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Nguyen QC, Nguyen HA, Pham TA, Tran VTH, Nguyen TD, Pham DV. Mimosa pudica L. extract ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis via modulation of MAPK signaling pathways and FOXO3 stabilization. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118226. [PMID: 38670401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrosing pulmonary disorder that has a poor prognosis and high mortality. Although there has been extensive effort to introduce several new anti-fibrotic agents in the past decade, IPF remains an incurable disease. Mimosa pudica L., an indigenous Vietnamese plant, has been empirically used to treat respiratory disorders. Nevertheless, the therapeutic effects of M. pudica (MP) on lung fibrosis and the mechanisms underlying those effects remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the protective effect of a crude ethanol extract of the above-ground parts of MP against pulmonary fibrogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Inflammatory responses triggered by TNFα in structural lung cells were examined in normal human lung fibroblasts and A549 alveolar epithelial cells using Western blot analysis, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays, and immunocytochemistry. The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was examined via cell morphology observations, F-actin fluorescent staining, gene and protein expression measurements, and a wound-healing assay. Anti-fibrotic assays including collagen release, differentiation, and measurements of fibrosis-related gene and protein expression levels were performed on TGFβ-stimulated human lung fibroblasts and lung fibroblasts derived from mice with fibrotic lungs. Finally, in vitro anti-fibrotic activities were validated using a mouse model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. RESULTS MP alleviated the inflammatory responses of A549 alveolar epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts, as revealed by inhibition of TNFα-induced chemotactic cytokine and chemokine expression, along with inactivation of the MAPK and NFκB signalling pathways. MP also partially reversed the TGFβ-promoted EMT via downregulation of mesenchymal markers in A549 cells. Importantly, MP decreased the expression levels of fibrosis-related genes/proteins including collagen I, fibronectin, and αSMA; moreover, it suppressed collagen secretion and prevented myofibroblast differentiation in lung fibroblasts. These effects were mediated by FOXO3 stabilization through suppression of TGFβ-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. MP consistently protected mice from the onset and progression of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. CONCLUSION This study explored the multifaceted roles of MP in counteracting the pathobiological processes of lung fibrosis. The results suggest that further evaluation of MP could yield candidate therapies for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh-Chi Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Hoang-Anh Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Tuan-Anh Pham
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Van Thi-Hong Tran
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Vietnam National Institute of Medicinal Materials, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thuy-Duong Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Duc-Vinh Pham
- Department of Pharmacology, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
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Mauro MS, Martin SL, Dumont J, Shirasu-Hiza M, Canman JC. Patterning, regulation, and role of FoxO/DAF-16 in the early embryo. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.13.594029. [PMID: 38798632 PMCID: PMC11118310 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.13.594029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Insulin resistance and diabetes are associated with many health issues including higher rates of birth defects and miscarriage during pregnancy. Because insulin resistance and diabetes are both associated with obesity, which also affects fertility, the role of insulin signaling itself in embryo development is not well understood. A key downstream target of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway is the forkhead family transcription factor FoxO (DAF-16 in C. elegans ). Here, we used quantitative live imaging to measure the patterning of endogenously tagged FoxO/DAF-16 in the early worm embryo. In 2-4-cell stage embryos, FoxO/DAF-16 initially localized uniformly to all cell nuclei, then became dramatically enriched in germ precursor cell nuclei beginning at the 8-cell stage. This nuclear enrichment in early germ precursor cells required germ fate specification, PI3K (AGE-1)- and PTEN (DAF-18)-mediated phospholipid regulation, and the deubiquitylase USP7 (MATH-33), yet was unexpectedly insulin receptor (DAF-2)- and AKT-independent. Functional analysis revealed that FoxO/DAF-16 acts as a cell cycle pacer for early cleavage divisions-without FoxO/DAF-16 cell cycles were shorter than in controls, especially in germ lineage cells. These results reveal the germ lineage specific patterning, upstream regulation, and cell cycle role for FoxO/DAF-16 during early C. elegans embryogenesis.
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Ma Y, Li S, Ye S, Luo S, Wei L, Su Y, Zeng Y, Shi Y, Bian H, Xiao F. The role of miR-222-2p in exosomes secreted by hexavalent chromium-induced premature senescent hepatocytes as a SASP component. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123535. [PMID: 38365080 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
With the development of world industrialization, the environmental pollution of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is becoming an increasingly serious problem. In particular, the mechanisms by which long-term and low-dose exposure to Cr(VI) leading the development of related cancers are not well understood. As senescent cells gradually lose their ability to proliferate and divide, they will not be malignantly transformed. However, Senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) released by senescent cells into the cellular microenvironment can act on neighboring cells. Since SASP has a bidirectional regulatory role in the malignant transformation of cells. Hence, It is very necessary to identified the composition and function of SASP which secreted by Cr(VI) induced senescent L02 hepatocytes (S-L02). Exosomes, a vesicle-like substances released extracellularly after the fusion of intracellular multivesicular bodies with cell membrane, are important components of SASP and contain a large number of microRNAs (miRNAs). By establishing Cr(VI)-induced S-L02 model, we collected the exosomes from the supernatants of S-L02 and L02 culture medium respectively, and screened out the highly expressed miRNAs in the exosomes of S-L02, namely the new SASP components. Among them, the increase of miR-222-5p was the most significant. It was validated that as SASP, miR-222-5p can inhibit the proliferation of L02 and S-L02 hepatocytes and at the same time accelerate the proliferation and migration ability of HCC cells. Further mechanistic studies revealed that miR-222-5p attenuated the regulatory effect of protein phosphatase 2A subunit B isoform R2-α (PPP2R2A) on Akt via repressing its target gene PPP2R2A, causing reduced expressions of forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a), p27 and p21, and finally increasing the proliferation of HCC cells after diminishing the negative regulation of on cell cycle. This study certainly provides valuable laboratory evidence as well as potential therapeutic targets for the prevention and further personalized treatment of Cr(VI)-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Siwen Li
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Shuzi Ye
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Sijia Luo
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Ying Su
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China; National Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metals Pollution Control and Treatment, 410083, Changsha, China
| | - Huanfeng Bian
- Shajing Sub-Center of Public Health Service, Bao'an District, 518125, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Xiao
- Department of Health Toxicology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
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Maharati A, Moghbeli M. Forkhead box proteins as the critical regulators of cisplatin response in tumor cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175937. [PMID: 37541368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most common chemotherapy drugs used in a wide range of cancer patients; however, there is a high rate of CDDP resistance among cancer patients. Considering the side effects of cisplatin in normal tissues, it is necessary to predict the CDDP response in cancer patients. Therefore, identifying the molecular mechanisms involved in CDDP resistance can help to introduce the prognostic markers. Several molecular mechanisms such as apoptosis inhibition, drug efflux, drug detoxification, and increased DNA repair are involved in CDDP resistance. Regarding the key role of transcription factors in regulation of many cellular processes related to drug resistance, in the present review, we discussed the role of Forkhead box (FOX) protein family in CDDP response. It has been reported that FOX proteins mainly promote CDDP resistance through the regulation of DNA repair, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and signaling pathways. Therefore, FOX proteins can be introduced as the prognostic markers to predict CDDP response in cancer patients. In addition, considering that oncogenic role of FOX proteins, the CDDP treatment along with FOX inhibition can be used as a therapeutic strategy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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5
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Kurayoshi K, Takase Y, Ueno M, Ohta K, Fuse K, Ikeda S, Watanabe T, Nishida Y, Horike SI, Hosomichi K, Ishikawa Y, Tadokoro Y, Kobayashi M, Kasahara A, Jing Y, Shoulkamy MI, Meguro-Horike M, Kojima K, Kiyoi H, Sugiyama H, Nagase H, Tajima A, Hirao A. Targeting cis-regulatory elements of FOXO family is a novel therapeutic strategy for induction of leukemia cell differentiation. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:642. [PMID: 37773170 PMCID: PMC10541907 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation therapy has been proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML); thus, the development of more versatile methodologies that are applicable to a wide range of AML subtypes is desired. Although the FOXOs transcription factor represents a promising drug target for differentiation therapy, the efficacy of FOXO inhibitors is limited in vivo. Here, we show that pharmacological inhibition of a common cis-regulatory element of forkhead box O (FOXO) family members successfully induced cell differentiation in various AML cell lines. Through gene expression profiling and differentiation marker-based CRISPR/Cas9 screening, we identified TRIB1, a complement of the COP1 ubiquitin ligase complex, as a functional FOXO downstream gene maintaining an undifferentiated status. TRIB1 is direct target of FOXO3 and the FOXO-binding cis-regulatory element in the TRIB1 promoter, referred to as the FOXO-responsive element in the TRIB1 promoter (FRE-T), played a critical role in differentiation blockade. Thus, we designed a DNA-binding pharmacological inhibitor of the FOXO-FRE-T interface using pyrrole-imidazole polyamides (PIPs) that specifically bind to FRE-T (FRE-PIPs). The FRE-PIPs conjugated to chlorambucil (FRE-chb) inhibited transcription of TRIB1, causing differentiation in various AML cell lines. FRE-chb suppressed the formation of colonies derived from AML cell lines but not from normal counterparts. Administration of FRE-chb inhibited tumor progression in vivo without remarkable adverse effects. In conclusion, targeting cis-regulatory elements of the FOXO family is a promising therapeutic strategy that induces AML cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Kurayoshi
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takase
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masaya Ueno
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- Division of Molecular Genetics, WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kumiko Ohta
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of the Ryukyus Hospital, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Nakagami District, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fuse
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- Department of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori Chuoh-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Shuji Ikeda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Watanabe
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8717, Japan
| | - Yuki Nishida
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shin-Ichi Horike
- Division of Integrated Omics Research, Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease Kanazawa University, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-0934, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Hosomichi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
- Laboratory of Computational Genomics, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Science, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ishikawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuko Tadokoro
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- Division of Molecular Genetics, WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kobayashi
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- Division of Molecular Genetics, WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kasahara
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- Division of Molecular Genetics, WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yongwei Jing
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Mahmoud I Shoulkamy
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- Division of Molecular Genetics, WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Makiko Meguro-Horike
- Division of Integrated Omics Research, Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease Kanazawa University, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-0934, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kojima
- Department of Hematology, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Kochi University, Okocho Kohasu, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kiyoi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomaecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagase
- Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tajima
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hirao
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
