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Mo L, Mo M, Yang C, Lin W. Enhancing RNA detection and breast cancer subtyping with a universal 3D-hybridization chain reaction system. Talanta 2024; 277:126387. [PMID: 38876028 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer, a globally prevalent malignancy, is characterized by pronounced heterogeneity. Accurate subtyping requires the simultaneous detection of different biomarkers, which is crucial for personalized treatment strategies. However, existing methodologies are hindered by limited versatility and sensing performance. To overcome these hurdles, this study presents a universal 3D-Hybridization Chain Reaction (3D-HCR) system for RNA detection and subtype-specific diagnosis of breast cancer. The system integrated a universal trigger for HCR, thereby circumventing the need for complex sequence design and enabling the analysis of various RNA targets. Leveraging the spatial-confinement effect offered by DNA nanocarriers, this system exhibited superior amplification efficiency, achieving detection limits of 3.83 pM and 4.96 pM for PD-L1 mRNA and miR-21, respectively. Importantly, the system could differentiate between triple-negative breast cancer and estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer in both living cells and clinical tissues. These findings underscore the potential of the universal 3D-HCR system as a promising tool in clinical diagnostics. With its proven proficiency in breast cancer diagnostics and versatility in RNA analysis, this system holds the promise of broadening the horizons of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Mo
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, PR China
| | - Mingxiu Mo
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, PR China
| | - Chan Yang
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, PR China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, PR China.
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Al-Hassinah S, Al-Daihan S, Alahmadi M, Alghamdi S, Almulhim R, Obeid D, Arabi Y, Alswaji A, Aldriwesh M, Alghoribi M. Interplay of Demographic Influences, Clinical Manifestations, and Longitudinal Profile of Laboratory Parameters in the Progression of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Insights from the Saudi Population. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1022. [PMID: 38792852 PMCID: PMC11124088 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12051022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the factors driving SARS-CoV-2 infection progression and severity is complex due to the dynamic nature of human physiology. Therefore, we aimed to explore the severity risk indicators of SARS-CoV-2 through demographic data, clinical manifestations, and the profile of laboratory parameters. The study included 175 patients either hospitalized at King Abdulaziz Medical City-Riyadh or placed in quarantine at designated hotels in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from June 2020 to April 2021. Hospitalized patients were followed up through the first week of admission. Demographic data, clinical presentations, and laboratory results were retrieved from electronic patient records. Our results revealed that older age (OR: 1.1, CI: [1.1-1.12]; p < 0.0001), male gender (OR: 2.26, CI: [1.0-5.1]; p = 0.047), and blood urea nitrogen level (OR: 2.56, CI: [1.07-6.12]; p = 0.034) were potential predictors of severity level. In conclusion, the study showed that apart from laboratory parameters, age and gender could potentially predict the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the early stages. To our knowledge, this study is the first in Saudi Arabia to explore the longitudinal profile of laboratory parameters among risk factors, shedding light on SARS-CoV-2 infection progression parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Al-Hassinah
- Infectious Diseases Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-H.); (S.A.); (Y.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sooad Al-Daihan
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mashael Alahmadi
- Research Office, Saudi National Institute of Health (SNIH), Riyadh 12382, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sara Alghamdi
- Infectious Diseases Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-H.); (S.A.); (Y.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Rawabi Almulhim
- Infection Prevention and Control Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Dalia Obeid
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yaseen Arabi
- Infectious Diseases Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-H.); (S.A.); (Y.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
- Intensive Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alswaji
- Infectious Diseases Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-H.); (S.A.); (Y.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Marwh Aldriwesh
- Infectious Diseases Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-H.); (S.A.); (Y.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Alghoribi
- Infectious Diseases Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.-H.); (S.A.); (Y.A.); (A.A.); (M.A.)
- Department of Basic Science, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia
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Gajate-Arenas M, Fricke-Galindo I, García-Pérez O, Domínguez-de-Barros A, Pérez-Rubio G, Dorta-Guerra R, Buendía-Roldán I, Chávez-Galán L, Lorenzo-Morales J, Falfán-Valencia R, Córdoba-Lanús E. The Immune Response of OAS1, IRF9, and IFI6 Genes in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4632. [PMID: 38731851 PMCID: PMC11083791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is characterized by a wide range of clinical manifestations, where aging, underlying diseases, and genetic background are related to worse outcomes. In the present study, the differential expression of seven genes related to immunity, IRF9, CCL5, IFI6, TGFB1, IL1B, OAS1, and TFRC, was analyzed in individuals with COVID-19 diagnoses of different disease severities. Two-step RT-qPCR was performed to determine the relative gene expression in whole-blood samples from 160 individuals. The expression of OAS1 (p < 0.05) and IFI6 (p < 0.05) was higher in moderate hospitalized cases than in severe ones. Increased gene expression of OAS1 (OR = 0.64, CI = 0.52-0.79; p = 0.001), IRF9 (OR = 0.581, CI = 0.43-0.79; p = 0.001), and IFI6 (OR = 0.544, CI = 0.39-0.69; p < 0.001) was associated with a lower risk of requiring IMV. Moreover, TGFB1 (OR = 0.646, CI = 0.50-0.83; p = 0.001), CCL5 (OR = 0.57, CI = 0.39-0.83; p = 0.003), IRF9 (OR = 0.80, CI = 0.653-0.979; p = 0.03), and IFI6 (OR = 0.827, CI = 0.69-0.991; p = 0.039) expression was associated with patient survival. In conclusion, the relevance of OAS1, IRF9, and IFI6 in controlling the viral infection was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malena Gajate-Arenas
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-d.-B.); (R.D.-G.)
| | - Ingrid Fricke-Galindo
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (I.F.-G.); (G.P.-R.); (R.F.-V.)
| | - Omar García-Pérez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-d.-B.); (R.D.-G.)
| | - Angélica Domínguez-de-Barros
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-d.-B.); (R.D.-G.)
| | - Gloria Pérez-Rubio
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (I.F.-G.); (G.P.-R.); (R.F.-V.)
| | - Roberto Dorta-Guerra
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-d.-B.); (R.D.-G.)
- Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Sciences, Mathematics Section, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ivette Buendía-Roldán
- Translational Research Laboratory on Aging and Pulmonary Fibrosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Leslie Chávez-Galán
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-d.-B.); (R.D.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Toxicology, Legal and Forensic Medicine and Parasitology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (I.F.-G.); (G.P.-R.); (R.F.-V.)
| | - Elizabeth Córdoba-Lanús
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna, 38029 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain; (M.G.-A.); (O.G.-P.); (A.D.-d.-B.); (R.D.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Vajdi M, Karimi A, Hassanizadeh S, Farhangi MA, Bagherniya M, Askari G, Roufogalis BD, Davies NM, Sahebkar A. Effect of polyphenols against complications of COVID-19: current evidence and potential efficacy. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:307-327. [PMID: 38498260 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic that started in 2019 and resulted in significant morbidity and mortality continues to be a significant global health challenge, characterized by inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune system dysfunction.. Developing therapies for preventing or treating COVID-19 remains an important goal for pharmacology and drug development research. Polyphenols are effective against various viral infections and can be extracted and isolated from plants without losing their therapeutic potential. Researchers have developed methods for separating and isolating polyphenols from complex matrices. Polyphenols are effective in treating common viral infections, including COVID-19, and can also boost immunity. Polyphenolic-based antiviral medications can mitigate SARS-CoV-2 enzymes vital to virus replication and infection. Individual polyphenolic triterpenoids, flavonoids, anthraquinonoids, and tannins may also inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 protease. Polyphenol pharmacophore structures identified to date can explain their action and lead to the design of novel anti-COVID-19 compounds. Polyphenol-containing mixtures offer the advantages of a well-recognized safety profile with few known severe side effects. However, studies to date are limited, and further animal studies and randomized controlled trials are needed in future studies. The purpose of this study was to review and present the latest findings on the therapeutic impact of plant-derived polyphenols on COVID-19 infection and its complications. Exploring alternative approaches to traditional therapies could aid in developing novel drugs and remedies against coronavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Vajdi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arash Karimi
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Shirin Hassanizadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Department of Community Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Basil D Roufogalis
- Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Neal M Davies
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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5
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Tariq MU, Ismail SB. AI-powered COVID-19 forecasting: a comprehensive comparison of advanced deep learning methods. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2024; 15:115-136. [PMID: 38621765 PMCID: PMC11082441 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to pose significant challenges to the public health sector, including that of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The objective of this study was to assess the efficiency and accuracy of various deep-learning models in forecasting COVID-19 cases within the UAE, thereby aiding the nation's public health authorities in informed decision-making. METHODS This study utilized a comprehensive dataset encompassing confirmed COVID-19 cases, demographic statistics, and socioeconomic indicators. Several advanced deep learning models, including long short-term memory (LSTM), bidirectional LSTM, convolutional neural network (CNN), CNN-LSTM, multilayer perceptron, and recurrent neural network (RNN) models, were trained and evaluated. Bayesian optimization was also implemented to fine-tune these models. RESULTS The evaluation framework revealed that each model exhibited different levels of predictive accuracy and precision. Specifically, the RNN model outperformed the other architectures even without optimization. Comprehensive predictive and perspective analytics were conducted to scrutinize the COVID-19 dataset. CONCLUSION This study transcends academic boundaries by offering critical insights that enable public health authorities in the UAE to deploy targeted data-driven interventions. The RNN model, which was identified as the most reliable and accurate for this specific context, can significantly influence public health decisions. Moreover, the broader implications of this research validate the capability of deep learning techniques in handling complex datasets, thus offering the transformative potential for predictive accuracy in the public health and healthcare sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman Tariq
- Marketing, Operations, and Information System, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Univesiti Tun Hussien Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Malaysia
| | - Shuhaida Binti Ismail
- Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Univesiti Tun Hussien Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Malaysia
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Hussein HAM, Thabet AA, Wardany AA, El-Adly AM, Ali M, Hassan MEA, Abdeldayem MAB, Mohamed ARMA, Sobhy A, El-Mokhtar MA, Afifi MM, Fathy SM, Sultan S. SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: role of viral proteins and genomic diversity in virus infection and COVID-19 progression. Virol J 2024; 21:75. [PMID: 38539202 PMCID: PMC10967059 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02342-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); a severe respiratory distress that has emerged from the city of Wuhan, Hubei province, China during December 2019. COVID-19 is currently the major global health problem and the disease has now spread to most countries in the world. COVID-19 has profoundly impacted human health and activities worldwide. Genetic mutation is one of the essential characteristics of viruses. They do so to adapt to their host or to move to another one. Viral genetic mutations have a high potentiality to impact human health as these mutations grant viruses unique unpredicted characteristics. The difficulty in predicting viral genetic mutations is a significant obstacle in the field. Evidence indicates that SARS-CoV-2 has a variety of genetic mutations and genomic diversity with obvious clinical consequences and implications. In this review, we comprehensively summarized and discussed the currently available knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks with a fundamental focus on the role of the viral proteins and their mutations in viral infection and COVID-19 progression. We also summarized the clinical implications of SARS-CoV-2 variants and how they affect the disease severity and hinder vaccine development. Finally, we provided a massive phylogenetic analysis of the spike gene of 214 SARS-CoV-2 isolates from different geographical regions all over the world and their associated clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosni A M Hussein
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Ali A Thabet
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Wardany
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Adly
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E A Hassan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A B Abdeldayem
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Ali Sobhy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, 71524, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Mokhtar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos Campus, Lebanon
| | - Magdy M Afifi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samah M Fathy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
| | - Serageldeen Sultan
- Department of Microbiology, Virology Division, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, South Valley University, 83523, Qena, Egypt.
