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Wasilewska A, Grabowska M, Moskalik-Kierat D, Brzoza M, Laudański P, Garley M. Immunological Aspects of Infertility-The Role of KIR Receptors and HLA-C Antigen. Cells 2023; 13:59. [PMID: 38201263 PMCID: PMC10778566 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of immune tolerance of a mother against an antigenically foreign fetus without a concomitant loss of defense capabilities against pathogens are the factors underlying the success of a pregnancy. A significant role in human defense is played by killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) receptors, which regulate the function of the natural killer (NK) cells capable of destroying antigenically foreign cells, virus-infected cells, or tumor-lesioned cells. A special subpopulation of NK cells called uterine NK cells (uNK) is found in the uterus. Disruption of the tolerance process or overactivity of immune-competent cells can lead to immune infertility, a situation in which a woman's immune system attacks her own reproductive cells, making it impossible to conceive or maintain a pregnancy. Since the prominent role of the inflammatory response in infertility, including KIR receptors and NK cells, has been postulated, the process of antigen presentation involving major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules (HLA) appears to be crucial for a successful pregnancy. Proper interactions between KIR receptors on female uNK cells and HLA class I molecules, with a predominant role for HLA-C, found on the surface of germ cells, are strategically important during embryo implantation. In addition, maintaining a functional balance between activating and inhibitory KIR receptors is essential for proper placenta formation and embryo implantation in the uterus. A disruption of this balance can lead to complications during pregnancy. The discovery of links between KIR and HLA-C has provided valuable information about the complexity of maternal-fetal immune interactions that determine the success of a pregnancy. The great diversity of maternal KIR and fetal HLA-C ligands is associated with the occurrence of KIR/HLA-C combinations that are more or less favorable for reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wasilewska
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.)
| | - Marcelina Grabowska
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.)
| | - Dominika Moskalik-Kierat
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.)
| | - Martyna Brzoza
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (A.W.)
| | - Piotr Laudański
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- Women’s Health Research Institute, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland
- OVIklinika Infertility Center, 01-377 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Garley
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland
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2
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Meazza R, Ruggeri L, Guolo F, Minetto P, Canevali P, Loiacono F, Ciardelli S, Bo A, Luchetti S, Serio A, Zannoni L, Retière C, Colomar-Carando N, Parisi S, Curti A, Lemoli RM, Pende D. Donor selection for adoptive immunotherapy with NK cells in AML patients: Comparison between analysis of lytic NK cell clones and phenotypical identification of alloreactive NK cell repertoire. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1111419. [PMID: 36865545 PMCID: PMC9971917 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1111419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell-based adoptive immunotherapy in leukemia patients is an emerging field of interest based on clinical evidence of efficacy and safety. Elderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients have been successfully treated with NK cells from HLA-haploidentical donors, especially when high amounts of alloreactive NK cells were infused. The aim of this study was comparing two approaches to define the size of alloreactive NK cells in haploidentical donors for AML patients recruited in two clinical trials with the acronym "NK-AML" (NCT03955848), and "MRD-NK". The standard methodology was based on the frequency of NK cell clones capable of lysing the related patient-derived cells. The alternative approach consisted of the phenotypic identification of freshly derived NK cells expressing, as inhibitory receptors, only the inhibitory KIR(s) specific for the mismatched KIR-Ligand(s) (HLA-C1, HLA-C2, HLA-Bw4). However, in KIR2DS2+ donors and HLA-C1+ patients, the unavailability of reagents staining only the inhibitory counterpart (KIR2DL2/L3) may lead to an underestimated identification of the alloreactive NK cell subset. Conversely, in the case of HLA-C1 mismatch, the alloreactive NK cell subset could be overestimated due to the ability of KIR2DL2/L3 to recognize with low-affinity also HLA-C2. Especially in this context, the additional exclusion of LIR1-expressing cells might be relevant to refine the size of the alloreactive NK cell subset. We could also associate degranulation assays, using as effector cells IL-2 activated donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) or NK cells upon co-culture with the related patient target cells. The donor alloreactive NK cell subset always displayed the highest functional activity, confirming its identification accuracy by flow cytometry. Despite the phenotypic limitations and considering the proposed corrective actions, a good correlation was shown by the comparison of the two investigated approaches. In addition, the characterization of receptor expression on a fraction of NK cell clones revealed expected but also few unexpected patterns. Thus, in most instances, the quantification of phenotypically defined alloreactive NK cells from PBMC can provide data similar to the analysis of lytic clones, with several advantages, such as a shorter time to achieve the results and, perhaps, higher reproducibility/feasibility in many laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Meazza
- Unità Operativa UO Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy,*Correspondence: Raffaella Meazza, ; Daniela Pende,
| | - Loredana Ruggeri
- Divisione di Ematologia e Immunologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Fabio Guolo
- Clinica di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna (DiMI), Università degli studi di Genova, Genova, Italy,Dipartimento di Ematologia e Oncologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Minetto
- Dipartimento di Ematologia e Oncologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Canevali
- Unità Operativa UO Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Loiacono
- Unità Operativa UO Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Sara Ciardelli
- Divisione di Ematologia e Immunologia Clinica, Dipartimento di Medicina, Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bo
- Laboratorio Centro Cellule Staminali e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Luchetti
- Laboratorio Centro Cellule Staminali e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Serio
- Laboratorio Centro Cellule Staminali e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Letizia Zannoni
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christelle Retière
- Université de Nantes, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Cancé rologie et Immunologie Intégrée Nantes Angers (CRCI2NA), Nantes, France
| | | | - Sarah Parisi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli”, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Curti
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli”, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto M. Lemoli
- Clinica di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna (DiMI), Università degli studi di Genova, Genova, Italy,Dipartimento di Ematologia e Oncologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Daniela Pende
- Unità Operativa UO Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy,*Correspondence: Raffaella Meazza, ; Daniela Pende,
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David G, Willem C, Legrand N, Djaoud Z, Mérieau P, Walencik A, Guillaume T, Gagne K, Chevallier P, Retière C. Deciphering the biology of KIR2DL3 + T lymphocytes that are associated to relapse in haploidentical HSCT. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15782. [PMID: 34349169 PMCID: PMC8338934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95245-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
KIR are mainly expressed on NK cells and to a lesser extent on T lymphocytes. Although the KIR NK cell repertoire was well explored in haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT), KIR T cell compartment remains to be investigated in this context. In this study, the investigation of NK receptors on T lymphocytes during immune reconstitution after T-cell-replete haploidentical HSCT with Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide (PTCy) has shown a significant increase of KIR2DL2/3+ T cell frequency at day 25. This was especially observed at day 30 in recipients who relapsed. IL-15 but not IL-12 increased in vitro KIR+ T cell expansion suggesting that the raised IL-15 serum concentration observed after PTCy in haploidentical HSCT might increase KIR+ T cell frequency. Moreover, investigations from healthy blood donors showed a higher inhibiting effect of KIR2DL3 on CMV specific T cell response against allogeneic than autologous C1+ target cells. The association of KIR+ T cell subset with relapse may suggest that inhibitory KIR2DL2/3 limit anti-leukemic effect of specific T lymphocytes at this early step of immune reconstitution. Further phenotypic and mechanistic investigations on this cell subset from a broader cohort of HSCT recipients should clarify its potential implication in relapse occurrence. Our results demonstrate that KIR-HLA interactions known to modulate NK cell functions also modulate T cell immune responses in the context of allogeneic HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle David
- Etablissement Français du Sang-Pays de la Loire, Blood Bank, 34 boulevard Jean Monnet, 44011, Nantes Cedex 01, France
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44000, Nantes, France
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Catherine Willem
- Etablissement Français du Sang-Pays de la Loire, Blood Bank, 34 boulevard Jean Monnet, 44011, Nantes Cedex 01, France
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44000, Nantes, France
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Nolwenn Legrand
- Etablissement Français du Sang-Pays de la Loire, Blood Bank, 34 boulevard Jean Monnet, 44011, Nantes Cedex 01, France
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44000, Nantes, France
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Zakia Djaoud
- Etablissement Français du Sang-Pays de la Loire, Blood Bank, 34 boulevard Jean Monnet, 44011, Nantes Cedex 01, France
| | - Pierre Mérieau
- Etablissement Français du Sang-Pays de la Loire, Blood Bank, 34 boulevard Jean Monnet, 44011, Nantes Cedex 01, France
| | - Alexandre Walencik
- Etablissement Français du Sang-Pays de la Loire, Blood Bank, 34 boulevard Jean Monnet, 44011, Nantes Cedex 01, France
- LabEx Transplantex, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thierry Guillaume
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44000, Nantes, France
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", 44000, Nantes, France
- Hematology Clinic, CHU, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Katia Gagne
- Etablissement Français du Sang-Pays de la Loire, Blood Bank, 34 boulevard Jean Monnet, 44011, Nantes Cedex 01, France
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44000, Nantes, France
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", 44000, Nantes, France
- LabEx Transplantex, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrice Chevallier
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44000, Nantes, France
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", 44000, Nantes, France
- Hematology Clinic, CHU, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Christelle Retière
- Etablissement Français du Sang-Pays de la Loire, Blood Bank, 34 boulevard Jean Monnet, 44011, Nantes Cedex 01, France.
