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da Silva RC, Oliveira HC, Igamberdiev AU, Stasolla C, Gaspar M. Interplay between nitric oxide and inorganic nitrogen sources in root development and abiotic stress responses. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 297:154241. [PMID: 38640547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for plants, and the sources from which it is obtained can differently affect their entire development as well as stress responses. Distinct inorganic N sources (nitrate and ammonium) can lead to fluctuations in the nitric oxide (NO) levels and thus interfere with nitric oxide (NO)-mediated responses. These could lead to changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, hormone synthesis and signaling, and post-translational modifications of key proteins. As the consensus suggests that NO is primarily synthesized in the reductive pathways involving nitrate and nitrite reduction, it is expected that plants grown in a nitrate-enriched environment will produce more NO than those exposed to ammonium. Although the interplay between NO and different N sources in plants has been investigated, there are still many unanswered questions that require further elucidation. By building on previous knowledge regarding NO and N nutrition, this review expands the field by examining in more detail how NO responses are influenced by different N sources, focusing mainly on root development and abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Caetano da Silva
- Department of Biodiversity Conservation, Institute of Environmental Research, São Paulo, SP, 04301-902, Brazil
| | - Halley Caixeta Oliveira
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Abir U Igamberdiev
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Claudio Stasolla
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Marilia Gaspar
- Department of Biodiversity Conservation, Institute of Environmental Research, São Paulo, SP, 04301-902, Brazil.
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2
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Chen Z, Li X, He F, Liu B, Xu W, Chai L, Cheng X, Song L, Guo W, Hu Z, Su Z, Liu J, Xin M, Peng H, Yao Y, Sun Q, Xing J, Ni Z. Positional cloning and characterization reveal the role of TaSRN-3D and TaBSR1 in the regulation of seminal root number in wheat. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:2510-2523. [PMID: 38629267 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Seminal roots play a critical role in water and nutrient absorption, particularly in the early developmental stages of wheat. However, the genes responsible for controlling SRN in wheat remain largely unknown. Genetic mapping and functional analyses identified a candidate gene (TraesCS3D01G137200, TaSRN-3D) encoding a Ser/Thr kinase glycogen synthase kinase 3 (STKc_GSK3) that regulated SRN in wheat. Additionally, experiments involving hormone treatment, nitrate absorption and protein interaction were conducted to explore the regulatory mechanism of TaSRN-3D. Results showed that the TaSRN-3D4332 allele inhibited seminal roots initiation and development, while loss-of-function mutants showed significantly higher seminal root number (SRN). Exogenous application of epi-brassinolide could increase the SRN in a HS2-allelic background. Furthermore, chlorate sensitivity and 15N uptake assays revealed that a higher number of seminal roots promoted nitrate accumulation. TaBSR1 (BIN2-related SRN Regulator 1, orthologous to OsGRF4/GL2 in rice) acts as an interactor of TaSRN-3D and promotes TaBSR1 degradation to reduce SRN. This study provides valuable insights into understanding the genetic basis and regulatory network of SRN in wheat, highlighting their roles as potential targets for root-based improvement in wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyan Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuanshuang Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fei He
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Weiya Xu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lingling Chai
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuejiao Cheng
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, CIC-MCP, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Long Song
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Weilong Guo
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaorong Hu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhenqi Su
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingming Xin
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Huiru Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yingyin Yao
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qixin Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiewen Xing
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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3
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Kreisz P, Hellens AM, Fröschel C, Krischke M, Maag D, Feil R, Wildenhain T, Draken J, Braune G, Erdelitsch L, Cecchino L, Wagner TC, Ache P, Mueller MJ, Becker D, Lunn JE, Hanson J, Beveridge CA, Fichtner F, Barbier FF, Weiste C. S 1 basic leucine zipper transcription factors shape plant architecture by controlling C/N partitioning to apical and lateral organs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313343121. [PMID: 38315839 PMCID: PMC10873608 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313343121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants tightly control growth of their lateral organs, which led to the concept of apical dominance. However, outgrowth of the dormant lateral primordia is sensitive to the plant's nutritional status, resulting in an immense plasticity in plant architecture. While the impact of hormonal regulation on apical dominance is well characterized, the prime importance of sugar signaling to unleash lateral organ formation has just recently emerged. Here, we aimed to identify transcriptional regulators, which control the trade-off between growth of apical versus lateral organs. Making use of locally inducible gain-of-function as well as single and higher-order loss-of-function approaches of the sugar-responsive S1-basic-leucine-zipper (S1-bZIP) transcription factors, we disclosed their largely redundant function in establishing apical growth dominance. Consistently, comprehensive phenotypical and analytical studies of S1-bZIP mutants show a clear shift of sugar and organic nitrogen (N) allocation from apical to lateral organs, coinciding with strong lateral organ outgrowth. Tissue-specific transcriptomics reveal specific clade III SWEET sugar transporters, crucial for long-distance sugar transport to apical sinks and the glutaminase GLUTAMINE AMIDO-TRANSFERASE 1_2.1, involved in N homeostasis, as direct S1-bZIP targets, linking the architectural and metabolic mutant phenotypes to downstream gene regulation. Based on these results, we propose that S1-bZIPs control carbohydrate (C) partitioning from source leaves to apical organs and tune systemic N supply to restrict lateral organ formation by C/N depletion. Knowledge of the underlying mechanisms controlling plant C/N partitioning is of pivotal importance for breeding strategies to generate plants with desired architectural and nutritional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Kreisz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
| | - Alicia M. Hellens
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4072, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4072, Australia
| | - Christian Fröschel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
| | - Markus Krischke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
| | - Daniel Maag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
| | - Regina Feil
- Group System Regulation, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm14476, Germany
| | - Theresa Wildenhain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
| | - Jan Draken
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
| | - Gabriel Braune
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
| | - Leon Erdelitsch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
| | - Laura Cecchino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
| | - Tobias C. Wagner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
| | - Peter Ache
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
| | - Martin J. Mueller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
| | - Dirk Becker
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
| | - John E. Lunn
- Group System Regulation, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm14476, Germany
| | - Johannes Hanson
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Center, Umeå University, UmeåSE-901 87, Sweden
| | - Christine A. Beveridge
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4072, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4072, Australia
| | - Franziska Fichtner
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4072, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4072, Australia
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf40225, Germany
| | - Francois F. Barbier
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4072, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4072, Australia
- Institute for Plant Sciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INRAe, Institut Agro, Montpellier34060, France
| | - Christoph Weiste
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biocenter, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg97082, Germany
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4
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Sanchez-Corrionero A, Sánchez-Vicente I, Arteaga N, Manrique-Gil I, Gómez-Jiménez S, Torres-Quezada I, Albertos P, Lorenzo O. Fine-tuned nitric oxide and hormone interface in plant root development and regeneration. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:6104-6118. [PMID: 36548145 PMCID: PMC10575706 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant root growth and developmental capacities reside in a few stem cells of the root apical meristem (RAM). Maintenance of these stem cells requires regenerative divisions of the initial stem cell niche (SCN) cells, self-maintenance, and proliferative divisions of the daughter cells. This ensures sufficient cell diversity to guarantee the development of complex root tissues in the plant. Damage in the root during growth involves the formation of a new post-embryonic root, a process known as regeneration. Post-embryonic root development and organogenesis processes include primary root development and SCN maintenance, plant regeneration, and the development of adventitious and lateral roots. These developmental processes require a fine-tuned balance between cell proliferation and maintenance. An important regulator during root development and regeneration is the gasotransmitter nitric oxide (NO). In this review we have sought to compile how NO regulates cell rate proliferation, cell differentiation, and quiescence of SCNs, usually through interaction with phytohormones, or other molecular mechanisms involved in cellular redox homeostasis. NO exerts a role on molecular components of the auxin and cytokinin signaling pathways in primary roots that affects cell proliferation and maintenance of the RAM. During root regeneration, a peak of auxin and cytokinin triggers specific molecular programs. Moreover, NO participates in adventitious root formation through its interaction with players of the brassinosteroid and cytokinin signaling cascade. Lately, NO has been implicated in root regeneration under hypoxia conditions by regulating stem cell specification through phytoglobins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Sanchez-Corrionero
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Sánchez-Vicente
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Noelia Arteaga
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Isabel Manrique-Gil
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sara Gómez-Jiménez
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Isabel Torres-Quezada
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo Albertos
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Oscar Lorenzo
- Departamento de Botánica y Fisiología Vegetal, Instituto de Investigación en Agrobiotecnología (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/ Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain
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Saravanan K, Vidya N, Halka J, Priyanka Preethi R, Appunu C, Radhakrishnan R, Arun M. Exogenous application of stevioside enhances root growth promotion in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107881. [PMID: 37437344 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the impact of externally applied stevioside (a sugar-based glycoside) on soybean root growth by examining morpho-physiological characteristics, biochemical parameters, and gene expression. Soybean seedlings (10-day-old) were treated with stevioside (0, 8.0 μM, 24.5 μM, and 40.5 μM) for four times at six days' intervals by soil drenching. Treatment with 24.5 μM stevioside significantly increased root length (29.18 cm plant-1), root numbers (38.5 plant-1), root biomass (0.95 g plant-1 FW; 0.18 g plant-1 DW), shoot length (30.96 cm plant-1), and shoot biomass (2.14 g plant-1 FW; 0.36 g plant-1 DW) compared to the control. Moreover, 24.5 μM of stevioside was effective in enhancing photosynthetic pigments, leaf relative water content, and antioxidant enzymes compared to control. Conversely, plants exposed to a higher concentration of stevioside (40.5 μM), elevated total polyphenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH activity, total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, and proline content. Furthermore, gene expression of root growth development-related genes such as GmYUC2a, GmAUX2, GmPIN1A, GmABI5, GmPIF, GmSLR1, and GmLBD14 in stevioside-treated soybean plants were evaluated. Stevioside (8.0 μM) showed significant expression of GmPIN1A, whereas, 40.5 μM of stevioside enhanced GmABI5 expression. In contrast, most of the root growth development genes such as GmYUC2a, GmAUX2, GmPIF, GmSLR1, and GmLBD14, were highly expressed at 24.5 μM of stevioside treatment. Taken together, our results demonstrate the potential of stevioside in improving morpho-physiological traits, biochemical status, and the expression of root development genes in soybean. Hence, stevioside could be used as a supplement to enhance plant performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnagowdu Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nandakumar Vidya
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayachandran Halka
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Chinnaswamy Appunu
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641 007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Muthukrishnan Arun
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
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6
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Wang S, Chen H, Huang Y, Zhang X, Chen Y, Du H, Wang H, Qin F, Ding S. Ubiquitin E3 ligase AtCHYR2 functions in glucose regulation of germination and post-germinative growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:989-1002. [PMID: 36991149 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Cytoplasm-localized RING ubiquitin E3 ligase AtCHYR2 involved in plant glucose responses during germination and post-germinative growth. CHY ZINC FINGER AND RING PROTEIN (CHYR) containing both a CHY zinc finger and a C3H2C3-type RING domain plays important roles in plant drought tolerance and the abscisic acid (ABA) response; however, their functions in sugar signaling pathways are less studied. Here, we report a glucose (Glc) response gene AtCHYR2, a homolog of RZFP34/CHYR1, which is induced by various abiotic stresses, ABA, and sugar treatments. In vitro, we demonstrated that AtCHYR2 is a cytoplasm-localized RING ubiquitin E3 ligase. Overexpression of AtCHYR2 led to hypersensitivity to Glc and enhanced Glc-mediated inhibition of cotyledon greening and post-germinative growth. Contrastingly, AtCHYR2 loss-of-function plants were insensitive to Glc-regulated seed germination and primary root growth, suggesting that AtCHYR2 is a positively regulator of the plant glucose response. Additionally, physiological analyses showed that overexpression AtCHYR2 increased stomata aperture and photosynthesis under normal condition, and promoted accumulation of endogenous soluble sugar and starch in response to high Glc. Genome-wide RNA sequencing analysis showed that AtCHYR2 affects a major proportion of Glc-responsive genes. Particularly, sugar marker gene expression analysis suggested that AtCHYR2 enhances the Glc response via a signaling pathway dependent on glucose metabolism. Taken together, our findings show that a novel RING ubiquitin E3 ligase, AtCHYR2, plays an important role in glucose responses in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyong Wang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, 1 Jingmi Road, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Huili Chen
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, 1 Jingmi Road, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Yujie Huang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, 1 Jingmi Road, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, 1 Jingmi Road, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Yuhang Chen
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, 1 Jingmi Road, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Hewei Du
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, 1 Jingmi Road, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China.
