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Patel FY, Upreti KK, Laxman RH, Shah NJ. Carrabiitol ®, a Novel Oligosaccharide Polyol Composition, Mitigates the Impact of Flooding, Drought, Salinity, and High Temperature in Tomato. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:356. [PMID: 38785838 PMCID: PMC11117548 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Abiotic stress results in various physiological and biochemical changes in plants. Osmolytes play a pivotal role in improving the tolerance to abiotic stress in plants. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a commercial formulation, Carrabiitol®, an oligosaccharide polyol composition, in alleviating adverse impacts of abiotic stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. var. Arka Rakshak) plants. Plants were raised from seed and treated with 1 mL/L, 2 mL/L, and 3 mL/L of Carrabiitol®. The foliage of developing plants was treated at the 2-3 leaf stage (T2, T3, and T4) and at pre-flowering stage (T5, T6, and T7). Growth conditions were compared with those of plants developed from untreated seed (T1). Developing tomato plants were then exposed to flooding, salinity (50 mM NaCl), high temperature (41.1 °C), or drought at the flowering stage. Plants were evaluated for their dry weight, leaf water potential, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, antioxidant potential, chlorophyll, carotenoid, glucose, sucrose, malondialdehyde, and proline contents. Pre-treated seed, which received a booster treatment at the 2-3 leaf stage (T4 = seed treatment and booster at the 2-3 leaf stage with 3 mL/L Carrabiitol®) and pre-flowering stages (T5, T6, and T7 = seed treatment and booster doses at the pre-flowering stage with 1, 2, and 3 mL/L Carrabiitol®, respectively), was effective in mitigating negative impacts on various growth parameters of stressed tomato plants (p < 0.05). Carrabiitol® may be an effective, sustainable, and bio-rational organic osmolyte formulation for reducing the effects of abiotic stress on plant growth and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femida Yunus Patel
- Agri Biochem Research Lab, M/s. Pushpa J. Shah, GIDC Panoli, Ankleshwar 394116, India
| | - Kaushal Kishore Upreti
- Division of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Horticulture Research, Indian Council of Agriculture Research, Bengaluru 560089, India
| | - Ramanna Hunashikatti Laxman
- Division of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Horticulture Research, Indian Council of Agriculture Research, Bengaluru 560089, India
| | - Neil Jaykumar Shah
- Agri Biochem Research Lab, M/s. Pushpa J. Shah, GIDC Panoli, Ankleshwar 394116, India
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Bajpai S, Shukla PS, Prithiviraj B, Critchley AT, Nivetha N. Editorial: Development of next generation bio stimulants for sustainable agriculture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1383749. [PMID: 38650704 PMCID: PMC11034610 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1383749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sruti Bajpai
- Marine Bio-Products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Pushp Sheel Shukla
- Marine Bio-Products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Balakrishnan Prithiviraj
- Marine Bio-Products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Alan T. Critchley
- Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and Environment, Cape Breton, NS, Canada
| | - Nagarajan Nivetha
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, India
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Nivetha N, Shukla PS, Nori SS, Kumar S, Suryanarayan S. A red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii-based biostimulant (AgroGain ®) improves the growth of Zea mays and impacts agricultural sustainability by beneficially priming rhizosphere soil microbial community. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1330237. [PMID: 38646629 PMCID: PMC11027899 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1330237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The overuse of chemical-based agricultural inputs has led to the degradation of soil with associated adverse effects on soil attributes and microbial population. This scenario leads to poor soil health and is reportedly on the rise globally. Additionally, chemical fertilizers pose serious risks to the ecosystem and human health. In this study, foliar sprays of biostimulant (AgroGain/LBS6) prepared from the cultivated, tropical red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii increased the phenotypic growth of Zea mays in terms of greater leaf area, total plant height, and shoot fresh and dry weights. In addition, LBS6 improved the accumulation of chlorophyll a and b, total carotenoids, total soluble sugars, amino acids, flavonoids, and phenolics in the treated plants. LBS6 applications also improved the total bacterial and fungal count in rhizospheric soil. The V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene from the soil metagenome was analyzed to study the abundance of bacterial communities which were increased in the rhizosphere of LBS6-treated plants. Treatments were found to enrich beneficial soil bacteria, i.e., Proteobacteria, especially the classes Alphaproteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, Verrucomicrobiota, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteriota and several other phyla related to plant growth promotion. A metagenomic study of those soil samples from LBS6-sprayed plants was correlated with functional potential of soil microbiota. Enrichment of metabolisms such as nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorous, plant defense, amino acid, co-factors, and vitamins was observed in soils grown with LBS6-sprayed plants. These results were further confirmed by a significant increase in the activity of soil enzymes such as urease, acid phosphatase, FDAse, dehydrogenase, catalase, and biological index of fertility in the rhizosphere of LBS6-treated corn plant. These findings conclude that the foliar application of LBS6 on Z. mays improves and recruits beneficial microbes and alters soil ecology in a sustainable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pushp Sheel Shukla
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, NCBS-TIFR Campus, Bengaluru, India
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Pacyga K, Pacyga P, Boba A, Kozak B, Wolko Ł, Kochneva Y, Michalak I. Potential of Plant-Based Extracts to Alleviate Sorbitol-Induced Osmotic Stress in Cabbage Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:843. [PMID: 38592867 PMCID: PMC10974712 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
In light of expected climate change, it is important to seek nature-based solutions that can contribute to the protection of our planet as well as to help overcome the emerging adverse changes. In an agricultural context, increasing plant resistance to abiotic stress seems to be crucial. Therefore, the scope of the presented research was focused on the application of botanical extracts that exerted positive effects on model plants growing under controlled laboratory conditions, as well as plants subjected to sorbitol-induced osmotic stress. Foliar spraying increased the length and fresh mass of the shoots (e.g., extracts from Taraxacum officinale, Trifolium pratense, and Pisum sativum) and the roots (e.g., Solidago gigantea, Hypericum perforatum, and Pisum sativum) of cabbage seedlings grown under stressful conditions, as well as their content of photosynthetic pigments (Pisum sativum, Lens culinaris, and Hypericum perforatum) along with total phenolic compounds (Hypericum perforatum, Taraxacum officinale, and Urtica dioica). The antioxidant activity of the shoots measured with the use of DDPH (Pisum sativum, Taraxacum officinale, Urtica dioica, and Hypericum perforatum), ABTS (Trifolium pratense, Symphytum officinale, Valeriana officinalis, Pisum sativum, and Lens culinaris), and FRAP (Symphytum officinale, Valeriana officinalis, Urtica dioica, Hypericum perforatum, and Taraxacum officinale) assays was also enhanced in plants exposed to osmotic stress. Based on these findings, the most promising formulation based on Symphytum officinale was selected and subjected to transcriptomic analysis. The modification of the expression of the following genes was noted: Bol029651 (glutathione S-transferase), Bol027348 (chlorophyll A-B binding protein), Bol015841 (S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferases), Bol009860 (chlorophyll A-B binding protein), Bol022819 (GDSL lipase/esterase), Bol036512 (heat shock protein 70 family), Bol005916 (DnaJ Chaperone), Bol028754 (pre-mRNA splicing Prp18-interacting factor), Bol009568 (heat shock protein Hsp90 family), Bol039362 (gibberellin regulated protein), Bol007693 (B-box-type zinc finger), Bol034610 (RmlC-like cupin domain superfamily), Bol019811 (myb_SHAQKYF: myb-like DNA-binding domain, SHAQKYF class), Bol028965 (DA1-like Protein). Gene Ontology functional analysis indicated that the application of the extract led to a decrease in the expression of many genes related to the response to stress and photosynthetic systems, which may confirm a reduction in the level of oxidative stress in plants treated with biostimulants. The conducted studies showed that the use of innovative plant-based products exerted positive effects on crops and can be used to supplement current cultivation practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pacyga
- Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paweł Pacyga
- Department of Thermodynamics and Renewable Energy Sources, Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Boba
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland; (A.B.); (Y.K.)
