1
|
Wang P, Kazak L, Senkalla K, Siyushev P, Abe R, Taniguchi T, Onoda S, Kato H, Makino T, Hatano M, Jelezko F, Iwasaki T. Transform-Limited Photon Emission from a Lead-Vacancy Center in Diamond above 10 K. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:073601. [PMID: 38427893 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.073601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Transform-limited photon emission from quantum emitters is essential for high-fidelity entanglement generation. In this Letter, we report the coherent optical property of a single negatively charged lead-vacancy (PbV) center in diamond. Photoluminescence excitation measurements reveal stable fluorescence with a linewidth of 39 MHz at 6 K, close to the transform limit estimated from the lifetime measurement. We observe 4 orders of magnitude different linewidths of the two zero-phonon lines, and find that the phonon-induced relaxation in the ground state contributes to this huge difference in the linewidth. Because of the suppressed phonon absorption in the PbV center, we observe nearly transform-limited photon emission up to 16 K, demonstrating its high temperature robustness compared to other color centers in diamond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, 152-8552 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lev Kazak
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Katharina Senkalla
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Petr Siyushev
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ryotaro Abe
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, 152-8552 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 305-0044 Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shinobu Onoda
- Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 1233 Watanuki, Takasaki, 370-1292 Gunma, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Kato
- Advanced Power Electronics Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8568 Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Makino
- Advanced Power Electronics Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8568 Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mutsuko Hatano
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, 152-8552 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fedor Jelezko
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Takayuki Iwasaki
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, 152-8552 Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Senkalla K, Genov G, Metsch MH, Siyushev P, Jelezko F. Germanium Vacancy in Diamond Quantum Memory Exceeding 20 ms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:026901. [PMID: 38277597 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.026901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Negatively charged group-IV defects in diamond show great potential as quantum network nodes due to their efficient spin-photon interface. However, reaching sufficiently long coherence times remains a challenge. In this work, we demonstrate coherent control of germanium vacancy center (GeV) at millikelvin temperatures and extend its coherence time by several orders of magnitude to more than 20 ms. We model the magnetic and amplitude noise as an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, reproducing the experimental results well. The utilized method paves the way to optimized coherence times of group-IV defects in various experimental conditions and their successful applications in quantum technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Senkalla
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Genko Genov
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Mathias H Metsch
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Petr Siyushev
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- 3rd Institute of Physics, Center for Applied Quantum Technologies University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Fedor Jelezko
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fukami M, Marcks JC, Candido DR, Weiss LR, Soloway B, Sullivan SE, Delegan N, Heremans FJ, Flatté ME, Awschalom DD. Magnon-mediated qubit coupling determined via dissipation measurements. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313754120. [PMID: 38165926 PMCID: PMC10786302 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313754120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Controlled interaction between localized and delocalized solid-state spin systems offers a compelling platform for on-chip quantum information processing with quantum spintronics. Hybrid quantum systems (HQSs) of localized nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond and delocalized magnon modes in ferrimagnets-systems with naturally commensurate energies-have recently attracted significant attention, especially for interconnecting isolated spin qubits at length-scales far beyond those set by the dipolar coupling. However, despite extensive theoretical efforts, there is a lack of experimental characterization of the magnon-mediated interaction between NV centers, which is necessary to develop such hybrid quantum architectures. Here, we experimentally determine the magnon-mediated NV-NV coupling from the magnon-induced self-energy of NV centers. Our results are quantitatively consistent with a model in which the NV center is coupled to magnons by dipolar interactions. This work provides a versatile tool to characterize HQSs in the absence of strong coupling, informing future efforts to engineer entangled solid-state systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Fukami
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637
| | - Jonathan C. Marcks
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637
- Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL60439
| | - Denis R. Candido
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242
| | - Leah R. Weiss
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai980-8577, Japan
| | - Benjamin Soloway
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637
| | - Sean E. Sullivan
- Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL60439
| | - Nazar Delegan
- Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL60439
| | - F. Joseph Heremans
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637
- Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL60439
| | - Michael E. Flatté
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven5600 MB, Netherlands
| | - David D. Awschalom
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637
- Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL60439
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yurov V, Bolshakov A, Ralchenko V, Fedorova I, Martyanov A, Pivovarov P, Artemov V, Khomich A, Khmelnitskiy R, Boldyrev K. In situ doping of epitaxial diamond with germanium by microwave plasma CVD in GeH 4-CH 4-H 2 mixtures with optical emission spectroscopy monitoring. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:26623-26631. [PMID: 37755936 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03967f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
We report the growth of Ge-doped homoepitaxial diamond films by microwave plasma CVD in GeH4-CH4-H2 gas mixtures at moderate pressures (70-100 Torr). Optical emission spectroscopy was used to monitor Ge, H, and C2 species in the plasma at different process parameters, and trends for intensities of those radicals, gas temperature, and excitation temperature, with variations of GeH4 or CH4 precursor concentrations, were investigated. The film deposited on (111)-oriented single crystal diamond substrates in a high growth rate regime revealed a strong emission of a germanium-vacancy (GeV) color center with a zero-phonon line at ≈604 nm wavelength in photoluminescence (PL) spectra, confirming the successful doping. The observed PL shift for the GeV defect is caused by stress in the films, as evidenced and quantified by Raman spectra. These results suggest that in situ doping with Ge using a GeH4 precursor is a convenient method of controlling the formation of GeV centers in epitaxial diamond films for photonic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Yurov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 38, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Andrey Bolshakov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 38, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Victor Ralchenko
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 38, Moscow 119991, Russia.
- Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 Xidazhi Str., 150001 Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Irina Fedorova
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 38, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Artem Martyanov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 38, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Pavel Pivovarov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 38, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Vladimir Artemov
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrew Khomich
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov str. 38, Moscow 119991, Russia.
- Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141190 Fryazino, Russia
| | - Roman Khmelnitskiy
- Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117924 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill Boldyrev
- Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, 108840, Moscow, Troitsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Montblanch ARP, Barbone M, Aharonovich I, Atatüre M, Ferrari AC. Layered materials as a platform for quantum technologies. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023:10.1038/s41565-023-01354-x. [PMID: 37322143 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01354-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Layered materials are taking centre stage in the ever-increasing research effort to develop material platforms for quantum technologies. We are at the dawn of the era of layered quantum materials. Their optical, electronic, magnetic, thermal and mechanical properties make them attractive for most aspects of this global pursuit. Layered materials have already shown potential as scalable components, including quantum light sources, photon detectors and nanoscale sensors, and have enabled research of new phases of matter within the broader field of quantum simulations. In this Review we discuss opportunities and challenges faced by layered materials within the landscape of material platforms for quantum technologies. In particular, we focus on applications that rely on light-matter interfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro R-P Montblanch
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Barbone
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology, (MCQST), Munich, Germany
- Walter Schottky Institut and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Igor Aharonovich
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mete Atatüre
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Andrea C Ferrari
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Feng XN, Liu HY, Wei LF. Waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometer to enhance the sensitivity of quantum parameter estimation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:17215-17225. [PMID: 37381461 DOI: 10.1364/oe.487793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The waveguide Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) (see, e.g., in Phys. Rev. Lett.113, 243601 (2015)10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.243601 and Nature569, 692 (2019)10.1038/s41586-019-1196-1), instead of the free space's one, have been demonstrated for the sensitive quantum parameter estimations. Here, we propose a waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) to further enhance the sensitivity of the relevant parameter estimations. The configuration is formed by two one-dimensional waveguides coupled sequentially to two atomic mirrors, which are served as the beam splitters of the waveguide photons to control the probabilities of the photons being transferred from one waveguide to another. Due to the quantum interference of the waveguide photons, the acquired phase of the photons when they pass through a phase shifter can be sensitively estimated by measuring either the transmitted or reflected probabilities of the transporting photons. Interestingly, we show that, with the proposed waveguide MZI the sensitivity of the quantum parameter estimation could be further optimized, compared with the waveguide FPI, in the same condition. The feasibility of the proposal, with the current atom-waveguide integrated technique, is also discussed.