| | - Feng Qin
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Shuangcheng Ding
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, 1 Jingmi Road, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
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7
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Agrawal R, Singh A, Giri J, Magyar Z, Thakur JK. MEDIATOR SUBUNIT17 is required for transcriptional optimization of root system architecture in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:1548-1568. [PMID: 36852886 PMCID: PMC10231372 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose and auxin are well-known determinants of root system architecture (RSA). However, the factors that connect the signaling pathways evoked by these two critical factors during root development are poorly understood. In this study, we report the role of MEDIATOR SUBUNIT17 (MED17) in RSA and its involvement in the transcriptional integration of sugar and auxin signaling pathways in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Sucrose regulates root meristem activation through the TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN-E2 PROMOTER BINDING FACTOR A (TOR-E2FA) pathway, and auxin regulates lateral root (LR) development through AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR-LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN (ARF-LBDs). Both sucrose and auxin play a vital role during primary and LR development. However, there is no clarity on how sucrose is involved in the ARF-dependent regulation of auxin-responsive genes. This study establishes MED17 as a nodal point to connect sucrose and auxin signaling. Transcription of MED17 was induced by sucrose in an E2FA/B-dependent manner. Moreover, E2FA/B interacted with MED17, which can aid in the recruitment of the Mediator complex on the target promoters. Interestingly, E2FA/B and MED17 also occupied the promoter of ARF7, but not ARF19, leading to ARF7 expression, which then activates auxin signaling and thus initiates LR development. MED17 also activated cell division in the root meristem by occupying the promoters of cell-cycle genes, thus regulating their transcription. Thus, MED17 plays an important role in relaying the transcriptional signal from sucrose to auxin-responsive and cell-cycle genes to regulate primary and lateral root development, highlighting the role of the Mediator as the transcriptional processor for optimal root system architecture in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Agrawal
- Plant Mediator Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Amrita Singh
- Plant Transcription Regulation, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Jitender Giri
- Plant Nutritional Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Zoltan Magyar
- Molecular Regulation of Plant Development and Adaptation, Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged 6728, Hungary
| | - Jitendra Kumar Thakur
- Plant Mediator Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
- Plant Transcription Regulation, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
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8
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He K, Zhao Z, Ren W, Chen Z, Chen L, Chen F, Mi G, Pan Q, Yuan L. Mining genes regulating root system architecture in maize based on data integration analysis. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:127. [PMID: 37188973 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A new strategy that integrated multiple public data resources was established to construct root gene co-expression network and mine genes regulating root system architecture in maize. A root gene co-expression network, containing 13,874 genes, was constructed. A total of 53 root hub genes and 16 priority root candidate genes were identified. One priority root candidate was further functionally verified using overexpression transgenic maize lines. Root system architecture (RSA) is crucial for crops productivity and stress tolerance. In maize, few RSA genes are functionally cloned, and effective discovery of RSA genes remains a great of challenge. In this work, we established a strategy to mine maize RSA genes by integrating functionally characterized root genes, root transcriptome, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) of RSA traits based on public data resources. A total of 589 maize root genes were collected by searching well-characterized root genes in maize or homologous genes of other species. We performed WGCNA to construct a maize root gene co-expression network containing 13874 genes based on public available root transcriptome data, and further discovered the 53 hub genes related to root traits. In addition, by the prediction function of obtained root gene co-expression network, a total of 1082 new root candidate genes were explored. By further overlapping the obtained new root candidate gene with the root-related GWAS of RSA candidate genes, 16 priority root candidate genes were identified. Finally, a priority root candidate gene, Zm00001d023379 (encodes pyruvate kinase 2), was validated to modulate root open angle and shoot-borne roots number using its overexpression transgenic lines. Our results develop an integration analysis method for effectively exploring regulatory genes of RSA in maize and open a new avenue to mine the candidate genes underlying complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhui He
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wei Ren
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Limei Chen
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fanjun Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guohua Mi
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qingchun Pan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lixing Yuan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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9
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Niu K, Zhu R, Wang Y, Zhao C, Ma H. 24-epibrassinolide improves cadmium tolerance and lateral root growth associated with regulating endogenous auxin and ethylene in Kentucky bluegrass. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114460. [PMID: 38321679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The application of phytohormones is a viable technique to increase the efficiency of phytoremediation in heavy metal-contaminated soils. The objective of this study was to determine how the application of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR), a brassinosteroid analog, could regulate root growth and tolerance to cadmium (Cd) stress in Kentucky bluegrass. As a result, the number of lateral root primordia and total root length in the Cd-treated seedlings decreased by 33.1 % and 56.5 %, respectively. After the application of EBR, Cd accumulation in roots and leaves, and the negative effect of Cd on root growth were reduced under Cd stress. Additionally, the expression of the brassinosteroid signaling gene PpBRI1 was significantly upregulated by exogenous EBR. Moreover, exogenous EBR upregulated the expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes and improved the activity of antioxidant enzymes, thereby reduced oxidative stress in roots. Finally, targeted hormonomics analysis highlighted the utility of the application of EBR to alleviate the effect of Cd on the reduction in auxin (IAA) content and the increase in ethylene (ACC) content. These were known to be associated with the upregulation in the expression of auxin biosynthesis gene PpYUCCA1 and downregulation in the expression of ethylene biosynthesis gene PpACO1 in the roots treated with Cd stress. Overall, the application of EBR alleviated Cd-induced oxidative stress in addition to improving root elongation and lateral root growth crosstalk with auxin and ethylene in Kentucky bluegrass subjected to Cd stress. This study further highlights the potential role of brassinosteroids in improving the efficiency of phytoremediation for Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuiju Niu
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Ruiting Zhu
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Chunxu Zhao
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huiling Ma
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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10
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Xu J, Yang C, Ji S, Ma H, Lin J, Li H, Chen S, Xu H, Zhong M. Heterologous expression of MirMAN enhances root development and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1118548. [PMID: 37123825 PMCID: PMC10145921 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1118548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction β-Mannanase is a plant cell wall remodeling enzyme involved in the breakdown of hemicellulose and plays an important role in growth by hydrolyzing the mannan-like polysaccharide, but its function in adaptation to salt stress has been less studied. Methods Based on cloned the mannanase (MAN) gene from Mirabilis jalapa L., the study was carried out by heterologously expressing the gene in Arabidopsis thaliana, and then observing the plant phenotypes and measuring relevant physiological and biochemical indicators under 150 mM salt treatment. Results and discussion The results indicate that MirMAN is a protein with a glycohydrolase-specific structural domain located in the cell wall. We first found that MirMAN reduced the susceptibility of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana to high salt stress and increased the survival rate of plants by 38%. This was corroborated by the following significant changes, including the reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, increase in antioxidant enzyme activity, accumulation of soluble sugars and increase of the expression level of RD29 in transgenic plants. We also found thatthe heterologous expression of MirMAN promoted root growth mainly by elongating the primary roots and increasing the density of lateral roots. Meanwhile, the expression of ARF7, ARF19, LBD16 and LBD29 was up-regulated in the transgenic plants, and the concentration of IAA in the roots was increased. Those results indicate that MirMAN is involved in the initiation of lateral root primordia in transgenic plants through the IAA-ARF signalling pathway. In conclusion, MirMAN improves plant salt tolerance not only by regulating ROS homeostasis, but also by promoting the development of lateral roots. Reflecting the potential of the MirMAN to promote root plastic development in adaptation to salt stress adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Caiyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shangyao Ji
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingwei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuisen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hai Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Zhong, ; Hai Xu,
| | - Ming Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Liaoning Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Zhong, ; Hai Xu,
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11
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Bhagat PK, Sharma D, Verma D, Singh K, Sinha AK. Arabidopsis MPK3 and MPK6 regulates D-glucose signaling and interacts with G-protein, RGS1. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 325:111484. [PMID: 36195119 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sugar as a signaling molecule has attracted lots of attention. Even though several kinases have been shown to play a crucial role in the sugar signaling and response to exogenous D-glucose (Glc), the information on the involvement of MAP kinase cascade in sugar signaling has remain largely unexplored. In this report we demonstrate that MAP kinase signaling is essential for sensitivity to higher concentrations of D-Glc in Arabidopsis. We found that D-Glc activates MAP kinases, MPK3 and MPK6 in a concentration and time-dependent manner. The mutants of mpk3 and mpk6 display hyposensitivity to 6% D-Glc during seed germination, cotyledon greening and root growth. Interestingly, the altered sensitivity to increased D-Glc is severely enhanced by addition of 1% Sucrose in the media. Our study also deciphered the role of one of the Glc sensor proteins, RGS1 that interacts and gets phosphorylated at its C-terminal domain by MPK3 and MPK6. Overall our study provides a new insight on the involvement of MAP kinases in association with G-proteins that might regulate sugar signaling and sugar responsive growth and development in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepika Sharma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Deepanjali Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Kirti Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Alok Krishna Sinha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, Delhi 110067, India.