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, 44000, Nantes, France.
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", 44000, Nantes, France.
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Relevance of Polymorphic KIR and HLA Class I Genes in NK-Cell-Based Immunotherapies for Adult Leukemic Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153767. [PMID: 34359667 PMCID: PMC8345033 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Immunotherapies are promising approaches to curing different acute leukemias. Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that are efficient in the elimination of leukemic cells. NK-cell-based immunotherapies are particularly attractive, but the landscape of the heterogeneity of NK cells must be deciphered. This review provides an overview of the polymorphic KIR and HLA class I genes that modulate the NK cell repertoire and how these markers can improve the outcomes of patients with acute leukemia. A better knowledge of these genetic markers that are linked to NK cell subsets that are efficient against hematological diseases will optimize hematopoietic stem-cell donor selection and NK immunotherapy design. Abstract Since the mid-1990s, the biology and functions of natural killer (NK) cells have been deeply investigated in healthy individuals and in people with diseases. These effector cells play a particularly crucial role after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) through their graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect, which is mainly mediated through polymorphic killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their cognates, HLA class I ligands. In this review, we present how KIRs and HLA class I ligands modulate the structural formation and the functional education of NK cells. In particular, we decipher the current knowledge about the extent of KIR and HLA class I gene polymorphisms, as well as their expression, interaction, and functional impact on the KIR+ NK cell repertoire in a physiological context and in a leukemic context. In addition, we present the impact of NK cell alloreactivity on the outcomes of HSCT in adult patients with acute leukemia, as well as a description of genetic models of KIRs and NK cell reconstitution, with a focus on emergent T-cell-repleted haplo-identical HSCT using cyclosphosphamide post-grafting (haplo-PTCy). Then, we document how the immunogenetics of KIR/HLA and the immunobiology of NK cells could improve the relapse incidence after haplo-PTCy. Ultimately, we review the emerging NK-cell-based immunotherapies for leukemic patients in addition to HSCT.
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Toledo E, Le Saux G, Edri A, Li L, Rosenberg M, Keidar Y, Bhingardive V, Radinsky O, Hadad U, Di Primo C, Buffeteau T, Smith AS, Porgador A, Schvartzman M. Molecular-scale spatio-chemical control of the activating-inhibitory signal integration in NK cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/24/eabc1640. [PMID: 34117052 PMCID: PMC8195486 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc1640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The role of juxtaposition of activating and inhibitory receptors in signal inhibition of cytotoxic lymphocytes remains strongly debated. The challenge lies in the lack of tools that allow simultaneous spatial manipulation of signaling molecules. To circumvent this, we produced a nanoengineered multifunctional platform with molecular-scale spatial control of ligands, which was applied to elucidate KIR2DL1-mediated inhibition of NKG2D signaling-receptors of natural killer cells. This platform was conceived by bimetallic nanodot patterning with molecular-scale registry, followed by a ternary functionalization with distinct moieties. We found that a 40-nm gap between activating and inhibitory ligands provided optimal inhibitory conditions. Supported by theoretical modeling, we interpret these findings as a consequence of the size mismatch and conformational flexibility of ligands in their spatial interaction. This highly versatile approach provides an important insight into the spatial mechanism of inhibitory immune checkpoints, which is essential for the rational design of future immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esti Toledo
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Guillaume Le Saux
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel.
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Avishay Edri
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Long Li
- Department of Physics, IZNF, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Maor Rosenberg
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Yossi Keidar
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Viraj Bhingardive
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Olga Radinsky
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Uzi Hadad
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Carmelo Di Primo
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM U1212, UMR CNRS 5320, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France
| | | | - Ana-Sunčana Smith
- Department of Physics, IZNF, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Group for Computational Life Sciences, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Angel Porgador
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Mark Schvartzman
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel.
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
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6
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Rettman P, Blunt MD, Fulton RJ, Vallejo AF, Bastidas-Legarda LY, España-Serrano L, Polak ME, Al-Shamkhani A, Retiere C, Khakoo SI. Peptide: MHC-based DNA vaccination strategy to activate natural killer cells by targeting killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e001912. [PMID: 34016721 PMCID: PMC8141441 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural killer (NK) cells are increasingly being recognized as agents for cancer immunotherapy. The killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are expressed by NK cells and are immunogenetic determinants of the outcome of cancer. In particular, KIR2DS2 is associated with protective responses to several cancers and also direct recognition of cancer targets in vitro. Due to the high homology between activating and inhibitory KIR genes to date, it has been challenging to target individual KIR for therapeutic benefit. METHODS A novel KIR2DS2-targeting therapeutic peptide:MHC DNA vaccine was designed and used to immunize mice transgenic for KIR genes (KIR-Tg). NK cells were isolated from the livers and spleens of vaccinated mice and then analyzed for activation by flow cytometry, RNA profiling and cytotoxicity assays. In vivo assays of NK cell function using a syngeneic cancer model (B16 melanoma) and an adoptive transfer model for human hepatocellular carcinoma (Huh7) were performed. RESULTS Injecting KIR-Tg mice with the vaccine construct activated NK cells in both liver and spleens of mice, with preferential activation of KIR2DS2-positive NK cells. KIR-specific activation was most marked on the CD11b+CD27+ mature subset of NK cells. RNA profiling indicated that the DNA vaccine upregulated genes associated with cellular metabolism and downregulated genes related to histone H3 methylation, which are associated with immune cell maturation and NK cell function. Vaccination led to canonical and cross-reactive peptide:MHC-specific NK cell responses. In vivo, DNA vaccination led to enhanced antitumor responses against B16F10 melanoma cells and also enhanced responses against a tumor model expressing the KIR2DS2 ligand HLA-C*0102. CONCLUSION We show the feasibility of a peptide-based KIR-targeting vaccine strategy to activate NK cells and hence generate functional antitumor responses. This approach does not require detailed knowledge of the tumor peptidomes nor HLA matching with the patient. It therefore offers a novel opportunity for targeting NK cells for cancer immunotherapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Cancer Vaccines/genetics
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/drug effects
- HLA-C Antigens/administration & dosage
- HLA-C Antigens/genetics
- HLA-C Antigens/immunology
- Haplotypes
- Humans
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/immunology
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/drug therapy
- Melanoma, Experimental/genetics
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Peptides/administration & dosage
- Peptides/genetics
- Peptides/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Receptors, KIR/genetics
- Receptors, KIR/immunology
- Receptors, KIR/metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Skin Neoplasms/genetics
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/metabolism
- Vaccination
- Vaccines, DNA/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, DNA/genetics
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Rettman
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Matthew D Blunt
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Rebecca J Fulton
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Andres F Vallejo
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Leidy Y Bastidas-Legarda
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Laura España-Serrano
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Marta E Polak
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Aymen Al-Shamkhani
- Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Salim I Khakoo
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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7
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Structural plasticity of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL3 enables altered docking geometries atop HLA-C. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2173. [PMID: 33846289 PMCID: PMC8041999 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The closely related inhibitory killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL3, regulate the activation of natural killer cells (NK) by interacting with the human leukocyte antigen-C1 (HLA-C1) group of molecules. KIR2DL2, KIR2DL3 and HLA-C1 are highly polymorphic, with this variation being associated with differences in the onset and progression of some human diseases. However, the molecular bases underlying these associations remain unresolved. Here, we determined the crystal structures of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL3 in complex with HLA-C*07:02 presenting a self-epitope. KIR2DL2 differed from KIR2DL3 in docking modality over HLA-C*07:02 that correlates with variabilty of recognition of HLA-C1 allotypes. Mutagenesis assays indicated differences in the mechanism of HLA-C1 allotype recognition by KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL3. Similarly, HLA-C1 allotypes differed markedly in their capacity to inhibit activation of primary NK cells. These functional differences derive, in part, from KIR2DS2 suggesting KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL3 binding geometries combine with other factors to distinguish HLA-C1 functional recognition.