- Division of Molecular Genetics, WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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Moghbeli M, Taghehchian N, Akhlaghipour I, Samsami Y, Maharati A. Role of forkhead box proteins in regulation of doxorubicin and paclitaxel responses in tumor cells: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125995. [PMID: 37499722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the common first-line therapeutic methods in cancer patients. Despite the significant effects in improving the quality of life and survival of patients, chemo resistance is observed in a significant part of cancer patients, which leads to tumor recurrence and metastasis. Doxorubicin (DOX) and paclitaxel (PTX) are used as the first-line drugs in a wide range of tumors; however, DOX/PTX resistance limits their use in cancer patients. Considering the DOX/PTX side effects in normal tissues, identification of DOX/PTX resistant cancer patients is required to choose the most efficient therapeutic strategy for these patients. Investigating the molecular mechanisms involved in DOX/PTX response can help to improve the prognosis in cancer patients. Several cellular processes such as drug efflux, autophagy, and DNA repair are associated with chemo resistance that can be regulated by transcription factors as the main effectors in signaling pathways. Forkhead box (FOX) family of transcription factor has a key role in regulating cellular processes such as cell differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and proliferation. FOX deregulations have been associated with resistance to chemotherapy in different cancers. Therefore, we discussed the role of FOX protein family in DOX/PTX response. It has been reported that FOX proteins are mainly involved in DOX/PTX response by regulation of drug efflux, autophagy, structural proteins, and signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT, NF-kb, and JNK. This review is an effective step in introducing the FOX protein family as the reliable prognostic markers and therapeutic targets in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Negin Taghehchian
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yalda Samsami
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Kuracha MR, Govindarajan V, Loggie BW, Tobi M, McVicker BL. Pictilisib-Induced Resistance Is Mediated through FOXO1-Dependent Activation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Mucinous Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12331. [PMID: 37569713 PMCID: PMC10418489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR axis represents an important therapeutic target to treat human cancers. A well-described downstream target of the PI3K pathway is the forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factor family. FOXOs have been implicated in many cellular responses, including drug-induced resistance in cancer cells. However, FOXO-dependent acute phase resistance mediated by pictilisib, a potent small molecule PI3K inhibitor (PI3Ki), has not been studied. Here, we report that pictilisib-induced adaptive resistance is regulated by the FOXO-dependent rebound activity of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in mucinous colorectal adenocarcinoma (MCA) cells. The resistance mediated by PI3K inhibition involves the nuclear localization of FOXO and the altered expression of RTKs, including ErbB2, ErbB3, EphA7, EphA10, IR, and IGF-R1 in MCA cells. Further, in the presence of FOXO siRNA, the pictilisib-induced feedback activation of RTK regulators (pERK and pAKT) was altered in MCA cells. Interestingly, the combinational treatment of pictilisib (Pi3Ki) and FOXO1i (AS1842856) synergistically reduced MCA cell viability and increased apoptosis. These results demonstrate that pictilisib used as a single agent induces acute resistance, partly through FOXO1 inhibition. Therefore, overcoming PI3Ki single-agent adaptive resistance by rational design of FOXO1 and PI3K inhibitor combinations could significantly enhance the therapeutic efficacy of PI3K-targeting drugs in MCA cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali R. Kuracha
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medicine, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Venkatesh Govindarajan
- Department of Medical Education, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Brian W. Loggie
- Department of Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68124, USA
| | - Martin Tobi
- Research and Development Service, Detroit VAMC, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Benita L. McVicker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medicine, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Research Service, Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
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Yang J, Wang C, Zhang Y, Cheng S, Wu M, Gu S, Xu S, Wu Y, Wang Y. A novel autophagy-related gene signature associated with prognosis and immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:86. [PMID: 37120633 PMCID: PMC10148536 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01167-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OV), the most fatal gynecological malignance worldwide, has high recurrence rates and poor prognosis. Recently, emerging evidence supports that autophagy, a highly regulated multi-step self-digestive process, plays an essential role in OV progression. Accordingly, we filtered 52 potential autophagy-related genes (ATGs) among the 6197 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in TCGA-OV samples (n = 372) and normal controls (n = 180). Based on the LASSO-Cox analysis, we distinguished a 2-gene prognostic signature, namely FOXO1 and CASP8, with promising prognostic value (p-value < 0.001). Together with corresponding clinical features, we constructed a nomogram model for 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival, which was validated in both in training (TCGA-OV, p-value < 0.001) and validation (ICGC-OV, p-value = 0.030) cohorts. Interestingly, we evaluated the immune infiltration landscape through the CIBERSORT algorithm, which indicated the upregulation of 5 immune cells, including CD8 + T cells, Tregs, and Macrophages M2, and high expression of critical immune checkpoints (CTLA4, HAVCR2, PDCD1LG2, and TIGIT) in high-risk group. Stepwise, high-risk group exhibited better sensitivity towards chemotherapies of Bleomycin, Sorafenib, Veliparib, and Vinblastine, though less sensitive to immunotherapy. Especially, based on the IHC of tissue microarrays among 125 patients in our institution, we demonstrated that aberrant upregulation of FOXO1 in OV was related to metastasis and poor prognosis. Moreover, FOXO1 could significantly promote tumor invasiveness, migration, and proliferation in OV cell lines, which was assessed through the Transwell, wound-healing, and CCK-8 assay, respectively. Briefly, the autophagy-related signature was a reliable tool to evaluate immune responses and predict prognosis in the realm of OV precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shanshan Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meixuan Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijia Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shilin Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongsong Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Scalia P, Williams SJ, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y, Giordano A. Cell cycle control by the insulin-like growth factor signal: at the crossroad between cell growth and mitotic regulation. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1-37. [PMID: 36005738 PMCID: PMC9769454 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2108117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In proliferating cells and tissues a number of checkpoints (G1/S and G2/M) preceding cell division (M-phase) require the signal provided by growth factors present in serum. IGFs (I and II) have been demonstrated to constitute key intrinsic components of the peptidic active fraction of mammalian serum. In vivo genetic ablation studies have shown that the cellular signal triggered by the IGFs through their cellular receptors represents a non-replaceable requirement for cell growth and cell cycle progression. Retroactive and current evaluation of published literature sheds light on the intracellular circuitry activated by these factors providing us with a better picture of the pleiotropic mechanistic actions by which IGFs regulate both cell size and mitogenesis under developmental growth as well as in malignant proliferation. The present work aims to summarize the cumulative knowledge learned from the IGF ligands/receptors and their intracellular signaling transducers towards control of cell size and cell-cycle with particular focus to their actionable circuits in human cancer. Furthermore, we bring novel perspectives on key functional discriminants of the IGF growth-mitogenic pathway allowing re-evaluation on some of its signal components based upon established evidences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Scalia
- ISOPROG-Somatolink EPFP Research Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA, Caltanissetta, Italy,CST, Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United states,CONTACT Pierluigi Scalia ISOPROG-Somatolink EPFP Research Network, Philadelphia, PA9102, USA
| | - Stephen J Williams
- ISOPROG-Somatolink EPFP Research Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA, Caltanissetta, Italy,CST, Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United states
| | - Yoko Fujita-Yamaguchi
- Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Antonio Giordano
- ISOPROG-Somatolink EPFP Research Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA, Caltanissetta, Italy,School of Medical Biotechnology, University of Siena, Italy
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10
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Kar A, Kumari K, Mishra SK, Subudhi U. Self-assembled DNA nanostructure containing oncogenic miRNA-mediated cell proliferation by downregulation of FOXO1 expression. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1332. [PMID: 36539739 PMCID: PMC9764560 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXO1 transcription factor not only limits the cell cycle progression but also promotes cell death as a tumor suppressor protein. Though the expression of FOXO1 is largely examined in breast cancer, the regulation of FOXO1 by miRNA is yet to be explored. In the current study, self-assembled branched DNA (bDNA) nanostructures containing oncogenic miRNAs were designed and transfected to the MCF7 cell line to decipher the FOXO1 expression. bDNA containing oncogenic miRNAs 27a, 96, and 182 synergistically downregulate the expression of FOXO1 in MCF7 cells. The down-regulation is evident both in mRNA and protein levels suggesting that bDNA having miRNA sequences can selectively bind to mRNA and inhibit translation. Secondly, the downstream gene expression of p21 and p27 was also significantly downregulated in presence of miR-bDNA nanostructures. The cell proliferation activity was progressively increased in presence of miR-bDNA nanostructures which confirms the reduced tumor suppression activity of FOXO1 and the downstream gene expression. This finding can be explored to design novel bDNA structures which can downregulate the tumor suppressor proteins in normal cells and induce cell proliferation activity to identify early-phase markers of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishek Kar
- grid.418808.d0000 0004 1792 1607DNA Nanotechnology and Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, 751013 Bhubaneswar, India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh 201002 Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kanchan Kumari
- grid.418808.d0000 0004 1792 1607DNA Nanotechnology and Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, 751013 Bhubaneswar, India ,grid.12650.300000 0001 1034 3451Department of Molecular Biology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Sandip K. Mishra
- grid.418782.00000 0004 0504 0781Cancer Biology Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, 751023 Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Umakanta Subudhi
- grid.418808.d0000 0004 1792 1607DNA Nanotechnology and Application Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, 751013 Bhubaneswar, India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Uttar Pradesh 201002 Ghaziabad, India
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11
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Lufkin L, Samanta A, Baker D, Lufkin S, Schulze J, Ellis B, Rose J, Lufkin T, Kraus P. Glis1 and oxaloacetate in nucleus pulposus stromal cell somatic reprogramming and survival. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1009402. [PMID: 36406265 PMCID: PMC9671658 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1009402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine aims to repair degenerate tissue through cell refurbishment with minimally invasive procedures. Adipose tissue (FAT)-derived stem or stromal cells are a convenient autologous choice for many regenerative cell therapy approaches. The intervertebral disc (IVD) is a suitable target. Comprised of an inner nucleus pulposus (NP) and an outer annulus fibrosus (AF), the degeneration of the IVD through trauma or aging presents a substantial socio-economic burden worldwide. The avascular nature of the mature NP forces cells to reside in a unique environment with increased lactate levels, conditions that pose a challenge to cell-based therapies. We assessed adipose and IVD tissue-derived stromal cells through in vitro transcriptome analysis in 2D and 3D culture and suggested that the transcription factor Glis1 and metabolite oxaloacetic acid (OAA) could provide NP cells with survival tools for the harsh niche conditions in the IVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Lufkin
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States,The Clarkson School, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States
| | - Ankita Samanta
- Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States
| | - DeVaun Baker
- The Clarkson School, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States,Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States
| | - Sina Lufkin
- The Clarkson School, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States,Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States
| | | | - Benjamin Ellis
- Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States
| | - Jillian Rose
- Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States
| | - Thomas Lufkin
- Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States
| | - Petra Kraus
- Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Petra Kraus,
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12
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Xiao L, Lin S, Zhan F. One of the active ingredients in Paeoniae Radix Alba functions as JAK1 inhibitor in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:906763. [PMID: 36199685 PMCID: PMC9527307 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.906763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to explore and verify the mechanism underlying the action of the active ingredients of Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: The protein targets of PRA’s six active ingredients and RA were identified. Then, the intersection of the two groups was studied. The drug–target network was constructed, visualized, and analyzed by Cytoscape software. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment were performed to analyze these genes. Furthermore, we validated our predictions of the potential targets through a docking study. Finally, the anti-inflammatory effect of Palbinone (PB), one of the active ingredients of PRA, was tested by conducting in vitro and in vivo studies. Results: Six active ingredients of PRA were identified, and 103 overlapping genes were discovered. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that the genes are mostly enriched in IL-17 signaling pathway, Th17 cell differentiation, and the FoxO, ErbB, and TNF signaling pathways. 10 hub genes and two gene cluster modules were identified by Cytoscape. Molecular docking analysis proved that PB was able to bind to the ATP binding site of Janus kinase (JAK)1, thereby acting as a potential inhibitor of JAK1. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that PB exerts its anti-inflammatory role via the inhibition of JAK1. Conclusion: We constructed a multitarget pharmacological network of PRA in RA treatment. PB, one of the active compounds of PRA, was demonstrated to be a promising inhibitor of JAK1.