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12
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Xin P, Schier J, Šefrnová Y, Kulich I, Dubrovsky JG, Vielle-Calzada JP, Soukup A. The Arabidopsis TETRATRICOPEPTIDE-REPEAT THIOREDOXIN-LIKE (TTL) family members are involved in root system formation via their interaction with cytoskeleton and cell wall remodeling. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:946-965. [PMID: 36270031 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lateral roots (LR) are essential components of the plant edaphic interface; contributing to water and nutrient uptake, biotic and abiotic interactions, stress survival, and plant anchorage. We have identified the TETRATRICOPEPTIDE-REPEAT THIOREDOXIN-LIKE 3 (TTL3) gene as being related to LR emergence and later development. Loss of function of TTL3 leads to a reduced number of emerged LR due to delayed development of lateral root primordia (LRP). This trait is further enhanced in the triple mutant ttl1ttl3ttl4. TTL3 interacts with microtubules and endomembranes, and is known to participate in the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway. Both ttl3 and ttl1ttl3ttl4 mutants are less sensitive to BR treatment in terms of LR formation and primary root growth. The ability of TTL3 to modulate biophysical properties of the cell wall was established under restrictive conditions of hyperosmotic stress and loss of root growth recovery, which was enhanced in ttl1ttl3ttl4. Timing and spatial distribution of TTL3 expression is consistent with its role in development of LRP before their emergence and subsequent growth of LR. TTL3 emerged as a component of the root system morphogenesis regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xin
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 5, 128 44, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Schier
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 5, 128 44, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Yvetta Šefrnová
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 5, 128 44, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Kulich
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 5, 128 44, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Joseph G Dubrovsky
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad, 2001, Cuernavaca, 62250, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jean-Philippe Vielle-Calzada
- Group of Reproductive Development and Apomixis, UGA Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, CINVESTAV Irapuato, Guanajuato, 36821, Mexico
| | - Aleš Soukup
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Vinicna 5, 128 44, Prague 2, Czech Republic
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13
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Li M, Li P, Wang C, Xu H, Wang M, Wang Y, Niu X, Xu M, Wang H, Qin Y, Tang W, Bai M, Wang W, Wu S. Brassinosteroid signaling restricts root lignification by antagonizing SHORT-ROOT function in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1182-1198. [PMID: 35809074 PMCID: PMC9516771 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall lignification is a key step in forming functional endodermis and protoxylem (PX) in plant roots. Lignified casparian strips (CS) in endodermis and tracheary elements of PX are essential for selective absorption and transport of water and nutrients. Although multiple key regulators of CS and PX have been identified, the spatial information that drives the developmental shift to root lignification remains unknown. Here, we found that brassinosteroid (BR) signaling plays a key role in inhibiting root lignification in the root elongation zone. The inhibitory activity of BR signaling occurs partially through the direct binding of BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 1 (BZR1) to SHORT-ROOT (SHR), repressing the SHR-mediated activation of downstream genes that are involved in root lignification. Upon entering the mature root zone, BR signaling declines rapidly, which releases SHR activity and initiates root lignification. Our results provide a mechanistic view of the developmental transition to cell wall lignification in Arabidopsis thaliana roots.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Huimin Xu
- College of Life Science & College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mengxue Wang
- College of Life Science & College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- College of Life Science & College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xufang Niu
- College of Life Science & College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mengyuan Xu
- College of Life Science & College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Life Science & College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yaxin Qin
- College of Life Science & College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenqiang Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mingyi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenfei Wang
- College of Life Science & College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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14
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Chai S, Chen J, Yue X, Li C, Zhang Q, de Dios VR, Yao Y, Tan W. Interaction of BES1 and LBD37 transcription factors modulates brassinosteroid-regulated root forging response under low nitrogen in arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:998961. [PMID: 36247555 PMCID: PMC9555238 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.998961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteriod (BR) plays important roles in regulation of plant growth, development and environmental responses. BR signaling regulates multiple biological processes through controlling the activity of BES1/BZR1 regulators. Apart from the roles in the promotion of plant growth, BR is also involved in regulation of the root foraging response under low nitrogen, however how BR signaling regulate this process remains unclear. Here we show that BES1 and LBD37 antagonistically regulate root foraging response under low nitrogen conditions. Both the transcriptional level and dephosphorylated level of BES1, is significant induced by low nitrogen, predominantly in root. Phenotypic analysis showed that BES1 gain-of-function mutant or BES1 overexpression transgenic plants exhibits progressive outgrowth of lateral root in response to low nitrogen and BES1 negatively regulates repressors of nitrate signaling pathway and positively regulates several key genes required for NO3 - uptake and signaling. In contrast, BES1 knock-down mutant BES1-RNAi exhibited a dramatical reduction of lateral root elongation in response to low N. Furthermore, we identified a BES1 interacting protein, LBD37, which is a negative repressor of N availability signals. Our results showed that BES1 can inhibit LBD37 transcriptional repression on N-responsive genes. Our results thus demonstrated that BES1-LBD37 module acts critical nodes to integrate BR signaling and nitrogen signaling to modulate the root forging response at LN condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Chai
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Junhua Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Xiaolan Yue
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Chenlin Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Víctor Resco de Dios
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences & Agrotecnio Center, Universitat de Lleida, Leida, Spain
| | - Yinan Yao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Wenrong Tan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
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15
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Li J, Liu C, Yu Q, Cao Z, Yang Y, Jia B, Su Y, Li G, Qin G. Identification of sugar transporter (SWEET) genes involved in pomegranate seed coat sugar accumulation. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:181. [PMID: 35875178 PMCID: PMC9296756 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03248-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugar content of the outer seed coat and hardness of the inner seed coat are important traits of the pomegranate fruit. The translocation of sugars across biological membranes, mediated by SWEET transporters, is critical to seed development. In this study, we identified 16 PgrSWEET genes distributed on six chromosomes in the pomegranate genome. According to the phylogenetic analysis, PgrSWEET proteins were divided into four groups. Tandem and segmental duplications contributed to the expansion of the PgrSWEET family, while functional redundancy and diversification may have occurred among SWEET members according to analyses of evolution and gene expression. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses revealed that PgrSWEET1a and PgrSWEET9 were highly expressed in the inner seed coat, and the expression levels gradually increased during seed development. Moreover, the relative expression levels of PgrSWEET1a and PgrSWEET9 in a hard-seeded cultivar were higher than those in a soft-seeded cultivar, indicating that PgrSWEET1a and PgrSWEET9 might function in the inner seed coat development by accumulating sugar metabolites. We also found that PgrSWEET2 was highly expressed in the outer seed coat during seed development, and the protein was localized to the tonoplast, indicating that PgrSWEET2 is likely a candidate regulating sugar accumulation or reutilization in the vacuoles of the outer seed coat. Genes encoding transcription factors probably regulating the candidate PgrSWEET genes were chosen by co-expression analysis. These results not only helped to characterize PgrSWEET genes but also provided an insight into their functions in relation to seed coat development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03248-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Qing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Zhen Cao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Botao Jia
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Ying Su
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Guixiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
| | - Gaihua Qin
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province, Institute of Horticulture Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Quality and Developmental Biology, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031 China
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16
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Han M, Xu X, Xiong Y, Wei H, Yao K, Huang T, Long Y, Su T. Genome-Wide Survey and Expression Analyses of Hexokinase Family in Poplar (Populus trichocarpa). PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11152025. [PMID: 35956502 PMCID: PMC9370503 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hexokinase (HXK) family proteins exert critical roles in catalyzing hexose phosphorylation, sugar sensing, and modulation of plant growth and stress adaptation. Nevertheless, a large amount remains unknown about the molecular profile of HXK enzymes in Populus trichocarpa, a woody model tree species. A genome-wide survey of HXK-encoding genes, including phylogenies, genomic structures, exon/intron organization, chromosomal distribution, and conserved features, was conducted, identifying six putative HXK isogenes (PtHXK1-6) in the Populus genome. The evolutionary tree demonstrated that 135 homologous HXKs between 17 plant species were categorized into four major subfamilies (type A, B, C, and D), clustering one plastidic (PtHXK3) and five mitochondrial PtHXKs grouped into type A and B, respectively. The in silico deduction prompted the presence of the conserved sugar-binding core (motif 4), phosphorylation sites (motif 2 and 3), and adenosine-binding domains (motif 7). The transcriptomic sequencing (RNA-seq) and the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays revealed that three isogenes (PtHXK2, 3, and 6) were abundantly expressed in leaves, stems, and roots, while others appeared to be dominantly expressed in the reproductive tissues. Under the stress exposure, PtHXK2 and 6 displayed a significant induction upon the pathogenic fungi (Fusarium solani) infection and marked promotions by glucose feeding in roots. In contrast, the PtHXK3 and 6 are ABA-responsive genes, following a dose-dependent manner. The comprehensive analyses of the genomic patterns and expression profiling provide theoretical clues and lay a foundation for unraveling the physiological and signaling roles underlying the fine-tuned PtHXKs responding to diverse stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Han
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (M.H.); (X.X.); (Y.X.); (H.W.); (K.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xianglei Xu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (M.H.); (X.X.); (Y.X.); (H.W.); (K.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (M.H.); (X.X.); (Y.X.); (H.W.); (K.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haikun Wei
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (M.H.); (X.X.); (Y.X.); (H.W.); (K.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Kejun Yao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (M.H.); (X.X.); (Y.X.); (H.W.); (K.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Tingting Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (M.H.); (X.X.); (Y.X.); (H.W.); (K.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yingle Long
