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Guan Y, Cao M, Wu X, Yan J, Hao Y, Zhang C. CD28 null T cells in aging and diseases: From biology to assessment and intervention. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111807. [PMID: 38471362 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
CD28null T cells, an atypical subset characterized by the loss of CD28 costimulatory molecule expression, exhibit functional variants and progressively expand with age. Moreover, T cells with these phenotypes are found in both typical and atypical humoral immune responses. Consequently, they accumulate during infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular conditions, and neurodegenerative ailments. To provide an in-depth review of the current knowledge regarding CD28null T cells, we specifically focus on their phenotypic and functional characteristics as well as their physiological roles in aging and diseases. While uncertainties regarding the clinical utility remains, we will review the following two crucial research perspectives to explore clinical translational applications of the research on this specific T cell subset: 1) addressing the potential utility of CD28null T cells as immunological markers for prognosis and adverse outcomes in both aging and disease, and 2) speculating on the potential of targeting CD28null T cells as an interventional strategy for preventing or delaying immune aging processes and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Guan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ming Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaofen Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jinhua Yan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yi Hao
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China.
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He S, Lai D, Ma C, Meng C, Cai C, Chen Q, Gu C, Qiu Q. hsa_circ_0087100/hsa-miR-6743-5p affects Th1 cell differentiation by regulating STAT1 in diabetic retinopathy. Epigenomics 2024; 16:427-444. [PMID: 38410923 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: To elucidate the role of the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in immune infiltration of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods: We obtained differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Then, we identified immune infiltration by CIBERSORT and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis and discovered co-expression genes by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Furthermore, STAT1-mediated Th1 differentiation was determined in DR cell models, DR patients and DR mouse models. Results: hsa_circ_0087100/hsa-miR-6743-5p/STAT1 was involved in immune infiltration of Th1 cells. Aberrant expression of the ceRNA network and STAT1-mediated Th1 differentiation was thus verified in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: hsa_circ_0087100/hsa-miR-6743-5p/STAT1 may affect Th1 cell differentiation in DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science & Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis & Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Dongwei Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science & Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis & Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chenggong Ma
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chunren Meng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science & Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis & Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chunyang Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science & Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis & Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chufeng Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science & Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis & Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qinghua Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
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Ju SH, Lim JY, Song M, Kim JM, Kang YE, Yi HS, Joung KH, Lee JH, Kim HJ, Ku BJ. Distinct effects of rosuvastatin and rosuvastatin/ezetimibe on senescence markers of CD8+ T cells in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1336357. [PMID: 38586464 PMCID: PMC10996898 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1336357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Chronic low-grade inflammation is widely recognized as a pathophysiological defect contributing to β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Statin therapy is known to ameliorate CD8+ T cell senescence, a mediator of chronic inflammation. However, the additional immunomodulatory roles of ezetimibe are not fully understood. Therefore, we investigated the effect of statin or statin/ezetimibe combination treatment on T cell senescence markers. Methods In this two-group parallel and randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 149 patients with T2DM whose low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 100 mg/dL or higher. Patients were randomly assigned to either the rosuvastatin group (N=74) or the rosuvastatin/ezetimibe group (N=75). The immunophenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and metabolic profiles were analyzed using samples from baseline and post-12 weeks of medication. Results The fractions of CD8+CD57+ (senescent CD8+ T cells) and CD4+FoxP3+ (Treg) significantly decreased after intervention in the rosuvastatin/ezetimibe group (-4.5 ± 14.1% and -1.2 ± 2.3%, respectively), while these fractions showed minimal change in the rosuvastatin group (2.8 ± 9.4% and 1.4 ± 1.5%, respectively). The degree of LDL-C reduction was correlated with an improvement in HbA1c (R=0.193, p=0.021). Changes in the CD8+CD57+ fraction positively correlated with patient age (R=0.538, p=0.026). Notably, the fraction change in senescent CD8+ T cells showed no significant relationship with changes in either HbA1c (p=0.314) or LDL-C (p=0.592). Finally, the ratio of naïve to memory CD8+ T cells increased in the rosuvastatin/ezetimibe group (p=0.011), but not in the rosuvastatin group (p=0.339). Conclusions We observed a reduction in senescent CD8+ T cells and an increase in the ratio of naive to memory CD8+ T cells with rosuvastatin/ezetimibe treatment. Our results demonstrate the immunomodulatory roles of ezetimibe in combination with statins, independent of improvements in lipid or HbA1c levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyeon Ju
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung Youl Lim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minchul Song
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Sim BC, Kang YE, You SK, Lee SE, Nga HT, Lee HY, Nguyen TL, Moon JS, Tian J, Jang HJ, Lee JE, Yi HS. Hepatic T-cell senescence and exhaustion are implicated in the progression of fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and mouse model with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:618. [PMID: 37735474 PMCID: PMC10514041 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Immunosenescence and exhaustion are involved in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic liver diseases, including fatty liver, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, in humans. However, the relationships of the senescence and exhaustion of T cells with insulin resistance-associated liver diseases remain incompletely understood. To better define the relationship of T2D with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, 59 patients (mean age 58.7 ± 11.0 years; 47.5% male) with T2D were studied. To characterize their systemic immunophenotypes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based proton density fat fraction and MRI-based elastography were performed using an open-bore, vertical-field 3.0 T scanner to quantify liver fat and fibrosis, respectively. The participants with insulin resistance had a significantly larger population of CD28 - CD57+ senescent T cells among the CD4+ and CD8 + T cells than those with lower Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) values. The abundances of senescent CD4+ and CD8 + T cells and the HOMA-IR positively correlated with the severity of liver fibrosis, assessed using MRI-based elastography. Interleukin 15 from hepatic monocytes was found to be an inducer of bystander activation of T cells, which is associated with progression of liver disease in the participants with T2D. Furthermore, high expression of genes related to senescence and exhaustion was identified in CD4+ and CD8 + T cells from the participants with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or liver cirrhosis. Finally, we have also demonstrated that hepatic T-cell senescence and exhaustion are induced in a diet or chemical-induced mouse model with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. In conclusion, we have shown that T-cell senescence is associated with insulin resistance and metabolic liver disease in patients with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong Chang Sim
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Kyoung You
- Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Thi Nga
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeop Lee
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Thi Linh Nguyen
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jingwen Tian
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Ju Jang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Amezcua-Guerra LM, Espinosa-Bautista F, Hopf-Estandía K, Valdivieso-Ruiz M, Coronel D, Robledo S, Ramos-Rosillo V, Del Rocío Martínez-Alvarado M, Patlán M, Páez A, Silveira LH, Tavera-Alonso C, Massó F, Soto-Fajardo C, Pineda C. Senescent CD4 +CD28 null cells are increased in chronic hyperuricemia, show aberrant effector phenotypes, and are reversed after allopurinol therapy: a proof-of-concept pilot study. Clin Rheumatol 2023:10.1007/s10067-023-06595-8. [PMID: 37072512 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-023-06595-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
To characterize CD4+CD28null cells in chronic hyperuricemia and investigate whether allopurinol could restore CD28 expression and the balance of T helper phenotypes. Asymptomatic individuals with chronic hyperuricemia and ultrasonographic findings evocative of urate deposition in the joints. Age- and gender-matched normouricemic individuals were also studied. Oral allopurinol at 150 mg/day for 4 weeks, followed by 300 mg/day through week 12. Color-flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with antibodies against CD4, CD28, T-bet (Th1), GATA-3 (Th2), and RORγt (Th17). Six patients (five men, median age of 53 years) and seven controls were studied. At baseline, hyperuricemic patients had more CD4+CD28null/CD4+ cells than normouricemic subjects (36.8% vs. 6.1%; p = 0.001), with a predominance of T-bet+ cells (98.5% vs. 6.6%; p = 0.001) and few RORγt+ cells (0.7% vs. 89.4%; p = 0.014). In hyperuricemic patients, the number of CD4+ cells/10,000 PBMC was similar before and after allopurinol (3378 vs. 3954; p = 0.843). Conversely, CD4+CD28null cells decreased from 36.8% (23.0-43.7) to 15.8% (4.7-28.1; p = 0.031). CD4+CD28nullT-bet+ cells decreased from 98.5% (95.0-99.4) to 88.3% (75.2-98.9; p = 0.062), CD4+CD28nullGATA-3+ cells increased from 0% (0-4.0) to 2.8% (0.1-15.6; p = 0.156), and CD4+CD28nullRORγt+ cells increased from 0.7% (0.4-7.0) to 4.5% (1.3-28.1; p = 0.031). The CD4+CD28null cell subset is abnormally expanded in chronic hyperuricemia, despite the absence of overt urate-related disease. Allopurinol may partially restore CD28 expression on CD4+ cells while enhancing the homeostatic balance of T helper phenotypes. ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT04012294.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Amezcua-Guerra
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Health Care Department, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Fernanda Espinosa-Bautista
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
- Master in Chemobiological Sciences, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karen Hopf-Estandía
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Melisa Valdivieso-Ruiz
- Rheumatology Division, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dania Coronel
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sandra Robledo
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
- Master in Chemobiological Sciences, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
- Red MEDICI, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Varna Ramos-Rosillo
- Immunology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Mariana Patlán
- UNAM/INC Translational Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Araceli Páez
- UNAM/INC Translational Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis H Silveira
- Rheumatology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Felipe Massó
- UNAM/INC Translational Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carina Soto-Fajardo
- Rheumatology Division, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Pineda
- Rheumatology Division, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
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Xiong J, Li Z, Tang H, Duan Y, Ban X, Xu K, Guo Y, Tu Y. Bulk and single-cell characterisation of the immune heterogeneity of atherosclerosis identifies novel targets for immunotherapy. BMC Biol 2023; 21:46. [PMID: 36855107 PMCID: PMC9974063 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01540-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune cells that infiltrate lesions are important for atherosclerosis progression and immunotherapies. This study was aimed at gaining important new insights into the heterogeneity of these cells by integrating the sequencing results of multiple samples and using an enhanced single-cell sequencing workflow to overcome the limitations of a single study. RESULTS Integrative analyses identified 28 distinct subpopulations based on gene expression profiles. Further analysis demonstrated that these cells manifested high heterogeneity at the levels of tissue preferences, genetic perturbations, functional variations, immune dynamics, transcriptional regulators, metabolic changes, and communication patterns. Of the T cells, interferon-induced CD8+ T cells were involved in the progression of atherosclerosis. In contrast, proinflammatory CD4+ CD28null T cells predicted a poor outcome in atherosclerosis. Notably, we identified two subpopulations of foamy macrophages that exhibit contrasting phenotypes. Among them, TREM2- SPP1+ foamy macrophages were preferentially distributed in the hypoxic core of plaques. These glycolytic metabolism-enriched cells, with impaired cholesterol metabolism and robust pro-angiogenic capacity, were phenotypically regulated by CSF1 secreted by co-localised mast cells. Moreover, combined with deconvolution of the bulk datasets, we revealed that these dysfunctional cells had a higher proportion of ruptured and haemorrhagic lesions and were significantly associated with poor atherosclerosis prognoses. CONCLUSIONS We systematically explored atherosclerotic immune heterogeneity and identified cell populations underlying atherosclerosis progression and poor prognosis, which may be valuable for developing new and precise immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Zhaoyue Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Yuchen Duan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Xiaofang Ban
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Yutong Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150000, China.