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13
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Liu J, Yu X, Chen H, Kaniskan HÜ, Xie L, Chen X, Jin J, Wei W. TF-DUBTACs Stabilize Tumor Suppressor Transcription Factors. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12934-12941. [PMID: 35786952 PMCID: PMC10981454 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation approaches have been widely used for degrading oncogenic proteins, providing a potentially promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. However, approaches to targeting tumor suppressor proteins are very limited, and only a few agonists have been developed to date. Here, we report the development of a platform termed TF-DUBTAC, which links a DNA oligonucleotide to a covalent ligand of the deubiquitinase OTUB1 via a click reaction, to selectively stabilize tumor suppressor transcription factors. We developed three series of TF-DUBTACs, namely, FOXO-DUBTAC, p53-DUBTAC, and IRF-DUBTAC, which stabilize FOXO3A, p53, and IRF3 in cells, respectively, in an OTUB1-dependent manner. These results suggest that TF-DUBTAC is a generalizable platform to achieve selective stabilization of tumor suppressor transcription factors as a therapeutic means to suppress tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Xufen Yu
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - He Chen
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - H Ümit Kaniskan
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Ling Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jian Jin
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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14
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Luu TT, Søndergaard JN, Peña-Pérez L, Kharazi S, Krstic A, Meinke S, Schmied L, Frengen N, Heshmati Y, Kierczak M, Bouderlique T, Wagner AK, Gustafsson C, Chambers BJ, Achour A, Kutter C, Höglund P, Månsson R, Kadri N. FOXO1 and FOXO3 Cooperatively Regulate Innate Lymphoid Cell Development. Front Immunol 2022; 13:854312. [PMID: 35757763 PMCID: PMC9218573 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.854312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play roles in viral clearance and early surveillance against malignant transformation, yet our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms controlling their development and functions remain incomplete. To reveal cell fate-determining pathways in NK cell progenitors (NKP), we utilized an unbiased approach and generated comprehensive gene expression profiles of NK cell progenitors. We found that the NK cell program was gradually established in the CLP to preNKP and preNKP to rNKP transitions. In line with FOXO1 and FOXO3 being co-expressed through the NK developmental trajectory, the loss of both perturbed the establishment of the NK cell program and caused stalling in both NK cell development and maturation. In addition, we found that the combined loss of FOXO1 and FOXO3 caused specific changes to the composition of the non-cytotoxic innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets in bone marrow, spleen, and thymus. By combining transcriptome and chromatin profiling, we revealed that FOXO TFs ensure proper NK cell development at various lineage-commitment stages through orchestrating distinct molecular mechanisms. Combined FOXO1 and FOXO3 deficiency in common and innate lymphoid cell progenitors resulted in reduced expression of genes associated with NK cell development including ETS-1 and their downstream target genes. Lastly, we found that FOXO1 and FOXO3 controlled the survival of committed NK cells via gene regulation of IL-15Rβ (CD122) on rNKPs and bone marrow NK cells. Overall, we revealed that FOXO1 and FOXO3 function in a coordinated manner to regulate essential developmental genes at multiple stages during murine NK cell and ILC lineage commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy T Luu
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Nørskov Søndergaard
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lucía Peña-Pérez
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shabnam Kharazi
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aleksandra Krstic
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephan Meinke
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laurent Schmied
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolai Frengen
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yaser Heshmati
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marcin Kierczak
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thibault Bouderlique
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arnika Kathleen Wagner
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Gustafsson
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benedict J Chambers
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adnane Achour
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claudia Kutter
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Höglund
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Månsson
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nadir Kadri
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Huang M, Hua X, Xu J, Tian Z, Wang J, Chen H, Wang X, Shu P, Ye H, Shu J, Huang C. Induction of p27 contributes to inhibitory effect of isorhapontigenin (ISO) on malignant transformation of human urothelial cells. Cell Cycle 2022:1-14. [PMID: 35532178 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2074623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the most expensive cancer to manage on a per-patient basis, costing about $4 billion in total healthcare expenditure per annum in America alone. Therefore, identifying a natural compound for prevention of BC is of tremendous importance for managing this disease. Previous studies have identified isorhapontigenin (ISO) as having an 85% preventive effect against invasive BC formation induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN). The results showed here that ISO treatment inhibited EGF-induced cell transformation of human urothelial cells through induction of tumor suppressor p27 transcription secondary to activation of an E2F1-dependentpathway.ISOtreatmentrenderedcellsresistanttoEGF-induced anchorage-independent growth concurrent with p27 protein induction in both UROtsa and SV-HUC-1 cells. ISO inhibition of EGF-induced cell transformation could be completely reversed by knockdown of p27, indicating that this protein was essential for the noted ISO inhibitory action. Mechanistic studies revealed that ISO treatment resulted in increased expression of E2F1, which in turn bound to its binding site in p27 promoter and initiated p27 transcription. The E2F1 induction was due to the elevation of its translation caused by ISO-induced miR-205 downregulation. Consistently, miR-205 was found to be overexpressed in human BCs, and ectopic expression of miR-205 mitigated ISO inhibitory effects against EGF-induced outcomes. Collectively, the results here demonstrate that ISO exhibits its preventive effect on EGF-induced human urothelial cell transformation by induction of p27 through a miR-205/E2F1 axis. This is distinct from what has been described for the therapeutic effects of ISO on human BC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maowen Huang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Hua
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiheng Xu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongxian Tian
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiajing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hengchao Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuyao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Shu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyan Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beilun People's Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianfeng Shu
- HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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16
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McKimpson WM, Kuo T, Kitamoto T, Higuchi S, Mills JC, Haeusler RA, Accili D. FOXO1 Is Present in Stomach Epithelium and Determines Gastric Cell Distribution. GASTRO HEP ADVANCES 2022; 1:733-745. [PMID: 36117550 PMCID: PMC9481069 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Stomach cells can be converted to insulin-producing cells by Neurog3, MafA, and Pdxl over-expression. Enteroendocrine cells can be similarly made to produce insulin by the deletion of FOXO1. Characteristics and functional properties of FOXO1-expressing stomach cells are not known. METHODS Using mice bearing a FOXO1-GFP knock-in allele and primary cell cultures, we examined the identity of FOXO1-expressing stomach cells and analyzed their features through loss-of-function studies with red-to-green fluorescent reporters. RESULTS FOXO1 localizes to a subset of Neurog3 and parietal cells. FOXO1 deletion ex vivo or in vivo using Neurog3-cre or Atp4b-cre increased numbers of parietal cells, generated insulin- and C-peptide-immunoreactive cells, and raised Neurog3 messenger RNA. Gene expression and ChIP- seq experiments identified the cell cycle regulator cyclin E1 (CCNE1) as a FOXO1 target. CONCLUSION FOXO1 is expressed in a subset of stomach cells. Its ablation increases parietal cells and yields insulin-immunoreactive cells, consistent with a role in lineage determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy M. McKimpson
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Taiyi Kuo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Takumi Kitamoto
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Sei Higuchi
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Jason C. Mills
- Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Rebecca A. Haeusler
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Domenico Accili
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
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17
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Lim HM, Lee J, Yu SH, Nam MJ, Cha HS, Park K, Yang YH, Jang KY, Park SH. Acetylshikonin, A Novel CYP2J2 Inhibitor, Induces Apoptosis in RCC Cells via FOXO3 Activation and ROS Elevation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9139338. [PMID: 35308176 PMCID: PMC8926475 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9139338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Acetylshikonin is a shikonin derivative originated from Lithospermum erythrorhizon roots that exhibits various biological activities, including granulation tissue formation, promotion of inflammatory effects, and inhibition of angiogenesis. The anticancer effect of acetylshikonin was also investigated in several cancer cells; however, the effect against renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have not yet been studied. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anticarcinogenic mechanism of acetylshikonin in A498 and ACHN, human RCC cell lines. MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide), cell counting, and colony forming assay showed that acetylshikonin induced cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis and annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double staining assay indicated the increase of subG1 phase and apoptotic rates. Also, DNA fragmentation was observed by using the TUNEL and comet assays. The intracellular ROS level in acetylshikonin-treated RCC was evaluated using DCF-DA. The ROS level was increased and cell viability was decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner, while those were recovered when cotreated with NAC. Western blotting analysis showed that acetylshikonin treatment increased the expression of FOXO3, cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-3, -6, -7, -8, -9, γH2AX, Bim, Bax, p21, and p27 while decreased the expressions of CYP2J2, peroxiredoxin, and thioredoxin-1, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL. Simultaneously, nuclear translocation of FOXO3 and p27 was observed in cytoplasmic and nuclear fractionated western blot analysis. Acetylshikonin was formerly identified as a novel inhibitor of CYP2J2 protein in our previous study and it was evaluated that CYP2J2 was downregulated in acetylshikonin-treated RCC. CYP2J2 siRNA transfection augmented that apoptotic effect of acetylshikonin in A498 and ACHN via up-regulation of FOXO3 expression. In conclusion, we showed that the apoptotic potential of acetylshikonin against RCC is mediated via increase of intracellular ROS level, activation of FOXO3, and inhibition of CYP2J2 expressions. This study offers that acetylshikonin may be a considerable alternative therapeutic option for RCC treatment by targeting FOXO3 and CYP2J2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heui Min Lim
- Department of Biological Science, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Hak Yu
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Jin Nam
- Department of Biological Science, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Sun Cha
- Department of Biological Science, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmoon Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
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18
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Uslu M, Kocabaş F. Development of a novel and synthetic HematoMiR technology that broadly modulates quiescence of stem cells and enhances HSC expansion. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:68. [PMID: 34971431 PMCID: PMC11072120 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) transplantation is the primary therapeutic modality used to treat hematopoietic disorders. It centers on the capability of a small quantity of HSCs to repopulate whole blood lineages. Along with limited availability of suitable donors, the need for sufficient number of donor HSCs is still challenging in clinical relevance. This has been addressed by ex vivo HSC expansion albeit with partial success, and thus development of an alternative strategy that could improve HSC expansion is required. To that end, we aimed to build HematoMiR, an oligo-based technology that broadly targets HSC quiescence factors. Here, we show that HematoMiRs and their combinations targeting over 50 factors involved in HSC quiescence could induce robust ex vivo murine and human HSC expansion. In particular, HematoMiR-5 treatment enhanced cell cycle through down-regulation of negative cell cycle regulators in HSCs. HematoMiR-5 treated HSPCs had reduced DNA damage during the course of ex vivo expansion. Moreover, HematoMiR-5 treatment led to sustained HSC self-renewal ability and a low apoptosis rate. In addition, HematoMiR-5 expanded HSCs demonstrated successful engraftment and repopulation capacity in the recipient animals. Furthermore, combinatorial treatments of HematoMiR-2 and 5 allowed vigorous ex vivo HSC expansion. These findings demonstrate that novel and synthetic HematoMiR technology is feasible for HSC ex vivo expansion through the sequence-dependent modulation of numerous HSC quiescence modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Uslu
- Regenerative Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Kocabaş
