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Huang X, Li C, Wei T, Liu N, Zou L, Bai C, Yao Y, Wang Z, Xue Y, Wu T, Zhang T, Tang M. Ag/TiO 2 nanohybrids induce fibrosis-related epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung epithelial cells and the influences of silver content and silver particle size. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:165875. [PMID: 37517725 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The controlled synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) decorated TiO2 nanohybrids (Ag/TiO2) for photocatalysis has received considerable attention. These photocatalysts are widely used in environment and energy, resulting in human exposure through inhalation. Pure TiO2 is generally considered a low-toxic nanomaterial. However, little is known about the toxicity after AgNPs loading. In this study, silver-decorated TiO2 nanohybrids were controllably synthesized by the photodeposition method, and their toxic effects on murine lung and human lung epithelial cells were explored. As a result, silver loading significantly enhanced the effect of TiO2 photocatalyst on EMT in lung epithelial cells, potentially acting as a pro-fibrogenic effect in murine lung. Meanwhile, the increase in autophagy vacuoles, LC3-II marker, stub-RFP-sens-GFP-LC3 fluorescence assay, and LC3 turnover assay showed that silver loading also significantly increased autophagy flux. Furthermore, analysis of autophagy inhibition by 3-Methyladenine indicated that the promotion of EMT by silver loading was related to the increased autophagy flux. Intriguingly, the autophagy and EMT biological effects could be alleviated when the silver loading amount was reduced or silver particle size was increased, and the enhanced pro-fibrogenic effect was mitigated at the same time. This study supplemented safety information of Ag-decorated TiO2 nanohybrids and provided methods of controlled synthesis for reducing toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoquan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Congcong Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Tingting Wei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Lingyue Zou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Changcun Bai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yongshuai Yao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Gulati K, Ding C, Guo T, Guo H, Yu H, Liu Y. Craniofacial therapy: advanced local therapies from nano-engineered titanium implants to treat craniofacial conditions. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:15. [PMID: 36977679 PMCID: PMC10050545 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-engineering-based tissue regeneration and local therapeutic delivery strategies show significant potential to reduce the health and economic burden associated with craniofacial defects, including traumas and tumours. Critical to the success of such nano-engineered non-resorbable craniofacial implants include load-bearing functioning and survival in complex local trauma conditions. Further, race to invade between multiple cells and pathogens is an important criterion that dictates the fate of the implant. In this pioneering review, we compare the therapeutic efficacy of nano-engineered titanium-based craniofacial implants towards maximised local therapy addressing bone formation/resorption, soft-tissue integration, bacterial infection and cancers/tumours. We present the various strategies to engineer titanium-based craniofacial implants in the macro-, micro- and nano-scales, using topographical, chemical, electrochemical, biological and therapeutic modifications. A particular focus is electrochemically anodised titanium implants with controlled nanotopographies that enable tailored and enhanced bioactivity and local therapeutic release. Next, we review the clinical translation challenges associated with such implants. This review will inform the readers of the latest developments and challenges related to therapeutic nano-engineered craniofacial implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Gulati
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Chengye Ding
- Laboratory of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Tianqi Guo
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Houzuo Guo
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Huajie Yu
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China.
- Fourth Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Laboratory of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China.
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3
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Maciejewski R, Radzikowska-Büchner E, Flieger W, Kulczycka K, Baj J, Forma A, Flieger J. An Overview of Essential Microelements and Common Metallic Nanoparticles and Their Effects on Male Fertility. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191711066. [PMID: 36078782 PMCID: PMC9518444 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Numerous factors affect reproduction, including stress, diet, obesity, the use of stimulants, or exposure to toxins, along with heavy elements (lead, silver, cadmium, uranium, vanadium, mercury, arsenic). Metals, like other xenotoxins, can cause infertility through, e.g., impairment of endocrine function and gametogenesis or excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The advancement of nanotechnology has created another hazard to human safety through exposure to metals in the form of nanomaterials (NMs). Nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit a specific ability to penetrate cell membranes and biological barriers in the human body. These ultra-fine particles (<100 nm) can enter the human body through the respiratory tract, food, skin, injection, or implantation. Once absorbed, NPs are transported to various organs through the blood or lymph. Absorbed NPs, thanks to ultrahigh reactivity compared to bulk materials in microscale size, disrupt the homeostasis of the body as a result of interaction with biological molecules such as DNA, lipids, and proteins; interfering with the functioning of cells, organs, and physiological systems; and leading to severe pathological dysfunctions. Over the past decades, much research has been performed on the reproductive effects of essential trace elements. The research hypothesis that disturbances in the metabolism of trace elements are one of the many causes of infertility has been unquestionably confirmed. This review examines the complex reproductive risks for men regarding the exposure to potentially harmless xenobiotics based on a series of 298 articles over the past 30 years. The research was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases searching for papers devoted to in vivo and in vitro studies related to the influence of essential elements (iron, selenium, manganese, cobalt, zinc, copper, and molybdenum) and widely used metallic NPs on male reproduction potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wojciech Flieger
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kinga Kulczycka
- Institute of Health Sciences, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Alicja Forma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8B, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81448-7182
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Saleh DM, Luo S, Ahmed OHM, Alexander DB, Alexander WT, Gunasekaran S, El-Gazzar AM, Abdelgied M, Numano T, Takase H, Ohnishi M, Tomono S, Hady RHAE, Fukamachi K, Kanno J, Hirose A, Xu J, Suzuki S, Naiki-Ito A, Takahashi S, Tsuda H. Assessment of the toxicity and carcinogenicity of double-walled carbon nanotubes in the rat lung after intratracheal instillation: a two-year study. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:30. [PMID: 35449069 PMCID: PMC9026941 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00469-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Considering the expanding industrial applications of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), safety assessment of these materials is far less than needed. Very few long-term in vivo studies have been carried out. This is the first 2-year in vivo study to assess the effects of double walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) in the lung and pleura of rats after pulmonary exposure. Methods Rats were divided into six groups: untreated, Vehicle, 3 DWCNT groups (0.12 mg/rat, 0.25 mg/rat and 0.5 mg/rat), and MWCNT-7 (0.5 mg/rat). The test materials were administrated by intratracheal-intrapulmonary spraying (TIPS) every other day for 15 days. Rats were observed without further treatment until sacrifice. Results DWCNT were biopersistent in the rat lung and induced marked pulmonary inflammation with a significant increase in macrophage count and levels of the chemotactic cytokines CCL2 and CCL3. In addition, the 0.5 mg DWCNT treated rats had significantly higher pulmonary collagen deposition compared to the vehicle controls. The development of carcinomas in the lungs of rats treated with 0.5 mg DWCNT (4/24) was not quite statistically higher (p = 0.0502) than the vehicle control group (0/25), however, the overall incidence of lung tumor development, bronchiolo-alveolar adenoma and bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma combined, in the lungs of rats treated with 0.5 mg DWCNT (7/24) was statistically higher (p < 0.05) than the vehicle control group (1/25). Notably, two of the rats treated with DWCNT, one in the 0.25 mg group and one in the 0.5 mg group, developed pleural mesotheliomas. However, both of these lesions developed in the visceral pleura, and unlike the rats administered MWCNT-7, rats administered DWCNT did not have elevated levels of HMGB1 in their pleural lavage fluids. This indicates that the mechanism by which the mesotheliomas that developed in the DWCNT treated rats is not relevant to humans. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that the DWCNT fibers we tested are biopersistent in the rat lung and induce chronic inflammation. Rats treated with 0.5 mg DWCNT developed pleural fibrosis and lung tumors. These findings demonstrate that the possibility that at least some types of DWCNTs are fibrogenic and tumorigenic cannot be ignored.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-022-00469-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Mourad Saleh
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Shengyong Luo
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Omnia Hosny Mohamed Ahmed
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - David B Alexander
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.
| | - William T Alexander
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Sivagami Gunasekaran
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ahmed M El-Gazzar
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdelgied
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.,Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA
| | - Takamasa Numano
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takase
- Core Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohnishi
- Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association, Japan Bioassay Research Center, Hadano, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Susumu Tomono
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Randa Hussein Abd El Hady
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Katsumi Fukamachi
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Kanno
- National Institute Hygienic Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | - Jiegou Xu
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shugo Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Aya Naiki-Ito
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuda
- Nanotoxicology Lab Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dohri, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.
