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Pratt C, Mahdi Z, El Hanandeh A. 'Climate Healing Stones': Common Minerals Offer Substantial Climate Change Mitigation Potential. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 73:1167-1179. [PMID: 38374402 PMCID: PMC11136852 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-024-01945-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
This review proposes that mineral-based greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation could be developed into a substantial climate change abatement tool. This proposal was evaluated via three objectives: (1) synthesise literature studies documenting the effectiveness of geological minerals at mitigating GHG emissions; (2) quantify, via meta-analysis, GHG magnitudes that could be abated by minerals factoring-in the carbon footprint of the approach; and (3) estimate the global availability of relevant minerals. Several minerals have been effectively harnessed across multiple sectors-including agriculture, waste management and coal mining-to mitigate carbon dioxide/CO2 (e.g., olivine), methane/CH4 (e.g., allophane, gypsum) and nitrous oxide/N2O (e.g., vermiculite) emissions. High surface area minerals offer substantial promise to protect soil carbon, albeit their potential impact here is difficult to quantify. Although mineral-based N2O reduction strategies can achieve gross emission reduction, their application generates a net carbon emission due to prohibitively large mineral quantities needed. By contrast, mineral-based technologies could abate ~9% and 11% of global CO2 and CH4 anthropogenic emissions, respectively. These estimates conservatively only consider options which offer additional benefits to climate change mitigation (e.g., nutrient supply to agricultural landscapes, and safety controls in landfill operations). This multi-benefit aspect is important due to the reluctance to invest in stand-alone GHG mitigation technologies. Minerals that exhibit high GHG mitigation potential are globally abundant. However, their application towards a dedicated global GHG mitigation initiative would entail significant escalation of their current production rates. A detailed cost-benefit analysis and environmental and social footprint assessment is needed to ascertain the strategy's scale-up potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Pratt
- School of Environment and Science, Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Zainab Mahdi
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Ali El Hanandeh
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.
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2
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Zhang S, Zhou X, Chen Y, Du F, Zhu B. Soil organic carbon fractions in China: Spatial distribution, drivers, and future changes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170890. [PMID: 38346657 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Soil is the world's largest terrestrial carbon pool and plays an important role in the global carbon cycle, which may be greatly affected by global change. Recently, research frameworks have indicated that division of soil organic carbon (SOC) into two forms particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) can help us better understand SOC cycle. However, there is a lack of the use of meta-analysis combined with machine learning models to explore the spatial distribution of SOC fractions at large scales. Based on 356 studies conducted in Chinese terrestrial ecosystems, we performed a meta-analysis of extracted data and measured data combined with machine learning models to reveal the spatial distribution of soil POC density (POCD) and MAOC density (MAOCD) and the main drivers of variations in POCD and MAOCD. Our study demonstrated that POCD and MAOCD in China's soil were 3.24 and 2.61 kg m-2, with stocks of 31.10 and 25.06 Pg, respectively. Climate, soil, and vegetation properties together explained 44.9 % and 27.2 % of the variation in POCD and MAOCD, respectively. Climate was more important than other variables in controlling the changes in POCD, with mean annual temperature being specifically the main driver. Soil, however, was more important than other variables in controlling changes in MAOCD, with soil clay content being the main driver. Compared to the other climate scenarios, the rate of change in POCD and MAOCD was higher with a 1.5 °C increase in temperature. In the future, we should pay more attention to the impact of climate change on POCD, which provides a theoretical basis for achieving the "dual-carbon" target. Our study contributes to the understanding of the potential mechanisms of the changes in SOC fractions under global change and provides useful information for future prediction models to simulate the impacts of global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 610041 Chengdu, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yusen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Fan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 610041 Chengdu, China.
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3
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Xu Z, Tsang DC. Mineral-mediated stability of organic carbon in soil and relevant interaction mechanisms. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (ONLINE) 2024; 3:59-76. [PMID: 38318344 PMCID: PMC10840363 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Soil, the largest terrestrial carbon reservoir, is central to climate change and relevant feedback to environmental health. Minerals are the essential components that contribute to over 60% of soil carbon storage. However, how the interactions between minerals and organic carbon shape the carbon transformation and stability remains poorly understood. Herein, we critically review the primary interactions between organic carbon and soil minerals and the relevant mechanisms, including sorption, redox reaction, co-precipitation, dissolution, polymerization, and catalytic reaction. These interactions, highly complex with the combination of multiple processes, greatly affect the stability of organic carbon through the following processes: (1) formation or deconstruction of the mineral-organic carbon association; (2) oxidative transformation of the organic carbon with minerals; (3) catalytic polymerization of organic carbon with minerals; and (4) varying association stability of organic carbon according to the mineral transformation. Several pieces of evidence related to the carbon turnover and stability during the interaction with soil minerals in the real eco-environment are then demonstrated. We also highlight the current research gaps and outline research priorities, which may map future directions for a deeper mechanisms-based understanding of the soil carbon storage capacity considering its interactions with minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibo Xu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C.W. Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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4
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Niu B, Chen Q, Jiao H, Yang X, Shao M, Wang J, Si G, Lei T, Yang Y, Zhang G, Guggenberger G. Networks of mineral-associated organic matter fractions in forest ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165555. [PMID: 37454842 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM), the largest soil carbon pool, is formed through a series of organo-mineral interaction mechanisms. However, different organo-mineral fractions relevant to specific stabilization mechanisms and their response to environmental variables are poorly understood, which hinders accurate prediction of MAOM preservation under climate change. We applied sequential chemical extraction to separate MAOM into different organo-mineral fractions. To assess of response of different organo-mineral fractions to climate change, alpine forest soils with high environmental sensitivity along a controlled environmental gradient were selected. Residual OM and weakly adsorbed OM were the primary organo-mineral fractions, accounting for approximately 45.1-67.7 % and 16.4-30.6 %, respectively, of the total organic carbon (TOC). Climate exerted considerable indirect effects on the preservation of organo-mineral fractions through weathering and edaphic and biotic variables. Moreover, organo-mineral fractions were closely associated with metal cations (mainly Fe3+/Al3+) and secondary minerals, forming complex networks. Water-soluble OM (WSOM), weakly adsorbed OM and Fe/Al oxyhydroxides-stabilized OM were tightly linked, occupying the central position of the networks, and were closely related to soil pH, moisture and prokaryotic composition, indicating that edaphic and biotic factors might play important roles in maintaining the network structure and topology. In addition, Fe/Al-OM complexes, oxyhydroxides-stabilized OM and residual OM in the network were greatly impacted by climate and weathering factors, including precipitation, temperature and the plagioclase index of alteration (PIA). The complex network among organo-mineral fractions sheds light on MAOM dynamic stabilization for better predicting MAOM preservation under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qiuyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, UK
