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Tayeb MT, Clark C, Murray GI, Sharp L, Haites NE, McLeod HL. Length and somatic mosaicism of CAG and GGN repeats in the androgen receptor gene and the risk of prostate cancer in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Ann Saudi Med 2004; 24:21-6. [PMID: 15310009 PMCID: PMC6147814 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2004.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common malignancy in men worldwide is cancer of the prostate and determinants of prostate cancer (PRCa) risk remain largely unidentified. Many candidate genes may be involved in PRCa, such as those that are central to cellular growth and differentiation in the prostate gland. We analysed the polymorphic CAG and GGN repeats sequence in exon 1 of the AR gene to determine if the number of repeats might be an indicator of PRCa risk in patients with BPH. METHODS The study evaluated 28 patients who presented with PRCa at least 6 years after the diagnosis of BPH and 56 matched patients with BPH who did not progress to PRCa over a comparable period. RESULTS This study showed no evidence for association between the size of AR CAG and GGN repeats and the risk of the development of PRCa in patients with BPH. However, BPH patients with AR CAG instability had a 12-fold increased risk in development of PRCa. CONCLUSIONS While independent confirmation is required in further studies, these results provide a potential tool to assist prediction strategies for this important disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed T Tayeb
- Departments of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK.
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2
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van Bokhoven A, Varella-Garcia M, Korch C, Johannes WU, Smith EE, Miller HL, Nordeen SK, Miller GJ, Lucia MS. Molecular characterization of human prostate carcinoma cell lines. Prostate 2003; 57:205-25. [PMID: 14518029 DOI: 10.1002/pros.10290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study presents a comprehensive survey and characterization of available prostate carcinoma cell lines, most of which have been widely used but are incompletely characterized. METHODS A total of 21 cell lines were investigated, including three "classical" (DU 145, LNCaP, and PC-3) and 18 "non-classical" lines (1013L, 22Rv1, ALVA-55, ALVA-101, ARCaP, CWR-R1, DuCaP, DuPro-1, LAPC-4, MDA PCa 1, MDA PCa 2a, MDA PCa 2b, NCI-H660, PC-346C, PC-93, PSK-1, UM-SCP-1, and VCaP). Cytogenetics, DNA profiling, expression of basal, luminal, and neuroendocrine differentiation markers, and mutation analyses of the TP53 and androgen receptor (AR) genes were performed. RESULTS Based on cytogenetics and DNA profiling analyses, out of the 18 "non-classical" lines, six were confirmed to be unique, eight (in four pairs) were confirmed to be related in origin, and four lines were identified as cross-contaminants. Of this latter group, PC-93 was found to be a derivative of HeLa, whereas DuPro-1, ALVA-55, and ALVA-101 were derivatives of PC-3. The 17 genuine prostate cell lines expressed keratin 8 (K8) and K18. Nine showed AR expression, of which five harbored mutations in the AR gene. Prostate-specific antigen and DD3 were exclusively detected in AR expressing cell lines. Seven lines expressed the basal cell marker K5, three of these lines showed co-expression of AR. CONCLUSIONS This study defines a collection of 17 genuine prostate carcinoma cell lines. This collection, although small, constitutes a variety of different types and stages of prostate cancer, while it also partly reflects the heterogeneous nature of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrie van Bokhoven
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA.
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Tayeb MT, Clark C, Haites NE, Sharp L, Murray GI, McLeod HL. CYP3A4 and VDR gene polymorphisms and the risk of prostate cancer in men with benign prostate hyperplasia. Br J Cancer 2003; 88:928-32. [PMID: 12644831 PMCID: PMC2377095 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PRCa) is one of the most common causes of cancer death in men and determinants of PRCa risk remain largely unidentified. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is found in the majority of ageing men and has been associated with PRCa. Many candidate genes have been suggested to be involved in PRCa, such as those that are central to cellular growth and differentiation in the prostate gland. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) and CYP3A4 have been shown to be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation in prostate cells. Genetic variations of these genes have been associated with PRCa in case-control studies and may be useful to detect BPH patients that have a higher risk of developing PRCa. The association between CYP3A4 and VDR TaqI SNPs and the risk of developing PRCa have been investigated in this study by determining the variant genotype frequencies of both SNPs in 400 patients with BPH who have been followed clinically for a median of 11 years. The results of this study showed that the incidence rate of PRCa was higher in BPH patients having CYP3A4 variant genotype compared to those with wild type (relative risk (RR)=2.7; 95% CI=0.77-7.66). No association between variant genotype and risk of developing PRCa was observed with the VDR TaqI variant genotype. In addition, the results of combined genotype analysis of these two SNPs showed a borderline significant association between CYP3A4 and VDR TaqI combined variant genotypes and PRCa risk (RR=3.43; 95% CI=0.99-11.77). While independent confirmation is required in further studies, these results provide a potential tool to assist prediction strategies for this important disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Tayeb
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresthill, UK.
