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Shi R, Chen KL, Fern J, Deng S, Liu Y, Scalise D, Huang Q, Cowan NJ, Gracias DH, Schulman R. Programming gel automata shapes using DNA instructions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7773. [PMID: 39237499 PMCID: PMC11377784 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The ability to transform matter between numerous physical states or shapes without wires or external devices is a major challenge for robotics and materials design. Organisms can transform their shapes using biomolecules carrying specific information and localize at sites where transitions occur. Here, we introduce gel automata, which likewise can transform between a large number of prescribed shapes in response to a combinatorial library of biomolecular instructions. Gel automata are centimeter-scale materials consisting of multiple micro-segments. A library of DNA activator sequences can each reversibly grow or shrink different micro-segments by polymerizing or depolymerizing within them. We develop DNA activator designs that maximize the extent of growth and shrinking, and a photolithography process for precisely fabricating gel automata with elaborate segmentation patterns. Guided by simulations of shape change and neural networks that evaluate gel automata designs, we create gel automata that reversibly transform between multiple, wholly distinct shapes: four different letters and every even or every odd numeral. The sequential and repeated metamorphosis of gel automata demonstrates how soft materials and robots can be digitally programmed and reprogrammed with information-bearing chemical signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohong Shi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kuan-Lin Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua Fern
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Siming Deng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics (LCSR), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yixin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dominic Scalise
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Noah J Cowan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics (LCSR), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David H Gracias
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Center for MicroPhysiological Systems (MPS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Rebecca Schulman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics (LCSR), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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2
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Sun J, Luo T, Zhao M, Zhang L, Zhao Z, Yu T, Yan Y. Hydrogels and Aerogels for Versatile Photo-/Electro-Chemical and Energy-Related Applications. Molecules 2024; 29:3883. [PMID: 39202962 PMCID: PMC11357016 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of photo-/electro-chemical and flexible electronics has stimulated research in catalysis, informatics, biomedicine, energy conversion, and storage applications. Gels (e.g., aerogel, hydrogel) comprise a range of polymers with three-dimensional (3D) network structures, where hydrophilic polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, copolymers, and hydroxides are the most widely studied for hydrogels, whereas 3D graphene, carbon, organic, and inorganic networks are widely studied for aerogels. Encapsulation of functional species with hydrogel building blocks can modify the optoelectronic, physicochemical, and mechanical properties. In addition, aerogels are a set of nanoporous or microporous 3D networks that bridge the macro- and nano-world. Different architectures modulate properties and have been adopted as a backbone substrate, enriching active sites and surface areas for photo-/electro-chemical energy conversion and storage applications. Fabrication via sol-gel processes, module assembly, and template routes have responded to professionalized features and enhanced performance. This review presents the most studied hydrogel materials, the classification of aerogel materials, and their applications in flexible sensors, batteries, supercapacitors, catalysis, biomedical, thermal insulation, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiana Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China (T.Y.)
| | - Taigang Luo
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China (T.Y.)
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China (T.Y.)
| | - Lin Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China (T.Y.)
| | - Zhengping Zhao
- Zhijiang College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China (T.Y.)
| | - Yibo Yan
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China (T.Y.)
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3
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Qiao E, Fulmore CA, Schaffer DV, Kumar S. Substrate stress relaxation regulates neural stem cell fate commitment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317711121. [PMID: 38968101 PMCID: PMC11252819 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317711121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Adult neural stem cells (NSCs) reside in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, and their capacity to generate neurons and glia plays a role in learning and memory. In addition, neurodegenerative diseases are known to be caused by a loss of neurons and glial cells, resulting in a need to better understand stem cell fate commitment processes. We previously showed that NSC fate commitment toward a neuronal or glial lineage is strongly influenced by extracellular matrix stiffness, a property of elastic materials. However, tissues in vivo are not purely elastic and have varying degrees of viscous character. Relatively little is known about how the viscoelastic properties of the substrate impact NSC fate commitment. Here, we introduce a polyacrylamide-based cell culture platform that incorporates mismatched DNA oligonucleotide-based cross-links as well as covalent cross-links. This platform allows for tunable viscous stress relaxation properties via variation in the number of mismatched base pairs. We find that NSCs exhibit increased astrocytic differentiation as the degree of stress relaxation is increased. Furthermore, culturing NSCs on increasingly stress-relaxing substrates impacts cytoskeletal dynamics by decreasing intracellular actin flow rates and stimulating cyclic activation of the mechanosensitive protein RhoA. Additionally, inhibition of motor-clutch model components such as myosin II and focal adhesion kinase partially or completely reverts cells to lineage distributions observed on elastic substrates. Collectively, our results introduce a unique system for controlling matrix stress relaxation properties and offer insight into how NSCs integrate viscoelastic cues to direct fate commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Qiao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
| | - Camille A. Fulmore
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
| | - David V. Schaffer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA94143
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4
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Castro Nava A, Doolaar IC, Labude-Weber N, Malyaran H, Babu S, Chandorkar Y, Di Russo J, Neuss S, De Laporte L. Actuation of Soft Thermoresponsive Hydrogels Mechanically Stimulates Osteogenesis in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells without Biochemical Factors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:30-43. [PMID: 38150508 PMCID: PMC10789260 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to differentiate into multiple lineages and can be harvested relatively easily from adults, making them a promising cell source for regenerative therapies. While it is well-known how to consistently differentiate MSCs into adipose, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages by treatment with biochemical factors, the number of studies exploring how to achieve this with mechanical signals is limited. A relatively unexplored area is the effect of cyclic forces on the MSC differentiation. Recently, our group developed a thermoresponsive N-ethyl acrylamide/N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM/NEAM) hydrogel supplemented with gold nanorods that are able to convert near-infrared light into heat. Using light pulses allows for local hydrogel collapse and swelling with physiologically relevant force and frequency. In this study, MSCs are cultured on this hydrogel system with a patterned surface and exposed to intermittent or continuous actuation of the hydrogel for 3 days to study the effect of actuation on MSC differentiation. First, cells are harvested from the bone marrow of three donors and tested for their MSC phenotype, meeting the following criteria: the harvested cells are adherent and demonstrate a fibroblast-like bipolar morphology. They lack the expression of CD34 and CD45 but do express CD73, CD90, and CD105. Additionally, their differentiation potential into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages is validated by the addition of standardized differentiation media. Next, MSCs are exposed to intermittent or continuous actuation, which leads to a significantly enhanced cell spreading compared to nonactuated cells. Moreover, actuation results in nuclear translocation of Runt-related transcription factor 2 and the Yes-associated protein. Together, these results indicate that cyclic mechanical stimulation on a soft, ridged substrate modulates the MSC fate commitment in the direction of osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Castro Nava
- DWI—Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Iris C. Doolaar
- DWI—Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Norina Labude-Weber
- Helmholtz
Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Hanna Malyaran
- Helmholtz
Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Interdisciplinary
Centre for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen
University, Pauwelsstrasse
30, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Susan Babu
- DWI—Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Yashoda Chandorkar
- DWI—Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Jacopo Di Russo
- DWI—Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Interdisciplinary
Centre for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen
University, Pauwelsstrasse
30, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH
Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse
30, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Sabine Neuss
- Helmholtz
Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen D-52074, Germany
| | - Laura De Laporte
- DWI—Leibniz
Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstrasse 50, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1-2, Aachen D-52074, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Medical Engineering, Department of Advanced Materials for
Biomedicine, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 55, Aachen D-52074, Germany
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5
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Peng YH, Hsiao SK, Gupta K, Ruland A, Auernhammer GK, Maitz MF, Boye S, Lattner J, Gerri C, Honigmann A, Werner C, Krieg E. Dynamic matrices with DNA-encoded viscoelasticity for cell and organoid culture. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:1463-1473. [PMID: 37550574 PMCID: PMC10716043 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01483-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional cell and organoid cultures rely on the mechanical support of viscoelastic matrices. However, commonly used matrix materials lack control over key cell-instructive properties. Here we report on fully synthetic hydrogels based on DNA libraries that self-assemble with ultrahigh-molecular-weight polymers, forming a dynamic DNA-crosslinked matrix (DyNAtrix). DyNAtrix enables computationally predictable and systematic control over its viscoelasticity, thermodynamic and kinetic parameters by changing DNA sequence information. Adjustable heat activation allows homogeneous embedding of mammalian cells. Intriguingly, stress-relaxation times can be tuned over four orders of magnitude, recapitulating mechanical characteristics of living tissues. DyNAtrix is self-healing, printable, exhibits high stability, cyto- and haemocompatibility, and controllable degradation. DyNAtrix-based cultures of human mesenchymal stromal cells, pluripotent stem cells, canine kidney cysts and human trophoblast organoids show high viability, proliferation and morphogenesis. DyNAtrix thus represents a programmable and versatile precision matrix for advanced approaches to biomechanics, biophysics and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Peng
- Institute for Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Syuan-Ku Hsiao
- Institute for Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Krishna Gupta
- Institute for Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - André Ruland