Collapse
|
7
|
Field programmable spin arrays for scalable quantum repeaters. Nat Commun 2023; 14:704. [PMID: 36759601 PMCID: PMC9911411 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36098-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The large scale control over thousands of quantum emitters desired by quantum network technology is limited by the power consumption and cross-talk inherent in current microwave techniques. Here we propose a quantum repeater architecture based on densely-packed diamond color centers (CCs) in a programmable electrode array, with quantum gates driven by electric or strain fields. This 'field programmable spin array' (FPSA) enables high-speed spin control of individual CCs with low cross-talk and power dissipation. Integrated in a slow-light waveguide for efficient optical coupling, the FPSA serves as a quantum interface for optically-mediated entanglement. We evaluate the performance of the FPSA architecture in comparison to a routing-tree design and show an increased entanglement generation rate scaling into the thousand-qubit regime. Our results enable high fidelity control of dense quantum emitter arrays for scalable networking.
Collapse
|
8
|
Kudryashov S, Danilov P, Smirnov N, Krasin G, Khmelnitskii R, Kovalchuk O, Kriulina G, Martovitskiy V, Lednev V, Sdvizhenskii P, Gulina Y, Rimskaya E, Kuzmin E, Chen J, Kovalev M, Levchenko A. "Stealth Scripts": Ultrashort Pulse Laser Luminescent Microscale Encoding of Bulk Diamonds via Ultrafast Multi-Scale Atomistic Structural Transformations. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:192. [PMID: 36616102 PMCID: PMC9824049 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The ultrashort-laser photoexcitation and structural modification of buried atomistic optical impurity centers in crystalline diamonds are the key enabling processes in the fabrication of ultrasensitive robust spectroscopic probes of electrical, magnetic, stress, temperature fields, and single-photon nanophotonic devices, as well as in "stealth" luminescent nano/microscale encoding in natural diamonds for their commercial tracing. Despite recent remarkable advances in ultrashort-laser predetermined generation of primitive optical centers in diamonds even on the single-center level, the underlying multi-scale basic processes, rather similar to other semiconductors and dielectrics, are almost uncovered due to the multitude of the involved multi-scale ultrafast and spatially inhomogeneous optical, electronic, thermal, and structural elementary events. We enlighten non-linear wavelength-, polarization-, intensity-, pulsewidth-, and focusing-dependent photoexcitation and energy deposition mechanisms in diamonds, coupled to the propagation of ultrashort laser pulses and ultrafast off-focus energy transport by electron-hole plasma, transient plasma- and hot-phonon-induced stress generation and the resulting variety of diverse structural atomistic modifications in the diamond lattice. Our findings pave the way for new forthcoming groundbreaking experiments and comprehensive enlightening two-temperature and/or atomistic modeling both in diamonds and other semiconductor/dielectric materials, as well as innovative technological breakthroughs in the field of single-photon source fabrication and "stealth" luminescent nano/microencoding in bulk diamonds for their commercial tracing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Oleg Kovalchuk
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Geo-Scientific Research Enterprise Public Joint Stock Company «ALROSA», 678175 Mirny, Russia
| | - Galina Kriulina
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Geology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119899 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vasily Lednev
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Yulia Gulina
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Jiajun Chen
- Lebedev Physical Institute, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tobalina A, Munuera-Javaloy C, Torrontegui E, Muga JG, Casanova J. Tailored ion beam for precise colour centre creation. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2022; 380:20210271. [PMID: 36335951 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2021.0271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We present an invariant-based quantum control scheme leading to a highly monochromatic ion beam from a Paul trap. Our protocol is implementable by supplying the segmented electrodes in the trap with voltages of the order of volts. This mitigates the impact of fluctuations in previous designs and leads to a low-dispersion beam of ions. Moreover, our proposal does not rely on sympathetically cooling ions, which bypasses the need of loading different species in the trap-namely, the propelled ion and, e.g. a [Formula: see text] to exert sympathetic cooling-significantly incrementing the repetition rate of the launching procedure. Our scheme is based on an invariant operator linear in position and momentum, which enables us to control the average extraction energy and the outgoing momentum spread. In addition, we propose a sequential operation to tailor the transversal properties of the beam before the ejection to minimize the impact spot and to increase the lateral resolution of the implantation. This article is part of the theme issue 'Shortcuts to adiabaticity: theoretical, experimental and interdisciplinary perspectives'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Tobalina
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, Bilbao 48080, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - C Munuera-Javaloy
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, Bilbao 48080, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - E Torrontegui
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avda. de la Universidad 30, Leganés 28911, Spain
- Instituto de Física Fundamental IFF-CSIC, Calle Serrano 113b, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - J G Muga
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, Bilbao 48080, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - J Casanova
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, Bilbao 48080, Spain
- EHU Quantum Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao 48009, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bogdanov KV, Kaliya IE, Baranov MA, Grudinkin SA, Feoktistov NA, Golubev VG, Davydov VY, Smirnov AN, Baranov AV. Multi-Frequency Light Sources Based on CVD Diamond Matrices with a Mix of SiV - and GeV - Color Centers and Tungsten Complexes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8510. [PMID: 36500012 PMCID: PMC9736106 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recently, nanodiamonds with negatively charged luminescent color centers based on atoms of the fourth group (SiV-, GeV-) have been proposed for use as biocompatible luminescent markers. Further improvement of the functionality of such systems by expanding the frequencies of the emission can be achieved by the additional formation of luminescent tungsten complexes in the diamond matrix. This paper reports the creation of diamond matrices by a hot filament chemical vapor deposition method, containing combinations of luminescing Si-V and Ge-V color centers and tungsten complexes. The possibility is demonstrated of creating a multicolor light source combining the luminescence of all embedded emitters. The emission properties of tungsten complexes and Si-V and Ge-V color centers in the diamond matrices were investigated, as well as differences in their luminescent properties and electron-phonon interaction at different temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Bogdanov
- Center of Information and Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, bldg. A, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilya E. Kaliya
- Center of Information and Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, bldg. A, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Baranov
- Center of Information and Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, bldg. A, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Grudinkin
- Center of Information and Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, bldg. A, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Ioffe Institute, Polytechnicheskaya 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Valery G. Golubev
- Ioffe Institute, Polytechnicheskaya 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Alexander V. Baranov
- Center of Information and Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, bldg. A, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ren ZQ, Feng CR, Xiang ZL. Deterministic generation of entanglement states between Silicon-Vacancy centers via acoustic modes. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:41685-41697. [PMID: 36366639 DOI: 10.1364/oe.468293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We propose a scheme to entangle Silicon-Vacancy (SiV) centers embedded in a diamond acoustic waveguide. These SiV centers interact with acoustic modes of the waveguide via strain-induced coupling. Through Morris-Shore transformation, the Hilbert space of this hybrid quantum system can be factorized into a closed subspace in which we can deterministically realize the symmetrical Dicke states between distant SiV centers with high fidelity. In addition, the generation of entangled Dicke states can be controlled by manipulating the strength and frequency of the driving field applied on SiV centers. This protocol provides a promising way to prepare multipartite entanglement in spin-phonon hybrid systems and could have broad applications for future quantum technologies.