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Karch JL, Okorie CL, Maymone MBC, Laughter M, Vashi NA. Vascular cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 and RNA viral pathogens: a systematic review. Clin Exp Dermatol 2024; 49:313-324. [PMID: 37936304 DOI: 10.1093/ced/llad377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19, the widely recognized and highly contagious respiratory tract infection, has had a substantial impact on the field of dermatology since its emergence in 2019. SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus of COVID-19, is classified as an RNA virus. Various skin-related symptoms have been reported in patients with COVID-19, most notably the distinctive purple-red acral rash resembling chilblain lesions, commonly referred to as 'COVID toe'; similarly, skin-related symptoms have been observed in connection with other RNA viruses. OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship between RNA viruses and their associated vascular cutaneous manifestations vs. those observed in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed and medical subject heading terms related to RNA viruses and related skin manifestations. RESULTS In total, 3994 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 presenting with skin rashes were included. Chilblain-like lesions were most frequently observed (30.2%), followed by erythematous maculopapular/morbilliform rashes (9.1%) and urticarial rashes (4.7%). Of 8362 patients diagnosed with RNA viruses, more than half of the skin findings reported were erythematous/maculopapular/morbilliform rashes (52.3%), followed by unspecified (11.3%) and purpuric rashes (10.6%). CONCLUSIONS When comparing RNA viral infections with COVID-19 infection, we observed similarities in the reported skin manifestations and their presumed pathways, with many implicated in the proinflammatory response. Owing to the wide range of cutaneous symptoms associated with RNA viruses and our currently limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms, additional research is warranted to investigate the pathology behind viral-induced skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Karch
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Chiamaka L Okorie
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Mayra B C Maymone
- Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Melissa Laughter
- Department of Dermatology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neelam A Vashi
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, US Department of Veteran Affairs, Boston Health Care System, Boston, MA, USA
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Bastidas-Goyes AR, Tuta-Quintero E, Aguilar MF, Mora AV, Aponte HC, Villamizar JM, Galeano S, Mejia P, Muñoz M, Paredes S, Pumarejo D, Barragan MDM. Performance of oxygenation indices and risk scores to predict invasive mechanical ventilation and mortality in COVID-19. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:68. [PMID: 38308270 PMCID: PMC10835882 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02807-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information on the performance of oxygenation indices (OIs) and risk scores in patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is limited. We determine the performance of the OIs and risk scores in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 to predict the requirement of IMV and death at 28 days after admission. METHODS A retrospective study of diagnostic tests in patients admitted to the emergency department, hospitalization, and intensive care unit diagnosed with COVID-19. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-curve) were built with the OIs and risk scores to predict IMV and mortality. RESULTS A total of 1402 subjects entered the final analysis, of whom 19.5% (274/1402) received IMV and 23.0% (323/1402) died at 28 days. The ROC-curve of the delta PaO2/FiO2 ratio for the requirement of IMV and mortality at 28-day was 0.589 (95% CI: 0.546-0.632) and 0.567 (95% CI: 0.526-0.608), respectively. PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 shows a ROC curve of 0.669 (95% CI: 0.628-0.711) to predict IMV. PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 and 4 C mortality score in mortality at 28 days showed an ROC-curve of 0.624 (95% CI: 0.582-0.667) and 0.706 (95% CI: 0.669-0.742), respectively. CONCLUSION PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300, 4 C mortality score ≥ 8, SOFA score ≥ 4 y SaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 were weak predictors of the IMV requirement from admission, and 4 C mortality score ≥ 8 was weak predictors of the mortality from admission in patients with pulmonary involvement by COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alirio R Bastidas-Goyes
- School of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Northern highway. Chía, Chía, Cundinamarca 140013, Colombia.
| | - Eduardo Tuta-Quintero
- School of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Northern highway. Chía, Chía, Cundinamarca 140013, Colombia
| | - Maria F Aguilar
- School of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Northern highway. Chía, Chía, Cundinamarca 140013, Colombia
| | - Angélica V Mora
- School of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Northern highway. Chía, Chía, Cundinamarca 140013, Colombia
| | | | - Jesus M Villamizar
- School of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Northern highway. Chía, Chía, Cundinamarca 140013, Colombia
| | - Susana Galeano
- School of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Northern highway. Chía, Chía, Cundinamarca 140013, Colombia
| | - Paola Mejia
- School of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Northern highway. Chía, Chía, Cundinamarca 140013, Colombia
| | - Maria Muñoz
- School of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Northern highway. Chía, Chía, Cundinamarca 140013, Colombia
| | - Sara Paredes
- School of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Northern highway. Chía, Chía, Cundinamarca 140013, Colombia
| | - Doris Pumarejo
- School of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Northern highway. Chía, Chía, Cundinamarca 140013, Colombia
| | - Maria Del Mar Barragan
- School of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Universidad de La Sabana, Km 7, Northern highway. Chía, Chía, Cundinamarca 140013, Colombia
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9
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Athanassiou L, Kostoglou-Athanassiou I, Nikolakopoulou S, Konstantinou A, Mascha O, Siarkos E, Samaras C, Athanassiou P, Shoenfeld Y. Vitamin D Levels as a Marker of Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:210. [PMID: 38398719 PMCID: PMC10890332 DOI: 10.3390/life14020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus may cause severe infection, which is associated with diverse clinical manifestations. Vitamin D has immunomodulating properties and may enhance the body's defense system against invading pathogenic organisms. The aim was to assess 25(OH)D3 levels in patients hospitalized for severe infection from the SARS-CoV-2 virus and explore the relationship between 25(OH)D3 and outcomes. In a group of 88 patients hospitalized for severe infection from the SARS-CoV-2 virus and a control group matched for age and sex, the levels of 25(OH)D3 were analyzed. Levels of 25(OH)D3 were 17.36 ± 8.80 ng/mL (mean ± SD) compared with 24.34 ± 10.34 ng/mL in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and the control group, respectively, p < 0.001 (Student's t-test). 25(OH)D3 levels were significantly related to outcomes, i.e., survival as opposed to non-survival, as more patients with 25(OH)D3 deficiency (0-10 ng/mL) and insufficiency (10-20 ng/mL) had a fatal outcome as compared with those with vitamin D sufficiency (p < 0.001, chi-square test, p < 0.001, Fisher's exact test). Levels of 25(OH)D3 were inversely related to C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, d-dimer, and fibrinogen levels (p < 0.001, linear regression analysis, beta coefficient of variation, -0.176, -0.160, -0.178, and -0.158, respectively). Vitamin D deficiency observed in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection was related to disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lambros Athanassiou
- COVID-19 Department, Asclepeion Hospital, Voula, GR16673 Athens, Greece; (L.A.); (S.N.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (C.S.)
| | | | - Sofia Nikolakopoulou
- COVID-19 Department, Asclepeion Hospital, Voula, GR16673 Athens, Greece; (L.A.); (S.N.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Alexandra Konstantinou
- COVID-19 Department, Asclepeion Hospital, Voula, GR16673 Athens, Greece; (L.A.); (S.N.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Olga Mascha
- Department of Biochemistry, Asclepeion Hospital, Voula, GR16673 Athens, Greece;
| | - Evangelos Siarkos
- COVID-19 Department, Asclepeion Hospital, Voula, GR16673 Athens, Greece; (L.A.); (S.N.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Charilaos Samaras
- COVID-19 Department, Asclepeion Hospital, Voula, GR16673 Athens, Greece; (L.A.); (S.N.); (A.K.); (E.S.); (C.S.)
| | | | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Reichman University, Herzelya 4610101, Israel;
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10
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Labib HA, Ali RM, Tharwat AI. Can statins reduce mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients? A retrospective cohort study. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/11101849.2023.2173205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heba A. Labib
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care, and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M. Ali
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care, and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman I. Tharwat
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care, and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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11
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Purrmann L, Speichert LJ, Bäuerle A, Teufel M, Krakowczyk JB, Beckord J, Felderhoff-Müser U, Skoda EM, Dinse H. COVID-19 Vaccine for Children: Determinants and Beliefs Contributing to Vaccination Decision of Parents in Germany 2021/2022. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:20. [PMID: 38250833 PMCID: PMC10820980 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
To reduce the number of COVID-19 cases, vaccines were rapidly made available worldwide. For a strategically targeted response to the COVID-19 pandemic, population vaccination coverage was to be maximized. The target groups also included healthy children. In this context, it is important to understand the determinants and beliefs that lead parents to favor or oppose COVID-19 immunization in children. This study aimed to investigate parents' COVID-19 vaccination willingness in Germany for children aged 5-11 years in 2021/2022. For this purpose, the determinants and beliefs behind parents' vaccination decisions were examined. Descriptive analysis and bivariate correlations were performed on COVID-19 vaccination willingness and parents' mental health status, general vaccination attitudes, and SARS-CoV-2 politics perceptions. In total, 2401 participants fully participated in this cross-sectional study. The COVID-19 vaccination uptake (71.4%) outweighed the vaccination refusal (19.4%). Correlations revealed higher vaccine acceptance in parents presenting full vaccination certificates (90.9%), COVID-19 immunizations (99.9%), or increased COVID-19 fear (93.6%). Vaccination-refusal was associated with higher perceived pressure by COVID-19 vaccination campaigns (87.7%), higher experienced restrictions due to COVID-19 protective measures in parents' social environment (83.6%), and engagement against COVID-19 protective measures (51.6%). Besides general anxiety, no significant correlations were observed between parents' mental health variables and vaccination willingness. Although several factors are ultimately associated with vaccination willingness, future vaccination campaigns should prioritize reducing pressure, increasing trust, and considering parents' differentiation between familiar and unfamiliar pathogens during their vaccination decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Purrmann
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR-University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Leoni-Johanna Speichert
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR-University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Alexander Bäuerle
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR-University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Teufel
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR-University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Julia Barbara Krakowczyk
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR-University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Jil Beckord
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR-University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Ursula Felderhoff-Müser
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Skoda
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR-University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Hannah Dinse
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR-University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
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12
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Hu W, Meng L, Wang C, Lu W, Tong X, Lin R, Xu T, Chen L, Cui A, Xu X, Li A, Tang J, Gao H, Pei Z, Zhang R, Wang Y, Wang Y, Han W, Jiang N, Xiong C, Feng Y, Lee K, Chen M. Spatiotemporal observations of host-pathogen interactions in mucosa during SARS-CoV-2 infection indicate a protective role of ILC2s. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0087823. [PMID: 37937994 PMCID: PMC10714800 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00878-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Our study revealed the spatial interaction between humanized ACE2 and pseudovirus expressing Spike, emphasizing the role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells during the initial phase of viral infection. These findings provide a foundation for the development of mucosal vaccines and other treatment approaches for both pre- and post-infection management of coronavirus disease 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Meng
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhan Lu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tong
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - An Cui
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anni Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Tang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongru Gao
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenle Pei
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruonan Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yicong Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wendong Han
- Biosafety Level 3 Laboratory, Shanghai Medical College Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglong Xiong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuinyu Lee
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingquan Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Lei S, Guo A, Lu J, Qi Q, Devanathan AS, Zhu J, Ma X. Activation of PXR causes drug interactions with Paxlovid in transgenic mice. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:4502-4510. [PMID: 37969744 PMCID: PMC10638548 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Paxlovid is a nirmatrelvir (NMV) and ritonavir (RTV) co-packaged medication used for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The active component of Paxlovid is NMV and RTV is a pharmacokinetic booster. Our work aimed to investigate the drug/herb-drug interactions associated with Paxlovid and provide mechanism-based guidance for the clinical use of Paxlovid. By using recombinant human cytochrome P450s (CYPs), we confirmed that CYP3A4 and 3A5 are the major enzymes responsible for NMV metabolism. The role of CYP3A in Paxlovid metabolism were further verified in Cyp3a-null mice, which showed that the deficiency of CYP3A significantly suppressed the metabolism of NMV and RTV. Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that upregulates CYP3A4/5 expression. We next explored the impact of drug- and herb-mediated PXR activation on Paxlovid metabolism in a transgenic mouse model expressing human PXR and CYP3A4/5. We found that PXR activation increased CYP3A4/5 expression, accelerated NMV metabolism, and reduced the systemic exposure of NMV. In summary, our work demonstrated that PXR activation can cause drug interactions with Paxlovid, suggesting that PXR-activating drugs and herbs should be used cautiously in COVID-19 patients receiving Paxlovid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saifei Lei
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Alice Guo
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jie Lu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Qian Qi
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Aaron S. Devanathan
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Junjie Zhu
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Xiaochao Ma
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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14
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Nawsuwan K, Oupra R, Singweratham N, Thepaksorn P. Uncovering the underlying aspects of successful COVID-19 prevention and control in Thailand through factor analysis: Lessons we have not yet learned from village health volunteers. BELITUNG NURSING JOURNAL 2023; 9:505-511. [PMID: 37901369 PMCID: PMC10600699 DOI: 10.33546/bnj.2735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a global challenge, leading different nations to adopt diverse strategies for prevention and control. In Thailand, Village Health Volunteers (VHVs) have played a pivotal role in the fight against the virus. As the pandemic unfolded, the critical role of VHVs became apparent, prompting a closer examination of their practices and the underlying factors contributing to their effectiveness. Objective This study aimed to uncover the underlying factors and indicators contributing to the successful prevention and control of COVID-19 by VHVs in Thailand. Methods The sample group included 10,400 VHVs nationwide. Data were collected from October 2020 to February 2021 using five-point Likert rating scale online questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Exploratory Factor Analysis technique, with Principal Component Analysis and the orthogonal Varimax method. Results The study revealed nine effective factors and 52 indicators contributing to the prevention and control of COVID-19 in Thailand. The identified factors are as follows: 1) Personal precautions, 2) Proactive disease control strategy, 3) Awareness of COVID-19 severity, 4) Pride and job motivation, 5) Adequate medical equipment and support, 6) Communication, planning, and monitoring processes, 7) Self-care for health, 8) Data collection, record maintenance, and report submission, and 9) Proper hand washing. Conclusion This research emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach to community-based health interventions. It highlights the crucial role of VHVs in disseminating information, ensuring preparedness, and fostering a sense of responsibility among community members. This strategic approach will effectively contribute to ongoing efforts to successfully prevent and control the spread of COVID-19 and potential future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittiporn Nawsuwan
