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Hu Y, Khan S, Yin L, Tang H, Huang J. Investigating aluminum toxicity effects on callose deposition, oxidative stress, and nutrient homeostasis in banana genotypes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33071-w. [PMID: 38632199 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity poses a significant challenge to agricultural productivity, particularly in acidic soils. The banana crop, predominantly cultivated in tropical and subtropical climates, often grapples with low pH and Al toxicity. This study seeks to explore the differential responses of two banana genotypes with varying Al tolerance (Baodao and Baxi) to Al exposure (100 and 500 µM) for 24 h. Microscopic analysis uncovered distinctive structural modifications in root cells, with Baodao displaying more severe alterations in response to Al stress. There was higher superoxide (O2-.) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and lipid peroxidation in Baodao indicating enhanced oxidative stress and membrane damage. Al accumulation in root tips was higher in Baxi than Baodao, while the roots of Baodao had a higher accumulation of callose. Nutrient content analysis revealed alterations in ion levels, highlighting the impact of Al exposure on nutrient uptake and homeostasis. In summary, Al differentially affects callose deposition, which, in turn, leads to Al uptake and nutrient homeostasis alteration in two contrasting banana genotypes. This intricate interplay is a key factor in understanding plant responses to aluminum toxicity and can inform strategies for crop improvement and soil management in aluminum-stressed environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Liyan Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hua Tang
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Jiaquan Huang
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Sanya, 572022, China.
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2
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Vera-Maldonado P, Aquea F, Reyes-Díaz M, Cárcamo-Fincheira P, Soto-Cerda B, Nunes-Nesi A, Inostroza-Blancheteau C. Role of boron and its interaction with other elements in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1332459. [PMID: 38410729 PMCID: PMC10895714 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1332459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Boron (B) is an essential microelement for plants, and its deficiency can lead to impaired development and function. Around 50% of arable land in the world is acidic, and low pH in the soil solution decreases availability of several essential mineral elements, including B, magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and potassium (K). Plants take up soil B in the form of boric acid (H3BO3) in acidic soil or tetrahydroxy borate [B(OH)4]- at neutral or alkaline pH. Boron can participate directly or indirectly in plant metabolism, including in the synthesis of the cell wall and plasma membrane, in carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and in the formation of ribonucleic acid (RNA). In addition, B interacts with other nutrients such as Ca, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), K, and zinc (Zn). In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of B uptake, absorption, and accumulation and its interactions with other elements, and how it contributes to the adaptation of plants to different environmental conditions. We also discuss potential B-mediated networks at the physiological and molecular levels involved in plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vera-Maldonado
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Felipe Aquea
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marjorie Reyes-Díaz
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Paz Cárcamo-Fincheira
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Braulio Soto-Cerda
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
- Nucleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Claudio Inostroza-Blancheteau
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biotecnología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
- Nucleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
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Nagasawa K, Fukushima K, Setoguchi H, Katsuyama M, Sakaguchi S. Extreme low pH, not Al 3+ , is a key abiotic stressor for the extremophyte Carex angustisquama (Cyperaceae) in highly acidic solfatara fields. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:551-562. [PMID: 36825368 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Volcanic acidification creates extreme soil conditions, where rhizotoxicity from extremely low pH (2-3) and high Al3+ strongly inhibit plant growth. C. angustisquama is a dominant extremophyte in highly acidic solfatara fields, where no other vascular plants can survive. Here we investigated the key abiotic stressor determining survival of this extremophyte. Soil analyses and topographic surveys were conducted to examine the effects of low pH and Al3+ , two major abiotic stressors in acidic soils, on the occurrence of C. angustisquama in solfatara fields. Hydroponic culture experiments were also performed to test its growth responses to these stressors. In field surveys, the spatial distribution of soil pH was consistent with vegetation zonation within a solfatara field. In contrast, soil exchangeable Al content was overall low due to strong eluviation. Statistical analysis also supported the significant role of soil pH in determining the distribution of C. angustisquama in a solfatara field. Furthermore, hydroponic culture experiments revealed a higher tolerance of C. angustisquama to low pH than a sister species, especially in the range pH 2-3, corresponding to the pH values of the actual habitats of C. angustisquama. Conversely, no significant interspecific difference was detected in Al3+ tolerance, indicating that both species had high Al3+ tolerance. This study suggests that low pH is a critical abiotic stressor leading to formation of the extremophyte in highly acidic solfatara fields. In contrast, C. angustisquama displayed high tolerance to Al3+ toxicity, probably acquired prior to speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nagasawa
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Fukushima
- The Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - H Setoguchi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Katsuyama
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Sakaguchi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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4
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Tao L, Xiao X, Huang Q, Zhu H, Feng Y, Li Y, Li X, Guo Z, Liu J, Wu F, Pirayesh N, Mahmud S, Shen RF, Shabala S, Baluška F, Shi L, Yu M. Boron supply restores aluminum-blocked auxin transport by the modulation of PIN2 trafficking in the root apical transition zone. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:176-192. [PMID: 36721978 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The supply of boron (B) alleviates the toxic effects of aluminum (Al) on root growth; however, the mechanistic basis of this process remains elusive. This study filled this knowledge gap, demonstrating that boron modifies auxin distribution and transport in Al-exposed Arabidopsis roots. In B-deprived roots, treatment with Al induced an increase in auxin content in the root apical meristem zone (MZ) and transition zone (TZ), whereas in the elongation zone (EZ) the auxin content was decreased beyond the level required for adequate growth. These distribution patterns are explained by the fact that basipetal auxin transport from the TZ to the EZ was disrupted by Al-inhibited PIN-FORMED 2 (PIN2) endocytosis. Experiments involving the modulation of protein biosynthesis by cycloheximide (CHX) and transcriptional regulation by cordycepin (COR) demonstrated that the Al-induced increase of PIN2 membrane proteins was dependent upon the inhibition of PIN2 endocytosis, rather than on the transcriptional regulation of the PIN2 gene. Experiments reporting on the profiling of Al3+ and PIN2 proteins revealed that the inhibition of endocytosis of PIN2 proteins was the result of Al-induced limitation of the fluidity of the plasma membrane. The supply of B mediated the turnover of PIN2 endosomes conjugated with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and thus restored the Al-induced inhibition of IAA transport through the TZ to the EZ. Overall, the reported results demonstrate that boron supply mediates PIN2 endosome-based auxin transport to alleviate Al toxicity in plant roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xiao
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Qiuyu Huang
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Hu Zhu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Yingming Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yalin Li
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Xuewen Li
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Zhishan Guo
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Jiayou Liu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Feihua Wu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Niloufar Pirayesh
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sakil Mahmud
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ren Fang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - František Baluška
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology and Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
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Feng Q, Sehar S, Zhou F, Wei D, Askri SMH, Ma Z, Adil MF, Shamsi IH. Physiological and TMT-based quantitative proteomic responses of barley to aluminium stress under phosphorus-Piriformospora indica interaction. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:634-646. [PMID: 36791535 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most important cereal crop in the world, and is also the one being seriously affected by heavy metals, particularly aluminium (Al). Keeping in view the utility of barley as food, fodder and raw material for traditional beer brewing, the top-notch quality and higher production of this crop must be sustained. Phosphorus (P) has a quintessential role in plant growth with a potential to relieve symptoms caused by Al poisoning. Displaying a phytopromotive and stress alleviatory potential, Piriformospora indica (P. indica) can improve the stress tolerance in crops. Several studies have been conducted to evaluate the mechanism of Al translocation in a variety of crops including barley, however, the bio-remediative studies related to detoxification and/or sequestration of metals are scarce. Therefore, the current study was carried out to elucidate the tolerance mechanism of an Al-sensitive barley cultivar ZU9 following the colonization with P. indica and exogenous P supply by physio-biochemical, elemental, leaf ultrastructural and root proteome analyses. When compared to the Al alone treated counterparts, the Al + P + P.i treated plants exhibited 4.1-, 1.38-, 2.7 and 1.35-fold improved root and shoot fresh and dry weights, respectively. With the provision of additional phosphorus, the content of P in the root and shoot for Al + P + P.i group was reportedly higher (71.6% and 49.5%, respectively) as compared to the control group. Moreover, inoculation of P. indica combined with P improved barley leaves' cell arrangement and also maintained normal cell wall shape. The root protemics experiment was divided into three groups: Al, Al + P.i and Al + P + P.i. In total, 28, 598, and 823 differentially expressed proteins were found in Al + P.i vs. Al and Al + P + P.i vs. Al, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was the most prominently enriched pathway, which contributed significantly to the recuperating effects of P-P. indica interaction. Conslusively, it was found that the percentage of protein related to peroxidase was 70/359 (Al + P + P.i vs. Al) and 92/447 (Al + P + P.i vs. Al + P.i), respectively, which indicated that P. indica in combination with P might be involved in the regulation of peroxidases, increasing the adaptability of barley plants by enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechansism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidong Feng
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shafaque Sehar
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fanrui Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Dongming Wei
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Syed Muhammad Hassan Askri
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhengxin Ma
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Faheem Adil
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Imran Haider Shamsi
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Yan L, Li S, Cheng J, Zhang Y, Jiang C. Boron-mediated lignin metabolism in response to aluminum toxicity in citrus (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.) root. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 185:1-12. [PMID: 35640496 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity has conspicuous detrimental effects on citrus production whereas boron (B) has been shown to alleviate its toxicity. Lignin plays a critical role in the cell wall extensibility and root elongation under stressed conditions. Hence, the interaction between B and Al on cell wall structure and lignin-related metabolic pathway was investigated in root of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.) seedlings. The results showed B supply considerably decreased the Al content in root, particularly in cell wall, and reduced Al-induced damage on growth-related parameters and thickness of cell wall. Boron application decreased the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and lignin contents in the Al-treated root, which prevents the inhibitory effects of Al on the root length. Moreover, metabonomics results showed that B addition resulted in the reduction of metabolites involved in the lignin biosynthesis pathways (phenylpropanoid metabolic) i.e., shikimic acid, tyrosine, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, coniferyl alcohol, sinapinic acid, sinapaldehyde, and sinapyl alcohol, as well as distinctively restrain the activities of lignin biosynthesis-related enzymes (4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD)) under Al toxicity. Collectively, our findings suggest that the positive effects of B on the resistance of Al toxicity may be it reduces Al accumulation in the cell wall, lignin biosynthesis, and cell wall thickness, thereby increasing the extensibility and elasticity of cell wall and thus promoting root elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yan
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China.
| | - Shuang Li
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China.
| | - Jin Cheng
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China.
| | - Yaru Zhang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China.
| | - Cuncang Jiang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, PR China.