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (M.H.); (X.X.); (Y.X.); (H.W.); (K.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Tao Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (M.H.); (X.X.); (Y.X.); (H.W.); (K.Y.); (T.H.); (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-1589-598-3381
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Sharma M, Sharma M, Jamsheer K M, Laxmi A. Jasmonic acid coordinates with light, glucose and auxin signalling in regulating branching angle of Arabidopsis lateral roots. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:1554-1572. [PMID: 35147228 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The role of jasmonates (JAs) in primary root growth and development and in plant response to external stimuli is already known. However, its role in lateral root (LR) development remains to be explored. Our work identified methyl jasmonate (MeJA) as a key phytohormone in determining the branching angle of Arabidopsis LRs. MeJA inclines the LRs to a more vertical orientation, which was dependent on the canonical JAR1-COI1-MYC2,3,4 signalling. Our work also highlights the dual roles of light in governing LR angle. Light signalling enhances JA biosynthesis, leading to erect root architecture; whereas, glucose (Glc) induces wider branching angles. Combining physiological and molecular assays, we revealed that Glc antagonises the MeJA response via TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR) signalling. Moreover, physiological assays using auxin mutants, MYC2-mediated transcriptional activation of LAZY2, LAZY4 and auxin biosynthetic gene CYP79B2, and asymmetric distribution of DR5::GFP and PIN2::GFP pinpointed the role of an intact auxin machinery required by MeJA for vertical growth of LRs. We also demonstrated that light perception and signalling are indispensable for inducing vertical angles by MeJA. Thus, our investigation highlights antagonism between light and Glc signalling and how they interact with JA-auxin signals to optimise the branching angle of LRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manvi Sharma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohan Sharma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ashverya Laxmi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
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18
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Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase 1 Is Essential for Primary-Root Growth at Low-Sucrose Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094540. [PMID: 35562931 PMCID: PMC9100158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant roots are essential organs for absorbing nutrients from the soil or medium. Sucrose functions as a vital carbon source in root development, and sucrose starvation interferes with the redox state of plant cells. However, the mechanism of root growth at sucrose starvation remains unclear. Here, we report that SHMT1 (serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1) plays a crucial role in primary-root growth. SHMT1 mutation caused decreased sugar levels, excessive H2O2 accumulation, and severe root-growth arrest at sucrose-free conditions, whereas plants with SHMT1 overexpression had increased sugar and decreased H2O2 levels, and longer primary roots. Sucrose supply fully restored root growth of shm1-2, but CO2 alone could not, and SHMT1 is much more stable in roots than shoots at sucrose conditions, suggesting that SHMT1 accumulation in roots is critical for sucrose accumulation and root growth. Further ROS scavenging by GSH application or ROS synthesis inhibition by apocynin application or RBOHD mutation reduced H2O2 levels and partially restored the root-growth arrest phenotype of shm1-2 at low-sucrose conditions, suggesting that SHMT1 modulates root growth via sucrose-mediated ROS accumulation. Our findings demonstrated the role of SHMT1 in primary-root growth by regulating sucrose accumulation and ROS homeostasis in roots.
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Wang Y, Liu T, Ma C, Li G, Wang X, Wang J, Chang J, Guan C, Yao H, Dong X. Carbohydrate regulation response to cold during rhizome bud dormancy release in Polygonatum kingianum. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:163. [PMID: 35365083 PMCID: PMC8973533 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03558-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rhizome of Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl (P. kingianum) is a crucial traditional Chinese medicine, but severe bud dormancy occurs during early rhizome development. Low temperature is a positive factor affecting dormancy release, whereas the variation in carbohydrates during dormancy release has not been investigated systematically. Therefore, the sugar content, related metabolic pathways and gene co-expression were analysed to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of carbohydrates during dormancy release in the P. kingianum rhizome bud. RESULTS During dormancy transition, starch and sucrose (Suc) exhibited opposing trends in the P. kingianum rhizome bud, representing a critical indicator of dormancy release. Galactose (Gal) and raffinose (Raf) were increased in content and synthesis. Glucose (Glc), cellulose (Cel), mannose (Man), arabinose (Ara), rhamnose (Rha) and stachyose (Sta) showed various changes, indicating their different roles in breaking rhizome bud dormancy in P. kingianum. At the beginning of dormancy release, Glc metabolism may be dominated by anaerobic oxidation (glycolysis followed by ethanol fermentation). After entering the S3 stage, the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) were may be more active possibly. In the gene co-expression network comprising carbohydrates and hormones, HYD1 was identified as a hub gene, and numerous interactions centred on STS/SUS were also observed, suggesting the essential role of brassinosteroids (BRs), Raf and Suc in the regulatory network. CONCLUSION We revealed cold-responsive genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting regulatory mechanisms of sugar during dormancy release in the P. kingianum rhizome bud. Additionally, gene co-expression analysis revealed possible interactions between sugar and hormone signalling, providing new insight into the dormancy release mechanism in P. kingianum rhizome buds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of East China Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of East China Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Changjian Ma
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Tai'an Academy of Agricultural Science, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- Shan Dong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianghui Wang
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of East China Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jin Chang
- Tai'an Academy of Forestry Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Cong Guan
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of East China Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huimin Yao
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Xuehui Dong
- China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Laloum D, Magen S, Soroka Y, Avin-Wittenberg T. Exploring the Contribution of Autophagy to the Excess-Sucrose Response in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073891. [PMID: 35409249 PMCID: PMC8999498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential intracellular eukaryotic recycling mechanism, functioning in, among others, carbon starvation. Surprisingly, although autophagy-deficient plants (atg mutants) are hypersensitive to carbon starvation, metabolic analysis revealed that they accumulate sugars under such conditions. In plants, sugars serve as both an energy source and as signaling molecules, affecting many developmental processes, including root and shoot formation. We thus set out to understand the interplay between autophagy and sucrose excess, comparing wild-type and atg mutant seedlings. The presented work showed that autophagy contributes to primary root elongation arrest under conditions of exogenous sucrose and glucose excess but not during fructose or mannitol treatment. Minor or no alterations in starch and primary metabolites were observed between atg mutants and wild-type plants, indicating that the sucrose response relates to its signaling and not its metabolic role. Extensive proteomic analysis of roots performed to further understand the mechanism found an accumulation of proteins essential for ROS reduction and auxin maintenance, which are necessary for root elongation, in atg plants under sucrose excess. The analysis also suggested mitochondrial and peroxisomal involvement in the autophagy-mediated sucrose response. This research increases our knowledge of the complex interplay between autophagy and sugar signaling in plants.
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21
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Li X, Liu W, Ren Z, Wang X, Liu J, Yang Z, Zhao J, Pei X, Liu Y, He K, Zhang F, Zhang Z, Yang D, Ma X, Li W. Glucose regulates cotton fiber elongation by interacting with brassinosteroid. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:711-726. [PMID: 34636403 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In plants, glucose (Glc) plays important roles, as a nutrient and signal molecule, in the regulation of growth and development. However, the function of Glc in fiber development of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is unclear. Here, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we found that the Glc content in fibers was higher than that in ovules during the fiber elongation stage. In vitro ovule culture revealed that lower Glc concentrations promoted cotton fiber elongation, while higher concentrations had inhibitory effects. The hexokinase inhibitor N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) inhibited cotton fiber elongation in the cultured ovules, indicating that Glc-mediated fiber elongation depends on the Glc signal transduced by hexokinase. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis and hormone content detection showed that 150mM Glc significantly activated brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis, and the expression of signaling-related genes was also increased, which promoted fiber elongation. In vitro ovule culture clarified that BR induced cotton fiber elongation in a dose-dependent manner. In hormone recovery experiments, only BR compensated for the inhibitory effects of NAG on fiber elongation in a Glc-containing medium. However, the ovules cultured with the BR biosynthetic inhibitor brassinazole and from the BR-deficient cotton mutant pag1 had greatly reduced fiber elongation at all the Glc concentrations tested. This demonstrates that Glc does not compensate for the inhibition of fiber elongation caused by BR biosynthetic defects, suggesting that the BR signaling pathway works downstream of Glc during cotton fiber elongation. Altogether, our study showed that Glc plays an important role in cotton fibre elongation, and crosstalk occurs between Glc and BR signaling during modulation of fiber elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhongying Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xingxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Ji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Zuoren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yangai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Kunlun He
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Daigang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiongfeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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22
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Li H, Chen H, Chen L, Wang C. The Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Plant Roots during Development and in Response to Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031024. [PMID: 35162947 PMCID: PMC8835357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is regarded as a “New Warrior” for managing plant stress. It also plays an important role in plant growth and development. The regulation of root system architecture (RSA) by H2S has been widely recognized. Plants are dependent on the RSA to meet their water and nutritional requirements. They are also partially dependent on the RSA for adapting to environment change. Therefore, a good understanding of how H2S affects the RSA could lead to improvements in both crop function and resistance to environmental change. In this review, we summarized the regulating effects of H2S on the RSA in terms of primary root growth, lateral and adventitious root formation, root hair development, and the formation of nodules. We also discussed the genes involved in the regulation of the RSA by H2S, and the relationships with other signal pathways. In addition, we discussed how H2S regulates root growth in response to abiotic stress. This review could provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of H2S in roots during development and under abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (H.C.); (L.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Hongyu Chen
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (H.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Lulu Chen
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (H.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Chenyang Wang
- College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University,
Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (C.W.)
