chen M. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and the Risk of Kidney Stones in US Adults: An Exposure-Response Analysis of NHANES 2007-2012. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:2665-2676. [PMID: 34188522 PMCID: PMC8232959 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s319779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure may cause various diseases. However, the association between PAHs exposure and kidney stones remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between PAHs and the risk of kidney stones in the US population. Methods The study included a total of 30,442 individuals (≥20 years) from the 2007–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Nine urinary PAHs were included in this study. Logistic regression and dose–response curves were used to evaluate the association between PAHs and the risk of kidney stones. Results We selected 4385 participants. The dose–response curves showed a significant positive association between total PAHs, 2-hydroxynaphthalene, 1-hydroxyphenanthrene, 2-hydroxyphenanthrene, 9-hydroxyfluorene and the risk of kidney stones after adjusting for confounding factors. Compared with the low group, an increased risk of kidney stones was observed in the high group of total PAHs [OR (95% CI), 1.32 (1.06–1.64), P=0.013], 2-hydroxynaphthalene [OR (95% CI), 1.37 (1.10–1.71), P=0.005], 1-hydroxyphenanthrene [OR (95% CI), 1.24 (1.00–1.54), P=0.046] and 9-hydroxyfluorene [OR (95% CI), 1.36 (1.09–1.70), P=0.007]. Conclusion High levels of PAHs were positively associated with the risk of kidney stones in the US population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Sun
- Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Weipu Mao
- Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.,Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211200, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuchun Tao
- Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Zou
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengwei Tian
- Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Siwei Qian
- Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Yao
- Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyuan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.,Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.,Surgical Research Center, Institute of Urology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211200, People's Republic of China
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Drevinskas T, Maruška A, Bimbiraitė-Survilienė K, Du̅da G, Stankevičius M, Tiso N, Mickienė R, Pedišius V, Levišauskas D, Kaškonienė V, Ragažinskienė O, Grigiškis S, Donati E, Zacchini M. Mathematical Model Coupled to Neural Networks Calculates the Extraction Recovery of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Problematic Matrix. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:14612-14620. [PMID: 34124484 PMCID: PMC8190882 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c01737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Unknown extraction recovery from solid matrix samples leads to meaningless chemical analysis results. It cannot always be determined, and it depends on the complexity of the matrix and properties of the extracted substances. This paper combines a mathematical model with the machine learning method-neural networks that predict liquid extraction recovery from solid matrices. The prediction of the three-stage extraction recovery of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from a wooden railway sleeper matrix is demonstrated. Calculation of the extraction recovery requires the extract's volume to be measured and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons' concentration to be determined for each stage. These data are used to calculate the input values for a neural network model. Lowest mean-squared error (0.014) and smallest retraining relative standard deviation (20.7%) were achieved with the neural network setup 6:5:5:4:1 (six inputs, three hidden layers with five, five, and four neurons in a layer, and one output). To train such a neural network, it took less than 8000 steps-less than a second--using an average-performance laptop. The relative standard deviation of the extraction recovery predictions ranged between 1.13 and 5.15%. The three-stage recovery of the extracted dry sample showed 104% of three different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The extracted wet sample recovery was 71, 98, and 55% for phenanthrene, anthracene, and pyrene, respectively. This method is applicable in the environmental, food processing, pharmaceutical, biochemical, biotechnology, and space research areas where extraction should be performed autonomously without human interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Drevinskas
- Instrumental
Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Maruška
- Instrumental
Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Bimbiraitė-Survilienė
- Instrumental
Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gediminas Du̅da
- Instrumental
Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mantas Stankevičius
- Instrumental
Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Nicola Tiso
- Instrumental
Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ru̅ta Mickienė
- Instrumental
Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vilmantas Pedišius
- Instrumental
Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Donatas Levišauskas
- Instrumental
Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Process
Control Department, Kaunas University of
Technology, Studentų
St. 50, LT-51368 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Kaškonienė
- Instrumental
Analysis Open Access Centre, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos 8, LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ona Ragažinskienė
- Kaunas
Botanical Garden of Vytautas Magnus University, Ž. E. Žilibero 6, LT-46324 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | | | - Enrica Donati
- National
Research Council, Area
della Ricerca di Roma, via Salaria Km 29, 300-00015, Monterotondo (Rome), Italy
| | - Massimo Zacchini
- National
Research Council, Area
della Ricerca di Roma, via Salaria Km 29, 300-00015, Monterotondo (Rome), Italy