Collapse
|
12
|
Arjona Martínez J, Parker RA, Chen KC, Purser CM, Li L, Michaels CP, Stramma AM, Debroux R, Harris IB, Hayhurst Appel M, Nichols EC, Trusheim ME, Gangloff DA, Englund D, Atatüre M. Photonic Indistinguishability of the Tin-Vacancy Center in Nanostructured Diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:173603. [PMID: 36332262 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.173603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tin-vacancy centers in diamond are promising spin-photon interfaces owing to their high quantum efficiency, large Debye-Waller factor, and compatibility with photonic nanostructuring. Benchmarking their single-photon indistinguishability is a key challenge for future applications. Here, we report the generation of single photons with 99.7_{-2.5}^{+0.3}% purity and 63(9)% indistinguishability from a resonantly excited tin-vacancy center in a single-mode waveguide. We obtain quantum control of the optical transition with 1.71(1)-ns-long π pulses of 77.1(8)% fidelity and show it is spectrally stable over 100 ms. A modest Purcell enhancement factor of 12 would enhance the indistinguishability to 95%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Arjona Martínez
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan A Parker
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin C Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Carola M Purser
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Linsen Li
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Cathryn P Michaels
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander M Stramma
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Romain Debroux
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Isaac B Harris
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Martin Hayhurst Appel
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor C Nichols
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew E Trusheim
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Dorian A Gangloff
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Dirk Englund
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Mete Atatüre
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Koch M, Hoese M, Bharadwaj V, Lang J, Hadden JP, Ramponi R, Jelezko F, Eaton SM, Kubanek A. Super-Poissonian Light Statistics from Individual Silicon Vacancy Centers Coupled to a Laser-Written Diamond Waveguide. ACS PHOTONICS 2022; 9:3366-3373. [PMID: 36281332 PMCID: PMC9585639 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.2c00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Modifying light fields at the single-photon level is a key challenge for upcoming quantum technologies and can be realized in a scalable manner through integrated quantum photonics. Laser-written diamond photonics offers 3D fabrication capabilities and large mode-field diameters matched to fiber optic technology, though limiting the cooperativity at the single-emitter level. To realize large coupling efficiencies, we combine excitation of single shallow-implanted silicon vacancy centers via high numerical aperture optics with detection assisted by laser-written type-II waveguides. We demonstrate single-emitter extinction measurements with a cooperativity of 0.0050 and a relative beta factor of 13%. The transmission of resonant photons reveals single-photon subtraction from a quasi-coherent field resulting in super-Poissonian light statistics. Our architecture enables light field engineering in an integrated design on the single quantum level although the intrinsic cooperativity is low. Laser-written structures can be fabricated in three dimensions and with a natural connectivity to optical fiber arrays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael
K. Koch
- Institute
for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, UlmD-89081, Germany
- Center
for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQst), Ulm University, UlmD-89081, Germany
| | - Michael Hoese
- Institute
for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, UlmD-89081, Germany
| | - Vibhav Bharadwaj
- Institute
for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, UlmD-89081, Germany
- Institute
for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN)—CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano20133, Italy
| | - Johannes Lang
- Institute
for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, UlmD-89081, Germany
- Diatope
GmbH, UmmendorfD-88444, Germany
| | - John P. Hadden
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, CardiffCF24 3AA, U.K.
| | - Roberta Ramponi
- Institute
for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN)—CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano20133, Italy
| | - Fedor Jelezko
- Institute
for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, UlmD-89081, Germany
- Center for
Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQst), Ulm University, UlmD-89081, Germany
| | - Shane M. Eaton
- Institute
for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN)—CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milano20133, Italy
| | - Alexander Kubanek
- Institute
for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, UlmD-89081, Germany
- Center for
Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQst), Ulm University, UlmD-89081, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen D, Fröch JE, Ru S, Cai H, Wang N, Adamo G, Scott J, Li F, Zheludev N, Aharonovich I, Gao W. Quantum Interference of Resonance Fluorescence from Germanium-Vacancy Color Centers in Diamond. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6306-6312. [PMID: 35913802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Resonance fluorescence from a quantum emitter is an ideal source to extract indistinguishable photons. By using the cross-polarization to suppress the laser scattering, we observed resonance fluorescence from GeV color centers in diamond at cryogenic temperature. The Fourier-transform-limited line width emission with T2/2T1 ∼ 0.86 allows for two-photon interference based on single GeV color center. Under pulsed excitation, the separated photons exhibit a Hong-Ou-Mandel quantum interference above classical limit, whereas the continuous-wave excitation leads to a coalescence time window of 1.05 radiative lifetime. In addition, we demonstrated a single-shot readout of spin states with a fidelity of 74%. Our experiments lay down the foundation for building a quantum network with GeV color centers in diamond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Disheng Chen
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- The Photonics Institute and Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Johannes E Fröch
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Shihao Ru
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hongbing Cai
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- The Photonics Institute and Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Naizhou Wang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- The Photonics Institute and Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Giorgio Adamo
- The Photonics Institute and Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - John Scott
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Fuli Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Nikolay Zheludev
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- The Photonics Institute and Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Hampshire, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Aharonovich
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Weibo Gao
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- The Photonics Institute and Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bogdanov KV, Baranov MA, Feoktistov NA, Kaliya IE, Golubev VG, Grudinkin SA, Baranov AV. Duo Emission of CVD Nanodiamonds Doped by SiV and GeV Color Centers: Effects of Growth Conditions. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15103589. [PMID: 35629616 PMCID: PMC9144245 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The investigation of the hot filament chemical vapor deposition nanodiamonds with simultaneously embedded luminescent GeV− and SiV− color centers from solid sources showed that both the absolute and relative intensities of their zero-phonon lines (at 602 and 738 nm) depend on nanodiamond growth conditions (a methane concentration in the CH4/H2 gas mixture, growth temperature, and time). It is shown that a controlled choice of parameters of hot filament chemical vapor deposition synthesis makes it possible to select the optimal synthesis conditions for tailoring bicolor fluorescence nanodiamond labels for imaging biological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Bogdanov
- Center of Information and Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, bldg. A, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia; (K.V.B.); (M.A.B.); (I.E.K.); (S.A.G.)
| | - Mikhail A. Baranov
- Center of Information and Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, bldg. A, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia; (K.V.B.); (M.A.B.); (I.E.K.); (S.A.G.)
| | - Nikolay A. Feoktistov
- Ioffe Institute, Polytechnicheskaya 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.A.F.); (V.G.G.)
| | - Ilya E. Kaliya
- Center of Information and Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, bldg. A, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia; (K.V.B.); (M.A.B.); (I.E.K.); (S.A.G.)
| | - Valery G. Golubev
- Ioffe Institute, Polytechnicheskaya 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.A.F.); (V.G.G.)
| | - Sergey A. Grudinkin
- Center of Information and Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, bldg. A, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia; (K.V.B.); (M.A.B.); (I.E.K.); (S.A.G.)
- Ioffe Institute, Polytechnicheskaya 26, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.A.F.); (V.G.G.)
| | - Alexander V. Baranov
- Center of Information and Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, bldg. A, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia; (K.V.B.); (M.A.B.); (I.E.K.); (S.A.G.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Guo X, Delegan N, Karsch JC, Li Z, Liu T, Shreiner R, Butcher A, Awschalom DD, Heremans FJ, High AA. Tunable and Transferable Diamond Membranes for Integrated Quantum Technologies. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:10392-10399. [PMID: 34894697 PMCID: PMC8704172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Color centers in diamond are widely explored as qubits in quantum technologies. However, challenges remain in the effective and efficient integration of these diamond-hosted qubits in device heterostructures. Here, nanoscale-thick uniform diamond membranes are synthesized via "smart-cut" and isotopically (12C) purified overgrowth. These membranes have tunable thicknesses (demonstrated 50 to 250 nm), are deterministically transferable, have bilaterally atomically flat surfaces (Rq ≤ 0.3 nm), and bulk-diamond-like crystallinity. Color centers are synthesized via both implantation and in situ overgrowth incorporation. Within 110-nm-thick membranes, individual germanium-vacancy (GeV-) centers exhibit stable photoluminescence at 5.4 K and average optical transition line widths as low as 125 MHz. The room temperature spin coherence of individual nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) centers shows Ramsey spin dephasing times (T2*) and Hahn echo times (T2) as long as 150 and 400 μs, respectively. This platform enables the straightforward integration of diamond membranes that host coherent color centers into quantum technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinghan Guo
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - Nazar Delegan
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
- Center
for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jonathan C. Karsch
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - Zixi Li
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - Tianle Liu
- Department
of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - Robert Shreiner
- Department
of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - Amy Butcher
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - David D. Awschalom
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
- Center
for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department
of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
| | - F. Joseph Heremans
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
- Center
for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Alexander A. High
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60615, United States
- Center
for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Obydennov DV, Shilkin DA, Elyas EI, Yaroshenko VV, Kudryavtsev OS, Zuev DA, Lyubin EV, Ekimov EA, Vlasov II, Fedyanin AA. Spontaneous Light Emission Assisted by Mie Resonances in Diamond Nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:10127-10132. [PMID: 34492189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous light emission is known to be affected by the local density of states and enhanced when coupled to a resonant cavity. Here, we report on an experimental study of silicon-vacancy (SiV) color center fluorescence and spontaneous Raman scattering from subwavelength diamond particles supporting low-order Mie resonances in the visible range. For the first time to our knowledge, we have measured the size dependences of the SiV fluorescence emission rate and the Raman scattering intensity from individual diamond particles in the range from 200 to 450 nm. The obtained dependences reveal a sequence of peaks, which we explicitly associate with specific multipole resonances. The results are in agreement with our theoretical analysis and highlight the potential of intrinsic optical resonances for developing nanodiamond-based lasers and single-photon sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V Obydennov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Daniil A Shilkin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ekaterina I Elyas
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vitaly V Yaroshenko
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | - Oleg S Kudryavtsev
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Zuev
- School of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | - Evgeny V Lyubin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Ekimov
- Institute for High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk 142190, Russia
- Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117924, Russia
| | - Igor I Vlasov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Andrey A Fedyanin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jatakia P, Vinjanampathy S, Saha K. Detecting initial correlations via correlated spectroscopy in hybrid quantum systems. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20718. [PMID: 34671087 PMCID: PMC8528928 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99718-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Generic mesoscopic quantum systems that interact with their environment tend to display appreciable correlations with environment that often play an important role in the physical properties of the system. However, the experimental methods needed to characterize such systems either ignore the role of initial correlations or scale unfavourably with system dimensions. Here, we present a technique that is agnostic to system-environment correlations and can be potentially implemented experimentally. Under a specific set of constraints, we demonstrate the ability to detect and measure specific correlations. We apply the technique to two cases related to Nitrogen Vacancy Centers (NV). Firstly, we use the technique on an NV coupled to a P1 defect centre in the environment to demonstrate the ability to detect dark spins. Secondly, we implement the technique on a hybrid quantum system of NV coupled to an optical cavity with initial correlations. We extract the interaction strength and effective number of interacting NVs from the initial correlations using our technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parth Jatakia
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA.