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8
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Legrand N, David G, Rodallec A, Gaultier A, Salmon D, Cesbron A, Wittkop L, Raffi F, Gendzekhadze K, Retière C, Allavena C, Gagne K. Influence of HLA-C environment on the spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C in European HIV-HCV co-infected individuals. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 204:107-124. [PMID: 33314121 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell functions are regulated by diverse inhibitory and activating receptors, including killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), which interact with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules. Some KIR/HLA genetic combinations were reported associated with spontaneous clearance (SC) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) but with discordant results, possibly reflecting KIR and/or HLA gene polymorphism according to populations. KIR/HLA genetic combinations associated with both an exhaustive NK and T cell repertoire were investigated in a cohort of HIV-HCV co-infected individuals with either SC (n = 68) or chronic infection (CI, n = 163) compared to uninfected blood donors [controls (Ctrl), n = 100]. Multivariate analysis showed that the HLA C2C2 environment was associated with SC only in European HIV-HCV co-infected individuals [odds ratio (OR) = 4·30, 95% confidence interval = 1·57-12·25, P = 0·005]. KIR2D+ NK cell repertoire and potential of degranulation of KIR2DL1/S1+ NK cells were similar in the SC European cohort compared to uninfected individuals. In contrast, decreased frequencies of KIR2DS1+ and KIR2DL2+ NK cells were detected in the CI group of Europeans compared to SC and a decreased frequency of KIR2DL1/S1+ NK cells compared to controls. Regarding T cells, higher frequencies of DNAX accessory molecule-1 (DNAM-1)+ and CD57+ T cells were observed in SC in comparison to controls. Interestingly, SC subjects emphasized increased frequencies of KIR2DL2/L3/S2+ T cells compared to CI subjects. Our study underlines that the C2 environment may activate efficient KIR2DL1+ NK cells in a viral context and maintain a KIR2DL2/L3/S2+ mature T cell response in the absence of KIR2DL2 engagement with its cognate ligands in SC group of HCV-HIV co-infected European patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Legrand
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS), Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, INSERM U1232 CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France
| | - G David
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS), Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, INSERM U1232 CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France
| | - A Rodallec
- Department of Virology, CHU Nantes Hotel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - A Gaultier
- Department of Biostatistics, CHU Hotel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - D Salmon
- AP-HP Department of Infectious Diseases, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | - L Wittkop
- INSERM UMR1219, Université de Bordeaux ISPED, Bordeaux, France
| | - F Raffi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nantes, France
| | - K Gendzekhadze
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - C Retière
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS), Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, INSERM U1232 CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO, Nantes, France
| | - C Allavena
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nantes, France
| | - K Gagne
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS), Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, INSERM U1232 CNRS, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO, Nantes, France.,LabEx Transplantex, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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9
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Centromeric KIR AA Individuals Harbor Particular KIR Alleles Conferring Beneficial NK Cell Features with Implications in Haplo-Identical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123595. [PMID: 33271841 PMCID: PMC7760878 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown a broad disparity of Natural Killer (NK) cell responses against leukemia highlighting good and bad responders resting on the Killer cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR) and HLA genetics. In this study, we deeply studied KIR2D allele expression, HLA-C recognition and functional effect on NK cells in 108 blood donors in combining high-resolution KIR allele typing and multicolor flow cytometry. The KIR2DL1*003 allotype is associated with centromeric (cen) AA motif and confers the highest NK cell frequency, expression level and strength of KIR/HLA-C interactions compared to the KIR2DL1*002 and KIR2DL1*004 allotypes respectively associated with cenAB and BB motifs. KIR2DL2*001 and *003 allotypes negatively affect the frequency of KIR2DL1+ and KIR2DL3+ NK cells. Altogether, our data suggest that cenAA individuals display more efficient KIR2DL alleles (L1*003 and L3*001) to mount a consistent frequency of KIR2DL+ NK cells and to confer an effective NK cell responsiveness. The transposition of our in vitro observations in the T-replete haplo-identical HSCT context led us to observe that cenAA HSC grafts limit significantly the incidence of relapse in patients with myeloid diseases after T-replete haplo-identical HSCT. As NK cells are crucial in HSCT reconstitution, one could expect that the consideration of KIR2DL1/2/3 allelic polymorphism could help to refine scores used for HSC donor selection.
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10
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Falco M, Sivori S, Meazza R, Pende D. Report from the Eleventh Killer Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR) Workshop: Novel insights on KIR polymorphism, ligand recognition, expression and function. HLA 2020; 94:100-110. [PMID: 31177639 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Eleventh Killer Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR) Workshop was held in Camogli (Genoa, Italy) in October 2018. This congress brought together 113 participants working on KIR field. Fifty-eight studies have been presented, the majority of which included unpublished data. Thus, KIR workshop, allowing the meeting of people sharing their knowledge and experience in a friendly atmosphere, still represents a special event of fruitful discussion and exchange of novel breakthrough, results, and ideas. In this report, we summarize all the scientific contributions highlighting the most recent advances in KIR field. Forty abstracts presented at the KIR Workshop are published in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Falco
- Laboratorio di Immunologia Clinica e Sperimentale, IRCCS Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Sivori
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale (DIMES) e Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica (CEBR), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Raffaella Meazza
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela Pende
- Laboratorio di Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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11
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Blunt MD, Khakoo SI. Activating killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors: Detection, function and therapeutic use. Int J Immunogenet 2020; 47:1-12. [PMID: 31755661 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) have a central role in the control of natural killer (NK) cell function. The functions of the activating KIRs, as compared to those of the inhibitory KIR, have been more difficult to define due to difficulties in antibody-mediated identification and their apparent low affinities for HLA class I. Immunogenetic studies have shown associations of activating KIRs with the outcome of autoimmune diseases, pregnancy-associated disorders, infectious diseases and cancers. Activating KIR are thus thought to have important roles in the control of natural killer cell functions and their role in disease. In this review, we discuss current knowledge on activating KIR, their ligands and, their roles in the pathogenesis and potential therapy of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Blunt
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Salim I Khakoo
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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12
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The Education of NK Cells Determines Their Responsiveness to Autologous HIV-Infected CD4 T Cells. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.01185-19. [PMID: 31511383 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01185-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies support a role for specific killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)-HLA combinations in protection from HIV infection and slower progression to AIDS. Natural killer (NK) cells acquire effector functions through education, a process that requires the interaction of inhibitory NK cell receptors with their major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I (or HLA class I [HLA-I]) ligands. HLA-C allotypes are ligands for the inhibitory KIRs (iKIRs) KIR2DL1, KIR2DL2, and KIR2DL3, whereas the ligand for KIR3DL1 is HLA-Bw4. HIV infection reduces the expression of HLA-A, -B, and -C on the surfaces of infected CD4 (iCD4) T cells. Here we investigated whether education through iKIR-HLA interactions influenced NK cell responses to autologous iCD4 cells. Enriched NK cells were stimulated with autologous iCD4 cells or with uninfected CD4 cells as controls. The capacities of single-positive (sp) KIR2DL1, KIR2DL2, KIR2DL3, and KIR3DL1 NK cells to produce CCL4, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), and/or CD107a were assessed by flow cytometry. Overall, we observed that the potency of NK cell education was directly related to the frequency of each spiKIR+ NK cell's ability to respond to the reduction of its cognate HLA ligand on autologous iCD4 cells, as measured by the frequency of production by spiKIR+ NK cells of CCL4, IFN-γ, and/or CD107a. Both NK cell education and HIV-mediated changes in HLA expression influenced NK cell responses to iCD4 cells.IMPORTANCE Epidemiological studies show that natural killer (NK) cells have anti-HIV activity: they are able to reduce the risk of HIV infection and/or slow HIV disease progression. How NK cells contribute to these outcomes is not fully characterized. We used primary NK cells and autologous HIV-infected cells to examine the role of education through four inhibitory killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (iKIRs) from persons with HLA types that are able to educate NK cells bearing one of these iKIRs. HIV-infected cells activated NK cells through missing-self mechanisms due to the downmodulation of cell surface HLA expression mediated by HIV Nef and Vpu. A higher frequency of educated than uneducated NK cells expressing each of these iKIRs responded to autologous HIV-infected cells by producing CCL4, IFN-γ, and CD107a. Since NK cells were from non-HIV-infected individuals, they model the consequences of healthy NK cell-HIV-infected cell interactions occurring in the HIV eclipse phase, when new infections are susceptible to extinction.