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Sansom GT, Kirsch KR, Casillas GA, Camargo K, Wade TL, Knap AH, Baker ES, Horney JA. Spatial Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contaminants after Hurricane Harvey in a Houston Neighborhood. J Health Pollut 2021; 11:210308. [PMID: 33815906 PMCID: PMC8009646 DOI: 10.5696/2156-9614-11.29.210308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hurricane Harvey made landfall along the Texas Gulf Coast as a Category 4 hurricane on August 25, 2017, producing unprecedented precipitation that devastated coastal areas. Catastrophic flooding in the City of Houston inundated industrial and residential properties resulting in the displacement and transfer of soil, sediment, and debris and heightening existing environmental justice (EJ) concerns. OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the presence, distribution, and potential human health implications of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a residential neighborhood of Houston, Texas following a major hurricane. METHODS Concentrations of PAHs in 40 soil samples collected from a residential neighborhood in Houston, Texas were measured. Spatial interpolation was applied to determine the distribution of PAHs. Potential human health risks were evaluated by calculating toxicity equivalency quotients (TEQs) and incremental excess lifetime cancer risk (IELCR). RESULTS Total priority PAH concentrations varied across samples (range: 9.7 × 101 ng/g-1.6 × 104 ng/g; mean: 3.0 × 103 ng/g ± 3.6 × 103 standard deviation). Spatial analysis indicated a variable distribution of PAH constituents and concentrations. The IELCR analysis indicated that nine of the 40 samples were above minimum standards. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study highlight the need for fine scale soil testing in residential areas as well as the importance of site-specific risk assessment. COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garett T. Sansom
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M School of Public Health, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Katie R. Kirsch
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M School of Public Health, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Gaston A. Casillas
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Krisa Camargo
- Interdisciplinary Faculty of Toxicology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Terry L. Wade
- Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Anthony H. Knap
- Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Erin S. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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Chen YY, Kao TW, Wang CC, Chen YJ, Wu CJ, Lai CH, Chen WL. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites and mortality risk in an adult population. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:37-45. [PMID: 32710234 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00663-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Occupational polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure has been shown to increase the risk of various cancers and may be associated with carcinogenic mortality. However, no study has explored the relationship between environmental PAH exposure and mortality in general population. The aim of our study was to explore the association between PAH exposure and all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality in a general US adult population. We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2001-2006) based on the information in this dataset on 692 males and 717 females. PAH exposure was detected using biomarkers from urine samples. Follow-up data on mortality were derived from initial examination of the subjects until death or 31 December 2006 in the NHANES database. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) of PAH metabolites among all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality using the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model after adjusting for covariates. Among males, 3-phenanthrene was positively associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.043, 95%CI 1.019-1.066). Female participants with higher 2-napthol (HR 1.043, 95%CI 1.014-1.072), 3-fluorene (HR 2.159, 95%CI 1.233-3.779), and 1-phenanthrene (HR = 1.259, 95%CI 1.070-1.481) levels had increased all-cause mortality. In addition, high 3-phenanthrene (HR 1.333, 95%CI 1.008-1.763) and 1-phenanthrene (HR 1.463, 95%CI 1.126-1.900) levels increased the risk of cardiovascular mortality. However, there were no significant findings for cancer mortality in both genders. Environmental PAH exposure among the adult population is associated with non-carcinogenic but not cancer mortality. Future studies are warranted to determine the underlying mechanisms related to these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tung-Wei Kao
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Number 325, Section 2, Chang-gong Rd, Nei-Hu District, Taipei, 114, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chung-Ching Wang
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ying-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jung Wu
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Huang Lai
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Number 325, Section 2, Chang-gong Rd, Nei-Hu District, Taipei, 114, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Rehman MYA, Taqi MM, Hussain I, Nasir J, Rizvi SHH, Syed JH. Elevated exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may trigger cancers in Pakistan: an environmental, occupational, and genetic perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:42405-42423. [PMID: 32875453 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09088-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are carcinogenic compounds which are emitted through incomplete combustion of organic materials, fossil fuels, consumption of processed meat, smoked food, and from various industrial activities. High molecular mass and mobility make PAHs widespread and lethal for human health. A cellular system in human detoxifies these toxicants through specialized enzymatic machinery called xenobiotic-metabolizing (CYP450) and phase-II (GSTs) enzymes (XMEs). These metabolizing enzymes include cytochromes P450 family (CYP1, CYP2), glutathione s-transferases, and ALDHs. Gene polymorphisms in XMEs encoding genes can compromise their metabolizing capacity to detoxify ingested carcinogens (PAHs etc.) that may lead to prolong and elevated exposure to ingested toxicants and may consequently lead to cancer. Moreover, PAHs can induce cancer through reprograming XMEs' gene functions by altering their epigenetic markers. This review article discusses possible interplay between individual's gene polymorphism in XMEs' genes, their altered epigenetic markers, and exposure to PAHs in cancer susceptibility in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yasir Abdur Rehman
- Environmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, PO, 45320, Pakistan
| | | | - Imran Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, PO, 45320, Pakistan
- Business Unit Environmental Resources and Technologies, Center for Energy, Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), Vienna, Austria
| | - Jawad Nasir
- Earth Sciences Directorate, Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO), P.O. Box 8402, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Hussain Haider Rizvi
- Earth Sciences Directorate, Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO), P.O. Box 8402, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Jabir Hussain Syed
- Department of Meteorology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.