- Institute for Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Günter K Auernhammer
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Polymer Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manfred F Maitz
- Institute for Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Boye
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johanna Lattner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Gerri
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alf Honigmann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carsten Werner
- Institute for Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisha Krieg
- Institute for Biofunctional Polymer Materials, Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life and Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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6
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Jäkel AC, Heymann M, Simmel FC. Multiscale Biofabrication: Integrating Additive Manufacturing with DNA-Programmable Self-Assembly. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200195. [PMID: 36328598 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Structure and hierarchical organization are crucial elements of biological systems and are likely required when engineering synthetic biomaterials with life-like behavior. In this context, additive manufacturing techniques like bioprinting have become increasingly popular. However, 3D bioprinting, as well as other additive manufacturing techniques, show limited resolution, making it difficult to yield structures on the sub-cellular level. To be able to form macroscopic synthetic biological objects with structuring on this level, manufacturing techniques have to be used in conjunction with biomolecular nanotechnology. Here, a short overview of both topics and a survey of recent advances to combine additive manufacturing with microfabrication techniques and bottom-up self-assembly involving DNA, are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Jäkel
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Bioscience, Technical University Munich, Am Coulombwall 4a, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
| | - Michael Heymann
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomolecular Systems, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Friedrich C Simmel
- School of Natural Sciences, Department of Bioscience, Technical University Munich, Am Coulombwall 4a, 85748, Garching b. München, Germany
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7
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A temperature-sensitive DNA-PNIPAAm hydrogel prepared by base pairing. Colloid Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-023-05071-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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8
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Nanocomposite Hydrogels as Functional Extracellular Matrices. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020153. [PMID: 36826323 PMCID: PMC9957407 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Over recent years, nano-engineered materials have become an important component of artificial extracellular matrices. On one hand, these materials enable static enhancement of the bulk properties of cell scaffolds, for instance, they can alter mechanical properties or electrical conductivity, in order to better mimic the in vivo cell environment. Yet, many nanomaterials also exhibit dynamic, remotely tunable optical, electrical, magnetic, or acoustic properties, and therefore, can be used to non-invasively deliver localized, dynamic stimuli to cells cultured in artificial ECMs in three dimensions. Vice versa, the same, functional nanomaterials, can also report changing environmental conditions-whether or not, as a result of a dynamically applied stimulus-and as such provide means for wireless, long-term monitoring of the cell status inside the culture. In this review article, we present an overview of the technological advances regarding the incorporation of functional nanomaterials in artificial extracellular matrices, highlighting both passive and dynamically tunable nano-engineered components.
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9
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Wang D, Duan J, Liu J, Yi H, Zhang Z, Song H, Li Y, Zhang K. Stimuli-Responsive Self-Degradable DNA Hydrogels: Design, Synthesis, and Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2203031. [PMID: 36708144 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
DNA hydrogels play an increasingly important role in biomedicine and bioanalysis applications. Due to their high programmability, multifunctionality and biocompatibility, they are often used as effective carriers for packing drugs, cells, or other bioactive cargoes in vitro and in vivo. However, the stability of the DNA hydrogels prevents their in-demand rapid release of cargoes to achieve a full therapeutic effect in time. For bioanalysis, the generation of signals sometimes needs the DNA hydrogel to be rapidly degraded when sensing target molecules. To meet these requirements, stimulus-responsive DNA hydrogels are designed. By responding to different stimuli, self-degradable DNA hydrogels can switch from gel to solution for quantitative bioanalysis and precision cargo delivery. This review summarizes the recently developed innovative methods for designing stimuli-responsive self-degradable DNA hydrogels and showed their applications in the bioanalysis and biomedicines fields. Challenges, as well as prospects, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jie Duan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Hua Yi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Haiwei Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yinchao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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10
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Choi YJ, Lee IS, Song YS, Choi KU, Ahn HY. Distant migration of gel filler: imaging findings following breast augmentation. Skeletal Radiol 2022; 51:2223-2227. [PMID: 35366096 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-022-04037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Recently, many attempts have been made to use injectable materials in the subcutaneous fat layer anywhere in the body, including the breast and face, for cosmetic purposes. A 56-year-old woman presented with multiple palpable lumps without tenderness or skin color changes on the anterior and lateral chest and the abdominal walls. Magnetic resonance imaging showed fluid-like collections without surrounding soft tissue inflammatory changes in the chest wall, abdominal wall, and deeper within the abdomen. The lesions penetrated the peritoneum and were observed adjacent to the liver dome. Ultrasonography also showed hypoechogenicity suggestive of fluid collection in the left axilla and trunk. The differential diagnosis based on radiologic findings included parasite manifestation, non-specific inflammatory conditions, and chronic granulomatous infections such as tuberculosis or non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. However, these conditions are usually accompanied by changes in the adjacent subcutaneous fat layers, but our patient did not show any other abnormalities in the adjacent soft tissue. After biopsy and aspiration analysis, the patient was found to have a history of filler injection for breast augmentation approximately 17 years prior. It is often difficult to make a differential diagnosis without detailed knowledge of the patient's medical history. Here we describe a rare case of distant migration of the filler to the axilla, chest wall, abdominal wall, and peritoneum following breast augmentation with filler injection. Knowledge of the radiologic characteristics and migration patterns of gel fillers and their related complications is useful for making an accurate diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jin Choi
- Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea
- Department of Hematology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - In Sook Lee
- Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea.
- Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, 179, Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49241, Korea.
| | - You Seon Song
- Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, 179, Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49241, Korea
| | - Kyung Un Choi
- Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyo Yeong Ahn
- Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
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11
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Do S, Lee C, Lee T, Kim DN, Shin Y. Engineering DNA-based synthetic condensates with programmable material properties, compositions, and functionalities. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj1771. [PMID: 36240277 PMCID: PMC9565806 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj1771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates participate in diverse cellular processes, ranging from gene regulation to stress survival. Bottom-up engineering of synthetic condensates advances our understanding of the organizing principle of condensates. It also enables the synthesis of artificial systems with novel functions. However, building synthetic condensates with a predictable organization and function remains challenging. Here, we use DNA as a building block to create synthetic condensates that are assembled through phase separation. The programmability of intermolecular interactions between DNA molecules enables the control over various condensate properties including assembly, composition, and function. Similar to the way intracellular condensates are organized, DNA clients are selectively partitioned into cognate condensates. We demonstrate that the synthetic condensates can accelerate DNA strand displacement reactions and logic gate operation by concentrating specific reaction components. We envision that the DNA-based condensates could help the realization of the high-order functions required to build more life-like artificial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungho Do
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanseok Lee
- Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyun Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Nyun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (Y.S.); (D.-N.K.)
| | - Yongdae Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Corresponding author. (Y.S.); (D.-N.K.)
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12
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Kumar A, Ahmad A, Ansari MM, Gowd V, Rashid S, Chaudhary AA, Rudayni HA, Alsalamah SA, Khan R. Functionalized-DNA nanostructures as potential targeted drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:54-68. [PMID: 36087856 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Seeman's pioneer idea has led to the foundation of DNA nanostructures, resulting in a remarkable advancement in DNA nanotechnology. Over the last few decades, remarkable advances in drug delivery techniques have resulted in the self-assembly of DNA for encapsulating candidate drug molecules. The nuclear targeting capability of DNA nanostructures is lies within their high spatial addressability and tremendous potential for active targeting. However, effective programming and assembling those DNA molecules remains a challenge, making the path to DNA nanostructures for real-world applications difficult. Because of their small size, most nanostructures are self-capable of infiltrating into the tumor cellular environment. Furthermore, to enable controlled and site-specific delivery of encapsulated drug molecules, DNA nanostructures are functionalized with special moieties that allow them to bind specific targets and release cargo only at targeted sites rather than non-specific sites, resulting in the prevention/limitation of cellular toxicity. In light of this, the current review seeks to shed light on the versatility of the DNA molecule as a targeting and encapsulating moiety for active drugs in order to achieve controlled and specific drug release with spatial and temporal precision. Furthermore, this review focused on the challenges associated with the construction of DNA nanostructures as well as the most recent advances in the functionalization of DNA nanostructures using various materials for controlled and targeted delivery of medications for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Anas Ahmad
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Md Meraj Ansari
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Sector 67, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Vemana Gowd
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anis Ahmad Chaudhary
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Ahmed Rudayni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman A Alsalamah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehan Khan
- Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India.