| | - Hongzhe Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoqin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ming Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Land and Resource College, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
| | - Guicai Si
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Tianzhu Lei
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yibo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Gengxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Georg Guggenberger
- Institute of Soil Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Hanover 30419, Germany
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5
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Oyedoh OP, Yang W, Dhanasekaran D, Santoyo G, Glick BR, Babalola OO. Rare rhizo-Actinomycetes: A new source of agroactive metabolites. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 67:108205. [PMID: 37356598 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Numerous biotic and abiotic stress in some geographical regions predisposed their agricultural matrix to challenges threatening plant productivity, health, and quality. In curbing these threats, different customary agrarian principles have been created through research and development, ranging from chemical inputs and genetic modification of crops to the recently trending smart agricultural technology. But the peculiarities associated with these methods have made agriculturists rely on plant rhizospheric microbiome services, particularly bacteria. Several bacterial resources like Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, and Actinomycetes (Streptomycetes) are prominent as bioinoculants or the application of their by-products in alleviating biotic/abiotic stress have been extensively studied, with a dearth in the application of rare Actinomycetes metabolites. Rare Actinomycetes are known for their colossal genome, containing well-preserved genes coding for prolific secondary metabolites with many agroactive functionalities that can revolutionize the agricultural industry. Therefore, the imperativeness of this review to express the occurrence and distributions of rare Actinomycetes diversity, plant and soil-associated habitats, successional track in the rhizosphere under diverse stress, and their agroactive metabolite characteristics and functionalities that can remediate the challenges associated with agricultural productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oghoye Priscilla Oyedoh
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Wei Yang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biolόgicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Bernard R Glick
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
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6
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Li J, Pei J, Fang C, Li B, Nie M. Thermal adaptation of microbial respiration persists throughout long-term soil carbon decomposition. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:1803-1814. [PMID: 37592863 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Soil microbial respiration is expected to show adaptations to changing temperatures, greatly weakening the magnitude of feedback over time, as shown in labile carbon substrates. However, whether such thermal adaptation persists during long-term soil carbon decomposition as carbon substrates decrease in decomposability remains unknown. Here, we conducted a 6-year incubation experiment in natural and arable soils with distinct properties under three temperatures (10, 20 and 30°C). Mass-specific microbial respiration was consistently lower under higher long-term incubation temperatures, suggesting the occurrence and persistence of microbial thermal adaptation in long-term soil carbon decomposition. Furthermore, changes in microbial community composition and function largely explained the persistence of microbial respiratory thermal adaptation. If such thermal adaptation generally occurs in large low-decomposability carbon pools, warming-induced soil carbon losses may be lower than previously predicted and thus may not contribute as much as expected to greenhouse warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinquan Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junmin Pei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changming Fang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Centre for Invasion Biology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ming Nie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Wang Y, Guo Y, Wang X, Song C, Song Y, Liu Z, Wang S, Gao S, Ma G. Mineral protection controls soil organic carbon stability in permafrost wetlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 869:161864. [PMID: 36720397 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mineral protection can slow the effect of warming on the mineralization of organic carbon (OC) in permafrost wetlands, which has an important impact on the dynamics of soil OC. However, the response mechanisms of wetland mineral soil to warming in permafrost areas are unclear. In this study, the soil of the southern edge of the Eurasian permafrost area was selected, and bulk and heavy fraction (HF) soil was subjected to indoor warming incubation experiments using physical fractionation. The results showed that the HF accounted for 51.25 % of the total OC mineralization in the bulk soil, and the δ13C value of the CO2 that was emitted in the HF soil was higher than that of the bulk soil. This indicates the potential availability of mineral soil and that the mineralized OC in the HF was the more stable component. Additionally, the mineralization of the mineral subsoil after warming by 10 °C was only about half of the increase in the organic topsoil, and the temperature sensitivity was significantly negatively correlated with the Fe/Al oxides to OC ratio. The results indicate that under conditions of permafrost degradation, the physical protection of mineral soil at high latitudes is essential for the stability of OC, which may slow the trend of permafrost wetlands becoming carbon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuedong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Changchun Song
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; School of Hydraulic Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yanyu Song
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Zhendi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Shujie Wang
- Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Siqi Gao
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guobao Ma
- Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150000, China
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8
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Martens J, Mueller CW, Joshi P, Rosinger C, Maisch M, Kappler A, Bonkowski M, Schwamborn G, Schirrmeister L, Rethemeyer J. Stabilization of mineral-associated organic carbon in Pleistocene permafrost. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2120. [PMID: 37055417 PMCID: PMC10102184 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37766-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ice-rich Pleistocene-age permafrost is particularly vulnerable to rapid thaw, which may quickly expose a large pool of sedimentary organic matter (OM) to microbial degradation and lead to emissions of climate-sensitive greenhouse gases. Protective physico-chemical mechanisms may, however, restrict microbial accessibility and reduce OM decomposition; mechanisms that may be influenced by changing environmental conditions during sediment deposition. Here we study different OM fractions in Siberian permafrost deposited during colder and warmer periods of the past 55,000 years. Among known stabilization mechanisms, the occlusion of OM in aggregates is of minor importance, while 33-74% of the organic carbon is associated with small, <6.3 µm mineral particles. Preservation of carbon in mineral-associated OM is enhanced by reactive iron minerals particularly during cold and dry climate, reflected by low microbial CO2 production in incubation experiments. Warmer and wetter conditions reduce OM stabilization, shown by more decomposed mineral-associated OM and up to 30% higher CO2 production. This shows that considering the stability and bioavailability of Pleistocene-age permafrost carbon is important for predicting future climate-carbon feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Martens
- Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Carsten W Mueller
- Chair for Soil Science, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Prachi Joshi
- Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Rosinger
- Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Agronomy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Maisch
- Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence: EXC 2124: Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Georg Schwamborn
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Permafrost Research Section, Potsdam, Germany
- Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul Technical University Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lutz Schirrmeister
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Permafrost Research Section, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Janet Rethemeyer
- Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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9
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Jia J, Liu Z, Haghipour N, Wacker L, Zhang H, Sierra CA, Ma T, Wang Y, Chen L, Luo A, Wang Z, He JS, Zhao M, Eglinton TI, Feng X. Molecular 14 C evidence for contrasting turnover and temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter components. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:778-788. [PMID: 36922740 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate projection requires an accurate understanding for soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition and its response to warming. An emergent view considers that environmental constraints rather than chemical structure alone control SOC turnover and its temperature sensitivity (i.e., Q10 ), but direct long-term evidence is lacking. Here, using compound-specific radiocarbon analysis of soil profiles along a 3300-km grassland transect, we provide direct evidence for the rapid turnover of lignin-derived phenols compared with slower-cycling molecular components of SOC (i.e., long-chain lipids and black carbon). Furthermore, in contrast to the slow-cycling components whose turnover is strongly modulated by mineral association and exhibits low Q10 , lignin turnover is mainly regulated by temperature and has a high Q10 . Such contrasts resemble those between fast-cycling (i.e., light) and mineral-associated slow-cycling fractions from globally distributed soils. Collectively, our results suggest that warming may greatly accelerate the decomposition of lignin, especially in soils with relatively weak mineral associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zongguang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Negar Haghipour
- Geological Institute, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Wacker
- Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, Department of Physics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China
| | - Carlos A Sierra
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany.,Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yiyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Litong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Ao Luo
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiheng Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Sheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.,Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Meixun Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Xiaojuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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10
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Yang S, He Z, Chen L. Different responses of CO 2 and CH 4 to freeze-thaw cycles in an alpine forest ecosystem in northwestern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 863:160886. [PMID: 36528098 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The frequency and intensity of freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) at high latitudes and altitudes are expected to increase with climate change, with likely effects on soil carbon turnover and CO2 and CH4 fluxes. However, the effects of FTCs on CO2 and CH4 fluxes remain unexplored, especially in alpine forest ecosystems. Here, we conducted an incubation experiment using intact soil cores to explore the effects of FTCs on CO2 and CH4 fluxes. Since temperature and moisture are considered as potential factors affecting FTCs, two freezing temperatures and three moisture levels were included in the incubation conditions. Our results showed that FTCs significantly affected CO2 and CH4 fluxes, but their response patterns to FTCs were distinct. The FTCs promoted CO2 emission during the soil thawing phase, but reduced CH4 uptake during the freezing phase, resulting at times in the transition of the soil from a sink to a source of CH4. Both freezing temperature and soil moisture had significant impacts on CO2 (Ftemperature = 185.54, P < 0.001; Fmoisture = 117.47, P < 0.001) and CH4 fluxes (Ftemperature = 123.68, P < 0.001; Fmoisture = 14.55, P < 0.001), and their interaction also had significant impacts on CO2 (FCO2 = 3.16, P < 0.05) and CH4 fluxes (FCH4 = 15.19, P < 0.001) during FTCs. The effect of microclimate composed by freezing temperature and soil moisture on CO2 and CH4 fluxes is a direct and dominant pathway (path coefficient ≥ 0.50). Substrate quality, and microbial properties also influenced CO2 fluxes during FTCs with the effect of the substrate being greater than that of microbial properties; substrate was important but the role of microorganisms was insignificant for CH4 fluxes. Our study revealed that the different responses of CO2 and CH4 to FTCs in soil cores from an alpine forest ecosystem could improve the understanding of soil carbon release during FTCs and support accurate assessment of the carbon balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Yang
- Linze Inland River Basin Research Station, Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhibin He
- Linze Inland River Basin Research Station, Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Longfei Chen
- Linze Inland River Basin Research Station, Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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11
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Rapid Permafrost Thaw Removes Nitrogen Limitation and Rises the Potential for N2O Emissions. NITROGEN 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/nitrogen3040040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ice–rich Pleistocene permafrost deposits (Yedoma) store large amounts of nitrogen (N) and are susceptible to rapid thaw. In this study, we assess whether eroding Yedoma deposits are potential sources of N and gaseous carbon (C) losses. Therefore, we determined aerobic net ammonification and nitrification, as well as anaerobic production of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4) in laboratory incubations. Samples were collected from non-vegetated and revegetated slump floor (SF) and thaw mound (TM) soils of a retrogressive thaw slump in the Lena River Delta of Eastern Siberia. We found high nitrate concentrations (up to 110 µg N (g DW)−1) within the growing season, a faster transformation of organic N to nitrate, and high N2O production (up to 217 ng N2O-N (g DW)−1 day−1) in revegetated thaw mounds. The slump floor was low in nitrate and did not produce N2O under anaerobic conditions, but produced the most CO2 (up to 7 µg CO2-C (g DW)−1 day−1) and CH4 (up to 65 ng CH4-C (g DW)−1 day−1). Nitrate additions showed that denitrification was substrate limited in the slump floor. Nitrate limitation was rather caused by field conditions (moisture, pH) than by microbial functional limitation since nitrification rates were positive under laboratory conditions. Our results emphasize the relevance of considering landscape processes, geomorphology, and soil origin in order to identify hotspots of high N availability, as well as C and N losses. High N availability is likely to have an impact on carbon cycling, but to what extent needs further investigation.
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12
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Divergent changes in particulate and mineral-associated organic carbon upon permafrost thaw. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5073. [PMID: 36038568 PMCID: PMC9424277 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32681-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Permafrost thaw can stimulate microbial decomposition and induce soil carbon (C) loss, potentially triggering a positive C-climate feedback. However, earlier observations have concentrated on bulk soil C dynamics upon permafrost thaw, with limited evidence involving soil C fractions. Here, we explore how the functionally distinct fractions, including particulate and mineral-associated organic C (POC and MAOC) as well as iron-bound organic C (OC-Fe), respond to permafrost thaw using systematic measurements derived from one permafrost thaw sequence and five additional thermokarst-impacted sites on the Tibetan Plateau. We find that topsoil POC content substantially decreases, while MAOC content remains stable and OC-Fe accumulates due to the enriched Fe oxides after permafrost thaw. Moreover, the proportion of MAOC and OC-Fe increases along the thaw sequence and at most of the thermokarst-impacted sites. The relatively enriched stable soil C fractions would alleviate microbial decomposition and weaken its feedback to climate warming over long-term thermokarst development. Based on observations from thermokarst-impacted sites on the Tibetan Plateau, the authors find substantial particulate organic carbon loss but stable mineral-associated organic carbon and enriched iron-bound organic carbon upon permafrost thaw.