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Tusher TR, Sarker ME, Nasrin S, Kormoker T, Proshad R, Islam MS, Mamun SA, Tareq ARM. Contamination of toxic metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in rooftop vegetables and human health risks in Bangladesh. TOXIN REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2020.1767650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Roy Tusher
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Md. Eusuf Sarker
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Sumaya Nasrin
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Tapos Kormoker
- Department of Emergency Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Ram Proshad
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Process and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shamim Al Mamun
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
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Azari MR, Mohammadian Y, Pourahmad J, Khodagholi F, Mehrabi Y. Additive toxicity of Co-exposure to pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes and benzo α pyrene in lung cells. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 183:109219. [PMID: 32085994 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Mixture exposure to pristine multi-walled carbon nanotubes (P-MWCNTs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as benzo α pyrene (BaP) in the environment is inevitable. Assessment toxicity of P-MWCNTs and BaP individually may not provide sufficient toxicological information. The objective of this work is to investigate the combined toxicity of P-MWCNTs and BaP in human epithelial lung cells (A549). The physico-chemical properties of P-MWCNTs were determined suing analytical instruments. The toxicity of P-MWCNTs and BaP on A549 lung cells individually or combined were assessed. For toxicity assessment, cell viability, ROS generation, oxidative DNA damage, and apoptosis experiments were conducted. The results of this study demonstrated that P-MWCNTs and BaP individually reduced cell viability in A549 lung cells, and oxidative stress was as the possible mechanism of cytotoxicity. The co-exposure to P-MWCNTs and BaP enhanced the cytotoxicity compared to exposure to P-MWCNTs and BaP individually, but not statistically significant. The two-factorial analysis demonstrated an additive toxicity interaction for co-exposure to P-MWCNTs and BaP. The complicated toxicity interaction among BaP with fibers and metal impurities of P-MWCNTS could be probable reasons for additive toxicity interaction. Results of this study could be helpful as the basis for future studies and risk assessment of co-exposure to MWCNTs and PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Rezazadeh Azari
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Mohammadian
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yadollah Mehrabi
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Latifovic L, Villeneuve PJ, Parent MÉ, Kachuri L, Harris SA. Silica and asbestos exposure at work and the risk of bladder cancer in Canadian men: a population-based case-control study. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:171. [PMID: 32126982 PMCID: PMC7055116 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-6644-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Silica and asbestos are recognized lung carcinogens. However, their role in carcinogenesis at other organs is less clear. Clearance of inhaled silica particles and asbestos fibers from the lungs may lead to translocation to sites such as the bladder where they may initiate carcinogenesis. We used data from a Canadian population-based case-control study to evaluate the associations between these workplace exposures and bladder cancer. Methods Data from a population-based case-control study were used to characterize associations between workplace exposure to silica and asbestos and bladder cancer among men. Bladder cancer cases (N = 658) and age-frequency matched controls (N = 1360) were recruited within the National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System from eight Canadian provinces (1994–97). Exposure concentration, frequency and reliability for silica and asbestos were assigned to each job, based on lifetime occupational histories, using a combination of job-exposure profiles and expert review. Exposure was modeled as ever/never, highest attained concentration, duration (years), highest attained frequency (% worktime) and cumulative exposure. Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using adjusted logistic regression. Results A modest (approximately 20%) increase in bladder cancer risk was found for ever having been exposed to silica, highest attained concentration and frequency of exposure but this increase was not statistically significant. Relative to unexposed, the odds of bladder cancer were 1.41 (95%CI: 1.01–1.98) times higher among men exposed to silica at work for ≥27 years. For asbestos, relative to unexposed, an increased risk of bladder cancer was observed for those first exposed ≥20 years ago (OR:2.04, 95%CI:1.25–3.34), those with a frequency of exposure of 5–30% of worktime (OR:1.45, 95%CI:1.06–1.98), and for those with < 10 years of exposure at low concentrations (OR:1.75, 95%CI:1.10–2.77) and the lower tertile of cumulative exposure (OR:1.69, 95%CI:1.07–2.65). However, no clear exposure-response relationships emerged. Conclusions Our results indicate a slight increase in risk of bladder cancer with exposure to silica and asbestos, suggesting that the effects of these agents are broader than currently recognized. The findings from this study inform evidence-based action to enhance cancer prevention efforts, particularly for workers in industries with regular exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidija Latifovic
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Ontario Health, 525 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St, 6th floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Paul J Villeneuve
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marie-Élise Parent
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, 531 boul des Prairies, Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Linda Kachuri
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Ontario Health, 525 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Shelley A Harris
