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Zaslow T, Patel AR, Coel R, Katzel MJ, Wren TAL. The effects of sport, setting, and demographics on sunscreen use and education in young athletes. Res Sports Med 2024; 32:695-703. [PMID: 37260276 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2023.2219801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Participation in outdoor sports increases exposure to ultraviolet radiation, necessitating mitigation through sunscreen use. This prospective study examined the effects of sport, setting (practice vs. competition), gender, age and geographic location on sunscreen use and education among youth athletes in various sports. Six hundred and twelve athletes ≤18 years old completed an online survey on sunscreen education and use during competitions and practices. Regardless of sport, reported sunscreen use was higher during practices than competition (p < 0.0001). Sunscreen was used most by swimmers/divers (odds ratio: OR ≥ 1.9, p < 0.001) and least by American football players (OR ≤ 0.57, p ≤ 0.001). Coaches mentioned sunscreen use the most in track and field (OR 1.84, p = 0.001) and the least in American football (OR 0.67, p = 0.03). Athletes used sunscreen more if they were female (OR ≥ 1.9 1.38, p ≤ 0.06) and younger (age OR ≤ 0.88, p < 0.001). In conclusion, youth athletes differ in sunscreen use by sport and setting, highlighting the need for continued photoprotective education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Zaslow
- Primary Care Sports Medicine, Cedars Sinai Kerlan-Jobe Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Akash R Patel
- Primary Care Sports Medicine, Cedars Sinai Kerlan-Jobe Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachel Coel
- Pediatric Sports Medicine, Kapi'olani Medical Center for Women & Children, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Mia J Katzel
- Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tishya A L Wren
- Pediatric Orthopaedics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Leite ACAB, Nascimento LC, Neris RR, Soto-Ruiz N, Escalada-Hernández P, Martín-Rodríguez LS, García-Vivar C. Extended and Long-term Cancer Survivorship of Childhood Survivors: A Scoping Review of Nursing Evidence With Bibliometric Analysis. Cancer Nurs 2024:00002820-990000000-00257. [PMID: 38857172 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000001363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing survival rates of childhood cancer, nurses' familiarity with published evidence has become crucial to care for this population and their families throughout the survival process. OBJECTIVE To systematically identify and conduct a bibliometric analysis of nursing-related evidence concerning extended and long-term survival of childhood survivors. METHODS A scoping review was conducted using bibliometric analysis with searches performed in the PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases. A total of 300 studies on childhood cancer survival within the nursing field were included. RESULTS The first study on this topic was published in 1975. American and Chinese researchers lead study publications, primarily publishing in nursing journals such as Cancer Nursing. Quantitative designs were prevalent, and the majority of the studies focused on physical late effects, overall quality of life, and survivor follow-up care. CONCLUSIONS This study has allowed us to map and synthesize the bibliometric evidence pertaining to the extended and long-term survivorship of childhood cancer survivors in the nursing field. Consequently, it identifies gaps in knowledge, research trends, and areas necessitating further exploration. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The evidence presented in this review can facilitate academic and clinical discussions, offering a comprehensive synthesis of the published knowledge. More research needs to be developed on the topic, particularly in Central and Latin America, Africa, Southern and Eastern Europe, and in some regions of Asia. Furthermore, the scope of studies should extend beyond late effects and quality of life, encompassing the experience of surviving childhood cancer, including psychosocial and spiritual dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Andrade Biaggi Leite
- Author Affiliations: Departamento de Enfermagem Materno-Infantil e Saúde Pública, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil (Drs Leite and Nascimento and Mrs Neris); and Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Navarra, Spain (Drs Leite, Soto-Ruiz, Escalada-Hernández, Martín-Rodríguez, and García-Vivar)
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Kim SR, Parbhakar A, Li X, Bernardini MQ, Hogen L, May T. Primary cytoreductive surgery compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with BRCA mutated advanced high grade serous ovarian cancer: 10 year survival analysis. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2024; 34:879-885. [PMID: 38548312 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2023-005065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Given the high response to platinum based chemotherapy in BRCA 1/2 mutated high grade serous ovarian cancers, there is uncertainty about the relative benefits of primary cytoreductive surgery versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy in this population. We aimed to compare the survival outcomes for women with BRCA 1/2 mutated high grade serous ovarian cancers undergoing either primary cytoreductive surgery or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all stage III/IV BRCA mutated high grade serous ovarian cancers treated with primary cytoreductive surgery or neoadjuvant chemotherapy at a single tertiary cancer center between 1991 and 2020. Baseline demographics, initial disease burden, surgical complexity, and survival outcomes were examined. RESULTS Of 314 women with germline or somatic BRCA mutations, 194 (62%) underwent primary cytoreductive surgery and 120 (38%) underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval cytoreductive surgery. Those undergoing primary cytoreductive surgery were younger (median age 53 years (range 47-59) vs 59 years (50-65), p<0.001), but there were no differences in functional status or underlying comorbidities. The initial disease burden was lower (disease score high (40% vs 44%; p<0.001) but surgical complexity was higher (surgical complexity score high (18% vs 3%; p<0.001) in the primary cytoreductive surgery cohort. The rate of optimal or complete cytoreduction was similar in both groups (89% vs 90%; p=0.23) as well as the rate of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor use (62% vs 68%; p=0.3). The 10 year overall survival and recurrence free survival were superior in the primary cytoreductive surgery cohort (overall survival 49% vs 25%, p<0.001 and progression free survival 25% vs 10%, p<0.001). After controlling for confounders, primary cytoreductive surgery remained a significant predictor of improved overall survival (hazard ratio (HR) 0.45; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.27 to 0.74; p=0.002) and recurrence free survival (HR 0.55; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.80; p=0.002). CONCLUSIONS Primary cytoreductive surgery was associated with improved survival in women with stage III/IV BRCA mutated high grade serous ovarian cancers compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoun Rachel Kim
- Division of Gynaecologic Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network/Sinai Health Systems, Princess Margaret Hospital Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Xuan Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Hospital Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcus Q Bernardini
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network/Sinai Health Systems, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liat Hogen
- Gynaecologic Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taymaa May
- Princess Margaret Hospital Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Wei J, Xu K, Lin Y, Liu Q, Zhou C, Zhang P, Ma R, Zhang M, Zhang L, Li X. Economic evaluation of camrelizumab plus rivoceranib versus sorafenib as first-line therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States and China. Int J Clin Pharm 2024:10.1007/s11096-024-01752-8. [PMID: 38814514 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-024-01752-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Camrelizumab combined with rivoceranib has been proven effective for treating unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). However, their higher prices than sorafenib could impose a substantial economic burden on patients. AIM This study aimed to evaluate the relative cost-effectiveness of the combination of camrelizumab and rivoceranib versus sorafenib as first-line therapy for patients with uHCC from the perspective of the US and Chinese payers. METHOD Using data from the CARES-310 trial, a partitioned survival model (PSM) was developed, considering the perspectives of the US and Chinese payers. The model employed a 15-year time horizon and a biweekly cycle. Direct medical costs and utility data were collected from previous studies and open-access databases. Primary outcomes included quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Price simulations, sensitivity analyses, and subgroup analyses were conducted. RESULTS The ICER for the US and China was $122,388.62/QALY and $30,410.56/QALY, respectively, falling below the willingness-to-pay (WTP) thresholds of $150,000/QALY for the US and $35,898.87/QALY for China. Price simulations indicated the cost-effectiveness of camrelizumab plus rivoceranib when the price of camrelizumab (200 mg) remained below $6275.19 in the US and $558.09 in China. The primary determinant of cost-effectiveness in both regions was the cost of camrelizumab. CONCLUSION The combination of camrelizumab and rivoceranib is a cost-effective first-line therapy for uHCC in both the US and China. Lowering their prices could significantly influence their cost-effectiveness and accessibility to patients. These findings will guide clinicians in treating uHCC and help decision-makers formulate value-based drug pricing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yingtao Lin
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chongchong Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Research Management, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengdie Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lingli Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science and Pharmacoeconomics, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Department of Health Policy, School of Health Policy and Management, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zheng Y, Mao J, Yang L, Zhu Q. Recent trends in the incidence of early-onset prostate cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024:00008469-990000000-00150. [PMID: 38837196 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Early-onset prostate cancer (EOPC) is relatively uncommon. It is unclear if the incidence of EOPC is evolving. Utilizing data from the SEER database from 2000 to 2020, the study identified prostate cancer cases in men under 55 years, focusing on trends in annual age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIR), stage at presentation, race/ethnicity, and local treatment patterns. The study encompassed 93 071 cases of EOPC, with the median age at diagnosis being 51 years. From 2000 to 2007, the AAIR of EOPC experienced a wave-like increase from 6.9 to 8.3 per 100 000 people. It then sharply declined to 5.4 by 2014, followed by 6 years of stability, and by 2020 it had dropped to its lowest point of 4.5. The trend observed across different racial groups was consistent with the overall pattern, where non-Hispanic Black patients consistently exhibited the highest incidence and the least reduction rate (annual percent change, -1.0; 95% confidence interval, -1.8 to -0.2; P < 0.05). Stage II was the most commonly diagnosed, although its AAIR declined from 4.9 to 1.2 per 100 000 people. From 2010 through 2020, the proportion of receiving prostatectomy decreased from 63.0 to 43.6%. The declining rates of EOPC across diverse racial groups emphasize the critical need for focused research and interventions. Specifically, there is an urgent call to establish a tailored screening protocol for prostate cancer targeting Black youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Zheng
- Department of Urology, Quzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Quzhou
| | - Jinshui Mao
- Department of Urology, Quzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Quzhou
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao
| | - Qiansan Zhu
- Department of Urology, Wenzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Mousavi SE, Najafi M, Aslani A, Fazlollahi A, Yekta Z, Sadri M, Nejadghaderi SA. A population-based study on incidence trends of kidney and renal pelvis cancers in the United States over 2000-2020. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11294. [PMID: 38760399 PMCID: PMC11101446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancers of the kidney and renal pelvis are among the most prevalent types of urinary cancers. We aimed to outline the incidence trends of kidney and renal pelvis cancers by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and histology in the United States (US) from 2000 to 2020. The data was obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 22 database. The identification of patients with kidney and renal pelvis cancers with morphologies of renal cell carcinoma, nephroblastoma, sarcoma, and neuroendocrine tumor was conducted utilizing the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology version 3. The average annual percent change (AAPC) were presented. All estimates were given in the form of counts and delayed age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) per 100,000 people. From 2000 to 2019, a total of 490,481 cases of kidney and renal pelvic cancer were recorded across all age groups in the US. The majority of them were among Non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) (69.75%) and those aged 55-69 years (39.96%). The ASIRs per 100,000 for kidney and pelvis cancers were 22.03 for men and 11.14 for women. Non-Hispanic Black men had the highest ASIR (24.53 [24.24, 24.81]), and increase in ASIR over the 2000-2019 period (AAPC: 2.19% [1.84, 2.84]). There was a noticeable increase in incidence of kidney and renal pelvis cancers. Individuals aged 70-84 years had the highest ASIR for kidney and renal pelvis cancers. The COVID-19 era has resulted in a significant reduction in incidence rates across all demographics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ehsan Mousavi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Morvarid Najafi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Aslani
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asra Fazlollahi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Yekta
- Calaveras County Department of Health, Calaveras County, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad Sadri
- Assistant Professor of Urology, Nephrology and Kidney Transplant Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Systematic Review and Meta‑analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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Vladić MB, Andabak-Rogulj A, Gršić K, Brailo V, Brzak BL, Škrinjar I, Juras DV. Dentist Involvement in the Treatment of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis-A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:134. [PMID: 38786532 PMCID: PMC11119246 DOI: 10.3390/dj12050134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Oral mucositis (OM) occurs in more than 95% of patients irradiated in the head and neck area. This paper aims to determine the occurrence and characteristics of OM in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), as well as the involvement of dentists/oral medicine specialists in treating such patients. Methods: This study was conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, from April to August 2022, on patients irradiated in the head and neck area. A unique OM questionnaire was created on the incidence, characteristics, oral care, and involvement of dentists in the overall care. Results: Thirty patients filled out the questionnaire. Of the 22 patients who had developed OM, 14 had grade-three OM. Ten patients were treated for OM in line with the instructions of an oral medicine specialist, eight based on the instructions of a specialist responsible for monitoring of the underlying disease, and four were not treated at all. Sixteen patients had not been referred to a dentist before the start of RT. Conclusions: These results showed insufficient care and treatment of OM, as well as insufficient involvement of dentists in the oncology team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Burja Vladić
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.B.V.); (B.L.B.)
| | - Ana Andabak-Rogulj
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.B.); (I.Š.); (D.V.J.)
| | - Krešimir Gršić
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Vlaho Brailo
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.B.); (I.Š.); (D.V.J.)
| | - Božana Lončar Brzak
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.B.V.); (B.L.B.)
| | - Ivana Škrinjar
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.B.); (I.Š.); (D.V.J.)
| | - Danica Vidović Juras
- Department of Oral Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (V.B.); (I.Š.); (D.V.J.)