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23
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Mishra BS, Sharma M, Laxmi A. Role of sugar and auxin crosstalk in plant growth and development. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13546. [PMID: 34480799 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Under the natural environment, nutrient signals interact with phytohormones to coordinate and reprogram plant growth and survival. Sugars are important molecules that control almost all morphological and physiological processes in plants, ranging from seed germination to senescence. In addition to their functions as energy resources, osmoregulation, storage molecules, and structural components, sugars function as signaling molecules and interact with various plant signaling pathways, such as hormones, stress, and light to modulate growth and development according to fluctuating environmental conditions. Auxin, being an important phytohormone, is associated with almost all stages of the plant's life cycle and also plays a vital role in response to the dynamic environment for better growth and survival. In the previous years, substantial progress has been made that showed a range of common responses mediated by sugars and auxin signaling. This review discusses how sugar signaling affects auxin at various levels from its biosynthesis to perception and downstream gene activation. On the same note, the review also highlights the role of auxin signaling in fine-tuning sugar metabolism and carbon partitioning. Furthermore, we discussed the crosstalk between the two signaling machineries in the regulation of various biological processes, such as gene expression, cell cycle, development, root system architecture, and shoot growth. In conclusion, the review emphasized the role of sugar and auxin crosstalk in the regulation of several agriculturally important traits. Thus, engineering of sugar and auxin signaling pathways could potentially provide new avenues to manipulate for agricultural purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuwaneshwar Sharan Mishra
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
- Bhuwaneshwar Sharan Mishra, Ram Gulam Rai P. G. College Banktashiv, Affiliated to Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur, Deoria, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohan Sharma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashverya Laxmi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
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24
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Tian Y, Zhao N, Wang M, Zhou W, Guo J, Han C, Zhou C, Wang W, Wu S, Tang W, Fan M, Bai MY. Integrated regulation of periclinal cell division by transcriptional module of BZR1-SHR in Arabidopsis roots. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:795-808. [PMID: 34693527 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The timing and extent of cell division are crucial for the correct patterning of multicellular organism. In Arabidopsis, root ground tissue maturation involves the periclinal cell division of the endodermis to generate two cell layers: endodermis and middle cortex. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this pattern formation remains unclear. Here, we report that phytohormone brassinosteroid (BR) and redox signal hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) interdependently promote periclinal division during root ground tissue maturation by regulating the activity of SHORT-ROOT (SHR), a master regulator of root growth and development. BR-activated transcription factor BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1 (BZR1) directly binds to the promoter of SHR to induce its expression, and physically interacts with SHR to increase the transcripts of RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOGs (RBOHs) and elevate the levels of H2 O2 , which feedback enhances the interaction between BZR1 and SHR. Additionally, genetic analysis shows that SHR is required for BZR1-promoted periclinal division, and BZR1 enhances the promoting effects of SHR on periclinal division. Together, our finding reveals that the transcriptional module of BZR1-SHR fine-tunes periclinal division during root ground tissue maturation in response to hormone and redox signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchen Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Na Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Minmin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wenying Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Jieqiong Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Chao Han
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Chuanen Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wenfei Wang
- College of Horticulture, College of Life Sciences, Hai xia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- College of Horticulture, College of Life Sciences, Hai xia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wenqiang Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Min Fan
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Ming-Yi Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
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25
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Yu JQ, Li XM, Wang WY, Gu KD, Sun CH, You CX, Hu DG. Glucose sensor MdHXK1 activates an immune response to the fungal pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea in apple. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13596. [PMID: 34761393 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sugars are essential regulatory molecules involved in plant growth and development and defense response. Although the relationship between sugars and disease resistance has been widely discussed, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unexplored. Ring rot caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea (B. dothidea), which severely affects fruit quality and yield, is a destructive disease of apples (Malus domestica Borkh.). The present study found that the degree of disease resistance in apple fruit was closely related to glucose content. Therefore, the gene encoding a hexokinase, MdHXK1, was isolated from the apple cultivar 'Gala', and characterized during the defense response. Overexpression of MdHXK1 enhanced disease resistance in apple calli, leaves and fruits by increasing the expression levels of genes related to salicylate (SA) synthesis (PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT 4, PAD4; PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE, PAL; and ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1, EDS1) and signaling (PR1; PR5; and NONEXPRESSER OF PR GENES 1, NPR1) as well as increasing the superoxide (O2- ) production rate and the hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) content. Overall, the study provides new insights into the MdHXK1-mediated molecular mechanisms by which glucose signaling regulates apple ring rot resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiang Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Xiu-Ming Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Yan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Kai-Di Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Cui-Hui Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Da-Gang Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
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Fàbregas N, Fernie AR. The interface of central metabolism with hormone signaling in plants. Curr Biol 2021; 31:R1535-R1548. [PMID: 34875246 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Amongst the myriad of metabolites produced by plants, primary metabolites and hormones play crucial housekeeping roles in the cell and are essential for proper plant growth and development. While the biosynthetic pathways of primary metabolism are well characterized, those of hormones are yet to be completely defined. Central metabolism provides precursors for hormone biosynthesis and the regulation and function of primary metabolites and hormones are tightly entwined. The combination of reverse genetics and technological advances in our ability to evaluate the levels of the molecular entities of the cell (transcripts, proteins and metabolites) has led to considerable improvements in our understanding of both the regulatory interaction between primary metabolites and hormones and its coordination in response to different conditions. Here, we provide an overview of the interaction of primary and hormone metabolism at the metabolic and signaling levels, as well as a perspective regarding the tools that can be used to tackle our current knowledge gaps at the signaling level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Fàbregas
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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Mazzoni-Putman SM, Brumos J, Zhao C, Alonso JM, Stepanova AN. Auxin Interactions with Other Hormones in Plant Development. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2021; 13:a039990. [PMID: 33903155 PMCID: PMC8485746 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a039990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Auxin is a crucial growth regulator that governs plant development and responses to environmental perturbations. It functions at the heart of many developmental processes, from embryogenesis to organ senescence, and is key to plant interactions with the environment, including responses to biotic and abiotic stimuli. As remarkable as auxin is, it does not act alone, but rather solicits the help of, or is solicited by, other endogenous signals, including the plant hormones abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellic acid, jasmonates, salicylic acid, and strigolactones. The interactions between auxin and other hormones occur at multiple levels: hormones regulate one another's synthesis, transport, and/or response; hormone-specific transcriptional regulators for different pathways physically interact and/or converge on common target genes; etc. However, our understanding of this crosstalk is still fragmentary, with only a few pieces of the gigantic puzzle firmly established. In this review, we provide a glimpse into the complexity of hormone interactions that involve auxin, underscoring how patchy our current understanding is.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serina M Mazzoni-Putman
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Javier Brumos
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Chengsong Zhao
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Jose M Alonso
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Anna N Stepanova
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
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Zheng S, Ye C, Lu J, Liufu J, Lin L, Dong Z, Li J, Zhuang C. Improving the Rice Photosynthetic Efficiency and Yield by Editing OsHXK1 via CRISPR/Cas9 System. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179554. [PMID: 34502462 PMCID: PMC8430575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important food crop species in China. Cultivating high-yielding rice varieties that have a high photosynthetic efficiency is an important goal of rice breeding in China. In recent years, due to the continual innovation of molecular breeding methods, many excellent genes have been applied in rice breeding, which is highly important for increasing rice yields. In this paper, the hexokinase gene OsHXK1 was knocked out via the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing method in the indica rice varieties Huanghuazhan, Meixiangzhan, and Wushansimiao, and OsHXK1-CRISPR/Cas9 lines were obtained. According to the results of a phenotypic analysis and agronomic trait statistics, the OsHXK1-CRISPR/Cas9 plants presented increased light saturation points, stomatal conductance, light tolerance, photosynthetic products, and rice yields. Moreover, transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of photosynthesis-related genes significantly increased. Taken together, our results revealed that knocking out OsHXK1 via the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing method could effectively lead to the cultivation of high-photosynthetic efficiency and high-yielding rice varieties. They also revealed the important roles of OsHXK1 in the regulation of rice yield and photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (J.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chanjuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (J.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jingqin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (J.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiamin Liufu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (J.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (J.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zequn Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (J.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (J.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chuxiong Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (S.Z.); (C.Y.); (J.L.); (J.L.); (L.L.); (Z.D.); (J.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence:
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Sharma M, Singh D, Saksena HB, Sharma M, Tiwari A, Awasthi P, Botta HK, Shukla BN, Laxmi A. Understanding the Intricate Web of Phytohormone Signalling in Modulating Root System Architecture. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115508. [PMID: 34073675 PMCID: PMC8197090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Root system architecture (RSA) is an important developmental and agronomic trait that is regulated by various physical factors such as nutrients, water, microbes, gravity, and soil compaction as well as hormone-mediated pathways. Phytohormones act as internal mediators between soil and RSA to influence various events of root development, starting from organogenesis to the formation of higher order lateral roots (LRs) through diverse mechanisms. Apart from interaction with the external cues, root development also relies on the complex web of interaction among phytohormones to exhibit synergistic or antagonistic effects to improve crop performance. However, there are considerable gaps in understanding the interaction of these hormonal networks during various aspects of root development. In this review, we elucidate the role of different hormones to modulate a common phenotypic output, such as RSA in Arabidopsis and crop plants, and discuss future perspectives to channel vast information on root development to modulate RSA components.