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13
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Blunt MD, Rettman P, Bastidas‐Legarda LY, Fulton R, Capizzuto V, Naiyer MM, Traherne JA, Khakoo SI. A novel antibody combination to identify KIR2DS2 high natural killer cells in KIR2DL3/L2/S2 heterozygous donors. HLA 2019; 93:32-35. [PMID: 30381896 PMCID: PMC6492158 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) KIR2DS2 induces natural killer (NK) cell activation upon ligation and in genetic studies is associated with protection against certain cancers and viral infections. One of the difficulties in understanding KIR2DS2 has been that ligands have been hard to define. In part, this is because the high sequence homology between KIR2DS2 and KIR2DL3/KIR2DL2 has made it difficult to make antibodies that specifically detect NK cells expressing KIR2DS2. Using transfected NK cell line (NKL) cells and primary human samples, we report the identification of a novel antibody combination which allows identification of NK cells with relatively high expression of KIR2DS2. This separation is sufficient to examine primary human NK cell activation in response to KIR2DS2 specific ligands.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies/metabolism
- Cell Separation
- Cells, Cultured
- Flow Cytometry
- Heterozygote
- Humans
- Immunologic Surveillance
- Immunophenotyping/methods
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Receptors, KIR/genetics
- Receptors, KIR/immunology
- Receptors, KIR/metabolism
- Receptors, KIR2DL2/genetics
- Receptors, KIR2DL2/immunology
- Receptors, KIR2DL2/metabolism
- Receptors, KIR2DL3/genetics
- Receptors, KIR2DL3/immunology
- Receptors, KIR2DL3/metabolism
- Virus Diseases/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Blunt
- Clinical and Experimental SciencesFaculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General HospitalSouthamptonUK
| | - Pauline Rettman
- Clinical and Experimental SciencesFaculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General HospitalSouthamptonUK
| | - Leidy Y. Bastidas‐Legarda
- Clinical and Experimental SciencesFaculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General HospitalSouthamptonUK
| | - Rebecca Fulton
- Clinical and Experimental SciencesFaculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General HospitalSouthamptonUK
| | - Valentina Capizzuto
- Clinical and Experimental SciencesFaculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General HospitalSouthamptonUK
| | - Mohammed M. Naiyer
- Clinical and Experimental SciencesFaculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General HospitalSouthamptonUK
| | - James A. Traherne
- Division of Immunology, Department of PathologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Salim I. Khakoo
- Clinical and Experimental SciencesFaculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General HospitalSouthamptonUK
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14
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Huhn O, Chazara O, Ivarsson MA, Retière C, Venkatesan TC, Norman PJ, Hilton HG, Jayaraman J, Traherne JA, Trowsdale J, Ito M, Kling C, Parham P, Ghadially H, Moffett A, Sharkey AM, Colucci F. High-Resolution Genetic and Phenotypic Analysis of KIR2DL1 Alleles and Their Association with Pre-Eclampsia. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 201:2593-2601. [PMID: 30249807 PMCID: PMC6258046 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Killer-cell Ig-like receptor (KIR) genes are inherited as haplotypes. They are expressed by NK cells and linked to outcomes of infectious diseases and pregnancy in humans. Understanding how genotype relates to phenotype is difficult because of the extensive diversity of the KIR family. Indeed, high-resolution KIR genotyping and phenotyping in single NK cells in the context of disease association is lacking. In this article, we describe a new method to separate NK cells expressing allotypes of the KIR2DL1 gene carried by the KIR A haplotype (KIR2DL1A) from those expressing KIR2DL1 alleles carried by the KIR B haplotype (KIR2DL1B). We find that in KIR AB heterozygous individuals, different KIR2DL1 allotypes can be detected in both peripheral blood and uterine NK cells. Using this new method, we demonstrate that both blood and uterine NK cells codominantly express KIR2DL1A and KIR2DL1B allotypes but with a predominance of KIR2DL1A variants, which associate with enhanced NK cell function. In a case-control study of pre-eclampsia, we show that KIR2DL1A, not KIR2DL1B, associates with increased disease risk. This method will facilitate our understanding of how individual KIR2DL1 allelic variants affect NK cell function and contribute to disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oisín Huhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0SW, United Kingdom
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
- MedImmune Ltd., Granta Park, Cambridge CB21 6GH, United Kingdom
| | - Olympe Chazara
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom
| | - Martin A Ivarsson
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christelle Retière
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Université de Nantes, 44011 Nantes, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes Angers, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, 44007 Nantes, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes Angers, INSERM U1232, CNRS, Université d'Angers, 49035 Angers, France
| | - Timothy C Venkatesan
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom
| | - Paul J Norman
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Hugo G Hilton
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Jyothi Jayaraman
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom
| | - James A Traherne
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom
| | - John Trowsdale
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom
| | - Mitsutero Ito
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3DY, United Kingdom; and
| | | | - Peter Parham
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | | | - Ashley Moffett
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M Sharkey
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom;
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Colucci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0SW, United Kingdom;
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
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15
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Dugast E, David G, Oger R, Danger R, Judor JP, Gagne K, Chesneau M, Degauque N, Soulillou JP, Paul P, Picard C, Guerif P, Conchon S, Giral M, Gervois N, Retière C, Brouard S. Broad Impairment of Natural Killer Cells from Operationally Tolerant Kidney Transplanted Patients. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1721. [PMID: 29312288 PMCID: PMC5732263 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of natural killer (NK) cells in organ transplantation is controversial. This study aims to decipher their role in kidney transplant tolerance in humans. Previous studies highlighted several modulated genes involved in NK cell biology in blood from spontaneously operationally tolerant patients (TOLs; drug-free kidney-transplanted recipients with stable graft function). We performed a phenotypic, functional, and genetic characterization of NK cells from these patients compared to kidney-transplanted patients with stable graft function under immunosuppression and healthy volunteers (HVs). Both operationally TOLs and stable patients harbored defective expression of the NKp46 activator receptor and lytic molecules perforin and granzyme compared to HVs. Surprisingly, NK cells from operationally TOLs also displayed decreased expression of the CD16 activating marker (in the CD56Dim NK cell subset). This decrease was associated with impairment of their functional capacities upon stimulation, as shown by lower interferon gamma (IFNγ) production and CD107a membranous expression in a reverse antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) assay, spontaneous lysis assays, and lower target cell lysis in the 51Cr release assay compared to HVs. Conversely, despite impaired K562 cell lysis in the 51Cr release assay, patients with stable graft function harbored a normal reverse ADCC and even increased amounts of IFNγ+ NK cells in the spontaneous lysis assay. Altogether, the strong impairment of the phenotype and functional cytotoxic capacities of NK cells in operationally TOLs may accord with the establishment of a pro-tolerogenic environment, despite remaining highly activated after transplantation in patients with stable graft function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Dugast
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Gaëlle David
- Etablissement Français du sang, Nantes, France.,CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Romain Oger
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Richard Danger
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Paul Judor
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Katia Gagne
- Etablissement Français du sang, Nantes, France.,CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx Transplantex, Université de Strasbourg, France
| | - Mélanie Chesneau
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Degauque
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Pascale Paul
- Nephrology Dialysis Renal Transplantation Center, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hospital de la Conception, UMR 1076, Vascular Research Center of Marseille, INSERM, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Picard
- Établissement Français du Sang Alpes Méditerranée, Marseille, France.,ADES UMR 7268, CNRS, EFS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Pierrick Guerif
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,CIC Biotherapy, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Conchon
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Magali Giral
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France.,CIC Biotherapy, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nadine Gervois
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Christelle Retière
- Etablissement Français du sang, Nantes, France.,CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
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16
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Bernson E, Hallner A, Sander FE, Wilsson O, Werlenius O, Rydström A, Kiffin R, Brune M, Foà R, Aurelius J, Martner A, Hellstrand K, Thorén FB. Impact of killer-immunoglobulin-like receptor and human leukocyte antigen genotypes on the efficacy of immunotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2017; 31:2552-2559. [PMID: 28529313 PMCID: PMC5729331 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between killer-immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their HLA class I ligands are instrumental in natural killer (NK) cell regulation and protect normal tissue from NK cell attack. Human KIR haplotypes comprise genes encoding mainly inhibitory receptors (KIR A) or activating and inhibitory receptors (KIR B). A substantial fraction of humans lack ligands for inhibitory KIRs (iKIRs), that is, a ‘missing ligand’ genotype. KIR B/x and missing ligand genotypes may thus give rise to potentially autoreactive, unlicensed NK cells. Little is known regarding the impact of such genotypes in untransplanted acute myeloid leukemia (AML). For this study, NK cell phenotypes and KIR/HLA genotypes were determined in 81 AML patients who received immunotherapy with histamine dihydrochloride and low-dose IL-2 for relapse prevention (NCT01347996). We observed that presence of unlicensed NK cells impacted favorably on clinical outcome, in particular among patients harboring functional NK cells reflected by high expression of the natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR) NKp46. Genotype analyses suggested that the clinical benefit of high NCR expression was restricted to patients with a missing ligand genotype and/or a KIR B/x genotype. These data imply that functional NK cells are significant anti-leukemic effector cells in patients with KIR/HLA genotypes that favor NK cell autoreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bernson