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van Bokhoven A, Varella-Garcia M, Korch C, Hessels D, Miller GJ. Widely used prostate carcinoma cell lines share common origins. Prostate 2001; 47:36-51. [PMID: 11304728 DOI: 10.1002/pros.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-contamination is a persistent problem in the establishment and maintenance of mammalian cell lines. The observation that the cell lines PC-3, ALVA-31, and PPC-1 all have a homozygous deletion of the alpha-catenin gene prompted us to investigate the uniqueness of these and several other widely used prostate carcinoma cell lines. METHODS The genetic backgrounds of the putative human prostate cell lines (ALVA-31, ALVA-41, BPH-1, DU 145, JCA-1, LAPC-4, LNCaP, NCI-H660, ND-1, PC-3, PC-3MM2, PC-346C, PPC-1, and TSU-Pr1) were analyzed by cytogenetics, mutation analysis, and DNA profiling. RESULTS Similarities between several groups of cell lines were found. ALVA-31, ALVA-41, PC-3, PC-3MM2, and PPC-1 all have a deletion of a C in codon 138 of the p53 gene and show almost identical DNA profiles. The ND-1 cell line has two p53 mutations that are identical to the mutations found in DU 145. These two cell lines also share a high number of structural chromosomal abnormalities and nearly identical DNA profiles. The cell lines TSU-Pr1 and JCA-1 share an identical p53 mutation in exon 5 and identical DNA profiles. CONCLUSIONS Several widely used prostate carcinoma cell lines apparently have identities in common. The knowledge that some of these cell lines are derivatives of one another prompts re-evaluation of previously obtained results.
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Affiliation(s)
- A van Bokhoven
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA
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5
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Narayan P, Jajodia P, Stein R, Tanagho EA. A comparison of fine needle aspiration and core biopsy in diagnosis and preoperative grading of prostate cancer. J Urol 1989; 141:560-3. [PMID: 2918592 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)40894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Fine needle aspiration biopsy has been documented to be safe and accurate for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. A study was done based on 3 objectives to determine 1) whether performing core biopsies and fine needle aspiration in each patient with a prostate nodule increases the detection rate of prostate cancer, 2) the accuracy of preoperative grading by fine needle aspiration in predicting the final pathological grade in radical prostatectomy specimens and 3) the usefulness of fine needle aspiration in screening for unsuspected stage A prostate cancer. Of 203 consecutive patients undergoing prostate biopsies core and fine needle aspiration biopsies were performed in 121. An additional 58 patients underwent prostate biopsies just before transurethral resection of the prostate and 24 underwent radical prostatectomy. The diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration was superior to that of core biopsy (82 versus 74 per cent). Performance of both biopsies yielded a higher percentage of positive diagnoses than either biopsy alone (32.2 per cent versus 24 and 28 per cent). Except in poorly differentiated cancers, fine needle aspiration is a poor predictor of final pathological grade. Fine needle aspiration is not useful in detecting stage A1 prostate cancer. Although fine needle aspiration has several distinct advantages over core biopsies, there is a definite learning curve before its use can be fully exploited. It is important to have an experienced pathologist and to perform both biopsies at each center until sufficient experience is accumulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Narayan
- Department of Urology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco 94143-0738
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Shain SA, Huot RI. Proliferation of AXC/SSh rat prostate cancer cells in vitro is androgen modulated. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY 1987; 27:503-12. [PMID: 3320541 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(87)90347-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We used heterogeneous parental cultures of AXC/SSh rat prostate cancer cells to isolate clonally derived prostate cancer cell lines. Light and electron microscopic analyses established that parental and clonally isolated cells possess features characteristic of secretory epithelium. Biochemical analyses showed that these cells contained androgen receptors and acid phosphatase and 5 alpha-reductase activity; phenotypic markers characteristic of differentiated prostate epithelium. Content of these prostate epithelial cell markers was variable and cell line specific. We used selected cell lines to examine androgen modulation of AXC/SSh rat prostate cancer cell proliferation in vitro. We found that proliferation of C-family or D-family cells, those respectively maintained on medium without additions or medium containing 10(-7) M 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone, was not affected by changes in medium testosterone concentration through the range 10(-6)-10(-9) M. In contrast, testosterone modified proliferation of T-family cells, those maintained on medium containing 10(-7) M testosterone, and effects were antagonized by the anti-androgen RU 23908. Preliminary studies established that AXC/SSh rat prostate cancer cells elaborate polypeptide components which stimulate in vitro cell proliferation. Both the ability to elaborate these components and their effects on in vitro cell proliferation appeared to be cell line specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Shain
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX 78284
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7
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Abstract
Lists are presented of references to all known publications describing cell properties that serve to characterize (i) known strains of HeLa and purported human cell lines indicated as HeLa contaminants, (ii) strains of human cell lines contaminated with human but non-HeLa cells, and (iii) strains of cells contaminated by cells from one or more other species. Frequencies of cell cross-contaminations are cited and references are presented to relatively simple techniques that could serve to detect such contamination.
