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Chauhan R, Dande S, Hood DB, Chirwa SS, Langston MA, Grady SK, Dojcsak L, Tabatabai M, Wilus D, Valdez RB, Al-Hamdan MZ, Im W, McCallister M, Alcendor DJ, Mouton CP, Ramesh A. Particulate matter 2.5 (PM 2.5) - associated cognitive impairment and morbidity in humans and animal models: a systematic review. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2025; 28:233-263. [PMID: 39827081 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2025.2450354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) is one of the criteria air pollutants that (1) serve as an essential carrier of airborne toxicants arising from combustion-related events including emissions from industries, automobiles, and wildfires and (2) play an important role in transient to long-lasting cognitive dysfunction as well as several other neurological disorders. A systematic review was conducted to address differences in study design and various biochemical and molecular markers employed to elucidate neurological disorders in PM2.5 -exposed humans and animal models. Out of 340,068 scientific publications screened from 7 databases, 312 studies were identified that targeted the relationship between exposure to PM2.5 and cognitive dysfunction. Equivocal evidence was identified from pre-clinical (animal model) and human studies that PM2.5 exposure contributes to dementia, Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, depression, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and neurodevelopment. In addition, there was substantial evidence from human studies that PM2.5 also was associated with Alzheimer's disease, anxiety, neuropathy, and brain tumors. The role of exposome in characterizing neurobehavioral anomalies and opportunities available to leverage the neuroexposome initiative for conducting longitudinal studies is discussed. Our review also provided some areas that warrant consideration, one of which is unraveling the role of microbiome, and the other role of climate change in PM2.5 exposure-induced neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Susmitha Dande
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Darryl B Hood
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sanika S Chirwa
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael A Langston
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Stephen K Grady
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Levente Dojcsak
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Mohammad Tabatabai
- Department of Public Health, School of Global Health, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Derek Wilus
- Department of Public Health, School of Global Health, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - R Burciaga Valdez
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mohammad Z Al-Hamdan
- National Center for Computational Hydroscience and Engineering (NCCHE) and Department of Civil Engineering and Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Wansoo Im
- Department of Public Health, School of Global Health, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Monique McCallister
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Life & Physical Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Donald J Alcendor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Charles P Mouton
- Department of Family Medicine, John Sealy School of Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Aramandla Ramesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
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Holme JA, Myhre O, Øvrevik J. Adverse neurodevelopment in children associated with prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) - Possible roles of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and mechanisms involved. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 130:108718. [PMID: 39276806 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to ambient fine particles (PM2.5) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been associated with adverse birth outcomes including neurodevelopmental effects with cognitive and/or behavioral implications in early childhood. As a background we first briefly summarize human studies on PM2.5 and PAHs associated with adverse birth outcomes and modified neurodevelopment. Next, we add more specific information from animal studies and in vitro studies and elucidate possible biological mechanisms. More specifically we focus on the potential role of PAHs attached to PM2.5 and explore whether effects of these compounds may arise from disturbance of placental function or more directly by interfering with neurodevelopmental processes in the fetal brain. Possible molecular initiating events (MIEs) include interactions with cellular receptors such as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), beta-adrenergic receptors (βAR) and transient receptor potential (TRP)-channels resulting in altered gene expression. MIE linked to the binding of PAHs to cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and formation of reactive electrophilic metabolites are likely less important. The experimental animal and in vitro studies support the epidemiological findings and suggest steps involved in mechanistic pathways explaining the associations. An overall evaluation of the doses/concentrations used in experimental studies combined with the mechanistic understanding further supports the hypothesis that prenatal PAHs exposure may cause adverse outcomes (AOs) linked to human neurodevelopment. Several MIEs will likely occur simultaneously in various cells/tissues involving several key events (KEs) which relative importance will depend on dose, time, tissue, genetics, other environmental factors, and neurodevelopmental endpoint in study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørn A Holme
- Department of Air quality and Noise, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box PO Box 222 Skøyen, Oslo 0213, Norway.
| | - Oddvar Myhre
- Department of Chemical Toxicology, Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222 Skøyen, Oslo 0213, Norway
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066 Blindern, Oslo 0316, Norway; Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222 Skøyen, Oslo 0213, Norway
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3
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Dai S, Luo M, Jiang T, Lu M, Zhou X, Zhu S, Han X, Yang F, Wang H, Xu D. Dexamethasone as an emerging environmental pollutant: Disruption of cholesterol-dependent synaptogenesis in the hippocampus and subsequent neurobehavioral impacts in offspring. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 192:109064. [PMID: 39413532 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.109064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024]
Abstract
When fetuses are exposed to abnormally high levels of glucocorticoids in utero, irreversible damage to neuronal synaptogenesis occurs, leading to long-term cognitive and emotional behavioral abnormalities after birth. In this study, we investigated how maternal exposure to a novel environmental pollutant-synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone-affects offspring cognitive and emotional behaviors enduringly. We noted that offspring subjected to maternal dexamethasone exposure (MDE) displayed cognitive and emotional neurobehavioral deficits beginning in infancy, and these impairments persisted into adulthood. The principal mechanism involves MDE-induced damage to hippocampal neuronal synapse formation in the offspring, primarily due to a cholesterol deficiency which destabilizes neuronal membranes, thereby affecting normal synapse formation and ultimately leading to cognitive and emotional deficiencies. Specifically, we demonstrated abnormal activation of glucocorticoid receptors in hippocampal astroglial cells of MDE offspring, which triggers changes in the miR-450a-3p/HAT1/ABCG1 signaling axis, causing impaired cholesterol efflux in astroglial cells and insufficient cholesterol supply to neurons, further impairing synaptogenesis. This research not only underscores the significant impact of prenatal environmental pollutants on long-term health outcomes in offspring but also broadens our understanding of how prenatal exposure to glucocorticoids affects brain development in the progeny, providing new insights for interventions in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders of fetal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Dai
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular Medications, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mingcui Luo
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Mengxi Lu
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xinli Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Sen Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiaoyi Han
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Tartaglione AM, Racca A, Ricceri L. Developmental exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): Focus on benzo[a]pyrene neurotoxicity. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 119:108394. [PMID: 37164061 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of ubiquitous organic compounds produced during the incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic material. Dietary source is the main route for PAH human exposure by environmental contamination, food industrial processing or domestic cooking methods. The most studied PAH is benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), due to its harmful and multiple effects on human health: in addition to its well-known carcinogenic effects, emerging evidence indicates that B[a]P also induces neurotoxicity earlier and at lower doses than B[a]P-induced carcinogenicity making B[a]P neurotoxicity relevant to human health risk assessment. Developmental neurotoxicity of B[a]P has indeed received increasing attention: both human and experimental studies provide evidence of detrimental effects of prenatal or early postnatal B[a]P exposure, even at low doses. Indeed, in some of the multi-dose animal studies, maximal adverse effects were observed at lower B[a]P doses, according to a non-monotonic dose-response curve typical of endocrine-disrupting compounds. In substantial agreement with epidemiological studies, both rodents and zebrafish developmentally exposed to B[a]P exhibit long-term changes in multiple behavioural domains, in the absence of overt toxicological effects at birth (e.g. body weight and morphologic abnormalities). Notably, most targeted behavioural responses converge on locomotor activity and emotional profile, often, but not always, leading to a disinhibitory/hyperactive profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Tartaglione
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Racca
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Ricceri
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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5
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Gao CJ, Yang F, Wu B, Liang Y, Qin YY, Guo Y. A pilot study of several environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals in children with autism spectrum disorder in south China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:964. [PMID: 37462787 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11570-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is a group of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. Evidence has implied that environmental pollutants are important factors related to ASD. In this study, several environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including parabens, benzophenone-type ultraviolet filters, hydroxyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, triclosan and tetrabromobisphenol A were analyzed in blood plasma in ASD children (n = 34) and the control children (n = 28). The results showed that parabens were the most concentrated chemicals (2.18 ng/mL, median value), followed by hydroxyl polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (0.73 ng/mL), benzophenone-type ultraviolet filters (0.14 ng/mL), triclosan (0.13 ng/mL) and tetrabromobisphenol A (0.03 ng/mL). ASD children accumulated significantly lower 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 4-hydroxybenzophenone and triclosan but higher 2-hydroxyphenanthrene and tetrabromobisphenol A than the control children (0.02/0.09 ng/mL of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, p < 0.05; 0.04/0.07 ng/mL of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, p < 0.05; 0.03/0.04 ng/mL of 4-hydroxybenzophenone, p < 0.05; 0.13/1.22 ng/mL of triclosan, p < 0.01; 0.03 ng/mL/not detected of 2-hydroxyphenanthrene, p < 0.05; 0.03/0.004 ng/mL of tetrabromobisphenol A, p < 0.05). Gender differences in certain environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals were evident, and the differences were more inclined toward boys. Positive associations between 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone and triclosan, and tetrabromobisphenol A and 2-hydroxyphenanthrene were found in ASD boys. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the adjusted odds ratio value of 2-hydroxyphenanthrene in ASD boys was 11.0 (1.45-84.0, p < 0.05). This is the first pilot study on multiple environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals in children with ASD in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Jing Gao
- College of Biological and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, 315100, China.