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Wang JY, Zhu XP, Zhang Y, Luo C, Tang XM, Zhou J. [Role of CD4 +NKG2D + T cells in the disease activity of juvenile idiopathic arthritis]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2023; 25:166-171. [PMID: 36854693 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2208103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the expression levels of CD4+NKG2D+ T cells and NKG2D soluble ligands, the soluble MHC class I chain-related molecules A and B (sMICA/sMICB) in the active stage and stable stage of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and their role in the disease activity of JIA. METHODS Nineteen children with systemic JIA and 20 children with articular JIA who were diagnosed in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from November 2019 to December 2021 were enrolled in this prospective study. Six healthy children were enrolled as the control group. After peripheral blood samples were collected, ELISA was used to measure the levels of sMICA and sMICB, and flow cytometry was used to measure the percentage of CD4+NKG2D+ T cells. Systemic Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score-27 (sJADAS-27)/Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score-27 (JADAS-27) was used to evaluate the disease activity in children with JIA. The Pearson correlation analysis and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to assess the role of CD4+NKG2D+ T cells, sMICA and sMICB in the disease activity of JIA. RESULTS The active systemic JIA and active articular JIA groups had a significant increase in the percentage of CD4+NKG2D+ T cells compared with the control group and their corresponding inactive JIA group (P<0.05). The JIA groups had significantly higher levels of sMICA and sMICB than the control group (P<0.05), and the active articular JIA group had a significantly higher level of sMICB than the stable articular JIA group (P<0.05). In the children with JIA, the percentage of CD4+NKG2D+ T cells and the levels of sMICA and sMICB were positively correlated with sJADAS-27/JADAS-27 disease activity scores (P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that sMICB had an area under the curve of 0.755 in evaluating the disease activity of JIA, with a specificity of 0.90 and a sensitivity of 0.64. CONCLUSIONS The percentage of CD4+NKG2D+ T cells and the levels of sMICA and sMICB increase in children with JIA compared with healthy children and are positively correlated with the disease activity of JIA, suggesting that CD4+NKG2D+ T cells and NKG2D ligands can be used as potential biomarkers for evaluating the disease activity of JIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | | | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Chong Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xue-Mei Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China
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8
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Lipoxin and glycation in SREBP signaling: Insight into diabetic cardiomyopathy and associated lipotoxicity. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 164:106698. [PMID: 36379414 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diabetes increases cardiovascular risk through hyperglycemia and atherosclerosis. Chronic hyperglycemia accelerates glycation reaction, which forms advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Additionally, hyperglycemia with enhanced levels of cholesterol, native and oxidized low-density lipoproteins, free fatty acids, and oxidative stress induces lipotoxicity. Accelerated glycation and disturbed lipid metabolism are characteristic features of diabetic heart failure. SREBP signaling plays a significant role in lipid and glucose homeostasis. AGEs increase lipotoxicity in diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting SREBP signaling. While anti-inflammatory lipid mediators, lipoxins resolve inflammation caused by lipotoxicity by upregulating the PPARγ expression and regulating CD36. PPARγ connects the bridge between glycation and lipoxin in SREBP signaling. A summary of treatment modalities against diabetic cardiomyopathy is given in brief. This review indicates the novel therapeutic approach in the crosstalk between glycation and lipoxin in SREBP signaling.
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9
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Kim KH, Pyo H, Lee H, Oh D, Noh JM, Ahn YC, Kim CG, Yoon HI, Lee J, Park S, Jung HA, Sun JM, Lee SH, Ahn JS, Park K, Ku BM, Shin EC, Ahn MJ. Association of T Cell Senescence with Radiation Pneumonitis in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 115:464-475. [PMID: 35896144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Associations between immunosenescence and radiation pneumonitis (RP) are largely unknown. We aimed to identify a peripheral blood T cell senescence biomarker to predict RP in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS AND MATERIALS Patients with locally advanced NSCLC who received definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) were prospectively registered (cohort 1, n=23; cohort 2, n=31). Peripheral blood was collected at baseline, during dCRT, and at 1 month post-dCRT. Patients were dichotomized to grade ≥2 (G2+) RP and grade 0-1 (G0-1) RP. Flow cytometry was performed to assess phenotypes and functional properties of T cell subsets. RP incidence was estimated via competing risk analysis. RESULTS Five and six patients exhibited G2+ RP following dCRT in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. Patients with G2+ RP exhibited a more aged T cell pool and higher frequencies of senescent CD57+CD28-CD8+ T cells than patients with G0-1 RP at baseline, during dCRT, and at 1 month post-dCRT. These senescent cells exhibited increased granzyme B, IFN-γ, and TNF-α production. Higher baseline frequency of CD57+CD28-CD8+ T cells was an independent predictor of G2+ RP (hazard ratio, 8.42; 95% confidence interval, 2.58-27.45; P<0.001). Recursive partitioning analysis revealed three distinct risk groups stratified by baseline CD57+CD28-CD8+ T cell frequency and lung V20 Gy, with 1-year cumulative G2+ RP incidences of 50.0%, 16.7%, and 0% for high-, intermediate-, and low-risk groups, respectively (P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS Higher baseline frequencies of CD57+CD28-CD8+ T cells correlated with increased G2+ RP risks. Our results suggest the need for further investigation of the role of T cell senescence on radiation-induced organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hwan Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongryull Pyo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoyoung Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongryul Oh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myoung Noh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Chan Ahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gon Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong In Yoon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Heavy Ion Therapy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehhoon Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ae Jung
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Mu Sun
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Ahn
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunchil Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Mi Ku
- Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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10
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Puia D, Gheorghincă Ş, Radavoi GD, Jinga V, Pricop C. Can we identify the risk factors for SIRS/sepsis after percutaneous nephrolithotomy? A meta‑analysis and literature review. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:110. [PMID: 36793328 PMCID: PMC9923362 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increase in percutaneous interventions such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for renal lithiasis, infectious complications are becoming more frequent. The present study performed a systematic Medline and Embase databases search, using the following words: 'PCNL' [MeSH Terms] AND ['sepsis' (All Fields) OR 'PCNL' (All Fields)] AND ['septic shock' (All Fields)] AND ['urosepsis' (MeSH Terms) OR 'Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)' (All Fields)]. Because of the technological advances in endourology, articles published between 2012 and 2022 were searched. Of the 1,403 results of the search, only 18 articles, representing 7,507 patients in which PCNL was performed, met the criteria to be included in the analysis. All authors applied antibiotic prophylaxis to all patients and, in some cases, the infection was treated preoperatively in those with positive urine cultures. According to the analysis of the present study, the operative time has been significantly longer in patients who developed SIRS/sepsis post-operatively (P=0.0001) with the highest heterogeneity (I2=91%) compared with other factors. Patients with a positive preoperative urine culture had a significantly higher risk of developing SIRS/sepsis following PCNL (P=0.00001), OD=2.92 (1.82, 4.68) and there was also a high degree of heterogeneity (I2=80%). Performing a multi-tract PCNL also increased the incidence of postoperative SIRS/sepsis (P=0.00001), OD=2.64 (1.78, 3.93) and the heterogeneity was a little smaller (I2=67%). Diabetes mellitus (P=0.004), OD=1.50 (1.14, 1.98), I2=27% and preoperative pyuria (P=0.002), OD=1.75 (1.23, 2.49), I2=20%, were other factors that significantly influenced postoperative evolution. A total of two factors analyzed, body mass index and patient's age, did not influence the outcome, P=0.45, I2=58% and P=0.98, I2=63%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragoş Puia
- Department of Urology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania,Department of Urology, C. I. Parhon Hospital, 700503 Iași, Romania
| | - Ştefan Gheorghincă
- Department of Urology, Neamţ Emergency County Hospital, 610136 Piatra Neamt, Romania,Correspondence to: Dr Ştefan Gheorghincă, Department of Urology, Neamţ Emergency County Hospital, 1-3 Traian Bulevardul, 610136 Piatra Neamt, Romania
| | - George Daniel Radavoi
- Department of Urology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania,Department of Urology, Prof. Dr. Theodor Burghele Clinical Hospital, 050653 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viorel Jinga
- Department of Urology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania,Department of Urology, Prof. Dr. Theodor Burghele Clinical Hospital, 050653 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cătălin Pricop
- Department of Urology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania,Department of Urology, C. I. Parhon Hospital, 700503 Iași, Romania
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11
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Ju SH, Ku BJ. Effects of rosuvastatin/ezetimibe on senescence of CD8+ T-cell in type 2 diabetic patients with hypercholesterolemia: A study protocol. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31691. [PMID: 36451471 PMCID: PMC9704954 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A decade ago, systemic inflammation became widely recognized as an etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and complications thereof. Senescent CD8 + T cells of T2DM patients exhibit increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhanced expression of cytotoxic molecules, contributing to systemic inflammation. Recently, many anti-inflammatory roles played by statins and ezetimibe (cholesterol-lowering drugs) have been reported. We will explore the effects of statin/ezetimibe therapy on CD8 + T cell senescence in patients with T2DM and hypercholesterolemia. METHODS This 2-group, parallel, randomized, controlled clinical trial will recruit 108 subjects with T2DM and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels ≥100 mg/dL and randomly assign them to rosuvastatin/ezetimibe and rosuvastatin groups at a 1:1 ratio. Blood samples will be drawn at baseline and after 12 weeks of medication. The primary outcomes will be the LDL-C-lowering effects after 12 weeks. The secondary outcomes will be changes in the senescent (CD28 - CD57+) CD8 + T cell proportions; the levels of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, cytotoxic molecules, interleukin-1, transforming growth factor-β, fasting glucose, and HbA1c; and biochemical indices of kidney, liver, and muscle function. Symptoms and signs of predictable adverse events (myopathy and hepatitis) will be routinely monitored. DISCUSSION We will evaluate the effects of statin/ezetimibe on CD8 + T cell senescence. Statin/ezetimibe may exert a beneficial immunomodulatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyeon Ju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * Correspondence: Bon Jeong Ku, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 282 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea (e-mail: )
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12
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Olson NC, Doyle MF, Buzkova P, Huber SA, de Boer IH, Sitlani CM, Tracy RP, Psaty BM, Mukamal KJ, Delaney JA. Circulating differentiated and senescent lymphocyte subsets and incident diabetes risk in older adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2022; 6:e384. [PMID: 36333945 PMCID: PMC9836256 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cellular senescence is a feature of aging implicated in the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus (DM). Whether senescent lymphocytes are associated with the future occurrence of DM is uncertain. METHODS We used cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from 1860 Cardiovascular Health Study participants (average age 80.2 years) and flow cytometry immunophenotyping to evaluate the longitudinal relationships of naive (CD45RA+ ), memory (CD45RO+ ), senescent (CD28- ), and T effector memory RA+ (TEMRA) (CD28- CD57+ CD45RA+ ) CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and memory B cells (CD19+ CD27+ ), with the risk of incident DM. In exploratory analyses we evaluated the relationships of 13 additional innate lymphocyte and CD4+ and CD8+ subsets with incident DM risk. RESULTS Over a median follow-up time of 8.9 years, 155 cases of incident DM occurred. In Cox models adjusted for demographic variables (age, sex, race, study site and flow cytometry analytical batch) or diabetes risk factors (demographic variables plus education, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol use, systolic blood pressure, hypertension medication use and physical activity), no significant associations were observed for any CD4+ , CD8+ or CD19+ cell phenotypes with incident DM. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the frequencies of naive, memory and senescent T cells and memory B cells are not strongly associated with incident DM risk in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nels C. Olson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Margaret F. Doyle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Petra Buzkova
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of Washington School of Public HealthSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Sally A. Huber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Ian H. de Boer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA,Kidney Research InstituteUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Colleen M. Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Russell P. Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA,Department of Biochemistry, Larner College of MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVermontUSA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA,Departments of Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Kenneth J. Mukamal
- Department of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA
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13