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Ontario Health, 525 University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College St, 6th floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada. .,School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Jenwitheesuk K, Peansukwech U, Jenwitheesuk K. Construction of polluted aerosol in accumulation that affects the incidence of lung cancer. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03337. [PMID: 32072045 PMCID: PMC7016011 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This model demonstrated the correlation between lung cancer incidences and the parts of ambient air pollution according to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s high resolution technology satellites. Methods Chemical type of aerosols was investigated by the Aerosol Diagnostics Model such as black carbon, mineral dust, organic carbon, sea-salt and SO4. The model investigated associations between the six year accumulation of each aerosol and lung cancer incidence by Bayesian hierarchical spatio-temporal model. Which also represented integrated geophysical parameters. Results In analyses of accumulated chemical aerosol component from 2010 – 2016, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of patients in 2017 were estimated. We observed a significant increasing risk for organic carbon exposure (IRR 1.021, 95%CI 1.020–1.022), SO4, (IRR 1.026, 95% CI 1.025–1.028) and dust, (IRR 1.061, 95% CI 1.058–1.064). There was also suggestion of an increased risk with, every 1 ug/m3 increase in organic carbon compound is associated with 21% increased risk of lung cancer, whereas a 26% excess risk of cancer per 1 ug/m3 increase in mean SO4 and 61% increased risk of lung cancer for dust levels. The other variables were the negative IRR which did not increase the risk of the exposed group. Conclusion With our results, this process can determine that organic carbon, SO4 and dust was significantly associated with the elevated risk of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriangsak Jenwitheesuk
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Udomlack Peansukwech
- Research Manager & Consultant of Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kamonwan Jenwitheesuk
- Plastic & Reconstructive Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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37
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Chen YY, Wang CC, Kao TW, Yang HF, Sun YS, Chen WL. Detrimental association between quadriceps strength and exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in elderly adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 45:829-834. [PMID: 31955601 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental pollutants primarily from the incomplete combustion of organic materials. Myriads of studies have reported the associations between PAH exposure with several adverse health outcomes. However, no previous study had explored the relationship between PAH exposure with muscle strength in the elderly population. In the present study, we included 473 elderly adults who were obtained from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2001-2006). PAH metabolites were measured in urine samples. Muscle strength was determined as the isokinetic strength of the quadriceps. Pertinent variables were analyzed by various standard measurements. The association between PAH exposure and muscle strength was examined using multivariable linear regression models. After fully adjusting for covariables, PAH metabolites had a negative relationship with muscle strength, especially 3-fluorene (β = -0.021, 95% CI: -0.042, 0.000) and 2-fluorene (β = -0.020, 95% CI: -0.034, -0.005). Notably, the relationship remained significant in males, but not in females. PAH exposure is associated with decreased muscle strength in the US elderly population. Further studies are needed to bring to light the underlying mechanisms for these findings. In addition, it is important to provide interventions and determine strategies for treating the adverse impact of PAH exposure on dynapenia. Novelty PAH exposure is associated with decreased muscle strength in elderly adults. The adverse impact remains in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of General Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chung-Ching Wang
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tung-Wei Kao
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hui-Fang Yang
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Shan Sun
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taiwan, Republic of China
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38
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Pan Y, Zhang Y, Peng Z, Ba X, Zhao W, Li X, Guo Y, Ouyang G, Zhang S, Zhang B. Enrichment and determination of sixteen trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in barbecue smoke by using a continuous magnetic solid‐phase extraction and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201900068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Pan
- Chemistry CollegeZhengzhou University Kexue Avenue 100 Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Yanhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of ChemistryHong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
| | - Zifang Peng
- Chemistry CollegeZhengzhou University Kexue Avenue 100 Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Xin Ba
- Chemistry CollegeZhengzhou University Kexue Avenue 100 Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Wuduo Zhao
- Center of Advanced Analysis and Computational ScienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Sensing and Harmful Substances Detection TechnologyZhengzhou University Kexue Avenue 100 Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Xinglin Li
- Chemistry CollegeZhengzhou University Kexue Avenue 100 Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Yun Guo
- Center of Advanced Analysis and Computational ScienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Sensing and Harmful Substances Detection TechnologyZhengzhou University Kexue Avenue 100 Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- Center of Advanced Analysis and Computational ScienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Sensing and Harmful Substances Detection TechnologyZhengzhou University Kexue Avenue 100 Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Center of Advanced Analysis and Computational ScienceKey Laboratory of Molecular Sensing and Harmful Substances Detection TechnologyZhengzhou University Kexue Avenue 100 Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Physics CollegeZhengzhou University Kexue Avenue 100 Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
