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Labarca R, Frugone-Álvarez M, Vilches L, Blanco JF, Peñaloza Á, Godoy-Aguirre C, Lizama-Catalán Á, Oyarzo C, Tornero C, González-Guarda E, Delgado A, Sepúlveda M, Soto-Huenchuman P. Taguatagua 3: A new late Pleistocene settlement in a highly suitable lacustrine habitat in central Chile (34°S). PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302465. [PMID: 38776357 PMCID: PMC11111044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We present the results of the excavations and analyses of the diverse and exceptional archaeological assemblage of Taguatagua 3, a new late Pleistocene site located in the ancient Tagua Tagua lake in Central Chile (34°S). The anthropogenic context is constrained in a coherently dated stratigraphic deposit which adds new information about the mobility, subsistence strategies, and settlement of the early hunter-gatherers of southern South America. The age model constructed, as well as radiocarbon dates obtained directly from a combustion structure, indicate that the human occupation occurred over a brief time span around 12,440-12,550 cal yr BP. Considering taphonomic, geoarchaeological, lithic, archaeobotanical, and zooarchaeological evidence, as well as the spatial distribution combined with ethnographic data, we interpret Taguatagua 3 as a logistic and temporary camp associated mainly with gomphothere hunting and butchering. Nevertheless, several other activities were carried out here as well, such as hide and/or bone preparation, small vertebrate and plant processing and consumption, and red ochre grinding. Botanical and eggshell remains suggest that the anthropic occupation occurred during the dry season. Considering the contemporaneous sites recorded in the basin, we conclude that the ancient Tagua Tagua lake was a key location along the region's early hunter-gatherer mobility circuits. In this context, it acted as a recurrent hunting/scavenging place during the Late Pleistocene due to its abundant, diverse, and predictable resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Labarca
- Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Escuela de Antropología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matías Frugone-Álvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Ambiental, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | | | | | - Ángela Peñaloza
- Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Carolina Godoy-Aguirre
- Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Escuela de Antropología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Carlos Tornero
- Department of Prehistory, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
- Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES-CERCA), Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Ayelen Delgado
- Institute of Archaeology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marcela Sepúlveda
- Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Tarapacá, Iquique, Chile
| | - Paula Soto-Huenchuman
- Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Ontogenia y Filogenia, Red Paleontológica U-Chile, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Unidad de Patrimonio Paleontológico, Consejo de Monumentos Nacionales, Santiago, Chile
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2
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Steffen ML. New age constraints for human entry into the Americas on the north Pacific coast. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4291. [PMID: 38383701 PMCID: PMC10881565 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54592-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The timing of the initial peopling of the Americas is unresolved. Because the archaeological record necessitates discussion of human entry from Beringia into southern North America during the last glaciation, addressing this problem routinely involves evaluating environmental parameters then targeting areas suitable for human settlement. Vertebrate remains indicate landscape quality and are a key dataset for assessing coastal migration theories and the viability of coastal routes. Here, radiocarbon dates on vertebrate specimens and archaeological sites are calibrated to document species occurrences and the ages of human settlements across the western expansion and decay of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet (CIS) during the Late Wisconsin Fraser Glaciation in four subregions of the north Pacific coast of North America. The results show archaeological sites occur after glacial maxima and are generally consistent with the age of other securely dated earliest sites in southern North America. They also highlight gaps in the vertebrate chronologies around CIS maxima in each of the subregions that point to species redistributions and extirpations and signal times of low potential for human settlement and subsistence in a key portion of the proposed coastal migration route. This study, therefore, defines new age constraints for human coastal migration theories in the peopling of the Americas debate.
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3
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Scott GR, Navega D, Vlemincq-Mendieta T, Dern LL, O'Rourke DH, Hlusko LJ, Hoffecker JF. Peopling of the Americas: A new approach to assessing dental morphological variation in Asian and Native American populations. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 38018312 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Through biodistance analyses, anthropologists have used dental morphology to elucidate how people moved into and throughout the Americas. Here, we apply a method that focuses on individuals rather than sample frequencies through the application rASUDAS2, based on a naïve Bayes' algorithm. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using the database of C.G. Turner II, we calculated the probability that an individual could be assigned to one of seven biogeographic groups (American Arctic, North & South America, East Asia, Southeast Asia & Polynesia, Australo-Melanesia, Western Eurasia, & Sub-Saharan Africa) through rASUDAS2. The frequency of classifications for each biogeographic group was determined for 1418 individuals from six regions across Asia and the Americas. RESULTS Southeast Asians show mixed assignments but rarely to American Arctic or "American Indian." East Asians are assigned to East Asia half the time while 30% are assigned as Native American. People from the American Arctic and North & South America are assigned to Arctic America or non-Arctic America 75%-80% of the time, with 10%-15% classified as East Asian. DISCUSSION All Native American groups have a similar degree of morphological affinity to East Asia, as 10%-15% are classified as East Asian. East Asians are classified as Native American in 30% of cases. Individuals in the Western Hemisphere are decreasingly classified as Arctic the farther south they are located. Equivalent levels of classification as East Asian across all Native American groups suggests one divergence between East Asians and the population ancestral to all Native Americans. Non-arctic Native American groups are derived from the Arctic population, which represents the Native American founder group.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Richard Scott
- Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - David Navega
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Laresa L Dern
- Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Dennis H O'Rourke
- Department of Anthropology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | | | - John F Hoffecker
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
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4
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Philippsen B. Dating the arrival of humans in the Americas. Science 2023; 382:36-37. [PMID: 37797034 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk3075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
A debate about the age of ancient footprints continues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente Philippsen
- National Laboratory for Age Determination, University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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5
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O'Keefe FR, Dunn RE, Weitzel EM, Waters MR, Martinez LN, Binder WJ, Southon JR, Cohen JE, Meachen JA, DeSantis LRG, Kirby ME, Ghezzo E, Coltrain JB, Fuller BT, Farrell AB, Takeuchi GT, MacDonald G, Davis EB, Lindsey EL. Pre-Younger Dryas megafaunal extirpation at Rancho La Brea linked to fire-driven state shift. Science 2023; 381:eabo3594. [PMID: 37590347 DOI: 10.1126/science.abo3594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The cause, or causes, of the Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions have been difficult to establish, in part because poor spatiotemporal resolution in the fossil record hinders alignment of species disappearances with archeological and environmental data. We obtained 172 new radiocarbon dates on megafauna from Rancho La Brea in California spanning 15.6 to 10.0 thousand calendar years before present (ka). Seven species of extinct megafauna disappeared by 12.9 ka, before the onset of the Younger Dryas. Comparison with high-resolution regional datasets revealed that these disappearances coincided with an ecological state shift that followed aridification and vegetation changes during the Bølling-Allerød (14.69 to 12.89 ka). Time-series modeling implicates large-scale fires as the primary cause of the extirpations, and the catalyst of this state shift may have been mounting human impacts in a drying, warming, and increasingly fire-prone ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Robin O'Keefe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
- La Brea Tar Pits and Museum, Natural History Museums of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Regan E Dunn
- La Brea Tar Pits and Museum, Natural History Museums of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elic M Weitzel
- Department of Anthropology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Michael R Waters
- Center for the Study of the First Americans, Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Lisa N Martinez
- Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wendy J Binder
- La Brea Tar Pits and Museum, Natural History Museums of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biology, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John R Southon
- Department of Earth System Science, University California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Joshua E Cohen
- La Brea Tar Pits and Museum, Natural History Museums of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biology, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biology, Pace University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julie A Meachen
- La Brea Tar Pits and Museum, Natural History Museums of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, USA
| | - Larisa R G DeSantis
- La Brea Tar Pits and Museum, Natural History Museums of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Matthew E Kirby
- Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Elena Ghezzo
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics, and Statistics, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Venice, Italy
- Department of Earth Sciences, University Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Joan B Coltrain
- Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Benjamin T Fuller
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, UMR 5563, CNRS, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France
| | - Aisling B Farrell
- La Brea Tar Pits and Museum, Natural History Museums of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gary T Takeuchi
- La Brea Tar Pits and Museum, Natural History Museums of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Glen MacDonald
- Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edward B Davis
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics, and Statistics, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Venice, Italy
- Department of Earth Sciences, University Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Emily L Lindsey
- La Brea Tar Pits and Museum, Natural History Museums of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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6
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Malyarchuk BA. The role of Beringia in human adaptation to Arctic conditions based on results of genomic studies of modern and ancient populations. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2023; 27:373-382. [PMID: 37465192 PMCID: PMC10350865 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-23-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The results of studies in Quaternary geology, archeology, paleoanthropology and human genetics demonstrate that the ancestors of Native Americans arrived in mid-latitude North America mainly along the Pacific Northwest Coast, but had previously inhabited the Arctic and during the last glacial maximum were in a refugium in Beringia, a land bridge connecting Eurasia and North America. The gene pool of Native Americans is represented by unique haplogroups of mitochondrial DNA and the Y chromosome, the evolutionary age of which ranges from 13 to 22 thousand years. The results of a paleogenomic analysis also show that during the last glacial maximum Beringia was populated by human groups that had arisen as a result of interaction between the most ancient Upper Paleolithic populations of Northern Eurasia and newcomer groups from East Asia. Approximately 20 thousand years ago the Beringian populations began to form, and the duration of their existence in relative isolation is estimated at about 5 thousand years. Thus, the adaptation of the Beringians to the Arctic conditions could have taken several millennia. The adaptation of Amerindian ancestors to high latitudes and cold climates is supported by genomic data showing that adaptive genetic variants in Native Americans are associated with various metabolic pathways: melanin production processes in the skin, hair and eyes, the functioning of the cardiovascular system, energy metabolism and immune response characteristics. Meanwhile, the analysis of the existing hypotheses about the selection of some genetic variants in the Beringian ancestors of the Amerindians in connection with adaptation to the Arctic conditions (for example, in the FADS, ACTN3, EDAR genes) shows the ambiguity of the testing results, which may be due to the loss of some traces of the "Beringian" adaptation in the gene pools of modern Native Americans. The most optimal strategy for further research seems to be the search for adaptive variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Malyarchuk