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Sinha A, Sitlani CM, Doyle MF, Fohner AE, Buzkova P, Floyd JS, Huber SA, Olson NC, Njoroge JN, Kizer JR, Delaney JA, Shah SS, Tracy RP, Psaty B, Feinstein M. Association of immune cell subsets with incident heart failure in two population-based cohorts. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:4177-4188. [PMID: 36097332 PMCID: PMC9773780 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Circulating inflammatory markers are associated with incident heart failure (HF), but prospective data on associations of immune cell subsets with incident HF are lacking. We determined the associations of immune cell subsets with incident HF as well as HF subtypes [with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)]. METHODS AND RESULTS Peripheral blood immune cell subsets were measured in adults from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for demographics, HF risk factors, and cytomegalovirus serostatus were used to evaluate the association of the immune cell subsets with incident HF. The average age of the MESA cohort at the time of immune cell measurements was 63.0 ± 10.4 years with 51% women, and in the CHS cohort, it was 79.6 ± 4.4 years with 62% women. In the meta-analysis of CHS and MESA, a higher proportion of CD4+ T helper (Th) 1 cells (per one standard deviation) was associated with a lower risk of incident HF [hazard ratio (HR) 0.91, (95% CI 0.83-0.99), P = 0.03]. Specifically, higher proportion of CD4+ Th1 cells was significantly associated with a lower risk of HFrEF [HR 0.73, (95% CI 0.62-0.85), <0.001] after correction for multiple testing. No association was observed with HFpEF. No other cell subsets were associated with incident HF. CONCLUSIONS We observed that higher proportions of CD4+ Th1 cells were associated with a lower risk of incident HFrEF in two distinct population-based cohorts, with similar effect sizes in both cohorts demonstrating replicability. Although unexpected, the consistency of this finding across cohorts merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Sinha
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA,Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA
| | - Colleen M. Sitlani
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Margaret F. Doyle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | | | - Petra Buzkova
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - James S. Floyd
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA,Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Sally A. Huber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | - Nels C. Olson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | - Joyce N. Njoroge
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California at San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Jorge R. Kizer
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System and Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and BiostatisticsUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Joseph A. Delaney
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA,College of PharmacyUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Sanjiv S. Shah
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA
| | - Russell P. Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA,Department of Biochemistry, Robert Larner M.D. College of MedicineUniversity of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | - Bruce Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of MedicineUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA,Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA,Department of Health Systems and Population HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Matthew Feinstein
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA,Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA
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14
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Callender LA, Carroll EC, Garrod-Ketchley C, Schroth J, Bystrom J, Berryman V, Pattrick M, Campbell-Richards D, Hood GA, Hitman GA, Finer S, Henson SM. Altered Nutrient Uptake Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Senescent CD8 + EMRA T Cells During Type 2 Diabetes. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 2:681428. [PMID: 35821991 PMCID: PMC9261431 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.681428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial health and cellular metabolism can heavily influence the onset of senescence in T cells. CD8+ EMRA T cells exhibit mitochondrial dysfunction and alterations to oxidative phosphorylation, however, the metabolic properties of senescent CD8+ T cells from people living with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are not known. We show here that mitochondria from T2D CD8+ T cells had a higher oxidative capacity together with increased levels of mitochondrial reactive oxgen species (mtROS), compared to age-matched control cells. While fatty acid uptake was increased, fatty acid oxidation was impaired in T2D CD8+ EMRA T cells, which also showed an accumulation of lipid droplets and decreased AMPK activity. Increasing glucose and fatty acids in healthy CD8+ T cells resulted in increased p-p53 expression and a fragmented mitochondrial morphology, similar to that observed in T2D CD8+ EMRA T cells. The resulting mitochondrial changes are likely to have a profound effect on T cell function. Consequently, a better understanding of these metabolic abnormalities is crucial as metabolic manipulation of these cells may restore correct T cell function and help reduce the impact of T cell dysfunction in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Callender
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth C Carroll
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Conor Garrod-Ketchley
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes Schroth
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonas Bystrom
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Gillian A Hood
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Graham A Hitman
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Finer
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Institute of Population Health Sciences, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sian M Henson
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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15
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BAILIN SS, KUNDU S, WELLONS M, FREIBERG MS, DOYLE MF, TRACY RP, JUSTICE AC, WANJALLA CN, LANDAY AL, SO-ARMAH K, MALLAL S, KROPSKI JA, KOETHE JR. Circulating CD4+ TEMRA and CD4+ CD28- T cells and incident diabetes among persons with and without HIV. AIDS 2022; 36:501-511. [PMID: 34860194 PMCID: PMC8881388 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A higher proportion of circulating memory CD4+ T cells is associated with prevalent diabetes mellitus in persons with HIV (PWH) and HIV-negative persons. We assessed whether circulating T-cell subsets could also identify individuals who will subsequently develop diabetes. DESIGN This is a longitudinal follow-up study of PWH and similar HIV-negative individuals from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study who provided peripheral mononuclear blood cells between 2005 and 2007. METHODS We quantified T-cell subsets using flow cytometry and functional assays to identify CD4+ and CD8+ naive, activated, senescent, memory (central, effector, and effector RA+), and TH1, TH2, and TH17-phenotype cells. The occurrence of an incident diabetes diagnosis (i.e. after baseline blood draw) was adjudicated by a two-physician chart review. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for traditional risk factors, cytomegalovirus serostatus, and plasma inflammatory biomarkers assessed the relationship between T-cell subsets and incident diabetes. RESULTS One thousand, eight hundred and thirty-seven participants (1259 PWH) without diabetes at baseline were included; 69% were black, 95% were men, and median follow-up was 8.6 years. Higher baseline frequencies of CD4+ T effector memory RA+ (TEMRA) cells defined as CD45RA+ CD27- (P = 0.04) and senescent T cells defined as CD4+ CD28- (P = 0.04) were associated with incident diabetes in PWH only. CONCLUSIONS Higher frequencies of CD4+ TEMRA and CD4+ CD28- T cells were associated with incident diabetes in PWH only after adjustment for other factors. Additional studies are necessary to assess whether these cells act in blood via inflammatory mediators or reflect T-cell populations in metabolically active tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S. BAILIN
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Suman KUNDU
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Melissa WELLONS
- Divison of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Matthew S. FREIBERG
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Margaret F. DOYLE
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Russell P. TRACY
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Amy C. JUSTICE
- Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Celestine N. WANJALLA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alan L. LANDAY
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kaku SO-ARMAH
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Simon MALLAL
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Center for Translational Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jonathan A. KROPSKI
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - John R. KOETHE
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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16
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Setoyama D, Lee HY, Moon JS, Tian J, Kang YE, Lee JH, Shong M, Kang D, Yi H. Immunometabolic signatures predict recovery from thyrotoxic myopathy in patients with Graves' disease. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:355-367. [PMID: 34970859 PMCID: PMC8818593 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormone excess induces protein energy wasting, which in turn promotes muscle weakness and bone loss in patients with Graves' disease. Although most studies have confirmed a relationship between thyrotoxicosis and muscle dysfunction, few have measured changes in plasma metabolites and immune cells during the development and recovery from thyrotoxic myopathy. The aim of this study was to identify specific plasma metabolites and T-cell subsets that predict thyrotoxic myopathy recovery in patients with Graves' disease. METHODS One hundred patients (mean age, 40.0 ± 14.2 years; 67.0% female), with newly diagnosed or relapsed Graves' disease were enrolled at the start of methimazole treatment. Handgrip strength and Five Times Sit to Stand Test performance time were measured at Weeks 0, 12, and 24. In an additional 35 patients (mean age, 38.9 ± 13.5 years; 65.7% female), plasma metabolites and immunophenotypes of peripheral blood were evaluated at Weeks 0 and 12, and the results of a short physical performance battery assessment were recorded at the same time. RESULTS In both patient groups, methimazole-induced euthyroidism was associated with improved handgrip strength and lower limb muscle function at 12 weeks. Elevated plasma metabolites including acylcarnitines were restored to normal levels at Week 12 regardless of gender, body mass index, or age (P trend <0.01). Senescent CD8+ CD28- CD57+ T-cell levels in peripheral blood were positively correlated with acylcarnitine levels (P < 0.05) and decreased during thyrotoxicosis recovery (P < 0.05). High levels of senescent CD8+ T cells at Week 0 were significantly associated with small increases in handgrip strength after 12 weeks of methimazole treatment (P < 0.05), but not statistically associated with Five Times Sit to Stand Test performance. CONCLUSIONS Restoring euthyroidism in Graves' disease patients was associated with improved skeletal muscle function and performance, while thyroid hormone-associated changes in plasma acylcarnitines levels correlated with muscle dysfunction recovery. T-cell senescence-related systemic inflammation correlated with plasma acylcarnitine levels and was also associated with small increases in handgrip strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Setoyama
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory MedicineKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
| | - Ho Yeop Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Jingwen Tian
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory MedicineKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Hyon‐Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
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17
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Henson SM, Aksentijevic D. Senescence and Type 2 Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: How Young Can You Die of Old Age? Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:716517. [PMID: 34690759 PMCID: PMC8529062 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.716517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is well understood to be a physiological process of ageing however it also underlies many chronic diseases, including conditions without an obvious pathogenic inflammatory element. Recent findings have unequivocally identified type 2 diabetes (T2D) as a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by inflammation and immune senescence. Immunosenescence is a hallmark of the prolonged low-grade systemic inflammation, in particular associated with metabolic syndrome and can be a cause as well as a consequence of T2D. Diabetes is a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and remodelling and with particular changes to myocardial structure, function, metabolism and energetics collectively resulting in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Both cardiomyocytes and immune cells undergo metabolic remodelling in T2D and as a result become trapped in a vicious cycle of lost metabolic flexibility, thus losing their key adaptive mechanisms to dynamic changes in O2 and nutrient availability. Immunosenescence driven by metabolic stress may be both the cause and key contributing factor to cardiac dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy by inducing metabolic perturbations that can lead to impaired energetics, a strong predictor of cardiac mortality. Here we review our current understanding of the cross-talk between inflammaging and cardiomyocytes in T2D cardiomyopathy. We discuss potential mechanisms of metabolic convergence between cell types which, we hypothesize, might tip the balance between resolution of the inflammation versus adverse cardiac metabolic remodelling in T2D cardiomyopathy. A better understanding of the multiple biological paradigms leading to T2D cardiomyopathy including the immunosenescence associated with inflammaging will provide a powerful target for successful therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian M Henson
- Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dunja Aksentijevic
- Centre for Biochemical Pharmacology, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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18
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Coleman MJ, Zimmerly KM, Yang XO. Accumulation of CD28 null Senescent T-Cells Is Associated with Poorer Outcomes in COVID19 Patients. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101425. [PMID: 34680058 PMCID: PMC8533086 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes infectious disease, and manifests in a wide range of symptoms from asymptomatic to severe illness and even death. Severity of infection is related to many risk factors, including aging and an array of underlying conditions, such as diabetes, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cancer. It remains poorly understood how these conditions influence the severity of COVID-19. Expansion of the CD28null senescent T-cell populations, a common phenomenon in aging and several chronic inflammatory conditions, is associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates in COVID-19. Here, we summarize the potential mechanisms whereby CD28null cells drive adverse outcomes in disease and predispose patients to devastating COVID-19, and discuss possible treatments for individuals with high counts of CD28null senescent T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia J. Coleman
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (M.J.C.); (K.M.Z.)