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Hallner
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - F E Sander
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - O Wilsson
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - O Werlenius
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Hematology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Rydström
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R Kiffin
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Brune
- Department of Hematology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R Foà
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - J Aurelius
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Hematology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Martner
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Hellstrand
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - F B Thorén
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Maniangou B, Legrand N, Alizadeh M, Guyet U, Willem C, David G, Charpentier E, Walencik A, Retière C, Gagne K. Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor Allele Determination Using Next-Generation Sequencing Technology. Front Immunol 2017; 8:547. [PMID: 28579987 PMCID: PMC5437120 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of natural killer (NK) cell alloreactivity on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) outcome is still debated due to the complexity of graft parameters, HLA class I environment, the nature of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)/KIR ligand genetic combinations studied, and KIR+ NK cell repertoire size. KIR genes are known to be polymorphic in terms of gene content, copy number variation, and number of alleles. These allelic polymorphisms may impact both the phenotype and function of KIR+ NK cells. We, therefore, speculate that polymorphisms may alter donor KIR+ NK cell phenotype/function thus modulating post-HSCT KIR+ NK cell alloreactivity. To investigate KIR allele polymorphisms of all KIR genes, we developed a next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology on a MiSeq platform. To ensure the reliability and specificity of our method, genomic DNA from well-characterized cell lines were used; high-resolution KIR typing results obtained were then compared to those previously reported. Two different bioinformatic pipelines were used allowing the attribution of sequencing reads to specific KIR genes and the assignment of KIR alleles for each KIR gene. Our results demonstrated successful long-range KIR gene amplifications of all reference samples using intergenic KIR primers. The alignment of reads to the human genome reference (hg19) using BiRD pipeline or visualization of data using Profiler software demonstrated that all KIR genes were completely sequenced with a sufficient read depth (mean 317× for all loci) and a high percentage of mapping (mean 93% for all loci). Comparison of high-resolution KIR typing obtained to those published data using exome capture resulted in a reported concordance rate of 95% for centromeric and telomeric KIR genes. Overall, our results suggest that NGS can be used to investigate the broad KIR allelic polymorphism. Hence, these data improve our knowledge, not only on KIR+ NK cell alloreactivity in HSCT but also on the role of KIR+ NK cell populations in control of viral infections and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bercelin Maniangou
- Etablissement Français du Sang Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France.,CRCINA, INSERM U1232 CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nolwenn Legrand
- Etablissement Français du Sang Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France.,CRCINA, INSERM U1232 CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Mehdi Alizadeh
- Laboratoire de Recherche et Développement, EFS Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Ulysse Guyet
- L'institut du thorax, INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Catherine Willem
- Etablissement Français du Sang Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France.,CRCINA, INSERM U1232 CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Gaëlle David
- Etablissement Français du Sang Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France.,CRCINA, INSERM U1232 CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Christelle Retière
- Etablissement Français du Sang Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France.,CRCINA, INSERM U1232 CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Katia Gagne
- Etablissement Français du Sang Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France.,CRCINA, INSERM U1232 CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Laboratoire d'Histocompatibilité, EFS Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabeX Transplantex, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Severe Symptomatic Primary Human Cytomegalovirus Infection despite Effective Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.02245-16. [PMID: 28031361 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02245-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection usually goes unnoticed, causing mild or no symptoms in immunocompetent individuals. However, some rare severe clinical cases have been reported without investigation of host immune responses or viral virulence. In the present study, we investigate for the first time phenotypic and functional features, together with gene expression profiles in immunocompetent adults experiencing a severe primary HCMV infection. Twenty primary HCMV-infected patients (PHIP) were enrolled, as well as 26 HCMV-seronegative and 39 HCMV-seropositive healthy controls. PHIP had extensive lymphocytosis marked by massive expansion of natural killer (NK) and T cell compartments. Interestingly, PHIP mounted efficient innate and adaptive immune responses with a deep HCMV imprint, revealed mainly by the expansion of NKG2C+ NK cells, CD16+ Vδ2(-) γδ T cells, and conventional HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells. The main effector lymphocytes were activated and displayed an early immune phenotype that developed toward a more mature differentiated status. We suggest that both massive lymphocytosis and excessive lymphocyte activation could contribute to massive cytokine production, known to mediate tissue damage observed in PHIP. Taken together, these findings bring new insights into the comprehensive understanding of immune mechanisms involved during primary HCMV infection in immunocompetent individuals.IMPORTANCE HCMV-specific immune responses have been extensively documented in immunocompromised patients and during in utero acquisition. While it usually goes unnoticed, some rare severe clinical cases of primary HCMV infection have been reported in immunocompetent patients. However, host immune responses or HCMV virulence in these patients has not so far been investigated. In the present study, we show massive expansion of NK and T cell compartments during the symptomatic stage of acute HCMV infection. The patients mounted efficient innate and adaptive immune responses with a deep HCMV imprint. The massive lymphocytosis could be the result of nonadapted or uncontrolled immune responses limiting the effectiveness of the specific responses mounted. Both massive lymphocytosis and excessive lymphocyte activation could contribute to massive cytokine production, known to mediate tissue damage. Furthermore, we cannot exclude a delayed immune response caused by immune escape established by HCMV strains.
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Béziat V, Hilton HG, Norman PJ, Traherne JA. Deciphering the killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor system at super-resolution for natural killer and T-cell biology. Immunology 2016; 150:248-264. [PMID: 27779741 PMCID: PMC5290243 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are components of two fundamental biological systems essential for human health and survival. First, they contribute to host immune responses, both innate and adaptive, through their expression by natural killer cells and T cells. Second, KIR play a key role in regulating placentation, and hence reproductive success. Analogous to the diversity of their human leucocyte antigen class I ligands, KIR are extremely polymorphic. In this review, we describe recent developments, fuelled by methodological advances, that are helping to decipher the KIR system in terms of haplotypes, polymorphisms, expression patterns and their ligand interactions. These developments are delivering deeper insight into the relevance of KIR in immune system function, evolution and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Hugo G Hilton
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Paul J Norman
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Enhances NK Cell Activity In Vitro. Transplant Direct 2016; 2:e89. [PMID: 27830183 PMCID: PMC5087575 DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000000605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Background Occurring frequently after solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication remains a relevant cause of mortality and morbidity in affected patients. Despite these adverse effects, an increased alloreactivity of natural killer (NK) cells after CMV infection has been assumed, but the underlying physiopathological mechanisms have remained elusive. Methods We used serial analyses of NK cells before and after CMV infection in kidney transplant recipients as an in vivo model for CMV primary infection to explore the imprint of CMV infection using every patient as their own control: We analyzed NK cell phenotype and function in 47 CMV seronegative recipients of CMV seropositive kidney grafts, who developed CMV primary infection posttransplant. Seronegative recipients of seronegative kidney grafts served as controls. Results We observed a significant increase of NKG2C expressing NK cells after CMV infection (mean increase, 17.5%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 10.2-24.9, P < 0.001), whereas cluster of differentiation (CD)57 expressing cells decreased (mean decrease, 14.1%; 95% CI, 8.0-20.2; P < 0.001). Analysis of killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) expression showed an increase of cells expressing KIR2DL1 as their only inhibitory KIR in patients carrying the cognate ligand HLA-C2 (mean increase, 10.0%; 95% CI, 1.7-18.3; P = 0.018). In C2-negative individuals, KIR2DL1 expression decreased (mean decrease, 3.9%; 95% CI, 1.6-6.2; P = 0.001). As for activating KIR, there was no conclusive change pattern. Most importantly, we observed a significantly higher NK cell degranulation and IFNγ production in response to different target cells (target K562, CD107a: mean increase, 9.9%; 95% CI, 4.8-15.0; P < 0.001; IFNγ: mean increase, 6.6%; 95% CI, 1.6-11.1; P < 0.001; target MRC-5, CD107a: mean increase, 6.9%; 95% CI, 0.7-13.1; P = 0.03; IFNγ: mean increase, 4.8%; 95% CI, 1.7-7.8; P = 0.002). Conclusions We report evidence for an increased function of NK cells induced by CMV infection. This increased in vitro functionality was seen in NKG2C-positive and NKG2C-negative subsets, arguing for an NKG2C independent mechanism of action.