- Regenerative Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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19
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Aitken TJ, Crabtree JE, Jensen DM, Hess KH, Leininger BR, Tessem JS. Decreased proliferation of aged rat beta cells corresponds with enhanced expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p27 KIP1. Biol Cell 2021; 113:507-521. [PMID: 34523154 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 400 million people are diabetic. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are characterized by decreased functional β-cell mass and, consequently, decreased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. A potential intervention is transplantation of β-cell containing islets from cadaveric donors. A major impediment to greater application of this treatment is the scarcity of transplant-ready β-cells. Therefore, inducing β-cell proliferation ex vivo could be used to expand functional β-cell mass prior to transplantation. Various molecular pathways are sufficient to induce proliferation of young β-cells; however, aged β-cells are refractory to these proliferative signals. Given that the majority of cadaveric donors fit an aged demographic, defining the mechanisms that impede aged β-cell proliferation is imperative. RESULTS We demonstrate that aged rat (5-month-old) β-cells are refractory to mitogenic stimuli that otherwise induce young rat (5-week-old) β-cell proliferation. We hypothesized that this change in proliferative capacity could be due to differences in cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor expression. We measured levels of p16INK4a , p15INK4b , p18INK4c , p19INK4d , p21CIP1 , p27KIP1 and p57KIP2 by immunofluorescence analysis. Our data demonstrates an age-dependent increase of p27KIP1 in rat β-cells by immunofluorescence and was validated by increased p27KIP1 protein levels by western blot analysis. Interestingly, HDAC1, which modulates the p27KIP1 promoter acetylation state, is downregulated in aged rat islets. These data demonstrate increased p27KIP1 protein levels at 5 months of age, which may be due to decreased HDAC1 mediated repression of p27KIP1 expression. SIGNIFICANCE As the majority of transplant-ready β-cells come from aged donors, it is imperative that we understand why aged β-cells are refractory to mitogenic stimuli. Our findings demonstrate that increased p27KIP1 expression occurs early in β-cell aging, which corresponds with impaired β-cell proliferation. Furthermore, the correlation between HDAC1 and p27 levels suggests that pathways that activate HDAC1 in aged β-cells could be leveraged to decrease p27KIP1 levels and enhance β-cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talon J Aitken
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA.,Medical Education Program, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, 50312, USA
| | - Jacqueline E Crabtree
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Daelin M Jensen
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA.,Biomedical Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Kavan H Hess
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA.,Medical Education Program, Idaho College of Osteopathic Medicine, Meridian, ID, 83642, USA
| | - Brennan R Leininger
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA.,Dental Education Program, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Jeffery S Tessem
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
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20
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Bansod S, Saifi MA, Godugu C. Molecular updates on berberine in liver diseases: Bench to bedside. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5459-5476. [PMID: 34056769 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Liver diseases are life-threatening illnesses and are the major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. These may include liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and drug-induced liver toxicity. Liver diseases have a wide prevalence globally and the fifth most common cause of death among all gastrointestinal disorders. Several novel therapeutic approaches have emerged for the therapy of liver diseases that may provide better clinical outcomes with improved safety. The use of phytochemicals for the amelioration of liver diseases has gained considerable popularity. Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid of the protoberberine type, has emerged as a promising molecule for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Accumulating studies have proved the hepatoprotective effects of BBR. BBR has been shown to modulate multiple signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of liver diseases including Akt/FoxO2, PPAR-γ, Nrf2, insulin, AMPK, mTOR, and epigenetic pathways. In the present review, we have emphasized the important pharmacological activities and mechanisms of BBR in liver diseases. Further, we have reviewed various pharmacokinetic and toxicological barriers of this promising phytoconstituent. Finally, formulation-based novel approaches are also summarized to overcome the clinical hurdles for BBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapana Bansod
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohd Aslam Saifi
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Chandraiah Godugu
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
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21
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Modesti L, Danese A, Angela Maria Vitto V, Ramaccini D, Aguiari G, Gafà R, Lanza G, Giorgi C, Pinton P. Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Signaling in Health, Disease and Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061317. [PMID: 34070562 PMCID: PMC8230075 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The divalent cation calcium (Ca2+) is considered one of the main second messengers inside cells and acts as the most prominent signal in a plethora of biological processes. Its homeostasis is guaranteed by an intricate and complex system of channels, pumps, and exchangers. In this context, by regulating cellular Ca2+ levels, mitochondria control both the uptake and release of Ca2+. Therefore, at the mitochondrial level, Ca2+ plays a dual role, participating in both vital physiological processes (ATP production and regulation of mitochondrial metabolism) and pathophysiological processes (cell death, cancer progression and metastasis). Hence, it is not surprising that alterations in mitochondrial Ca2+ (mCa2+) pathways or mutations in Ca2+ transporters affect the activities and functions of the entire cell. Indeed, it is widely recognized that dysregulation of mCa2+ signaling leads to various pathological scenarios, including cancer, neurological defects and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review summarizes the current knowledge on the regulation of mCa2+ homeostasis, the related mechanisms and the significance of this regulation in physiology and human diseases. We also highlight strategies aimed at remedying mCa2+ dysregulation as promising therapeutical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Modesti
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.M.); (A.D.); (V.A.M.V.); (D.R.); (C.G.)
| | - Alberto Danese
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.M.); (A.D.); (V.A.M.V.); (D.R.); (C.G.)
| | - Veronica Angela Maria Vitto
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.M.); (A.D.); (V.A.M.V.); (D.R.); (C.G.)
| | - Daniela Ramaccini
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.M.); (A.D.); (V.A.M.V.); (D.R.); (C.G.)
| | - Gianluca Aguiari
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Roberta Gafà
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Giovanni Lanza
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.M.); (A.D.); (V.A.M.V.); (D.R.); (C.G.)
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (L.M.); (A.D.); (V.A.M.V.); (D.R.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0532-455802
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22
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Sun Z, Cao Y, Xing Y, Wu M, Shao X, Huang Q, Bai L, Wang L, Zhao Y, Wu Y. Antiangiogenic effect of arsenic trioxide in HUVECs by FoxO3a-regulated autophagy. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22728. [PMID: 33592126 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been shown to have antitumor effect in different tumors, although the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Autophagy plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy and has been found to be activated by ATO in different cells. However, the role of autophagy in the antitumor effect of ATO has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of autophagy in the antiangiogenic effect of ATO in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro and its underlying mechanism. Our data showed that ATO suppresses angiogenesis and induces autophagy in HUVECs through upregulation of forkhead box protein O3 (FoxO3a). Co-incubated with autophagy inhibitor or knockdown of FoxO3a effectively inhibited ATO-induced autophagy and reversed the antiangiogenic effect of ATO, indicating that ATO-induced autophagy plays an antiangiogenic role in HUVECs. Our results highlight the importance of autophagy in the antiangiogenic effect of ATO and provide an improved understanding of the function of ATO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Sun
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yidan Cao
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yueping Xing
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Muyu Wu
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Shao
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qingli Huang
- Research Facility Center for Morphology of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lu Bai
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yaxian Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yongping Wu
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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23
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Kim SJ, Kim KM, Yang JH, Cho SS, Jeong EH, Kim JH, Lee JH, Seo KH, Park EY, Ki SH. Transforming Growth Factor Beta-Induced Foxo3a Acts as a Profibrotic Mediator in Hepatic Stellate Cells. Toxicol Sci 2021; 179:241-250. [PMID: 33372984 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are major contributors to hepatic fibrogenesis facilitating liver fibrosis. Forkhead box O 3a (FoxO3a) is a member of the forkhead transcription factor family, which mediates cell proliferation and differentiation. However, the expression and function of FoxO3a during HSC activation remain largely unknown. FoxO3a overexpression was related to fibrosis in patients, and its expression was colocalized with desmin or α-smooth muscle actin, representative HSC markers. We also observed upregulated FoxO3a levels in two animal hepatic fibrosis models, a carbon tetrachloride-injected model and a bile duct ligation model. In addition, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) treatment in mouse primary HSCs or LX-2 cells elevated FoxO3a expression. When FoxO3a was upregulated by TGF-β in LX-2 cells, both the cytosolic and nuclear levels of FoxO3a increased. In addition, we found that the induction of FoxO3a by TGF-β was due to both transcriptional and proteasome-dependent mechanisms. Moreover, FoxO3a overexpression promoted TGF-β-mediated Smad activation. Furthermore, FoxO3a increased fibrogenic gene expression, which was reversed by FoxO3a knockdown. TGF-β-mediated FoxO3a overexpression in HSCs facilitated hepatic fibrogenesis, suggesting that FoxO3a may be a novel target for liver fibrosis prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Min Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Yang
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Sam Seok Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hwa Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Park
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeollanam-do 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Ki
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
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24
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Petrescu AD, Grant S, Williams E, Frampton G, Reinhart EH, Nguyen A, An S, McMillin M, DeMorrow S. Ghrelin reverses ductular reaction and hepatic fibrosis in a rodent model of cholestasis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16024. [PMID: 32994489 PMCID: PMC7525536 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72681-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The orexigenic peptide ghrelin (Ghr) stimulates hunger signals in the hypothalamus via growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a). Gastric Ghr is synthetized as a preprohormone which is proteolytically cleaved, and acylated by a membrane-bound acyl transferase (MBOAT). Circulating Ghr is reduced in cholestatic injuries, however Ghr's role in cholestasis is poorly understood. We investigated Ghr's effects on biliary hyperplasia and hepatic fibrosis in Mdr2-knockout (Mdr2KO) mice, a recognized model of cholestasis. Serum, stomach and liver were collected from Mdr2KO and FVBN control mice treated with Ghr, des-octanoyl-ghrelin (DG) or vehicle. Mdr2KO mice had lower expression of Ghr and MBOAT in the stomach, and lower levels of circulating Ghr compared to WT-controls. Treatment of Mdr2KO mice with Ghr improved plasma transaminases, reduced biliary and fibrosis markers. In the liver, GHS-R1a mRNA was expressed predominantly in cholangiocytes. Ghr but not DG, decreased cell proliferation via AMPK activation in cholangiocytes in vitro. AMPK inhibitors prevented Ghr-induced FOXO1 nuclear translocation and negative regulation of cell proliferation. Ghr treatment reduced ductular reaction and hepatic fibrosis in Mdr2KO mice, regulating cholangiocyte proliferation via GHS-R1a, a G-protein coupled receptor which causes increased intracellular Ca2+ and activation of AMPK and FOXO1, maintaining a low rate of cholangiocyte proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca D Petrescu
- Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX, 76504, USA
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Stephanie Grant
- Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX, 76504, USA
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Elaina Williams
- Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX, 76504, USA
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Gabriel Frampton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78701, USA
| | - Evan H Reinhart
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, 76502, USA
| | - Amy Nguyen
- University of Mary Hardin-Baylor, Belton, TX, 76513, USA
| | - Suyeon An
- Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX, 76504, USA
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Matthew McMillin
- Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX, 76504, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78701, USA
| | - Sharon DeMorrow
- Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX, 76504, USA.
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78701, USA.