- Class of 2023, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Kourtney M. Zimmerly
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (M.J.C.); (K.M.Z.)
| | - Xuexian O. Yang
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (M.J.C.); (K.M.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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19
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Shirakawa K, Sano M. T Cell Immunosenescence in Aging, Obesity, and Cardiovascular Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092435. [PMID: 34572084 PMCID: PMC8464832 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although advances in preventive medicine have greatly improved prognosis, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. This clearly indicates that there remain residual cardiovascular risks that have not been targeted by conventional therapies. The results of multiple animal studies and clinical trials clearly indicate that inflammation is the most important residual risk and a potential target for CVD prevention. The immune cell network is intricately regulated to maintain homeostasis. Ageing associated changes to the immune system occurs in both innate and adaptive immune cells, however T cells are most susceptible to this process. T-cell changes due to thymic degeneration and homeostatic proliferation, metabolic abnormalities, telomere length shortening, and epigenetic changes associated with aging and obesity may not only reduce normal immune function, but also induce inflammatory tendencies, a process referred to as immunosenescence. Since the disruption of biological homeostasis by T cell immunosenescence is closely related to the development and progression of CVD via inflammation, senescent T cells are attracting attention as a new therapeutic target. In this review, we discuss the relationship between CVD and T cell immunosenescence associated with aging and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohsuke Shirakawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1138421, Japan;
| | - Motoaki Sano
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-(3)-5363-3874
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20
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Sinha A, Rivera AS, Doyle MF, Sitlani C, Fohner A, Huber SA, Olson NC, Lima JA, Delaney JA, Feinstein MJ, Shah SJ, Tracy RP, Psaty BM. Association of immune cell subsets with cardiac mechanics in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. JCI Insight 2021; 6:149193. [PMID: 34236048 PMCID: PMC8410049 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.149193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundImmunomodulatory therapy may help prevent heart failure (HF). Data on immune cells and myocardial remodeling in older adults with cardiovascular risk factors are limited.MethodsIn the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis cohort, 869 adults had 19 peripheral immune cell subsets measured and underwent cardiac MRI during the baseline exam, of which 321 had assessment of left ventricular global circumferential strain (LV-GCS). We used linear regression with adjustment for demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, and cytomegalovirus serostatus to evaluate the cross-sectional association of immune cell subsets with left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and LV-GCS.ResultsThe average age of the cohort was 61.6 ± 10.0 years and 53% were women. Higher proportions of γ/δ T cells were associated with lower absolute (worse) LV-GCS (-0.105% [95% CI -0.164%, -0.046%] per 1 SD higher proportion of γ/δ T cells, P = 0.0006). This association remained significant after Bonferroni's correction. Higher proportions of classical monocytes were associated with worse absolute LV-GCS (-0.04% [95% CI -0.07%, 0.00%] per 1 SD higher proportion of classical monocytes, P = 0.04). This did not meet significance after Bonferroni's correction. There were no other significant associations with LV-GCS or LVMI.ConclusionPathways associated with γ/δ T cells may be potential targets for immunomodulatory therapy targeted at HF prevention in populations at risk.FundingContracts 75N92020D00001, HHSN268201500003I, N01-HC-95159, 75N92020D00005, N01-HC-95160, 75N92020D00002, N01-HC-95161, 75N92020D00003, N01-HC-95162, 75N92020D00006, N01-HC-95163, 75N92020D00004, N01-HC-95164, 75N92020D00007, N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95166, N01-HC-95167, N01-HC-95168, and N01-HC-95169 and grant R01 HL98077 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/NIH and grants KL2TR001424, UL1-TR-000040, UL1-TR-001079, and UL1-TR-001420 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences/NIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Sinha
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Adovich S. Rivera
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Margaret F. Doyle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Colleen Sitlani
- Department of Medicine
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, and
| | - Alison Fohner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sally A. Huber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Nels C. Olson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Joao A.C. Lima
- Divison of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph A. Delaney
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Matthew J. Feinstein
- Department of Medicine and
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Russel P. Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, The Robert Larner, M.D. College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Department of Medicine
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, and
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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21
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Hu Q, Che G, Yang Y, Xie H, Tian J. Histone Deacetylase 3 Aggravates Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus by Inhibiting Lymphocyte Apoptosis Through the microRNA-296-5p/Bcl-xl Axis. Front Genet 2020; 11:536854. [PMID: 33240312 PMCID: PMC7667129 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.536854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. Multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in T1DM pathogenesis. Although histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) has been reported to be involved in T1DM, the underlying mechanisms remain to be further elucidated. This study was designed to investigate the potential regulatory role of Hdac3 on T1DM progression. The expression of miR-296-5p and B-cell leukemia-XL (BCL-XL) was determined using RT-qPCR and Western blot assay in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with T1DM, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)- and cycloheximide (CHX)-induced cell model, and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model. The binding affinity between miR-296-5p and Bcl-xl was verified by using dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and the binding between Hdac3 and the promoter region of miR-296-5p was validated using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Western blot analysis and flow cytometry were conducted to assess the apoptotic events of lymphocytes. miR-296-5p expression was downregulated while BCL-XL expression was upregulated in PBMCs of patients with T1DM. An adverse correlation was identified between miR-296-5p and Bcl-xl in mouse TE15 B lymphocytes. Bcl-xl was further validated to be targeted and negatively regulated by miR-296-5p in 293 T cells. Hdac3 inhibited miR-296-5p expression by binding to its promoter region. The effects of overexpressed Hdac3 on lymphocyte apoptosis was counterweighed via downregulation of Bcl-xl or upregulation of miR-296-5p, the mechanism of which was further validated in a rat model of DM. Taken together, the Hdac3-mediated upregulation of Bcl-xl via inhibiting miR-296-5p promoter activity enhanced the anti-apoptotic capacity of lymphocytes to accelerate the occurrence of T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibo Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guanghua Che
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongchang Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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22
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Youssef SR, Elsalakawy WA. First report of expansion of CD4 +/CD28 null T-helper lymphocytes in adult patients with idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2020; 43:396-401. [PMID: 32709527 PMCID: PMC8572999 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CD28 null T helper (Th) cells are rare in healthy individuals, but they are increased in various inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. In this study, we determined the size of the CD4+/CD28 null T lymphocyte compartment in the peripheral blood of 40 autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) patients (idiopathic and secondary) and 20 healthy control subjects, using tri-color flow cytometry. The frequency and absolute count of CD4+/CD28 null T helper (Th) cells was significantly higher in idiopathic AIHA patients, compared to healthy controls (p = 0.001 and 0.001, respectively) and to patients with secondary AIHA (p = 0.04 and 0.01, respectively). The percentage of CD4+/CD28 null Th cells was also negatively correlated to the hemoglobin (Hb) level (p = 0.03). These findings demonstrate, for the first time, the expansion of this phenotypically-defined population of T lymphocytes in patients with idiopathic AIHA and indicate that it likely plays an etiological role in the development of this disease. However, establishing the use of this marker for diagnosis or monitoring treatment of such patients needs further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha R Youssef
- Departments of Clinical Pathology, faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo; Egypt
| | - Walaa A Elsalakawy
- Internal Medicine department, Clinical Hematology and BMT unit (2), faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo; Egypt.
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23
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Olson NC, Doyle MF, Sitlani CM, de Boer IH, Rich SS, Huber SA, Landay AL, Tracy RP, Psaty BM, Delaney JA. Associations of Innate and Adaptive Immune Cell Subsets With Incident Type 2 Diabetes Risk: The MESA Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5716851. [PMID: 31990975 PMCID: PMC7049263 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cell-mediated immunity is implicated in glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. Whether the levels of innate and adaptive immune cells in peripheral blood are risk factors for incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unknown. We hypothesized that the proportions of naive, memory, CD28-, Th17, and T regulatory CD4+ cells would be associated with incident T2D. In secondary analyses, we evaluated the relationships of 28 additional immune cell phenotypes with T2D. DESIGN Immune cell phenotypes (n = 33) were measured by flow cytometry using cryopreserved cells collected from 1113 participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) at the baseline examination (2000-2002). Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate associations of immune cell phenotypes with incident T2D over a median follow-up of 9.1 years, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, educational status, and body mass index. RESULTS Incident T2D was observed for 120 participants. None of the cell phenotypes included in the primary hypotheses were significantly associated with T2D (all P > 0.05). Among the secondary immune cells studied, a higher proportion of CD19+CD27+ B cells was associated with a reduced risk of T2D (hazard ratio: 0.72 (95% confidence interval: 0.56, 0.93), per 1-standard deviation (16%) increase). This association was no longer significant after correction for the multiple cell phenotypes tested (P > 0.0015). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the frequencies of several subsets of monocytes, innate lymphocytes, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in circulating blood are not related to the future onset of T2D. Higher levels of CD19+CD27+ B cells may be associated with decreased T2D risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nels C Olson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Margaret F Doyle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Sally A Huber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Alan L Landay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
- Department of Biochemistry, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Joseph A Delaney
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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24
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Tomas L, Bengtsson E, Andersson L, Badn W, Tengryd C, Persson A, Edsfeldt A, Nilsson PM, Schiopu A, Nilsson J, Gonçalves I, Björkbacka H. Low Levels of CD4
+
CD28
null
T Cells at Baseline Are Associated With First-Time Coronary Events in a Prospective Population-Based Case-Control Cohort. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:426-436. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:
CD4
+
CD28
null
T cells have been shown to be associated with recurrent coronary events and suggested as potential biomarker and therapeutic target. It is unknown whether CD4
+
CD28
null
T cells associate with first-time cardiovascular events. We examined CD4
+
CD28
null
T cells in a prospective population-based cohort and in patients with advanced atherosclerosis.