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13
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Wei Y, Wang K, Luo S, Li F, Zuo X, Fan C, Li Q. Programmable DNA Hydrogels as Artificial Extracellular Matrix. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107640. [PMID: 35119201 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The cell microenvironment plays a crucial role in regulating cell behavior and fate in physiological and pathological processes. As the fundamental component of the cell microenvironment, extracellular matrix (ECM) typically possesses complex ordered structures and provides essential physical and chemical cues to the cells. Hydrogels have attracted much attention in recapitulating the ECM. Compared to natural and synthetic polymer hydrogels, DNA hydrogels have unique programmable capability, which endows the material precise structural customization and tunable properties. This review focuses on recent advances in programmable DNA hydrogels as artificial extracellular matrix, particularly the pure DNA hydrogels. It introduces the classification, design, and assembly of DNA hydrogels, and then summarizes the state-of-the-art achievements in cell encapsulation, cell culture, and tissue engineering with DNA hydrogels. Ultimately, the challenges and prospects for cellular applications of DNA hydrogels are delivered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kaizhe Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shihua Luo
- Department of Traumatology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Fan Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acids Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Zuo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acids Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
- WLA Laboratories, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
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14
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Guo T, He C, Venado A, Zhou Y. Extracellular Matrix Stiffness in Lung Health and Disease. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3523-3558. [PMID: 35766837 PMCID: PMC10088466 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural support and imparts a wide variety of environmental cues to cells. In the past decade, a growing body of work revealed that the mechanical properties of the ECM, commonly known as matrix stiffness, regulate the fundamental cellular processes of the lung. There is growing appreciation that mechanical interplays between cells and associated ECM are essential to maintain lung homeostasis. Dysregulation of ECM-derived mechanical signaling via altered mechanosensing and mechanotransduction pathways is associated with many common lung diseases. Matrix stiffening is a hallmark of lung fibrosis. The stiffened ECM is not merely a sequelae of lung fibrosis but can actively drive the progression of fibrotic lung disease. In this article, we provide a comprehensive view on the role of matrix stiffness in lung health and disease. We begin by summarizing the effects of matrix stiffness on the function and behavior of various lung cell types and on regulation of biomolecule activity and key physiological processes, including host immune response and cellular metabolism. We discuss the potential mechanisms by which cells probe matrix stiffness and convert mechanical signals to regulate gene expression. We highlight the factors that govern matrix stiffness and outline the role of matrix stiffness in lung development and the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer. We envision targeting of deleterious matrix mechanical cues for treatment of fibrotic lung disease. Advances in technologies for matrix stiffness measurements and design of stiffness-tunable matrix substrates are also explored. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3523-3558, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Guo
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao He
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Aida Venado
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yong Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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15
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Fabrini G, Minard A, Brady RA, Di Antonio M, Di Michele L. Cation-Responsive and Photocleavable Hydrogels from Noncanonical Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:602-611. [PMID: 35026112 PMCID: PMC8796241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to its biocompatibility, versatility, and programmable interactions, DNA has been proposed as a building block for functional, stimuli-responsive frameworks with applications in biosensing, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. Of particular importance for in vivo applications is the possibility of making such nanomaterials responsive to physiological stimuli. Here, we demonstrate how combining noncanonical DNA G-quadruplex (G4) structures with amphiphilic DNA constructs yields nanostructures, which we termed "Quad-Stars", capable of assembling into responsive hydrogel particles via a straightforward, enzyme-free, one-pot reaction. The embedded G4 structures allow one to trigger and control the assembly/disassembly in a reversible fashion by adding or removing K+ ions. Furthermore, the hydrogel aggregates can be photo-disassembled upon near-UV irradiation in the presence of a porphyrin photosensitizer. The combined reversibility of assembly, responsiveness, and cargo-loading capabilities of the hydrophobic moieties make Quad-Stars a promising candidate for biosensors and responsive drug delivery carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Fabrini
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Aisling Minard
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan A. Brady
- Department
of Chemistry, King’s College London, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Di Antonio
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Di Michele
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
- Department
of Physics—Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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16
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Ting MS, Travas-Sejdic J, Malmström J. Modulation of hydrogel stiffness by external stimuli: soft materials for mechanotransduction studies. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:7578-7596. [PMID: 34596202 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01415c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mechanotransduction is an important process in determining cell survival, proliferation, migration and differentiation. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the component of natural tissue that provides structural support and biochemical signals to adhering cells. The ECM is dynamic and undergoes physical and biochemical changes in response to various stimuli and there is an interest in understanding the effect of dynamic changes in stiffness on cell behaviour and fate. Therefore, stimuli-responsive hydrogels have been developed to mimic the cells' microenvironment in a controlled fashion. Herein, we review strategies for dynamic modulation of stiffness using various stimuli, such as light, temperature and pH. Special emphasis is placed on conducting polymer (CP) hydrogels and their fabrication procedures. We believe that the redox properties of CPs and hydrogels' biological properties make CPs hydrogels a promising substrate to investigate the effect of dynamic stiffness changes and mechanical actuation on cell fate in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Ting
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. .,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington, New Zealand.,Polymer Biointerface Centre, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jadranka Travas-Sejdic
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington, New Zealand.,Polymer Biointerface Centre, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jenny Malmström
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. .,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington, New Zealand.,Polymer Biointerface Centre, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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17
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Zhang Y, Zhu L, Tian J, Zhu L, Ma X, He X, Huang K, Ren F, Xu W. Smart and Functionalized Development of Nucleic Acid-Based Hydrogels: Assembly Strategies, Recent Advances, and Challenges. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2100216. [PMID: 34306976 PMCID: PMC8292884 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based hydrogels that integrate intrinsic biological properties of nucleic acids and mechanical behavior of their advanced assemblies are appealing bioanalysis and biomedical studies for the development of new-generation smart biomaterials. It is inseparable from development and incorporation of novel structural and functional units. This review highlights different functional units of nucleic acids, polymers, and novel nanomaterials in the order of structures, properties, and functions, and their assembly strategies for the fabrication of nucleic acid-based hydrogels. Also, recent advances in the design of multifunctional and stimuli-responsive nucleic acid-based hydrogels in bioanalysis and biomedical science are discussed, focusing on the applications of customized hydrogels for emerging directions, including 3D cell cultivation and 3D bioprinting. Finally, the key challenge and future perspectives are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food QualityDepartment of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 17, Qinghua East RoadBeijing100083China
| | - Longjiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food QualityDepartment of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 17, Qinghua East RoadBeijing100083China
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food QualityDepartment of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 17, Qinghua East RoadBeijing100083China
| | - Liye Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food QualityDepartment of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 17, Qinghua East RoadBeijing100083China
| | - Xuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food QualityDepartment of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 17, Qinghua East RoadBeijing100083China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety) (MOA)College of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 17, Qinghua East RoadBeijing100083China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food QualityDepartment of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 17, Qinghua East RoadBeijing100083China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety) (MOA)College of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 17, Qinghua East RoadBeijing100083China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and SafetyCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 17, Qinghua East RoadBeijing100083China
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food QualityDepartment of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 17, Qinghua East RoadBeijing100083China
| | - Wentao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food QualityDepartment of Nutrition and HealthChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 17, Qinghua East RoadBeijing100083China
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety) (MOA)College of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 17, Qinghua East RoadBeijing100083China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and SafetyCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 17, Qinghua East RoadBeijing100083China
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18
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Abe K, Murata S, Kawamata I. Cascaded pattern formation in hydrogel medium using the polymerisation approach. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:6160-6167. [PMID: 34085082 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00296a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Reaction-diffusion systems are one of the models of the formation process with various patterns found in nature. Inspired by natural pattern formation, several methods for designing artificial chemical reaction-diffusion systems have been proposed. DNA is a suitable building block to build such artificial systems owing to its programmability. Previously, we reported a line pattern formed due to the reaction and diffusion of synthetic DNA; however, the width of the line was too wide to be used for further applications such as parallel and multi-stage pattern formations. Here, we propose a novel method to programme a reaction-diffusion system in a hydrogel medium to realise a sharp line capable of forming superimposed and cascaded patterns. The mechanism of this system utilises a two-segment polymerisation of DNA caused by hybridisation. To superimpose the system, we designed orthogonal DNA sequences that formed two lines in different locations on the hydrogel. Additionally, we designed a reaction to release DNA and form a cascade pattern, in which the third line appears between the two lines. To explain the mechanism of our system, we modelled the system as partial differential equations, whose simulation results agreed well with the experimental data. Our method to fabricate cascaded patterns may inspire combinations of DNA-based technologies and expand the applications of artificial reaction-diffusion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Abe
- Department of Robotics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Murata
- Department of Robotics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Japan.