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Feng Yang
- Speech Therapy Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Binbin Wu
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yan-Yan Qin
- School of Medical Technology and Nursing, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Ying Guo
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Stiefel C, Stintzing F. Endocrine-active and endocrine-disrupting compounds in food – occurrence, formation and relevance. NFS JOURNAL 2023; 31:57-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2025]
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Zhang Y, Du L, Yan J, Bai Q, Niu Q, Mo Y, Zhang Q, Nie J. Prenatal benzo[a]pyrene exposure impairs hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in SD rat offspring during adolescence and adulthood via HDAC2-mediated histone deacetylation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 246:114180. [PMID: 36265406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a widespread carcinogenic pollutant in the environment. Although previous studies have demonstrated the neurodevelopmental toxicity of B[a]P, the precise mechanisms underlying the neurotoxic effects induced by prenatal B[a]P exposure remain largely unknown. In the present study, pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were injected intraperitoneally with 0, 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg-bw of B[a]P for three consecutive days on embryonic days 17-19. The learning and memory abilities of offspring were determined by Morris Water Maze (MWM) test, while the number of dendritic branches and the density of dendritic spines in hippocampal CA1 and DG regions were evaluated by Golgi-Cox staining at PND 45 and PND 75. The mRNA expression of BDNF, PSD-95, and SYP in offspring hippocampus were detected by qRT-PCR, and the protein expression of BDNF, PSD-95, SYP, HDAC2, acH3K9, and acH3K14 were measured by Western blotting or immunohistochemistry. CHIP-PCR was performed to further detect the levels of acH3K9 and acH3K14 in the promoter regions of BDNF and PSD-95 genes. Our results showed that rats prenatally exposed to B[a]P exhibited impaired spatial learning and memory abilities and the number of dendritic branches and the density of dendritic spines in the hippocampal CA1 and DG regions were significantly reduced during adolescence and adulthood. The expression of HDAC2 protein was significantly upregulated, while acH3K9, acH3K14, BDNF, PSD-95, and SYP protein levels were significantly downregulated in the hippocampus of B[a]P- exposed rats. In addition, CHIP results showed that prenatal B[a]P exposure markedly decreased the level of acH3K9 and acH3K14 in the promoter region of BDNF and PSD-95 gene in the hippocampus of PND 45 and PND 75 offspring. All of the results suggest that prenatal B[a]P exposure impairs cognitive function and hippocampal synaptic plasticity of offspring in adolescence and adulthood, and HDAC2-mediated histone deacetylation plays a crucial role in these deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China; Shanxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disease Prevention and Treatment, Datong, Shanxi 037003, PR China
| | - Linhu Du
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Jinhua Yan
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Qianxiang Bai
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Qiao Niu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China
| | - Yiqun Mo
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40209, USA
| | - Qunwei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40209, USA
| | - Jisheng Nie
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, PR China.
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Li P, Yang Q, Li Y, Han Y, Qu Z, Gao L, Cui T, Xiong W, Xi W, Zhang X. Association of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites with symptoms among autistic children: A case–control study in Tianjin, China. Autism Res 2022; 15:1941-1960. [DOI: 10.1002/aur.2788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Qiaoyun Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Zhiyi Qu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Tingkai Cui
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Wenjuan Xiong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Wei Xi
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
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Yu X, Rahman MM, Wang Z, Carter SA, Schwartz J, Chen Z, Eckel SP, Hackman D, Chen JC, Xiang AH, McConnell R. Evidence of susceptibility to autism risks associated with early life ambient air pollution: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112590. [PMID: 34929192 PMCID: PMC11409923 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have found associations between early life air pollution exposure and subsequent onset of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, characteristics that affect susceptibility remain unclear. OBJECTIVE This systematic review examined epidemiologic studies on the modifying roles of social, child, genetic and maternal characteristics in associations between prenatal and early postnatal air pollution exposure and ASD. METHODS A systematic literature search in PubMed and Embase was conducted. Studies that examined modifiers of the association between air pollution and ASD were included. RESULTS A total of 19 publications examined modifiers of the associations between early life air pollution exposures and ASD. In general, estimates of effects on risk of ASD in boys were larger than in girls (based on 11 studies). Results from studies of effects of family education (2 studies) and neighborhood deprivation (2 studies) on air pollution-ASD associations were inconsistent. Limited data (1 study) suggest pregnant women with insufficient folic acid intake might be more susceptible to ambient particulate matter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and 10 μm (PM10) in aerodynamic diameter, and to nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Children of mothers with gestational diabetes had increased risk of ozone-associated ASD (1 study). Two genetic studies reported that copy number variations may amplify the effect of ozone, and MET rs1858830 CC genotype may augment effects of PM and near-roadway pollutants on ASD. CONCLUSIONS Child's sex, maternal nutrition or diabetes, socioeconomic factors, and child risk genotypes were reported to modify the effect of early-life air pollutants on ASD risk in the epidemiologic literature. However, the sparsity of studies on comparable modifying hypotheses precludes conclusive findings. Further research is needed to identify susceptible populations and potential targets for preventive intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Spatial Science Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Md Mostafijur Rahman
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhongying Wang
- Spatial Science Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah A Carter
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sandrah P Eckel
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Hackman
- USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anny H Xiang
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Predicting the in vivo developmental toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in rats by an in vitro-in silico approach. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:3323-3340. [PMID: 34432120 PMCID: PMC8448719 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03128-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Developmental toxicity testing is an animal-intensive endpoints in toxicity testing and calls for animal-free alternatives. Previous studies showed the applicability of an in vitro–in silico approach for predicting developmental toxicity of a range of compounds, based on data from the mouse embryonic stem cell test (EST) combined with physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modelling facilitated reverse dosimetry. In the current study, the use of this approach for predicting developmental toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was evaluated, using benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) as a model compound. A rat PBK model of BaP was developed to simulate the kinetics of its main metabolite 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene (3-OHBaP), shown previously to be responsible for the developmental toxicity of BaP. Comparison to in vivo kinetic data showed that the model adequately predicted BaP and 3-OHBaP blood concentrations in the rat. Using this PBK model and reverse dosimetry, a concentration–response curve for 3-OHBaP obtained in the EST was translated into an in vivo dose–response curve for developmental toxicity of BaP in rats upon single or repeated dose exposure. The predicted half maximal effect doses (ED50) amounted to 67 and 45 mg/kg bw being comparable to the ED50 derived from the in vivo dose–response data reported for BaP in the literature, of 29 mg/kg bw. The present study provides a proof of principle of applying this in vitro–in silico approach for evaluating developmental toxicity of BaP and may provide a promising strategy for predicting the developmental toxicity of related PAHs, without the need for extensive animal testing.
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Chen K, Ma X, Nehme A, Wei J, Cui Y, Cui Y, Yao D, Wu J, Anderson T, Ferguson D, Levitt P, Qiu S. Time-delimited signaling of MET receptor tyrosine kinase regulates cortical circuit development and critical period plasticity. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:3723-3736. [PMID: 31900430 PMCID: PMC7332377 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0635-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Normal development of cortical circuits, including experience-dependent cortical maturation and plasticity, requires precise temporal regulation of gene expression and molecular signaling. Such regulation, and the concomitant impact on plasticity and critical periods, is hypothesized to be disrupted in neurodevelopmental disorders. A protein that may serve such a function is the MET receptor tyrosine kinase, which is tightly regulated developmentally in rodents and primates, and exhibits reduced cortical expression in autism spectrum disorder and Rett Syndrome. We found that the peak of MET expression in developing mouse cortex coincides with the heightened period of synaptogenesis, but is precipitously downregulated prior to extensive synapse pruning and certain peak periods of cortical plasticity. These results reflect a potential on-off regulatory synaptic mechanism for specific glutamatergic cortical circuits in which MET is enriched. In order to address the functional significance of the 'off' component of the proposed mechanism, we created a controllable transgenic mouse line that sustains cortical MET signaling. Continued MET expression in cortical excitatory neurons disrupted synaptic protein profiles, altered neuronal morphology, and impaired visual cortex circuit maturation and connectivity. Remarkably, sustained MET signaling eliminates monocular deprivation-induced ocular dominance plasticity during the normal cortical critical period; while ablating MET signaling leads to early closure of critical period plasticity. The results demonstrate a novel mechanism in which temporal regulation of a pleiotropic signaling protein underlies cortical circuit maturation and timing of cortical critical period, features that may be disrupted in neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chen
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Xiaokuang Ma
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Antoine Nehme
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Jing Wei
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Yan Cui
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Yuehua Cui
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Dezhong Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610054, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
- Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Trent Anderson
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Deveroux Ferguson
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
| | - Pat Levitt
- Department of Pediatrics and Program in Developmental Neuroscience and Neurogenetics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.