- Boromarajonani College of Nursing Songkhla, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Roshinee Oupra
- Boromarajonani College of Nursing Chiang Mai, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Phayong Thepaksorn
- Sirindhorn College of Public Health Trang, Faculty of Public Health and Allied Health Sciences, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Thailand
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15
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Oh Y, Jung YJ, Sujata P, Kim M, Yon DK, Lee SW, Cho K, Koyanagi A, Dai Z, Smith L, Shin JI, Kim E. Spin in randomized controlled trials of pharmacology in COVID-19: A systematic review. Account Res 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37818630 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2023.2269083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Spin, defined as the misrepresentation of the results of a study, could negate the validity of scientific findings. To explore the manifestation of spin, and identify the factors affecting spin in COVID-19 RCTs, a systematic review was performed from PubMed/Medline, National Institutes of Health, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science. RCTs on pharmacotherapy for COVID-19 with nonsignificant primary outcomes published in 2020 were included. 21 abstracts (33.9%) and 28 main texts (45.2%) were found to contain spin in at least one section. In the conclusion section, other spin strategies beautifying their findings that were not included in the abstract were found in the main texts. More factors influencing the level of spin were found in abstracts than in the main texts, but most of the levels of spin in abstracts were comparable to those in the main texts. Although common factors that affected the manifestation of spin in the main texts and abstracts were the sample size and type of journal, further research to determine multicollinearity between significant factors and the manifestation of spin is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkyoung Oh
- Data Science, Evidence-Based and Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Social and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youn-Joo Jung
- Data Science, Evidence-Based and Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Social and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Purja Sujata
- Data Science, Evidence-Based and Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Social and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Data Science, Evidence-Based and Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Social and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Centre for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Centre, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kyuyeon Cho
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zhaoli Dai
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, South Australia; and School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney Australia
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance, and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Paediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Kim
- Data Science, Evidence-Based and Clinical Research Laboratory, Department of Health, Social and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
- The Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Industry Management, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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16
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Gurung S, Karki S, Pathak BD, Yadav GK, Bhatta G, Thapa S, Banmala S, Thapa AJ, Roka K. Gastrointestinal symptoms among COVID-19 patients presenting to a primary health care center of Nepal: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1568. [PMID: 37720170 PMCID: PMC10501051 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major public health problem causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Apart from respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort are quite common among COVID-19 patients. The gastrointestinal tract can be a potential site for virus replication and feces a source of transmission. Thus, ignorance of enteric symptoms can hinder effective disease control. The objective of this study is to see the gastrointestinal manifestation of the disease and its effect on morbidity and mortality. Methods This observational cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out among 165 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients in primary health care of Gorkha, Nepal from March 1, 2021 to March 1, 2022. A systematic random sampling method was adopted while data were entered and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21. Results Of 165 patients, 97 patients (58.78%) had enteric involvement. Among gastrointestinal symptoms, diarrhea in 67 patients (40.6%) and nausea and/or vomiting in 66 patients (40%) were the most common symptoms, followed by abdominal pain in 27 patients (16.4%) and anorexia in 19 patients (11.5%). Of the majority of cases with gastrointestinal involvement, 63 (63%) were below 50 years of age. Many of the patients who received vaccination had gastrointestinal symptoms (79%). Complications like acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock, and arrhythmia developed in 9.7% of patients, with the death of eight patients. COVID-19 vaccination was associated with 4.32 times higher odds of having gastrointestinal involvement in subsequent COVID-19 infection. Conclusions Diarrhea followed by nausea/vomiting was among the most common gastrointestinal symptoms affecting younger age groups in our study. Enteric symptoms were more common among vaccinated people rather than among nonvaccinated ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekhar Gurung
- Department of Internal MedicineBharatpur HospitalChitwanNepal
| | - Saurab Karki
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences (NAIHS)Shree Birendra Hospital, ChhauniKathmanduNepal
| | | | - Gopal K. Yadav
- Department of Internal MedicinePokhariya HospitalParsaNepal
| | | | | | - Sabin Banmala
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences (NAIHS)Shree Birendra Hospital, ChhauniKathmanduNepal
| | - Anil J. Thapa
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences (NAIHS)Shree Birendra Hospital, ChhauniKathmanduNepal
| | - Kumar Roka
- Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences (NAIHS)Shree Birendra Hospital, ChhauniKathmanduNepal
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17
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Guo Z, Lin Q, Meng X. A Comparative Study on Deep Learning Models for COVID-19 Forecast. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2400. [PMID: 37685434 PMCID: PMC10486679 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11172400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a global health crisis with significant morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic disruptions. Understanding and predicting the dynamics of COVID-19 are crucial for public health interventions, resource allocation, and policy decisions. By developing accurate models, informed public health strategies can be devised, resource allocation can be optimized, and virus transmission can be reduced. Various mathematical and computational models have been developed to estimate transmission dynamics and forecast the pandemic's trajectories. However, the evolving nature of COVID-19 demands innovative approaches to enhance prediction accuracy. The machine learning technique, particularly the deep neural networks (DNNs), offers promising solutions by leveraging diverse data sources to improve prevalence predictions. In this study, three typical DNNs, including the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network, Physics-informed Neural Network (PINN), and Deep Operator Network (DeepONet), are employed to model and forecast COVID-19 spread. The training and testing data used in this work are the global COVID-19 cases in the year of 2021 from the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University. A seven-day moving average as well as the normalization techniques are employed to stabilize the training of deep learning models. We systematically investigate the effect of the number of training data on the predicted accuracy as well as the capability of long-term forecast in each model. Based on the relative L2 errors between the predictions from deep learning models and the reference solutions, the DeepONet, which is capable of learning hidden physics given the training data, outperforms the other two approaches in all test cases, making it a reliable tool for accurate forecasting the dynamics of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Guo
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Qingyi Lin
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xuhui Meng
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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18
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Wang Y, Chukwusa E, Koffman J, Curcin V. Public Opinions About Palliative and End-of-Life Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Twitter-Based Content Analysis. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e44774. [PMID: 37368840 PMCID: PMC10408639 DOI: 10.2196/44774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palliative and end-of-life care (PEoLC) played a critical role in relieving distress and providing grief support in response to the heavy toll caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about public opinions concerning PEoLC during the pandemic. Given that social media have the potential to collect real-time public opinions, an analysis of this evidence is vital to guide future policy-making. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to use social media data to investigate real-time public opinions regarding PEoLC during the COVID-19 crisis and explore the impact of vaccination programs on public opinions about PEoLC. METHODS This Twitter-based study explored tweets across 3 English-speaking countries: the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. From October 2020 to March 2021, a total of 7951 PEoLC-related tweets with geographic tags were retrieved and identified from a large-scale COVID-19 Twitter data set through the Twitter application programming interface. Topic modeling realized through a pointwise mutual information-based co-occurrence network and Louvain modularity was used to examine latent topics across the 3 countries and across 2 time periods (pre- and postvaccination program periods). RESULTS Commonalities and regional differences among PEoLC topics in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada were identified specifically: cancer care and care facilities were of common interest to the public across the 3 countries during the pandemic; the public expressed positive attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine and highlighted the protection it affords to PEoLC professionals; and although Twitter users shared their personal experiences about PEoLC in the web-based community during the pandemic, this was more prominent in the United States and Canada. The implementation of the vaccination programs raised the profile of the vaccine discussion; however, this did not influence public opinions about PEoLC. CONCLUSIONS Public opinions on Twitter reflected a need for enhanced PEoLC services during the COVID-19 pandemic. The insignificant impact of the vaccination program on public discussion on social media indicated that public concerns regarding PEoLC continued to persist even after the vaccination efforts. Insights gleaned from public opinions regarding PEoLC could provide some clues for policy makers on how to ensure high-quality PEoLC during public health emergencies. In this post-COVID-19 era, PEoLC professionals may wish to continue to examine social media and learn from web-based public discussion how to ease the long-lasting trauma caused by this crisis and prepare for public health emergencies in the future. Besides, our results showed social media's potential in acting as an effective tool to reflect public opinions in the context of PEoLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Wang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emeka Chukwusa
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Koffman
- Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Vasa Curcin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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19
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Papa A, Covino M, De Lucia SS, Del Gaudio A, Fiorani M, Polito G, Settanni CR, Piccioni A, Franceschi F, Gasbarrini A. Impact of COVID-19 in individuals with and without pre-existent digestive disorders with a particular focus on elderly patients. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4099-4119. [PMID: 37475841 PMCID: PMC10354572 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i26.4099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has several extrapulmonary symptoms. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are among the most frequent clinical manifestations of COVID-19, with severe consequences reported in elderly patients. Furthermore, the impact of COVID-19 on patients with pre-existing digestive diseases still needs to be fully elucidated, particularly in the older population. This review aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the GI tract, liver, and pancreas in individuals with and without previous digestive diseases, with a particular focus on the elderly, highlighting the distinctive characteristics observed in this population. Finally, the effectiveness and adverse events of the anti-COVID-19 vaccination in patients with digestive disorders and the peculiarities found in the elderly are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Papa
- CEMAD, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
- CEMAD, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Marcello Covino
- Department of Emergency, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy
- Emergency Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Sara Sofia De Lucia
- CEMAD, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Angelo Del Gaudio
- CEMAD, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Marcello Fiorani
- CEMAD, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Giorgia Polito
- CEMAD, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Carlo Romano Settanni
- Digestive Disease Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS - Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Andrea Piccioni
- Department of Emergency, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Department of Emergency, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
- Department of Emergency, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- CEMAD, Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive Diseases, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma 00168, Italy
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20
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Fomin G, Tabynov K, Islamov R, Turebekov N, Yessimseit D, Yerubaev T. Cytokine response and damages in the lungs of aging Syrian hamsters on a high-fat diet infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1223086. [PMID: 37520568 PMCID: PMC10375707 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1223086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertriglyceridemia, obesity, and aging are among the key risk factors for severe COVID-19 with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). One of the main prognostic biomarkers of ARDS is the level of cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in the blood. In our study, we modeled hyperglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia on 18-month-old Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). By 18 months, the animals showed such markers of aging as weight stabilization with a tendency to reduce it, polycystic liver disease, decreased motor activity, and foci of alopecia. The high-fat diet caused an increase in triglycerides and cholesterol, as well as fatty changes in the liver. On the third day after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, animals showed a decrease in weight in the groups with a high-fat diet. In the lungs of males on both diets, there was an increase in the concentration of IFN-α, as well as IL-6 in both males and females, regardless of the type of diet. At the same time, the levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ did not change in infected animals. Morphological studies of the lungs of hamsters with SARS-CoV-2 showed the presence of a pathological process characteristic of ARDS. These included bronchointerstitial pneumonia and diffuse alveolar damages. These observations suggest that in aging hamsters, the immune response to pro-inflammatory cytokines may be delayed to a later period. Hypertriglyceridemia, age, and gender affect the severity of COVID-19. These results will help to understand the pathogenesis of COVID-19 associated with age, gender, and disorders of fat metabolism in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb Fomin
- Central Reference Laboratory, Aikimbayev’s National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- Department of Biodiversity and Bioresources, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Kairat Tabynov
- Central Reference Laboratory, Aikimbayev’s National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan
- International Center for Vaccinology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Rinat Islamov
- Central Reference Laboratory, Aikimbayev’s National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Nurkeldi Turebekov
- Central Reference Laboratory, Aikimbayev’s National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Duman Yessimseit