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Djaoud Z, Riou R, Gavlovsky PJ, Mehlal S, Bressollette C, Gérard N, Gagne K, Charreau B, Retière C. Cytomegalovirus-Infected Primary Endothelial Cells Trigger NKG2C+ Natural Killer Cells. J Innate Immun 2016; 8:374-85. [PMID: 27116381 PMCID: PMC6738823 DOI: 10.1159/000445320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Among innate cells, natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in the defense against cytomegalovirus (CMV). In some individuals, CMV infection induces the expansion of NKG2C+ NK cells that persist after control of the infection. We have previously shown that KIR2DL+ NK cells, in contrast to NKG2C+ NK cells, contribute to controlling CMV infection using a CMV-infected monocyte-derived dendritic cell (MDDC) model. However, the nature of CMV-infected cells contributing to the expansion of the NKG2C+ NK cell subset remains unclear. To gain more insight into this question, we investigated the contribution of NKG2C+ NK cell activation by CMV-infected primary human aortic endothelial cells (EC) isolated from kidney transplant donors, which constitutively express the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E molecule. Here, we show that, although classic HLA class I expression was drastically downregulated, nonclassic HLA-E expression was maintained in CMV-infected EC. By comparing HLA expression patterns in CMV-infected EC, fibroblasts and MDDC, we demonstrate a cell-dependent modulation of HLA-E expression by CMV infection. NKG2C+ NK cell degranulation was significantly triggered by CMV-infected EC regardless of the nature of the HLA-E allele product. EC, predominantly present in vessels, may constitute a privileged site for CMV infection that drives a 'memory' NKG2C+ NK cell subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Djaoud
- Etablissement Français du SangUniversité de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Equipe d'Accueil 4271, ImmunoVirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Raphaëlle Riou
- Etablissement Français du SangUniversité de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Equipe d'Accueil 4271, ImmunoVirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Pierre-Jean Gavlovsky
- INSERM UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, LabEx IGO, Centre Européen des Sciences de la Transplantation et Immunothérapie, Nantes, France
| | - Souad Mehlal
- Equipe d'Accueil 4271, ImmunoVirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Céline Bressollette
- Equipe d'Accueil 4271, ImmunoVirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation-Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Nantes, France
- Service de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Nantes, France
| | - Nathalie Gérard
- INSERM UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, LabEx IGO, Centre Européen des Sciences de la Transplantation et Immunothérapie, Nantes, France
| | - Katia Gagne
- Etablissement Français du SangUniversité de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Equipe d'Accueil 4271, ImmunoVirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- LabExTransplantex, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Béatrice Charreau
- Faculté de Médecine, L'Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (LUNAM), Nantes, France
- INSERM UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, LabEx IGO, Centre Européen des Sciences de la Transplantation et Immunothérapie, Nantes, France
- Institut de Transplantation-Urologie-Néphrologie (ITUN), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Nantes, France
| | - Christelle Retière
- Etablissement Français du SangUniversité de Nantes, Nantes, France
- Equipe d'Accueil 4271, ImmunoVirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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22
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Rettman P, Willem C, David G, Riou R, Legrand N, Esbelin J, Cesbron A, Senitzer D, Gagne K, Retière C. New insights on the natural killer cell repertoire from a thorough analysis of cord blood cells. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 100:471-9. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1hi0116-036r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Della Chiesa M, Sivori S, Carlomagno S, Moretta L, Moretta A. Activating KIRs and NKG2C in Viral Infections: Toward NK Cell Memory? Front Immunol 2015; 6:573. [PMID: 26617607 PMCID: PMC4638145 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are important players in the immune defense against viral infections. The contribution of activating killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and CD94/NKG2C in regulating anti-viral responses has recently emerged. Thus, in the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation setting, the presence of donor activating KIRs (aKIRs) may protect against viral infections, while in HIV-infected individuals, KIR3DS1, in combination with HLA-Bw4-I80, results in reduction of viral progression. Since, studies have been performed mainly at the genetic or transcriptional level, the effective size, the function, and the "licensing" status of NK cells expressing aKIRs, as well as the nature of their viral ligands, require further investigation. Certain viral infections, mainly due to Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), can deeply influence the NK cell development and function by inducing a marked expansion of mature NKG2C(+) NK cells expressing self-activating KIRs. This suggests that NKG2C and/or aKIRs are involved in the selective proliferation of this subset. The persistent, HCMV-induced, imprinting suggests that NK cells may display unexpected adaptive immune traits. The role of aKIRs and NKG2C in regulating NK cell responses and promoting a memory-like response to certain viruses is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariella Della Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova , Genoa , Italy
| | - Simona Sivori
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova , Genoa , Italy
| | - Simona Carlomagno
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova , Genoa , Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Dipartimento di Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Bambin Gesù , Roma , Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretta
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova , Genoa , Italy
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Rettman P, Legrand N, Willem C, Lodé L, Chevallier P, Cesbron A, Senitzer D, Retière C, Gagne K. Use of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor genes as early markers of hematopoietic chimerism after double-umbilical cord blood transplantation. Haematologica 2015. [PMID: 26206801 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2015.127993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Rettman
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Université de Nantes, Immunovirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique, EA4271, France
| | - Nolwenn Legrand
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Université de Nantes, Immunovirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique, EA4271, France
| | - Catherine Willem
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Université de Nantes, Immunovirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique, EA4271, France
| | - Laurence Lodé
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie Biologique, CHU Hotel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | | | - Anne Cesbron
- Laboratoire d'Histocompatibilité et d'Immunogénétique, EFS Nantes, France LabEx Transplantex, Université de Strasbourg, France
| | - David Senitzer
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, City of Hope, National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Christelle Retière
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Université de Nantes, Immunovirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique, EA4271, France
| | - Katia Gagne
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Université de Nantes, Immunovirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique, EA4271, France Laboratoire d'Histocompatibilité et d'Immunogénétique, EFS Nantes, France LabEx Transplantex, Université de Strasbourg, France
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Béziat V, Traherne J, Malmberg JA, Ivarsson MA, Björkström NK, Retière C, Ljunggren HG, Michaëlsson J, Trowsdale J, Malmberg KJ. Tracing dynamic expansion of human NK-cell subsets by high-resolution analysis of KIR repertoires and cellular differentiation. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:2192-6. [PMID: 24723455 PMCID: PMC4282447 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201444464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Béziat
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
| | - James Traherne
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge Institute for Medical ResearchCambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jenny-Ann Malmberg
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin A Ivarsson
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas K Björkström
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Liver Immunology Laboratory, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Michaëlsson
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