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ALTVEŞ S, YILDIZ HK, VURAL HC. Interaction of the microbiota with the human body in health and diseases. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2019; 39:23-32. [PMID: 32328397 PMCID: PMC7162693 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.19-023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The human body contains many microorganisms, including a large number of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, which are referred to as the microbiota. Compared with the number of cells comprising the human body, that of the microbiota has been found to be much larger. The microbiome is defined as microorganisms and their genomes have been shown to contain about 100 times more genes than the human genome. The microbiota affects many vital functions in the human body. It contributes to regulation of the immune system, digestion of food, production of vitamins such as B12 and K, metabolization of xenobiotic materials, and many other tasks. Many factors affect the microbiota biodiversity, such as diet, medicines including antibiotics, relationships with the environment, pregnancy, and age. Studies have shown that the lack of microbiota diversity leads to many diseases like autoimmune diseases such as diabetes type I, rheumatism, muscular dystrophy, problems in blood coagulation due to lack of vitamin K, and disturbances in the transfer of nerve cells due to lack of vitamin B12, in addition to its involvement in a number of conditions such as cancer, memory disorders, depression, stress, autism, and Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this review is to summarize the latest studies discussing the relationship between the microbiota and the human body in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa ALTVEŞ
- Department of Medical Biology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Hatice Kübra YILDIZ
- Department of Medical Biology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Hasibe Cingilli VURAL
- Department of Medical Biology, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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Konduracka E. A link between environmental pollution and civilization disorders: a mini review. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2019; 34:227-233. [PMID: 31141493 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2018-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Most civilization disorders have a complex etiology, involving factors such as genetics, lifestyle, and environmental pollution (EP) due to different chemicals. Among harmful chemicals, the major ones include particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals, pesticides, plasticizers, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins, furans, some food additives, hormones, and antibiotics. In fact, potential pollutants are countless and most of them have never been evaluated in terms of their toxicity and health risks, especially that new chemicals emerge all the time due to interactions between the existing ones. It is almost impossible to determine the effects of these new compounds on health. Previous studies have revealed a broad spectrum of diseases related to pollution. EP has been associated with an increased incidence of some malignancies, an increased rate of all-cause mortality, development or exacerbation of cardiovascular diseases, recurrent infections, impairment of intellectual and psychomotor development in children, development of type 2 diabetes, respiratory and immune system diseases, and also brain degenerative disorders. EP is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, generating high health care costs. Global pollution questions the common recommendation to eat vegetables, fruit, and fish regularly as part of a healthy diet, if they do not have ecological certification. Research in the fields of ecology, biology, and toxicology is needed to determine which environmental contaminants are the most hazardous to wildlife and humans and at what levels. Only an interdisciplinary cooperation and measures to raise public awareness could help improve environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Konduracka
- Department of Coronary Disease and Heart Failure, Jagiellonian University Medical College, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland
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He Z, Zhang R, Chen S, Chen L, Li H, Ye L, Li Q, Wang Z, Wang Q, Duan H, Niu Y, Xiao Y, Dong G, Li D, Yu D, Zheng Y, Xing X, Chen W. FLT1 hypermethylation is involved in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-induced cell transformation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:607-615. [PMID: 31185349 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Coke oven emissions (COEs) are common particle pollutants in occupational environment and the major constituents of COEs are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Previously, we identified aberrant methylation of the fms related tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1) gene over the course of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-induced cell transformation via genome-wide methylation array. To quantify FLT1 methylation, we established a bisulfite pyrosequencing assay and examined the FLT1 hypermethylation in several human cancers. The results revealed that 70.0% (21/30 pairs) of lung cancers harbored hypermethylated FLT1 and concomitant suppression of gene expression compared to the adjacent tissues. This implies that FLT1 hypermethylation might play a role in malignant cell transformation. In addition, FLT1 hypermethylation and gene suppression appeared in primary human lymphocytes in a dose-response manner following COEs treatment. To explore whether FLT1 methylation is correlated with COEs exposure and DNA damage, we recruited 144 male subjects who had been exposed to high levels of COEs and 84 male control subjects. Notably, the FLT1 methylation in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLCs) of the COEs-exposed group (19.8 ± 3.2%) was enhanced by 17.9% compared to that of the control group (16.8 ± 2.8%) (P < 0.001). The FLT1 methylation status was positively correlated with urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) levels, an internal exposure marker of PAHs (β = 0.029, 95% CI = 0.010-0.048, P = 0.003) and positively correlated with DNA damage (βOTM = 0.024, 95% CI = 0.007-0.040, P = 0.005; βTail DNA = 0.035, 95% CI = 0.0017-0.054, P < 0.001) indicated by comet assay. Taken together, these findings indicate that FLT1 might be a tumor suppressor, and its hypermethylation might contribute to PAHs-induced carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhini He