Approach and Results:
CD4
+
CD28
null
T cells were quantified in 272 individuals experiencing a first-time coronary event during up to 17 years of follow-up and 272 age- and sex-matched controls in a case-control study, nested within the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer study. The highest tertile of CD4
+
CD28
null
T cells was associated with a lower incidence of first-time coronary events compared with the lowest tertile (odds ratio, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.29–0.79],
P
=0.004) when adjusting for Framingham risk factors. This association remained significant for events recorded after >9 years of follow-up, when most coronary events occurred, but not during the first 9 years of follow-up, despite similar odds ratio. Additionally, we analyzed CD4
+
CD28
null
T cells in 201 patients with advanced atherosclerosis undergoing carotid endarterectomy. The adjusted hazard ratio for cardiovascular events in patients with advanced atherosclerosis was 2.11 (95% CI, 1.10–4.05,
P
=0.024), comparing the highest with the lowest CD4
+
CD28
null
T-cell tertile.
Conclusions:
Our findings reveal complex associations between CD4
+
CD28
null
T cells and cardiovascular disease. Although we confirm the reported positive associations with an adverse prognosis in patients with already established disease, the opposite associations with first-time coronary events in the population-based cohort may limit the clinical use of CD4
+
CD28
null
T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Tomas
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (L.T., E.B., L.A., W.B., C.T., A.P., A.E., P.M.N., A.S., J.N., I.G., H.B.)
| | - Eva Bengtsson
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (L.T., E.B., L.A., W.B., C.T., A.P., A.E., P.M.N., A.S., J.N., I.G., H.B.)
| | - Linda Andersson
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (L.T., E.B., L.A., W.B., C.T., A.P., A.E., P.M.N., A.S., J.N., I.G., H.B.)
| | - Wiaam Badn
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (L.T., E.B., L.A., W.B., C.T., A.P., A.E., P.M.N., A.S., J.N., I.G., H.B.)
| | - Christoffer Tengryd
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (L.T., E.B., L.A., W.B., C.T., A.P., A.E., P.M.N., A.S., J.N., I.G., H.B.)
| | - Ana Persson
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (L.T., E.B., L.A., W.B., C.T., A.P., A.E., P.M.N., A.S., J.N., I.G., H.B.)
| | - Andreas Edsfeldt
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (L.T., E.B., L.A., W.B., C.T., A.P., A.E., P.M.N., A.S., J.N., I.G., H.B.)
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., A.S, I.G.)
| | - Peter M. Nilsson
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (L.T., E.B., L.A., W.B., C.T., A.P., A.E., P.M.N., A.S., J.N., I.G., H.B.)
| | - Alexandru Schiopu
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (L.T., E.B., L.A., W.B., C.T., A.P., A.E., P.M.N., A.S., J.N., I.G., H.B.)
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., A.S, I.G.)
| | - Jan Nilsson
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (L.T., E.B., L.A., W.B., C.T., A.P., A.E., P.M.N., A.S., J.N., I.G., H.B.)
| | - Isabel Gonçalves
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (L.T., E.B., L.A., W.B., C.T., A.P., A.E., P.M.N., A.S., J.N., I.G., H.B.)
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden (A.E., A.S, I.G.)
| | - Harry Björkbacka
- From the Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden (L.T., E.B., L.A., W.B., C.T., A.P., A.E., P.M.N., A.S., J.N., I.G., H.B.)
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25
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Zarei E, Mohajery H, Aliakbari F, Zadeh FM, Veghari G, Mansourian A. Association of Perforin and Granzyme-B Levels with Hyperandrogenism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Case-Control Study. Pak J Biol Sci 2020; 22:393-399. [PMID: 31930827 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2019.393.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is shown to be associated with hyperandrogenemia and has some features such as cytotoxic T-cells activation and release of perforin and granzyme-B. Present work was aimed to investigate the relation of perforin and granzyme-B to androgenic state in PCOS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty three PCOS and 40 control women were recruited. After recording demographic data, sex hormone status and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors were evaluated. Perforin and granzyme-B levels were measured using sandwich ELISA kits. RESULTS Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels were lower in patients. Luteinizing hormone (LH), free testosterone (FT), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), free androgen index (FAI), perforin and granzyme-B values were higher in PCOS group. Perforin and granzyme-B were positively correlated with FT and FAI and with each other in PCOS group. In patients, granzyme-B and perforin were related with FT and FAI, respectively. CONCLUSION The results of present study together with evidences about the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in insulin resistance, CVD and PCOS suggest that perforin/granzyme-B may be involved in interactions of sex hormones system in PCOS patients.
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26
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T-cell activation and cardiovascular risk in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Immunol 2020; 210:108313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.108313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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27
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Increased frequency of CD4 +CD57 + senescent T cells in patients with newly diagnosed acute heart failure: exploring new pathogenic mechanisms with clinical relevance. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12887. [PMID: 31501486 PMCID: PMC6733929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49332-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent animal studies showed T cells have a direct pathogenic role in the development of heart failure (HF). However, which subsets of T cells contribute to human HF pathogenesis and progression remains unclear. We characterized immunologic properties of various subsets of T cells and their clinical implications in human HF. Thirty-eight consecutive patients with newly diagnosed acute HF (21 males, mean age 66 ± 16 years) and 38 healthy control subjects (21 males, mean age 62 ± 12 years) were enrolled. We found that pro-inflammatory mediators, including CRP, IL-6 and IP-10 and the frequencies of CD57+ T cells in the CD4+ T cell population were significantly elevated in patients with acute HF compared to control subjects. A functional analysis of T cells from patients with acute HF revealed that the CD4+CD57+ T cell population exhibited a higher frequency of IFN-γ- and TNF-α- producing cells compared to the CD4+CD57− T cell population. Furthermore, the frequency of CD4+CD57+ T cells at baseline and its elevation at the six-month follow-up were significantly related with the development of cardiovascular (CV) events, which were defined as CV mortality, cardiac transplantation, or rehospitalization due to HF exacerbation. In conclusion, CD4+CD57+ senescent T cells showed more inflammatory features and polyfunctionality and were associated with clinical outcome in patients with acute HF. More detailed study for senescent T cells might offer new opportunities for the prevention and treatment of human HF.
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28
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ElAlfy MS, Adly AAM, Ebeid FSE, Eissa DS, Ismail EAR, Mohammed YH, Ahmed ME, Saad AS. Immunological role of CD4 +CD28 null T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and interferon-gamma in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease: relation to disease severity and response to therapy. Immunol Res 2019; 66:480-490. [PMID: 29926339 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-018-9010-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with alterations in immune phenotypes. CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes have pro-inflammatory functions and are linked to vascular diseases. To assess the percentage of CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes, natural killer cells (NK), and IFN-gamma levels, we compared 40 children and adolescents with SCD with 40 healthy controls and evaluated their relation to disease severity and response to therapy. Patients with SCD steady state were studied, focusing on history of frequent vaso-occlusive crisis, hydroxyurea therapy, and IFN-gamma levels. Analysis of CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes and NK cells was done by flow cytometry. Liver and cardiac iron overload were assessed. CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes, NK cells, and IFN-gamma levels were significantly higher in patients than controls. Patients with history of frequent vaso-occlusive crisis and those with vascular complications had higher percentage of CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes and IFN-gamma while levels were significantly lower among hydroxyurea-treated patients. CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes were positively correlated to transfusional iron input while these cells and IFN-gamma were negatively correlated to cardiac T2* and duration of hydroxyurea therapy. NK cells were correlated to HbS and indirect bilirubin. Increased expression of CD4+CD28null T lymphocytes highlights their role in immune dysfunction and pathophysiology of SCD complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Saleh ElAlfy
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Deena Samir Eissa
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Manar Elsayed Ahmed
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya Sayed Saad
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, M.U.S.T. University, Cairo, Egypt
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29
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Rattik S, Engelbertsen D, Wigren M, Ljungcrantz I, Östling G, Persson M, Nordin Fredrikson G, Bengtsson E, Nilsson J, Björkbacka H. Elevated circulating effector memory T cells but similar levels of regulatory T cells in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2019; 16:270-280. [PMID: 30574794 DOI: 10.1177/1479164118817942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease, but the mechanism through which diabetes contributes to cardiovascular disease development remains incompletely understood. In this study, we compared the association of circulating regulatory T cells, naïve T cells, effector memory T cells or central memory T cells with cardiovascular disease in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Percentage of circulating T cell subsets was analysed by flow cytometry in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects with and without prevalent cardiovascular disease as well as in non-diabetic subjects with and without prevalent cardiovascular disease from the Malmö SUMMIT cohort. Subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus had elevated percentages of effector memory T cells (CD4+CD45RO+CD62L-; 21.8% ± 11.2% vs 17.0% ± 9.2% in non-type 2 diabetes mellitus, p < 0.01) and central memory T cells (CD4+CD45RO+CD62L+; 38.0% ± 10.7% vs 36.0% ± 9.5% in non-type 2 diabetes mellitus, p < 0.01). In contrast, the frequency of naïve T cells was reduced (CD4+CD45RO-CD62L+, 35.0% ± 16.5% vs 42.9% ± 14.4% in non-type 2 diabetes mellitus, p < 0.001). The proportion of effector memory T cells was increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects with cardiovascular disease as compared to those without (26.4% ± 11.5% vs 18.4% ± 10.2%, p < 0.05), while no difference in regulatory T cells was observed between these two patient groups. This study identifies effector memory T cells as a potential cellular biomarker for cardiovascular disease among subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus, suggesting a state of exacerbated immune activation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rattik
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Daniel Engelbertsen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria Wigren
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Irena Ljungcrantz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gerd Östling
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Margaretha Persson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Eva Bengtsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Harry Björkbacka
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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30
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Yi HS, Kim SY, Kim JT, Lee YS, Moon JS, Kim M, Kang YE, Joung KH, Lee JH, Kim HJ, Chun K, Shong M, Ku BJ. T-cell senescence contributes to abnormal glucose homeostasis in humans and mice. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:249. [PMID: 30867412 PMCID: PMC6416326 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1494-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a driving force for the development of metabolic disease including diabetes and obesity. However, the functional characteristics of T-cell senescence in the abnormal glucose homeostasis are not fully understood. We studied the patients visiting a hospital for routine health check-ups, who were divided into two groups: normal controls and people with prediabetes. Gene expression profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal controls and patients with type 2 diabetes was undertaken using microarray analysis. We also investigated the immunometabolic characteristics of peripheral and hepatic senescent T cells in the normal subjects and patients with prediabetes. Moreover, murine senescent T cells were tested functionally in the liver of normal or mice with metabolic deterioration caused by diet-induced obesity. Human senescent (CD28-CD57+) CD8+ T cells are increased in the development of diabetes and proinflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic molecules are highly expressed in senescent T cells from patients with prediabetes. Moreover, we demonstrate that patients with prediabetes have higher concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in their senescent CD8+ T cells via enhancing capacity to use glycolysis. These functional properties of senescent CD8+ T cells contribute to the impairment of hepatic insulin sensitivity in humans. Furthermore, we found an increase of hepatic senescent T cells in mouse models of aging and diet-induced obesity. Adoptive transfer of senescent CD8+ T cells also led to a significant deterioration in systemic abnormal glucose homeostasis, which is improved by ROS scavengers in mice. This study defines a new clinically relevant concept of T-cell senescence-mediated inflammatory responses in the pathophysiology of abnormal glucose homeostasis. We also found that T-cell senescence is associated with systemic inflammation and alters hepatic glucose homeostasis. The rational modulation of T-cell senescence would be a promising avenue for the treatment or prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyon-Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyo Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, 79, Gangnam-ro, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 660-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangsik Chun