| | - Ibuki Kawamata
- Department of Robotics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Japan. and Natural Science Division, Faculty of Core Research, Ochanomizu University, Japan
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19
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Singh U, Morya V, Datta B, Ghoroi C, Bhatia D. Stimuli Responsive, Programmable DNA Nanodevices for Biomedical Applications. Front Chem 2021; 9:704234. [PMID: 34277571 PMCID: PMC8278982 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.704234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Of the multiple areas of applications of DNA nanotechnology, stimuli-responsive nanodevices have emerged as an elite branch of research owing to the advantages of molecular programmability of DNA structures and stimuli-responsiveness of motifs and DNA itself. These classes of devices present multiples areas to explore for basic and applied science using dynamic DNA nanotechnology. Herein, we take the stake in the recent progress of this fast-growing sub-area of DNA nanotechnology. We discuss different stimuli, motifs, scaffolds, and mechanisms of stimuli-responsive behaviours of DNA nanodevices with appropriate examples. Similarly, we present a multitude of biological applications that have been explored using DNA nanodevices, such as biosensing, in vivo pH-mapping, drug delivery, and therapy. We conclude by discussing the challenges and opportunities as well as future prospects of this emerging research area within DNA nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udisha Singh
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
| | - Vinod Morya
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
| | - Bhaskar Datta
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
| | - Chinmay Ghoroi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
- Chemical Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Biological Engineering Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, India
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20
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Abune L, Davis B, Wang Y. Aptamer-functionalized hydrogels: An emerging class of biomaterials for protein delivery, cell capture, regenerative medicine, and molecular biosensing. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 13:e1731. [PMID: 34132055 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Molecular recognition is essential to the development of biomaterials. Aptamers are a unique class of synthetic ligands interacting with not only their target molecules with high affinities and specificities but also their complementary sequences with high fidelity. Thus, aptamers have recently attracted significant attention in the development of an emerging class of biomaterials, that is, aptamer-functionalized hydrogels. In this review, we introduce the methods of incorporating aptamers into hydrogels as pendant motifs or crosslinkers. We further introduce the functions of these hydrogels in recognizing proteins, cells, and analytes through four applications including protein delivery, cell capture, regenerative medicine, and molecular biosensing. Notably, as aptamer-functionalized hydrogels have the characteristics of both aptamers and hydrogels, their potential applications are broad and beyond the scope of this review. This article is categorized under: Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Nucleic Acid-Based Structures Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidya Abune
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brandon Davis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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21
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Webber MJ, Pashuck ET. (Macro)molecular self-assembly for hydrogel drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 172:275-295. [PMID: 33450330 PMCID: PMC8107146 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels prepared via self-assembly offer scalable and tunable platforms for drug delivery applications. Molecular-scale self-assembly leverages an interplay of attractive and repulsive forces; drugs and other active molecules can be incorporated into such materials by partitioning in hydrophobic domains, affinity-mediated binding, or covalent integration. Peptides have been widely used as building blocks for self-assembly due to facile synthesis, ease of modification with bioactive molecules, and precise molecular-scale control over material properties through tunable interactions. Additional opportunities are manifest in stimuli-responsive self-assembly for more precise drug action. Hydrogels can likewise be fabricated from macromolecular self-assembly, with both synthetic polymers and biopolymers used to prepare materials with controlled mechanical properties and tunable drug release. These include clinical approaches for solubilization and delivery of hydrophobic drugs. To further enhance mechanical properties of hydrogels prepared through self-assembly, recent work has integrated self-assembly motifs with polymeric networks. For example, double-network hydrogels capture the beneficial properties of both self-assembled and covalent networks. The expanding ability to fabricate complex and precise materials, coupled with an improved understanding of biology, will lead to new classes of hydrogels specifically tailored for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Webber
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - E Thomas Pashuck
- Lehigh University, Department of Bioengineering, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA.
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22
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Elashmawi IS, Al-Muntaser AA. Influence of Co3O4 Nanoparticles on the Optical, and Electrical Properties of CMC/PAM Polymer: Combined FTIR/DFT Study. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-021-01956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Buchberger A, Saini H, Eliato KR, Zare A, Merkley R, Xu Y, Bernal J, Ros R, Nikkhah M, Stephanopoulos N. Reversible Control of Gelatin Hydrogel Stiffness by Using DNA Crosslinkers*. Chembiochem 2021; 22:1755-1760. [PMID: 33484601 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials with dynamically tunable properties are critical for a range of applications in regenerative medicine and basic biology. In this work, we show the reversible control of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel stiffness through the use of DNA crosslinkers. We replaced some of the inter-GelMA crosslinks with double-stranded DNA, allowing for their removal through toehold-mediated strand displacement. The crosslinks could be restored by adding fresh dsDNA with complementary handles to those on the hydrogel. The elastic modulus (G') of the hydrogels could be tuned between 500 and 1000 Pa, reversibly, over two cycles without degradation of performance. By functionalizing the gels with a second DNA strand, it was possible to control the crosslink density and a model ligand in an orthogonal fashion with two different displacement strands. Our results demonstrate the potential for DNA to reversibly control both stiffness and ligand presentation in a protein-based hydrogel, and will be useful for teasing apart the spatiotemporal behavior of encapsulated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Buchberger
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 877301, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.,Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Harpinder Saini
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler mall, ECG 334A, Tempe AZ, 85287, USA.,Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Kiarash Rahmani Eliato
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, 550 E Tyler Drive, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.,Center for Biological Physics, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 871504, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.,Center for Single Molecule Biophysics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Azadeh Zare
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, 550 E Tyler Drive, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.,Center for Biological Physics, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 871504, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.,Center for Single Molecule Biophysics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Ryan Merkley
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 877301, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.,Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 877301, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.,Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Julio Bernal
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 877301, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.,Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Robert Ros
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, 550 E Tyler Drive, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.,Center for Biological Physics, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 871504, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.,Center for Single Molecule Biophysics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Mehdi Nikkhah
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler mall, ECG 334A, Tempe AZ, 85287, USA.,Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe AZ, 85281, USA
| | - Nicholas Stephanopoulos
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 877301, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.,Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S. McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
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Mechanical Properties of DNA Hydrogels: Towards Highly Programmable Biomaterials. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11041885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA hydrogels are self-assembled biomaterials that rely on Watson–Crick base pairing to form large-scale programmable three-dimensional networks of nanostructured DNA components. The unique mechanical and biochemical properties of DNA, along with its biocompatibility, make it a suitable material for the assembly of hydrogels with controllable mechanical properties and composition that could be used in several biomedical applications, including the design of novel multifunctional biomaterials. Numerous studies that have recently emerged, demonstrate the assembly of functional DNA hydrogels that are responsive to stimuli such as pH, light, temperature, biomolecules, and programmable strand-displacement reaction cascades. Recent studies have investigated the role of different factors such as linker flexibility, functionality, and chemical crosslinking on the macroscale mechanical properties of DNA hydrogels. In this review, we present the existing data and methods regarding the mechanical design of pure DNA hydrogels and hybrid DNA hydrogels, and their use as hydrogels for cell culture. The aim of this review is to facilitate further study and development of DNA hydrogels towards utilizing their full potential as multifeatured and highly programmable biomaterials with controlled mechanical properties.
