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Lu HC, Tian MB, Han X, Shi N, Li HQ, Cheng CF, Chen W, Li SD, He F, Duan CQ, Wang J. The key role of vineyard parcel in shaping flavonoid profiles and color characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon wines combined with the influence of harvest ripeness, vintage and bottle aging. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100772. [PMID: 37780257 PMCID: PMC10534108 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, revealing the terroir influence on wine chemical features has drawn increasing interest. This study aimed to explain how wine flavonoid signatures were altered by vineyard parcel, harvest ripeness, vintage and bottle aging. Six commercial Cabernet Sauvignon vineyards were selected in the Manas region to produce wines at three harvest ripeness in three seasons (2019-2021) and aged for three years. The six vineyards had little difference in mesoclimate conditions while varying greatly in soil composition. Results showed high vineyard pH (> 8.5) could accelerate grape ripening rate and increase wine flavonol concentration. Vineyards with moderate nutrition produced wines with abundant anthocyanin derivatives and maintained color characteristics during aging. The role of detailed anthocyanin derivatives in regulating wine color was clarified. As the harvest ripeness elevated, wine's flavonoid profiles were altered and gained a higher red color intensity. This work provides chemical mechanisms underlying single-vineyard wines and a theoretical basis for targeted wine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Cheng Lu
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meng-Bo Tian
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ning Shi
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hui-Qing Li
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chi-Fang Cheng
- CITIC Guoan Wine Co. Ltd, Manasi 832200, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wu Chen
- CITIC Guoan Wine Co. Ltd, Manasi 832200, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shu-De Li
- CITIC Guoan Wine Co. Ltd, Manasi 832200, Xinjiang, China
| | - Fei He
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chang-Qing Duan
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100083, China
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2
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Sun Q, He L, Sun L, Xu HY, Fu YQ, Sun ZY, Zhu BQ, Duan CQ, Pan QH. Identification of SNP loci and candidate genes genetically controlling norisoprenoids in grape berry based on genome-wide association study. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1142139. [PMID: 36938056 PMCID: PMC10014734 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1142139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Obtaining new grapevine varieties with unique aromas has been a long-standing goal of breeders. Norisoprenoids are of particular interest to wine producers and researchers, as these compounds are responsible for the important varietal aromas in wine, characterized by a complex floral and fruity smell, and are likely present in all grape varieties. However, the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci and candidate genes genetically controlling the norisoprenoid content in grape berry remain unknown. To this end, in this study, we investigated 13 norisoprenoid traits across two years in an F1 population consisting of 149 individuals from a hybrid of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Muscat Alexandria and V. vinifera L. cv. Christmas Rose. Based on 568,953 SNP markers, genome-wide association analysis revealed that 27 candidate SNP loci belonging to 18 genes were significantly associated with the concentrations of norisoprenoid components in grape berry. Among them, 13 SNPs were confirmed in a grapevine germplasm population comprising 97 varieties, including two non-synonymous mutations SNPs within the VvDXS1 and VvGGPPS genes, respectively in the isoprenoid metabolic pathway. Genotype analysis showed that the grapevine individuals with the heterozygous genotype C/T at chr5:2987350 of VvGGPPS accumulated higher average levels of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and β-cyclocitral than those with the homozygous genotype C/C. Furthermore, VvGGPPS was highly expressed in individuals with high norisoprenoids concentrations. Transient overexpression of VvGGPPS in the leaves of Vitis quinquangularis and tobacco resulted in an increase in norisoprenoid concentrations. These findings indicate the importance of VvGGPPS in the genetic control of norisoprenoids in grape berries, serving as a potential molecular breeding target for aroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Lei He
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Ying Xu
- Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Qun Fu
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Yang Sun
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Qing Zhu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Qing Duan
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Pan
- Center for Viticulture & Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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3
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Savoi S, Santiago A, Orduña L, Matus JT. Transcriptomic and metabolomic integration as a resource in grapevine to study fruit metabolite quality traits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:937927. [PMID: 36340350 PMCID: PMC9630917 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.937927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptomics and metabolomics are methodologies being increasingly chosen to perform molecular studies in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), focusing either on plant and fruit development or on interaction with abiotic or biotic factors. Currently, the integration of these approaches has become of utmost relevance when studying key plant physiological and metabolic processes. The results from these analyses can undoubtedly be incorporated in breeding programs whereby genes associated with better fruit quality (e.g., those enhancing the accumulation of health-promoting compounds) or with stress resistance (e.g., those regulating beneficial responses to environmental transition) can be used as selection markers in crop improvement programs. Despite the vast amount of data being generated, integrative transcriptome/metabolome meta-analyses (i.e., the joint analysis of several studies) have not yet been fully accomplished in this species, mainly due to particular specificities of metabolomic studies, such as differences in data acquisition (i.e., different compounds being investigated), unappropriated and unstandardized metadata, or simply no deposition of data in public repositories. These meta-analyses require a high computational capacity for data mining a priori, but they also need appropriate tools to explore and visualize the integrated results. This perspective article explores the universe of omics studies conducted in V. vinifera, focusing on fruit-transcriptome and metabolome analyses as leading approaches to understand berry physiology, secondary metabolism, and quality. Moreover, we show how omics data can be integrated in a simple format and offered to the research community as a web resource, giving the chance to inspect potential gene-to-gene and gene-to-metabolite relationships that can later be tested in hypothesis-driven research. In the frame of the activities promoted by the COST Action CA17111 INTEGRAPE, we present the first grapevine transcriptomic and metabolomic integrated database (TransMetaDb) developed within the Vitis Visualization (VitViz) platform (https://tomsbiolab.com/vitviz). This tool also enables the user to conduct and explore meta-analyses utilizing different experiments, therefore hopefully motivating the community to generate Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (F.A.I.R.) data to be included in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Savoi
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Antonio Santiago
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, Spain
| | - Luis Orduña
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, Spain
| | - José Tomás Matus
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, Spain
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4
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Yin H, Wang L, Wang F, Xi Z. Effects of UVA disappearance and presence on the acylated anthocyanins formation in grape berries. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2022; 5:100142. [PMID: 36281335 PMCID: PMC9587524 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
UVA block inhibited acylated anthocyanin formation. UVA presence promoted acylated anthocyanin formation. Peonidin for acetylation and p-coumaroylation primarily respond to UVA. A total of 3962 DEGs and 136 DAMs were identified. VvMYBA1 played a key role in co-expression network.