| | - Shenfeng Qiu
- Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
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12
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Xu W, Qi Y, Gao Y, Quan H, Li Q, Zhou H, Huang J. Benzo(a)pyrene exposure in utero exacerbates Parkinson's Disease (PD)-like α-synucleinopathy in A53T human alpha-synuclein transgenic mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 427:115658. [PMID: 34332006 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous work indicated that benzo[a]pyrene (B(a)P) exposure in utero might adversely affect neurodevelopment and cause Parkinson's Disease (PD)-like symptoms. However, the effect of utero exposure to B(a)P on PD-like α-synucleinopathy and the mechanism under are unclear. OBJECTIVE The A53T human alpha-synuclein (α-syn) transgenic mice (M83+/-) were used in this study to gain insights into the role of B(a)P exposure in utero in the onset of α-syn pathology and neuronal damage. METHOD Timed-pregnant M83+/- dams were exposed to 1) corn oil (vehicle) or 2) 5 mg/kg bw/d B(a)P or 3) 20 mg/kg bw/d B(a)P at gestational day 10-17 by oral gavage and then the SNCA transcription, α-syn accumulation and aggregation, neuroinflammation and nigral dopaminergic neurodegeneration of 60-day-old pups were evaluated. RESULT SNCA mRNA and α-syn protein expression in the midbrain of 60 days adult mice were found to be remarkably elevated after B(a)P exposure in utero, the protein degradation capacity was injured (in 20 mg/kg dose group) and α-syn aggregation could be observed in the substantia nigra (SN); Enhanced Iba1 expression in the midbrain and microglial activation (in 20 mg/kg dose group) in the SN were also figured out; Besides, dopaminergic neurons in the SN of 60 days adult mice were significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that B(a)P exposure in utero could exacerbate α-syn pathology and induce activation of microglia which might further lead to dopaminergic neuronal loss in the SN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixing Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuze Qi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanjun Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huihui Quan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qingru Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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13
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Abstract
Millions of tons of oil are spilled in aquatic environments every decade, and this oil has the potential to greatly impact fish populations. Here, we review available information on the physiological effects of oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on fish. Oil toxicity affects multiple biological systems, including cardiac function, cholesterol biosynthesis, peripheral and central nervous system function, the stress response, and osmoregulatory and acid-base balance processes. We propose that cholesterol depletion may be a significant contributor to impacts on cardiac, neuronal, and synaptic function as well as reduced cortisol production and release. Furthermore, it is possible that intracellular calcium homeostasis-a part of cardiotoxic and neuronal function that is affected by oil exposure-may be related to cholesterol depletion. A detailed understanding of oil impacts and affected physiological processes is emerging, but knowledge of their combined effects on fish in natural habitats is largely lacking. We identify key areas deserving attention in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Grosell
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149, USA; ,
| | - Christina Pasparakis
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33149, USA; ,
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Trumble BC, Finch CE. THE EXPOSOME IN HUMAN EVOLUTION: FROM DUST TO DIESEL. THE QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY 2019; 94:333-394. [PMID: 32269391 PMCID: PMC7141577 DOI: 10.1086/706768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Global exposures to air pollution and cigarette smoke are novel in human evolutionary history and are associated with about 16 million premature deaths per year. We investigate the history of the human exposome for relationships between novel environmental toxins and genetic changes during human evolution in six phases. Phase I: With increased walking on savannas, early human ancestors inhaled crustal dust, fecal aerosols, and spores; carrion scavenging introduced new infectious pathogens. Phase II: Domestic fire exposed early Homo to novel toxins from smoke and cooking. Phases III and IV: Neolithic to preindustrial Homo sapiens incurred infectious pathogens from domestic animals and dense communities with limited sanitation. Phase V: Industrialization introduced novel toxins from fossil fuels, industrial chemicals, and tobacco at the same time infectious pathogens were diminishing. Thereby, pathogen-driven causes of mortality were replaced by chronic diseases driven by sterile inflammogens, exogenous and endogenous. Phase VI: Considers future health during global warming with increased air pollution and infections. We hypothesize that adaptation to some ancient toxins persists in genetic variations associated with inflammation and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C Trumble
- School of Human Evolution & Social Change and Center for Evolution and Medicine, Arizona State University Tempe, Arizona 85287 USA
| | - Caleb E Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Dornsife College, University of Southern California Los Angeles, California 90089-0191 USA
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15
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Das L, Patel B, Patri M. Adolescence benzo[a]pyrene treatment induces learning and memory impairment and anxiolytic like behavioral response altering neuronal morphology of hippocampus in adult male Wistar rats. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:1104-1113. [PMID: 31720231 PMCID: PMC6838974 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraperitoneal B[a]P administration induces anxiolytic like behavior in rats. B[a]P induces oxidative stress and reduces antioxidant enzyme activity. Exposure to B[a]P-induces decrease in dendrite length and spine density through oxidative stress affecting antioxidant defence system. Alteration in the neuronal architecture of the hippocampal cells after B[a]P administration is associated with learning and memory defict.
Exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a prototype of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) easily cross blood brain barrier (BBB) and is associated with impaired learning and memory in adult rats. However, there is no symmetric study reported on association between B[a]P exposure during the early development and hippocampal dendritic architecture causing behavioral changes like learning and memory deficit of adult rats. We investigated a fourteen day consecutive B[a]P administration, intraperitonial (i.p.), with two different doses (0.1 and 1μM) during early adolescence at PND30-44 and learning behavior assessed between PND 45-60 in adult male rats. The anxiolytic like behavioural analysis was done by LDPT. Depressive like behaviour was estimated through sucrose preference and learning and memory by T-maze. After B[a]P administration oxidative stress markers like glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were evaluated. To parallel these behavioral and antioxidant level changes to alteration in dendritic morphology, Golgi-Cox staining was performed in the hippocampus. Our study showed anxiolytic like behavioral response with significant increase in time spent in light zone and significant (p < 0.05) decrease in preference for sucrose and a reduction in percentage of spontaneous responses in T-maze test in B[a]P administered group as compared to vehicle control. B[a]P exposed male rats showed significant increase in GST activity (p < 0.05) and concentration of GSSG with a decay in GSH, GPx and GR in both the groups as compared to control. B[a]P administered rats showed significant loss in total dendritic length and number (28%) with reduced spine density (18%) in both higher and lower doses. These results suggested that B[a]P administration can be associated with an increase ROS production showing altered antioxidant defence system through glutathione biosynthesis and causing profound alterations in dendritic length and spine density of hippocampal neurons leading towards learning and memory deficits in adult rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipsa Das
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, Odisha, India
| | - Bhupesh Patel
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, Odisha, India
| | - Manorama Patri
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, 753003, Odisha, India
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16
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Liu XY, Wang BL, Yi MJ, Zhang FH. [Association of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during pregnancy with autism spectrum disorder-related behaviors in toddlers: a birth cohort study]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2019; 21:332-336. [PMID: 31014424 PMCID: PMC7389215 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the association of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) during pregnancy and autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-related behaviors in toddlers. METHODS A total of 348 toddlers who had accepted the measurement of PAH-DNA adduct in umbilical cord blood and evaluation of behavior problems at the age of 36 months were enrolled in this birth cohort study. Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) were used to evaluate behavior problems at the age of 36 months. The correlation of the concentration of PAH-DNA adduct in umbilical cord blood with CBCL and ABC scores at the age of 36 months were analyzed. RESULTS The detection rate of PAH-DNA adduct in umbilical cord blood was 52.3%, and the median concentration was 0.68 ng/mL. The median total scores of CBCL and ABC scales were 23 and 8 respectively. In children aged 36 months, the concentration of PAH-DNA adduct was positively correlated with the score of social withdrawal in the CBCL scale (rs=0.205, P<0.05), the total score of the ABC scale (rs=0.412, P<0.05), and the self-care score of the ABC scale (rs=0.355, P<0.05). The concentration of PAH-DNA adduct was closely associated with the total score of the ABC scale in children aged 36 months (β=0.122, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS PAH exposure during pregnancy may be a risk factor for ASD-related behaviors in toddlers. Effective reduction of PAH exposure during pregnancy and detection of PAH-DNA adduct in neonatal umbilical cord blood are of vital importance for early prevention, screening and intervention of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Liu
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
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17
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Epigenetic and Neurological Impairments Associated with Early Life Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants. Int J Genomics 2019; 2019:2085496. [PMID: 30733955 PMCID: PMC6348822 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2085496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases worldwide has dramatically increased over the last decades. Although the aetiology remains uncertain, evidence is now growing that exposure to persistent organic pollutants during sensitive neurodevelopmental periods such as early life may be a strong risk factor, predisposing the individual to disease development later in life. Epidemiological studies have associated environmentally persistent organic pollutant exposure to brain disorders including neuropathies, cognitive, motor, and sensory impairments; neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In many ways, this expands the classical “Developmental Origins of Health and Disease” paradigm to include exposure to pollutants. This model has been refined over the years to give the current “three-hit” model that considers the individual's genetic factors as a first “hit.” It has an immediate interaction with the early-life exposome (including persistent organic pollutants) that can be considered to be a second “hit.” Together, these first two “hits” produce a quiescent or latent phenotype, most probably encoded in the epigenome, which has become susceptible to a third environmental “hit” in later life. It is only after the third “hit” that the increased risk of disease symptoms is crystallised. However, if the individual is exposed to a different environment in later life, they would be expected to remain healthy. In this review, we examine the effect of exposure to persistent organic pollutants and particulate matters in early life and the relationship to subsequent neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. The roles of those environmental factors which may affect epigenetic DNA methylation and therefore influence normal neurodevelopment are then evaluated.