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Mo F, Jiang K, Zhao D, Wang Y, Song J, Tan W. DNA hydrogel-based gene editing and drug delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 168:79-98. [PMID: 32712197 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a promising synthesizer for precisely constructing almost arbitrary geometry in two and three dimensions. Among various DNA-based soft materials, DNA hydrogels are comprised of hydrophilic polymeric networks of crosslinked DNA chains. For their properties of biocompatibility, porosity, sequence programmability and tunable multifunctionality, DNA hydrogels have been widely studied in bioanalysis and biomedicine. In this review, recent developments in DNA hydrogels and their applications in drug delivery systems are highlighted. First, physical and chemical crosslinking methods for constructing DNA hydrogels are introduced. Subsequently, responses of DNA hydrogels to nonbiological and biological stimuli are described. Finally, DNA hydrogel-based delivery platforms for different types of drugs are detailed. With the emergence of gene therapy, this review also gives future prospects for combining DNA hydrogels with the gene editing toolbox.
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26
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Rapid immunostaining method for three-dimensional volume imaging of biological tissues by magnetic force-induced focusing of the electric field. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 226:297-309. [PMID: 33175320 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent surges in tissue clearing technology have greatly advanced 3-dimensional (3D) volume imaging. Cleared tissues need to be stained with fluorescence probes for imaging but the current staining methods are too laborious and inefficient for thick 3D samples, which impedes the broad application of clearing technology. To overcome these limitations, we developed an advanced staining platform named EFIC in which a magnetic force focuses the electric field by bending it onto the sample. Such that EFIC applies a significantly lower electric field to maintain nanoscale structural integrity while effectively drives staining probes into pre-cleared 3D samples. We found that EFIC achieved a rapid and uniform staining of various proteins and vascular networks of the brain as well as other organs over the entire depth of imaging. EFIC stained tau deposits and the vascular structure in the post-mortem human brain of Alzheimer's disease and intracerebral hemorrhage, respectively, enabling quantitative analysis. The effectiveness of EFIC was further extended by the successful staining of various targets in non-cleared 3D brain samples. Together, EFIC represents a versatile and reliable staining platform for rapidly analyzing 3D molecular signatures and can be applied to sectioning-free 3D histopathology for diagnostic purposes.
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Martins C, Chauhan VM, Araújo M, Abouselo A, Barrias CC, Aylott JW, Sarmento B. Advanced polymeric nanotechnology to augment therapeutic delivery and disease diagnosis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:2287-2309. [PMID: 32945230 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic and diagnostic payloads are usually associated with properties that compromise their efficacy, such as poor aqueous solubility, short half-life, low bioavailability, nonspecific accumulation and diverse side effects. Nanotechnological solutions have emerged to circumvent some of these drawbacks, augmenting therapeutic and/or diagnostic outcomes. Nanotechnology has benefited from the rise in polymer science research for the development of novel nanosystems for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. Polymers are a widely used class of biomaterials, with a considerable number of regulatory approvals for application in clinics. In addition to their versatility in production and functionalization, several synthetic and natural polymers demonstrate biocompatible properties that dictate their successful biological performance. This article highlights the physicochemical characteristics of a variety of natural and synthetic biocompatible polymers, as well as their role in the manufacture of nanotechnology-based systems, state-of-art applications in disease treatment and diagnosis, and current challenges in finding a way to clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Martins
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-393, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-393, Porto, Portugal.,School of Pharmacy, Boots Science Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.,ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Ruade Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Veeren M Chauhan
- School of Pharmacy, Boots Science Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Marco Araújo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-393, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-393, Porto, Portugal
| | - Amjad Abouselo
- School of Pharmacy, Boots Science Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Cristina C Barrias
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-393, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-393, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jonathan W Aylott
- School of Pharmacy, Boots Science Building, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-393, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-393, Porto, Portugal.,CESPU - Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116, Gandra, Portugal
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Kim HJ, Lee SJ, Lee JH, Shin SH, Kim SH, Kim JH, Suh IS. Breast reconstruction after complications following breast augmentation with massive filler injections. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21516. [PMID: 32871998 PMCID: PMC7437735 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast filler injections are less commonly used due to their associated complications, such as pain and foreign body reactions. Yet, these fillers are often administered illegally, resulting in aesthetic or life-threatening complications. These are treated by removing the foreign material, and the breasts are reconstructed using silicone implants or autologous tissue/fat injection. PATIENT CONCERNS Case 1. A 45-year-old woman with polyacrylamide gel injections in both breasts visited our clinic for breast pain and tenderness. Grade I ptosis was observed in each breast, without skin necrosis and discoloration. Case 2. A 51-year-old woman, with unknown breast filler injections, visited our clinic for painful masses. Intraoperatively, massive amounts of foreign material had severely infiltrated the nearby tissues; thus, an immediate breast reconstruction could not be performed. Three months later, severe deformities including shrinkage and irregular breast skin surfaces were observed. DIAGNOSIS Case 1. Multiple cystic lesions, fluid collection in the retromammary spaces, and diffuse infiltration were observed on mammography, computed tomography, and ultrasonography. Case 2. Multiple cystic lesions, calcified areas, and diffuse infiltrations in the axillae and retromammary spaces were observed on mammography, computed tomography, and ultrasonography. INTERVENTIONS Case 1. The foreign material was removed and the breasts were reconstructed using silicone implants into subpectoral pocket with acellular dermal matrices (Alloderm, Lipocell Corporation). Case 2. A delayed reconstruction was undertaken using silicone implants covered by latissimus dorsi muscle flaps, 3 months after the foreign material removal. OUTCOMES Case 1. The foreign material was removed and there were no complications such as foreign body reaction, capsular contracture. Ptosis was corrected and both breasts were symmetric with proper projection. Case 2. Residual foreign material was removed and there were no complications such capsular contracture, implant malposition. CONCLUSION Massive injections of foreign materials into the breast can cause severe infiltration and associated foreign body reactions. By a near-complete removal of the foreign materials and breast reconstruction using silicone implants, we achieved satisfactory results, without complications such as wound disruption, capsular contracture, and implant malposition.
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29
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Pacifici N, Bolandparvaz A, Lewis JS. Stimuli-Responsive Biomaterials for Vaccines and Immunotherapeutic Applications. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020; 3:2000129. [PMID: 32838028 PMCID: PMC7435355 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The immune system is the key target for vaccines and immunotherapeutic approaches aimed at blunting infectious diseases, cancer, autoimmunity, and implant rejection. However, systemwide immunomodulation is undesirable due to the severe side effects that typically accompany such strategies. In order to circumvent these undesired, harmful effects, scientists have turned to tailorable biomaterials that can achieve localized, potent release of immune-modulating agents. Specifically, "stimuli-responsive" biomaterials hold a strong promise for delivery of immunotherapeutic agents to the disease site or disease-relevant tissues with high spatial and temporal accuracy. This review provides an overview of stimuli-responsive biomaterials used for targeted immunomodulation. Stimuli-responsive or "environmentally responsive" materials are customized to specifically react to changes in pH, temperature, enzymes, redox environment, photo-stimulation, molecule-binding, magnetic fields, ultrasound-stimulation, and electric fields. Moreover, the latest generation of this class of materials incorporates elements that allow for response to multiple stimuli. These developments, and other stimuli-responsive materials that are on the horizon, are discussed in the context of controlling immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah Pacifici
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Amir Bolandparvaz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Jamal S Lewis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
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30
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Müller J, Jäkel AC, Schwarz D, Aufinger L, Simmel FC. Programming Diffusion and Localization of DNA Signals in 3D-Printed DNA-Functionalized Hydrogels. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2001815. [PMID: 32597010 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202001815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing enables the generation of 3D structures with predefined shapes from a wide range of printable materials. However, most of the materials employed so far are static and do not provide any intrinsic programmability or pattern-forming capability. Here, a low-cost 3D bioprinting approach is developed, which is based on a commercially available extrusion printer that utilizes a DNA-functionalized bioink, which allows to combine concepts developed in dynamic DNA nanotechnology with additive patterning techniques. Hybridization between diffusing DNA signal strands and immobilized anchor strands can be used to tune diffusion properties of the signals, or to localize DNA strands within the gel in a sequence-programmable manner. Furthermore, strand displacement mechanisms can be used to direct simple pattern formation processes and to control the availability of DNA sequences at specific locations. To support printing of DNA-functionalized gel voxels at arbitrary positions, an open source python script that generates machine-readable code (GCODE) from simple vector graphics input is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Müller
- TU Munich, Physics Department, Physics of Synthetic Biological Systems, Am Coulombwall 4a, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Anna Christina Jäkel
