1
|
Shafiee D, Salpynov Z, Gusmanov A, Khuanbai Y, Mukhatayev Z, Kunz J. Enteric Infection-Associated Reactive Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3433. [PMID: 38929962 PMCID: PMC11205162 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13123433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the proportions of individuals infected with Campylobacter, Escherichia, Salmonella, Shigella, or Yersinia who develop reactive arthritis. Methods. A systematic review was conducted, encompassing English-language articles published before January 2024, sourced from the Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. This review included observational studies that reported the occurrence of reactive arthritis (ReA) among patients with Campylobacter, Escherichia, Salmonella, Shigella, or Yersinia infections. Data extraction was carried out independently by two reviewers. Subsequently, a random-effects meta-analysis was performed, with heterogeneity assessed using the I2 value. Additionally, meta-regression was employed to investigate the potential influence of study-level variables on the observed heterogeneity. Results. A total of 87 studies were identified; 23 reported on ReA development after Campylobacter infection, 7 reported on ReA after Escherichia infection, 30 reported ReA onset after salmonellosis, 14 reported ReA after shigellosis, and 13 reported ReA after Yersinia infection. The proportion of Campylobacter patients who developed ReA was 0.03 (95% CI [0.01, 0.06], I2 = 97.62%); the proportion of Escherichia patients who developed ReA was 0.01 (95% CI [0.00, 0.06], I2 = 92.78%); the proportion of Salmonella patients was 0.04 (95% CI [0.02, 0.08], I2 = 97.67%); the proportion of Shigella patients was 0.01 (95% CI [0.01, 0.03], I2 = 90.64%); and the proportion of Yersinia patients who developed ReA was 0.05 (95% CI [0.02, 0.13], I2 = 96%). Conclusion. A significant proportion of Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia cases resulted in ReA. Nonetheless, it is important to interpret the findings cautiously due to the substantial heterogeneity observed between studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darya Shafiee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan; (D.S.); (Z.S.); (A.G.); (Z.M.)
| | - Zhandos Salpynov
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan; (D.S.); (Z.S.); (A.G.); (Z.M.)
| | - Arnur Gusmanov
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan; (D.S.); (Z.S.); (A.G.); (Z.M.)
| | | | - Zhussipbek Mukhatayev
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan; (D.S.); (Z.S.); (A.G.); (Z.M.)
- National Laboratory Astana, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Jeannette Kunz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan; (D.S.); (Z.S.); (A.G.); (Z.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gorain C, Gupta S, Alam SSM, Hoque M, Karlyshev AV, Mallick AI. Identification and functional characterization of putative ligand binding domain(s) of JlpA protein of Campylobacter jejuni. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130388. [PMID: 38417756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Among the major Surface Exposed Colonization Proteins (SECPs) of Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni), Jejuni lipoprotein A (JlpA) plays a crucial role in host cell adhesion specifically by binding to the N-terminal domain of the human heat shock protein 90α (Hsp90α-NTD). Although the JlpA binding to Hsp90α activates NF-κB and p38 MAP kinase pathways, the underlying mechanism of JlpA association with the cellular receptor remains unclear. To this end, we predicted two potential receptor binding sites within the C-terminal domain of JlpA: one spanning from amino acid residues Q332-A354 and the other from S258-T295; however, the latter exhibited weaker binding. To assess the functional attributes of these predicted sequences, we generated two JlpA mutants (JlpAΔ1: S258-T295; JlpAΔ2: Q332-A354) and assessed the Hsp90α-binding affinity-kinetics by in vitro and ex vivo experiments. Our findings confirmed that the residues Q332-A354 are of greater importance in host cell adhesion with a measurable impact on cellular responses. Further, thermal denaturation by circular dichroism (CD) confirmed that the reduced binding affinity of the JlpAΔ2 to Hsp90α is not associated with protein folding or stability. Together, this study provides a possible framework for determining the molecular function of designing rational inhibitors efficiently targeting JlpA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Gorain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Subhadeep Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - S S Mahafujul Alam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, New Town Kolkata, West Bengal, 700160, India
| | - Mehboob Hoque
- Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, New Town Kolkata, West Bengal, 700160, India
| | - Andrey V Karlyshev
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry Faculty of Health, Science, Social Care & Education, Kingston University London, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, KT12EE, UK
| | - Amirul Islam Mallick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Le LHM, Elgamoudi B, Colon N, Cramond A, Poly F, Ying L, Korolik V, Ferrero RL. Campylobacter jejuni extracellular vesicles harboring cytolethal distending toxin bind host cell glycans and induce cell cycle arrest in host cells. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0323223. [PMID: 38319111 PMCID: PMC10913475 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03232-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs) are released by Gram-negative pathogens into the extracellular medium as free toxin or associated with extracellular vesicles (EVs), commonly known as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). CDT production by the gastrointestinal pathogen Campylobacter jejuni has been implicated in colorectal tumorigenesis. Despite CDT being a major virulence factor for C. jejuni, little is known about the EV-associated form of this toxin. To address this point, C. jejuni mutants lacking each of the three CDT subunits (A, B, and C) were generated. C. jejuni cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC bacteria released EVs in similar numbers and sizes to wild-type bacteria, ranging from 5 to 530 nm (mean ± SEM = 118 ±6.9 nm). As the CdtAC subunits mediate toxin binding to host cells, we performed "surface shearing" experiments, in which EVs were treated with proteinase K and incubated with host cells. These experiments indicated that CDT subunits are internal to EVs and that surface proteins are probably not involved in EV-host cell interactions. Furthermore, glycan array studies demonstrated that EVs bind complex host cell glycans and share receptor binding specificities with C. jejuni bacteria for fucosyl GM1 ganglioside, P1 blood group antigen, sialyl, and sulfated Lewisx. Finally, we show that EVs from C. jejuni WT but not mutant bacteria induce cell cycle arrest in epithelial cells. In conclusion, we propose that EVs are an important mechanism for CDT release by C. jejuni and are likely to play a significant role in toxin delivery to host cells. IMPORTANCE Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of foodborne gastroenteritis in humans worldwide and a significant cause of childhood mortality due to diarrheal disease in developing countries. A major factor by which C. jejuni causes disease is a toxin, called cytolethal distending toxin (CDT). The biology of this toxin, however, is poorly understood. In this study, we report that C. jejuni CDT is protected within membrane blebs, known as extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by the bacterium. We showed that proteins on the surfaces of EVs are not required for EV uptake by host cells. Furthermore, we identified several sugar receptors that may be required for EV binding to host cells. By studying the EV-associated form of C. jejuni CDT, we will gain a greater understanding of how C. jejuni intoxicates host cells and how EV-associated CDT may be used in various therapeutic applications, including as anti-tumor therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Hoang My Le
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bassam Elgamoudi
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nina Colon
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angus Cramond
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frederic Poly
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Centre, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Le Ying
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Victoria Korolik
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard L. Ferrero
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sunnerhagen T, Grenthe R, Kampmann C, Karlsson Söbirk S, Bläckberg A. Campylobacter Infections With and Without Bacteremia: A Comparative Retrospective Population-Based Study. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofae131. [PMID: 38524227 PMCID: PMC10960602 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bacteremia with species in the genus Campylobacter is rare, and knowledge of the disease course in comparison with Campylobacter enteritis is limited. Methods This is a retrospective population-based study. Episodes of Campylobacter bacteremia and Campylobacter enteritis with a concurrent negative blood culture result that occurred between 2015 and 2022 in southern Sweden were identified through the laboratory database. Medical records were reviewed, and clinical features between patients with bacteremic Campylobacter infections were compared with patients with Campylobacter spp found in feces. Results The study included 29 bacteremic infections with Campylobacter and 119 cases of Campylobacter spp found in feces. Patients with Campylobacter bacteremia were significantly older than those with enteritis (72 years [IQR, 58-62] vs 58 years [IQR, 33-67], P < .0001). Eleven patients with bacteremia developed sepsis within 48 hours from blood culturing, and no patient died within 30 days from hospital admission. Conclusions Campylobacter bacteremia is rare and occurs mainly in the elderly with comorbidities. In comparison with Campylobacter infections limited to the gastrointestinal tract, patients with bacteremic Campylobacter infections are older and seem more prone to develop sepsis. Classical gastroenteritis symptoms in bacteremic cases with Campylobacter may be absent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Torgny Sunnerhagen
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Microbiology, Infection Prevention and Control, Office for Medical Services, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rasmus Grenthe
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christian Kampmann
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sara Karlsson Söbirk
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Microbiology, Infection Prevention and Control, Office for Medical Services, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Bläckberg
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Higuera-Ciapara I, Benitez-Vindiola M, Figueroa-Yañez LJ, Martínez-Benavidez E. Polyphenols and CRISPR as Quorum Quenching Agents in Antibiotic-Resistant Foodborne Human Pathogens ( Salmonella Typhimurium, Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli 0157:H7). Foods 2024; 13:584. [PMID: 38397561 PMCID: PMC10888066 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance in foodborne pathogens is an increasing threat to global human health. Among the most prevalent antibiotic-resistant bacteria are Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Campylobacter jejuni and E. coli 0157:H7. Control of these and other pathogens requires innovative approaches, i.e., discovering new molecules that will inactivate them, or render them less virulent without inducing resistance. Recently, several polyphenol molecules have been shown to possess such characteristics. Also, the use of CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) approaches has recently been proposed for such purpose. This review summarizes the main findings regarding the application of both approaches to control the above-mentioned foodborne pathogens by relying on Quorum Sensing interference (Quorum Quenching) mechanisms and highlights the avenues needed for further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marieva Benitez-Vindiola
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Luis J. Figueroa-Yañez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Guadalajara 44270, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.J.F.-Y.); (E.M.-B.)