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18
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Xu EG, Khursigara AJ, Magnuson J, Hazard ES, Hardiman G, Esbaugh AJ, Roberts AP, Schlenk D. Larval Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Sublethal Exposure to Weathered Deepwater Horizon Crude Oil: Developmental and Transcriptomic Consequences. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:10162-10172. [PMID: 28768411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) incident resulted in extensive oiling of the pelagic zone and shoreline habitats of many commercially important fish species. Exposure to the water-accommodated fraction (WAF) of oil from the spill causes developmental toxicity through cardiac defects in pelagic fish species. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of the oil on near-shore estuarine fish species such as red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Following exposure to a certified weathered slick oil (4.74 μg/L ∑PAH50) from the DWH event, significant sublethal impacts were observed ranging from impaired nervous system development [average 17 and 22% reductions in brain and eye area at 48 h postfertilization (hpf), respectively] to abnormal cardiac morphology (100% incidence at 24, 48, and 72 hpf) in red drum larvae. Consistent with the phenotypic responses, significantly differentially expressed transcripts, enriched gene ontology, and altered functions and canonical pathways predicted adverse outcomes in nervous and cardiovascular systems, with more pronounced changes at later larval stages. Our study demonstrated that the WAF of weathered slick oil of DWH caused morphological abnormalities predicted by a suite of advanced bioinformatic tools in early developing red drum and also provided the basis for a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of crude oil toxicity in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Alex J Khursigara
- Marine Science Institute, University of Texas at Austin , Port Aransas, Texas 78373, United States
| | - Jason Magnuson
- Department of Biological Sciences & Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas , Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - E Starr Hazard
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina 29403, United States
- Computational Biology Resource Center, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina 29403, United States
| | - Gary Hardiman
- Computational Biology Resource Center, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina 29403, United States
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina 29403, United States
| | - Andrew J Esbaugh
- Marine Science Institute, University of Texas at Austin , Port Aransas, Texas 78373, United States
| | - Aaron P Roberts
- Department of Biological Sciences & Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas , Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
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19
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Sarma SN, Blais JM, Chan HM. Neurotoxicity of alkylated polycyclic aromatic compounds in human neuroblastoma cells. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:285-300. [PMID: 28598261 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1314840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants originating from incomplete combustion processes. While the toxicity of parent PAC such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is well characterized, effects of other alkyl-PAC dibenzothiophene (DBT) and retene (Ret) are not well established. The aim of this study was to examine the underlying relative neurotoxic mechanisms attributed to BaP (parent PAH), DBT and Ret (alkyl-PACs) using human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. The lethal concentrations (LC10 and LC20) were found at approximately 10 µM and 40 µM, respectively after 24-h exposure of SK-N-SH cells. It was hypothesized that PAC trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, leading to activation of apoptotic signaling pathways. Differentiated neuronal cells were treated with three compounds at (0.5-40 µM) for 24 h. There was a significant concentration-dependent increase in levels of ROS, even at sub-lethal levels of 1 µM Ret. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was significantly decreased. Real-time RT-PCR results showed up-regulation of pro-apoptotic genes and down-regulation of antioxidative genes expression in BaP-, DBT-, and Ret-treated SK-N-SH cells. Cytochrome c protein levels and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were also significantly elevated in a concentration-related manner. Data demonstrated that BaP-, DBT-, or Ret-induced neuronal cell damage involved oxidative stress generation through mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway. Alkyl-PAC also exhibited higher potency in ROS induction and reduction of MMP than parent PAC. These findings may be important for environmental risk assessment attributed to exposure to PAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jules M Blais
- a Department of Biology , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada
| | - Hing Man Chan
- a Department of Biology , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada
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20
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Vinceti M, Violi F, Tzatzarakis M, Mandrioli J, Malagoli C, Hatch EE, Fini N, Fasano A, Rakitskii VN, Kalantzi OI, Tsatsakis A. Pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in cerebrospinal fluid of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients: a case-control study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 155:261-267. [PMID: 28242563 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurotoxic chemicals including several pesticides have been suggested to play a role in the etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We investigated the relation between organochlorine pesticides and their metabolites (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the etiology of sporadic ALS, determining for the first time their levels in cerebrospinal fluid as indicator of antecedent exposure. We recruited 38 ALS patients and 38 controls referred to an Italian clinical center for ALS care, who underwent a lumbar puncture for diagnostic purposes between 1994-2013, and had 1mL of cerebrospinal fluid available for the determination of OCPs, PCBs and PAHs. Many chemicals were undetectable in both case and control CSF samples, and we found little evidence of any increased disease risk according to higher levels of exposure. Among males >60 years, we found a slight but statistically very unstable increased ALS risk with higher levels of the congener PCB 28 and the OCP metabolite p,p'-DDE. Overall, these results do not suggest an involvement of the neurotoxic chemicals investigated in this study in disease etiology, although small numbers limited the precision of our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vinceti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; via Campi 287, Modena (MO) 41125, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany St., Boston, 02118 MA, United States.
| | - Federica Violi
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; via Campi 287, Modena (MO) 41125, Italy
| | - Manolis Tzatzarakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Department of Neurology, Sant'Agostino-Estense Hospital, Local Health Unit of Modena, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Baggiovara, Modena MO, Italy
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; via Campi 287, Modena (MO) 41125, Italy
| | - Elizabeth E Hatch
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany St., Boston, 02118 MA, United States
| | - Nicola Fini
- Department of Neurology, Sant'Agostino-Estense Hospital, Local Health Unit of Modena, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Baggiovara, Modena MO, Italy
| | - Antonio Fasano
- Department of Neurology, Sant'Agostino-Estense Hospital, Local Health Unit of Modena, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Baggiovara, Modena MO, Italy
| | - Valerii N Rakitskii
- Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, F.F. Erisman, 2, Semashko street, Mytishchi, Moscow region 141014 Russia
| | - Olga-Ioanna Kalantzi
- Department of the Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, Mytilene 8110 Greece
| | - Aristides Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, Greece
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Carter CJ, Blizard RA. Autism genes are selectively targeted by environmental pollutants including pesticides, heavy metals, bisphenol A, phthalates and many others in food, cosmetics or household products. Neurochem Int 2016; 101:S0197-0186(16)30197-8. [PMID: 27984170 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of autism suggests a major environmental influence. Epidemiology has implicated many candidates and genetics many susceptibility genes. Gene/environment interactions in autism were analysed using 206 autism susceptibility genes (ASG's) from the Autworks database to interrogate ∼1 million chemical/gene interactions in the comparative toxicogenomics database. Any bias towards ASG's was statistically determined for each chemical. Many suspect compounds identified in epidemiology, including tetrachlorodibenzodioxin, pesticides, particulate matter, benzo(a)pyrene, heavy metals, valproate, acetaminophen, SSRI's, cocaine, bisphenol A, phthalates, polyhalogenated biphenyls, flame retardants, diesel constituents, terbutaline and oxytocin, inter alia showed a significant degree of bias towards ASG's, as did relevant endogenous agents (retinoids, sex steroids, thyroxine, melatonin, folate, dopamine, serotonin). Numerous other suspected endocrine disruptors (over 100) selectively targeted ASG's including paraquat, atrazine and other pesticides not yet studied in autism and many compounds used in food, cosmetics or household products, including tretinoin, soy phytoestrogens, aspartame, titanium dioxide and sodium fluoride. Autism polymorphisms influence the sensitivity to some of these chemicals and these same genes play an important role in barrier function and control of respiratory cilia sweeping particulate matter from the airways. Pesticides, heavy metals and pollutants also disrupt barrier and/or ciliary function, which is regulated by sex steroids and by bitter/sweet taste receptors. Further epidemiological studies and neurodevelopmental and behavioural research is warranted to determine the relevance of large number of suspect candidates whose addition to the environment, household, food and cosmetics might be fuelling the autism epidemic in a gene-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Carter
- PolygenicPathways, Flat 2, 40 Baldslow Road, Hastings, East Sussex, TN34 2EY, UK.