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25
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Alasiri G, Jiramongkol Y, Trakansuebkul S, Ke HL, Mahmud Z, Intuyod K, Lam EWF. Reciprocal regulation between GCN2 (eIF2AK4) and PERK (eIF2AK3) through the JNK-FOXO3 axis to modulate cancer drug resistance and clonal survival. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 515:110932. [PMID: 32615282 PMCID: PMC7493713 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical inhibitors of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress modulator PERK (eIF2AK3) have demonstrated anticancer activities in combination therapies, but their effectiveness as a single agent is limited, suggesting the existence of possible compensatory cellular responses. To explore the potential mechanisms involved, we performed time-course drug treatment experiments on the parental MCF-7 and drug resistant MCF-7EpiR and MCF-7TaxR breast cancer cells and identified GCN2 (eIF2AK4) as a molecule that can potentially cooperate with PERK to regulate FOXO3 via JNK and AKT to modulate drug response. Consistently, GCN2 knockdown severely impaired the clonal survival of parental and resistant MCF-7 cells and sensitised them to epirubicin and paclitaxel treatment. Western blot, RT-qPCR and ChIP analyses also confirmed that GCN2 inactivation causes an induction of JNK and thereby FOXO3 activity, culminating in an increase in PERK activity and expression at the transcription level. Conversely, PERK-inactivation using GSK2606414-induces an induction in GCN2 expression and activity also associated with JNK. In agreement, we also showed that the perk-/- MEFs, expressing elevated levels of P-JNK, JNK, GCN2 and reduced levels of P-AKT and P-FOXO3, have lower clonogenicity and are more sensitive to epirubicin compared to wild-type MEFs. Similarly, gcn2-/- MEFs expressing augmented levels of P-JNK, JNK, P-PERK, PERK and lower levels of P-AKT and P-FOXO3 also had lower clonogenicity and were more sensitive to epirubicin and PERK-inhibition. In addition, JNK1/2 deletion in MEFs resulted in reduced levels of GCN2, FOXO3, PERK, P-PERK expression as well as FOXO3 activity and enhanced clonal survival and resistance to PERK-inhibition. Together these results demonstrate that GCN2 cooperates with PERK through the JNK-FOXO3 axis in a reciprocal negative feedback loop to mediate cancer chemotherapeutic drug response and clonal survival, advocating the potential of targeting GCN2 as a therapeutic strategy for treating cancer and for overcoming drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glowi Alasiri
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Yannasittha Jiramongkol
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sasanan Trakansuebkul
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Hui-Ling Ke
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Zimam Mahmud
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Kitti Intuyod
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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26
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Activation of Sirtuin1 by lyceum barbarum polysaccharides in protection against diabetic cataract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 261:113165. [PMID: 32730875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) extracted from the Lycium barbarum L. has been widely used to improve diabetes and its relative complications. However, the mechanisms have not fully understood. A recent study has demonstrated that LBP upregulates suituin 1 (SIRT1). OBJECTIVE This study was to define the role of Sirt1 and its downstream signaling pathways in diabetic cataract using in vitro and in vivo models. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human lens epithelial cell line SRA01/04 cells were cultured under high glucose (HG) medium with treatment of LBP or vehicle. Cell viability, apoptosis, protein and/or mRNA levels of Sirt1, BAX, Bcl-2, active-caspase-3, FOXO1, p27 and acetylated p53 were measured. SIRT1 upregulated- and knocked-down cells were generated and tested in high glucose culture. Diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by streptozotocin injection. Body weight, blood glucose levels, lens transparency and retinal function were assessed and SIRT1, as well as the aforementioned biomarkers were measured using Western blotting and qPCR in the animal lens samples. RESULTS The results showed that HG decreased cell viability and LBP prevented the decrease. The reduced viability in HG cultured SRA01/04 cells was associated with increased levels of BAX, active caspase 3, FOXO1, p27, and p53 and decreased levels of SIRT1 and Bcl-2. Further experiments using sirt1 gene modulated cells showed that upregulation of Sirt1 improved viability, increase cell division as reflected by an increased proportion of S phase in the cell cycle, reduced the number of apoptotic cell death and suppressed p53 acetylation and caspase 3 activation. Opposite results were observed in SIRT1 knock-down cells. Treating diabetic animals with LBP reduced body weight loss and blood glucose content in diabetic animals. Similarly, LBP hindered the development of cataract in lenses and improved retinal function. The beneficial effect of LBP on diabetic cataract was associated with the supression of p53, caspase 3, FOXO1, BAX, p27 and elevation of SIRT1 and Bcl-2, which were consistent with the in vitro findings. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that diabetes caused cataract is associated with suppression of SIRT1 and Bcl-2 and activation of other cell death related genes. LBP prevented diabetic cataract in animals by upregulating Sirt1 and Bcl-2 and suppressing cell death related genes.
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27
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Zhou G, Hu RK, Xia GC, Yan SH, Ren QL, Zhao J, Wang FH, Huang CC, Yao Q, Tan Y, Zhao NW. Tyrosine nitrations impaired intracellular trafficking of FSHR to the cell surface and FSH-induced Akt-FoxO3a signaling in human granulosa cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:3094-3116. [PMID: 31097679 PMCID: PMC6555443 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Many infertile women suffered from poor ovarian response, and increased reactive oxygen species with age might mediate the poor ovarian response to FSH. In this study, we collected follicular fluids and isolated granulosa cells from female patients. Increased levels of peroxynitrite, tyrosine nitrations of FSH receptor (FSHR) and apoptosis were obviously detectable with decreased FSHR protein expressions in granulosa cells of the poor ovarian responders. In KGN (a human ovarian granulosa cell line) cells, exogenous peroxynitrite could sequester FSHR in the cytoplasm, and these dislocated FSHR might suffer from proteasome-mediated degradations. Here, we identified four peroxynitrite-mediated nitrated tyrosine residues of FSHR. Site-directed mutagenesis of FSHR revealed that Y626 was pivotal for intracellular trafficking of FSHR to the cell surface. Akt-induced inactivation of FoxO3a was required for the repression of FSH on granulosa cell apoptosis. However, peroxynitrite impaired FSH-induced Akt-FoxO3a signaling, while FSHR-Y626A mutant took similar effects. In addition, FoxO3a knockdown indeed impaired FSH-mediated cell survival, while FoxO3a-S253A mutant reversed that significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong-Kui Hu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Gui-Cheng Xia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi-Hai Yan
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing-Ling Ren
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei-Hong Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Qi Yao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Tan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning-Wei Zhao
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Shimadzu Biomedical Research Laboratory, Shanghai, China
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Alhoshani A, Alanazi FE, Alotaibi MR, Attwa MW, Kadi AA, Aldhfyan A, Akhtar S, Hourani S, Agouni A, Zeidan A, Korashy HM. EGFR Inhibitor Gefitinib Induces Cardiotoxicity through the Modulation of Cardiac PTEN/Akt/FoxO3a Pathway and Reactive Metabolites Formation: In Vivo and in Vitro Rat Studies. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1719-1728. [PMID: 32370496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gefitinib (GEF) is a selective inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) used to treat non-small cell lung cancer. Yet, few cases of cardiotoxicity have been reported. However, the role of the PTEN/Akt/FoxO3a pathway, which mediates GEF anticancer activity, in GEF cardiotoxicity remains unclear. For this purpose, in vitro H9c2 cells and in vivo rat cardiomyocytes were utilized as study models. Treatment of H9c2 cells and Sprague-Dawley rats with GEF significantly induced the expression of hypertrophic and apoptotic markers at mRNA and protein levels with an increased plasma level of troponin. This was accompanied by induction of autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction in H9c2 cells. Inhibition of cardiac EGFR activity and Akt cellular content of in vitro and in vivo rat cardiomyocytes by GEF increased PTEN and FoxO3a gene expression and cellular content. Importantly, treatment of H9c2 cells with PI3K/Akt inhibitor increased PTEN and FoxO3a mRNA expression associated with potentiation of GEF cardiotoxicity. In addition, by using LC-MS/MS, we showed that GEF is metabolized in the rat heart microsomes into one cyanide- and two methoxylamine-adduct reactive metabolites, where their formation was entirely blocked by CYP1A1 inhibitor, α-naphthoflavone. The current study concludes that GEF induces cardiotoxicity through modulating the expression and function of the cardiac PTEN/AKT/FoxO3a pathway and the formation of CYP1A1-mediated reactive metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alhoshani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz E Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Security Forces Hospital Program, P.O. Box 3643, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moureq R Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed W Attwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Students' University Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Adnan A Kadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Aldhfyan
- Stem Cell & Tissue Re-Engineering, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabah Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shireen Hourani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asad Zeidan
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Nasimian A, Farzaneh P, Tamanoi F, Bathaie SZ. Cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS production resulted in apoptosis induction in breast cancer cells treated with Crocin: The role of FOXO3a, PTEN and AKT signaling. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 177:113999. [PMID: 32353423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Different groups have reported the Crocin anticancer activity. We previously showed Crocin-induced apoptosis in rat model of breast and gastric cancers, through the increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspases activity, as well as the cell cycle arrest in a p53-dependent manner. Since Crocin antioxidant activity has been shown under different conditions, it is interesting to elucidate its apoptotic mechanism. Here, we treated two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, with Crocin. MTT and ROS assays, cell cycle arrest, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase3 activity were determined. PARP cleavage and expression of some proteins were studied using Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The results indicated stepwise ROS generation in cytosol and mitochondria after Crocin treatment. Attenuating the early ROS level, using diphenyleneiodonium, diminished the sequent mitochondrial damage (decreasing Δψ) and downstream apoptotic signaling. Crocin induced ROS production, FOXO3a expression and nuclear translocation, and then, elevation of the expression of FOXO3a target genes (Bim and PTEN) and caspase-3 activation. Application of N-acetylcysteine blocked AKT/FOXO3a/Bim signaling. FOXO3a knockdown resulted in a decrease of Bim, PTEN and caspase 3, after Crocin treatment. PTEN knockdown caused a decrease in FOXO3a, Bim and caspase 3, in addition to an increase in p-AKT and p-FOXO3a, after Crocin treatment. In conclusion, Crocin induced apoptosis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The ROS-activated FOXO3a cascade plays a central role in this process. FOXO3a-mediated upregulation of PTEN exerted a further inhibition of the AKT survival pathway. These data provide a new insight into applications of Crocin for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Nasimian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14155-331, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Farzaneh
- Human and Animal Cell Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Center (IBRC), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fuyuhiko Tamanoi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics (MIMG), UCLA, LA, CA, USA
| | - S Zahra Bathaie
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14155-331, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang Q, Yang X, Zhou X, Wu B, Zhu D, Jia W, Chu J, Wang J, Wu J, Kong L. MiR-3174 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis by targeting FOXO1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:889-897. [PMID: 32279994 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been confirmed to play a crucial part in oncogenesis. Several studies suggested that MiR-3174 act as a tumor promoter in various Malignant neoplasm. However, the biological function of miR-3174 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still highly unexplored. METHODS We screened differentially over-expressed miRNAs by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the GEO databases. The expression of miR-3174 in HCC cells and tissues was detected by qRT-PCR. The cellular behaviors of transfected cells were respectively examined by colony formation assays, EdU Assays and flow cytometry. Forkhead box O1 transcription factor (FOXO1) was predicted and confirmed as a direct target of miR-3174 by bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. RESULTS MiR-3174 was up-regulated in HCC tissues and cells, and the expression level of it was highly associated with tumor size and Edmondson grade. Our study pioneering validates that upregulated miR-3174 promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, our study verified that miR-3174 regulate Bim, P21, cyclin D1 and c-MYC expression by directly targeting FOXO1. CONCLUSION The upregulated miR-3174 promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis by downregulating FOXO1 expression in HCC. MiR-3174 may be a novel candidate for targeted delivery of miRNA therapeutics for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Deming Zhu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenbo Jia