| | - Bartosz Kozak
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Wolko
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-632 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Yelyzaveta Kochneva
- Department of Genetic Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland; (A.B.); (Y.K.)
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-372 Wrocław, Poland;
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van den Burg S, Deolu-Ajayi AO, Nauta R, Cervi WR, van der Werf A, Poelman M, Wilbers GJ, Snethlage J, van Alphen M, van der Meer IM. Knowledge gaps on how to adapt crop production under changing saline circumstances in the Netherlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:170118. [PMID: 38232830 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Salinization, the increase and accumulation of salts in water and soil, impacts productivity of arable crops and is exacerbated by climate change. The Netherlands, like several other deltas and semi-arid regions, faces increasing salinization that negatively impacts agriculture and freshwater availability. Although a lot of salinity expertise exist in the Netherlands, several knowledge gaps on the impact of salinization in the Netherlands, as well as steps to facilitate closing this knowledge gaps to improve saline agriculture in the Netherlands, still exist. This review/opinion article moves beyond existing papers on salinization in bringing together various adaptation measures by thoroughly reviewing the measures through a triple P (People, Planet, Profit) lens. Five main salinity adaptation measures of the crop-soil-water continuum are 1) breeding and selection of salt tolerant varieties, 2) increased cultivation of halophytes, 3) soil management interventions, 4) use of biostimulants, and 5) irrigation techniques. These adaptation measures are described, discussed and analysed for their compliance to the sustainable development elements People, Planet and Profit. All five adaptation measures have potential positive impact on livelihood, contribute to food security and generate revenue but on the other hand, these measures may contribute to unwarranted changes of the ecosystem. The paper ends with a concluding chapter in which the bottlenecks and knowledge gaps that need resolving are identified based on the critical, including triple P, assessment of the discussed adaptation measures. Three key knowledge gaps on breeding, agronomy, environmental sciences and socioeconomics are identified with several approaches that lead to insights elucidated. Thereby informing on future research and action plans to optimize implementation of salinity adaptation measures in the Netherlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander van den Burg
- Wageningen Economic Research, Wageningen University and Research, P. O. Box 29703, 2502 LS The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Ayodeji O Deolu-Ajayi
- Wageningen Plant Research, Agrosystems Research, Wageningen University and Research, P. O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Reinier Nauta
- Wageningen Marine Research, Wageningen University and Research, P. O. Box 77, 4400 AB Yerseke, the Netherlands
| | - Walter Rossi Cervi
- Wageningen Economic Research, Wageningen University and Research, P. O. Box 29703, 2502 LS The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Adrie van der Werf
- Wageningen Plant Research, Agrosystems Research, Wageningen University and Research, P. O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marnix Poelman
- Wageningen Marine Research, Wageningen University and Research, P. O. Box 77, 4400 AB Yerseke, the Netherlands
| | - Gert-Jan Wilbers
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, P. O. Box 47, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Judit Snethlage
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, P. O. Box 47, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Monica van Alphen
- Wageningen Economic Research, Wageningen University and Research, P. O. Box 29703, 2502 LS The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid M van der Meer
- Wageningen Plant Research, Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research, P. O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Park KW, Kim JH, Jeong BG, Park JK, Jang HY, Oh YS, Kang KY. Increased Accumulation of Ginsenosides in Panax ginseng Sprouts Cultivated with Kelp Fermentates. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:463. [PMID: 38337995 PMCID: PMC10856821 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Currently, new agri-tech has been developed and adapted for the cultivation of crops using smart farming technologies, e.g., plant factories and hydroponics. Kelp (Laminaria japonica), which has a high industrial value, was considered as an alternative to chemicals for its eco-friendly and sustainably wide use in crop cultivation. In this study, a fermented kelp (FK) was developed for use in hydroponics. The FK contained various free and protein-bound amino acid compositions produced by fermenting the kelp with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Supplementing FK as an aeroponic medium when cultivating ginseng sprouts (GSs) elevated the total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Additionally, seven ginsenosides (Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rg2, Rb2, and Rd) in GSs cultivated with FK in a smart-farm system were identified and quantified by a high-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector/mass spectrometry analysis. Administering FK significantly increased the ginsenosides in the GSs compared to the control group, which was cultivated with tap water. These results indicate the FK administration contributed to the increased accumulation of ginsenosides in the GSs. Overall, this study suggests that FK, which contains abundant nutrients for plant growth, can be used as a novel nutrient solution to enhance the ginsenoside content in GSs during hydroponic cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kyung-Yun Kang
- R&D Team, Suncheon Research Center for Bio Health Care, Suncheon-si 57962, Republic of Korea; (K.-W.P.); (J.-H.K.); (B.-G.J.); (J.-K.P.); (H.-Y.J.); (Y.-S.O.)