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The Role of NO in the Amelioration of Heavy Metal Stress in Plants by Individual Application or in Combination with Phytohormones, Especially Auxin. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14148400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Since the time of the Industrial Revolution, the accumulation of various heavy metals (HMs), such as cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), etc., has increased substantially in the soil, causing a real risk to all kinds of consumers in the food chain. Moreover, excess HM accumulation is considered a major factor in decreasing plant growth and productivity. A number of recent studies have exhibited the astonishing impact of nitric oxide (NO), a multifunctional, gaseous signal molecule, on alleviating the destructive effects of HMs. Many reports revealed the noteworthy contribution of NO in reducing HM uptake and toxicity levels. In the present review, focus is given to the contribution of NO to decrease the toxicity levels of different HMs in a variety of plant species and their accumulation in those species. Simultaneously, this review also demonstrates the effects of NO on HM-stressed species, by its use both individually and along with auxin, a plant-growth-promoting phytohormone. Different perspectives about the reaction to the co-application of NO and auxin, as well as the differential role of NO to overcome HM stress, have been expanded.
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John WA, Lückel B, Matschiavelli N, Hübner R, Matschi S, Hoehenwarter W, Sachs S. Endocytosis is a significant contributor to uranium(VI) uptake in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) BY-2 cells in phosphate-deficient culture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153700. [PMID: 35168012 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis of metals in plants is a growing field of study involving metal uptake from the rhizosphere. Uranium, which is naturally and artificially released into the rhizosphere, is known to be taken up by certain species of plant, such as Nicotiana tabacum, and we hypothesize that endocytosis contributes to the uptake of uranium in tobacco. The endocytic uptake of uranium was investigated in tobacco BY-2 cells using an optimized setup of culture in phosphate-deficient medium. A combination of methods in biochemistry, microscopy and spectroscopy, supplemented by proteomics, were used to study the interaction of uranium and the plant cell. We found that under environmentally relevant uranium concentrations, endocytosis remained active and contributed to 14% of the total uranium bioassociation. Proteomics analyses revealed that uranium induced a change in expression of the clathrin heavy chain variant, signifying a shift in the type of endocytosis taking place. However, the rate of endocytosis remained largely unaltered. Electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed an adsorption of uranium to cell surfaces and deposition in vacuoles. Our results demonstrate that endocytosis constitutes a considerable proportion of uranium uptake in BY-2 cells, and that endocytosed uranium is likely targeted to the vacuole for sequestration, providing a physiologically safer route for the plant than uranium transported through the cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren A John
- Helmholtz - Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Benita Lückel
- Helmholtz - Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicole Matschiavelli
- Helmholtz - Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - René Hübner
- Helmholtz - Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Matschi
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Susanne Sachs
- Helmholtz - Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.
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9
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Liu J, Shi B, Zhang M, Liu G, Ding Z, Tian H. Transition Zone1 Negatively Regulates Arabidopsis Aluminum Resistance Through Interaction With Aconitases. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:827797. [PMID: 35154218 PMCID: PMC8829429 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.827797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The soluble form of aluminum (Al) is a major constraint to crop production in acidic soils. The Al exclusion correlated with the Al-induced organic acid is considered as an important mechanism of Al resistance. The regulation of organic acid exudation in response to Al stress mediated by the root organic acid transporters has been extensively studied. However, how plants respond to Al stress through the regulation of organic acid homeostasis is not well understood. In this study, we identified the functionally unknown Transition zone1 (TZ1) as an Al-inducible gene in the root transition zone, the most sensitive region to Al stress, in Arabidopsis. tz1 mutants showed enhanced Al resistance and displayed greatly reduced root growth inhibition. Furthermore, TZ1 was found to interact with the aconitases (ACOs) which can catalyze the conversion from citrate, one of the most important organic acids, into isocitrate. Consistently, in tz1 mutants, the citric acid content was highly increased. Collectively, this study provides evidence to show that TZ1 negatively regulates root growth response to Al stress through interacting with ACOs and regulating citric acid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Benhui Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengxin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guangchao Liu
- Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province, College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huiyu Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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10
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Sagar S, Singh A. Emerging role of phospholipase C mediated lipid signaling in abiotic stress tolerance and development in plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:2123-2133. [PMID: 34003316 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stimuli are primarily perceived at the plasma membrane. Stimuli perception leads to membrane disintegration and generation of molecules which trigger lipid signaling. In plants, lipid signaling regulates important biological functions however, the molecular mechanism involved is unclear. Phospholipases C (PLCs) are important lipid-modifying enzymes in eukaryotes. In animals, PLCs by hydrolyzing phospholipids, such as phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] generate diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol- 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). However, in plants their phosphorylated variants i.e., phosphatidic acid (PA) and inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) are proposed to mediate lipid signaling. Specific substrate preferences divide PLCs into phosphatidylinositol-PLC (PI-PLC) and non-specific PLCs (NPC). PLC activity is regulated by various cellular factors including, calcium (Ca2+) concentration, phospholipid substrate, and post-translational modifications. Both PI-PLCs and NPCs are implicated in plants' response to stresses and development. Emerging evidences show that PLCs regulate structural and developmental features, like stomata movement, microtubule organization, membrane remodelling and root development under abiotic stresses. Thus, crucial insights are provided into PLC mediated regulatory mechanism of abiotic stress responses in plants. In this review, we describe the structure and regulation of plant PLCs. In addition, cellular and physiological roles of PLCs in abiotic stresses, phosphorus deficiency, aluminium toxicity, pollen tube growth, and root development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Sagar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Amarjeet Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Li C, Liu G, Geng X, He C, Quan T, Hayashi KI, De Smet I, Robert HS, Ding Z, Yang ZB. Local regulation of auxin transport in root-apex transition zone mediates aluminium-induced Arabidopsis root-growth inhibition. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:55-66. [PMID: 34273207 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) stress is a major limiting factor for worldwide crop production in acid soils. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the TAA1-dependent local auxin biosynthesis in the root-apex transition zone (TZ), the major perception site for Al toxicity, is crucial for the Al-induced root-growth inhibition, while the mechanism underlying Al-regulated auxin accumulation in the TZ is not fully understood. In the present study, the role of auxin transport in Al-induced local auxin accumulation in the TZ and root-growth inhibition was investigated. Our results showed that PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins such as PIN1, PIN3, PIN4 and PIN7 and AUX1/LAX proteins such as AUX1, LAX1 and LAX2 were all ectopically up-regulated in the root-apex TZ in response to Al stress and coordinately regulated local auxin accumulation in the TZ and root-growth inhibition. The ectopic up-regulation of PIN1 in the TZ under Al stress was regulated by both ethylene and auxin, with auxin signalling acting downstream of ethylene. Al-induced PIN1 up-regulation and auxin accumulation in the root-apex TZ was also regulated by the calossin-like protein BIG. Together, our results provide insight into how Al stress induces local auxin accumulation in the TZ and root-growth inhibition through the local regulation of auxin transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, P.R. China
| | - Guangchao Liu
- School of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Geng
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei He
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, P.R. China
| | - Taiyong Quan
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, P.R. China
| | - Ken-Ichiro Hayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, 700-0005, Japan
| | - Ive De Smet
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Genetics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hélène S Robert
- Mendel Centre for Genomics and Proteomics of Plants Systems, CEITEC MU - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, 004205, Czech Republic
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Bao Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, P.R. China
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Sommer A, Hoeftberger M, Foissner I. Fluid-phase and membrane markers reveal spatio-temporal dynamics of membrane traffic and repair in the green alga Chara australis. PROTOPLASMA 2021; 258:711-728. [PMID: 33704568 PMCID: PMC8211606 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the mechanisms and the spatio-temporal dynamics of fluid-phase and membrane internalization in the green alga Chara australis using fluorescent hydrazides markers alone, or in conjunction with styryl dyes. Using live-cell imaging, immunofluorescence and inhibitor studies we revealed that both fluid-phase and membrane dyes were actively taken up into the cytoplasm by clathrin-mediated endocytosis and stained various classes of endosomes including brefeldin A- and wortmannin-sensitive organelles (trans-Golgi network and multivesicular bodies). Uptake of fluorescent hydrazides was poorly sensitive to cytochalasin D, suggesting that actin plays a minor role in constitutive endocytosis in Chara internodal cells. Sequential pulse-labelling experiments revealed novel aspects of the temporal progression of endosomes in Chara internodal cells. The internalized fluid-phase marker distributed to early compartments within 10 min from dye exposure and after about 30 min, it was found almost exclusively in late endocytic compartments. Notably, fluid cargo consecutively internalized at time intervals of more than 1h, was not targeted to the same vesicular structures, but was sorted into distinct late compartments. We further found that fluorescent hydrazide dyes distributed not only to rapidly recycling endosomes but also to long-lived compartments that participated in plasma membrane repair after local laser injury. Our approach highlights the benefits of combining different fluid-phase markers in conjunction with membrane dyes in simultaneous and sequential application modus for investigating vesicle traffic, especially in organisms, which are still refractory to genetic transformation like characean algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniela Sommer
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Margit Hoeftberger
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ilse Foissner
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
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Yadav V, Arif N, Kováč J, Singh VP, Tripathi DK, Chauhan DK, Vaculík M. Structural modifications of plant organs and tissues by metals and metalloids in the environment: A review. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 159:100-112. [PMID: 33359959 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
At the dawn of the industrial revolution, the exorbitant use of heavy metals and toxic elements by mankind unfurls a powerful and complex web of hazard all around the world that significantly contributed to unprecedented trends in environmental degradation. Plants as sessile organisms, that cannot escape from the stress directly, have adapted to this environment via concurrent configurations of several traits. Among them the anatomy has been identified as much more advanced field of research that brought the explosion of interest among the expertise and its prodigious importance in stress physiology is unavoidable. In conjunction with various other disciplines, like physiology, biochemistry, genomics and metabolomics, the plant anatomy provides a large data sets that are paving the way towards a comprehensive and holistic understanding of plant growth, development, defense and productivity under heavy metal and toxic element stress. Present paper advances our recent knowledge about structural alterations of plant tissues induced by metals and metalloids, like antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), aluminium (Al), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) and points on essential role of plant anatomy and its understanding for plant growth and development in changing environment. Understanding of anatomical adaptations of various plant organs and tissues to heavy metals and metalloids could greatly contribute to integral and modern approach for investigation of plants in changing environmental conditions. These findings are necessary for understanding of the whole spectra of physiological and biochemical reactions in plants and to maintain the crop productivity worldwide. Moreover, our holistic perception regarding the processes underlying the plant responses to metal(loids) at anatomical level are needed for improving crop management and breeding techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Yadav
- D. D. Pant Interdisciplinary Research Lab, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211 002, India
| | - Namira Arif
- D. D. Pant Interdisciplinary Research Lab, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211 002, India
| | - Ján Kováč
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B2, Ilkovičova 6, SK-842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Phytology, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 960 01, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent PG College of University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, I 2 Block, 5th Floor, AUUP Campus Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India.