Ultraviolet A (UVA), the major component of the UV, plays a crucial role in formatting the characteristics of color in wine grapes by influencing its anthocyanin composition and contents. Results showed that anthocyanin biosynthesis was suppressed by UVA screening and enhanced by irradiation. The acetylation and p-coumaroylation of anthocyanins were more pronounced and showed positive correlation with a* and negative correlation with L*, b*, C*, and h, thereby leading to changes in color. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis showed that two modules (red and turquoise) were significantly related to the acetylation and p-coumaroylation of peonidin. In addition, relative gene expression assays and correlation analysis also indicated that VvMYBA1 might influence anthocyanin accumulation by directly regulating VvOMT expression and increasing the flux to the vacuole through VvGST4. In conclusion, the results helped in improving our understanding of the role of UVA in skin color formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Yin
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fucheng Wang
- Penglai Vine and Wine Technology Research Extension Center, Penglai, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhumei Xi
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi Province, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding author.
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5
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Flutre T, Le Cunff L, Fodor A, Launay A, Romieu C, Berger G, Bertrand Y, Terrier N, Beccavin I, Bouckenooghe V, Roques M, Pinasseau L, Verbaere A, Sommerer N, Cheynier V, Bacilieri R, Boursiquot JM, Lacombe T, Laucou V, This P, Péros JP, Doligez A. A genome-wide association and prediction study in grapevine deciphers the genetic architecture of multiple traits and identifies genes under many new QTLs. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2022; 12:6575896. [PMID: 35485948 PMCID: PMC9258538 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To cope with the challenges facing agriculture, speeding-up breeding programs is a worthy endeavor, especially for perennial species such as grapevine, but requires understanding the genetic architecture of target traits. To go beyond the mapping of quantitative trait loci in bi-parental crosses, we exploited a diversity panel of 279 Vitis vinifera L. cultivars planted in 5 blocks in the vineyard. This panel was phenotyped over several years for 127 traits including yield components, organic acids, aroma precursors, polyphenols, and a water stress indicator. The panel was genotyped for 63k single nucleotide polymorphisms by combining an 18K microarray and genotyping-by-sequencing. The experimental design allowed to reliably assess the genotypic values for most traits. Marker densification via genotyping-by-sequencing markedly increased the proportion of genetic variance explained by single nucleotide polymorphisms, and 2 multi-single nucleotide polymorphism models identified quantitative trait loci not found by a single nucleotide polymorphism-by-single nucleotide polymorphism model. Overall, 489 reliable quantitative trait loci were detected for 41% more response variables than by a single nucleotide polymorphism-by-single nucleotide polymorphism model with microarray-only single nucleotide polymorphisms, many new ones compared with the results from bi-parental crosses. A prediction accuracy higher than 0.42 was obtained for 50% of the response variables. Our overall approach as well as quantitative trait locus and prediction results provide insights into the genetic architecture of target traits. New candidate genes and the application into breeding are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Flutre
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France.,UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE-Le Moulon, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Loïc Le Cunff
- UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France.,IFV, 30240 Le Grau-du-Roi, France
| | - Agota Fodor
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France.,UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Launay
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France.,UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Charles Romieu
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France.,UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Gilles Berger
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France.,UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Yves Bertrand
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France.,UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Nancy Terrier
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Maryline Roques
- UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France.,IFV, 30240 Le Grau-du-Roi, France
| | - Lucie Pinasseau
- SPO, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Verbaere
- SPO, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Sommerer
- SPO, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Roberto Bacilieri
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France.,UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Michel Boursiquot
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France.,UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Lacombe
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France.,UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Laucou
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France.,UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrice This
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France.,UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Péros
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France.,UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Agnès Doligez
- AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34398 Montpellier, France.,UMT Géno-Vigne, 34398 Montpellier, France
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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of the Accumulation of Anthocyanins Revealed the Underlying Metabolic and Molecular Mechanisms of Purple Pod Coloration in Okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Foods 2021; 10:foods10092180. [PMID: 34574288 PMCID: PMC8471371 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Color is an essential agronomic trait and the consumption of high anthocyanin containing vegetables in daily diet does provide benefits to human health, but the mechanisms on anthocyanin accumulation in tender pods of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) were totally unknown. In this study, a wide characterization and quantitation of anthocyanins and flavonols in tender pods of 15 okra varieties were performed by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS for the first time. Two major anthocyanins (delphinidin 3-O-sambubioside and cyanidin 3-O-sambubioside) and six kinds of flavonol glycosides (most are quercetin-based) were identified and quantified. The coloration of the purple okra pod mainly arises from the accumulation of both delphinidin 3-O-sambubioside and cyanidin 3-O-sambubioside in most of purple varieties (Hong Yu, Bowling Red and Burgundy), except Jing Orange. The significant differences in the compositions and contents of anthocyanins are responsible for the pod color ranging from brick-red to purplish-red among the various okra cultivars. Furthermore, four representative okra cultivars exhibiting obvious differences in anthocyanin accumulation were further analyzed with transcriptome and more than 4000 conserved differentially expressed genes were identified across the three compared groups (B vs. BR, B vs. HY and B vs. JO). Based on the comprehensive analysis of transcriptomic data, it was indicated that MBW complex consisting of AeMYB114, AeTT8, and AeTTG1 and other transcriptional factors coordinately regulate the accumulation of anthocyanins via the transcriptional regulation of structural genes. Moreover, four independent working models explaining the diversities of anthocyanin pigmentation in okra pods were also proposed. Altogether, these results improved our understanding on anthocyanin accumulation in okra pods, and provided strong supports for the development of okra pod as a functional food in the future.
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Effects of Traditional and Modern Post-Harvest Withering Processes on the Composition of the Vitis v. Corvina Grape and the Sensory Profile of Amarone Wines. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175198. [PMID: 34500632 PMCID: PMC8434166 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the Valpolicella area (Verona, Italy) Vitis vinifera cv. Corvina is the main grape variety used to produce Amarone wine. Before starting the winemaking process, the Corvina grapes are stored in a withering (i.e., dehydrating) warehouse until about 30% of the berry weight is lost (WL). This practice is performed to concentrate the metabolites in the berry and enrich the Amarone wine in aroma and antioxidant compounds. In compliance with the guidelines and strict Amarone protocol set by the Consorzio of Amarone Valpolicella, withering must be carried out by setting the grapes in a suitable environment, either under controlled relative air humidity (RH) conditions and wind speed (WS)—no temperature modification is to be applied—or, following the traditional methods, in non-controlled environmental conditions. In general, the two processes have different dehydration kinetics due to the different conditions in terms of temperature, RH, and WS, which affect the accumulation of sugars and organic acids and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as stilbenes and glycoside aroma precursors. For this study, the two grape-withering processes were carried out under controlled (C) and non-controlled (NC) conditions, and the final compositions of the Corvina dried grapes were compared also to evaluate the effects on the organoleptic characteristics of Amarone wine. The findings highlighted differences between the two processes mainly in terms of the secondary metabolites of the dried grapes, which affect the organoleptic characteristics of Amarone wine. Indeed, by the sensory evaluation, wines produced by adopting the NC process were found more harmonious, elegant, and balanced. Finally, we can state how using a traditional system, grapes were characterised by higher levels of VOCs (volatile compounds), whilst wines had a higher and appreciable complexity and finesse.