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Lee YH, Kim SR, Han DH, Yu HT, Han YD, Kim JH, Kim SH, Lee CJ, Min BH, Kim DH, Kim KH, Cho JW, Lee WW, Shin EC, Park S. Senescent T Cells Predict the Development of Hyperglycemia in Humans. Diabetes 2019; 68:156-162. [PMID: 30389747 DOI: 10.2337/db17-1218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Senescent T cells have been implicated in chronic inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we explored the relationship between senescent T cells and glycemic status in a cohort of 805 participants by investigating the frequency of CD57+ or CD28null senescent T cells in peripheral blood. Participants with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) with follow-up data (N = 149) were included to determine whether hyperglycemia (prediabetes or type 2 diabetes) developed during follow-up (mean 2.3 years). CD8+CD57+ and CD8+CD28null T-cell frequencies were significantly higher in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes compared with NGT. Increased CD57+ or CD28null cells in the CD8+ T-cell subset were independently associated with hyperglycemia. Furthermore, among participants with baseline NGT, the frequency of CD8+CD57+ T cells was an independent predictor of hyperglycemia development. Immunofluorescent analyses confirmed that CD8+CD57+ T-cell infiltration was increased in visceral adipose tissue of patients with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes compared with those with NGT. Our data suggest that increased frequency of senescent CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood is associated with development of hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ho Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Endocrine Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Systems Biology, Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So Ra Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Dai Hoon Han
- Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Tae Yu
- Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Dae Han
- Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chan Joo Lee
- Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byoung-Hoon Min
- Xenotransplantation Research Center, Institute of Endemic Disease and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin Won Cho
- Department of Systems Biology, Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won-Woo Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, and Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sungha Park
- Severance Hospital, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Cardiology Division, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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32
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Alecsandru D, Barrio A, Andia V, Cruz E, Aparicio P, Serna J, Cruz M, Pellicer A, Garcia-Velasco JA. Pancreatic autoimmunity: An unknown etiology on patients with assisted reproductive techniques (ART)-recurrent reproductive failure. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203446. [PMID: 30346951 PMCID: PMC6197630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic Autoimmunity is defined as the presence of autoantibodies and more frequent need for insulin treatment. Affected women presenting recurrent implantation failure (RIF) or recurrent miscarriage (RM) are often misdiagnosed. The objective of thestudy was to describe clinical and metabolic profiles suggestive of Pancreatic Autoimmunity and therapeutic strategy in patients with RIF/RM. We analyzed retrospectively 735 patients, and have identified a subset (N = 20) with similar metabolic characteristics. At the same time, we included a control group (n = 39), with similar demographic characteristics and negative for pancreatic, thyroid or celiac disease autoimmunity. The patients identified with autoimmune metabolic problem (N = 20) had relatives with diabetes mellitus. At 120 minutes after Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) low level of insulin secretion (<2 IU/ml) was found in 70% of patients. Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD 65) antibodies, with or without other autoantibodies, were positive in80% of patients and anti-IA2 alone were positive I the rest. Since pregestational period, insulin administration was recommended for 10 patients, metformin for 4 patients and exclusively diet control in 5 of them. Significantly increased live bith rates (LBR) per cycle were observed after metabolic control (52%) compared with live birth rate (LBR) after cycles without control (7.5%) (p<0.0001). We noticed 2 cases of pre-eclampsia and 6 low-birth weights. Insulin administration was needed during the pregnancy in 68% of patients and after childbirth in 31.57% of them. In our control group, all of patients (n = 39) underwent ART (53.8% SET and 46.1% DET) with a 50% (SET) and 61.9% (DET) live birth rate (LBR) per cycle. Patients with RIF/RM, normal BMI, low insulin levels after OGTT could benefit from additional metabolic immune testing. A correct diagnosis and treatment could have a positive impact on their reproductive results and live birth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Alecsandru
- Department of Immunology and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Valentian Infertility Institute (IVI), IVI RMA, Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Ana Barrio
- Department of Immunology and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Valentian Infertility Institute (IVI), IVI RMA, Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Andia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Gregorio Marañon University Hospital, Madrid
| | - Edgar Cruz
- Valencian Infertility Institute (IVI), IVI RMA, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Aparicio
- Department of Immunology and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Valentian Infertility Institute (IVI), IVI RMA, Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Serna
- Valencian Infertility Institute (IVI), IVI RMA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Maria Cruz
- Valencian Infertility Institute (IVI), IVI RMA, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Antonio Garcia-Velasco
- Department of Immunology and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Valentian Infertility Institute (IVI), IVI RMA, Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
The diminished capacity for wound healing in patients with diabetes contributes to morbidity through ulceration and recurrent infections, loss of function and decreased workplace productivity, increased hospitalisation rates, and rising health-care costs. These are due to diabetes' effects on signalling molecules, cellular cascades, different cell populations, and the vasculature. The function of multiple immune system components including cellular response, blood factors, and vascular tone are all negatively impacted by diabetes. The purpose of this paper is to review the current understanding of immune and vascular dysfunction contributing to impaired wound healing mechanisms in the diabetic population. Normal wound healing mechanisms are reviewed followed by diabetic aberrations to immune and inflammatory function and atherogenesis and angiopathy. DECLARATION OF INTEREST The authors have no financial or personal relationships to people or organisations that could potentially and inappropriately influence their work and conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Ahmed
- Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - E L Antonsen
- Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030.,Department of Medicine - Section of Emergency Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas.,Department of Medicine - Section of Space Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas
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34
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Mohajeri M, Banach M, Atkin SL, Butler AE, Ruscica M, Watts GF, Sahebkar A. MicroRNAs: Novel Molecular Targets and Response Modulators of Statin Therapy. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2018; 39:967-981. [PMID: 30249403 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death globally. Addressing cardiovascular risk factors, particularly dyslipidemia, represents the most robust clinical strategy towards reducing the CVD burden. Statins inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase and represent the main therapeutic approach for lowering cholesterol and reducing plaque formation/rupture. The protective effects of statins extend beyond lowering cholesterol. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs), small noncoding regulatory RNAs, likely mediate the positive pleiotropic effects of statins via modulation of lipid metabolism, enhancement of endothelial function, inhibition of inflammation, improvement of plaque stability, and immune regulation. miRNAs are implicated in statin-related interindividual variations in therapeutic response, directly via HMG-CoA reductase, or indirectly through targeting cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) functionality and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type9 (PCSK9) biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mohajeri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, WAM University Hospital Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, Lodz, Poland; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona-Gora, Poland
| | | | - Alexandra E Butler
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Massimiliano Ruscica
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gerald F Watts
- Lipid Disorders Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Australia; School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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35
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Ruggio A, Pedicino D, Flego D, Vergallo R, Severino A, Lucci C, Niccoli G, Trani C, Burzotta F, Aurigemma C, Leone AM, Buffon A, D'Aiello A, Biasucci LM, Crea F, Liuzzo G. Correlation between CD4 +CD28 null T lymphocytes, regulatory T cells and plaque rupture: An Optical Coherence Tomography study in Acute Coronary Syndromes. Int J Cardiol 2018; 276:289-292. [PMID: 30217424 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.08.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A sizeable proportion of patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) shows a unique adaptive immune system profile, associated to a worse outcome, characterized by higher CD4+CD28null T-cells, lower regulatory T-cells (Treg) and increased CD4+CD28null/Treg ratio. We sought to investigate the correlation between CD4+CD28null T-cells, Treg, CD4+CD28null/Treg ratio and plaque phenotype as assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from 30 Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) patients, sub-grouped according to OCT analysis of culprit lesions into two cohorts: Ruptured Fibrous Cap (NSTEMI-RFC, n = 12) and Intact Fibrous Cap (NSTEMI-IFC, n = 18). Stable Angina patients (SA, n = 18) were used as controls. We examined the frequency of CD4+CD28null and Treg (defined as CD4+CD25highCD127lowFoxp3+ T-cells) by flow-cytometry. RESULTS CD4+CD28null frequency (median, range) was significantly higher in NSTEMI-RFC patients (17.3%, 12.5-33.8) as compared with NSTEMI-IFC (3.8%, 0.3-14.1) and SA (3%, 0.6-17.7) (P < 0.001 for all comparisons). We also found a higher CD4+CD28null/Treg ratio in NSTEMI-RFC patients (6.6%, 3.7-13.9) than in NSTEMI-IFC (1.6%, 0.3-5.2) and SA (1.2%, 0.3-8.7) (P < 0.001 for all comparisons). Finally, there was an inverse correlation between CD4+CD28null/Treg ratio and cap-thickness (R = -0.44; P = 0.002). CONCLUSION Patients with NSTEMI presenting with RFC as culprit lesion at OCT evaluation have a specific perturbation of adaptive immunity, mostly involving CD4+CD28null T- cells and Tregs, as compared with patients with IFC and SA. This specific imbalance of T-cells might play a key role in fibrous cap thinning, predisposing atherosclerotic plaque to rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aureliano Ruggio
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Pedicino
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Flego
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Vergallo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Severino
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Lucci
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Niccoli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Trani
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Burzotta
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Aurigemma
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Maria Leone
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonino Buffon
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia D'Aiello
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Marzio Biasucci
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Liuzzo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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Van Laecke S, Malfait T, Schepers E, Van Biesen W. Cardiovascular disease after transplantation: an emerging role of the immune system. Transpl Int 2018; 31:689-699. [PMID: 29611220 DOI: 10.1111/tri.13160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) after transplantation remains a major concern. Little is known about what drives the increased cardiovascular risk in transplant recipients apart from traditional risk factors. The immune system is involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease in the general population. Recently, inhibition of interleukin 1 - β by canakinumab versus placebo decreased the incidence of cardiovascular events. Emerging evidence points to a role of adaptive cellular immunity in the development of CVD. Especially, expansion of pro-inflammatory and antiapoptotic cytotoxic CD4+ CD28null T cells is closely associated with incident CVD in various study populations including transplant recipients. The association of cytomegalovirus exposure with increased cardiovascular mortality might be explained by its capacity to upregulate these cytotoxic cells. Also, humoral immunity seems to be relevant for cardiovascular outcome in transplant recipients. Panel-reactive antibodies at baseline and donor-specific antibodies are independently associated with poor cardiovascular outcome after kidney transplantation. Cardiovascular effects of immunosuppressive drugs and statins do not only imply indirect positive or negative effects on traditional cardiovascular risk factors but also intrinsic immunological effects. How immunosuppressive drugs modify atherosclerosis largely remains elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Malfait
- Renal Division, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva Schepers
- Renal Division, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Biesen