| | - Evelin Martínez-Benavidez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Guadalajara 44270, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.J.F.-Y.); (E.M.-B.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Higuera-Ciapara I, Benitez-Vindiola M, Figueroa-Yañez LJ, Martínez-Benavidez E. Polyphenols and CRISPR as Quorum Quenching Agents in Antibiotic-Resistant Foodborne Human Pathogens (Salmonella Typhimurium, Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli 0157:H7). Foods 2024; 13:584. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.3390/foods13040584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance in foodborne pathogens is an increasing threat to global human health. Among the most prevalent antibiotic-resistant bacteria are Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Campylobacter jejuni and E. coli 0157:H7. Control of these and other pathogens requires innovative approaches, i.e., discovering new molecules that will inactivate them, or render them less virulent without inducing resistance. Recently, several polyphenol molecules have been shown to possess such characteristics. Also, the use of CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) approaches has recently been proposed for such purpose. This review summarizes the main findings regarding the application of both approaches to control the above-mentioned foodborne pathogens by relying on Quorum Sensing interference (Quorum Quenching) mechanisms and highlights the avenues needed for further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luis J. Figueroa-Yañez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Guadalajara 44270, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Evelin Martínez-Benavidez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C., Guadalajara 44270, Jalisco, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Spondyloarthropathies, also known as spondyloarthritis, encompasses a spectrum of diseases classified by it's axial and peripheral musculoskeletal manifestations. Extra-articular features are common in SpA making these systemic rheumatologic diseases involve the skin, eye, gut, and other organ systems.Research has identified risk factors for the development of spondyloarthritis, particularly regarding genetic susceptibility and the strong association with HLA-B27. Multiple studies have elucidated clinical risk factors associated with SpA disease activity and severity. In this review, we aim to explore the environmental risk factors for spondyloarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvette Farran
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, John P. and Kathrine G. McGovern School of Medicine at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin MSB 5.270, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John Reveille
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, John P. and Kathrine G. McGovern School of Medicine at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin MSB 5.270, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mark Hwang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, John P. and Kathrine G. McGovern School of Medicine at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin MSB 5.270, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Walker TA, Grainger R, Quirke T, Roos R, Sherwood J, Mackereth G, Kiedrzynski T, Eyre R, Paine S, Wood T, Jagroop A, Baker MG, Jones N. Reactive arthritis incidence in a community cohort following a large waterborne campylobacteriosis outbreak in Havelock North, New Zealand. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060173. [PMID: 35667727 PMCID: PMC9171216 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In August 2016, Campylobacter spp contaminated an untreated reticulated water supply resulting in a large-scale gastroenteritis outbreak affecting an estimated 8320 people. We aimed to determine the incidence of probable reactive arthritis (ReA) cases in individuals with culture-confirmed campylobacteriosis (CC), self-reported probable campylobacteriosis (PC) and those reporting no diarrhoea (ND). DESIGN We conducted a retrospective cohort study to identify incidence of probable ReA cases. We identified cases with new ReA symptoms using an adapted acute ReA (AReA) telephone questionnaire. Those reporting ≥1 symptom underwent a telephone interview with the study rheumatologist. Probable ReA was defined as spontaneous onset of pain suggestive of inflammatory arthritis in ≥1 previously asymptomatic joint for ≥3 days occurring ≤12 weeks after outbreak onset. SETTING Population-based epidemiological study in Havelock North, New Zealand. PARTICIPANTS We enrolled notified CC cases with gastroenteritis symptom onsets 5 August 2016-6 September 2016 and conducted a telephone survey of households supplied by the contaminated water source to enrol PC and ND cases. RESULTS One hundred and six (47.3%) CC, 47 (32.6%) PC and 113 (34.3%) ND cases completed the AReA telephone questionnaire. Of those reporting ≥1 new ReA symptom, 45 (75.0%) CC, 13 (68.4%) PC and 14 (82.4%) ND cases completed the rheumatologist telephone interview. Nineteen CC, 4 PC and 2 ND cases developed probable ReA, resulting in minimum incidences of 8.5%, 2.8% and 0.6% and maximum incidences of 23.9%, 12.4% and 2.15%. DISCUSSION We describe high probable ReA incidences among gastroenteritis case types during a very large Campylobacter gastroenteritis outbreak using a resource-efficient method that is feasible to employ in future outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany A Walker
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd, Porirua, The New Zealand
| | - Rebecca Grainger
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington, The New Zealand
| | - Terence Quirke
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd, Porirua, The New Zealand
| | - Rebekah Roos
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd, Porirua, The New Zealand
| | - Jill Sherwood
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd, Porirua, The New Zealand
| | - Graham Mackereth
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd, Porirua, The New Zealand
| | | | - Rachel Eyre
- Hawke's Bay District Health Board, Napier, The New Zealand
| | - Shevaun Paine
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd, Porirua, The New Zealand
| | - Tim Wood
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd, Porirua, The New Zealand
| | - Anita Jagroop
- School of Health and Sport Science, Eastern Institute of Technology, Napier, The New Zealand
| | - Michael G Baker
- Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, The New Zealand
| | - Nicholas Jones
- Hawke's Bay District Health Board, Napier, The New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Coustillères F, Hanoy M, Lemée L, Le Roy F, Bertrand D. Campylobacter fetus bacteremia complicated by multiple splenic abscesses and multivisceral signs in a renal transplant recipient: a case report and review of the literature. Braz J Infect Dis 2022; 26:102336. [PMID: 35227664 PMCID: PMC9387491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2022.102336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a rare case of Campylobacter fetus bacteremia in a 50-year-old woman following kidney transplantation. Bacteremia was complicated by multivisceral signs such as multiple splenic abscesses, bacterial hepatitis, erythema nodosum and reactive arthritis. Despite a prolonged diagnostic delay, the diagnosis was made on blood culture identification and the global outcome was favorable with adequate antibiotherapy. Reports in the literature describe a high rate of mortality for Campylobacter spp. septicemia, with most patients being immunocompromised. However, Campylobacter spp. has been rarely described in renal transplant patients. Moreover, a splenic septic localization due to Campylobacter spp. has been reported only once to our knowledge. Clinicians should be aware of the diagnostic difficulties related to the frequent negativity of stool samples in C. fetus septicemia, in order to implement a tailored medical strategy. Some data suggest that rapid introduction of adapted antibiotic therapy is associated with a reduction in mortality.
Collapse
|
10
|
Predicting Hospital Readmission for Campylobacteriosis from Electronic Health Records: A Machine Learning and Text Mining Perspective. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12010086. [PMID: 35055401 PMCID: PMC8779953 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: This study investigates influential risk factors for predicting 30-day readmission to hospital for Campylobacter infections (CI). (2) Methods: We linked general practitioner and hospital admission records of 13,006 patients with CI in Wales (1990–2015). An approach called TF-zR (term frequency-zRelevance) technique was presented to evaluates how relevant a clinical term is to a patient in a cohort characterized by coded health records. The zR is a supervised term-weighting metric to assign weight to a term based on relative frequencies of the term across different classes. Cost-sensitive classifier with swarm optimization and weighted subset learning was integrated to identify influential clinical signals as predictors and optimal model for readmission prediction. (3) Results: From a pool of up to 17,506 variables, 33 most predictive factors were identified, including age, gender, Townsend deprivation quintiles, comorbidities, medications, and procedures. The predictive model predicted readmission with 73% sensitivity and 54% specificity. Variables associated with readmission included male gender, recurrent tonsillitis, non-healing open wounds, operation for in-gown toenails. Cystitis, paracetamol/codeine use, age (21–25), and heliclear triple pack use, were associated with a lower risk of readmission. (4) Conclusions: This study gives a profile of clustered variables that are predictive of readmission associated with campylobacteriosis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Okoye JC, Bellamy-Carter J, Oldham NJ, Oldfield NJ, Mahdavi J, Soultanas P. Ferric quinate (QPLEX) interacts with the major outer membrane protein (MOMP) of Campylobacter jejuni and enters through the porin channel into the periplasmic space. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:5355-5363. [PMID: 36212543 PMCID: PMC9522878 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferric chelates like ferric tyrosinate (TYPLEX) and the closely related ferric quinate (QPLEX) are structural mimics of bacterial siderophores. TYPLEX has been trialled as a feed additive in farming of commercial broilers, reducing Campylobacter loads by 2–3 log10 and leading to faster growth and better feed consumption. These ferric chelates offer a good alternative feed additive to antibiotics helping to reduce the indiscriminate use of preventative antibiotics in broiler farming to control Campylobacter infections. In this study, we show that QPLEX binds to the Major Outer Membrane Protein (MOMP) of C. jejuni NCTC11168. MOMP is an essential and abundant outer membrane porin on the surface of the bacteria, acting as an adhesin to help establish infection by mediating attachment of C. jejuni onto the gut epithelium of broilers and establish infection. Using carbene footprinting, we map the MOMP-QPLEX interaction and show by complementary in silico docking that QPLEX enters the porin channel through interactions at the extracellular face, translocates down the channel through a dipole transverse electric field towards the opposite end and is released into the periplasm at the intracellular face of MOMP. Our studies suggest a potential mechanism for the non-antibiotic anti-Campylobacter activity of these ferric chelates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C. Okoye
- School of Chemistry, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Neil J. Oldham
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Neil J. Oldfield
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Jafar Mahdavi
- School of Chemistry, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Panos Soultanas
- School of Chemistry, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Johansson C, Kampmann C, Nilsson A, Dicksved J, Engstrand L, Rautelin H. Genomic and Phenotypic Characteristics in Geographically Separated Clinical Campylobacter jejuni ST353CC Isolates. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2540. [PMID: 34946141 PMCID: PMC8709058 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni fecal isolates of eight international travelers, 5 of which had traveled to Ecuador and 3 to Bangladesh, were characterized, and the possible relationship between bacterial traits and clinical symptoms was further analyzed. All eight isolates belonged to the same Multi-Locus Sequence Type clonal complex (ST353CC). The three isolates from Bangladesh were all of the same sequence type (ST-9438), and when compared to isolates of various other sequence types, they had a larger quantity of unique genetic content, higher expression levels of some putative virulence genes involved in adhesion and invasion (flpA, ciaB and iamA), and showed higher adhesion levels to human HT-29 colon cancer cells in an in vitro infection model. However, in contrast to the seemingly higher pathogenic potential of these bacterial isolates, travelers infected with the ST-9438 isolates had no or only very mild symptoms, whereas the other individuals, whose bacterial isolates seemed to have less pathogenic potential, generally reported severe symptoms. When studying the 16S rRNA gene-based fecal microbiota in samples collected prior to travel, there was an individual variation in the relative abundance of the three major bacterial phyla Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, but there were no associations between composition and diversity of microbiota and development of severe symptoms from the infection. It remains to be confirmed by larger studies whether an individual's characteristics such as gut microbiota, might be related to the severity of symptoms in Campylobacter infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Johansson
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (C.J.); (C.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Christian Kampmann
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (C.J.); (C.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Anna Nilsson