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Rienth M, Vigneron N, Darriet P, Sweetman C, Burbidge C, Bonghi C, Walker RP, Famiani F, Castellarin SD. Grape Berry Secondary Metabolites and Their Modulation by Abiotic Factors in a Climate Change Scenario-A Review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:643258. [PMID: 33828576 PMCID: PMC8020818 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.643258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Temperature, water, solar radiation, and atmospheric CO2 concentration are the main abiotic factors that are changing in the course of global warming. These abiotic factors govern the synthesis and degradation of primary (sugars, amino acids, organic acids, etc.) and secondary (phenolic and volatile flavor compounds and their precursors) metabolites directly, via the regulation of their biosynthetic pathways, or indirectly, via their effects on vine physiology and phenology. Several hundred secondary metabolites have been identified in the grape berry. Their biosynthesis and degradation have been characterized and have been shown to occur during different developmental stages of the berry. The understanding of how the different abiotic factors modulate secondary metabolism and thus berry quality is of crucial importance for breeders and growers to develop plant material and viticultural practices to maintain high-quality fruit and wine production in the context of global warming. Here, we review the main secondary metabolites of the grape berry, their biosynthesis, and how their accumulation and degradation is influenced by abiotic factors. The first part of the review provides an update on structure, biosynthesis, and degradation of phenolic compounds (flavonoids and non-flavonoids) and major aroma compounds (terpenes, thiols, methoxypyrazines, and C13 norisoprenoids). The second part gives an update on the influence of abiotic factors, such as water availability, temperature, radiation, and CO2 concentration, on berry secondary metabolism. At the end of the paper, we raise some critical questions regarding intracluster berry heterogeneity and dilution effects and how the sampling strategy can impact the outcome of studies on the grapevine berry response to abiotic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Rienth
- Changins College for Viticulture and Oenology, University of Sciences and Art Western Switzerland, Nyon, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Markus Rienth
| | - Nicolas Vigneron
- Changins College for Viticulture and Oenology, University of Sciences and Art Western Switzerland, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Darriet
- Unité de recherche Œnologie EA 4577, USC 1366 INRAE, Bordeaux, France
- Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin CS 50008, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Crystal Sweetman
- College of Science & Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Crista Burbidge
- Agriculture and Food (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation), Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
| | - Claudio Bonghi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova Agripolis, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Robert Peter Walker
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Franco Famiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Simone Diego Castellarin
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Wine Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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9
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Delfino P, Zenoni S, Imanifard Z, Tornielli GB, Bellin D. Selection of candidate genes controlling veraison time in grapevine through integration of meta-QTL and transcriptomic data. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:739. [PMID: 31615398 PMCID: PMC6794750 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6124-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High temperature during grape berry ripening impairs the quality of fruits and wines. Veraison time, which marks ripening onset, is a key factor for determining climatic conditions during berry ripening. Understanding its genetic control is crucial to successfully breed varieties more adapted to a changing climate. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) studies attempting to elucidate the genetic determinism of developmental stages in grapevine have identified wide genomic regions. Broad scale transcriptomic studies, by identifying sets of genes modulated during berry development and ripening, also highlighted a huge number of putative candidates. RESULTS With the final aim of providing an overview about available information on the genetic control of grapevine veraison time, and prioritizing candidates, we applied a meta-QTL analysis for grapevine phenology-related traits and checked for co-localization of transcriptomic candidates. A consensus genetic map including 3130 markers anchored to the grapevine genome assembly was compiled starting from 39 genetic maps. Two thousand ninety-three QTLs from 47 QTL studies were projected onto the consensus map, providing a comprehensive overview about distribution of available QTLs and revealing extensive co-localization especially across phenology related traits. From 141 phenology related QTLs we generated 4 veraison meta-QTLs located on linkage group (LG) 1 and 2, and 13 additional meta-QTLs connected to the veraison time genetic control, among which the most relevant were located on LG 14, 16 and 18. Functional candidates in these intervals were inspected. Lastly, taking advantage of available transcriptomic datasets, expression data along berry development were integrated, in order to pinpoint among positional candidates, those differentially expressed across the veraison transition. CONCLUSION Integration of meta-QTLs analysis on available phenology related QTLs and data from transcriptomic dataset allowed to strongly reduce the number of candidate genes for the genetic control of the veraison transition, prioritizing a list of 272 genes, among which 78 involved in regulation of gene expression, signal transduction or development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Delfino
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.,Present address: Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sara Zenoni
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Zahra Imanifard
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Diana Bellin
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.
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10
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Identification and functional prediction of cold-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in grapevine. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6638. [PMID: 31036931 PMCID: PMC6488645 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) undergoes dynamic regulation and acts in developmental and stress regulation. In this study, we surveyed the expression dynamics of lncRNAs in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) under cold stress using high-throughput sequencing. Two-hundred and three known lncRNAs were significantly up-regulated and 144 known lncRNAs were significantly down-regulated in cold-treated grapevine. In addition, 2 088 novel lncRNA transcripts were identified in this study, with 284 novel lncRNAs significantly up-regulated and 182 novel lncRNAs significantly down-regulated in cold-treated grapevine. Two-hundred and forty-two differentially expressed grapevine lncRNAs were predicted to target 326 protein-coding genes in a cis-regulatory relationship. Many differentially expressed grapevine lncRNAs targeted stress response-related genes, such as CBF4 transcription factor genes, late embryogenesis abundant protein genes, peroxisome biogenesis protein genes, and WRKY transcription factor genes. Sixty-two differentially expressed grapevine lncRNAs were predicted to target 100 protein-coding genes in a trans-regulatory relationship. The expression of overall target genes in both cis and trans-regulatory relationships were positively related to the expression of lncRNAs in grapevines under cold stress. We identified 31 known lncRNAs as 34 grapevine micro RNA (miRNA) precursors and some miRNAs may be derived from multiple lncRNAs. We found 212 lncRNAs acting as targets of miRNAs in grapevines, involving 150 miRNAs; additionally, 120 grapevine genes were predicted as targets of grapevine miRNAs and lncRNAs. We found one gene cluster that was up-regulated and showed the same expression trend. In this cluster, many genes may be involved in abiotic stress response such as WRKY, Hsf, and NAC transcription factor genes.