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Akhyani DD, Agarwal P, Mesara S, Agarwal PK. Deciphering the potential of Sargassum tenerrimum extract: metabolic profiling and pathway analysis of groundnut ( Arachis hypogaea) in response to Sargassum extract and Sclerotium rolfsii. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:317-336. [PMID: 38623170 PMCID: PMC11016048 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01418-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Seaweed extracts have enormous potential as bio-stimulants and demonstrated increased growth and yield in different crops. The presence of physiologically active component stimulate plant stress signaling pathways, enhances growth and productivity, as well as serve as plant defense agents. The seaweed extracts can reduce the use of chemicals that harm the environment for disease management. In the present study, the Sargassum tenerrimum extract treatment was applied, alone and in combination with Sclerotium rolfsii, to Arachis hypogea, to study the differential metabolite expression. The majority of metabolites showed maximum accumulation with Sargassum extract-treated plants compared to fungus-treated plants. The different classes of metabolite compounds like sugars, carboxylic acids, polyols, showed integrated peaks in different treatments of plants. The sugars were higher in Sargassum extract and Sargassum extract + fungus treatments compared to control and fungus treatment, respectively. Interestingly, Sargassum extract + fungus treatment showed maximum accumulation of carboxylic acids. Pathway enrichment analysis showed regulation of different metabolites, highest impact with galactose metabolism pathway, identifying sucrose, myo-inositol, glycerol and fructose. The differential metabolite profiling and pathway analysis of groundnut in response to Sargassum extract and S. rolfsii help in understanding the groundnut- S. rolfsii interactions and the potential role of the Sargassum extract towards these interactions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01418-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanvi D. Akhyani
- Division of Plant Omics, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002 India
| | - Parinita Agarwal
- Division of Plant Omics, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002 India
| | - Sureshkumar Mesara
- Division of Plant Omics, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002 India
| | - Pradeep K. Agarwal
- Division of Plant Omics, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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Sun Y, Xie X, Jiang CJ. Antioxidant Agriculture for Stress-Resilient Crop Production: Field Practice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:164. [PMID: 38397762 PMCID: PMC10885882 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, resulting from the excessive production of reactive oxygen species, is a common and major cause of cellular damage in plants exposed to various abiotic stresses. To address this challenge, we introduce the concept of antioxidant agriculture as a comprehensive strategy to improve stress tolerance and thus crop productivity by minimizing oxidative stress levels in the field environment. This strategy encompasses a diverse range of approaches, including genetic engineering, the exogenous application of antioxidant agents, microbial inoculation, and agronomic practices, to reinforce the plant's intrinsic antioxidant defense system and mitigate oxidative stress. We present recent successful studies of antioxidant measures that have been validated in field conditions, along with our perspective on achieving antioxidant agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chang-Jie Jiang
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.S.); (X.X.)
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Shukla PS, Nivetha N, Nori SS, Kumar S, Critchley AT, Suryanarayan S. A biostimulant prepared from red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii induces flowering and improves the growth of Pisum sativum grown under optimum and nitrogen-limited conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1265432. [PMID: 38510831 PMCID: PMC10951999 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1265432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the critical elements required by plants and is therefore one of the important limiting factors for growth and yield. To increase agricultural productivity, farmers are using excessive N fertilizers to the soil, which poses a threat to the ecosystem, as most of the applied nitrogen fertilizer is not taken up by crops, and runoff to aquatic bodies and the environment causes eutrophication, pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, we used LBS6, a Kappaphycus alvarezii-based biostimulant as a sustainable alternative to improve the growth of plants under different NO3 - fertigation. A root drench treatment of 1 ml/L LBS6 significantly improved the growth of Pisum sativum plants grown under optimum and deficient N conditions. No significant difference was observed in the growth of LBS6-treated plants grown with excessive N. The application of LBS6 induced flowering under optimum and deficient N conditions. The total nitrogen, nitrate and ammonia contents of tissues were found to be higher in treated plants grown under N deficient conditions. The LBS6 treatments had significantly higher chlorophyll content in those plants grown under N-deficient conditions. The root drench application of LBS6 also regulated photosynthetic efficiency by modulating electron and proton transport-related processes of leaves in the light-adapted state. The rate of linear electron flux, proton conductivity and steady-state proton flux across the thylakoid membrane were found to be higher in LBS6-treated plants. Additionally, LBS6 also reduced nitrogen starvation-induced, reactive oxygen species accumulation by reduction in lipid peroxidation in treated plants. Gene expression analysis showed differential regulation of expression of those genes involved in N uptake, transport, assimilation, and remobilization in LBS6-treated plants. Taken together, LBS6 improved growth of those treated plants under optimum and nitrogen-limited condition by positively modulating their biochemical, molecular, and physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushp Sheel Shukla
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagarajan Nivetha
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sri Sailaja Nori
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sawan Kumar
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Alan T. Critchley
- Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and the Environment, Sydney, NS, Canada
| | - Shrikumar Suryanarayan
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Chanthini KMP, Senthil-Nathan S. Ecotoxicological Assessment of Seaweed-Based Crop Biostimulant on Earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae Kinb. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2753:331-338. [PMID: 38285348 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3625-1_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous extracts from green seaweeds Chaetomorpha antennina and Ulva flexuosa (SWE) had considerable impacts on the growth and development of tomato plants; it was evident that SWE could be widely applied as agricultural biostimulants as one among a promising strategy of sustainable agriculture. With a higher probability of SWE to replace synthetic agrochemicals, we describe a procedure here to perform an ecotoxicological assessment of liquid SWE on the earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae Kinb with respect to their growth, survivability, and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan
- Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tenkasi, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Weisser M, Mattner SW, Southam-Rogers L, Hepworth G, Arioli T. Effect of a Fortified Biostimulant Extract on Tomato Plant Productivity, Physiology, and Growing Media Properties. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:4. [PMID: 38202312 PMCID: PMC10780822 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The pursuit of sustainable and productive agriculture demands the exploration of innovative approaches to improve plant productivity and soil health. The utilization of natural agricultural biostimulants, such as extracts from seaweed, fish, and humus, has gained prominence as an ecological strategy to achieve this goal. In this study we investigated the effectiveness of a fortified biostimulant extract (FBE), composed of extracts from seaweed, fish, and humus, on tomato plant physiology, productivity, and growing media properties, and estimated carbon emissions associated with tomato production. The FBE was applied to the growing media of tomato plants produced in a greenhouse, in experiments over two growing seasons. The productivity assessments demonstrated that the application of FBE significantly increased tomato fruit yield by 20% and relative marketable fruit yield by 27%, and reduced estimated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with production by 29%. FBE treatment improved plant shoot and root biomass, accelerated flower and fruit set initiation, and increased chlorophyll content in leaves, resulting in enhanced plant physiology and advanced development. FBE treatment positively influenced the availability of crucial nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron in the growing media. FBE promoted the growth of total active microbes in the growing media, particularly the fungal population, which plays an important role in nutrient cycling and health. These findings highlight the beneficial effects of the FBE due to enhanced plant productivity and growth, improved fertility, the promotion of beneficial plant and growing media interactions, and the reduction in estimated GHG emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott William Mattner
- VSICA (Victorian Strawberry Industry Certification Authority) Research, Toolangi, VIC 3777, Australia;
- School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | | | - Graham Hepworth
- Statistical Consulting Centre, School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Tony Arioli
- Seasol R&D Department, Bayswater, VIC 3155, Australia;
- School of Life & Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
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12