- Institute of Biological Problems of the North, Far-East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan, Russia N.A. Shilo North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute, Far-East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan, Russia
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7
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Kennett DJ, Harper TK, VanDerwarker A, Thakar HB, Domic A, Blake M, Benz BF, George RJ, Scheffler TE, Culleton BJ, Kistler L, Hirth KG. Trans-Holocene Bayesian chronology for tree and field crop use from El Gigante rockshelter, Honduras. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287195. [PMID: 37352287 PMCID: PMC10289419 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
El Gigante rockshelter in western Honduras provides a deeply stratified archaeological record of human-environment interaction spanning the entirety of the Holocene. Botanical materials are remarkably well preserved and include important tree (e.g., ciruela (Spondias), avocado (Persea americana)) and field (maize (Zea mays), beans (Phaseolus), and squash (Cucurbita)) crops. Here we provide a major update to the chronology of tree and field crop use evident in the sequence. We report 375 radiocarbon dates, a majority of which are for short-lived botanical macrofossils (e.g., maize cobs, avocado seeds, or rinds). Radiocarbon dates were used in combination with stratigraphic details to establish a Bayesian chronology for ~9,800 identified botanical samples spanning the last 11,000 years. We estimate that at least 16 discrete intervals of use occurred during this time, separated by gaps of ~100-2,000 years. The longest hiatus in rockshelter occupation was between ~6,400 and 4,400 years ago and the deposition of botanical remains peaked at ~2,000 calendar years before present (cal BP). Tree fruits and squash appeared early in the occupational sequence (~11,000 cal BP) with most other field crops appearing later in time (e.g., maize at ~4,400 cal BP; beans at ~2,200 cal BP). The early focus on tree fruits and squash is consistent with early coevolutionary partnering with humans as seed dispersers in the wake of megafaunal extinction in Mesoamerica. Tree crops predominated through much of the Holocene, and there was an overall shift to field crops after 4,000 cal BP that was largely driven by increased reliance on maize farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas J. Kennett
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas K. Harper
- Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Amber VanDerwarker
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Heather B. Thakar
- Department of Anthropology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alejandra Domic
- Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael Blake
- Department of Biology, Texas Wesleyan University, Forth Worth, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bruce F. Benz
- Department of Anthropology, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Richard J. George
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, United States of America
| | - Timothy E. Scheffler
- Department of Anthropology, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Brendan J. Culleton
- Institutes of Energy and the Environment, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Logan Kistler
- Department of Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Kenneth G. Hirth
- Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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8
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Jose-Abrego A, Roman S, Laguna-Meraz S, Rebello-Pinho JR, Justo Arevalo S, Panduro A. Tracing the evolutionary history of hepatitis B virus genotype H endemic to Mexico. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1180931. [PMID: 37293217 PMCID: PMC10244555 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1180931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) spreads efficiently among all human populations worldwide. HBV is classified into ten genotypes (A to J) with their geographic distribution and clinical features. In Mexico, HBV genotype H is the leading cause of hepatitis B and has been detected in indigenous populations, suggesting that HBV genotype H may be native to Mexico. However, little is known about the evolutionary history of HBV genotype H. Thus, we aimed to determine the age of HBV genotype H in Mexico using molecular dating techniques. Ninety-two HBV sequences of the reverse transcriptase (RT) domain of the polymerase gene (~1,251 bp) were analyzed; 48 were genotype H, 43 were genotype F, and the oldest HBV sequence from America was included as the root. All sequences were aligned, and the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) time was calculated using the Bayesian Skyline Evolutionary Analysis. Our results estimate a TMRCA for the genotype H in Mexico of 2070.9 (667.5-4489.2) years before the present (YBP). We identified four major diversification events in genotype H, named H1, H2, H3, and H4. The TMRCA of H1 was 1213.0 (253.3-2638.3) YBP, followed by H2 1175.5 (557.5-2424.2) YBP, H3 949.6 (279.3-2105.0) YBP, and H4 1230.5 (336.3, 2756.7) YBP. We estimated that genotype H diverged from its sister genotype F around 8140.8 (1867.5-18012.8) YBP. In conclusion, this study found that genotype H in Mexico has an estimated age of 2070.9 (667.5-4489.2) YBP and has experienced at least four major diversification events since then.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Jose-Abrego
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Sonia Roman
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Saul Laguna-Meraz
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Molecular Biology in Medicine Doctorate Program, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - João Renato Rebello-Pinho
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Tropical Medicine and School of Medicine, LIM07, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Santiago Justo Arevalo
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ricardo Palma University, Lima, Peru
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arturo Panduro
- Department of Genomic Medicine in Hepatology, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, "Fray Antonio Alcalde", Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
- Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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9
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Capodiferro MR, Chero Osorio AM, Rambaldi Migliore N, Tineo Tineo DH, Raveane A, Xavier C, Bodner M, Simão F, Ongaro L, Montinaro F, Lindo J, Huerta-Sanchez E, Politis G, Barbieri C, Parson W, Gusmão L, Achilli A. The multifaceted genomic history of Ashaninka from Amazonian Peru. Curr Biol 2023; 33:1573-1581.e5. [PMID: 36931272 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite its crucial location, the western side of Amazonia between the Andes and the source(s) of the Amazon River is still understudied from a genomic and archaeogenomic point of view, albeit possibly harboring essential information to clarify the complex genetic history of local Indigenous groups and their interactions with nearby regions,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 including central America and the Caribbean.9,10,11,12 Focusing on this key region, we analyzed the genome-wide profiles of 51 Ashaninka individuals from Amazonian Peru, observing an unexpected extent of genomic variation. We identified at least two Ashaninka subgroups with distinctive genomic makeups, which were differentially shaped by the degree and timing of external admixtures, especially with the Indigenous groups from the Andes and the Pacific coast. On a continental scale, Ashaninka ancestors probably derived from a south-north migration of Indigenous groups moving into the Amazonian rainforest from a southeastern area with contributions from the Southern Cone and the Atlantic coast. These ancestral populations diversified in the variegated geographic regions of interior South America, on the eastern side of the Andes, differentially interacting with surrounding coastal groups. In this complex scenario, we also revealed strict connections between the ancestors of present-day Ashaninka, who belong to the Arawakan language family,13 and those Indigenous groups that moved further north into the Caribbean, contributing to the early Ceramic (Saladoid) tradition in the islands.14,15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rosario Capodiferro
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, D02 CX56 Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Ana María Chero Osorio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicola Rambaldi Migliore
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Dean Herman Tineo Tineo
- Laboratorio de Biología Forense, Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses, Ministerio Público, Lima 15033, Perú
| | | | - Catarina Xavier
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Martin Bodner
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Filipa Simão
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico por DNA (LDD), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 23968-000, Brazil
| | - Linda Ongaro
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, D02 CX56 Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Francesco Montinaro
- Department of Biology-Genetics, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy; Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - John Lindo
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Emilia Huerta-Sanchez
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, D02 CX56 Dublin 2, Ireland; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Center for Computational and Molecular Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA
| | - Gustavo Politis
- INCUAPA-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Olavarría 7400, Argentina
| | - Chiara Barbieri
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Walther Parson
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Forensic Science Program, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801, USA
| | - Leonor Gusmão
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico por DNA (LDD), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 23968-000, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Achilli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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10
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Waters MR, Newell ZA, Fisher DC, McDonald HG, Han J, Moreno M, Robbins A. Late Pleistocene osseous projectile point from the Manis site, Washington-Mastodon hunting in the Pacific Northwest 13,900 years ago. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade9068. [PMID: 36724281 PMCID: PMC9891687 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade9068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Bone fragments embedded in a rib of a mastodon (Mammut americanum) from the Manis site, Washington, were digitally excavated and refit to reconstruct an object that is thin and broad, has smooth, shaped faces that converge to sharp lateral edges, and has a plano-convex cross section. These characteristics are consistent with the object being a human-made projectile point. The 13,900-year-old Manis projectile point is morphologically different from later cylindrical osseous points of the 13,000-year-old Clovis complex. The Manis point, which is made of mastodon bone, shows that people predating Clovis made and used osseous weapons to hunt megafauna in the Pacific Northwest during the Bølling-Allerød.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Waters
- Center for the Study of the First Americans, Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Zachary A. Newell
- Department of Anthropology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Daniel C. Fisher
- Museum of Paleontology and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, 1105 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1085, USA
| | - H. Gregory McDonald
- Bureau of Land Management, Utah State Office, West 200 South, Salt Lake City, UT 84101, USA
| | - Jiwan Han
- J. Mike Walker ‘66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Michael Moreno
- J. Mike Walker ‘66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Andrew Robbins
- J. Mike Walker ‘66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Multidisciplinary Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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11
