1
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Influence of cell-penetrating peptides on the activity and stability of virus-based nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2020; 576:119008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.119008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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2
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Voráčková I, Ulbrich P, Diehl WE, Ruml T. Engineered retroviral virus-like particles for receptor targeting. Arch Virol 2013; 159:677-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1873-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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3
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Teunissen EA, de Raad M, Mastrobattista E. Production and biomedical applications of virus-like particles derived from polyomaviruses. J Control Release 2013; 172:305-321. [PMID: 23999392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs), aggregates of capsid proteins devoid of viral genetic material, show great promise in the fields of vaccine development and gene therapy. These particles spontaneously self-assemble after heterologous expression of viral structural proteins. This review will focus on the use of virus-like particles derived from polyomavirus capsid proteins. Since their first recombinant production 27 years ago these particles have been investigated for a myriad of biomedical applications. These virus-like particles are safe, easy to produce, can be loaded with a broad range of diverse cargoes and can be tailored for specific delivery or epitope presentation. We will highlight the structural characteristics of polyomavirus-derived VLPs and give an overview of their applications in diagnostics, vaccine development and gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik A Teunissen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Markus de Raad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Enrico Mastrobattista
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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4
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Dalianis T. Immunotherapy for polyomaviruses: opportunities and challenges. Immunotherapy 2012; 4:617-28. [DOI: 10.2217/imt.12.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyomaviruses are small DNA viruses present in mammals and birds, and in 1953 the first one to be described was murine polyomavirus. It was not until 1971 that the first two human polyomaviruses (HPyVs), BK virus and JC virus, were discovered and found to be common in humans, but only associated with disease in severely immunosuppressed patients. Since 2007, seven new HPyVs have been identified: KI polyomavirus, WU polyomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, HPyV6, HPyV7, trichodyplasia spinulosa polyomavirus and HPyV9. Notably, Merkel cell polyomavirus was detected in Merkel cell cancer, a tumor mainly found in elderly and immunocompromised individuals, while trichodyplasia spinulosa polyomavirus was found in trichodyplasia spinulosa, a skin disorder observed only in immunosuppressed individuals. Consequently, many polyomaviruses cause problems in immunosuppressed individuals. This review deals with these issues, and the potential of the capsid protein VP1 to form virus-like particles for use as vaccines against polyomavirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Dalianis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Chang CF, Wang M, Ou WC, Chen PL, Shen CH, Lin PY, Fang CY, Chang D. Human JC virus-like particles as a gene delivery vector. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2011; 11:1169-75. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2011.583914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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6
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Ramqvist T, Dalianis T. Murine polyomavirus tumour specific transplantation antigens and viral persistence in relation to the immune response, and tumour development. Semin Cancer Biol 2009; 19:236-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2009.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Revised: 02/05/2009] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Ramqvist T, Dalianis T. Immunotherapeutic polyoma and human papilloma virus-like particles. Immunotherapy 2009; 1:303-12. [DOI: 10.2217/1750743x.1.2.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyomavirus and human papillomavirus (HPV) virus-like particles (VLPs) can be obtained by producing their major capsid protein VP1 (for polyomavirus) or L1 (for HPV) free from other viral genes in, for example, a baculovirus insect system, yeast, Escherichia coli or similar systems. Polyomavirus and HPV VLPs can immunize healthy individuals, and in some cases T-cell-deficient hosts, against primary infection with the corresponding virus. Chimeric VLPs from polyomaviruses or HPVs containing fusion proteins between the VP1/L1 or VP2/VP3/L2 minor capsid proteins and selected antigens can also be produced. These VLPs can then induce B- or T-cell immune responses and be used as preventive or therapeutic vaccines against cancers induced by the corresponding virus, or a cancer bearing the selected tumor antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjörn Ramqvist
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, CCK R8:01, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tina Dalianis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, CCK R8:01, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Ramqvist T, Andreasson K, Dalianis T. Vaccination, immune and gene therapy based on virus-like particles against viral infections and cancer. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2007; 7:997-1007. [PMID: 17665989 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.7.7.997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are self-assembling, non-replicating particles lacking the viral genome that are formed by one or several viral structural proteins. VLPs can be purified after expression in yeast cells, insect cells using baculoviruses, Escherichia coli or mammalian cells. Recently, vaccines based on VLPs have come into focus with the FDA approval of a VLP-based vaccine against human papilloma viruses. However, this application of VLPs is just one of many developments within the VLP field. Other potential applications under development besides vaccines against viruses or cancers also include gene delivery and treatment of different disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjörn Ramqvist
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Stockholm, Sweden.