- Central Reference Laboratory, Aikimbayev’s National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Toktasyn Yerubaev
- Central Reference Laboratory, Aikimbayev’s National Scientific Center for Especially Dangerous Infections, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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21
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Anteneh RM, Dessie AM, Azanaw MM, Anley DT, Melese BD, Feleke SF, Abebe TG, Muche AA. The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors among college and university students in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis, 2022. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1136031. [PMID: 37521996 PMCID: PMC10374415 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1136031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is a human tragedy that occurred in this era. It poses an unprecedented psychological, social, economic, and health crisis. The mental health and well-being of entire societies are suffering as a result of this crisis, but the suffering is greater in students at all levels of education and must be addressed immediately. Thus, this study was aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence and associated factors of the psychological impact of COVID-19 among higher education students. Methods The potential studies were searched via PubMed, HINARI, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Studies were appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal checklist. Micro Soft Excel was used to extract the data, which was then exported to Stata version 14 for analysis. Heterogeneity between studies was tested using Cochrane statistics and the I2 test, and small-study effects were checked using Egger's statistical test. A random-effects model was employed to estimate the pooled prevalence of the psychological impact of COVID-19 and its associated factor. Results After reviewing 227 studies, eight fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of the psychological impact of Corona virus disease 19 among higher education students in Ethiopia, including depression, anxiety, and stress was 43.49% (95% CI: 29.59, 57.40%), 46.27% (95% CI: 32.77, 59.78%), and 31.43% (95% CI: 22.71, 40.15), respectively. Having a medical illness, being an urban resident, living with parents, having relative death due to pandemics, and having a non-health field of study were identified as significant associated factors for the impact of the pandemic in higher education students. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant psychological impact on college and university students. Depression, anxiety, and stress were the most commonly reported psychological impacts across studies among higher education students. Hence, applying tele-psychotherapy using, smartphones, and social media platforms has an effect on reducing the impact. Programs for preventing and controlling epidemics should be developed by the government and higher education institutions that incorporate mental health interventions and build resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel Mulatie Anteneh
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Anteneh Mengist Dessie
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Melkalem Mamuye Azanaw
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Denekew Tenaw Anley
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Biruk Demissie Melese
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Sefineh Fenta Feleke
- Department Public Health, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
| | - Tiruayehu Getinet Abebe
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Achenef Asmamaw Muche
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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22
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Song JY, Huang JY, Hsu YC, Lo MT, Lin C, Shen TC, Liao MT, Lu KC. Coronavirus disease 2019 and cardiovascular disease. Tzu Chi Med J 2023; 35:213-220. [PMID: 37545802 PMCID: PMC10399840 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_219_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus behind the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, is a type of RNA virus that is nonsegmented. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) increase the mortality risk of patients. In this review article, we overview the existing evidence regarding the potential mechanisms of myocardial damage in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Having a comprehensive knowledge of the cardiovascular damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 and its underlying mechanisms is essential for providing prompt and efficient treatment, ultimately leading to a reduction in mortality rates. Severe COVID-19 causes acute respiratory distress syndrome and shock in patients. In addition, awareness regarding COVID-19 cardiovascular manifestations has increased, including the adverse impact on prognosis with cardiovascular involvement. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor may play a role in acute myocardial injury caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 patients experiencing heart failure may have their condition exacerbated by various contributing factors and mechanisms. Increased oxygen demand, myocarditis, stress cardiomyopathy, elevated pulmonary pressures, and venous thrombosis are potential health issues. The combination of these factors may lead to COVID-19-related cardiogenic shock, resulting in acute systolic heart failure. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are treatment options when inotropic support fails for effective circulatory support. To ensure effective COVID-19-related cardiovascular disease (CVD) surveillance, it is crucial to closely monitor the future host adaptation, viral evolution, and transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2, given the virus's pandemic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenn-Yeu Song
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jian-You Huang
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiung Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Men-Tzung Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chung Shen
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Tser Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
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23
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Austin W, Carattini S, Gomez-Mahecha J, Pesko MF. The effects of contemporaneous air pollution on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT 2023; 119:102815. [PMID: 37063946 PMCID: PMC10073864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeem.2023.102815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We examine the relationship between contemporaneous fine particulate matter exposure and COVID-19 morbidity and mortality using an instrumental variable approach. Harnessing daily changes in county-level wind direction, we show that arguably exogenous fluctuations in local air quality impact the incidence of confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths. We find that a one μ g/m 3 increase in PM 2.5, or 15% of the average PM 2.5 concentration in a county, increases the number of same-day confirmed cases by 1.8% from the mean case incidence in a county. A one μ g/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 increases the same-day death rate by just over 4% from the mean. These effects tend to increase in magnitude over longer time horizons and are robust to a host of sensitivity tests. When analyzing potential mechanisms, we also demonstrate that an additional unit of PM 2.5 increases COVID-19-related hospitalizations by 0.8% and use of intensive care units by 0.5% on the same day. Using individual case records, we also show that higher PM 2.5 exposure at the time of case confirmation increases risk of later mechanical ventilation and mortality. These results suggest that air pollution plays an important role in mediating the severity of respiratory syndromes such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wes Austin
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, United States
| | - Stefano Carattini
- Georgia State University, United States
- CESifo, Germany
- LSE, United Kingdom
- University of St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | - Michael F Pesko
- Georgia State University, United States
- Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Germany
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24
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Akase IE, Akintan PE, Otrofanowei E, Olopade OB, Olorunfemi G, Opawoye A, Ima-Edomwomyi UE, Akinbolagbe YO, Agabi OP, Nmadu DA, Akinbode GO, Olasope AC, Ogundare A, Bolarinwa AB, Otokiti EO, Enajeroh PJ, Karami M, Esezobor CI, Oshodi Y, Oluwole AA, Adeyemo WL, Bode CO. Clinical predictors of Covid-19 mortality in a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria: A retrospective cohort study. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:424-431. [PMID: 37203106 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_454_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Background The predictors of mortality among patients presenting with severe to critical disease in Nigeria are presently unknown. Aim The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of mortality among patients with COVID-19 presenting for admission in a tertiary referral hospital in Lagos, Nigeria. Patients and Methods The study was a retrospective study. Patients' sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, complications, treatment outcomes, and hospital duration were documented. Pearson's Chi-square, Fischer's Exact test, or Student's t-test were used to assess the relationship between the variables and mortality. To compare the survival experience across medical comorbidities, Kaplan Meir plots and life tables were used. Univariable and multivariable Cox-proportional hazard analyses were conducted. Results A total of 734 patients were recruited. Participants' age ranged from five months to 92 years, with a mean ± SD of 47.4 ± 17.2 years, and a male preponderance (58.5% vs. 41.5%). The mortality rate was 9.07 per thousand person-days. About 73.9% (n = 51/69) of the deceased had one or more co-morbidities, compared to 41.6% (252/606) of those discharged. Patients who were older than 50 years, with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic renal illness, and cancer had a statistically significant relationship with mortality. Conclusion These findings call for a more comprehensive approach to the control of non-communicable diseases, the allocation of sufficient resources for ICU care during outbreaks, an improvement in the quality of health care available to Nigerians, and further research into the relationship between obesity and COVID-19 in Nigerians.
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Affiliation(s)
- I E Akase
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - P E Akintan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - E Otrofanowei
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - O B Olopade
- Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - G Olorunfemi
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - A Opawoye
- Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - U E Ima-Edomwomyi
- Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Y O Akinbolagbe
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - O P Agabi
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - D A Nmadu
- Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - G O Akinbode
- Department of Surgery, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A C Olasope
- Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A Ogundare
- Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A B Bolarinwa
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - E O Otokiti
- Department of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - P J Enajeroh
- Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - M Karami
- Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - C I Esezobor
- Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Y Oshodi
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A A Oluwole
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - W L Adeyemo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - C O Bode
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
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25
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Mutoh Y, Umemura T, Nishikawa T, Kondo K, Nishina Y, Soejima K, Noguchi Y, Bando T, Ota S, Shimahara T, Hirota S, Hagimoto S, Takei R, Fukihara J, Sasano H, Yamano Y, Yokoyama T, Kataoka K, Matsuda T, Kimura T, Ichihara T, Kondoh Y. Real-World Experience of the Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir in High-Risk Patients with COVID-19 in a Community Setting. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030811. [PMID: 36992519 PMCID: PMC10054616 DOI: 10.3390/v15030811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Molnupiravir (MOV) and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NMV/r) are efficacious oral antiviral agents for patients with the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19). However, little is known about their effectiveness in older adults and those at high risk of disease progression. This retrospective single-center observational study assessed and compared the outcomes of COVID-19 treated with MOV and NMV/r in a real-world community setting. We included patients with confirmed COVID-19 combined with one or more risk factors for disease progression from June to October 2022. Of 283 patients, 79.9% received MOV and 20.1% NMV/r. The mean patient age was 71.7 years, 56.5% were men, and 71.7% had received ≥3 doses of vaccine. COVID-19-related hospitalization (2.8% and 3.5%, respectively; p = 0.978) or death (0.4% and 3.5%, respectively; p = 0.104) did not differ significantly between the MOV and NMV/r groups. The incidence of adverse events was 2.7% and 5.3%, and the incidence of treatment discontinuation was 2.7% and 5.3% in the MOV and NMV/r groups, respectively. The real-world effectiveness of MOV and NMV/r was similar among older adults and those at high risk of disease progression. The incidence of hospitalization or death was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Mutoh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Takumi Umemura
- Department of Infection Control Team, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishikawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Kaho Kondo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Yuta Nishina
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Soejima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Noguchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Bando
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Sho Ota
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Shimahara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Shuko Hirota
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hagimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Reoto Takei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Jun Fukihara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Hajime Sasano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Yamano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yokoyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kataoka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Matsuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kimura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Ichihara
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
- Department of Infection Control Team, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kondoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto 489-8642, Japan
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Raman G, Ashraf B, Demir YK, Kershaw CD, Cheruku S, Atis M, Atis A, Atar M, Chen W, Ibrahim I, Bat T, Mete M. Machine learning prediction for COVID-19 disease severity at hospital admission. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2023; 23:46. [PMID: 36882829 PMCID: PMC9990559 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-023-02132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Early prognostication of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who may require mechanical ventilation and have worse outcomes within 30 days of admission is useful for delivering appropriate clinical care and optimizing resource allocation. OBJECTIVE To develop machine learning models to predict COVID-19 severity at the time of the hospital admission based on a single institution data. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We established a retrospective cohort of patients with COVID-19 from University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center from May 2020 to March 2022. Easily accessible objective markers including basic laboratory variables and initial respiratory status were assessed using Random Forest's feature importance score to create a predictive risk score. Twenty-five significant variables were identified to be used in classification models. The best predictive models were selected with repeated tenfold cross-validation methods. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Among patients with COVID-19 admitted to the hospital, severity was defined by 30-day mortality (30DM) rates and need for mechanical ventilation. RESULTS This was a large, single institution COVID-19 cohort including total of 1795 patients. The average age was 59.7 years old with diverse heterogeneity. 236 (13%) required mechanical ventilation and 156 patients (8.6%) died within 30 days of hospitalization. Predictive accuracy of each predictive model was validated with the 10-CV method. Random Forest classifier for 30DM model had 192 sub-trees, and obtained 0.72 sensitivity and 0.78 specificity, and 0.82 AUC. The model used to predict MV has 64 sub-trees and returned obtained 0.75 sensitivity and 0.75 specificity, and 0.81 AUC. Our scoring tool can be accessed at https://faculty.tamuc.edu/mmete/covid-risk.html . CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, we developed a risk score based on objective variables of COVID-19 patients within six hours of admission to the hospital, therefore helping predict a patient's risk of developing critical illness secondary to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Raman
- grid.267313.20000 0000 9482 7121Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Bilal Ashraf
- grid.267313.20000 0000 9482 7121Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Yusuf Kemal Demir
- grid.266859.60000 0000 8598 2218School of Data Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC USA
| | - Corey D. Kershaw
- grid.267313.20000 0000 9482 7121Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Sreekanth Cheruku