- TU Munich, Physics Department, Physics of Synthetic Biological Systems, Am Coulombwall 4a, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Dominic Schwarz
- TU Munich, Physics Department, Physics of Synthetic Biological Systems, Am Coulombwall 4a, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Lukas Aufinger
- TU Munich, Physics Department, Physics of Synthetic Biological Systems, Am Coulombwall 4a, Garching, 85748, Germany
| | - Friedrich C Simmel
- TU Munich, Physics Department, Physics of Synthetic Biological Systems, Am Coulombwall 4a, Garching, 85748, Germany
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31
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Xu N, Ma N, Yang X, Ling G, Yu J, Zhang P. Preparation of intelligent DNA hydrogel and its applications in biosensing. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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32
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Abstract
In recent years, a diverse set of mechanisms have been developed that allow DNA strands with specific sequences to sense information in their environment and to control material assembly, disassembly, and reconfiguration. These sequences could serve as the inputs and outputs for DNA computing circuits, enabling DNA circuits to act as chemical information processors to program complex behavior in chemical and material systems. This review describes processes that can be sensed and controlled within such a paradigm. Specifically, there are interfaces that can release strands of DNA in response to chemical signals, wavelengths of light, pH, or electrical signals, as well as DNA strands that can direct the self-assembly and dynamic reconfiguration of DNA nanostructures, regulate particle assemblies, control encapsulation, and manipulate materials including DNA crystals, hydrogels, and vesicles. These interfaces have the potential to enable chemical circuits to exert algorithmic control over responsive materials, which may ultimately lead to the development of materials that grow, heal, and interact dynamically with their environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Scalise
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Rebecca Schulman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.,Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA;
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33
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Anderson AJ, Culver HR, Bryant SJ, Bowman CN. Viscoelastic and Thermoreversible Networks Crosslinked by Non-covalent Interactions Between "Clickable" Nucleic Acids Oligomers and DNA. Polym Chem 2020; 11:2959-2968. [PMID: 34992679 PMCID: PMC8729761 DOI: 10.1039/d0py00165a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
An approach to efficient and scalable production of oligonucleotide-based gel networks is presented. Specifically, a new class of xenonucleic acid (XNA) synthesized through a scalable and efficient thiol-ene polymerization mechanism, "Clickable" Nucleic Acids (CNAs), were conjugated to a multifunctional poly(ethylene glycol), PEG. In the presence of complementary single stranded DNA (ssDNA), the macromolecular conjugate assembled into a crosslinked 3D gel capable of achieving storage moduli on the order of 1 kPa. Binding studies between the PEG-CNA macromolecule and complementary ssDNA indicate that crosslinking is due to the CNA/DNA interaction. Gel formation was specific to the base sequence and length of the ssDNA crosslinker. The gels were fully thermoreversible, completely melting at temperatures above 60°C and re-forming upon cooling over multiple cycles and with no apparent hysteresis. Shear stress relaxation experiments revealed that relaxation dynamics are dependent on crosslinker length, which is hypothesized to be an effect of the polydisperse CNA chains. Arrhenius analysis of characteristic relaxation times was only possible for shorter crosslinker lengths, and the activation energy for these gels was determined to be 110 ± 20 kJ/mol. Overall, the present work demonstrates that CNA is capable of participating in stimuli-responsive interactions that would be expected from XNAs, and that these interactions support 3D gels that have potential uses in biological and materials science applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Anderson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303
| | - Heidi R Culver
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303
| | - Stephanie J Bryant
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303
- Material Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303
| | - Christopher N Bowman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303
- Material Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303
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34
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Chen S, Seelig G. Programmable patterns in a DNA-based reaction-diffusion system. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:3555-3563. [PMID: 32219296 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02413a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biology offers compelling proof that macroscopic "living materials" can emerge from reactions between diffusing biomolecules. Here, we show that molecular self-organization could be a similarly powerful approach for engineering functional synthetic materials. We introduce a programmable DNA embedded hydrogel that produces tunable patterns at the centimeter length scale. We generate these patterns by implementing chemical reaction networks through synthetic DNA complexes, embedding the complexes in the hydrogel, and triggering with locally applied input DNA strands. We first demonstrate ring pattern formation around a circular input cavity and show that the ring width and intensity can be predictably tuned. Then, we create patterns of increasing complexity, including concentric rings and non-isotropic patterns. Finally, we show "destructive" and "constructive" interference patterns, by combining several ring-forming modules in the gel and triggering them from multiple sources. We further show that computer simulations based on the reaction-diffusion model can predict and inform the programming of target patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifang Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, USA
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35
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Vasile C, Pamfil D, Stoleru E, Baican M. New Developments in Medical Applications of Hybrid Hydrogels Containing Natural Polymers. Molecules 2020; 25:E1539. [PMID: 32230990 PMCID: PMC7180755 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
New trends in biomedical applications of the hybrid polymeric hydrogels, obtained by combining natural polymers with synthetic ones, have been reviewed. Homopolysaccharides, heteropolysaccharides, as well as polypeptides, proteins and nucleic acids, are presented from the point of view of their ability to form hydrogels with synthetic polymers, the preparation procedures for polymeric organic hybrid hydrogels, general physico-chemical properties and main biomedical applications (i.e., tissue engineering, wound dressing, drug delivery, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Vasile
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers Department, “P. Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, RO, Iaşi 700484, Romania; (D.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Daniela Pamfil
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers Department, “P. Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, RO, Iaşi 700484, Romania; (D.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Elena Stoleru
- Physical Chemistry of Polymers Department, “P. Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, RO, Iaşi 700484, Romania; (D.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Mihaela Baican
- Pharmaceutical Physics Department, “Grigore T. Popa” Medicine and Pharmacy University, 16, University Str., Iaşi 700115, Romania
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36
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Chen J, Zhu Y, Liu H, Wang L. Tailoring DNA Self-assembly to Build Hydrogels. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:32. [PMID: 32146604 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-0295-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
DNA hydrogels are crosslinked polymeric networks in which DNA is used as the backbone or the crosslinker. These hydrogels are novel biofunctional materials that possess the biological character of DNA and the framed structure of hydrogels. Compared with other kinds of hydrogels, DNA hydrogels exhibit not only high mechanical strength and controllable morphologies but also good recognition ability, designable responsiveness, and programmability. The DNA used in this type of hydrogel acts as a building block for self-assembly or as a responsive element due to its sequence recognition ability and switchable structural transitions, respectively. In this review, we describe recent developments in the field of DNA hydrogels and discuss the role played by DNA in these hydrogels. Various synthetic strategies for and a range of applications of DNA hydrogels are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Division of Physical Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Division of Physical Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China.,Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Huajie Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Lihua Wang
- Division of Physical Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China. .,Zhangjiang Laboratory, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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37
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Kasahara Y, Sato Y, Masukawa MK, Okuda Y, Takinoue M. Photolithographic shape control of DNA hydrogels by photo-activated self-assembly of DNA nanostructures. APL Bioeng 2020; 4:016109. [PMID: 32206743 PMCID: PMC7083653 DOI: 10.1063/1.5132929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a photolithographic method for the shape control of DNA hydrogels based on photo-activated self-assembly of Y-shaped DNA nanostructures (Y-motifs). To date, various methods to control the shape of DNA hydrogels have been developed to enhance the functions of the DNA hydrogel system. However, photolithographic production of shape-controlled DNA hydrogels formed through the self-assembly of DNA nanostructures without the use of radical polymerizations has never been demonstrated, although such a method is expected to be applied for the shape-control of DNA hydrogels encapsulating sensitive biomolecules, such as proteins. In this study, we used a photo-activated linker to initiate the self-assembly of Y-motifs, where the cross-linker DNA was at first inactive but was activated after UV light irradiation, resulting in the formation of shape-controlled DNA hydrogels only at the UV-exposed area produced by photomasks. We believe that this method will be applied for the construction of biohybrid machines, such as molecular robots and artificial cells that contain intelligent biomolecular devices, such as molecular sensors and computers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kasahara
- Department of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
| | - Marcos K. Masukawa
- Department of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
| | - Yukiko Okuda
- Department of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takinoue
- Department of Computer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8502, Japan
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38