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13
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Zhu X, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Peñuelas J, Sardans J, Lambers H, Li N, Liu Q, Yin H, Liu Z. More soil organic carbon is sequestered through the mycelium pathway than through the root pathway under nitrogen enrichment in an alpine forest. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:4947-4961. [PMID: 35582981 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant roots and associated mycorrhizae exert a large influence on soil carbon (C) cycling. Yet, little was known whether and how roots and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) extraradical mycelia differentially contribute to soil organic C (SOC) accumulation in alpine forests under increasing nitrogen (N) deposition. Using ingrowth cores, the relative contributions of the root pathway (RP; i.e., roots and rhizosphere processes) and mycelium pathway (MP; i.e., extraradical mycelia and hyphosphere processes) to SOC accumulation were distinguished and quantified in an ECM-dominated forest receiving chronic N addition (25 kg N ha-1 year-1 ). Under the non-N addition, the RP facilitated SOC accumulation, although the MP reduced SOC accumulation. Nitrogen addition enhanced the positive effect of RP on SOC accumulation from +18.02 to +20.55 mg C g-1 but counteracted the negative effect of MP on SOC accumulation from -5.62 to -0.57 mg C g-1 , compared with the non-N addition. Compared with the non-N addition, the N-induced SOC accumulation was 1.62-2.21 and 3.23-4.74 mg C g-1 , in the RP and the MP, respectively. The greater contribution of MP to SOC accumulation was mainly attributed to the higher microbial C pump (MCP) efficacy (the proportion of increased microbial residual C to the increased SOC under N addition) in the MP (72.5%) relative to the RP (57%). The higher MCP efficacy in the MP was mainly associated with the higher fungal metabolic activity (i.e., the greater fungal biomass and N-acetyl glucosidase activity) and greater binding efficiency of fungal residual C to mineral surfaces than those of RP. Collectively, our findings highlight the indispensable role of mycelia and hyphosphere processes in the formation and accumulation of stable SOC in the context of increasing N deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziliang Zhang
- Institute for Sustainability, Energy, and Environment, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Qitong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Na Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Huajun Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems & CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Su J, Zhang H, Han X, Peñuelas J, Filimonenko E, Jiang Y, Kuzyakov Y, Wei C. Low carbon availability in paleosols nonlinearly attenuates temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:4180-4193. [PMID: 35366335 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Temperature sensitivity (Q10 ) of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition is an important parameter in models of the global carbon (C) cycle. Previous studies have suggested that substrate quality controls the intrinsic Q10 , whereas environmental factors can impose large constraints. For example, physical protection of SOM and its association with minerals attenuate the apparent Q10 through reducing substrate availability and accessibility ([S]). The magnitude of this dampening effect, however, has never been quantified. We simulated theoretical Q10 changes across a wide range of [S] and found that the relationship between Q10 and the log10 -transformed [S] followed a logistic rather than a linear function. Based on the unique Holocene paleosol chronosequence (7 soils from ca. 500 to 6900 years old), we demonstrated that the Q10 decreased nonlinearly with soil age up to 1150 years, beyond which Q10 remained stable. Hierarchical partitioning analysis indicated that an integrated C availability index, derived from principal component analysis of DOC content and parameters reflecting physical protection and mineral association, was the main explanatory variable for the nonlinear decrease of Q10 with soil age. Microbial inoculation and 13 C-labelled glucose addition showed that low C availability induced by physical protection and minerals association attenuated Q10 along the chronosequence. A separate soil incubation experiment indicated that Q10 increased exponentially with activation energy (Ea ) in the modern soil, suggesting that SOM chemical complexity regulates Q10 only when C availability is high. In conclusion, organic matter availability strongly decreased with soil age, whereas Michelis-Menten kinetics defines the Q10 response depending on C availability, but Arrhenius equation describes the effects of increasing substrate complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xingguo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ekaterina Filimonenko
- Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia
| | - Yong Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Cunzheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
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15
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Sokol NW, Whalen ED, Jilling A, Kallenbach C, Pett‐Ridge J, Georgiou K. The Global Distribution, Formation, and Fate of Mineral‐Associated Soil Organic Matter Under a Changing Climate – A Trait‐Based Perspective. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noah W. Sokol
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore California USA
| | - Emily D. Whalen
- Department of Natural Resources and the En]vironment University of New Hampshire Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - Andrea Jilling
- College of Agriculture Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma USA
| | - Cynthia Kallenbach
- Department of Natural Resources Sciences McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Jennifer Pett‐Ridge
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore California USA
- Life & Environmental Sciences Department University of California Merced Merced California USA
| | - Katerina Georgiou
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore California USA
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16
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Heckman K, Hicks Pries CE, Lawrence CR, Rasmussen C, Crow SE, Hoyt AM, von Fromm SF, Shi Z, Stoner S, McGrath C, Beem-Miller J, Berhe AA, Blankinship JC, Keiluweit M, Marín-Spiotta E, Monroe JG, Plante AF, Schimel J, Sierra CA, Thompson A, Wagai R. Beyond bulk: Density fractions explain heterogeneity in global soil carbon abundance and persistence. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1178-1196. [PMID: 34862692 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the controls on the amount and persistence of soil organic carbon (C) is essential for predicting its sensitivity to global change. The response may depend on whether C is unprotected, isolated within aggregates, or protected from decomposition by mineral associations. Here, we present a global synthesis of the relative influence of environmental factors on soil organic C partitioning among pools, abundance in each pool (mg C g-1 soil), and persistence (as approximated by radiocarbon abundance) in relatively unprotected particulate and protected mineral-bound pools. We show that C within particulate and mineral-associated pools consistently differed from one another in degree of persistence and relationship to environmental factors. Soil depth was the best predictor of C abundance and persistence, though it accounted for more variance in persistence. Persistence of all C pools decreased with increasing mean annual temperature (MAT) throughout the soil profile, whereas persistence increased with increasing wetness index (MAP/PET) in subsurface soils (30-176 cm). The relationship of C abundance (mg C g-1 soil) to climate varied among pools and with depth. Mineral-associated C in surface soils (<30 cm) increased more strongly with increasing wetness index than the free particulate C, but both pools showed attenuated responses to the wetness index at depth. Overall, these relationships suggest a strong influence of climate on soil C properties, and a potential loss of soil C from protected pools in areas with decreasing wetness. Relative persistence and abundance of C pools varied significantly among land cover types and soil parent material lithologies. This variability in each pool's relationship to environmental factors suggests that not all soil organic C is equally vulnerable to global change. Therefore, projections of future soil organic C based on patterns and responses of bulk soil organic C may be misleading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Heckman
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Corey R Lawrence
- U.S. Geological Survey, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Craig Rasmussen
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Susan E Crow
- Natural Resources and Environmental Management Department, University of Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Alison M Hoyt
- Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
- Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Sophie F von Fromm
- Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zheng Shi
- Computational Sciences & Engineering Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Shane Stoner
- Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Casey McGrath
- Natural Resources and Environmental Management Department, University of Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Jeffrey Beem-Miller
- Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Asmeret Asefaw Berhe
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Merced, California, USA
| | - Joseph C Blankinship
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Marco Keiluweit
- School of Earth & Sustainability and Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erika Marín-Spiotta
- Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - J Grey Monroe
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Alain F Plante
- Department of Earth & Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua Schimel
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Carlos A Sierra
- Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aaron Thompson
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences and the Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Rota Wagai
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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17
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He M, Fang K, Chen L, Feng X, Qin S, Kou D, He H, Liang C, Yang Y. Depth-dependent drivers of soil microbial necromass carbon across Tibetan alpine grasslands. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:936-949. [PMID: 34726326 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microbial necromass carbon (C) has been considered an important contributor to persistent soil C pool. However, there still lacks large-scale systematic observations on microbial necromass C in different soil layers, particularly for alpine ecosystems. Besides, it is still unclear whether the relative importance of biotic and abiotic variables such as plant C input and mineral properties in regulating microbial necromass C would change with soil depth. Based on the combination of large-scale sampling along a ~2200 km transect across Tibetan alpine grasslands and biomarker analysis, together with a global data synthesis across grassland ecosystems, we observed a relatively low proportion of microbial-derived C in Tibetan alpine grasslands compared to global grasslands (topsoil: 45.4% vs. 58.1%; subsoil: 41.7% vs. 53.7%). We also found that major determinants of microbial necromass C depended on soil depth. In topsoil, both plant C input and mineral protection exerted dominant effects on microbial necromass C. However, in subsoil, the physico-chemical protection provided by soil clay particles, iron-aluminum oxides, and exchangeable calcium dominantly facilitated the preservation of microbial necromass C. The differential drivers over microbial necromass C between soil depths should be considered in Earth system models for accurately forecasting soil C dynamics and its potential feedback to global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei He
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Leiyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuehui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hongbo He
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanhe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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18
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Total nitrogen influence bacterial community structure of active layer permafrost across summer and winter seasons in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:28. [PMID: 34989908 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The permafrost in the polar regions is vital for maintaining the status quo of the earth's climate by limiting greenhouse gas emissions. The present study aims to investigate the seasonal variations and the influence of physicochemical parameters on the bacterial diversity and community structure of active layer permafrost (AL) around Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. The AL soil samples were collected from four different geographical locations around Ny-Ålesund during the winter and summer seasons. The 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing was carried out to investigate the diversity and distribution profiles of bacterial communities among the collected AL samples. Physico-chemical parameters including soil pH, moisture content, total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), and trace metals concentrations were measured. Bacterial phyla, Proteobacteria (15.4%-26%) and Chloroflexi (9.6%-22.5%) were predominantly distributed across both seasons. In the winter samples, Verrucomicrobiota (14.12%-23.39%) phylum, consisting of genera Chthoniobacter and Opitutus were highly abundant (Lefse, p < 0.05), whereas in summer bacterial genera belonging to Gemmatimonadota (3.3%-13.74%) and Acidobacteriota (18.02%-28.52%) phyla were highly abundant. The bacterial richness and diversity index were not significantly different between the winter and summer seasons. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) has revealed a distinct grouping between two seasons (PERMANOVA, p < 0.05). Bacterial community structure was significantly varied between winter and summer seasons, whereas the physico-chemical variable, TN, influenced the community structure. About 37.8% of the total operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were shared between seasons, whereas 25.4% and 36.8% of OTUs were unique to the summer and winter seasons. The present study revealed that the conditions prevailing during winter and summer has shaped bacterial community structure in AL samples albeit the stable diversity and most of the variation was explained by TN, indicating its critical role in oligotrophic permafrost.