| | - R A Blizard
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Mental Health Sciences Unit, University College, London, UK
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22
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Romano E, Cosentino L, Laviola G, De Filippis B. Genes and sex hormones interaction in neurodevelopmental disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 67:9-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Xu EG, Mager EM, Grosell M, Pasparakis C, Schlenker LS, Stieglitz JD, Benetti D, Hazard ES, Courtney SM, Diamante G, Freitas J, Hardiman G, Schlenk D. Time- and Oil-Dependent Transcriptomic and Physiological Responses to Deepwater Horizon Oil in Mahi-Mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) Embryos and Larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:7842-7851. [PMID: 27348429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill contaminated the spawning habitats for numerous commercially and ecologically important fishes. Exposure to the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of oil from the spill has been shown to cause cardiac toxicity during early developmental stages across fishes. To better understand the molecular events and explore new pathways responsible for toxicity, RNA sequencing was performed in conjunction with physiological and morphological assessments to analyze the time-course (24, 48, and 96 h post fertilization (hpf)) of transcriptional and developmental responses in embryos/larvae of mahi-mahi exposed to WAF of weathered (slick) and source DWH oils. Slick oil exposure induced more pronounced changes in gene expression over time than source oil exposure. Predominant transcriptomic responses included alteration of EIF2 signaling, steroid biosynthesis, ribosome biogenesis and activation of the cytochrome P450 pathway. At 96 hpf, slick oil exposure resulted in significant perturbations in eye development and peripheral nervous system, suggesting novel targets in addition to the heart may be involved in the developmental toxicity of DHW oil. Comparisons of changes of cardiac genes with phenotypic responses were consistent with reduced heart rate and increased pericardial edema in larvae exposed to slick oil but not source oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Edward M Mager
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, University of Miami , Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Martin Grosell
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, University of Miami , Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Christina Pasparakis
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, University of Miami , Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Lela S Schlenker
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, University of Miami , Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - John D Stieglitz
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, University of Miami , Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Daniel Benetti
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, University of Miami , Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - E Starr Hazard
- Center for Genomics Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina 29403, United States
- Computational Biology Resource Center, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina 29403, United States
| | - Sean M Courtney
- Center for Genomics Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina 29403, United States
| | - Graciel Diamante
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Juliane Freitas
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Gary Hardiman
- Center for Genomics Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina 29403, United States
- Departments of Medicine & Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, South Carolina 29403, United States
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California , Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Patel B, Das SK, Das S, Das L, Patri M. Neonatal exposure to benzo[a]pyrene induces oxidative stress causing altered hippocampal cytomorphometry and behavior during early adolescence period of male Wistar rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2016; 50:7-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bhupesh Patel
- Department of ZoologySchool of Life SciencesRavenshaw UniversityOdishaIndia
| | - Saroj Kumar Das
- Department of ZoologySchool of Life SciencesRavenshaw UniversityOdishaIndia
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, DRDOJammu and KashmirIndia
| | - Swagatika Das
- Department of ZoologySchool of Life SciencesRavenshaw UniversityOdishaIndia
| | - Lipsa Das
- Department of ZoologySchool of Life SciencesRavenshaw UniversityOdishaIndia
| | - Manorama Patri
- Department of ZoologySchool of Life SciencesRavenshaw UniversityOdishaIndia
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Miller RL, Yan Z, Maher C, Zhang H, Gudsnuk K, McDonald J, Champagne FA. Impact of prenatal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on behavior, cortical gene expression and DNA methylation of the Bdnf gene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 5:11-18. [PMID: 27088078 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepig.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) has been associated with sustained effects on the brain and behavior in offspring. However, the mechanisms have yet to be determined. We hypothesized that prenatal exposure to ambient PAH in mice would be associated with impaired neurocognition, increased anxiety, altered cortical expression of Bdnf and Grin2b, and greater DNA methylation of Bdnf. Our results indicated that during open-field testing, prenatal PAH exposed offspring spent more time immobile and less time exploring. Females produced more fecal boli. Offspring prenatally exposed to PAH displayed modest reductions in overall exploration of objects. Further, prenatal PAH exposure was associated with lower cortical expression of Grin2b and Bdnf in males, and greater Bdnf IV promoter methylation. Epigenetic differences within the Bdnf IV promoter correlated with Bdnf gene expression, but not with the observed behavioral outcomes, suggesting that additional targets may account for these PAH-associated effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Miller
- Department of Medicine, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA; Department of Pediatrics, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA; Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Zhonghai Yan
- Department of Medicine, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Christina Maher
- Department of Medicine, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Hanjie Zhang
- Department of Medicine, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kathryn Gudsnuk
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Jacob McDonald
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, 2425 Ridgecrest Drive SE, Albuquerque NM, 87108, USA
| | - Frances A Champagne
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
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He J, Ji X, Li Y, Xue X, Feng G, Zhang H, Wang H, Gao M. Subchronic exposure of benzo(a)pyrene interferes with the expression of Bcl-2, Ki-67, C-myc and p53, Bax, Caspase-3 in sub-regions of cerebral cortex and hippocampus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:149-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Jiao Y, Bower JK, Im W, Basta N, Obrycki J, Al-Hamdan MZ, Wilder A, Bollinger CE, Zhang T, Hatten L, Hatten J, Hood DB. Application of Citizen Science Risk Communication Tools in a Vulnerable Urban Community. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 13:ijerph13010011. [PMID: 26703664 PMCID: PMC4730402 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A public participatory geographical information systems (PPGIS) demographic, environmental, socioeconomic, health status portal was developed for the Stambaugh-Elwood (SE) community in Columbus, OH. We hypothesized that soil at SE residences would have metal concentrations above natural background levels. Three aims were developed that allowed testing of this hypothesis. Aim 1 focused on establishing partnerships between academia, state agencies and communities to assist in the development of a community voice. Aim 2 was to design and conduct soil sampling for residents of the SE community. Aim 3 was to utilize our interactive, customized portal as a risk communication tool by allowing residents to educate themselves as to the potential risks from industrial sources in close proximity to their community. Multiple comparisons of means were used to determine differences in soil element concentration by sampling location at p < 0.05. The results demonstrated that eight metals (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Mo, Se, Tl, Zn) occurred at statistically-significantly greater levels than natural background levels, but most were below risk-based residential soil screening levels. Results were conveyed to residents via an educational, risk-communication informational card. This study demonstrates that community-led coalitions in collaboration with academic teams and state agencies can effectively address environmental concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Jiao
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Julie K Bower
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Wansoo Im
- VERTICES, LLC 303 George Street Suite 406, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
| | - Nicholas Basta
- Environmental Science Graduate Program, School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - John Obrycki
- Environmental Science Graduate Program, School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Mohammad Z Al-Hamdan
- Universities Space Research Association at NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35805, USA.
| | - Allison Wilder
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Claire E Bollinger
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Tongwen Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Luddie Hatten
- Stambaugh-Elwood Citizens for the Environment, LLC Columbus, OH 43207, USA.
| | - Jerrie Hatten
- Stambaugh-Elwood Citizens for the Environment, LLC Columbus, OH 43207, USA.