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiyao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhu Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huawei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Niu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmei Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wen Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Cirillo F, Lappano R, Bruno L, Rizzuti B, Grande F, Guzzi R, Briguori S, Miglietta AM, Nakajima M, Di Martino MT, Maggiolini M. AHR and GPER mediate the stimulatory effects induced by 3-methylcholanthrene in breast cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:335. [PMID: 31370872 PMCID: PMC6676524 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chemical carcinogen 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC) binds to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) that regulates the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes as CYP1B1, which is involved in the oncogenic activation of environmental pollutants as well as in the estrogen biosynthesis and metabolism. 3MC was shown to induce estrogenic responses binding to the estrogen receptor (ER) α and stimulating a functional interaction between AHR and ERα. Recently, the G protein estrogen receptor (GPER) has been reported to mediate certain biological responses induced by endogenous estrogens and environmental compounds eliciting an estrogen-like activity. METHODS Molecular dynamics and docking simulations were performed to evaluate the potential of 3MC to interact with GPER. SkBr3 breast cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) derived from breast tumor patients were used as model system. Real-time PCR and western blotting analysis were performed in order to evaluate the activation of transduction mediators as well as the mRNA and protein levels of CYP1B1 and cyclin D1. Co-immunoprecipitation studies were performed in order to explore the potential of 3MC to trigger the association of GPER with AHR and EGFR. Luciferase assays were carried out to determine the activity of CYP1B1 promoter deletion constructs upon 3MC exposure, while the nuclear shuttle of AHR induced by 3MC was assessed through confocal microscopy. Cell proliferation stimulated by 3MC was determined as biological counterpart of the aforementioned experimental assays. The statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA. RESULTS We first ascertained by docking simulations the ability of 3MC to interact with GPER. Thereafter, we established that 3MC activates the EGFR/ERK/c-Fos transduction signaling through both AHR and GPER in SkBr3 cells and CAFs. Then, we found that these receptors are involved in the up-regulation of CYP1B1 and cyclin D1 as well as in the stimulation of growth responses induced by 3MC. CONCLUSIONS In the present study we have provided novel insights regarding the molecular mechanisms by which 3MC may trigger a physical and functional interaction between AHR and GPER, leading to the stimulation of both SkBr3 breast cancer cells and CAFs. Altogether, our results indicate that 3MC may engage both GPER and AHR transduction pathways toward breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cirillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Cosenza, Rende, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Lappano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Cosenza, Rende, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bruno
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Bruno Rizzuti
- CNR-NANOTEC, Licryl-UOS Cosenza and CEMIF. Cal and Department of Physics, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Cosenza, Rende, Italy
| | - Rita Guzzi
- CNR-NANOTEC, Licryl-UOS Cosenza and CEMIF. Cal and Department of Physics, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy.,Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Sara Briguori
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Cosenza, Rende, Italy
| | | | - Miki Nakajima
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology, WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Maria Teresa Di Martino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Marcello Maggiolini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Cosenza, Rende, Italy.
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Miglani K, Kumar S, Yadav A, Aggarwal N, Ahmad I, Gupta R. A multibiomarker approach to evaluate the effect of polyaromatic hydrocarbon exposure on oxidative and genotoxic damage in tandoor workers. Toxicol Ind Health 2019; 35:486-496. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233719862728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a cohort study of tandoor workers to evaluate the relationship between the biomarkers of oxidative and genotoxic damage and exposure to polyaromatic hydrocarbons. A series of oxidative and genotoxic damage biomarkers, including urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and tail moment (TM) by comet assay, was studied. A total of 76 tandoor workers and 79 demographically matched healthy individuals as controls were included. Our results showed that the tandoor workers had significantly higher urinary levels of 1-hydroxypyrene, urinary 8-OHdG, MDA content, and TM compared with the control population. The concentration of all these biomarkers increased with age in the control population as well as tandoor workers. In tandoor workers, significant variation in MDA, 8-oxodG (8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine) and TM concentration was detected between smokers (5.08 ± 1.72 nmol/mL, 16.01 ± 4.94 ng/mg creatinine, and 5.87 ± 0.98 µm, respectively) and nonsmokers (3.84 ± 0.98 nmol/mL, 13.74 ± 3.60 ng/mg creatinine, and 5.32 ± 0.69 µm, respectively). A similar pattern was obtained for the control population. We did not obtain significant variations for alcoholics and tobacco chewers. A significant increase in all these three biomarkers was observed with the increase in the period of work exposure in tandoor workers. Multivariate regression analysis also revealed that urinary 8-oxodG, MDA, and TM were statistically significantly related to age and period of work exposure. Overall, the present study showed that the exposure to wood smoke in tandoor workers under occupational conditions led to increased DNA damage because of oxidative stress and genotoxicity. These biomarkers, therefore, are good indices to assess oxidative DNA damage in these workers exposed to occupational genotoxicants. It is also necessary to make preventive changes in work conditions and lifestyle, which will help these occupational workers to lead a healthy life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Miglani
- Department of Biochemistry, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Deprtment of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Anita Yadav
- Deprtment of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Neeraj Aggarwal
- Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Imteyaz Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
| | - Ranjan Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