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19
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Qin S, Kou D, Mao C, Chen Y, Chen L, Yang Y. Temperature sensitivity of permafrost carbon release mediated by mineral and microbial properties. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabe3596. [PMID: 34362729 PMCID: PMC8346221 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe3596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Temperature sensitivity (Q 10) of permafrost carbon (C) release upon thaw is a vital parameter for projecting permafrost C dynamics under climate warming. However, it remains unclear how mineral protection interacts with microbial properties and intrinsic recalcitrance to affect permafrost C fate. Here, we sampled permafrost soils across a 1000-km transect on the Tibetan Plateau and conducted two laboratory incubations over 400- and 28-day durations to explore patterns and drivers of permafrost C release and its temperature response after thaw. We find that mineral protection and microbial properties are two types of crucial predictors of permafrost C dynamics upon thaw. Both high C release and Q 10 are associated with weak organo-mineral associations but high microbial abundances and activities, whereas high microbial diversity corresponds to low Q 10 The attenuating effects of mineral protection and the dual roles of microbial properties would make the permafrost C-climate feedback more complex than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dan Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Biogeochemistry Research Group, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70210, Finland
| | - Chao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Leiyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yuanhe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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20
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Tian Q, Jiang Y, Tang Y, Wu Y, Tang Z, Liu F. Soil pH and Organic Carbon Properties Drive Soil Bacterial Communities in Surface and Deep Layers Along an Elevational Gradient. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:646124. [PMID: 34394018 PMCID: PMC8363232 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.646124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevational gradients strongly affect the spatial distribution and structure of soil bacterial communities. However, our understanding of the effects and determining factors is still limited, especially in the deep soil layer. Here, we investigated the diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities in different soil layers along a 1,500-m elevational gradient in the Taibai Mountain. The variables associated with climate conditions, plant communities, and soil properties were analyzed to assess their contributions to the variations in bacterial communities. Soil bacterial richness and α-diversity showed a hump-shaped trend with elevation in both surface and deep layers. In the surface layer, pH was the main factor driving the elevational pattern in bacterial diversity, while in the deep layer, pH and soil carbon (C) availability were the two main predictors. Bacterial community composition differed significantly along the elevational gradient in all soil layers. In the surface layer, Acidobacteria, Delta-proteobacteria, and Planctomycetes were significantly more abundant in the lower elevation sites than in the higher elevation sites; and Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, and Beta-proteobacteria were more abundant in the higher elevation sites. In the deep layer, AD3 was most abundant in the highest elevation site. The elevational pattern of community composition co-varied with mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, diversity and basal area of trees, pH, soil C availability, and soil C fractions. Statistical results showed that pH was the main driver of the elevational pattern of the bacterial community composition in the surface soil layer, while soil C fractions contributed more to the variance of the bacterial composition in the deep soil layer. These results indicated that changes in soil bacterial communities along the elevational gradient were driven by soil properties in both surface and deep soil layers, which are critical for predicting ecosystem functions under future climate change scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyao Tang
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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21
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Varsadiya M, Urich T, Hugelius G, Bárta J. Microbiome structure and functional potential in permafrost soils of the Western Canadian Arctic. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 97:6102547. [PMID: 33452882 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Substantial amounts of topsoil organic matter (OM) in Arctic Cryosols have been translocated by the process of cryoturbation into deeper soil horizons (cryoOM), reducing its decomposition. Recent Arctic warming deepens the Cryosols´ active layer, making more topsoil and cryoOM carbon accessible for microbial transformation. To quantify bacteria, archaea and selected microbial groups (methanogens - mcrA gene and diazotrophs - nifH gene) and to investigate bacterial and archaeal diversity, we collected 83 soil samples from four different soil horizons of three distinct tundra types located in Qikiqtaruk (Hershel Island, Western Canada). In general, the abundance of bacteria and diazotrophs decreased from topsoil to permafrost, but not for cryoOM. No such difference was observed for archaea and methanogens. CryoOM was enriched with oligotrophic (slow-growing microorganism) taxa capable of recalcitrant OM degradation. We found distinct microbial patterns in each tundra type: topsoil from wet-polygonal tundra had the lowest abundance of bacteria and diazotrophs, but the highest abundance of methanogens. Wet-polygonal tundra, therefore, represented a hotspot for methanogenesis. Oligotrophic and copiotrophic (fast-growing microorganism) genera of methanogens and diazotrophs were distinctly distributed in topsoil and cryoOM, resulting in different rates of nitrogen flux into these horizons affecting OM vulnerability and potential CO2 and CH4 release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Varsadiya
- Department of Ecosystems Biology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tim Urich
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 8 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gustaf Hugelius
- Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jiří Bárta
- Department of Ecosystems Biology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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22
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Chen L, Fang K, Wei B, Qin S, Feng X, Hu T, Ji C, Yang Y. Soil carbon persistence governed by plant input and mineral protection at regional and global scales. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:1018-1028. [PMID: 33709557 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the processes underlying the persistence of soil organic matter (SOM) is a prerequisite for projecting soil carbon feedback to climate change. However, the potential role of plant carbon input in regulating the multi-layer SOM preservation over broad geographic scales remains unclear. Based on large-scale soil radiocarbon (∆14 C) measurements on the Tibetan Plateau, we found that plant carbon input was the major contributor to topsoil carbon destabilisation despite the significant associations of topsoil ∆14 C with climatic and mineral variables as well as SOM chemical composition. By contrast, mineral protection by iron-aluminium oxides and cations became more important in preserving SOM in deep soils. These regional observations were confirmed by a global synthesis derived from the International Soil Radiocarbon Database (ISRaD). Our findings illustrate different effects of plant carbon input on SOM persistence across soil layers, providing new insights for models to better predict multi-layer soil carbon dynamics under changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Kai Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuehui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tianyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Chengjun Ji
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuanhe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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23
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Reduced Organic Carbon Content during the Evolvement of Calcareous Soils in Karst Region. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) storage is important for accurately predicting ecosystem C sequestration and/or potential C losses, but the relevant information, especially for the evolvement of calcareous soil is limited in karst regions. Three calcareous soils with different evolvement intensities were sampled from an evergreen broadleaved forest in the subtropical region of southwest of China to investigate the changes in different SOC fractions and microbial communities. The results showed that: (1) The contents of SOC, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), mineral protected organic carbon (MOC), and recalcitrant organic carbon (ROC) significantly decreased with increasing evolvement intensity of calcareous soil, but pH and the chemical composition of SOC, including Alkyl C, O-alkyl C, Aromatic C, and Carbonyl C, did not significantly change, suggesting that various SOC fractions synergistically decrease with the evolvement of calcareous soil. (2) The evolvement of calcareous soil had a substantial negative effect on total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), bacteria (i.e., Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria), fungi, and actinomycetes, but did not affect the ratio of fungi to bacteria. This result supported the conclusion that various SOC fractions were synchronously loss with the evolvement of calcareous soil. (3) Results from the multivariate statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between SOC fractions (including SOC, DOC, MOC, and ROC) and soil base cations, mainly calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), and aluminum (Al). This strengthens the fact that SOC stability largely depends on the complex relationship between organic matter and mineral composition in soil. Taken together, the reduction of SOC during the evolvement of soil in the karst areas accords with some mechanisms of previous studies (e.g., microbial composition and soil geochemistry), and also has its own unique characteristics (e.g., the relative contribution of carbons to chemical shift regions of CPMAS 13C-NMR spectra and F:B ratio).