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Chu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinyi Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jindao Wu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Lianbao Kong
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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31
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Sun Z, Li P, Wang X, Lai S, Qiu H, Chen Z, Hu S, Yao J, Shen J. GLP-1/GLP-1R Signaling Regulates Ovarian PCOS-Associated Granulosa Cells Proliferation and Antiapoptosis by Modification of Forkhead Box Protein O1 Phosphorylation Sites. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:1484321. [PMID: 32655632 PMCID: PMC7321515 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1484321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As the major cause of female anovulatory infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects a great proportion of women at childbearing age. Although glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-IRAs) show therapeutic effects for PCOS, its target and underlying mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, we identified that, both in vivo and in vitro, GLP-1 functioned as the regulator of proliferation and antiapoptosis of MGCs of follicle in PCOS mouse ovary. Furthermore, forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) plays an important role in the courses. Regarding the importance of granulosa cells (GCs) in oocyte development and function, the results from the current study could provide a more detailed illustration on the already known beneficial effects of GLP-1RAs on PCOS and support the future efforts to develop more efficient GLP-1RAs for PCOS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Sun
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiyi Li
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuchang Lai
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Qiu
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shidi Hu
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Medical Research Center, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shunde, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Medical Research Center, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shunde, Guangdong, China
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32
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Du LJ, Pang B, Tan YM, Yang YN, Zhang MZ, Pang Q, Sun M, Ni Q. Banxia Xiexin Decoction Ameliorates t-BHP-Induced Apoptosis in Pancreatic Beta Cells by Activating the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 Signaling Pathway. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:3695689. [PMID: 32377518 PMCID: PMC7191444 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3695689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BXXD) reportedly regulates glycolipid metabolism and inhibits pancreatic β-cell apoptosis. This study is aimed at investigating the protective effect of BXXD on tert-butyl hydroperoxide- (t-BHP-) induced apoptosis in MIN6 cells and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS MIN6 cells were preincubated with BXXD or liraglutide (Li) with or without PI3K inhibitor LY294002 (LY) for 12 h, following which t-BHP was added to induce MIN6 cell apoptosis. The protective effects of BXXD on MIN6 cells were evaluated by detecting cell viability and proliferation and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). The antiapoptotic effects were evaluated by Hoechst 33342 staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay (TUNEL). Malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase content and superoxide dismutase activity were measured using commercial kits. The expression of PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway-related signal molecules, and that of apoptotic indicators Bax, P27, and Caspase-3, was quantified using western blotting. RESULTS Preincubation with BXXD significantly improved t-BHP-induced proliferation inhibition and apoptosis and enhanced GSIS. t-BHP induced the generation of reactive oxygen species and inhibited the activities of antioxidant enzymes, which could be neutralized by pretreatment with BXXD. BXXD promoted the phosphorylation of AKT and FOXO1 in t-BHP-induced MIN6 cells. Moreover, BXXD attenuated the expression of related apoptotic indicators Bax, P27, and Caspase-3. LY abolished these effects of BXXD. CONCLUSION BXXD protected MIN6 cells against t-BHP-induced apoptosis and improved insulin secretory function through modulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway and the downstream FOXO1, thus suggesting a novel therapeutic approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-juan Du
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Pang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-meng Tan
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-nan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-zhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Pang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Qing Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Molecular Determinants of Cancer Therapy Resistance to HDAC Inhibitor-Induced Autophagy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010109. [PMID: 31906235 PMCID: PMC7016854 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylation inhibitors (HDACi) offer high potential for future cancer therapy as they can re-establish the expression of epigenetically silenced cell death programs. HDACi-induced autophagy offers the possibility to counteract the frequently present apoptosis-resistance as well as stress conditions of cancer cells. Opposed to the function of apoptosis and necrosis however, autophagy activated in cancer cells can engage in a tumor-suppressive or tumor-promoting manner depending on mostly unclarified factors. As a physiological adaption to apoptosis resistance in early phases of tumorigenesis, autophagy seems to resume a tumorsuppressive role that confines tumor necrosis and inflammation or even induces cell death in malignant cells. During later stages of tumor development, chemotherapeutic drug-induced autophagy seems to be reprogrammed by the cancer cell to prevent its elimination and support tumor progression. Consistently, HDACi-mediated activation of autophagy seems to exert a protective function that prevents the induction of apoptotic or necrotic cell death in cancer cells. Thus, resistance to HDACi-induced cell death is often encountered in various types of cancer as well. The current review highlights the different mechanisms of HDACi-elicited autophagy and corresponding possible molecular determinants of therapeutic resistance in cancer.
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Zalloum H, AbuThiab T, Hameduh T, AlBayyari S, Zalloum W, Abu-Irmaileh B, Mubarak MS, Zihlif M. Comparative anti-proliferative effects of potential HER2 inhibitors on a panel of breast cancer cell lines. Breast Cancer 2019; 27:213-224. [PMID: 31559601 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-019-01011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most lethal types of cancer in women worldwide. The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is considered as a validated target in breast cancer therapy. Previously, we have used quantitative structure activity relationship QSAR equations and their associated pharmacophore models to screen for new promising HER2 structurally diverse inhibitory leads which were tested against HER2-overexpressing SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line. OBJECTIVE In this study, we sought to explore the effect of most active ligands against different normal and breast cancer cell lines that represent different breast cancer subtypes with distinguished expression levels in HER2 and HER1. METHODS We have tested the promising compounds against SKBR3, MDA-MB-231, MCF7, human fibroblast, and MCF10 cell lines. To understand the inhibitory effects of the active ligands against HER2 over expressed breast cancer cell lines, all inhibitors and the control compound, lapatinib, were docked into the active site of HER2 enzyme performed using Ligand Fit docking engine and PMF scoring function. RESULTS Five ligands exhibited promising results with relatively low IC50 values on cells that amplify HER2 and high IC50 on those that do not express such a receptor. The most potent compound (compound 13) showed an IC50 of 0.046 µM. To test their toxicity against normal cells, the active compounds were tested against both normal fibroblast and normal breast cancer cell MCF-10 and relatively high IC50 values were scored. The IC50 values on HER2 over-expressed breast cancer and normal fibroblast cells provided a promising safety index. Docking results showed the highest similarity in the binding site between the most active ligand and the lapatinib. CONCLUSION Our pharmacophore model resulted in a high potent ligand that shows high potency against HER2 positive breast cancer and relatively low toxicity towards the normal human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Zalloum
- Hamdi Mango Research Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
| | - Tuka AbuThiab
- Hamdi Mango Research Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Tareq Hameduh
- Hamdi Mango Research Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Sara AlBayyari
- Hamdi Mango Research Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Waleed Zalloum
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, American University of Madaba, P.O. Box 2882, Amman, 11821, Jordan
| | - Basha'er Abu-Irmaileh
- Hamdi Mango Research Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Mohammad S Mubarak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Malek Zihlif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
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35
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Liu S, Jia J, Zhou H, Zhang C, Liu L, Liu J, Lu L, Li X, Kang Y, Lou Y, Cai Z, Ren Y, Kong X, Feng S. PTEN modulates neurites outgrowth and neuron apoptosis involving the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4059-4066. [PMID: 31702028 PMCID: PMC6797942 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the role of the PTEN/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in the neurite outgrowth and apoptosis of cortical neurons. Cortical neurons were seeded on or adjacent to chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. The length, number and crossing behavior of the neurites were calculated. Immunohistochemical staining and TUNEL data were analyzed. Neurites treated with PTEN inhibitor exhibited significant enhancements in elongation, initiation and crossing abilities when they encountered chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in vitro. These effects disappeared when the PTEN/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was blocked. Neurons exhibited significant enhancements in survival ability following PTEN inhibition. The present study demonstrated that PTEN inhibition can promote axonal elongation and initiation in cerebral cortical neurons, as well as the ability to cross the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan border. In addition, PTEN inhibition is useful for protecting the neuron from apoptosis. The PTEN/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is an important signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Jun Jia
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Hengxing Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Li
- Key Laboratory of Immuno Microenvironment and Disease of the Educational Ministry of China, Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Yi Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yongfu Lou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Yiming Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Kong
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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Sun Z, Li M, Bai L, Fu J, Lu J, Wu M, Zhou C, Zhang Y, Wu Y. Arsenic trioxide inhibits angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo by upregulating FoxO3a. Toxicol Lett 2019; 315:1-8. [PMID: 31421153 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has been used clinically for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia and some solid tumors. However, the mechanisms of its anti-tumor effects are still elusive. Angiogenesis is a key process for tumor initiation, and increasing evidence has supported the role of anti-angiogenesis caused by arsenic in tumor suppression, although the detailed mechanism is not well understood. In the present study, we found that As2O3 significantly inhibited the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro, and this was mediated by the upregulation of FoxO3a. Knockdown of FoxO3a could restore the angiogenic ability of HUVECs. Moreover, vascular endothelial cell-specific knockout of FoxO3a in mice could disrupt the anti-angiogenesis effect of As2O3 and endow the tumors with resistance to As2O3 treatments. Our results revealed a new mechanism by which As2O3 suppresses angiogenesis and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Sun
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Mingyan Li
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Lu Bai
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Jiaju Fu
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Jinqi Lu
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Muyu Wu
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China
| | - Yongping Wu
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, No. 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China.