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Perné MG, Sitar-Tăut AV, Orășan OH, Negrean V, Vlad CV, Alexescu TG, Milaciu MV, Ciumărnean L, Togănel RD, Petre GE, Șimon I, Crăciun A. The Usefulness of Vitamin K-Dependent Proteins in the Diagnosis of Colorectal Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4997. [PMID: 38732222 PMCID: PMC11084444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common neoplasms in developed countries, with increasing incidence and mortality, even in young people. A variety of serum markers have been associated with CRC (CEA, CA 19-9), but neither should be used as a screening tool for the diagnosis or evolution staging of CRC. The sensitivity and specificity of these markers are not as good as is required, so new ones need to be found. Matrix Gla protein and PIVKA II are involved in carcinogenesis, but few studies have evaluated their usefulness in predicting the presence and severity of CRC. Two hundred patients were divided into three groups: 80 patients were included in the control group; 80 with CRC and without hepatic metastasis were included in Group 1; 40 patients with CRC and hepatic metastasis were included in Group 2. Vitamin K-dependent proteins (VKDPs) levels in plasma were determined. Patients with CRC without methastasis (Group 1) and CRC patients with methastasis (Group 2) presented significantly higher values of CEA, CA 19-9, PIVKA II (310.05 ± 38.22 vs. 430.13 ± 122.13 vs. 20.23 ± 10.90), and ucMGP (14,300.00 ± 2387.02 vs. 13,410.52 ± 2243.16 vs. 1780.31 ± 864.70) compared to control group (Group 0). Interestingly, Group 1 presented the greatest PIVKA II values. Out of all the markers, significant differences between the histological subgroups were found only for ucMGP, but only in non-metastatic CRC. Studying the discrimination capacity between the patients with CRC vs. those without, no significant differences were found between the classical tumor markers and the VKDP AUROC curves (PIVKA II and ucMGP AUROCs = 1). For the metastatic stage, the sensitivity and specificity of the VKDPs were lower in comparison with those of CA 19-9 and CEA, respectively (PIVKA II AUROC = 0.789, ucMGP AUROC = 0.608). The serum levels of these VKDPs are significantly altered in patients with colorectal carcinoma; it is possible to find additional value of these in the early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela-Georgiana Perné
- 4th Department–Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republicii Street, Nr. 18, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adela-Viviana Sitar-Tăut
- 4th Department–Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republicii Street, Nr. 18, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Olga Hilda Orășan
- 4th Department–Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republicii Street, Nr. 18, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vasile Negrean
- 4th Department–Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republicii Street, Nr. 18, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Călin Vasile Vlad
- 4th Department–Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republicii Street, Nr. 18, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Teodora-Gabriela Alexescu
- 4th Department–Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republicii Street, Nr. 18, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mircea Vasile Milaciu
- 4th Department–Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republicii Street, Nr. 18, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lorena Ciumărnean
- 4th Department–Internal Medicine, 4th Medical Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republicii Street, Nr. 18, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Răzvan Dan Togănel
- 6th Department–Surgery, 4th Surgery Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republicii Street, Nr. 18, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriel Emil Petre
- 6th Department–Surgery, 4th Surgery Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republicii Street, Nr. 18, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Șimon
- 6th Department–Surgery, 4th Surgery Discipline, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republicii Street, Nr. 18, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Crăciun
- 2nd Department–Molecular Sciences, Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pasteur Street, Nr. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Mendis S, Lipton L, To YH, Ananda S, Michael M, McLachlan SA, Thomson B, Loveday B, Knowles B, Fox A, Nikfarjam M, Usatoff V, Shapiro J, Clarke K, Pattison S, Chee CE, Zielinski R, Wong R, Gibbs P, Lee B. Early onset pancreatic cancer-exploring contemporary treatment and outcomes using real-world data. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1477-1484. [PMID: 38448752 PMCID: PMC11058801 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02619-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer incidence is increasing in younger populations. Differences between early onset pancreatic cancer (EOPC) and later onset pancreatic cancer (LOPC), and how these should inform management warrant exploration in the contemporary setting. METHODS A prospectively collected multi-site dataset on consecutive pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients was interrogated. Patient, tumour, treatment, and outcome data were extracted for EOPC (≤50 years old) vs LOPC (>50 years old). RESULTS Of 1683 patients diagnosed between 2016 and 2022, 112 (6.7%) were EOPC. EOPC more frequently had the tail of pancreas tumours, earlier stage disease, surgical resection, and trended towards increased receipt of chemotherapy in the curative setting compared to LOPC. EOPC more frequently received 1st line chemotherapy, 2nd line chemotherapy, and chemoradiotherapy than LOPC in the palliative setting. Recurrence-free survival was improved for the tail of pancreas EOPC vs LOPC in the resected setting; overall survival was superior for EOPC compared to LOPC across the resected, locally advanced unresectable and metastatic settings. CONCLUSIONS EOPC remains a small proportion of pancreatic cancer diagnoses. The more favourable outcomes in EOPC suggest these younger patients are overall deriving benefits from increased treatment in the curative setting and increased therapy in the palliative setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehara Mendis
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | | | - Yat Hang To
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sumitra Ananda
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Michael
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sue-Anne McLachlan
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Benjamin Thomson
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Benjamin Loveday
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Brett Knowles
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Adrian Fox
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Mehrdad Nikfarjam
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Julia Shapiro
- Department of Medicine, Alfred Hospital, Prahran, VIC, Australia
| | - Kate Clarke
- Department of Medical Oncology, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sharon Pattison
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Cheng Ean Chee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rob Zielinski
- Department of Medical Oncology, Orange Hospital, Orange, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dubbo Base Hospital, Dubbo, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bathurst Base Hospital, West Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel Wong
- Epworth Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Gibbs
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Belinda Lee
- Walter & Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Northern Hospital, Epping, VIC, Australia
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10
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Ghamande SS, Cline JK, Sayyid RK, Klaassen Z. Advancing Precision Oncology with Artificial Intelligence: Ushering in the ArteraAI Prostate Test. Urology 2024:S0090-4295(24)00266-8. [PMID: 38648952 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph K Cline
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA
| | - Rashid K Sayyid
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Zachary Klaassen
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA; Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA
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11
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Roshandel G, Ghasemi-Kebria F, Malekzadeh R. Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1530. [PMID: 38672612 PMCID: PMC11049480 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. There are disparities in the epidemiology of CRC across different populations, most probably due to differences in exposure to lifestyle and environmental factors related to CRC. Prevention is the most effective method for controlling CRC. Primary prevention includes determining and avoiding modifiable risk factors (e.g., alcohol consumption, smoking, and dietary factors) as well as increasing protective factors (e.g., physical activity, aspirin). Further studies, especially randomized, controlled trials, are needed to clarify the association between CRC incidence and exposure to different risk factors or protective factors. Detection and removal of precancerous colorectal lesions is also an effective strategy for controlling CRC. Multiple factors, both at the individual and community levels (e.g., patient preferences, availability of screening modalities, costs, benefits, and adverse events), should be taken into account in designing and implementing CRC screening programs. Health policymakers should consider the best decision in identifying the starting age and selection of the most effective screening strategies for the target population. This review aims to present updated evidence on the epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 49178-67439, Iran; (G.R.); (F.G.-K.)
| | - Fatemeh Ghasemi-Kebria
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 49178-67439, Iran; (G.R.); (F.G.-K.)