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Forest V. Experimental and Computational Nanotoxicology-Complementary Approaches for Nanomaterial Hazard Assessment. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12081346. [PMID: 35458054 PMCID: PMC9031966 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The growing development and applications of nanomaterials lead to an increasing release of these materials in the environment. The adverse effects they may elicit on ecosystems or human health are not always fully characterized. Such potential toxicity must be carefully assessed with the underlying mechanisms elucidated. To that purpose, different approaches can be used. First, experimental toxicology consisting of conducting in vitro or in vivo experiments (including clinical studies) can be used to evaluate the nanomaterial hazard. It can rely on variable models (more or less complex), allowing the investigation of different biological endpoints. The respective advantages and limitations of in vitro and in vivo models are discussed as well as some issues associated with experimental nanotoxicology. Perspectives of future developments in the field are also proposed. Second, computational nanotoxicology, i.e., in silico approaches, can be used to predict nanomaterial toxicity. In this context, we describe the general principles, advantages, and limitations especially of quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models and grouping/read-across approaches. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of these different approaches based on examples and highlight their complementarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Forest
- Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, U1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
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Kumar M, Yano N, Fedulov AV. Gestational exposure to titanium dioxide, diesel exhaust, and concentrated urban air particles affects levels of specialized pro-resolving mediators in response to allergen in asthma-susceptible neonate lungs. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:243-261. [PMID: 34802391 PMCID: PMC8785906 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.2000906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Maternal gestational exposures to traffic and urban air pollutant particulates have been linked to increased risk and/or worsening asthma in children; however, mechanisms underlying this vertical transmission are not entirely understood. It was postulated that gestational particle exposure might affect the ability to elicit specialized proresolving mediator (SPM) responses upon allergen encounter in neonates. Lipidomic profiling of 50 SPMs was performed in lungs of neonates born to mice exposed to concentrated urban air particles (CAP), diesel exhaust particles (DEP), or less immunotoxic titanium dioxide particles (TiO2). While asthma-like phenotypes were induced with identical eosinophilia intensity across neonates of all particle-exposed mothers, levels of LXA4, HEPE and HETE isoforms, and HDoHe were only decreased by CAP and DEP only but not by TiO2. However, RvE2 and RvD1 were inhibited by all particles. In contrast, isomers of Maresin1 and Protectin D1 were variably elevated by CAP and DEP, whereas Protectin DX, PGE2, and TxB2 were increased in all groups. Only Protectin D1/DX, MaR1(n-3,DPA), 5(S),15(S)-DiHETE, PGE2, and RvE3 correlated with eosinophilia but the majority of other analytes, elevated or inhibited, showed no marked correlation with inflammation intensity. Evidence indicates that gestational particle exposure leads to both particle-specific and nonspecific effects on the SPM network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Kumar
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University. Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital. 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA. 02903
| | - Naohiro Yano
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University. Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital. 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA. 02903
| | - Alexey V. Fedulov
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University. Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital. 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, USA. 02903
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7
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Fussell JC, Kelly FJ. Mechanisms underlying the health effects of desert sand dust. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 157:106790. [PMID: 34333291 PMCID: PMC8484861 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Desertification and climate change indicate a future expansion of the global area of dry land and an increase in the risk of drought. Humans may therefore be at an ever-increasing risk of frequent exposure to, and resultant adverse health effects of desert sand dust. This review appraises a total of 52 experimental studies that have sought to identify mechanisms and intermediate endpoints underlying epidemiological evidence of an impact of desert dust on cardiovascular and respiratory health. Toxicological studies, in main using doses that reflect or at least approach real world exposures during a dust event, have demonstrated that virgin sand dust particles and dust storm particles sampled at remote locations away from the source induce inflammatory lung injury and aggravate allergen-induced nasal and pulmonary eosinophilia. Effects are orchestrated by cytokines, chemokines and antigen-specific immunoglobulin potentially via toll-like receptor/myeloid differentiation factor signaling pathways. Findings suggest that in addition to involvement of adhered chemical and biological pollutants, mineralogical components may also be implicated in the pathogenesis of human respiratory disorders during a dust event. Whilst comparisons with urban particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) suggest that allergic inflammatory responses are greater for microbial element-rich dust- PM2.5, aerosols generated during dust events appear to have a lower oxidative potential compared to combustion-generated PM2.5 sampled during non-dust periods. In vitro findings suggest that the significant amounts of suspended desert dust during storm periods may provide a platform to intermix with chemicals on its surfaces, thereby increasing the bioreactivity of PM2.5 during dust storm episodes, and that mineral dust surface reactions are an unrecognized source of toxic organic chemicals in the atmosphere, enhancing toxicity of aerosols in urban environments. In summary, the experimental research on desert dust on respiratory endpoints go some way in clarifying the mechanistic effects of atmospheric desert dust on the upper and lower human respiratory system. In doing so, they provide support for biological plausibility of epidemiological associations between this particulate air pollutant and events including exacerbation of asthma, hospitalization for respiratory infections and seasonal allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Fussell
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, School of Public Health, Sir Michael Uren Building, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80-92 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Frank J Kelly
- National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, School of Public Health, Sir Michael Uren Building, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 80-92 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
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Gulati K, Zhang Y, Di P, Liu Y, Ivanovski S. Research to Clinics: Clinical Translation Considerations for Anodized Nano-Engineered Titanium Implants. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 8:4077-4091. [PMID: 34313123 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Titania nanotubes (TNTs) fabricated on titanium orthopedic and dental implants have shown significant potential in "proof of concept" in vitro, ex vivo, and short-term in vivo studies. However, most studies do not focus on a clear direction for future research towards clinical translation, and there exists a knowledge gap in identifying key research challenges that must be addressed to progress to the clinical setting. This review focuses on such challenges with respect to anodized titanium implants modified with TNTs, including optimized fabrication on clinically utilized microrough surfaces, clinically relevant bioactivity assessments, and controlled/tailored local release of therapeutics. Further, long-term in vivo investigations in compromised animal models under loading conditions are needed. We also discuss and detail challenges and progress related to the mechanical stability of TNT-based implants, corrosion resistance/electrochemical stability, optimized cleaning/sterilization, packaging/aging, and nanotoxicity concerns. This extensive, clinical translation focused review of TNTs modified Ti implants aims to foster improved understanding of key research gaps and advances, informing future research in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Gulati
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Di
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases and National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Laboratory of Biomimetic Nanomaterials, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Sašo Ivanovski
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
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9
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Pulmonary bioassay studies with brake lining components - Nonfibrous potassium octatitanate - Terracess JS particles in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112292. [PMID: 34052359 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nonfibrous potassium octatitanate particles are commercially utilized in applications such as brake pads or brake linings. The aim of this study was to assess lung toxicity in rats exposed to Terracess JS particle-types, one form of nonfibrous octatitanate particulates, and compare the effects to vehicle controls and to Min-U-Sil α-quartz particles as a positive benchmark control particle. Groups of male rats were intratracheally instilled with doses of either 1 or 5 mg/kg of Terracess JS particles or α-quartz particles in phosphate-buffered saline. Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution instilled rats served as vehicle controls. Following exposures, the lungs of PBS and particle-exposed rats were evaluated for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid inflammatory biomarkers at post-instillation time points of 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months. In addition, lung tissue morphologies from PBS or 5 mg/kg particle-exposed (Terracess JS or α-quartz) rats were evaluated at postexposure time points of 1 month and 3 months. The BAL fluid results demonstrated that pulmonary instillation exposures in rats to quartz particles produced sustained pulmonary inflammation and significant cytotoxic effects measured at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months postexposure. In contrast, exposures to Terracess JS particle-types produced no significant lung inflammatory or cell injury effects when compared to PBS vehicle control exposed rats. With regard to histopathology of lung tissue, pulmonary exposures to quartz particles in rats produced a progressive, dose-dependent lung inflammatory response characterized by neutrophils and foamy lipid-containing alveolar macrophage accumulation, as well as evidence of early lung tissue thickening consistent with the development of pulmonary fibrosis at the 3-month postexposure time period. In contrast, histopathological analyses of lung tissues revealed that pulmonary exposures to Terracess JS particulates resulted in no significant adverse effects when compared to PBS-exposed controls, as evidenced by the normal lung architecture observed in the exposed animals at post-instillation exposure time periods ranging from 1 month to 3 months. The results described herein demonstrate the benign nature of the pulmonary instillation response in rats following particle exposures to 1 or 5 mg/kg (approximately 1.25 mg) of Terracess JS particle-types in these pulmonary bioassay studies, using appropriate benchmark control particles for comparative evaluations. Thus, based on these results, it is concluded that inhaled Terracess JS particles are expected to have a low-risk potential for producing adverse pulmonary health effects in exposed workers.
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Nossa R, Costa J, Cacopardo L, Ahluwalia A. Breathing in vitro: Designs and applications of engineered lung models. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211008696. [PMID: 33996022 PMCID: PMC8107677 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211008696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide a systematic design guideline to users, particularly engineers interested in developing and deploying lung models, and biologists seeking to identify a suitable platform for conducting in vitro experiments involving pulmonary cells or tissues. We first discuss the state of the art on lung in vitro models, describing the most simplistic and traditional ones. Then, we analyze in further detail the more complex dynamic engineered systems that either provide mechanical cues, or allow for more predictive exposure studies, or in some cases even both. This is followed by a dedicated section on microchips of the lung. Lastly, we present a critical discussion of the different characteristics of each type of system and the criteria which may help researchers select the most appropriate technology according to their specific requirements. Readers are encouraged to refer to the tables accompanying the different sections where comprehensive and quantitative information on the operating parameters and performance of the different systems reported in the literature is provided.