| | - Sai Vinjanampathy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kasturi Saha
- Solid State Device Group, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dong XL, Li PB, Liu T, Nori F. Unconventional Quantum Sound-Matter Interactions in Spin-Optomechanical-Crystal Hybrid Systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:203601. [PMID: 34110200 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.203601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We predict a set of unusual quantum acoustic phenomena resulting from sound-matter interactions in a fully tunable solid-state platform in which an array of solid-state spins in diamond are coupled to quantized acoustic waves in a one-dimensional optomechanical crystal. We find that, by using a spatially varying laser drive that introduces a position-dependent phase in the optomechanical interaction, the mechanical band structure can be tuned in situ, consequently leading to unconventional quantum sound-matter interactions. We show that quasichiral sound-matter interactions can occur, with tunable ranges from bidirectional to quasiunidirectional, when the spins are resonant with the bands. When the solid-state spin frequency lies within the acoustic band gap, we demonstrate the emergence of an exotic polariton bound state that can mediate long-range tunable, odd-neighbor, and complex spin-spin interactions. This work expands the present exploration of quantum phononics and can have wide applications in quantum simulations and quantum information processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Liang Dong
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Peng-Bo Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tao Liu
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Palyanov YN, Borzdov YM, Kupriyanov IN, Khohkhryakov AF, Nechaev DV. Rare-earth metal catalysts for high-pressure synthesis of rare diamonds. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8421. [PMID: 33875767 PMCID: PMC8055970 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88038-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of the unique properties of diamond and the prospects for its high-technology applications urges the search for new solvents–catalysts for the synthesis of diamonds with rare and unusual properties. Here we report the synthesis of diamond from melts of 15 rare-earth metals (REM) at 7.8 GPa and 1800–2100 °C. The boundary conditions for diamond crystallization and the optimal parameters for single crystal diamond synthesis are determined. Depending on the REM catalyst, diamond crystallizes in the form of cube–octahedrons, octahedrons and specific crystals bound by tetragon–trioctahedron and trigon–trioctahedron faces. The synthesized diamonds are nitrogen-free and belong to the rare type II, indicating that the rare-earth metals act as both solvent–catalysts and nitrogen getters. It is found that the REM catalysts enable synthesis of diamond doped with group IV elements with formation of impurity–vacancy color centers, promising for the emerging quantum technologies. Our study demonstrates a new field of application of rare-earth metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri N Palyanov
- V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academican Koptyug Ave., 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation. .,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str., 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation.
| | - Yuri M Borzdov
- V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academican Koptyug Ave., 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Igor N Kupriyanov
- V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academican Koptyug Ave., 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander F Khohkhryakov
- V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academican Koptyug Ave., 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str., 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Denis V Nechaev
- V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academican Koptyug Ave., 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Qiu D, Wang B, He K, Gu Y, Gao N, Li H. The electronic and magnetic properties of diamond with substitutional germanium modulated by vacancies and charge states. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
22
|
Liu K, Zhang S, Ralchenko V, Qiao P, Zhao J, Shu G, Yang L, Han J, Dai B, Zhu J. Tailoring of Typical Color Centers in Diamond for Photonics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2000891. [PMID: 32815269 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
On the demand of single-photon entangled light sources and high-sensitivity probes in the fields of quantum information processing, weak magnetic field detection and biosensing, the nitrogen vacancy (NV) color center is very attractive and has been deeply and intensively studied, due to its convenience of spin initialization, operation, and optical readout combined with long coherence time in the ambient environment. Although the application prospect is promising, there are still some problems to be solved before fully exerting its characteristic performance, including enhancement of emission of NV centers in certain charge state (NV- or NV0 ), obtaining indistinguishable photons, and improving of collecting efficiency for the photons. Herein, the research progress in these issues is reviewed and commented on to help researchers grasp the current trends. In addition, the development of emerging color centers, such as germanium vacancy defects, and rare-earth dopants, with great potential for various applications, are also briefly surveyed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Sen Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Victor Ralchenko
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Pengfei Qiao
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Jiwen Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Guoyang Shu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Jiecai Han
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Bing Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kumar S, Wu C, Komisar D, Kan Y, Kulikova LF, Davydov VA, Agafonov VN, Bozhevolnyi SI. Fluorescence enhancement of a single germanium vacancy center in a nanodiamond by a plasmonic Bragg cavity. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:044303. [PMID: 33514119 DOI: 10.1063/5.0033507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Germanium vacancy (GeV) centers in diamonds constitute a promising platform for single-photon sources to be used in quantum information technologies. Emission from these color centers can be enhanced by utilizing a cavity that is resonant at the peak emission wavelength. We investigate circular plasmonic Bragg cavities for enhancing the emission from single GeV centers in nanodiamonds (NDs) at the zero phonon line. Following simulations of the enhancement for different configuration parameters, the appropriately designed Bragg cavities together with out-coupling gratings composed of hydrogen silsesquioxane ridges are fabricated around the NDs containing nitrogen vacancy centers deposited on a silica-coated silver surface. We characterize the fabricated configurations and finely tune the cavity parameters to match the GeV emission. Finally, we fabricate the cavity containing a single GeV-ND and compare the total decay-rate before and after cavity fabrication, finding a decay-rate enhancement of ∼5.5 and thereby experimentally confirming the feasibility of emission enhancement with circular plasmonic cavities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shailesh Kumar
- Centre for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Cuo Wu
- Centre for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Danylo Komisar
- Centre for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Yinhui Kan
- Centre for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Liudmilla F Kulikova
- L.F. Vereshchagin Institute for High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow 142190, Russia
| | - Valery A Davydov
- L.F. Vereshchagin Institute for High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow 142190, Russia
| | | | - Sergey I Bozhevolnyi
- Centre for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M DK-5230, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Head-Marsden K, Flick J, Ciccarino CJ, Narang P. Quantum Information and Algorithms for Correlated Quantum Matter. Chem Rev 2020; 121:3061-3120. [PMID: 33326218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Discoveries in quantum materials, which are characterized by the strongly quantum-mechanical nature of electrons and atoms, have revealed exotic properties that arise from correlations. It is the promise of quantum materials for quantum information science superimposed with the potential of new computational quantum algorithms to discover new quantum materials that inspires this Review. We anticipate that quantum materials to be discovered and developed in the next years will transform the areas of quantum information processing including communication, storage, and computing. Simultaneously, efforts toward developing new quantum algorithmic approaches for quantum simulation and advanced calculation methods for many-body quantum systems enable major advances toward functional quantum materials and their deployment. The advent of quantum computing brings new possibilities for eliminating the exponential complexity that has stymied simulation of correlated quantum systems on high-performance classical computers. Here, we review new algorithms and computational approaches to predict and understand the behavior of correlated quantum matter. The strongly interdisciplinary nature of the topics covered necessitates a common language to integrate ideas from these fields. We aim to provide this common language while weaving together fields across electronic structure theory, quantum electrodynamics, algorithm design, and open quantum systems. Our Review is timely in presenting the state-of-the-art in the field toward algorithms with nonexponential complexity for correlated quantum matter with applications in grand-challenge problems. Looking to the future, at the intersection of quantum information science and algorithms for correlated quantum matter, we envision seminal advances in predicting many-body quantum states and describing excitonic quantum matter and large-scale entangled states, a better understanding of high-temperature superconductivity, and quantifying open quantum system dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kade Head-Marsden
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Johannes Flick
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Christopher J Ciccarino