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (C.J.); (C.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Johan Dicksved
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Lars Engstrand
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Hilpi Rautelin
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (C.J.); (C.K.); (A.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gorain C, Khan A, Singh A, Mondal S, Mallick AI. Bioengineering of LAB vector expressing Haemolysin co-regulated protein (Hcp): a strategic approach to control gut colonization of Campylobacter jejuni in a murine model. Gut Pathog 2021; 13:48. [PMID: 34330327 PMCID: PMC8323230 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-021-00444-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is accountable for more than 400 million cases of gastroenteritis each year and is listed as a high-priority gut pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO). Although the acute infection of C. jejuni (campylobacteriosis) is commonly treated with macrolides and fluoroquinolones, the emergence of antibiotic resistance among C. jejuni warrants the need for an alternative approach to control campylobacteriosis in humans. To this end, vaccines remain a safe, effective, and widely accepted strategy for controlling emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. In search of a suitable vaccine against campylobacteriosis, recently, we demonstrated the potential of recombinant Haemolysin co-regulated protein (Hcp) of C. jejuni Type VI secretion system (T6SS) in imparting significant immune-protection against cecal colonization of C. jejuni; however, in the avian model. Since clinical features of human campylobacteriosis are more complicated than the avians, we explored the potential of Hcp as a T6SS targeted vaccine in a murine model as a more reliable and reproducible experimental host to study vaccine-induced immune-protection against C. jejuni. Because C. jejuni primarily utilizes the mucosal route for host pathogenesis, we analyzed the immunogenicity of a mucosally deliverable bioengineered Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Lactococcus lactis (L. lactis), expressing Hcp. Considering the role of Hcp in both structural (membrane-bound) and functional (effector protein) exhibition of C. jejuni T6SS, a head-to-head comparison of two different forms of recombinant LAB vectors (cell wall anchored and secreted form of Hcp) were tested and assessed for the immune phenotypes of each modality in BALB/c mice. Results We show that regardless of the Hcp protein localization, mucosal delivery of bioengineered LAB vector expressing Hcp induced high-level production of antigen-specific neutralizing antibody (sIgA) in the gut with the potential to reduce the cecal load of C. jejuni in mice. Conclusion Together with the non-commensal nature of L. lactis, short gut transit time in humans, and the ability to express the heterologous protein in the gut, the present study highlights the benefits of bioengineered LAB vectors based mucosal vaccine modality against C. jejuni without the risk of immunotolerance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13099-021-00444-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Gorain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Afruja Khan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Ankita Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Samiran Mondal
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Belgachia, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700037, India
| | - Amirul Islam Mallick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741246, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pogreba-Brown K, Austhof E, Tang X, Trejo MJ, Owusu-Dommey A, Boyd K, Armstrong A, Schaefer K, Bazaco MC, Batz M, Riddle M, Porter C. Enteric Pathogens and Reactive Arthritis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Pathogen-Associated Reactive Arthritis. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2021; 18:627-639. [PMID: 34255548 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2020.2910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the proportion of postinfectious reactive arthritis (ReA) after bacterial enteric infection from one of four selected pathogens. We collected studies from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, which assessed the proportion of postinfectious ReA published from January 1, 2000 to April 1, 2018. Papers were screened independently by title, abstract, and full text; papers in English, Spanish, and Portuguese utilizing a case-control (CC) or cohort study design, with a laboratory confirmed or probable acute bacterial enteric infection and subsequent ReA, were included. The proportion of ReA cases was pooled between and across pathogens. Factors that can induce study heterogeneity were explored using univariate meta-regression, including region, sample size, study design, and ReA case ascertainment. Twenty-four articles were included in the final review. The estimated percentage of cases across studies describing Campylobacter-associated ReA (n = 11) was 1.71 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49-5.84%); Salmonella (n = 17) was 3.9 (95% CI 1.6-9.1%); Shigella (n = 6) was 1.0 (95% CI 0.2-4.9%); and Yersinia (n = 7) was 3.4 (95% CI 0.8-13.7%). Combining all four pathogens, the estimated percentage of cases that developed ReA was 2.6 (95% CI 1.5-4.7%). Due to high heterogeneity reflected by high I2 values, results should be interpreted with caution. However, the pooled proportion developing ReA from studies with sample sizes (N) <1000 were higher compared with N > 1000 (6% vs. 0.3%), retrospective cohort studies were lower (1.1%) compared with CC or prospective cohorts (6.8% and 5.9%, respectively), and those where ReA cases are identified through medical record review were lower (0.3%) than those identified by a specialist (3.9%) or self-report (12%). The estimated percentage of people who developed ReA after infection with Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, or Yersinia is relatively low (2.6). In the United States, this estimate would result in 84,480 new cases of ReA annually.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Pogreba-Brown
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Erika Austhof
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Mario J Trejo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Ama Owusu-Dommey
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Kylie Boyd
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Alexandra Armstrong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Kenzie Schaefer
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Michael Batz
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark Riddle
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Chad Porter
- Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Taniguchi Y, Nishikawa H, Yoshida T, Terada Y, Tada K, Tamura N, Kobayashi S. Expanding the spectrum of reactive arthritis (ReA): classic ReA and infection-related arthritis including poststreptococcal ReA, Poncet's disease, and iBCG-induced ReA. Rheumatol Int 2021; 41:1387-1398. [PMID: 33939015 PMCID: PMC8091991 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-021-04879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive arthritis (ReA) is a form of sterile arthritis that occurs secondary to an extra-articular infection in genetically predisposed individuals. The extra-articular infection is typically an infection of the gastrointestinal tract or genitourinary tract. Infection-related arthritis is a sterile arthritis associated with streptococcal tonsillitis, extra-articular tuberculosis, or intravesical instillation of bacillus Calmette–Guérin (iBCG) therapy for bladder cancer. These infection-related arthritis diagnoses are often grouped with ReA based on the pathogenic mechanism. However, the unique characteristics of these entities may be masked by a group classification. Therefore, we reviewed the clinical characteristics of classic ReA, poststreptococcal ReA, Poncet’s disease, and iBCG-induced ReA. Considering the diversity in triggering microbes, infection sites, and frequency of HLA-B27, these are different disorders. However, the clinical symptoms and intracellular parasitism pathogenic mechanism among classic ReA and infection-related arthritis entities are similar. Therefore, poststreptococcal ReA, Poncet’s disease, and iBCG-induced ReA could be included in the expanding spectrum of ReA, especially based on the pathogenic mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Taniguchi
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Nankoku, 783-8505, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Nishikawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Nankoku, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yoshida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chikamori Hospital, Kochi, Japan
| | - Yoshio Terada
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Nankoku, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Kurisu Tada
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Tamura
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeto Kobayashi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dahl LG, Joensen KG, Østerlund MT, Kiil K, Nielsen EM. Prediction of antimicrobial resistance in clinical Campylobacter jejuni isolates from whole-genome sequencing data. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 40:673-682. [PMID: 32974772 PMCID: PMC7979593 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-020-04043-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is recognised as the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in industrialised countries. Although the majority of Campylobacter infections are self-limiting, antimicrobial treatment is necessary in severe cases. Therefore, the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Campylobacter is a growing public health challenge and surveillance of AMR is important for bacterial disease control. The aim of this study was to predict antimicrobial resistance in C. jejuni from whole-genome sequencing data. A total of 516 clinical C. jejuni isolates collected between 2014 and 2017 were subjected to WGS. Resistance phenotypes were determined by standard broth dilution, categorising isolates as either susceptible or resistant based on epidemiological cutoffs for six antimicrobials: ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, erythromycin, gentamicin, streptomycin, and tetracycline. Resistance genotypes were identified using an in-house database containing reference genes with known point mutations and the presence of resistance genes was determined using the ResFinder database and four bioinformatical methods (modified KMA, ABRicate, ARIBA, and ResFinder Batch Upload). We identified seven resistance genes including tet(O), tet(O/32/O), ant(6)-Ia, aph(2″)-If, blaOXA, aph(3')-III, and cat as well as mutations in three genes: gyrA, 23S rRNA, and rpsL. There was a high correlation between phenotypic resistance and the presence of known resistance genes and/or point mutations. A correlation above 98% was seen for all antimicrobials except streptomycin with a correlation of 92%. In conclusion, we found that WGS can predict antimicrobial resistance with a high degree of accuracy and have the potential to be a powerful tool for AMR surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Gade Dahl
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mark Thomas Østerlund
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Kiil
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Møller Nielsen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Majowicz SE, Panagiotoglou D, Taylor M, Gohari MR, Kaplan GG, Chaurasia A, Leatherdale ST, Cook RJ, Patrick DM, Ethelberg S, Galanis E. Determining the long-term health burden and risk of sequelae for 14 foodborne infections in British Columbia, Canada: protocol for a retrospective population-based cohort study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036560. [PMID: 32868357 PMCID: PMC7462161 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over one in eight Canadians is affected by a foodborne infection annually; however, the long-term consequences, including the risks and costs of sequelae, are unclear. We aim to estimate the health burden and direct costs of 14 infections commonly transmitted by food, considering the acute illness and subsequent sequelae and mortality, for the population of British Columbia, Canada (~4.7 million). METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will conduct a population-based retrospective cohort study of the British Columbia provincial population, over a 10-year study period (1 January 2005 to 31 December 2014). Exposure is defined as a provincially reported illness caused by Clostridium botulinum, Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, Giardia, hepatitis A virus, Listeria, non-typhoidal Salmonella spp, Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Paratyphi, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Shigella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus or Yersinia (excluding pestis). We will link individual-level longitudinal data from eight province-wide administrative health and reportable disease databases that include physician visits, hospitalisations and day surgeries, deaths, stillbirths, prescription medications (except those to treat HIV) and reportable foodborne diseases. Using these linked databases, we will investigate the likelihood of various sequelae and death. Hazard models will be used to estimate the risk of outcomes and their association with the type of foodborne infection. Epidemiological analyses will be conducted to determine the progression of illness and the fraction of sequelae attributable to specific foodborne infections. Economic analyses will assess the consequent direct healthcare costs. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been approved by a University of Waterloo Research Ethics Committee (no 30645), the University of British Columbia Behavioral Research Ethics Board (no H16-00021) and McGill University's Institutional Review Board (no A03-M12-19A). Results will be disseminated via presentations to academics, public health practitioners and knowledge users, and publication in peer-reviewed journals. Where such publications are not open access, manuscripts will also be available via the University of Waterloo's Institutional Repository (https://uwspace.uwaterloo.ca).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E Majowicz