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11
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Ursini CL, Di Basilio M, Ciervo A, Fresegna AM, Maiello R, Buresti G, Campopiano A, Angelosanto F, Papacchini M, Iavicoli S, Cavallo D. Biomonitoring of workers employed in a titanium dioxide production plant: Use of buccal micronucleus cytome assay as noninvasive biomarker to evaluate genotoxic and cytotoxic effects. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2021; 62:242-251. [PMID: 33720463 DOI: 10.1002/em.22431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate whether TiO2 production process induces genotoxic and cytotoxic effects on the first target organ of inhalable particles by a sensitive and noninvasive biomarker of effect. Final aim was to find a useful and suitable tool to assess and manage the risk of TiO2 occupational exposure. We enrolled 40 workers employed in TiO2 production, 5 office workers, and 18 external controls. Buccal micronucleus cytome assay (BMCyt assay) was applied because it allows to evaluate micronucleus (MN), nuclear buds (NB), and broken eggs (BE) indicating the presence of chromosomal instability and gene amplification and binucleated cells (BIN), karyolytic cells (KL), and condensed chromatin (CC) indicating cytokinesis defect or arrest, cell death and apoptosis respectively. We characterized the exposure measuring inhalable and respirable particles by personal monitoring. BMCyt-assay showed in exposed workers compared with external controls a higher value of MN frequency (2.57 vs. 0.05‰, p < .001) and MN positivity, evaluated as percentage of subjects with MN frequency higher than a 1.5‰ cut-off value (52.5 vs. 0%). We also found in exposed workers higher frequency of BE + NB (2.41 vs. 0.22‰, p = .002), BIN (9.45 vs. 8.44‰, p = .047) and CC (1.80 vs. 0.21, p = .001) than in controls. Moreover, we found a relationship between personal monitoring results and presence of MN and other cellular anomalies. This study demonstrates induction of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects on buccal cells of workers involved in TiO2 production, suggesting the suitability of BMCyt assay as tool for risk assessment and management of TiO2 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Lucia Ursini
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority - INAIL, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Di Basilio
- Department of Technological Innovation and Safety of Plants, Products and Anthropic Settlements, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority - INAIL, Rome, Italy
| | - Aureliano Ciervo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority - INAIL, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Fresegna
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority - INAIL, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Maiello
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority - INAIL, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliana Buresti
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority - INAIL, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Campopiano
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority - INAIL, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Angelosanto
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority - INAIL, Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Papacchini
- Department of Technological Innovation and Safety of Plants, Products and Anthropic Settlements, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority - INAIL, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Iavicoli
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority - INAIL, Rome, Italy
| | - Delia Cavallo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority - INAIL, Rome, Italy
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12
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Sajadinia H, Ghazanfari D, Naghavii K, Naghavi H, Tahamipur B. A comparison of microwave and ultrasound routes to prepare nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer improving morphological and physiological properties of maize ( Zea mays L .). Heliyon 2021; 7:e06094. [PMID: 33748444 PMCID: PMC7969904 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles have a remarkable potential to be used as nano-fertilizers with great effects on improving the yield of plants. These nano-compounds were synthesized using microwave and ultrasound methods, which decrease the particle size distribution of the products. To investigate the effects of two types of simple and triple superphosphate fertilizers on some properties of maize plant (Zea mays L.), a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized block design. The fertilizer treatments included in this study were simple superphosphate, triple superphosphate, microwave nano-hydroxyapatite, and ultrasound nano-hydroxyapatite and examined at five concentration levels. The results showed that the application of nano-hydroxyapatite phosphate fertilizers improved the growth and physiological properties of maize plant. This would raise better results in comparison to the simple and triple superphosphate fertilizers. Considering the positive effects of nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizers and high production levels, the results of this experiment revealed that the synthetic nano-hydroxyapatite methods prevent phosphorus loss; therefore, it is recommended to use nano-phosphate fertilizers in food resource management to achieve a favorable quantitative yield. Moreover, they can be regarded as a favorable solution to deal with the environmental problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Sajadinia
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Kazem Naghavii
- Department of Physics, Islamic Azad University Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hormozd Naghavi
- Department of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Batool Tahamipur
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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More SL, Kovochich M, Lyons-Darden T, Taylor M, Schulte AM, Madl AK. Review and Evaluation of the Potential Health Effects of Oxidic Nickel Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:642. [PMID: 33807756 PMCID: PMC7999720 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The exceptional physical and chemical properties of nickel nanomaterials have been exploited in a range of applications such as electrical conductors, batteries, and biomaterials. However, it has been suggested that these unique properties may allow for increased bioavailability, bio-reactivity, and potential adverse health effects. Thus, the purpose of this review was to critically evaluate data regarding the toxicity of oxidic nickel nanoparticles (nickel oxide (NiO) and nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) nanoparticles) with respect to: (1) physico-chemistry properties; (2) nanomaterial characterization in the defined delivery media; (3) appropriateness of model system and translation to potential human effects; (4) biodistribution, retention, and clearance; (5) routes and relevance of exposure; and (6) current research data gaps and likely directions of future research. Inhalation studies were prioritized for review as this represents a potential exposure route in humans. Oxidic nickel particle size ranged from 5 to 100 nm in the 60 studies that were identified. Inflammatory responses induced by exposure of oxidic nickel nanoparticles via inhalation in rodent studies was characterized as acute in nature and only displayed chronic effects after relatively large (high concentration and long duration) exposures. Furthermore, there is no evidence, thus far, to suggest that the effects induced by oxidic nickel nanoparticles are related to preneoplastic events. There are some data to suggest that nano- and micron-sized NiO particles follow a similar dose response when normalized to surface area. However, future experiments need to be conducted to better characterize the exposure-dose-response relationship according to specific surface area and reactivity as a dose metric, which drives particle dissolution and potential biological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharlee L. More
- Cardno ChemRisk, 6720 S Macadam Ave Suite 150, Portland, OR 97219, USA
| | - Michael Kovochich
- Cardno ChemRisk, 30 North LaSalle St Suite 3910, Chicago, IL 60602, USA;
| | - Tara Lyons-Darden
- NiPERA, 2525 Meridian Parkway, Suite 240, Durham, NC 27713, USA; (T.L.-D.); (M.T.)
| | - Michael Taylor
- NiPERA, 2525 Meridian Parkway, Suite 240, Durham, NC 27713, USA; (T.L.-D.); (M.T.)
| | - Alexandra M. Schulte
- Cardno ChemRisk, 65 Enterprise Drive Suite 150, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, USA; (A.M.S.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Amy K. Madl
- Cardno ChemRisk, 65 Enterprise Drive Suite 150, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, USA; (A.M.S.); (A.K.M.)
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14
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Willhite CC, Karyakina NA, Nordheim E, Arnold I, Armstrong V, Momoli F, Shilnikova NS, Yenugadhati N, Krewski D. The REACH registration process: A case study of metallic aluminium, aluminium oxide and aluminium hydroxide. Neurotoxicology 2020; 83:166-178. [PMID: 33290785 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The European Union's REACH Regulation requires determination of potential health and environmental effects of chemicals in commerce. The present case study examines the application of REACH guidance for health hazard assessments of three high production volume (HPV) aluminium (Al) substances: metallic aluminium, aluminium oxide, and aluminium hydroxide. Among the potential adverse health consequences of aluminium exposure, neurotoxicity is one of the most sensitive targets of Al toxicity and the most critical endpoint. This case study illustrates integration of data from multiple lines of evidence into REACH weight of evidence evaluations. This case study then explains how those results support regulatory decisions on classification and labelling. Challenges in the REACH appraisal of Al compounds include speciation, solubility and bioavailability, application of assessment factors, read-across rationale and differences with existing regulatory standards. Lessons learned from the present case study relate to identification and evaluation of toxicologic and epidemiologic data; assessing data relevance and reliability; development of derived no-effect levels (DNELs); addressing data gaps and preparation of chemical safety reports.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nataliya A Karyakina
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | | | - Ian Arnold
- International Aluminium Institute, London, United Kingdom; Occupational Health Program, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Franco Momoli
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Natalia S Shilnikova
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Nagarajkumar Yenugadhati
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniel Krewski
- Risk Sciences International, Ottawa, Canada; McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Masjedi-Arani M, Amiri M, Amiri O, Ahmadi M, Salavati-Niasari M. Glioma cells eradication by photoexcitation of bioengineered molybdenum trioxide nanoparticles synthesized by wet chemical and microwave route: Dose dependent photosensitizer bioactivity. Int J Pharm 2020; 591:120021. [PMID: 33122109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Here, we surveyed the usage of MoO3 nanostructure in role of a photosensitizer to eradicate glioma cells. This is the first endeavor upon survey of usage of nanostructured MoO3 to treat glioma in vitro. Here, we offer a simple way for preparation of bioactive MoO3 nanostructure via two different routes; wet chemical and microwave. The influence of diverse experimental factors like various alcoholic solvents and presence of capping agent was investigated on the final properties of synthesized products. Dimension and morphology of inorganic molybdenum trioxide nanostructures checked with TEM, HRTEM and also SEM images. Moreover, the cytotoxicity effect of optimized MoO3 nanoparticles was investigated on T98 and A172 cell lines. Both T98 and A172 cell lines indicated dose-dependent manner in the presence of increasing concentration of MoO3 nanostructures, but T98 cells were less sensitive to MoO3 in comparison with A172. Anti-glioma role of MoO3 nanostructures excited with the aid of UVC illumination studied in vitro as well. By studying the UV exposure lonely, it is evident that UV effects on cell viability about 50% in both cell lines after 24 h. Interestingly, by combining nanostructured MoO3 with UVC illumination, decrement in the proliferation value could be remarkably occurred in comparison with controls. The outcomes denote that the photodynamic therapy with the help of nanostructured MoO3 may be beneficial to treat glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Masjedi-Arani
- Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-51167, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahnaz Amiri
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Omid Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Raparin, Rania, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, International University of Erbil, Iraq
| | - Meysam Ahmadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoud Salavati-Niasari
- Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-51167, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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16