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Zhang Z, Sun Y, Jiang X, Wang W, Wang ZY. Sugar inhibits brassinosteroid signaling by enhancing BIN2 phosphorylation of BZR1. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009540. [PMID: 33989283 PMCID: PMC8153450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugar, light, and hormones are major signals regulating plant growth and development, however, the interactions among these signals are not fully understood at the molecular level. Recent studies showed that sugar promotes hypocotyl elongation by activating the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway after shifting Arabidopsis seedlings from light to extended darkness. Here, we show that sugar inhibits BR signaling in Arabidopsis seedlings grown under light. BR induction of hypocotyl elongation in seedlings grown under light is inhibited by increasing concentration of sucrose. The sugar inhibition of BR response is correlated with decreased effect of BR on the dephosphorylation of BZR1, the master transcription factor of the BR signaling pathway. This sugar effect is independent of the sugar sensors Hexokinase 1 (HXK1) and Target of Rapamycin (TOR), but requires the GSK3-like kinase Brassinosteroid-Insensitive 2 (BIN2), which is stabilized by sugar. Our study uncovers an inhibitory effect of sugar on BR signaling in plants grown under light, in contrast to its promotive effect in the dark. Such light-dependent sugar-BR crosstalk apparently contributes to optimal growth responses to photosynthate availability according to light-dark conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Ying Sun
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenfei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
- * E-mail: (WW); (ZW)
| | - Zhi-Yong Wang
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WW); (ZW)
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31
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Sami F, Siddiqui H, Alam P, Hayat S. Glucose-induced response on photosynthetic efficiency, ROS homeostasis, and antioxidative defense system in maintaining carbohydrate and ion metabolism in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under salt-mediated oxidative stress. PROTOPLASMA 2021; 258:601-620. [PMID: 33392740 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-020-01600-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In plants, glucose (Glc) acts as a crucial signaling molecule in mediating metabolism, growth, stress tolerance mechanism, etc. However, little is known about Glc supplementation in salinity tolerance. This experiment was designed to study the ameliorative effect of Glc in mustard under salt stress. The seeds were soaked in three concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, or 100 mM) for 8 h and then treated with four concentrations of Glc (0, 2, 4, or 8%) as foliar spray for 5 days at 25-day stage. The plants were harvested at three growth stages (30, 45, and 60) for examining morpho-physiological and proteomic studies. Glc application as foliar spray increases growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidative enzyme activities in NaCl-treated plants. Glc applied in plants also showed reduction in superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde content under salt stress. Amongst all doses of Glc, spray of 4% Glc proved best in alleviating the harmful effects of salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareen Sami
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Husna Siddiqui
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shamsul Hayat
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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Hao N, Zou X, Lin X, Cai R, Xiao W, Tong T, Yin H, Sun A, Guo X. LecRK-Ⅷ.2 mediates the cross-talk between sugar and brassinosteroid during hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis. REPRODUCTION AND BREEDING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Betti C, Della Rovere F, Piacentini D, Fattorini L, Falasca G, Altamura MM. Jasmonates, Ethylene and Brassinosteroids Control Adventitious and Lateral Rooting as Stress Avoidance Responses to Heavy Metals and Metalloids. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010077. [PMID: 33435585 PMCID: PMC7827588 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental and environmental signaling networks often converge during plant growth in response to changing conditions. Stress-induced hormones, such as jasmonates (JAs), can influence growth by crosstalk with other signals like brassinosteroids (BRs) and ethylene (ET). Nevertheless, it is unclear how avoidance of an abiotic stress triggers local changes in development as a response. It is known that stress hormones like JAs/ET and BRs can regulate the division rate of cells from the first asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs) in meristems, suggesting that stem cell activation may take part in developmental changes as a stress-avoidance-induced response. The root system is a prime responder to stress conditions in soil. Together with the primary root and lateral roots (LRs), adventitious roots (ARs) are necessary for survival in numerous plant species. AR and LR formation is affected by soil pollution, causing substantial root architecture changes by either depressing or enhancing rooting as a stress avoidance/survival response. Here, a detailed overview of the crosstalk between JAs, ET, BRs, and the stress mediator nitric oxide (NO) in auxin-induced AR and LR formation, with/without cadmium and arsenic, is presented. Interactions essential in achieving a balance between growth and adaptation to Cd and As soil pollution to ensure survival are reviewed here in the model species Arabidopsis and rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Betti
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Menghini 8/9, 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-5782402
| | - Federica Della Rovere
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Diego Piacentini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Laura Fattorini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Giuseppina Falasca
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Maria Maddalena Altamura
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
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Sharma M, Jamsheer K. M, Shukla BN, Sharma M, Awasthi P, Mahtha SK, Yadav G, Laxmi A. Arabidopsis Target of Rapamycin Coordinates With Transcriptional and Epigenetic Machinery to Regulate Thermotolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:741965. [PMID: 34777423 PMCID: PMC8581614 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.741965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Global warming exhibits profound effects on plant fitness and productivity. To withstand stress, plants sacrifice their growth and activate protective stress responses for ensuring survival. However, the switch between growth and stress is largely elusive. In the past decade, the role of the target of rapamycin (TOR) linking energy and stress signalling is emerging. Here, we have identified an important role of Glucose (Glc)-TOR signalling in plant adaptation to heat stress (HS). Glc via TOR governs the transcriptome reprogramming of a large number of genes involved in heat stress protection. Downstream to Glc-TOR, the E2Fa signalling module regulates the transcription of heat shock factors through direct recruitment of E2Fa onto their promoter regions. Also, Glc epigenetically regulates the transcription of core HS signalling genes in a TOR-dependent manner. TOR acts in concert with p300/CREB HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASE1 (HAC1) and dictates the epigenetic landscape of HS loci to regulate thermotolerance. Arabidopsis plants defective in TOR and HAC1 exhibited reduced thermotolerance with a decrease in the expression of core HS signalling genes. Together, our findings reveal a mechanistic framework in which Glc-TOR signalling through different modules integrates stress and energy signalling to regulate thermotolerance.
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Zheng T, Dong T, Haider MS, Jin H, Jia H, Fang J. Brassinosteroid Regulates 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA Reductase to Promote Grape Fruit Development. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11987-11996. [PMID: 33059448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are known to regulate plant growth and development. However, only little is known about their mechanism in the regulation of berry development in grapes. This study demonstrates that BR treatment enhances the accumulation of fruit sugar components, reduces the content of organic acids (e.g., tartaric acid), promotes coloration, and increases the anthocyanin content in grape berries at the onset of the veraison, half veraison, and full veraison stages at the rate of 0.0998, 0.0560, and 0.0281 mg·g-1, respectively. In addition, BR treatment was also found to accelerate the biosynthesis of terpenoid aroma components, such as α-pinene, d-limonene, and γ-terpinene, which influence the aromatic composition of grapes. BRs can negatively regulate the expression of VvHMGR, a key gene involved in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway, and reduce the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR). Inhibiting the expression of HMGR promoted the accumulation of anthocyanins and fruit coloration. Meanwhile, after the inhibition, the contents of auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), and brassinosteroid (BR) increased, while gibberellin (GA3) and zeatin riboside (ZR) decreased, and its aromatic composition also changed. Therefore, it may be concluded that BRs inhibited HMGR activity and cooperated with VvHMGR to regulate the formation of color, aroma, and other quality characteristics in fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tianyu Dong
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Muhammad S Haider
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huanchun Jin
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haifeng Jia
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- China Wine Industry Technology Institute, Yinchuan 750000, China
| | - Jinggui Fang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- China Wine Industry Technology Institute, Yinchuan 750000, China
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Novel Regulators of Sugar-Mediated Lateral Root Development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111257. [PMID: 33113878 PMCID: PMC7716218 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lateral root development is a complex process regulated by numerous factors. An important role for sugar in lateral root development has been known for a while, but the underlying molecular basis still remains unclear. In this study, we first showed that WOX7, a sugar-inducible negative regulator of lateral root development, acts downstream of the glucose sensor HXK1. Using a transgenic line homozygous for a transgene expressing GFP under the control of the WOX7 promoter, we next performed a genetic screen to identify additional genes in this development pathway. A number of mutants with altered level of WOX7 expression were recovered, and two with increased WOX7 expression, named ewe-1 and ewe-2 (for Enhanced WOX7 Expression), were further characterized. Both mutants manifest delayed lateral root development, and genetic analysis indicates that single recessive mutations are responsible for the observed phenotypes. The mutations were then located to similar regions on chromosome 2 by marker-assisted analyses, and candidate genes were identified through whole genome sequencing. The significance and limitations of this work are discussed.
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Wang J, Sun W, Kong X, Zhao C, Li J, Chen Y, Gao Z, Zuo K. The peptidyl-prolyl isomerases FKBP15-1 and FKBP15-2 negatively affect lateral root development by repressing the vacuolar invertase VIN2 in Arabidopsis. PLANTA 2020; 252:52. [PMID: 32945964 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The peptidyl-prolyl isomerases FKBP15-1 and FKBP15-2 negatively modulate lateral root development by repressing vacuolar invertase VIN2 activity. Lateral root (LR) architecture greatly affects the efficiency of nutrient absorption and the anchorage of plants. Although the internal phytohormone regulatory mechanisms that control LR development are well known, how external nutrients influence lateral root development remains elusive. Here, we characterized the function of two FK506-binding proteins, namely, FKBP15-1 and FKBP15-2, in Arabidopsis. FKBP15-1/15-2 genes were expressed prominently in the vascular bundles of the root basal meristem region, and the FKBP15-1/15-2 proteins were localized to the endoplasmic reticulum of the cells. Using IP-MS, Co-IP, and BiFC assays, we demonstrated that FKBP15-1 and FKBP15-2 interacted with vacuolar invertase 2 (VIN2). Compared to Col-0 and the single mutants, the fkbp15-1fkbp15-2 double mutant had more LRs, and presented higher sucrose catalytic activity. Moreover, genetic analysis showed genetic epistasis of VIN2 over FKBP15-1/FKBP15-2 in controlling LR development. Our results indicate that FKBP15-1 and FKBP15-2 participate in the control of LR number by inhibiting the catalytic activity of VIN2. Owing to the conserved peptidylprolyl cis-trans isomerase activity of FKBP family proteins, our results provide a clue for further analysis of the interplay between lateral root development and protein modification by FKBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiuzhen Kong
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianfu Li
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhengyin Gao
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kaijing Zuo
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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38
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Qi X, Li Q, Shen J, Qian C, Xu X, Xu Q, Chen X. Sugar enhances waterlogging-induced adventitious root formation in cucumber by promoting auxin transport and signalling. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:1545-1557. [PMID: 32020637 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Waterlogging is a severe environmental stress that causes severe crop productivity losses. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) survives waterlogging by producing adventitious roots (ARs) that enhance gas exchange. Little is known about the role of light and sugars in the waterlogging-induced production of ARs. The role of these factors in AR production was therefore studied in cucumber seedlings grown in the absence or presence of waterlogging and different light conditions. The effect of photosynthesis was studied by removing the shoots of the seedlings and replacing them with exogenous applications of sucrose or stachyose. Shoot removal inhibited AR emergence and elongation. However, the exogenous application of sugars fully restored AR emergence and partially restored root elongation. The exogenous application of a synthetic auxin restored AR emergence but not AR elongation. Transcriptome profiling analysis was used to determine the effects of light on gene expression in the hypocotyls under these conditions. The levels of transcripts encoding proteins involved in auxin transport and signalling were higher in the light and following the exogenous application of sucrose and stachyose. These results show that the waterlogging-induced emergence of ARs is regulated by the interaction between sugars and auxin, whereas AR elongation depends only on sugars alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Qi
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiatao Shen
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chunlu Qian
- Department of Food Science, School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xuewen Xu
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xuehao Chen
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Overexpression of Melon Tonoplast Sugar Transporter CmTST1 Improved Root Growth under High Sugar Content. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103524. [PMID: 32429319 PMCID: PMC7279021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugar allocation is based on the source-to-sink and intracellular transport between different organelles, and sugar transporters are usually involved in these processes. Tonoplast sugar transporters (TST) are responsible for transporting sugar into vacuoles; however, the role of TSTs in root growth and the response to abiotic stress is poorly studied. Here, RNA analysis and promoter-β-glucuronidase staining revealed that a melon TST1 gene (CmTST1) is highly expressed in the roots. The sugar feeding experiment results showed that the expression of CmTST1 in the roots was induced by a relatively high level of sucrose (6%), glucose (3%), and fructose (3%). The ectopic overexpression of CmTST1 in Arabidopsis improved the root and shoot growth of seedlings under high exogenous sugar stress. Furthermore, the ectopic expression of CmTST1 promoted the expression of plasma membrane-located sugar transporters. We proposed that CmTST1 plays a key role in importing sugar transport into the vacuoles of roots in response to metabolic demands to maintain cytosolic sugar homeostasis.