- Renal Division, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Zhong JX, Chen J, Rao X, Duan L. Dichotomous roles of co-stimulatory molecules in diabetes mellitus. Oncotarget 2018; 9:2902-2911. [PMID: 29416823 PMCID: PMC5788691 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have established the importance of immune dysfunction in the development of diabetes mellitus, including typ1 and typ2 diabetes, and it is worth noting that T cell activation acts a key role in the pathogenesis of loss of β cell mass, adipose inflammation and insulin resistance. Regarding as an important checkpoint in the process of T cell activation, co-stimulatory molecules interaction between antigen present cells and T cells have been identified the critical role in the development of diabetes mellitus. Thus, blockage of co-stimulatory dyads interaction between antigen present cells and T cells was supposed to a potential of therapeutic strategies. However, studies also showed that inhibition or deletion of some co-stimulatory molecules do not always reduce the development of diabetes, and even exacerbate the disease activity. Here, in this context, we highlight the dichotomous role of co-stimulatory molecules interaction in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Xin Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, China 430061
| | - Jie Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA 44106
- Basic Medical Department of Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 361102
| | - Xiaoquan Rao
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA 44106
| | - Lihua Duan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China 361003
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review focuses on the complex relationship between inflammation and the onset of acute coronary syndrome and heart failure. RECENT FINDINGS In the last few years, two important lines of research brought new and essential information to light in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome: a) the understanding of the immune mediate mechanisms of inflammation in Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) and b) evidence that the inflammatory mechanisms associated with atherosclerosis and its complications can be modulated by anti-inflammatory molecules. A large amount of data also suggests that inflammation is a major component in the development and exacerbation of heart failure (HF), in a symbiotic relationship. In particular, recent evidence underlies peculiar aspects of the phenomenon: oxidative stress and autophagy; DAMPS and TLR-4 signaling activation; different macrophages lineage and the contribution of NLRP-3 inflammasome; adaptive immune system. A possible explanation that could unify the pathogenic mechanism of these different conditions is the rising evidence that increased bowel permeability may allow translation of gut microbioma product into the circulation. These findings clearly establish the role of inflammation as the great trigger for two of the major cardiovascular causes of death and morbidity. Further studies are needed, to better clarify the issue and to define more targeted approaches to reduce pathological inflammation while preserving the physiological one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi M Biasucci
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulio La Rosa
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Pedicino
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia D'Aiello
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Galli
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Liuzzo
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
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El-Samahy MH, Tantawy AAG, Adly AAM, Habeeb NM, Ismail EAR, Hamed GM, Eladawy R. Expression of CD4 + CD28 null T lymphocytes in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Relation to microvascular complications, aortic elastic properties, and carotid intima media thickness. Pediatr Diabetes 2017; 18:785-793. [PMID: 28102614 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular risk in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and altered immunity. CD4+ CD28null T-cells are a subset of long-lived cytotoxic CD4+ T-lymphocytes with proatherogenic and plaque-destabilizing properties. We hypothesized that the frequency of CD4+ CD28null T-cells may be altered in T1DM and related to vascular complications. AIM To assess the percentage of CD4+ CD28null T-lymphocytes in children and adolescents with T1DM and their relation to vascular structure and glycemic control. METHODS Totally 100 patients with T1DM were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of microvascular complications and compared with 50 healthy controls. CD4+ CD28null T-lymphocytes were analyzed using flow cytometry. Aortic elastic properties and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) were assessed. RESULTS Aortic stiffness index and CIMT were significantly higher among patients compared with healthy controls while aortic strain and distensibility were decreased. The percentage of CD4+ CD28null T-cells was significantly higher in patients with and without microvascular complications compared with controls. High frequency of CD4+ CD28null T-cells was found among patients with microalbuminuria or peripheral neuropathy. Patients with CD4+ CD28null T-cells ≥10% had higher HbA1c, urinary albumin creatinine ratio, aortic stiffness, and CIMT. CD4+ CD28null T-cells were positively correlated to HbA1c, aortic stiffness index, and CIMT. CONCLUSIONS Changes in aortic elastic properties and increased CIMT among young patients with T1DM may enable the recognition of preclinical cardiac impairment. The correlation between CD4+ CD28null T-cells and assessed parameters of vascular structure highlights the role of altered immune response in the occurrence of diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona H El-Samahy
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza A G Tantawy
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira A M Adly
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nevin M Habeeb
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman A R Ismail
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gehan M Hamed
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha Eladawy
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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40
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Severino A, Zara C, Campioni M, Flego D, Angelini G, Pedicino D, Giglio AF, Trotta F, Giubilato S, Pazzano V, Lucci C, Iaconelli A, Ruggio A, Biasucci LM, Crea F, Liuzzo G. Atorvastatin inhibits the immediate-early response gene EGR1 and improves the functional profile of CD4+T-lymphocytes in acute coronary syndromes. Oncotarget 2017; 8:17529-17550. [PMID: 28407684 PMCID: PMC5392205 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background- Adaptive immune-response is associated with a worse outcome in acute coronary syndromes. Statins have anti-inflammatory activity beyond lowering lipid levels. We investigated the effects of ex-vivo and in-vivo atorvastatin treatment in acute coronary syndromes on CD4+T-cells, and the underlying molecular mechanisms.Approach and results- Blood samples were collected from 50 statin-naïve acute coronary syndrome patients. We assessed CD4+T-cell activation by flow-cytometry, the expression of 84 T-helper transcription-factors and 84 T-cell related genes by RT-qPCR, and protein expression by Western-blot, before and after 24-hours incubation with increasing doses of atorvastatin: 3-10-26 μg/ml (corresponding to blood levels achieved with doses of 10-40-80 mg, respectively). After incubation, we found a significant decrease in interferon-γ-producing CD4+CD28nullT-cells (P = 0.009) and a significant increase in interleukin-10-producing CD4+CD25highT-cells (P < 0.001). Atorvastatin increased the expression of 2 genes and decreased the expression of 12 genes (in particular, EGR1, FOS,CCR2 and toll like receptor-4; >3-fold changes).The in-vivo effects of atorvastatin were analyzed in 10 statin-free acute coronary syndrome patients at baseline, and after 24h and 48h of atorvastatin therapy (80 mg/daily): EGR1-gene expression decreased at 24h (P = 0.01) and 48h (P = 0.005); EGR1-protein levels decreased at 48h (P = 0.03).Conclusions-In acute coronary syndromes, the effects of atorvastatin on immune system might be partially related to the inhibition of the master regulator gene EGR1. Our finding might offer a causal explanation on why statins improve the early outcome in acute coronary syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Severino
- Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Zara
- Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Campioni
- Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Flego
- Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Claudia Lucci
- Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Filippo Crea
- Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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41
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Yu HT, Youn JC, Kim JH, Seong YJ, Park SH, Kim HC, Lee WW, Park S, Shin EC. Arterial Stiffness Is Associated With Cytomegalovirus-Specific Senescent CD8 + T Cells. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.117.006535. [PMID: 28847915 PMCID: PMC5634298 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Arterial stiffness is a well‐known predictor of future cardiovascular events. Search for the underlying mechanism of arterial stiffening is still under way. We investigated the relationship between arterial stiffness and cytomegalovirus infection in terms of T‐cell senescence. Methods and Results Arterial stiffness was evaluated using pulse wave velocity measurements in 415 Koreans (age 59±12 years). We also investigated the frequency of CD57+ or CD28null senescent T cells in peripheral blood lymphocytes and analyzed which immune parameters were correlated with pulse wave velocity. Furthermore, cytomegalovirus‐specific T cells were stimulated with overlapping peptides covering pp65 protein, and T‐cell function was evaluated by intracellular cytokine staining of interferon‐γ, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and CD107a. In a multivariate analysis, it was found that the frequency of CD57+ cells in the CD8+ T‐cell subset was independently correlated with pulse wave velocity after adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as age, sex, diabetes mellitus history, smoking history, body mass index, blood pressure, serum creatinine, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein. Cytomegalovirus pp65‐specific T cells were more frequently observed in the CD8+CD57+ population than in the CD8+CD57− population, and multivariate analysis revealed that the frequency of cytomegalovirus pp65‐specific interferon‐γ+, tumor necrosis factor‐α+, or CD107a+ cells in the CD8+ T‐cell subset was independently correlated with pulse wave velocity as well. Conclusions We demonstrate that arterial stiffness is associated with senescent CD57+ T cells and CMV pp65‐specific T cells in the CD8+ T‐cell subset. The precise role of cytomegalovirus‐specific, senescent T cells in vascular aging needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Tae Yu
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea.,Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Youn
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea.,Division of Cardiology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hwaseong, Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Kim
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yeon-Jae Seong
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Su-Hyung Park
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology and Vaccinology, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Woo Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungha Park
- Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
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42
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Meeuwsen JAL, Wesseling M, Hoefer IE, de Jager SCA. Prognostic Value of Circulating Inflammatory Cells in Patients with Stable and Acute Coronary Artery Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2017; 4:44. [PMID: 28770211 PMCID: PMC5509763 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2017.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a lipid driven chronic inflammatory disease underlying the majority of ischemic events such as myocardial infarction or stroke. Clinical management of ischemic events has improved considerably in the past decades. Accordingly, survival rates have increased. Nevertheless, 12% of patients die within 6 months after the initial event. To improve secondary prevention, appropriate risk prediction is key. However, up to date, there is no clinically available routine marker to identify patients at high risk for recurrent cardiovascular events. Due to the central role of inflammation in atherosclerotic lesion progression and destabilization, many studies have focused on the role of circulating inflammatory cells in these processes. This review summarizes the current evidence on the potential of circulating inflammatory cells as biomarkers for recurrent adverse manifestations in acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A L Meeuwsen
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marian Wesseling
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Imo E Hoefer
- Laboratory for Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Saskia C A de Jager
- Laboratory for Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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43
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Broadley I, Pera A, Morrow G, Davies KA, Kern F. Expansions of Cytotoxic CD4 +CD28 - T Cells Drive Excess Cardiovascular Mortality in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Other Chronic Inflammatory Conditions and Are Triggered by CMV Infection. Front Immunol 2017; 8:195. [PMID: 28303136 PMCID: PMC5332470 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A large proportion of cardiovascular (CV) pathology results from immune-mediated damage, including systemic inflammation and cellular proliferation, which cause a narrowing of the blood vessels. Expansions of cytotoxic CD4+ T cells characterized by loss of CD28 (“CD4+CD28− T cells” or “CD4+CD28null cells”) are closely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), in particular coronary artery damage. Direct involvement of these cells in damaging the vasculature has been demonstrated repeatedly. Moreover, CD4+CD28− T cells are significantly increased in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other autoimmune conditions. It is striking that expansions of this subset beyond 1–2% occur exclusively in CMV-infected people. CMV infection itself is known to increase the severity of autoimmune diseases, in particular RA and has also been linked to increased vascular pathology. A review of the recent literature on immunological changes in CVD, RA, and CMV infection provides strong evidence that expansions of cytotoxic CD4+CD28− T cells in RA and other chronic inflammatory conditions are limited to CMV-infected patients and driven by CMV infection. They are likely to be responsible for the excess CV mortality observed in these situations. The CD4+CD28− phenotype convincingly links CMV infection to CV mortality based on a direct cellular-pathological mechanism rather than epidemiological association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain Broadley
- Division of Medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School , Brighton , UK
| | - Alejandra Pera
- Division of Medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK; Department of Immunology, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - George Morrow
- Division of Medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School , Brighton , UK
| | - Kevin A Davies
- Division of Medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School , Brighton , UK
| | - Florian Kern
- Division of Medicine, Brighton and Sussex Medical School , Brighton , UK