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Prineha Narang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li PB, Zhou Y, Gao WB, Nori F. Enhancing Spin-Phonon and Spin-Spin Interactions Using Linear Resources in a Hybrid Quantum System. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:153602. [PMID: 33095609 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.153602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid spin-mechanical setups offer a versatile platform for quantum science and technology, but improving the spin-phonon as well as the spin-spin couplings of such systems remains a crucial challenge. Here, we propose and analyze an experimentally feasible and simple method for exponentially enhancing the spin-phonon and the phonon-mediated spin-spin interactions in a hybrid spin-mechanical setup, using only linear resources. Through modulating the spring constant of the mechanical cantilever with a time-dependent pump, we can acquire a tunable and nonlinear (two-phonon) drive to the mechanical mode, thus amplifying the mechanical zero-point fluctuations and directly enhancing the spin-phonon coupling. This method allows the spin-mechanical system to be driven from the weak-coupling regime to the strong-coupling regime, and even the ultrastrong coupling regime. In the dispersive regime, this method gives rise to a large enhancement of the phonon-mediated spin-spin interactions between distant solid-state spins, typically two orders of magnitude larger than that without modulation. As an example, we show that the proposed scheme can apply to generating entangled states of multiple spins with high fidelities even in the presence of large dissipations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Bo Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yuan Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Science, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, China
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Wei-Bo Gao
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hoese M, Reddy P, Dietrich A, Koch MK, Fehler KG, Doherty MW, Kubanek A. Mechanical decoupling of quantum emitters in hexagonal boron nitride from low-energy phonon modes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba6038. [PMID: 32998895 PMCID: PMC7527221 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba6038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Quantum emitters in hexagonal boron nitride were recently reported to hold unusual narrow homogeneous linewidths of tens of megahertz within the Fourier transform limit at room temperature. This unique observation was traced back to decoupling from in-plane phonon modes. Here, we investigate the origins for the mechanical decoupling. New sample preparation improved spectral diffusion, which allowed us to reveal a gap in the electron-phonon spectral density for low phonon frequencies. This sign for mechanical decoupling persists up to room temperature and explains the observed narrow lines at 300 kelvin. We investigate the dipole emission directionality and reveal preferred photon emission through channels between the layers supporting the claim for out-of-plane distorted defect centers. Our work provides insights into the underlying physics for the persistence of Fourier transform limit lines up to room temperature and gives a guide to the community on how to identify the exotic emitters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hoese
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Prithvi Reddy
- Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Andreas Dietrich
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael K Koch
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Konstantin G Fehler
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
- Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQst), Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Marcus W Doherty
- Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Alexander Kubanek
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.
- Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQst), Ulm University, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sakib N, Ryckman JD. Design of ultra-small mode area all-dielectric waveguides exploiting the vectorial nature of light. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:4730-4733. [PMID: 32870843 DOI: 10.1364/ol.394848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The wave nature and diffraction of light pose a significant bottleneck to the continued performance and efficiency scaling of a wide variety of integrated photonic devices, often necessitating solutions based on resonance, slow-light, or plasmonics to derive enhanced light-matter interaction. Here, we introduce all-dielectric waveguides that exploit the vectorial nature of light to achieve strong subdiffraction confinement in high index dielectrics, enabling characteristic mode dimensions below λ02/1000 without metals or plasmonics. We further show how these ultra-small mode areas may coincide or diverge from the nonlinear effective mode area. The work opens the door to new types of waveguide-based devices featuring strong near-field confinement, Purcell factors, and nonlinear effects, with broad applications spanning classical and quantum optics.
Collapse
|
28
|
Sha Y, Jia Z, Li Z, Pan Y, Nan P, Ni X. Dislocation analysis of germanium wafers under 1080 nm laser ablation. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:6803-6808. [PMID: 32788770 DOI: 10.1364/ao.387936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
COMSOL Multiphysics was employed to establish a dislocation model based on the Alexander and Haasen (AH) model, the heat conduction equation, and Hooke's law for calculating the dislocation distribution of germanium (Ge) under laser irradiation. The numerical simulation results were obtained. A continuous 1080 nm laser was utilized to ablate the monocrystalline Ge wafers to validate the model. The experimental results show that no surface damage appears until the irradiances go up to 234W/cm2 for 100 ms laser ablation. This is consistent with the numerical findings. The initiation times of surface damage by the experiments at 234W/cm2 and above agree well with the numerical results, which means that the model can efficiently predict the dislocation field.
Collapse
|
29
|
Wahl U, Correia JG, Villarreal R, Bourgeois E, Gulka M, Nesládek M, Vantomme A, Pereira LMC. Direct Structural Identification and Quantification of the Split-Vacancy Configuration for Implanted Sn in Diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:045301. [PMID: 32794782 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.045301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate formation of the ideal split-vacancy configuration of the Sn-vacancy center upon implantation into natural diamond. Using β^{-} emission channeling following low fluence ^{121}Sn implantation (2×10^{12} atoms/cm^{2}, 60 keV) at the ISOLDE facility at CERN, we directly identified and quantified the atomic configurations of the Sn-related centers. Our data show that the split-vacancy configuration is formed immediately upon implantation with a surprisingly high efficiency of ≈40%. Upon thermal annealing at 920 °C ≈30% of Sn is found in the ideal bond-center position. Photoluminescence revealed the characteristic SnV^{-} line at 621 nm, with an extraordinarily narrow ensemble linewidth (2.3 nm) of near-perfect Lorentzian shape. These findings further establish the SnV^{-} center as a promising candidate for single photon emission applications, since, in addition to exceptional optical properties, it also shows a remarkably simple structural formation mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Wahl
- KU Leuven, Quantum Solid-State Physics, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - J G Correia
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - R Villarreal
- KU Leuven, Quantum Solid-State Physics, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Bourgeois
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMOMEC division, IMEC, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - M Gulka
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - M Nesládek
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMOMEC division, IMEC, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - A Vantomme
- KU Leuven, Quantum Solid-State Physics, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - L M C Pereira
- KU Leuven, Quantum Solid-State Physics, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wan NH, Lu TJ, Chen KC, Walsh MP, Trusheim ME, De Santis L, Bersin EA, Harris IB, Mouradian SL, Christen IR, Bielejec ES, Englund D. Large-scale integration of artificial atoms in hybrid photonic circuits. Nature 2020; 583:226-231. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2441-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
31
|
Westerhausen MT, Trycz AT, Stewart C, Nonahal M, Regan B, Kianinia M, Aharonovich I. Controlled Doping of GeV and SnV Color Centers in Diamond Using Chemical Vapor Deposition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:29700-29705. [PMID: 32492334 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Group IV color centers in diamond (Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb) have recently emerged as promising candidates for realization of scalable quantum photonics. However, their synthesis in nanoscale diamond is still in its infancy. In this work we demonstrate controlled synthesis of selected group IV defects (Ge and Sn) into nanodiamonds and nanoscale single crystal diamond membranes by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. We take advantage of inorganic salts to prepare the chemical precursors that contain the required ions that are then incorporated into the growing diamond. Photoluminescence measurements confirm that the selected group IV emitters are present in the diamond without degrading its structural quality. Our results are important to expand the versatile synthesis of color centers in diamond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mika T Westerhausen
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Aleksandra T Trycz
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Connor Stewart
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Milad Nonahal
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Blake Regan
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Mehran Kianinia
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Igor Aharonovich