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dimitra Panagiotoglou
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marsha Taylor
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mahmood R Gohari
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gilaad G Kaplan
- Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ashok Chaurasia
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard J Cook
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - David M Patrick
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steen Ethelberg
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Global Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eleni Galanis
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gupta N, Kumar A. Designing an efficient multi-epitope vaccine against Campylobacter jejuni using immunoinformatics and reverse vaccinology approach. Microb Pathog 2020; 147:104398. [PMID: 32771659 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacterjejuni causes acute diarrhea as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children especially in the developing countries of Asia and Africa. C.jejuni has been identified as a member of the priority pathogens category due to the sudden emergence of multidrug-resistant isolates. Therefore, it is important to develop a protective vaccine against this pathogen. In the present study, the Reverse vaccinology approach was used to identify vaccine targets from the proteome of diarrheagenic C. jejuni strain NCTC11168 for the development of chimeric vaccine candidates against C. jejuni. Pathogen proteins that have adhesin like properties and role in virulence but not present in the human host were selected for the design of a multi-epitope vaccine. MHC class I & II and B-cell epitopes present in the selected vaccine target proteins were screened using different immunoinformatics tools. The commonly predicted epitopes from their corresponding different servers were selected and further shortlisted based on their immunogenicity, antigenicity, and toxicity analysis. Shortlisted peptides were joined by GPGPG linkers to design a multi-epitope vaccine construct. Immune-modulating adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid sequence was added with the vaccine construct's N terminal using EAAAK linkers to enhance the immunogenicity. The designed vaccine construct was evaluated by antigenicity, allergenicity, solubility, and physicochemical analysis using various bioinformatics tools. A three-dimensional model of vaccine construct was modeled by the Phyre2 server and refinement by the GalaxyRefine tool. Constructed model quality was validated by the ProSA-web error-detection tool and the Ramachandran plot. After that vaccine model was docked with TLR-4 protein and complex stability confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation studies. Finally, In-silico cloning of vaccine constructs into a vector was performed to ensuring its effective expression in the microbial system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nayan Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Rama University Uttar Pradesh, Kanpur, 209217, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Rama University Uttar Pradesh, Kanpur, 209217, India.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tuompo R, Lääveri T, Hannu T, Pakkanen SH, Kirveskari J, Leirisalo-Repo M, Kantele A. Reactive arthritis and other musculoskeletal symptoms associated with acquisition of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC). Ann Rheum Dis 2020; 79:605-611. [PMID: 32179576 PMCID: PMC7213310 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Using a prospective research design, we evaluated the association between acquisition of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) and development of reactive arthritis (ReA) and other reactive musculoskeletal (MSK) symptoms among international travellers. Methods A total of 526 study participants were asked to provide pretravel and post-travel stool samples and fill in questionnaires (pretravel, post-travel and 3-week follow-up). A multiplex quantitative PCR assay was deployed to detect five DEC comprising enteroaggregative E. coli, enteropathogenic E. coli, enterotoxigenic E. coli, enterohaemorrhagic E. coli and enteroinvasive E. coli and Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, and Vibrio cholerae. Multivariate analysis was employed to identify factors predisposing to MSK symptoms. New post-travel MSK symptoms reported by participants with DEC were assessed by phone interviews and, if needed, clinically confirmed. Results From among the total of 224 volunteers who returned all questionnaires and stool specimens, 38 (17.0%) reported MSK symptoms. Multivariate analysis revealed that acquisition of DEC was associated with MSK symptoms (OR 3.9; 95% CI 1.2 to 13.3). Of the 151 with only-DEC, four (2.6%) had ReA, two (1.3%) reactive tendinitis and three (2.0%) reactive arthralgia. ReA was mostly mild, and all patients with ReA were negative for human leucocyte antigen B27. Antibiotic treatment of travellers’ diarrhoea did not prevent development of MSK symptoms. Conclusion A total of 17% of volunteers reported post-travel MSK symptoms. DEC acquisition was associated with an increased risk of developing them, yet the ReA incidence remained low and the clinical picture mild. Antibiotic treatment did not protect against development of MSK symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riitta Tuompo
- Inflammation Center, Department of Rheumatology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tinja Lääveri
- Inflammation Center, Department of Infectious diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Hannu
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari H Pakkanen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Kirveskari
- Department of Bacteriology, Helsinki University Hospital Laboratory, Helsinki, Finland.,Mobidiag Ltd, Espoo, Finland
| | - Marjatta Leirisalo-Repo
- Inflammation Center, Department of Rheumatology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu Kantele
- Inflammation Center, Department of Infectious diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Research Note: Lyophilization of hyperimmune egg yolk: effect on antibody titer and protection of broilers against Campylobacter colonization. Poult Sci 2020; 99:2157-2161. [PMID: 32241501 PMCID: PMC7102654 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral administration of antibodies is a promising strategy against various infectious diseases. Previously, it was demonstrated that passive immunization by providing hyperimmune egg yolk through the feed reduces Campylobacter jejuni colonization in broilers. Campylobacteriosis is the most commonly reported bacterial foodborne zoonosis worldwide, and poultry products are the number one origin of these bacteria for human infection. To date, no effective control measures exist to limit Campylobacter colonization in the chicken's intestinal tract. Here, the effect of lyophilization of hyperimmune egg yolk on protection of broilers against C. jejuni was investigated. During an in vivo trial, broiler chickens were prophylactically given feed with lyophilized hyperimmune or non-immunized egg yolk powder starting from day 1 after hatch. At day 11, broilers were inoculated with C. jejuni according to a seeder model. Five days later, all broilers were euthanized and cecal content was examined for C. jejuni colonization. No decrease in C. jejuni colonization was found. The freeze-drying resulted in a 16-fold decrease of the antibody titer in the yolk powder compared to the fresh yolks, presumably caused by structural changes in the antibodies. In conclusion, applying freeze-dried hyperimmune egg yolk failed to protect broilers against C. jejuni colonization, possibly because lyophilization affected the antibodies' functionality.
Collapse
|
21
|
Pogreba-Brown K, Austhof E, Armstrong A, Schaefer K, Villa Zapata L, McClelland DJ, Batz MB, Kuecken M, Riddle M, Porter CK, Bazaco MC. Chronic Gastrointestinal and Joint-Related Sequelae Associated with Common Foodborne Illnesses: A Scoping Review. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2020; 17:67-86. [DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2019.2692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Pogreba-Brown
- Epidemiology & Biostatistics Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Erika Austhof
- Epidemiology & Biostatistics Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Alexandra Armstrong
- Epidemiology & Biostatistics Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Kenzie Schaefer
- Epidemiology & Biostatistics Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Lorenzo Villa Zapata
- Epidemiology & Biostatistics Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | | | - Maria Kuecken
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland
| | - Mark Riddle
- Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Porter CK, Riddle MS, Laird RM, Loza M, Cole S, Gariepy C, Alcala A, Gutierréz R, Baribaud F, Rao NL, Nagpal S. Cohort profile of a US military population for evaluating pre-disease and disease serological biomarkers in rheumatoid and reactive arthritis: Rationale, organization, design, and baseline characteristics. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2020; 17:100522. [PMID: 31989058 PMCID: PMC6971336 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The etiology of several autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, remains unknown. While there are clear phases of disease progression, the mechanisms of transition between these phases are poorly understood. Additionally, treatment focuses on an alteration of the biological processes to prevent joint damage and functional decline. A goal is to potentially treat the disease during the preclinical phase to mitigate the disease process. Reactive arthritis is another rheumatologic condition known to be secondary to a distal infection. While prevention of infection would mitigate risk, serologic profiling patients with the disease may assist in the elucidation of potential disease risk factors. This study was initiated to enable an assessment of pre-disease biomarkers in patients newly diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and reactive arthritis. Participants A retrospective cohort of 500 rheumatoid and 500 reactive arthritis cases with 500 matched controls was drawn from a population of active component US military personnel. Appropriate inclusion criteria limited subject selection. Additionally, 4 serum samples (3 pre-disease and 1 disease-associated) were obtained for each case and control. Findings to date The established cohort provides the framework for novel exploration of the host response through serum profiling and seroepidemiology prior to disease onset. Future plans This study establishes the framework for the evaluation of novel serum biomarkers enabling the identification of signals prior to clinical disease that may enable disease prediction, elucidate disease pathogenesis and identify novel exposures leading to increased disease risk and/or disease severity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chad K Porter
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Mark S Riddle
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Renee M Laird
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Loza
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Suzanne Cole
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Christina Gariepy
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ashley Alcala
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramiro Gutierréz
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | - Navin L Rao
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Sunil Nagpal
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Highly effective visible light-activated cobalt-doped TiO2 nanoparticles for antibacterial coatings against Campylobacter jejuni. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-019-01193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
24
|
Ford L, Haywood P, Kirk MD, Lancsar E, Williamson DA, Glass K. Cost of Salmonella Infections in Australia, 2015. J Food Prot 2019; 82:1607-1614. [PMID: 31436484 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Gastroenteritis caused from infections with Salmonella enterica (salmonellosis) causes significant morbidity in Australia. In addition to acute gastroenteritis, approximately 8.8% of people develop irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and 8.5% of people develop reactive arthritis (ReA). We estimated the economic cost of salmonellosis and associated sequel illnesses in Australia in a typical year circa 2015. We estimated incidence, hospitalizations, other health care usage, absenteeism, and premature mortality for four age groups using a variety of complementary data sets. We calculated direct costs (health care) and indirect costs (lost productivity and premature mortality) by using Monte Carlo simulation to estimate 90% credible intervals (CrI) around our point estimates. We estimated that 90,833 cases, 4,312 hospitalizations, and 19 deaths occurred from salmonellosis in Australia circa 2015 at a direct cost of AUD 23.8 million (90% CrI, 19.3 to 28.9 million) and a total cost of AUD 124.4 million (90% CrI, 107.4 to 143.1 million). When IBS and ReA were included, the estimated direct cost was 35.7 million (90% CrI, 29.9 to 42.7 million) and the total cost was AUD 146.8 million (90% CrI, 127.8 to 167.9 million). Foodborne infections were responsible for AUD 88.9 million (90% CrI, 63.9 to 112.4 million) from acute salmonellosis and AUD 104.8 million (90% CrI, 75.5 to 132.3 million) when IBS and ReA were included. Targeted interventions to prevent illness could considerably reduce costs and societal impact from Salmonella infections and sequel illnesses in Australia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ford
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Philip Haywood
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Martyn D Kirk
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Emily Lancsar
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6253-9672 [L.F.])