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English MA, Soenksen LR, Gayet RV, de Puig H, Angenent-Mari NM, Mao AS, Nguyen PQ, Collins JJ. Programmable CRISPR-responsive smart materials. Science 2020; 365:780-785. [PMID: 31439791 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw5122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials activated by biological signals play an increasingly important role in biotechnology applications. We exploit the programmability of CRISPR-associated nucleases to actuate hydrogels containing DNA as a structural element or as an anchor for pendant groups. After activation by guide RNA-defined inputs, Cas12a cleaves DNA in the gels, thereby converting biological information into changes in material properties. We report four applications: (i) branched poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels releasing DNA-anchored compounds, (ii) degradable polyacrylamide-DNA hydrogels encapsulating nanoparticles and live cells, (iii) conductive carbon-black-DNA hydrogels acting as degradable electrical fuses, and (iv) a polyacrylamide-DNA hydrogel operating as a fluidic valve with an electrical readout for remote signaling. These materials allow for a range of in vitro applications in tissue engineering, bioelectronics, and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max A English
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Luis R Soenksen
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Raphael V Gayet
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Microbiology Graduate Program, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Helena de Puig
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicolaas M Angenent-Mari
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Angelo S Mao
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Peter Q Nguyen
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - James J Collins
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. .,Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Synthetic Biology Center, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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39
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Falohun T, McShane MJ. An Optical Urate Biosensor Based on Urate Oxidase and Long-Lifetime Metalloporphyrins. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E959. [PMID: 32053932 PMCID: PMC7070708 DOI: 10.3390/s20040959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Gout is a condition that affects over 8 million Americans. This condition is characterized by severe pain, and in more advanced cases, bone erosion and joint destruction. This study explores the fabrication and characterization of an optical, enzymatic urate biosensor for gout management, and the optimization of the biosensor response through the tuning of hydrogel matrix properties. Sensors were fabricated through the co-immobilization of oxygen-quenched phosphorescent probes with an oxidoreductase within a biocompatible copolymer hydrogel matrix. Characterization of the spectral properties and hydrogel swelling was conducted, as well as evaluation of the response sensitivity and long-term stability of the urate biosensor. The findings indicate that increased acrylamide concentration improved the biosensor response by yielding an increased sensitivity and reduced lower limit of detection. However, the repeatability and stability tests highlighted some possible areas of improvement, with a consistent response drift observed during repeatability testing and a reduction in response seen after long-term storage tests. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of an on-demand, patient-friendly gout management tool, while paving the way for a future multi-analyte biosensor based on this sensing platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tokunbo Falohun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5045 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Michael J. McShane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5045 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 3003 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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40
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Zhang D, Ren B, Zhang Y, Xu L, Huang Q, He Y, Li X, Wu J, Yang J, Chen Q, Chang Y, Zheng J. From design to applications of stimuli-responsive hydrogel strain sensors. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:3171-3191. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02692d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive hydrogel strain sensors that synergize the advantages of both hydrogel and smart functional materials have attracted increasing interest from material design to emerging applications in health monitors and human–machine interfaces.
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41
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Zhou L, Jiao X, Liu S, Hao M, Cheng S, Zhang P, Wen Y. Functional DNA-based hydrogel intelligent materials for biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:1991-2009. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02716e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional intelligent DNA hydrogels have been reviewed for many biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing
- China
| | - Xiangyu Jiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing
- China
| | - Songyang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma
- Peking University People's Hospital
- Beijing
- China
| | - Mingda Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing
- China
| | - Siyang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing
- China
| | - Peixun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma
- Peking University People's Hospital
- Beijing
- China
| | - Yongqiang Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing
- China
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42
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Sahle FF, Lowe TL. Design strategies for programmable oligonucleotide nanotherapeutics. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:73-88. [PMID: 31525462 PMCID: PMC6980509 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A systematic review on how to design different programmable nanotherapeutics using oligonucleotides as building blocks or as surface and matrix modifiers for controlled and targeted delivery of various therapeutic agents in presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitsum Feleke Sahle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Tao L Lowe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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43
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Dorsey PJ, Rubanov M, Wang W, Schulman R. Digital Maskless Photolithographic Patterning of DNA-Functionalized Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate Hydrogels with Visible Light Enabling Photodirected Release of Oligonucleotides. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:1133-1140. [PMID: 35619455 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Soft biomaterials possessing structural hierarchy have growing applications in lab-on-chip devices, artificial tissues, and micromechanical and chemomechanical systems. The ability to integrate sets of biomolecules, specifically DNA, within hydrogel substrates at precise locations could offer the potential to form and modulate complex biochemical processes with DNA-based molecular switches in such materials and provide a means of creating dynamic spatial patterns, thus enabling spatiotemporal control of a wide array of reaction-diffusion phenomena prevalent in biological systems. Here we develop a means of photopatterning two-dimensional DNA-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel architectures with an aim toward these applications. While PEGDA photopatterning methods are well-established for the fabrication of hydrogels, including those containing oligonucleotides, the photoinitiators typically used have significant crosstalk with many UV-photoswitchable chemistries including nitrobenzyl derivatives. We demonstrate the digital photopatterning of PEGDA-co-DNA hydrogels using a blue light-absorbing (470 nm peak) photoinitiator system and macromer comprised of camphorquinone, triethanolamine, and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (Mn = 575) that minimizes absorption in the UV-A wavelength range commonly used to trigger photoswitchable chemistries. We demonstrate this method using digital maskless photolithography within microfluidic devices that allows for the reliable construction of multidomain structures. The method achieves feature resolutions as small as 25 μm, and the resulting materials allow for lateral isotropic bulk diffusion of short single-stranded (ss) DNA oligonucleotides. Finally, we show how the use of these photoinitiators allows for orthogonal control of photopolymerization and UV-photoscission of acrylate-modified DNA containing a 1-(2-nitrophenyl) ethyl spacer to selectively cleave DNA from regions of a PEGDA substrate.
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44
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Chandorkar Y, Castro Nava A, Schweizerhof S, Van Dongen M, Haraszti T, Köhler J, Zhang H, Windoffer R, Mourran A, Möller M, De Laporte L. Cellular responses to beating hydrogels to investigate mechanotransduction. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4027. [PMID: 31492837 PMCID: PMC6731269 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11475-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells feel the forces exerted on them by the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) environment and respond to them. While many cell fate processes are dictated by these forces, which are highly synchronized in space and time, abnormal force transduction is implicated in the progression of many diseases (muscular dystrophy, cancer). However, material platforms that enable transient, cyclic forces in vitro to recreate an in vivo-like scenario remain a challenge. Here, we report a hydrogel system that rapidly beats (actuates) with spatio-temporal control using a near infra-red light trigger. Small, user-defined mechanical forces (~nN) are exerted on cells growing on the hydrogel surface at frequencies up to 10 Hz, revealing insights into the effect of actuation on cell migration and the kinetics of reversible nuclear translocation of the mechanosensor protein myocardin related transcription factor A, depending on the actuation amplitude, duration and frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashoda Chandorkar
- DWI - Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V, Forckenbeckstr. 50, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Arturo Castro Nava
- DWI - Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V, Forckenbeckstr. 50, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Sjören Schweizerhof
- DWI - Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V, Forckenbeckstr. 50, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Marcel Van Dongen
- DWI - Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V, Forckenbeckstr. 50, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Tamás Haraszti
- DWI - Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V, Forckenbeckstr. 50, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Jens Köhler
- DWI - Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V, Forckenbeckstr. 50, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Hang Zhang
- DWI - Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V, Forckenbeckstr. 50, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Reinhard Windoffer
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, Uniklinik, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Ahmed Mourran
- DWI - Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V, Forckenbeckstr. 50, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Martin Möller
- DWI - Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V, Forckenbeckstr. 50, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Laura De Laporte
- DWI - Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V, Forckenbeckstr. 50, Aachen, 52074, Germany.
- ITMC- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52074, Germany.