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11
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Vezzulli S, Malacarne G, Masuero D, Vecchione A, Dolzani C, Goremykin V, Mehari ZH, Banchi E, Velasco R, Stefanini M, Vrhovsek U, Zulini L, Franceschi P, Moser C. The Rpv3-3 Haplotype and Stilbenoid Induction Mediate Downy Mildew Resistance in a Grapevine Interspecific Population. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:234. [PMID: 30894868 PMCID: PMC6414455 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The development of new resistant varieties to the oomycete Plasmopara viticola (Berk.& Curt) is a promising way to combat downy mildew (DM), one of the major diseases threatening the cultivated grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Taking advantage of a segregating population derived from "Merzling" (a mid-resistant hybrid) and "Teroldego" (a susceptible landrace), 136 F1 individuals were characterized by combining genetic, phenotypic, and gene expression data to elucidate the genetic basis of DM resistance and polyphenol biosynthesis upon P. viticola infection. An improved consensus linkage map was obtained by scoring 192 microsatellite markers. The progeny were screened for DM resistance and production of 42 polyphenols. QTL mapping showed that DM resistance is associated with the herein named Rpv3-3 specific haplotype and it identified 46 novel metabolic QTLs linked to 30 phenolics-related parameters. A list of the 95 most relevant candidate genes was generated by specifically exploring the stilbenoid-associated QTLs. Expression analysis of 11 genes in Rpv3-3 +/- genotypes displaying disparity in DM resistance level and stilbenoid accumulation revealed significant new candidates for the genetic control of stilbenoid biosynthesis and oligomerization. These overall findings emphasized that DM resistance is likely mediated by the major Rpv3-3 haplotype and stilbenoid induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Vezzulli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Giulia Malacarne
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Domenico Masuero
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Antonella Vecchione
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Chiara Dolzani
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Vadim Goremykin
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Zeraye Haile Mehari
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Elisa Banchi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Velasco
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- CREA Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Conegliano, Italy
| | - Marco Stefanini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Luca Zulini
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Pietro Franceschi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Claudio Moser
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
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12
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Martínez-Lüscher J, Brillante L, Kurtural SK. Flavonol Profile Is a Reliable Indicator to Assess Canopy Architecture and the Exposure of Red Wine Grapes to Solar Radiation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:10. [PMID: 30766542 PMCID: PMC6365461 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to solar radiation is a determining factor of grape composition. Flavonol synthesis is upregulated by solar radiation leaving a fingerprint on flavonol profile. This study aimed to test the factors affecting flavonol accumulation and profile and their potential as an indicator to assess the overall exposure of red wine grape berry to solar radiation. We performed three experiments to study the response of flavonol accumulation and profile to (1) three different solar radiation exclusion treatments during berry development; (2) canopy porosity and leaf area index (LAI); and (3) spatial variability of water status, vigor and ripening and cultural practices in commercial vineyards. Results showed a strong relationship between global radiation, inverse dormant pruning weights or canopy porosity (inversely proportional to LAI) and % kaempferol or % quercetin. Furthermore, the increase in concentration of the above two flavonols was associated with a reduction of % myricetin. Total flavonol content, % kaempferol, % quercetin, and % myricetin had significant correlations with inverse dormant pruning weights, but these were less sensitive to over-ripening or water deficits. Flavonol profile was associated to site hydrology (wetness index) through changes in vigor, and to LAI; and responded to shoot thinning or fruit-zone leaf removal. These results support the reliability of the flavonol profile as an assessment parameter for studies aiming to discuss canopy architecture or the effect of solar radiation on grapevine berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Martínez-Lüscher
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Luca Brillante
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, California State University, Fresno, Fresno, CA, United States
| | - Sahap Kaan Kurtural
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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13
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Wang P, Su L, Gao H, Jiang X, Wu X, Li Y, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Ren F. Genome-Wide Characterization of bHLH Genes in Grape and Analysis of their Potential Relevance to Abiotic Stress Tolerance and Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:64. [PMID: 29449854 PMCID: PMC5799661 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors are involved in many abiotic stress responses as well as flavonol and anthocyanin biosynthesis. In grapes (Vitis vinifera L.), flavonols including anthocyanins and condensed tannins are most abundant in the skins of the berries. Flavonols are important phytochemicals for viticulture and enology, but grape bHLH genes have rarely been examined. We identified 94 grape bHLH genes in a genome-wide analysis and performed Nr and GO function analyses for these genes. Phylogenetic analyses placed the genes into 15 clades, with some remaining orphans. 41 duplicate gene pairs were found in the grape bHLH gene family, and all of these duplicate gene pairs underwent purifying selection. Nine triplicate gene groups were found in the grape bHLH gene family and all of these triplicate gene groups underwent purifying selection. Twenty-two grape bHLH genes could be induced by PEG treatment and 17 grape bHLH genes could be induced by cold stress treatment including a homologous form of MYC2, VvbHLH007. Based on the GO or Nr function annotations, we found three other genes that are potentially related to anthocyanin or flavonol biosynthesis: VvbHLH003, VvbHLH007, and VvbHLH010. We also performed a cis-acting regulatory element analysis on some genes involved in flavonoid or anthocyanin biosynthesis and our results showed that most of these gene promoters contained G-box or E-box elements that could be recognized by bHLH family members.