| | - Deborah A Williamson
- Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kathryn Glass
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Johansson C, Nilsson A, Kaden R, Rautelin H. Differences in virulence gene expression between human blood and stool Campylobacter coli clade 1 ST828CC isolates. Gut Pathog 2019; 11:42. [PMID: 31388358 PMCID: PMC6669978 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-019-0322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Campylobacter colonise the gastrointestinal tract of warm-blooded animals and are major enteropathogens in humans. C. coli is less common than C. jejuni and accounts for about 10% of the total number of Campylobacter infections although the two species seem to share many virulence determinants. Campylobacter bacteraemia is rare, estimated to occur in less than 1% of the infections, and the exact mechanisms regulating the progression of the infection from the gastrointestinal tract to the blood stream are unclear. Here, we looked at the contribution of C. coli to Campylobacter infections and further compared various virulence traits in C. coli clade 1 blood and stool isolates. RESULTS We assessed the numbers of C. jejuni and C. coli among typed isolates in the PubMLST database and found that C. coli accounted for 25.9% of blood isolates, but only 8.9% of the stool isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of 128 C. coli clade 1 whole genome sequences deposited to NCBI revealed no specific clustering of the human blood, stool or animal isolates. Of the six C. coli isolates chosen for phenotypic analyses, stool isolates adhered significantly better to human HT-29 colon cancer cells than the blood isolates, while there was no difference in induced IL-8 levels between the isolates. Furthermore, the stool isolates had two- to fourfold higher RNA expression levels of the flpA, ciaB, iamA and cdt virulence genes than the blood isolates. Finally, we looked at the gene structure of the cdtA, B and C toxin genes and found numerous nucleotide additions and deletions disrupting the open reading frames. In contrast to 58% isolates of animal origin, only 38% and 32% of human blood and stool isolates, respectively, had all three cdt genes intact, a prerequisite to produce functional toxins. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals interesting differences between C. coli clade 1 isolates of human and animal origin on one hand, and also between human blood and stool isolates, on the other. The results suggest that C. coli might downregulate and/or inactivate various virulence determinants as the isolates pass from the animal host to the human gastrointestinal tract and enter the human blood stream.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Johansson
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Nilsson
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Present Address: Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - René Kaden
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hilpi Rautelin
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Vandeputte J, Martel A, Canessa S, Van Rysselberghe N, De Zutter L, Heyndrickx M, Haesebrouck F, Pasmans F, Garmyn A. Reducing Campylobacter jejuni colonization in broiler chickens by in-feed supplementation with hyperimmune egg yolk antibodies. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8931. [PMID: 31222043 PMCID: PMC6586802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45380-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter infections sourced mainly to poultry products, are the most important bacterial foodborne zoonoses worldwide. No effective measures to control these infections in broiler production exist to date. Here, we used passive immunization with hyperimmune egg yolks to confer broad protection of broilers against Campylobacter infection. Two novel vaccines, a bacterin of thirteen Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) and C. coli strains and a subunit vaccine of six immunodominant Campylobacter antigens, were used for the immunization of layers, resulting in high and prolonged levels of specific immunoglobulin Y (IgY) in the hens' yolks. In the first in vivo trial, yolks (sham, bacterin or subunit vaccine derived) were administered prophylactically in the broiler feed. Both the bacterin- and subunit vaccine-induced IgY significantly reduced the number of Campylobacter-colonized broilers. In the second in vivo trial, the yolks were administered therapeutically during three days before euthanasia. The bacterin IgY resulted in a significant decrease in C. jejuni counts per infected bird. The hyperimmune yolks showed strong reactivity to a broad representation of C. jejuni and C. coli clonal complexes. These results indicate that passive immunization with hyperimmune yolks, especially bacterin derived, offers possibilities to control Campylobacter colonization in poultry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmien Vandeputte
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - An Martel
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Stefano Canessa
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Van Rysselberghe
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Lieven De Zutter
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Marc Heyndrickx
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology & Food Sciences Unit, Brusselsesteenweg 370, B9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Freddy Haesebrouck
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Frank Pasmans
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - An Garmyn
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lackner J, Weiss M, Müller-Graf C, Greiner M. The disease burden associated with Campylobacter spp. in Germany, 2014. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216867. [PMID: 31091282 PMCID: PMC6519833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria of the genus Campylobacter are an important cause of human illness worldwide. Campylobacter infections are expressed as gastroenteritis and can lead to severe sequelae like reactive arthritis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease. In Germany, Campylobacter-associated gastroenteritis cases are notifiable but there is no reporting obligation for the sequelaes and the disease burden is clearly underestimated. The aim of our study was to quantify reliably the current disease burden of all Campylobacter spp.-associated diseases for Germany with the method of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). DALYs combine mortality and morbidity in a single summary measure, whereby one DALY represents the loss of one year in full health. For acute gastroenteritis, we estimated 967 DALYs of which only 484 DALYs were detected within the reporting system. Overall, we estimated that 8811 DALYs were caused by the campylobacter-related diseases known so far. 98% of the DALYs were associated with morbidity and 2% with mortality. Mortality was caused by the health outcomes Gastroenteritis and Guillain-Barré syndrome exclusively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lackner
- Department of Exposure, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Weiss
- Department of Exposure, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Greiner
- Department of Exposure, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Monge S, Pijnacker R, van Pelt W, Franz E, Kortbeek LM, Mangen MJJ. Accounting for long-term manifestations of Cryptosporidium spp infection in burden of disease and cost-of-illness estimations, the Netherlands (2013-2017). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213752. [PMID: 30861047 PMCID: PMC6413911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Burden of disease (BoD) estimations are increasingly used to prioritize public health interventions. Previous Cryptosporidium BoD models accounted only for acute episodes, while there is increasing evidence of long-term manifestations. Our objective was to update Cryptosporidium BoD and cost-of-illness (COI) models and to estimate BoD and COI for the Netherlands in years 2013–2017. Methods We performed a scoping literature review and drew an outcome tree including long-term manifestations for which sufficient evidence was found, such as recurrent diarrhea and joint pain. We chose the Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY) metric to synthesize years of life lost due mortality (YLLs) and years lived with disability due to non-fatal outcomes (YLDs). For the costs, we adopted a societal perspective accounting for direct healthcare costs, patient costs and productivity losses. Uncertainty was managed using Latin Hypercube sampling (30,000 iterations). Results In the Netherlands in 2017, we estimated 50,000 Cryptosporidium cases (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 15,000–102,000), 7,000 GP visits, 300 hospitalizations and 3 deaths, resulting in 137 DALYs (95%UI: 54–255) and €19.2 million COI (95%UI: €7.2 million– €36.2 million). Estimates were highest for 2016 (218 DALYs and €31.1 million in COI), and lowest in 2013 (100 DALYs and €13.8 million in COI). Most of the BoD was attributable to YLD (≈80% of DALYs). The most important cost was productivity losses (≈90% of total COI). Long-term manifestations, including recurring diarrhea and joint pain, accounted for 9% of the total DALYs and 7% of the total COI. Conclusion Current evidence supports the inclusion of long-term manifestations in Cryptosporidium models, which contribute close to 10% of the total DALYs and costs. This may be an underestimation, as we were conservative in our assumptions. Cryptosporidium should be considered a priority organism with respect to public health surveillance, even in industrialized countries with high hygiene standards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Monge
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
- European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Roan Pijnacker
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Wilfrid van Pelt
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Eelco Franz
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Laetitia M. Kortbeek
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Marie-Josée J. Mangen
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Johansson C, Nilsson A, Kaden R, Rautelin H. Campylobacter coli Clade 3 Isolates Induce Rapid Cell Death In Vitro. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:e02993-18. [PMID: 30578266 PMCID: PMC6384112 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02993-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter bacteria are major human enteropathogens. Campylobacter coli shows less genetic diversity than C. jejuni and clusters into three clades, of which clade 1 includes most human and farm animal isolates, while environmental C. coli isolates mainly belong to clades 2 and 3. Recently, we sequenced the whole genomes of eight C. coli clade 2 and 3 isolates cultivated from water, and here we studied their interaction with human HT-29 colon cancer cells compared to that of clinical clade 1 isolates. All C. coli clade 3 isolates already caused cell necrosis 1 to 2 h after inoculation, whereas none of the clade 1 and 2 isolates analyzed induced cell death. Isolates from clades 2 and 3 adhered to epithelial cells better than clade 1 isolates, but all isolates induced similar levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8). Alignment and phylogenetic analysis of the translated putative virulence genes cadF, flpA, iamA, ciaB, and ceuE revealed clade-specific protein sequence variations, with clade 1 and 2 sequences being more closely related and clade 3 sequences being further apart, in general. Moreover, when RNA levels were measured, clade 3 isolates showed significantly lower levels of expression of cadF, iamA, and ceuE than clade 2 isolates, while flpA expression levels were higher in clade 3 isolates. The cytolethal distending toxin genes were also expressed in clades 2 and 3, although there was no difference between clades. Our findings demonstrate differences between the effects of C. coli clade 1, 2, and 3 isolates on human cells and suggest that C. coli clade 3 might be more virulent than clade 2 due to the observed cytotoxicity.IMPORTANCECampylobacter coli is a common zoonotic cause of gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. The majority of infections are caused by C. coli clade 1 isolates, whereas infections due to clade 2 and 3 isolates are rare. Whether this depends on a low prevalence of clade 2 and 3 isolates in reservoirs important for human infections or their lower ability to cause human disease is unknown. Here, we studied the effects of C. coli clade 2 and 3 isolates on a human cell line. These isolates adhered to human cells to a higher degree than clinical clade 1 isolates. Furthermore, we could show that C. coli clade 3 isolates rapidly induced cell death, suggesting differences in the virulence of C. coli The exact mechanism of cell death remains to be revealed, but selected genes showed interesting clade-specific expression patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Johansson
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Nilsson
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - René Kaden
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hilpi Rautelin
- Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Singh A, Mallick AI. Role of putative virulence traits of Campylobacter jejuni in regulating differential host immune responses. J Microbiol 2019; 57:298-309. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-019-8165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
31
|
Enhanced Systemic Response of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Regulators in Campylobacter and Salmonella Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2018; 8:diagnostics8040082. [PMID: 30551610 PMCID: PMC6315616 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics8040082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacters are major enteropathogens worldwide with a substantial financial burden. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic metalloendopeptidases with ability to modify immune response and shown to be upregulated in patients with several tissue destructive diseases, including infections. We measured here serum concentrations of MMP-8 and MMP-9 together with their regulators myeloperoxidase (MPO), human neutrophil elastase (HNE), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 in 80 Campylobacter and 25 Salmonella patients as well as in 27 healthy controls. Paired serum samples were available for 73 and 23 patients, respectively. When the initial serum samples were compared to those from controls, both Campylobacter and Salmonella patients showed elevated concentrations of all biomarkers tested (p ≤ 0.037). In the follow-up samples, collected about 25 days afterwards, MMP-8 levels of Campylobacter patients had already turned to normal but all the other biomarkers still showed elevated, although from the initial levels significantly dropped, levels. For the follow-up samples of Salmonella patients, only MMP-9 and MPO levels were at a significantly higher level than in controls. It remains to be studied if the systematically enhanced neutrophil-derived proteolytic and oxidative stress, induced by Campylobacter infection as shown here and persisting for several weeks, is important for the development of late sequelae.