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Asif A, Ali M, Qadir M, Karthikeyan R, Singh Z, Khangura R, Di Gioia F, Ahmed ZFR. Enhancing crop resilience by harnessing the synergistic effects of biostimulants against abiotic stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1276117. [PMID: 38173926 PMCID: PMC10764035 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1276117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Plants experience constant exposed to diverse abiotic stresses throughout their growth and development stages. Given the burgeoning world population, abiotic stresses pose significant challenges to food and nutritional security. These stresses are complex and influenced by both genetic networks and environmental factors, often resulting in significant crop losses, which can reach as high as fifty percent. To mitigate the effects of abiotic stresses on crops, various strategies rooted in crop improvement and genomics are being explored. In particular, the utilization of biostimulants, including bio-based compounds derived from plants and beneficial microbes, has garnered considerable attention. Biostimulants offer the potential to reduce reliance on artificial chemical agents while enhancing nutritional efficiency and promoting plant growth under abiotic stress condition. Commonly used biostimulants, which are friendly to ecology and human health, encompass inorganic substances (e.g., zinc oxide and silicon) and natural substances (e.g., seaweed extracts, humic substances, chitosan, exudates, and microbes). Notably, prioritizing environmentally friendly biostimulants is crucial to prevent issues such as soil degradation, air and water pollution. In recent years, several studies have explored the biological role of biostimulants in plant production, focusing particularly on their mechanisms of effectiveness in horticulture. In this context, we conducted a comprehensive review of the existing scientific literature to analyze the current status and future research directions concerning the use of various biostimulants, such as plant-based zinc oxide, silicon, selenium and aminobutyric acid, seaweed extracts, humic acids, and chitosan for enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Furthermore, we correlated the molecular modifications induced by these biostimulants with different physiological pathways and assessed their impact on plant performance in response to abiotic stresses, which can provide valuable insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Asif
- Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maratab Ali
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
- School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muslim Qadir
- Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Sciences, Lasbela, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Rajmohan Karthikeyan
- Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zora Singh
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Ravjit Khangura
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, Kensington, WA, Australia
| | - Francesco Di Gioia
- Department of Plant Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, College State, PA, United States
| | - Zienab F. R. Ahmed
- Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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13
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Tamburino R, Docimo T, Sannino L, Gualtieri L, Palomba F, Valletta A, Ruocco M, Scotti N. Enzyme-Based Biostimulants Influence Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Lactuca sativa L. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1765. [PMID: 38136636 PMCID: PMC10742310 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Biostimulants (BSs) are natural materials (i.e., organic or inorganic compounds, and/or microorganisms) having beneficial effects on plant growth and productivity, and able to improve resilience/tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, they represent an innovative alternative to the phyto- and agrochemicals, being environmentally friendly and a valuable tool to cope with extreme climate conditions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of several biomolecules (i.e., Xylanase, β-Glucosidase, Chitinase, and Tramesan), alone or in combinations, on lettuce plant growth and quality. With this aim, the influence of these biomolecules on biomass, pigment content, and antioxidant properties in treated plants were investigated. Our results showed that Xylanase and, to a lesser extent, β-Glucosidase, have potentially biostimulant activity for lettuce cultivation, positively influencing carotenoids, total polyphenols, and ascorbic acid contents; similar effects were found with respect to antioxidative properties. Furthermore, the effect of the more promising molecules (Xylanase and β-Glucosidase) was also evaluated in kiwifruit cultured cells to test their putative role as sustainable input for plant cell biofactories. The absence of phytotoxic effects of both molecules at low doses (0.1 and 0.01 µM), and the significantly enhanced cell biomass growth, indicates a positive impact on kiwifruit cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Tamburino
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse (CNR-IBBR), 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.T.); (T.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Teresa Docimo
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse (CNR-IBBR), 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.T.); (T.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Lorenza Sannino
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse (CNR-IBBR), 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.T.); (T.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Liberata Gualtieri
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR-IPSP), 80055 Portici, Italy; (L.G.); (F.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Francesca Palomba
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR-IPSP), 80055 Portici, Italy; (L.G.); (F.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Alessio Valletta
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Michelina Ruocco
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR-IPSP), 80055 Portici, Italy; (L.G.); (F.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Nunzia Scotti
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse (CNR-IBBR), 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.T.); (T.D.); (L.S.)
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14
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Yonny ME, Toscano Adamo ML, Rodríguez Torresi A, Reversat G, Zhou B, Oger C, Galano JM, Durand T, Vigor C, Nazareno MA. Oxidative stress mitigation in horticultural crops using foliar applications of Ilex paraguariensis extract: a dose-dependent study. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14066. [PMID: 38148241 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress has been shown to induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant cells. When the level of ROS surpasses the capacity of the endogenous defence mechanism, oxidative stress status is reached, leading to plant damage and a drop in crop productivity. Under oxidative stress conditions, ROS can react with polyunsaturated fatty acids to form oxidized derivatives called phytoprostanes (PhytoPs) and phytofurans (PhytoFs), which are recognized as biomarkers of oxidative damage advance. Modern agriculture proposes the use of biostimulants as a sustainable strategy to alleviate the negative effects of oxidative stress on plants. This work evaluates the dose effect of natural antioxidant extract to mitigate the oxidative-stress deleterious effects in melon and sweet pepper exposed to thermal stress. The plants were sprayed with Ilex paraguariensis (IP) aqueous extract in three different concentrations before exposure to abiotic stress. PhytoP and PhytoF levels were determined in the leaves of melon and pepper plants. IP1 and IP2 were effective against oxidative stress in both plants, with IP1 being the most protective one. IP1 decreased the levels of PhytoPs and PhytoFs by roughly 44% in both melon plants and pepper plants. The yield, with IP1, increased by 57 and 39% in stressed melon and pepper plants, respectively. IP3 foliar application in melon plants induced a pro-oxidant effect rather than the expected mitigating action. However, in sweet pepper plants, IP3 decreased the oxidative stress progress and increased the fruit yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa E Yonny
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas- Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias -Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. CONICET. Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | - María L Toscano Adamo
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas- Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias -Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. CONICET. Santiago del Estero, Argentina
| | | | - Guillaume Reversat
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Binqging Zhou
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Faculté de Pharmacie, Montpellier, France
| | - Mónica A Nazareno
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas- Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias -Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. CONICET. Santiago del Estero, Argentina
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15