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Niles RM, Loewy B. Endogenous inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase in cultured human epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1981; 99:236-42. [PMID: 6263271 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(81)91737-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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9
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Oishi K, Romijn JC, Schroeder FH. The surface character of separated prostatic cells and cultured fibroblasts of prostatic tissue as determined by concanavalin-A hemadsorption. Prostate 1981; 2:11-21. [PMID: 6169078 DOI: 10.1002/pros.2990020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Con-A-coated human type O red blood cells (indicator RBC) were used for ConA reactivity assay of separated epithelial cells and cultured fibroblasts of human prostatic tissue. The epithelial cells of carcinoma showed higher reactivity than those of normal tissue or hyperplastic tissue. Although both cultured fibroblasts of PC and BPH are considered to be non-malignant, it is clearly demonstrated that the PC fibroblasts have a malignant surface character in terms of ConA reactivity, whereas the BPH fibroblasts have a quite low ConA reactivity. ConA-mediated HAD appeared to be a useful tool to distinguish malignant epithelial cells of human prostate from non-malignant ones. It still remains unknown whether the alteration of PC fibroblasts is the cause or the result of carcinogenic transformation of prostatic tissue.
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Merchant DJ. Virology studies and cell lines for prostate cancer. Prostate 1980; 1:215-25. [PMID: 15619921 DOI: 10.1002/pros.2990010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Immunological and biochemical probes for viral genomes and products, growth in cell culture, co-culture methods to activate latent genomes, use of activating agents, and electron microscopy have been used in efforts to demonstrate RNA viruses in prostate cancer. Despite findings of C-type particles and p30 antigens, the role of RNA viruses appears to be secondary, with activation of the virogene being a relatively uncommon occurrence. No compelling evidence for Herpes II or cytomegalovirus as etiologic agents has emerged, despite their common presence in the urogenital tract. Though the search for integration of fragments of viral genome into host DNA is still in progress, it appears unlikely that these viruses would account for a significant number of prostate carcinomas. Progress has been achieved in developing simple, reliable, primary culture methods for human prostatic tissue, using explants or dispersed cells. Three cell lines, all from metastatic foci, have been established, are characterized, and are available for distribution. One neonatal cell strain retains many properties of normal prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Merchant
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Eastern Virginia Medical School, 700 West Olney Road, Norfolk, VA 23501, USA
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Pontes JE, Pierce JM, Choe BK, Rose NR. MA 160 and EB33 cell lines: HeLa cell contaminants, hybrids or prostatic epithelial cells? IN VITRO 1979; 15:469-72. [PMID: 93571 DOI: 10.1007/bf02618148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Studies of acid phosphates produced by cell lines MA 160 and EB 33 demonstrated immunochemically their prostatic origin. MA 160 and EB 33, rather than being HeLa contaminants, may be hybrids of prostatic epithelial and HeLa cells or true prostatic cell lines with chromosomal changes common to all long-term cultivated cell lines.