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Zhou J, Li Z, Huang Y, Ju W, Wang D, Zhu X, He X. MicroRNA-26a targets the mdm2/p53 loop directly in response to liver regeneration. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1505-1514. [PMID: 31364731 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver regeneration (LR) is the result of a dynamic balance between the increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis of hepatocytes. However, the role of microRNA (miR)‑26a in regulating complex signalling networks involving E3 ubiquitin‑protein ligase Mdm2 (mdm2), p53, p21 and p27 in the process of LR is currently unclear. In the present study, it was hypothesized that miR‑26a may negatively regulate the mdm2/p53 signalling loop in response to LR. In vitro experiments were performed, whereby mouse liver cells were transfected with an miR‑26a vector or an anti/miR‑26a vector. Cell proliferation was analysed using an MTS assay and cell apoptosis, and cell cycle progression were analysed by flow cytometry. In addition, the expression of mdm2, p53, p21 and p27 were assessed using western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses. Dual‑luciferase reporter assays were also used to examine the association between mdm2 and miR‑26a. A 70% partial hepatectomy in C57BL/6J mice was then performed, which was followed by injection with an mdm2‑cDNA vector or an mdm2‑small interfering RNA vector. The liver‑to‑body weight ratio and liver function of mice were measured at 72 h following vector administration. The results demonstrated an increase in hepatocyte proliferation accompanied by decreased hepatocyte apoptosis levels. In addition, inhibition of miR‑26a expression was associated with a marked increase in mdm2 expression, while the expression of p53, p21 and p27 was decreased when compared with negative controls. The opposite effects were observed when miR‑26a was overexpressed. Notably, miR‑26a was demonstrated to target the 3'‑untranslated region of mdm2 directly. The results of the present study are the first to demonstrate as far as the authors are aware that the mdm2/p53 negative feedback loop may be targeted by miR‑26a directly in response to LR, and that mdm2 negatively regulates p53, p21 and p27 but not miR‑26a. miR‑26a may therefore function as an important factor that regulates the interaction between mdm2 and p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Organ Transplant Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoyuan Li
- Organ Transplant Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yingbin Huang
- Organ Transplant Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Weiqiang Ju
- Organ Transplant Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Dongping Wang
- Organ Transplant Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Organ Transplant Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoshun He
- Organ Transplant Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Regulation of PERK expression by FOXO3: a vulnerability of drug-resistant cancer cells. Oncogene 2019; 38:6382-6398. [PMID: 31312024 PMCID: PMC6756075 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The major impediment to effective cancer therapy has been the development of drug resistance. The tumour suppressive transcription factor FOXO3 promotes cell cycle arrest, senescence and cell death, and mediates the cytotoxic and cytostatic functions of cancer therapeutics. In consequence, FOXO3 is often downregulated as an adaptive response in cancer and particularly in chemotherapeutic drug-resistant cells. Consistently, we find that FOXO3 expression is attenuated in the drug-resistant MCF-7-EpiR and MCF-7-TaxR compared to the parental MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Using ChIP, short-interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown, and overexpression assays as well as Foxo1/3/4-/- MEFs, we establish the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress defence modulator PERK (eIF2AK3) as a direct downstream transcriptional target of FOXO3. In agreement, there is also a positive correlation between FOXO3 and PERK expression at the protein and RNA levels in breast cancer patient samples. We uncover that PERK expression is downregulated but its activity constitutively elevated in the drug-resistant cells. With this in mind, we exploit this adaptive response of low FOXO3 and PERK expression, and high PERK activity in drug-resistant breast cancer cells and show that these drug-resistant cells are specifically sensitive to PERK inhibition. In support of this finding, we show that ectopic overexpression of FOXO3 can reduce the sensitivity of the resistant cells to the PERK inhibitor GSK2606414, while the Foxo1/3/4-/- MEFs expressing lower levels of PERK are more sensitive to PERK inhibition compared to wild-type MEFs. PERK inhibitor-titration and -time course experiments showed that the drug-resistant cells, which express lower expression and higher activity levels of PERK, are more sensitive to the increasing concentrations of PERK inhibitor compared to parental MCF-7 cells. Our present work thus reveals a chemotherapeutic drug-resistant cancer cell vulnerability in PERK and suggests PERK as a potential target for cancer therapy, specifically in the context of drug-resistant cancers.
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Zhang L, Lian R, Zhao J, Feng X, Ye R, Pan L, Wu J, Li M, Huan Y, Cai J. IGFBP7 inhibits cell proliferation by suppressing AKT activity and cell cycle progression in thyroid carcinoma. Cell Biosci 2019; 9:44. [PMID: 31183073 PMCID: PMC6555742 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-019-0310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant endocrine tumor and is classified into papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), which have substantially different characteristics. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) has recently been recognized as a tumor suppressor in many cancer types. However, the expression pattern of IGFBP7 and its biological function in various types of thyroid carcinoma remain poorly understood. Results We found that the protein levels of IGFBP7 in FTC and ATC tissues were significantly lower or even absent compared with those in normal thyroid, benign thyroid adenoma and classical PTC tissues. Moreover, overexpression of IGFBP7 in two undifferentiated ATC cell lines, ARO and FRO, and one differentiated FTC cell line, WRO, significantly inhibited cell proliferation in vitro. In vivo experiments revealed that ectopic IGFBP7 expression markedly suppressed growth of tumor xenografts derived from these thyroid cancer cell lines, while IGFBP7 silencing accelerated tumor growth. At the mechanistic level, overexpression of IGFBP7 dramatically suppressed phosphorylation-mediated activation and kinase activity of AKT, causing an upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p27Kip1 and p21Cip1 and induction of G1/S cell cycle arrest, while silencing IGFBP7 exerted the opposite effects. Conclusions IGFBP7 expression is decreased or even absent in FTC and ATC. Acting as a cell cycle repressor, IGFBP7 plays an important tumor-suppressive role in human thyroid cancer, especially in FTC and ATC subtypes and may represent a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for human thyroid cancer treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13578-019-0310-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- 1Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China.,2Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Rong Lian
- 1Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China.,2Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- 3Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China.,4NHC Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Xianming Feng
- 1Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China.,2Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Runyi Ye
- 5Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Lingxiao Pan
- 6Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Jueheng Wu
- 1Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China.,2Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Mengfeng Li
- 1Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China.,2Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
| | - Yongbo Huan
- 7State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510000 Guangdong China
| | - Junchao Cai
- 1Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong China
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Henriques V, Machado S, Link W, Ferreira BI. Monitoring the Transcriptional Activity of FOXO Transcription Factors by Analyzing their Target Genes. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1890:103-113. [PMID: 30414148 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8900-3_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
FOXO proteins represent a subfamily of transcription factors that belong to the forkhead family. The study of FOXO target genes can be performed using Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR). The RT-PCR is a sensitive method that allows the detection and quantification of minute amounts of nucleic acids. In RT-PCR the accumulation of the amplicon is detected and measured as the reaction progresses. Here, we describe the application of RT-PCR technique to monitor the transcriptional activity of FOXO transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Henriques
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Susana Machado
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Wolfgang Link
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bibiana I Ferreira
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal. .,Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal. .,Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.
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Sung GJ, Kim SH, Kwak S, Park SH, Song JH, Jung JH, Kim H, Choi KC. Inhibition of TFEB oligomerization by co-treatment of melatonin with vorinostat promotes the therapeutic sensitivity in glioblastoma and glioma stem cells. J Pineal Res 2019; 66:e12556. [PMID: 30648757 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive malignant glioma and most lethal form of human brain cancer (Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2016;20:S2). GBM is also one of the most expensive and difficult cancers to treat by the surgical resection, local radiotherapy, and temozolomide (TMZ) and still remains an incurable disease. Oncomine platform analysis and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) show that the expression of transcription factor EB (TFEB) was significantly increased in GBMs and in GBM patients above stage IV. TFEB requires the oligomerization and localization to regulate transcription in the nucleus. Also, the expression and oligomerization of TFEB proteins contribute to the resistance of GBM cells to conventional chemotherapeutic agents such as TMZ. Thus, we investigated whether the combination of vorinostat and melatonin could overcome the effects of TFEB and induce apoptosis in GBM cells and glioma cancer stem cells (GSCs). The downregulation of TFEB and oligomerization by vorinostat and melatonin increased the expression of apoptosis-related genes and activated the apoptotic cell death process. Significantly, the inhibition of TFEB expression dramatically decreased GSC tumor-sphere formation and size. The inhibitory effect of co-treatment resulted in decreased proliferation of GSCs and induced the expression of cleaved PARP and p-γH2AX. Taken together, our results definitely demonstrate that TFEB expression contributes to enhanced resistance of GBMs to chemotherapy and that vorinostat- and melatonin-activated apoptosis signaling in GBM cells by inhibiting TFEB expression and oligomerization, suggesting that co-treatment of vorinostat and melatonin may be an effective therapeutic strategy for human brain cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi-Jun Sung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hak Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sungmin Kwak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunhee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, AMIST, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Tamaru S, Kajihara T, Mizuno Y, Takano N, Tochigi H, Sato T, Ishihara O. Heparin prevents oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in human decidualized endometrial stromal cells. Med Mol Morphol 2019; 52:209-216. [PMID: 30879129 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-019-00220-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Clinical trials have shown that administering heparin during the luteal phase has beneficial effects on implantation and live birth rates. Heparin exerts direct effects on decidual human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs), which are independent of its anticoagulant effect. However, the accurate effects of heparin on the decidualization process remain unidentified. Here, we demonstrate that HESCs become dramatically resistant to oxidative stress upon decidualization, and we hypothesize a possible direct action of heparin on the decidualization of HESCs, which would lead to improved implantation. To test this hypothesis, we established primary HESC cultures and propagated them, and then we decidualized confluent cultures with 8-bromo-cAMP, with medroxyprogesterone acetate, and with or without heparin. We treated the cells with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Adding heparin to decidualized HESCs induced prolactin secretion. Decidualized HESCs treated with heparin were prevented from undergoing apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. Heparin induced nuclear accumulation of the forkhead transcription factor FOXO1 and expression of its downstream target, the ROS scavenger superoxide dismutase 2. These results demonstrate that heparin-treated decidualized HESCs acquired further resistance to oxidative stress, suggesting that heparin may improve the implantation environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Tamaru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kajihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan.