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Melash AA, Bogale AA, Bytyqi B, Nyandi MS, Ábrahám ÉB. Nutrient management: as a panacea to improve the caryopsis quality and yield potential of durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum L.) under the changing climatic conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1232675. [PMID: 37701803 PMCID: PMC10493400 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1232675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The increasing human population and the changing climate, which have given rise to frequent drought spells, pose a serious threat to global food security, while identification of high-yielding drought-tolerant genotypes coupled with nutrient management remains a proficient approach to cope with these challenges. An increase in seasonal temperature, recurring drought stress, and elevated atmospheric CO2 are alarmingly affecting durum wheat production, productivity, grain quality, and the human systems it supports. An increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide can improve wheat grain yield in a certain amount, but the right amount of nutrients, water, and other required conditions should be met to realize this benefit. Nutrients including nitrogen, silicon, and sulfur supply could alleviate the adverse effects of abiotic stress by enhancing antioxidant defense and improving nitrogen assimilation, although the effects on plant tolerance to drought stress varied with nitrogen ionic forms. The application of sewage sludge to durum wheat also positively impacts its drought stress tolerance by triggering high accumulation of osmoregulators, improving water retention capacity in the soil, and promoting root growth. These beneficial effect of nutrients contribute to durum wheat ability to withstand and recover from abiotic stress conditions, ultimately enhance its productivity and resilience. While these nutrients can provide benefits when applied in appropriate amounts, their excessive use can lead to adverse environmental consequences. Advanced technologies such as precision nutrient management, unmanned aerial vehicle-based spraying, and anaerobic digestion play significant roles in reducing the negative effects associated with nutrients like sewage sludge, zinc, nanoparticles and silicon fertilizers. Hence, nutrient management practices offer significant potential to enhance the caryopsis quality and yield potential of durum wheat. Through implementing tailored nutrient management strategies, farmers, breeders, and agronomists can contribute to sustainable durum wheat production, ensuring food security and maintaining the economic viability of the crop under the changing climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anteneh Agezew Melash
- Kálmán Kerpely Doctoral School of Crop Production and Horticultural Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Debark University, Debark, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Assefa Bogale
- Institute of Crop Production, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Bekir Bytyqi
- Kálmán Kerpely Doctoral School of Crop Production and Horticultural Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Muhoja Sylivester Nyandi
- Kálmán Kerpely Doctoral School of Crop Production and Horticultural Science, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Babett Ábrahám
- Faculty of Agricultural, Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Crop Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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16
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Spagnuolo D, Bressi V, Chiofalo MT, Morabito M, Espro C, Genovese G, Iannazzo D, Trifilò P. Using the Aqueous Phase Produced from Hydrothermal Carbonization Process of Brown Seaweed to Improve the Growth of Phaseolus vulgaris. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2745. [PMID: 37514359 PMCID: PMC10383230 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Seaweeds are considered a biomass for third-generation biofuel, and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a valuable process for efficiently disposing of the excess of macroalgae biomass for conversion into multiple value-added products. However, the HTC process produces a liquid phase to be disposed of. The present study aims to investigate the effects of seed-priming treatment with three HTC-discarded liquid phases (namely AHL180, AHL240, and AHL300), obtained from different experimental procedures, on seed germination and plant growth and productivity of Phaseolus vulgaris L. To disentangle the osmotic effects from the use of AHL, isotonic solutions of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 have also been tested. Seed germination was not affected by AHL seed-priming treatment. In contrast, PEG-treated samples showed significantly lower seed germination success. AHL-treated samples showed changes in plant biomass: higher shoot biomass was recorded especially in AHL180 samples. Conversely, AHL240 and AHL300 samples showed higher root biomass. The higher plant biomass values recorded in AHL-treated samples were the consequence of higher values of photosynthesis rate and water use efficiency, which, in turn, were related to higher stomatal density. Recorded data strongly support the hypothesis of the AHL solution reuse in agriculture in the framework of resource management and circular green economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Spagnuolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Viviana Bressi
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada di Dio, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Chiofalo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Marina Morabito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Claudia Espro
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada di Dio, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Genovese
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Iannazzo
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada di Dio, Vill. S. Agata, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Patrizia Trifilò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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17
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Santoro DF, Puglisi I, Sicilia A, Baglieri A, La Bella E, Lo Piero AR. Transcriptomic profile of lettuce seedlings ( Lactuca sativa) response to microalgae extracts used as biostimulant agents. AOB PLANTS 2023; 15:plad043. [PMID: 37434759 PMCID: PMC10332502 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plad043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and maximize agricultural yields, the use of microalgae extracts as biostimulants has recently attracted significant attention due to their favourable impact on both plant growth and their ability to induce tolerance towards environmental stressors. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is one of the most important fresh vegetables that often requires applications of chemical fertilizers to increase quality and productivity. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to analyse the transcriptome reprogramming of lettuce (L. sativa) seedlings in response to either Chlorella vulgaris or Scenedesmus quadricauda extracts by applying an RNAseq approach. Differential gene expression analysis revealed that the core gene set that responded to microalgal treatments in a species-independent manner includes 1330 clusters, 1184 of which were down-regulated and 146 up-regulated, clearly suggesting that the repression of gene expression is the main effect of algal treatments. The deregulation of 7197 transcripts in the C. vulgaris treated seedlings compared to control samples (LsCv vs. LsCK) and 7118 transcripts in the S. quadricauda treated seedlings compared to control samples (LsSq vs. LsCK) were counted. Although the number of deregulated genes turned out to be similar between the algal treatments, the level of deregulation was higher in LsCv versus LsCK than in LsSq versus LsCK. In addition, 2439 deregulated transcripts were observed in the C. vulgaris treated seedlings compared to S. quadricauda treated samples (LsCv vs. LsSq comparison) suggesting that a specific transcriptomic profile was induced by the single algal extracts. 'Plant hormone signal transduction' category includes a very elevated number of DEGs, many of them specifically indicating that C. vulgaris actives both genes involved in the auxin biosynthesis and transduction pathways, whereas S. quadricauda up-regulates genes implicated in the cytokinin biosynthesis pathway. Finally, algal treatments induced the deregulation of genes encoding small hormone-like molecules that are known to act alone or by interacting with major plant hormones. In conclusion, this study offers the groundwork to draw up a list of putative gene targets with the aim of lettuce genetic improvement that will allow a limited or even null use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in the management of this crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo F Santoro
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, via Santa Sofia 98, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Ivana Puglisi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, via Santa Sofia 98, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Angelo Sicilia
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, via Santa Sofia 98, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Baglieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, via Santa Sofia 98, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuele La Bella
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, via Santa Sofia 98, 95123 Catania, Italy
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18
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Mukarram M, Khan MMA, Kurjak D, Corpas FJ. Chitosan oligomers (COS) trigger a coordinated biochemical response of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) plants to palliate salinity-induced oxidative stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8636. [PMID: 37244976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35931-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant susceptibility to salt depends on several factors from its genetic makeup to modifiable physiological and biochemical status. We used lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) plants as a relevant medicinal and aromatic cash crop to assess the potential benefits of chitosan oligomers (COS) on plant growth and essential oil productivity during salinity stress (160 and 240 mM NaCl). Five foliar sprays of 120 mg L-1 of COS were applied weekly. Several aspects of photosynthesis, gas exchange, cellular defence, and essential oil productivity of lemongrass were traced. The obtained data indicated that 120 mg L-1 COS alleviated photosynthetic constraints and raised the enzymatic antioxidant defence including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) activities that minimised salt-induced oxidative damage. Further, stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthetic CO2 assimilation (A) were improved to support overall plant development. The same treatment increased geraniol dehydrogenase (GeDH) activity and lemongrass essential oil production. COS-induced salt resilience suggests that COS could become a useful biotechnological tool in reclaiming saline soil for improved crop productivity, especially when such soil is unfit for leading food crops. Considering its additional economic value in the essential oil industry, we propose COS-treated lemongrass as an excellent alternative crop for saline lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mukarram
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
- Department of Phytology, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 96001, Zvolen, Slovakia.