| | - Devendra Kumar Chauhan
- D. D. Pant Interdisciplinary Research Lab, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211 002, India.
| | - Marek Vaculík
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina B2, Ilkovičova 6, SK-842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 23, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Malangisha GK, Yang Y, Moustafa-Farag M, Fu Q, Shao W, Wang J, Shen L, Huai Y, Lv X, Shi P, Ali A, Lin Y, Khan J, Ren Y, Yang J, Hu Z, Zhang M. Subcellular distribution of aluminum associated with differential cell ultra-structure, mineral uptake, and antioxidant enzymes in root of two different Al +3-resistance watermelon cultivars. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:613-625. [PMID: 32853854 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Crop plants, such as watermelon, suffer from severe Aluminum (Al3+)-toxicity in acidic soils with their primary root elongation being first arrested. However, the significance of apoplastic or symplastic Al3+-toxicity in watermelon root is scarcely reported. In this work, we identified a medium fruit type (ZJ) and a small fruit type (NBT) as Al+3-tolerant and sensitive based on their differential primary root elongation rate respectively, and used them to show the effects of symplastic besides apoplastic Al distribution in the watermelon's root. Although the Al content was higher in the root of NBT than ZJ, Al+3 allocated in their apoplast, vacuole and plastid fractions were not significantly different between the two cultivars. Thus, only a few proportion of Al+3 differentially distributed in the nucleus and mitochondria corresponded to interesting differential morphological and physiological disorders recorded in the root under Al+3-stress. The symplastic amount of Al+3 substantially induced the energy efficient catalase pathway in ZJ, and the energy consuming ascorbate peroxidase pathway in NBT. These findings coincided with obvious starch granule visibility in the root ultra-structure of ZJ than NBT, suggesting a differential energy was used in supporting the root elongation and nutrient uptake for Al+3-tolerance in the two cultivars. This work provides clues that could be further investigated in the identification of genetic components and molecular mechanisms associated with Al+3-tolerance in watermelon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Kateta Malangisha
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Lubumbashi, /UNILU, Lubumbashi, 1825, RD Congo
| | - Yubin Yang
- Agriculture, Rural area and water conservancy bureau of Wenling, Wenling, 317500, PR China
| | - Mohamed Moustafa-Farag
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Continuing Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Shao
- Zhejiang Wuwangnong agricultural seed industry science Research institute, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China
| | - Jianke Wang
- Zhejiang Wuwangnong agricultural seed industry science Research institute, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China
| | - Li Shen
- Zhejiang Wuwangnong agricultural seed industry science Research institute, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China
| | - Yan Huai
- Zhejiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center, 310020, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Lv
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Pibiao Shi
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Abid Ali
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yi Lin
- Agriculture, Rural area and water conservancy bureau of Wenling, Wenling, 317500, PR China
| | - Jehanzeb Khan
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yongyuan Ren
- Zhejiang Wuwangnong agricultural seed industry science Research institute, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China
| | - Jinghua Yang
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Zhongyuan Hu
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Mingfang Zhang
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
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Arriola ÍA, Figueiredo MA, Boanares D, França MGC, Isaias RMDS. Apoplast-symplast compartmentalization and functional traits of iron and aluminum in promeristematic tissues of nematode induced galls on Miconia spp. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 154:360-368. [PMID: 32912482 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The nutritive tissues of galls induced by Ditylenchus gallaeformans (Nematoda) have promeristematic capacity, which may turn these galls into sinks of Al on their Melastomataceae Al-accumulating hosts. Such a sink of Al may affect gall growth and mineral nutrient intake. Based on the fact that galls are good models for plant developmental studies, we aimed to understand how Al-accumulating host plants in the Cerrado environment deal with Al toxicity in subcellular levels. Here, we used the ICP-OES method to check the variations on mineral nutrients, and the morin, hematoxylin, and Prussian blue stainings for Al and Fe histolocalization in galls induced on four Miconia species of the Brazilian Cerrado. We confirmed the new Al-accumulating feature for two Miconia species of the Cerrado environment. Furthermore, we found that Al accumulates in lesser concentrations in gall tissues than in non-galled tissues of the Miconia hosts. Staining methods indicated that the polyphenols avoid Al-binding to the apoplast and the nucleolus of the promeristematic cells, and mediated its binding to parenchyma cell walls. As well, we inferred that Fe3+ is transported by xylem and stored in gall parenchyma, where it is reduced to Fe2+, being available in gall nutritive cells. Our results demonstrated an Al compartmentalization between the apoplast and symplast of the inner cell layers in galls, as well as indicated the phenolics action against Al-toxicity and toward Fe availability for the diet of Ditylenchus gallaeformans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ígor Abba Arriola
- Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627 CP 486. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Maurílio Assis Figueiredo
- Department of Geology, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro Do Cruzeiro, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniela Boanares
- Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627 CP 486. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marcel Giovanni Costa França
- Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627 CP 486. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rosy Mary Dos Santos Isaias
- Department of Botany, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627 CP 486. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
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Debnath P, Mondal A, Sen K, Mishra D, Mondal NK. Genotoxicity study of nano Al 2O 3, TiO 2 and ZnO along with UV-B exposure: An Allium cepa root tip assay. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 713:136592. [PMID: 31955093 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The present effort aims to investigate the cytotoxic and genotoxic impact of three widely used nanoparticles (ZnO, TiO2 and Al2O3) on root cells of Allium cepa as a test organism. The root tip of Allium cepa were treated with three different concentrations (0.1 10 and 100 mg/L) of the above-mentioned NPs and the observations were recorded after proper growth of root under both nanoparticle solutions and UV-B exposure in combined conditions and separately. The parameters such as mitotic index, various forms of chromosomal aberrations, various reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation such as superoxide radical (O-2·), hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical (·OH), lipid peroxidation and bio-uptake of nanoparticles were assessed. The results revealed that for all the three nanoparticles, mitotic index (MI) was highly reduced in comparison to control. Among the three nanoparticles, the MI value of TiO2 was 59.5% at 0.1 mg/L. Chromosomal aberration data suggest that nano Al2O3 exhibited disturbed metaphase at 0.1 mg/L, and abnormal anaphase and sticky metaphase at 10 and 100 mg/L, respectively. Similarly, lagged metaphase and anaphase with multiple chromatin bridges were recorded for both nano ZnO and nano TiO2 at 0.1 mg/L. But, nonsignificant (p > 0.05) results were recorded between only nano metal oxide and UV-B along with nano metal oxide. ROS generation data revealed that ZnO is more active under UV-B than TiO2 and Al2O3. The cellular deformation and the existence of metal in A. cepa under nano ZnO, TiO2 and Al2O3 treatment were evaluated by Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) study, respectively. It may safely be concluded that with respect to chromosomal aberration and mitotic index, out of the three nanoparticles, Al2O3 is the most severe at higher concentrations and nano ZnO shows lowest mitotic index under UV-B exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Debnath
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Arghadip Mondal
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Kamalesh Sen
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Debojyoti Mishra
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Naba Kumar Mondal
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India.