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Hoffecker JF, Elias SA, Scott GR, O'Rourke DH, Hlusko LJ, Potapova O, Pitulko V, Pavlova E, Bourgeon L, Vachula RS. Beringia and the peopling of the Western Hemisphere. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20222246. [PMID: 36629115 PMCID: PMC9832545 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.2246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Did Beringian environments represent an ecological barrier to humans until less than 15 000 years ago or was access to the Americas controlled by the spatial-temporal distribution of North American ice sheets? Beringian environments varied with respect to climate and biota, especially in the two major areas of exposed continental shelf. The East Siberian Arctic Shelf ('Great Arctic Plain' (GAP)) supported a dry steppe-tundra biome inhabited by a diverse large-mammal community, while the southern Bering-Chukchi Platform ('Bering Land Bridge' (BLB)) supported mesic tundra and probably a lower large-mammal biomass. A human population with west Eurasian roots occupied the GAP before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and may have accessed mid-latitude North America via an interior ice-free corridor. Re-opening of the corridor less than 14 000 years ago indicates that the primary ancestors of living First Peoples, who already had spread widely in the Americas at this time, probably dispersed from the NW Pacific coast. A genetic 'arctic signal' in non-arctic First Peoples suggests that their parent population inhabited the GAP during the LGM, before their split from the former. We infer a shift from GAP terrestrial to a subarctic maritime economy on the southern BLB coast before dispersal in the Americas from the NW Pacific coast.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F. Hoffecker
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA,Department of Anthropology, University of Kansas, 622 Fraser Hall, 1415 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Scott A. Elias
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - G. Richard Scott
- Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada-Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Dennis H. O'Rourke
- Department of Anthropology, University of Kansas, 622 Fraser Hall, 1415 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Leslea J. Hlusko
- Human Evolution Research Center, University of California-Berkeley, 3101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA,Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain
| | - Olga Potapova
- Pleistocene Park Foundation, Philadelphia, PA 19006, USA,Department of Mammoth Fauna Studies, Academy of Sciences of Sakha, Yakutsk, Russia,The Mammoth Site of Hot Springs, Hot Springs, SD 57747, USA
| | - Vladimir Pitulko
- Institute of the History of Material Culture, Russian Academy of Sciences, Dvortsovaya nab., 18, 191186 St Petersburg, Russia,Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Universitetskaya nab., St Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Pavlova
- Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, Russian Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring, 38 Bering Street, 199397 St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Lauriane Bourgeon
- Kansas Geological Survey, University of Kansas, 1930 Constant Ave., Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Richard S. Vachula
- Department of Geosciences, Auburn University, 2050 Beard Eaves Coliseum, Auburn, AL 36849-5305, USA
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12
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Campelo dos Santos AL, Owings A, Sullasi HSL, Gokcumen O, DeGiorgio M, Lindo J. Genomic evidence for ancient human migration routes along South America's Atlantic coast. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20221078. [PMID: 36322514 PMCID: PMC9629774 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing body of archaeological and genomic evidence has hinted at a complex settlement process of the Americas by humans. This is especially true for South America, where unexpected ancestral signals have raised perplexing scenarios for the early migrations into different regions of the continent. Here, we present ancient human genomes from the archaeologically rich Northeast Brazil and compare them to ancient and present-day genomic data. We find a distinct relationship between ancient genomes from Northeast Brazil, Lagoa Santa, Uruguay and Panama, representing evidence for ancient migration routes along South America's Atlantic coast. To further add to the existing complexity, we also detect greater Denisovan than Neanderthal ancestry in ancient Uruguay and Panama individuals. Moreover, we find a strong Australasian signal in an ancient genome from Panama. This work sheds light on the deep demographic history of eastern South America and presents a starting point for future fine-scale investigations on the regional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Luiz Campelo dos Santos
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA,Department of Archaeology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Amanda Owings
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | | | - Omer Gokcumen
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Michael DeGiorgio
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - John Lindo
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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13
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Estavoyer M, François O. Theoretical analysis of principal components in an umbrella model of intraspecific evolution. Theor Popul Biol 2022; 148:11-21. [PMID: 36122755 DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Principal component analysis (PCA) is one of the most frequently-used approach to describe population structure from multilocus genotype data. Regarding geographic range expansions of modern humans, interpretations of PCA have, however, been questioned, as there is uncertainty about the wave-like patterns that have been observed in principal components. It has indeed been argued that wave-like patterns are mathematical artifacts that arise generally when PCA is applied to data in which genetic differentiation increases with geographic distance. Here, we present an alternative theory for the observation of wave-like patterns in PCA. We study a coalescent model - the umbrella model - for the diffusion of genetic variants. The model is based on genetic drift without any particular geographical structure. In the umbrella model, splits from an ancestral population occur almost continuously in time, giving birth to small daughter populations at a regular pace. Our results provide detailed mathematical descriptions of eigenvalues and eigenvectors for the PCA of sampled genomic sequences under the model. When variants uniquely represented in the sample are removed, the PCA eigenvectors are defined as cosine functions of increasing periodicity, reproducing wave-like patterns observed in equilibrium isolation-by-distance models. Including singleton variants in the analysis, the eigenvectors corresponding to the largest eigenvalues exhibit complex wave shapes. The accuracy of our predictions is further investigated with coalescent simulations. Our analysis supports the hypothesis that highly structured wave-like patterns could arise from genetic drift only, and may not always be artificial outcomes of spatially structured data. Genomic data related to the peopling of the Americas are reanalyzed in the light of our new theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Estavoyer
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble INP, TIMC UMR 5525, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier François
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble INP, TIMC UMR 5525, 38000 Grenoble, France; Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes Inovallée, 655 Avenue de l'Europe - CS 90051 38334 Montbonnot, France.
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14
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Silva MACE, Ferraz T, Hünemeier T. A genomic perspective on South American human history. Genet Mol Biol 2022; 45:e20220078. [PMID: 35925590 PMCID: PMC9351327 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2022-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It has generally been accepted that the current indigenous peoples of the Americas are derived from ancestors from northeastern Asia. The latter were believed to have spread into the American continent by the end of the Last Glacial Maximum. In this sense, a joint and in-depth study of the earliest settlement of East Asia and the Americas is required to elucidate these events accurately. The first Americans underwent an adaptation process to the Americas' vast environmental diversity, mediated by biological and cultural evolution and niche construction, resulting in enormous cultural diversity, a wealth of domesticated species, and extensive landscape modifications. Afterward, in the Late Holocene, the advent of intensive agricultural food production systems, sedentism, and climate change significantly reshaped genetic and cultural diversity across the continent, particularly in the Andes and Amazonia. Furthermore, starting around the end of the 15th century, European colonization resulted in massive extermination of indigenous peoples and extensive admixture. Thus, the present review aims to create a comprehensive picture of the main events involved in the formation of contemporary South American indigenous populations and the dynamics responsible for shaping their genetic diversity by integrating current genetic data with evidence from archeology, linguistics and other disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Araújo Castro E Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Ferraz
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tábita Hünemeier
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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15
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Late quaternary biotic homogenization of North American mammalian faunas. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3940. [PMID: 35803946 PMCID: PMC9270452 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31595-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotic homogenization—increasing similarity of species composition among ecological communities—has been linked to anthropogenic processes operating over the last century. Fossil evidence, however, suggests that humans have had impacts on ecosystems for millennia. We quantify biotic homogenization of North American mammalian assemblages during the late Pleistocene through Holocene (~30,000 ybp to recent), a timespan encompassing increased evidence of humans on the landscape (~20,000–14,000 ybp). From ~10,000 ybp to recent, assemblages became significantly more homogenous (>100% increase in Jaccard similarity), a pattern that cannot be explained by changes in fossil record sampling. Homogenization was most pronounced among mammals larger than 1 kg and occurred in two phases. The first followed the megafaunal extinction at ~10,000 ybp. The second, more rapid phase began during human population growth and early agricultural intensification (~2,000–1,000 ybp). We show that North American ecosystems were homogenizing for millennia, extending human impacts back ~10,000 years. Biotic homogenization, which is increased similarity in the composition of species among communities, is rising due to human activities. Using North American mammal fossil records from the past 30,000 years, this study shows that this phenomenon is ancient, beginning between 12,000 and 10,000 years ago with the extinction of the mammal megafauna.
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16
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Rowe TB, Stafford TW, Fisher DC, Enghild JJ, Quigg JM, Ketcham RA, Sagebiel JC, Hanna R, Colbert MW. Human Occupation of the North American Colorado Plateau ∼37,000 Years Ago. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.903795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calibrating human population dispersals across Earth’s surface is fundamental to assessing rates and timing of anthropogenic impacts and distinguishing ecological phenomena influenced by humans from those that were not. Here, we describe the Hartley mammoth locality, which dates to 38,900–36,250 cal BP by AMS 14C analysis of hydroxyproline from bone collagen. We accept the standard view that elaborate stone technology of the Eurasian Upper Paleolithic was introduced into the Americas by arrival of the Native American clade ∼16,000 cal BP. It follows that if older cultural sites exist in the Americas, they might only be diagnosed using nuanced taphonomic approaches. We employed computed tomography (CT and μCT) and other state-of-the-art methods that had not previously been applied to investigating ancient American sites. This revealed multiple lines of taphonomic evidence suggesting that two mammoths were butchered using expedient lithic and bone technology, along with evidence diagnostic of controlled (domestic) fire. That this may be an ancient cultural site is corroborated by independent genetic evidence of two founding populations for humans in the Americas, which has already raised the possibility of a dispersal into the Americas by people of East Asian ancestry that preceded the Native American clade by millennia. The Hartley mammoth locality thus provides a new deep point of chronologic reference for occupation of the Americas and the attainment by humans of a near-global distribution.