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-13135, Iran
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12
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Heimovaara JH, van Calsteren K, Lok CAR, Evens AM, Hoegl J, Ferber A, Fernandes A, Vriens I, van Zuylen L, Amant F. Results of an international survey on the current organization of care for pregnant women with cancer. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2024; 103:751-756. [PMID: 38298117 PMCID: PMC10993336 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The global incidence of cancer is increasing, including its incidence in women of reproductive age. Still, physicians encounter this situation rarely, which could lead to substandard care. This research sought to explore opportunities to improve future care for pregnant women with cancer, by describing the outcomes of a survey distributed to physicians all over the world focusing on clinical experience with pregnant women with cancer, the organization of care and current gaps in knowledge. We included 249 responses from physicians working across 36 countries. Responses demonstrate a wide variation in the organization of care - generally lacking centralization, and the physicians' acknowledgement of insufficient knowledge on the management of pregnant women with cancer. There is a need for improvement through national centralization and/or establishing advisory boards for cancer in pregnancy. Seeing the paucity of cancer in pregnancy experience, the importance of global multidisciplinary collaboration is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joosje H. Heimovaara
- Department of OncologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of GynecologyAntoni van Leeuwenhoek – Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Kristel van Calsteren
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of Development and RegenerationKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Christianne A. R. Lok
- Department of GynecologyAntoni van Leeuwenhoek – Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam (CGOA)Antoni van Leeuwenhoek – Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Andrew M. Evens
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New JerseyNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Jorge Hoegl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecological OncologyHospital General del Este “Dr. Domingo Luciani”CaracasVenezuela
| | - Andres Ferber
- Department of Medical OncologyThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Andreina Fernandes
- Laboratorio de Genética MolecularInstituto de Oncología y HematologíaCaracasVenezuela
| | - Ingeborg Vriens
- Department of Medical OncologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Lia van Zuylen
- Department of Medical OncologyAmsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Department of OncologyKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of GynecologyAntoni van Leeuwenhoek – Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Division Gynecologic OncologyUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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13
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Zeng B, Wan R, Chang K, Li J, Zhang X, Shi G, Ye D, Xu F. Lysine methyltransferase 5C increases the proliferation and metastatic abilities of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via aerobic glycolysis. Int J Oncol 2024; 64:45. [PMID: 38426605 PMCID: PMC10919755 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Among all types of renal cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common and lethal subtype and is associated with a high risk of metastasis and recurrence. Histone modifications regulate several biological processes that are fundamental to the development of cancer. Lysine methyltransferase 5C (KMT5C; also known as SUV420H2) is an epigenetic modifier responsible for the trimethylation of H4K20, which drives critical cellular events, including genome integrity, cell growth and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT), in various types of cancer. However, the role of KMT5C in ccRCC remains unclear. As such, the expression and function of KMT5C in ccRCC were investigated in the present study. KMT5C expression was significantly increased in ccRCC tissues compared with normal tissues (P<0.0001), and it was closely associated with the overall survival rate of patients with ccRCC. By establishing ccRCC cell lines with KMT5C expression knockdown, the role of KMT5C in the maintenance of aerobic glycolysis in ccRCC cells via the regulation of several vital glycolytic genes was identified. Additionally, KMT5C promoted the proliferation and EMT of ccRCC cells by controlling crucial EMT transcriptional factors. Together, these data suggested that KMT5C may act as an oncoprotein, guide molecular diagnosis, and shed light on novel drug development and therapeutic strategies for patients with ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Zeng
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Runlan Wan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Kun Chang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing 402260, P.R. China
| | - Xuanzhi Zhang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Guohai Shi
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Fujiang Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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14
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Moulin C, Beaupain B, Suarez F, Bertrand Y, Beaussant SC, Fischer A, Durin J, Ranta D, Espéli M, Bachelerie F, Bellanné-Chantelot C, Molina T, Emile JF, Balabanian K, Deback C, Donadieu J. CXCR4 WHIM syndrome is a cancer predisposition condition for virus-induced malignancies. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:1383-1392. [PMID: 38442908 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Warts, hypogammaglobulinaemia, infections and myelokathexis syndrome (WHIMS) is a rare combined primary immunodeficiency caused by the gain of function of the CXCR4 chemokine receptor. We present the prevalence of cancer in WHIMS patients based on data from the French Severe Chronic Neutropenia Registry and an exhaustive literature review. The median follow-up of the 14 WHIMS 'patients was 28.5 years. A central review and viral evaluation of pathological samples were organized, and we conducted a thorough literature review to identify all reports of WHIMS cases. Six French patients were diagnosed with cancer at a median age of 37.6 years. The 40-year risk of malignancy was 39% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6%-74%). We observed two human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced vulvar carcinomas, three lymphomas (two Epstein-Barr virus [EBV]-related) and one basal cell carcinoma. Among the 155 WHIMS cases from the literature, 22 cancers were reported in 16 patients, with an overall cancer 40-year risk of 23% (95% CI: 13%-39%). Malignancies included EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders and HPV-positive genital and anal cancers as in the French cohort. Worldwide, nine cases of malignancy were associated with HPV and four with EBV. Immunocompromised WHIMS patients appear to be particularly susceptible to developing early malignancy, mainly HPV-induced carcinomas, followed by EBV-related lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémentine Moulin
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Blandine Beaupain
- Centre de référence des neutropénies chroniques, Registre des neutropénies chroniques, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau Paris, Paris, France
| | - Felipe Suarez
- Service d'hématologie, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Yves Bertrand
- Institut d'hémato oncologie Pédiatrique, Hospice Civil de Lyon, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Cohen Beaussant
- Centre de référence des neutropénies chroniques, Registre des neutropénies chroniques, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alain Fischer
- Centre de référence des déficits immunitaires héréditaires, Unité d'Immuno-Hématologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Julie Durin
- Centre de référence des neutropénies chroniques, Registre des neutropénies chroniques, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau Paris, Paris, France
| | - Dana Ranta
- Service d'hématologie, CHU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Marion Espéli
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Bachelerie
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Orsay, France
| | | | - Thierry Molina
- Service d'anatomie pathologique Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Jean François Emile
- Service d'anatomie pathologique Hôpital Ambroise Paré, APHP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Karl Balabanian
- Université Paris-Cité, INSERM U1160, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Claire Deback
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Orsay, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Hôpital Paul Brousse, AP-HP, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean Donadieu
- Centre de référence des neutropénies chroniques, Registre des neutropénies chroniques, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau Paris, Paris, France
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15
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Bohlin KS, Brännström M, Dahm‐Kähler P. Gynecological cancer during pregnancy-From a gyne-oncological perspective. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2024; 103:761-766. [PMID: 38183316 PMCID: PMC10993343 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Gynecological cancer diagnosed during pregnancy requires accurate diagnosis and staging to determine optimal treatment based on gestational age. Cervical and ovarian cancers are the most common and multidisciplinary team collaboration is pivotal. Magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound can be used without causing fetal harm. In cervical cancer, early-stage treatments can often be delayed until fetal lung maturation and cesarean section is recommended if disease prevails, in combination with a simple/radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy. Chemoradiotherapy, the recommended treatment for advanced stages, is not compatible with pregnancy preservation. Most gestational ovarian cancers are diagnosed at an early stage and consist of nonepithelial cancers or borderline tumors. Removal of the affected adnexa during pregnancy is often necessary for diagnosis, though staging can be performed after delivery. In selected cases of advanced cervical and ovarian cancers, neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be an option to allow gestational advancement but only after thorough multidisciplinary discussions and counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Stenström Bohlin
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg UniversityGothenburgSweden
| | - Mats Brännström
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg UniversityGothenburgSweden
| | - Pernilla Dahm‐Kähler
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg UniversityGothenburgSweden
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16
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Ribelles N, Pascual J, Galvez-Carvajal L, Ruiz-Medina S, Garcia-Corbacho J, Benitez JC, Dominguez-Recio ME, Torres E, Oliva L, Zalabardo M, Rueda A, Alba E. Increasing Annual Cancer Incidence in Patients Age 20-49 Years: A Real-Data Study. JCO Glob Oncol 2024; 10:e2300363. [PMID: 38513186 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Data from population-based studies have shown an increased incidence of certain types of neoplasms in patients younger than 50 years (early-onset cancer [EOC]); however, little information is derived from other real-world data sources. In a nonpopulation registry, we analyzed changes in the incidence of several neoplasms in successive generations. METHODS This cross-sectional study included all patients with a cancer diagnosis registered in one university hospital in Málaga, Spain, between 1998 and 2021, and 18 neoplasms were analyzed. For each neoplasm, the proportion of patients younger than 50 years and age 50 years and older (late-onset cancer [LOC]) of the total number of patients diagnosed each year was determined. In addition, the age limit was lowered to 45-40 years. Changes in these proportions between each year and the following year were assessed by calculating the annual percentage change (APC), and a final assessment of these changes was performed by determining the average APC (AAPC). RESULTS Of the 24,596 patients, 5,466 (22.2%) had EOC, and 19,130 (77.8%) had LOC. The incidence of all tumors increased throughout the study period in both age groups. The AAPC increase was higher in patients with EOC than in those with LOC for the following neoplasms: head and neck (6.1% v 4.6%), colon (11.0% v 8.2%), testicular (16.3% v -13.1%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (8.4% v 5.9%), rectum (16.1% v 6.8%), kidney (27.8% v 20.1%), and sarcoma (43.4% v 28.6%). This increase was confirmed in patients younger than 45 years and 40 years. CONCLUSION Our results are consistent with the data published for most tumor sites analyzed. This global public health problem requires the utmost attention to decrease excess cancer in young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Ribelles
- Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Javier Pascual
- Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
- Oncology Biomedical Research National Network (CIBERONC-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Galvez-Carvajal
- Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Sofía Ruiz-Medina
- Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Javier Garcia-Corbacho
- Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Jose Carlos Benitez
- Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Maria Emilia Dominguez-Recio
- Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Esperanza Torres
- Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Lucia Oliva
- Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Manuel Zalabardo
- Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Antonio Rueda
- Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
| | - Emilio Alba
- Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit, Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Malaga, Spain
- Oncology Biomedical Research National Network (CIBERONC-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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17
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Justicz N, Ryder CY, Rudy SF, Bellile EL, Kim JC, Baker S, Moyer JS. A Comparison of Pulsed Dye Laser and Dermabrasion After Nasal Reconstruction. Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med 2024; 26:197-199. [PMID: 37205866 DOI: 10.1089/fpsam.2023.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Justicz
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - C Yoonhee Ryder
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Shannon F Rudy
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Emily L Bellile
- Department of Biostatistics, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jennifer C Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Shan Baker
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Moyer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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18
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Siromoni B, Groman A, Parmar K, Mukherjee S, Vadehra D. Exploring Demographic Differences and Outcomes in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer. JCO Oncol Pract 2024:OP2300671. [PMID: 38394477 DOI: 10.1200/op.23.00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), defined as CRC diagnosed before age 50 years, has increased significantly worldwide. The majority of EOCRCs do not appear to be driven by genetic factors and may be influenced by environmental factors. We hypothesized that sociodemographic disparities exist in EOCRC. The purpose was of the study was to examine the geographic disparities in patients with EOCRC. METHODS We retrospectively examined the SEER database from 1976 to 2016 to examine the geographic disparities in EOCRC. A total of 73,378 patients with EOCRC were included in the analysis. We performed univariate and multivariable analyses to evaluate overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Sociodemographic factors, including the location of residence (metropolitan areas [MA] or rural areas [RA]), sex, race, insurance status, and marital status, were included in the statistical analysis. RESULTS The incidence and mortality rates were consistently higher in RA versus MA during the study period. Multivariable analysis showed that patients living in RA had worse OS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.14; P < .01) and DSS (HR, 1.15; P < .001) compared with those living in MA. Similarly, non-Hispanic Black ethnicity and uninsured patients had significantly worse survival when compared with non-Hispanic White and insured patients, respectively. Married status showed better survival outcomes. CONCLUSION Patients with EOCRC living in RA have worse outcomes. Understanding the mechanisms behind such socioeconomic disparities is important so that future studies can reduce these disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kanak Parmar
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX
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19