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14
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Gao J, Wang T, Liu M, Liu J, Zhang Z. Transcriptome analysis of filling stage seeds among three buckwheat species with emphasis on rutin accumulation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189672. [PMID: 29261741 PMCID: PMC5738128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Buckwheat is an important minor crop with pharmaceutical functions due to rutin enrichment in the seed. Seeds of common buckwheat cultivars (Fagopyrum esculentum, Fes) usually have much lower rutin content than tartary buckwheat (F. tartaricum, Ft). We previously found a wild species of common buckwheat (F. esculentum ssp. ancestrale, Fea), with seeds that are high in rutin, similar to Ft. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism by which rutin production varies among different buckwheat cultivars, Fea, a Ft variety (Xide) and a Fes variety (No.2 Pingqiao) using RNA sequencing of filling stage seeds. Sequencing data generated approximately 43.78-Gb of clean bases, all these data were pooled together and assembled 180,568 transcripts, and 109,952 unigenes. We established seed gene expression profiles of each buckwheat sample and assessed genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, storage proteins production, CYP450 family, starch and sucrose metabolism, and transcription factors. Differentially expressed genes between Fea and Fes were further analyzed due to their close relationship than with Ft. Expression levels of flavonoid biosynthesis gene FLS1 (Flavonol synthase 1) were similar in Fea and Ft, and much higher than in Fes, which was validated by qRT-PCR. This suggests that FLS1 transcript levels may be associated with rutin accumulation in filling stage seeds of buckwheat species. Further, we explored transcription factors by iTAK, and multiple gene families were identified as being involved in the coordinate regulation of metabolism and development. Our extensive transcriptomic data sets provide a complete description of metabolically related genes that are differentially expressed in filling stage buckwheat seeds and suggests that FLS1 is a key controller of rutin synthesis in buckwheat species. FLS1 can effectively convert dihydroflavonoids into flavonol products. These findings provide a basis for further studies of flavonoid biosynthesis in buckwheat breeding to help accelerate flavonoid metabolic engineering that would increase rutin content in cultivars of common buckwheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Gao
- The Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- The Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minxuan Liu
- The Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- The Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zongwen Zhang
- The Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- China Office of Biodiversity International, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: ,
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15
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Shaping the evolutionary tree of green plants: evidence from the GST family. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14363. [PMID: 29084977 PMCID: PMC5662610 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14316-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are encoded by genes belonging to a wide ubiquitous family in aerobic species and catalyze the conjugation of electrophilic substrates to glutathione (GSH). GSTs are divided in different classes, both in plants and animals. In plants, GSTs function in several pathways, including those related to secondary metabolites biosynthesis, hormone homeostasis, defense from pathogens and allow the prevention and detoxification of damage from heavy metals and herbicides. 1107 GST protein sequences from 20 different plant species with sequenced genomes were analyzed. Our analysis assigns 666 unclassified GSTs proteins to specific classes, remarking the wide heterogeneity of this gene family. Moreover, we highlighted the presence of further subclasses within each class. Regarding the class GST-Tau, one possible subclass appears to be present in all the Tau members of ancestor plant species. Moreover, the results highlight the presence of members of the Tau class in Marchantiophytes and confirm previous observations on the absence of GST-Tau in Bryophytes and green algae. These results support the hypothesis regarding the paraphyletic origin of Bryophytes, but also suggest that Marchantiophytes may be on the same branch leading to superior plants, depicting an alternative model for green plants evolution.
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16
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Costantini L, Kappel CD, Trenti M, Battilana J, Emanuelli F, Sordo M, Moretto M, Camps C, Larcher R, Delrot S, Grando MS. Drawing Links from Transcriptome to Metabolites: The Evolution of Aroma in the Ripening Berry of Moscato Bianco ( Vitis vinifera L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:780. [PMID: 28559906 PMCID: PMC5432621 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Monoterpenes confer typical floral notes to "Muscat" grapevine varieties and, to a lesser extent, to other aromatic non-Muscat varieties. Previous studies have led to the identification and functional characterization of some enzymes and genes in this pathway. However, the underlying genetic map is still far from being complete. For example, the specific steps of monoterpene metabolism and its regulation are largely unknown. With the aim of identifying new candidates for the missing links, we applied an integrative functional genomics approach based on the targeted metabolic and genome-wide transcript profiling of Moscato Bianco ripening berries. In particular, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of free and bound terpenoid compounds was combined with microarray analysis in the skins of berries collected at five developmental stages from pre-veraison to over-ripening. Differentially expressed metabolites and probes were identified in the pairwise comparison between time points by using the early stage as a reference. Metabolic and transcriptomic data were integrated through pairwise correlation and clustering approaches to discover genes linked with particular metabolites or groups of metabolites. These candidate transcripts were further checked for co-localization with quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting aromatic compounds. Our findings provide insights into the biological networks of grapevine secondary metabolism, both at the catalytic and regulatory levels. Examples include a nudix hydrolase as component of a terpene synthase-independent pathway for monoterpene biosynthesis, genes potentially involved in monoterpene metabolism (cytochrome P450 hydroxylases, epoxide hydrolases, glucosyltransferases), transport (vesicle-associated proteins, ABCG transporters, glutathione S-transferases, amino acid permeases), and transcriptional control (transcription factors of the ERF, MYB and NAC families, intermediates in light- and circadian cycle-mediated regulation with supporting evidence from the literature and additional regulatory genes with a previously unreported association to monoterpene accumulation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Costantini
- Grapevine Genetics and Breeding Unit, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Christian D. Kappel
- UMR Ecophysiology and Grape Functional Genomics, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, University of BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Massimiliano Trenti
- Grapevine Genetics and Breeding Unit, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Juri Battilana
- Grapevine Genetics and Breeding Unit, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Francesco Emanuelli
- Grapevine Genetics and Breeding Unit, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Maddalena Sordo
- Grapevine Genetics and Breeding Unit, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Marco Moretto
- Computational Biology Platform, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Céline Camps
- UMR Ecophysiology and Grape Functional Genomics, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, University of BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Roberto Larcher
- Experiment and Technological Services Department, Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Serge Delrot
- UMR Ecophysiology and Grape Functional Genomics, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, University of BordeauxVillenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Maria S. Grando
- Grapevine Genetics and Breeding Unit, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of TrentoSan Michele all'Adige, Italy
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17