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Reghan J. Hill
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
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46
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Hu Y, Niemeyer CM. From DNA Nanotechnology to Material Systems Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806294. [PMID: 30767279 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In the past 35 years, DNA nanotechnology has grown to a highly innovative and vibrant field of research at the interface of chemistry, materials science, biotechnology, and nanotechnology. Herein, a short summary of the state of research in various subdisciplines of DNA nanotechnology, ranging from pure "structural DNA nanotechnology" over protein-DNA assemblies, nanoparticle-based DNA materials, and DNA polymers to DNA surface technology is given. The survey shows that these subdisciplines are growing ever closer together and suggests that this integration is essential in order to initiate the next phase of development. With the increasing implementation of machine-based approaches in microfluidics, robotics, and data-driven science, DNA-material systems will emerge that could be suitable for applications in sensor technology, photonics, as interfaces between technical systems and living organisms, or for biomimetic fabrication processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hu
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG 1), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christof M Niemeyer
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG 1), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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47
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Wu L, Magaz A, Darbyshire A, Howkins A, Reynolds A, Boyd IW, Song H, Song J, Loizidou M, Emberton M, Birchall M, Song W. Thermoresponsive Stiffness Softening of Hierarchically Porous Nanohybrid Membranes Promotes Niches for Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801556. [PMID: 30945813 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the attention given to the development of novel responsive implants for regenerative medicine applications, the lack of integration with the surrounding tissues and the mismatch with the dynamic mechanobiological nature of native soft tissues remain in the current products. Hierarchical porous membranes based on a poly (urea-urethane) (PUU) nanohybrid have been fabricated by thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) of the polymer solution at different temperatures. Thermoresponsive stiffness softening of the membranes through phase transition from the semicrystalline phase to rubber phase and reverse self-assembly of the quasi-random nanophase structure is characterized at body temperature near the melting point of the crystalline domains of soft segments. The effects of the porous structure and stiffness softening on proliferation and differentiation of human bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) are investigated. The results of immunohistochemistry, histological, ELISA, and qPCR demonstrate that hBM-MSCs maintain their lineage commitment during stiffness relaxation; chondrogenic differentiation is favored on the soft and porous scaffold, while osteogenic differentiation is more prominent on the initial stiff one. Stiffness relaxation stimulates more osteogenic activity than chondrogenesis, the latter being more influenced by the synergetic coupling effect of softness and porosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxiao Wu
- Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDivision of Surgery & Interventional ScienceUniversity College London 2QG, 10 Pond St London NW3 2PS UK
| | - Adrián Magaz
- Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDivision of Surgery & Interventional ScienceUniversity College London 2QG, 10 Pond St London NW3 2PS UK
| | - Arnold Darbyshire
- Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDivision of Surgery & Interventional ScienceUniversity College London 2QG, 10 Pond St London NW3 2PS UK
| | - Ashley Howkins
- Institute of Materials and ManufacturingBrunel University London Kingston Ln London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH UK
| | - Alan Reynolds
- Institute of Materials and ManufacturingBrunel University London Kingston Ln London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH UK
| | - Ian W. Boyd
- Institute of Materials and ManufacturingBrunel University London Kingston Ln London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH UK
| | - Hang Song
- School of Innovation and EntrepreneurshipDepartment of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd. Xili, Nanshan Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Jin‐Hua Song
- School of Innovation and EntrepreneurshipDepartment of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and Technology No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd. Xili, Nanshan Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Marilena Loizidou
- Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDivision of Surgery & Interventional ScienceUniversity College London 2QG, 10 Pond St London NW3 2PS UK
| | - Mark Emberton
- Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDivision of Surgery & Interventional ScienceUniversity College London 2QG, 10 Pond St London NW3 2PS UK
| | - Martin Birchall
- UCL Ear InstituteRoyal National Throat, Nose and Ear HospitalUniversity College London 330 Grays Inn Rd, Kings Cross London WC1X 8DA UK
| | - Wenhui Song
- Centre for Biomaterials in Surgical Reconstruction and RegenerationDivision of Surgery & Interventional ScienceUniversity College London 2QG, 10 Pond St London NW3 2PS UK
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48
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Leach DG, Young S, Hartgerink JD. Advances in immunotherapy delivery from implantable and injectable biomaterials. Acta Biomater 2019; 88:15-31. [PMID: 30771535 PMCID: PMC6632081 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Macroscale biomaterials, such as preformed implantable scaffolds and injectable soft materials, possess powerful synergies with anti-cancer immunotherapies. Immunotherapies on their own typically have poor delivery properties, and often require repeated high-dose injections that result in serious off-tumor effects and/or limited efficacy. Rationally designed biomaterials allow for discrete localization and controlled release of immunotherapeutic agents, and have been shown in a large number of applications to improve outcomes in the treatment of cancers via immunotherapy. Among various strategies, macroscale biomaterial delivery systems can take the form of robust tablet-like scaffolds that are surgically implanted into a tumor resection site, releasing programmed immune cells or immunoregulatory agents. Alternatively they can be developed as soft gel-like materials that are injected into solid tumors or sites of resection to stimulate a potent anti-tumor immune response. Biomaterials synthesized from diverse components such as polymers and peptides can be combined with any immunotherapy in the modern toolbox, from checkpoint inhibitors and stimulatory adjuvants, to cancer antigens and adoptive T cells, resulting in unique synergies and improved therapeutic efficacy. The field is growing rapidly in size as publications continue to appear in the literature, and biomaterial-based immunotherapies are entering clinical trials and human patients. It is unarguably an exciting time for cancer immunotherapy and biomaterial researchers, and further work seeks to understand the most critical design considerations in the development of the next-generation of immunotherapeutic biomaterials. This review will discuss recent advances in the delivery of immunotherapies from localized biomaterials, focusing on macroscale implantable and injectable systems. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Anti-cancer immunotherapies have shown exciting clinical results in the past few decades, yet they suffer from a few distinct limitations, such as poor delivery kinetics, narrow patient response profiles, and systemic side effects. Biomaterial systems are now being developed that can overcome many of these problems, allowing for localized adjuvant delivery, focused dose concentrations, and extended therapy presentation. The field of biocompatible carrier materials is uniquely suited to be combined with immunotherapy, promising to yield significant improvements in treatment outcomes and clinical care. In this review, the first pioneering efforts and most recent advances in biomaterials for immunotherapeutic applications are explored, with a specific focus on implantable and injectable biomaterials such as porous scaffolds, cryogels, and hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Leach
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Simon Young
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Hartgerink
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, United States.
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49
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Oishi M, Nakatani K. Dynamically Programmed Switchable DNA Hydrogels Based on a DNA Circuit Mechanism. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900490. [PMID: 30859712 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biological stimuli-responsive DNA hydrogels have attracted much attention in the field of medical engineering owing to their unique phase transitions from gel to sol through cleavage of DNA cross-linking points in response to specific biomolecular inputs. In this paper, a new class of biological stimuli-responsive DNA hydrogels with a dynamically programmed DNA system that relies on a DNA circuit system through cascading toehold-mediated DNA displacement reactions is constructed, allowing the catalytic cleavage of cross-linking points and main chains in response to an appropriate DNA input. The dynamically programmed DNA hydrogels exhibit a significant sharp phase transition from gel to sol in comparison to another DNA hydrogel showing noncatalytic cleavage of cross-linking points due to synchronization of the catalytic cleavage of cross-linking points and the main chains. Further, the sol-gel phase transitions of the DNA hydrogels in response to the DNA input are easily tunable by changing the cross-linking density. Additionally, with a structure-switching aptamer, DNA hydrogels encapsulating PEGylated gold nanoparticles can be used as enzyme-free signal amplifiers for the colorimetric detection of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP); this detection system provides simplicity and higher sensitivity (limit of detection: 5.6 × 10-6 m at 30 min) compared to other DNA hydrogel-based ATP detection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoi Oishi
- Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakatani
- Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
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50
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MacCulloch T, Buchberger A, Stephanopoulos N. Emerging applications of peptide-oligonucleotide conjugates: bioactive scaffolds, self-assembling systems, and hybrid nanomaterials. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1668-1682. [PMID: 30483688 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02436g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Peptide-oligonucleotide conjugates (POCs) are covalent constructs that link a molecule like DNA to a synthetic peptide sequences. These materials merge the programmable self-assembly of oligonucleotides with the bioactivity and chemical diversity of polypeptides. Recent years have seen the widespread use of POCs in a range of fields, driven the by relative advantages of each molecular type. In this review, we will present an overview of the synthesis and application of POCs, with an emphasis on emerging areas where these molecules will have a unique impact. We first discuss two main strategies for synthesizing POCs from synthetic monomers such as phosphoramidites and functionalized amino acids. We then describe four key fields of research in POCs: (1) biomaterials for interfacing with, and controlling the behavior of cells; (2) hybrid self-assembling systems that balance peptide and oligonucleotide intermolecular forces; (3) template-enhanced coupling of POCs into larger molecules; and (4) display of peptides on self-assembled oligonucleotide scaffolds. We also highlight several promising areas for future applications in each of these four directions, and anticipate ever increasing uses of POCs in interdisciplinary research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara MacCulloch
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ, USA.
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