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Butcher A, Guo X, Shreiner R, Delegan N, Hao K, Duda PJ, Awschalom DD, Heremans FJ, High AA. High- Q Nanophotonic Resonators on Diamond Membranes using Templated Atomic Layer Deposition of TiO 2. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:4603-4609. [PMID: 32441528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Integrating solid-state quantum emitters with nanophotonic resonators is essential for efficient spin-photon interfacing and optical networking applications. While diamond color centers have proven to be excellent candidates for emerging quantum technologies, their integration with optical resonators remains challenging. Conventional approaches based on etching resonators into diamond often negatively impact color center performance and offer low device yield. Here, we developed an integrated photonics platform based on templated atomic layer deposition of TiO2 on diamond membranes. Our fabrication method yields high-performance nanophotonic devices while avoiding etching wavelength-scale features into diamond. Moreover, this technique generates highly reproducible optical resonances and can be iterated on individual diamond samples, a unique processing advantage. Our approach is suitable for a broad range of both wavelengths and substrates and can enable high-cooperativity interfacing between cavity photons and coherent defects in diamond or silicon carbide, rare earth ions, or other material systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Butcher
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Xinghan Guo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Robert Shreiner
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Nazar Delegan
- Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Kai Hao
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Peter J Duda
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - David D Awschalom
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - F Joseph Heremans
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Alexander A High
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering and Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Morioka N, Babin C, Nagy R, Gediz I, Hesselmeier E, Liu D, Joliffe M, Niethammer M, Dasari D, Vorobyov V, Kolesov R, Stöhr R, Ul-Hassan J, Son NT, Ohshima T, Udvarhelyi P, Thiering G, Gali A, Wrachtrup J, Kaiser F. Spin-controlled generation of indistinguishable and distinguishable photons from silicon vacancy centres in silicon carbide. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2516. [PMID: 32433556 PMCID: PMC7239935 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16330-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum systems combining indistinguishable photon generation and spin-based quantum information processing are essential for remote quantum applications and networking. However, identification of suitable systems in scalable platforms remains a challenge. Here, we investigate the silicon vacancy centre in silicon carbide and demonstrate controlled emission of indistinguishable and distinguishable photons via coherent spin manipulation. Using strong off-resonant excitation and collecting zero-phonon line photons, we show a two-photon interference contrast close to 90% in Hong-Ou-Mandel type experiments. Further, we exploit the system’s intimate spin-photon relation to spin-control the colour and indistinguishability of consecutively emitted photons. Our results provide a deep insight into the system’s spin-phonon-photon physics and underline the potential of the industrially compatible silicon carbide platform for measurement-based entanglement distribution and photonic cluster state generation. Additional coupling to quantum registers based on individual nuclear spins would further allow for high-level network-relevant quantum information processing, such as error correction and entanglement purification. Defects in silicon carbide can act as single photon sources that also have the benefit of a host material that is already used in electronic devices. Here the authors demonstrate that they can control the distinguishability of the emitted photons by changing the defect spin state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Morioka
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany. .,Advanced Research and Innovation Center, DENSO CORPORATION, Nisshin, 470-0111, Japan.
| | - Charles Babin
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roland Nagy
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Izel Gediz
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Erik Hesselmeier
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Di Liu
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Matthew Joliffe
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Matthias Niethammer
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Durga Dasari
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Vadim Vorobyov
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roman Kolesov
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rainer Stöhr
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jawad Ul-Hassan
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Nguyen Tien Son
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Takeshi Ohshima
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Takasaki, 370-1292, Japan
| | - Péter Udvarhelyi
- Department of Biological Physics, Eötvös University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.,Wigner Research Centre for Physics, P.O. Box 49, 1525, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8., 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergő Thiering
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, P.O. Box 49, 1525, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Gali
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, P.O. Box 49, 1525, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8., 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jörg Wrachtrup
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Florian Kaiser
- 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart and Institute for Quantum Science and Technology IQST, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Castelletto S, Inam FA, Sato SI, Boretti A. Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin-photon interface. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 11:740-769. [PMID: 32461875 PMCID: PMC7214868 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Single-photon sources and their optical spin readout are at the core of applications in quantum communication, quantum computation, and quantum sensing. Their integration in photonic structures such as photonic crystals, microdisks, microring resonators, and nanopillars is essential for their deployment in quantum technologies. While there are currently only two material platforms (diamond and silicon carbide) with proven single-photon emission from the visible to infrared, a quantum spin-photon interface, and ancilla qubits, it is expected that other material platforms could emerge with similar characteristics in the near future. These two materials also naturally lead to monolithic integrated photonics as both are good photonic materials. While so far the verification of single-photon sources was based on discovery, assignment and then assessment and control of their quantum properties for applications, a better approach could be to identify applications and then search for the material that could address the requirements of the application in terms of quantum properties of the defects. This approach is quite difficult as it is based mostly on the reliability of modeling and predicting of color center properties in various materials, and their experimental verification is challenging. In this paper, we review some recent advances in an emerging material, low-dimensional (2D, 1D, 0D) hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), which could lead to establishing such a platform. We highlight the recent achievements of the specific material for the expected applications in quantum technologies, indicating complementary outstanding properties compared to the other 3D bulk materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Faraz A Inam
- Dept. of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P. 202002, India
| | - Shin-ichiro Sato
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Takasaki, Gunma, 370-1292, Japan
| | - Alberto Boretti
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar 31952, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li X, Zhang H, Sun H. Quantum coherent manipulating of pulse propagation in diamond germanium-vacancy centers. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:105402. [PMID: 31747643 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab59bc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The weak probe pulse propagation is demonstrated in a solid-state system filled with diamond germanium-vacancy (GeV) defect centers under optical excitation. We find that the form of pulse propagation could be greatly manipulated by the probe-detuning, control-detuning, the control field's intensity and the GeV centers density due to quantum coherence. It shows that the pulse can propagate without diffusion and attenuation because of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) under appropriate parameters in this solid scheme. Our results perhaps are helpful in actual tests to realize the optical computing and optical storage devices in a quantum nanophotonic platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- School of Physics and Information Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, People's Republic of China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Li T, Wang Z, Xia K. Multipartite quantum entanglement creation for distant stationary systems. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:1316-1329. [PMID: 32121845 DOI: 10.1364/oe.383152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present efficient protocols for creating multipartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) and W states of distant stationary qubits. The system nonuniformity and/or the non-ideal single-photon scattering usually limit the performance of entanglement creation, and result in the decrease of the fidelity and the efficiency in practical quantum information processing. By using linear optical elements, errors caused by the system nonuniformity and non-ideal photon scattering can be converted into heralded loss in our protocols. Thus, the fidelity of generated multipartite entangled states keeps unchanged and only the efficiency decreases. The GHZ state of distant stationary qubits is created in a parallel way that its generation efficiency considerably increases. In the protocol for creating the W state of N distant stationary qubits, an input single photon is prepared in a superposition state and sent into N paths parallelly. We use the two-spatial-mode interferences to eliminate the "which path" single-photon scattering "knowledge". As a result, the efficiency of creating the N-qubit W state is independent of the number of stationary qubits rather than exponentially decreases.