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Zhang S, Peng F, Xiao Y, Wang W, Wu X. Peach PpSnRK1 Participates in Sucrose-Mediated Root Growth Through Auxin Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:409. [PMID: 32391030 PMCID: PMC7193671 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Sugar signals play a key role in root growth and development. SnRK1, as one of the energy centers, can respond to energy changes in plants and affect the growth and development of plants. However, studies on sugar signals and SnRK1 regulating root growth in fruit trees have not been reported. In this study, we found that 5% exogenous sucrose could increase the total volume and total surface area of the peach root system, enhance the number and growth of lateral roots, and promote the activity of SnRK1. When exogenous trehalose was applied, the growth of roots was poor. Sucrose treatment reversed the inhibitory effects of trehalose on SnRK1 enzyme activity and root growth. We also found that the lateral root number of PpSnRK1a-overexpressing plants (4-1, 4-2, and 4-3) increased significantly. Therefore, we believe that peach SnRK1 is involved in sucrose-mediated root growth and development. To further clarify this mechanism, we used qRT-PCR analysis to show that exogenous sucrose could promote the expression of auxin-related genes in roots, thereby leading to the accumulation of auxin in the root system. In addition, the genes related to auxin synthesis and auxin transport in the root systems of PpSnRK1a-overexpressing lines were also significantly up-regulated. Using peach PpSnRK1a as the bait, we obtained two positive clones, PpIAA12 and PpPIN-LIKES6, which play key roles in auxin signaling. The interactions between peach PpSnRK1a and PpIAA12/PpPIN-LIKES6 were verified by yeast two-hybrid assays and bimolecular fluorescence complementation experiments, and the complexes were localized in the nucleus. After exogenous trehalose treatment, the expression of these two genes in peach root system was inhibited, whereas sucrose had a significant stimulatory effect and could alleviate the inhibition of these two genes by trehalose, which was consistent with the trend of sucrose's regulation of SnRK1 activity. In conclusion, peach SnRK1 can respond to sucrose and regulate root growth through the auxin signal pathway. This experiment increases our understanding of the function of fruit tree SnRK1 and provides a new insight to further study sugar hormone crosstalk in the future.
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Wolf S. Deviating from the Beaten Track: New Twists in Brassinosteroid Receptor Function. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051561. [PMID: 32106564 PMCID: PMC7084826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A key feature of plants is their plastic development tailored to the environmental conditions. To integrate environmental signals with genetic growth regulatory programs, plants rely on a number of hormonal pathways, which are intimately connected at multiple levels. Brassinosteroids (BRs), a class of plant sterol hormones, are perceived by cell surface receptors and trigger responses instrumental in tailoring developmental programs to environmental cues. Arguably, BR signalling is one of the best-characterized plant signalling pathways, and the molecular composition of the core signal transduction cascade seems clear. However, BR research continues to reveal new twists to re-shape our view on this key signalling circuit. Here, exciting novel findings pointing to the plasma membrane as a key site for BR signalling modulation and integration with other pathways are reviewed and new inputs into the BR signalling pathway and emerging “non-canonical” functions of the BR receptor complex are highlighted. Together, this new evidence underscores the complexity of plant signalling integration and serves as a reminder that highly-interconnected signalling pathways frequently comprise non-linear aspects which are difficult to convey in classical conceptual models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wolf
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS) Heidelberg, INF230, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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42
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Hansch F, Jaspar H, von Sivers L, Bitterlich M, Franken P, Kühn C. Brassinosteroids and sucrose transport in mycorrhizal tomato plants. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1714292. [PMID: 31934815 PMCID: PMC7053933 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1714292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Silencing of SlSUT2 expression in tomato plants leads to a dwarfed phenotype, reduced pollen vitality and reduces pollen germination rate. Male sterility of flowers, together with a dwarfed growth behavior is reminiscent to brassinosteroid defective mutant plants. Therefore we aimed to rescue the SlSUT2 silencing phenotype by local brassinosteroid application. The phenotypical effects of SlSUT2 down-regulation could partially be rescued by epi-brassinolide treatment suggesting that SlSUT2 interconnects sucrose partitioning with brassinosteroid signaling. We previously showed that SlSUT2 silenced plants show increased mycorrhization and, this effect was explained by a putative sucrose retrieval function of SlSUT2 at the periarbuscular membrane. More recently, we reported that the symbiotic interaction between Solanaceous hosts and AM fungi is directly affected by watering the roots with epi-brassinolide. Here we show that the SlSUT2 effects on mycorrhiza are not only based on the putative sucrose retrieval function of SlSUT2 at the periarbuscular membrane. Our analyses argue that brassinosteroids as well as SlSUT2 per se can impact the arbuscular morphology/architecture and thereby affect the efficiency of nutrient exchange between both symbionts and the mycorrhizal growth benefit for the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Hansch
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Plant Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hannah Jaspar
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Plant Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lea von Sivers
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Plant Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bitterlich
- Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops Großbeeren, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Philipp Franken
- Erfurt Research Centre for Horticultural Crops, University of Applied Sciences Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Christina Kühn
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Plant Physiology, Berlin, Germany
- CONTACT Christina Kühn Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Biology, Plant Physiology, Philippstr. 13 Building 12 Berlin, Germany
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Cho C, Jeon E, Pandey SK, Ha SH, Kim J. LBD13 positively regulates lateral root formation in Arabidopsis. PLANTA 2019; 249:1251-1258. [PMID: 30627888 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-03087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain 13 (LBD13), which is expressed in emerged lateral roots and encodes a transcriptional activator, plays an important role in lateral root formation in Arabidopsis. Lateral roots (LRs) are major determinants of root system architecture, contributing to the survival strategies of plants. Members of the LBD gene family encode plant-specific transcription factors that play key roles in plant organ development. Several LBD genes, such as LBD14, 16, 18, 29, and 33, have been shown to play important roles in regulating LR development in Arabidopsis. In the present study, we show that LBD13 is expressed in emerged LRs and LR meristems of elongated LRs and regulates LR formation in Arabidopsis. Transient gene expression assays with Arabidopsis protoplasts showed that LBD13 is localized to the nucleus and harbors transcription-activating potential. Knock-down of LBD13 expression by RNA interference resulted in reduced LR formation, whereas overexpression of LBD13 enhanced LR formation in transgenic Arabidopsis. Analysis of β-glucuronidase (GUS) expression under the control of the LBD13 promoter showed that GUS staining was detected in LRs emerged from the primary root, but not in LR primordia. Moreover, both the distribution of LR primordium number and developmental kinetics of LR primordia were not affected either by knock-down or by overexpression of LBD13. Taken together, these results suggest that LBD13 is a nuclear-localized transcriptional activator and controls LR formation during or after LR emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuloh Cho
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, South Korea
| | - Eunkyeong Jeon
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, South Korea
| | - Shashank K Pandey
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, South Korea
| | - Se Hoon Ha
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, South Korea
| | - Jungmook Kim
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, South Korea.
- Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 500-757, South Korea.