| | - Darryl B Hood
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Thompson BL, Levitt P. Complete or partial reduction of the Met receptor tyrosine kinase in distinct circuits differentially impacts mouse behavior. J Neurodev Disord 2015; 7:35. [PMID: 26523156 PMCID: PMC4628780 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-015-9131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our laboratory discovered that the gene encoding the receptor tyrosine kinase, MET, contributes to autism risk. Expression of MET is reduced in human postmortem temporal lobe in autism and Rett Syndrome. Subsequent studies revealed a role for MET in human and mouse functional and structural cortical connectivity. To further understand the contribution of Met to brain development and its impact on behavior, we generated two conditional mouse lines in which Met is deleted from select populations of central nervous system neurons. Mice were then tested to determine the consequences of disrupting Met expression. METHODS Mating of Emx1 (cre) and Met (fx/fx) mice eliminates receptor signaling from all cells arising from the dorsal pallium. Met (fx/fx) and Nestin (cre) crosses result in receptor signaling elimination from all neural cells. Behavioral tests were performed to assess cognitive, emotional, and social impairments that are observed in multiple neurodevelopmental disorders and that are in part subserved by circuits that express Met. RESULTS Met (fx/fx) /Emx1 (cre) null mice displayed significant hypoactivity in the activity chamber and in the T-maze despite superior performance on the rotarod. Additionally, these animals showed a deficit in spontaneous alternation. Surprisingly, Met (fx/fx; fx/+) /Nestin (cre) null and heterozygous mice exhibited deficits in contextual fear conditioning, and Met (fx/+) /Nestin (cre) heterozygous mice spent less time in the closed arms of the elevated plus maze. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest a complex contribution of Met in the development of circuits mediating social, emotional, and cognitive behavior. The impact of disrupting developmental Met expression is dependent upon circuit-specific deletion patterns and levels of receptor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L Thompson
- Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA ; Institute for the Developing Mind, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA ; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
| | - Pat Levitt
- Institute for the Developing Mind, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA ; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA
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McCallister MM, Li Z, Zhang T, Ramesh A, Clark RS, Maguire M, Hutsell B, Newland MC, Hood DB. Revealing Behavioral Learning Deficit Phenotypes Subsequent to In Utero Exposure to Benzo(a)pyrene. Toxicol Sci 2015; 149:42-54. [PMID: 26420751 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize behavioral deficits in pre-adolescent offspring exposed in utero to Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P], timed-pregnant Long Evans Hooded rats were treated with B(a)P (150, 300, 600, and 1200 µg/kg BW) or peanut oil (vehicle) on E14, 15, 16, and 17. Following birth, during the pre-weaning period, B(a)P metabolites were examined in plasma and whole brain or cerebral cortex from exposed and control offspring. Tissue concentrations of B(a)P metabolites were (1) dose-dependent and (2) followed a time-dependence for elimination with ∼60% reduction by PND5 in the 1200 µg/kg BW experimental group. Spatial discrimination-reversal learning was utilized to evaluate potential behavioral neurotoxicity in P40-P60 offspring. Late-adolescent offspring exposed in utero to 600 and 1200 µg/kg BW were indistinguishable from their control counterparts for ability to acquire an original discrimination (OD) and reach criterion. However, a dose-dependent effect of in utero B(a)P-exposure was evident upon a discrimination reversal as exposed offspring perseverated on the previously correct response. This newly characterized behavioral deficit phenotype for the first reversal was not apparent in either the (1) OD or (2) subsequent reversal sessions relative to the respective control offspring. Furthermore, the expression of activity related-cytoskeletal-associated protein (Arc), an experience-dependent cortical protein marker known to be up-regulated in response to acquisition of a novel behavior, was greater in B(a)P-exposed offspring included in the spatial discrimination cohort versus home cage controls. Collectively, these findings support the hypothesis that in utero exposure to B(a)P during critical windows of development representing peak periods of neurogenesis results in behavioral deficits in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique M McCallister
- *Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Environmental-Health Disparities and Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - Zhu Li
- *Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Environmental-Health Disparities and Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - Tongwen Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Aramandla Ramesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208; and
| | - Ryan S Clark
- *Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Environmental-Health Disparities and Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - Mark Maguire
- *Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Environmental-Health Disparities and Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - Blake Hutsell
- Department of Psychology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | | | - Darryl B Hood
- *Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Environmental-Health Disparities and Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208; Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210;
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Peterson BS, Rauh VA, Bansal R, Hao X, Toth Z, Nati G, Walsh K, Miller R, Arias F, Semanek D, Perera F. Effects of prenatal exposure to air pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) on the development of brain white matter, cognition, and behavior in later childhood. JAMA Psychiatry 2015; 72:531-40. [PMID: 25807066 PMCID: PMC4456286 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous and neurotoxic environmental contaminants. Prenatal PAH exposure is associated with subsequent cognitive and behavioral disturbances in childhood. OBJECTIVES To identify the effects of prenatal PAH exposure on brain structure and to assess the cognitive and behavioral correlates of those abnormalities in school-age children. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional imaging study in a representative community-based cohort followed up prospectively from the fetal period to ages 7 to 9 years. The setting was urban community residences and an academic imaging center. Participants included a sample of 40 minority urban youth born to Latina (Dominican) or African American women. They were recruited between February 2, 1998, and March 17, 2006. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Morphological measures that index local volumes of the surface of the brain and of the white matter surface after cortical gray matter was removed. RESULTS We detected a dose-response relationship between increased prenatal PAH exposure (measured in the third trimester but thought to index exposure for all of gestation) and reductions of the white matter surface in later childhood that were confined almost exclusively to the left hemisphere of the brain and that involved almost its entire surface. Reduced left hemisphere white matter was associated with slower information processing speed during intelligence testing and with more severe externalizing behavioral problems, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms and conduct disorder problems. The magnitude of left hemisphere white matter disturbances mediated the significant association of PAH exposure with slower processing speed. In addition, measures of postnatal PAH exposure correlated with white matter surface measures in dorsal prefrontal regions bilaterally when controlling for prenatal PAH. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to PAH air pollutants contributes to slower processing speed, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, and externalizing problems in urban youth by disrupting the development of left hemisphere white matter, whereas postnatal PAH exposure contributes to additional disturbances in the development of white matter in dorsal prefrontal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley S. Peterson
- Institute for the Developing Mind, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles California
| | - Virginia A. Rauh
- Heilbrunn Center for Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
- Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - Ravi Bansal
- Institute for the Developing Mind, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles California
| | - Xuejun Hao
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Zachary Toth
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Giancarlo Nati
- Institute for the Developing Mind, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles California
| | - Kirwan Walsh
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Rachel Miller
- Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons
| | - Franchesca Arias
- Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
| | - David Semanek
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Frederica Perera
- Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032
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Schug TT, Blawas AM, Gray K, Heindel JJ, Lawler CP. Elucidating the links between endocrine disruptors and neurodevelopment. Endocrinology 2015; 156:1941-51. [PMID: 25714811 PMCID: PMC5393340 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recent data indicate that approximately 12% of children in the United States are affected by neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, learning disorders, intellectual disabilities, and autism spectrum disorders. Accumulating evidence indicates a multifactorial etiology for these disorders, with social, physical, genetic susceptibility, nutritional factors, and chemical toxicants acting together to influence risk. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals during the early stages of life can disrupt normal patterns of development and thus alter brain function and disease susceptibility later in life. This article highlights research efforts and pinpoints approaches that could shed light on the possible associations between environmental chemicals that act on the endocrine system and compromised neurodevelopmental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaddeus T Schug
- Division of Extramural Research and Training (T.T.S., K.G., J.J.H., C.P.L.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; and Duke University (A.M.B.), Durham, North Carolina 27708
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Chepelev NL, Moffat ID, Bowers WJ, Yauk CL. Neurotoxicity may be an overlooked consequence of benzo[a]pyrene exposure that is relevant to human health risk assessment. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2015; 764:64-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Sugahara Y, Kawaguchi M, Itoyama T, Kurokawa D, Tosa Y, Kitamura SI, Handoh IC, Nakayama K, Murakami Y. Pyrene induces a reduction in midbrain size and abnormal swimming behavior in early-hatched pufferfish larvae. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 85:479-486. [PMID: 24793779 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Spills of heavy oil (HO) have an adverse effect on marine life. We have demonstrated previously that exposure to HO by fertilized eggs of the pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) induces neural disruption and behavioral abnormality in early-hatched larvae. Here, two kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pyrene and phenanthrene, were selected to examine their toxic effects on larval behavior of another pufferfish species (T. niphobles). Larvae exposed to pyrene or phenanthrene exhibited no abnormalities in morphology. However, those exposed to pyrene but not phenanthrene swam in an uncoordinated manner, although their swimming distance and speed were normal. The optic tectum, a part of the midbrain, of pyrene-exposed larvae did not grow to full size. Thus, these findings are indicated that pyrene might be a contributor to the behavioral and neuro-developmental toxicity, although there is no indication that it is the only compound participating in the toxicity of the heavy oil mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sugahara
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Masahumi Kawaguchi
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Itoyama
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kurokawa
- Misaki Marine Biological Station, The University of Tokyo, 1024 Koajiro, Misaki, Miura, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tosa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Kitamura
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Itsuki C Handoh
- The Futurability Initiatives, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, 457-4 Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kei Nakayama
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Murakami
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Japan.
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Autism spectrum disorder: interaction of air pollution with the MET receptor tyrosine kinase gene. Epidemiology 2014; 25:44-7. [PMID: 24240654 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Independent studies report association of autism spectrum disorder with air pollution exposure and a functional promoter variant (rs1858830) in the MET receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) gene. Toxicological data find altered brain Met expression in mice after prenatal exposure to a model air pollutant. Our objective was to investigate whether air pollution exposure and MET rs1858830 genotype interact to alter the risk of autism spectrum disorder. METHODS We studied 252 cases of autism spectrum disorder and 156 typically developing controls from the Childhood Autism Risk from Genetics and the Environment Study. Air pollution exposure was assigned for local traffic-related sources and regional sources (particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone). MET genotype was determined by direct resequencing. RESULTS Subjects with both MET rs1858830 CC genotype and high air pollutant exposures were at increased risk of autism spectrum disorder compared with subjects who had both the CG/GG genotypes and lower air pollutant exposures. There was evidence of multiplicative interaction between NO2 and MET CC genotype (P= 0.03). CONCLUSIONS MET rs1858830 CC genotype and air pollutant exposure may interact to increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder.