Collapse
|
37
|
Trusheim ME, Pingault B, Wan NH, Gündoğan M, De Santis L, Debroux R, Gangloff D, Purser C, Chen KC, Walsh M, Rose JJ, Becker JN, Lienhard B, Bersin E, Paradeisanos I, Wang G, Lyzwa D, Montblanch ARP, Malladi G, Bakhru H, Ferrari AC, Walmsley IA, Atatüre M, Englund D. Transform-Limited Photons From a Coherent Tin-Vacancy Spin in Diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:023602. [PMID: 32004012 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.023602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state quantum emitters that couple coherent optical transitions to long-lived spin qubits are essential for quantum networks. Here we report on the spin and optical properties of individual tin-vacancy (SnV) centers in diamond nanostructures. Through cryogenic magneto-optical and spin spectroscopy, we verify the inversion-symmetric electronic structure of the SnV, identify spin-conserving and spin-flipping transitions, characterize transition linewidths, measure electron spin lifetimes, and evaluate the spin dephasing time. We find that the optical transitions are consistent with the radiative lifetime limit even in nanofabricated structures. The spin lifetime is phonon limited with an exponential temperature scaling leading to T_{1}>10 ms, and the coherence time, T_{2}^{*} reaches the nuclear spin-bath limit upon cooling to 2.9 K. These spin properties exceed those of other inversion-symmetric color centers for which similar values require millikelvin temperatures. With a combination of coherent optical transitions and long spin coherence without dilution refrigeration, the SnV is a promising candidate for feasable and scalable quantum networking applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Trusheim
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Benjamin Pingault
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Noel H Wan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Mustafa Gündoğan
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo De Santis
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Romain Debroux
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Dorian Gangloff
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Carola Purser
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin C Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Michael Walsh
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Joshua J Rose
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Jonas N Becker
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Lienhard
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Eric Bersin
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Ioannis Paradeisanos
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Gang Wang
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Dominika Lyzwa
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Alejandro R-P Montblanch
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Girish Malladi
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, New York 12203, USA
| | - Hassaram Bakhru
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 257 Fuller Road, Albany, New York 12203, USA
| | - Andrea C Ferrari
- Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Ian A Walmsley
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Mete Atatüre
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Dirk Englund
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhou Y, Scuri G, Sung J, Gelly RJ, Wild DS, De Greve K, Joe AY, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Kim P, Lukin MD, Park H. Controlling Excitons in an Atomically Thin Membrane with a Mirror. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:027401. [PMID: 32004011 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.027401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a new approach for dynamically manipulating the optical response of an atomically thin semiconductor, a monolayer of MoSe_{2}, by suspending it over a metallic mirror. First, we show that suspended van der Waals heterostructures incorporating a MoSe_{2} monolayer host spatially homogeneous, lifetime-broadened excitons. Then, we interface this nearly ideal excitonic system with a metallic mirror and demonstrate control over the exciton-photon coupling. Specifically, by electromechanically changing the distance between the heterostructure and the mirror, thereby changing the local photonic density of states in a controllable and reversible fashion, we show that both the absorption and emission properties of the excitons can be dynamically modulated. This electromechanical control over exciton dynamics in a mechanically flexible, atomically thin semiconductor opens up new avenues in cavity quantum optomechanics, nonlinear quantum optics, and topological photonics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Giovanni Scuri
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Jiho Sung
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Ryan J Gelly
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Dominik S Wild
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Kristiaan De Greve
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Andrew Y Joe
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Philip Kim
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Mikhail D Lukin
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Hongkun Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bradac C, Gao W, Forneris J, Trusheim ME, Aharonovich I. Quantum nanophotonics with group IV defects in diamond. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5625. [PMID: 31819050 PMCID: PMC6901484 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13332-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diamond photonics is an ever-growing field of research driven by the prospects of harnessing diamond and its colour centres as suitable hardware for solid-state quantum applications. The last two decades have seen the field shaped by the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centre with both breakthrough fundamental physics demonstrations and practical realizations. Recently however, an entire suite of other diamond defects has emerged-group IV colour centres-namely the Si-, Ge-, Sn- and Pb-vacancies. In this perspective, we highlight the leading techniques for engineering and characterizing these diamond defects, discuss the current state-of-the-art group IV-based devices and provide an outlook of the future directions the field is taking towards the realisation of solid-state quantum photonics with diamond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Bradac
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Weibo Gao
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Jacopo Forneris
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, 10125, Italy
| | - Matthew E Trusheim
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Igor Aharonovich
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jia Y, He R, Vázquez de Aldana JR, Liu H, Chen F. Femtosecond laser direct writing of few-mode depressed-cladding waveguide lasers. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:30941-30951. [PMID: 31684335 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.030941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on mirrorless laser operation of Nd:YVO4 single- and double-cladding waveguides fabricated by femtosecond laser direct writing. Fundamental- (LP01) and high-order-mode (LP03, LP05) guiding and lasing have been observed in waveguides with different geometries and sizes. Double-cladding waveguides exhibit good guiding and lasing performance via inheriting advantages respectively from individual single cladding. As a result, continuous-wave lasing with a threshold as low as 59 mW is obtained, depending on the optical feedback provided only by Fresnel reflections at the waveguide end faces. By using few-layer graphene as saturable absorber, passively Q-switched operation in fabricated waveguides is also achieved.
Collapse
|
41
|
Khazali M, Murray CR, Pohl T. Polariton Exchange Interactions in Multichannel Optical Networks. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:113605. [PMID: 31573258 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.113605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We examine the dynamics of Rydberg polaritons with dipolar interactions that propagate in multiple spatial modes. The dipolar excitation exchange between different Rydberg states mediates an effective exchange between polaritons that enables photons to hop across different spatial channels. Remarkably, the efficiency of this photon exchange process can increase with the channel distance and becomes optimal at a finite rail separation. Based on this mechanism, we design a simple photonic network that realizes a two photon quantum gate with a robust π phase, protected by the symmetries of the underlying photon interaction and the geometry of the network. These capabilities expand the scope of Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency towards multidimensional geometries for nonlinear optical networks and explorations of photonic many-body physics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Callum R Murray
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Thomas Pohl
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lachman L, Straka I, Hloušek J, Ježek M, Filip R. Faithful Hierarchy of Genuine n-Photon Quantum Non-Gaussian Light. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:043601. [PMID: 31491243 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.043601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Light is an essential tool for connections between quantum devices and for diagnostic processes in quantum technology. Both applications deal with advanced nonclassical states beyond Gaussian coherent and squeezed states. Current development requires a loss-tolerant diagnostic of such nonclassical aspects. We propose and experimentally verify a faithful hierarchy of genuine n-photon quantum non-Gaussian light. We conclusively witnessed three-photon quantum non-Gaussian light in the experiment. Measured data demonstrate a direct applicability of the hierarchy for a large class of real states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Lachman
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Straka
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Hloušek
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Ježek
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Filip
- Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chen D, Mu Z, Zhou Y, Fröch JE, Rasmit A, Diederichs C, Zheludev N, Aharonovich I, Gao WB. Optical Gating of Resonance Fluorescence from a Single Germanium Vacancy Color Center in Diamond. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:033602. [PMID: 31386483 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.033602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Scalable quantum photonic networks require coherent excitation of quantum emitters. However, many solid-state systems can undergo a transition to a dark shelving state that inhibits the resonance fluorescence. Here, we demonstrate that by a controlled gating using a weak nonresonant laser, the resonant fluorescence can be recovered and amplified for single germanium vacancies. Employing the gated resonance excitation, we achieve optically stable resonance fluorescence of germanium vacancy centers. Our results are pivotal for the deployment of diamond color centers as reliable building blocks for scalable solid-state quantum networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Disheng Chen
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- The Photonics Institute and Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhao Mu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Yu Zhou
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Johannes E Fröch
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Abdullah Rasmit
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Carole Diederichs
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
- MajuLab, International Joint Research Unit UMI 3654, CNRS, Université Côte d'Azur, Sorbonne Université, NUS, NTU, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Nikolay Zheludev
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- The Photonics Institute and Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Hampshire, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Aharonovich
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Wei-Bo Gao
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- The Photonics Institute and Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Effect of Rare-Earth Element Oxides on Diamond Crystallization in Mg-Based Systems. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9060300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Diamond crystallization in Mg-R2O3-C systems (R = Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb) was studied at 7.8 GPa and 1800 °C. It was found that rare-earth oxide additives in an amount of 10 wt % did not significantly affect both the degree of graphite-to-diamond conversion and crystal morphology relative to the Mg-C system. The effect of higher amounts of rare-earth oxide additives on diamond crystallization was studied for a Mg-Sm2O3-C system with a Sm2O3 content varied from 0 to 50 wt %. It was established that with an increase in the Sm2O3 content in the growth system, the degree of graphite-to-diamond conversion decreased from 80% at 10% Sm2O3 to 0% at 40% Sm2O3. At high Sm2O3 contents (40 and 50 wt %), instead of diamond, mass crystallization of metastable graphite was established. The observed changes in the degree of the graphite-to-diamond conversion, the changeover of diamond crystallization to the crystallization of metastable graphite, and the changes in diamond crystal morphology with increasing the Sm2O3 content attested the inhibiting effect of rare-earth oxides on diamond crystallization processes in the Mg-Sm-O-C system. The crystallized diamonds were studied by a suite of optical spectroscopy techniques, and the major characteristics of their defect and impurity structures were revealed. For diamond crystals produced with 10 wt % and 20 wt % Sm2O3 additives, a specific photoluminescence signal comprising four groups of lines centered at approximately 580, 620, 670, and 725 nm was detected, which was tentatively assigned to emission characteristic of Sm3+ ions.