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Strehle LD, Otto-Dobos LD, Grant CV, Glasper ER, Pyter LM. Microglia contribute to mammary tumor-induced neuroinflammation in a female mouse model. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23419. [PMID: 38236370 PMCID: PMC10832463 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301580rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Following diagnosis but before treatment, up to 30% of breast cancer patients report behavioral side effects (e.g., anxiety, depression, memory impairment). Our rodent mammary tumor model recapitulates aspects of these behavioral sequelae, as well as elevated circulating and brain inflammatory mediators. Neuroinflammation is a proposed mechanism underlying the etiology of mood disorders and cognitive deficits, and therefore may be contributing to tumor-associated behavioral side effects. The cellular mechanisms by which tumor-induced neuroinflammation occurs remain unknown, making targeted treatment approaches inaccessible. Here, we tested the hypotheses that microglia are the primary cells driving tumor-induced neuroinflammation and behavioral side effects. Young adult female BALB/c mice were induced with a 67NR mammary tumor; tumor-free controls underwent a sham surgery. Mammary tumors increased IBA1+ and GFAP+ staining in the amygdala and hippocampus relative to tumor-free controls. However, tumors did not alter gene expression of Percoll-enriched microglia isolated from the whole brain. While cognitive, social, and anhedonia-like behaviors were not altered in tumor-bearing mice, tumors increased central tendency in the open-field test; microglia depletion did not reverse this effect. Brain region RT-qPCR data indicated that microglia depletion attenuated tumor-induced elevations of neuroinflammatory gene expression in a region- and mediator-specific manner. These results indicate a causal role of microglia in tumor-induced neuroinflammation. This research advances our understanding of the cellular mechanisms underlying tumor-induced neuroinflammation in order to understand how brain responses (e.g., behavior) may be altered with subsequent cancer-related immune challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay D. Strehle
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lauren D. Otto-Dobos
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Corena V. Grant
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Erica R. Glasper
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Leah M. Pyter
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Patel TH, Brewer JR, Fan J, Cheng J, Shen YL, Xiang Y, Zhao H, Lemery SJ, Pazdur R, Kluetz PG, Fashoyin-Aje LA. FDA Approval Summary: Tremelimumab in Combination with Durvalumab for the Treatment of Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:269-273. [PMID: 37676259 PMCID: PMC10841291 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
On October 21, 2022, the FDA approved tremelimumab (Imjudo) in combination with durvalumab for adult patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. The approval was based on the results from the HIMALAYA study, in which patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma who were naïve to previous systemic treatment were randomly assigned to receive one of three study arms: tremelimumab in combination with durvalumab (n = 393), durvalumab (n = 389), or sorafenib (n = 389). The primary objective of improvement in overall survival (OS) for tremelimumab in combination with durvalumab compared with sorafenib met statistical significance with a stratified HR of 0.78 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.66-0.92; P = 0.0035]. The median OS was 16.4 months (95% CI, 14.2-19.6) with tremelimumab in combination with durvalumab and 13.8 months (95% CI, 12.3-16.1) with sorafenib. Adverse reactions occurring in ≥20% of patients receiving tremelimumab in combination with durvalumab were rash, fatigue, diarrhea, pruritus, musculoskeletal pain, and abdominal pain. The recommended tremelimumab dose for patients weighing 30 kg or more is 300 mg, i.v., as a single dose in combination with durvalumab 1,500 mg at cycle 1/day 1, followed by durvalumab 1,500 mg, i.v., every 4 weeks. For those weighing less than 30 kg, the recommended tremelimumab dose is 4 mg/kg, i.v., as a single dose in combination with durvalumab 20 mg/kg, i.v., followed by durvalumab 20 mg/kg, i.v., every 4 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timil H Patel
- Office of Oncologic Diseases, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jamie R Brewer
- Office of Oncologic Diseases, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jiaxin Fan
- Office of Biostatistics, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Joyce Cheng
- Office of Biostatistics, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Yuan-Li Shen
- Office of Biostatistics, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Yue Xiang
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Hong Zhao
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Steven J Lemery
- Office of Oncologic Diseases, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Oncology Center of Excellence, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Richard Pazdur
- Office of Oncologic Diseases, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Oncology Center of Excellence, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Paul G Kluetz
- Office of Oncologic Diseases, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Oncology Center of Excellence, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Lola A Fashoyin-Aje
- Office of Oncologic Diseases, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Oncology Center of Excellence, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland
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Buja A, De Luca G, Zorzi M, Bovo E, Mocellin S, Trevisiol C, Bronte V, Guzzinati S, Rugge M. Thirty-two-year trends of cancer incidence by sex and cancer site in the Veneto Region from 1987 to 2019. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1267534. [PMID: 38259775 PMCID: PMC10800396 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1267534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This observational study considers the sex-specific incidence of the most incident cancers as recorded in the population-based Veneto Regional Cancer Registry over a period of more than 30 years (1987-2019). Methods The Veneto Regional Cancer Registry collected data for the time interval 1987-2019. Significant changes in incidence trends calculated on age-standardized incidence rates (Annual Percent Change-APC) were identified by join point regression analysis. Results Overall, the incidence trend for all cancers decreased in males and remained stable in females. In nine cancer sites, the incidence trends showed consistent differences by sex (oral cavity, esophagus, colon rectum and anus, liver, larynx, lung, cutaneous malignant melanoma, bladder, and thyroid gland). Other malignancies did not show significant sex-related differences (stomach, pancreas, biliary tract, kidney/urinary tract, central nervous system, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and leukemia). Conclusion In the period 1987-2019, this study revealed sex-related differences in cancer incidence trends. Over time, cancer incidence remained higher in males, with a decreasing epidemiological impact, plausibly resulting from prevention campaigns against environmental cancer risk factors, as tobacco and alcohol. Conversely, a significant decrease was not observed in the incidence trend in females. These findings contribute essential insights for profiling the epidemiological map of cancer in a large Italian population, allowing comparison with other European cancer epidemiology studies and providing updated data supporting sex-related primary and secondary cancer prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Buja
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Luca
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Manuel Zorzi
- Veneto Tumour Registry, Azienda Zero, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Simone Mocellin
- Soft-Tissue, Peritoneum, and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV – IRCCS, Padua, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology – DISCOG, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Trevisiol
- Soft-Tissue, Peritoneum, and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV – IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Massimo Rugge
- Veneto Tumour Registry, Azienda Zero, Padua, Italy
- Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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22
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Kay JE, Brody JG, Schwarzman M, Rudel RA. Application of the Key Characteristics Framework to Identify Potential Breast Carcinogens Using Publicly Available in Vivo, in Vitro, and in Silico Data. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:17002. [PMID: 38197648 PMCID: PMC10777819 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemicals that induce mammary tumors in rodents or activate estrogen or progesterone signaling are likely to increase breast cancer (BC) risk. Identifying chemicals with these activities can prompt steps to protect human health. OBJECTIVES We compiled data on rodent tumors, endocrine activity, and genotoxicity to assess the key characteristics (KCs) of rodent mammary carcinogens (MCs), and to identify other chemicals that exhibit these effects and may therefore increase BC risk. METHODS Using authoritative databases, including International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs and the US Environmental Protection's (EPA) ToxCast, we selected chemicals that induce mammary tumors in rodents, stimulate estradiol or progesterone synthesis, or activate the estrogen receptor (ER) in vitro. We classified these chemicals by their genotoxicity and strength of endocrine activity and calculated the overrepresentation (enrichment) of these KCs among MCs. Finally, we evaluated whether these KCs predict whether a chemical is likely to induce mammary tumors. RESULTS We identified 279 MCs and an additional 642 chemicals that stimulate estrogen or progesterone signaling. MCs were significantly enriched for steroidogenicity, ER agonism, and genotoxicity, supporting the use of these KCs to predict whether a chemical is likely to induce rodent mammary tumors and, by inference, increase BC risk. More MCs were steroidogens than ER agonists, and many increased both estradiol and progesterone. Enrichment among MCs was greater for strong endocrine activity vs. weak or inactive, with a significant trend. DISCUSSION We identified hundreds of compounds that have biological activities that could increase BC risk and demonstrated that these activities are enriched among MCs. We argue that many of these should not be considered low hazard without investigating their ability to affect the breast, and chemicals with the strongest evidence can be targeted for exposure reduction. We describe ways to strengthen hazard identification, including improved assessments for mammary effects, developing assays for more KCs, and more comprehensive chemical testing. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13233.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Megan Schwarzman
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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23
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De Stefano FA, Morell AA, Smith G, Warner T, Soldozy S, Elarjani T, Eichberg DG, Luther E, Komotar RJ. Unique magnetic resonance spectroscopy profile of intracranial meningiomas compared to gliomas: a systematic review. Acta Neurol Belg 2023; 123:2077-2084. [PMID: 36595196 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-022-02169-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The goal of this study was to systematically review the metabolic profile of meningiomas using magnetic resonance spectroscopy in comparison to gliomas, as measured by mean metabolite ratios. METHODS Following the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature review was performed using the PubMed, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane databases from inception to May 2021. Studies were selected based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS Eight studies were ultimately selected with 207 patients included. Fifty-nine patients were diagnosed with meningioma (age = 48.4, 66.7% female) and 148 patients diagnosed with glioma (age = 56.4, 49.2% female). Three studies reported elevated Cho/Cr in meningiomas compared to gliomas (5.71 vs. 1.46, p < 0.05, 7.02 vs. 2.62, p < 0.05, and 4.64 vs. 2.52, p = 0.001). One study reported Ala/Cr to be significantly elevated in meningiomas compared to gliomas (1.30 vs. undetectable, p < 0.001). One study reported myo-Inositol/Cr to be significantly elevated in meningiomas in comparison to gliomas (1.44 vs. 1.08, p < 0.05). One study reported Glu/Cr to be significantly elevated in meningiomas in comparison to gliomas (3.47 vs. 0.89, p = 0.002). Two studies reported Cho/NAA to be significantly elevated in meningiomas in comparison to gliomas (4.46 vs. 2.6, p = 0.004, and 5.8 vs. 2.55, p < 0.05). Two studies reported NAA/Cr was significantly elevated in gliomas compared to meningiomas (undetectable vs. 1.54, p < 0.001 and undetectable vs. 0.58, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Significant differences in metabolite ratios between tumor types were reported in Cho/Cr, Ala/Cr, Glu/Cr, Cho/NAA, myoI/Cr and NAA/Cr between meningiomas and gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank A De Stefano
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd # MS 3021, Kansas City, KS, USA.
| | - Alexis A Morell
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Grace Smith
- School of Medicine, Morehouse College, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tyler Warner
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sauson Soldozy
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Turki Elarjani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daniel G Eichberg
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Evan Luther
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ricardo J Komotar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Sangalli L, Souza LC, Letra A, Shaddox L, Ioannidou E. Sex as a Biological Variable in Oral Diseases: Evidence and Future Prospects. J Dent Res 2023; 102:1395-1416. [PMID: 37967405 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231197143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The interest of the scientific community on sex and gender differences in health and disease has increased substantially over the past 25 to 30 y as a result of a long process of events and policies in the biomedical field. This is crucial as compelling evidence from human and animal model studies has demonstrated that sex and gender influence health, molecular and cellular processes, and response and predisposition to disease. The present scoping review aims to provide a synthesis of sex differences in oral diseases, ranging from periodontal disease to orofacial pain conditions, from risk of caries development to apical periodontitis. Overall, findings from this review further support a role for sexual dimorphism influencing disease predisposition and/or progression in oral diseases. Of note, this review also highlights the lack of consideration of additional factors such as gender and other psychosocial and external factors potentially influencing oral health and disease. New conceptual frameworks capable of capturing multiple fundamental domains and measurements should be developed in clinical and preclinical studies to inform sex-based individualized preventive and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sangalli
- College of Dental Medicine-Illinois, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - L C Souza
- Center for Craniofacial Research, Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Letra
- Departments of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Endodontics, and Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L Shaddox
- Center for Oral Health Research, Division of Periodontology, University of Kentucky, College of Dentistry, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - E Ioannidou
- UCSF, Department of Orofacial Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
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25
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Bueno FT, de Sousa LE, Paterno LG, Baggio AR, da Silva Filho DA, Neto PHDO. Modelling the quenching effect of chloroaluminum phthalocyanine and graphene oxide interactions: implications for phototherapeutic applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:6053-6060. [PMID: 37941947 PMCID: PMC10628975 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00432e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) are promising candidates for cancer treatment and their efficiency can be further enhanced by using a combination of both. While chloroaluminum phthalocyanine (AlClPc) has been studied extensively as a photosensitizer in PDT, nanographene oxide (nGO) has shown promise in PTT due to its high absorption of near-infrared radiation. In this work, we investigate the energy transport between AlClPc and nGO for their combined use in phototherapies. We use density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT to analyze the electronic structure of AlClPc and its interaction with nGO. Based on experimental parameters, we model the system's morphology and implement it in Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations to investigate the energy transfer mechanism between the compounds. Our KMC calculations show that the experimentally observed fluorescence quenching requires modeling both the energy transfer from dyes to nGO and a molecular aggregation model. Our results provide insights into the underlying mechanisms responsible for the fluorescence quenching observed in AlClPc/nGO aggregates, which could impact the efficacy of photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonardo Evaristo de Sousa
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark Anker Engelunds Vej 301 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | - Leonardo Giordano Paterno
- Laboratory of Research on Polymers and Nanomaterials, Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasília Brasília DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Alan Rocha Baggio
- Laboratory of Research on Polymers and Nanomaterials, Institute of Chemistry, University of Brasília Brasília DF 70910-900 Brazil
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26