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Gascuel Q, Diretto G, Monforte AJ, Fortes AM, Granell A. Use of Natural Diversity and Biotechnology to Increase the Quality and Nutritional Content of Tomato and Grape. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:652. [PMID: 28553296 PMCID: PMC5427129 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Improving fruit quality has become a major goal in plant breeding. Direct approaches to tackling fruit quality traits specifically linked to consumer preferences and environmental friendliness, such as improved flavor, nutraceutical compounds, and sustainability, have slowly been added to a breeder priority list that already includes traits like productivity, efficiency, and, especially, pest and disease control. Breeders already use molecular genetic tools to improve fruit quality although most advances have been made in producer and industrial quality standards. Furthermore, progress has largely been limited to simple agronomic traits easy-to-observe, whereas the vast majority of quality attributes, specifically those relating to flavor and nutrition, are complex and have mostly been neglected. Fortunately, wild germplasm, which is used for resistance against/tolerance of environmental stresses (including pathogens), is still available and harbors significant genetic variation for taste and health-promoting traits. Similarly, heirloom/traditional varieties could be used to identify which genes contribute to flavor and health quality and, at the same time, serve as a good source of the best alleles for organoleptic quality improvement. Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) produce fleshy, berry-type fruits, among the most consumed in the world. Both have undergone important domestication and selection processes, that have dramatically reduced their genetic variability, and strongly standardized fruit traits. Moreover, more and more consumers are asking for sustainable production, incompatible with the wide range of chemical inputs. In the present paper, we review the genetic resources available to tomato/grape breeders, and the recent technological progresses that facilitate the identification of genes/alleles of interest within the natural or generated variability gene pool. These technologies include omics, high-throughput phenotyping/phenomics, and biotech approaches. Our review also covers a range of technologies used to transfer to tomato and grape those alleles considered of interest for fruit quality. These include traditional breeding, TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes), genetic engineering, or NPBT (New Plant Breeding Technologies). Altogether, the combined exploitation of genetic variability and innovative biotechnological tools may facilitate breeders to improve fruit quality tacking more into account the consumer standards and the needs to move forward into more sustainable farming practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Gascuel
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Toulouse UniversityCastanet Tolosan, France
| | - Gianfranco Diretto
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy, and Sustainable Development, Casaccia Research CentreRome, Italy
| | - Antonio J. Monforte
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de ValenciaValencia, Spain
| | - Ana M. Fortes
- Faculdade de Ciências de Lisboa, Instituto de Biossistemas e Ciências Integrativas (BioISI), Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Antonio Granell
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de ValenciaValencia, Spain
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18
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Koyama K, Kamigakiuchi H, Iwashita K, Mochioka R, Goto-Yamamoto N. Polyphenolic diversity and characterization in the red-purple berries of East Asian wild Vitis species. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017; 134:78-86. [PMID: 27887737 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Grapes (Vitis spp.) produce diverse polyphenolic compounds, which are phytochemicals that contribute to human health. In this study, the polyphenolic profiles of the red-purple berries of two wild grape species native to Japan, Vitis ficifolia and V. coignetiae, and their interspecific hybrid cultivars were investigated and compared with the profiles of V. vinifera and V. × labruscana cultivars. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) were present at lower concentrations in both skins and seeds of wild grape species and their hybrid cultivars than those in V. vinifera cultivars. They also differed in their composition, consisting mainly of epicatechin in wild grape species, but containing considerable amounts of both epigallocatechin in the skins and epicatechin gallate in the seeds of V. vinifera. In contrast, V. ficifolia varieties and their hybrid cultivars accumulated high concentrations of diverse anthocyanins, and whose compositions of anthocyanins and flavonols differed between species in their degree of modification by glucosylation, acylation, methylation and B-ring hydroxylation. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the polyphenolic constituents clearly separate V. vinifera and V. × labruscana cultivars from the wild grape species as well as between wild grape species, V. coignetiae and V. ficifolia. Intermediate compositions were also observed in the hybrid cultivars between these wild grape species and V. vinifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Koyama
- National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kamigakiuchi
- National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Iwashita
- National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Mochioka
- University Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Showa, Sanuki, Kagawa, 769-2304, Japan
| | - Nami Goto-Yamamoto
- National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
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19
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Wong DCJ, Matus JT. Constructing Integrated Networks for Identifying New Secondary Metabolic Pathway Regulators in Grapevine: Recent Applications and Future Opportunities. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:505. [PMID: 28446914 PMCID: PMC5388765 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Representing large biological data as networks is becoming increasingly adopted for predicting gene function while elucidating the multifaceted organization of life processes. In grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), network analyses have been mostly adopted to contribute to the understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that control berry composition. Whereas, some studies have used gene co-expression networks to find common pathways and putative targets for transcription factors related to development and metabolism, others have defined networks of primary and secondary metabolites for characterizing the main metabolic differences between cultivars throughout fruit ripening. Lately, proteomic-related networks and those integrating genome-wide analyses of promoter regulatory elements have also been generated. The integration of all these data in multilayered networks allows building complex maps of molecular regulation and interaction. This perspective article describes the currently available network data and related resources for grapevine. With the aim of illustrating data integration approaches into network construction and analysis in grapevine, we searched for berry-specific regulators of the phenylpropanoid pathway. We generated a composite network consisting of overlaying maps of co-expression between structural and transcription factor genes, integrated with the presence of promoter cis-binding elements, microRNAs, and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA). This approach revealed new uncharacterized transcription factors together with several microRNAs potentially regulating different steps of the phenylpropanoid pathway, and one particular lncRNA compromising the expression of nine stilbene synthase (STS) genes located in chromosome 10. Application of network-based approaches into multi-omics data will continue providing supplementary resources to address important questions regarding grapevine fruit quality and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren C. J. Wong
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National UniversityActon, ACT, Australia
| | - José Tomás Matus
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UBBarcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: José Tomás Matus
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20
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Pinasseau L, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Verbaere A, Roques M, Meudec E, Le Cunff L, Péros JP, Ageorges A, Sommerer N, Boulet JC, Terrier N, Cheynier V. Cultivar Diversity of Grape Skin Polyphenol Composition and Changes in Response to Drought Investigated by LC-MS Based Metabolomics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1826. [PMID: 29163566 PMCID: PMC5663694 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds represent a large family of plant secondary metabolites, essential for the quality of grape and wine and playing a major role in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. Phenolic composition is genetically driven and greatly affected by environmental factors, including water stress. A major challenge for breeding of grapevine cultivars adapted to climate change and with high potential for wine-making is to dissect the complex plant metabolic response involved in adaptation mechanisms. A targeted metabolomics approach based on ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS) analysis in the Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode has been developed for high throughput profiling of the phenolic composition of grape skins. This method enables rapid, selective, and sensitive quantification of 96 phenolic compounds (anthocyanins, phenolic acids, stilbenoids, flavonols, dihydroflavonols, flavan-3-ol monomers, and oligomers…), and of the constitutive units of proanthocyanidins (i.e., condensed tannins), giving access to detailed polyphenol composition. It was applied on the skins of mature grape berries from a core-collection of 279 Vitis vinifera cultivars grown with or without watering to assess the genetic variation for polyphenol composition and its modulation by irrigation, in two successive vintages (2014-2015). Distribution of berry weights and δ13C values showed that non irrigated vines were subjected to a marked water stress in 2014 and to a very limited one in 2015. Metabolomics analysis of the polyphenol composition and chemometrics analysis of this data demonstrated an influence of water stress on the biosynthesis of different polyphenol classes and cultivar differences in metabolic response to water deficit. Correlation networks gave insight on the relationships between the different polyphenol metabolites and related biosynthetic pathways. They also established patterns of polyphenol response to drought, with different molecular families affected either positively or negatively in the different cultivars, with potential impact on grape and wine quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Pinasseau