Collapse
|
45
|
Top-down fabrication of high-uniformity nanodiamonds by self-assembled block copolymer masks. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6914. [PMID: 31061512 PMCID: PMC6502864 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanodiamonds hosting colour centres are a promising material platform for various quantum technologies. The fabrication of non-aggregated and uniformly-sized nanodiamonds with systematic integration of single quantum emitters has so far been lacking. Here, we present a top-down fabrication method to produce 30.0 ± 5.4 nm uniformly-sized single-crystal nanodiamonds by block copolymer self-assembled nanomask patterning together with directional and isotropic reactive ion etching. We show detected emission from bright single nitrogen vacancy centres hosted in the fabricated nanodiamonds. The lithographically precise patterning of large areas of diamond by self-assembled masks and their release into uniformly sized nanodiamonds open up new possibilities for quantum information processing and sensing.
Collapse
|
46
|
Tran TT, Regan B, Ekimov EA, Mu Z, Zhou Y, Gao WB, Narang P, Solntsev AS, Toth M, Aharonovich I, Bradac C. Anti-Stokes excitation of solid-state quantum emitters for nanoscale thermometry. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav9180. [PMID: 31058227 PMCID: PMC6499589 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav9180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Color centers in solids are the fundamental constituents of a plethora of applications such as lasers, light-emitting diodes, and sensors, as well as the foundation of advanced quantum information and communication technologies. Their photoluminescence properties are usually studied under Stokes excitation, in which the emitted photons are at a lower energy than the excitation ones. In this work, we explore the opposite anti-Stokes process, where excitation is performed with lower-energy photons. We report that the process is sufficiently efficient to excite even a single quantum system-namely, the germanium-vacancy center in diamond. Consequently, we leverage the temperature-dependent, phonon-assisted mechanism to realize an all-optical nanoscale thermometry scheme that outperforms any homologous optical method used to date. Our results frame a promising approach for exploring fundamental light-matter interactions in isolated quantum systems and harness it toward the realization of practical nanoscale thermometry and sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toan Trong Tran
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Corresponding author. (T.T.T.); (C.B.)
| | - Blake Regan
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Evgeny A. Ekimov
- Institute for High Pressure Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Troitsk 108840, Russia
| | - Zhao Mu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Yu Zhou
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Wei-bo Gao
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Prineha Narang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexander S. Solntsev
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Milos Toth
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Igor Aharonovich
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Carlo Bradac
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Corresponding author. (T.T.T.); (C.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhang H, Wang G, Sun D, Li X, Sun H. Optical bistability and multistability induced by quantum coherence in diamond germanium-vacancy color centers. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:2522-2529. [PMID: 31045047 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.002522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Optical bistability (OB) and optical multistability (OM) behaviors are investigated theoretically in a four-level N-type diamond germanium-vacancy (GeV) color center scheme immersed in a unidirectional ring cavity based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). It is found that OB behavior is very sensitive to the system parameters, such as the detunings of probe and coupling fields and the intensities of coupling fields as well as the density of GeV centers, and the thresholds of OB can be controlled via changing these parameters. In addition, we can switch OB to OM by adjusting the intensity of control field and the density of GeV centers or vice versa. Our results may provide some guidance for an all-optical switching, optical communications, and optical logic devices in a solid-state system.
Collapse
|
48
|
Evans RE, Bhaskar MK, Sukachev DD, Nguyen CT, Sipahigil A, Burek MJ, Machielse B, Zhang GH, Zibrov AS, Bielejec E, Park H, Lončar M, Lukin MD. Photon-mediated interactions between quantum emitters in a diamond nanocavity. Science 2018; 362:662-665. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aau4691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Photon-mediated interactions between quantum systems are essential for realizing quantum networks and scalable quantum information processing. We demonstrate such interactions between pairs of silicon-vacancy (SiV) color centers coupled to a diamond nanophotonic cavity. When the optical transitions of the two color centers are tuned into resonance, the coupling to the common cavity mode results in a coherent interaction between them, leading to spectrally resolved superradiant and subradiant states. We use the electronic spin degrees of freedom of the SiV centers to control these optically mediated interactions. Such controlled interactions will be crucial in developing cavity-mediated quantum gates between spin qubits and for realizing scalable quantum network nodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. E. Evans
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - M. K. Bhaskar
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - D. D. Sukachev
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - C. T. Nguyen
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - A. Sipahigil
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter and Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - M. J. Burek
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - B. Machielse
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - G. H. Zhang
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - A. S. Zibrov
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - E. Bielejec
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - H. Park
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - M. Lončar
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - M. D. Lukin
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mirhosseini M, Kim E, Ferreira VS, Kalaee M, Sipahigil A, Keller AJ, Painter O. Superconducting metamaterials for waveguide quantum electrodynamics. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3706. [PMID: 30209270 PMCID: PMC6135821 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06142-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Embedding tunable quantum emitters in a photonic bandgap structure enables control of dissipative and dispersive interactions between emitters and their photonic bath. Operation in the transmission band, outside the gap, allows for studying waveguide quantum electrodynamics in the slow-light regime. Alternatively, tuning the emitter into the bandgap results in finite-range emitter-emitter interactions via bound photonic states. Here, we couple a transmon qubit to a superconducting metamaterial with a deep sub-wavelength lattice constant (λ/60). The metamaterial is formed by periodically loading a transmission line with compact, low-loss, low-disorder lumped-element microwave resonators. Tuning the qubit frequency in the vicinity of a band-edge with a group index of ng = 450, we observe an anomalous Lamb shift of -28 MHz accompanied by a 24-fold enhancement in the qubit lifetime. In addition, we demonstrate selective enhancement and inhibition of spontaneous emission of different transmon transitions, which provide simultaneous access to short-lived radiatively damped and long-lived metastable qubit states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirhosseini
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Eunjong Kim
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Vinicius S Ferreira
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Mahmoud Kalaee
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Alp Sipahigil
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Andrew J Keller
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Oskar Painter
- Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
- Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hurst DL, Price DM, Bentham C, Makhonin MN, Royall B, Clarke E, Kok P, Wilson LR, Skolnick MS, Fox AM. Nonreciprocal Transmission and Reflection of a Chirally Coupled Quantum Dot. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:5475-5481. [PMID: 30080970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report strongly nonreciprocal behavior for quantum dot exciton spins coupled to nanophotonic waveguides under resonant laser excitation. A clear dependence of the transmission spectrum on the propagation direction is found for a chirally coupled quantum dot, with spin up and spin down exciton spins coupling to the left and right propagation directions, respectively. The reflection signal shows an opposite trend to the transmission, which a numerical model indicates is due to direction-selective saturation of the quantum dot. The chiral spin-photon interface we demonstrate breaks reciprocity of the system and opens the way to spin-based quantum optical components such as optical diodes and circulators in a chip-based solid-state environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D L Hurst
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Sheffield , Hounsfield Road , Sheffield , S3 7RH , United Kingdom
| | - D M Price
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Sheffield , Hounsfield Road , Sheffield , S3 7RH , United Kingdom
| | - C Bentham
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Sheffield , Hounsfield Road , Sheffield , S3 7RH , United Kingdom
| | - M N Makhonin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Sheffield , Hounsfield Road , Sheffield , S3 7RH , United Kingdom
| | - B Royall
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Sheffield , Hounsfield Road , Sheffield , S3 7RH , United Kingdom
| | - E Clarke
- EPSRC National Epitaxy Facility, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering , University of Sheffield , Sheffield S1 3JD , United Kingdom
| | - P Kok
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Sheffield , Hounsfield Road , Sheffield , S3 7RH , United Kingdom
| | - L R Wilson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Sheffield , Hounsfield Road , Sheffield , S3 7RH , United Kingdom
| | - M S Skolnick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Sheffield , Hounsfield Road , Sheffield , S3 7RH , United Kingdom
| | - A M Fox
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , University of Sheffield , Hounsfield Road , Sheffield , S3 7RH , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|