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24
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Flanagan NE, Wang H, Winton S, Richardson CJ. Low-severity fire as a mechanism of organic matter protection in global peatlands: Thermal alteration slows decomposition. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:3930-3946. [PMID: 32388914 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, regularly recurring wildfires shape many peatland ecosystems to the extent that fire-adapted species often dominate plant communities, suggesting that wildfire is an integral part of peatland ecology rather than an anomaly. The most destructive blazes are smoldering fires that are usually initiated in periods of drought and can combust entire peatland carbon stores. However, peatland wildfires more typically occur as low-severity surface burns that arise in the dormant season when vegetation is desiccated, and soil moisture is high. In such low-severity fires, surface layers experience flash heating, but there is little loss of underlying peat to combustion. This study examines the potential importance of such processes in several peatlands that span a gradient from hemiboreal to tropical ecozones and experience a wide range of fire return intervals. We show that low-severity fires can increase the pool of stable soil carbon by thermally altering the chemistry of soil organic matter (SOM), thereby reducing rates of microbial respiration. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared, we demonstrate that low-severity fires significantly increase the degree of carbon condensation and aromatization of SOM functional groups, particularly on the surface of peat aggregates. Laboratory incubations show lower CO2 emissions from peat subjected to low-severity fire and predict lower cumulative CO2 emissions from burned peat after 1-3 years. Also, low-severity fires reduce the temperature sensitivity (Q10 ) of peat, indicating that these fires can inhibit microbial access to SOM. The increased stability of thermally altered SOM may allow a greater proportion of organic matter to survive vertical migration into saturated and anaerobic zones of peatlands where environmental conditions physiochemically protect carbon stores from decomposition for thousands of years. Thus, across latitudes, low-severity fire is an overlooked factor influencing carbon cycling in peatlands, which is relevant to global carbon budgets as climate change alters fire regimes worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal E Flanagan
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University Wetland Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University Wetland Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Scott Winton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University Wetland Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | - Curtis J Richardson
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University Wetland Center, Durham, NC, USA
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25
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Wang Y, Ma A, Liu G, Ma J, Wei J, Zhou H, Brandt KK, Zhuang G. Potential feedback mediated by soil microbiome response to warming in a glacier forefield. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:697-708. [PMID: 31782204 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mountain glaciers are retreating at an unprecedented rate due to global warming. Glacier retreat is widely believed to be driven by the physiochemical characteristics of glacier surfaces; however, the current knowledge of such biological drivers remains limited. An estimated 130 Tg of organic carbon (OC) is stored in mountain glaciers globally. As a result of global warming, the accelerated microbial decomposition of OC may further accelerate the melting process of mountain glaciers by heat production with the release of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and methane. Here, using short-term aerobic incubation data from the forefield of Urumqi Glacier No. 1, we assessed the potential climate feedback mediated by soil microbiomes at temperatures of 5°C (control), 6.2°C (RCP 2.6), 11°C (RCP 8.5), and 15°C (extreme temperature). We observed enhanced CO2 -C release and heat production under warming conditions, which led to an increase in near-surface (2 m) atmospheric temperatures, ranging from 0.9°C to 3.4°C. Warming significantly changed the structures of the RNA-derived (active) and DNA-derived (total) soil microbiomes, and active microbes were more sensitive to increased temperatures than total microbes. Considering the positive effects of temperature and deglaciation age on the CO2 -C release rate, the alterations in the active microbial community structure had a negative impact on the increased CO2 -C release rate. Our results revealed that glacial melting could potentially be significantly accelerated by heat production from increased microbial decomposition of OC. This risk might be true for other high-altitude glaciers under emerging warming, thus improving the predictions of the effects of potential feedback on global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwan Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, China
| | - Anzhou Ma
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guohua Liu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianpeng Ma
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hanchang Zhou
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kristian Koefoed Brandt
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhuang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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26
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Heslop JK, Walter Anthony KM, Grosse G, Liebner S, Winkel M. Century-scale time since permafrost thaw affects temperature sensitivity of net methane production in thermokarst-lake and talik sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 691:124-134. [PMID: 31319250 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Permafrost thaw subjects previously frozen soil organic carbon (SOC) to microbial degradation to the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). Emission of these gases constitutes a positive feedback to climate warming. Among numerous uncertainties in estimating the strength of this permafrost carbon feedback (PCF), two are: (i) how mineralization of permafrost SOC thawed in saturated anaerobic conditions responds to changes in temperature and (ii) how microbial communities and temperature sensitivities change over time since thaw. To address these uncertainties, we utilized a thermokarst-lake sediment core as a natural chronosequence where SOC thawed and incubated in situ under saturated anaerobic conditions for up to 400 years following permafrost thaw. Initial microbial communities were characterized, and sediments were anaerobically incubated in the lab at four temperatures (0 °C, 3 °C, 10 °C, and 25 °C) bracketing those observed in the lake's talik. Net CH4 production in freshly-thawed sediments near the downward-expanding thaw boundary at the base of the talik were most sensitive to warming at the lower incubation temperatures (0 °C to 3 °C), while the overlying sediments which had been thawed for centuries had initial low abundant methanogenic communities (< 0.02%) and did not experience statistically significant increases in net CH4 production potentials until higher incubation temperatures (10 °C to 25 °C). We propose these observed differences in temperature sensitivities are due to differences in SOM quality and functional microbial community composition that evolve over time; however further research is necessary to better constrain the roles of these factors in determining temperature controls on anaerobic C mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Heslop
- Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, USA.