- Plateforme Polyphénols SPO, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
- Plateforme Polyphénols SPO, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Verbaere
- Plateforme Polyphénols SPO, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Maryline Roques
- Plateforme Polyphénols SPO, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- SPO, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IFV Pôle national matériel végétal, UMT Génovigne, Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuelle Meudec
- Plateforme Polyphénols SPO, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Loïc Le Cunff
- IFV Pôle national matériel végétal, UMT Génovigne, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Péros
- AGAP, INRA, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Agnès Ageorges
- SPO, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Sommerer
- Plateforme Polyphénols SPO, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Claude Boulet
- Plateforme Polyphénols SPO, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nancy Terrier
- SPO, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Cheynier
- Plateforme Polyphénols SPO, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- SPO, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- *Correspondence: Véronique Cheynier
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21
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Chen WK, Bai XJ, Cao MM, Cheng G, Cao XJ, Guo RR, Wang Y, He L, Yang XH, He F, Duan CQ, Wang J. Dissecting the Variations of Ripening Progression and Flavonoid Metabolism in Grape Berries Grown under Double Cropping System. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1912. [PMID: 29176986 PMCID: PMC5686318 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A double cropping system has been commercially adopted in southern China, where there is abundant sunshine and heat resources. In this viticulture system, the first growing season normally starts as a summer cropping cycle; then, the vine is pruned and forced, resulting in a second crop in winter. Due to climate differences between the summer and winter growing seasons, grape ripening progression and flavonoid metabolism vary greatly. Here, the metabolites and transcriptome of flavonoid pathways were analyzed in grapes grown under two growing seasons at different stages. Notably, the winter cropping cycle strongly increased flavonoid levels by several times in comparison to summer grapes, while the summer season took a major toll on anthocyanin and flavonol accumulation, since the winter cropping greatly triggered the expression of upstream genes in the flavonoid pathway in a coordinated expression pattern. Moreover, the ratio of VviF3'5'Hs (flavonoid 3'5'-hydroxylase) to VviF3'Hs (flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase) transcript levels correlated remarkably well with the ratio of 3'5'-substituted to 3'-substituted flavonoids, which was presumed to control the flux of intermediates into different flavonoid branches. On the other hand, the phenological phase also varied greatly in the two crops. Compared to summer cropping, winter growing season accelerated the duration from budburst to veraison, therefore advancing the onset of ripening, but also prolonging the duration of ripening progression due to the purposes to harvest high-quality grapes. The differential expression pattern of hormone-related genes between the two cropping cycles might explain this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Kai Chen
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xian-Jin Bai
- Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Mu-Ming Cao
- Grape and Wine Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Guo Cheng
- Grape and Wine Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Xiong-Jun Cao
- Grape and Wine Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Rong-Rong Guo
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Laboratory, Nanning, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Lei He
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Yang
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Fei He
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Qing Duan
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Wang,
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22
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Del-Castillo-Alonso MÁ, Castagna A, Csepregi K, Hideg É, Jakab G, Jansen MAK, Jug T, Llorens L, Mátai A, Martínez-Lüscher J, Monforte L, Neugart S, Olejnickova J, Ranieri A, Schödl-Hummel K, Schreiner M, Soriano G, Teszlák P, Tittmann S, Urban O, Verdaguer D, Zipoli G, Martínez-Abaigar J, Núñez-Olivera E. Environmental Factors Correlated with the Metabolite Profile of Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot Noir Berry Skins along a European Latitudinal Gradient. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:8722-8734. [PMID: 27794599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b03272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Mature berries of Pinot Noir grapevines were sampled across a latitudinal gradient in Europe, from southern Spain to central Germany. Our aim was to study the influence of latitude-dependent environmental factors on the metabolite composition (mainly phenolic compounds) of berry skins. Solar radiation variables were positively correlated with flavonols and flavanonols and, to a lesser extent, with stilbenes and cinnamic acids. The daily means of global and erythematic UV solar radiation over long periods (bud break-veraison, bud break-harvest, and veraison-harvest), and the doses and daily means in shorter development periods (5-10 days before veraison and harvest) were the variables best correlated with the phenolic profile. The ratio between trihydroxylated and monohydroxylated flavonols, which was positively correlated with antioxidant capacity, was the berry skin variable best correlated with those radiation variables. Total flavanols and total anthocyanins did not show any correlation with radiation variables. Air temperature, degree days, rainfall, and aridity indices showed fewer correlations with metabolite contents than radiation. Moreover, the latter correlations were restricted to the period veraison-harvest, where radiation, temperature, and water availability variables were correlated, making it difficult to separate the possible individual effects of each type of variable. The data show that managing environmental factors, in particular global and UV radiation, through cultural practices during specific development periods, can be useful to promote the synthesis of valuable nutraceuticals and metabolites that influence wine quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonella Castagna
- Department of Agriculture - Food and Environment, and Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa , via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Kristóf Csepregi
- Institute of Biology, University of Pécs , Ifjúság u. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Hideg
- Institute of Biology, University of Pécs , Ifjúság u. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gabor Jakab
- Institute of Biology, University of Pécs , Ifjúság u. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Research Institute for Viticulture and Oenology, University of Pécs , Pázmány P. u. 4, 7634 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Marcel A K Jansen
- School of Biological, Environmental and Earth Sciences, University College Cork , College Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Tjaša Jug
- Agricultural and Forestry Institute of Nova Gorica , Pri hrastu 18, 5270 Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Laura Llorens
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi , Maria Aurèlia Capmany i Farnés 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Anikó Mátai
- Institute of Biology, University of Pécs , Ifjúság u. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Johann Martínez-Lüscher
- UMR 1287 EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV , 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Laura Monforte
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of La Rioja , Madre de Dios 53, 26006 Logroño (La Rioja), Spain
| | - Susanne Neugart
- Department Plant Quality, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Grossbeeren/Erfurt e.V. , Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Julie Olejnickova
- Global Change Research Institute CAS , v.v.i, Bělidla 986/4a, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Annamaria Ranieri
- Department of Agriculture - Food and Environment, and Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa , via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Katharina Schödl-Hummel