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Incesu RB, Barletta F, Tappero S, Morra S, Garcia CC, Scheipner L, Piccinelli ML, Tian Z, Saad F, Shariat SF, de Cobelli O, Ahyai S, Chun FKH, Longo N, Terrone C, Briganti A, Tilki D, Graefen M, Karakiewicz PI. Conditional survival of stage III non-seminoma testis cancer patients. Urol Oncol 2023; 41:435.e11-435.e18. [PMID: 37558516 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In many primaries other than non-seminoma testis cancer, the risk of death due to cancer decreases with increasing disease-free interval duration after initial diagnosis and treatment. This effect is known as conditional survival and is relatively unexplored in stage III non-seminoma patients, where it may matter most in clinical decision-making. We examined the effect of disease-free interval duration on overall survival in stage III non-seminoma patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database (2004-2018), stage III non-seminoma patients were identified. Multivariable Cox regression analyses and conditional survival models were applied. RESULTS Of 2,092 surgically treated stage III non-seminoma patients, 385 (18%) exhibited good vs. 558 (27%) intermediate vs. 1,149 (55%) poor prognosis. In multivariable Cox regression models, poor prognosis group independently predicted overall mortality (HR 3.3, P < 0.001). In conditional survival analyses based on 36 months' disease-free interval duration, 5-year overall survival estimates were as follows: good prognosis patients 96 vs. 89% at initial diagnosis without accounting for disease-free interval duration (Δ=+7); intermediate prognosis patients 94 vs. 85% at initial diagnosis without accounting for disease-free interval duration (Δ=+9); poor prognosis patients 94 vs. 65% at initial diagnosis without accounting for disease-free interval duration (Δ=+29). CONCLUSIONS Conditional survival estimates based on 36 months' disease-free interval duration provide a more accurate and more optimistic outlook for stage III non-seminoma patients than predictions defined at initial diagnosis, without accounting for disease-free interval duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reha-Baris Incesu
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Francesco Barletta
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, Gianfranco Soldera Prostate Cancer Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Tappero
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Simone Morra
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Cano Garcia
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lukas Scheipner
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Mattia Luca Piccinelli
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Zhe Tian
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Fred Saad
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Hourani Center of Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ottavio de Cobelli
- Department of Urology, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sascha Ahyai
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Felix K H Chun
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Longo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Terrone
- Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy; Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Integrated Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Briganti
- Unit of Urology/Division of Oncology, Gianfranco Soldera Prostate Cancer Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Derya Tilki
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Urology, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pierre I Karakiewicz
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Alci E, Kim SY, Yun HJ, Gozener S, Ozdemir M, Turk Y, Hassoy H, Lee YS, Kim SM, Icoz G, Chang HS, Makay O. Evaluation of public's perception of scar cosmesis after thyroidectomy: results of a survey of Turkish versus South Korean individuals. Ann Surg Treat Res 2023; 105:119-125. [PMID: 37693291 PMCID: PMC10485354 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2023.105.3.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Visible scars on the neck caused by thyroid surgery give rise to significant aesthetic, functional, and psychosocial problems. The objective of this study is to comparatively investigate the public perception of neck scar cosmesis in Turkish and South Korean populations. Methods This survey was prepared to collect participants' demographic and socioeconomic data and determine their perception of scar cosmesis on the neck and consisted of 15 questions. One thousand thirty-nine individuals who did not undergo thyroid surgery completed the survey. The P-values of <0.05 were deemed to indicate statistical significance. Results There were 1,039 respondents, of whom 525 (50.5%) were Turkish and 514 (49.5%) were South Korean. South Korean respondents stated that they would be significantly more uncomfortable with the thought of having a scar due to thyroid surgery, compared to the Turkish respondents (P < 0.001). The South Korean respondents stated that they would be significantly more concerned about the scar's length, thickness, and darkening color, compared to the Turkish respondents (P < 0.001 for all cases). Conclusion Patients' expectations, which are affected by various sociodemographic factors and cultural characteristics, are as important as the medical condition when deciding on the type of thyroid surgery. The study findings clearly indicated that the South Korean population would be significantly more uncomfortable with having a scar on the neck, compared to the Turkish population. Therefore, in selected cases, a scarless thyroidectomy approach, such as transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy, vestibular approach may be preferable for societies like South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erman Alci
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Türkiye
| | - Soo Young Kim
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital and Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeok Jun Yun
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital and Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seda Gozener
- Department of Anatomy, İstanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Murat Ozdemir
- Division Endocrine Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Ege University Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Yigit Turk
- Division Endocrine Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Ege University Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Hur Hassoy
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Yong Sang Lee
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital and Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok-Mo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital and Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gokhan Icoz
- Division Endocrine Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Ege University Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Hang-Seok Chang
- Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital and Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ozer Makay
- Division Endocrine Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Ege University Hospital, Izmir, Türkiye
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Roth L, Michl P, Rosendahl J. [Sex-specific differences in gastroenterological diseases]. INNERE MEDIZIN (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 64:736-743. [PMID: 36884055 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-023-01491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract present with substantial sex differences that have a potential impact on patient outcome. This fact is not sufficiently addressed either in basic research or in clinical studies. For example, most animal studies utilize male animals. Despite differences in incidence, sex may affect complication rates, prognosis, or therapeutic response. The incidence of gastrointestinal cancers is frequently higher in males, but this observation cannot solely rely on a distinct risk behaviour. Here, differences in immune response and p53 signalling may be factors responsible for this finding. Nevertheless, taking sex differences into account and improving our understanding of relevant mechanisms is crucial and will most likely have a substantial impact on disease outcome. This overview aims to highlight sex differences in the context of various gastroenterological diseases, primarily to enhance awareness. Attention to sex-specific differences is essential to improve individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Roth
- Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120, Halle (Saale), Deutschland.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Patrick Michl
- Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120, Halle (Saale), Deutschland
- Klinik für Innere Medizin IV, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Jonas Rosendahl
- Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin I, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120, Halle (Saale), Deutschland.
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Koh B, Tan DJH, Ng CH, Fu CE, Lim WH, Zeng RW, Yong JN, Koh JH, Syn N, Meng W, Wijarnpreecha K, Liu K, Chong CS, Muthiah M, Luu HN, Vogel A, Singh S, Yeoh KG, Loomba R, Huang DQ. Patterns in Cancer Incidence Among People Younger Than 50 Years in the US, 2010 to 2019. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2328171. [PMID: 37585204 PMCID: PMC10433086 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.28171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Emerging data suggest that the incidence of early-onset cancers, defined as cancers diagnosed in people younger than 50 years, is increasing, but updated data are limited. Objective To characterize the patterns in the incidence of early-onset cancers in the US from 2010 to 2019 and provide granular data on the cancers with the fastest-growing incidence rates. Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based cohort study analyzed data from 17 National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019. Age-standardized incidence rates per 100 000 people were extracted for early-onset cancers, with rates age adjusted to the US standard population. A total of 562 145 patients with early-onset cancer between 2010 and 2019 were identified and included. Data were analyzed from October 16, 2022, to May 23, 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcomes were incidence rates and descriptive epidemiological data for people younger than 50 years with cancer. The annual percentage change (APC) of the age-standardized incidence rate was estimated using the Joinpoint regression program. Results Among 562 145 patients (324 138 [57.7%] aged 40-49 years; 351 120 [62.5%] female) with early-onset cancer, 4565 (0.8%) were American Indian or Alaska Native, 54 876 (9.8%) were Asian or Pacific Islander, 61 048 (10.9%) were Black, 118 099 (21.0%) were Hispanic, 314 610 (56.0%) were White, and 8947 (1.6%) were of unknown race and/or ethnicity. From 2010 to 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate of early-onset cancers increased overall (APC, 0.28%; 95% CI, 0.09%-0.47%; P = .01) and in female individuals (APC, 0.67%; 95% CI, 0.39%-0.94%; P = .001) but decreased in male individuals (APC, -0.37%; 95% CI, -0.51% to -0.22%; P < .001). In contrast, the age-standardized incidence rate of cancers in individuals aged 50 years and older decreased over the study period (APC, -0.87%; 95% CI, -1.06% to -0.67%; P < .001). In 2019, the highest number of incident cases of early-onset cancer were in the breast (n = 12 649). From 2010 to 2019, gastrointestinal cancers had the fastest-growing incidence rates among all early-onset cancer groups (APC, 2.16%; 95% CI, 1.66%-2.67%; P < .001). Among gastrointestinal cancers, those with the fastest-growing incidence rates were in the appendix (APC, 15.61%; 95% CI, 9.21%-22.38%; P < .001), intrahepatic bile duct (APC, 8.12%; 95% CI, 4.94%-11.39%; P < .001), and pancreas (APC, 2.53%; 95% CI, 1.69%-3.38%; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study, the incidence rates of early-onset cancer increased from 2010 to 2019. Although breast cancer had the highest number of incident cases, gastrointestinal cancers had the fastest-growing incidence rates among all early-onset cancers. These data may be useful for the development of surveillance strategies and funding priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Koh
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Darren Jun Hao Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng Han Ng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Clarissa Elysia Fu
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Hui Lim
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Jie Ning Yong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Hong Koh
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Syn
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- National University Centre for Organ Transplantation, National University Health System, Singapore
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wang Meng
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Karn Wijarnpreecha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix
| | - Ken Liu
- AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Choon Seng Chong
- Ark Surgical Practice, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Muthiah
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Hung N. Luu
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Arndt Vogel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Siddharth Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Khay Guan Yeoh
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Rohit Loomba
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Daniel Q. Huang
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla
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Gyongyosi B, Magyar-Stang R, Takacs T, Szekely E, Illes Z, Nilsson C, Gyorke T, Barsi P, Juhasz D, Banky B, Bereczki D, Honnorat J, Gunda B. Paraneoplastic Kelch-like protein 11 antibody-associated cerebellar and limbic encephalitis caused by metastatic “burned-out” seminoma – A scar(r)y phenomenon. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 378:578073. [PMID: 36989702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The diagnosis of paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes is challenging when the primary tumor masquerades as scar tissue (i.e. "burned-out"). METHODS Case report. RESULTS A 45-year-old male patient presented with progressive cerebellar symptoms and hearing loss. Initial screening for malignancy and extensive testing of paraneoplastic and autoimmune neuronal antibodies gave negative results. Repeated whole-body FDG-PET CT revealed a single paraaortic lymphadenopathy, metastasis of a regressed testicular seminoma. Anti-Kelch-like protein-11 (KLHL11) encephalitis was finally diagnosed. CONCLUSION Our case highlights the importance of continued efforts to find an often burned-out testicular cancer in patients with a highly unique clinical presentation of KLHL11 encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedek Gyongyosi
- Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Magyar-Stang
- Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Timea Takacs
- Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; János Szentágothai Doctoral School of Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Szekely
- Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Illes
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Christine Nilsson
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tamas Gyorke
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Barsi
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Daniel Juhasz
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balazs Banky
- Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Gastroenterology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Daniel Bereczki
- Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jerome Honnorat
- French Reference Center on Paraneoplastic Neurological Diseases and Autoimmune Encephalitis, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
| | - Bence Gunda
- Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Kim Y. The association between red, processed and white meat consumption and risk of pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Cancer Causes Control 2023; 34:569-581. [PMID: 37071321 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-023-01698-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The association between meat consumption and the risk of pancreatic cancer has not been comprehensively investigated by different types of meat. The current study was conducted to evaluate this association. METHODS PubMed and Web of Science databases were used to search for prospective cohort studies on meat consumption and pancreatic cancer risk through May 2022. A meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models to combine study-specific relative risks (RR). The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. RESULTS Twenty prospective cohort studies including 3,934,909 participants and 11,315 pancreatic cancer cases were identified. The pooled RR of pancreatic cancer for the highest versus lowest white meat intake category was 1.14 (95% CI: 1.03-1.27). There was no significant association between consumption of red meat and processed meat and pancreatic cancer risk in the highest versus lowest analysis. In dose-response analyses, pooled RRs were 1.14 (95% CI: 1.01-1.28) for an increase in red meat consumption of 120 g per day and 1.26 (95% CI: 1.08-1.47) for an increase in white meat consumption of 100 g per day, respectively. Processed meat consumption showed neither a linear nor a non-linear association with pancreatic cancer risk. CONCLUSION Findings from this meta-analysis suggested that high consumption of red meat and white meat is associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Future prospective studies are warranted to confirm the association between meat consumption and the risk of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngyo Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition/Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinjudairo 501, Jinju, 52828, South Korea.