| | - Yumi Mizuno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Natsuko Takano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Hideno Tochigi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Tomomi Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan.,Department of Anatomy, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
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Heidari L, Ghaderian SMH, Vakili H, Salmani TA. Promoter methylation and functional variants in arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase and forkhead box protein O1 genes associated with coronary artery disease. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12360-12368. [PMID: 30825235 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease, which is the most common form of heart disease. This is one of the main causes of death in the United States. Inflammation is one of the key drivers of atherosclerotic plaque development. Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1s) family and 5-lipoxygenase make an important contribution to atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the methylation pattern and polymorphism analysis of FOXO1 and arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) promoter genes. We studied 50 patients with CAD and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls by high resolution melt technique. Overall, we found significant differences between patients and controls in terms of the promoter methylation of ALOX5 (P > 0.05). But there was no significant difference in FOXO1 promoter methylation between patient and controls. Single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyping of rs12762303 and rs2297627, in ALOX5 and FOXO1 genes were demonstrated a significant correlation between mutant allele and the risk of CAD, respectively. Furthermore, there were significant associations between CT + CC genotype and ALOX5 expression. Our findings demonstrated functional effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and DNA methylation in ALOX5 on mentioned genes expression and they resulted in CAD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Heidari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayyed Mohammad Hossein Ghaderian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Vakili
- Modarres Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayyeb Ali Salmani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wu Z, Qiu M, Mi Z, Meng M, Guo Y, Jiang X, Fang J, Wang H, Zhao J, Liu Z, Qian D, Yuan Z. WT1-interacting protein inhibits cell proliferation and tumorigenicity in non-small-cell lung cancer via the AKT/FOXO1 axis. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1059-1074. [PMID: 30690883 PMCID: PMC6487700 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide; hence, it is imperative that the mechanisms underlying the malignant properties of lung cancer be uncovered in order to efficiently treat this disease. Increasing evidence has shown that WT1‐interacting protein (WTIP) plays important roles both physiologically and pathologically in humans; however, the role of WTIP in cancer is unknown. Here, we investigated the role and mechanism of WTIP in cell proliferation and tumorigenesis of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We report that WTIP is a tumor suppressor in human NSCLC. We found that WTIP expression was significantly reduced in both NSCLC cell lines and clinical specimens compared to that in normal controls; this reduction was largely attributed to promoter hypermethylation. Downregulation of WTIP significantly correlates with poor prognosis and predicts a shorter overall survival and progression‐free survival among NSCLC patients. Moreover, ectopic overexpression of WTIP dramatically inhibits cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo; conversely, depletion of WTIP expression shows the opposite effects. Mechanistically, WTIP impairs AKT phosphorylation and activation, leading to enhanced expression and transcriptional activity of FOXO1, which further increases p21Cip1 and p27Kip1, and decreases cyclin D1, which consequently results in cell cycle arrest. Collectively, the results of the current study indicate that WTIP is an important proliferation‐related gene and that WTIP expression may represent a novel prognostic biomarker for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, China
| | - Minghan Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, China.,Department of Oncology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, China
| | - Zeyun Mi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Maobin Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangli Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, China
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, China
| | - Jinlin Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, China
| | - Dong Qian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, China
| | - Zhiyong Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, China
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Dong H, Ye X, Zhong L, Xu J, Qiu J, Wang J, Shao Y, Xing H. Role of FOXO3 Activated by HIV-1 Tat in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder Neuronal Apoptosis. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:44. [PMID: 30778283 PMCID: PMC6369160 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There are numerous types of pathological changes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), including apoptosis of neurons. HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (Tat) protein, which is encoded by HIV-1, may promote apoptosis in HAND. Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) is a multispecific transcription factor that has roles in many biological processes, including cellular apoptosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether FOXO3 is activated by HIV-1 Tat and to investigate its role in neuronal apoptosis in HAND. We employed tissue staining and related molecular biological experimental methods to confirm our hypothesis. The in vivo experimental results demonstrated that the expression of nuclear FOXO3 increased in the apoptotic neurons of the cerebral cortexes of rhesus macaques infected with simian human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV). The in vitro investigation showed that HIV-1 Tat activated FOXO3, causing it to move from the cytoplasm to the nucleus via the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, FOXO3 down-regulated expression of the anti-apoptosis gene B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and up-regulated the expression of the pro-apoptosis gene Bcl-2-like 11 (Bim) after entering the nucleus, eventually causing cellular apoptosis. Finally, reduction of nuclear FOXO3 reversed cellular apoptosis. Our results suggest that HIV-1 Tat induces FOXO3 to translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus via the JNK signaling pathway, leading to neuronal apoptosis. Agents targeting FOXO3 may provide approaches for restoring neuronal function in HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqian Dong
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative, Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiang Ye
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative, Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Li Zhong
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative, Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinhong Xu
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative, Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jinhua Qiu
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative, Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative, Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yiming Shao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqin Xing
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative, Disease and Aging Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Bai Y, Chen Y, Chen X, Jiang J, Wang X, Wang L, Wang J, Zhang J, Gao L. Trichostatin A activates FOXO1 and induces autophagy in osteosarcoma. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:204-213. [PMID: 30697272 PMCID: PMC6348367 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2018.73860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) inhibit human osteosarcoma growth and cause apoptosis. Previously, we reported that HDACIs induce autophagy via the FOXO1 pathway. Whether there is involvement of autophagy in anti-osteosarcoma activity of HDACIs is still unknown. MATERIAL AND METHODS Confocal microscopy was performed to determine the formation of GFP-LC3 puncta. Western blotting was conducted to measure FOXO1, and autophagy-related protein levels. Small interference RNA (siRNA) specific for FOXO1 was transfected into U2OS cells to knock down FOXO1 expression level. Flow cytometry was performed to quantify cell death. RESULTS In this study, we first observed that trichostatin A (TSA) induces autophagy in human osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, we found that TSA treatment inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway and enhances forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) transcriptional activity, which is responsible for the increased autophagy level, while suppression of FOXO1 function by siRNA knockdown markedly decreases TSA-induced autophagy. CONCLUSIONS We found that inhibition of autophagy, either by autophagy inhibitors or ATG gene knockdown, markedly enhances TSA-caused cell death. Taken together, our studies reveal the function of autophagy in HDACI-caused osteosarcoma cell death and thus support the development of a novel therapeutic strategy by combining HDACIs and autophagy inhibitors in osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjuan Bai
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochen Chen
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiukun Jiang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianbin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Gao
- Department of Oncology, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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Lin ZP, Zhu YL, Lo YC, Moscarelli J, Xiong A, Korayem Y, Huang PH, Giri S, LoRusso P, Ratner ES. Combination of triapine, olaparib, and cediranib suppresses progression of BRCA-wild type and PARP inhibitor-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207399. [PMID: 30444904 PMCID: PMC6239325 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PARP inhibitors target BRCA mutations and defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, the treatment of HRR-proficient EOC with PARP inhibitors remains challenging. The objective of this study was to determine whether the combination of triapine (ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor), cediranib (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor), and the PARP inhibitor olaparib synergized against BRCA wild-type and HRR-proficient EOC in xenograft mouse models. In addition, the mechanisms by which cediranib augmented the efficacy of triapine and olaparib were investigated. BRCA-wild type and PARP inhibitor-resistant EOC cell lines were implanted subcutaneously (s.c.) into nude mice or injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) into SCID-Beige mice. Mice were then treated i.p. with olaparib, cediranib, triapine, various double and triple combinations. The volume of s.c tumor in nude mice and the abdominal circumference of SCID-Beige mice were measured to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment to delay tumor growth and prolong the survival time of mice. In both xenograft mouse models, the combination of triapine, olaparib and cediranib resulted in marked suppression of BRCA-wild type EOC growth and significant prolongation of the survival time of mice, with efficacy greater than any double combinations and single drugs. Furthermore, we identified that cediranib abrogated pro-survival and anti-apoptotic AKT signaling, thereby enhancing the efficacy of triapine and olaparib against BRCA-wild type EOC cells. Taken together, our results demonstrate a proof-of-principle approach and the combination regiment holds promise in treating BRCA-wild type and PARP inhibitor-resistant EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Ping Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ESR); (ZPL)
| | - Yong-Lian Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Ying-Chun Lo
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Jake Moscarelli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Amy Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Yasmin Korayem
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Pamela H. Huang
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Smith Giri
- Section of Medical Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Patricia LoRusso
- Section of Medical Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Elena S. Ratner
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ESR); (ZPL)
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Chen CP, Chen CY, Wu YH, Chen CY. Oxidative stress reduces trophoblast FOXO1 and integrin β3 expression that inhibits cell motility. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:189-198. [PMID: 29885786 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication associated with placental oxidative stress and impaired trophoblast migration. The mechanism of defective trophoblast migration remains unknown. Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) is a transcription factor. Integrin β3 is involved in cell motility. We hypothesized that FOXO1 mediates expression of trophoblast integrin β3, which could be impaired by oxidative stress and have implications in preeclampsia. The expressions of FOXO1 and integrin β3 were significantly reduced in preeclamptic placentas (n = 15) compared to that of controls (n = 15; p < 0.01). HTR-8/SVneo and JEG-3 trophoblasts were transfected to express wild-type FOXO1-WT or constitutively-expressed nuclear mutant form, FOXO1-AAA. The FOXO1 in HTR-8/SVneo and 3A-Sub-E trophoblasts was silenced by small interfering RNA. AKT-mediated phosphorylation inactivated FOXO1, but FOXO1-AAA was not phosphorylated. The expression of trophoblast integrin β3 was significantly elevated by FOXO1 overexpression and inhibited by FOXO1 knockdown. FOXO1 regulates integrin β3 at the transcriptional level via binding to the putative FOXO1 response element site between position -1154 to -1139 (TGAGATGTTTTGAAAG) in HTR-8/SVneo trophoblasts. The level of phosphorylated FOXO1 was decreased, and the FOXO1 level was increased in trophoblasts treated with AKT inhibitor MK2206, leading to upregulation of integrin β3. The capabilities of trophoblast adhesion and migration were enhanced by FOXO1-overexpression or MK2206, and inhibited by silencing FOXO1 or oxidative stress with H2O2. These results suggest that FOXO1 enhances trophoblast integrin β3 expression, and mediates cell adhesion and migration. By affecting the expression of FOXO1 and cell motility in trophoblasts, oxidative stress plays a role in the development of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie-Pein Chen
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, 92 Section 2 Zhong-Shan North Road, Taipei 104, Taiwan; Division of High Risk Pregnancy, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Yi Chen
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, 92 Section 2 Zhong-Shan North Road, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Wu
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, 92 Section 2 Zhong-Shan North Road, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chen
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, 92 Section 2 Zhong-Shan North Road, Taipei 104, Taiwan
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Esnault S, Hebert AS, Jarjour NN, Coon JJ, Mosher DF. Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Changes Induced by Prolonged Activation of Human Eosinophils with IL-3. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:2102-2111. [PMID: 29706072 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purified human eosinophils treated for 18-24 h with IL-3 adopt a unique activated phenotype marked by increased reactivity to aggregated immunoglobulin-G (IgG). To characterize this phenotype, we quantified protein abundance and phosphorylation by multiplexed isobaric labeling combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Purified blood eosinophils of five individuals were treated with IL-3 or no cytokine for 20 h, and comparative data were obtained on abundance of 5385 proteins and phosphorylation at 7330 sites. The 1150 proteins that were significantly up-regulated ( q < 0.05, pairwise t test with Benjamini-Hochberg correction) by IL-3 included the IL3RA and CSF2RB subunits of the IL-3 receptor, the low-affinity receptor for IgG (FCGR2B), 96 proteins involved in protein translation, and 55 proteins involved in cytoskeleton organization. Among the 703 proteins that decreased were 78 mitochondrial proteins. Dynamic regulation of protein phosphorylation was detected at 4218 sites. These included multiple serines in CSF2RB; Y694 of STAT5, a key site of activating phosphorylation downstream of IL3RA/CSF2RB; and multiple sites in RPS6KA1, RPS6, and EIF4B, which are responsible for translational initiation. We conclude that IL-3 up-regulates overall protein synthesis and targets specific proteins for up-regulation, including its own receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Esnault
- Department of Medicine , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53792 , United States
| | - Alexander S Hebert
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Nizar N Jarjour
- Department of Medicine , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53792 , United States
| | - Joshua J Coon
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States.,Department of Biomolecular Chemistry , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States.,Morgridge Institute for Research , Madison , Wisconsin 53715 , United States.,Genome Center of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Deane F Mosher
- Department of Medicine , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53792 , United States.,Department of Biomolecular Chemistry , University of Wisconsin , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
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50
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Chen R, He F, He H, York JP, Liu W, Xia X. Phosphorylation of P27 by AKT is required for inhibition of cell cycle progression in cholangiocarcinoma. Dig Liver Dis 2018; 50:501-506. [PMID: 29428513 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE P27 is a putative tumor suppressor when located in the nucleus and AKT is an inhibitor of P27 which promotes growth of cholangiocarcinoma. We hypothesized that AKT-dependent phosphorylation at the P27 nuclear localization sequence T157 leads to nuclear export of P27, and thus loss of its tumor suppressive function. This study investigated whether loss of cell cycle regulation in cholangiocarcinoma due to subcellular localization of P27. METHODS Human cholangiocarcinoma cells were transfected with AKT. P27 was tagged with yellow fluorescence protein. Cell cycle progression was determined by flow cytometry. Migration and invasion of was measured by transwell assay. RESULTS Overexpression of wildtype P27 or P27-T157A in Mz-ChA-1 cells resulted in G1 arrest; expression of myr-AKT caused translocation of P27-YFP and endogenous P27 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, leading to inhibition of P27-dependent G1 arrest; the AKT inhibitor and expression of dnAKT increased P27-YFP accumulation in the nucleus and promoted G1 arrest. In contrast, cells expressing YFP-P27-T157A or P27-YFP accumulated only in the nucleus. Co-expression of myr-AKT failed to induce P27-YFP translocation to the cytoplasm or inhibit G1 arrest. Overexpression of P27-T157A significantly increased migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Cholangiocarcinoma growth is associated with nuclear export of P27 that is due to AKT-mediated phosphorylation of P27 at T157.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang He
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua He
- Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - J Philippe York
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Xuefeng Xia
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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