- grid.267313.20000 0000 9482 7121Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Divisions of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Murat Atis
- grid.267313.20000 0000 9482 7121Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Ahsen Atis
- grid.267313.20000 0000 9482 7121Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Mustafa Atar
- grid.239578.20000 0001 0675 4725Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
| | - Weina Chen
- grid.267313.20000 0000 9482 7121Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Section, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Ibrahim Ibrahim
- grid.267313.20000 0000 9482 7121Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Taha Bat
- grid.267313.20000 0000 9482 7121Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390 USA
| | - Mutlu Mete
- grid.264758.a0000 0004 1937 0087Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Texas A&M University – Commerce, Commerce, TX 75429-3011 USA
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Eryılmaz-Eren E, Köker MY, Ulu-Kılıç A, Hürmet-Öz HT, Ay-Altıntop Y, Saatçi E, Özsoy S, Kılınç-Toker A, Topaloğlu US, Yüksel RC, Avcılar H, Beştepe-Dursun Z, Çelik İ. CD4 + T-Cell Depression is Linked to the Severity of COVID-19 and Predicts Mortality. INFECTIOUS DISEASES & CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2023; 5:23-30. [PMID: 38633909 PMCID: PMC10985810 DOI: 10.36519/idcm.2023.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Objective Most patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have abnormalities of lymphocyte subsets. This study aimed to determine the distribution of lymphocytes in patients with various severity levels of COVID-19 and to describe the relationship between the CD4+ T helper and prognosis. Materials and Methods Adult (>18 years old) patients with COVID-19 who followed up in a tertiary hospital were included in the study prospectively. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were obtained from the hospital records. Peripheral flow cytometry was studied in patients with different severity of COVID-19 and different prognoses. Next, we analyzed the characteristics and predictive values of lymphocyte subsets in COVID-19 patients. Results Totally 86 patients were included in the study, of which 21 (24.4%) had asymptomatic, 23 (26.7%) had mild/moderate, and 42 (48.8%) had severe/critical COVID-19. Severe/critical patients had lower lymphocyte levels and older age than asymptomatic patients (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). We determined that decreased CD4+ T cell ratio (p<0.001) and CD4+ /CD8+ ratio (p<0.001) were indicative of the severity of the disease. CD4+ T cell ratio on admission (odds ratio [OR]=0.858; p=0.033), day seven CD4+ T cell ratio (OR=0.840; p=0.029), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (OR=1.014; p=0.043) were prognostic factors for mortality. According to receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis, the area under the curve was greater than 0.9 for decreased CD4 + T cell ratio on admission and the seventh day. Conclusion A low CD4+ T helper ratio predicts a poor prognosis. In combination with CRP, it can be used in clinical follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esma Eryılmaz-Eren
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology,
Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Yavuz Köker
- Department of Immunology, Erciyes University School of Medicine,
Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Ulu-Kılıç
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology,
Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hatice Tuna Hürmet-Öz
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Kayseri City Education and
Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Ay-Altıntop
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Kayseri City Education and
Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Esma Saatçi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Kayseri City Education and
Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sevil Özsoy
- Department of Immunology, Erciyes University School of Medicine,
Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ayşin Kılınç-Toker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kayseri City Education and
Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ulaş Serkan Topaloğlu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Intensive Care, Erciyes
University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Recep Civan Yüksel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology,
Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avcılar
- Department of Immunology, Erciyes University School of Medicine,
Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Zehra Beştepe-Dursun
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology,
Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - İlhami Çelik
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology,
Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
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Hernández-Aceituno A, García-Hernández A, Larumbe-Zabala E. COVID-19 long-term sequelae: Omicron versus Alpha and Delta variants. Infect Dis Now 2023; 53:104688. [PMID: 36858287 PMCID: PMC9970656 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2023.104688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to assess the association between three predominant SARS-CoV-2 variants (Alpha, Delta, and Omicron) and the risk of developing long COVID (persistence of physical, medical, and cognitive symptoms more than 4 weeks after infection), post-COVID-19 syndrome (symptoms extending beyond 12 weeks), and viral persistence (testing positive beyond 4 weeks despite clinical resolution). METHODS Retrospective study of 325 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 with genomic sequencing information. For each SARS-CoV-2 variant, sample characteristics, frequency of symptoms, and long-term sequelae were compared using Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Dunn's test as appropriate. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated using logistic regression models to assess the association of risk factors and sequelae. RESULTS The adjusted model showed that the Omicron (vs Alpha) variant (OR, 0.30; 95% CI0.16-0.56), admission to ICU (OR, 1.14; 95% CI 1.05-1.23), and being treated with antiviral or immunomodulatory drugs (OR, 2.01; 95% CI 1.23-3.27) predicted long COVID and post-COVID-19 syndrome. Viral persistence showed no difference between variants. CONCLUSIONS The Omicron variant was associated with significantly lower odds of developing long-term sequelae from COVID-19 compared with previous variants, while severity of illness indicators increased the risk. Vaccination status, age, sex, and comorbidities were not found to predict sequelae development. This information has implications for both health managers and clinicians when deciding on the appropriate clinical management and subsequent outpatient follow-up of these patients. More studies with non-hospitalized patients are still necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hernández-Aceituno
- Dirección General de Salud Pública, Canary Islands, Spain; Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Abigail García-Hernández
- Dirección General de Salud Pública, Canary Islands, Spain,Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Eneko Larumbe-Zabala
- Dirección General de Salud Pública, Canary Islands, Spain,Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Canary Islands, Spain
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Proof-of-Concept Analysis of B Cell Receptor Repertoire in COVID-19 Patients Undergoing ECMO by Single-Cell V(D)J and Gene Expression Sequencing. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1471-1482. [PMID: 36826040 PMCID: PMC9955795 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19, has altered human activities all over the world and has become a global hazard to public health. Despite considerable advancements in pandemic containment techniques, in which vaccination played a key role, COVID-19 remains a global threat, particularly for frail patients and unvaccinated individuals, who may be more susceptible to developing ARDS. Several studies reported that patients with COVID-19-related ARDS who were treated with ECMO had a similar survival rate to those with COVID-19-unrelated ARDS. In order to shed light on the potential mechanisms underlying the COVID-19 infection, we conducted this proof-of-concept study using single-cell V(D)J and gene expression sequencing of B cells to examine the dynamic changes in the transcriptomic BCR repertoire present in patients with COVID-19 at various stages. We compared a recovered and a deceased COVID-19 patient supported by ECMO with one COVID-19-recovered patient who did not receive ECMO treatment and one healthy subject who had never been infected previously. Our analysis revealed a downregulation of FXYD, HLA-DRB1, and RPS20 in memory B cells; MTATP8 and HLA-DQA1 in naïve cells; RPS4Y1 in activated B cells; and IGHV3-73 in plasma cells in COVID-19 patients. We further described an increased ratio of IgA + IgG to IgD + IgM, suggestive of an intensive memory antibody response, in the COVID ECMO D patient. Finally, we assessed a V(D)J rearrangement of heavy chain IgHV3, IGHJ4, and IGHD3/IGHD2 families in COVID-19 patients regardless of the severity of the disease.
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30
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Kandil S, Tharwat AI, Mohsen SM, Eldeeb M, Abdallah W, Hilal A, Sweed H, Mortada M, Arif E, Ahmed T, Elshafie A, Youssef T, Zaki M, El-Gendy Y, Ebied E, Hamad S, Habil I, Dabbous H, El-Said A, Mostafa Y, Girgis S, Mansour O, El-Anwar A, Omar A, Saleh A, El-Meteini M. Developing a mortality risk prediction model using data of 3663 hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study in an Egyptian University Hospital. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:57. [PMID: 36750802 PMCID: PMC9903412 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02345-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Since the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic, a wide between-country variation was observed regarding in-hospital mortality and its predictors. Given the scarcity of local research and the need to prioritize the provision of care, this study was conducted aiming to measure the incidence of in-hospital COVID-19 mortality and to develop a simple and clinically applicable model for its prediction. METHODS COVID-19-confirmed patients admitted to the designated isolation areas of Ain-Shams University Hospitals (April 2020-February 2021) were included in this retrospective cohort study (n = 3663). Data were retrieved from patients' records. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox proportional hazard regression were used. Binary logistic regression was used for creating mortality prediction models. RESULTS Patients were 53.6% males, 4.6% current smokers, and their median age was 58 (IQR 41-68) years. Admission to intensive care units was 41.1% and mortality was 26.5% (972/3663, 95% CI 25.1-28.0%). Independent mortality predictors-with rapid mortality onset-were age ≥ 75 years, patients' admission in critical condition, and being symptomatic. Current smoking and presence of comorbidities particularly, obesity, malignancy, and chronic haematological disorders predicted mortality too. Some biomarkers were also recognized. Two prediction models exhibited the best performance: a basic model including age, presence/absence of comorbidities, and the severity level of the condition on admission (Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) = 0.832, 95% CI 0.816-0.847) and another model with added International Normalized Ratio (INR) value (AUC = 0.842, 95% CI 0.812-0.873). CONCLUSION Patients with the identified mortality risk factors are to be prioritized for preventive and rapid treatment measures. With the provided prediction models, clinicians can calculate mortality probability for their patients. Presenting multiple and very generic models can enable clinicians to choose the one containing the parameters available in their specific clinical setting, and also to test the applicability of such models in a non-COVID-19 respiratory infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Kandil
- Department of Community, Environmental, and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, 38 Ramses St., Abbassia Square, Cairo, 1156, Egypt.
| | - Ayman I. Tharwat
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherief M. Mohsen
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai Eldeeb
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Waleed Abdallah
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Hilal
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala Sweed
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mortada
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Elham Arif
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tarek Ahmed
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elshafie
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tarek Youssef
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Zaki
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmin El-Gendy
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Essam Ebied
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safwat Hamad
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Scientific Computing, Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ihab Habil
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Community, Environmental, and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, 38 Ramses St., Abbassia Square, Cairo, 1156 Egypt
| | - Hany Dabbous
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr El-Said
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasser Mostafa
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samia Girgis
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ossama Mansour
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali El-Anwar
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Omar
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman Saleh
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud El-Meteini
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt ,grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams Centre for Organ Transplantation (ASCOT),, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Pérez-Gilaberte JB, Martín-Iranzo N, Aguilera J, Almenara-Blasco M, de Gálvez MV, Gilaberte Y. Correlation between UV Index, Temperature and Humidity with Respect to Incidence and Severity of COVID 19 in Spain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20031973. [PMID: 36767340 PMCID: PMC9915304 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various studies support the inverse correlation between solar exposure and Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection. In Spain, from the Canary Islands to the northern part of the country, the global incidence of COVID-19 is different depending on latitude, which could be related to different meteorological conditions such as temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet index (UVI). The objective of the present work was to analyze the association between UVI, other relevant environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, and the incidence, severity, and mortality of COVID-19 at different latitudes in Spain. METHODS An observational prospective study was conducted, recording the numbers of new cases, hospitalizations, patients in critical units, mortality rates, and annual variations related to UVI, temperature, and humidity in five different provinces of Spain from January 2020 to February 2021. RESULTS Statistically significant inverse correlations (Spearman coefficients) were observed between UVI, temperature, annual changes, and the incidence of COVID-19 cases at almost all latitudes. CONCLUSION Higher ultraviolet radiation levels and mean temperatures could contribute to reducing COVID-19 incidence, hospitalizations, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Blas Pérez-Gilaberte
- Department of Internal Medicine, Miguel Servet University Hospital, IIS Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - José Aguilera
- Photobiological Dermatology Laboratory Medical Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Medicine, School of Medicine, Campus Universitario de Teatinos S/N, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Manuel Almenara-Blasco
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, IIS Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Victoria de Gálvez
- Photobiological Dermatology Laboratory Medical Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Medicine, School of Medicine, Campus Universitario de Teatinos S/N, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Yolanda Gilaberte
- Department of Dermatology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, IIS Aragon, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Montaño Mendoza VM, Mendez Cortina YA, Rodríguez-Perea AL, Fernandez GJ, Rugeles MT, Velilla Hernandez PA, Cardona Maya WD. Biological sex and age-related differences shape the antiviral response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13045. [PMID: 36685472 PMCID: PMC9847338 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
For the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, clinical manifestations are broad and highly heterogeneous for both sexes. We aimed to determine how biological sex and age impact immune gene expression, particularly influencing the humoral neutralizing antibody (NAb) response and the cytokine production in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) subjects. The immune gene expression, according to biological sex and age, was assessed using the genome wide expression profile of blood proteins from healthy individuals using the Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) database. Moreover, anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers and cytokine levels were determined in blood samples from 141 COVID-19 individuals from Medellín, Colombia. Among subjects with COVID-19, males had statistically significantly higher median NAb titers and serum concentrations of interleukin-6 and CC chemokine ligand 3 than females. Overall, our findings point out a more robust innate immune response in women that could help recognize and restrain the virus faster than in men.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Geysson Javier Fernandez
- Grupo Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas BCEI, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - María Teresa Rugeles
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Walter D. Cardona Maya
- Grupo Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia - UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
- Corresponding author.