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32
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Wang Q, Cheng Y, Wang W, Tang X, Yang Y. Polyetherimide- and folic acid-modified Fe 3 O 4 nanospheres for enhanced magnetic hyperthermia performance. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:795-804. [PMID: 36382676 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the development prospects of magnetic hyperthermia in cancer therapy. A few studies on the application of Fe3 O4 nanospheres for the magnetic hyperthermia of gynecological malignancies have achieved certain efficacy, but there was no visible progress currently. In this work, Fe3 O4 nanospheres modified with polyetherimide (PEI) and folic acid (FA) were synthesized using a hydrothermal method for possible utility in biocompatible and active tumor-targeting magnetic induction hyperthermia. The PEI- and FA-coated Fe3 O4 nanospheres showed high crystallinity, well-dispersed spherical structures and ideal Ms value. As a result, the designed Fe3 O4 @ PEI@FA nanospheres achieved higher specific absorption rate (SAR) values at 360 kHz and 308 Oe, as well as excellent biocompatibility in Hela, SKOV3, HEC-1-A and NIH3T3 cells. These nanospheres can be used as an optimal heating agent for the magnetic hyperthermia treatment of gynecological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinganzi Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gynecological Oncology Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuemei Cheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gynecological Oncology Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gynecological Oncology Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Tang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gynecological Oncology Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,The Third People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongxiu Yang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Gynecological Oncology Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
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Potential Role of Natural Antioxidant Products in Oncological Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030704. [PMID: 36978952 PMCID: PMC10045077 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition has a significant effect and a crucial role in disease prevention. Low consumption of fruit and vegetables and a sedentary lifestyle are closely related with the onset and development of many types of cancer. Recently, nutraceuticals have gained much attention in cancer research due to their pleiotropic effects and relatively non-toxic behavior. In fact, although in the past there have been conflicting results on the role of some antioxidant compounds as allies against cancer, numerous recent clinical studies highlight the efficacy of dietary phytochemicals in the prevention and treatment of cancer. However, further investigation is necessary to gain a deeper understanding of the potential anticancer capacities of dietary phytochemicals as well as the mechanisms of their action. Therefore, this review examined the current literature on the key properties of the bioactive components present in the diet, such as carotenoids, polyphenols, and antioxidant compounds, as well as their use in cancer therapy. The review focused on potential chemopreventive properties, evaluating their synergistic effects with anticancer drugs and, consequently, the side effects associated with current cancer treatments.
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34
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García-Pardo M, Chang A, Schmid S, Dong M, Brown MC, Christiani D, Tindel HA, Brennan P, Chen C, Zhang J, Ryan BM, Zaridze D, Schabath MB, Leal LF, Reis RM, Tardon A, Fernández-Tardon G, Shete SS, Andrew A, Brenner H, Xu W, Hung RJ, Liu G. Respiratory and Cardiometabolic Comorbidities and Stages I to III NSCLC Survival: A Pooled Analysis From the International Lung Cancer Consortium. J Thorac Oncol 2023; 18:313-323. [PMID: 36396063 PMCID: PMC10463560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We explored the association of respiratory and cardiometabolic comorbidities with NSCLC overall survival (OS) and lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS), by stage, in a large, multicontinent NSCLC pooled data set. METHODS On the basis of patients pooled from 11 International Lung Cancer Consortium studies with available respiratory and cardiometabolic comorbidity data, adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) were estimated using Cox models for OS. LCSS was evaluated using competing risk Grey and Fine models and cumulative incidence functions. Logistic regression (adjusted OR [aOR]) was applied to assess factors associated with surgical resection. RESULTS OS analyses used patients with NSCLC with respiratory health or cardiometabolic health data (N = 16,354); a subset (n = 11,614) contributed to LCSS analyses. In stages I to IIIA NSCLC, patients with respiratory comorbidities had worse LCCS (stage IA aHR = 1.51, confidence interval [CI]: 1.17-1.95; stages IB-IIIA aHR = 1.20, CI: 1.06-1.036). In contrast, patients with stages I to IIIA NSCLC with cardiometabolic comorbidities had a higher risk of death from competing (non-NSCLC) causes (stage IA aHR = 1.34, CI: 1.12-1.69). The presence of respiratory comorbidities was inversely associated with having surgical resection (stage IA aOR = 0.54, CI: 0.35-0.83; stages IB-IIIA aOR = 0.57, CI: 0.46-0.70). CONCLUSIONS The presence of either cardiometabolic or respiratory comorbidities is associated with worse OS in stages I to III NSCLC. Patients with respiratory comorbidities were less likely to undergo surgery and had worse LCSS, whereas patients with cardiometabolic comorbidities had a higher risk of death from competing causes. As more treatment options for stages I to III NSCLC are introduced into the practice, accounting for cardiometabolic and respiratory comorbidities becomes essential in trial interpretation and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel García-Pardo
- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Amy Chang
- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sabine Schmid
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Mei Dong
- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Catherine Brown
- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Christiani
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hilary Aurora Tindel
- Division of Internal Medicine & Public Health and Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Brid M Ryan
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Centre for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David Zaridze
- Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Leticia Ferro Leal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Medical School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Adonina Tardon
- IUOPA, University of Oviedo and ISPA (Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias) and CIBERESP, Asturias, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernández-Tardon
- IUOPA, University of Oviedo and ISPA (Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias) and CIBERESP, Asturias, Spain
| | - Sanjay S Shete
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Hermann Brenner
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Network of Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wei Xu
- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health Systems, Toronto, Canada
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Bang S, Shin D, Moon HW, Cho HJ, Ha US, Lee JY, Hong SH. Comparison of transperitoneal and retroperitoneal partial nephrectomy with single port robot. J Endourol 2023; 37:551-556. [PMID: 36800901 DOI: 10.1089/end.2022.0730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the efficacy and safety of single port robotic transperitoneal (TP) and retroperitoneal (RP) partial nephrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS From September 2021 to June 2022, 30 sequential cases of partial nephrectomy performed after a single port (SP) robot was introduced to our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were diagnosed with T1 renal cell carcinoma and operated by a single expert in conventional robot with a da Vinci SP platform. RESULTS A total of 30 patients underwent SP robotic partial nephrectomy, including 16 (53.33%) by TP and 14 (47.67%) by RP. Body mass index was slightly higher in the TP group (25.37 vs. 23.53, p-value = 0.040). Other demographic characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference in ischemic time (727.41 ± 561.18 sec for TP and 698.56 ± 299.23 sec for RP, p-value = 0.812) or console time (67.97 ± 24.06 min for TP and 69.71 ± 28.66 min for RP, p-value = 0.724). There was no statistically significant difference in perioperative or pathological outcome either. Renal function calculated from DTPA was 103.33 ml/min/1.73m2 for TP and 101.33 ml/min/1.73m2 for RP (p-value = 0.214) postoperatively. It was 90.36 ml/min/1.73m2 for TP and 87.74 ml/min/1.73m2 for RP (p-value = 0.592) at 90 days after surgery. CONCLUSION SP robot partial nephrectomy can be performed effectively and safely regardless of the approach. Both TP and RP approaches offer similar perioperative and postoperative outcomes for T1 RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokhwan Bang
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Shin
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyong Woo Moon
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Jin Cho
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - U-Syn Ha
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Youl Lee
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoo Hong
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Republic of Korea
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Baek SY, Lee KH, Kim SB, Gomez H, Vidaurre T, Park YH, Ahn HK, Kim YS, Park IH, Ahn SG, Lee J, Jeong JH, Kim S, Kim HJ. Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward fertility preservation in patients with breast cancer: A cross-sectional survey of physicians. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1109694. [PMID: 36756160 PMCID: PMC9899882 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1109694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fertility is an important issue for young women with breast cancer, but studies about physicians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward fertility preservation (FP) are largely based on Western populations and do not reflect recent international guidelines for FP. In this international study, we aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of physicians from South Korea, other Asian countries, and Latin America toward FP in young women with breast cancer, and identify the related barriers. Methods The survey was conducted anonymously among physicians from South Korea, other Asian countries, and Latin America involved in breast cancer care between November 2020 and July 2021. Topics included knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions toward FP; practice behaviors; barriers; and participant demographics. We grouped related questions around two main themes-discussion with patients about FP, and consultation and referral to a reproductive endocrinologist. We analyzed the relationships between main questions and other survey items. Results A total of 151 physicians completed the survey. Most participants' overall knowledge about FP was good. More than half of the participants answered that they discussed FP with their patients in most cases, but that personnel to facilitate discussions about FP and the provision of educational materials were limited. A major barrier was time constraints in the clinic (52.6%). Discussion, consultations, and referrals were more likely to be performed by surgeons who primarily treated patients with operable breast cancer (FP discussion odds ratio [OR]: 2.90; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24-6.79; FP consultation and referral OR: 2.98; 95% CI: 1.14-7.74). Participants' knowledge and attitudes about FP were significantly associated with discussion, consultations, and referrals. Conclusion Physicians from South Korea, other Asian countries, and Latin America are knowledgeable about FP and most perform practice behaviors toward FP well. Physicians' knowledge and favorable attitudes are significantly related to discussion with patients, as well as consultation with and referral to reproductive endocrinologists. However, there are also barriers, such as limitations to human resources and materials, suggesting a need for a systematic approach to improve FP for young women with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yeon Baek
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Henry Gomez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Tatiana Vidaurre
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Yeon Hee Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Ahn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Seok Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chosun University College of Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hae Park
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gwe Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Jeong
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonok Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Kim
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Hee Jeong Kim,
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Trendowski MR, Kyko JM, Lusk CM, Ruterbusch JJ, Hastert TA, Harper FWK, Thompson H, Beebe‐Dimmer JL, Schwartz AG. Evaluation of health behaviors and overall quality of life in younger adult African American cancer survivors. Cancer Med 2023; 12:684-695. [PMID: 35655423 PMCID: PMC9844626 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies of cancer survivors have predominantly focused on non-Hispanic White, elderly patients, despite the observation that African Americans have higher rates of mortality. Therefore, we characterized cancer survivorship in younger African American survivors using the Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors (ROCS) study to assess health behaviors and quality of life. METHODS Five hundred and seventeen patients diagnosed with any cancer between the ages of 20-49 (mean age: 42 years; SD: 6.7 years) completed a survey to identify important clinical, behavioral, and sociodemographic characteristics, measures of health literacy, and experiences of discrimination. Quality of life outcomes were evaluated in patients using FACT-G, FACT-Cog, and PROMIS® Anxiety and Depression scales. Stepwise linear and logistic regression were used to assess the association between quality of life measures and participant characteristics. RESULTS The mean FACT-G score was 74.1 (SD: 21.3), while the FACT-Cog was 55.1 (SD: 17.1) (FACT-G range 0-108 with higher scores indicating better function; elderly cancer patient mean: 82.2; FACT-Cog 18-item range 0-72 points with higher scores indicating better perceived cognitive functioning; scores <54 indicating cognitive impairment). In addition, 27.1% and 21.6% of patients had a score indicative of moderate or severe anxiety and depression, respectively. Perceived discrimination and the number of discriminatory events were significantly associated with reductions in three of the four quality of life measures. Health literacy was positively associated with all four health measures, while total comorbidity count was negatively associated with three of the four measures. CONCLUSION Younger adult African American cancer survivors who report experiencing discrimination and suffer from multiple comorbid conditions have poorer mental and overall health. Understanding the unique clinical and socioeconomic stressors that influence this patient population is essential for reducing health disparities and improving long-term survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaclyn M. Kyko
- Department of OncologyWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
- Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Christine M. Lusk
- Department of OncologyWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
- Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Julie J. Ruterbusch
- Department of OncologyWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
- Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Theresa A. Hastert
- Department of OncologyWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
- Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Felicity W. K. Harper
- Department of OncologyWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
- Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Hayley Thompson
- Department of OncologyWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
- Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Jennifer L. Beebe‐Dimmer
- Department of OncologyWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
- Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Ann G. Schwartz
- Department of OncologyWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMichiganUSA
- Karmanos Cancer InstituteDetroitMichiganUSA
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NKD2 is correlated with the occurrence, progression and prognosis of thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:235. [PMID: 36348408 PMCID: PMC9641892 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00853-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid carcinoma (THCA) is the most prevalent type of tumor in endocrine system. NKD2 has been increasingly evidenced to play crucial roles in many cancers, except for THCA. We herein aimed to explore the potential role of NKD2 in THCA. Methods Totally 502 THCA patient data were downloaded from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database. Overall survival was estimated by Kaplan–Meier method. Gene set enrichment analysis was conducted to obtain significant functional pathways. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to determine the NKD2 expression differences among various groups. The NKD2 expression was validated in cell lines and tissue microarray. Results Significantly higher NKD2 expression was observed in THCA samples compared with adjacent samples, which were successfully verified in cell lines and tissue microarray. Moreover, NKD2 expression gradually elevated along with the increase of TNM Stage, and NKD2 expression was significantly higher in elder THCA patients compared with young patients. NKD2 highly expressed THCA patients had worse prognosis compared with NKD2 low-expressed patients. Furthermore, 53 pathways were significantly activated in the high NKD2 expression patients compared with low NKD2 expression THCA patients. Conclusions In summary, high NKD2 expression was probably related to the progression and poor prognosis of THCA. NKD2 is a promising prognostic biomarker and pathogenic target of THCA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40001-022-00853-2.