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Daniel Kurjak
- Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 96001, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Group of Antioxidant, Free Radical and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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19
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Dos Santos GS, de Souza TL, Teixeira TR, Brandão JPC, Santana KA, Barreto LHS, Cunha SDS, Dos Santos DCMB, Caffrey CR, Pereira NS, de Freitas Santos Júnior A. Seaweeds and Corals from the Brazilian Coast: Review on Biotechnological Potential and Environmental Aspects. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114285. [PMID: 37298760 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Brazil has a megadiversity that includes marine species that are distributed along 800 km of shoreline. This biodiversity status holds promising biotechnological potential. Marine organisms are important sources of novel chemical species, with applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, chemical, and nutraceutical fields. However, ecological pressures derived from anthropogenic actions, including the bioaccumulation of potentially toxic elements and microplastics, impact promising species. This review describes the current status of the biotechnological and environmental aspects of seaweeds and corals from the Brazilian coast, including publications from the last 5 years (from January 2018 to December 2022). The search was conducted in the main public databases (PubChem, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar) and in the Espacenet database (European Patent Office-EPO) and the Brazilian National Property Institute (INPI). Bioprospecting studies were reported for seventy-one seaweed species and fifteen corals, but few targeted the isolation of compounds. The antioxidant potential was the most investigated biological activity. Despite being potential sources of macro- and microelements, there is a literature gap regarding the presence of potentially toxic elements and other emergent contaminants, such as microplastics, in seaweeds and corals from the Brazilian coast.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thais Luz de Souza
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, BA, Brazil
| | - Thaiz Rodrigues Teixeira
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Keila Almeida Santana
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia, Salvador 41150-000, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Samantha de Souza Cunha
- Department of Exact and Earths Sciences, State University of Bahia, Salvador 41150-000, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Conor R Caffrey
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Natan Silva Pereira
- Department of Exact and Earths Sciences, State University of Bahia, Salvador 41150-000, BA, Brazil
| | - Aníbal de Freitas Santos Júnior
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia, Salvador 41150-000, BA, Brazil
- Department of Exact and Earths Sciences, State University of Bahia, Salvador 41150-000, BA, Brazil
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20
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Raja B, Vidya R. Application of seaweed extracts to mitigate biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:641-661. [PMID: 37363418 PMCID: PMC10284787 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture sector is facing a lot of constraints such as climate change, increasing population and the use of chemicals, and fertilizers which have significant influence on sustainability. The excessive usage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has created a significant risk to humans, animals, plants, and the environment. To reduce the dependency on chemical fertilizers and pesticides a biological-based alternative is required. Seaweeds are essential marine resources that contain bioactive compounds and they have several uses in agriculture. The use of seaweed extracts in agriculture can mitigate stress, enhance nutrient efficiency, and boost plant growth. The use of seaweed extracts and their components activate several signaling pathways and defense-related genes/enzymes. In this review, an attempt has been made to explain how seaweed extracts and their bioactive components induce tolerance and promote growth under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Raja
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning (VAIAL), School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014 India
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning (VAIAL), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014 India
| | - Radhakrishnan Vidya
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning (VAIAL), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014 India
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21
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Ikuyinminu E, Goñi O, Łangowski Ł, O'Connell S. Transcriptome, Biochemical and Phenotypic Analysis of the Effects of a Precision Engineered Biostimulant for Inducing Salinity Stress Tolerance in Tomato. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086988. [PMID: 37108156 PMCID: PMC10138596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity stress is a major problem affecting plant growth and crop productivity. While plant biostimulants have been reported to be an effective solution to tackle salinity stress in different crops, the key genes and metabolic pathways involved in these tolerance processes remain unclear. This study focused on integrating phenotypic, physiological, biochemical and transcriptome data obtained from different tissues of Solanum lycopersicum L. plants (cv. Micro-Tom) subjected to a saline irrigation water program for 61 days (EC: 5.8 dS/m) and treated with a combination of protein hydrolysate and Ascophyllum nodosum-derived biostimulant, namely PSI-475. The biostimulant application was associated with the maintenance of higher K+/Na+ ratios in both young leaf and root tissue and the overexpression of transporter genes related to ion homeostasis (e.g., NHX4, HKT1;2). A more efficient osmotic adjustment was characterized by a significant increase in relative water content (RWC), which most likely was associated with osmolyte accumulation and upregulation of genes related to aquaporins (e.g., PIP2.1, TIP2.1). A higher content of photosynthetic pigments (+19.8% to +27.5%), increased expression of genes involved in photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll biosynthesis (e.g., LHC, PORC) and enhanced primary carbon and nitrogen metabolic mechanisms were observed, leading to a higher fruit yield and fruit number (47.5% and 32.5%, respectively). Overall, it can be concluded that the precision engineered PSI-475 biostimulant can provide long-term protective effects on salinity stressed tomato plants through a well-defined mode of action in different plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elomofe Ikuyinminu
- Plant Biostimulant Group, Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Munster Technological University-Tralee (South Campus), Clash, V92 CX88 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland
- Brandon Bioscience, V92 N6C8 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland
| | - Oscar Goñi
- Plant Biostimulant Group, Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Munster Technological University-Tralee (South Campus), Clash, V92 CX88 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland
- Brandon Bioscience, V92 N6C8 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland
| | | | - Shane O'Connell
- Plant Biostimulant Group, Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Munster Technological University-Tralee (South Campus), Clash, V92 CX88 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland
- Brandon Bioscience, V92 N6C8 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland
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22
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Chaudhary N, Kothari D, Walia S, Ghosh A, Vaghela P, Kumar R. Biostimulant enhances growth and corm production of saffron ( Crocus sativus L.) in non-traditional areas of North western Himalayas. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1097682. [PMID: 36875593 PMCID: PMC9975171 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1097682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The usage of seaweed extracts in cropping systems is gaining attention nowadays due to their distinct bioactive properties. This study aims to assess how saffron (Crocus sativus L.) corm production was affected by seaweed extract through different application modes. The study was conducted at the CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, HP, India, during the autumn-winter agricultural cycle. Five treatments using a combination of Kappaphycus and Sargassum seaweed extracts were replicated five times in a randomized block design. Treatments that were examined include T1: Control, T2: Corm dipping @ 5% seaweed extract, T3: Foliar spray @ 5% seaweed extract, T4: Drenching @ 5% seaweed extract, and T5: Corm dipping + foliar spray @ 5% seaweed extract. Seaweed extract, when applied to saffron plants (T5: Corm dipping + foliar spray @ 5% seaweed extract) resulted in significantly higher growth parameters along with the higher dry weight of stem, leaves, corms, and total roots per corm. Corm production, viz., the number of daughter corms and corm weight per m2 was significantly affected by seaweed extract application, with the maximum value recorded with treatment T5. Biochemical parameters chlorophyll, carotenoids, and photosynthetic rate were higher in T5, while nutrient concentration was lowest in this treatment. Seaweed extracts improved corm production, making it a feasible alternative to limiting the application of conventional fertilizers, attenuating the effects on the environment, and enhancing corm number and weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Chaudhary
- Agrotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
| | - Deepak Kothari
- Agrotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Swati Walia
- Agrotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
| | - Arup Ghosh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Pradipkumar Vaghela