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Ojeda-Rivera JO, Oropeza-Aburto A, Herrera-Estrella L. Dissection of Root Transcriptional Responses to Low pH, Aluminum Toxicity and Iron Excess Under Pi-Limiting Conditions in Arabidopsis Wild-Type and stop1 Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:01200. [PMID: 33133111 PMCID: PMC7550639 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Acidic soils constrain plant growth and development in natural and agricultural ecosystems because of the combination of multiple stress factors including high levels of Fe3+, toxic levels of Al3+, low phosphate (Pi) availability and proton rhizotoxicity. The transcription factor SENSITIVE TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY (STOP1) has been reported to underlie root adaptation to low pH, Al3+ toxicity and low Pi availability by activating the expression of genes involved in organic acid exudation, regulation of pH homeostasis, Al3+ detoxification and root architecture remodeling in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the mechanisms by which STOP1 integrates these environmental signals to trigger adaptive responses to variable conditions in acidic soils remain to be unraveled. It is unknown whether STOP1 activates the expression of a single set of genes that enables root adaptation to acidic soils or multiple gene sets depending on the combination of different types of stress present in acidic soils. Previous transcriptomic studies of stop1 mutants and wild-type plants analyzed the effect of individual types of stress prevalent in acidic soils. An integrative study of the transcriptional regulation pathways that are activated by STOP1 under the combination of major stresses common in acidic soils is lacking. Using RNA-seq, we performed a transcriptional dissection of wild-type and stop1 root responses, individually or in combination, to toxic levels of Al3+, low Pi availability, low pH and Fe excess. We show that the level of STOP1 is post-transcriptionally and coordinately upregulated in the roots of seedlings exposed to single or combined stress factors. The accumulation of STOP1 correlates with the transcriptional activation of stress-specific and common gene sets that are activated in the roots of wild-type seedlings but not in stop1. Our data indicate that perception of low Pi availability, low pH, Fe excess and Al toxicity converges at two levels via STOP1 signaling: post-translationally through the regulation of STOP1 turnover, and transcriptionally, via the activation of STOP1-dependent gene expression that enables the root to better adapt to abiotic stress factors present in acidic soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Odilón Ojeda-Rivera
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (UGA) del Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Irapuato, México
| | - Araceli Oropeza-Aburto
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (UGA) del Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Irapuato, México
| | - Luis Herrera-Estrella
- Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (UGA) del Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Irapuato, México
- Plant and Soil Science Department, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Luis Herrera-Estrella, ;
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Yang S, Li H, Bhatti S, Zhou S, Yang Y, Fish T, Thannhauser TW. The Al-induced proteomes of epidermal and outer cortical cells in root apex of cherry tomato ‘LA 2710’. J Proteomics 2020; 211:103560. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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A forty year journey: The generation and roles of NO in plants. Nitric Oxide 2019; 93:53-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Demecsová L, Tamás L. Reactive oxygen species, auxin and nitric oxide in metal-stressed roots: toxicity or defence. Biometals 2019; 32:717-744. [PMID: 31541378 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-019-00214-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The presented review is a summary on the current knowledge about metal induced stress response in plants, focusing on the roles of reactive oxygen species, auxin and nitric oxide in roots. The article focuses mainly on the difference between defence and toxicity symptoms of roots during metal-induced stress. Nowadays, pollution of soils by heavy metals is a rapidly growing issue, which affects agriculture and human health. In order to deal with these problems, we must first understand the basic mechanisms and responses to environmental conditions in plants growing under such conditions. Studies so far show somewhat conflicting data, interpreting the same stress responses as both symptoms of defence and toxicity. Therefore, the aim of this review is to give a report about current knowledge of heavy metal-induced stress research, and also to differentiate between toxicity and defence, and outline the challenges of research, focusing on reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, auxin, and the interplay among them. There are still remaining questions on how reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as well as auxin, can activate either symptoms of toxicity or defence, and adaptation responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loriana Demecsová
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ladislav Tamás
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 84523, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Awasthi JP, Saha B, Panigrahi J, Yanase E, Koyama H, Panda SK. Redox balance, metabolic fingerprint and physiological characterization in contrasting North East Indian rice for Aluminum stress tolerance. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8681. [PMID: 31213660 PMCID: PMC6581886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a serious problem for rice crop productivity in acidic soils worldwide. The present work was conducted to look out for the alteration in ROS homeostasis; metabolic fingerprint; and morphology in two contrasting Indica rice cultivars of North East India (NE India) to Al toxicity. Al stress led to excess accumulation of ROS (H2O2 and O2−), and this in turn induced ROS mediated cellular damage, as indicated by lipid peroxidation both qualitatively as well as quantitatively. This excessive ROS production also led to significant reduction in chlorophyll content and stomatal conductance. This was followed by the loss of photosynthetic efficiency as detected by chlorophyll fluorescence. This excessive damage due to ROS prompted us to check the anti-oxidative machinery. Antioxidants, especially enzymes (SOD, APX, POX, GR, CAT, DHAR, MDHAR) are very important players in maintenance of ROS homeostasis. In tolerant variety Disang, higher activity of these enzymes and vice versa in sensitive variety, was observed in response to Al treatment. The non-enzymatic antioxidants (proline, ascorbate and glutathione) also showed similar trend. Though the tolerant variety showed strong anti-oxidative machinery, it was unable to completely nullify the stress experienced by the seedlings. Organic acids are also important players in detoxification of Al stress through efflux in the rhizosphere. In tolerant genotype, citrate exudate was found to be more when compared to sensitive genotypes on exposure to high dose of Al. This is supported by higher abundance of FRDL4, a citrate transporter. Not only FRDL4, other stakeholders for Al stress response like ART1 and ALS1 depicted prominent transcript abundance in the tolerant variety. In conclusion, through this study detailed physiological and metabolic characterisation of two contrasting Indica rice varieties Disang and Joymati, native to NE India for Al tolerance was performed for the very first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Prakash Awasthi
- Assam University, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Plant Molecular Biotechnology Lab, 788011, Silchar, India
| | - Bedabrata Saha
- Assam University, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Plant Molecular Biotechnology Lab, 788011, Silchar, India
| | - Jogeswar Panigrahi
- Khallikote University, Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, 760001, Berhampur, India
| | - Emiko Yanase
- Gifu University, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, 5011193, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Koyama
- Gifu University, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, 5011193, Gifu, Japan
| | - Sanjib Kumar Panda
- Assam University, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Plant Molecular Biotechnology Lab, 788011, Silchar, India.
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22
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Sanz A, Pike S, Khan MA, Carrió-Seguí À, Mendoza-Cózatl DG, Peñarrubia L, Gassmann W. Copper uptake mechanism of Arabidopsis thaliana high-affinity COPT transporters. PROTOPLASMA 2019; 256:161-170. [PMID: 30043153 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-018-1286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential plant micronutrient. Under scarcity, Cu2+ is reduced to Cu+ and taken up through specific high-affinity transporters (COPTs). In Arabidopsis, the COPT family consists of six members, either located at the plasma membrane (COPT1, COPT2, and COPT6) or in internal membranes (COPT3 and COPT5). Cu uptake by COPT proteins has been mainly assessed through complementation studies in corresponding yeast mutants, but the mechanism of this transport has not been elucidated. To test whether Cu is incorporated by an electrogenic mechanism, electrophysiological changes induced by Cu addition were studied in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mutant (T-DNA insertion mutants, copt2-1 and copt5-2) and overexpressing lines (COPT1OE and COPT5OE) with altered expression of COPT transporters were compared to wild-type plants. No significant changes of the membrane potential (Em) were detected, regardless of genotype or Cu concentration supplied. In contrast, membrane depolarization was detected in response to iron supply in both wild-type and in mutant or transgenic plants. Similar results were obtained for trans-plant potentials (TPP). GFP fusions of the plasma membrane COPT2 and the internal COPT5 transporters were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes to potentiate Cu uptake signals, and the cRNA-injected oocytes were tested for electrical currents upon Cu addition using two-electrode voltage clamp. Results with oocytes confirmed those obtained in plants. Cu accumulation in injected oocytes was measured by ICP-OES, and a significant increase in Cu content with respect to controls occurred in oocytes expressing COPT2:GFP. The possible mechanisms driving this transport are discussed in this manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amparo Sanz
- Dpt de Biologia Vegetal, Universitat de València, c/ Dr Moliner 50, 46100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Sharon Pike
- Division of Plant Sciences, CS Bond Life Sciences Center, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins St, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Mather A Khan
- Division of Plant Sciences, CS Bond Life Sciences Center, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins St, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Àngela Carrió-Seguí
- Dpt de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular and ERI Biotecmed, Universitat de València, c/ Dr Moliner 50, 46100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - David G Mendoza-Cózatl
- Division of Plant Sciences, CS Bond Life Sciences Center, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins St, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Lola Peñarrubia
- Dpt de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular and ERI Biotecmed, Universitat de València, c/ Dr Moliner 50, 46100-Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Walter Gassmann
- Division of Plant Sciences, CS Bond Life Sciences Center, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, 1201 Rollins St, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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Faria-Lopes RO, Muniz DR, Chaves IS, França MGC, Modolo LV. Nitric oxide precursors prevent Al-triggered auxin flow inhibition in Triticum aestivum roots. J Adv Res 2018; 15:27-36. [PMID: 30581610 PMCID: PMC6300571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous NO levels are higher in roots of Al-tolerant wheat. NO precursors decrease Al accumulation in wheat root cells. NO precursors stimulate auxin flow towards roots in Al-treated wheat. Al-induced oxidative stress is attenuated in wheat roots by NO precursors. Increased endogenous NO content contribute, in part, to wheat Al tolerance.