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Dib M, Justian N, Scharf C, Busch CJ, Burchardt M, Caetano-Pinto P. Recapitulating the Pharmacological Interactions of Cetuximab with Sunitinib and Cisplatin in Head and Neck Carcinoma Cells in vitro. Pharmacology 2022; 108:90-100. [PMID: 36273461 PMCID: PMC9811422 DOI: 10.1159/000527082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cisplatin is extensively used in the treatment of head and neck carcinomas. Cetuximab combination therapy is employed in recurrent and metastatic settings. Sunitinib showed positive results in the treatment of head and neck carcinomas, both as monotherapy or in combination with cetuximab. Nonetheless, the mechanism governing these pharmacological interactions is largely unresolved. This study investigates the impact of cetuximab on the cytotoxicity of cisplatin and sunitinib using cells representative of head and neck carcinoma and the oral epithelium. METHODS The uptake and efflux activities of cells were determined using the prototypical fluorescent substrates 4-[4-[dimethylamino]styryl)-1-methyl pyridinium iodide, Hoechst 33342, and calcein-AM in the presence or absence of specific inhibitors in cells pretreated with cetuximab. The expression of key uptake and efflux drug transporters was analyzed using qPCR and immunofluorescence. Cisplatin and sunitinib cytotoxicities after cetuximab pretreatment were evaluated using the PrestoBlue viability assay. RESULTS Both tumor and nontumor cells showed significant active drug transport activity. Cetuximab substantially deregulated the expression of key transporters involved in drug resistance in head and neck cancer cells. Transporter expression in the nontumor cell was unaffected. Upon cetuximab pretreatment, the half maximal effective toxic concentration of cisplatin was reduced by 0.75-fold and sunitinib by 0.82-fold in cancer cells. Nontumor cells were not sensitive to cisplatin or sunitinib under the conditions tested. CONCLUSION Cetuximab regulates the expression and activity of key membrane drug transporters in head and neck cancer cells, involved in drug resistance. The deregulation of the transport mechanism behind cisplatin and sunitinib uptake reverses drug resistance and enhances the cytotoxicity of both drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dib
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nathanil Justian
- Department of Urology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Scharf
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Chia-Jung Busch
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin Burchardt
- Department of Urology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Pedro Caetano-Pinto
- Department of Urology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany,*Pedro Caetano-Pinto,
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Gudenkauf FJ, Thrift AP. Preventable causes of cancer in Texas by race/ethnicity: Major modifiable risk factors in the population. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274905. [PMID: 36228017 PMCID: PMC9560474 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of modifiable risk factors have been designated as being causally related to cancer development. We aimed to estimate the percentage of incident cancer cases diagnosed in persons aged ≥25 years in Texas in 2015, overall and by race/ethnicity, that were attributable to these modifiable risk factors. METHODS We calculated population attributable fractions (PAFs) for cancers attributable to thirteen modifiable risk factors using prevalence data from the Texas Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, as well as relative risks estimates from prior studies and cancer incidence data from the Texas Cancer Registry. RESULTS Overall, 32.3% of all incident cancers (N = 33,416) in 2015 were attributable to modifiable risk factors. Men (35.1%) had a numerically higher overall PAF than women (29.5%). Tobacco smoking caused the highest proportion of cancers (18.4%), followed by overweight and obesity (6.6%) and excess alcohol consumption (2.9%). Non-Hispanic Blacks had a numerically higher overall PAF (36.8%) than non-Hispanic Whites (31.9%) and Hispanics (31.7%). Further, non-Hispanic Blacks had the highest combined PAFs for 85% of cancer sites analyzed, including lung/bronchus and mouth/pharynx/larynx. CONCLUSION Modifiable risk factors cause about one third of cancers in Texas. Non-Hispanic Blacks are especially affected by an excessive preventable cancer burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciska J. Gudenkauf
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Aaron P. Thrift
- Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ihenacho U, Hamilton AS, Mack WJ, Wu AH, Unger JB, Pathak DR, Hirko KA, Houang RT, Press MF, Schwartz KL, Marcus LR, Velie EM. Lifetime personal cigarette smoking and risk of young-onset breast cancer by subtype among non-Hispanic Black and White women in the Young Women's Health History Study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 195:353-366. [PMID: 35925453 PMCID: PMC10424682 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06675-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the association between lifetime personal cigarette smoking and young-onset breast cancer (YOBC; diagnosed <50 years of age) risk overall and by breast cancer (BC) subtype, and whether risk varies by race or socioeconomic position (SEP). METHODS Data are from the Young Women's Health History Study (YWHHS), a population-based case-control study of non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and White (NHW) women, ages 20-49 years (n = 1812 cases, n = 1381 controls) in the Los Angeles County and Metropolitan Detroit Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry areas, 2010-2015. Lifetime personal cigarette smoking characteristics and YOBC risk by subtype were examined using sample-weighted, multivariable-adjusted polytomous logistic regression. RESULTS YOBC risk associated with ever versus never smoking differed by subtype (Pheterogeneity = 0.01) with risk significantly increased for Luminal A (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.68) and HER2-type (aOR 1.97; 95% CI 1.23-3.16), and no association with Luminal B or Triple Negative subtypes. Additionally, ≥30 years since smoking initiation (versus never) was statistically significantly associated with an increased risk of Luminal A (aOR 1.55; 95% CI 1.07-2.26) and HER2-type YOBC (aOR 2.77; 95% CI 1.32-5.79), but not other subtypes. In addition, among parous women, smoking initiated before first full-term pregnancy (versus never) was significantly associated with an increased risk of Luminal A YOBC (aOR 1.45; 95% CI 1.11-1.89). We observed little evidence for interactions by race and SEP. CONCLUSION Findings confirm prior reports of a positive association between cigarette smoking and Luminal A YOBC and identify a novel association between smoking and HER2-type YOBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugonna Ihenacho
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Ann S. Hamilton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Wendy J. Mack
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Anna H. Wu
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Jennifer B. Unger
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Dorothy R. Pathak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Kelly A. Hirko
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Richard T. Houang
- Center for the Study of Curriculum, College of Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States
| | - Michael F. Press
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kendra L. Schwartz
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, United States
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States
| | - Lydia R. Marcus
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Ellen M. Velie
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
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Ugai T, Sasamoto N, Lee HY, Ando M, Song M, Tamimi RM, Kawachi I, Campbell PT, Giovannucci EL, Weiderpass E, Rebbeck TR, Ogino S. Is early-onset cancer an emerging global epidemic? Current evidence and future implications. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:656-673. [PMID: 36068272 PMCID: PMC9509459 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past several decades, the incidence of early-onset cancers, often defined as cancers diagnosed in adults <50 years of age, in the breast, colorectum, endometrium, oesophagus, extrahepatic bile duct, gallbladder, head and neck, kidney, liver, bone marrow, pancreas, prostate, stomach and thyroid has increased in multiple countries. Increased use of screening programmes has contributed to this phenomenon to a certain extent, although a genuine increase in the incidence of early-onset forms of several cancer types also seems to have emerged. Evidence suggests an aetiological role of risk factor exposures in early life and young adulthood. Since the mid-20th century, substantial multigenerational changes in the exposome have occurred (including changes in diet, lifestyle, obesity, environment and the microbiome, all of which might interact with genomic and/or genetic susceptibilities). However, the effects of individual exposures remain largely unknown. To study early-life exposures and their implications for multiple cancer types will require prospective cohort studies with dedicated biobanking and data collection technologies. Raising awareness among both the public and health-care professionals will also be critical. In this Review, we describe changes in the incidence of early-onset cancers globally and suggest measures that are likely to reduce the burden of cancers and other chronic non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Ugai
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Naoko Sasamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hwa-Young Lee
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Convergence Science, Convergence Science Academy, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mariko Ando
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rulla M Tamimi
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter T Campbell
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Zhu Family Center for Global Cancer Prevention, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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Reif de Paula T, Haas EM, Keller DS. Colorectal cancer in the 45-to-50 age group in the United States: a National Cancer Database (NCDB) analysis. Surg Endosc 2022; 36:6629-6637. [PMID: 34888710 PMCID: PMC9402772 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-021-08929-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amid increasing awareness of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC), guidelines in the United States (US) recently lowered the recommended routine CRC screening age from 50 to 45 in average-risk individuals. There are little data on the number of patients in this age group diagnosed with CRC prior to these changes. Our objective was to audit the historic CRC case trends and impact of CRC in the 45-to-50-year-old category prior to new screening recommendations. METHODS Colorectal adenocarcinoma cases in 45-to-50-year-old patients were queried from the NCDB (2004-2017). Cases were stratified by sex, race, and site. The disability-adjusted lost years (DALY) and lost earnings were estimated. The average annual percentage changes (AAPC) of CRC incidence were estimated using jointpoint analysis. The main outcome measures were DALY and lost earnings. Secondary outcome measures were the 2004-2017 AAPC and the cumulative incidence of potential CRC cases in the 45-to-50 cohort through 2030 without guideline changes. RESULTS 67,442 CRC patients in the 45-to-50 demographic were identified. The CRC burden resulted 899,905 DALY and $17 billion in lost earnings. The 2004-2017 AAPC was 1.6%, with an estimated 13-year increase of 25%. There were sex-, race-, and anatomic site-specific discrepancies with estimated 13-year increases of 30% for males, 110% for American Indian/ Alaska Natives/ Asian American/ Pacific Islander races, and 31% for rectal cancer by 2030. CONCLUSION CRC has been steadily increasing in the 45-to-50 age group, with tremendous disability and cost ensuing. There is great potential benefit from lowering the recommended routine CRC screening age to 45. Targeted intervention could ensure the most vulnerable segments benefit from the new guidelines, in both reducing the incidence and improving survivorship in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Reif de Paula
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Houston College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Houston Colon PLLC, Houston, TX USA
| | - Eric M. Haas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Houston College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Houston Colon PLLC, Houston, TX USA
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX USA
| | - Deborah S. Keller
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis Medical Center, 2335 Stockton Blvd. NAOB 6322, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
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Aschebrook-Kilfoy B, Zakin P, Craver A, Shah S, Kibriya MG, Stepniak E, Ramirez A, Clark C, Cohn E, Ohno-Machado L, Cicek M, Boerwinkle E, Schully SD, Mockrin S, Gebo K, Mayo K, Ratsimbazafy F, Sanders A, Shah RC, Argos M, Ho J, Kim K, Daviglus M, Greenland P, Ahsan H. An Overview of Cancer in the First 315,000 All of Us Participants. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272522. [PMID: 36048778 PMCID: PMC9436122 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The NIH All of Us Research Program will have the scale and scope to enable research for a wide range of diseases, including cancer. The program’s focus on diversity and inclusion promises a better understanding of the unequal burden of cancer. Preliminary cancer ascertainment in the All of Us cohort from two data sources (self-reported versus electronic health records (EHR)) is considered. Materials and methods This work was performed on data collected from the All of Us Research Program’s 315,297 enrolled participants to date using the Researcher Workbench, where approved researchers can access and analyze All of Us data on cancer and other diseases. Cancer case ascertainment was performed using data from EHR and self-reported surveys across key factors. Distribution of cancer types and concordance of data sources by cancer site and demographics is analyzed. Results and discussion Data collected from 315,297 participants resulted in 13,298 cancer cases detected in the survey (in 89,261 participants), 23,520 cancer cases detected in the EHR (in 203,813 participants), and 7,123 cancer cases detected across both sources (in 62,497 participants). Key differences in survey completion by race/ethnicity impacted the makeup of cohorts when compared to cancer in the EHR and national NCI SEER data. Conclusions This study provides key insight into cancer detection in the All of Us Research Program and points to the existing strengths and limitations of All of Us as a platform for cancer research now and in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briseis Aschebrook-Kilfoy
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Paul Zakin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Andrew Craver
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sameep Shah
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Muhammad G. Kibriya
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Stepniak
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Andrea Ramirez
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Cheryl Clark
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Cohn
- Hunter College City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Lucila Ohno-Machado
- University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Mine Cicek
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sheri D. Schully
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephen Mockrin
- National Institutes of Health, Leidos, Inc, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kelly Gebo
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kelsey Mayo
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Alan Sanders
- Northshore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Raj C. Shah
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Maria Argos
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Joyce Ho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Karen Kim
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Philip Greenland
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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Wan D, Liu Y, Guo X, Zhang J, Pan J. Intelligent Drug Delivery by Peptide-Based Dual-Function Micelles. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179698. [PMID: 36077102 PMCID: PMC9456463 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To endow the polymeric prodrug with smart properties through a safe and simple method, matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) responsive peptide GPLGVRGDG was introduced into the block copolymer to prepare TPGS3350-GPLGVRGDG-DOX&DOX micelles, where TPGS3350 is D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 3350 succinate. During the doxorubicin delivery, the cleavage of the peptide chain triggers de-PEGylation, and the remaining VRGDG sequence was retained on the surface of the micelles, which can act as a ligand to facilitate cell uptake. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of TPGS3350-GPLGVRGDG-DOX&DOX micelles against 4T1 cells was significantly improved, compared with TPGS3350-GPLGVRG-DOX&DOX micelles and TPGS3350-DOX&DOX micelles. During in vivo studies, TPGS3350-GPLGVRGDG-DOX&DOX micelles exhibited good anticancer efficacy with long circulation in the body and more efficient accumulation at the tumor site. Therefore, TPGS3350-GPLGVRGDG-DOX&DOX micelles have improved antitumor activity and reduced toxic side effects. This work opens new potential for exploring the strategy of drug delivery in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yujun Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xinhao Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (J.P.)