| | - K M Walter Anthony
- Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, USA
| | - G Grosse
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - S Liebner
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 3.7 Geomicrobiology, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Germany
| | - M Winkel
- Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, USA; GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Section 3.7 Geomicrobiology, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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27
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Chen L, Liu L, Qin S, Yang G, Fang K, Zhu B, Kuzyakov Y, Chen P, Xu Y, Yang Y. Regulation of priming effect by soil organic matter stability over a broad geographic scale. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5112. [PMID: 31704929 PMCID: PMC6841703 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13119-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The modification of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition by plant carbon (C) input (priming effect) represents a critical biogeochemical process that controls soil C dynamics. However, the patterns and drivers of the priming effect remain hidden, especially over broad geographic scales under various climate and soil conditions. By combining systematic field and laboratory analyses based on multiple analytical and statistical approaches, we explore the determinants of priming intensity along a 2200 km grassland transect on the Tibetan Plateau. Our results show that SOM stability characterized by chemical recalcitrance and physico-chemical protection explains more variance in the priming effect than plant, soil and microbial properties. High priming intensity (up to 137% of basal respiration) is associated with complex SOM chemical structures and low mineral-organic associations. The dependence of priming effect on SOM stabilization mechanisms should be considered in Earth System Models to accurately predict soil C dynamics under changing environments. Global soil carbon dynamics are regulated by the modification of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition by plant carbon input (priming effect). Here, the authors collect soil data along a 2200 km grassland transect on the Tibetan Plateau and find that SOM stability is the major control on priming effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guibiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kai Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Agro-Technological Institute, RUDN University, Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Pengdong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China.,College of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yunping Xu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hadal Science and Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yuanhe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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28
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Tundra microbial community taxa and traits predict decomposition parameters of stable, old soil organic carbon. ISME JOURNAL 2019; 13:2901-2915. [PMID: 31384013 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0485-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The susceptibility of soil organic carbon (SOC) in tundra to microbial decomposition under warmer climate scenarios potentially threatens a massive positive feedback to climate change, but the underlying mechanisms of stable SOC decomposition remain elusive. Herein, Alaskan tundra soils from three depths (a fibric O horizon with litter and course roots, an O horizon with decomposing litter and roots, and a mineral-organic mix, laying just above the permafrost) were incubated. Resulting respiration data were assimilated into a 3-pool model to derive decomposition kinetic parameters for fast, slow, and passive SOC pools. Bacterial, archaeal, and fungal taxa and microbial functional genes were profiled throughout the 3-year incubation. Correlation analyses and a Random Forest approach revealed associations between model parameters and microbial community profiles, taxa, and traits. There were more associations between the microbial community data and the SOC decomposition parameters of slow and passive SOC pools than those of the fast SOC pool. Also, microbial community profiles were better predictors of model parameters in deeper soils, which had higher mineral contents and relatively greater quantities of old SOC than in surface soils. Overall, our analyses revealed the functional potential of microbial communities to decompose tundra SOC through a suite of specialized genes and taxa. These results portray divergent strategies by which microbial communities access SOC pools across varying depths, lending mechanistic insights into the vulnerability of what is considered stable SOC in tundra regions.
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29
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Luláková P, Perez-Mon C, Šantrůčková H, Ruethi J, Frey B. High-Alpine Permafrost and Active-Layer Soil Microbiomes Differ in Their Response to Elevated Temperatures. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:668. [PMID: 31001236 PMCID: PMC6456652 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The response of microbial communities to the predicted rising temperatures in alpine regions might be an important part of the ability of these ecosystems to deal with climate change. Soil microbial communities might be significantly affected by elevated temperatures, which influence the functioning of soils within high-alpine ecosystems. To evaluate the potential of the permafrost microbiome to adapt to short-term moderate and extreme warming, we set up an incubation experiment with permafrost and active soil layers from northern and southern slopes of a high-alpine mountain ridge on Muot da Barba Peider in the Swiss Alps. Soils were acclimated to increasing temperatures (4–40°C) for 26 days before being exposed to a heat shock treatment of 40°C for 4 days. Alpha-diversity in all soils increased slightly under gradual warming, from 4 to 25°C, but then dropped considerably at 40°C. Similarly, heat shock induced strong changes in microbial community structures and functioning in the active layer of soils from both northern and southern slope aspects. In contrast, permafrost soils showed only minor changes in their microbial community structures and no changes in their functioning, except regarding specific respiration activity. Shifts in microbial community structures with increasing temperature were significantly more pronounced for bacteria than for fungi, regardless of the soil origin, suggesting higher resistance of high-alpine fungi to short-term warming. Firmicutes, mainly represented by Tumebacillus and Alicyclobacillaceae OTUs, increased strongly at 40°C in active layer soils, reaching almost 50% of the total abundance. In contrast, Saccharibacteria decreased significantly with increasing temperature across all soil samples. Overall, our study highlights the divergent responses of fungal and bacterial communities to increased temperature. Fungi were highly resistant to increased temperatures compared to bacteria, and permafrost communities showed surprisingly low response to rising temperature. The unique responses were related to both site aspect and soil origin indicating that distinct differences within high-alpine soils may be driven by substrate limitation and legacy effects of soil temperatures at the field site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Luláková
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Carla Perez-Mon
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Hana Šantrůčková
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Joel Ruethi
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Beat Frey
- Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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30
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Anaerobic Methane Oxidation in High-Arctic Alaskan Peatlands as a Significant Control on Net CH4 Fluxes. SOIL SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems3010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Terrestrial consumption of the potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4) is a critical aspect of the future climate, as CH4 concentrations in the atmosphere are projected to play an increasingly important role in global climate forcing. Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) has only recently been considered a relevant control on methane fluxes from terrestrial systems. We performed in vitro anoxic incubations of intact peat from Utqiaġvik (Barrow), Alaska using stable isotope tracers. Our results showed an average potential AOM rate of 15.0 nmol cm3 h−1, surpassing the average rate of gross CH4 production (6.0 nmol cm3 h−1). AOM and CH4 production rates were positively correlated. While CH4 production was insensitive to additions of Fe(III), there was a depth:Fe(III) interaction in the kinetic reaction rate constant for AOM, suggestive of stimulation by Fe(III), particularly in shallow soils (<10 cm). We estimate AOM would consume 25–34% of CH4 produced under ambient conditions. Soil genetic surveys showed phylogenetic links between soil microbes and known anaerobic methanotrophs in ANME groups 2 and 3. These results suggest a prevalent role of AOM to net CH4 fluxes from Arctic peatland ecosystems, and a probable link with Fe(III)-reduction.
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Broad-Scale Patterns of Soil Carbon (C) Pools and Fluxes Across Semiarid Ecosystems are Linked to Climate and Soil Texture. Ecosystems 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-018-0299-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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