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17
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Leontiadis GI, Longstreth GF. Evolutionary Medicine Perspectives: Helicobacter pylori, Lactose Intolerance, and 3 Hypotheses for Functional and Inflammatory Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders. Am J Gastroenterol 2022; 117:721-728. [PMID: 35169106 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many clinicians have suboptimal knowledge of evolutionary medicine. This discipline integrates social and basic sciences, epidemiology, and clinical medicine, providing explanations, especially ultimate causes, for many conditions. Principles include genetic variation from population bottleneck and founder effects, evolutionary trade-offs, and coevolution. For example, host-microbe coevolution contributes to the inflammatory and carcinogenic variability of Helicobacter pylori. Antibiotic-resistant strains are evolving, but future therapy could target promutagenic proteins. Ancient humans practicing dairying achieved survival and reproduction advantages of postweaning lactase persistence and passed this trait to modern descendants, delegitimizing lactose intolerance as "disease" in people with lactase nonpersistence. Three evolutionary hypotheses are each relevant to multiple diseases: (i) the polyvagal hypothesis posits that prehistoric adaptation of autonomic nervous system reactions to stress is beneficial acutely but, when continued chronically, predisposes individuals to painful functional gastrointestinal disorders, in whom it may be a biomarker; (ii) the thrifty gene hypothesis proposes genetic adaptation to feast-famine cycles among Pleistocene migrants to America, which is mismatched with Indigenous Americans' current diet and physical activity, predisposing them to obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and gallstones and their complications; and (iii) the hygiene hypothesis proposes alteration of the gut microbiome, with which humans have coevolved, in allergic and autoimmune disease pathogenesis; for example, association of microbiome-altering proton pump inhibitor use with pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis, early-life gastrointestinal infection with celiac disease, and infant antibiotic use and an economically advanced environment with inflammatory bowel disease. Evolutionary perspectives broaden physicians' understanding of disease processes, improve care, and stimulate research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios I Leontiadis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - George F Longstreth
- Section of Gastroenterology, Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
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18
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The age of the opening of the Ice-Free Corridor and implications for the peopling of the Americas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2118558119. [PMID: 35312340 PMCID: PMC9168949 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2118558119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ice-Free Corridor (IFC) has long played a key role in hypotheses about the peopling of the Americas. Earlier assessments of its age suggested that the IFC was available for a Clovis-first migration, but subsequent developments now suggest a pre-Clovis occupation of the Americas that occurred before the opening of the IFC, thus supporting a Pacific coastal migration route instead. However, large uncertainties in existing ages from the IFC cannot preclude its availability as a route for the first migrations. Resolving this debate over migration route is important for addressing the questions of when and how the first Americans arrived. We report cosmogenic nuclide exposure ages that show that the final opening of the IFC occurred well after pre-Clovis occupation. The Clovis-first model for the peopling of the Americas by ∼13.4 ka has long invoked the Ice-Free Corridor (IFC) between the retreating margins of the Cordilleran and Laurentide ice sheets as the migration route from Alaska and the Yukon down to the Great Plains. Evidence from archaeology and ancient genomics, however, now suggests that pre-Clovis migrations occurred by at least ∼15.5 to 16.0 ka or earlier than most recent assessments of the age of IFC opening at ∼14 to 15 ka, lending support to the use of a Pacific coast migration route instead. Uncertainties in ages from the IFC used in these assessments, however, allow for an earlier IFC opening which would be consistent with the availability of the IFC as a migration route by ∼15.5 to 16.0 ka. Here, we use 64 cosmogenic (10Be) exposure ages to closely date the age of the full opening of the IFC at 13.8 ± 0.5 ka. Our results thus clearly establish that the IFC was not available for the first peopling of the Americas after the Last Glacial Maximum, whereas extensive geochronological data from the Pacific coast support its earlier availability as a coastal migration route.
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19
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Duke D, Wohlgemuth E, Adams KR, Armstrong-Ingram A, Rice SK, Young DC. Earliest evidence for human use of tobacco in the Pleistocene Americas. Nat Hum Behav 2022; 6:183-192. [PMID: 34635825 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-021-01202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Current archaeological research on cultigens emphasizes the protracted and intimate human interactions with wild species that defined paths to domestication and, with certain plants, profoundly impacted humanity. Tobacco arguably has had more impact on global patterns in history than any other psychoactive substance, but how deep its cultural ties extend has been widely debated. Excavations at the Wishbone site, directed at the hearth-side activities of the early inhabitants of North America's desert west, have uncovered evidence for human tobacco use approximately 12,300 years ago, 9,000 years earlier than previously documented. Here we detail the preservation context of the site, discuss its cultural affiliation and suggest ways that the tobacco may have been used. The find has implications for our understanding of deep-time human use of intoxicants and its sociocultural intersection with food crop domestication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daron Duke
- Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Desert Branch, Henderson, NV, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | - D Craig Young
- Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Great Basin Branch, Carson City, NV, USA
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20
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Bottom-up versus top-down megafauna-vegetation interactions in ancient Beringia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2121734119. [PMID: 35082158 PMCID: PMC8812515 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2121734119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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21
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Andreae MO, Andreae TW. Archaeometric studies on rock art at four sites in the northeastern Great Basin of North America. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263189. [PMID: 35081173 PMCID: PMC8791535 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rock art originated some 46,000 years ago and can provide unique insights into the minds of our human ancestors. However, dating of these ancient images, especially of petroglyphs, remains a challenge. In this study, we explore the potential of deriving age estimates from measurements of the areal densities of manganese (DMn) and iron (DFe) in the rock varnish on petroglyphs, based on the concept that the amount of varnish that has regrown on a petroglyph since its creation, relative to the surrounding intact varnish, is a measure of its age. We measured DMn and DFe by portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) on dated Late Pleistocene and Holocene rock surfaces, from which we derived accumulation rates of Mn and Fe in the rock varnish. The observed rates were comparable to our previous findings on basalt surfaces in North America. We derived age estimates for the rock art at four sites in the northern Great Basin region of North America based on DMn measurements on the petroglyphs and intact varnish. They suggest that rock art creation in this region began around the Pleistocene/Holocene transition and continued into the Historic Period, encompassing a wide range of styles and motifs. Evidence of reworking of the rock art at various times by Indigenous people speaks of the continued agency of these images through the millennia. Our results are in good agreement with chronologies based on archeological and other archaeometric techniques. While our method remains subject to significant uncertainty with regard to the absolute ages of individual images, it provides the unique opportunity to obtain age estimates for large ensembles of images without the need for destructive sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meinrat O. Andreae
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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22
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Overview of the Americas’ First Peopling from a Patrilineal Perspective: New Evidence from the Southern Continent. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020220. [PMID: 35205264 PMCID: PMC8871784 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Uniparental genetic systems are unique sex indicators and complement the study of autosomal diversity by providing landmarks of human migrations that repeatedly shaped the structure of extant populations. Our knowledge of the variation of the male-specific region of the Y chromosome in Native Americans is still rather scarce and scattered, but by merging sequence information from modern and ancient individuals, we here provide a comprehensive and updated phylogeny of the distinctive Native American branches of haplogroups C and Q. Our analyses confirm C-MPB373, C-P39, Q-Z780, Q-M848, and Q-Y4276 as the main founding haplogroups and identify traces of unsuccessful (pre-Q-F1096) or extinct (C-L1373*, Q-YP4010*) Y-chromosome lineages, indicating that haplogroup diversity of the founder populations that first entered the Americas was greater than that observed in the Indigenous component of modern populations. In addition, through a diachronic and phylogeographic dissection of newly identified Q-M848 branches, we provide the first Y-chromosome insights into the early peopling of the South American hinterland (Q-BY104773 and Q-BY15730) and on overlying inland migrations (Q-BY139813).