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Ujjan ID, Khan S, Nigar R, Ahmed H, Ahmad S, Khan A. The possible therapeutic role of curcumin and quercetin in the early-stage of COVID-19-Results from a pragmatic randomized clinical trial. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1023997. [PMID: 36742008 PMCID: PMC9889936 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1023997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Curcumin (CUR) and quercetin (QUE), two natural polyphenols, possess diverse biological activities including broad-spectrum antiviral, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. Both CUR and QUE have shown inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in in vitro assays. Objective In the present study we aimed to assess the possible treatment benefits of a combined curcumin and quercetin (CUR-QUE) oral supplement, alongside standard of care (SOC), in the early-stage COVID-19 infection. Methods This was an exploratory, pragmatic, open-label, randomized controlled clinical trial, conducted at the Department of Pathology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, PK. The study compared the treatment effect of an oral CUR-QUE supplement plus SOC vs. SOC alone, in the early-stage/mild to moderately symptomatic COVID-19 outpatients. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to CUR-QUE (n = 25) and control (n = 25) treatment groups. The CUR-QUE supplementation consisted of a daily intake of 168 mg curcumin and 260 mg quercetin, as two soft capsules, to be taken twice a day at home for 14 days. Results After one-week of treatment, most of the patients in the CUR-QUE group showed an expedited clearance of the viral infection i.e., 18 (72.0%) vs. 6 (24.0%) patients in the control group tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 in the nasal-oropharyngeal swab reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis (p = 0.0002). In addition, COVID-19-associated acute symptoms were also speedily resolved in the CUR-QUE treated patients, i.e., 10 (40.0%) vs. 4 (16.0%) patients in the control group (p = 0.061). The CUR-QUE supplementation therapy was well-tolerated by all 25 patients and no treatment-emergent effects or serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion The results revealed in this exploratory study suggest a possible therapeutic role of curcumin and quercetin in the early-stage of COVID-19. It is proposed that the two agents possibly acting in synergy, interfere the SARS-CoV-2 replication, and thus help a speedy recovery in the early-stage of COVID-19. Further research is highly encouraged. Clinical trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier NCT04603690.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Din Ujjan
- Department of Pathology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences (LUMHS), Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Khan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Roohi Nigar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Bilawal Medical College, LUMHS, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | | | - Sagheer Ahmad
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Khan
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Amjad Khan,
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Ahmadpour D, Kristoffersson A, Fredrikson M, Huang-Link Y, Eriksson A, Iacobaeus E, Landtblom AM, Haghighi S. Inventory study of an early pandemic COVID-19 cohort in South-Eastern Sweden, focusing on neurological manifestations. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280376. [PMID: 36638113 PMCID: PMC9838851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19 have been reported previously as outcomes of the infection. The purpose of current study was to investigate the occurrence of neurological signs and symptoms in COVID-19 patients, in the county of Östergötland in southeastern Sweden. METHODS This is a retrospective, observational cohort study. Data were collected between March 2020 and June 2020. Information was extracted from medical records by a trained research assistant and physician and all data were validated by a senior neurologist. RESULTS Seventy-four percent of patients developed at least one neurological symptom during the acute phase of the infection. Headache (43%) was the most common neurological symptom, followed by anosmia and/or ageusia (33%), confusion (28%), hallucinations (17%), dizziness (16%), sleep disorders in terms of insomnia and OSAS (Obstructive Sleep Apnea) (9%), myopathy and neuropathy (8%) and numbness and tingling (5%). Patients treated in the ICU had a higher male presentation (73%). Several risk factors in terms of co-morbidities, were identified. Hypertension (54.5%), depression and anxiety (51%), sleep disorders in terms of insomnia and OSAS (30%), cardiovascular morbidity (28%), autoimmune diseases (25%), chronic lung diseases (24%) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (23%) founded as possible risk factors. CONCLUSION Neurological symptoms were found in the vast majority (74%) of the patients. Accordingly, attention to neurological, mental and sleep disturbances is warranted with involvement of neurological expertise, in order to avoid further complications and long-term neurological effect of COVID-19. Furthermore, risk factors for more severe COVID-19, in terms of possible co-morbidities that identified in this study should get appropriate attention to optimizing treatment strategies in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doryaneh Ahmadpour
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Specialists, Institute of Neurology, Motala Hospital, Motala, Sweden
| | - Anna Kristoffersson
- Department of Medical Specialists, Institute of Neurology, Motala Hospital, Motala, Sweden
| | | | - Yumin Huang-Link
- Department of Neurology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anne Eriksson
- Department of Medical Specialists, Institute of Medicine, Motala Hospital, Motala, Sweden
| | - Ellen Iacobaeus
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne-Marie Landtblom
- Department of Neurology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Haghighi
- Department of Medical Specialists, Institute of Neurology, Motala Hospital, Motala, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Bielosludtseva K, Krykhitna M, Konopkina L, Pertseva T. THE ROLE OF THROMBOSIS RISK SCALES LIKE PROGRESSION PREDICTORS OF COVID-19-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023; 76:1536-1542. [PMID: 37622494 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202307104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To determine the risk factors for progression by establishing the diagnostic and prognostic role of PPS and ISTH DIC score in patients with COVID-19 required hospitalization. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: Main group was 130 patients with COVID-19, divided depending on the severity into 3 subgroups. Patients were examined twice. On visit 1 and visit 2 (after 7-14 days after hospitalization). Were provided: physical examination, lung ultrasound (LUS), laboratory tests (D-dimer, coagulogram). Were counted PPS and ISTH DIC score. Non-parametrical statistic, ROC analysis. RESULTS Results: The level of D-dimer was significantly elevated in the examined patients and correlated with the severity of the disease. The number of points on the scales ISTH DIC and Padua had a significant difference between the subgroups. The maximum number of points was obtained by patients of subgroup 3, which indicates the maximum risk of thrombotic complications, as well as DIC. The ROC analysis showed that among coagulation parameters the most sensitive and specific factors associated with the progression of the clinical course is the D-dimer at admission. CONCLUSION Conclusions: Thus, the determination of D-dimer, fibrinogen, as well as usage of the DIC and Padua scales is a useful tool not only to estimate the severity of COVID-19, but also to predict the prognosis. Thus, the level of D-dimer above 260 ng/ml, as well as the presence of three or more points on the DIC scale and/or five or more points on the Padua scale in patients with COVID-19 during hospitalization significantly increases the risk of progression clinical process.
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Karami H, Karimi Z, Karami N. SARS-CoV-2 in brief: from virus to prevention. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2022; 13:394-406. [PMID: 36617546 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), ahighly transmissible virus with a likely animal origin, has posed major and unprecedentedchallenges to millions of lives across the affected nations of the world. This outbreak firstoccurred in China, and despite massive regional and global attempts shortly thereafter, itspread to other countries and caused millions of deaths worldwide. This review presents keyinformation about the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and its associated disease (namely,coronavirus disease 2019) and briefly discusses the origin of the virus. Herein, we also brieflysummarize the strategies used against viral spread and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Karami
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Karimi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Karami
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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BENZARTI W, TOULGUI E, GHRAM A, RAHMANI C, AISSA S, GHANNOUCHI I, GARGOURI I, SAYHI A, KNAZ A, OUANES W, JEMNI S, BEN SAAD H. Impact of a pulmonary rehabilitation program on social disadvantage and physical activity data of postCOVID19 patients: A North-African pilot study. F1000Res 2022; 11:1226. [PMID: 37547787 PMCID: PMC10403745 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.126301.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In addition to the cardiorespiratory, muscular, and neurological manifestations, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) alters patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL), induces a large variety of psychiatric manifestations, and reduces mobility and motor activity. Several studies have raised the impact of a pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) on social disadvantage ( e.g., HRQoL, anxiety, depression) and physical activity of COVID-19 patients, but very few have been performed in low-income countries. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a PRP on post-COVID-19 HRQoL, hospital anxiety and depression (HAD), and physical activity in Tunisian post-COVID19-patients. Methods This was a cross-sectional study in an outpatient care setting. Patients with post-COVID-19 were included. They completed an interview (including three questionnaires) before and after a PRP (three sessions/week for four weeks, each session was 70 minutes in duration, PRP items: aerobic cycle endurance, strength training, and education). The VQ11 questionnaire assessed functional dimension, psychological dimension, relational dimension, and total score; HAD appraised depression and anxiety; and Voorrips physical activity assessed daily activity, physical activity, leisure activity, and total scores. Data were expressed as mean±standard deviation in PRP change (PRP change=after-PRP values - before-PRP values). Results In total, 14 moderate to severe post-COVID-19 patients (61±4 years) were included. The PRP significantly improved the i) functional, psychological, and relational dimensions, and the VQ11 total score by 1.79±1.58 (p=0.0033), 2.00±2.15 (p=0.0108), 1.57±1.50 (p=0.0077), and 5.36±3.97 (p=0.0015), respectively; ii) HAD anxiety and depression scores by 2.07±2.40 (p=0.0076), and 2.57±3.08 (p=0.0058); and iii) physical activity and total scores by 1.75±2.44 (p=0.0251), and 1.78±2.65 (p=0.0341), respectively. Conclusion The PRP improved HRQoL, HAD, and physical activity of Tunisian post-COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa BENZARTI
- Department of Pneumology, Farhat HACHED Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Emna TOULGUI
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,, Sahloul Hospital,, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Amine GHRAM
- Research laboratory “Heart failure, LR12SP09”, Hospital Farhat HACHED of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Chiraz RAHMANI
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,, Sahloul Hospital,, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sana AISSA
- Department of Pneumology, Farhat HACHED Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Ines GHANNOUCHI
- Research laboratory “Heart failure, LR12SP09”, Hospital Farhat HACHED of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Imene GARGOURI
- Department of Pneumology, Farhat HACHED Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Amani SAYHI
- Research laboratory “Heart failure, LR12SP09”, Hospital Farhat HACHED of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Asma KNAZ
- Department of Pneumology, Farhat HACHED Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Walid OUANES
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,, Sahloul Hospital,, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sonia JEMNI
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,, Sahloul Hospital,, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Helmi BEN SAAD
- Research laboratory “Heart failure, LR12SP09”, Hospital Farhat HACHED of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
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Huang YX, Li NF, Li CY, Zheng FP, Yao XY, Lin BH, Huang XZ, Zhao NJ, Yang JY, Chen QM, Zhang MM, Yi LT, Chen XQ. Clinical features and effectiveness of Chinese medicine in patients with COVID-19 from overseas: A retrospective study in Xiamen, China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1038017. [PMID: 36353282 PMCID: PMC9638095 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1038017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19, referred to as new coronary pneumonia, is an acute infectious disease caused by a new type of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. To evaluate the effect of integrated Chinese medicine and Western medicine in patients with COVID-19 from overseas. Data were collected from 178 COVID-19 patients overseas at First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University from April 1, 2021 to July 31, 2021. These patients received therapy of integrated Chinese medicine and western medicine. Demographic data and clinical characteristics were extracted and analyzed. In addition, the prescription which induced less length of PCR positive days and hospitalization days than the median value was obtained. The top 4 frequently used Chinese medicine and virus-related genes were analyzed by network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis. According to the chest computed tomography (CT) measurement, abnormal lung findings were observed in 145 subjects. The median length of positive PCR/hospitalization days was 7/7 days for asymptomatic subjects, 14/24 days for mild subjects, 10/15 days for moderate subjects, and 14/20 days for severe subjects. The most frequently used Chinese medicine were Scutellaria baicalensis (Huangqin), Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Gancao), Bupleurum chinense (Chaihu), and Pinellia ternata (Banxia). The putative active ingredients were baicalin, stigmasterol, sigmoidin-B, cubebin, and troxerutin. ACE, SARS-CoV-2 3CL, SARS-CoV-2 Spike, SARS-CoV-2 ORF7a, and caspase-6 showed good binding properties to active ingredients. In conclusion, the clinical results showed that integrated Chinese medicine and Western medicine are effective in treating COVID-19 patients from overseas. Based on the clinical outcomes, the putative ingredients from Chinese medicine and the potential targets of SARS-CoV-2 were provided, which could provide a reference for the clinical application of Chinese medicine in treating COVID-19 worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xuan Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Na-Fen Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chen-Yao Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fang-Ping Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen Maluan Wan Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Yao
- Xinglin Branch of the First Hospital of Xiamen University, Designated Hospital for Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in Xiamen, Xiamen, China
| | - Bao-Hua Lin
- Xinglin Branch of the First Hospital of Xiamen University, Designated Hospital for Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in Xiamen, Xiamen, China
| | - Xian-Zhong Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Neng-Jiang Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jia-Yong Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiu-Min Chen
- Xinglin Branch of the First Hospital of Xiamen University, Designated Hospital for Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in Xiamen, Xiamen, China
| | - Man-Man Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Li-Tao Yi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China,Li-Tao Yi
| | - Xue-Qin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China,*Correspondence: Xue-Qin Chen
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Hua J, Li J, Jiang Y, Xie S, Shi Y, Pan L. Skin-Attachable Sensors for Biomedical Applications. BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS & DEVICES (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 1:1-13. [PMID: 38625211 PMCID: PMC9529324 DOI: 10.1007/s44174-022-00018-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