Collapse
|
32
|
Enck P, Mazurak N. The "Biology-First" Hypothesis: Functional disorders may begin and end with biology-A scoping review. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13394. [PMID: 29956418 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
While it is generally accepted that gastrointestinal infections can cause functional disturbances in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract-known as postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) and functional dyspepsia (PI-FD)-it has still not been widely recognized that such an infection can also initiate functional non-intestinal diseases, and that non-intestinal infections can provoke both intestinal and non-intestinal functional disturbances. We conducted a scoping review of the respective literature and-on the basis of these data-hypothesize that medically unexplained functional symptoms and syndromes following an infection may have a biological (genetic, endocrine, microbiological) origin, and that psychological and social factors, which may contribute to the disease "phenotype," are secondary to this biological cause. If this holds true, then the search for psychological and social theories and factors to explain why one patient develops a chronic functional disorder while another does not is-at least for postinfectious states-misleading and detracts from exploring and identifying the true origins of these essentially biological disorders. The biopsychosocial model may, as the term implies, always begin with biology, also for functional (somatoform) disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Enck
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - N Mazurak
- Department of Internal Medicine VI, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Barrett E, Carr D, Bell ML, Pogreba-Brown K. Post-infectious sequelae after Campylobacter enteric infection: a pilot study in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2018; 4:142. [PMID: 30151236 PMCID: PMC6103860 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-018-0335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Campylobacter is a leading cause of gastroenteritis across the globe caused by the ingestion of contaminated food, water, or contact with animals carrying Campylobacter bacteria. The resulting disease, campylobacteriosis, is usually self-limiting, but cases may develop post-infectious sequelae (PIS) such as gastrointestinal disorders, neurological disorders, and joint disorders. The objective of this study was to estimate a crude incidence rate for PIS among Campylobacter cases in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA and to determine the feasibility of conducting a larger scale study to understand chronic outcomes from campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis. METHODS The pilot study spanned from August 1, 2016, to August 31, 2017. During this time, cases of campylobacteriosis were reported to the Maricopa County Department of Public Health and interviewed by public health students at the University of Arizona. Initial interviews were conducted using a routine enteric surveillance questionnaire, and eligible cases were recruited and consented into the pilot study. Follow-up with a questionnaire occurred 4 to 6 weeks from the date of each case's initial interview. Data analysis was conducted using STATA SE 14 and included chi-squared tests to determine differences in demographics, symptoms, and exposures between those enrolled in the study and those eligible but not enrolled during the study period and feasibility metrics for the study including enrollment rates, response rates, time to interview, and reasons for non-enrollment. Crude rates with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to estimate PIS. RESULTS Of the routine surveillance cases, 102 (36%) enrolled into the pilot study. Of enrolled participants, 68.6% completed the follow-up questionnaire. Most enrolled participants were non-Hispanic White, male, and aged 60 + years. Over half (52.8%, 95% CI 41.1%, 64.5%) of cases experienced PIS approximately 4 to 6 weeks after acute onset of campylobacteriosis. CONCLUSIONS Results from this pilot study indicate that a larger study is feasible. The larger study will identify the true incidence of PIS and improve the management of patient health among ethnically diverse populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Barrett
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA
| | - Dametreea Carr
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA
| | - Melanie L Bell
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA
| | - Kristen Pogreba-Brown
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, 1295 N Martin Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu F, Ma R, Wang Y, Zhang L. The Clinical Importance of Campylobacter concisus and Other Human Hosted Campylobacter Species. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:243. [PMID: 30087857 PMCID: PMC6066527 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, Campylobacteriosis has been considered to be zoonotic; the Campylobacter species that cause human acute intestinal disease such as Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli originate from animals. Over the past decade, studies on human hosted Campylobacter species strongly suggest that Campylobacter concisus plays a role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). C. concisus primarily colonizes the human oral cavity and some strains can be translocated to the intestinal tract. Genome analysis of C. concisus strains isolated from saliva samples has identified a bacterial marker that is associated with active Crohn's disease (one major form of IBD). In addition to C. concisus, humans are also colonized by a number of other Campylobacter species, most of which are in the oral cavity. Here we review the most recent advancements on C. concisus and other human hosted Campylobacter species including their clinical relevance, transmission, virulence factors, disease associated genes, interactions with the human immune system and pathogenic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rena Ma
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yiming Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Maertens de Noordhout C, Devleesschauwer B, Haagsma JA, Havelaar AH, Bertrand S, Vandenberg O, Quoilin S, Brandt PT, Speybroeck N. Burden of salmonellosis, campylobacteriosis and listeriosis: a time series analysis, Belgium, 2012 to 2020. Euro Surveill 2017; 22:30615. [PMID: 28935025 PMCID: PMC5709949 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2017.22.38.30615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonellosis, campylobacteriosis and listeriosis are food-borne diseases. We estimated and forecasted the number of cases of these three diseases in Belgium from 2012 to 2020, and calculated the corresponding number of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The salmonellosis time series was fitted with a Bai and Perron two-breakpoint model, while a dynamic linear model was used for campylobacteriosis and a Poisson autoregressive model for listeriosis. The average monthly number of cases of salmonellosis was 264 (standard deviation (SD): 86) in 2012 and predicted to be 212 (SD: 87) in 2020; campylobacteriosis case numbers were 633 (SD: 81) and 1,081 (SD: 311); listeriosis case numbers were 5 (SD: 2) in 2012 and 6 (SD: 3) in 2014. After applying correction factors, the estimated DALYs for salmonellosis were 102 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 8-376) in 2012 and predicted to be 82 (95% UI: 6-310) in 2020; campylobacteriosis DALYs were 1,019 (95% UI: 137-3,181) and 1,736 (95% UI: 178-5,874); listeriosis DALYs were 208 (95% UI: 192-226) in 2012 and 252 (95% UI: 200-307) in 2014. New actions are needed to reduce the risk of food-borne infection with Campylobacter spp. because campylobacteriosis incidence may almost double through 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brecht Devleesschauwer
- Department of Public Health and Surveillance, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Arie H Havelaar
- Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States
| | - Sophie Bertrand
- Department of Public Health and Surveillance, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Sophie Quoilin
- Department of Public Health and Surveillance, Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Niko Speybroeck
- Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Tuompo R, Hannu T, Huovinen E, Sihvonen L, Siitonen A, Leirisalo-Repo M. Yersinia enterocolitica biotype 1A: a possible new trigger of reactive arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2017; 37:1863-1869. [PMID: 28918489 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-017-3816-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica (YE) biotype 1A is generally considered non-pathogenic, and the role of it in causing reactive musculoskeletal complications is unclear. We evaluated the capability of YE biotype 1A to induce reactive arthritis (ReA) and other reactive musculoskeletal symptoms. Analysis of self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms was supplemented with a telephone interview (with a permission to acquire copies of patient files from a local physician or hospital) and/or clinical examination of subjects with recent musculoskeletal symptoms after a positive stool culture for YE. The diagnoses of ReA and reactive tendinitis and enthesitis (ReTe) were defined as "definite" when based on clinical examination and/or on interview by phone and "probable" when based solely on the questionnaire. Of 120 subjects, who reported musculoskeletal symptoms, 100 were included in the final analysis. Among these 100 patients, 68% had YE biotype 1A, 16% YE bio/serotype 4, and 1% biotype 2 infection; the remaining 15% had different YE-like strains or a non-biotypable strain. Of the 21 patients with ReA and of the 14 patients with ReTe, the diagnosis was definite in 9 and 7 patients and probable in 12 and 7 patients, respectively. The clinical picture of ReA caused by YE biotype 1A was similar with other bio/serotypes of YE. The definite ReA due to YE biotype 1A occurred in middle-aged adults (5 men, 4 women) with the most frequently affected joints being the knees and ankles. We suggest that YE biotype 1A should be taken into account as a new trigger of ReA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riitta Tuompo
- Rheumatology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. .,Department of Rheumatology, Inflammation Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, PO 372, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Timo Hannu
- Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisa Huovinen
- Epidemiologic Surveillance and Response Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leila Sihvonen
- Bacteriology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anja Siitonen
- Bacteriology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lianou A, Panagou EZ, Nychas GJE. Meat Safety—I Foodborne Pathogens and Other Biological Issues. LAWRIE´S MEAT SCIENCE 2017. [PMCID: PMC7152306 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-100694-8.00017-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This chapter presents information pertinent to foodborne pathogens (bacteria and bacterial toxins, viruses, parasites) and other biological issues (prions) with importance to the safety of meat and meat products. Aspects covered refer mainly to the characteristics of the most important pathogenic organisms, their distribution in the environment, their transmission routes to humans, as well as their epidemiology and association with sporadic or epidemic foodborne illness. Current and emerging challenges to meat safety management also are discussed.