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9
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Ramqvist T, Andreasson K, Dalianis T. Murine polyomavirus virus-like particles as vectors for gene and immune therapy and as vaccines. Future Virol 2007. [DOI: 10.2217/17460794.2.3.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyomavirus virus-like particles (VLPs) can be produced free from viral genes and used as vectors for gene and immune therapy and as vaccines. For large-scale VLP manufacture, the major viral capsid protein (VP)1, is produced in a baculovirus insect cell system, Escherichia coli or yeast, and will self-assemble into VLPs under appropriate conditions. Murine polyomavirus (MPyV) VLP vaccination prevents primary MPyV infection and outgrowth of some MPyV-tumors in mice. Furthermore, MPyV-VLPs bind and introduce eukaryotic DNA into various cells in vitro and in vivo, while MPyV-VLPs containing fusion proteins between capsid proteins VP1, -2 or -3 and selected antigens can be used as vaccines. Similar findings apply to other polyomavirus VLPs. In summary, polyomavirus VLPs are useful vectors for immune and gene therapy and as vaccines, and different polyomavirus VLPs can be used for prime-boost therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjörn Ramqvist
- Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, CCK R8:01 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kalle Andreasson
- Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, CCK R8:01 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tina Dalianis
- Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, CCK R8:01 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Zhang S, McNees AL, Butel JS. Quantification of vertical transmission of Murine polyoma virus by real-time quantitative PCR. J Gen Virol 2005; 86:2721-2729. [PMID: 16186225 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.81168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenesis studies of viral infectionsin vivorequire sensitive assay methods. A sensitive and specific real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) assay was developed to detectMurine polyoma virus(MuPyV) DNA sequences. A quantitative assay to measure the single-copy murine wild-type p53 gene was developed to normalize viral gene copies to cell numbers. Both assays were sensitive over a seven-log dynamic range, with a reproducible detection limit of 10 copies per reaction. To determine viral loads and tissue distribution following vertical transmission of MuPyV, pregnant BALB/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with virus in late pregnancy. Progeny animals born to infected mothers were followed for 21 days. Viral loads in four tissues (salivary gland, kidney, liver and spleen) were highest at 7 days after birth and dropped to low levels by 14 and 21 days of age, with loads ranging from 5 to 2 million MuPyV copies per 103cells. Significant animal-to-animal variation occurred. Fourteen of 21 (67 %) progeny were virus-positive in one or more tissue samples. Transplacental transmission was observed in 6/7 (86 %) litters. Infected fetuses per positive litter ranged from 1/7 (14 %) to 5/6 (83 %) with viral loads ranging from 5 to 25 417 MuPyV copies per 1000 fetal cells. Maternal tissues and blood were frequently highly positive 2 days after inoculation, but viral loads were low by day 14. This study demonstrated the vertical transmission, including transplacental transmission, of MuPyV following acute infection of pregnant mice. It should be considered that there is a possibility that other polyomaviruses, including those in humans, may be vertically transmitted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Zhang
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM385, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Adrienne L McNees
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM385, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Janet S Butel
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM385, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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11
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Wang M, Tsou TH, Chen LS, Ou WC, Chen PL, Chang CF, Fung CY, Chang D. Inhibition of simian virus 40 large tumor antigen expression in human fetal glial cells by an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide delivered by the JC virus-like particle. Hum Gene Ther 2005; 15:1077-90. [PMID: 15610608 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2004.15.1077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human JC virus (JCV) is a neurotropic virus, and the etiological agent of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a fatal neurological disease. Because of its natural infection tropism, it is possible to use the JCV capsid as a gene-transducing vector for therapeutic purposes in neurological disorders. In the current study, a recombinant JCV virus-like particle (VLP) was generated and purified from yeast. VLP was able to accommodate and protect DNA molecules of up