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12
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Reichman RC, Pons VG, Murphy BR, Caplan EA, Dolin R. Cell-mediated cytotoxicity following influenza infection and vaccination in humans. J Med Virol 1979; 4:1-14. [PMID: 231094 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.1890040102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell-mediated cytotoxic activity in circulating mononuclear cells from 31 volunteers challenged with live influenza A/Victoria virus, and 22 volunteers vaccinated with inactivated influenza vaccine, was examined employing target cells infected with several viruses by means of a 51Cr release assay. Effectors from infected volunteers, and from volunteers who manifested four-fold rises in serum HAI antibody after vaccination, demonstrated significantly elevated levels of cytotoxicity against targets infected with the homologous virus. Elevated cytotoxicity was seen by days 3 and 4 after challenge or vaccination and returned to baseline levels by day 9 to 10. In infected volunteers, cytotoxic activity was broadly directed, rising against targets infected with an antigenically distinct virus within the same influenza type (A), against targets infected with a serologically unrelated virus of a different influenza type (B), and also against cells infected with Newcastle disease virus, a paramyxovirus from another species. However, elevated levels of cytotoxicity were not observed when targets infected with herpes simplex virus, a member of an entirely different virus group, or when uninfected target cells were employed. In vaccinated volunteers, the rise in cytotoxicity was more restricted than after infection, since elevated cytotoxic activity was seen only against cells infected with the homologous virus and not against inflenza B-infected cells. Fractionation of mononuclear cell populations indicated that effector cell activity is associated with T-cell depleted fractions and can only partially be reduced by depletion of adherent cells. The rapid development, short duration, and broadly directed specificity of this cytotoxic response suggest that it may be involved in early events following acute influenza infection in humans.
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Stone KR, Mickey DD, Wunderli H, Mickey GH, Paulson DF. Isolation of a human prostate carcinoma cell line (DU 145). Int J Cancer 1978; 21:274-81. [PMID: 631930 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910210305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 826] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A long-term tissue culture cell line has been derived from a human prostate adenocarcinoma metastatic to the brain. The cell line, DU 145, has been passaged 90 times in vitro over a period of 2 years. The cells are epithelial, grow in isolated islands on plastic Petri dishes, and form colonies in soft agar suspension culture. Karyotypic analysis demonstrates an aneuploid human karyotype with a modal chromosome number of 64. Distinctive marker chromosomes (a translocation Y chromosome, metacentric minute chromosomes and three large acrocentic chromosomes) have been identified. Electron microscopy of the original tumor tissue and of the tissue culture cell line show a remarkable similarity in cell organelle structure.
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Abstract
The development of a tissue culture line of human prostatic adenocarcinoma is described. The culture (HPC-36), derived from tumor tissue explants, is a pure epithelial culture with characteristics of neoplastic cells, including a large nuclear size relative to the amount of cytoplasm, multiple nucleoli within the nucleus, many mitotic figures, the formation of multinucleated giant cells and the loss of contact inhibition. The cells also stained positively for acid phosphatase and have been grown in monolayer and suspension cultures. The HPC-36 cells presently are being studied to determine whether they are true descendants of the cancer cells.
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Niles RM, Makarski JS, Ballinger N, Kim H, Rutenburg AM. Adenylate cyclase activity in cultured epithelial cells. IN VITRO 1977; 13:467-72. [PMID: 198355 DOI: 10.1007/bf02615137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The cyclic AMP metabolism of cultured epithelial cells was investigated. Epinephrine or 1-methyl,3-isobutylxanthine (MIX) alone had no effect on cyclic AMP levels in intact cells, whereas the combination of the two agents yielded a 6- to 10-fold increase in cyclic AMP levels. Both basal and stimulated cyclic AMP levels decreased with increasing cell density. Cell-free adenylate cyclase preparations were stimulated markedly by epinephrine or isoproterenol in the absence of MIX. Since the epithelial cells were found to have a relatively small amount of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity, the requirement for MIX to visualize intact cell responsiveness to epinephrine could be explained only partially by its PDE inhibitory properties.