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23
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Kocher A, Papac L, Barquera R, Key FM, Spyrou MA, Hübler R, Rohrlach AB, Aron F, Stahl R, Wissgott A, van Bömmel F, Pfefferkorn M, Mittnik A, Villalba-Mouco V, Neumann GU, Rivollat M, van de Loosdrecht MS, Majander K, Tukhbatova RI, Musralina L, Ghalichi A, Penske S, Sabin S, Michel M, Gretzinger J, Nelson EA, Ferraz T, Nägele K, Parker C, Keller M, Guevara EK, Feldman M, Eisenmann S, Skourtanioti E, Giffin K, Gnecchi-Ruscone GA, Friederich S, Schimmenti V, Khartanovich V, Karapetian MK, Chaplygin MS, Kufterin VV, Khokhlov AA, Chizhevsky AA, Stashenkov DA, Kochkina AF, Tejedor-Rodríguez C, de Lagrán ÍGM, Arcusa-Magallón H, Garrido-Pena R, Royo-Guillén JI, Nováček J, Rottier S, Kacki S, Saintot S, Kaverzneva E, Belinskiy AB, Velemínský P, Limburský P, Kostka M, Loe L, Popescu E, Clarke R, Lyons A, Mortimer R, Sajantila A, de Armas YC, Hernandez Godoy ST, Hernández-Zaragoza DI, Pearson J, Binder D, Lefranc P, Kantorovich AR, Maslov VE, Lai L, Zoledziewska M, Beckett JF, Langová M, Danielisová A, Ingman T, Atiénzar GG, de Miguel Ibáñez MP, Romero A, Sperduti A, Beckett S, Salter SJ, Zilivinskaya ED, Vasil'ev DV, von Heyking K, Burger RL, Salazar LC, Amkreutz L, Navruzbekov M, Rosenstock E, Alonso-Fernández C, Slavchev V, Kalmykov AA, Atabiev BC, Batieva E, Calmet MA, Llamas B, Schultz M, Krauß R, Jiménez-Echevarría J, Francken M, Shnaider S, de Knijff P, Altena E, Van de Vijver K, Fehren-Schmitz L, Tung TA, Lösch S, Dobrovolskaya M, Makarov N, Read C, Van Twest M, Sagona C, Ramsl PC, Akar M, Yener KA, Ballestero EC, Cucca F, Mazzarello V, Utrilla P, Rademaker K, Fernández-Domínguez E, Baird D, Semal P, Márquez-Morfín L, Roksandic M, Steiner H, Salazar-García DC, Shishlina N, Erdal YS, Hallgren F, Boyadzhiev Y, Boyadzhiev K, Küßner M, Sayer D, Onkamo P, Skeates R, Rojo-Guerra M, Buzhilova A, Khussainova E, Djansugurova LB, Beisenov AZ, Samashev Z, Massy K, Mannino M, Moiseyev V, Mannermaa K, Balanovsky O, Deguilloux MF, Reinhold S, Hansen S, Kitov EP, Dobeš M, Ernée M, Meller H, Alt KW, Prüfer K, Warinner C, Schiffels S, Stockhammer PW, Bos K, Posth C, Herbig A, Haak W, Krause J, Kühnert D. Ten millennia of hepatitis B virus evolution. Science 2021; 374:182-188. [PMID: 34618559 DOI: 10.1126/science.abi5658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Kocher
- Transmission, Infection, Diversification and Evolution Group, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Luka Papac
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Barquera
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Felix M Key
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria A Spyrou
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics group, Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ron Hübler
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Adam B Rohrlach
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Franziska Aron
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Raphaela Stahl
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Antje Wissgott
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Florian van Bömmel
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Pfefferkorn
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Medicine II, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alissa Mittnik
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Vanessa Villalba-Mouco
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Evolutionary Biology, CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gunnar U Neumann
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maïté Rivollat
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, PACEA UMR 5199, Pessac, France
| | | | - Kerttu Majander
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Evolutionary Medicine (IEM), University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rezeda I Tukhbatova
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Laboratory of Structural Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Lyazzat Musralina
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,Institute of Genetics and Physiology, 050060 Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ayshin Ghalichi
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sandra Penske
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanna Sabin
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Megan Michel
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Joscha Gretzinger
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elizabeth A Nelson
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Tiago Ferraz
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Departmento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kathrin Nägele
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Cody Parker
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Arizona State University School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Tempe Arizona, USA
| | - Marcel Keller
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Evelyn K Guevara
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michal Feldman
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics group, Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Eisenmann
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eirini Skourtanioti
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karen Giffin
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Guido Alberto Gnecchi-Ruscone
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Friederich
- State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt and State Museum of Prehistory, D-06114 Halle, Germany
| | | | - Valery Khartanovich
- Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) RAS, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marina K Karapetian
- Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vladimir V Kufterin
- Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Andrey A Chizhevsky
- Institute of Archaeology named after A. Kh. Khalikov, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
| | - Dmitry A Stashenkov
- Samara Museum for Historical and Regional Studies named after P. V. Alabin, Samara, Russia
| | - Anna F Kochkina
- Samara Museum for Historical and Regional Studies named after P. V. Alabin, Samara, Russia
| | - Cristina Tejedor-Rodríguez
- Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, University of Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | - Rafael Garrido-Pena
- Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jan Nováček
- Thuringian State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology, 99423 Weimar, Germany.,University Medical School Göttingen, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Sacha Kacki
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, PACEA UMR 5199, Pessac, France.,Department of Archaeology, Durham University, South Road, Durham. DH1 3LE. UK
| | - Sylvie Saintot
- INRAP, ARAR UMR 5138, Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Petr Velemínský
- Department of Anthropology, The National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Limburský
- Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Louise Loe
- Oxford Archaeology South, Janus House, Osney Mead, Oxford, OX2 0ES, UK
| | | | - Rachel Clarke
- Oxford Archaeology East, Bar Hill, Cambridge, CB23 8SQ, UK
| | - Alice Lyons
- Oxford Archaeology East, Bar Hill, Cambridge, CB23 8SQ, UK
| | | | - Antti Sajantila
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Forensic Medicine Unit, Finnish Institute of Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Silvia Teresita Hernandez Godoy
- Grupo de Investigación y Desarrollo, Dirección Provincial de Cultura, Matanzas, Cuba.,Universidad de Matanzas, Matanzas, Cuba
| | - Diana I Hernández-Zaragoza
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (ENAH), Mexico City, Mexico.,Immunogenetics Unit, Técnicas Genéticas Aplicadas a la Clínica (TGAC), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jessica Pearson
- Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7WZ, UK
| | - Didier Binder
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, CEPAM UMR 7264, Nice, France
| | - Philippe Lefranc
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Archimède UMR 7044, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anatoly R Kantorovich
- Department of Archaeology, Faculty of History, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir E Maslov
- Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences, , Moscow 117292, Russia
| | - Luca Lai
- Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.,Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Michaela Langová
- Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alžběta Danielisová
- Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tara Ingman
- Koç University, Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations, Istanbul 34433, Turkey
| | - Gabriel García Atiénzar
- Institute for Research in Archaeology and Historical Heritage (INAPH), University of Alicante, 03690, Alicante, Spain
| | - Maria Paz de Miguel Ibáñez
- Institute for Research in Archaeology and Historical Heritage (INAPH), University of Alicante, 03690, Alicante, Spain
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Institute for Research in Archaeology and Historical Heritage (INAPH), University of Alicante, 03690, Alicante, Spain.,Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, 03690, Alicante, Spain
| | - Alessandra Sperduti
- Bioarchaeology Service, Museum of Civilizations, Rome, Italy.,Dipartimento Asia Africa e Mediterraneo, Università di Napoli L'Orientale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Sophie Beckett
- Sedgeford Historical and Archaeological Research Project, Old Village Hall, Sedgeford, Hunstanton PE36 5LS, UK.,Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010 Australia.,Cranfield Forensic Institute, Cranfield Defence and Security, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Susannah J Salter
- Sedgeford Historical and Archaeological Research Project, Old Village Hall, Sedgeford, Hunstanton PE36 5LS, UK.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK
| | - Emma D Zilivinskaya
- Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Kristin von Heyking
- SNSB, State Collection for Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Richard L Burger
- Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Lucy C Salazar
- Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Luc Amkreutz
- National Museum of Antiquities, 2301 EC Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Eva Rosenstock
- Freie Universität Berlin, Einstein Center Chronoi, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Biaslan Ch Atabiev
- Institute for Caucasus Archaeology, 361401 Nalchik, Republic Kabardino-Balkaria, Russia
| | - Elena Batieva
- Azov History, Archaeology and Palaeontology Museum-Reserve, Azov 346780, Russia
| | | | - Bastien Llamas
- Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.,Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage (CABAH), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.,National Centre for Indigenous Genomics, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Michael Schultz
- University Medical School Göttingen, Institute of Anatomy and Embryology, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Biology, University of Hildeshein, Germany
| | - Raiko Krauß
- Institute for Prehistory, Early History and Medieval Archaeology, University of Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Michael Francken
- State Office for Cultural Heritage Baden-Württemberg, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Svetlana Shnaider
- ArchaeoZoology in Siberia and Central Asia-ZooSCAn, CNRS-IAET SB RAS International Research Laboratory, IRL 2013, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Peter de Knijff
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZC, Netherlands
| | - Eveline Altena
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333 ZC, Netherlands
| | - Katrien Van de Vijver
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium.,Center for Archaeological Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium.,Dienst Archeologie-Stad Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Lars Fehren-Schmitz
- UCSC Paleogenomics Laboratory, Department of Anthropology, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.,UCSC Genomics Institute, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Tiffiny A Tung
- Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Sandra Lösch
- Department of Physical Anthropology, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maria Dobrovolskaya
- Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences, , Moscow 117292, Russia
| | - Nikolaj Makarov
- Institute of Archaeology, Russian Academy of Sciences, , Moscow 117292, Russia
| | - Chris Read
- Applied Archaeology School of Science, Institute of Technology Sligo, Ireland
| | - Melanie Van Twest
- Sedgeford Historical and Archaeological Research Project, Old Village Hall, Sedgeford, Hunstanton PE36 5LS, UK
| | - Claudia Sagona
- School of Historical and Philosophical Studies, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Peter C Ramsl
- Institute of Prehistoric and Historical Archaeology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Murat Akar
- Department of Archaeology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Alahan-Antakya, Hatay 31060, Turkey
| | - K Aslihan Yener
- Institute for the Study of the Ancient World (ISAW), New York University, New York, NY 10028, USA
| | - Eduardo Carmona Ballestero
- Territorial Service of Culture and Tourism from Valladolid, Castilla y León Regional Government, C/ San Lorenzo, 5, 47001, Valladolid, Spain.,Department of History, Geography and Comunication, University of Burgos, Paseo de Comendadores, s/n 09001 Burgos (Burgos), Spain
| | - Francesco Cucca
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica-CNR, Monserrato, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Pilar Utrilla
- Área de Prehistoria, P3A DGA Research Group, IPH, University of Zaragoza, C/ Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Kurt Rademaker
- Department of Anthropology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | | | - Douglas Baird
- Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7WZ, UK
| | - Patrick Semal
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lourdes Márquez-Morfín
- Osteology Laboratory, Post Graduate Studies Division, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (ENAH), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mirjana Roksandic
- Department of Anthropology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Caribbean Research Institute, Univeristy of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,DFG Center for Advanced Studies "Words, Bones, Genes, Tools," University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hubert Steiner
- South Tyrol Provincial Heritage Service, South Tyrol, Italy
| | - Domingo Carlos Salazar-García
- Grupo de Investigación en Prehistoria IT-1223-19 (UPV-EHU)/IKERBASQUE-Basque Foundation for Science, Vitoria, Spain.,Departament de Prehistòria, Arqueologia i Història Antiga, Universitat de València, València, Spain.,Department of Geological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Natalia Shishlina
- Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) RAS, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.,State Historical Museum, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yilmaz Selim Erdal
- Human_G Laboratory, Department of Anthropology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | | | - Yavor Boyadzhiev
- National Archaeological Institute with Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria
| | - Kamen Boyadzhiev
- National Archaeological Institute with Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria
| | - Mario Küßner
- Thuringian State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology, 99423 Weimar, Germany
| | - Duncan Sayer