| | - Jie Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (J.P.)
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46
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Rapiti E, Fournier E, Schaffar R. High burden of invasive and non-invasive cancer among women aged 20–49 years: the situation in Geneva, Switzerland. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:349. [PMID: 35982426 PMCID: PMC9386990 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01933-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pattern of cancer among young adults aged 20–49 years is different than that observed in other age groups, most notably women present higher rates than those observed among men. Estimations of the burden of cancer disease among women of this age group, however, rarely include both invasive and non-invasive disease. Methods We calculated incidence rates of invasive and non-invasive cancers for women and men aged 20–49 years and by cancer site for the period 2014–2018 in the canton of Geneva, Switzerland using data from the population-based cancer registry. Results Between 2014 and 2018, the incidence rates of invasive and non-invasive cancers among women were 177.6/100,000 and 166.4/100,000, respectively. The rates among men of the same age were 110.6/100,000 and 31.8/100,000, respectively. Just three cancers, breast, thyroid and melanoma accounted for 70% of all invasive cancers among women. In situ cervical cancer represented over 70% of non-invasive disease. Conclusion Cancer among women aged 20–49 years is quite frequent. This is primarily a result of increasing risk, increased diagnosis or both and highlights the need for better primary prevention strategies, personalized risk assessment and tailored screening, as well as increased awareness of women and health professionals about health risks in young adults. The burden of cancer among people aged 20–49 is unequally distributed between men and women in Geneva. Women had 1.6- and five-times higher rates than men respectively for invasive and non-invasive cancers. Breast cancer, thyroid cancer and melanomas were the more frequent invasive cancer diagnoses observed among women. Cervical cancer accounted for 72% of the non-invasive cancer diagnoses. Increased cancer risk and increased detection are the drivers of this finding
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Wu M, Huang X, Gao L, Zhou G, Xie F. The application of photodynamic therapy in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Front Chem 2022; 10:967312. [PMID: 35936104 PMCID: PMC9353173 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.967312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a modern clinical treatment paradigm with the advantages of high selectivity, non-invasiveness, rare side-effect, no obvious drug resistance and easy combination with other therapies. These features have endowed PDT with high focus and application prospects. Studies of photodynamic therapy have been expanded in a lot of biomedical and clinical fields, especially Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (PRS) the author major in. In this review, we emphasize the mechanism and advances in PDT related to the PRS applications including benign pigmented lesions, vascular malformations, inflammatory lesions, tumor and others. Besides, combined with clinical data analysis, the limitation of PDT and current issues that need to be addressed in the field of PRS have also been discussed. At last, a comprehensive discussion and outlooking represent future progress of PDT in PRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Min Wu, ; Feng Xie,
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xie
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Min Wu, ; Feng Xie,
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Lee H, Singh GK. Disparities in All-cancer and Lung Cancer Survival by Social, Behavioral, and Health Status Characteristics in the United States: A Longitudinal Follow-up of the 1997-2015 National Health Interview Survey-National Death Index Record Linkage Study. J Cancer Prev 2022; 27:89-100. [PMID: 35864854 PMCID: PMC9271407 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2022.27.2.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjung Lee
- Department of Public Policy and Public Affairs, John McCormack Graduate School of Policy and Global Studies, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gopal K. Singh
- The Center for Global Health and Health Policy, Global Health and Education Projects, Inc., Riverdale, MD, USA
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49
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Esteva A, Feng J, van der Wal D, Huang SC, Simko JP, DeVries S, Chen E, Schaeffer EM, Morgan TM, Sun Y, Ghorbani A, Naik N, Nathawani D, Socher R, Michalski JM, Roach M, Pisansky TM, Monson JM, Naz F, Wallace J, Ferguson MJ, Bahary JP, Zou J, Lungren M, Yeung S, Ross AE, Sandler HM, Tran PT, Spratt DE, Pugh S, Feng FY, Mohamad O. Prostate cancer therapy personalization via multi-modal deep learning on randomized phase III clinical trials. NPJ Digit Med 2022; 5:71. [PMID: 35676445 PMCID: PMC9177850 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-022-00613-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most frequent cancer in men and a leading cause of cancer death. Determining a patient's optimal therapy is a challenge, where oncologists must select a therapy with the highest likelihood of success and the lowest likelihood of toxicity. International standards for prognostication rely on non-specific and semi-quantitative tools, commonly leading to over- and under-treatment. Tissue-based molecular biomarkers have attempted to address this, but most have limited validation in prospective randomized trials and expensive processing costs, posing substantial barriers to widespread adoption. There remains a significant need for accurate and scalable tools to support therapy personalization. Here we demonstrate prostate cancer therapy personalization by predicting long-term, clinically relevant outcomes using a multimodal deep learning architecture and train models using clinical data and digital histopathology from prostate biopsies. We train and validate models using five phase III randomized trials conducted across hundreds of clinical centers. Histopathological data was available for 5654 of 7764 randomized patients (71%) with a median follow-up of 11.4 years. Compared to the most common risk-stratification tool-risk groups developed by the National Cancer Center Network (NCCN)-our models have superior discriminatory performance across all endpoints, ranging from 9.2% to 14.6% relative improvement in a held-out validation set. This artificial intelligence-based tool improves prognostication over standard tools and allows oncologists to computationally predict the likeliest outcomes of specific patients to determine optimal treatment. Outfitted with digital scanners and internet access, any clinic could offer such capabilities, enabling global access to therapy personalization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Shih-Cheng Huang
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jeffry P Simko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sandy DeVries
- NRG Oncology Biospecimen Bank, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Todd M Morgan
- Division of Urologic Oncology, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yilun Sun
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jeff M Michalski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mack Roach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Farah Naz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Horizon Health Network-Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John, JB E2L 4L2, CA, Canada
| | - James Wallace
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ingalls Memorial Hospital, Harvey, IL, USA
| | - Michelle J Ferguson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Allan Blair Cancer Centre, Regina, SK S4T 7T1, CA, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Bahary
- Department of Radiation Oncology, CHUM - Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 3E4, CA, Canada
| | - James Zou
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Lungren
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Serena Yeung
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ashley E Ross
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Howard M Sandler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Phuoc T Tran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel E Spratt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stephanie Pugh
- NRG Oncology Statistics and Data Management Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Felix Y Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Osama Mohamad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Lee B, Keyes E, Rachocki C, Grimes B, Chen E, Vittinghoff E, Ladabaum U, Somsouk M. Increased Colorectal Cancer Screening Sustained with Mailed Fecal Immunochemical Test Outreach. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 20:1326-1333.e4. [PMID: 34280552 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Reports of mailed fecal immunochemical test (FIT) outreach effectiveness over time are minimal. We aimed to better evaluate a mailed FIT program with longitudinal metrics. METHODS A total of 10,771 patients aged 50 to 75 years not up-to-date with colorectal cancer screening were randomized to intervention or usual care. The intervention arm received an advanced notification call and informational postcard prior to a mailed FIT. Usual care was at the discretion of the primary care provider. Patients were followed for up to 2.5 years. The primary outcome was the difference in cumulative proportion of completed FIT screening between arms. Screening was further examined with the proportion of time up-to-date, consistency of adherence, and frequency of abnormal FIT. RESULTS The cumulative proportion of FIT completion was higher in the outreach intervention (73.2% vs 55.1%; P < .001). The proportion of time covered by screening was higher in the intervention group (46.8% vs 27.3%; Δ19.6%; 95% confidence interval, 18.2%-20.9%). Patients assigned to FIT outreach were more likely to consistently complete FITs (2 completed of 2 offered) (50.1% vs 21.8%; P < .001). However, for patients who did not complete the FIT during the first cycle, only 17.1% completed a FIT during the second outreach cycle. The number and overall proportion of abnormal FIT was significantly higher in the outreach intervention (6.9% Outreach vs 4.1% Usual Care; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Organized mailed FIT outreach significantly increased colorectal cancer screening over multiple years in this safety-net health system. Although mailing was overall effective, the effect was modest in patients who did not complete FIT in first cycle of intervention. (ClincialTrials.gov, NCT02613260).
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Affiliation(s)
- Briton Lee
- School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Erin Keyes
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Barbara Grimes
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Ellen Chen
- San Francisco Health Network, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Uri Ladabaum
- Division of Gastroenterology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Ma Somsouk
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
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