Collapse
|
38
|
Factors Associated with Sequelae of Campylobacter and Non-typhoidal Salmonella Infections: A Systematic Review. EBioMedicine 2016; 15:100-111. [PMID: 27965105 PMCID: PMC5233817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the significant global burden of gastroenteritis and resulting sequelae, there is limited evidence on risk factors for sequelae development. We updated and extended previous systematic reviews by assessing the role of antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and symptom severity in the development of sequelae following campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis. We searched four databases, including PubMed, from 1 January 2011 to 29 April 2016. Observational studies reporting sequelae of reactive arthritis (ReA), Reiter's syndrome (RS), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) following gastroenteritis were included. The primary outcome was incidence of sequelae of interest amongst cases of campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis. A narrative synthesis was conducted where heterogeneity was high. Of the 55 articles included, incidence of ReA (n = 37), RS (n = 5), IBS (n = 12) and GBS (n = 9) were reported following campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis. A pooled summary for each sequela was not estimated due to high level of heterogeneity across studies (I2 > 90%). PPI usage and symptoms were sparsely reported. Three out of seven studies found a statistically significant association between antibiotics usage and development of ReA. Additional primary studies investigating risk modifying factors in sequelae of GI infections are required to enable targeted interventions. There is no clear direction of the association between antibiotics and gastroenteritis triggered reactive arthritis. Precision of genomic methods and increased use of record linkage techniques may provide clarity.
Antibiotics are known to change the gut flora but little is known of their potential to cause complications in patients who have gastroenteritis. We conducted a systematic review of the existing evidence to assess the potential association of antibiotic usage in patients with gastroenteritis and the occurrence of complications such as reactive arthritis (ReA). The available evidence did not indicate a clear direction in the association of antibiotics and ReA. The lack of clarity in the association of antibiotics and ReA raises a call for further primary research on the role of medications in the development of complications of gastroenteritis.
Collapse
|
39
|
Yeh HY, Telli AE, Jagne JF, Benson CL, Hiett KL, Line JE. Epitope mapping of Campylobacter jejuni flagellar capping protein (FliD) by chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) sera. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 49:76-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
40
|
Association between Giardia and arthritis or joint pain in a large health insurance cohort: could it be reactive arthritis? Epidemiol Infect 2016; 145:471-477. [PMID: 27640995 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268816002120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the association between giardiasis and subsequent development of arthritis or joint pain using a retrospective cohort of individuals from a large administrative claims database in the United States. Using 2006-2010 data from MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters, we conducted a retrospective cohort study in people with an ICD-9-CM code for giardiasis (n = 3301) and persons without giardiasis (n = 14 612) individually matched on age, sex, and enrolment length. We used conditional logistic regression to model the association between giardiasis and arthritis or joint pain documented in the 6 months following initial giardiasis diagnosis or index date for matched controls. After adjusting for healthcare utilization rate, giardiasis was associated with a 51% increase in claims for arthritis or joint pain (odds ratio 1·51, 95% confidence interval 1·26-1·80). In age- and sex-stratified adjusted analyses, the association remained significant across all subgroups (age 0-19 years, age 20-64 years, males, and females). Findings from this study lend epidemiological support for the association between giardiasis and subsequent development of arthritis. Reactive arthritis might occur more frequently than has been reported in the literature. Further research is necessary to determine the mechanisms by which giardiasis could lead to arthritis.
Collapse
|
41
|
Intestinal Flora Modification of Arthritis Pattern in Spondyloarthropathy. J Clin Rheumatol 2016; 21:296-9. [PMID: 26267718 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000000279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reactive form of spondyloarthropathy appears inducible by exposure to agents of infectious diarrhea, but do those organisms represent the tip of the iceberg, as indicated by renewed interest in gastrointestinal flora? Prevalence of spondyloarthropathy (20% of chimpanzees [Pan] and 28% of gorillas) is independent of subspecies and species, respectively. However, there are major differences in arthritis patterns, a characteristic shared with humans. OBJECTIVES Do patterns of arthritis correlate with gastrointestinal flora? Could such associated modifications be in the form of disease induction or represent protective effectors (at least against the extent of peripheral arthritis)? METHODS The skeletons of 2 chimpanzee subspecies (79 Pan troglodytes troglodytes and 26 Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) and 2 gorilla species (99 Gorilla gorilla and 38 Gorilla beringei) adults were examined, and arthritis pattern noted. Feces of Eastern (P. schweinfurthii and G. beringei) and Western (great apes collected in their normal ranges) apes were assessed for 16S rRNA c and its character. RESULTS Patterns of arthritis recognized on examination of skeletons showed geographic variation in skeletal distribution. East African apes (P. troglodytes schweinfurthii and G. beringei) had pauciarticular arthritis and frequent sacroiliac disease, whereas West African apes (P. troglodytes troglodytes and G. gorilla) had polyarticular peripheral joint disease with minimal sacroiliac involvement. DNA evidence revealed that Corynebactericeae were prominently represented in great apes with polyarticular disease, whereas Dietzia and Bifidobacterium exposure correlated with reduced peripheral joint arthritis distribution. CONCLUSIONS Suggestions of a protective effect (in this case, limiting extent of peripheral arthritis, but not the disease itself) offered by these organisms are well represented by documented effects in other diseases (eg, tuberculosis) in the zoologic record. Perhaps it is this disease-modifying character that reduces the extent of the peripheral erosive disease, while increasing propensity to axial (sacroiliac) disease. A potential role for probiotic organisms in management of arthritis in humans is suggested, as has been documented for tuberculosis, gastrointestinal disorders, and food allergies.
Collapse
|
42
|
Mortensen NP, Mercier KA, McRitchie S, Cavallo TB, Pathmasiri W, Stewart D, Sumner SJ. Microfluidics meets metabolomics to reveal the impact of Campylobacter jejuni infection on biochemical pathways. Biomed Microdevices 2016; 18:51. [PMID: 27231016 PMCID: PMC4939818 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-016-0076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices that are currently being used in pharmaceutical research also have a significant potential for utilization in investigating exposure to infectious agents. We have established a microfluidic device cultured with Caco-2 cells, and utilized metabolomics to investigate the biochemical responses to the bacterial pathogen Campylobacter jejuni. In the microfluidic devices, Caco-2 cells polarize at day 5, are uniform, have defined brush borders and tight junctions, and form a mucus layer. Metabolomics analysis of cell culture media collected from both Caco-2 cell culture systems demonstrated a more metabolic homogenous biochemical profile in the media collected from microfluidic devices, compared with media collected from transwells. GeneGo pathway mapping indicated that aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis was perturbed by fluid flow, suggesting that fluid dynamics and shear stress impacts the cells translational quality control. Both microfluidic device and transwell culturing systems were used to investigate the impact of Campylobacter jejuni infection on biochemical processes. Caco-2 cells cultured in either system were infected at day 5 with C. jejuni 81-176 for 48 h. Metabolomics analysis clearly differentiated C. jejuni 81-176 infected and non-infected medias collected from the microfluidic devices, and demonstrated that C. jejuni 81-176 infection in microfluidic devices impacts branched-chain amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis. In contrast, no distinction was seen in the biochemical profiles of infected versus non-infected media collected from cells cultured in transwells. Microfluidic culturing conditions demonstrated a more metabolically homogenous cell population, and present the opportunity for studying host-pathogen interactions for extended periods of time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ninell P Mortensen
- Systems and Translational Sciences Discovery - Science - Technology, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - Kelly A Mercier
- Systems and Translational Sciences Discovery - Science - Technology, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, Systems and Translational Sciences, RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709-2194, USA
| | - Susan McRitchie
- Systems and Translational Sciences Discovery - Science - Technology, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, Systems and Translational Sciences, RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709-2194, USA
| | - Tammy B Cavallo
- Systems and Translational Sciences Discovery - Science - Technology, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, Systems and Translational Sciences, RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709-2194, USA
| | - Wimal Pathmasiri
- Systems and Translational Sciences Discovery - Science - Technology, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, Systems and Translational Sciences, RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709-2194, USA
| | - Delisha Stewart
- Systems and Translational Sciences Discovery - Science - Technology, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, Systems and Translational Sciences, RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709-2194, USA
| | - Susan J Sumner
- Systems and Translational Sciences Discovery - Science - Technology, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA.