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Päivi Onkamo
- Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Robin Skeates
- Department of Archaeology, Durham University, South Road, Durham. DH1 3LE. UK
| | - Manuel Rojo-Guerra
- Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, University of Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alexandra Buzhilova
- Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Arman Z Beisenov
- Institute of archaeology named after A. Kh. Margulan, 44 Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Zainolla Samashev
- Branch of Institute of Archaeology named after A.Kh. Margulan, 24 of 511 Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.,State Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve "Berel," Katon-Karagay district, East Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan
| | - Ken Massy
- Institut für Vor- und Frühgeschichtliche Archäologie und Provinzialrömische Archäologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Marcello Mannino
- Department of Archeology and Heritage Studies, Aarhus University, 8270 Højbjerg, Denmark.,Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Vyacheslav Moiseyev
- Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera) RAS, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Oleg Balanovsky
- Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia.,Biobank of North Eurasia, Moscow, Russia.,Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Sabine Reinhold
- Eurasia Department, German Archaeological Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Svend Hansen
- Eurasia Department, German Archaeological Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Egor P Kitov
- Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of archaeology named after A. Kh. Margulan, 44 Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Miroslav Dobeš
- Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Ernée
- Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Harald Meller
- State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt and State Museum of Prehistory, D-06114 Halle, Germany
| | - Kurt W Alt
- Danube Private University, Center of Natural and Cultural Human History, A - 3500 Krems-Stein, Austria.,Integrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science, Spalenring 145, CH-4055 Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering (DBE), Universitätsspital Basel (HFZ), CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Kay Prüfer
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christina Warinner
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Stephan Schiffels
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Philipp W Stockhammer
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Institut für Vor- und Frühgeschichtliche Archäologie und Provinzialrömische Archäologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Kirsten Bos
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Cosimo Posth
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeo- and Palaeogenetics group, Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Herbig
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Haak
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Johannes Krause
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Denise Kühnert
- Transmission, Infection, Diversification and Evolution Group, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,European Virus Bioinformatics Center (EVBC), Jena, Germany
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24
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Bennett MR, Bustos D, Pigati JS, Springer KB, Urban TM, Holliday VT, Reynolds SC, Budka M, Honke JS, Hudson AM, Fenerty B, Connelly C, Martinez PJ, Santucci VL, Odess D. Evidence of humans in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum. Science 2021; 373:1528-1531. [PMID: 34554787 DOI: 10.1126/science.abg7586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Bennett
- Institute for Studies in Landscapes and Human Evolution, Bournemouth University, Poole, BH12 5BB, UK
| | - David Bustos
- National Park Service, White Sands National Park, P.O. Box 1086, Holloman AFB, NM 88330, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Pigati
- US Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Box 25046, MS 980, Denver, CO 80225, USA
| | - Kathleen B Springer
- US Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Box 25046, MS 980, Denver, CO 80225, USA
| | - Thomas M Urban
- Department of Classics and Cornell Tree Ring Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Vance T Holliday
- School of Anthropology, P.O. Box 210030, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0030, USA.,Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0030, USA
| | - Sally C Reynolds
- Institute for Studies in Landscapes and Human Evolution, Bournemouth University, Poole, BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Marcin Budka
- Institute for Studies in Landscapes and Human Evolution, Bournemouth University, Poole, BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Jeffrey S Honke
- US Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Box 25046, MS 980, Denver, CO 80225, USA
| | - Adam M Hudson
- US Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Box 25046, MS 980, Denver, CO 80225, USA
| | - Brendan Fenerty
- Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0030, USA
| | - Clare Connelly
- National Park Service, White Sands National Park, P.O. Box 1086, Holloman AFB, NM 88330, USA
| | - Patrick J Martinez
- National Park Service, White Sands National Park, P.O. Box 1086, Holloman AFB, NM 88330, USA
| | - Vincent L Santucci
- National Park Service, Geologic Resources Division, 1849 C Street NW, Washington, DC 20240, USA
| | - Daniel Odess
- National Park Service, Cultural Resources Directorate, Washington, DC 20240, USA
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25
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Agricultural intensification and climate change are rapidly decreasing insect biodiversity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2002548117. [PMID: 33431564 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2002548117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Major declines in insect biomass and diversity, reviewed here, have become obvious and well documented since the end of World War II. Here, we conclude that the spread and intensification of agriculture during the past half century is directly related to these losses. In addition, many areas, including tropical mountains, are suffering serious losses because of climate change as well. Crops currently occupy about 11% of the world's land surface, with active grazing taking place over an additional 30%. The industrialization of agriculture during the second half of the 20th century involved farming on greatly expanded scales, monoculturing, the application of increasing amounts of pesticides and fertilizers, and the elimination of interspersed hedgerows and other wildlife habitat fragments, all practices that are destructive to insect and other biodiversity in and near the fields. Some of the insects that we are destroying, including pollinators and predators of crop pests, are directly beneficial to the crops. In the tropics generally, natural vegetation is being destroyed rapidly and often replaced with export crops such as oil palm and soybeans. To mitigate the effects of the Sixth Mass Extinction event that we have caused and are experiencing now, the following will be necessary: a stable (and almost certainly lower) human population, sustainable levels of consumption, and social justice that empowers the less wealthy people and nations of the world, where the vast majority of us live, will be necessary.
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26
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Ferris KG, Chavez AS, Suzuki TA, Beckman EJ, Phifer-Rixey M, Bi K, Nachman MW. The genomics of rapid climatic adaptation and parallel evolution in North American house mice. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009495. [PMID: 33914747 PMCID: PMC8084166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parallel changes in genotype and phenotype in response to similar selection pressures in different populations provide compelling evidence of adaptation. House mice (Mus musculus domesticus) have recently colonized North America and are found in a wide range of environments. Here we measure phenotypic and genotypic differentiation among house mice from five populations sampled across 21° of latitude in western North America, and we compare our results to a parallel latitudinal cline in eastern North America. First, we show that mice are genetically differentiated between transects, indicating that they have independently colonized similar environments in eastern and western North America. Next, we find genetically-based differences in body weight and nest building behavior between mice from the ends of the western transect which mirror differences seen in the eastern transect, demonstrating parallel phenotypic change. We then conduct genome-wide scans for selection and a genome-wide association study to identify targets of selection and candidate genes for body weight. We find some genomic signatures that are unique to each transect, indicating population-specific responses to selection. However, there is significant overlap between genes under selection in eastern and western house mouse transects, providing evidence of parallel genetic evolution in response to similar selection pressures across North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen G. Ferris
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Andreas S. Chavez
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Taichi A. Suzuki
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth J. Beckman
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Megan Phifer-Rixey
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Ke Bi
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Michael W. Nachman
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
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Capodiferro MR, Aram B, Raveane A, Rambaldi Migliore N, Colombo G, Ongaro L, Rivera J, Mendizábal T, Hernández-Mora I, Tribaldos M, Perego UA, Li H, Scheib CL, Modi A, Gòmez-Carballa A, Grugni V, Lombardo G, Hellenthal G, Pascale JM, Bertolini F, Grieco GS, Cereda C, Lari M, Caramelli D, Pagani L, Metspalu M, Friedrich R, Knipper C, Olivieri A, Salas A, Cooke R, Montinaro F, Motta J, Torroni A, Martín JG, Semino O, Malhi RS, Achilli A. Archaeogenomic distinctiveness of the Isthmo-Colombian area. Cell 2021; 184:1706-1723.e24. [PMID: 33761327 PMCID: PMC8024902 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The recently enriched genomic history of Indigenous groups in the Americas is still meager concerning continental Central America. Here, we report ten pre-Hispanic (plus two early colonial) genomes and 84 genome-wide profiles from seven groups presently living in Panama. Our analyses reveal that pre-Hispanic demographic events contributed to the extensive genetic structure currently seen in the area, which is also characterized by a distinctive Isthmo-Colombian Indigenous component. This component drives these populations on a specific variability axis and derives from the local admixture of different ancestries of northern North American origin(s). Two of these ancestries were differentially associated to Pleistocene Indigenous groups that also moved into South America, leaving heterogenous genetic footprints. An additional Pleistocene ancestry was brought by a still unsampled population of the Isthmus (UPopI) that remained restricted to the Isthmian area, expanded locally during the early Holocene, and left genomic traces up to the present day.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bethany Aram
- Department of Geography, History and Philosophy, the Pablo de Olavide University of Seville, Seville 41013, Spain
| | - Alessandro Raveane
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy; Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan 20141, Italy
| | - Nicola Rambaldi Migliore
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Giulia Colombo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Linda Ongaro
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Javier Rivera
- Department of History and Social Sciences, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
| | - Tomás Mendizábal
- Patronato Panamá Viejo, Panama City 0823-05096, Panama; Coiba Scientific Station (COIBA AIP), City of Knowledge, Clayton 0843-03081, Panama
| | - Iosvany Hernández-Mora
- Department of History and Social Sciences, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
| | - Maribel Tribaldos
- Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Ugo Alessandro Perego
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Hongjie Li
- Department of Anthropology, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Christiana Lyn Scheib
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Alessandra Modi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence 50122, Italy
| | - Alberto Gòmez-Carballa
- Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses (INCIFOR), Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Galicia, Spain; GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), 15706 Galicia, Spain
| | - Viola Grugni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Gianluca Lombardo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Garrett Hellenthal
- UCL Genetics Institute (UGI), Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Juan Miguel Pascale
- Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Francesco Bertolini
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan 20141, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Cereda
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Center, National Neurological Institute C. Mondino, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Martina Lari
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence 50122, Italy
| | - David Caramelli
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence 50122, Italy
| | - Luca Pagani
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia; Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua 35121, Italy
| | - Mait Metspalu
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Ronny Friedrich
- Curt Engelhorn Center Archaeometry (CEZA), Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Corina Knipper
- Curt Engelhorn Center Archaeometry (CEZA), Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Anna Olivieri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Antonio Salas
- Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses (INCIFOR), Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Galicia, Spain; GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitarias (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), 15706 Galicia, Spain
| | - Richard Cooke
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City 0843-03092, Panama; Sistema Nacional de Investigadores, Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Ciudad del Saber, Clayton 0816-02852, Panama
| | - Francesco Montinaro
- Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia; Department of Biology-Genetics, University of Bari, Bari 70125, Italy
| | - Jorge Motta
- Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama City 0816-02593, Panama
| | - Antonio Torroni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Juan Guillermo Martín
- Department of History and Social Sciences, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia; Coiba Scientific Station (COIBA AIP), City of Knowledge, Clayton 0843-03081, Panama
| | - Ornella Semino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Ripan Singh Malhi
- Department of Anthropology, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Alessandro Achilli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani," University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy.