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44
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Flego D, Liuzzo G, Weyand CM, Crea F. Adaptive Immunity Dysregulation in Acute Coronary Syndromes: From Cellular and Molecular Basis to Clinical Implications. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; 68:2107-2117. [PMID: 27810051 PMCID: PMC5651170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although the early outcome of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has considerably improved in the last decade, cardiovascular diseases still represent the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This is mainly because recurrence of ACS eventually leads to the pandemics of heart failure and sudden cardiac death, thus calling for a reappraisal of the mechanisms responsible for coronary instability. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of how adaptive immunity contributes to the pathogenesis of ACS and the clinical implications that arise from these new pathogenic concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Flego
- Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Cornelia M Weyand
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Filippo Crea
- Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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45
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Firth C, Harrison R, Ritchie S, Wardlaw J, Ferro C, Starr J, Deary I, Moss P. Cytomegalovirus infection is associated with an increase in systolic blood pressure in older individuals. QJM 2016; 109:595-600. [PMID: 27071749 PMCID: PMC5027953 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcw026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a chronic infection that is widely distributed in the population. CMV infects a range of tissues, including endothelium, and viral replication is suppressed by the host immune system. Infection is associated with increased risk of mortality from vascular disease in older people, but the mechanisms behind this have not been determined. AIM We investigated the association between CMV infection and cardiovascular phenotype in a cohort of healthy elderly donors. DESIGN CMV serostatus and cardiovascular parameters were determined in the Lothian Birth cohort, which comprises 1091 individuals aged 70 years in whom many environmental, biochemical and radiological correlates of vascular function have been determined. METHODS CMV serostatus was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay and correlated with a range of biochemical and phenotypic measures. RESULTS Sixty-five percent of participants were CMV seropositive, which indicates chronic infection. The mean sitting systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 149.2 mmHg in CMV seropositive individuals compared with 146.2 mmHg in CMV seronegative subjects (SD 18.7 vs. 19.7; P < 0.017). This association between CMV infection and SBP was not attenuated after adjustment for a wide range of biological and socio-economic factors. CONCLUSIONS These data show that CMV infection is associated with an increase in SBP in individuals at age 70 years. The magnitude is comparable to environmental variables such as obesity, diabetes or high salt intake. This is the first evidence to show that a chronic infection may be an important determinant of blood pressure and could have significant implications for the future management of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Firth
- From the Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
| | - R. Harrison
- Geriatric Medicine Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16, 4SB UK
| | - S. Ritchie
- Geriatric Medicine Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16, 4SB UK
| | - J. Wardlaw
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C.J. Ferro
- University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2WB UK
| | - J.M. Starr
- Geriatric Medicine Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16, 4SB UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - I.J. Deary
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - P. Moss
- From the Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT UK
- University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2WB UK
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46
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Abdullah CS, Li Z, Wang X, Jin ZQ. Depletion of T lymphocytes ameliorates cardiac fibrosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 39:251-264. [PMID: 27494688 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
T cell infiltration has been associated with increased coronary heart disease risk in patients with diabetes mellitus. Effect of modulation of T cell trafficking on diabetes-induced cardiac fibrosis has yet to be determined. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the circulatory T cell depletion-mediated cardioprotection in streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy. Fingolimod (FTY720), an immunomodulatory drug, was tested in wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 and recombination activating gene 1 (Rag1) knockout (KO) mice without mature lymphocytes in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic model. FTY720 (0.3mg/kg/day) was administered intraperitoneally daily for the first 4weeks with interim 3weeks then resumed for another 4weeks in 11weeks study period. T lymphocyte counts, cardiac histology, function, and fibrosis were examined in diabetic both WT and KO mice. FTY720 reduced both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in diabetic WT mice. FTY720-treated diabetic WT mouse myocardium showed reduction in CD3 T cell infiltration and decreased expression of S1P1 and TGF-β1 in cardiac tissue. Fibrosis was reduced after FTY720 treatment in diabetic WT mice. Rag1 KO mice exhibited no CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the blood and CD3 T cells in the heart. Diabetic Rag1 KO mouse hearts appeared no fibrosis and exhibited preserved myocardial contractility. FTY720-induced antifibrosis was abolished in diabetic Rag1 KO mice. These findings demonstrate that chronic administration with FTY720 induces lymphopenia and protects diabetic hearts in WT mice whereas FTY720 increases cardiac fibrosis and myocardial dysfunction in diabetic Rag1 KO mice without mature lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chowdhury S Abdullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Xiuqing Wang
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Zhu-Qiu Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical & Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA.
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47
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Aberrant NKG2D expression with IL-17 production of CD4+ T subsets in patients with type 2 diabetes. Immunobiology 2016; 222:944-951. [PMID: 27168217 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a systemic inflammatory disease. Although the natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) receptor, was not expressed normally on CD4+ T cells, the aberrant expression was found in pathological conditions such as in auto-immune diseases. However, the involvement of NKG2D in pathogenesis of T2D is unclear. We hypothesize that there is an inflammatory CD4+ T cell subpopulation expressing NKG2D and producing interleukin (IL)-17 in T2D. NKG2D expression on CD4+ T cells and their subsets were analyzed by multi-color staining using flow cytometry. Lymphocytes were activated by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin, and were stained for intracellular IL-17. To investigate the mechanism of IL-17 production, patients' lymphocytes were stimulated using specific anti-T cell receptor (TCR) alone, anti-NKG2D alone or a combination of the two antibodies. CD4+ T cells and particularly, CD4+CD28nullT subset of T2D patients were highly expressed NKG2D and more prevalent compared to non-diabetic individuals (ND) (P=0.039 and P=0.022, respectively). Significantly higher percentages of CD4+CD28nullNKG2D+T cells of patients produced IL-17 when compared to those of ND (P=0.024) and were positively correlated with the level of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (R2=0.386, P=0.041). Additionally, this cell population could be stimulated by specific monoclonal anti-NKG2D to produce IL-17. In conclusion, CD4+CD28nullNKG2D+T cells were expanded in T2D, especially in patients with poor glycemic control. NKG2D may be one of the surrogate co-stimulatory receptors leading to irregular inflammatory function producing IL-17. An IL-17 producing CD4+CD28nullNKG2D+T cells may potentially be involved in pathogenesis and drive severity of the disease with the glycemic dependence. This particular cell type could be targeted for prognostic or therapeutic purposes.
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48
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Bullenkamp J, Dinkla S, Kaski JC, Dumitriu IE. Targeting T cells to treat atherosclerosis: odyssey from bench to bedside. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY 2016; 2:194-9. [PMID: 27418972 PMCID: PMC4907356 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvw001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
More than 150 years from the initial description of inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques, randomized clinical trials to test anti-inflammatory therapies in atherosclerosis have recently been initiated. Lymphocytes and macrophages are main participants in the inflammatory response in atherosclerosis. T lymphocytes operate mainly by exerting strong influences on the function of many cells in the immune system and beyond, and co-ordinating their interactions. Importantly, T lymphocytes are not a homogenous population, but include several subsets with specialized functions that can either promote or suppress inflammation. The interactions between these T-lymphocyte subsets have critical consequences on the course and outcome of inflammation. The complexity of the inflammatory response in atherosclerosis poses significant challenges on translating experimental findings into clinical therapies and makes the journey from bench to bedside an arduous one. Here, we summarize recent advances on the role of CD4+ T cells in the inflammatory process in atherosclerosis and discuss potential therapies to modulate these lymphocytes that may provide future breakthroughs in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bullenkamp
- Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Sip Dinkla
- Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Juan Carlos Kaski
- Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Ingrid E Dumitriu
- Cardiovascular and Cell Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
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49
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Oztas E, Ozler S, Tokmak A, Yilmaz N, Celik HT, Kazancı FH, Danisman N, Ergin M, Yakut HI. Increased levels of serum granzyme-B is associated with insulin resistance and increased cardiovascular risk in adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2016; 198:89-93. [PMID: 26802256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to determine serum perforin and granzyme-B levels in adolescent PCOS patients, and to investigate whether they are associated with some of the insulin sensitivity, obesity and cardiovascular (CV) risk markers and metabolic syndrome. STUDY DESIGN A case-control study was carried out including a total of 172 adolescents (83 PCOS patients and 89 age-matched healthy controls). Participants were recruited consecutively. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), lipid parameters, and anthropometric measurements were determined. Serum perforin and granzyme B levels were measured by commercially available ELISA kits. HOMA-IR>3.16 was considered to indicate the presence of insulin resistance. Logistic regression analysis was applied for the predictive value of granzyme-B for increased CV risk in PCOS patients. RESULTS As body mass index (BMI) of the PCOS patients was significantly higher than the controls (median 24.6kg/m(2) and 21.4kg/m(2), respectively, p<0.001) all parameters were evaluated after adjustment for BMI. Adolescents with PCOS had significantly higher levels of fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR and granzyme-B when compared with controls. According to the results of logistic regression analysis, granzyme-B levels were found to be significantly associated with increased HOMA-IR (OR=6.120, 95% CI: 2.352-15.926, p<0.001) in adolescent PCOS patients. Additionally, elevated levels of serum granzyme-B were predictive for increased CV risk in PCOS patients (OR=0.237, 95% CI: 0.091-0.616, p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS Increased levels of serum granzyme-B are independently associated with insulin resistance and also with increased CV risk in adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efser Oztas
- Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sibel Ozler
- Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aytekin Tokmak
- Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nafiye Yilmaz
- Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Tugrul Celik
- Turgut Ozal University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Nuri Danisman
- Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Ergin
- Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Halil Ibrahim Yakut
- Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Ankara, Turkey
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50
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Increased Risk of Herpes Zoster in Diabetic Patients Comorbid with Coronary Artery Disease and Microvascular Disorders: A Population-Based Study in Taiwan. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146750. [PMID: 26751202 PMCID: PMC4709044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the association between the risk of herpes zoster (HZ) and diabetes-related macrovascular comorbidities and microvascular disorders in diabetic patients. This retrospective study included 25,345 patients with newly identified HZ and age- and gender-matched controls retrieved from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan during the period of 2005 to 2011. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and to assess the risk factors for HZ in diabetic patients with associated macrovascular or microvascular disorders. Risk factors for HZ were significantly increased in cases of diabetes mellitus (DM) compared with those in cases of non-DM controls (20.2% vs. 17.0%, OR = 1.24, p<0.001). Results of age- and gender-adjusted analyses demonstrated a significantly higher risk of HZ in DM patients with accompanying coronary artery disease (CAD) (adjusted OR = 1.21, p<0.001) and microvascular disorders (aOR = 1.32, p<0.001) than in DM patients with other comorbidities but no microvascular disorders. Patients who took thiazolidinedione, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors and insulin had a higher HZ risk than those taking metformin or sulphonylureas alone (aOR = 1.11, 1.14 and 1.18, p<0.001, respectively). Patients who took insulin alone or in combination with other antidiabetic agents had a significantly higher risk of HZ (aOR = 1.25, p<0.001) than those who received monotherapy. Diabetic patients comorbid with coronary artery disease and associated microvascular disorders had an increased risk of HZ occurrence.
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