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Pearce KM, Okon I, Watson-Wright C. Induction of Oxidative DNA Damage and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transitions in Small Airway Epithelial Cells Exposed to Cosmetic Aerosols. Toxicol Sci 2020; 177:248-262. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Engineered metal nanoparticles (ENPs) are frequently incorporated into aerosolized consumer products, known as nano-enabled products (NEPs). Concern for consumer pulmonary exposures grows as NEPs produce high concentrations of chemically modified ENPs. A significant knowledge gap still exists surrounding NEP aerosol respiratory effects as previous research focuses on pristine/unmodified ENPs. Our research evaluated metal-containing aerosols emitted from nano-enabled cosmetics and their induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage, which may contribute to epithelial mesenchymal transitions (EMT) within primary human small airway epithelial cells. We utilized an automated NEP generation system to monitor and gravimetrically collect aerosols from two aerosolized cosmetic lines. Aerosol monitoring data were inputted into modeling software to determine potential inhaled dose and in vitro concentrations. Toxicological profiles of aerosols and comparable pristine ENPs (TiO2 and Fe2O3) were used to assess reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress by fluorescent-based assays. Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) damage and 8-oxoguanine were detected using the CometChip assay after 24-h exposure. Western blots were conducted after 21-day exposure to evaluate modulation of EMT markers. Results indicated aerosols possessed primarily ultrafine particles largely depositing in tracheobronchial lung regions. Significant increases in oxidative stress, ssDNA damage, and 8-oxoguanine were detected post-exposure to aerosols versus pristine ENPs. Western blots revealed statistically significant decreases in E-cadherin and increases in vimentin, fascin, and CD44 for two aerosols, indicating EMT. This work suggests certain prolonged NEP inhalation exposures cause oxidative DNA damage, which may play a role in cellular changes associated with reduced respiratory function and should be of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imoh Okon
- Center for Molecular & Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30302
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17
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Braakhuis HM, Gosens I, Heringa MB, Oomen AG, Vandebriel RJ, Groenewold M, Cassee FR. Mechanism of Action of TiO 2: Recommendations to Reduce Uncertainties Related to Carcinogenic Potential. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 61:203-223. [PMID: 32284010 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-101419-100049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Risk Assessment Committee of the European Chemicals Agency issued an opinion on classifying titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a suspected human carcinogen upon inhalation. Recent animal studies indicate that TiO2 may be carcinogenic through the oral route. There is considerable uncertainty on the carcinogenicity of TiO2, which may be decreased if its mechanism of action becomes clearer. Here we consider adverse outcome pathways and present the available information on each of the key events (KEs). Inhalation exposure to TiO2 can induce lung tumors in rats via a mechanism that is also applicable to other poorly soluble, low-toxicity particles. To reduce uncertainties regarding human relevance, we recommend gathering information on earlier KEs such as oxidative stress in humans. For oral exposure, insufficient information is available to conclude whether TiO2 can induce intestinal tumors. An oral carcinogenicity study with well-characterized (food-grade) TiO2 is needed, including an assessment of toxicokinetics and early KEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedwig M Braakhuis
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Ilse Gosens
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Minne B Heringa
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands; .,Current affiliation: Reckitt Benckiser, 1118 BH Schiphol, The Netherlands
| | - Agnes G Oomen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Rob J Vandebriel
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Monique Groenewold
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands; .,Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, University of Utrecht, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
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18
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Keller JG, Peijnenburg W, Werle K, Landsiedel R, Wohlleben W. Understanding Dissolution Rates via Continuous Flow Systems with Physiologically Relevant Metal Ion Saturation in Lysosome. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020311. [PMID: 32059359 PMCID: PMC7075195 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Dissolution rates of nanomaterials can be decisive for acute in vivo toxicity (via the released ions) and for biopersistence (of the remaining particles). Continuous flow systems (CFSs) can screen for both aspects, but operational parameters need to be adjusted to the specific physiological compartment, including local metal ion saturation. CFSs have two adjustable parameters: the volume flow-rate and the initial particle loading. Here we explore the pulmonary lysosomal dissolution of nanomaterials containing the metals Al, Ba, Zn, Cu over a wide range of volume flow-rates in a single experiment. We identify the ratio of particle surface area (SA) per volume flow-rate (SA/V) as critical parameter that superimposes all dissolution rates of the same material. Three complementary benchmark materials—ZnO (quick dissolution), TiO2 (very slow dissolution), and BaSO4 (partial dissolution)—consistently identify the SA/V range of 0.01 to 0.03 h/cm as predictive for lysosomal pulmonary biodissolution. We then apply the identified method to compare against non-nanoforms of the same substances and test aluminosilicates. For BaSO4 and TiO2, we find high similarity of the dissolution rates of their respective nanoform and non-nanoform, governed by the local ion solubility limit at relevant SA/V ranges. For aluminosilicates, we find high similarity of the dissolution rates of two Kaolin nanoforms but significant dissimilarity against Bentonite despite the similar composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes G. Keller
- BASF SE, Dept. Experimental Toxicology and Ecology and Dept. Advanced Materials Research, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany; (J.G.K.); (K.W.)
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biology, Chemistry & Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Willie Peijnenburg
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment RIVM, 3721 Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kai Werle
- BASF SE, Dept. Experimental Toxicology and Ecology and Dept. Advanced Materials Research, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany; (J.G.K.); (K.W.)
| | - Robert Landsiedel
- BASF SE, Dept. Experimental Toxicology and Ecology and Dept. Advanced Materials Research, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany; (J.G.K.); (K.W.)
| | - Wendel Wohlleben
- BASF SE, Dept. Experimental Toxicology and Ecology and Dept. Advanced Materials Research, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany; (J.G.K.); (K.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-621-609-5339
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Abstract
A 61-year-old man was referred to our hospital with dyspnea and an abnormal lung shadow. His occupational history, pathological findings, and an elemental analysis led to a definitive diagnosis of pneumoconiosis induced by titanium grindings. The patient experienced gradual improvement solely by avoiding titanium grindings. Titanium-induced lung disease is very rare, and most of these cases are caused by inhalation of titanium dioxide (TiO2), which is included in a wide range of commercially available products, such as paints, pigments, and cosmetics. However, industrial workers can also develop lung diseases due to the inhalation of metallic titanium materials during metal grinding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Iijima
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tateishi
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Kimitake Tsuchiya
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Yuki Sumi
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Takumi Akashi
- The Department of Pathology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
| | - Yasunari Miyazaki
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan
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TiO 2 Nanomaterials Non-Controlled Contamination Could Be Hazardous for Normal Cells Located in the Field of Radiotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030940. [PMID: 32023866 PMCID: PMC7037422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Among nanomaterials (NMs), titanium dioxide (TiO2) is one of the most manufactured NMs and can be found in many consumers' products such as skin care products, textiles and food (as E171 additive). Moreover, due to its most attractive property, a photoactivation upon non-ionizing UVA radiation, TiO2 NMs is widely used as a decontaminating agent. Uncontrolled contaminations by TiO2 NMs during their production (professional exposure) or by using products (consumer exposure) are rather frequent. So far, TiO2 NMs cytotoxicity is still a matter of controversy depending on biological models, types of TiO2 NMs, suspension preparation and biological endpoints. TiO2 NMs photoactivation has been widely described for UV light radiation exposure, it could lead to reactive oxygen species production, known to be both cyto- and genotoxic on human cells. After higher photon energy exposition, such as X-rays used for radiotherapy and for medical imaging, TiO2 NMs photoactivation still occurs. Importantly, the question of its hazard in the case of body contamination of persons receiving radiotherapy was never addressed, knowing that healthy tissues surrounding the tumor are indeed exposed. The present work focuses on the analysis of human normal bronchiolar cell response after co-exposition TiO2 NMs (with different coatings) and ionizing radiation. Our results show a clear synergistic effect, in terms of cell viability, cell death and oxidative stress, between TiO2 NMS and radiation.
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21
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Danielsen PH, Knudsen KB, Štrancar J, Umek P, Koklič T, Garvas M, Vanhala E, Savukoski S, Ding Y, Madsen AM, Jacobsen NR, Weydahl IK, Berthing T, Poulsen SS, Schmid O, Wolff H, Vogel U. Effects of physicochemical properties of TiO 2 nanomaterials for pulmonary inflammation, acute phase response and alveolar proteinosis in intratracheally exposed mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 386:114830. [PMID: 31734322 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterial (NM) characteristics may affect the pulmonary toxicity and inflammatory response, including specific surface area, size, shape, crystal phase or other surface characteristics. Grouping of TiO2 in hazard assessment might be challenging because of variation in physicochemical properties. We exposed C57BL/6 J mice to a single dose of four anatase TiO2 NMs with various sizes and shapes by intratracheal instillation and assessed the pulmonary toxicity 1, 3, 28, 90 or 180 days post-exposure. The quartz DQ12 was included as benchmark particle. Pulmonary responses were evaluated by histopathology, electron microscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cell composition and acute phase response. Genotoxicity was evaluated by DNA strand break levels in BAL cells, lung and liver in the comet assay. Multiple regression analyses were applied to identify specific TiO2 NMs properties important for the pulmonary inflammation and acute phase response. The TiO2 NMs induced similar inflammatory responses when surface area was used as dose metrics, although inflammatory and acute phase response was greatest and more persistent for the TiO2 tube. Similar histopathological changes were observed for the TiO2 tube and DQ12 including pulmonary alveolar proteinosis indicating profound effects related to the tube shape. Comparison with previously published data on rutile TiO2 NMs indicated that rutile TiO2 NMs were more inflammogenic in terms of neutrophil influx than anatase TiO2 NMs when normalized to total deposited surface area. Overall, the results suggest that specific surface area, crystal phase and shape of TiO2 NMs are important predictors for the observed pulmonary effects of TiO2 NMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Esa Vanhala
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Yaobo Ding
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Mette Madsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | | | - Trine Berthing
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Sarah Søs Poulsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Otmar Schmid
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Henrik Wolff
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki University, Department of Pathology, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; DTU Health Tech, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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Okada T, Lee BW, Ogami A, Oyabu T, Myojo T. Inhalation of titanium dioxide (P25) nanoparticles to rats and changes in surfactant protein (SP-D) levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum. Nanotoxicology 2019; 13:1396-1408. [PMID: 31512956 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1661042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are typical and widely used nanomaterials, and there are many studies on the inflammatory responses induced by their inhalation. In this study, we conducted a 4-week inhalation exposure study of aerosolized TiO2> nanoparticles (P25) to male Wistar rats. The mean aerosol concentration measured at each day was 4.1 mg/m3 by dry powder dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles. Control and exposure groups of rats were killed at 3 and 30 days after the termination of exposure, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were collected for analysis of total cell count, neutrophil count, and surfactant protein (SP-D) in BALF and SP-D in serum, as well as other serum biomarkers. SP-D is a component of lung surfactants produced in type II alveolar epithelial cells and Clara cells and secreted into the alveolar space and blood. The neutrophil count in the BALF was significantly elevated at 3 and 30 days. The levels of SP-D in the BALF were also elevated at 3 and 30 days, while the serum SP-D levels were elevated at 3 days only. We determined the amounts of TiO2 in the rat lungs in the exposure group at 3, 30, and 73 days to analyze the lung deposition fraction (10.2%) and the biological half-life time (72.4 days) of inhaled TiO2 nanoparticles. Histopathological analysis revealed mild pulmonary inflammation in lung tissue at 3 days. Serum SP-D was found to be a potential biomarker for exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takami Okada
- Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Byeong Woo Lee
- Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Akira Ogami
- Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Takako Oyabu
- Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Myojo
- Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
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23
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Mandler WK, Qi C, Orandle MS, Sarkisian K, Mercer RR, Stefaniak AB, Knepp AK, Bowers LN, Battelli LA, Shaffer J, Friend SA, Qian Y, Sisler JD. Mouse pulmonary response to dust from sawing Corian®, a solid-surface composite material. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:645-663. [PMID: 31290376 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1640816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Corian®, a solid-surface composite (SSC), is composed of alumina trihydrate and acrylic polymer. The aim of the present study was to examine the pulmonary toxicity attributed to exposure to SSC sawing dust. Male mice were exposed to either phosphate buffer saline (PBS, control), 62.5, 125, 250, 500, or 1000 µg of SSC dust, or 1000 µg silica (positive control) via oropharyngeal aspiration. Body weights were measured for the duration of the study. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and tissues were collected for analysis at 1 and 14 days post-exposure. Enhanced-darkfield and histopathologic analysis was performed to assess particle distribution and inflammatory responses. BALF cells and inflammatory cytokines were measured. The geometric mean diameter of SSC sawing dust following suspension in PBS was 1.25 µm. BALF analysis indicated that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, inflammatory cells, and pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly elevated in the 500 and 1000 µg SSC exposure groups at days 1 and 14, suggesting that exposure to these concentrations of SSC induced inflammatory responses, in some cases to a greater degree than the silica positive control. Histopathology indicated the presence of acute alveolitis at all doses at day 1, which was largely resolved by day 14. Alveolar particle deposition and granulomatous mass formation were observed in all exposure groups at day 14. The SSC particles were poorly cleared, with 81% remaining at the end of the observation period. These findings demonstrate that SSC sawing dust exposure induces pulmonary inflammation and damage that warrants further investigation. Abbreviations: ANOVA: Analysis of Variance; ATH: Alumina Trihydrate; BALF: Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Dpg: Geometric Mean Diameter; FE-SEM: Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy; IACUC: Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee; IFN-γ: Interferon Gamma; IL-1 Β: Interleukin-1 Beta; IL-10: Interleukin-10; IL-12: Interleukin-12; IL-2: Interleukin-2; IL-4: Interleukin-4; IL-5: Interleukin-5; IL-6: Interleukin-6; KC/GRO: Neutrophil-Activating Protein 3; MMAD: Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter; PBS: Phosphate-Buffered Saline; PEL: Permissible Exposure Limit; PM: Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes; PNOR: Particles Not Otherwise Regulated; SEM/EDX: Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy-Dispersive X-Ray; SSA: Specific Surface Area; SSC: Solid Surface Composite; TNFα: Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha; VOC: Volatile Organic Compounds; σg: Geometric Standard Deviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Kyle Mandler
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Chaolong Qi
- b Division of Applied Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Cincinnati , OH , USA
| | - Marlene S Orandle
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Khachatur Sarkisian
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Robert R Mercer
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Aleksandr B Stefaniak
- c Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Alycia K Knepp
- c Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Lauren N Bowers
- c Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Lori A Battelli
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Justine Shaffer
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Sherri A Friend
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Yong Qian
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Jennifer D Sisler
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , WV , USA
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Shubha P, Gowda ML, Namratha K, Manjunatha H, Byrappa K. In vitro and In vivo evaluation of green-hydrothermal synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mobeen Amanulla A, Sundaram R. Green synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using orange peel extract for antibacterial, cytotoxicity and humidity sensor applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2019.02.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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What is the impact of surface modifications and particle size on commercial titanium dioxide particle samples? - A review of in vivo pulmonary and oral toxicity studies - Revised 11-6-2018. Toxicol Lett 2018; 302:42-59. [PMID: 30468858 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There is an ongoing discussion on the influence of surface-modifications on the toxicity of commercial particulate materials and how alterations in physical-chemical properties of surfaces impact toxicity. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a poorly soluble particulate material of significant socioeconomic importance that largely exists as surface-modified particle-types in commerce. The observed toxicological effects of TiO2 are primarily due to particle effects rather than substance chemistry, as such TiO2 is commonly considered to be a poorly soluble low toxicity (PSLT) particle. This review provides an overview of the effect of surface modifications on the pulmonary and oral toxicity of commercial TiO2 particles with emphasis on in vivo studies with appropriate controls, and where both surface modified and untreated materials are present in the same study. Published literature findings involving pulmonary and oral exposures to surface modified TiO2 particles were reviewed and evaluated for quality and commercial relevance. Suitable publications involving animal studies were identified and summarized. Several studies were identified that have evaluated commercially-relevant surface-modified forms of titanium dioxide with appropriate data quality and with direct comparison to untreated counterparts. Hydrophilic inorganic surface modifications including silica, alumina/alumina hydroxide depositions have been tested along with common hydrophilic and hydrophobic-organic surface treatments. The results for both pigmentary and nanoscale materials demonstrate similar behaviour and indicate limited impact of particle size, surface chemistry, surface charge and surface wettability on observed pulmonary or oral toxicity effects. The low intrinsic toxicity of the TiO2 base particle and evaluated surface modifications may account for the observed outcomes. A few published studies have drawn different conclusions; however, these were either not conducted using commercial TiO2 samples (with surface coatings), had several confounding variables to investigate, or were carried out using mouse strains. The differences in experimental designs are described. The identified pulmonary and oral toxicity studies largely indicate that surface modifications and particle size alone have little or no impact on the lung toxicity of TiO2 particles, following pulmonary exposures when all constituent materials are comprised of chemicals of low specific toxicity particles. In addition, based upon the results of 2 oral toxicity studies, one with surface treated TiO2 particles (OECD 408) and one without surface treated (OECD 407) TiO2 particles, there appears to have been no adverse impact on toxicity with the surface-coated material, as both studies produced no adverse effects at the very high doses tested.
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Hurbánková M, Volkovová K, Wimmerová S, Henčeková D, Moricová Š. Respiratory toxicity of TiO 2 nanoparticles after intravenous instillation: an experimental study. Cent Eur J Public Health 2018; 26:177-182. [PMID: 30419618 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nanomaterials are materials consisting of particles having one or more dimensions smaller than 100 nm. Nanoparticles (NP) have different properties and effects in comparison with the same particle materials of larger size. They can penetrate through various membranes and get from the bloodstream to other organs in the body. Therefore, in our experiment we have dealt with the impact of nanoparticles TiO2 instilled intravenously (i.v.) (to a tail vein of an animal) on the selected parameters of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). The aim of our study was to determine whether TiO2 nanoparticles do pass through the vascular system to the respiratory tract, and if so, how they affect the selected inflammatory and cytotoxic parameters of bronchoalveolar lavage. METHODS Wistar rats were intravenously given a suspension of TiO2 nanoparticles in saline solution. This suspension contained 10% volume of rat serum in dose: 1.0% from LD50 = 0.592 mg/kg of animal body weight. After the time intervals 1, 7, 14 and 28 days, the animals were sacrificed under anaesthesia; bronchoalveolar lavage was performed and the BAL cells were isolated. We have examined these markers: differential count of BAL cells - alveolar macrophages (AM), polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL), lymphocytes (Ly); viability and phagocytic activity of AM; proportion of immature cells and cathepsin D enzyme levels. RESULTS Regarding the respiratory toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles we have found that TiO2 nanoparticles are relatively inert. BAL examined parameters (except the immature form of AM) were not significantly changed after 28 days of instillation compared to the control group. We found that the TiO2 nanoparticles used in our study were transferred from the bloodstream to the respiratory tract, but in a 28-day phase after i.v. instillation have been largely eliminated by the defence mechanism from the respiratory tract. CONCLUSIONS We suggest low biopersistence and relatively rapid elimination of TiO2 nanoparticles from the lung under used experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Hurbánková
- Laboratory of Respiratory Toxicology, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Soňa Wimmerová
- Laboratory of Respiratory Toxicology, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Danica Henčeková
- Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Štefánia Moricová
- Laboratory of Respiratory Toxicology, Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Dhupal M, Oh JM, Tripathy DR, Kim SK, Koh SB, Park KS. Immunotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles via simultaneous induction of apoptosis and multiple toll-like receptors signaling through ROS-dependent SAPK/JNK and p38 MAPK activation. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:6735-6750. [PMID: 30425486 PMCID: PMC6204851 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s176087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) represent a scientific breakthrough in the areas of biological and medicinal applications. Interaction of TiO2 NPs with components of innate immune system remains elusive. AIM This study explored in vitro immunotoxicity of murine macrophage RAW 264.7 to TiO2 NPs (20 nm, negative charge) and its underlying molecular mechanism by way of immunoredox profiling. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, chemically synthesized BSA-functionalized TiO2 NPs (20 nm, negative charge) were characterized and immunotoxicity was investigated on RAW 264.7 cells. RESULTS We found that reactive oxygen species levels significantly increased with increasing nitric oxide production, whereas depleting endogenous antioxidant super oxide dismutase as well as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein levels. Furthermore, NPs exposure increased the expression of apoptotic factors such as BAX, BIM, and PUMA with disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) that lead to decrease in immunocytes. Molecular immune profiling revealed the activation of multiple toll-like receptors (TLRs) 4/9/12/13 simultaneously with the phosphorylation of p-p38MAPK and p-SAPK/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) compared to untreated control. CONCLUSION Collectively, this study shows that the molecular nature of TiO2 SA20(-) NP-induced immunotoxicity in RAW 264.7 macrophage is simultaneous induction of immunocyte apoptosis and multiple TLRs signaling through oxidative stress-dependent SAPK/JNK and p38 mitogen-associated protein kinase activation. This is the first study to address newer molecular mechanism of TiO2 SA20(-) NP-induced immunotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusmita Dhupal
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea,
| | - Jae-Min Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Medical Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Soo-Ki Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea,
| | - Sang Baek Koh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Sang Park
- Department of Physiology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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29
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Zeman T, Loh EW, Čierný D, Šerý O. Penetration, distribution and brain toxicity of titanium nanoparticles in rodents' body: a review. IET Nanobiotechnol 2018; 12:695-700. [PMID: 30104440 PMCID: PMC8676074 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2017.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been vastly used commercially, especially as white pigment in paints, colorants, plastics, coatings, cosmetics. Certain industrial uses TiO2 in diameter <100 nm. There are three common exposure routes for TiO2: (i) inhalation exposure, (ii) exposure via gastrointestinal tract, (iii) dermal exposure. Inhalation and gastrointestinal exposure appear to be the most probable ways of exposure, although nanoparticle (NP) penetration is limited. However, the penetration rate may increase substantially when the tissue is impaired. When TiO2 NPs migrate into the circulatory system, they can be distributed into all tissues including brain. In brain, TiO2 lead to oxidative stress mediated by the microglia phagocytic cells which respond to TiO2 NPs by the production and release of superoxide radicals that convert to multiple reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS production may also cause the damage of blood-brain barrier which then becomes more permeable for NPs. Moreover, several studies have showed neuron degradation and the impairment of spatial recognition memory and learning abilities in laboratory rodent exposed to TiO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Zeman