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Boëda E, Ramos M, Pérez A, Hatté C, Lahaye C, Pino M, Hérisson D, Clemente-Conte I, Fontugne M, Guérin G, Villagran X, Santos JC, Costa L, Germond L, Ahmed-Delacroix NE, Da Costa A, Borges C, Hoeltz S, Felice G, Gluchy M, van Havre G, Griggo C, Lucas L, de Souza I, Viana S, Strauss A, Kerner J, Guidon N. 24.0 kyr cal BP stone artefact from Vale da Pedra Furada, Piauí, Brazil: Techno-functional analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247965. [PMID: 33690652 PMCID: PMC7946292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Current archaeological paradigm proposes that the first peopling of the Americas does not exceed the Last Glacial Maximum period. In this context, the acceptance of the anthropogenic character of the earliest stone artefacts generally rests on the presence of projectile points considered no more as typocentric but as typognomonic, since it allows, by itself, to certify the human character of the other associated artefacts. In other words, without this presence, nothing is certain. Archaeological research at Piauí (Brazil) attests to a Pleistocene human presence between 41 and 14 cal kyr BP, without any record of lithic projectile points. Here, we report the discovery and interpretation of an unusual stone artefact in the Vale da Pedra Furada site, in a context dating back to 24 cal kyr BP. The knapping stigmata and macroscopic use-wear traces reveal a conception centred on the configuration of double bevels and the production in the same specimen of at least two successive artefacts with probably different functions. This piece unambiguously presents an anthropic character and reveals a technical novelty during the Pleistocene occupation of South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Boëda
- ArScAn-Équipe AnTET, UMR 7041, CNRS, Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Nanterre, France
- Department of Anthropology, UFR SSA, Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Nanterre, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Marcos Ramos
- PPGArq-Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Pérez
- ArScAn-Équipe AnTET, UMR 7041, CNRS, Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Nanterre, France
- Institut français d’études andines (IFEA), Lima, Peru
| | - Christine Hatté
- LSCE/LAMPEA, UMR 8212, CNRS, CEA UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Christelle Lahaye
- IRAMAT-CRP2A, UMR 5060, CNRS, Bordeaux Montaigne University, Pessac, France
| | - Mario Pino
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra and TAQUACH, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - David Hérisson
- ArScAn-Équipe AnTET, UMR 7041, CNRS, Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Nanterre, France
| | | | - Michel Fontugne
- LSCE/LAMPEA, UMR 8212, CNRS, CEA UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Guillaume Guérin
- IRAMAT-CRP2A, UMR 5060, CNRS, Bordeaux Montaigne University, Pessac, France
| | - Ximena Villagran
- MAE–Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janaina C. Santos
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Lucas Costa
- Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, Brazil
| | - Lucie Germond
- ArScAn-Équipe AnTET, UMR 7041, CNRS, Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Nanterre, France
| | | | - Amelie Da Costa
- ArScAn-Équipe AnTET, UMR 7041, CNRS, Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Nanterre, France
| | - Carolina Borges
- Instituto do Patrimonio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN), Piauí, Brazil
| | | | - Gisele Felice
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
- Fundação Museu do Homem Americano (FUMDHAM), São Raimundo Nonato, Piauí, Brazil
| | - María Gluchy
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Christophe Griggo
- EDYTEM UMR 5204 CNRS, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - Livia Lucas
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Sibeli Viana
- Pontificia Universidade Católica de Goiás (PUC-GO), Instituto Goiano de Pré-História e Antropologia (IGPA), Goiânia, Brazil
| | - André Strauss
- MAE–Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jennifer Kerner
- Department of Anthropology, UFR SSA, Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Nanterre, France
| | - Niède Guidon
- Fundação Museu do Homem Americano (FUMDHAM), São Raimundo Nonato, Piauí, Brazil
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29
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Lindo J, DeGiorgio M. Understanding the Adaptive Evolutionary Histories of South American Ancient and Present-Day Populations via Genomics. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:360. [PMID: 33801556 PMCID: PMC8001801 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The South American continent is remarkably diverse in its ecological zones, spanning the Amazon rainforest, the high-altitude Andes, and Tierra del Fuego. Yet the original human populations of the continent successfully inhabited all these zones, well before the buffering effects of modern technology. Therefore, it is likely that the various cultures were successful, in part, due to positive natural selection that allowed them to successfully establish populations for thousands of years. Detecting positive selection in these populations is still in its infancy, as the ongoing effects of European contact have decimated many of these populations and introduced gene flow from outside of the continent. In this review, we explore hypotheses of possible human biological adaptation, methods to identify positive selection, the utilization of ancient DNA, and the integration of modern genomes through the identification of genomic tracts that reflect the ancestry of the first populations of the Americas.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Lindo
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael DeGiorgio
- Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
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30
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da Silva Coelho FA, Gill S, Tomlin CM, Heaton TH, Lindqvist C. An early dog from southeast Alaska supports a coastal route for the first dog migration into the Americas. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20203103. [PMID: 33622130 PMCID: PMC7934960 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.3103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The oldest confirmed remains of domestic dogs in North America are from mid-continent archaeological sites dated approximately 9900 calibrated years before present (cal BP). Although this date suggests that dogs may not have arrived alongside the first Native Americans, the timing and routes for the entrance of New World dogs remain uncertain. Here, we present a complete mitochondrial genome of a dog from southeast Alaska, dated to 10 150 ± 260 cal BP. We compared this high-coverage genome with data from modern dog breeds, historical Arctic dogs and American precontact dogs (PCDs) from before European arrival. Our analyses demonstrate that the ancient dog belongs to the PCD lineage, which diverged from Siberian dogs around 16 700 years ago. This timing roughly coincides with the minimum suggested date for the opening of the North Pacific coastal (NPC) route along the Cordilleran Ice Sheet and genetic evidence for the initial peopling of the Americas. This ancient southeast Alaskan dog occupies an early branching position within the PCD clade, indicating it represents a close relative of the earliest PCDs that were brought alongside people migrating from eastern Beringia southward along the NPC to the rest of the Americas. The stable isotope δ13C value of this early dog indicates a marine diet, different from the younger mid-continent PCDs' terrestrial diet. Although PCDs were largely replaced by modern European dog breeds, our results indicate that their population decline started approximately 2000 years BP, coinciding with the expansion of Inuit peoples, who are associated with traditional sled-dog culture. Our findings suggest that dogs formed part of the initial human habitation of the New World, and provide insights into their replacement by both Arctic and European lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie Gill
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Crystal M Tomlin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Timothy H Heaton
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Charlotte Lindqvist
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
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31
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Abstract
The Neolithic Revolution narrative associates early-mid Holocene domestications with the development of agriculture that fueled the rise of late Holocene civilizations. This narrative continues to be influential, even though it has been deconstructed by archaeologists and geneticists in its homeland. To further disentangle domestication from reliance on food production systems, such as agriculture, we revisit definitions of domestication and food production systems, review the late Pleistocene–early Holocene archaeobotanical record, and quantify the use, management and domestication of Neotropical plants to provide insights about the past. Neotropical plant domestication relies on common human behaviors (selection, accumulation and caring) within agroecological systems that focus on individual plants, rather than populations—as is typical of agriculture. The early archaeobotanical record includes numerous perennial and annual species, many of which later became domesticated. Some of this evidence identifies dispersal with probable cultivation, suggesting incipient domestication by 10,000 years ago. Since the Pleistocene, more than 6500, 1206 and 6261 native plant species have been used in Mesoamerica, the Central Andes and lowland South America, respectively. At least 1555, 428 and 742 are managed outside and inside food production systems, and at least 1148, 428 and 600 are cultivated, respectively, suggesting at least incipient domestication. Full native domesticates are more numerous in Mesoamerica (251) than the Andes (124) and the lowlands (45). This synthesis reveals that domestication is more common in the Neotropics than previously recognized and started much earlier than reliance on food production systems. Hundreds of ethnic groups had, and some still have, alternative strategies that do involve domestication, although they do not rely principally on food production systems, such as agriculture.