Aluminum (Al) is an element widely distributed in soils, even though Al3+ is one of the most detrimental cations to plant growth. The effect of nitric oxide (NO) precursors on indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) flow towards roots upon Al treatment is herein reported using two Triticum aestivum (wheat) cultivars with recognized differential Al tolerance. Roots of Al-tolerant seedlings with no treatment (control) accumulated higher amounts of NO than Al-sensitive ones. The treatment with Al further stimulated NO production in root cells while root exposure to NO3−, L-arginine (Arg) or the NO donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) decreased both Al and lipid peroxide accumulation in both cultivars. Regardless of the cultivar, NO3−, Arg or GSNO prevented the blockage of IAA flow towards roots. Overall, the treatment of wheat roots with NO precursors prior to Al treatment effectively guarantees normal IAA flow towards roots, a condition that favors the organ’s growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel O Faria-Lopes
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Dandara R Muniz
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Izabel S Chaves
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marcel G C França
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luzia V Modolo
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
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24
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Role of nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide in plant aluminum tolerance. Biometals 2018; 32:1-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-018-0156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Sujkowska-Rybkowska M, Znojek E. Localization of calreticulin and calcium ions in mycorrhizal roots of Medicago truncatula in response to aluminum stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 229:22-31. [PMID: 30025219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity limits growth and symbiotic interactions of plants. Calcium plays essential roles in abiotic stresses and legume-Rhizobium symbiosis, but the sites and mechanism of Ca2+ mobilization during mycorrhizae have not been analyzed. In this study, the changes of cytoplasmic Ca2+ and calreticulin (CRT) in Medicago truncatula mycorrhizal (MR) and non-mycorrizal (NM) roots under short Al stress [50 μM AlCl3 pH 4.3 for 3 h] were analyzed. Free Ca2+ ions were detected cytochemically by their reaction with potassium pyroantimonate and anti-CRT antibody was used to locate this protein in Medicago roots by immunocytochemical methods. In MR and NM roots, Al induced accumulation of CRT and free Ca2+. Similar calcium and CRT distribution in the MR were found at the surface of fungal structures (arbuscules and intercellular hyphae), cell wall and in plasmodesmata, and in plant and fungal intracellular compartments. Additionally, degenerated arbuscules were associated with intense Ca2+ and CRT accumulation. In NM roots, Ca2+ and CRT epitopes were observed in the stele, near wall of cortex and endodermis. The present study provides new insight into Ca2+ storage and mobilization in mycorrhizae symbiosis. The colocalization of CRT and Ca2+ suggests that CRT is essential for calcium mobilization for normal mycorrhiza development and response to Al stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Sujkowska-Rybkowska
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Znojek
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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26
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Sujkowska-Rybkowska M, Ważny R. Metal resistant rhizobia and ultrastructure of Anthyllis vulneraria nodules from zinc and lead contaminated tailing in Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2018; 20:709-720. [PMID: 29723046 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1413336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This present paper studies the response of Anthyllis vulneraria-Rhizobium symbiosis to heavy metal stress. The symbiotic rhizobium bacteria isolated from root nodules of A. vulneraria from zinc and lead wastes were examined in this project. Light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to analyze the nodule anatomy and ultrastructure and conduct a comparison with nonmetal-treated nodules. 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis of bacteria isolated from metal-treated nodules revealed the presence of Rhizobium metallidurans and Bradyrhizobium sp. In regard to heavy metal resistance/tolerance, a similar tolerance to Pb was shown by both strains, and a high tolerance to Zn and a lower tolerance to Cd and Cu by R. metallidurans, whereas a high tolerance to Cd and Cu and a lower tolerance to Zn by Bradyrhizobium were found. The nodules of Anthyllis from metal-polluted tailing sites were identified as the typical determinate type of nodules. Observed under TEM microscopy changes in nodules ultrastructure like: (1) wall thickening; (2) infection thread reduction; (3) vacuole shrinkage; (4) synthesis of phenolics in vacuoles; (5) various differentiation of bacteroids and (6) simultaneous symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi could be considered as a form of the A.vulneraria-Rhizobium symbiosis adaptation to metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafał Ważny
- b Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University , Kraków , Poland
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27
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Riaz M, Yan L, Wu X, Hussain S, Aziz O, Wang Y, Imran M, Jiang C. Boron alleviates the aluminum toxicity in trifoliate orange by regulating antioxidant defense system and reducing root cell injury. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 208:149-158. [PMID: 29257991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) toxicity is the most important soil constraint for plant growth and development in acid soils (pH < 5.5) globally in agricultural regions. Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient for the growth and development of higher plants. The results of previous studies propose that B might ameliorate Al toxicity; however, none of the studies have been conducted on trifoliate orange to study this effect. Thus, a study was carried out in hydroponics comprising of two different Al concentrations, 0 and 400 μM. For every concentration, two B treatments (0 and 10 μM as H3BO3) were applied to investigate the B-induced alleviation of Al toxicity and exploring the underneath mechanisms. The results revealed that Al toxicity under B deficiency severely hampered the root growth and physiology of plant, caused oxidative stress and membrane damage, leading to severe root injury and damage. However, application of B under Al toxicity improved the root elongation and photosynthesis, while reduced Al uptake and mobilization into plant parts. Moreover, B supply regulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes, proline, secondary metabolites (phenylalanine ammonia lyase and polyphenol oxidase) contents, and stabilized integrity of proteins. Our study results imply that B supply promoted root growth as well as defense system by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Al concentrations in plant parts thus B induced alleviation of Al toxicity; a fact that might be significant for higher productivity of agricultural plants grown in acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Riaz
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Lei Yan
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Xiuwen Wu
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Omar Aziz
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Cuncang Jiang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
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28
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Wan JX, Zhu XF, Wang YQ, Liu LY, Zhang BC, Li GX, Zhou YH, Zheng SJ. Xyloglucan Fucosylation Modulates Arabidopsis Cell Wall Hemicellulose Aluminium binding Capacity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:428. [PMID: 29323145 PMCID: PMC5765015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although xyloglucan (XyG) is reported to bind Aluminium (Al), the influence of XyG fucosylation on the cell wall Al binding capacity and plant Al stress responses is unclear. We show that Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion mutants with reduced AXY3 (XYLOSIDASE1) function and consequent reduced levels of fucosylated XyG are more sensitive to Al than wild-type Col-0 (WT). In contrast, T-DNA insertion mutants with reduced AXY8 (FUC95A) function and consequent increased levels of fucosylated XyG are more Al resistant. AXY3 transcript levels are strongly down regulated in response to 30 min Al treatment, whilst AXY8 transcript levels also repressed until 6 h following treatment onset. Mutants lacking AXY3 or AXY8 function exhibit opposing effects on Al contents of root cell wall and cell wall hemicellulose components. However, there was no difference in the amount of Al retained in the pectin components between mutants and WT. Finally, whilst the total sugar content of the hemicellulose fraction did not change, the altered hemicellulose Al content of the mutants is shown to be a likely consequence of their different XyG fucosylation levels. We conclude that variation in XyG fucosylation levels influences the Al sensitivity of Arabidopsis by affecting the Al-binding capacity of hemicellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Xue Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yu-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lin-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bao-Cai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Gui-Xin Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yi-Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shao-Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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29
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Yang G, Meng X, Fang S, Wang L, Wang Z, Wang F, Duan H, Hao A. Two novel pyrazole-based chemosensors: “naked-eye” colorimetric recognition of Ni2+ and Al3+ in alcohol and aqueous DMF media. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02541j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Sensors Pry-Flu and Pry-R6G were found to have a wide pH range (4–12), good anti-jamming ability and can be reused. And the sensors Pry-Rhy and Pyr-R6G could be quite useful for the fabrication of sensing devices with fast and convenient detection of Ni2+ and Al3+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Jinan
- China
| | - Xia Meng
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Jinan
- China
| | - Shimin Fang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Jinan
- China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Biology Institute
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Ji’nan
- China
| | - Zhenzheng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Jinan
- China
| | - Fanwei Wang
- Shandong Economy and Information Technology Institute
- China
| | - Hongdong Duan
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)
- Jinan
- China
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30
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Jin Y, Fan X, Li X, Zhang Z, Sun L, Fu Z, Lavoie M, Pan X, Qian H. Distinct physiological and molecular responses in Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to aluminum oxide nanoparticles and ionic aluminum. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 228:517-527. [PMID: 28576325 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nano-aluminium oxide (nAl2O3) is one of the most widely used nanomaterials. However, nAl2O3 toxicity mechanisms and potential beneficial effects on terrestrial plant physiology remain poorly understood. Such knowledge is essential for the development of robust nAl2O3 risk assessment. In this study, we studied the influence of a 10-d exposure to a total selected concentration of 98 μM nAl2O3 or to the equivalent molar concentration of ionic Al (AlCl3) (196 μM) on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana on the physiology (e.g., growth and photosynthesis, membrane damage) and the transcriptome using a high throughput state-of-the-art technology, RNA-seq. We found no evidence of nAl2O3 toxicity on photosynthesis, growth and lipid peroxidation. Rather the nAl2O3 treatment stimulated root weight and length by 48% and 39%, respectively as well as photosynthesis opening up the door to the use of nAl2O3 in biotechnology and nano agriculture. Transcriptomic analyses indicate that the beneficial effect of nAl2O3 was related to an increase in the transcription of several genes involved in root growth as well as in root nutrient uptake (e.g., up-regulation of the root hair-specific gene family and root development genes, POLARIS protein). By contrast, the ionic Al treatment decreased shoot and root weight of Arabidopsis thaliana by 57.01% and 45.15%, respectively. This toxic effect was coupled to a range of response at the gene transcription level including increase transcription of antioxidant-related genes and transcription of genes involved in plant defense response to pathogens. This work provides an integrated understanding at the molecular and physiological level of the effects of nAl2O3 and ionic Al in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujian Jin
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Xiaoji Fan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Xingxing Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Zhenyan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Liwei Sun
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Michel Lavoie
- Quebec-Ocean and Takuvik Joint International Research Unit, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Bioremediation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, PR China.
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31
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He H, Huang W, Oo TL, Gu M, He LF. Nitric oxide inhibits aluminum-induced programmed cell death in peanut (Arachis hypoganea L.) root tips. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 333:285-292. [PMID: 28371714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
It had been reported that Aluminum (Al) stress altered nitric oxide (NO) concentration and induced programmed cell death (PCD) in plants. However, the relationship between NO and PCD occurrence under Al stress is unclear. The results showed that cell death induced by Al was significant negative correlation with the inhibition of Al on root elongation growth in peanut. AlCl3 at 100μmolL-1 induced DNA ladder, chromatin condensation, typical apoptotic chromatin condensation staining with DAPI, apoptosis related gene Hrs203j expression and caspase3-like protease activation in peanut root tip cells, and showed that Al-induced cell death in peanut root tip cells was a typical PCD. Exogenous NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) at 200μmolL-1 inhibited Al-induced PCD occurrence, but NO specific scavenger cPTIO aggravated PCD production. It suggests that NO is a negative regulator of Al-induced PCD in peanut root tips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huyi He
- College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China; Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, PR China
| | - Wenjing Huang
- College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Thet Lwin Oo
- College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Minghua Gu
- College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Long-Fei He
- College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Nanning 530004, PR China.