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Short-term effects of a perinatal exposure to a 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mixture in rats: assessment of early motor and sensorial development and cerebral cytochrome oxidase activity in pups. Neurotoxicology 2014; 43:90-101. [PMID: 24709092 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a family of ubiquitous neurotoxic pollutants, mainly through ingestion of contaminated food. Developing organisms can be exposed also to PAHs due to the ability of these compounds to pass through the placental barrier as well as through the breast milk. Previous animal studies have reported that the exposure of rats to a 16 PAH mixture at environmental doses strictly limited to gestation did not induce any long-lasting consequences, whereas gestational and lactational PAH exposure induced long-term behavioral and cerebral metabolic effects. In the present study, short-term effects of exposures to the same PAH mixture during gestation, or during gestation and lactation, were assessed by evaluating motor and sensory development of rat pups, and by measuring cerebral cytochrome oxidase activity (a marker of energetic metabolism) in different brain areas. Brain levels of PAHs and some monohydroxylated metabolites were also evaluated in pups at birth and at 21 days of postnatal life. No significant short-term modifications of behavioral development and of cerebral metabolism were observed following an early PAH exposure whatever the dose and the period of exposure. Surprisingly, the same brain levels of concentration of PAHs and metabolites were observed in control and exposed pups in both studies. These analytical results raise the difficulty in overcoming environmental contamination of control animals and the choice of such controls in experimental studies which focus on neurotoxicity of exposure to low levels of pollutants.
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Tang D, Lee J, Muirhead L, Li TY, Qu L, Yu J, Perera F. Molecular and neurodevelopmental benefits to children of closure of a coal burning power plant in China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91966. [PMID: 24647528 PMCID: PMC3960155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are major toxic air pollutants released during incomplete combustion of coal. PAH emissions are especially problematic in China because of their reliance on coal-powered energy. The prenatal period is a window of susceptibility to neurotoxicants. To determine the health benefits of reducing air pollution related to coal-burning, we compared molecular biomarkers of exposure and preclinical effects in umbilical cord blood to neurodevelopmental outcomes from two successive birth cohorts enrolled before and after a highly polluting, coal-fired power plant in Tongliang County, China had ceased operation. Women and their newborns in the two successive cohorts were enrolled at the time of delivery. We measured PAH-DNA adducts, a biomarker of PAH-exposure and DNA damage, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein involved in neuronal growth, in umbilical cord blood. At age two, children were tested using the Gesell Developmental Schedules (GDS). The two cohorts were compared with respect to levels of both biomarkers in cord blood as well as developmental quotient (DQ) scores across 5 domains. Lower levels of PAH-DNA adducts, higher concentrations of the mature BDNF protein (mBDNF) and higher DQ scores were seen in the 2005 cohort enrolled after closure of the power plant. In the two cohorts combined, PAH-DNA adducts were inversely associated with mBDNF as well as scores for motor (p = 0.05), adaptive (p = 0.022), and average (p = 0.014) DQ. BDNF levels were positively associated with motor (p = 0.018), social (p = 0.001), and average (p = 0.017) DQ scores. The findings indicate that the closure of a coal-burning plant resulted in the reduction of PAH-DNA adducts in newborns and increased mBDNF levels that in turn, were positively associated with neurocognitive development. They provide further evidence of the direct benefits to children's health as a result of the coal plant shut down, supporting clean energy and environmental policies in China and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Tang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Joan Lee
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Loren Muirhead
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ting Yu Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lirong Qu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Frederica Perera
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
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Persico AM, Merelli S. Environmental Factors in the Onset of Autism Spectrum Disorder. CURRENT DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40474-013-0002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Plummer JT, Evgrafov OV, Bergman MY, Friez M, Haiman CA, Levitt P, Aldinger KA. Transcriptional regulation of the MET receptor tyrosine kinase gene by MeCP2 and sex-specific expression in autism and Rett syndrome. Transl Psychiatry 2013; 3:e316. [PMID: 24150225 PMCID: PMC3818007 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2013.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide variants (SNV) in the gene encoding the MET receptor tyrosine kinase have been associated with an increased risk for autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The MET promoter SNV rs1858830 C 'low activity' allele is enriched in ASD, associated with reduced protein expression, and impacts functional and structural circuit connectivity in humans. To gain insight into the transcriptional regulation of MET on ASD-risk etiology, we examined an interaction between the methyl CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) and the MET 5' promoter region. Mutations in MeCP2 cause Rett syndrome (RTT), a predominantly female neurodevelopmental disorder sharing some ASD clinical symptoms. MeCP2 binds to a region of the MET promoter containing the ASD-risk SNV, and displays rs1858830 genotype-specific binding in human neural progenitor cells derived from the olfactory neuroepithelium. MeCP2 binding enhances MET expression in the presence of the rs1858830 C allele, but MET transcription is attenuated by RTT-specific mutations in MeCP2. In the postmortem temporal cortex, a region normally enriched in MET, gene expression is reduced dramatically in females with RTT, although not due to enrichment of the rs1858830 C 'low activity' allele. We newly identified a sex-based reduction in MET expression, with male ASD cases, but not female ASD cases compared with sex-matched controls. The experimental data reveal a prominent allele-specific regulation of MET transcription by MeCP2. The mechanisms underlying the pronounced reduction of MET in ASD and RTT temporal cortex are distinct and likely related to factors unique to each disorder, including a noted sex bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Plummer
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - O V Evgrafov
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Y Bergman
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - M Friez
- Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC, USA
| | - C A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - P Levitt
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Cell & Neurobiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - K A Aldinger
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 9th Avenue, Seattle, 98101 WA, USA. E-mail:
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Dostal M, Pastorkova A, Rychlik S, Rychlikova E, Svecova V, Schallerova E, Sram RJ. Comparison of child morbidity in regions of Ostrava, Czech Republic, with different degrees of pollution: a retrospective cohort study. Environ Health 2013; 12:74. [PMID: 24004520 PMCID: PMC3844449 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-12-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To confirm or refute the hypothesis that the morbidity of children (since birth to age 5) born and living in the heavily polluted (PM10, benzo[a]pyrene) eastern part of Ostrava, Czech Republic, was higher than the morbidity of children living in other parts of the city. METHODS Ten pediatricians in 5 districts of Ostrava abstracted the medical records of 1878 children born in 2001-2004 to list all illnesses of each child in ICD-10 codes. The children were divided into four groups according to their residence at birth and thereafter. Most of the children in the eastern area were living in the city district Radvanice and Bartovice. RESULTS We report on the incidence of acute illnesses in 1535 children of Czech ethnicity in the first 5 years of life. The most frequent acute illnesses (over 45% of all diagnoses) were upper respiratory infections (URI: J00-J02, J06). In the first year of life, the incidence of URI in 183 children in the eastern area - 372 illnesses/100 children/year - was more than twice as high as in the other 3 areas with a total number of 1352 children. From birth to the age of 5 years, the incidences of pneumonia, tonsillitis, viral infections (ICD-10 code B34) and intestinal infectious diseases were also several times higher in children living in the eastern part of Ostrava. The lowest morbidity was found in children living in the less polluted western part of the city. CONCLUSIONS The children born and living in the eastern part of the city of Ostrava had from birth through 5 years significantly higher incidence rates of acute illnesses than children in other parts of Ostrava. They also had a higher prevalence of wheezing, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Dostal
- Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Pastorkova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stepan Rychlik
- Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Rychlikova
- Public Health Institute in Usti nad Labem, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Vlasta Svecova
- Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Radim J Sram
- Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
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Exclusive prenatal exposure to a 16 PAH mixture does not impact anxiety-related behaviours and regional brain metabolism in adult male rats: A role for the period of exposure in the modulation of PAH neurotoxicity. Toxicol Lett 2013; 221:40-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Stamou M, Streifel KM, Goines PE, Lein PJ. Neuronal connectivity as a convergent target of gene × environment interactions that confer risk for Autism Spectrum Disorders. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2013; 36:3-16. [PMID: 23269408 PMCID: PMC3610799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Evidence implicates environmental factors in the pathogenesis of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). However, the identity of specific environmental chemicals that influence ASD risk, severity or treatment outcome remains elusive. The impact of any given environmental exposure likely varies across a population according to individual genetic substrates, and this increases the difficulty of identifying clear associations between exposure and ASD diagnoses. Heritable genetic vulnerabilities may amplify adverse effects triggered by environmental exposures if genetic and environmental factors converge to dysregulate the same signaling systems at critical times of development. Thus, one strategy for identifying environmental risk factors for ASD is to screen for environmental factors that modulate the same signaling pathways as ASD susceptibility genes. Recent advances in defining the molecular and cellular pathology of ASD point to altered patterns of neuronal connectivity in the developing brain as the neurobiological basis of these disorders. Studies of syndromic ASD and rare highly penetrant mutations or CNVs in ASD suggest that ASD risk genes converge on several major signaling pathways linked to altered neuronal connectivity in the developing brain. This review briefly summarizes the evidence implicating dysfunctional signaling via Ca(2+)-dependent mechanisms, extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (PI3K) and neuroligin-neurexin-SHANK as convergent molecular mechanisms in ASD, and then discusses examples of environmental chemicals for which there is emerging evidence of their potential to interfere with normal neuronal connectivity via perturbation of these signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Stamou