With the growing concern about human health issues, especially during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for personalized healthcare regarding disease prevention and recovery is increasing. However, tremendous challenges lie in both limited public medical resources and costly medical diagnosis approaches. Recently, skin-attachable sensors have emerged as promising health monitoring platforms to overcome such difficulties. Owing to the advantages of good comfort and high signal-to-noise ratio, skin-attachable sensors enable household, real-time, and long-term detection of weak physiological signals to efficiently and accurately monitor human motion, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, lung and heart sound, glucose, and biomarkers in biomedical applications. To further improve the integration level of biomedical skin-attachable sensors, efforts have been made in combining multiple sensing techniques with elaborate structural designs. This review summarizes the recent advances in different functional skin-attachable sensors, which monitor physical and chemical indicators of the human body. The advantages, shortcomings, and integration strategies of different mechanisms are presented. Specially, we highlight sensors monitoring pulmonary function such as respiratory rate and blood oxygen saturation for their potential usage in the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, the future development of skin-attachable sensors is envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbo Hua
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 China
| | - Jiean Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 China
| | - Yongchang Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 China
| | - Sijing Xie
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Yi Shi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 China
| | - Lijia Pan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 China
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Hazra DK, Pujari BS, Shekatkar SM, Mozaffer F, Sinha S, Guttal V, Chaudhuri P, Menon GI. Modelling the first wave of COVID-19 in India. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010632. [PMID: 36279288 PMCID: PMC9632871 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Estimating the burden of COVID-19 in India is difficult because the extent to which cases and deaths have been undercounted is hard to assess. Here, we use a 9-component, age-stratified, contact-structured epidemiological compartmental model, which we call the INDSCI-SIM model, to analyse the first wave of COVID-19 spread in India. We use INDSCI-SIM, together with Bayesian methods, to obtain optimal fits to daily reported cases and deaths across the span of the first wave of the Indian pandemic, over the period Jan 30, 2020 to Feb 15, 2021. We account for lock-downs and other non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), an overall increase in testing as a function of time, the under-counting of cases and deaths, and a range of age-specific infection-fatality ratios. We first use our model to describe data from all individual districts of the state of Karnataka, benchmarking our calculations using data from serological surveys. We then extend this approach to aggregated data for Karnataka state. We model the progress of the pandemic across the cities of Delhi, Mumbai, Pune, Bengaluru and Chennai, and then for India as a whole. We estimate that deaths were undercounted by a factor between 2 and 5 across the span of the first wave, converging on 2.2 as a representative multiplier that accounts for the urban-rural gradient. We also estimate an overall under-counting of cases by a factor of between 20 and 25 towards the end of the first wave. Our estimates of the infection fatality ratio (IFR) are in the range 0.05—0.15, broadly consistent with previous estimates but substantially lower than values that have been estimated for other LMIC countries. We find that approximately 35% of India had been infected overall by the end of the first wave, results broadly consistent with those from serosurveys. These results contribute to the understanding of the long-term trajectory of COVID-19 in India. Making sense of publicly available epidemiological data for the COVID-19 pandemic in India presents multiple challenges, largely to do with the quality of the data. Here, we describe ways of addressing these questions by studying the data using a well-parameterised, detailed compartmental model together with Bayesian methods, alongside information derived from pan-India serological surveys. We focus on the first wave of the Indian pandemic, across the interval Jan 30, 2020 to Feb 15, 2021. We estimate that deaths were under-counted by a factor between 2 and 5 across the span of the first wave and that cases were under-counted by a factor of between 20 and 25 towards its end. We estimate an infection fatality ratio (IFR) in the range 0.05—0.15. We find that approximately 35% of India had been infected overall by the end of the first wave, a number that helps us better understand the context in which the second and later waves unfolded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar Hazra
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CIT Campus, Taramani, Chennai, INDIA
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, INDIA
- INAF/OAS Bologna, Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio, Area della ricerca CNR-INAF, Bologna, ITALY
| | - Bhalchandra S. Pujari
- Department of Scientific Computing, Modeling and Simulation, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, INDIA
| | - Snehal M. Shekatkar
- Department of Scientific Computing, Modeling and Simulation, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, INDIA
| | - Farhina Mozaffer
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CIT Campus, Taramani, Chennai, INDIA
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, INDIA
| | - Sitabhra Sinha
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CIT Campus, Taramani, Chennai, INDIA
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, INDIA
| | - Vishwesha Guttal
- Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, INDIA
| | - Pinaki Chaudhuri
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CIT Campus, Taramani, Chennai, INDIA
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, INDIA
| | - Gautam I. Menon
- The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CIT Campus, Taramani, Chennai, INDIA
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, INDIA
- Departments of Physics and Biology, Ashoka University, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonepat, Haryana, INDIA
- * E-mail:
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Otake S, Chubachi S, Namkoong H, Nakagawara K, Tanaka H, Lee H, Morita A, Fukushima T, Watase M, Kusumoto T, Masaki K, Kamata H, Ishii M, Hasegawa N, Harada N, Ueda T, Ueda S, Ishiguro T, Arimura K, Saito F, Yoshiyama T, Nakano Y, Mutoh Y, Suzuki Y, Murakami K, Okada Y, Koike R, Kitagawa Y, Kimura A, Imoto S, Miyano S, Ogawa S, Kanai T, Fukunaga K. Clinical clustering with prognostic implications in Japanese COVID-19 patients: report from Japan COVID-19 Task Force, a nation-wide consortium to investigate COVID-19 host genetics. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:735. [PMID: 36104674 PMCID: PMC9472186 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07701-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical course of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is diverse, and the usefulness of phenotyping in predicting the severity or prognosis of the disease has been demonstrated overseas. This study aimed to investigate clinically meaningful phenotypes in Japanese COVID-19 patients using cluster analysis. Methods From April 2020 to May 2021, data from inpatients aged ≥ 18 years diagnosed with COVID-19 and who agreed to participate in the study were collected. A total of 1322 Japanese patients were included. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using variables reported to be associated with COVID-19 severity or prognosis, namely, age, sex, obesity, smoking history, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, malignancy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hyperuricemia, cardiovascular disease, chronic liver disease, and chronic kidney disease. Results Participants were divided into four clusters: Cluster 1, young healthy (n = 266, 20.1%); Cluster 2, middle-aged (n = 245, 18.5%); Cluster 3, middle-aged obese (n = 435, 32.9%); and Cluster 4, elderly (n = 376, 28.4%). In Clusters 3 and 4, sore throat, dysosmia, and dysgeusia tended to be less frequent, while shortness of breath was more frequent. Serum lactate dehydrogenase, ferritin, KL-6, d-dimer, and C-reactive protein levels tended to be higher in Clusters 3 and 4. Although Cluster 3 had a similar age as Cluster 2, it tended to have poorer outcomes. Both Clusters 3 and 4 tended to exhibit higher rates of oxygen supplementation, intensive care unit admission, and mechanical ventilation, but the mortality rate tended to be lower in Cluster 3. Conclusions We have successfully performed the first phenotyping of COVID-19 patients in Japan, which is clinically useful in predicting important outcomes, despite the simplicity of the cluster analysis method that does not use complex variables.
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Bahl AS, Verma VK, Bhatia J, Arya DS. Integrating in silico and in vivo approach for investigating the role of polyherbal oil in prevention and treatment of COVID-19 infection. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 367:110179. [PMID: 36113631 PMCID: PMC9472470 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there are no FDA approved antiviral drugs available to treat COVID-19 patients. Also, due to emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, the protective efficacy of vaccines could be reduced, hence it is urgent to have alternative treatments for combating the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Since, there is a long-standing history of herbal medicine in the treatment of respiratory diseases. In the present study, we investigated two polyherbal oil blend viz. Sudarshan AV and Elixir AV (SAV and EAV) in inhibiting SARS-COV-2. From GC-MS analysis of polyherbal oils (SAV and EAV) a total of 11 active compounds were selected, on the basis of their abundance and activity. Further, from the molecular docking studies, we found an inhibitory effect of these compounds on viral envelope and membrane, spike proteins whilst an agonistic effect with human host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) implicating the crucial role of the individual compound in resistance of SARS-CoV-2. Since, the in-silico results suggest that polyherbal oil (SAV and EAV) contributes in preventing the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the human body, we further investigated the efficacy of polyherbal formulated essential oil (FEO; SAV & EAV) in prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in hamster model. The male golden Syrian hamsters (n = 23) were divided into 5 groups i.e., Group 1: Control (n = 3); Group 2: Infected (n = 5); Group 3: Infected + Remdesivir (n = 5); Group 4: Infected + FEO (n = 5) and Group 5: Prophylactic FEO + Infected (n = 5). In both treatment and prophylactic groups, the FEO's significantly reduced the lung injury investigated histo-pathologically and viral load expression measured by real time PCR in comparison to infected hamsters. Furthermore, cytokines expression analysis clearly highlighted the efficacy of FEO's due to its anti-inflammatory activity and overall protection in treatment groups. In conclusion, the FEO (SAV & EAV) seem to be potent in both prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and related lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amul S Bahl
- Department of Research, Development and Innovation, God's Own Store LLP, Delhi, India.
| | - Vipin Kumar Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Jagriti Bhatia
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Dharamvir Singh Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Hatami H, Rezaeian A. Evaluation of a novel SARS‐CoV‐2 rapid antigenic test diagnostic value in respiratory samples; is the reported test accuracy similar to values in the real‐world? A cross‐sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e765. [PMID: 35957970 PMCID: PMC9364431 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hatami
- Department of Public Health and Safety School of Public Health and Environmental and Occupational Hazard Control Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - AhmadReza Rezaeian
- Faculty of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Urology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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A severe presentation of breakthrough infection caused by the Omicron variant with radiological findings of COVID-19 pneumonia in an elderly woman. Radiol Case Rep 2022; 17:3326-3330. [PMID: 35846507 PMCID: PMC9275445 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Omicron variant of COVID-19 is characterized by exceptional transmissibility and by immune evasion with the ability infect people with naturally acquired or vaccine-induced immunity. However, lung involvement is poorly reported in patients who resulted positive by this new COVID-19 variant. COVID-19 breakthrough infections are defined as COVID-19 infection in fully vaccinated patients. Herein, we present a case of breakthrough infection in an elderly woman who came in emergency with dyspnea and with findings of COVID-19 pneumonia on chest computed tomography. The patient was vaccinated with a booster dose of an mRNA vaccine some months earlier and the Omicron variant was detected on real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. However, the patient's condition remained stable. For our knowledge we report the first case with lung involvement due to Omicron variant in an elderly after the booster dose of mRNA vaccine. This case highlights as COVID-19 breakthrough infections may represent some concerns in the elderly patients in presence of virus variants.
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Pitamberwale A, Mahmood T, Ansari AK, Ansari SA, Limgaokar K, Singh L, Karki G. Biochemical Parameters as Prognostic Markers in Severely Ill COVID-19 Patients. Cureus 2022; 14:e28594. [PMID: 36185918 PMCID: PMC9521622 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prognostication plays a pivotal role in critical care medicine. Its importance is indisputable in the management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as the presentation of this disease may vary from docile, self-limiting symptoms to lethal conditions. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, much emphasis was initially placed on molecular and serological testing. However, it was realized later that routine laboratory tests also provide key information in terms of the severity of the disease and thus could be used to predict the outcome of these patients. Methodology The aim of our study was to evaluate the biochemical parameters as prognostic markers in severely ill COVID-19 patients. We carried out a retrospective, case-control study. The study population was comprised of all severely ill COVID-19 patients admitted between October 2020 and January 2021 at our level 3 COVID hospital. Cases were defined as the patients who expired despite treatment and all resuscitative measures as per the standard operating procedures (SOPs) of our COVID intensive care unit (ICU) while controls were defined as the patients that were transferred out of the COVID ICU for further recovery. The detailed history, findings of physical examination, vitals recorded by point of care testing (POCT) devices at our ICU, clinical diagnosis, and the results of the biochemical analysis were recorded in a specially designed pro forma. The biochemical parameters recorded at the time of admission were compared between the groups of controls and cases in order to evaluate their role as predictors of mortality using appropriate statistical methods. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. For all the parameters that showed a statistically significant difference, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was done to assess the utility of biochemical parameters as predictors of mortality or survival. Areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.6 to 0.7, 0.7 to 0.8, 0.8 to 0.9, and >0.9 were considered acceptable, fair, good, and excellent for discrimination, respectively. Results Of the 178 severely ill COVID-19 patients enrolled in the study, 86 were controls and 92 were cases (52% mortality). Serum urea (p<0.0001), creatinine (p=0.0019), aspartate transaminase (AST) (p=0.0104), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (p=0.0001), procalcitonin (PCT) (p=0.0344), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) (p=0.0311) levels were significantly higher (p<0.05), while total protein (p=0.0086), albumin (p<0.0001), and indirect bilirubin (p=0.0147) levels were significantly lower (p<0.05) in cases as compared to controls. The difference was statistically insignificant (p>0.05) for serum sodium, potassium, total and direct bilirubin, globulin, alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), D-dimer, and ferritin. On ROC analysis, urea was fair (AUC=0.721), creatinine (AUC=0.698) and IL-6 (AUC=0.698) were acceptable predictors of mortality, while albumin (AUC=0.698) was an acceptable predictor of survival in severely ill COVID-19 patients during their intensive care stay. Conclusion Understanding the pathophysiological changes associated with the severity of COVID-19 in terms of an alteration of biochemical parameters is a pressing priority. Our study highlights the importance of routine laboratory tests in predicting outcomes in severely ill COVID-19 patients.