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - El-Wui Loh
- Center for Evidence - based Health Care, Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, No. 291, Zhongzheng Road, Zhonghe District, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Čierný
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Kollárova 2, 03659 Martin, Slovak Republic
| | - Omar Šerý
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Pathological Physiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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30
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Chaurasiya B, Zhou M, Tu J, Sun C. Design and validation of a simple device for insufflation of dry powders in a mice model. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 123:495-501. [PMID: 30098390 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of inhalational dry powders (DPs) to the lung of mice is pivotal for pre-clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic investigations. Although several devices have been reported, their application is always limited by many factors, including complicated design, high price, commercially discontinued status, as well as requirement of special skills. Here, we have introduced a simple device for non-invasive and precise delivery of DPs in mice. We set up the self-made device using a 20 G cannula tube and a 1 mL syringe. Subsequently, it was validated in terms for proper installation, delivery of dry powder and safety. Taken together, we believe that this device will be helpful in pre-clinical studies, especially in laboratory experiments, for respiratory drug delivery in small animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birendra Chaurasiya
- Center for Research Development and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients and Generic Drugs, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Muye Zhou
- Center for Research Development and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients and Generic Drugs, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiasheng Tu
- Center for Research Development and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients and Generic Drugs, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Chunmeng Sun
- Center for Research Development and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients and Generic Drugs, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Siddiqi KS, Husen A. Plant Response to Engineered Metal Oxide Nanoparticles. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:92. [PMID: 28168616 PMCID: PMC5293712 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-1861-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
All metal oxide nanoparticles influence the growth and development of plants. They generally enhance or reduce seed germination, shoot/root growth, biomass production and physiological and biochemical activities. Some plant species have not shown any physiological change, although significant variations in antioxidant enzyme activity and upregulation of heat shock protein have been observed. Plants have evolved antioxidant defence mechanism which involves enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic components to prevent oxidative damage and enhance plant resistance to metal oxide toxicity. The exact mechanism of plant defence against the toxicity of nanomaterials has not been fully explored. The absorption and translocation of metal oxide nanoparticles in different parts of the plant depend on their bioavailability, concentration, solubility and exposure time. Further, these nanoparticles may reach other organisms, animals and humans through food chain which may alter the entire biodiversity. This review attempts to summarize the plant response to a number of metal oxide nanoparticles and their translocation/distribution in root/shoot. The toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles has also been considered to see if they affect the production of seeds, fruits and the plant biomass as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azamal Husen
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, PO Box #196, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Yan Z, Wang W, Wu Y, Wang W, Li B, Liang N, Wu W. Zinc oxide nanoparticle-induced atherosclerotic alterations in vitro and in vivo. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:4433-4442. [PMID: 28652743 PMCID: PMC5476650 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s134897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are currently being produced in high tonnage. Exposure to ZnO-NPs presents potential risks to cardiovascular system. Thus far, the toxicological effects of ZnO-NPs on cardiovascular system have not been well characterized. In this study, human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) were exposed to ZnO-NPs directly or indirectly using a transwell coculture system with human alveolar epithelial cell line A549 to mimic the lung/circulation interaction. It was shown that levels of proinflammatory mediators (interleukin-8 [IL-8] and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) and biomarkers of atherosclerogenesis (heme oxygenase-1 [HO-1] and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecules-1 [PECAM-1]) in the supernatants of culture media were significantly increased. Pretreatment of A549 cells on the apical side of the coculture system with the phagocytosis inhibitor cytochalasin B (CB) blocked ZnO-NP-induced HO-1 and PECAM-1 expression in HCAEC, indicating that endocytosis of ZnO-NPs by alveolar epithelial cells was involved in ZnO-NP-induced HO-1 or PECAM-1 expression in endothelial cells. Moreover, Wistar rats were intratracheally instilled with ZnO-NP suspension and high fat diet (positive control). ZnO-NP treatment induced lung and systemic inflammation, dyslipidemia, increased levels of serum HO-1 and PECAM-1, and aortic pathological damage. Taken together, exposure to ZnO-NPs could induce atherosclerotic alterations, which might involve phagocytosis of nanoparticles and inflammation in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining
| | - Yongjun Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining
| | - Bing Li
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Ning Liang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou
| | - Weidong Wu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People's Republic of China
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Lingabathula H, Yellu N. Assessment of pulmonary toxicity of gold nanorods following intra-tracheal instillation in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 52:248-254. [PMID: 28458070 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was aimed to evaluate the pulmonary toxicity of 10 and 25nm gold nanorods (GNRs) following intra-tracheal instillation in rats using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung histopathological analysis. The GNRs displayed that the dose-dependent toxicity via elevated lactate dehydrogenase leakage, alkaline phosphatase, lipid peroxidation and total microprotein levels in BAL fluids after 1day, 1 week and 1 month post exposure periods. All the parameters were returned to normal values after 3 months post exposure period may be due to recovery. The rat lung histopathology displayed that accumulation of macrophages, inflammatory response and tissue thickening for both sizes of GNRs. 10nm GNRs increased all BAL fluid parameters significantly following 1day, 1 week and 1 month post exposure periods whereas 25nm GNRs have shown similar effects but less extent. These investigations proposed that the dose and size dependent pulmonary toxicity of GNRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikiran Lingabathula
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana, 506009, India
| | - Narsimhareddy Yellu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Telangana, 506009, India.
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Abstract
With the fast development of nanotechnology, the nanomaterials start to cause people’s attention for potential toxic effect. In this paper, the cytotoxicity and oxidative stress caused by 20-nm cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles in cultured human lung cancer cells was investigated. The sulforhodamine B method was employed to assess cell viability after exposure to 3.5, 10.5, and 23.3 μg/ml of CeO2 nanoparticles for 24, 48, and 72 h. Cell viability decreased significantly as a function of nanoparticle dose and exposure time. Indicators of oxidative stress and cytotoxicity, including total reactive oxygen species, glutathione, malondialdehyde, α-tocopherol, and lactate dehydrogenase, were quantitatively assessed. It is concluded from the results that free radicals generated by exposure to 3.5 to 23.3 μg/ml CeO2 nanoparticles produce significant oxidative stress in the cells, as reflected by reduced glutathione and α-tocopherol levels; the toxic effects of CeO2 nanoparticles are dose dependent and time dependent; elevated oxidative stress increases the production of malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase, which are indicators of lipid peroxidation and cell membrane damage, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Research Center for Emerging Contaminants, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
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Rahman L, Wu D, Johnston M, William A, Halappanavar S. Toxicogenomics analysis of mouse lung responses following exposure to titanium dioxide nanomaterials reveal their disease potential at high doses. Mutagenesis 2016; 32:59-76. [PMID: 27760801 PMCID: PMC5180171 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gew048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) induce lung inflammation in experimental animals. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive toxicogenomic analysis of lung responses in mice exposed to six individual TiO2NPs exhibiting different sizes (8, 20 and 300nm), crystalline structure (anatase, rutile or anatase/rutile) and surface modifications (hydrophobic or hydrophilic) to investigate whether the mechanisms leading to TiO2NP-induced lung inflammation are property specific. A detailed histopathological analysis was conducted to investigate the long-term disease implications of acute exposure to TiO2NPs. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 18, 54, 162 or 486 µg of TiO2NPs/mouse via single intratracheal instillation. Controls were exposed to dispersion medium only. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were sampled on 1, 28 and 90 days post-exposure. Although all TiO2NPs induced lung inflammation as measured by the neutrophil influx in BALF, rutile-type TiO2NPs induced higher inflammation with the hydrophilic rutile TiO2NP showing the maximum increase. Accordingly, the rutile TiO2NPs induced higher number of differentially expressed genes. Histopathological analysis of lung sections on Day 90 post-exposure showed increased collagen staining and fibrosis-like changes following exposure to the rutile TiO2NPs at the highest dose tested. Among the anatase, the smallest TiO2NP of 8nm showed the maximum response. The anatase TiO2NP of 300nm was the least responsive of all. The results suggest that the severity of lung inflammation is property specific; however, the underlying mechanisms (genes and pathways perturbed) leading to inflammation were the same for all particle types. While the particle size clearly influenced the overall acute lung responses, a combination of small size, crystalline structure and hydrophilic surface contributed to the long-term pathological effects observed at the highest dose (486 µg/mouse). Although the dose at which the pathological changes were observed is considered physiologically high, the study highlights the disease potential of certain TiO2NPs of specific properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna Rahman
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Tunney's Pasture Bldg. 8, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada and
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Tunney's Pasture Bldg. 8, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada and
| | - Michael Johnston
- Centre for Biologics Evaluation, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Andrew William
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Tunney's Pasture Bldg. 8, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada and
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Tunney's Pasture Bldg. 8, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada and