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Tomić-Spirić V, Kovačević G, Marinković J, Janković J, Ćirković A, Milošević Đerić A, Relić N, Janković S. Evaluation of the Impact of Black Carbon on the Worsening of Allergic Respiratory Diseases in the Region of Western Serbia: A Time-Stratified Case-Crossover Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55060261. [PMID: 31181862 PMCID: PMC6631303 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55060261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Many epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between black carbon (BC) and the exacerbation of allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma. However, none of the studies in Serbia examined this relationship yet. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between BC and emergency department (ED) visits for allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma in the Užice region of Serbia. Materials and Methods: A time-stratified case-crossover design was applied to 523 ED visits for allergic rhinitis and asthma exacerbation that occurred in the Užice region of Serbia between 2012–2014. Data regarding ED visits were routinely collected in the Health Center of Užice. The daily average concentrations of BC were measured by automatic ambient air quality monitoring stations. Odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression adjusted for the potential confounding influence of weather variables (temperature, humidity, and air pressure). Results: Statistically significant associations were observed between ED visits for allergic rhinitis and 2-day lagged exposure to BC (OR = 3.20; CI = 1.00–10.18; p = 0.049) and allergic asthma and 3-day lagged exposure to BC (OR = 3.23; CI = 1.05–9.95; p = 0.041). Conclusion: Exposure to BC in the Užice region increases the risk of ED visits for allergic rhinitis and asthma, particularly during the heating season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Tomić-Spirić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
- Clinic for Allergology and Immunology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | - Jelena Marinković
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Janko Janković
- Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Anđa Ćirković
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | - Nenad Relić
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Priština, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia.
| | - Slavenka Janković
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Rezazadeh Azari M, Mohammadian Y, Pourahmad J, Khodagholi F, Peirovi H, Mehrabi Y, Omidi M, Rafieepour A. Individual and combined toxicity of carboxylic acid functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and benzo a pyrene in lung adenocarcinoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:12709-12719. [PMID: 30879234 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04795-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Co-exposure to carboxylic acid functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (F-MWCNTs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as benzo a pyrene (BaP) in ambient air have been reported. Adsorption of BaP to F-MWCNTs can influence combined toxicity. Studying individual toxicity of F-MWCNTs and BaP might give unrealistic data. Limited information is available on the combined toxicity of F-MWCNTs and BaP in human cells. The objective of the present work is to evaluate the toxicity of F-MWCNTs and BaP individually and combined in human lung adenocarcinoma (A549 cells). The in vitro toxicity is evaluated through cell viability, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and the production of 8-OHdG assays. Adsorption of BaP to F-MWCNTs was confirmed using a spectrophotometer. The results indicated that the F-MWCNTs and BaP reduce cell viability individually and produce ROS, apoptosis, and 8-OHdG in exposed cells. Stress oxidative is found to be a mechanism of cytotoxicity for both F-MWCNTs and BaP. Combined exposure to F-MWCNTs and BaP decreases cytotoxicity compared to individual exposure, but the difference is not statistically significant in all toxicity assays; hence, the two-factorial analysis indicated an additive toxic interaction. Adsorption of BaP to F-MWCNTs could mitigate the bioavailability and toxicity of BaP in biological systems. Considering the mixture toxicity of MWCNTs and BaP is required for risk assessment of ambient air contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Rezazadeh Azari
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Mohammadian
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habibollah Peirovi
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yadollah Mehrabi
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meisam Omidi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Athena Rafieepour
- School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ma X, Huang P, Dang X, Ai Y, Zheng D, Chen H. MWCNTs/MnO2 nanocomposite-based polythiophene coating for solid-phase microextraction and determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Tsiaoussis J, Antoniou MN, Koliarakis I, Mesnage R, Vardavas CI, Izotov BN, Psaroulaki A, Tsatsakis A. Effects of single and combined toxic exposures on the gut microbiome: Current knowledge and future directions. Toxicol Lett 2019; 312:72-97. [PMID: 31034867 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human populations are chronically exposed to mixtures of toxic chemicals. Predicting the health effects of these mixtures require a large amount of information on the mode of action of their components. Xenobiotic metabolism by bacteria inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract has a major influence on human health. Our review aims to explore the literature for studies looking to characterize the different modes of action and outcomes of major chemical pollutants, and some components of cosmetics and food additives, on gut microbial communities in order to facilitate an estimation of their potential mixture effects. We identified good evidence that exposure to heavy metals, pesticides, nanoparticles, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins, furans, polychlorinated biphenyls, and non-caloric artificial sweeteners affect the gut microbiome and which is associated with the development of metabolic, malignant, inflammatory, or immune diseases. Answering the question 'Who is there?' is not sufficient to define the mode of action of a toxicant in predictive modeling of mixture effects. Therefore, we recommend that new studies focus to simulate real-life exposure to diverse chemicals (toxicants, cosmetic/food additives), including as mixtures, and which combine metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metabolomic analytical methods achieving in that way a comprehensive evaluation of effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Tsiaoussis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Michael N Antoniou