to approximately 2000 bp in length. VLP was able to package and deliver an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS-ODN) against simian virus 40 (SV40) large tumor antigen (LT) into SV40-transformed human fetal glial (SVG) cells in order to inhibit expression of the oncoprotein. Subsequently, apoptosis of VLP-AS-ODN-treated cells was demonstrated after the blocking of LT expression. In addition, JCV VLP was able to deliver ODN into human astrocytoma, neuroblastoma, and glioblastoma cells with high efficiency. In vivo delivery of ODN into a human neuroblastoma tumor nodule by VLP was also demonstrated. These findings suggest that JCV VLP is a gene delivery vector with potential therapeutic use for human neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Wang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 621, Taiwan
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12
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Tegerstedt K, Andreasson K, Vlastos A, Hedlund KO, Dalianis T, Ramqvist T. Murine pneumotropic virus VP1 virus-like particles (VLPs) bind to several cell types independent of sialic acid residues and do not serologically cross react with murine polyomavirus VP1 VLPs. J Gen Virol 2004; 84:3443-3452. [PMID: 14645925 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.19443-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of murine pneumotropic virus (MPtV) major capsid protein VP1 to form virus-like particles (VLPs) was examined. MPtV-VLPs obtained were used to estimate the potential of MPtV to attach to different cells and to assess some characteristics of the MPtV cell receptor. Furthermore, to evaluate if MPtV-VLPs could potentially complement murine polyomavirus (MPyV) VP1 VLPs (MPyV-VLPs) as vectors for prime-boost gene therapy, the capability of MPtV-VLPs to serologically cross react with MPyV-VLPs and to transduce DNA into cells was examined. MPtV VP1 obtained in a recombinant baculovirus system formed MPtV-VLPs readily. MPtV-VLPs were shown by FACS analysis to bind to different cells, independent of MHC class I antigen expression. In addition, MPtV-VLPs did not cause haemagglutination of red blood cells and MPtV-VLP binding to cells was neuraminidase resistant but mostly trypsin and papain sensitive, indicating that the MPtV receptor lacks sialic acid components. When tested by ELISA and in vivo neutralization assays, MPtV-VLPs did not serologically cross react with MPyV-VLPs, suggesting that MPtV-VLPs and MPyV-VLPs could potentially be interchanged as carriers of DNA in repeated gene therapy. Finally, MPtV-VLPs were shown to transduce foreign DNA in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, the data suggest that MPtV-VLPs, and possibly also MPtV, bind to several different cell types, that binding is neuraminidase resistant and that MPtV-VLPs should potentially be able to complement MPyV-VLPs for prime-boost gene transfer in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tegerstedt
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Cancer Center Karolinska R8 : 01, Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Andreasson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Cancer Center Karolinska R8 : 01, Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Vlastos
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Cancer Center Karolinska R8 : 01, Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K O Hedlund
- Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden
| | - T Dalianis
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Cancer Center Karolinska R8 : 01, Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Ramqvist
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Cancer Center Karolinska R8 : 01, Karolinska Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Rollman E, Ramqvist T, Zuber B, Tegerstedt K, Kjerrström Zuber A, Klingström J, Eriksson L, Ljungberg K, Hinkula J, Wahren B, Dalianis T. Genetic immunization is augmented by murine polyomavirus VP1 pseudocapsids. Vaccine 2003; 21:2263-7. [PMID: 12744856 DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(03)00049-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To improve immune responses induced by DNA immunization, murine polyomavirus major capsid protein (VP1) pseudocapsids were complexed with a DNA plasmid encoding the p37 (p24 and p17) nucleocapsid proteins of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). A 10-fold increase in antibody titer was noted in mice given DNA plasmid together with VP1 pseudocapsids in comparison to animals that received DNA plasmid alone. Cell mediated responses to HIV-1 p24 occurred, but were not significantly augmented by delivering the DNA as a VP1 complex. We have consequently for the first time shown a carrier/adjuvant effect of polyomavirus pseudocapsids that strongly increased the humoral immune response in DNA immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rollman
- Department of Virology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control and the Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 82, Solna, Sweden.