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Brenner SA, Neu-Baker NM, Caglayan C, Zurbenko IG. Occupational exposure to airborne nanomaterials: An assessment of worker exposure to aerosolized metal oxide nanoparticles in a semiconductor fab and subfab. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2016; 13:D138-D147. [PMID: 27135871 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2016.1183012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This occupational exposure assessment study characterized potential inhalation exposures of workers to engineered nanomaterials associated with chemical mechanical planarization wafer polishing processes in a semiconductor research and development facility. Air sampling methodology was designed to capture airborne metal oxide nanoparticles for characterization. The research team obtained air samples in the fab and subfab areas using a combination of filter-based capture methods to determine particle morphology and elemental composition and real-time direct-reading instruments to determine airborne particle counts. Filter-based samples were analyzed by electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy while real-time particle counting data underwent statistical analysis. Sampling was conducted during worker tasks associated with preventive maintenance and quality control that were identified as having medium to high potential for inhalation exposure based on qualitative assessments. For each sampling event, data was collected for comparison between the background, task area, and personal breathing zone. Sampling conducted over nine months included five discrete sampling series events in coordination with on-site employees under real working conditions. The number of filter-based samples captured was: eight from worker personal breathing zones; seven from task areas; and five from backgrounds. A complementary suite of direct-reading instruments collected data for seven sample collection periods in the task area and six in the background. Engineered nanomaterials of interest (Si, Al, Ce) were identified in filter-based samples from all areas of collection, existing as agglomerates (>500 nm) and nanoparticles (100-500 nm). Particle counts showed an increase in number concentration above background during a subset of the job tasks, but particle counts in the task areas were otherwise not significantly higher than background. Additional data is needed to support further statistical analysis and determine trends; however, this initial investigation suggests that nanoparticles used or generated by the wafer polishing process become aerosolized and may be accessible for inhalation exposures by workers performing tasks in the subfab and fab. Additional research is needed to further quantify the degree of exposure and link these findings to related hazard research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Brenner
- a State University of New York (SUNY) Polytechnic Institute , College of Nanoscale Science, Nanobioscience Constellation , Albany , New York
| | - Nicole M Neu-Baker
- a State University of New York (SUNY) Polytechnic Institute , College of Nanoscale Science, Nanobioscience Constellation , Albany , New York
| | - Cihan Caglayan
- b Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health , University at Albany, State University of New York , Rensselaer , New York
| | - Igor G Zurbenko
- b Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health , University at Albany, State University of New York , Rensselaer , New York
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Kobayashi T, Oshima Y, Tsubokura Y, Hashizume N, Ajimi S, Kayashima T, Nakai M, Sasaki T, Kawaguchi K, Imatanaka N. Effects of dose volume and delivery device on bronchoalveolar lavage parameters of intratracheally administered nano-sized TiO 2 in rats. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 81:233-241. [PMID: 27586790 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The intratracheal (IT) test is useful for screening the pulmonary toxicity of inhaled materials, including nanomaterials. However, a standard procedure has not yet been authorized internationally, and the effects of different test parameters are unknown. To determine appropriate experimental conditions for the IT test, we intratracheally administered nano-sized TiO2 to male F344 rats at 3.0 mg/kg body weight by using two delivery devices (gavage needle or microaerosolizer) and dose volumes of 0.5-3.0 mL/kg (gavage needle) or 0.5-2.0 mL/kg (microaerosolizer). We evaluated the pulmonary deposition and interlobar distribution of TiO2 at both 30 min and 3 days after administration. In addition, the inflammatory components in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were measured 3 days after administration of TiO2. At dose volumes of 0.5-2.0 mL/kg, the BAL values were comparable regardless of the device used. In addition, pulmonary TiO2 burden and lobar concentration patterns were equivalent at all combinations of dose volume and delivery device. In conclusion, the acute pulmonary toxicity of nanomaterials can be assessed effectively by using an IT test in which the test agent is provided to rats at a dose volume of 0.5-2.0 mL/kg with either a gavage needle or microaerosolizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Kobayashi
- CERI Hita, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 3-822, Ishii-machi, Hita-shi, Oita, 877-0061, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Oshima
- CERI Hita, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 3-822, Ishii-machi, Hita-shi, Oita, 877-0061, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tsubokura
- CERI Hita, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 3-822, Ishii-machi, Hita-shi, Oita, 877-0061, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashizume
- CERI Kurume, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 3-2-7, Miyanojin, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, 839-0801, Japan
| | - Shozo Ajimi
- CERI Hita, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 3-822, Ishii-machi, Hita-shi, Oita, 877-0061, Japan
| | - Takakazu Kayashima
- Chemical Biotesting Center, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 1-4-25, Kouraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-0004, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakai
- Chemicals Assessment and Research Center, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 1-4-25, Kouraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-0004, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawaguchi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuya Imatanaka
- Chemicals Assessment and Research Center, Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 1-4-25, Kouraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-0004, Japan
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Hashizume N, Oshima Y, Nakai M, Kobayashi T, Sasaki T, Kawaguchi K, Honda K, Gamo M, Yamamoto K, Tsubokura Y, Ajimi S, Inoue Y, Imatanaka N. Categorization of nano-structured titanium dioxide according to physicochemical characteristics and pulmonary toxicity. Toxicol Rep 2016; 3:490-500. [PMID: 28959572 PMCID: PMC5615941 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A potentially useful means of predicting the pulmonary risk posed by new forms of nano-structured titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) is to use the associations between the physicochemical properties and pulmonary toxicity of characterized forms of TiO2. In the present study, we conducted intratracheal administration studies in rats to clarify the associations between the physicochemical characteristics of seven characterized forms of TiO2 and their acute or subacute pulmonary inflammatory toxicity. Examination of the associations between the physicochemical characteristics of the TiO2 and the pulmonary inflammatory responses they induced revealed (1) that differences in the crystallinity or shape of the TiO2 particles were not associated with the acute pulmonary inflammatory response; (2) that particle size was associated with the acute pulmonary inflammatory response; and (3) that TiO2 particles coated with Al(OH)3 induced a greater pulmonary inflammatory response than did non-coated particles. We separated the seven TiO2 into two groups: a group containing the six TiO2 with no surface coating and a group containing the one TiO2 with a surface coating. Intratracheal administration to rats of TiO2 from the first group (i.e., non-coated TiO2) induced only acute pulmonary inflammatory responses, and within this group, the acute pulmonary inflammatory response was equivalent when the particle size was the same, regardless of crystallinity or shape. In contrast, intratracheal administration to rats of the TiO2 from the second group (i.e., the coated TiO2) induced a more severe, subacute pulmonary inflammatory response compared with that produced by the non-coated TiO2. Since alteration of the pulmonary inflammatory response by surface treatment may depend on the coating material used, the pulmonary toxicities of coated TiO2 need to be further evaluated. Overall, the present results demonstrate that physicochemical properties may be useful for predicting the pulmonary risk posed by new nano-TiO2 materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Hashizume
- Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Kurume, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Oshima
- Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Hita, Hita-shi, Oita, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakai
- Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, Chemicals Assessment and Research Center, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Kobayashi
- Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Hita, Hita-shi, Oita, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawaguchi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Honda
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masashi Gamo
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tsubokura
- Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Hita, Hita-shi, Oita, Japan
| | - Shozo Ajimi
- Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Hita, Hita-shi, Oita, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Inoue
- Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Kurume, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuya Imatanaka
- Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, Chemicals Assessment and Research Center, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Morimoto Y, Izumi H, Yoshiura Y, Fujishima K, Yatera K, Yamamoto K. Usefulness of Intratracheal Instillation Studies for Estimating Nanoparticle-Induced Pulmonary Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17020165. [PMID: 26828483 PMCID: PMC4783899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhalation studies are the gold standard for the estimation of the harmful effects of respirable chemical substances, while there is limited evidence of the harmful effects of chemical substances by intratracheal instillation. We reviewed the effectiveness of intratracheal instillation studies for estimating the hazards of nanoparticles, mainly using papers in which both inhalation and intratracheal instillation studies were performed using the same nanoparticles. Compared to inhalation studies, there is a tendency in intratracheal instillation studies that pulmonary inflammation lasted longer in the lungs. A difference in pulmonary inflammation between high and low toxicity nanoparticles was observed in the intratracheal instillation studies, as in the inhalation studies. Among the endpoints of pulmonary toxicity, the kinetics of neutrophil counts, percentage of neutrophils, and chemokines for neutrophils and macrophages, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), reflected pulmonary inflammation, suggesting that these markers may be considered the predictive markers of pulmonary toxicity in both types of study. When comparing pulmonary inflammation between intratracheal instillation and inhalation studies under the same initial lung burden, there is a tendency that the inflammatory response following the intratracheal instillation of nanoparticles is greater than or equal to that following the inhalation of nanoparticles. If the difference in clearance in both studies is not large, the estimations of pulmonary toxicity are close. We suggest that intratracheal instillation studies can be useful for ranking the hazard of nanoparticles through pulmonary inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Morimoto
- Department of Occupational Pneumology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Science, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Hiroto Izumi
- Department of Occupational Pneumology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Science, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Yoshiura
- Department of Occupational Pneumology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Science, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Kei Fujishima
- Department of Occupational Pneumology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Science, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Yatera
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
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Arora S, Haghi M, Young PM, Kappl M, Traini D, Jain S. Highly respirable dry powder inhalable formulation of voriconazole with enhanced pulmonary bioavailability. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 13:183-93. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2016.1114603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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41
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Morimoto Y, Izumi H, Yoshiura Y, Tomonaga T, Lee BW, Okada T, Oyabu T, Myojo T, Kawai K, Yatera K, Shimada M, Kubo M, Yamamoto K, Kitajima S, Kuroda E, Horie M, Kawaguchi K, Sasaki T. Comparison of pulmonary inflammatory responses following intratracheal instillation and inhalation of nanoparticles. Nanotoxicology 2015; 10:607-18. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1104740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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42
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Leppänen M, Korpi A, Yli-Pirilä P, Lehto M, Wolff H, Kosma VM, Alenius H, Pasanen P. Negligible respiratory irritation and inflammation potency of pigmentary TiO2 in mice. Inhal Toxicol 2015; 27:378-86. [PMID: 26176585 DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2015.1056890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is manufactured in millions of tons yearly, and it is used widely as pigment in various applications. Until recently, TiO2 was considered toxicologically harmless and without adverse health effects. In this study, respiratory irritation and inflammation potencies of commercially available pigmentary TiO2 particles (<5 µm, rutile) were studied. Single head-only exposures (30 min) of male Crl:OF1 mice at mass concentrations 6, 11, 21, and 37 mg/m3, and repeated exposures (altogether 16 h, 1 h/day, 4 days/week for 4 weeks) of female BALB/c/Sca mice at mass concentration of 16 mg/m3 to pigmentary TiO2 were conducted. Minor sensory irritation was observed during acute and repeated exposures seen as elongation of the break after the inhalation, which is typical in sensory irritation, and caused by closure of the glottis inhibiting airflow from the lungs after inspiration. No pulmonary irritation, airflow limitation, nasal or pulmonary inflammation was observed. In conclusion, the respiratory irritation and inflammation potencies of the studied pigmentary TiO2 particles seemed to be low and thus can serve as an ideal control exposure agent in short-term studies in mice.