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Sami F, Siddiqui H, Hayat S. Interaction of glucose and phytohormone signaling in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 135:119-126. [PMID: 30529977 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Energy acts as a primary prerequisite for plant growth like all the other organisms. Soluble sugars function in providing enough supply of nutrients which further helps in building macromolecules and energy to carry out specific and coordinated development. Sugars functions as nutrient as well as signaling molecule to promote cell division and differentiation in plants. Intriguingly, glucose has emerged as a crucial signaling molecule where hexokinase1 acts as the conserved glucose sensor. On the molecular scale, an extensive crosstalk between glucose and phytohormone signaling has been observed where glucose signals trigger multiple hexokinase1-dependent as well as hexokinase1-independent pathways to mediate diverse developmental, physiological and molecular mechanisms. Taken together, these findings this review focused on the glucose crosstalk with several classical plant hormonal-signaling pathways and the crucial role of hexokinase1 in modulating plant physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareen Sami
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Husna Siddiqui
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Shamsul Hayat
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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Shnaider Y, Mitra D, Miller G, Baniel A, Doniger T, Kuhalskaya A, Scossa F, Fernie AR, Brotman Y, Perl-Treves R. Cucumber ovaries inhibited by dominant fruit express a dynamic developmental program, distinct from either senescence-determined or fruit-setting ovaries. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 96:651-669. [PMID: 30058228 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cucurbits represent an attractive model to explore the dynamics of fruit set, whose regulation is not fully understood, despite its importance for yield determination. A fertilized ovary must integrate signals from distant plant parts and 'decide' whether to set fruit, or remain inhibited and later senesce. Here, we set out to characterize first-fruit inhibition (FFI), that is, the inhibitory effect of the first fruit on subsequent development of younger ovaries during pollination-induced and parthenocarpic fruit set. After the first fertilized ovaries set fruit, younger fertilized ovaries remained in a temporary state of inhibition. Such ovaries preserved their size and green color, and if the older fruit were removed within a 1-week reversibility window, they set fruit. The FFI effect was documented in both fertilized and parthenocarpic ovaries. We compared the gene expression profiles of pollinated ovaries (committed to set fruit) with respect to those affected by FFI, and to non-pollinated ovaries (undergoing senescence). The three fates of the ovaries were characterized by wide changes in gene expression, with several specific transcripts being up- or down-regulated in response to pollination, and to the presence of inhibitory fruit. Metabolic profiling was undertaken and integrated with the transcriptomic data in order to characterize early physiological changes that occur in post-anthesis ovaries in parthenocarpic and non-parthenocarpic genotypes. The combined results are discussed with respect to current models of fruit set and specifically with regard to FFI. Moreover, these metabolome and transcriptome data provide a valuable resource for studying ovary development and fruit set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yula Shnaider
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Deblina Mitra
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Golan Miller
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Avital Baniel
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - Tirza Doniger
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel
| | | | - Federico Scossa
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, CREA-OFA, Rome, 00134, Italy
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Rafael Perl-Treves
- Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel
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Huang L, Yu LJ, Zhang X, Fan B, Wang FZ, Dai YS, Qi H, Zhou Y, Xie LJ, Xiao S. Autophagy regulates glucose-mediated root meristem activity by modulating ROS production in Arabidopsis. Autophagy 2018; 15:407-422. [PMID: 30208757 PMCID: PMC6351127 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1520547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose produced from photosynthesis is a key nutrient signal regulating root meristem activity in plants; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we show that, by modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, the conserved macroautophagy/autophagy degradation pathway contributes to glucose-regulated root meristem maintenance. In Arabidopsis thaliana roots, a short exposure to elevated glucose temporarily suppresses constitutive autophagosome formation. The autophagy-defective autophagy-related gene (atg) mutants have enhanced tolerance to glucose, established downstream of the glucose sensors, and accumulate less glucose-induced ROS in the root tips. Moreover, the enhanced root meristem activities in the atg mutants are associated with improved auxin gradients and auxin responses. By acting with AT4G39850/ABCD1 (ATP-binding cassette D1; Formerly PXA1/peroxisomal ABC transporter 1), autophagy plays an indispensable role in the glucose-promoted degradation of root peroxisomes, and the atg mutant phenotype is partially rescued by the overexpression of ABCD1. Together, our findings suggest that autophagy is an essential mechanism for glucose-mediated maintenance of the root meristem. Abbreviation: ABA: abscisic acid; ABCD1: ATP-binding cassette D1; ABO: ABA overly sensitive; AsA: ascorbic acid; ATG: autophagy related; CFP: cyan fluorescent protein; Co-IP: co-immunoprecipitation; DAB: 3’,3’-diaininobenzidine; DCFH-DA: 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate; DR5: a synthetic auxin response element consists of tandem direct repeats of 11 bp that included the auxin-responsive TGTCTC element; DZ: differentiation zone; EZ, elongation zone; GFP, green fluorescent protein; GSH, glutathione; GUS: β-glucuronidase; HXK1: hexokinase 1; H2O2: hydrogen peroxide; IAA: indole-3-acetic acid; IBA: indole-3-butyric acid; KIN10/11: SNF1 kinase homolog 10/11; MDC: monodansylcadaverine; MS: Murashige and Skoog; MZ: meristem zone; NBT: nitroblue tetrazolium; NPA: 1-N-naphtylphthalamic acid; OxIAA: 2-oxindole-3-acetic acid; PIN: PIN-FORMED; PLT: PLETHORA; QC: quiescent center; RGS1: Regulator of G-protein signaling 1; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SCR: SCARECROW; SHR, SHORT-ROOT; SKL: Ser-Lys-Leu; SnRK1: SNF1-related kinase 1; TOR: target of rapamycin; UPB1: UPBEAT1; WOX5: WUSCHEL related homeobox 5; Y2H: yeast two-hybrid; YFP: yellow fluorescent protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Lu-Jun Yu
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xue Zhang
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Biao Fan
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Feng-Zhu Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yang-Shuo Dai
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Hua Qi
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Ying Zhou
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Li-Juan Xie
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Shi Xiao
- a State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , China
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Sakr S, Wang M, Dédaldéchamp F, Perez-Garcia MD, Ogé L, Hamama L, Atanassova R. The Sugar-Signaling Hub: Overview of Regulators and Interaction with the Hormonal and Metabolic Network. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 57:2367-2379. [PMID: 30149541 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant growth and development has to be continuously adjusted to the available resources. Their optimization requires the integration of signals conveying the plant metabolic status, its hormonal balance, and its developmental stage. Many investigations have recently been conducted to provide insights into sugar signaling and its interplay with hormones and nitrogen in the fine-tuning of plant growth, development, and survival. The present review emphasizes the diversity of sugar signaling integrators, the main molecular and biochemical mechanisms related to the sugar-signaling dependent regulations, and to the regulatory hubs acting in the interplay of the sugar-hormone and sugar-nitrogen networks. It also contributes to compiling evidence likely to fill a few knowledge gaps, and raises new questions for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soulaiman Sakr
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Ming Wang
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Fabienne Dédaldéchamp
- Equipe "Sucres & Echanges Végétaux-Environnement", Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267 EBI, Bâtiment B31, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers CEDEX 9, France.
| | - Maria-Dolores Perez-Garcia
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Laurent Ogé
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Latifa Hamama
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Rossitza Atanassova
- Equipe "Sucres & Echanges Végétaux-Environnement", Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267 EBI, Bâtiment B31, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers CEDEX 9, France.
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Sakr S, Wang M, Dédaldéchamp F, Perez-Garcia MD, Ogé L, Hamama L, Atanassova R. The Sugar-Signaling Hub: Overview of Regulators and Interaction with the Hormonal and Metabolic Network. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092506. [PMID: 30149541 PMCID: PMC6165531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth and development has to be continuously adjusted to the available resources. Their optimization requires the integration of signals conveying the plant metabolic status, its hormonal balance, and its developmental stage. Many investigations have recently been conducted to provide insights into sugar signaling and its interplay with hormones and nitrogen in the fine-tuning of plant growth, development, and survival. The present review emphasizes the diversity of sugar signaling integrators, the main molecular and biochemical mechanisms related to the sugar-signaling dependent regulations, and to the regulatory hubs acting in the interplay of the sugar-hormone and sugar-nitrogen networks. It also contributes to compiling evidence likely to fill a few knowledge gaps, and raises new questions for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soulaiman Sakr
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Ming Wang
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Fabienne Dédaldéchamp
- Equipe "Sucres & Echanges Végétaux-Environnement", Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267 EBI, Bâtiment B31, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers CEDEX 9, France.
| | - Maria-Dolores Perez-Garcia
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Laurent Ogé
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Latifa Hamama
- Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d'Angers, SFR 4207 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France.
| | - Rossitza Atanassova
- Equipe "Sucres & Echanges Végétaux-Environnement", Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267 EBI, Bâtiment B31, 3 rue Jacques Fort, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers CEDEX 9, France.
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BRI1 and BAK1 interact with G proteins and regulate sugar-responsive growth and development in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1522. [PMID: 29670153 PMCID: PMC5906681 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03884-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugars function as signal molecules to regulate growth, development, and gene expression in plants, yeasts, and animals. A coordination of sugar availability with phytohormone signals is crucial for plant growth and development. The molecular link between sugar availability and hormone-dependent plant growth are largely unknown. Here we report that BRI1 and BAK1 are involved in sugar-responsive growth and development. Glucose influences the physical interactions and phosphorylations of BRI1 and BAK1 in a concentration-dependent manner. BRI1 and BAK1 physically interact with G proteins that are essential for mediating sugar signaling. Biochemical data show that BRI1 can phosphorylate G protein β subunit and γ subunits, and BAK1 can phosphorylate G protein γ subunits. Genetic analyses suggest that BRI1 and BAK1 function in a common pathway with G-protein subunits to regulate sugar responses. Thus, our findings reveal an important genetic and molecular mechanism by which BR receptors associate with G proteins to regulate sugar-responsive growth and development. G-proteins regulate sugar-responsive growth in plants. Here the authors show that brassinosteroid (BR) signaling is also involved in sugar responses and present evidence that the BR receptor BRI1 and its co-receptor BAK1 can phosphorylate G-protein subunits to regulate sugar signaling in Arabidopsis.
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Singh M, Gupta A, Singh D, Khurana JP, Laxmi A. Arabidopsis RSS1 Mediates Cross-Talk Between Glucose and Light Signaling During Hypocotyl Elongation Growth. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16101. [PMID: 29170398 PMCID: PMC5701026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants possess exuberant plasticity that facilitates its ability to adapt and survive under challenging environmental conditions. The developmental plasticity largely depends upon cellular elongation which is governed by a complex network of environmental and phytohormonal signals. Here, we report role of glucose (Glc) and Glc-regulated factors in controlling elongation growth and shade response in Arabidopsis. Glc controls shade induced hypocotyl elongation in a dose dependent manner. We have identified a Glc repressed factor REGULATED BY SUGAR AND SHADE1 (RSS1) encoding for an atypical basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein of unknown biological function that is required for normal Glc actions. Phenotype analysis of mutant and overexpression lines suggested RSS1 to be a negative regulator of elongation growth. RSS1 affects overall auxin homeostasis. RSS1 interacts with the elongation growth-promoting proteins HOMOLOG OF BEE2 INTERACTING WITH IBH 1 (HBI1) and BR ENHANCED EXPRESSION2 (BEE2) and negatively affects the transcription of their downstream targets such as YUCs, INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE (IAAs), LONG HYPOCOTYL IN FAR-RED1 (HFR1), HOMEOBOX PROTEIN 2 (ATHB2), XYLOGLUCAN ENDOTRANSGLUCOSYLASE/HYDROLASES (XTHs) and EXPANSINS. We propose, Glc signals might maintain optimal hypocotyl elongation under multiple signals such as light, shade and phytohormones through the central growth regulatory bHLH/HLH module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjul Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India.,Interdisciplinary center for Plant Genomics and Department of Plant Molecular biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Aditi Gupta
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India.,Interdisciplinary center for Plant Genomics and Department of Plant Molecular biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Dhriti Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jitendra P Khurana
- Interdisciplinary center for Plant Genomics and Department of Plant Molecular biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Ashverya Laxmi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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