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- CSIR- Central Salt and Marine Research Institute, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Agrotechnology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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23
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Domingo G, Marsoni M, Álvarez-Viñas M, Torres MD, Domínguez H, Vannini C. The Role of Protein-Rich Extracts from Chondrus crispus as Biostimulant and in Enhancing Tolerance to Drought Stress in Tomato Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:845. [PMID: 36840193 PMCID: PMC9963589 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The application of seaweed extract-based biostimulants is a promising approach for achieving sustainable agriculture, with an enormous potential of improving crop yield and mitigating climate change effects. Abiotic stressors, such as drought, are major factors resulting in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) yield losses and seaweed-based biostimulants have been proposed as an eco-friendly strategy to counteract this negative impact. Chondrus crispus is a common red seaweed widely used as source of carrageenans, not yet explored as a plant biostimulant. In this study, a protein hydrolysate-rich C. crispus extract, by-products of the carrageenan extraction, was tested on tomato plants under well-watered condition and water shortage. The foliar application of the protein-rich C. crispus extract conferred drought tolerance to tomato plants resulting in less noticeable visual stress symptoms. Treated plants showed higher shoot height and biomass under both well-watered and water deficit conditions, evidencing the double effect exerted by this new biostimulant, as plant growth promoter and drought stress protector. The treatment with the biostimulant had an effect on levels of abscisic acid and proline, and triggered the expression of Solyc02g084840, a drought marker gene. Finally, a label-free mass spectrometric approach allowed us to identify phycoerythrins and phycocyanins as major bioactive proteins contained in the extract. Altogether, these results indicate that the foliar application of protein hydrolysate-rich extracts from C. crispus improved tomato plant growth and tolerance to drought stress, suggesting a new opportunity for further applications in the agriculture and horticultural sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Domingo
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Milena Marsoni
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Milena Álvarez-Viñas
- CINBIO, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Ourense, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - M. Dolores Torres
- CINBIO, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Ourense, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Herminia Domínguez
- CINBIO, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Ourense, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Candida Vannini
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
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24
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Zhang L, Freschi G, Rouphael Y, De Pascale S, Lucini L. The differential modulation of secondary metabolism induced by a protein hydrolysate and a seaweed extract in tomato plants under salinity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1072782. [PMID: 36726679 PMCID: PMC9884811 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1072782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and abiotic stress challenges in crops are threatening world food production. Among others, salinity affects the agricultural sector by significantly impacting yield losses. Plant biostimulants have received increasing attention in the agricultural industry due to their ability to improve health and resilience in crops. The main driving force of these products lies in their ability to modulate plant metabolic processes involved in the stress response. This study's purpose was to investigate the effect of two biostimulant products, including a protein hydrolysate (Clever HX®) and a seaweed extract with high amino acids content (Ascovip®), and their combination, on the metabolomics profile of tomato crops grown under salt stress (150 mM NaCl). Several stress indicators (leaf relative water content, membrane stability index, and photosynthesis activity) and leaf mineral composition after salinity stress exposure were assessed to evaluate stress mitigation, together with growth parameters (shoot and root biomasses). After that, an untargeted metabolomics approach was used to investigate the mechanism of action of the biostimulants and their link with the increased resilience to stress. The application of the biostimulants used reduced the detrimental effect of salinity. In saline conditions, protein hydrolysate improved shoot dry weight while seaweed extracts improved root dry weight. Regarding stress indicators, the application of the protein hydrolysate was found to alleviate the membrane damage caused by salinity stress compared to untreated plants. Surprisingly, photosynthetic activity significantly improved after treatment with seaweed extracts, suggesting a close correlation between root development, root water assimilation capacity and photosynthetic activity. Considering the metabolic reprogramming after plant biostimulants application, protein hydrolysates and their combination with seaweed extracts reported a distinctive metabolic profile modulation, mainly in secondary metabolite, lipids and fatty acids, and phytohormones biosynthetic pathways. However, treatment with seaweed extract reported a similar metabolic reprogramming trend compared to salinity stress. Our findings indicate a different mechanism of action modulated by protein hydrolysate and seaweed extract, suggesting stronger activity as a stress mitigator of protein hydrolysate in tomato crops under salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | | | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Stefania De Pascale
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
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25
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Benito P, Ligorio D, Bellón J, Yenush L, Mulet JM. Use of Yucca ( Yucca schidigera) Extracts as Biostimulants to Promote Germination and Early Vigor and as Natural Fungicides. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:274. [PMID: 36678987 PMCID: PMC9865292 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is increasing drought and salinity in many cultivated areas, therefore threatening food production. There is a great demand for novel agricultural inputs able to maintain yield under the conditions imposed by the anthropogenic global warming. Biostimulants have been proposed as a useful tool to achieve this objective. We have investigated the biostimulant effect of different yucca (Yucca schidigera) extracts on plant growth at different stages of development under different abiotic stress conditions. The extracts were tested in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, and in three different crops; tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var microtom), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa var romana). We have found that the investigated extracts are able to promote germination and early vigor under drought/osmotic and salt stress induced either by sodium chloride or lithium chloride. This effect is particularly strong in Arabidopsis thaliana and in the Brassicaceae broccoli. We have also determined using antibiograms against the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that the evaluated extracts may be used also as a natural fungicide. The results in this report show that yucca extracts may be used to enhance early vigor in some crops and as a natural fungicide, providing a new and useful tool for farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Benito
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Caldic Ibérica, S. L. U. Llobateras 23–25, pol.ind. Santiga, Barberà del Vallés, 08210 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniele Ligorio
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Bellón
- Caldic Ibérica, S. L. U. Llobateras 23–25, pol.ind. Santiga, Barberà del Vallés, 08210 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lynne Yenush
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - José M. Mulet
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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26
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Shukla PS, Nivetha N, Nori SS, Bose D, Kumar S, Khandelwal S, Critchley A, Suryanarayan S. Understanding the mode of action of AgroGain ®, a biostimulant derived from the red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii in the stimulation of cotyledon expansion and growth of Cucumis sativa (cucumber). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1136563. [PMID: 37089639 PMCID: PMC10118050 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1136563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Seaweed-based biostimulants are sustainable agriculture inputs that are known to have a multitude of beneficial effects on plant growth and productivity. This study demonstrates that Agrogain® (Product code: LBS6), a Kappaphycus alvarezii-derived biostimulant induced the expansion of cucumber cotyledons. Seven days treatment of LBS6-supplementation showed a 29.2% increase in area of expanded cotyledons, as compared to the control. LBS6-treated cotyledons also showed higher amylase activity, suggesting starch to sucrose conversion was used efficiently as an energy source during expansion. To understand the mechanisms of LBS6-induced expansion, real time gene expression analysis was carried out. This revealed that LBS6-treated cotyledons differentially modulated the expression of genes involved in cell division, cell number, cell expansion and cell size. LBS6 treatment also differentially regulated the expression of those genes involved in auxin and cytokinin metabolism. Further, foliar application of LBS6 on cucumber plants being grown under hydroponic conditions showed improved plant growth as compared to the control. The total leaf area of LBS6-sprayed plants increased by 19.1%, as compared to control. LBS6-sprayed plants efficiently regulated photosynthetic quenching by reducing loss via non-photochemical and non-regulatory quenching. LBS6 applications also modulated changes in the steady-state photosynthetic parameters of the cucumber leaves. It was demonstrated that LBS6 treatment modulated the electron and proton transport related pathways which help plants to efficiently utilize the photosynthetic radiation for optimal growth. These results provide clear evidence that bioactive compounds present in LBS6 improved the growth of cucumber plants by regulating the physiological as well as developmental pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushp Sheel Shukla