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Ofner P, Vena RL, Barowsky NJ, Singer RM, Tashjian AH. Comparative C19-radiosteroid metabolism by MA 160 and HeLa cell lines. IN VITRO 1977; 13:378-88. [PMID: 69606 DOI: 10.1007/bf02615098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Niles RM, Makarski JS, Kurtz MJ, Rutenburg AM. Inhibition of human prostatic epithelial cell replication by cAMP and selected analogs. Exp Cell Res 1976; 102:95-103. [PMID: 185073 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(76)90303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
Forty-two specimens of human prostatic neoplasia (32 carcinomas, eight benign hyperplasia, two bladder tumors infiltrating prostatic tissue, and 15 tissue cultures derived from prostatic neoplasia) were examined by electron microscopy. Intracisternal viruslike particles, 150-200 nm in diameter and budding, were found in epithelial cells of four carcinomas. In some of these particles, an electron-dense central core or two concentric layers were discernible. In addition, particles resembling type C virus particles, 90-130 nm in diameter, were observed in intracytoplasmic vacuoles in five cases of carcinomas and in one case of benign prostate hyperplasia. Thus, viruslike particles were found in 9 of 32 cases of prostate carcinoma and in one of eight cases of benign prostate hyperplasia. Virus particles have, so far, not been found in any of the tissue culture specimens. Further studies are required to determine the nature of these particles and their relationship to the origin of human prostatic neoplasia. Additional observations in both benign hyperplasia and carcinoma include intranuclear mitochondria, multilayered nuclear inclusions, bundles of intranuclear fibrils, intracytoplasmic tubules, extracellular tubulo-filamentous structures, and cilia.ltilayered nuclear inclusions, bundles of ilo-filamentous structures, and cilia.
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Abstract
A list is presented of references to all known publications on properties which have served to relate strains of HeLa cells to each other as well as to indict other purported human cell lines as HeLa cell contaminants. Eleven additional cell lines not previously indicted are described. When they exhibit (i) type A (fast) mobility for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, (ii) phosphoglucomutase type 1 at locus 1 and locus 3, (iii) absence of a Y chromosome by fluorescent staining, and (iv) possession of a complex of trypsin-Giemsa banded marker chromosomes present in known HeLa cells, then cell substrates regardless of designation should be considered de facto strains of HeLa.
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Abstract
Cell cultures derived from fetal human and prostatic adenocarcinoma were inoculated with SV40 virus. Within 6 weeks in vitro morphologic transformation occurred, after which the cells proliferated rapidly. They exhibited the SV40 T-antigen by immunofluorescence and survived propagation beyond the limited lifespan of uninfected cultures. We suggest that this may be a useful technique in establishing stable cell lines of human prostate.
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Mainwaring WI. The relevance of studies on androgen action to prostatic cancer. CURRENT TOPICS IN MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY 1976; 4:152-71. [PMID: 800357 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-2601-4_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Stone KR, Paulson DF, Bonar RA, Reich CF. In vitro culture of epithelial cells derived from urogenital tissues. UROLOGICAL RESEARCH 1975; 2:149-53. [PMID: 1170668 DOI: 10.1007/bf00257263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Webber MM. Ultrastructural changes in human prostatic epithelium grown in vitro. JOURNAL OF ULTRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH 1975; 50:89-102. [PMID: 1113368 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5320(75)90011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Armenian HK, Lilienfeld AM, Diamond EL, Bross ID. Relation between benign prostatic hyperplasia and cancer of the prostate. A prospective and retrospective study. Lancet 1974; 2:115-7. [PMID: 4135500 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(74)91551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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26
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Nelson-Rees WA, Flandermeyer RR, Hawthorne PK. Banded marker chromosomes as indicators of intraspecies cellular contamination. Science 1974; 184:1093-6. [PMID: 4469665 DOI: 10.1126/science.184.4141.1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome banding revealed marked chromosomes characteristic of HeLa cells in cultures designated HEK, HEK/HRV, HBT-3, HBT-39B, MA160, and a strain of SA-4TxS-Husa(1). Ohter HeLa cell characteristics found were glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogense type A mobility and lack the Y chromosome. Conventional chromosome analysis and immunological and enzymatic technique serve to monitor species specificity and racial origin of the donor. Chromosome banding, however, can monitor intralinear karyotype peculiarity and its evolution during long-term cultivation.
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Illingworth DR, Portman OW, Robertson AL, Magyar WA. The exchange of phospholipids between plasma lipoproteins and rapidly dividing human cells grown in tissue culture. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 306:422-36. [PMID: 4353707 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(73)90181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Goldblatt H, Friedman L, Cechner RL. On the malignant transformation of cells during prolonged culture under hypoxic conditions in vitro.. BIOCHEMICAL MEDICINE 1973; 7:241-52. [PMID: 4704459 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2944(73)90079-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Brehmer B, Riemann JF, Bloodworth JM, Madsen PO. Electron microscopic appearance of cells from carcinoma of the prostate in monolayer tissue culture. UROLOGICAL RESEARCH 1973; 1:27-31. [PMID: 4774939 DOI: 10.1007/bf00254761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Chapter 6: Cell Culture Contaminants. Methods Cell Biol 1973. [DOI: 10.1016/s0091-679x(08)60051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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