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32
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Ribeiro AP, de Souza WR, Martins PK, Vinecky F, Duarte KE, Basso MF, da Cunha BADB, Campanha RB, de Oliveira PA, Centeno DC, Cançado GMA, de Magalhães JV, de Sousa CAF, Andrade AC, Kobayashi AK, Molinari HBC. Overexpression of BdMATE Gene Improves Aluminum Tolerance in Setaria viridis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:865. [PMID: 28642761 PMCID: PMC5462932 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Acidic soils are distributed worldwide, predominantly in tropical and subtropical areas, reaching around 50% of the arable soil. This type of soil strongly reduces crop production, mainly because of the presence of aluminum, which has its solubility increased at low pH levels. A well-known physiological mechanism used by plants to cope with Al stress involves activation of membrane transporters responsible for organic acid anions secretion from the root apex to the rhizosphere, which chelate Al, preventing its absorption by roots. In sorghum, a membrane transporter gene belonging to multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) family was identified and characterized as an aluminum-activated citrate transporter gene responsible for Al tolerance in this crop. Setaria viridis is an emerging model for C4 species and it is an important model to validate some genes for further C4 crops transformation, such as sugarcane, maize, and wheat. In the present work, Setaria viridis was used as a model plant to overexpress a newly identified MATE gene from Brachypodium distachyon (BdMATE), closely related to SbMATE, for aluminum tolerance assays. Transgenic S. viridis plants overexpressing a BdMATE presented an improved Al tolerance phenotype, characterized by sustained root growth and exclusion of aluminum from the root apex in transgenic plants, as confirmed by hematoxylin assay. In addition, transgenic plants showed higher root citrate exudation into the rhizosphere, suggesting that Al tolerance improvement in these plants could be related to the chelation of the metal by the organic acid anion. These results suggest that BdMATE gene can be used to transform C4 crops of economic importance with improved aluminum tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. Ribeiro
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa AgroenergyBrasilia, Brazil
- Plant Biotechnology Program, Federal University of LavrasLavras, Brazil
| | - Wagner R. de Souza
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa AgroenergyBrasilia, Brazil
| | - Polyana K. Martins
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa AgroenergyBrasilia, Brazil
| | - Felipe Vinecky
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa AgroenergyBrasilia, Brazil
| | - Karoline E. Duarte
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa AgroenergyBrasilia, Brazil
| | - Marcos F. Basso
- Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa AgroenergyBrasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel B. Campanha
- Biomass and Biofuels Chemistry Laboratory, Embrapa AgroenergyBrasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Danilo C. Centeno
- Centre of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABCSão Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Geraldo M. A. Cançado
- Center of Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology, Embrapa GenClima, University of Campinas, CampinasBrazil
| | | | | | - Alan C. Andrade
- Plant Biotechnology Program, Federal University of LavrasLavras, Brazil
- INOVACAFÉ, Embrapa CoffeeLavras, Brazil
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Mettbach U, Strnad M, Mancuso S, Baluška F. Immunogold-EM analysis reveal brefeldin a-sensitive clusters of auxin in Arabidopsis root apex cells. Commun Integr Biol 2017; 10:e1327105. [PMID: 28702129 PMCID: PMC5501221 DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2017.1327105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogold electron microscopy (EM) study of Arabidopsis root apices analyzed using specific IAA antibody and high-pressure freeze fixation technique allowed, for the first time, vizualization of subcellular localization of IAA in cells assembled intactly within plant tissues. Our quantitative analysis reveals that there is considerable portion of IAA gold particles that clusters within vesicles and membraneous compartments in all root apex cells. There are clear tissue-specific and developmental differences of clustered IAA in root apices. These findings have significant consequences for our understanding of this small molecule which is controlling plant growth, development and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR & Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - S. Mancuso
- Department of Plant, Soil and Environmental Science & LINV, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Wang P, Yu W, Zhang J, Rengel Z, Xu J, Han Q, Chen L, Li K, Yu Y, Chen Q. Auxin enhances aluminium-induced citrate exudation through upregulation of GmMATE and activation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase in soybean roots. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2016; 118:933-940. [PMID: 27474509 PMCID: PMC5055814 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims Aluminium (Al) toxicity is a limiting factor for plant growth and crop production in acidic soils. Citrate exudation and activation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase are involved in soybean responses to Al stress. Auxin has crucial functions in plant growth and stress responses. However, little is known about possible interactions between auxin and citrate exudation under Al stress. In this study, we elucidated the regulatory roles of IAA in Al-induced citrate exudation in soybean roots. Methods We measured IAA content, Al concentration, citrate exudation, plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity, expression of the relevant genes and phosphorylation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase by integrating physiological characterization and molecular analysis using hydroponically grown soybean. Key Results The concentration of IAA was increased by 25 and 50 μm Al, but decreased to the control level at 200 μm Al. External addition of 50 μm IAA to the root medium containing 25, 50 or 200 μm Al decreased root Al concentration and stimulated Al-induced citrate exudation and the plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed that exogenous IAA enhanced the expression of citrate exudation transporter (GmMATE) but not the plasma membrane H+-ATPase gene. The western blot results suggested that IAA enhanced phosphorylation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase under Al stress. Conclusions Auxin enhanced Al-induced citrate exudation through upregulation of GmMATE and an increase in phosphorylation of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase in soybean roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South Road, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wenqian Yu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South Road, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jiarong Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South Road, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zed Rengel
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Jin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Qinqin Han
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South Road, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Limei Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South Road, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Kunzhi Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South Road, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yongxiong Yu
- College of Zoological Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Jingming South Road, Kunming, 650500, China
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Kopittke PM. Role of phytohormones in aluminium rhizotoxicity. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:2319-28. [PMID: 27352002 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Elevated concentrations of soluble aluminium (Al) reduce root growth in acid soils, but much remains unknown regarding the toxicity of this Al as well as the mechanisms by which plants respond. This review examines changes in phytohormones in Al-stressed plants. Al often results in a rapid 'burst' of ethylene in root apical tissues within 15-30 min, with this regulating an increase in auxin. This production of ethylene and auxin seems to be a component of a plant-response to toxic Al, resulting in cell wall modification or regulation of organic acid release. There is also evidence of a role of auxin in the expression of Al toxicity itself, with Al decreasing basipetal transport of auxin, thereby potentially decreasing wall loosening as required for elongation. Increasingly, changes in abscisic acid in root apices also seem to be involved in plant-responses to toxic Al. Changes in cytokinins, gibberellins and jasmonates following exposure to Al are also examined, although little information is available. Finally, although not a phytohormone, concentrations of nitric oxide change rapidly in Al-exposed tissues. The information presented in this review will assist in focusing future research efforts in examining the importance of phytohormones in plant tissues exposed to toxic levels of Al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Kopittke
- The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Kopittke PM, Menzies NW, Wang P, Blamey FPC. Kinetics and nature of aluminium rhizotoxic effects: a review. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:4451-67. [PMID: 27302129 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Acid soils with elevated levels of soluble aluminium (Al) comprise ~40% of the world's arable land, but there remains much uncertainty regarding the mechanisms by which Al is rhizotoxic. This review examines the kinetics of the toxic effects of Al on the root elongation rate (RER), its effects on root tissues, and its location at a subcellular level. Depending upon the concentration and plant species, soluble Al decreases the RER in a median time of 73min, but in as little as 5min in soybean. This is initially due to a decreased rate at which cells expand anisotropically in the elongation zone. Thereafter, rhizodermal and outer cortical cells rupture through decreased cell wall relaxation. It is in this region where most Al accumulates in the apoplast. Subsequently, Al impacts root growth at a subcellular level through adverse effects on the plasma membrane (PM), cytoplasm, and nucleus. At the PM, Al alters permeability, fluidity, and integrity in as little as 0.5h, whilst it also depolarizes the PM and reduces H(+)-ATPase activity. The Al potentially crosses the PM within 0.5h where it is able to bind to the nucleus and inhibit cell division; sequestration within the vacuole is required to reduce the toxic effects of Al within the cytoplasm. This review demonstrates the increasing evidence of the importance of the initial Al-induced inhibition of wall loosening, but there is evidence also of the deleterious effects of Al on other cellular processes which are important for long-term root growth and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Kopittke
- The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Neal W Menzies
- The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Peng Wang
- The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - F Pax C Blamey
- The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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37
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Wang S, Ren X, Huang B, Wang G, Zhou P, An Y. Aluminium-induced reduction of plant growth in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is mediated by interrupting auxin transport and accumulation in roots. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30079. [PMID: 27435109 PMCID: PMC4951802 DOI: 10.1038/srep30079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate Al(3+)-induced IAA transport, distribution, and the relation of these two processes to Al(3+)-inhibition of root growth in alfalfa. Alfalfa seedlings with or without apical buds were exposed to 0 or 100 μM AlCl3 and were foliar sprayed with water or 6 mg L(-1) IAA. Aluminium stress resulted in disordered arrangement of cells, deformed cell shapes, altered cell structure, and a shorter length of the meristematic zone in root tips. Aluminium stress significantly decreased the IAA concentration in apical buds and root tips. The distribution of IAA fluorescence signals in root tips was disturbed, and the IAA transportation from shoot base to root tip was inhibited. The highest intensity of fluorescence signals was detected in the apical meristematic zone. Exogenous application of IAA markedly alleviated the Al(3+)-induced inhibition of root growth by increasing IAA accumulation and recovering the damaged cell structure in root tips. In addition, Al(3+) stress up-regulated expression of AUX1 and PIN2 genes. These results indicate that Al(3+)-induced reduction of root growth could be associated with the inhibitions of IAA synthesis in apical buds and IAA transportation in roots, as well as the imbalance of IAA distribution in root tips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyin Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Ren
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Bingru Huang
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Ge Wang
- Instrumental Analysis Centre of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yuan An
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201101, China
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Wang L, Cheng M, Chu Y, Li X, Chen DDY, Huang X, Zhou Q. Responses of plant calmodulin to endocytosis induced by rare earth elements. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 154:408-415. [PMID: 27081794 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.03.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The wide application of rare earth elements (REEs) have led to their diffusion and accumulation in the environment. The activation of endocytosis is the primary response of plant cells to REEs. Calmodulin (CaM), as an important substance in calcium (Ca) signaling systems, regulating almost all of the physiological activities in plants, such as cellular metabolism, cell growth and division. However, the response of CaM to endocytosis activated by REEs remains unknown. By using immunofluorescence labeling and a confocal laser scanning microscope, we found that trivalent lanthanum [La(III)], an REE ion, affected the expression of CaM in endocytosis. Using circular dichroism, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and computer simulations, we demonstrated that a low concentration of La(III) could interact with extracellular CaM by electrostatic attraction and was then bound to two Ca-binding sites of CaM, making the molecular structure more compact and orderly, whereas a high concentration of La(III) could be coordinated with cytoplasmic CaM or bound to other Ca-binding sites, making the molecular structure more loose and disorderly. Our results provide a reference for revealing the action mechanisms of REEs in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Mengzhu Cheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Yunxia Chu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - David D Y Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, PR China; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, PR China.