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 8th Floor, Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Koliarakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Robin Mesnage
- Gene Expression and Therapy Group, King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 8th Floor, Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Constantine I Vardavas
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71409 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Boris N Izotov
- Department of Analytical, Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Psaroulaki
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Voutes, 71409 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Department of Analytical, Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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Garnier R. Surveillance des étancheurs. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Guo L, Jiang X, Tian HY, Yao SJ, Li BY, Zhang RJ, Zhang SS, Sun X. Detection of BPDE-DNA adducts in human umbilical cord blood by LC-MS/MS analysis. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:518-525. [PMID: 30987723 PMCID: PMC9296209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo [a]pyrene (BaP) is a model compound for the study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) carcinogenesis. Upon metabolism, BaP is metabolized to the ultimate metabolite, BaP trans-7,8-diol-anti-9,10-epoxide (BPDE), that reacts with cellular DNA to form BPDE-dG adducts responsible for BaP-induced mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. In this study, we employed our developed LC-MS/MS method to detect and quantity BPDE-dG adducts present in 42 normal human umbilical cord blood samples and 42 birth defect cases. We determined that there is no significant difference in the level of BPDE-dG formation between the normal and birth defect groups. This represents the first time to use an LC-MS/MS method to quantify BPDE-dG in human umbilical blood samples. The results indicated that under experimental conditions, BPDE-dG adducts were detected in all the human umbilical cord blood samples from the normal and birth defect groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100050 Beijing, China; National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100050 Beijing, China; Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100050 Beijing, China; National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Hao-Yuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100050 Beijing, China; National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Shang-Jin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100050 Beijing, China; National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100050 Beijing, China; Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bo-Ya Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100050 Beijing, China; National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Jie Zhang
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100050 Beijing, China; National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100050 Beijing, China.
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Petit P, Maître A, Persoons R, Bicout DJ. Lung cancer risk assessment for workers exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in various industries. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 124:109-120. [PMID: 30641254 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Millions of workers are exposed to carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) mixtures. The toxicity of PAH mixtures is variable and depends on the composition of the mixture, which is related to the emission sources. Although several indicators exist, the cancer risk estimation associated with occupational exposure to PAHs is poorly known. OBJECTIVES To assess the risk of lung cancer associated with PAHs in several industries using the atmospheric concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) as a proxy. METHODS A total of 93 exposure groups belonging to 9 industries were investigated. Eight indicators found in the literature were compared to assess risks. A consensual indicator was used to estimate lung cancer risks. RESULTS Approximately 30% of the exposure groups were above the maximal risk level of the European Union (10-4). The risk probabilities were >10-3 for coke and silicon production; >10-4 for the manufacturing of carbon products and aluminum production; >10-5 for foundries and combustion processes; >10-6 for the use of lubricating oils and engine exhaust emissions; and >10-7 for bitumen. The risk probabilities were highly variable within industries (from 1 to 1000 likelihood). A total of 27 (95% CI: 0.1-54) contemporary additional lung cancer cases could be expected per year in the French exposed population based on estimations using published data. CONCLUSION This study provides an overview of cancer risk estimation in many industries. Despite efforts and changes that had been made to decrease risks, PAHs remain a sanitary threat for people exposed to these pollutants in occupational environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Petit
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, EPSP team (Environment and Health Prediction of Populations), 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Anne Maître
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, EPSP team (Environment and Health Prediction of Populations), 38000 Grenoble, France; Grenoble Alpes teaching Hospital, CHUGA, Occupational and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Biochemistry Toxicology and Pharmacology Department, Biology and Pathology Institute, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Renaud Persoons
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, EPSP team (Environment and Health Prediction of Populations), 38000 Grenoble, France; Grenoble Alpes teaching Hospital, CHUGA, Occupational and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Biochemistry Toxicology and Pharmacology Department, Biology and Pathology Institute, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Dominique J Bicout
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, TIMC-IMAG, EPSP team (Environment and Health Prediction of Populations), 38000 Grenoble, France; VetAgro Sup, Biomathematics and Epidemiology Unit, Veterinary Campus of Lyon, F-69280 Marcy l'Etoile, France
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