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California at Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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Fatemi SH, Aldinger KA, Ashwood P, Bauman ML, Blaha CD, Blatt GJ, Chauhan A, Chauhan V, Dager SR, Dickson PE, Estes AM, Goldowitz D, Heck DH, Kemper TL, King BH, Martin LA, Millen KJ, Mittleman G, Mosconi MW, Persico AM, Sweeney JA, Webb SJ, Welsh JP. Consensus paper: pathological role of the cerebellum in autism. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2012; 11:777-807. [PMID: 22370873 PMCID: PMC3677555 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-012-0355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 481] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
There has been significant advancement in various aspects of scientific knowledge concerning the role of cerebellum in the etiopathogenesis of autism. In the current consensus paper, we will observe the diversity of opinions regarding the involvement of this important site in the pathology of autism. Recent emergent findings in literature related to cerebellar involvement in autism are discussed, including: cerebellar pathology, cerebellar imaging and symptom expression in autism, cerebellar genetics, cerebellar immune function, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, GABAergic and glutamatergic systems, cholinergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic, and oxytocin-related changes in autism, motor control and cognitive deficits, cerebellar coordination of movements and cognition, gene-environment interactions, therapeutics in autism, and relevant animal models of autism. Points of consensus include presence of abnormal cerebellar anatomy, abnormal neurotransmitter systems, oxidative stress, cerebellar motor and cognitive deficits, and neuroinflammation in subjects with autism. Undefined areas or areas requiring further investigation include lack of treatment options for core symptoms of autism, vermal hypoplasia, and other vermal abnormalities as a consistent feature of autism, mechanisms underlying cerebellar contributions to cognition, and unknown mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hossein Fatemi
- University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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He C, Wang C, Zhou Y, Li J, Zuo Z. Embryonic exposure to benzo(a)pyrene influences neural development and function in rockfish (Sebastiscus marmoratus). Neurotoxicology 2012; 33:758-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 11/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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He C, Wang C, Li B, Wu M, Geng H, Chen Y, Zuo Z. Exposure of Sebastiscus marmoratus embryos to pyrene results in neurodevelopmental defects and disturbs related mechanisms. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 116-117:109-115. [PMID: 22487263 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread environmental contaminants, which are known to be carcinogenic and teratogenic. These compounds cause a range of macroscopic malformations, particularly to the craniofacial apparatus and cardiovascular system during vertebrate development. However, little is known concerning microscopic effects, especially on the sensitive early life stages or on the molecular basis of developmental neurotoxicity. Using the rockfish (Sebastiscus marmoratus), we explored the neurodevelopmental defects caused by early-life exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of pyrene, a 4-ring PAH. The results showed that pyrene substantially disrupted the cranial innervation pattern and caused deficiency of motor nerves. The expression of a protein associated with axon growth, growth associated protein 43, was decreased in the central nervous system after treatment with pyrene. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) plays a vital role in a variety of processes, including neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, and neuronal survival and death. Our results showed that the expression of Ca²⁺/calmodulin dependent kinase II and cAMP-response element-binding, which belong to the NMDAR pathway, were increased in a dose-dependent manner after exposure to pyrene. Acetylcholine, an important neurotransmitter which is known to suppress retinal cells neurite outgrowth, was increased by pyrene exposure. Nitric oxide (NO) acts as an activity-dependent retrograde signal that can coordinate axonal targeting and synaptogenesis during development. The level of NO was decreased in a dose-dependent manner following exposure to pyrene. Taken together, the defects in neurodevelopment and the damage to related mechanisms provided the basis for a better understanding of the neurotoxic effects of pyrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyong He
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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G.E. J, Pratap S, Ramesh A, Hood D. In utero exposure to benzo(a)pyrene predisposes offspring to cardiovascular dysfunction in later-life. Toxicology 2012; 295:56-67. [PMID: 22374506 PMCID: PMC3575114 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Revised: 01/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In utero exposure of the fetus to benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P], a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is thought to dysregulate cardiovascular development. To investigate the effects of in utero B(a)P exposure on cardiovascular development, timed-pregnant Long Evans Hooded (LEH) rats were exposed to diluent or B(a)P (150, 300, 600 and 1200 μg/kg/BW) by oral gavage on embryonic (E) days E14 (the metamorphosing embryo stage) through E17 (the 1st fetal stage). There were no significant effects of in utero exposure to B(a)P on the number of pups born per litter or in pre-weaning growth curves. Pre-weaning profiles for B(a)P metabolite generation from cardiovascular tissue were shown to be dose-dependent and elimination of these metabolites was shown to be time-dependent in exposed offspring. Systolic blood pressure on postnatal day P53 in the middle and high exposure groups of offspring were significantly elevated as compared to controls. Microarray and quantitative real-time PCR results were directly relevant to a biological process pathway in animal models for "regulation of blood pressure". Microarray and quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed upregulation of mRNA expression for angiotensin (AngII), angiotensinogen (AGT) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in exposed offspring. Biological network analysis and gene set enrichment analysis subsequently identified potential signaling mechanisms and molecular pathways that might explain the elevated systolic blood pressures observed in B(a)P-exposed offspring. Our findings suggest that in utero exposure to B(a)P predispose offspring to functional deficits in cardiovascular development that may contribute to cardiovascular dysfunction in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules G.E.
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Environmental-Health Disparities and Medicine, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - S. Pratap
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Microarray/Bioinformatics Core, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - A. Ramesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
| | - D.B. Hood
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Environmental-Health Disparities and Medicine, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
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Li Z, Chadalapaka G, Ramesh A, Khoshbouei H, Maguire M, Safe S, Rhoades RE, Clark R, Jules G, McCallister M, Aschner M, Hood DB. PAH particles perturb prenatal processes and phenotypes: protection from deficits in object discrimination afforded by dampening of brain oxidoreductase following in utero exposure to inhaled benzo(a)pyrene. Toxicol Sci 2012; 125:233-247. [PMID: 21987461 PMCID: PMC3243744 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfr261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The wild-type (WT) Cpr(lox/lox) (cytochrome P(450) oxidoreductase, Cpr) mouse is an ideal model to assess the contribution of P(450) enzymes to the metabolic activation and disposition of environmental xenobiotics. In the present study, we examined the effect of in utero exposure to benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] aerosol on Sp4 and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-dependent systems as well as a resulting behavioral phenotype (object discrimination) in Cpr offspring. Results from in utero exposure of WT Cpr(lox/lox) mice were compared with in utero exposed brain-Cpr-null offspring mice. Null mice were used as they do not express brain cytochrome P(450)1B1-associated NADPH oxidoreductase (CYP1B1-associated NADPH oxidoreductase), thus reducing their capacity to produce neural B(a)P metabolites. Subsequent to in utero (E14-E17) exposure to B(a)P (100 μg/m(3)), Cpr(lox/lox) offspring exhibited: (1) elevated B(a)P metabolite and F(2)-isoprostane neocortical tissue burdens, (2) elevated concentrations of cortical glutamate, (3) premature developmental expression of Sp4, (4) decreased subunit ratios of NR2B:NR2A, and (5) deficits in a novelty discrimination phenotype monitored to in utero exposed brain-Cpr-null offspring. Collectively, these findings suggest that in situ generation of metabolites by CYP1B1-associated NADPH oxidoreductase promotes negative effects on NMDA-mediated signaling processes during the period when synapses are first forming as well as effects on a subsequent behavioral phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Li
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - Gayathri Chadalapaka
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4466
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas 77030-3303
| | | | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department of Physiology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - Mark Maguire
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4466
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Houston, Texas 77030-3303
| | - Raina E. Rhoades
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - Ryan Clark
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | - George Jules
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
| | | | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Pediatrics
- Department of Pharmacology, Center in Molecular Toxicology and Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37212
| | - Darryl B. Hood
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee 37208
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Qiu C, Cheng S, Xia Y, Peng B, Tang Q, Tu B. Effects of subchronic benzo(a)pyrene exposure on neurotransmitter receptor gene expression in the rats hippocampus related with spatial learning and memory change. Toxicology 2011; 289:83-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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