| | - John Trowsdale
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge Institute for Medical ResearchCambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Karl-Johan Malmberg
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
- Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University HospitalOslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of OsloOslo, Norway
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Ivarsson MA, Michaëlsson J, Fauriat C. Activating killer cell Ig-like receptors in health and disease. Front Immunol 2014; 5:184. [PMID: 24795726 PMCID: PMC4001058 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of non-rearranged HLA class I-binding receptors characterizes human and mouse NK cells. The postulation of the missing-self hypothesis some 30 years ago triggered the subsequent search and discovery of inhibitory MHC-receptors, both in humans and mice. These receptors have two functions: (i) to control the threshold for NK cell activation, a process termed “licensing” or “education,” and (ii) to inhibit NK cell activation during interactions with healthy HLA class I-expressing cells. The discovery of activating forms of KIRs (aKIR) challenged the concept of NK cell tolerance in steady state, as well as during immune challenge: what is the biological role of the activating KIR, in particular when NK cells express aKIRs in the absence of inhibitory receptors? Recently it was shown that aKIRs also participate in the education of NK cells. However, instead of lowering the threshold of activation like iKIRs, the expression of aKIRs has the opposite effect, i.e., rendering NK cells hyporesponsive. These findings may have consequences during NK cell response to viral infection, in cancer development, and in the initial stages of pregnancy. Here we review the current knowledge of activating KIRs, including the biological concept of aKIR-dependent NK cell education, and their impact in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Ivarsson
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Jakob Michaëlsson
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Cyril Fauriat
- U1068, CRCM, Immunity and Cancer, INSERM , Marseille , France ; Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Marseille , France ; UM 105, Aix-Marseille Université , Marseille , France ; UMR 7258, CNRS , Marseille , France ; U1068, CRCM, Plateforme d'Immunomonitoring en Cancérologie, INSERM , Marseille , France
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Czaja K, Borer AS, Schmied L, Terszowski G, Stern M, Gonzalez A. A comprehensive analysis of the binding of anti-KIR antibodies to activating KIRs. Genes Immun 2013; 15:33-7. [DOI: 10.1038/gene.2013.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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David G, Djaoud Z, Willem C, Legrand N, Rettman P, Gagne K, Cesbron A, Retière C. Large spectrum of HLA-C recognition by killer Ig-like receptor (KIR)2DL2 and KIR2DL3 and restricted C1 SPECIFICITY of KIR2DS2: dominant impact of KIR2DL2/KIR2DS2 on KIR2D NK cell repertoire formation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:4778-88. [PMID: 24078689 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The interactions of killer Ig-like receptor 2D (KIR2D) with HLA-C ligands contribute to functional NK cell education and regulate NK cell functions. Although simple alloreactive rules have been established for inhibitory KIR2DL, those governing activating KIR2DS function are still undefined, and those governing the formation of the KIR2D repertoire are still debated. In this study, we investigated the specificity of KIR2DL1/2/3 and KIR2DS1/2, dissected each KIR2D function, and assessed the impact of revisited specificities on the KIR2D NK cell repertoire formation from a large cohort of 159 KIR and HLA genotyped individuals. We report that KIR2DL2(+) and KIR2DL3(+) NK cells reacted similarly against HLA-C(+) target cells, irrespective of C1 or C2 allele expression. In contrast, KIR2DL1(+) NK cells specifically reacted against C2 alleles, suggesting a larger spectrum of HLA-C recognition by KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL3 than KIR2DL1. KIR2DS2(+) KIR2DL2(-) NK cell clones were C1-reactive irrespective of their HLA-C environment. However, when KIR2DS2 and KIR2DL2 were coexpressed, NK cell inhibition via KIR2DL2 overrode NK cell activation via KIR2DS2. In contrast, KIR2DL1 and KIR2DS2 had an additive enhancing effect on NK cell responses against C1C1 target cells. KIR2DL2/3/S2 NK cells predominated within the KIR repertoire in KIR2DL2/S2(+) individuals. In contrast, the KIR2DL1/S1 NK cell compartment is dominant in C2C2 KIR2DL2/S2(-) individuals. Moreover, our results suggest that together with KIR2DL2, activating KIR2DS1 and KIR2DS2 expression limits KIR2DL1 acquisition on NK cells. Altogether, our results suggest that the NK cell repertoire is remolded by the activating and inhibitory KIR2D and their cognate ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle David
- EA4271 - "ImmunoVirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique", Etablissement Français du Sang/Pays de la Loire, Université de Nantes, 44011 Nantes Cedex 01, France
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Djaoud Z, David G, Bressollette C, Willem C, Rettman P, Gagne K, Legrand N, Mehlal S, Cesbron A, Imbert-Marcille BM, Retière C. Amplified NKG2C+ NK cells in cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection preferentially express killer cell Ig-like receptor 2DL: functional impact in controlling CMV-infected dendritic cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:2708-16. [PMID: 23918974 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
CMV infection represents a major complication in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which compromises graft outcome. Downregulation of HLA class I expression is one mechanism by which CMV evades T cell-mediated immune detection, rendering infected cells vulnerable to killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR)(+) NK cells. In this study, we observed that the amplified NKG2C(+) NK cell population observed specifically in CMV seropositive individuals mainly expressed KIR2DL receptors. We have shown that HLA class I expression was downregulated on CMV-infected immature dendritic cells (iDCs), which escape to HLA-A2-pp65-specific T lymphocytes but strongly trigger the degranulation of KIR2D(+) NK cells. CMV infection conferred a vulnerability of C2C2(+) iDCs to educated KIR2DL1(+) and KIR2DL3(+) NK cell subsets. Alloreactivity of KIR2DL1(+) NK cell subsets against C1C1(+) iDCs was maintained independently of CMV infection. Unexpectedly, CMV-infected C1C1(+) iDCs did not activate KIR2DL3(+) NK cell reactivity, suggesting a potential CMV evasion to KIR2DL3 NK cell recognition. Altogether, the coexpression of KIR and NKG2C on expanded NK cell subsets could be related to a functional contribution of KIR in CMV infection and should be investigated in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, in which the beneficial impact of CMV infection has been reported on the graft-versus-leukemia effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Djaoud
- Etablissement Français du Sang-Pays de la Loire, EA4271, Immunovirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique, 44011 Nantes Cedex 01, France
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30
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Gagne K, Willem C, Legrand N, Djaoud Z, David G, Rettman P, Bressollette-Bodin C, Senitzer D, Esbelin J, Cesbron-Gautier A, Schneider T, Retière C. Both the nature of KIR3DL1 alleles and the KIR3DL1/S1 allele combination affect the KIR3DL1 NK-cell repertoire in the French population. Eur J Immunol 2013; 43:1085-98. [PMID: 23436464 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201243007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
NK-cell functions are regulated by many activating and inhibitory receptors including KIR3DL1. Extensive allelic polymorphism and variability in expression can directly alter NK-cell phenotype and functions. Here we investigated the KIR3DL1(+) NK-cell repertoire, taking into account the allelic KIR3DL1/S1 polymorphism, KIR3DL1 phenotype, and function. All 109 studied individuals possessed at least one KIR3DL1 allele, with weak KIR3DL1*054, or null alleles being frequently present. In KIR3DL1(high/null) individuals, we observed a bimodal distribution of KIR3DL1(+) NK cells identified by a different KIR3DL1 expression level and cell frequency regardless of a similar amount of both KIR3DL1 transcripts, HLA background, or KIR2D expression. However, this bimodal distribution can be explained by a functional selection following a hierarchy of KIR3DL1 receptors. The higher expression of KIR3DL1 observed on cord blood NK cells suggests the expression of the functional KIR3DL1*004 receptors. Thus, the low amplification of KIR3DL1(high) , KIR3DL1*004 NK-cell subsets during development may be due to extensive signaling via these two receptors. Albeit in a nonexclusive manner, individual immunological experience may contribute to shaping the KIR3DL1 NK-cell repertoire. Together, this study provides new insight into the mechanisms regulating the KIR3DL1 NK-cell repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Gagne
- Etablissement Français du Sang and Université de Nantes, EA4271 Immunovirologie et Polymorphisme Génétique, Nantes, France.