- Department of Crop Sciences, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences , Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Department Plant Quality, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Grossbeeren/Erfurt e.V. , Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Gonzalo Soriano
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of La Rioja , Madre de Dios 53, 26006 Logroño (La Rioja), Spain
| | - Péter Teszlák
- Research Institute for Viticulture and Oenology, University of Pécs , Pázmány P. u. 4, 7634 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Susanne Tittmann
- Institute for General and Organic Viticulture, Geisenheim University , Von-Lade-Strasse 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research Institute CAS , v.v.i, Bělidla 986/4a, 60300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dolors Verdaguer
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi , Maria Aurèlia Capmany i Farnés 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Gaetano Zipoli
- Institute of Biometeorology - National Research Council , Via Caproni 8, 50144 Firenze, Italy
| | - Javier Martínez-Abaigar
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of La Rioja , Madre de Dios 53, 26006 Logroño (La Rioja), Spain
| | - Encarnación Núñez-Olivera
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of La Rioja , Madre de Dios 53, 26006 Logroño (La Rioja), Spain
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23
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Malacarne G, Coller E, Czemmel S, Vrhovsek U, Engelen K, Goremykin V, Bogs J, Moser C. The grapevine VvibZIPC22 transcription factor is involved in the regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3509-22. [PMID: 27194742 PMCID: PMC4892739 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In grapevine, flavonoids constitute one of the most abundant subgroups of secondary metabolites, influencing the quality, health value, and typicity of wines. Their synthesis in many plant species is mainly regulated at the transcriptional level by modulation of flavonoid pathway genes either by single regulators or by complexes of different regulators. In particular, bZIP and MYB factors interact synergistically in the recognition of light response units present in the promoter of some genes of the pathway, thus mediating light-dependent flavonoid biosynthesis. We recently identified VvibZIPC22, a member of clade C of the grapevine bZIP family, in a quantitative trait locus (QTL) specifically associated with kaemperol content in mature berries. Here, to validate the involvement of this candidate gene in the fine regulation of flavonol biosynthesis, we characterized its function by in vitro and in vivo experiments. A role for this gene in the control of flavonol biosynthesis was indeed confirmed by its highest expression at flowering and during UV light-mediated induction, paralleled by accumulation of the flavonol synthase 1 transcript and flavonol compounds. The overexpression of VvibZIPC22 in tobacco caused a significant increase in several flavonoids in the flower, via induction of general and specific genes of the pathway. In agreement with this evidence, VvibZIPC22 was able to activate the promoters of specific genes of the flavonoid pathway, alone or together with other factors, as revealed by transient reporter assays. These findings, supported by in silico indications, allowed us to propose VvibZIPC22 as a new regulator of flavonoid biosynthesis in grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Malacarne
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Emanuela Coller
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Stefan Czemmel
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Kristof Engelen
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Vadim Goremykin
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Jochen Bogs
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany Studiengang Weinbau und Oenologie, Dienstleistungszentrum Laendlicher Raum Rheinpfalz, Breitenweg 71, D-67435 Neustadt, Germany
| | - Claudio Moser
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
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24
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Moretto M, Sonego P, Pilati S, Malacarne G, Costantini L, Grzeskowiak L, Bagagli G, Grando MS, Moser C, Engelen K. VESPUCCI: Exploring Patterns of Gene Expression in Grapevine. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:633. [PMID: 27242836 PMCID: PMC4862315 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale transcriptional studies aim to decipher the dynamic cellular responses to a stimulus, like different environmental conditions. In the era of high-throughput omics biology, the most used technologies for these purposes are microarray and RNA-Seq, whose data are usually required to be deposited in public repositories upon publication. Such repositories have the enormous potential to provide a comprehensive view of how different experimental conditions lead to expression changes, by comparing gene expression across all possible measured conditions. Unfortunately, this task is greatly impaired by differences among experimental platforms that make direct comparisons difficult. In this paper, we present the Vitis Expression Studies Platform Using COLOMBOS Compendia Instances (VESPUCCI), a gene expression compendium for grapevine which was built by adapting an approach originally developed for bacteria, and show how it can be used to investigate complex gene expression patterns. We integrated nearly all publicly available microarray and RNA-Seq expression data: 1608 gene expression samples from 10 different technological platforms. Each sample has been manually annotated using a controlled vocabulary developed ad hoc to ensure both human readability and computational tractability. Expression data in the compendium can be visually explored using several tools provided by the web interface or can be programmatically accessed using the REST interface. VESPUCCI is freely accessible at http://vespucci.colombos.fmach.it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Moretto
- Department of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund MachTrento, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of PadovaPadova, Italy
| | - Paolo Sonego
- Department of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund MachTrento, Italy
| | - Stefania Pilati
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund MachTrento, Italy
| | - Giulia Malacarne
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund MachTrento, Italy
| | - Laura Costantini
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund MachTrento, Italy
| | - Lukasz Grzeskowiak
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund MachTrento, Italy
| | - Giorgia Bagagli
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund MachTrento, Italy
| | - Maria Stella Grando
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund MachTrento, Italy
| | - Claudio Moser
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crop, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund MachTrento, Italy
| | - Kristof Engelen
- Department of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Center, Fondazione Edmund MachTrento, Italy
- *Correspondence: Kristof Engelen,
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25
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Costantini L, Malacarne G, Lorenzi S, Troggio M, Mattivi F, Moser C, Grando MS. New candidate genes for the fine regulation of the colour of grapes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:4427-40. [PMID: 26071528 PMCID: PMC4507754 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, great progress has been made in clarifying the main determinants of anthocyanin accumulation in grape berry skin. However, the molecular details of the fine variation among cultivars, which ultimately contributes to wine typicity, are still not completely understood. To shed light on this issue, the grapes of 170 F1 progeny from the cross 'Syrah'×'Pinot Noir' were characterized at the mature stage for the content of 15 anthocyanins during four growing seasons. This huge data set was used in combination with a dense genetic map to detect genomic regions controlling the anthocyanin pathway both at key enzymatic points and at particular branches. Genes putatively involved in fine tuning the global regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis were identified by exploring the gene predictions in the QTL (quantitative trait locus) confidence intervals and their expression profile during berry development in offspring with contrasting anthocyanin accumulation. New information on some aspects which had scarcely been investigated so far, such as anthocyanin transport into the vacuole, or completely neglected, such as acylation, is provided. These genes represent a valuable resource in grapevine molecular-based breeding programmes to improve both fruit and wine quality and to tailor wine sensory properties according to consumer demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Costantini
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Giulia Malacarne
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Silvia Lorenzi
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Michela Troggio
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Fulvio Mattivi
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Claudio Moser
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Maria Stella Grando
- Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 S. Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
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