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- *Correspondence: Pushp Sheel Shukla, ; Sri Sailaja Nori,
| | - Nagarajan Nivetha
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sri Sailaja Nori
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- *Correspondence: Pushp Sheel Shukla, ; Sri Sailaja Nori,
| | - Debayan Bose
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sawan Kumar
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sachin Khandelwal
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Alan Critchley
- Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and the Environment, Sydney, NS, Canada
| | - Shrikumar Suryanarayan
- Research and Development Division, Sea6 Energy Private Limited, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Platforms, National Centre for Biological Sciences-Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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27
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Jíménez-Arias D, Morales-Sierra S, Silva P, Carrêlo H, Gonçalves A, Ganança JFT, Nunes N, Gouveia CSS, Alves S, Borges JP, Pinheiro de Carvalho MÂA. Encapsulation with Natural Polymers to Improve the Properties of Biostimulants in Agriculture. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:plants12010055. [PMID: 36616183 PMCID: PMC9823467 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation in agriculture today is practically focused on agrochemicals such as pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, or fertilizers to enhance the protective or nutritive aspects of the entrapped active ingredients. However, one of the most promising and environmentally friendly technologies, biostimulants, is hardly explored in this field. Encapsulation of biostimulants could indeed be an excellent means of counteracting the problems posed by their nature: they are easily biodegradable, and most of them run off through the soil, losing most of the compounds, thus becoming inaccessible to plants. In this respect, encapsulation seems to be a practical and profitable way to increase the stability and durability of biostimulants under field conditions. This review paper aims to provide researchers working on plant biostimulants with a quick overview of how to get started with encapsulation. Here we describe different techniques and offer protocols and suggestions for introduction to polymer science to improve the properties of biostimulants for future agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jíménez-Arias
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Sarai Morales-Sierra
- Grupo de Biología Vegetal Aplicada, Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal-Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida, Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38071 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Patrícia Silva
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Faculty of Exact Sciences and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Henrique Carrêlo
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Adriana Gonçalves
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - José Filipe Teixeira Ganança
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Nuno Nunes
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- CiTAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carla S. S. Gouveia
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- CiTAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Sónia Alves
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Borges
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro de Carvalho
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- CiTAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
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28
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Jindo K, Goron TL, Pizarro-Tobías P, Sánchez-Monedero MÁ, Audette Y, Deolu-Ajayi AO, van der Werf A, Goitom Teklu M, Shenker M, Pombo Sudré C, Busato JG, Ochoa-Hueso R, Nocentini M, Rippen J, Aroca R, Mesa S, Delgado MJ, Tortosa G. Application of biostimulant products and biological control agents in sustainable viticulture: A review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:932311. [PMID: 36330258 PMCID: PMC9623300 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.932311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Current and continuing climate change in the Anthropocene epoch requires sustainable agricultural practices. Additionally, due to changing consumer preferences, organic approaches to cultivation are gaining popularity. The global market for organic grapes, grape products, and wine is growing. Biostimulant and biocontrol products are often applied in organic vineyards and can reduce the synthetic fertilizer, pesticide, and fungicide requirements of a vineyard. Plant growth promotion following application is also observed under a variety of challenging conditions associated with global warming. This paper reviews different groups of biostimulants and their effects on viticulture, including microorganisms, protein hydrolysates, humic acids, pyrogenic materials, and seaweed extracts. Of special interest are biostimulants with utility in protecting plants against the effects of climate change, including drought and heat stress. While many beneficial effects have been reported following the application of these materials, most studies lack a mechanistic explanation, and important parameters are often undefined (e.g., soil characteristics and nutrient availability). We recommend an increased study of the underlying mechanisms of these products to enable the selection of proper biostimulants, application methods, and dosage in viticulture. A detailed understanding of processes dictating beneficial effects in vineyards following application may allow for biostimulants with increased efficacy, uptake, and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Jindo
- Agrosystems Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Travis L. Goron
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Paloma Pizarro-Tobías
- Faculty of Computer Sciences, Multimedia and Telecommunication, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Monedero
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Agencia Estatal CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - Yuki Audette
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Chitose Laboratory Corp., Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | - Adrie van der Werf
- Agrosystems Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Moshe Shenker
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Cláudia Pombo Sudré
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
| | - Jader Galba Busato
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Raúl Ochoa-Hueso
- Department of Biology, IVAGRO, Agroalimentario, Campus del Rio San Pedro, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marco Nocentini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali (DAGRI), Università degli Studi Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Ricardo Aroca
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Agencia Estatal CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Socorro Mesa
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Agencia Estatal CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - María J. Delgado
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Agencia Estatal CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Germán Tortosa
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ), Agencia Estatal CSIC, Granada, Spain
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29
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Effects of Fermented Seaweed Fertilizer Treatment on Paddy Amino Acid Content and Rhizosphere Microbiome Community. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8090420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Seaweed has often been reported on for it potential bioresources for fertilizers to improve crop productivity and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers (CF). However, little is known about the nutritional status of the crop grown with the implementation of seaweed fertilizers (SF). In this study, the amino acid content of rice produced by SF implementation was evaluated. Furthermore, the rhizosphere bacterial community was also investigated. The paddy seedlings were divided into five groups, control (C0), chemical fertilizer (CF), seaweed fertilizer (SF), chemical and seaweed fertilizer combination 25:75 (CFSF1), and chemical and fertilizer combination 50:50 (CFSF2). The CFSF2 group shown significantly better growth characteristics compared to other groups. Based on the concentration of macronutrients (N, P, K) in paddy leaf, CFSF2 also shown the best results. This also correlates with the abundant amino acid composition in CFSF2 in almost all tested amino acids, namely, serine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, valine, glycine, tyrosine, proline, threonine, histidine, and arginine. Interestingly, beneficial bacteria Rhizobiales were significantly higher in CFSF2-treated soil (58%) compared to CF (29%). Another important group, Vicinamibacterales, was also significantly higher in CFSF2 (58%) compared to CF (7%). Hence, these potentially contributed to the high rice amino acid content and yield in the CFSF2-treated paddy. However, further field-scale studies are needed to confirm the bioindustrial application of seaweed in agricultural systems.
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