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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Sun H, Bi Y, Tao J, Huang S, Hou M, Xue R, Liang Z, Gu P, Yoneyama K, Xie X, Shen Q, Xu G, Zhang Y. Strigolactones are required for nitric oxide to induce root elongation in response to nitrogen and phosphate deficiencies in rice. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:1473-84. [PMID: 27194103 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The response of the root system architecture to nutrient deficiencies is critical for sustainable agriculture. Nitric oxide (NO) is considered a key regulator of root growth, although the mechanisms remain unknown. Phenotypic, cellular and genetic analyses were undertaken in rice to explore the role of NO in regulating root growth and strigolactone (SL) signalling under nitrogen-deficient and phosphate-deficient conditions (LN and LP). LN-induced and LP-induced seminal root elongation paralleled NO production in root tips. NO played an important role in a shared pathway of LN-induced and LP-induced root elongation via increased meristem activity. Interestingly, no responses of root elongation were observed in SL d mutants compared with wild-type plants, although similar NO accumulation was induced by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) application. Application of abamine (the SL inhibitor) reduced seminal root length and pCYCB1;1::GUS expression induced by SNP application in wild type; furthermore, comparison with wild type showed lower SL-signalling genes in nia2 mutants under control and LN treatments and similar under SNP application. Western blot analysis revealed that NO, similar to SL, triggered proteasome-mediated degradation of D53 protein levels. Therefore, we presented a novel signalling pathway in which NO-activated seminal root elongation under LN and LP conditions, with the involvement of SLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huwei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yang Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jinyuan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shuangjie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mengmeng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ren Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhihao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Pengyuan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Koichi Yoneyama
- Center for Bioscience Research & Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Japan
| | - Xiaonan Xie
- Center for Bioscience Research & Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, 321-8505, Japan
| | - Qirong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, and Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Kolbert Z. Implication of nitric oxide (NO) in excess element-induced morphogenic responses of the root system. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 101:149-161. [PMID: 26895428 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Extremes of metal and non-metal elements in the soils create a stressful environment and plants exposed to sub-lethal abiotic stress conditions show a broad range of morphogenic responses designated as stress-induced morphogenic response (SIMR). Being the first plant organ directly contacting with elevated doses of elements, the root system shows remarkable symptoms and deserves special attention. In the signalling of root SIMR, the involvement of phytohormones (especially auxin) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been earlier suggested. Emerging evidence supports that nitric oxide (NO) and related molecules (reactive nitrogen species, RNS) are integral signals of root system development, and they are active components of heavy metal-induced stress responses as well. Based on these, the main scope of this review is to demonstrate the contribution of NO/RNS to the emergence of excess element-induced root morphogenic responses. The SIMR-like root system of lead-treated Arabidopsis thaliana contained elevated NO levels compared to the root not showing SIMR. In NO-deficient nia1nia2 plants, the degree of selenium-induced root SIMR was, in some characteristics altered compared to the wild-type. Moreover, among the molecular elements of SIMR several potential candidates of NO-dependent S-nitrosylation or tyrosine nitration have been found using computational prediction. The demonstrated literature data together with own experimental results strongly outline that NO/RNS are regulating signals in the development of root SIMR in case of excess metal and non-metal elements. This also reveals a new role of NO in acclimation emphasizing its importance in defence mechanisms against abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Kolbert
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Hungary.
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Sun C, Lu L, Yu Y, Liu L, Hu Y, Ye Y, Jin C, Lin X. Decreasing methylation of pectin caused by nitric oxide leads to higher aluminium binding in cell walls and greater aluminium sensitivity of wheat roots. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:979-89. [PMID: 26663393 PMCID: PMC4737084 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important bioactive molecule involved in cell wall metabolism, which has been recognized as a major target of aluminium (Al) toxicity. We have investigated the effects of Al-induced NO production on cell wall composition and the subsequent Al-binding capacity in roots of an Al-sensitive cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Yang-5). We found that Al exposure induced NO accumulation in the root tips. Eliminating NO production with an NO scavenger (cPTIO) significantly alleviated the Al-induced inhibition of root growth and thus reduced Al accumulation. Elimination of NO, however, did not significantly affect malate efflux or rhizosphere pH changes under Al exposure. Levels of cell wall polysaccharides (pectin, hemicelluloses 1, and hemicelluloses 2) and pectin methylesterase activity, as well as pectin demethylation in the root apex, significantly increased under Al treatment. Exogenous cPTIO application significantly decreased pectin methylesterase activity and increased the degree of methylation of pectin in the root cell wall, thus decreasing the Al-binding capacity of pectin. These results suggest that the Al-induced enhanced production of NO decreases cell wall pectin methylation, thus increasing the Al-binding capacity of pectin and negatively regulating Al tolerance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Lingli Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yan Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yan Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yiquan Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Chongwei Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil Science and Plant Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Xianyong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil Science and Plant Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
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Manoli A, Trevisan S, Voigt B, Yokawa K, Baluška F, Quaggiotti S. Nitric Oxide-Mediated Maize Root Apex Responses to Nitrate are Regulated by Auxin and Strigolactones. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 6:1269. [PMID: 26834770 PMCID: PMC4722128 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3 (-)) is a key element for crop production but its levels in agricultural soils are limited. Plants have developed mechanisms to cope with these NO3 (-) fluctuations based on sensing nitrate at the root apex. Particularly, the transition zone (TZ) of root apex has been suggested as a signaling-response zone. This study dissects cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying NO3 (-) resupply effects on primary root (PR) growth in maize, confirming nitric oxide (NO) as a putative modulator. Nitrate restoration induced PR elongation within the first 2 h, corresponding to a stimulation of cell elongation at the basal border of the TZ. Xyloglucans (XGs) immunolocalization together with Brefeldin A applications demonstrated that nitrate resupply induces XG accumulation. This effect was blocked by cPTIO (NO scavenger). Transcriptional analysis of ZmXET1 confirmed the stimulatory effect of nitrate on XGs accumulation in cells of the TZ. Immunolocalization analyses revealed a positive effect of nitrate resupply on auxin and PIN1 accumulation, but a transcriptional regulation of auxin biosynthesis/transport/signaling genes was excluded. Short-term nitrate treatment repressed the transcription of genes involved in strigolactones (SLs) biosynthesis and transport, mainly in the TZ. Enhancement of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs) transcription in presence of cPTIO indicated endogenous NO as a negative modulator of CCDs activity. Finally, treatment with the SLs-biosynthesis inhibitor (TIS108) restored the root growth in the nitrate-starved seedlings. Present report suggests that the NO-mediated root apex responses to nitrate are accomplished in cells of the TZ via integrative actions of auxin, NO and SLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Manoli
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of PaduaPadua, Italy
| | - Sara Trevisan
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of PaduaPadua, Italy
| | - Boris Voigt
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of BonnBonn, Germany
| | - Ken Yokawa
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of BonnBonn, Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyo, Japan
| | - František Baluška
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of BonnBonn, Germany
| | - Silvia Quaggiotti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of PaduaPadua, Italy
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Novák D, Kuchařová A, Ovečka M, Komis G, Šamaj J. Developmental Nuclear Localization and Quantification of GFP-Tagged EB1c in Arabidopsis Root Using Light-Sheet Microscopy. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 6:1187. [PMID: 26779221 PMCID: PMC4700127 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of the root apex is determined by progress of cells from the meristematic region to the successive post-mitotic developmental zones for transition, cell elongation and final cell differentiation. We addressed root development, tissue architecture and root developmental zonation by means of light-sheet microscopic imaging of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings expressing END BINDING protein 1c (EB1c) fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) under control of native EB1c promoter. Unlike the other two members of the EB1 family, plant-specific EB1c shows prominent nuclear localization in non-dividing cells in all developmental zones of the root apex. The nuclear localization of EB1c was previously mentioned solely in meristematic cells, but not further addressed. With the help of advanced light-sheet microscopy, we report quantitative evaluations of developmentally-regulated nuclear levels of the EB1c protein tagged with GFP relatively to the nuclear size in diverse root tissues (epidermis, cortex, and endodermis) and root developmental zones (meristem, transition, and elongation zones). Our results demonstrate a high potential of light-sheet microscopy for 4D live imaging of fluorescently-labeled nuclei in complex samples such as developing roots, showing capacity to quantify parameters at deeper cell layers (e.g., endodermis) with minimal aberrations. The data presented herein further signify the unique role of developmental cell reprogramming in the transition from cell proliferation to cell differentiation in developing root apex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jozef Šamaj
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University OlomoucOlomouc, Czech Republic
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Frankowski M. Aluminum uptake and migration from the soil compartment into Betula pendula for two different environments: a polluted and environmentally protected area of Poland. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:1398-1407. [PMID: 26370811 PMCID: PMC4713463 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5367-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the impact of soil contamination on aluminum (Al) concentrations in plant parts of Betula pendula and a possible way of migration and transformation of Al in the soil-root-stem-twig-leaf system. A new procedure of Al fractionation based on extraction in water phase was applied to obtain and measure the most available forms of Al in soils and B. pendula samples. In addition, total Al content was determined in biological samples and pseudo total Al content in soil samples collected under plant saplings, using atomic absorption spectrometry with flame atomization. A number of relations concerning the occurrence of Al and Ca in soils and plant parts of B. pendula (tap roots, lateral roots, stem, twigs, and leaves) were observed. Based on the research findings, the mechanism of Al migration from soil to the leaves of B. pendula can be presented. It was found that aluminum uptake may be limited in roots by high calcium concentration. The application of a new procedure based on the simple sequential extraction of water-soluble fractions (the most available and exchangeable fractions of Al) can be used as an effective tool for the estimation of aluminum toxicity in soils and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Frankowski