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Abstract
Acoustic response from lithics knapped by humans has been demonstrated to facilitate effective detection of submerged Stone Age sites exposed on the seafloor or embedded within its sediments. This phenomenon has recently enabled the non-invasive detection of several hitherto unknown submerged Stone Age sites, as well as the registration of acoustic responses from already known localities. Investigation of the acoustic-response characteristics of knapped lithics, which appear not to be replicated in naturally cracked lithic pieces (geofacts), is presently on-going through laboratory experiments and finite element (FE) modelling of high-resolution 3D-scanned pieces. Experimental work is also being undertaken, employing chirp sub-bottom systems (reflection seismic) on known sites in marine areas and inland water bodies. Fieldwork has already yielded positive results in this initial stage of development of an optimised Human-Altered Lithic Detection (HALD) method for mapping submerged Stone Age sites. This paper reviews the maritime archaeological perspectives of this promising approach, which potentially facilitates new and improved practice, summarizes existing data, and reports on the present state of development. Its focus is not reflection seismics as such, but a useful resonance phenomenon induced by the use of high-resolution reflection seismic systems.
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Fuentes S, Gibbs AJ, Adams IP, Wilson C, Botermans M, Fox A, Kreuze J, Boonham N, Kehoe MA, Jones RAC. Potato Virus A Isolates from Three Continents: Their Biological Properties, Phylogenetics, and Prehistory. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:217-226. [PMID: 33174824 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-20-0354-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Forty-seven potato virus A (PVA) isolates from Europe, Australia, and South America's Andean region were subjected to high-throughput sequencing, and 46 complete genomes from Europe (n = 9), Australia (n = 2), and the Andes (n = 35) obtained. These and 17 other genomes gave alignments of 63 open reading frames 9,180 nucleotides long; 9 were recombinants. The nonrecombinants formed three tightly clustered, almost equidistant phylogroups; A comprised 14 Peruvian potato isolates; W comprised 37 from potato in Peru, Argentina, and elsewhere in the world; and T contained three from tamarillo in New Zealand. When five isolates were inoculated to a potato cultivar differential, three strain groups (= pathotypes) unrelated to phylogenetic groupings were recognized. No temporal signal was detected among the dated nonrecombinant sequences, but PVA and potato virus Y (PVY) are from related lineages and ecologically similar; therefore, "relative dating" was obtained using a single maximum-likelihood phylogeny of PVA and PVY sequences and PVY's well-supported 157 CE "time to most common recent ancestor". The PVA datings obtained were supported by several independent historical coincidences. The PVA and PVY populations apparently arose in the Andes approximately 18 centuries ago, and were taken to Europe during the Columbian Exchange, radiating there after the mid-19th century potato late blight pandemic. PVA's phylogroup A population diverged more recently in the Andean region, probably after new cultivars were bred locally using newly introduced Solanum tuberosum subsp. tuberosum as a parent. Such cultivars became widely grown, and apparently generated the A × W phylogroup recombinants. Phylogroup A, and its interphylogroup recombinants, might pose a biosecurity risk.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Segundo Fuentes
- Crop and System Sciences Division, International Potato Center (CIP), La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | - Adrian J Gibbs
- Emeritus Faculty, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - Calum Wilson
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, New Town Research Laboratories, University of Tasmania, New Town, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Marleen Botermans
- National Reference Centre of Plant Health, Dutch National Plant Protection Organization Service, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adrian Fox
- Fera Science Ltd., Sand Hutton, York, U.K
| | - Jan Kreuze
- Crop and System Sciences Division, International Potato Center (CIP), La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | - Neil Boonham
- Institute for Agrifood Research Innovations, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K
| | - Monica A Kehoe
- Diagnostic Laboratory Services, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, South Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Roger A C Jones
- Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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34
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Gutiérrez-Escobar AJ, Velapatiño B, Borda V, Rabkin CS, Tarazona-Santos E, Cabrera L, Cok J, Hooper CC, Jahuira-Arias H, Herrera P, Noureen M, Wang D, Romero-Gallo J, Tran B, Peek RM, Berg DE, Gilman RH, Camargo MC. Identification of New Helicobacter pylori Subpopulations in Native Americans and Mestizos From Peru. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:601839. [PMID: 33381095 PMCID: PMC7767971 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.601839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Region-specific Helicobacter pylori subpopulations have been identified. It is proposed that the hspAmerind subpopulation is being displaced from the Americans by an hpEurope population following the conquest. Our study aimed to describe the genomes and methylomes of H. pylori isolates from distinct Peruvian communities: 23 strains collected from three groups of Native Americans (Asháninkas [ASHA, n = 9], Shimaas [SHIM, n = 5] from Amazonas, and Punos from the Andean highlands [PUNO, n = 9]) and 9 modern mestizos from Lima (LIM). Closed genomes and DNA modification calls were obtained using SMRT/PacBio sequencing. We performed evolutionary analyses and evaluated genomic/epigenomic differences among strain groups. We also evaluated human genome-wide data from 74 individuals from the selected Native communities (including the 23 H. pylori strains donors) to compare host and bacterial backgrounds. There were varying degrees of hspAmerind ancestry in all strains, ranging from 7% in LIM to 99% in SHIM. We identified three H. pylori subpopulations corresponding to each of the Native groups and a novel hspEuropePeru which evolved in the modern mestizos. The divergence of the indigenous H. pylori strains recapitulated the genetic structure of Native Americans. Phylogenetic profiling showed that Orthogroups in the indigenous strains seem to have evolved differentially toward epigenomic regulation and chromosome maintenance, whereas OGs in the modern mestizo (LIM) seem to have evolved toward virulence and adherence. The prevalence of cagA+/vacA s1i1m1 genotype was similar across populations (p = 0.32): 89% in ASHA, 67% in PUNO, 56% in LIM and 40% in SHIM. Both cagA and vacA sequences showed that LIM strains were genetically differentiated (p < 0.001) as compared to indigenous strains. We identified 642 R-M systems with 39% of the associated genes located in the core genome. We found 692 methylation motifs, including 254 population-specific sequences not previously described. In Peru, hspAmerind is not extinct, with traces found even in a heavily admixed mestizo population. Notably, our study identified three new hspAmerind subpopulations, one per Native group; and a new subpopulation among mestizos that we named hspEuropePeru. This subpopulation seems to have more virulence-related elements than hspAmerind. Purifying selection driven by variable host immune response may have shaped the evolution of Peruvian subpopulations, potentially impacting disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Billie Velapatiño
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Victor Borda
- Laboratório de Bioinformática, Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica (LNCC/MCTIC), Petrópolis, Brazil
| | - Charles S Rabkin
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Eduardo Tarazona-Santos
- Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.,Department of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Jaime Cok
- Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | | | - Mehwish Noureen
- National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.,Department of Genetics, Graduate School of Life Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Mishima, Japan
| | - Difei Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Judith Romero-Gallo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Bao Tran
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Richard M Peek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Douglas E Berg
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Robert H Gilman
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - M Constanza Camargo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
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35
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Waters MR, Stafford TW, Carlson DL. The age of Clovis-13,050 to 12,750 cal yr B.P. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/43/eaaz0455. [PMID: 33087355 PMCID: PMC7577710 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-two radiocarbon ages on bone, charcoal, and carbonized plant remains from 10 Clovis sites range from 11,110 ± 40 to 10,820 ± 10 14C years before the present (yr B.P.). These radiocarbon ages provide a maximum calibrated (cal) age range for Clovis of ~13,050 to ~12,750 cal yr B.P. This radiocarbon record suggests that Clovis first appeared at the end of the Allerød and is one of at least three contemporary archaeological complexes in the Western Hemisphere during the terminal Pleistocene. Stemmed projectile points in western North America are coeval and even older than Clovis, and the Fishtail point complex is well established in the southern cone of South America by ~12,900 cal yr B.P. Clovis disappeared ~12,750 cal yr B.P. at the beginning of the Younger Dryas, coincident with the extinction of the remaining North American megafauna (Proboscideans) and the appearance of multiple North American regional archaeological complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Waters
- Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4352, USA.
- Center for the Study of the First Americans, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4352, USA
| | - Thomas W Stafford
- Stafford Research Laboratories, 200 Acadia Avenue, Lafayette, CO 80026-1845, USA.
| | - David L Carlson
- Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4352, USA
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36
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Tsosie KS, Begay RL, Fox K, Garrison NA. Generations of genomes: advances in paleogenomics technology and engagement for Indigenous people of the Americas. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2020; 62:91-96. [PMID: 32721847 PMCID: PMC7484015 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
For decades, scientists have collected genomic information from Indigenous peoples and their ancestors with the goal of elucidating human migration events, understanding ancestral origins, and identifying ancestral variants contributing to disease. However, such studies may not have offered much benefit to the Indigenous groups who contributed DNA, and many have instead perpetuated stereotypes and other harms. With recent advances in genomic technology facilitating the study of both ancient and present-day DNA, researchers and Indigenous communities have new opportunities to begin collaboratively addressing important questions about human health and history. Yet, while there are increased efforts to ethically engage Indigenous communities, more work is still needed as the discipline struggles to absolve itself of the racialized science and extractive biocolonialism that defined its past.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystal S Tsosie
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37325, USA; Native BioData Consortium, Eagle Butte, SD 57625, USA
| | - Rene L Begay
- Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Keolu Fox
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Global Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Indigenous Futures Lab, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Native BioData Consortium, Eagle Butte, SD 57625, USA
| | - Nanibaa' A Garrison
- Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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