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, Systems and Translational Sciences, RTI International, 3040 East Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709-2194, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Harvala H, Rosendal T, Lahti E, Engvall EO, Brytting M, Wallensten A, Lindberg A. Epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni infections in Sweden, November 2011-October 2012: is the severity of infection associated with C. jejuni sequence type? Infect Ecol Epidemiol 2016; 6:31079. [PMID: 27059819 PMCID: PMC4826459 DOI: 10.3402/iee.v6.31079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Campylobacter jejuni is among the most frequent causes of bacterial gastroenteritis in Europe. Over 8,000 C. jejuni multilocus sequence typing sequence types (STs) have been described; ST-21 and ST-45 have been identified as the most frequent types in all human studies so far. In contrast to other STs, ST-22 has been associated with the Guillain-Barré syndrome and ST-677 was recently linked to severe systemic infections in Finland. We investigated risk factors associated with hospitalisation in individuals with C. jejuni infections acquired in Sweden. METHODS A total of 1,075 individuals with domestically acquired C. jejuni infection diagnosed between November 2011 and October 2012 in Sweden were included in this retrospective cohort study. Typing data for the isolates as well as clinical data including hospitalisation dates and diagnosis codes for individuals with C. jejuni infection were obtained. Factors associated with hospitalisation and length of hospitalisation were investigated by multivariable analysis. RESULTS A total of 289 individuals were hospitalised due to C. jejuni infection (26.8%); those with co-morbidities were over 14 times more likely to become hospitalised than those without (odds ratio [OR]: 14.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.84-30.26). Those with underlying co-morbidities were also hospitalised longer than those without (4.22 days vs. 2.86 days), although this was not statistically significant. C. jejuni ST-257 (OR: 2.38; CI: 1.08-5.23), but not ST-22 or ST-677, was significantly associated with hospitalisation. CONCLUSION ST-677 was not associated with increased hospitalisation or a longer hospital stay in our study whilst ST-257 was. However, individuals with C. jejuni infections were generally more frequently hospitalised than previously demonstrated; this requires further consideration including possible targeted interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heli Harvala
- Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden
- European Programme for Public Health Microbiology Training (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden; ;
| | | | - Elina Lahti
- National Veterinary Institute of Sweden, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva O Engvall
- National Veterinary Institute of Sweden, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Anders Wallensten
- Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ann Lindberg
- National Veterinary Institute of Sweden, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Jansaento W, Jangpatarapongsa K, Polpanich D, Wonglumsom W. Detection of Campylobacter DNA using magnetic nanoparticles coupled with PCR and a colorimetric end-point system. Food Sci Biotechnol 2016; 25:193-198. [PMID: 30263257 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter is an important food-borne pathogen causing acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Magnetic nanoparticle-based PCR coupled with streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase and a substrate was used for colorimetric detection. Forward primers conjugated to magnetic nanoparticles facilitated separation and concentration of Campylobacter DNA in a sample matrix. After PCR, a green color developed and was observed using the unaided eye, or detected using a spectrophotometer. High specificity and sensitivity of the 100 fg DNA/PCR reaction were achieved in pure culture experiments. The technique was applied for detection of Campylobacter on naturally contaminated chicken skin. All positive results were in agreement with results achieved using a conventional culture method. The magnetic nanoparticle-PCR-enzyme linked gene assay was practical and useful for detection of Campylobacter in complex matrices with PCR-interfering substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wuttichote Jansaento
- 1Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700 Thailand
| | - Kulachart Jangpatarapongsa
- 2Center for Innovation Development and Technology Transfer, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700 Thailand
| | - Duangporn Polpanich
- 3NANOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120 Thailand
| | - Wijit Wonglumsom
- 1Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700 Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Turonova H, Neu TR, Ulbrich P, Pazlarova J, Tresse O. The biofilm matrix of Campylobacter jejuni determined by fluorescence lectin-binding analysis. BIOFOULING 2016; 32:597-608. [PMID: 27097059 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2016.1169402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is responsible for the most common bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis. Despite its fastidious growth, it can survive harsh conditions through biofilm formation. In this work, fluorescence lectin-binding analysis was used to determine the glycoconjugates present in the biofilm matrix of two well-described strains. Screening of 72 lectins revealed strain-specific patterns with six lectins interacting with the biofilm matrix of both strains. The most common sugar moiety contained galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine. Several lectins interacted with N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid, probably originated from the capsular polysaccharides, lipooligosaccharides and N-glycans of C. jejuni. In addition, glycoconjugates containing mannose and fucose were detected within the biofilm, which have not previously been found in the C. jejuni envelope. Detection of thioflavin T and curcumin highlighted the presence of amyloids in the cell envelope without association with specific cell appendages. The lectins ECA, GS-I, HMA and LEA constitute a reliable cocktail to detect the biofilm matrix of C. jejuni.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Turonova
- a Department of Microbiology & Food Chain , SECALIM UMR1014, INRA , Nantes , France
- b LUNAM Université, Oniris, Université de Nantes , Nantes , France
- c Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology , University of Chemistry and Technology , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Thomas R Neu
- d Department of River Ecology , Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Pavel Ulbrich
- c Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology , University of Chemistry and Technology , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Pazlarova
- c Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology , University of Chemistry and Technology , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Odile Tresse
- a Department of Microbiology & Food Chain , SECALIM UMR1014, INRA , Nantes , France
- b LUNAM Université, Oniris, Université de Nantes , Nantes , France
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Smith J, Corkran S, McKee S, Bilgili S, Singh M. Evaluation of post-chill applications of antimicrobials against Campylobacter jejuni on poultry carcasses. J APPL POULTRY RES 2015. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfv046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
47
|
Colosimo M, Grancini A, Daprai L, Giovanni Cimminiello A, Castelli C, Restelli A, Gallelli L, Torresani E. Involvement of Campylobacter jejuni in septic arthritis: a case report. JMM Case Rep 2015. [DOI: 10.1099/jmmcr.0.000095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Colosimo
- Central Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Grancini
- Central Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Daprai
- Central Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Aldo Giovanni Cimminiello
- Emergency Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Castelli
- Central Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonella Restelli
- Central Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Gallelli
- Department of Health Science, Operative Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Erminio Torresani
- Central Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
SCALLAN E, HOEKSTRA RM, MAHON BE, JONES TF, GRIFFIN PM. An assessment of the human health impact of seven leading foodborne pathogens in the United States using disability adjusted life years. Epidemiol Infect 2015; 143:2795-804. [PMID: 25633631 PMCID: PMC9151020 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268814003185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We explored the overall impact of foodborne disease caused by seven leading foodborne pathogens in the United States using the disability adjusted life year (DALY). We defined health states for each pathogen (acute illness and sequelae) and estimated the average annual incidence of each health state using data from public health surveillance and previously published estimates from studies in the United States, Canada and Europe. These pathogens caused about 112 000 DALYs annually due to foodborne illnesses acquired in the United States. Non-typhoidal Salmonella (32 900) and Toxoplasma (32 700) caused the most DALYs, followed by Campylobacter (22 500), norovirus (9900), Listeria monocytogenes (8800), Clostridium perfringens (4000), and Escherichia coli O157 (1200). These estimates can be used to prioritize food safety interventions. Future estimates of the burden of foodborne disease in DALYs would be improved by addressing important data gaps and by the development and validation of US-specific disability weights for foodborne diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. SCALLAN
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - R. M. HOEKSTRA
- Biostatistic and Information Management Office, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - B. E. MAHON
- Enteric Diseases Epidemiology Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - T. F. JONES
- Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - P. M. GRIFFIN
- Enteric Diseases Epidemiology Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Campylobacter jejuni increases flagellar expression and adhesion of noninvasive Escherichia coli: effects on enterocytic Toll-like receptor 4 and CXCL-8 expression. Infect Immun 2015; 83:4571-81. [PMID: 26371123 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00970-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of bacterium-induced gastroenteritis, and while typically self-limiting, C. jejuni infections are associated with postinfectious intestinal disorders, including flares in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS), via mechanisms that remain obscure. Based on the hypothesis that acute campylobacteriosis may cause pathogenic microbiota dysbiosis, we investigated whether C. jejuni may activate dormant virulence genes in noninvasive Escherichia coli and examined the epithelial pathophysiological consequences of these alterations. Microarray and quantitative real-time PCR analyses revealed that E. coli adhesin, flagellum, and hemolysin gene expression were increased when E. coli was exposed to C. jejuni-conditioned medium. Increased development of bacterial flagella upon exposure to live C. jejuni or C. jejuni-conditioned medium was observed under transmission electron microscopy. Atomic force microscopy demonstrated that the forces of bacterial adhesion to colonic T84 enterocytes, and the work required to rupture this adhesion, were significantly increased in E. coli exposed to C. jejuni-conditioned media. Finally, C. jejuni-modified E. coli disrupted TLR4 gene expression and induced proinflammatory CXCL-8 gene expression in colonic enterocytes. Together, these data suggest that exposure to live C. jejuni, and/or to its secretory-excretory products, may activate latent virulence genes in noninvasive E. coli and that these alterations may directly trigger proinflammatory signaling in intestinal epithelia. These observations shed new light on mechanisms that may contribute, at least in part, to postcampylobacteriosis inflammatory disorders.
Collapse
|
50
|
Kumagai Y, Gilmour S, Ota E, Momose Y, Onishi T, Bilano VLF, Kasuga F, Sekizaki T, Shibuya K. Estimating the burden of foodborne diseases in Japan. Bull World Health Organ 2015; 93:540-549C. [PMID: 26478611 PMCID: PMC4581658 DOI: 10.2471/blt.14.148056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the burden posed by foodborne diseases in Japan using methods developed by the World Health Organization's Foodborne Disease Burden Epidemiology Reference Group (FERG). METHODS Expert consultation and statistics on food poisoning during 2011 were used to identify three common causes of foodborne disease in Japan: Campylobacter and Salmonella species and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). We conducted systematic reviews of English and Japanese literature on the complications caused by these pathogens, by searching Embase, the Japan medical society abstract database and Medline. We estimated the annual incidence of acute gastroenteritis from reported surveillance data, based on estimated probabilities that an affected person would visit a physician and have gastroenteritis confirmed. We then calculated disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost in 2011, using the incidence estimates along with disability weights derived from published studies. FINDINGS In 2011, foodborne disease caused by Campylobacter species, Salmonella species and EHEC led to an estimated loss of 6099, 3145 and 463 DALYs in Japan, respectively. These estimated burdens are based on the pyramid reconstruction method; are largely due to morbidity rather than mortality; and are much higher than those indicated by routine surveillance data. CONCLUSION Routine surveillance data may indicate foodborne disease burdens that are much lower than the true values. Most of the burden posed by foodborne disease in Japan comes from secondary complications. The tools developed by FERG appear useful in estimating disease burdens and setting priorities in the field of food safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Kumagai
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stuart Gilmour
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Erika Ota
- Department of Health Policy, National Centre for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Ver Luanni Feliciano Bilano
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | | | - Tsutomu Sekizaki
- Research Centre for Food Safety, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Shibuya
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| |
Collapse
|