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14
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Caruso M, Belloni L, Sthandier O, Amati P, Garcia MI. Alpha4beta1 integrin acts as a cell receptor for murine polyomavirus at the postattachment level. J Virol 2003; 77:3913-21. [PMID: 12634351 PMCID: PMC150644 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.77.7.3913-3921.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2002] [Accepted: 12/18/2002] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial interaction of murine polyomavirus (Py) with host cells occurs through direct binding of the major capsid protein VP1 with cell membrane molecules containing terminal sialic acids; however, these Py receptor molecules have not yet been identified. Analysis of the capsid protein primary sequences of all murine strains revealed the presence of integrin ligand motifs in the DE and EF loops of VP1 (LDV and DLXXL, respectively) and at the N terminus of VP2 (DGE). We show that infectivity of the Py A2 strain in mouse Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts is significantly reduced only in the presence of natural integrin ligands carrying an LDV motif or antibodies directed against the alpha4 and beta1 integrin subunits. Furthermore, we demonstrate that expression of the alpha4 subunit in the alpha4-deficient BALB/c 3T3 cells increases viral infectivity. Addition of alpha4 function-blocking antibodies, prior to or after virus adsorption, blocks this increased infectivity without affecting virus binding to cells. Taken together, these data indicate that expression of alpha4 integrin enhances permissivity to Py, probably by acting as one of the postattachment receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Caruso
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, Sezione di Genetica Molecolare, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Because oncogenic DNA viruses establish persistent infections in humans, continuous immunosurveillance for neoplastic cells is required to prevent virus-induced tumors. Antigen-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes are critical in vivo effectors for eliminating virus-infected and virus-transformed cells. Investigation into the induction, regulation, and maintenance of CD8+ T cells specific for these viruses is hindered by the lack of tractable animal models that mimic natural infection. Resistance to tumors induced by polyoma virus, a persistent natural mouse DNA virus, is mediated by polyoma-specific CD8+ T cells. Mice susceptible to polyoma virus tumorigenesis mount a smaller, albeit still considerable, expansion of anti-polyoma CD8+ T cells; importantly, these antiviral CD8+ T cells lack cytotoxic activity while retaining the phenotype of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) effectors. In this review, we will discuss potential in vivo mechanisms that regulate the functional competence of anti-polyoma CD8+ T cells, particularly in the context of chronic antigenic stimulation provided by persistent viral infections and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Moser
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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Heidari S, Vlastos A, Ramqvist T, Clark B, Griffin BE, Garcia MI, Perez M, Amati P, Dalianis T. Immunization of T-cell deficient mice against polyomavirus infection using viral pseudocapsids or temperature sensitive mutants. Vaccine 2002; 20:1571-8. [PMID: 11858864 DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(01)00506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A murine experimental model system aimed at developing potential vaccines to papovavirus infection in immunosuppressed individuals was explored. A VP1-pseudocapsid based on the major capsid protein of the murine polyomavirus A2 strain and a mutant, M17-pseudocapsid as well as four temperature sensitive (ts)-mutants were used as immunogens. T-cells deficient CD4-/-8-/- mice were immunized four times with each immunogen and then together with non-immunized control mice challenged with polyomavirus. In contrast to all control mice, only half of the immunized mice exhibited presence of polyoma DNA when assayed by PCR. The results indicate that pseudocapsids and ts-mutant immunization may potentially protect mice with an impaired T-cell function from polyomavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Heidari
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Cancer Centre Karolinska, Karolinska Hospital, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
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