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Islam A, Cockcroft C, Elshazly S, Ahmed J, Joyce K, Mahfuz H, Islam T, Rashid H, Laher I. Coagulopathy of Dengue and COVID-19: Clinical Considerations. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7090210. [PMID: 36136621 PMCID: PMC9500638 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7090210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction commonly occur in both dengue and COVID-19 and are related to clinical outcomes. Coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways are activated during an acute dengue infection, and endothelial dysfunction is observed in severe dengue. On the other hand, COVID-19 is characterised by a high prevalence of thrombotic complications, where bleeding is rare and occurs only in advanced stages of critical illness; here thrombin is the central mediator that activates endothelial cells, and elicits a pro-inflammatory reaction followed by platelet aggregation. Serological cross-reactivity may occur between COVID-19 and dengue infection. An important management aspect of COVID-19-induced immunothrombosis associated with thrombocytopenia is anticoagulation with or without aspirin. In contrast, the use of aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and anticoagulants is contraindicated in dengue. Mild to moderate dengue infections are treated with supportive therapy and paracetamol for fever. Severe infection such as dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome often require escalation to higher levels of support in a critical care facility. The role of therapeutic platelet transfusion is equivocal and should not be routinely used in patients with dengue with thrombocytopaenia and mild bleeding. The use of prophylactic platelet transfusion in dengue fever has strained financial and healthcare systems in endemic areas, together with risks of transfusion-transmitted infections in low- and middle-income countries. There is a clear research gap in the management of dengue with significant bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Islam
- Department of Haematology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
- Department of Haematology, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 3NS, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Christopher Cockcroft
- Department of Haematology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
| | - Shereen Elshazly
- Department of Haematology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
- Adult Haemato-Oncology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ainshams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Javeed Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
| | - Kevin Joyce
- Department of Haematology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
| | - Huque Mahfuz
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka 1206, Bangladesh
| | - Tasbirul Islam
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Indiana School of Medicine, Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Harunor Rashid
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Safdari Lord J, Soltani Rezaiezadeh J, Yekaninejad MS, Izadi P. The association of APOE genotype with COVID-19 disease severity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13483. [PMID: 35931737 PMCID: PMC9356041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has caused the recent pandemic of respiratory infection, which threatened global health. The severity of the symptoms varies among affected individuals, from asymptotic or mild signs to severe or critical illness. Genetic predisposition explains the variation in disease severity among patients who suffer from severe symptoms without any known background risk factors. The present study was performed to show the association between APOE genotype and the severity of COVID-19 disease. The APOE genotype of 201 COVID-19 patients (101 patients with asymptomatic to mild form of the disease as the control group and 100 patients with severe to critical illness without any known background risk factors as the case group) were detected via multiplex tetra-primer ARMS-PCR method. Results showed that the e4 allele increased the risk of the COVID-19 infection severity more than five times and the e4/e4 genotype showed a 17-fold increase in the risk of severe disease. In conclusion, since our study design was based on the exclusion of patients with underlying diseases predisposing to severe form of COVID-19 and diseases related to the APOE gene in the study population, our results showed that the e4 genotype is independently associated with the severity of COVID-19 disease. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings in other nations and to demonstrate the mechanisms behind the role of these alleles in disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Safdari Lord
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Soltani Rezaiezadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pantea Izadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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The Relation between Immunological Features and the Positive SARS-CoV-2 Nucleic Acid in Patients with Nonsevere COVID⁃19. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DES MALADIES INFECTIEUSES ET DE LA MICROBIOLOGIE MEDICALE 2022; 2022:4270096. [PMID: 35915722 PMCID: PMC9338729 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4270096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective The novel coronavirus nucleic acid results are the core indicators of illness monitoring. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between immunological features and positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid by analyzing the clinical and immunological features in nonsevere COVID-19 cases. Methods Data from nonsevere COVID-19 patients admitted to Haihe Hospital from May 2020 to June 2021 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Results (1) A total of 122 cases were reviewed in the present study, including 38 mild and 84 moderate cases. The average age of mild cases was significantly different from moderate cases (P < 0.001). Eight patients complained of hyposmia and it was more frequent in mild cases (P < 0.001). The nucleic acid positive duration (NPD) of nonsevere novel coronavirus was 20.49 (confidence interval (CI) 17.50-3.49) days. (2) The levels of specific IgM and IgG for COVID-19 were higher in mild cases than in moderate cases (P=0.023 and P=0.047, respectively). (3) The correlation analysis with antibodies and T-cell subtypes showed that the lymphocyte (LYM) count, T cells, CD4+T cells, and CD8+T cells had a linear correlation with NPD. (4) Among the 93 patients monitored, 62 COVID-19 cases presented a progressive rise of specific IgM and IgG. The daily increase rates of IgM and IgG were 38.42% (CI 28.22-48.61%) and 24.90% (CI 0.23-29.58%), respectively. Conclusion The levels and daily increase rates of specific IgM and IgG against the virus can vary between cases. The NPD presented a linear correlation with the LYM, T cells, CD4+T cells, and CD8+T cells. Hence, more attention should be paid to these indicators in clinical practice.
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Ivan AP, Odajiu I, Popescu BO, Davidescu EI. COVID-19 Associated Guillain–Barré Syndrome: A Report of Nine New Cases and a Review of the Literature. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58080977. [PMID: 35893091 PMCID: PMC9332472 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58080977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS)—a rare condition characterized by acute-onset immune-mediated polyneuropathy—has been registered as a neurological manifestation of COVID-19, suggesting a possible link between these two conditions. Methods: We report a case series of patients with COVID-19-related GBS hospitalized in the Neurology Department of Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, between March 2020 and March 2021. Several variables were analyzed, such as the mean interval between the onset of COVID-19 symptoms and neurological ones, clinical features, treatment course, and outcome. Further on, we conducted a thorough literature review based on the PubMed and ScienceDirect scientific databases. Results: A total of 9 COVID-19 patients developed symptoms of GBS, out of which in 7, it manifested as an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP). Five patients presented respiratory failure, 2 requiring mechanical ventilation. All patients received a course of intravenous immunoglobulins, 2 additionally requiring plasma exchange. Upon discharge, all but 1 patient (who had not regained the ability to walk) had a positive outcome, and 1 died during admission. In the literature review, we analyzed the published sources at the time of writing. Conclusions: A link between COVID-19 and GBS might be possible; therefore, increased vigilance is required in the early identification of these cases for prompt diagnosis and treatment. Some notable differences such as an earlier onset of GBS symptoms, higher respiratory dysfunction, and higher mortality rates in COVID-19 patients have been observed between the presentation of GBS in the context of COVID-19 and GBS of other causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Paula Ivan
- Department of Neurology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.I.); (I.O.); (E.I.D.)
| | - Irina Odajiu
- Department of Neurology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.I.); (I.O.); (E.I.D.)
| | - Bogdan Ovidiu Popescu
- Department of Neurology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.I.); (I.O.); (E.I.D.)
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurosciences and Experimental Myology, ”Victor Babeș” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Eugenia Irene Davidescu
- Department of Neurology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.I.); (I.O.); (E.I.D.)
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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Martínez-Gómez LE, Ibarra-González I, Fernández-Lainez C, Tusie T, Moreno-Macías H, Martinez-Armenta C, Jimenez-Gutierrez GE, Vázquez-Cárdenas P, Vidal-Vázquez P, Ramírez-Hinojosa JP, Rodríguez-Zulueta AP, Vargas-Alarcón G, Rojas-Velasco G, Sánchez-Muñoz F, Posadas-Sanchez R, Martínez-Ruiz FDJ, Zayago-Angeles DM, Moreno ML, Barajas-Galicia E, Lopez-Cisneros G, Gonzalez-Fernández NC, Ortega-Peña S, Herrera-López B, Olea-Torres J, Juárez-Arias M, Rosas-Vásquez M, Cabrera-Nieto SA, Magaña JJ, Camacho-Rea MDC, Suarez-Ahedo C, Coronado-Zarco I, Valdespino-Vázquez MY, Martínez-Nava GA, Pineda C, Vela-Amieva M, López-Reyes A. Metabolic Reprogramming in SARS-CoV-2 Infection Impacts the Outcome of COVID-19 Patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:936106. [PMID: 36341434 PMCID: PMC9634751 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.936106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection triggers inflammatory clinical stages that affect the outcome of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Disease severity may be associated with a metabolic imbalance related to amino acids, lipids, and energy-generating pathways. The aim of this study was to characterize the profile of amino acids and acylcarnitines in COVID-19 patients. A multicenter, cross-sectional study was carried out. A total of 453 individuals were classified by disease severity. Levels of 11 amino acids, 31 acylcarnitines, and succinylacetone in serum samples were analyzed by electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. Different clusters were observed in partial least squares discriminant analysis, with phenylalanine, alanine, citrulline, proline, and succinylacetone providing the major contribution to the variability in each cluster (variable importance in the projection >1.5). In logistic models adjusted by age, sex, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and nutritional status, phenylalanine was associated with critical outcomes (odds ratio=5.3 (95% CI 3.16-9.2) in the severe vs. critical model, with an area under the curve of 0.84 (95% CI 0.77-0.90). In conclusion the metabolic imbalance in COVID-19 patients might affect disease progression. This work shows an association of phenylalanine with critical outcomes in COVID-19 patients, highlighting phenylalanine as a potential metabolic biomarker of disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Martínez-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Gerociencias, Laboratorio Facilitador, Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Isabel Ibarra-González
- Unidad de Genética de la Nutrición, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Cynthia Fernández-Lainez
- Laboratorio de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo y Tamiz, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Teresa Tusie
- Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Hortensia Moreno-Macías
- Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Departamento de Economía. División de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Carlos Martinez-Armenta
- Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Dirección de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud (DCBS), Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Elizabeth Jimenez-Gutierrez
- Laboratorio de Gerociencias, Laboratorio Facilitador, Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Paola Vázquez-Cárdenas
- Centro de Innovación Médica Aplicada, Subdirección de Epidemiología e Infectología, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Patricia Vidal-Vázquez
- Centro de Innovación Médica Aplicada, Subdirección de Epidemiología e Infectología, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan P. Ramírez-Hinojosa
- Centro de Innovación Médica Aplicada, Subdirección de Epidemiología e Infectología, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ana P. Rodríguez-Zulueta
- Centro de Innovación Médica Aplicada, Subdirección de Epidemiología e Infectología, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón
- Departamentos de Biología Molecular, Inmunología, Endocrinologia y Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Rojas-Velasco
- Departamentos de Biología Molecular, Inmunología, Endocrinologia y Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz
- Departamentos de Biología Molecular, Inmunología, Endocrinologia y Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rosalinda Posadas-Sanchez
- Departamentos de Biología Molecular, Inmunología, Endocrinologia y Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chavez, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Felipe de J. Martínez-Ruiz
- Nuevo Hospital General Delegación Regional Sur de la Ciudad de México, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales para los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Dulce M. Zayago-Angeles
- Nuevo Hospital General Delegación Regional Sur de la Ciudad de México, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales para los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mariana L. Moreno
- Nuevo Hospital General Delegación Regional Sur de la Ciudad de México, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales para los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Edith Barajas-Galicia
- Hospital Central Norte Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX), Estado de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Lopez-Cisneros
- Hospital Central Norte Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX), Estado de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Silvestre Ortega-Peña
- Laboratorio de Gerociencias, Laboratorio Facilitador, Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Brígida Herrera-López
- Laboratorio de Gerociencias, Laboratorio Facilitador, Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jessel Olea-Torres
- Laboratorio de Gerociencias, Laboratorio Facilitador, Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Manuel Juárez-Arias
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico (IT) Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Maritza Rosas-Vásquez
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico (IT) Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Sara Aileen Cabrera-Nieto
- Posgrado en Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jonathan J. Magaña
- Laboratorio de Gerociencias, Laboratorio Facilitador, Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María del Carmen Camacho-Rea
- Departamento de Nutrición Animal, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Carlos Suarez-Ahedo
- Laboratorio de Gerociencias, Laboratorio Facilitador, Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Irma Coronado-Zarco
- Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Gabriela Angélica Martínez-Nava
- Laboratorio de Gerociencias, Laboratorio Facilitador, Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Carlos Pineda
- Laboratorio de Gerociencias, Laboratorio Facilitador, Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marcela Vela-Amieva
- Laboratorio de Errores Innatos del Metabolismo y Tamiz, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alberto López-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Gerociencias, Laboratorio Facilitador, Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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