- Depatment of Water and Soil Analysis, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89b, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
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Li X, Li Y, Qu M, Xiao H, Feng Y, Liu J, Wu L, Yu M. Cell Wall Pectin and its Methyl-esterification in Transition Zone Determine Al Resistance in Cultivars of Pea (Pisum sativum). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:39. [PMID: 26870060 PMCID: PMC4734104 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The initial response of plants to aluminum (Al) is the inhibition of root elongation, while the transition zone is the most Al sensitive zone in the root apex, which may sense the presence of Al and regulate the responses of root to Al toxicity. In the present study, the effect of Al treatment (30 μM, 24 h) on root growth, Al accumulation, and properties of cell wall of two pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars, cv Onward (Al-resistant) and cv Sima (Al-sensitive), were studied to disclose whether the response of root transition zone to Al toxicity determines Al resistance in pea cultivars. The lower relative root elongation (RRE) and higher Al content were founded in cv Sima compared with cv Onward, which were related to Al-induced the increase of pectin in root segments of both cultivars. The increase of pectin is more prominent in Al-sensitive cultivar than in Al-resistant cultivar. Aluminum toxicity also induced the increase of pectin methylesterases (PME), which is 2.2 times in root transition zone in Al-sensitive cv Sima to that of Al resistant cv Onward, thus led to higher demethylesterified pectin content in root transition zone of Al-sensitive cv Sima. The higher demethylesterified pectin content in root transition zone resulted in more Al accumulation in the cell wall and cytosol in Al-sensitive cv Sima. Our results provide evidence that the increase of pectin content and PME activity under Al toxicity cooperates to determine Al sensitivity in root transition zone that confers Al resistance in cultivars of pea (Pisum sativum).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan UniversityFoshan, China
| | - Yalin Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan UniversityFoshan, China
| | - Mei Qu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan UniversityFoshan, China
| | - Hongdong Xiao
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan UniversityFoshan, China
| | - Yingming Feng
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan UniversityFoshan, China
| | - Jiayou Liu
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan UniversityFoshan, China
| | - Lishu Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Min Yu, ; Lishu Wu,
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan UniversityFoshan, China
- *Correspondence: Min Yu, ; Lishu Wu,
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Wang L, Fan XW, Pan JL, Huang ZB, Li YZ. Physiological characterization of maize tolerance to low dose of aluminum, highlighted by promoted leaf growth. PLANTA 2015; 242:1391-403. [PMID: 26253178 PMCID: PMC4605970 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2376-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Effects of a low aluminum (Al) dose were characterized. The Al supplement inhibited root growth but enhanced leaf growth in maize lines with different Al sensitivities. High levels of Al are phytotoxic especially in acidic soils. The beneficial effects of low Al levels have been reported in some plant species, but not in maize. Maize is relatively more sensitive to Al toxicity than other cereals. Seedlings, at the three leaf stage, of four Chinese maize foundation parent inbred lines with different Al tolerances, were exposed to complete Hoagland's nutrient solution at pH 4.5 supplemented with 48 μM Al(3+) under controlled growth conditions, and then the Al stress (AS) was removed. The leaf and root growth, root cell viability, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ions (K(+), Ca(++) and Mg(++)), photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll, protein and malondialdehyde contents in tissues were assayed. In conclusion, a low Al dose inhibits root growth but enhances leaf growth in maize. The Al-promoted leaf growth is likely a result of increased protein synthesis, a lowered Ca(++) level, and the discharge of the growth-inhibitory factors. The Al-promoted leaf growth may be a 'memory' effect caused by the earlier AS in maize. Al causes cell wall rupture, and a loss of K(+), Ca(++) and Mg(++) from root cells. CAT is an auxiliary antioxidant enzyme that works selectively with either SOD or POD against AS-related peroxidation, depending on the maize tissue. CAT is a major antioxidant enzyme responsible for root growth, but SOD is important for leaf growth during AS and after its removal. Our results contribute to understanding how low levels of Al affect maize and Al-resistant mechanisms in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Long Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang-Bao Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Wu D, Shen H, Yokawa K, Baluška F. Overexpressing OsPIN2 enhances aluminium internalization by elevating vesicular trafficking in rice root apex. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:6791-801. [PMID: 26254327 PMCID: PMC4623688 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) sequestration is required for internal detoxification of Al in plant cells. In this study, it was found that the rice OsPIN2 overexpression line (OX1) had significantly reduced Al content in its cell wall and increased Al concentration in cell sap only in rice root tips relative to the wild-type (WT). In comparison with WT, OX1 reduced morin staining of cytosolic Al, enhanced FM 4-64 staining of membrane vesicular trafficking in root tip sections (0-1mm), and showed morin-FM 4-64 fluorescence overlap. Recovery treatment showed that cell-wall-bound Al was internalized into vacuoles via endocytic vesicular trafficking after removal of external Al. In this process, OX1 showed a higher rate of Al internalization than WT. Brefeldin A (BFA) interfered with vesicular trafficking and resulted in inhibition of Al internalization. This inhibitory effect could be alleviated when BFA was washed out, and the process of alleviation was slower in the cells of WT than in those of OX1. Microscopic observations revealed that, upon Al exposure, numerous multilamellar endosomes were detected between the cell wall and plasma membrane in the cells of OX1. Moreover, more vesicles enriched with Al complexes accumulated in the cells of OX1 than in those of WT, and these vesicles transformed into larger structures in the cells of OX1. Taken together, the data indicate that endocytic vesicular trafficking might contribute to Al internalization, and that overexpressing OsPIN2 enhances rice Al tolerance via elevated endocytic vesicular trafficking and Al internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoming Wu
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Hong Shen
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Ken Yokawa
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, Univerisity of Bonn, Bonn D-53115, Germany
| | - František Baluška
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, Univerisity of Bonn, Bonn D-53115, Germany
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Rajeshwari A, Kavitha S, Alex SA, Kumar D, Mukherjee A, Chandrasekaran N, Mukherjee A. Cytotoxicity of aluminum oxide nanoparticles on Allium cepa root tip--effects of oxidative stress generation and biouptake. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:11057-11066. [PMID: 25794585 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4355-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The commercial usage of Al2O3 nanoparticles (Al2O3 NPs) has gone up significantly in the recent times, enhancing the risk of environmental contamination with these agents and their consequent adverse effects on living systems. The current study has been designed to evaluate the cytogenetic potential of Al2O3 NPs in Allium cepa (root tip cells) at a range of exposure concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/mL), their uptake/internalization profile, and the oxidative stress generated. We noted a dose-dependent decrease in the mitotic index (42 to 28 %) and an increase in the number of chromosomal aberrations. Various chromosomal aberrations, e.g. sticky, multipolar and laggard chromosomes, chromosomal breaks, and the formation of binucleate cells, were observed by optical, fluorescence, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. FT-IR analysis demonstrated the surface chemical interaction between the nanoparticles and root tip cells. The biouptake of Al2O3 in particulate form led to reactive oxygen species generation, which in turn probably contributed to the induction of chromosomal aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rajeshwari
- Centre for Nanobiotechnology, VIT University, Vellore, India
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Sanz L, Albertos P, Mateos I, Sánchez-Vicente I, Lechón T, Fernández-Marcos M, Lorenzo O. Nitric oxide (NO) and phytohormones crosstalk during early plant development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:2857-68. [PMID: 25954048 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
During the past two decades, nitric oxide (NO) has evolved from a mere gaseous free radical to become a new messenger in plant biology with an important role in a plethora of physiological processes. This molecule is involved in the regulation of plant growth and development, pathogen defence and abiotic stress responses, and in most cases this is achieved through its interaction with phytohormones. Understanding the role of plant growth regulators is essential to elucidate how plants activate the appropriate set of responses to a particular developmental stage or a particular stress. The first task to achieve this goal is the identification of molecular targets, especially those involved in the regulation of the crosstalk. The nature of NO targets in these growth and development processes and stress responses remains poorly described. Currently, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of NO in these processes and their interaction with other plant hormones are beginning to unravel. In this review, we made a compilation of the described interactions between NO and phytohormones during early plant developmental processes (i.e. seed dormancy and germination, hypocotyl elongation and root development).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Sanz
- Dpto. de Microbiología y Genética, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo Albertos
- Dpto. de Microbiología y Genética, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Isabel Mateos
- Dpto. de Microbiología y Genética, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Sánchez-Vicente
- Dpto. de Microbiología y Genética, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Tamara Lechón
- Dpto. de Microbiología y Genética, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Fernández-Marcos
- Dpto. de Microbiología y Genética, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Oscar Lorenzo
- Dpto. de Microbiología y Genética, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
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50
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Exley C, Mold MJ. The binding, transport and fate of aluminium in biological cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2015; 30:90-5. [PMID: 25498314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aluminium is the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust and yet, paradoxically, it has no known biological function. Aluminium is biochemically reactive, it is simply that it is not required for any essential process in extant biota. There is evidence neither of element-specific nor evolutionarily conserved aluminium biochemistry. This means that there are no ligands or chaperones which are specific to its transport, there are no transporters or channels to selectively facilitate its passage across membranes, there are no intracellular storage proteins to aid its cellular homeostasis and there are no pathways which evolved to enable the metabolism and excretion of aluminium. Of course, aluminium is found in every compartment of every cell of every organism, from virus through to Man. Herein we have investigated each of the 'silent' pathways and metabolic events which together constitute a form of aluminium homeostasis in biota, identifying and evaluating as far as is possible what is known and, equally importantly, what is unknown about its uptake, transport, storage and excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Exley
- The Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - Matthew J Mold
- The Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
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