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Dubey A, Goswami M, Yadav K, Chaudhary D. Oxidative Stress and Nano-Toxicity Induced by TiO2 and ZnO on WAG Cell Line. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127493. [PMID: 26011447 PMCID: PMC4444277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles are widely used in cosmetics, food products and textile industry. These particles are known to cause respiratory toxicity and epithelial inflammation. They are eventually released to aquatic environment necessitating toxicity studies in cells from respiratory organs of aquatic organisms. Hence, we have developed and characterized a new cell line, WAG, from gill tissue of Wallago attu for toxicity assessment of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles. The efficacy of the cell line as an in vitro system for nanoparticles toxicity studies was established using electron microscopy, cytotoxicity assays, genotoxicity assays and oxidative stress biomarkers. Results obtained with MTT assay, neutral red uptake assay and lactate dehydrogenase assay showed acute toxicity to WAG cells with IC50 values of 25.29 ± 0.12, 34.99 ± 0.09 and 35.06 ± 0.09 mg/l for TiO2 and 5.716 ± 0.1, 3.160 ± 0.1 and 5.57 ± 0.12 mg/l for ZnO treatment respectively. The physicochemical properties and size distribution of nanoparticles were characterized using electron microscopy with integrated energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Zetasizer. Dose dependent increase in DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation along with a significant decrease in activity of Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase, total Glutathione levels and total antioxidant capacity with increasing concentration of exposed nanoparticles indicated that the cells were under oxidative stress. The study established WAG cell line as an in vitro system to study toxicity mechanisms of nanoparticles on aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Dubey
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mukunda Goswami
- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- * E-mail:
| | - Kamalendra Yadav
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
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Noël A, Truchon G. Inhaled Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: A Review of Their Pulmonary Responses with Particular Focus on the Agglomeration State. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793984414500081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology represents major scientific and economic issues for the future. TiO 2 is used as a reference nanoparticle (NP) for research and workplace exposure assessments due to its important industrial production. However, to date little consistent information exists about its human health effects. Approximately 50% of all TiO 2in vivo studies targeting the respiratory tract have been by inhalation and these exposures are often in the form of agglomerates rather than as individual NPs. Therefore, the size of the NP agglomerates represents the effective size interacting with the biological material and could thereby influence the NP mechanisms of action. Thus, interpretation of nanotoxicological data without considering the agglomeration state could partly explain the heterogeneous results found in the scientific literature for TiO 2 NPs. The objective of this review is to examine the literature concerning the importance of TiO 2 aerosol characterization in the assessment of pulmonary toxicity in rodents. In this way, this review reveals that the pulmonary responses following inhalation of TiO 2 NPs might not depend solely on the primary NP size, but also on the crystal phase, the NP agglomerate size, its structure and the mass concentration. It also shows that TiO 2 NPs may exert their toxicity mechanisms specifically because of the size of their agglomerates in aerosols, thus supporting the concept that aerosols composed essentially of small (< 100 nm) or large (> 100 nm) NP agglomerates do not seem to follow the same pulmonary toxicity mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Noël
- Département de santé environnementale et de santé au travail, Institut de recherche en santé publique, Université de Montréal, C. P. 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal (Québec) H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Ginette Truchon
- Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST), 505 Boul. De Maisonneuve Ouest, Montréal (Québec) H3A 3C2, Canada
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45
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Shandilya N, Le Bihan O, Bressot C, Morgeneyer M. Emission of titanium dioxide nanoparticles from building materials to the environment by wear and weather. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:2163-2170. [PMID: 25590625 DOI: 10.1021/es504710p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we investigate the effect of weathering duration on a commercial photocatalytic nanocoating on the basis of its nanoparticle emission tendency into two media, air and water. It is found that increased weathering duration results in stepwise structural deterioration of the nanocoating, which in turn decreases the nanocoating life, changes the nanocoating removal mechanism, and increases the particle emission concentration. Emission of free TiO2 nanoparticles is found to be weathering duration dependent. Three quantities are introduced: emission transition pace (ETP), stable emission level (SEL), and stable emission duration (SED). By linear extrapolation of these quantities from short weathering durations, complete failure of the nanocoatings can be predicted and, moreover, the potential increase of nanoparticles release into the air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Shandilya
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques , Parc Technologique Alata BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
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Wang J, Fan Y. Lung injury induced by TiO2 nanoparticles depends on their structural features: size, shape, crystal phases, and surface coating. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:22258-78. [PMID: 25479073 PMCID: PMC4284706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151222258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, a variety of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are being produced. Nanotoxicology has become a hot topic in many fields, as researchers attempt to elucidate the potential adverse health effects of NPs. The biological activity of NPs strongly depends on physicochemical parameters but these are not routinely considered in toxicity screening, such as dose metrics. In this work, nanoscale titanium dioxide (TiO2), one of the most commonly produced and widely used NPs, is put forth as a representative. The correlation between the lung toxicity and pulmonary cell impairment related to TiO2 NPs and its unusual structural features, including size, shape, crystal phases, and surface coating, is reviewed in detail. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in pulmonary inflammation in response to the properties of TiO2 NPs is also briefly described. To fully understand the potential biological effects of NPs in toxicity screening, we highly recommend that the size, crystal phase, dispersion and agglomeration status, surface coating, and chemical composition should be most appropriately characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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47
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Lu X, Zhu T, Chen C, Liu Y. Right or left: the role of nanoparticles in pulmonary diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:17577-600. [PMID: 25268624 PMCID: PMC4227179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151017577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the rapid development of the nanotechnology industry in the last decade, nanoparticles (NPs) are omnipresent in our everyday life today. Many nanomaterials have been engineered for medical purposes. These purposes include therapy for pulmonary diseases. On other hand, people are endeavoring to develop nanomaterials for improvement or replacement of traditional therapies. On the other hand, nanoparticles, as foreign material in human bodies, are reported to have potential adverse effects on the lung, including oxidase stress, inflammation, fibrosis and genotoxicity. Further, these damages could induce pulmonary diseases and even injuries in other tissues. It seems that nanoparticles may exert two-sided effects. Toxic effects of nanomaterials should be considered when their use is developed for therapies. Hence this review will attempt to summarize the two-side roles of nanoparticles in both therapies for pulmonary diseases and initiation of lung diseases and even secondary diseases caused by lung injuries. Determinants of these effects such as physicochemical properties of nanoparticles will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Tao Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China.
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China.
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Yin J, Kang C, Li Y, Li Q, Zhang X, Li W. Aerosol inhalation exposure study of respiratory toxicity induced by 20 nm anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00040d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Zhang Y, Mikhaylova L, Kobzik L, Fedulov AV. Estrogen-mediated impairment of macrophageal uptake of environmental TiO2 particles to explain inflammatory effect of TiO2 on airways during pregnancy. J Immunotoxicol 2014; 12:81-91. [PMID: 24825546 DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2014.899411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate defenses against environmental particulate exposures can become deficient when physiological background of the organism is unbalanced. Even those exposures considered innocuous may then become harmful. For example, one of the important inherent risks of pregnancy is increased inflammatory responsiveness in the airways, which extends to exposures considered otherwise innocuous: it has been observed that normally "inert" particulates become inflammatory in pregnancy. They lead to enhanced airway inflammation associated with increased asthma risk in the offspring in the BALB/c model. It was hypothesized that pregnancy hormones alter macrophageal uptake and clearance of particles. This study shows that the phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages (AM) and RAW264.7 cells against titanium dioxide (TiO2) was inhibited in pregnancy by ∼ 10% and in vitro by estradiol by ∼ 20%; progesterone potentiated this effect. Hence, enhanced inflammation in pregnancy as an outcome of exposure to the "inert" TiO2 may be due to an effect of pregnancy hormones which decrease the ability of the airways to clear the particles. AM (at 10(6) cells/recipient) isogenically transplanted from pregnant mothers into airways of recipients were able to confer the phenotype of inflammatory response to TiO2 (PMN counts of 1.62 [± 0.19] × 10(5)/ml versus 0.61 [± 0.13] × 10(5)/ml in control). Because this small amount of transferred AM could not replace the AM population in the recipients' lungs, it is postulated that the effect is mediated by inhibitory signaling factors that AM produce and release; hence, a list of probable molecules was identified via genome-wide microarray.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA and
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Leppänen M, Korpi A, Mikkonen S, Yli-Pirilä P, Lehto M, Pylkkänen L, Wolff H, Kosma VM, Alenius H, Joutsensaari J, Pasanen P. Inhaled silica-coated TiO2nanoparticles induced airway irritation, airflow limitation and inflammation in mice. Nanotoxicology 2014; 9:210-8. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.914260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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