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31
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van Bergen J, Thompson A, van Pel M, Retière C, Salvatori D, Raulet DH, Trowsdale J, Koning F. HLA reduces killer cell Ig-like receptor expression level and frequency in a humanized mouse model. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 190:2880-5. [PMID: 23390293 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
NK cells use NK cell receptors to be able to recognize and eliminate infected, transformed, and allogeneic cells. Human NK cells are prevented from killing autologous healthy cells by virtue of inhibitory NKRs, primarily killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR) that bind "self" HLA class I molecules. Individual NK cells stably express a selected set of KIR, but it is currently disputed whether the fraction of NK cells expressing a particular inhibitory KIR is influenced by the presence of the corresponding HLA ligand. The extreme polymorphism of the KIR and HLA loci, with wide-ranging affinities for individual KIR and HLA allele combinations, has made this issue particularly hard to tackle. In this study, we used a transgenic mouse model to investigate the effect of HLA on KIR repertoire and function in the absence of genetic variation inside and outside the KIR locus. These H-2K(b-/-) and H-2D(b-/-) mice lacked ligands for inhibitory Ly49 receptors and were transgenic for HLA-Cw3 and a KIR B haplotype. In this reductionist system, the presence of HLA-Cw3 reduced the frequency of KIR2DL2(+) cells, as well as the surface expression levels of KIR2DL2. In addition, in the presence of HLA-Cw3, the frequency of NKG2A(+) cells and the surface expression levels of NKG2A were reduced. In line with these findings, both transgene-encoded KIR and endogenous NKG2A contributed to the rejection of cells lacking HLA-Cw3. These findings support the idea that HLA influences the human KIR repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen van Bergen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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32
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NK cell responses to cytomegalovirus infection lead to stable imprints in the human KIR repertoire and involve activating KIRs. Blood 2013; 121:2678-88. [PMID: 23325834 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-10-459545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 381] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human natural killer (NK) cells are functionally regulated by killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their interactions with HLA class I molecules. As KIR expression in a given NK cell is genetically hard-wired, we hypothesized that KIR repertoire perturbations reflect expansions of unique NK-cell subsets and may be used to trace adaptation of the NK-cell compartment to virus infections. By determining the human "KIR-ome" at a single-cell level in more than 200 donors, we were able to analyze the magnitude of NK cell adaptation to virus infections in healthy individuals. Strikingly, infection with human cytomegalovirus (CMV), but not with other common herpesviruses, induced expansion and differentiation of KIR-expressing NK cells, visible as stable imprints in the repertoire. Education by inhibitory KIRs promoted the clonal-like expansion of NK cells, causing a bias for self-specific inhibitory KIRs. Furthermore, our data revealed a unique contribution of activating KIRs (KIR2DS4, KIR2DS2, or KIR3DS1), in addition to NKG2C, in the expansion of human NK cells. These results provide new insight into the diversity of KIR repertoire and its adaptation to virus infection, suggesting a role for both activating and inhibitory KIRs in immunity to CMV infection.
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33
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Allard M, Tonnerre P, Nedellec S, Oger R, Morice A, Guilloux Y, Houssaint E, Charreau B, Gervois N. HLA-E-restricted cross-recognition of allogeneic endothelial cells by CMV-associated CD8 T cells: a potential risk factor following transplantation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50951. [PMID: 23226431 PMCID: PMC3511380 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although association between CMV infection and allograft rejection is well admitted, the precise mechanisms involved remain uncertain. Here, we report the characterization of an alloreactive HLA-E-restricted CD8 T cell population that was detected in the PBL of a kidney transplant patient after its CMV conversion. This monoclonal CD8 T cell population represents a sizable fraction in the blood (3% of PBL) and is characterized by an effector-memory phenotype and the expression of multiple NK receptors. Interestingly, these unconventional T cells display HLA-E-dependent reactivity against peptides derived from the leader sequences of both various HCMV-UL40 and allogeneic classical HLA-I molecules. Consequently, while HLA-E-restricted CD8 T cells have potential to contribute to the control of CMV infection in vivo, they may also directly mediate graft rejection through recognition of peptides derived from allogeneic HLA-I molecules on graft cells. Therefore, as HLA-E expression in nonlymphoid organs is mainly restricted to endothelial cells, we investigated the reactivity of this HLA-E-restricted T cell population towards allogeneic endothelial cells. We clearly demonstrated that CMV-associated HLA-E-restricted T cells efficiently recognized and killed allogeneic endothelial cells in vitro. Moreover, our data indicate that this alloreactivity is tightly regulated by NK receptors, especially by inhibitory KIR2DL2 that strongly prevents TCR-induced activation through recognition of HLA-C molecules. Hence, a better evaluation of the role of CMV-associated HLA-E-restricted T cells in transplantation and of the impact of HLA-genotype, especially HLA-C, on their alloreactivity may determine whether they indeed represent a risk factor following organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Allard
- Inserm, U892, Nantes, France
- Univ Nantes, Nantes, France
- CNRS, UMR 6299, Nantes, France
| | | | - Steven Nedellec
- Inserm, U892, Nantes, France
- Univ Nantes, Nantes, France
- CNRS, UMR 6299, Nantes, France
| | - Romain Oger
- Inserm, U892, Nantes, France
- Univ Nantes, Nantes, France
- CNRS, UMR 6299, Nantes, France
| | - Alexis Morice
- Inserm, U892, Nantes, France
- Univ Nantes, Nantes, France
- CNRS, UMR 6299, Nantes, France
| | - Yannick Guilloux
- Inserm, U892, Nantes, France
- Univ Nantes, Nantes, France
- CNRS, UMR 6299, Nantes, France
| | - Elisabeth Houssaint
- Inserm, U892, Nantes, France
- Univ Nantes, Nantes, France
- CNRS, UMR 6299, Nantes, France
| | - Béatrice Charreau
- Univ Nantes, Nantes, France
- Inserm, U1064, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nadine Gervois
- Inserm, U892, Nantes, France
- Univ Nantes, Nantes, France
- CNRS, UMR 6299, Nantes, France
- * E-mail:
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34
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Ansari AA, Mayne AE, Takahashi Y, Pattanapanyasat K. Incorporation of innate immune effector mechanisms in the formulation of a vaccine against HIV-1. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 780:143-59. [PMID: 21842371 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-5632-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The realization of a major role for events that occur during acute viremia that dictate the course of disease both in HIV-1 infected humans and susceptible SIV infected non-human primates has prompted an intense interest in studies of the contribution of innate immune effector mechanisms. It is reasoned that findings from such studies may be important and need to be incorporated into the design and formulation of potential candidate vaccines against HIV-1. This review serves to outline the various non-human primate models that can best serve to address this issue, a summary of our knowledge on the various subsets of NK cells (one of the major innate immune cell lineage) that have an impact on the course of disease, the potential pathways that regulate their function and the potential role of the KIRs on SIV-induced disease course. Finally, the major points from this report and the data presented on similar subjects by other investigators is utilized to provide a summary of the potential future directions that we need to take in efforts to move this field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab A Ansari
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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35
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Assessment of physiologic natural killer cell cytotoxicity in vitro. Hum Immunol 2011; 72:1007-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Revised: 07/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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36
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Hiby SE, Apps R, Sharkey AM, Farrell LE, Gardner L, Mulder A, Claas FH, Walker JJ, Redman CC, Morgan L, Tower C, Regan L, Moore GE, Carrington M, Moffett A. Maternal activating KIRs protect against human reproductive failure mediated by fetal HLA-C2. J Clin Invest 2010; 120:4102-10. [PMID: 20972337 PMCID: PMC2964995 DOI: 10.1172/jci43998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many common disorders of pregnancy are attributed to insufficient invasion of the uterine lining by trophoblast, fetal cells that are the major cell type of the placenta. Interactions between fetal trophoblast and maternal uterine NK (uNK) cells--specifically interactions between HLA-C molecules expressed by the fetal trophoblast cells and killer Ig-like receptors (KIRs) on the maternal uNK cells--influence placentation in human pregnancy. Consistent with this, pregnancies are at increased risk of preeclampsia in mothers homozygous for KIR haplotype A (KIR AA). In this study, we have demonstrated that trophoblast expresses both paternally and maternally inherited HLA-C surface proteins and that maternal KIR AA frequencies are increased in affected pregnancies only when the fetus has more group 2 HLA-C genes (C2) than the mother. These data raise the possibility that there is a deleterious allogeneic effect stemming from paternal C2. We found that this effect also occurred in other pregnancy disorders (fetal growth restriction and recurrent miscarriage), indicating a role early in gestation for these receptor/ligand pairs in the pathogenesis of reproductive failure. Notably, pregnancy disorders were less frequent in mothers that possessed the telomeric end of the KIR B haplotype, which contains activating KIR2DS1. In addition, uNK cells expressed KIR2DS1, which bound specifically to C2+ trophoblast cells. These findings highlight the complexity and central importance of specific combinations of activating KIR and HLA-C in maternal-fetal immune interactions that determine reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E. Hiby
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Apps
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M. Sharkey
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lydia E. Farrell
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Gardner
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arend Mulder
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frans H. Claas
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James J. Walker
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher C. Redman
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Morgan
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Tower
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley Regan
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gudrun E. Moore
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Carrington
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley Moffett
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Centre for Trophoblast Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Perinatal Research Group, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, St. James University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Genetics of Pre-eclampsia (GOPEC) consortium (
http://www.gopec.org).
Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Institute of Genetics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, St. Mary’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Clinical and Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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